correspondent_n to_o which_o 31._o the_o canon_n call_v apostolical_a 5._o and_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n ordain_v that_o if_o any_o presbyter_n set_v light_n by_o his_o own_o bishop_n shall_v withdraw_v and_o set_v up_o separate_a meeting_n and_o erect_v another_o altar_n i._n e._n say_v zonaras_n keep_v unlawful_a conventicle_n preach_v private_o and_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v depose_v as_o ambitious_a and_o tyrannical_a and_o the_o people_n communicate_v with_o he_o be_v excommunicate_a as_o be_v factious_a and_o schismatical_a only_o this_o not_o to_o be_v do_v till_o after_o the_o three_o admonition_n after_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v i_o may_v further_o show_v what_o esteem_n and_o value_v the_o first_o christian_n have_v of_o the_o lord_n day_n by_o those_o great_a and_o honourable_a thing_n they_o have_v speak_v concern_v it_o of_o which_o i_o will_v produce_v but_o two_o passage_n the_o one_o be_v that_o in_o the_o epistle_n ad_fw-la magnesios_n which_o if_o not_o ignatius_n must_v yet_o be_v acknowledge_v a_o ancient_a author_n 149._o let_v every_o one_o say_v he_o that_o love_v christ_n keep_v the_o lord_n day_n festival_n the_o resurrection_n day_n the_o queen_n and_o empress_n of_o all_o day_n in_o which_o our_o life_n be_v raise_v again_o and_o death_n conquer_v by_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n the_o other_o that_o of_o theophilus_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n 170._o who_o speak_v thus_o that_o both_o custom_n and_o reason_n challenge_v from_o we_o that_o we_o shall_v honour_v the_o lord_n day_n and_o keep_v it_o festival_n see_v on_o that_o day_n it_o be_v that_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n complete_v his_o resurrection_n from_o the_o dead_a next_o to_o the_o lord_n day_n the_o sabbath_n or_o saturday_n for_o so_o the_o word_n sabbatum_fw-la be_v constant_o use_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o father_n when_o speak_v of_o it_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o christian_n be_v hold_v by_o they_o in_o great_a veneration_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o eastern_a part_n honour_v with_o all_o the_o public_a solemnity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o gospel_n in_o those_o part_n main_o prevail_v among_o the_o jew_n they_o be_v general_o the_o first_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n they_o still_o retain_v a_o mighty_a reverence_n for_o the_o mosaic_a institution_n and_o especial_o for_o the_o sabbath_n as_o that_o which_o have_v be_v appoint_v by_o god_n himself_o as_o the_o memorial_n of_o his_o rest_n from_o the_o work_n of_o creation_n settle_v by_o their_o great_a master_n moses_n and_o celebrate_v by_o their_o ancestor_n for_o so_o many_o age_n as_o the_o solemn_a day_n of_o their_o public_a worship_n and_o be_v therefore_o very_o loath_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v whole_o antiquate_v and_o lay_v aside_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o prudence_n of_o those_o time_n as_o in_o other_o of_o the_o jewish_a rite_n so_o in_o this_o to_o indulge_v the_o humour_n of_o that_o people_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o sabbath_n as_o a_o day_n for_o religious_a office_n hence_o they_o usual_o have_v most_o part_n of_o divine_a service_n perform_v upon_o that_o day_n they_o meet_v together_o for_o public_a prayer_n for_o read_v the_o scripture_n celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o such_o like_a duty_n this_o be_v plain_a not_o only_o from_o some_o passage_n in_o ignatius_n and_o clemens_n his_o constitution_n but_o from_o writer_n of_o more_o unquestionable_a credit_n and_o authority_n init_fw-la athanasius_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o assemble_v on_o saturdays_n not_o that_o they_o be_v infect_v with_o judaisme_n but_o only_o to_o worship_n jesus_n christ_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o sabbath_n 312._o and_o socrates_n speak_v of_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o their_o public_a meeting_n call_v the_o sabbath_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n the_o weekly_a festival_n on_o which_o the_o congregation_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v in_o the_o church_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o divine_a service_n therefore_o the_o council_n of_o laodicea_n among_o other_o thing_n decree_v 51._o that_o upon_o saturday_n the_o gospel_n and_o other_o scripture_n shall_v be_v read_v that_o in_o lent_n the_o eucharist_n shall_v not_o be_v celebrate_v but_o upon_o saturday_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o upon_o those_o day_n only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o lent_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o commemorate_v and_o rehearse_v the_o name_n of_o martyr_n upon_o this_o day_n also_o aswell_o as_o upon_o sunday_n all_o fast_n be_v severe_o prohibit_v a_o infallible_a argument_n they_o count_v it_o a_o festival_n day_n one_o saturday_n in_o the_o year_n only_o except_v viz._n that_o before_o easter-day_n which_o be_v always_o observe_v as_o a_o solemn_a fast_o thing_n so_o common_o know_v as_o to_o need_v no_o proof_n but_o though_o the_o church_n think_v fit_a thus_o far_o to_o correspond_v with_o jewish_a convert_v as_o solemn_o to_o observe_v the_o sabbath_n yet_o to_o take_v away_o all_o offence_n and_o to_o vindicate_v themselves_o from_o compliance_n with_o judaisme_n they_o open_o declare_v that_o they_o do_v it_o only_o in_o a_o christian_a way_n and_o keep_v it_o not_o as_o a_o jewish_a sabbath_n as_o be_v express_o affirm_v by_o athanasius_n cement_n nazianzen_n and_o other_o and_o the_o forementioned_a laodicean_n synod_n have_v a_o canon_n to_o this_o purpose_n 835._o that_o christian_n shall_v not_o judaize_v 29._o and_o rest_n from_o all_o labour_n on_o the_o sabbath_n but_o follow_v their_o ordinary_a work_n i._n e._n so_o far_o as_o consist_v with_o their_o attendance_n upon_o the_o public_a assembly_n and_o shall_v not_o entertain_v such_o thought_n of_o it_o but_o that_o still_o they_o shall_v prefer_v the_o lord_n day_n before_o it_o and_o on_o that_o day_n rest_n as_o christian_n but_o if_o any_o be_v find_v to_o judaize_v they_o shall_v be_v accurse_v thus_o stand_v the_o case_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n in_o those_o of_o the_o west_n we_o find_v it_o somewhat_o different_a among_o they_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o a_o religious_a festival_n but_o keep_v as_o a_o constant_a fast_o the_o reason_n whereof_o as_o it_o be_v give_v by_o pope_n innonocent_a in_o a_o epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o eugubium_n where_o he_o treat_v of_o this_o very_a case_n seem_v most_o probable_a if_o vero_fw-la say_v he_o we_o commemorate_v christ_n resurrection_n not_o only_o at_o easter_n but_o every_o lord_n day_n and_o fast_o upon_o friday_n because_o it_o be_v the_o day_n of_o his_o passion_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o pass_v by_o saturday_n which_o be_v the_o middle-time_n between_o the_o day_n of_o grief_n and_o joy_n the_o apostle_n themselves_o spend_v those_o two_o day_n viz._n friday_n and_o the_o sabbath_n in_o great_a sorrow_n and_o heaviness_n and_o he_o think_v no_o doubt_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v but_o that_o the_o apostle_n fast_v upon_o those_o two_o day_n whence_o the_o church_n have_v a_o tradition_n that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o to_o be_v administer_v on_o those_o day_n and_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o every_o saturday_n or_o sabbath_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v a_o fast_a to_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o council_n of_o illiberis_n ordain_v 35._o that_o a_o saturday_n festival_n be_v a_o error_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v reform_v and_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o fast_o upon_o every_o sabbath_n but_o though_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o general_a practice_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o obtain_v in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o west_n alike_o in_o italy_n itself_o it_o be_v otherwise_o at_o milan_n where_o saturday_n be_v a_o festival_n praefixâ—_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o life_n of_o s._n ambrose_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o that_o see_v that_o he_o constant_o dine_v as_o well_o upon_o saturday_n as_o the_o lord_n day_n it_o be_v his_o custom_n to_o dine_v upon_o no_o other_o day_n but_o those_o and_o the_o memorial_n of_o the_o martyr_n and_o use_v also_o upon_o that_o day_n to_o preach_v to_o the_o people_n though_o so_o great_a be_v the_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n of_o that_o good_a man_n that_o he_o bind_v not_o up_o himself_o in_o these_o indifferent_a thing_n but_o when_o he_o be_v at_o milan_n he_o dine_v upon_o saturday_n and_o when_o he_o be_v at_o rome_n he_o fast_v as_o they_o do_v upon_o those_o day_n 2._o this_o s._n augustine_n assure_v we_o he_o have_v from_o his_o own_o mouth_n for_o when_o his_o mother_n monica_n come_v after_o he_o to_o milan_n where_o he_o then_o reside_v she_o be_v great_o trouble_v to_o find_v the_o saturday_n fast_v not_o keep_v there_o as_o she_o have_v find_v it_o in_o other_o place_n for_o her_o satisfaction_n he_o immediate_o go_v to_o consult_v s._n ambrose_n than_o bishop_n of_o that_o place_n who_o tell_v he_o he_o can_v give_v he_o no_o better_o
necessary_a to_o be_v defer_v so_o long_o and_o that_o it_o be_v their_o universal_a judgement_n and_o resolution_n that_o the_o mercy_n and_o grace_n of_o god_n be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v to_o any_o though_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v bear_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o council_n that_o none_o ought_v to_o be_v forbid_v baptism_n and_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n which_o as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o retain_v towards_o all_o man_n so_o much_o more_o towards_o infant_n and_o newborn_a child_n 108._o and_o that_o this_o sentence_n of_o they_o be_v no_o novel_a doctrine_n s._n augustine_n assure_v we_o where_o speak_v concern_v this_o synodical_a determination_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o this_o cyprian_a do_v not_o make_v any_o new_a decree_n but_o keep_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n most_o firm_a and_o sure_a i_o shall_v only_o take_v notice_n of_o one_o place_n more_o out_o of_o cyprian_a 171._o which_o methinks_v evident_o make_v for_o this_o purpose_n where_o describe_v the_o great_a wickedness_n and_o miserable_a condition_n of_o the_o lapse_v such_o as_o to_o avoid_v persecution_n have_v do_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o idol_n he_o urge_v this_o as_o one_o of_o the_o last_o and_o high_a aggravation_n that_o by_o their_o apostasy_n their_o infant_n and_o child_n be_v expose_v to_o ruin_v and_o have_v lose_v that_o which_o they_o have_v obtain_v at_o their_o first_o come_v into_o the_o world_n which_o whether_o he_o mean_v it_o of_o their_o right_n to_o baptism_n or_o their_o have_v be_v actual_o baptize_v and_o lose_v the_o fruit_n and_o benefit_n of_o their_o baptism_n be_v all_o one_o to_o my_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o he_o bring_v they_o in_o thus_o elegant_o plead_v against_o their_o parent_n at_o the_o great_a day_n '_o it_o be_v no_o fault_n of_o we_o we_o do_v not_o of_o ourselves_o forsake_v the_o sacrament_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o run_v over_o to_o join_v with_o profane_a impiety_n the_o unfaithfulness_n of_o other_o have_v undo_v we_o we_o have_v find_v our_o parent_n to_o be_v murderer_n they_o deny_v we_o god_n for_o our_o father_n and_o the_o church_n for_o our_o mother_n for_o while_o we_o alas_o be_v little_a unable_a to_o take_v any_o care_n of_o ourselves_o and_o ignorant_a of_o so_o great_a a_o wickedness_n we_o be_v ensnare_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o other_o and_o by_o they_o betray_v into_o a_o partnership_n of_o their_o impiety_n this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o infant_n but_o those_o who_o make_v up_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o baptize_v in_o those_o day_n be_v adult_a person_n who_o flock_v over_o daily_o in_o great_a number_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n be_v receive_v in_o at_o this_o door_n usual_o they_o be_v for_o some_o considerable_a time_n catechize_v and_o train_v up_o in_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n till_o have_v give_v testimony_n of_o their_o proficiency_n in_o knowledge_n to_o the_o bishop_n or_o presbyter_n 46._o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o take_v their_o examination_n and_o to_o who_o they_o be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n once_o a_o week_n of_o what_o they_o have_v learn_v and_o of_o a_o sober_a and_o regular_a conversation_n they_o then_o become_v candidate_n for_o baptism_n and_o be_v according_o take_v in_o which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o next_o circumstance_n considerable_a concern_v the_o time_n when_o baptism_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v administer_v at_o first_o all_o time_n be_v alike_o and_o person_n be_v baptize_v as_o opportunity_n and_o occasion_n serve_v but_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n be_v a_o little_a settle_a it_o begin_v to_o be_v restrain_v to_o two_o solemn_a and_o state_v time_n of_o the_o year_n viz._n easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n 232_o at_o easter_n in_o memory_n of_o christ_n death_n and_o resurrection_n correspondent_a unto_o which_o be_v the_o two_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a life_n represent_v and_o shadow_v out_o in_o baptism_n die_v unto_o sin_n and_o rise_v again_o unto_o newness_n of_o life_n 6._o in_o order_n to_o which_o the_o party_n to_o be_v baptize_v be_v to_o prepare_v themselves_o by_o a_o strict_a observation_n of_o lent_n dispose_v and_o fitr_v themselves_o for_o baptism_n by_o fast_v and_o prayer_n in_o some_o place_n particular_o the_o church_n of_o thessaly_n 287._o easter_n be_v the_o only_a time_n for_o baptism_n as_o socrates_n tell_v we_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o many_o among_o they_o die_v unbaptise_v but_o this_o be_v a_o usage_n peculiar_a to_o they_o alone_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n as_o zonaras_n tell_v we_o be_v for_o person_n to_o be_v baptize_v especial_o upon_o the_o saturday_n before_o easter-day_n laod._n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o this_o be_v the_o great_a or_o holy_a sabbath_n and_o the_o mid-time_n between_o the_o day_n whereon_o christ_n be_v bury_v and_o that_o whereon_o he_o rise_v again_o do_v fitly_o correspond_v with_o the_o mystery_n of_o baptism_n as_o it_o be_v the_o type_n and_o representation_n both_o of_o our_o lord_n burial_n and_o resurrection_n at_o whitsuntide_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v shed_v upon_o the_o apostle_n the_o same_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n represent_v and_o convey_v in_o baptism_n when_o i_o say_v that_o these_o be_v the_o two_o fix_a time_n of_o baptism_n i_o do_v not_o strict_o mean_v it_o of_o the_o precise_a day_n of_o easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n but_o also_o of_o the_o whole_a intermediate_v space_n of_o fifty_o day_n that_o be_v between_o they_o which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n account_v festival_n and_o baptism_n administer_v during_o the_o whole_a time_n as_o i_o have_v former_o note_v 654._o beside_o these_o nazianzen_n reckon_v the_o feast_n of_o epiphany_n as_o a_o annual_a time_n of_o baptism_n probable_o in_o memory_n either_o of_o the_o birth_n or_o baptism_n of_o our_o saviour_n both_o which_o ancient_o go_v under_o that_o title_n this_o may_v be_v the_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n but_o i_o question_v whether_o it_o be_v universal_a beside_o that_o afterward_o it_o be_v prohibit_v and_o lay_v aside_o but_o though_o person_n in_o health_n and_o the_o space_n that_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o catechuman_n may_v well_o enough_o comport_v with_o these_o annual_a return_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n as_o in_o case_n of_o sickness_n and_o danger_n of_o death_n they_o may_v be_v baptize_v at_o any_o other_o time_n for_o find_v themselves_o at_o any_o time_n surprise_v with_o a_o dangerous_a or_o a_o mortal_a sickness_n and_o not_o dare_v to_o pass_v into_o another_o world_n without_o this_o badge_n of_o their_o initiation_n into_o christ_n they_o present_o signify_v their_o earnest_a desire_n to_o be_v baptize_v which_o be_v according_o do_v as_o well_o as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o a_o sick_a bed_n will_v permit_v these_o be_v call_v clinici_fw-la of_o who_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n in_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o church_n because_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d baptize_v as_o they_o lie_v along_o in_o their_o bed_n this_o be_v account_v a_o less_o solemn_a and_o perfect_a kind_n of_o baptism_n partly_o because_o it_o be_v do_v not_o by_o immersion_n but_o by_o sprinkle_v partly_o because_o person_n be_v suppose_v at_o such_o a_o time_n to_o desire_v it_o chief_o out_o of_o a_o fear_n of_o death_n and_o many_o time_n when_o not_o thorough_o master_n of_o their_o understanding_n for_o which_o reason_n person_n so_o baptize_v if_o they_o recover_v be_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o neocaesarean_a council_n render_v ordinary_o incapable_a of_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o presbyter_n in_o the_o church_n 12._o indeed_o it_o be_v very_o usual_a in_o those_o time_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o father_n do_v solemn_o and_o smart_o declaim_v against_o it_o for_o person_n to_o defer_v their_o be_v baptize_v till_o they_o be_v near_o their_o death_n out_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o novation_n principle_n that_o if_o they_o fall_v into_o sin_n after_o baptism_n there_o will_v be_v no_o place_n for_o repentance_n mistake_v that_o place_n of_o the_o apostle_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o they_o who_o have_v be_v once_o enlighten_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o the_o ancient_n general_o understand_v of_o baptism_n fall_v away_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o renew_v they_o again_o unto_o repentance_n 557._o for_o some_o such_o reason_n we_o may_v suppose_v it_o be_v that_o constantine_n the_o great_a defer_v his_o baptism_n till_o he_o lie_v a_o die_n 161._o the_o same_o which_o socrates_n relate_v of_o his_o son_n constantius_n baptize_v a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n and_o the_o like_a he_o report_v of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n 262._o who_o apprehend_v himself_o to_o be_v arrest_v with_o a_o mortal_a sickness_n present_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v baptize_v
careful_a to_o shun_v all_o occasion_n and_o appearance_n of_o lightness_n and_o immodesty_n whatever_o might_n tend_v to_o inveigle_v their_o sense_n and_o to_o debauch_v their_o mind_n and_o manner_n nay_o whatever_o might_n but_o give_v a_o suspicion_n of_o wantonness_n and_o incontinence_n they_o decline_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v go_v to_o all_o public_a meeting_n such_o as_o feast_n play_n show_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o cyprian_n severe_o chide_v with_o some_o virgin_n for_o be_v present_a at_o wedding_n 167._o where_o they_o laugh_v free_o can_v not_o but_o hear_v loose_a discourse_n see_v uncomely_a carriage_n feed_v upon_o luxurious_a dish_n all_o which_o must_v needs_o not_o only_o kindle_v but_o add_v fuel_n to_o the_o fire_n and_o fill_v their_o mind_n with_o indecent_a thought_n and_o desire_n 1._o s._n hierom_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n do_v as_o much_o commend_v some_o who_o he_o know_v who_o always_o keep_v at_o home_n on_o festival_n day_n to_o avoid_v the_o crowd_n and_o gaze_n of_o the_o people_n and_o will_v never_o go_v abroad_o at_o those_o time_n when_o they_o can_v not_o venture_v into_o the_o public_a without_o the_o great_a care_n and_o custody_n over_o themselves_o for_o this_o reason_n constantine_n make_v a_o law_n that_o matron_n shall_v not_o be_v force_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o debt_n to_o come_v out_o of_o their_o own_o house_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o public_a tribunal_n 1._o but_o that_o the_o business_n shall_v be_v decide_v in_o such_o way_n as_o may_v not_o betray_v the_o modesty_n of_o that_o sex_n and_o when_o afterward_o the_o fervour_n of_o christianity_n begin_v to_o abate_v apace_o and_o person_n have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n lose_v that_o huge_a reverence_n which_o former_a time_n have_v for_o continence_n and_o chastity_n 3._o theodosius_n to_o restrain_v they_o a_o little_a within_o the_o bound_n of_o decency_n loc_n provide_v by_o a_o law_n that_o no_o woman_n of_o what_o quality_n or_o rank_n soever_o shall_v marry_v again_o within_o a_o year_n at_o least_o i.e._n within_o twelve_o full_a month_n whereas_o under_o the_o old_a roman_a law_n the_o time_n of_o mourning_n be_v but_o ten_o as_o a_o learned_a interpreter_n of_o that_o law_n observe_v after_o her_o husband_n death_n and_o this_o he_o ratify_v by_o a_o double_a penalty_n a_o note_n of_o perpetual_a infamy_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o offend_a person_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o her_o whole_a dower_n and_o whatever_o estate_n her_o husband_n have_v bequeath_v she_o which_o be_v to_o go_v to_o the_o child_n she_o have_v by_o he_o or_o if_o none_o to_o his_o next_o of_o kin_n tâ—ull_a by_o the_o laodicean_n council_n not_o only_a clergyman_n and_o such_o as_o have_v enter_v upon_o a_o state_n of_o continency_n 77._o but_o all_o christian_a man_n whatsoever_o be_v forbid_v to_o use_v the_o same_o common_a bath_n with_o woman_n and_o for_o very_o good_a reason_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n as_o zonaras_n observe_v both_o shameful_a and_o uncomely_a in_o itself_o and_o pernicious_a in_o its_o consequence_n for_o how_o easy_o do_v a_o unlawful_a flame_n kindle_v from_o such_o a_o spark_n and_o when_o humane_a nature_n be_v of_o itself_o so_o ready_a to_o boil_v over_o who_o will_v pour_v oil_n upon_o the_o fire_n a_o thing_n ever_o look_v upon_o as_o repugnant_a to_o all_o the_o law_n of_o modesty_n yea_o even_o by_o they_o that_o be_v without_o this_o be_v say_v the_o council_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a thing_n which_o the_o very_a heathen_n condemn_v and_o for_o which_o they_o censure_v and_o reproach_v we_o parallel_v to_o this_o photius_n and_o his_o commentator_n balsamon_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n 104._o make_v it_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o divorce_n and_o lose_v her_o dowry_n for_o a_o woman_n either_o to_o feast_v or_o bathe_v in_o the_o company_n of_o other_o man_n without_o the_o leave_n and_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n indeed_o in_o the_o first_o and_o pure_a time_n they_o take_v all_o imaginable_a care_n that_o unmarried_a person_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v of_o ecclesiastical_a cognizance_n or_o have_v devote_v themselves_o to_o a_o severe_a course_n of_o piety_n shall_v not_o common_o converse_v together_o 1._o cyprian_a writing_n to_o pomponius_n about_o the_o virgin_n that_o have_v take_v profession_n of_o continence_n upon_o they_o but_o live_v too_o familiar_o with_o some_o person_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n carthag_n charge_v he_o that_o man_n and_o virgin_n shall_v not_o only_o not_o sleep_v near_o one_o another_o 4._o but_o not_o dwell_v together_o in_o the_o same_o house_n lest_o the_o infirmity_n of_o their_o sex_n and_o the_o slipperiness_n of_o their_o youth_n shall_v betray_v they_o into_o the_o snare_n of_o the_o devil_n wherefore_o he_o commend_v pomponius_n for_o have_v suspend_v the_o deacon_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o have_v keep_v such_o familiar_a correspondence_n with_o those_o virgin_n and_o order_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v absolve_v till_o they_o have_v sufficient_o testify_v their_o repentance_n and_o make_v it_o appear_v by_o satisfactory_a evidence_n that_o no_o unlawful_a familiarity_n have_v pass_v between_o they_o and_o that_o if_o ever_o they_o return_v to_o the_o like_a co-habitation_n great_a penalty_n shall_v be_v inflict_v upon_o they_o the_o foundation_n of_o which_o ill_a custom_n doubtless_o spring_v or_o at_o least_o take_v encouragement_n from_o hence_o in_o those_o first_o time_n of_o christianity_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o clergyman_n such_o especial_o as_o be_v send_v up_o and_o down_o to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o have_v some_o grave_n and_o sober_a woman_n along_o with_o they_o who_o may_v be_v helpful_a and_o assist_v to_o they_o and_o who_o be_v neither_o wife_n nor_o concubine_n but_o take_v in_o either_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o necessary_a attendance_n or_o the_o pretence_n of_o piety_n these_o woman_n in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o church_n wherein_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n of_o they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o be_v bring_v in_o take_v into_o the_o house_n as_o domestic_a assistant_n to_o ecclesiastic_a person_n but_o this_o prove_a matter_n of_o scandal_n and_o inconvenience_n be_v not_o only_o cry_v out_o against_o by_o private_a father_n but_o by_o public_a synod_n the_o council_n of_o antioch_n hold_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelian_a the_o emperor_n euseb_n anno_fw-la two_o hundred_o seventy_o and_o two_o 281._o in_o a_o synodical_a epistle_n wherein_o they_o censure_v the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o paulus_n samosatenus_fw-la condemn_v this_o among_o the_o rest_n that_o he_o and_o his_o presbyter_n and_o deacon_n keep_v these_o introduce_v woman_n whereby_o horrible_a inconvenience_n do_v arise_v for_o beside_o the_o snare_n and_o temptation_n of_o it_o although_o they_o shall_v keep_v themselves_o innocent_a yet_o they_o can_v not_o avoid_v the_o suspicion_n and_o scandal_n that_o will_v arise_v and_o the_o danger_n of_o draw_v in_o other_o by_o their_o bad_a example_n paregor_n for_o which_o reason_n s._n basil_n write_v to_o a_o old_a presbyter_n in_o his_o diocese_n to_o abstain_v from_o the_o company_n of_o a_o woman_n with_o who_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o cohabit_v presbyt_fw-la not_o so_o much_o to_o avoid_v temptation_n to_o incontinence_n the_o man_n be_v then_o seventy_o year_n of_o age_n as_o that_o he_o may_v not_o lay_v a_o stumble_a stone_n 216._o and_o occasion_n of_o offence_n in_o his_o brother_n way_n the_o same_o be_v universal_o forbid_v by_o the_o great_a council_n of_o nice_a zonar_n and_o no_o man_n within_o the_o clergy_n allow_v to_o have_v any_o woman_n near_o he_o unless_o his_o mother_n his_o sister_n or_o his_o aunt_n or_o such_o only_a of_o who_o there_o can_v be_v no_o suspicion_n as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o three_o canon_n of_o that_o council_n in_o the_o ancient_a version_n whereof_o these_o mulieres_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v style_v extraneae_fw-la stranger_n by_o which_o name_n they_o be_v also_o call_v in_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n 44._o prohibit_v any_o clergyman_n whatsoever_o to_o keep_v company_n with_o these_o strange-woman_n limit_v their_o converse_n and_o cohabitation_n within_o the_o very_a same_o relation_n to_o which_o they_o be_v restrain_v by_o the_o nicene_n canon_n which_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v that_o emperor_n have_v in_o his_o eye_n when_o he_o make_v that_o constitution_n synop_n and_o because_o bishop_n be_v the_o high_a order_n in_o the_o church_n 3._o therefore_o that_o their_o honour_n may_v be_v especial_o secure_v 29._o care_n be_v take_v that_o no_o bishop_n under_o penalty_n of_o be_v depose_v shall_v entertain_v or_o cohabit_v with_o any_o woman_n whatsoever_o either_o relation_n or_o stranger_n that_o so_o all_o pretence_n either_o of_o temptation_n or_o scandal_n may_v be_v cut_v off_o for_o the_o
imprimatur_fw-la sam._n parker_n reverendissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la ac_fw-la domino_fw-la domino_fw-la gilberto_n archiep._n cantuar._n à _fw-la sac_fw-la dom_n exit_fw-la aedibus_fw-la lambeth_n septemb_n 12._o 1672._o primitive_a christianity_n in_o 3_o part_n learn_v of_o i_o math._n 11._o 29._o london_n print_v for_o r._n chiswell_n at_o the_o rose_n &_o crown_n in_o st_n paul_n churchyard_n primitive_a christianity_n or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o three_o part_n by_o william_n cave_n d_o d._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d just_a mart._n paraene_n ad_fw-la graec._n p._n 33._o nos_fw-la non_fw-la habitu_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la sed_fw-la ment_fw-la praeferimus_fw-la non_fw-la eloquimur_fw-la magna_fw-la sed_fw-la vivimus_fw-la minuc_fw-la foel_n dial_n pag._n 31._o the_o second_o edition_n london_n print_v by_o j._n m._n for_o richard_n chiswell_n at_o the_o rose_n and_o crown_n in_o s._n paul_n churchyard_n 1675._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n nathanael_n lord_n bishop_n of_o oxford_n and_o clerk_n of_o the_o closet_n to_o his_o majesty_n my_o lord_n when_o i_o first_o design_v that_o these_o paper_n shall_v take_v sanctuary_n at_o your_o lordship_n patronage_n the_o hebrew_n proverb_n present_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n keep_v close_o to_o a_o great_a man_n 〈◊〉_d and_o man_n will_v reverence_v thou_o i_o know_v no_o better_a way_n next_o to_o the_o innocency_n 8._o and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v usefulness_n of_o the_o subject_n i_o have_v undertake_v to_o secure_v myself_o from_o the_o censure_n of_o envy_n and_o ill_a nature_n than_o by_o put_v myself_o under_o your_o protection_n who_o know_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sweetness_n and_o obligingness_n of_o who_o temper_n be_v able_a to_o render_v malice_n itself_o candid_a and_o favourable_a encourage_v also_o by_o this_o consideration_n i_o harden_v myself_o into_o the_o confidence_n of_o this_o address_n which_o i_o have_v not_o otherwise_o attempt_v but_o that_o your_o lordship_n kindness_n and_o generous_a compassion_n and_o the_o mighty_a condescension_n wherewith_o you_o be_v always_o please_v to_o treat_v i_o while_o i_o have_v the_o happiness_n of_o your_o lordship_n neighbourhood_n do_v at_o once_o invite_v and_o oblige_v i_o to_o it_o i_o say_v no_o more_o lest_o i_o shall_v affront_v that_o modesty_n that_o be_v so_o innate_a to_o your_o temper_n or_o come_v within_o the_o least_o suspicion_n of_o flattery_n so_o repugnant_a to_o my_o own_o one_o thing_n only_o there_o be_v which_o i_o can_v but_o remark_n the_o great_a honour_n which_o your_o lordship_n have_v do_v not_o to_o the_o episcopal_a only_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a ministerial_a order_n that_o a_o person_n of_o your_o rank_n and_o education_n will_v stoop_v to_o a_o employment_n so_o little_o value_v and_o regard_v in_o this_o unthankful_a and_o degenerate_a age._n and_o herein_o your_o lordship_n have_v be_v a_o happy_a precedent_n your_o example_n be_v already_o follow_v by_o some_o and_o will_v short_o by_o more_o person_n of_o noble_a descent_n and_o pedigree_n a_o thing_n for_o which_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v never_o more_o renown_v since_o the_o reformation_n than_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n my_o lord_n there_o be_v a_o time_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o memmory_n when_o the_o bishop_n among_o other_o thing_n be_v accuse_v by_o one_o of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n 183._o though_o one_o that_o have_v not_o the_o most_o reason_n to_o bring_v in_o a_o charge_n of_o that_o nature_n to_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o parentage_n de_fw-fr faece_fw-la populi_fw-la of_o the_o very_a dregs_o and_o refuse_v of_o the_o people_n malice_n will_v play_v at_o small_a game_n rather_o than_o not_o at_o all_o a_o charge_n as_o false_a as_o it_o be_v spiteful_a though_o have_v it_o be_v true_a it_o have_v be_v impertinent_a see_v the_o very_a order_n be_v enough_o to_o derive_v honour_n upon_o the_o person_n even_o when_o he_o can_v as_o your_o lordship_n bring_v it_o along_o with_o he_o and_o indeed_o so_o honourable_a a_o order_n have_v episcopacy_n ever_o be_v account_v even_o when_o there_o have_v be_v no_o visible_a advantage_n either_o of_o riches_n or_o grandeur_n to_o attend_v it_o as_o there_o be_v not_o in_o the_o more_o early_a age_n of_o christianity_n that_o person_n of_o the_o great_a birth_n and_o fortune_n have_v not_o think_v it_o below_o they_o to_o exchange_v the_o civil_a tribunal_n for_o the_o bishop_n throne_n and_o to_o lay_v down_o the_o public_a rod_n and_o axe_n to_o take_v up_o the_o crosier_n and_o the_o pedum_n pastorale_n if_o we_o may_v credit_v that_o catalogue_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n record_v by_o nicephorus_n 541._o we_o find_v dometius_n brother_n to_o the_o emperor_n probus_n and_o after_o he_o his_o two_o son_n probus_n and_o metrophanes_n successive_o sit_v in_o that_o chair_n as_o afterward_o nectarius_n s._n chrysostoms_n predecessor_n be_v of_o a_o senator_n make_v bishop_n of_o that_o see_n thalassius_n become_v bishop_n of_o caesarea_n when_o he_o be_v a_o senator_n the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la or_o the_o emperor_n lieutenant_n one_o of_o the_o high_a place_n both_o of_o trust_n and_o honour_n in_o the_o roman_a empire_n of_o illyricum_n and_o rise_v to_o great_a dignity_n be_v design_v by_o the_o emperor_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o east_n s._n ambrose_n who_o father_n be_v a_o illustrious_a person_n the_o praefect_n of_o france_n be_v make_v governor_n of_o liguria_n and_o aemilia_n and_o send_v thither_o with_o consular_a power_n and_o dignity_n during_o which_o employment_n he_o be_v make_v bishop_n of_o milan_n petronius_n bishop_n of_o bononia_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v first_o a_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la and_o to_o descend_v of_o the_o family_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a sidonius_n apollinaris_n descend_v for_o many_o generation_n of_o noble_a and_o illustrious_a parent_n his_o father_n the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la of_o gaul_n himself_o son-in-law_n to_o avitus_n a_o person_n of_o extraordinary_a honour_n and_o employment_n and_o afterward_o consul_n and_o emperor_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o disdain_v not_o to_o become_v bishop_n of_o clermont_n in_o france_n more_o such_o instance_n i_o can_v give_v not_o to_o speak_v of_o multitude_n that_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o late_a age_n of_o the_o church_n especial_o in_o our_o own_o nation_n but_o i_o return_v my_o lord_n i_o behold_v religion_n general_o lay_v waste_n and_o christianity_n ready_a to_o draw_v its_o last_o breath_n stifle_v and_o oppress_v with_o the_o vice_n and_o impiety_n of_o a_o debauch_a and_o profligate_v age._n to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o recovery_n whereof_o and_o the_o reduce_v thing_n if_o possible_a to_o the_o ancient_a standard_n be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o book_n that_o be_v here_o offer_v to_o you_o the_o subject_n i_o assure_v myself_o be_v not_o unsuitable_a either_o to_o your_o lordship_n order_n temper_n or_o course_n of_o life_n if_o my_o ill_a managery_n of_o it_o have_v not_o render_v it_o unworthy_a of_o your_o patronage_n however_o such_o as_o it_o be_v it_o be_v humble_o present_v by_o he_o who_o be_v your_o lordship_n faithful_o devote_a servant_n william_n cave_n the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v any_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o reader_n to_o understand_v the_o birth_n and_o original_n of_o these_o paper_n if_o it_o be_v let_v he_o take_v this_o account_n no_o soon_o do_v i_o arrive_v at_o year_n capable_a of_o discern_v but_o i_o begin_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o religion_n into_o which_o i_o have_v be_v baptize_v which_o i_o soon_o find_v to_o be_v so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a in_o all_o its_o law_n so_o just_a and_o rational_a in_o all_o its_o design_n so_o 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contrary_a
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novelty_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o christianity_n christianity_n except_v and_o cry_v out_o against_o as_o a_o late_a novel_a doctrine_n this_o a_o common_a charge_n continue_v when_o christianity_n have_v be_v some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n christianity_n great_o prejudice_v by_o this_o charge_n man_n loath_a to_o forsake_v the_o religion_n of_o their_o ancestor_n what_o the_o christian_n answer_v to_o it_o christian_n religion_n the_o same_o in_o substance_n and_o effect_n with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n in_o that_o respect_n by_o far_o the_o old_a religion_n in_o the_o world_n prove_v and_o urge_v by_o tertullian_n cl._n alexander_n eusebius_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v lateness_n and_o novelty_n no_o real_a prejudice_n to_o rational_a and_o unbiased_a man_n the_o folly_n and_o vanity_n of_o adhere_v to_o absurd_a and_o unreasovable_a custom_n and_o principle_n because_o ancient_a and_o of_o refuse_v to_o change_v opinion_n for_o the_o better_a a_o objection_n if_o christ_n and_o christianity_n be_v so_o great_a blessing_n to_o mankind_n why_o be_v it_o so_o long_o before_o god_n reveal_v they_o answer_v out_o of_o arnobius_n this_o artifice_n prove_v weak_a and_o ineffectual_a the_o next_o charge_n be_v its_o lateness_n and_o novelty_n that_o it_o be_v a_o upstart_n sect_n and_o but_o of_o yesterday_n stand_v not_o know_v in_o the_o world_n many_o year_n before_o whereas_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n have_v uncontrollable_o and_o almost_o universal_o obtain_v from_o age_n and_o generation_n a_o doctrine_n new_o spring_v up_o and_o come_v as_o it_o be_v from_o a_o far_a country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v in_o theophilus_n antiochenus_fw-la b._n a_o divorce_n or_o rend_v themselves_o from_o the_o institution_n of_o their_o ancestor_n 46._o as_o tertullian_n have_v it_o this_o charge_n begin_v betimes_o when_o s._n paul_n preach_v at_o athens_n 18._o we_o find_v this_o the_o first_o thing_n charge_v upon_o he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o setter_n forth_o of_o strange_a god_n because_o he_o preach_v to_o they_o jesus_n and_o the_o resurrection_n and_o it_o be_v follow_v with_o a_o loud_a cry_n in_o succeed_a time_n you_o be_v wont_n to_o object_n to_o we_o say_v arnobius_n that_o our_o religion_n be_v novel_a 40_o start_v up_o not_o many_o day_n ago_o and_o that_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n your_o ancient_a way_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o your_o country_n 5._o to_o espouse_v barbarous_a and_o foreign_a rite_n and_o eusebius_n tell_v we_o the_o heathen_n be_v wont_n to_o reason_n thus_o what_o strange_a profession_n of_o religion_n be_v this_o what_o new_a way_n of_o life_n wherein_o we_o can_v neither_o discern_v the_o rite_n among_o we_o use_v in_o greece_n nor_o among_o any_o sect_n of_o the_o barbarian_n who_o can_v deny_v they_o to_o be_v impious_a who_o have_v forsake_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o father_n observe_v before_o in_o all_o city_n and_o country_n revolt_a from_o a_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o have_v be_v universal_o receive_v from_o all_o age_n both_o by_o greek_n and_o barbarian_n entertain_v both_o in_o city_n and_o village_n countenance_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o common_a vote_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o king_n lawmaker_n philosopher_n and_o the_o great_a person_n whatsoever_o nay_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o after_o christianity_n have_v be_v settle_v for_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v become_v the_o prevail_a religion_n and_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n banish_v all_o other_o out_o of_o door_n and_o drive_v they_o into_o corner_n yet_o this_o charge_n still_o continue_v 208._o thus_o julian_n the_o emperor_n write_v to_o the_o people_n of_o alexandria_n concern_v the_o galilaean_n so_o he_o be_v wont_n in_o scorn_n to_o call_v the_o christian_n that_o he_o wonder_v that_o any_o of_o they_o dare_v dwell_v among_o they_o or_o that_o they_o will_v suffer_v these_o despiser_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o their_o 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we_o be_v here_o we_o must_v worship_v god_n with_o respect_n to_o our_o present_a state_n and_o consequent_o of_o necessity_n have_v some_o definite_a and_o particular_a time_n to_o do_v it_o in_o now_o that_o man_n may_v not_o be_v leave_v to_o a_o float_a uncertainty_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n in_o all_o age_n and_o nation_n man_n have_v be_v guide_v by_o the_o very_a dictate_v of_o nature_n to_o pitch_v upon_o some_o certain_a season_n wherein_o to_o assemble_v and_o meet_v together_o to_o perform_v the_o public_a office_n of_o religion_n what_o and_o how_o many_o be_v the_o public_a festival_n institute_v and_o observe_v either_o among_o jew_n or_o gentile_n i_o be_o not_o concern_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o the_o ancient_a christian_n they_o ever_o have_v their_o peculiar_a season_n their_o solemn_a and_o state_v time_n of_o meet_v together_o to_o perform_v the_o common_a duty_n of_o divine_a worship_n of_o which_o because_o the_o lordsday_n challenge_v the_o precedency_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o shall_v begin_v first_o with_o that_o and_o be_v unconcern_v in_o all_o the_o controversy_n which_o in_o the_o late_a time_n be_v raise_v about_o it_o i_o shall_v only_o note_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o piety_n of_o christian_n in_o reference_n to_o this_o day_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o pass_v through_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n for_o the_o name_n of_o this_o day_n of_o public_a worship_n it_o be_v sometime_o especial_o by_o justin_n martyr_n and_o tertullian_n call_v sunday_n because_o it_o happen_v upon_o that_o day_n of_o the_o week_n which_o by_o the_o heathen_n be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o as_o be_v best_o know_v to_o they_o the_o father_n common_o make_v use_v of_o it_o in_o their_o apology_n to_o the_o heathen_a governor_n this_o title_n continue_v after_o the_o world_n become_v christian_n and_o seldom_o it_o be_v that_o it_o pass_v under_o any_o other_o name_n in_o the_o 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resurrection_n or_o restitution_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n that_o for_o six_o day_n we_o pray_v upon_o our_o knee_n be_v in_o token_n of_o our_o fall_n by_o sin_n but_o that_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n we_o do_v not_o bow_v the_o knee_n do_v symbolical_o represent_v our_o resurrection_n by_o which_o through_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n we_o be_v deliver_v from_o our_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o death_n this_o he_o there_o tell_v we_o be_v a_o custom_n derive_v from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o which_o he_o cite_v irenaeus_n in_o his_o book_n concern_v easter_n and_o this_o custom_n be_v maintain_v with_o so_o much_o vigour_n that_o when_o some_o begin_v to_o neglect_v it_o the_o great_a council_n of_o nice_a take_v notice_n of_o it_o 20._o and_o ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o constant_a uniformity_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o at_o such_o other_o time_n as_o be_v usual_a man_n shall_v stand_v when_o they_o make_v their_o prayer_n to_o god_n so_o fit_a and_o reasonable_a do_v they_o think_v it_o to_o do_v all_o possible_a honour_n to_o that_o day_n on_o which_o christ_n rise_v from_o the_o dead_a therefore_o we_o may_v observe_v all_o along_o in_o the_o sacred_a story_n that_o after_o christ_n resurrection_n the_o apostle_n and_o primitive_a christian_n do_v especial_o assemble_v upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n and_o whatever_o they_o may_v do_v at_o other_o time_n yet_o there_o be_v many_o passage_n that_o intimate_v that_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n be_v their_o more_o solemn_a time_n of_o meeting_n on_o this_o day_n it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v meet_v together_o when_o our_o saviour_n first_o appear_v to_o they_o and_o so_o again_o the_o next_o week_n after_o on_o this_o day_n they_o be_v assemble_v when_o the_o holy_a ghost_n so_o visible_o come_v down_o upon_o they_o when_o peter_n preach_v that_o excellent_a sermon_n convert_v and_o baptize_v three_o thousand_o soul_n thus_o when_o s._n paul_n be_v take_v his_o leave_n at_o troas_n upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n when_o the_o disciple_n come_v together_o to_o break_v bread_n i.e._n as_o almost_o all_o agree_v to_o celebrate_v the_o holy_a sacrament_n he_o preach_v to_o they_o 2._o sufficient_o intimate_v that_o upon_o that_o day_n it_o be_v their_o usual_a custom_n to_o meet_v in_o that_o manner_n and_o elsewhere_o give_v direction_n to_o the_o church_n of_o corinth_n as_o he_o have_v do_v in_o the_o like_a case_n to_o other_o church_n concern_v their_o contribution_n to_o the_o poor_a suffer_a brethren_n he_o bid_v they_o lay_v it_o aside_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n which_o seem_v plain_o to_o respect_v their_o religious_a assembly_n upon_o that_o day_n for_o than_o it_o be_v that_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o ability_n deposit_v something_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n after_o the_o apostle_n the_o christian_n constant_o observe_v this_o day_n meet_v together_o for_o prayer_n expound_v and_o hear_v of_o the_o scripture_n celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o other_o public_a duty_n of_o religion_n upon_o the_o day_n call_v sunday_n say_v j._n martyr_n all_o of_o we_o that_o live_v either_o in_o city_n or_o country_n meet_v together_o in_o one_o place_n 98_o and_o what_o they_o then_o do_v 10._o he_o there_o describe_v 97._o of_o which_o afterward_o this_o doubtless_o pliny_n mean_v when_o give_v trajan_n a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o meet_v together_o to_o worship_n christ_n stato_fw-la die_fw-la upon_o a_o set_v certain_a day_n by_o which_o he_o can_v be_v reasonable_o understand_v to_o design_n no_o other_o but_o the_o lord_n day_n for_o though_o they_o probable_o meet_v at_o other_o time_n yet_o he_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o only_a either_o because_o the_o christian_n who_o he_o have_v examine_v have_v not_o tell_v he_o of_o their_o meeting_n at_o other_o time_n or_o because_o this_o be_v their_o most_o public_a and_o solemn_a convention_n and_o which_o in_o a_o manner_n swallow_v up_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o violent_a persecution_n of_o those_o time_n the_o christian_n be_v force_v to_o meet_v together_o before_o day_n so_o pliny_n in_o the_o same_o place_n tell_v the_o emperor_n 168._o that_o they_o assemble_v before_o daylight_n to_o sing_v their_o morning_n hymn_n to_o christ_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o tertullian_n so_o often_o mention_n their_o nocturnal_a convocation_n for_o put_v the_o case_n that_o his_o wife_n after_o his_o decease_n shall_v marry_v with_o a_o gentile-husband_n among_o other_o inconvenience_n he_o ask_v she_o whether_o she_o think_v he_o will_v be_v willing_a to_o let_v she_o rise_v from_o his_o bed_n to_o go_v to_o their_o night
the_o rich_a and_o most_o noble_a gift_n and_o to_o diffuse_v the_o influence_n of_o his_o bounty_n over_o all_o part_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o his_o example_n herein_o it_o seem_v be_v follow_v by_o most_o of_o his_o successor_n who_o use_v upon_o this_o solemnity_n by_o their_o imperial_a order_n to_o release_v all_o prisoner_n unless_o such_o as_o be_v in_o for_o more_o heavy_a and_o notorious_a crime_n high_a treason_n murder_n rape_n incest_n and_o the_o like_a and_o chrysostom_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o letter_n of_o theodosius_n the_o great_a send_v at_o this_o time_n throughout_o the_o empire_n 1._o wherein_o he_o do_v not_o only_o command_v that_o all_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v release_v and_o pardon_v but_o wish_v he_o be_v able_a to_o recall_v those_o that_o be_v already_o execute_v and_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o life_n again_o and_o because_o by_o the_o negligence_n and_o remissness_n of_o messenger_n or_o any_o accident_n those_o imperial_a letter_n may_v sometime_o happen_v to_o come_v too_o late_o therefore_o valentinian_n the_o young_a provide_v by_o a_o stand_a law_n 8._o that_o whether_o order_n come_v or_o not_o the_o judge_n shall_v dispense_v the_o accustom_a indulgence_n and_o upon_o easter_n day_n in_o the_o morning_n cause_n all_o prison_n to_o be_v open_a the_o chain_n to_o be_v knock_v off_o and_o the_o person_n set_v at_o liberty_n the_o next_o feast_n considerable_a in_o those_o primitive_a time_n be_v that_o of_o whitsunday_n or_o pentecost_n a_o feast_n of_o great_a eminency_n among_o the_o jew_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o law_n deliver_v at_o mount_n sinai_n at_o that_o time_n and_o for_o the_o gather_n and_o bring_v in_o of_o their_o harvest_n and_o of_o no_o less_o note_n among_o christian_n for_o the_o holy_a ghost_n descend_v upon_o the_o apostle_n and_o other_o christian_n in_o the_o visible_a appearance_n of_o fiery_a cleave_a tongue_n which_o happen_v upon_o that_o day_n and_o those_o miraculous_a power_n then_o confer_v upon_o they_o it_o be_v observe_v with_o the_o same_o respect_n to_o easter_n that_o the_o jew_n do_v with_o respect_n to_o their_o passover_n viz._n as_o the_o word_n import_v just_a fifty_o day_n after_o it_o reckon_v from_o the_o second_o day_n of_o that_o festival_n it_o seem_v to_o some_o to_o have_v commence_v from_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o christianity_n not_o only_o because_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o church_n be_v assemble_v upon_o that_o day_n but_o because_o s._n paul_n make_v so_o much_o haste_n to_o be_v at_o jerusalem_n the_o day_n of_o pentecost_n which_o they_o understand_v of_o his_o great_a desire_n to_o keep_v it_o there_o as_o a_o christian_a feast_n 16._o but_o the_o argument_n seem_v to_o i_o no_o way_n conclusive_a for_o the_o apostle_n may_v desire_v to_o be_v there_o at_o that_o time_n both_o because_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o brethren_n and_o because_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o fit_a opportunity_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o jew_n who_o from_o all_o part_n flock_v thither_o to_o the_o feast_n as_o our_o saviour_n himself_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n use_v to_o go_v up_o to_o jerusalem_n at_o all_o their_o great_a and_o solemn_a feast_n but_o however_o this_o be_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o observation_n of_o it_o be_v ancient_a it_o be_v mention_v by_o irenaeus_n in_o a_o book_n which_o he_o write_v concern_v easter_n as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o question_n and_o response_n in_o j._n martyr_n tell_v we_o 115._o by_o tertullian_n and_o after_o he_o by_o origen_n more_o than_o once_o 94._o this_o feast_n be_v by_o we_o style_v whitsunday_n 392._o partly_o because_o of_o those_o vast_a diffusion_n of_o light_n and_o knowledge_n which_o upon_o this_o day_n be_v shed_v upon_o the_o apostle_n in_o order_n to_o the_o enlighten_v of_o the_o world_n but_o principal_o because_o this_o as_o also_o easter_n be_v the_o state_v time_n for_o baptism_n in_o the_o ancient_a church_n those_o who_o be_v baptize_v put_v on_o white_a garment_n in_o token_n of_o that_o pure_a and_o innocent_a course_n of_o life_n they_o have_v now_o engage_v in_o of_o which_o more_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n this_o white_a garment_n they_o wear_v till_o the_o next_o sunday_n after_o and_o then_o lay_v it_o aside_o whence_o the_o octave_n or_o sunday_n after_o easter_n come_v to_o be_v style_v dominica_n in_o albis_n the_o sunday_n in_o white_a it_o be_v then_o that_o the_o new-baptized_n put_v off_o their_o white_a garment_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n the_o whole_a space_n of_o fifty_o day_n between_o easter_n and_o whitsunday_n go_v often_o under_o the_o name_n of_o pentecost_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n account_v festival_n max._n as_o tertullian_n inform_v we_o and_o the_o forty_o three_o canon_n of_o the_o illiberitan_n council_n seem_v to_o intimate_v during_o this_o whole_a time_n baptism_n be_v confer_v 223._o all_o fast_n be_v suspend_v and_o count_v unlawful_a they_o pray_v stand_v as_o they_o do_v every_o lord_n day_n and_o at_o this_o time_n read_v over_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n wherein_o their_o suffering_n and_o miracle_n be_v record_v as_o we_o learn_v from_o a_o law_n of_o the_o young_a theodosius_n 5_o wherein_o this_o custom_n be_v mention_v and_o more_o plain_o from_o s._n chrysostom_n 73._o who_o treat_v of_o it_o in_o a_o homily_n on_o purpose_n act._n where_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n why_o that_o book_n which_o contain_v those_o action_n of_o the_o apostle_n which_o be_v do_v after_o pentecost_n 5._o shall_v yet_o be_v read_v before_o it_o when_o as_o at_o all_o other_o time_n those_o part_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o season_n because_o the_o apostle_n miracle_n be_v the_o grand_a confirmation_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o christ_n resurrection_n and_o those_o miracle_n record_v in_o that_o book_n it_o be_v therefore_o most_o proper_a to_o be_v read_v next_o to_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o resurrection_n epiphany_n succeed_v this_o word_n be_v of_o old_a promiscuous_o use_v either_o for_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n nativity_n or_o for_o that_o which_o we_o now_o proper_o call_v by_o that_o name_n afterward_o the_o title_n become_v distinct_a that_o of_o christ_n birth_n or_o as_o we_o now_o term_v it_o christmas-day_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o nativity_n 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o appearance_n of_o god_n in_o the_o flesh_n 613._o two_o name_n import_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o nazianzen_n note_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o the_o first_o footstep_n i_o find_v of_o it_o be_v in_o the_o second_o century_n though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o may_v be_v celebrate_v before_o mention_v by_o theophilus_n bishop_n of_o caesaria_n about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n commodus_n but_o if_o any_o credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o decretal_a epistle_n vero_fw-la it_o be_v somewhat_o elder_a than_o that_o pope_n telesphorus_n who_o live_v under_o antoninus_n pius_fw-la ordain_v divine_a service_n to_o be_v celebrate_v and_o a_o angelical_a hymn_n to_o be_v sing_v the_o night_n before_o the_o nativity_n of_o our_o saviour_n however_o that_o it_o be_v keep_v before_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n we_o have_v this_o sad_a instance_n 6._o that_o when_o the_o persecution_n rage_v under_o dioclesian_n who_o then_o keep_v his_o court_n at_o nicomedia_n among_o other_o act_n of_o barbarous_a cruelty_n do_v there_o find_v multitude_n of_o christian_n young_a and_o old_a meet_v together_o in_o the_o temple_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o christ_n nativity_n to_o celebrate_v that_o festival_n he_o command_v the_o church_n door_n to_o be_v shut_v up_o and_o fire_n to_o be_v put_v to_o it_o which_o in_o a_o short_a time_n reduce_v they_o and_o the_o church_n to_o ash_n i_o shall_v not_o dispute_v whether_o it_o be_v always_o observe_v upon_o the_o same_o day_n that_o we_o keep_v it_o now_o the_o twenty_o five_o of_o december_n it_o seem_v probable_a that_o for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o east_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o january_n under_o the_o name_n and_o at_o the_o general_a time_n of_o the_o epiphania_fw-la till_o receive_v more_o light_a in_o the_o case_n from_o the_o church_n of_o the_o west_n they_o change_v it_o to_o this_o day_n sure_o i_o be_o s._n chrysostom_n in_o a_o homily_n on_o purpose_n about_o this_o very_a thing_n affirm_v 31._o that_o it_o be_v not_o above_o ten_o year_n since_o in_o that_o church_n i._n e._n antioch_n it_o begin_v first_o to_o be_v observe_v upon_o that_o day_n 417._o and_o there_o offer_v several_a reason_n to_o prove_v that_o to_o be_v the_o true_a day_n of_o christ_n nativity_n the_o feast_n of_o epiphany_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v keep_v on_o the_o six_o of_o january_n and_o have_v that_o name_n from_o a_o
and_o modesty_n we_o be_v to_o remember_v that_o we_o be_v under_o the_o eye_n of_o god_n who_o we_o be_v not_o to_o offend_v either_o in_o the_o habit_n of_o our_o body_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o speech_n for_o as_o it_o be_v the_o fashion_n of_o those_o that_o be_v impudent_a to_o clamour_n and_o make_v a_o noise_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o become_v a_o sober_a man_n to_o pray_v with_o a_o modest_a voice_n when_o therefore_o we_o come_v together_o with_o our_o brethren_n into_o the_o assembly_n to_o celebrate_v the_o divine_a sacrifice_n with_o the_o minister_n of_o god_n we_o ought_v to_o be_v mindful_a of_o order_n and_o a_o reverend_a regard_n and_o not_o to_o throw_v about_o our_o prayer_n with_o a_o wild_a and_o confuse_a voice_n or_o with_o a_o disorderly_a prattle_n to_o cast_v forth_o those_o petition_n which_o ought_v with_o the_o great_a modesty_n to_o be_v put_v up_o to_o god_n the_o man_n pray_v with_o their_o head_n bare_a as_o not_o ashamed_a to_o look_v up_o to_o heaven_n for_o what_o they_o beg_v of_o god_n the_o woman_n cover_v as_o a_o sign_n of_o the_o modesty_n of_o that_o sex_n and_o therefore_o tertullian_n severe_o check_v the_o practice_n of_o some_o woman_n in_o his_o time_n who_o in_o time_n of_o worship_n have_v no_o cover_n on_o their_o head_n or_o what_o be_v as_o good_a as_o none_o what_o reproof_n say_v he_o do_v they_o deserve_v 504._o that_o continue_v unvail_v in_o sing_v psalm_n or_o in_o any_o mention_n of_o god_n or_o do_v they_o think_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o lay_v some_o thin_a and_o slight_a thing_n over_o their_o head_n in_o prayer_n and_o then_o think_v themselves_o cover_v where_o he_o manifest_o refer_v to_o those_o rule_n which_o the_o apostle_n prescribe_v in_o this_o case_n and_o conclude_v at_o last_o that_o they_o shall_v at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n be_v mindful_a of_o the_o rule_n be_v ready_a and_o provide_v against_o all_o mention_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n who_o if_o he_o be_v in_o woman_n heart_n will_v be_v know_v on_o their_o head_n viz._n by_o a_o modest_a carriage_n and_o cover_n of_o they_o in_o their_o address_n to_o he_o their_o hand_n they_o do_v not_o only_o lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n a_o posture_n in_o prayer_n common_a both_o among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n but_o they_o do_v expan_n and_o spread_v they_o abroad_o that_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v shadow_v out_o a_o image_n of_o the_o cross_n or_o rather_o a_o resemblance_n of_o he_o that_o hang_v upon_o it_o 39_o as_o tertullian_n more_o than_o once_o and_o again_o inform_v we_o prayer_n say_v another_o be_v a_o converse_v with_o god_n amasen_n and_o the_o way_n to_o heaven_n and_o to_o stretch_v out_o our_o hand_n be_v to_o form_v the_o resemblance_n of_o christ_n crucify_v phot._n which_o whoever_o pray_v shall_v do_v not_o only_o as_o to_o the_o form_n and_o figure_n 1496._o but_o in_o reality_n and_o affection_n for_o as_o he_o that_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o cross_n sure_o die_v so_o he_o that_o pray_v shall_v crucify_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o flesh_n and_o every_o inordinate_a lust_n and_o passion_n in_o the_o perform_n of_o this_o duty_n they_o either_o kneel_v which_o be_v most_o usual_a or_o stand_v which_o they_o always_o do_v upon_o the_o lord_n day_n for_o a_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o fit_v be_v ever_o hold_v a_o posture_n of_o great_a rudeness_n and_o irreverence_n nay_o tertullian_n fall_v heavy_a upon_o some_o that_o use_v present_o to_o clap_v themselves_o down_o upon_o their_o seat_n 134._o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o prayer_n be_v do_v and_o downright_o charge_v it_o as_o against_o scripture_n if_o it_o be_v a_o irreverent_a thing_n as_o he_o argue_v to_o sit_v down_o before_o or_o over_o against_o a_o person_n for_o who_o thou_o have_v a_o mighty_a reverence_n and_o veneration_n how_o much_o more_o do_v it_o savour_n of_o irreligion_n to_o do_v so_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o live_a god_n while_o the_o angel_n be_v yet_o stand_v by_o thou_o to_o carry_v up_o the_o prayer_n to_o heaven_n unless_o we_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o reproach_n god_n to_o his_o face_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o we_o be_v weary_a of_o the_o duty_n another_o custom_n which_o they_o have_v in_o prayer_n be_v that_o they_o constant_o pray_v towards_o the_o east_n this_o be_v so_o universal_o common_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_a any_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a writer_n but_o speak_v of_o it_o though_o not_o many_o of_o they_o agree_v in_o assign_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o the_o custom_n doubtless_o begin_v very_o early_o and_o be_v general_o ascribe_v to_o the_o apostle_n so_o the_o author_n of_o the_o question_n and_o answer_n assure_v we_o 471._o and_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v because_o the_o east_n be_v account_v the_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o the_o creation_n and_o see_v in_o prayer_n we_o must_v turn_v our_o face_n towards_o some_o quarter_n spirit_n it_o be_v fit_a it_o shall_v be_v towards_o the_o east_n 2_o just_o say_v he_o as_o in_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n antioch_n we_o use_v the_o right_a hand_n because_o it_o be_v better_a than_o the_o left_a 2._o not_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n but_o only_o in_o its_o positure_n and_o fitness_n for_o our_o use_n 876._o s._n basil_n likewise_o reckon_v it_o among_o the_o tradition_n that_o have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o apostle_n but_o tell_v we_o the_o mystery_n of_o it_o be_v that_o hereby_o they_o respect_a paradise_n which_o god_n plant_v in_o the_o east_n beg_v of_o he_o that_o they_o may_v be_v restore_v to_o that_o ancient_a country_n from_o whence_o they_o have_v be_v cast_v out_o this_o may_v probable_o be_v with_o those_o who_o dwell_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o how_o it_o can_v be_v do_v by_o those_o who_o live_v east_n of_o the_o garden_n of_o eden_n suppose_v in_o any_o part_n of_o india_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o imagine_v 72â—_n clemens_n alex._n tell_v we_o that_o herein_o they_o have_v respect_n to_o christ_n for_o as_o the_o east_n be_v the_o birth_n and_o womb_n of_o the_o natural_a day_n from_o whence_o the_o sun_n the_o fountain_n of_o all_o sensible_a light_n do_v arise_v and_o spring_v so_o christ_n the_o true_a sun_n of_o righteousness_n who_o arise_v upon_o the_o world_n with_o the_o light_n of_o truth_n when_o it_o sit_v in_o the_o darkness_n of_o error_n and_o ignorance_n be_v in_o scripture_n style_v the_o east_n and_o therefore_o our_o prayer_n be_v direct_v thither_o 251._o for_o which_o reason_n tertullian_n call_v the_o east_n the_o figure_n or_o the_o type_n of_o christ_n but_o whatever_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v a_o sober_a account_n which_o athanasius_n give_v of_o it_o 2â—4_n we_o do_v not_o say_v he_o worship_n towards_o the_o east_n as_o if_o we_o think_v god_n any_o way_n shut_v up_o in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o because_o god_n be_v in_o himself_o and_o be_v so_o style_v in_o scripture_n the_o true_a light_n in_o turn_v therefore_o towards_o that_o create_a light_n we_o do_v not_o worship_v it_o but_o the_o great_a creator_n of_o it_o take_v occasion_n from_o that_o most_o excellent_a element_n to_o adore_v that_o god_n who_o be_v before_o all_o element_n and_o age_n of_o the_o world_n this_o be_v their_o carriage_n for_o prayer_n nor_o be_v they_o less_o humble_a and_o reverend_a in_o other_o part_n of_o worship_n they_o hear_v the_o scripture_n read_v and_o preach_v with_o all_o possible_a gravity_n and_o attention_n which_o that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o do_v they_o be_v wont_a to_o stand_v all_o the_o while_n the_o sermon_n continue_v none_o sit_v then_o but_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n that_o be_v about_o he_o schism_n so_o optatus_n express_o tell_v we_o 115._o that_o the_o people_n have_v no_o privilege_n to_o sit_v down_o in_o the_o church_n though_o whether_o the_o custom_n be_v universal_o so_o in_o all_o place_n 907._o i_o much_o doubt_n nay_o s._n augustine_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o some_o transmarine_a i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v the_o western_a churches_n it_o be_v otherwise_o the_o people_n have_v seat_n place_v for_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o minister_n but_o general_o the_o people_n stand_v partly_o to_o express_v the_o reverence_n partly_o to_o keep_v their_o attention_n awake_a and_o lively_a 1._o hence_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o deacon_n office_n as_o chrysostom_n tell_v we_o and_o the_o same_o we_o find_v in_o the_o ancient_a greek_a liturgy_n to_o call_v upon_o the_o people_n with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d let_v we_o due_o stand_v upright_o respect_v the_o decent_a posture_n of_o their_o body_n though_o withal_o principal_o intend_v the_o
that_o the_o governor_n will_v be_v there_o to_o day_n and_o kill_v all_o who_o he_o find_v there_o i_o know_v it_o well_o answer_v the_o woman_n and_o therefore_o make_v so_o much_o haste_n lest_o i_o come_v too_o late_o and_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n and_o be_v ask_v why_o she_o carry_v her_o little_a son_n along_o with_o she_o she_o answer_v that_o he_o also_o may_v partake_v of_o the_o common_a suffering_n and_o share_v in_o the_o same_o reward_n the_o governor_n admire_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o woman_n turn_v back_o to_o the_o palace_n and_o dissuade_v the_o emperor_n from_o his_o cruel_a resolution_n as_o what_o be_v neither_o honourable_a in_o itself_o nor_o will_v conduce_v to_o his_o purpose_n and_o design_n three_o when_o they_o be_v condemn_v though_o it_o be_v by_o a_o most_o unjust_a sentence_n and_o to_o a_o most_o horrid_a death_n they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o rage_v or_o repine_v that_o instead_o of_o bitter_a and_o tart_a reflection_n they_o give_v thanks_o to_o their_o enemy_n for_o condemn_v they_o a_o christian_a be_v condemn_v say_v tertullian_n thank_v his_o judge_n 36._o he_o take_v it_o for_o a_o favour_n to_o die_v for_o so_o good_a a_o cause_n 505._o that_o they_o persecute_v we_o say_v clemens_n of_o alexandria_n it_o be_v not_o because_o they_o find_v we_o to_o be_v wicked_a but_o because_o they_o think_v we_o wrong_v the_o world_n by_o be_v christian_n and_o by_o teach_v and_o persuade_v other_o to_o be_v so_o as_o for_o we_o they_o do_v we_o no_o harm_n death_n do_v but_o the_o soon_o send_v we_o to_o god_n if_o therefore_o we_o be_v wise_a we_o shall_v thank_v they_o that_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o our_o more_o speedy_a passage_n thither_o and_o elsewhere_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o s._n peter_n 736._o that_o see_v his_o wife_n go_v towards_o martyrdom_n he_o exceed_o rejoice_v that_o she_o be_v call_v to_o so_o great_a a_o honour_n and_o that_o she_o be_v now_o return_v home_o encourage_v and_o exhort_v of_o she_o and_o call_v she_o by_o her_o name_n bid_v she_o to_o be_v mindful_a of_o our_o lord_n such_o say_v he_o be_v the_o wedlock_n of_o that_o bless_a couple_n and_o their_o perfect_a disposition_n and_o agreement_n in_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v dear_a to_o they_o when_o lucius_n one_o of_o the_o primitive_a martyr_n be_v charge_v by_o vrbicius_n the_o roman_a perfect_a for_o be_v a_o christian_n 43._o only_o because_o he_o offer_v to_o speak_v in_o behalf_n of_o one_o that_o have_v very_o hard_a measure_n he_o immediate_o confess_v it_o and_o be_v forthwith_o condemn_v he_o hearty_o thank_v his_o judge_n for_o it_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o shall_v be_v deliver_v from_o such_o unrighteous_a governor_n and_o be_v soon_o send_v home_n to_o his_o heavenly_a father_n no_o joyfull_a message_n can_v be_v tell_v they_o than_o that_o they_o must_v die_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o christ_n though_o we_o contend_v with_o all_o your_o rage_n and_o cruelty_n as_o tertullian_n tell_v the_o precedent_n scapula_n yet_o we_o free_o offer_v ourselves_o 68_o and_o rejoice_v more_o when_o we_o be_v condemn_v than_o when_o we_o be_v absolve_v and_o release_v by_o you_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o the_o malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o account_v the_o instrument_n of_o their_o torment_n the_o ensign_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o their_o happiness_n when_o the_o heathen_n reproach_v they_o for_o die_v such_o a_o infamous_a death_n as_o that_o of_o the_o cross_n and_o in_o derision_n style_v they_o sarmenticil_n and_o semaxii_fw-la for_o be_v burn_v upon_o a_o little_a stake_n to_o which_o they_o be_v bind_v with_o twig_n tertullian_n answer_v for_o they_o 39_o this_o be_v the_o habit_n of_o our_o victory_n this_o the_o embroider_a garment_n of_o our_o conquest_n this_o the_o triumphant_a chariot_n wherein_o we_o ride_v to_o heaven_n when_o in_o prison_n they_o look_v upon_o their_o chain_n as_o their_o ornament_n c._n as_o add_v a_o beauty_n and_o a_o lustre_n to_o they_o with_o which_o they_o be_v adorn_v against_o the_o time_n of_o their_o suffering_n as_o the_o bride_n be_v with_o fringe_n of_o gold_n and_o variegated_a ornament_n against_o the_o day_n of_o her_o espousal_n 669._o for_o this_o reason_n babylas_n the_o martyr_n command_v that_o the_o chain_n which_o he_o have_v wear_v in_o prison_n shall_v be_v bury_v with_o he_o to_o show_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o seem_v most_o ignominious_a be_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o christ_n most_o splendid_a and_o honourable_a imitate_v therein_o the_o great_a apostle_n who_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v ashamed_a of_o that_o he_o take_v pleasure_n in_o bond_n chain_n reproach_n persecution_n distress_n for_o christ_n sake_n profess_v to_o glory_n in_o nothing_o but_o the_o cross_n of_o christ._n four_o when_o ever_o they_o be_v actual_o under_o the_o bitter_a torment_n they_o never_o discover_v the_o least_o sign_n of_o a_o furious_a or_o impatient_a mind_n but_o bear_v up_o with_o a_o quietness_n and_o composure_n which_o no_o suffering_n can_v overcome_v 19_o cyprian_n exhort_v the_o martyr_n to_o courage_n and_o constancy_n tell_v they_o this_o of_o those_o that_o have_v go_v before_o they_o that_o in_o the_o hot_a conflict_n they_o never_o stir_v but_o maintain_v their_o ground_n with_o a_o free_a confession_n a_o unshaken_a mind_n a_o divine_a courage_n destitute_a indeed_o of_o external_a weapon_n but_o arm_v with_o the_o shield_n of_o faith_n in_o torment_n they_o stand_v strong_a than_o their_o tormentor_n their_o bruise_a and_o mangle_a limb_n prove_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o instrument_n wherewith_o their_o flesh_n be_v rack_v and_o pull_v from_o they_o the_o blow_n though_o never_o so_o oft_o repeat_v can_v not_o conquer_v their_o impregnable_a faith_n although_o they_o do_v not_o only_o slice_v and_o tear_v off_o the_o flesh_n but_o rake_v into_o their_o very_a bowel_n and_o let_v out_o blood_n enough_o to_o extinguish_v the_o flame_n of_o persecution_n and_o to_o allay_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o everlasting_a fire_n and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v of_o the_o persecution_n under_o decius_n at_o rome_n 91._o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o adversary_n do_v with_o a_o horrible_a violence_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o camp_n of_o christ_n but_o be_v repulse_v with_o a_o strength_n as_o great_a as_o that_o wherewith_o he_o come_v upon_o they_o that_o then_o he_o crafty_o attempt_v the_o more_o rude_a and_o weak_a and_o subtle_o endeavour_v to_o set_v upon_o they_o single_o hope_v the_o easy_o to_o circumvent_v they_o but_o that_o he_o find_v they_o like_o a_o well-compacted_n army_n sober_a and_o vigilant_a and_o prepare_v for_o battle_n that_o they_o can_v die_v but_o can_v not_o be_v overcome_v yea_o therefore_o unconquerable_a because_o not_o afraid_a to_o die_v that_o they_o do_v not_o resist_v those_o that_o rise_v up_o against_o they_o be_v ready_a not_o to_o kill_v they_o that_o assault_v they_o but_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o own_o life_n and_o to_o lose_v their_o blood_n that_o they_o may_v make_v the_o more_o haste_n to_o get_v out_o of_o a_o cruel_a and_o malicious_a world_n indeed_o so_o admirable_a be_v their_o patience_n and_o readiness_n to_o die_v that_o their_o very_a enemy_n stand_v amaze_v at_o it_o when_o simeon_n the_o second_o bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n 104._o and_o of_o our_o saviour_n kindred_n according_a to_o the_o flesh_n have_v by_o the_o command_n of_o atticus_n the_o governor_n of_o syria_n be_v torture_v with_o all_o the_o art_n of_o cruelty_n for_o many_o day_n together_o he_o bear_v it_o with_o such_o courage_n that_o the_o proconsul_n himself_o and_o all_o that_o be_v present_a great_o wonder_v that_o a_o man_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o undergo_v so_o many_o misery_n and_o torment_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o suffer_v together_o with_o s._n polycarp_n 129._o the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n give_v this_o account_n that_o all_o that_o be_v present_a be_v astonish_v when_o they_o see_v they_o whip_v till_o the_o cord_n make_v way_n to_o the_o inmost_a vein_n and_o artery_n till_o the_o bowel_n and_o the_o most_o hide_a part_n of_o the_o body_n appear_v they_o be_v rake_v with_o shell_n of_o fish_n lay_v all_o along_o upon_o sharp-pointed_a stake_n drive_v into_o the_o ground_n exercise_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o torment_n and_o at_o last_o throw_v to_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n all_o which_o they_o bear_v with_o a_o mighty_a patience_n and_o constancy_n nay_o as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o that_o epistle_n contract_v by_o eusebius_n 14._o but_o publish_v at_o large_a by_o bishop_n usher_n so_o great_a be_v their_o patience_n and_o magnanimity_n that_o in_o all_o these_o suffering_n not_o any_o of_o they_o give_v a_o sigh_n or_o a_o groan_n the_o holy_a
be_v a_o deity_n he_o must_v first_o conquer_v heaven_n lead_v god_n in_o triumph_n set_z guards_z in_o heaven_n and_o impose_v tribute_n upon_o that_o place_n for_o the_o last_o their_z not_o observe_v the_o solemn_a festival_n of_o the_o emperor_n 28._o for_o which_o they_o be_v account_v enemy_n to_o the_o public_a they_o plead_v that_o their_o religion_n and_o their_o conscience_n can_v not_o comply_v with_o that_o vanity_n that_o luxury_n and_o debauchery_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o excess_n and_o wickedness_n that_o be_v commit_v at_o those_o time_n that_o the_o public_a joy_n be_v express_v by_o that_o which_o be_v a_o public_a disgrace_n and_o those_o thing_n account_v honourable_a upon_o the_o solemn_a day_n of_o emperor_n which_o be_v unfit_a and_o uncomely_a to_o be_v do_v upon_o any_o day_n and_o that_o there_o be_v little_a reason_n they_o shall_v be_v accuse_v for_o not_o observe_v that_o where_o looseness_n of_o manner_n 〈◊〉_d account_v loyalty_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o luxury_n a_o part_n of_o religion_n otherwhile_o they_o be_v accuse_v of_o sedition_n and_o hold_v unlawful_a combination_n which_o arise_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o religious_a assembly_n which_o their_o enemy_n behold_v as_o society_n erect_v contrary_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o apprehend_v what_o these_o society_n be_v in_o the_o number_n whereof_o they_o reckon_v the_o christian_a meeting_n and_o how_o condemn_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n 71._o numa_n pompilius_n to_o take_v away_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o sabine_n and_o the_o roman_n divide_v the_o people_n into_o college_n and_o little_a corporation_n answerable_a to_o which_o be_v our_o city-company_n according_a to_o their_o several_a trade_n and_o occupation_n goldsmith_n dyer_n potter_n currier_n etc._n etc._n which_o together_o with_o the_o city_n increase_v to_o a_o great_a number_n 197._o panciroll_v out_o of_o both_o code_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o thirty_o six_o to_o these_o he_o assign_v their_o several_a hall_n time_n of_o meeting_n and_o sacred_a rite_n and_o such_o immunity_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o they_o but_o beside_o these_o appoint_v by_o law_n several_a college_n in_o imitation_n of_o they_o be_v erect_v in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n partly_o for_o the_o more_o convenient_a dispatch_n of_o business_n but_o principal_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o mutual_a love_n and_o friendship_n all_o these_o society_n have_v their_o solemn_a meeting_n and_o customary_a feast_n which_o in_o time_n degenerate_v into_o great_a excess_n and_o luxury_n 20._o insomuch_o that_o verra_n in_o his_o time_n complain_v that_o the_o excess_n and_o prodigality_n of_o their_o supper_n make_v provision_n dear_a and_o much_o more_o reason_n have_v 32._o tertullian_n to_o complain_v of_o it_o in_o his_o time_n answerable_a to_o these_o college_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o society_n among_o the_o grecian_n who_o also_o have_v their_o state_v and_o common_a feast_n such_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d among_o the_o cretan_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d at_o lacedaemon_n and_o so_o in_o other_o state_n of_o greece_n but_o these_o meeting_n those_o of_o they_o especial_o that_o be_v not_o settle_v either_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o prince_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o number_n and_o the_o great_a confluence_n to_o they_o partly_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o luxurious_a feast_n begin_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o the_o state_n with_o a_o jealous_a eye_n especial_o after_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o monarchy_n the_o emperor_n behold_v they_o as_o fit_a nursery_n to_o plant_v and_o breed_v up_o treasonable_a and_o rebellious_a design_n corporib_n and_o therefore_o frequent_o forbid_v they_o under_o very_o severe_a penalty_n thus_o julius_n caesar_n who_o first_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o empire_n reduce_v these_o college_n to_o the_o ancient_a standard_n 155._o put_v down_o all_o that_o be_v supernumerary_n and_o illegal_a wherein_o he_o be_v also_o follow_v by_o his_o successor_n augustus_n and_o the_o succeed_a emperor_n very_o often_o put_v out_o strict_a edict_n against_o they_o prohibit_v they_o as_o dangerous_a and_o unlawful_a combination_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o these_o society_n it_o be_v that_o the_o christian_a congregation_n come_v to_o be_v forbid_v several_a person_n confederate_v into_o a_o combination_n and_o constant_o meet_v at_o a_o common_a feast_n render_v they_o suspicious_a to_o their_o enemy_n 10._o hence_o pliny_n give_v the_o emperor_n a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n 97._o and_o especial_o of_o their_o assemble_v at_o their_o solemn_a feast_n of_o love_n tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v forbear_v ever_o since_o according_a to_o his_o command_n he_o have_v publish_v a_o edict_n to_o forbid_v the_o hetaeriae_fw-la or_o society_n and_o indeed_o the_o christian_a assembly_n whereat_o they_o usual_o have_v the_o lord_n supper_n and_o their_o love-feast_n look_v somewhat_o like_o those_o illegal_a meeting_n especial_o as_o behold_v with_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o enemy_n it_o be_v the_o less_o wonder_n if_o the_o heathen_n accuse_v they_o of_o hatch_n treason_n and_o the_o magistrate_n proceed_v against_o they_o as_o contemner_n and_o violater_n of_o the_o law_n but_o to_o this_o the_o christian_n answer_v that_o their_o meeting_n can_v not_o be_v account_v among_o the_o unlawful_a faction_n 30._o have_v nothing_o common_a with_o they_o that_o indeed_o the_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o state_n have_v just_o prohibit_v such_o faction_n to_o prevent_v sedition_n which_o may_v thence_o easy_o overrun_v and_o disquiet_v all_o council_n court_n plead_n and_o all_o meeting_n whatsoever_o but_o no_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v suspect_v of_o the_o christian_a assembly_n who_o be_v freeze_v as_o to_o any_o ambitious_a design_n of_o honour_n or_o dignity_n stranger_n to_o nothing_o more_o than_o public_a affair_n and_o have_v renounce_v all_o pretence_n to_o external_a pomp_n and_o pleasure_n that_o if_o the_o christian_a assembly_n be_v like_o other_o 32._o there_o will_v be_v some_o reason_n to_o condemn_v they_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o faction_n but_o to_o who_o prejudice_n say_v they_o do_v we_o ever_o meet_v together_o we_o be_v the_o same_o when_o together_o that_o we_o be_v when_o asunder_o the_o same_o unite_a as_o be_v every_o single_a person_n hurt_v no_o man_n grieve_v no_o man_n and_o therefore_o that_o when_o such_o honest_a good_a pious_a and_o chaste_a man_n meet_v together_o it_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v call_v a_o council_n than_o a_o faction_n to_o which_o origen_n add_v 5._o that_o see_v in_o all_o their_o meeting_n they_o seek_v nothing_o but_o truth_n they_o can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o conspire_v against_o the_o law_n see_v they_o design_v nothing_o but_o to_o get_v from_o under_o the_o power_n and_o tyranny_n of_o the_o devil_n who_o have_v procure_v those_o law_n only_o to_o establish_v his_o empire_n fast_o in_o the_o world_n for_o elsewhere_o he_o bid_v celsus_n or_o any_o of_o his_o party_n show_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v seditious_a among_o the_o christian_n 115._o that_o their_o religion_n arise_v not_o at_o first_o as_o he_o false_o charge_v it_o out_o of_o sedition_n may_v appear_v in_o that_o their_o legislator_n have_v so_o severe_o forbid_v kill_v and_o murder_n and_o that_o the_o christian_n will_v never_o have_v entertain_v such_o mild_a law_n as_o give_v their_o enemy_n opportunity_n to_o kill_v they_o like_o sheep_n deliver_v to_o the_o slaughter_n without_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n 20._o thus_o arnobius_n confident_o challenge_v the_o heathen_n whether_o they_o can_v reject_v christianity_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o raise_v war_n tumult_n and_o sedition_n in_o the_o world_n no_o those_o be_v thing_n which_o they_o may_v find_v near_a home_n 69._o you_o defame_v we_o say_v tertullian_n with_o treason_n against_o the_o emperor_n and_o yet_o never_o can_v any_o albinian_o nigrian_o or_o cassian_n person_n that_o have_v mutinied_a and_o rebel_v against_o the_o emperor_n be_n find_v among_o the_o christian_n they_o be_v those_o that_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n genii_fw-la that_o have_v offer_v sacrifice_n for_o their_o safety_n that_o have_v often_o condemn_v christian_n these_o be_v the_o man_n that_o be_v find_v traitor_n to_o the_o emperor_n a_o christian_a be_v no_o man_n enemy_n much_o less_o his_o prince_n know_v he_o to_o be_v constitute_v by_o god_n he_o can_v but_o love_n revere_a and_o honour_v he_o and_o desire_v that_o he_o and_o the_o whole_a roman_a empire_n may_v be_v safe_a as_o long_o as_o the_o world_n last_v we_o worship_v the_o emperor_n as_o much_o as_o be_v either_o lawful_a or_o expedient_a as_o one_o
the_o time_n of_o penance_n may_v be_v shorten_v in_o what_o sense_n communion_n be_v deny_v by_o some_o ancient_a canon_n to_o penitent_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o death_n this_o discipline_n administer_v primary_o by_o bishop_n by_o his_o leave_n presbyter_n and_o in_o necessity_n deacon_n may_v absolve_v the_o public_a penitentiary_n when_o and_o why_o institute_v when_o and_o why_o lay_v aside_o penitent_n take_v into_o communion_n by_o martyr_n and_o confessor_n this_o power_n abuse_v to_o excess_n cyprian_n complaint_n of_o the_o excessive_a number_n of_o libel_n of_o peace_n grant_v by_o the_o martyr_n to_o the_o lapse_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o form_n of_o these_o pacifick_n libel_n exemplify_v out_o of_o cyprian_a other_o sort_n of_o libel_n the_o libellatici_fw-la who_o thurificati_fw-la several_a sort_n of_o libellatici_fw-la the_o libellatici_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v their_o manner_n of_o address_n to_o the_o heathen_a magistrate_n to_o procure_v their_o exemption_n from_o sacrifice_v that_o they_o do_v not_o private_o deny_v christ_n prove_v against_o baronius_n the_o piety_n and_o purity_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n matter_n of_o just_a admiration_n have_v travel_v through_o the_o several_a stage_n of_o the_o subject_n i_o have_v undertake_v i_o shall_v here_o have_v end_v my_o journey_n but_o that_o there_o one_o thing_n remain_v which_o be_v not_o proper_o reducible_a under_o any_o particular_a head_n be_v of_o a_o general_a relation_n to_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o be_v to_o consider_v what_o discipline_n be_v use_v towards_o offender_n in_o the_o ancient_a church_n only_o premise_v this_o that_o the_o christian_a church_n be_v found_v and_o establish_v by_o christ_n as_o a_o society_n and_o corporation_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v by_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o its_o constitution_n beside_o what_o positive_a ground_n and_o warrant_v there_o may_v be_v for_o it_o in_o scripture_n invest_v with_o a_o inherent_a power_n beside_o what_o be_v borrow_v from_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n of_o censure_v and_o punish_v its_o member_n that_o offend_v against_o the_o law_n of_o it_o and_o this_o in_o order_n to_o the_o maintain_v its_o peace_n and_o purity_n for_o without_o such_o a_o fundamental_a power_n as_o this_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o as_o a_o society_n it_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o subsist_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o a_o community_n necessary_o imply_v such_o a_o right_n inherent_a in_o it_o now_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n what_o this_o power_n be_v and_o how_o exercise_v in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n we_o shall_v consider_v these_o four_o thing_n what_o be_v the_o usual_a crime_n that_o come_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n what_o penalty_n be_v inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n in_o what_o manner_n offender_n be_v deal_v with_o and_o by_o who_o this_o discipline_n be_v administer_v first_o what_o the_o usual_a crime_n and_o offence_n be_v which_o come_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n in_o the_o general_n they_o be_v any_o offence_n against_o the_o christian_a law_n any_o vice_n or_o immorality_n that_o be_v either_o public_a in_o itself_o or_o make_v know_v and_o make_v good_a to_o the_o church_n for_o the_o holy_a and_o good_a christian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v infinite_o careful_a to_o keep_v the_o honour_n of_o their_o religion_n unspotted_a to_o stifle_v every_o sin_n in_o its_o birth_n and_o by_o bring_v offender_n to_o public_a shame_n and_o penalty_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o propagate_a the_o malignant_a influence_n of_o a_o bad_a example_n for_o this_o reason_n they_o watch_v over_o one_o another_o tell_v they_o private_o of_o their_o fault_n and_o failure_n and_o when_o that_o will_v not_o do_v bring_v they_o before_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o reckon_v up_o particular_a crime_n when_o none_o be_v spare_v only_o because_o in_o those_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o violent_a heat_n of_o persecution_n the_o great_a temptation_n which_o the_o weak_a and_o more_o unsettled_a christian_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v to_o deny_v their_o profession_n and_o to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o heathen-god_n therefore_o lapse_v into_o idolatry_n be_v the_o most_o common_a sin_n that_o come_v before_o they_o and_o of_o this_o they_o have_v very_o frequent_a instance_n it_o be_v that_o which_o for_o some_o age_n main_o exercise_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n this_o sin_n of_o idolatry_n or_o deny_v christ_n in_o those_o time_n be_v usual_o commit_v these_o three_o way_n sometime_o by_o expose_v the_o scripture_n to_o the_o rage_n and_o malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n which_o be_v account_v a_o virtual_a renounce_v christianity_n this_o be_v especial_o remarkable_a under_o the_o diocletian_a persecution_n in_o the_o african_a church_n for_o diocletian_a have_v put_v forth_o a_o edict_n that_o christian_n shall_v deliver_v up_o their_o scripture_n and_o the_o write_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v burn_v this_o command_n be_v prosecute_v with_o great_a rigour_n and_o fierceness_n and_o many_o christian_n to_o avoid_v the_o storm_n deliver_v up_o their_o bibles_n to_o the_o scorn_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o enemy_n hence_o they_o be_v style_v traditores_fw-la of_o who_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n in_o optatus_n and_o s._n augustin_n with_o who_o the_o orthodox_n refuse_v to_o join_v after_o the_o persecution_n be_v over_o the_o difference_n break_v out_o into_o schism_n and_o faction_n and_o give_v birth_n to_o that_o unhappy_a sect_n of_o the_o donatist_n which_o so_o much_o exercise_v the_o christian_a church_n otherwhile_o christian_n become_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n by_o actual_a sacrifice_a or_o worship_v idol_n these_o be_v call_v thurificati_fw-la from_o their_o burn_a incense_n upon_o the_o altar_n of_o the_o heathen_a deity_n and_o be_v the_o gross_a and_o vile_a sort_n of_o idolater_n other_o again_o fall_v into_o this_o sin_n by_o base_o corrupt_v the_o heathen_a magistrate_n and_o purchase_v a_o warrant_n of_o security_n from_o he_o to_o exempt_v they_o from_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o sacrifice_v and_o deny_v christ_n these_o be_v call_v libellatici_fw-la of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o afterward_o second_o what_o penalty_n and_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n and_o they_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n which_o as_o it_o transact_v only_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n so_o it_o can_v inflict_v no_o other_o than_o spiritual_a censure_n and_o chastisement_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o the_o first_o age_n especial_o the_o apostle_n have_v a_o power_n to_o inflict_v bodily_a punishment_n upon_o offender_n which_o they_o sometime_o make_v use_n of_o upon_o great_a occasion_n as_o s._n peter_n do_v towards_o ananias_n and_o saphira_n strike_v they_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n for_o their_o notorious_a cozenage_n and_o gross_a hypocrisy_n and_o s._n paul_n punish_v elymas_n with_o blindness_n for_o his_o perverse_a and_o malicious_a opposition_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o this_o doubtless_o he_o primary_o intend_v by_o his_o deliver_v over_o person_n unto_o satan_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o excommunicate_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o faithful_a but_o satan_n as_o the_o common_a sergeant_n and_o jailor_n seize_v upon_o they_o and_o either_o by_o actual_a possess_n or_o some_o other_o sign_n upon_o their_o body_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v deliver_v over_o into_o his_o power_n this_o can_v not_o but_o strike_v a_o mighty_a terror_n into_o man_n and_o make_v they_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n and_o questionless_a the_o main_a design_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n in_o afford_v this_o extraordinary_a gift_n be_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o civil_a and_o coercive_a power_n of_o which_o the_o church_n be_v then_o whole_o destitute_a and_o therefore_o need_v some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a assistance_n especial_o at_o its_o first_o constitution_n some_o visible_a and_o sensible_a punishment_n to_o keep_v its_o sentence_n and_o determination_n from_o be_v slight_v by_o bold_a and_o contumacious_a offender_n how_o long_o this_o miraculous_a power_n last_v in_o the_o church_n i_o know_v not_o or_o whether_o at_o all_o beyond_o the_o apostle_n age_n the_o common_a and_o stand_a penalty_n they_o make_v use_v of_o be_v excommunication_n or_o suspension_n from_o communion_n with_o the_o church_n the_o cut_v off_o and_o cast_v out_o a_o offend_a person_n as_o a_o rot_a and_o infect_a member_n till_o by_o repentance_n and_o wholesome_a discipline_n he_o be_v cure_v and_o restore_v and_o then_o he_o be_v readmit_v into_o church-society_n and_o to_o a_o participation_n of_o the_o ordinance_n and_o privilege_n of_o christianity_n this_o way_n of_o punish_v