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reason_n body_n soul_n union_n 2,456 5 9.5499 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A49314 A discourse concerning the nature of man both in his natural and political capacity, both as he is a rational creature and member of a civil society : with an examination of Mr. Hobbs's opinions relating hereunto / by Ja. Lowde ... Lowde, James. 1694 (1694) Wing L3299; ESTC R36487 110,040 272

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who_o thus_o suppose_v a_o corporeal_a god_n do_v also_o suppose_v a_o corporeal_a soul_n thus_o from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o ourselves_o we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n 3._o from_o hence_o also_o we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o the_o divine_a worship_n that_o see_v we_o consist_v of_o soul_n and_o body_n therefore_o must_v we_o offer_v both_o to_o god_n as_o our_o reasonable_a service_n for_o external_a solemnity_n and_o outward_a performance_n be_v not_o to_o be_v exclude_v out_o of_o the_o divine_a worship_n first_o because_o those_o immoderate_a pretence_n to_o spirituality_n be_v either_o the_o natural_a cause_n or_o necessary_a result_v of_o enthusiasm_n and_o fanaticism_n second_o by_o exclude_v those_o outward_a decent_a testimony_n of_o our_o inward_a devotion_n towards_o god_n we_o give_v occasion_n of_o scandal_n to_o heathen_n and_o those_o that_o be_v without_o for_o they_o will_v be_v apt_a either_o to_o entertain_v low_a and_o mean_a thought_n themselves_o or_o at_o least_o think_v that_o we_o do_v so_o of_o that_o god_n who_o we_o for_o aught_o they_o perceive_v do_v so_o rude_o worship_n but_o then_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n we_o must_v have_v a_o more_o especial_a regard_n to_o the_o soul_n for_o without_o this_o all_o our_o other_o performance_n be_v nothing_o but_o mere_a formality_n and_o hypocrisy_n chap._n ii_o of_o man_n as_o compound_v of_o soul_n and_o body_n what_o be_v the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o soul_n before_o its_o union_n with_o the_o body_n whether_o it_o enjoy_v any_o state_n of_o praeexistence_n or_o be_v then_o first_o create_v when_o first_o put_v into_o the_o body_n or_o if_o it_o do_v praeexi_v then_o in_o what_o manner_n whether_o in_o a_o pure_a separation_n from_o all_o matter_n or_o in_o conjunction_n with_o a_o etherial_a vehicle_n be_v not_o my_o design_n here_o to_o examine_v only_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n where_o inclination_n rather_o than_o any_o cogent_a reason_n of_o belief_n take_v place_n in_o thing_n where_o providence_n have_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o give_v we_o a_o certain_a or_o determinate_a truth_n of_o thing_n there_o man_n be_v usual_o determine_v to_o this_o or_o that_o side_n of_o the_o question_n by_o very_o accidental_a consideration_n as_o in_o this_o case_n of_o praeexistence_n by_o the_o more_o or_o less_o favourable_a apprehension_n they_o may_v have_v receive_v of_o the_o platonic_a or_o peripatetic_a philosophy_n or_o by_o those_o previous_a notion_n they_o have_v entertain_v of_o providence_n to_o which_o they_o think_v this_o or_o that_o opinion_n may_v seem_v more_o agreeable_a nor_o second_o shall_v i_o consider_v man_n in_o his_o natural_a or_o physical_a capacity_n that_o which_o i_o here_o design_n be_v a_o essay_n of_o moral_a or_o political_n rather_o than_o of_o natural_a philosophy_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o inquire_v into_o the_o more_o explicable_a mode_n of_o sensation_n or_o intellection_n much_o less_o shall_v i_o attempt_v to_o explain_v those_o natural_a mystery_n of_o humane_a nature_n viz._n the_o particular_a mode_n of_o the_o soul_n union_n with_o the_o body_n be_v discourage_v therefrom_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o the_o unsuccessful_a attempt_n of_o some_o who_o have_v endeavour_v to_o effect_v it_o claubergius_n have_v a_o discourse_n particular_o the_o conjunctione_n anime_fw-mi &_o corporis_fw-la but_o whether_o he_o have_v leave_v it_o any_o whit_n more_o plain_a and_o intelligible_a than_o he_o find_v it_o i_o shall_v submit_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o peruse_v it_o his_o way_n be_v this_o the_o soul_n say_v he_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o body_n by_o those_o mutual_a action_n that_o pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o more_o especial_o by_o those_o more_o confuse_a operation_n of_o sense_n and_o by_o the_o less_o distinct_a perception_n of_o mind_n and_o in_o his_o 37th_o chap._n he_o tell_v we_o that_o homo_fw-la alius_fw-la alio_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la seipso_fw-la diver_n so_o tempore_fw-la magis_fw-la minúsve_fw-la homo_fw-la censeri_fw-la debet_fw-la for_o according_a to_o he_o the_o denomination_n of_o a_o man_n as_o such_o consist_v chief_o in_o such_o a_o union_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o body_n which_o be_v more_o especial_o perform_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o sense_n now_o i_o see_v not_o why_o that_o especial_o shall_v denominate_v we_o man_n wherein_o we_o come_v the_o near_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o brute_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n why_o a_o contemplative_a person_n one_o who_o enjoy_v a_o more_o quick_a and_o lively_a exercise_n of_o his_o high_a faculty_n why_o such_o a_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v count_v as_o much_o yea_o more_o a_o man_n than_o he_o that_o live_v more_o by_o sense_n that_o the_o soul_n do_v make_v use_n more_o especial_o of_o the_o body_n and_o bodily_a representation_n in_o these_o action_n of_o sense_n be_v very_o true_a but_o if_o we_o inquire_v far_o how_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o body_n even_o in_o these_o more_o confuse_a operation_n the_o difficulty_n will_v perhaps_o still_o return_v nor_o shall_v i_o here_o dispute_v whether_o the_o soul_n immediate_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o whole_a frame_n or_o of_o the_o more_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o body_n do_v thereupon_o by_o its_o own_o activity_n quit_v its_o station_n and_o launch_v into_o those_o other_o unknown_a region_n or_o whether_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v not_o also_o require_v which_o seem_v as_o probable_a as_o immediate_a a_o act_n of_o god_n to_o take_v it_o out_o as_o there_o be_v to_o put_v it_o into_o the_o body_n only_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o god_n both_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o his_o reveal_v law_n have_v make_v the_o union_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o body_n so_o sacred_a that_o it_o now_o become_v absolute_o unlawful_a for_o we_o by_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o ourselves_o to_o separate_v those_o who_o god_n have_v thus_o strict_o join_v together_o that_o whatever_o natural_a tie_n it_o be_v under_o as_o to_o the_o body_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o ought_v not_o to_o quit_v its_o station_n without_o a_o lawful_a warrant_n from_o its_o great_a commander_n i_o shall_v here_o rather_o state_n the_o question_n betwixt_o the_o stoic_n and_o epicurean_o and_o show_v their_o several_a error_n and_o mistake_n on_o either_o hand_n the_o one_o by_o ascribe_v too_o little_a to_o the_o body_n and_o too_o much_o to_o the_o soul_n the_o other_o by_o attribute_v too_o much_o to_o the_o body_n and_o too_o little_a to_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o account_n they_o give_v of_o humane_a nature_n the_o stoic_n will_v make_v man_n so_o whole_o rational_a that_o they_o will_v scarce_o allow_v he_o to_o be_v sensible_a and_o will_v whole_o exclude_v all_o natural_a affection_n and_o bodily_a passion_n out_o of_o humane_a nature_n and_o the_o epicurean_o on_o the_o contrary_a make_v all_o the_o most_o noble_a action_n of_o the_o soul_n mere_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o design_n of_o such_o pleasure_n as_o be_v real_o below_o the_o true_a happiness_n of_o the_o soul_n by_o the_o body_n here_o i_o understand_v all_o those_o passion_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o belong_v to_o man_n more_o immediate_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o body_n all_o those_o motion_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o inferior_a appetite_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v natural_a the_o design_n therefore_o of_o the_o stoic_n to_o root_v these_o passion_n out_o of_o humane_a nature_n be_v first_o impossible_a second_o it_o will_v be_v prejudicial_a thereunto_o be_v it_o feisible_a for_o these_o when_o due_o regulate_v become_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o moral_a virtue_n and_o also_o add_v vigour_n and_o wing_n to_o the_o soul_n in_o its_o pursuit_n of_o virtue_n among_o the_o many_o charge_n bring_v against_o stoicism_n that_o of_o pride_n and_o arrogance_n seem_v the_o most_o obvious_a and_o the_o most_o unanswerable_a it_o natural_o tend_v to_o beget_v such_o haughty_a thought_n of_o one_o self_n as_o be_v indeed_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o state_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o frail_a and_o depend_v creature_n what_o a_o prodigious_a thing_n do_v they_o make_v their_o wise_a man_n far_o above_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v call_v mortal_a and_o in_o some_o respect_v equal_a to_o god_n himself_o as_o for_o repentance_n they_o look_v upon_o that_o as_o a_o mean_a thing_n far_o below_o the_o height_n of_o their_o attainment_n innocence_n indeed_o be_v better_a than_o repentance_n but_o for_o they_o to_o pretend_v unto_o it_o argue_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pride_n found_v upon_o a_o bad_a understanding_n of_o their_o own_o state_n but_o this_o description_n which_o they_o give_v of_o a_o wise_a man_n be_v of_o some_o thing_n which_o perhaps_o they_o may_v fancy_v in_o their_o mind_n but_o
of_o the_o case_n before_o the_o fall_n it_o be_v proportionable_o the_o same_o since_o for_o though_o the_o fall_n do_v very_o much_o weaken_v our_o facultic_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o whole_o alter_v or_o invert_v the_o method_n of_o acquire_v or_o retain_v knowledge_n there_o be_v indeed_o some_o who_o define_v a_o idea_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o similitude_n or_o representation_n of_o a_o thing_n make_v in_o the_o brain_n which_o definition_n be_v so_o peculiar_o appropriate_v to_o mere_a sense_n and_o fancy_n they_o can_v conceive_v any_o idea_n or_o conception_n to_o reside_v any_o where_o else_o and_o that_o we_o talk_v mystical_o and_o unintelligible_o if_o we_o suppose_v any_o other_o idea_n to_o which_o that_o definition_n do_v not_o or_o can_v belong_v but_o though_o it_o may_v be_v just_o question_v whether_o the_o mode_n of_o sensation_n be_v yet_o full_o and_o clear_o explicate_v viz._n how_o the_o fancy_n can_v represent_v outward_a object_n in_o proportionable_a similitude_n to_o the_o superior_a perceptive_a faculty_n see_v perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o any_o thing_n beside_o motion_n can_v be_v communicate_v to_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n yet_o i_o shall_v at_o present_a grant_n that_o the_o understanding_n do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o fancy_n for_o the_o apprehend_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v there_o first_o impress_v and_o thus_o i_o here_o suppose_v all_o material_a object_n be_v apprehend_v by_o such_o sensible_a representation_n but_o now_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o understanding_n can_v frame_v right_a notion_n or_o apprehesion_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o according_a to_o our_o mode_n of_o conception_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o fancy_n whether_o there_o be_v not_o some_o thing_n knowable_a both_o moral_a and_o intellectual_a object_n relate_v both_o to_o truth_n and_o goodness_n which_o be_v not_o and_o can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o sense_n so_o that_o whatever_o it_o be_v that_o terminate_v the_o act_n of_o the_o understanding_n that_o may_v be_v proper_o call_v a_o idea_n notion_n or_o conception_n nihil_fw-la est_fw-la intellectu_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o can_v be_v universal_o true_a in_o that_o latitude_n wherein_o some_o will_v take_v it_o for_o aristotle_n himself_o grant_v a_o power_n of_o judge_v of_o draw_v consequence_n from_o particular_a instance_n to_o the_o understanding_n which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o sense_n and_o this_o power_n i_o suppose_v will_v be_v grant_v to_o be_v something_o and_o indeed_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o he_o do_v not_o extend_v that_o say_v any_o further_a than_o as_o it_o relate_v only_o to_o sensible_a and_o material_a object_n one_o argument_n common_o make_v use_n of_o to_o prove_v the_o soul_n distinct_a from_o the_o body_n do_v also_o prove_v the_o operation_n of_o sense_n and_o fancy_n distinct_a from_o those_o of_o the_o understanding_n that_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n say_v they_o by_o which_o we_o reason_n and_o judge_v of_o object_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o body_n that_o it_o must_v withdraw_v itself_o from_o all_o bodily_a representation_n when_o it_o set_v itself_o to_o contemplate_v more_o speculative_a and_o sublime_a truth_n for_o if_o the_o soul_n shall_v always_o frame_v its_o notion_n according_a to_o the_o notice_n of_o sense_n this_o will_v only_o betray_v it_o into_o error_n but_o now_o when_o it_o abstract_n from_o this_o and_o with_o reason_n correct_v what_o may_v be_v there_o just_o deem_v amiss_o this_o evident_o show_v the_o distinction_n of_o these_o two_o faculty_n and_o the_o superiority_n of_o the_o one_o above_o the_o other_o so_o that_o that_o opinion_n w_o ch_n make_v the_o soul_n so_o whole_o to_o depend_v upon_o the_o representation_n of_o sense_n in_o all_o its_o operation_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o bad_a influence_n upon_o the_o belief_n of_o its_o immateriality_n or_o however_o upon_o the_o excellency_n of_o its_o way_n of_o act_v by_o make_v it_o more_o subject_a to_o the_o body_n than_o god_n and_o nature_n ever_o make_v it_o those_o therefore_o who_o either_o from_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o accidental_a bad_a use_n that_o some_o man_n make_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o these_o two_o faculty_n or_o from_o the_o difficulty_n they_o themselves_o find_v in_o assign_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o be_v therefore_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n at_o all_o these_o man_n like_o unskilful_a artist_n do_v rather_o cut_v then_o loose_a the_o knot_n and_o like_o those_o inconsiderate_a man_n who_o from_o the_o difficulty_n and_o seem_a irregularity_n of_o providence_n or_o from_o their_o own_o inability_n or_o unwillingness_n to_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o solve_v they_o do_v take_v as_o they_o think_v this_o more_o compendious_a way_n to_o extricate_v themselves_o viz._n to_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o providence_n in_o the_o world_n but_o it_o be_v here_o object_v that_o the_o opinion_n which_o i_o here_o assert_v lay_v a_o foundation_n for_o fanaticism_n and_o enthusiasm_n as_o it_o give_v occasion_n for_o the_o enthusiast_n to_o think_v that_o those_o man_n be_v too_o much_o immerse_v in_o matter_n and_o too_o great_a slave_n to_o sense_n and_o fancy_n who_o do_v not_o present_o apprehend_v their_o pretend_a illumination_n and_o mysterious_a nonsense_n i_o shall_v here_o therefore_o brief_o show_v wherein_o the_o nature_n of_o enthusiasm_n do_v proper_o consist_v and_o that_o this_o opinion_n which_o i_o here_o assert_v be_v no_o way_n chargeable_a with_o give_v any_o occasion_n or_o encouragement_n to_o it_o but_o 1._o we_o may_v observe_v that_o god_n in_o the_o wise_a disposal_n of_o his_o providence_n have_v many_o time_n place_v truth_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o error_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o disparagement_n to_o it_o if_o sometime_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o vicinity_n it_o may_v accidental_o give_v occasion_n to_o it_o this_o shall_v rather_o teach_v we_o the_o true_a exercise_n of_o our_o understanding_n to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o false_a gloss_n and_o plausible_a appearance_n of_o error_n and_o the_o reality_n of_o truth_n 2._o i_o shall_v not_o here_o go_v about_o to_o recriminate_a for_o to_o asperse_v other_o man_n opinion_n be_v not_o to_o vindicate_v our_o own_o for_o though_o they_o may_v be_v charge_v with_o as_o bad_a consequence_n as_o those_o they_o cast_v upon_o we_o yet_o this_o will_v not_o make_v our_o own_o innocent_a if_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o obnoxious_a i_o may_v perhaps_o with_o as_o much_o or_o more_o reason_n charge_n aristotle_n opinion_n nihil_fw-la est_fw-la in_o intellectu_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la prius_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o sensu_fw-la with_o give_v countenance_n to_o atheism_n as_o the_o contrary_n do_v to_o enthusiasm_n dr._n cudworth_n 5_o chap._n intellectual_a systeme_n this_o be_v bries_o premise_v i_o answer_v that_o according_a to_o the_o most_o rational_a account_n of_o enthusiasm_n which_o find_v it_o only_o in_o some_o irregular_a and_o turbulent_a motion_n arise_v from_o the_o body_n and_o act_v more_o especial_o upon_o the_o scene_n of_o fancy_n according_a to_o this_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o the_o aforesaid_a opinion_n have_v any_o more_o influence_n upon_o enthusiasm_n than_o it_o have_v upon_o any_o other_o error_n and_o false_a opinion_n whatever_o thus_o the_o enthusiast_n together_o with_o most_o other_o err_a person_n do_v take_v their_o own_o mistake_a fancy_n and_o false_a apprehension_n for_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o understanding_n so_o that_o enthusiasm_n seem_v rather_o sound_v in_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n in_o not_o distinguish_v betwixt_o these_o two_o and_o the_o enthusiast_n of_o all_o other_o seem_v the_o least_o chargeable_a with_o this_o error_n if_o it_o be_v one_o of_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o phantasin_n of_o sense_n and_o imagination_n and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o understanding_n for_o as_o such_o he_o scarce_o acknowledge_v any_o high_a faculty_n in_o the_o soul_n than_o that_o of_o fancy_n so_o that_o that_o opinion_n of_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o representation_n of_o sense_n and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o understanding_n have_v not_o any_o natural_a tendency_n to_o favour_n enthusiasm_n unless_o we_o make_v it_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o first_o grand_a foundation_n of_o all_o error_n and_o mistake_n in_o general_a for_o almost_o all_o err_a person_n do_v tell_v those_o that_o differ_v from_o they_o that_o either_o they_o be_v not_o speculative_a enough_o right_o to_o apprehend_v their_o notion_n or_o that_o they_o be_v too_o much_o prejudice_v with_o false_a opinion_n ready_o to_o entertain_v they_o as_o a_o appendix_n to_o this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v some_o short_a reflection_n upon_o the_o 10_o chap._n 3._o lib._n of_o p._n poiret_n cogitat_fw-la rationales_fw-la de_fw-la deo_fw-la and_o