neither are you thus to dispute ãâã man hath no certainty of his fayth or ãâã therefore he is euer doubting ãâã troubled with feares touching the ãâã There is therefore a meane to be adââted betweene these two extremes ãâã a morall certainty in respect oâ ãâã Vnderstanding and a Hope and trusâ ãâã respect of the Will Enthusiastus Arminius I must confesse you ãâã partly satisfyed me in displaying ãâã vnexpected weakenes and transpaâââcy of my Arguments drawnâ ãâã from the misapplication of Scriptââââ as also from Reason But seeing ãâã accomplished my taske of ãâã we are to change parts therefore ãâã may at your pleasure enter vpon ãâã ãâã in seeking to warrant your conâââry doctrine with such proofes as ãâã shall be best armed therewith And ââdeed I confes I partly begin to retire ââd giue back so little preuayling I ââd my former Arguments to be âhich till now I accounted as many ââgines able to beat downe and leuell ââth the ground all contrary doctrine that for which they were vrged But ârminius begin Arminius I am prepared thereto And for the âore exact discussing of this point I ãâã first ouerthrow by proofes the âââposed certainty of euery particular ãâã Iustice Now if a man be vncerââââe of his Iustice which is a meanes ãâã the obtaining of HeaueÌ then much ãâã must he rest vncertaine of his ââââation When I haue discoursed fully of the ãâã âertainty of a Iustifying Fayth then ãâã I proceed to the impugning by âââofes of the imaginary Certainty of ãâã Now touching the first point ãâã âill lay downe though it be in part ãâã shewed what is the true state thereof To wit it is in expresse ãâã thus Whether a man ought or can witâ ãâã speciall reuelation be assured through ãâã of diuine fayth that his sinnes are ãâã In which question Enthusiastâââ you and your party hould the Affââââtiue I the Negatiue Now in disprouing this aâry âââtainty I will keep in part my forââ methode of profes and will draw ãâã Arguments first froÌ Reason My first Aâgument then shal be this Nothing ãâã be certaine cârtitudinâ fidei throuââ certainty of Fayth except it be conâââned eyther immediatly in the ãâã God or at least deduced out of ãâã word by euident consequence ãâã Fayth groundeth itselfe only vpon ãâã Authority of Gods word But we ãâã not find eyther immediatly or by ââcessary inference in the word of ãâã that this or that man is truly iustifyâââ except some few as Maây ãâã the Paraliticall Maââ to both whoââ was sayd by our Sauiour Thy ãâã remitted thee If the Aduersary should reply ãâã to thus âyllogizing The word ãâã teacheth that euery one who hath ãâã âântance of his sinnes is iustifyed but I ãâã true repentance of my Synnes thereââre I am iustifyed I answere heerto that âhe Assumption or second Proposition of âhis Argument is not only false but ãâã impossible except it be proued by âiuine Reuelation Since we read q Ieremy c. 17. âhe hart of man is insârutable and who ââoweth it Againe we obserue that many are âersuaded to haue that which indeed âhey haue not This is euident from the âxample of S. Peter who when he sayd * Luc. 22. I am prepared to be imprisoned and to ââffer death was doubtlesly persuaded âhat he would suffer death for Christ ând yet the euent shewed that he was âot truly prepared thereto Adde heerâo that the Anabaptist and Anti-trinitaââlan both manifest Heretikes do as confidently vaunt of their certainty of âustification as any Protestant can do ând yet it is most euident that both âf them remaine in mortall Sinne as ââng as they continue in such their Religion and consequently that they caÌâot be assured of their Election but raâher assured during such their state of Reprobation My second Argument is this ãâã by speciall benefit of God it is reuealââ to some few that their Sinnes are ââmitted so on the contrary syde ãâã Authenticall Histories record that diuers most blessed and holy men at thâ houre of their death through their ãâã certainty of iustificatioÌ did greatly feareâ According heerto S. Ierome relateth how Hilarion a Holy man thus sayd at the poynt of death Goe out my Soule out of this body why art thou afrayd Seâuenty yeares thou hast serued Christ ãâã dost thou now feare And with this ãâã heere end touching this kind of Argument Enthusiastus I cannot deny but that your Arguments drawne from reason seeme to be very pressing but I pray you asoeââ to other proofes Arminius My next Head of proofes shall be take froÌ the pens of diuers most learneâând Ancient Fathers And I will satisfââ my selfe with the sentences of somâ few though chiefe among them Wâfynd Austin thus to write r L. de perfect Iustitiâ post medium Quatalibet ââtitia c. with what iustice soeuer man is ââduâd he ought to thinke whether any ââing be in him which is to be blamed âhich himselfe seeth not And againe s Serm. 23. de verb. Domini âârtasse tu nihil c. Perhaps thou fyndest nothing in thy conscience inuenit illâ qui ââelius videt but he fyndeth in it who seeth âetter meaning God And finally the âayd Father t In Psalm 4â Noui quia iustitia Dei c I know that the iustice of God remaiâeth but whether it remaineth myne or not I know not The Apostles wordes feare me saying who thinketh himselfe to stand let him take heed he doth not fall Thus Austin Chrysostome u Homil. ãâã ad ãâã Multis de causis c. for many causes our iudgement is vncertaine of which one is because we know not what our workes are Ierome x Lââ in âerem exponens c. ââ Homo vide tin face Deus in corde Man seeth only the face but God seeth the Hart and which seemeth to vs sometymes cleane is found to be most sorâide and foule in his eyes Finally to omit many others Baââll thus writeth of this poynt y In constit Mon c. â Mulâa peccantes c. we sinning in many things many of such our sinnes we doe not appreâend or vnderstand wherefore the Apostle said I am not guilty to my selfe of any ãâã but neuertheles I am not iustifyed in thââ as much as if he should say I sinne in many things but I doe not obserue such my sinnââ Thus far of the Fathers iudgment touching the vncertainty of our Iustification Enthusiastus I should hardly haue byn persuaded that the Fathers had beene so strong in this point as now I must confesse they are but I pray you Arminius ryse to your proofes of Scripture since they are most preuayling Arminius Well then to come to the Holy Scripture I will restrayne my selfe only first to such passages thereof which in expresse words admonish vs not to be ouer certayne and confident of our obtayned Iustice Secondly to some of those places which teach that it is vncertayne whether that man
necessity to thinges But this later point is most false for example if it were reuealed by diuine power to a man that the next day it would rayne yet this mans foreknowledge is not the cause of the rayne and yet no doubt it would rayne but no lesse contingently then if the maÌ had not foreknowne the same at all Neither the foreknowledge or preuision of God I meane as it is particularly of God imposeth any necessity to thinges And the proofe hereof is this As God foreknoweth not only what man hereafter will do so also he foreknoweth what himselfe hereafter will doe And yet Gods prescience doth not force God to do that which he will do Neither therefore vpon the same reason doth his foreknowledge force man in his actions Againe God did foresee the fall of Adam and yet in the iudgmeÌt of the chiefest Deuines Adam had Free-will before his fall Enthusiastus But how commeth it to passe thaâ those thinges which are certainly for ãâã knowne haue euer the euent when yet they are effected contingently as you say and may in that respect not be aâ all Arminius The reason heerof is Because whâ foreknoweth a thing heerafter to bâ effected doth in his vnderstanding precurre or preuent the effecting of the thing and beholdeth it as done before it be done but that which is done cannot be vndone although it be effected voluntarily or contingently But to conclude this poynt the concordancy of Gods prescience with Free-will is so acknowledged euen by thâ Deuines as that D. Willet thus plainâly writeth heerof c D. VVillet in Synops p. 809. God foreseeth but willeth not sinne Enthusiastus Indeed there is no such repugnancy after the true ballancing of the difficulty betweene Gods prouision and Freewill as at the first it appeareth to be whereby we may learne that that sentence is true * SecuÌdââ cogitationis prudentiores ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã But I do find a farre greater labour to reconcile Gods Cooperation with mans Freewill so as they may both stand togeather and not exile and banish one the other For since God hath decreed from all eternity what shal be or what shall not be I see not how any place can heer be left for Freewill Arminius O Enthusiastus you must not measure the Mysteries of Christianity by the false yard of Naturall reason or maÌs capacity For though demonstratiuely we were not able to reconcile Gods cooperation Freewill yet neither of them are therefore to be denyed if so ech of them receaue their particuler warrant from the word of God Notwithstanding for your greater satisfaction Enthusiastus I will set downe one way among others by which in the iudgement of the greatest Deuines Gods cooperation and mans freedome of Will are reconciled For thus they teach To wit that the Diuine Cooperation doth beare it selfe with reference only to the Effect and not to the cause whereby is vnderstood that the concourse of God doth not determine our will neither doth it worke vpon the will but flowes only into the Effect produceth the Effect in the same moment in the which it is produced by our will And yet the same Effect could not be produced if eyther Gods Cooperation or Mans Will were wanting They illustrate this sentence from two which beare a great stone the which stone the of one them could not carry neither of those two men giueth force to the other nor impelleth the other and it is in the free choyce of them both to leaue this burden The like falleth out in the Cooperation of God and MaÌs-Wil in the ãâã ãâã thing And ãâ¦ã this point only before I end I must tell you that it seemeth strange to me to obserue your humility as I may terme it in descending to the former Arguments drawne from humane Authorities and naturall reason Seeing diuers of your iudgement in the Question of Freewill and the inferentiall Conclusions resulting from thence will in great venditation brauery of speach vndertake to proue all such their assertions only from the sacred word scorning with a supercilious looke all other kind of proofes deduced either from the Fathers froÌ Naturall Reason or from any other humane authority whatsoeuer Enthusiastus Well Arminius I see heere what the iudgement of the chiefest Deuines are in this point But now I will proceed no further in producing any more kinds of proofes It then resteth vpon you to vndergoe the like labour by prouing from the Scriptures and other Authorities the Doctrine of Freewill Begin then at your pleasure Arminius I imbrace willingly that imposed labour in the prosecuting whereof I will draw my first proofes from Reason that done I will next ryse to human Authorities and lastly I will firmely entrench or anchour my cause vpon the infallible authority of Gods sacred Writ thus by ascending by degrees in proofes I will consequently ascend in the weight of the proofes produced from the said Authorities And to begin My first argument shall be this Let vs 1 August l. 14. de vera Religione take away by supposall Free will from man then with all we take away all punishment due for perpetrating of Sinne and rewards for the exercise of Vertue But this last point stands not with the practise not only of Priuate men but of all good Common wealths who euer retaliate Vertue with rewards and Vico with punishments Enthusiastus This your first argument is in my iudgment but diaphorous transparent For * So answereth Caluin l. Instit. 2. c. 5. it followeth not that man should not be punished if he hath not Freewill the reason heereof being in that the punishment is due to the offence which offence is yet remayning in vs and indeed taketh its whole emânation from our selues Arminius Howsoeuer Enthusiastus you allâuiate and sleighten the force of this argument yet is it insisted vpon by Chrysostome Ierome and finally is grounded vpon force of Reason Now more particulerly to answere here to I say that in your Answere you offend in the Paralogisme or Fallacy in Logick commonly called Petitio Principij since you assume that as granted which yet is in controuersy For you in your dispute do presume that the fault doth remaine and flow from vs although we be forced through necessity to the working thereof and that it is not in our power to auoyde Sinne so fouly you see you are mistaken in this your seeming answere But I will proceed to a second Argument Exyle * Aug. l. de Vera relig â 14. and banish from man Free-will â exyle with all all kinds of Counsels and precepts among men as Exhortations and persuasions to Vertue all prayse due to the workers thereof as also on the contrary side all de hortations and rebukes touching the perpetrating of Vice and Impiety since to what end tend these exhortations persuasions reprehensions prccepts c. if so men can not do otherwise then they doe Enthusiastus I answere
prepare in the âââtionall Soule the way to vice c. Therefore it remayneth to be considered that God is the cause only of good but not of any Euill And againe he thus further discourseth u Lib. de Profugis Therefore let âo wicked act being perpetrâted by affected diligence of man be repâtâd or said to proceede from the sentence of God but from our owne proper will And thus briefly touching the iudgment of the Iewes in this Controuersy Enthusiastus Well Arminius You haue riuetted the truth of your doctrine herein by many humane Testimonies the which I greatly presume are not capable of any sufficient Reply admitting the said Testimonies to be sortable to the word of God Therefore I much couet that you hasten to your Scripturall proofes since they are to preponderate all other kinds of proofes whatsoeuer Arminius Now I come to them and as I said ãâã of humane Authorities aboue alledged in coÌfirmation of Freewill that they did consequently impugne our aduersaries doctrine touching Reprobation âo with much more reason may I say that al the former diuine passages heertofore produced to maintaine the doctrine of Freewill do by necessary inference deduction ouerthrow the aduersaries sayd doctrine of Reprobation Therefore passing ouer all such former diuine Authorities touching Freewill I will neer insist in such Texts of Scripture as do immediatly and expressely impugne this your doctrine of Reprobation And first I will insist in those Texts which teach that God would haue all men saued That done I will desceÌd to such passages which shew that God was incarnated and suffered death for the sauing of All mankind And to beginne with the first sort of proofes The Prophet Ezechiel in most full manner and in seuerall places contesteth the truth heereof thus saying x Ezech. 18. Haue I any desire that the wicked should die ãâã the Lord Againe y Ezech. vbi supra Cast away from ãâã all your Transgressions c. for I desire ãâã the death of him that dyeth Yea ãâã this Prophet deposeth as it were ãâã intention heerein with aâ moââ vehâment ingemination in these ãâã z Ezech. 3â As I liue sayth the Lord God I desire not the death of the wicked but that ãâã wicked turne from his wayes liue ãâã you turne you from your âuill wayes ãâã why will you die O yee house of Israel Agayne to leaue this Prophââ do we not find the Prophet I say to ãâã in the like Dialect a Isa 5. Text aboue ãâã god saying in the person of God ãâã Iudge I pray you betweene my Vine ãâã what more could I haue doâe for it that I haue not done Wherefore then hath it giuen thornes and I looked for grapes In lyke sort the Euangelist to shew ãâã nothing is wanting on Gods syde ãâã mans saluation thus speaketh of ãâã b Reuelat 2. He gaue her a tyme that she mighâ repent and she will not repent And ãâã this end it is sayd I meane that mââ by leauing their sinnes might purchaââ saluation by the former Euangelist that c Reuelat â God standeth at the doore viâ ãâã our harts and knocks if any will open ââ will enter into him and supp with him And therefore in respect of Gods proââeding herein it is no wonder that S. Peter speaketh thus of all men in generall d 2. Petr. 3. and see 1. Thessal c. 5. God is not willing that any perish but that all returne to repentance Now to come to the second kind of Texts which shew that the end of Gods Incarnation and Passion was the saluation of All men sorting here to we read That e Iohn 1. God tooke away the sinâââ of the World f Iohn 4. That He was a Saââour of the World That g 1. Tim. 2. He gaue himselfe a Redemption for All That h Hebr. â He ââsted death for All. Finally that i â Iohn â He ãâã a reconciliation for our Sinnes and not âor ours only but also for the Sinnes of the âhole world Now whither tend all these âost forcing and indeed most comforââble passages of Scripture but to ââoue that God for his part createth âot any man to damnation but would ââue all men saued and that for the acâomplishing of the same end if so sinâers themselues would he became inâarnated and suffred death And that no man shall thinke that Christ died only for the Elect and Christs ãâã for ãâ¦ã ãâ¦ã sayth k â Cor. â 8. Rom. â4 The ãâã brother ãâã ãâã for whom Christ ãâã And agaynâ l 1. Tim. 4. Christ is the ãâã of All men espetially ãâ¦ã m 2. Pet. â yet more speaking of ãâ¦ã They deny hiâ ãâ¦ã bringing vpon them speedy ãâ¦ã also n Esay ââ Thâ Angell of ãâ¦ã thâm and in ãâ¦ã c. But they ãâ¦ã Spirit and therefore he ãâ¦ã ãâ¦ã the ãâã o Heb. â0 Whâ hath trodeâ ãâ¦ã of God ãâã ãâã and esteemeâ ãâã blâud of ãâ¦ã iâ ãâ¦ã donâ ãâã to ãâã ãâã of ãâã Yeâ then the Wickââ ãâ¦ã in the ãâã of the ãâã then the bloud of the ãâã was ãâã for the Wicked Thus you see Enthusiastus ãâ¦ã these passages of Scripture do assure that Christs passion was ãâã not only for the Elect but also ãâã Wicked if so the wicked will not through their continuance in their âinnes depriue themselues of the beneâât thereof and consequently that God doth not out of his absolute decree Reârobate any man to damnation Enthusiastus Worthy Arminius I will not forbeare to relate what I haue heard answered or rather obiected by some of our owne learned Brethren to most of these Texts touching Gods will to haue all men saued They haue shaped a double Answere hereto First they demand * So vrged by Kimmedonâius in his Redemption of Mankind p. âââ how commeth it to passe that âf so God would haue all men saued why then are not all men saued since it âs said of God p Psalm ââ5 He doth whatsoeuer he âwill Secondly my Brethren do answere to the former Testimonies by distinguishing of the will of God For they teach that God hath a double Will q So teacheth Beza in his display of Popish c. p. 18â 190. 191. Danaeus in Isagoge Christiana part 4. l. 3. c. 38. And Kimedonâius in his Redemption of Mankind englished pag. 170 â 162. The one say they secret fearefull and vnsearcheable the other the reuealed Will of God in his Word They vpon this distinction further teaching That r Kimedoncius vbi supra God willeth not the death of a Sinner in his Will reuealed in his Word but ãâã his vnsearchable Will And in proofe ãâã this double kind of Will in God a lââned man on our syde alledgeth ãâã two seeming different sentences ãâã * Esay 45. Ego Deus creans malum And Non Dâvolens iniquitatem Tu es Thus frââ hence inferring s M. Willee in
by the ancient Church of Christ then I iustify that the hatefull name of Arch-Heretike cannot in any sort be appropriated vnto me But seing you are determined to enter into a serious dispute as you say touching the former Articles I would willingly know what Method you intend to keep herein That is where yoâ will begin and whether your selfe wilâ first oppose and obiect or answere thâ choyse whereof for the greater satisfaction of these Gentlemen your worthy Associates I freely giue to you And lastly I would know whether you would rather dispute priuatly or publikely Yf Priuatly then if it please you and these Gentlemen to accompany me to my house you shall enioy if nothing els yet better priuacy of discourse Enthusiastus O no. Our dispute shal be open and publike I meane in these your owne publike Schooles This shal be the place of our Conflict that so in the Theater and view not only of these English GeÌtlemen comming with me but also of this Presence your owne daily Anditory you may disauow that fayth to the which you haue hitherto beene so pitifully enthralled Here within these Walls the Hurt hath bene committed and within these walles I trust by dint of Argument and by assistance of the Highest who euer affoardeth his peculiar Illuminations to his Elect of which number I am ascertayned to be âne to force you to disclayme from your former Positions and thereby partly to repayre the dâmage Yet before we come to dispute you must giue me leaue therby to affoard â more full passage to my griefe to tell you that I much feare your defence of these interwounding Controuersies proceeds in you from a thirsty desire to be much spoken of by the tongue of Fame so to become Vir Theâtralis as placed vpon the stage of the Worlds Eye The which I am the rather induced to thinke since you are not content to confyne your said doctrines within the compasse of these Walles to your owne Auditory But withall to diuulge them in your discoursing Papers the immateriall wellings of your Pen. I will not say how for better but I may well say how lesse hurtfull in respect of others it is to be a secret Adiaphorist or Neutrall in Religion so keeping his poyson to himselfe then with a certaine Magistrality assumââ Authority to frame mould such doctrines which stand so aduerse to thâ Word of the Lord as that I may iustlyâ style theÌ to be Hyper-hereticall ãâ¦ã ceÌding the nature of ordinary ãâã Now then Arminius you being the Architect of such straÌge doctrines the beliefe whereof doth threaten an interminable perdition to the belieuers it is euident that your Sinne in Teaching is farre more reprouable then it is in your followers in their Belieuing The reason being in that wheras the ignorant Sectary meerly Priuatiuely belieueth not that which is True the learned such as you are belieueth with a formed and positiue Fayth to speake in a restrayned sense that which is false I heere passe ouer with a gentle touch how in defence of your former doctrines to the dishonour of your owne Cause you ouer neerely interleague with the Papists who as it should seeme by some of their Bookes equally maintayne with you the said Paradoxes But I will stay my selfe from launcing further in my Reproualls hauing paid in these my speaches some Tribute and Duty to the Truth and to my owne feruour 4 Psal ââ Zelus domus tuâ comedit me Arminius This your long I will not say tedious Discourse discouereth ãâã your Name well comports with your owne comportment but you may take notice that my Scene is not fruitlesly to wast the tyme in vaunting Words the froath of speach Where you say that the defence of my doctrines riseth from a certaine VeÌtuosity and windy desire of Prayse It seemes you tast euery thing through your owne enuenomed spitle but I do assure you to speake in my owne defence I do little prize this poore weake breath of Mens mouthes Where you charge me with inter-leaging as you call it with the Papists I reply heerto True it is that the Papists do hold the sayd Articles with vs but not with the same Conditions I take it and in the same manner Agayne admit there were no disparity betweene them and vs touching the belieuing yet what doth this inforce Can it be inferred that because the Papists belieue them Therefore we ought not to belieue them Most inconsequently inferred since by this forme of arguing we should not belieue that there are any Scriptures that Christ dyed for mans Redemption that there are three Persons and but one God seeing the Papists do belieue these Articles But Syr be not lauish of time but without futher surpluzage of vnnecessary discourse which doth but obtund mens eares hasten to dispute And what I shall be able to produce eyther in defence of my owne PositioÌs or in assaulting of yours though these two points be partly coincident interueyre the one the other the Euent will proue Therefore I intreat you to beginne And Gentlemen if it please you you may take your Seates Enthusiastus Well then we will proceed therto And seeing you leaue it to my Election I will first dispute and obiect will produce most Vnanswerable Testimonies of sacred Writ deliuered without the least doubt by me in the intended sense of the Holy Ghost Spiritus vbi a Ioan 3. vult spirat And I will begin with the Article of Freewill in that the Question of Freewill is a Cardinall supreme Point being indeed the hynge whereupon the other Questions following by necessary inference do rest and relye Arminius I like well of your Method And you say truly in calling the Question of Freewill a supreme Point at this present since it being once proued that man wanteth Freewill it the followeth that there is a certainty of our Reprobation Election or Predestination As also on the contrary part if it can be demonstrated that man hath Freewill then of necessity from thence may be inferred that there is no certainty of Predestination or Reprobation But now to come to the subiect of which in the first place you vndertake to dispute I hold it expedient that we first both agree of the definition of Freewill and of other cautions necessarily conducing to euery act flowing from Freewill the which being set downe afore and circumstanced with due restrictions and so acknowledged by vs both my presaging thoughts foretell me that you will but idly diuerberate the ayre in alleadging the most of your Scripturall Authorities since the Answeres to them you shall fynde to be vertually inuolued in the said definition cautions and explications And first to begin with the definition The Deuines b Aug. in Enâhirid c. â0â do defyne Free-will to be A faculty of Reason and the Will by the which Good is chosen through Gods grace assisting or Euill through the absence of the same Grace Now for the
Christ what other thing is thâ then to enuiâ at the benefits of Christ ââstowed vpon Christians Thus far Câstalio To this former learned man I may adioyne the authority of M. Perâins herein though at other times he may seeme partly to fluctuare and wauer iâ hit iudgment touching this point Hâ thus plainly writeth a sentence ãâã where by me alleadged g In his reformed Catholike p. 26. Because Goâ giues men commandement to repent and belieue therefore they haue power to repeââ and belieue h V bi supr p. ââ God with his commanââment giuing grace that the thing prescribed may be done Molinaus the learned Protestant is so full in the doctrine of Freewill as that Peter Martyr rebuketh him therefore in these wordes i In his Epistles annexed to his common Places englished in his Epist. to Caluin pag. 99. Molinaus adiudâeth certaine thinges amisse touching Free-will In like sort Hemingius and Snecanus Protestants of good Note are charged by D. Willet for their maintayning of Freewill in this manner k In his Synops p. 808 810. They he meaning the former two Protestants âre more erroneous concerning Freewill then are the Papists Brieflly this doctrine of Freewill is fully taught by l Cent. 16. pag. 814. Osiander and by certaine Protestants recorded by m Aââ Mon. pag. 1533. 1605. M. Fox so strong and resolute we see are many learned Protestants in this doctrine Enthusiastus The Authority of these former Protestants doe not much sway with me ââoing that as your selfe cannot but know there are many other more in number and of equaâl learning at least with the former who wholy impugne the Doctrine of Freewill and to whose iudgments therein I had rather stryke âayle and yield Arminius Be it so Enthusiastus as you saâ yet I vrge the testimonies of the Protestants to this end to wit that whereaâ you rely perhaps ouermuch vpon thâ authority of other Protestants our Aduersaries in this controuersy that yoâ may see heerby that other Protestanâ of eminency do with as strong a benâ of iudgement defend the doctrine oâ Freewill as yours do impugne it Anâ therefore though I seeke not that thâ ProtestaÌts by me alledged should oueâ ballance other Aduersary Protestants heerin yet I see no reason why they should not equally ballaÌce with the said Protestants And thus it followeth that the matter in respect of this point is become eauen and indifferent as being neither much aduantaged or much preiudiced by yours or my producing of Protestants eyther for the impugning or defending of the doctrine of Freewill Yet heere I must aduertise you oâ one thing to be considered It is this That seeing the former Protestants by me alledged do compart almost with all other Protestants in all Articles of ââotestancy this only of Freewill and âther points therof depending excepâed it can hardly be coniectured that âhe sayd Protestants would diuide theÌâelues in doctrine from all their other âearned Brethren were it not that the weight of diuine and humane Authorities did ouersway their iudgmeÌts thereân seeing otherwise they might hould it as no small scarre to them being feâer in number to dispart themselues but vpon most weighty and forcing Reasons in iudgment from all other Protestants Againe we know that ProtestaÌts and Papists are Aduersaries one to another in matters of Religion now the former alledged Protestants by me do conspire partly in doctrine touching Freewill with the Papists so as the Authorities of the sayd Protestants heerin are to be reputed as Confessions of the aduersary Now how forcible this kind of Argument drawne from the Confession of an Aduersary is appeares froÌâhe iudgement of the most learned D. Whitakers thus writing of this poynt o D. Whit. contra Bell. l de Eccles controuer 2. q. 5. c. 14. Efficaxest Aduersariorum ipsorum testimonium c. The testimony drawne froâ the Aduersaries is most efficacious aâ I ingenuously confesse that Truth is abâ to extort testimony from its Enemies thâ sayd Doctour borrowing his sentencâ heerin from Irenaus to omit other Fathers thus writing p L. 4. c. 14. It is an vnanswerable proofe which bringeth attâstatiou froâ the Aduersaries themselues But inougâ of this poynt and now leauing to insââ further in the Protestants iudgment herein I will ascend vp to those tyme of the Primitiue Church she being then Christs intemerate and incontaminate Spouse and see of what iudgment the Doctors and Fathers of those purer dayes were touching Freewill Enthusiastus I pray you Arminius rise vp to those times for I freely confes that thâ authorities of those ancient Doctourâ so long as they do not impugne Godâ Holy Word and Scripture ought ãâã haue no small soueraignty ouer manâ iudgment And the rather seeing wâ fynd it thus written by our owne meâ q Kââpnitius in exam Concil Trident. part 1. pag. 74. We doubt not but that the Primitiââ Church receaued from the Apostles and ãâã postolicall men not only the text of the Scripture but also the right and natiue sense thereof Therefore Arminius you may proceed Arminius Now to beginne with those Centinels of Christs Church Though all of them I meane both of the Latin and Greeke Church be most luxuriant and ryotous as I may say in their testimonies for the proouing of Freewill yet because I will not cloy this presence with a fastidious aboundance of such their Authorities some few and those pertinent shall serue And first I fynd that Austin thus writeth r Tom. 3. de Spir. litera c. 34. It is in our power to consent to Gods calling or to dissent from it Againe he further thus enlargeth himselfe euen deliuering our doctrine in these expresse wordes s Austin tom â epist. 47. Valentino I haue dealt with yours and our Brethren what I could that they would perseuere in the sound Catholike fayth which neither denieth Freewill whether to bad life or to good neither attributeth so much vnto it as that without grace it auayleth any thing And to omit other infinite lyke sayings he thus plainly teacheth t Aust l. de spirit liâ c. 34. Consentire vocationi Dei vel ab illo dissentire propriae voluntatis est It is peculiar to thâ will either to giue assent to the calling ãâã God or to reiect it But to proceed to others Ierome thus punctually writeth u Hiâroniâus Dial contra Pelagianos Hoc est quod tibi in principio dixer aââ c. This is that which I spake to thee in the beginning to wit That it is in our power tâ sinne or not to sinne that so we may keepâ the freedome of our will Epiphanius accordeth to the former Fathers in these words x Epiphan Haeres 1â Manâ festum euidens indubium est vnicuiâ liberum arbitrium concessum esse à Deo c. It is manifest euident and indubious thââ God hath giuen Freewill to euery man who hath sayd by himselfe si
volueritis si nolueritis that so by these his wordes it may be in mans power eyther to worke well or ââ worke badly But to contract this poynt Somâ Protestants of the greatest Note and ranke do most fully charge the Fathers in generall with the doctrine of Freewil For thus D. Whitgift that learned Protestant confesseth of this point y D. Whitg in his defence of the Answere to the Admonition pag. 472. 473. Almost all the Bishops of the Greeke Church and Latin also for the most part were spotted with the doctrine of Freewill c. And according to this Doctors iudgment we fynd that our Centurists z See Cent. â c. 10. col 221. Cent. 3. c. 10. Col. 265. 240. Cent 4 Col. âââ3 1â44 1183. Cent. 5. Col. 969. c. do particularly charge and reprehend these Fathers following for their maintenance of Freewill to wit Iustin Irenaeus Cyprian Tertullian Origen Chrysostome Theodoret Cyrill Alexandrinus Prudentius Ambrose Hilary Epiphanius Gregory Nissene and Gregory Nazianzen And that three of these ancient Fathers to wit Origen Tertullian and Cyprian defended the doctrine of Freewill appeareth most euidently from this one consideration It is granted by the most learned Aduersaries that Austin Epiphanius and Ierome in regard of their most cleare sentences in that behalfe did iointly teach Freewill Well a Austin against Origen in haeres 414 Against Tertull. in haeres 86. â Against Cypr. in tom 3. de Baptism l. 2. c. 7. Ierom. l. contr louin Vigil Epiph in Haeresibus These Fathers did charge the former three Fathers with these three peculiar Errours following and no other to wit Cyprian with Rebaptization Tertullian with denying second Mariages and Origen with belieuing that the Diuels should in the end be saued But now it is more then certaine that if Cyprian Origen and Târtullian had belieued and taught otherwise touching the doctrine of Freewill then thâ said later Fathers did no doubt they had beene written against for this theââ disagreement from Austin Ierome anâ Epiphanius touching Freewill as theâ were charged by them for their for mââ acknowledged Errours But we do not fynd that the former three more ancient Fathers were contradicted by thâ three later touching the doctrine of Freewill from which point it ineuitably followeth that Cyprian Origen and Tertullian did vnanimously agree in defence of Freewill with Austin Ierome and Epiphanius And thus far touching the Authorities of the Fathers in this question of Freewill assuring you Enthus and this worthy Presence that I haue not discerped the twentith part of those Testimonies which their Writings and Volumes do affoard of this Subiect Enthusiastus Learned Arminius for so I fynd you to be I will not be of that Aristarchian and Censuring disposition aââ to recall the Authorities of those Ancient Fathers to be tryed by the touchstone of my owne iudgment I reuerence their Authority both for their learning vertues and their proximity to our Sauiours dayes Only I euer say I reuerence them with this presumed caution to wit whiles they write concordantly to the Holy Scriptures And therefore Arminius if so you can be able to produce out of Gods Holy Writ as euident Testimonies which I yet thinke you cannot for the fortifying of the doctrine of Freewill as your haue already done out of the Fathers writings I coÌfesse it may perhaps beget in me a certaine hesitation and doubtfulnes of iudgment herein But Arminius proceed in that kind of Methode as shall best seeme pleasing to your selfe and God I trust for refractory I will not be will second the euent Arminius I will in fitting tyme arriue to my proofes borrowed from the diuine Scriptures yet because I wil not ascend thereto in regard of my prescribed Methode ouer steepily or per saltum therefore I will take in my way the Ancient Iewes into my consideration and will see whether they stand affâcted to the doctrine of belieuing of Free-will or wholy disclaime from the same But this difficulty is easily dissolued For doe we not fynd Rabby Moyses fiâlius Maymon thus to instruct his Proselytes b Epist aduersus Astrologos Ac illud quidem intelligere debetis c. But this chiefe and principall foundation of our Law you ought to vnderstand that both I and all Philosophers do confesse That what actions are committed by men the same to be in their owne power c. So ââ man serueth God if so man himselfe will c. And if he hath a desire to ioyne himselfe with the wicked c. he also doth thâ same See further of this point Rabby Hâdarsan vpon the fourth Chapter of Genesis And Rabby Selemo alleadged by c In lib. de Arcanis Catholica veritatis Printed at Frânckfurd 1602 l. 6. c. 6. Petrus Galatinus Philo that learned Iew thus initiatech his Reader in this mistery d Philo. lib. quod Deus sit immutabius Man hath Freewill God created him free that being left to his proper will he might doe whatsoeuer he pleasâ c. To which sentence is extant that Oraââ in Deuteronomy Behould I haue placed before thee life and death good and ãâã choose lyfe Thus Philo. To concludâ That the Ancient Iewes were Patronââ of Freewill so euident and confessed is this point diuers of our learned Brethren do acknowledge For D. Fulk thus fully speaketh hereof e In his defence of the English I ranslation pag. 320. The Iewish Rabbins Patrones of Freewill do erre The like is acknowledged by f Vpon the words of Rabbi Aâiba Paulus Fagius the Protestant and by the Booke intituled g Printed Hannouiae 1604. pag. â17 Synagoga Iudaica Enthusiastus The Iudgments of the Iewes by you alleadged I canot very much esteeme and this for two Reasons First because you knowe that vpon the comming of our Sauiour their Law and Religion was to be abrogated and disanulled as we see by the cessation of their Sacrifices and diuers other their Ceremonies then vsed Secondly some doubt that that Galatinus whom aboue you mention being but a late writer forged in his alleaged Booke certayne sentences sorting to his owne Religion and then with subtilty obtruded them or rather incorporated them in the former Iewes And therefore granting this for true D. Whitakers with more probability might answere his Aduersary producing the Testimonies of the Iewes out of this Galatinus in these wordes h L 9. contra Duraeum p. 818. Tuum in hac causa Petruin Galatinum miânimè profectà desidero nec Hebraeorum Tâstimonijs illis indigemus But I pray yoâ leauing these Authorities hasten to thâ Holy Scriptures Arminius Before I ascend to Scripturall proofes you must giue me leaue to eneruate and weaken this your Answere And to the first part thereof I reply That those onely points of fayth arâ now abrogated which did prefigure our Sauiours comming such were the Iewish Sacrifices diuers of their Ceremonies But now the doctrine
f Marc. c. 10. ãâã loued the rich man who went away ãâã him and yet from this loue of our ãâã to the rich man we cannot ãâã that the Rich man was one of the ãâã Againe it is most true that God louetâ all men as they are his Creatures though he hateth their Sinne For ãâã wiseman instructeth vs that g Sapieââ c 11. God ãâã all thinges that are and hateth none ãâã them whom he hath made To the second place I answer ãâã that another like place of our Sauiouâ words may well seeme to explane ãâã as where he said h Iohn 17. Those whom thou ãâã me I haue kept and none of them peââshed but the Sonne of perdition Now ãâã parallelling these two seuerall Tâxts ââgeather it is euident that the ãâã of this place is not that euery onâ whom the Father giueth perseueres to ãâã end for then the Son of perdition ãâã wit Iudas who as the Text sayth ãâã giuen should haue perseuered to the ãâã But rather that the Diuell by all ãâã temptations cannot perforce pull a ãâã from God except he giues his ãâã consent to yield to the diuels ãâã Secondly suppose these wordes to vnderstood of the Elect in generall ââose finall repentance is knowne to ãâã of whom we all acknowledge at None do perish for God is not ãâã in his foreknowledge yet this forceth nothing seeing both the i Hier. in c. 26. Hier. sayth Non ex eo quod Deus scit futurum aliquid idâirââ futurum est Sed quia futurum est Deus nouit See likewise Austin tom 7. de praedest gratia c. 15. ââthers and our owne learned k Hiperius in Method Theol. l. 1. pa. 319. sayth Neque quia praescit Deus hominem peccaturum ideo homo peccat sed quia peccaturus erat ideo Deus id praesciuit The like saying hath Amandus Polaââs in partit Theolog. l. 1 p. â Breââren do teach that things are not beâause God doth foresee them but God doth ââresee therin because they are To the third Text I answere That âod indeed doth neuer repent him of ãâã guifts bestowed vpon any man yet ââuertheles by reason that many do aâaâuse his giftes applying them otherâise then God intended he is said in âoly Scripture as speaking to our Caâacity l Gen. â 1. Samuel 15. to repent him Enthusiastus Well I will closâtlliâ point ãâ¦ã more Scipturall Authorities ãâã I see Arminius you are very ãâã in auoyding of them with there ãâã lowing which for greater ãâã I will a masse togeather We fynd ãâã Apostle thus to say Christ shall ãâã confirme you speaking to the âââthians vnto the end Iâ like ãâã m 1. Cor. 1. said Apostle els where thus sayth ãâã n Ephes 1. He hath thosen vs before the foundatioâ the world Agayne o Rom. 8. Who shall accuse âgainst the Elect of God Finally we ãâã in the Gospell p Iohn 10. No man shall ãâ¦ã sheepe out of my hand All which ââââârities may seeme well to fortify the ãâã fallibility of Predestination Arminius These Texts though many ãâã number yet are small in force so ãâã they glance from the intended ãâã And as for the two first to which ãâã others of the same nature may ãâã ranged taking their answere from ãâã Answere giuen to thâse two thââpostle only meaneth That he hopâ ãâã well of the saluation of the Corinthians ând Ephesians but that he should be asâured through a certainty of faith that âll the Corinthians and all the Ephesiâns for the Apostle speaketh indefiâitely to them all should be saued is âost absurd to thinke To the two ãâã Authorities They only teach that âhe Elect cannot finally perish but they âoe not teach that the Elect do know ãâã much of themselues in particular or âhat they are of the nuÌber of the Elect which poynt remaynes yet vnprooued Enthusiastus I will desist as I sayd afore from ârging more places of Gods word For ãâã willingly grant I haue produced all âuch Texts as I thought had been most âreuayling for the proofe of the doctriâe for which they were vrged Onely âefore I leaue the Scene of further opâosing I will insist in an Argument or âwo drawne from force of reason âhich Arguments preuayle strongly with diuers men of iudgment my first ââen shall be drawne from the efficacy âf ãâã and Hope And thus I dispute The holy Scripture ascribeth to Fayth a ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã or most full ãâã in the tenth Chapter to the Hebreâ In like sort in the eleauenth Chapter ãâã the Hebrews it is called in regard ãâã its Infallibility Coniunctio or Hypostaââ a firme ground of things to be hoped for ãâã an infallible euidence of things we see ãâã Agayne in the Epistle of S. Iames ãâã 1. Hesitation and wauering is opposed ãâã Fayth In like sort in the sixt to the Hâbrews a steedy firmenes is attributed ãâã Hope or as the former greeke word ãâã a ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã in which place Hope ãâã its stability and firmenes is comparââ to an Anker Therefore in regard ãâã Gods promising a remission of ãâã Sinnes why should we rest doubtfuââ thereof My second Argument shal be takââ from the seeming absurdity * Vrged bv Kempâit in Exam. Concil Trid. accompanying this your doctrine since ãâã doctrine seemeth to be absurd which ââuer teacheth a doubtfull hesitation ãâã fluctuation of a mans fayth touchiââ his owne saluation Arminius In soluing the first Argument ãâã must recurre partly to the state of ãâã Question aboue set downe True it is ãâã Fayth is most certayne neyther ãâã it be called Fayth by the which a ãâã giueth assent with any doubtfulââââ or feare to such thinges the which ââought to belieue But our Aduersaââââ Paralogisme or Fallacy resteth in ãâã that they assume as graÌted which ãâã can neuer prooue that remission Sinnes or iustification do properly ãâã âoly belong to fayth Agayne I say âââording to the state of the question ãâã granting a man to haue once true ãâã yet followeth it not that thereâââe he shall finally dye in state of true ãâã and then it followeth that if he ãâã not certaine of his finall perseueâââce in fayth he therefore is not cerâââne of his Election or Predestination Touching Hope It is most certaine âespect of God promising but in ãâã of mans indisposition and his âââkenes and frailty in performing the âânditions imposed by God Hope is ãâã languid and accompanied with âârtaine feare Touching your argument from ãâã supposed absurdity attending on ãâã doctrine herein I reply that the doctrine maintayned by vs thou ãâã taketh not away all feare yet it ãâã away all anxiety hesitation and ãâã doubtfulnes if he may be called ãâã who dare not giue assent to ãâã contrary part or opinion And as ãâã no good inference to argue thus ãâã man is not doubtfull nor anxious of the âââtainty of his Election therefore he is electâââ So
the hand In like sort those other most pernicious Theorems depending of the want of Freewill I meane the Positions of Certainty of Saluation and Reprobation what most dangerous effects doe they worke in mans Soule Do we not see by daily experience that they open the sluce to all turpitude of manners and Sensuality That man who is persuaded that he wanteth Freewill and that he is already and vnalterably from all Eternity eyther Predestinated or Reprobated what should stay him for ingulfyng himself in all enormous Crimes May he not vpon the grounds of his owne fayth thus iustly apologize for himselfe I want Freewill The ten q M. Fox Act. Mon. pag. 1â35 and D. Willes in Synops Pap. pag. 564. Commandements of God do not belong to me I am already either Predestinated to Heauen or Reprobated to Hell A vertuous life if I be of the number of the Reprobate cannot aduantage me nor the most facinorous course can preiudice me being Predestinated Why then should I be so vnkynd as deny my selfe the fruition of Pleasures though neuer so much prohibited in Gods word So thrall mancipated must such a man be to all Sinne and flagitious Impiety This no doubt is the Dialect or language in the which most men belieuing the former doctrines do expostulate with themselues in the secret of their owne Soules And daily experieÌce doth depose and sweare the certainty hereof And you the Learned Auditory here gathered together Happy you are in enioying the dayly Conference of this worthy man who hath indoctrinated you in the Truth of these former dogmaticall Points You see how affluently and abundantly he hath fortified these his doctrines from so many vnanswerââ word and besyd ãâ¦ã oâ Reason and of the most ãâã ãâã Protestants from all ãâã ãâã grounded ãâã from the ãâã word which ãâã ãâ¦ã hand oâ Time hath ãâã ãâã truth thereof to Posterity Keepe ãâã this Depositum with an vnalterable ââsolution and thinke that man to be ãâã a merâtricious and frontlesse bold ãâã who daâe oppose himselfe against ãâã foresaid both diuine and Humane ââthorities And England my most noble ãâã deare Country O that it were in ãâã power to dis-inchant their iudgmenâ liuing in thee of these pernicious ââctrines with which they stand yet ââwitched Is it not a point deseruing ãâã commiseration and pitty to obseruâ how many men in our owne Country of most eleuated Wits and furnishââ with all variety of literature do ãâã their full consent for their belieuing ãâã such exitiall and despeâtâ doctrinâââ Desperate I call them in regard of ãâã most desperate attempts and ãâã which diuers of the Belieuers of ãâã ãâã vnnaturally perpetrated against ãâ¦ã O how many through persuasion ãâã themselueâ are wholy Reprobated ãâã ãâã ãâã that it is not in their owne freedome of Will to concurre with ãâã Grace for the changing of their ãâã liues haue become their owne ãâ¦ã Thy selfe My deare Country ãâ¦ã it with vnutterable griefe ãâã become the sable and mournfull ãâã Theater vpon which diuers ãâã lamentable Tragedies haue beene âââcted But alas why should man seeke to conâine Gods Mercy which is like himselfe Infinit Endles and Interminable ãâã r Psalm 102. aterâs vsque in aternum misericordia eius super ââmentes se And what can discourage man from making his attonement with God with whom by truly and penitently confessing our ãâã be Sinners we cease to be Sinners Are any Persons here exempted No. For we reade Whosoeuer s Ezech. ââ shall depart from his wicked wayes and turne to ãâ¦ã him Is any tyme limited or prefixed for receauing his Mercy grant and ândulgence of ãâ¦ã lesse Yf ãâã u Esay ââ ãâã were ãâ¦ã they shall be ãâ¦ã Sâing ãâ¦ã ãâã nor ãâã nor Sinne is excluded ãâã of ãâ¦ã large and ãâã ãâã why ãâã nââ ãâã ãâã euen ãâã thing ãâã ãâã despayring doctrine of ãâã ãâã ãâã much ãâ¦ã the boundles Mercy of God ãâ¦ã and ãâ¦ã to him ãâã ãâ¦ã k 2. Cor. â ãâ¦ã But I âââre ãâ¦ã your âares ãâã ãâã ãâã worthy ãâã with a tedious âââcourse and therefore ââing the day ãâã far ãâã we must ãâ¦ã and ãâã ãâã âââeruing ãâ¦ã for the ãâã of your ãâã and ãâã back to the ãâã Arminius Good Enthusiastus â much ãâã that my speaches haue ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâ¦ã I pray God that ãâ¦ã company heere ãâã yet ãâã aduerse in doctrine to ãâ¦ã the lyke benefit by this our discourse That you are to depart so soone I much grieue and rest much âoubtfull whether we shall euer see ãâã another agayne during this tyme ãâã ãâã pâregâination But if so you be ââlling thereto after your returne into England we will in part supply the want of corporall familiarity by intercourse of mutuall and friendly letâârs by meanes whereof we may enioy as absently present the one the other y Virg. ãâã absentem video audio Enthusiastus Most willingly I accord thereto and with this these Gentlemen and I take of you and of this your Auditory our last Farewell Nay ãâ¦ã you ãâã ãâ¦ã of Worthy I will take my ãâ¦ã you to your ãâ¦ã Enthusââstus Once more theâ ãâ¦ã Company and I giue you ãâ¦ã well FINIS God saue the King