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reason_n day_n time_n week_n 2,306 5 9.4790 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A28318 The epitome of the whole art of husbandry comprising all necessary directions for the improvement of it ... : together with the gentlemans heroick exercise, discoursing of horses, their nature and use ... : to which is annexed by way of appendix, a new method of planting fruit trees and improving of an orchard / by J.B. Gent. Blagrave, Joseph, 1610-1682. 1669 (1669) Wing B3115; ESTC R28488 152,593 332

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in_o the_o further_a east_n part_n of_o the_o field_n from_o thence_o as_o they_o come_v in_o for_o their_o go_v upon_o the_o ground_n do_v much_o good_a and_o let_v the_o shepherd_n bring_v his_o sheep_n to_o the_o stake_n and_o the_o sheep_n will_v rub_v themselves_o on_o the_o stake_n and_o let_v the_o shepherd_n walk_v about_o they_o till_o they_o be_v set_v and_o so_o order_v they_o for_o two_o or_o three_o night_n and_o they_o will_v follow_v those_o stake_n as_o he_o flit_v they_o and_o set_v by_o they_o and_o if_o any_o ill_a weather_n come_v they_o will_v rise_v up_o and_o go_v to_o the_o hedge_n this_o manner_n of_o fold_v shall_v keep_v they_o from_o breed_v of_o mathes_n and_o scab_n nor_o in_o the_o least_o manner_n abate_v of_o their_o flesh_n it_o will_v also_o preserve_v they_o from_o rot_v in_o the_o morning_n let_v the_o shepherd_n put_v they_o out_o of_o their_o pasture_n he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o have_v any_o hurd●es_n or_o sheepfleck_n what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o ram_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o the_o ewe_n a_o husbandman_n as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v can_v so_o well_o thrive_v of_o his_o corn_n except_o he_o have_v other_o cattle_n nor_o by_o his_o cattle_n without_o corn_n for_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o buyer_n a_o borrower_n or_o a_o beggar_n and_o because_o that_o sheep_n in_o my_o opinion_n be_v the_o profitable_a cattle_n that_o a_o husbandman_n can_v have_v i_o shall_v discourse_v the_o more_o at_o large_a of_o they_o it_o will_v therefore_o first_o be_v a_o necessary_a thing_n for_o the_o husbandman_n or_o shepherd_n to_o know_v what_o time_n he_o shall_v put_v the_o ram_n to_o the_o ewe_n in_o this_o particular_a i_o must_v make_v a_o distinction_n for_o all_o time_n be_v not_o alike_o to_o put_v to_o the_o ram_n for_o upon_o the_o mistake_n of_o time_n there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a damage_n or_o loss_n for_o that_o man_n that_o have_v the_o best_a sheep-pasture_n for_o winter_n and_o some_o spring_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n he_o may_v suffer_v his_o ram_n to_o go_v with_o his_o ewe_n all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n to_o blissom_n or_o ride_v they_o when_o he_o will_v but_o for_o the_o common_a pasture_n it_o be_v time_n to_o put_v to_o his_o ram_n at_o the_o exaltation_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n for_o then_o the_o buck_n go_v to_o the_o rut_n and_o so_o will_v the_o ram._n but_o for_o the_o ordinary_a husbandman_n that_o have_v no_o pasture_n but_o the_o common_a field_n it_o be_v time_n enough_o at_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n and_o so_o for_o the_o poor_a husbandman_n of_o the_o peek_n and_o such_o other_o that_o dwell_v in_o hilly_a or_o high_a ground_n that_o have_v no_o pasture_n nor_o common_a field_n for_o they_o simon_n and_o judes_n day_n will_v be_v a_o very_a good_a time_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v this_o a_o ewe_n go_v with_o lamb_n twenty_o week_n and_o use_n to_o yean_v her_o lamb_n in_o the_o twenty_o first_o week_n and_o if_o she_o have_v not_o convenient_a new_a grass_n to_o eat_v she_o will_v want_v milk_n for_o her_o lamb_n for_o want_v of_o which_o there_o be_v many_o lamb_n that_o perish_v and_o be_v lose_v that_o through_o the_o leanness_n of_o the_o dam_n and_o their_o want_n of_o milk_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v their_o lamb_n so_o that_o in_o some_o hard_a country_n oftentimes_o they_o both_o die_v to_o make_v a_o ewe_n to_o love_v her_o lamb._n if_o the_o ewe_n have_v milk_n and_o will_v not_o love_v her_o lamb_n put_v she_o into_o a_o narrow_a place_n make_v of_o horde_n or_o of_o smooth_a trouse_n a_o yard_n wide_a and_o put_v the_o lamb_n to_o she_o to_o suck_v it_o and_o if_o the_o ewe_n strike_v or_o smite_v the_o lamb_n with_o her_o head_n bound_v her_o head_n with_o a_o hay-rope_n or_o cord_n to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o pen_n and_o if_o the_o lamb_n will_v not_o stand_v side-long_a call_v the_o ewe_n and_o give_v she_o a_o little_a hay_n and_o tie_v a_o dog_n by_o she_o that_o she_o may_v see_v he_o and_o this_o fright_n will_v in_o a_o short_a space_n cause_v she_o to_o love_v her_o lamb_n and_o if_o he_o have_v a_o lamb_n dead_a whereof_o the_o dam_n have_v much_o milk_n flay_v the_o lamb_n and_o tie_v that_o skin_n upon_o another_o lamb_n back_o that_o have_v a_o weak_a dam_n with_o little_a milk_n and_o put_v the_o good_a ewe_n and_o that_o lamb_n together_o in_o the_o pen_n and_o in_o one_o hour_n she_o will_v love_v the_o lamb_n and_o then_o he_o may_v take_v the_o weak_a ewe_n away_o and_o put_v she_o in_o another_o place_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v save_v both_o she_o and_o the_o lamb_n life_n at_o what_o time_n lamb_n shall_v be_v wean_v in_o some_o place_n they_o never_o sever_v the_o lamb_n from_o the_o dam_n which_o be_v for_o two_o cause_n one_o be_v in_o the_o best_a pasture_n where_o the_o ram_n go_v away_o with_o their_o ewe_n there_o it_o need_v not_o for_o the_o dam_n will_v grow_v dry_a and_o wean_v the_o lamb_n themselves_o another_o cause_n be_v he_o that_o have_v no_o sound_a pasture_n to_o put_v his_o lamb_n into_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v wean_v he_o must_v either_o sell_v they_o or_o let_v they_o suck_v as_o long_o as_o the_o dam_n will_v suffer_v they_o it_o be_v a_o common_a say_v that_o the_o lamb_n shall_v not_o rot_v as_o long_o as_o it_o suck_v except_o the_o dam_n want_v meat_n but_o he_o that_o have_v several_a and_o sound_a pasture_n it_o be_v time_n for_o such_o a_o one_o to_o wean_v his_o lamb_n when_o they_o be_v sixteen_o or_o eighteen_o week_n old_a at_o the_o far_a and_o the_o ewe_n shall_v again_o the_o better_a take_v the_o ram._n and_o the_o poor_a man_n of_o the_o peek_n country_n and_o such_o other_o place_n where_o they_o use_v to_o milk_v their_o ewe_n five_o or_o six_o week_n etc._n etc._n spoil_v their_o lamb_n so_o as_o that_o they_o be_v never_o so_o good_a as_o those_o that_o suck_v long_o and_o have_v meat_n enough_o to_o draw_v sheep_n and_o to_o sever_v they_o in_o divers_a part_n when_o the_o grazier_n have_v many_o sheep_n in_o his_o pasture_n it_o will_v be_v convenient_a for_o he_o to_o have_v a_o sheepfold_v make_v with_o a_o good_a hedge_n or_o a_o pale_a the_o which_o will_v easy_o receive_v all_o his_o sheep_n that_o go_v in_o one_o pasture_n in_o a_o dry_a place_n and_o adjoin_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o let_v he_o make_v another_o little_a fold_n that_o will_v contain_v ninty_a sheep_n or_o more_o and_o both_o these_o fold_n must_v have_v either_o of_o they_o a_o gate_n into_o either_o pasture_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o fold_n let_v he_o make_v another_o little_a fold_n that_o will_v receive_v forty_o sheep_n or_o more_o and_o between_o every_o fold_v a_o gate_n and_o when_o the_o sheep_n be_v in_o the_o great_a fold_n let_v forty_o of_o they_o or_o thereabouts_o come_v into_o the_o middle-fold_n and_o stake_v the_o gate_n and_o then_o let_v the_o shepherd_n turn_v they_o and_o look_v on_o every_o side_n and_o if_o he_o find_v any_o sheep_n that_o need_v any_o help_n or_o cure_v for_o any_o cause_n take_v that_o sheep_n with_o his_o hook_n and_o put_v he_o into_o the_o little_a fold_n and_o when_o that_o he_o have_v take_v all_o that_o need_v any_o cure_n then_o let_v he_o put_v the_o other_o into_o whether_o pasture_n he_o please_v and_o let_v as_o many_o in_o of_o the_o great_a fold_n and_o take_v as_o many_o in_o as_o need_v any_o handle_n and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o little_a fold_n and_o thus_o go_v they_o all_o over_o till_o that_o he_o have_v do_v and_o then_o let_v he_o melt_v grease_n and_o handle_v all_o those_o that_o he_o have_v draw_v and_o then_o shall_v not_o the_o great_a flock_n be_v tarry_v and_o keep_v from_o their_o meat_n and_o when_o he_o have_v cure_v they_o let_v he_o put_v they_o into_o their_o pasture_n to_o meddel_n tar._n let_v the_o shepherd_n tar_n be_v meddle_v with_o oil_n goose-grease_n or_o capon_n grease_n these_o three_o be_v the_o best_a for_o they_o will_v make_v the_o tar_n to_o run_v and_o spread_v abroad_o butter_n and_o swine_n grease_n when_o they_o be_v melt_v be_v good_a so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o salt_n for_o tar_n of_o itself_o be_v too_o sharp_a it_o be_v a_o fretter_n and_o no_o healer_n without_o it_o be_v meddle_v with_o some_o of_o these_o to_o make_v broom-salve_n a_o medicine_n to_o salve_v poor_a man_n sheep_n that_o think_v tar_n too_o costly_a the_o worth_n of_o which_o if_o some_o of_o the_o rich_a sort_n know_v they_o will_v make_v use_n of_o it_o let_v the_o shepherd_n take_v a_o shere_v full_a of_o broom_n crop_n leave_n
that_o may_v be_v know_v by_o her_o shap_n for_o that_o will_v twirl_n about_o and_o close_o again_o many_o time_n in_o a_o hour_n and_o then_o bring_v she_o to_o a_o horse_n and_o let_v she_o be_v with_o he_o a_o day_n or_o a_o night_n and_o that_o be_v sufficient_a for_o it_o be_v better_a to_o keep_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o mare_n then_o to_o go_v with_o they_o for_o divers_a cause_n and_o that_o more_o especial_o for_o that_o the_o horse_n shall_v be_v more_o lusty_a and_o more_o foal_v may_v be_v get_v but_o that_o husbandman_n that_o have_v many_o mare_n will_v have_v too_o little_a leisure_n to_o attend_v they_o but_o let_v they_o go_v together_o and_o happy_a be_v lucky_a some_o man_n do_v hold_v a_o opinion_n that_o put_v a_o horse_n to_o a_o mare_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o moon_n after_o it_o be_v prime_a that_o he_o shall_v get_v a_o horse-foal_n other_o hold_v the_o contrary_a that_o if_o a_o horse_n be_v put_v to_o a_o mare_n in_o the_o old_a of_o the_o moon_n he_o shall_v get_v horse-foals_a i_o hold_v that_o it_o make_v no_o matter_n whether_o for_o i_o have_v prove_v it_o that_o a_o mare_n be_v most_o able_a to_o bear_v the_o horse_n from_o may-day_n to_o st._n bartholomews_n day_n for_o i_o have_v have_v horse_n that_o have_v go_v into_o my_o mare_n both_o day_n and_o night_n and_o at_o the_o foal_v time_n i_o have_v have_v upon_o one_o day_n a_o horse-foal_n and_o on_o the_o next_o day_n and_o second_v a_o mare-foal_n and_o on_o the_o three_o and_o four_o day_n next_o after_o a_o horse-foal_n and_o on_o the_o next_o day_n or_o second_v a_o mare-foal_n and_o on_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n next_o after_o a_o horse_n again_o and_o so_o every_o week_n of_o both_o sort_n whereas_o by_o their_o opinion_n or_o reason_n i_o shall_v have_v fourteen_o day_n together_o horse-foals_a and_o other_o fourteen_o day_n together_o mare-foals_a but_o of_o one_o thing_n i_o be_o certain_a that_o some_o one_o horse_n will_v get_v more_o horse-foals_a than_o some_o other_o horse_n will_v do_v and_o likewise_o a_o mare_n will_v bear_v more_o mare-colt_n than_o some_o other_o mare_n will_v do_v though_o they_o be_v horse_v both_o with_o one_o horse_n neither_o can_v i_o give_v any_o reason_n why_o except_o the_o lustiness_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o it_o whether_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o domination_n but_o if_o the_o husbandman_n have_v mare_n of_o divers_a colour_n let_v he_o sever_v they_o in_o divers_a parcel_n and_o let_v he_o put_v to_o his_o white_a mare_n a_o gray_a horse_n and_o his_o gray_a mare_n a_o white_a horse_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o all_o white-skinned_n about_o the_o mouth_n and_o to_o a_o mare_n of_o colour_n that_o have_v no_o white_a upon_o she_o a_o colour_a horse_n that_o have_v much_o more_o white_a on_o he_o and_o to_o his_o colour_a mare_n a_o mean_a white_a horse_n of_o colour_n main_a white_a and_o thus_o shall_v the_o colt_n be_v well_o colour_v and_o if_o a_o white_a horse_n be_v put_v to_o a_o colour_a mare_n she_o shall_v have_v most_o common_o sandy_a colt_n like_o to_o a_o iron_n gray_a neither_o like_a sire_n nor_o dam._n howsoever_o i_o have_v know_v many_o mare_n that_o will_v have_v their_o colt_n like_o the_o horse_n that_o get_v it_o the_o which_o be_v against_o the_o kind_n of_o mare_n for_o a_o man_n have_v rather_o get_v one_o good_a horse_n then_o many_o mare_n that_o be_v not_o so_o likely_a to_o prove_v well_o to_o carry_v wood_n and_o other_o necessary_n in_o may_n when_o the_o husbandman_n have_v fallowed_a the_o ground_n and_o set_v out_o his_o sheep-fold_n and_o carry_v away_o the_o dung_n and_o muck_n if_o he_o have_v any_o wood_n coal_n or_o timber_n to_o carry_v or_o such_o other_o necessary_n that_o must_v needs_o be_v do_v with_o the_o cart_n or_o wain_n then_o be_v the_o time_n to_o do_v it_o for_o then_o the_o way_n be_v like_a to_o be_v fair_a and_o dry_a and_o the_o day_n long_o and_o at_o that_o time_n the_o husbandman_n have_v least_o to_o do_v in_o husbandry_n to_o carry_v out_o dung_n or_o muck_n and_o spread_v it_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o april_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o may_n be_v the_o time_n for_o the_o husbandman_n to_o carry_v out_o his_o dung_n or_o muck_n and_o to_o lay_v it_o upon_o his_o barley-ground_n and_o where_o he_o have_v barley_n this_o year_n let_v he_o sow_v it_o with_o wheat_n or_o rye_n and_o the_o next_o time_n that_o it_o be_v fallowed_a he_o shall_v mow_v all_o his_o land_n over_o at_o every_o second_o fallow_a but_o that_o husbandman_n that_o can_v find_v the_o mean_n to_o carry_v out_o his_o dung_n and_o do_v lay_v it_o upon_o his_o land_n after_o it_o be_v once_o stir_v it_o be_v much_o better_a for_o he_o then_o to_o lay_v it_o upon_o his_o fallow_a for_o divers_a cause_n one_o be_v that_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v upon_o his_o fallow_a all_o that_o fall_v upon_o the_o hollow_a ridge_n shall_v do_v little_a good_a for_o when_o it_o be_v ridge_v again_o it_o lie_v so_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v easy_o plough_v up_o again_o except_o that_o when_o he_o have_v spread_v it_o he_o will_v with_o a_o shovel_n or_o a_o spade_n cast_v out_o all_o that_o be_v fall_v in_o the_o ridge_n and_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o stir_a at_o every_o plough_v it_o shall_v meddle_v the_o dung_n and_o the_o earth_n together_o the_o which_o shall_v cause_v the_o corn_n to_o grow_v and_o increase_v much_o the_o better_o in_o some_o place_n they_o load_v not_o their_o dung_n till_o harvest_n be_v do_v this_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o darbyshire_n call_v scaresdale_n halonshire_n and_o so_o northwards_o towards_o york_n and_o rippon_n and_o that_o i_o call_v better_o than_o upon_o the_o fallow_a and_o especial_o for_o barley_n but_o upon_o the_o first_o stir_v it_o be_v best_o for_o wheat_n or_o rye_n and_o that_o the_o husbandman_n dung_n be_v lay_v upon_o small_a heap_n nigh_o together_o and_o to_o spread_v it_o even_o and_o to_o leave_v no_o dung_n there_o as_o the_o muck-heap_n stand_v for_o the_o moistness_n of_o the_o dung_n shall_v cause_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v rank_n enough_o and_o if_o it_o be_v meddle_v with_o earth_n it_o will_v last_v the_o long_o and_o better_a for_o barley_n then_o for_o wheat_n or_o rye_n because_o of_o weed_n horse-dung_n be_v the_o worst_a dung_n that_o be_v the_o dung_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n that_o chew_v their_o cud_n be_v very_o good_a and_o the_o dung_n of_o dove_n be_v best_a but_o it_o must_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o ground_n very_o thin_a the_o first_o stir_a in_o june_n be_v the_o time_n to_o rig_v up_o the_o fallow_a the_o which_o be_v cause_v the_o first_o stir_v and_o then_o let_v the_o husbandman_n plough_v it_o as_o deep_a as_o he_o can_v for_o to_o turn_v the_o root_n of_o the_o weed_n upward_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o dry_a wether_n may_v kill_v they_o for_o he_o can_v convenient_o plough_v his_o land_n and_o load_v out_o his_o dung_n both_o upon_o one_o day_n with_o one_o draught_n of_o beast_n but_o he_o may_v well_o enough_o load_v out_o his_o dung_n before_o noon_n and_o he_o may_v load_v hay_n or_o corn_n in_o the_o afternoon_n with_o the_o same_o draught_n with_o no_o hurt_n to_o his_o cattle_n because_o in_o load_v of_o hay_n or_o corn_n the_o cattle_n be_v always_o curry_v or_o bite_v which_o they_o can_v do_v in_o load_v of_o dung_n or_o plough_v the_o second_o stir_a in_o august_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n be_v the_o time_n for_o the_o husbandman_n to_o make_v his_o second_o stir_v and_o most_o common_o it_o be_v cast_v down_o and_o plough_v a_o main_a furrow_n not_o too_o deep_a and_o so_o he_o turn_v it_o clean_o but_o if_o it_o be_v cast_v it_o shall_v be_v water-furrowed_n between_o the_o land_n there_o where_o the_o rain_n use_v to_o be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v dry_a when_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v sow_o and_o if_o the_o land_n lie_v high_a in_o the_o rig_n and_o high_a at_o the_o rain_n and_o low_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o side_n that_o the_o water_n may_v not_o run_v easy_o into_o the_o rain_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o many_o place_n then_o let_v the_o husbandman_n set_v his_o plough_n three_o or_o four_o foot_n from_o the_o rig_n and_o cast_v all_o the_o rig_n on_o both_o side_n and_o when_o the_o rig_n be_v cast_v let_v he_o set_v his_o plough_n there_o as_o he_o begin_v up_o to_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o will_v the_o land_n both_o be_v cast_v and_o rig_v and_o
all_o at_o one_o plough_v and_o this_o shall_v cause_v the_o land_n to_o lie_v round_o when_o it_o be_v sow_o at_o the_o next_o time_n and_o thus_o shall_v the_o corn_n be_v save_v from_o drown_v to_o harrow_v all_o manner_n of_o corn._n when_o the_o land_n be_v plough_v and_o the_o corn_n sow_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v well_o harrow_v or_o else_o crow_n pigeon_n will_v eat_v devour_v and_o bear_v away_o the_o corn_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o many_o country_n to_o have_v all_o a_o ox-harrow_n the_o which_o be_v make_v of_o six_o small_a piece_n of_o timber_n call_v harrow-bull_n make_v either_o of_o ash_n or_o oak_n they_o be_v of_o two_o yard_n long_o and_o as_o much_o as_o the_o small_a of_o a_o man_n leg_n they_o have_v shot_n of_o wood_n put_v through_o they_o like_o lath_n and_o in_o every_o bull_n be_v six_o sharp_a piece_n of_o iron_n call_v harrow-tyndes_a set_v somewhat_o aslope_o forward_o and_o the_o forma_fw-la slope_n must_v be_v big_a than_o the_o other_o because_o the_o fore-beam_n must_v be_v fasten_v to_o the_o same_o with_o shackle_v or_o with_o a_o with_o to_o draw_v by_o this_o harrow_n be_v good_a to_o break_v the_o great_a clots_n and_o to_o make_v much_o mould_n and_o then_o the_o horse-harrow_n to_o come_v after_o to_o make_v the_o clots_n small_a and_o to_o lay_v the_o ground_n even_o it_o be_v a_o great_a labour_n and_o pain_n for_o the_o ox_n to_o go_v to_o harrow_n it_o be_v more_o easy_a and_o better_a for_o they_o to_o go_v to_o plough_v two_o day_n then_o to_o harrow_n one_o day_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n the_o ox_n be_v never_o woe_n till_o he_o to_o the_o harrow_n go_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o harrow_n go_v by_o twitch_n and_o not_o always_o after_o one_o draught_n the_o horse-harrow_n be_v make_v of_o five_o bull_n not_o above_o a_o ell_n of_o length_n and_o not_o so_o much_o shot_v &_o tind_v and_o when_o that_o the_o corn_n be_v well_o cover_v than_o it_o be_v harrow_v enough_o there_o be_v horse-harrow_n that_o have_v tinde_n of_o wood_n and_o those_o be_v use_v much_o about_o rippon_n and_o some_o other_o place_n where_o he_o may_v border_v stone_n for_o those_o stone_n will_v wear_v the_o iron_n too_o soon_o and_o those_o tinde_n be_v most_o common_o of_o the_o ground-end_n of_o a_o young_a ash_n they_o be_v more_o than_o a_o foot_n long_o in_o the_o beginning_n and_o stand_v as_o much_o above_o the_o harrow_n as_o beneath_o and_o as_o they_o wear_v or_o break_v they_o drive_v they_o down_o low_a they_o shall_v be_v make_v long_o before_o that_o they_o be_v use_v that_o they_o may_v be_v dry_a for_o than_o they_o will_v endure_v and_o last_v much_o better_a and_o stick_v the_o fast_o the_o horse_n that_o shall_v draw_v these_o harrow_n must_v be_v well_o keep_v and_o shod_a well_o or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v soon_o tire_v and_o sore_o beat_v that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v they_o must_v have_v homber_n or_o collar_n holmes_n writhe_v about_o their_o neck_n tress_n to_o draw_v by_o and_o a_o swingle-tree_n for_o to_o hold_v the_o tress_n and_o a_o togewith_o betwixt_o the_o swingle-tree_n and_o the_o harrow_n and_o if_o the_o barley-ground_n will_v not_o break_v with_o harrow_n but_o be_v clotty_a it_o shall_v be_v beat_v with_o maul_n and_o not_o straight_o down_o for_o then_o the_o corn_n will_v be_v beat_v into_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o they_o beat_v the_o clot_n on_o the_o side_n it_o will_v the_o better_o break_v and_o the_o clot_n will_v be_v the_o light_a that_o the_o corn_n may_v come_v by_o the_o light_a some_o use_n to_o roll_v their_o barley-ground_n after_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n to_o make_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v the_o even_a to_o mow_v to_o fallow_a when_o the_o husbandman_n have_v sow_o their_o pease_n bean_n barley_n and_o oat_n and_o harrow_v they_o it_o will_v be_v their_o best_a time_n to_o fallow_a in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o march_n or_o april_n for_o wheat_n rye_n and_o barley_n and_o let_v they_o do_v the_o best_a that_o they_o can_v to_o plough_v a_o broad_a furrow_n and_o deep_a so_o that_o they_o turn_v it_o clean_o and_o lay_v it_o flat_o that_o it_o rear_v not_o a_o edge_n the_o which_o will_v destroy_v all_o the_o thistle_n and_o weed_n for_o the_o deep_a and_o the_o broarder_n that_o it_o go_v the_o more_o new_a mould_n and_o the_o great_a clot_n shall_v they_o have_v and_o the_o great_a clot_n the_o better_a wheat_n for_o the_o clot_n keep_v the_o wheat_n warm_v all_o the_o winter_n but_o at_o march_n they_o will_v melt_v and_o break_v and_o fall_v into_o many_o small_a piece_n the_o which_o be_v a_o new_a dung_v and_o refresh_v the_o corn_n and_o likewise_o there_o shall_v be_v but_o few_o weed_n grow_v upon_o the_o fallow_n that_o be_v fallowed_a for_o the_o plough_n go_v underneath_o the_o root_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o weed_n and_o turn_v the_o root_n upward_o that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v fallowed_a in_o winter_n time_n it_o will_v be_v far_o the_o worse_a for_o these_o three_o cause_n one_o be_v all_o the_o rain_n that_o fall_v shall_v waste_v the_o land_n and_o drive_v away_o the_o dung_n and_o the_o good_a mould_n that_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v much_o the_o worse_o another_o cause_n be_v the_o rain_n shall_v beat_v the_o land_n so_o flat_a and_o bake_v it_o so_o hard_o together_o that_o a_o dry_a may_n come_v it_o will_v be_v too_o hard_a to_o stir_v in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n the_o three_o cause_n be_v the_o weed_n shall_v take_v such_o root_n in_o the_o stir_a time_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v clean_o turn_v underneath_o the_o which_o shall_v be_v a_o great_a hurt_n to_o the_o corn_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v sow_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o weed_n of_o the_o same_o and_o for_o any_o other_o thing_n make_v a_o deep_a hollow_a furrow_n in_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n and_o let_v the_o husbandman_n look_v well_o that_o the_o rest_v balk_v it_o not_o for_o if_o they_o do_v there_o will_v be_v many_o thistle_n and_o then_o they_o shall_v not_o make_v a_o clean_a ridge_n at_o the_o first_o stir_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v deep_o plough_v or_o else_o it_o will_v not_o turn_v the_o weed_n clean_a how_o to_o plough_v all_o manner_n of_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o plough_n be_v make_v &_o temper_v as_o i_o have_v already_o express_v it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o inform_v the_o young_a husbandman_n how_o he_o shall_v plough_v all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o epiphany_n it_o will_v be_v time_n for_o the_o husbandman_n to_o go_v to_o the_o plough_n and_o if_o he_o have_v any_o leys_n to_o fallow_a or_o sow_v oat_n upon_o first_o plough_v they_o that_o the_o grass_n and_o the_o moss_n may_v rot_v and_o plough_v they_o a_o deep_a square_a furrow_n and_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o ploughing_n let_v he_o look_v that_o his_o eye_n and_o his_o hand_n and_o his_o foot_n do_v agree_v and_o that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a the_o one_o to_o serve_v the_o other_o to_o turn_v up_o much_o mould_n and_o lay_v it_o flat_o that_o it_o rear_v not_o up_o a_o edge_n for_o if_o it_o rear_v a_o edge_n the_o grass_n and_o moss_n will_v not_o rot_v and_o if_o he_o sow_v it_o with_o winter-corn_n as_o wheat_n or_o rye_n as_o much_o corn_n as_o touch_v the_o moss_n will_v be_v drown_v for_o that_o the_o moss_n do_v keep_v such_o a_o wet_a and_o moisture_n in_o itself_o in_o some_o country_n if_o a_o man_n plough_v deep_a he_o shall_v pass_v the_o good_a ground_n and_o have_v but_o little_a corn_n but_o that_o country_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o man_n to_o keep_v husbandry_n upon_o but_o to_o rear_v and_o bring_v up_o cattle_n and_o sheep_n for_o otherwise_o they_o must_v go_v beat_v their_o ground_n with_o mattock_n as_o they_o do_v in_o several_a place_n in_o cornwall_n and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o devon-shire_n how_o to_o plough_v for_o pease_n and_o bean_n first_o the_o husbandman_n must_v take_v notice_n which_o be_v the_o most_o clayie_a ground_n let_v he_o plough_v that_o first_o but_o let_v it_o lie_v a_o good_a space_n before_o that_o he_o sow_v it_o because_o the_o frost_n the_o rain_n the_o wind_n and_o the_o sun_n may_v soon_o cause_v it_o to_o break_v small_a to_o make_v much_o mould_n and_o to_o ridge_n it_o and_o to_o plough_v a_o square_a furrow_n the_o breadth_n and_o the_o deepness_n all_o one_o and_o to_o lay_v it_o close_o to_o its_o fellow_n for_o the_o more_o furrow_n the_o more_o corn_n serve_v as_o have_v be_v say_v for_o a_o