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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
reason_n body_n soul_n union_n 2,456 5 9.5499 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A26335 An essay concerning self-murther wherein is endeavour'd to prove that it is unlawful according to natural principles : with some considerations upon what is pretended from the said principles, by the author of a treatise intituled, Biathanatos, and others / by J. Adams ... Adams, John, 1662-1720. 1700 (1700) Wing A483; ESTC R22152 139,541 336

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own_o reason_n in_o what_o appear_v to_o he_o good_a or_o evil_a in_o embrace_v the_o first_o and_o avoid_v the_o latter_a though_o he_o may_v be_v mistake_v follow_v his_o own_o nature_n according_o if_o he_o can_v obtain_v that_o in_o which_o he_o place_v his_o happiness_n and_o his_o life_n become_v miserable_a upon_o this_o account_n he_o follow_v nature_n who_o lay_v it_o down_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v reply_v that_o to_o sollow_v one_o own_o nature_n can_v be_v any_o exemption_n from_o what_o be_v say_v before_o nor_o be_v the_o account_n which_o have_v be_v give_v there_o too_o general_a for_o as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o end_n of_o life_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n this_o belong_v equal_o to_o humane_a nature_n in_o general_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o man_n be_v rational_a either_o then_o by_o this_o be_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o the_o follow_v of_o humane_a nature_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o all_o mankind_n be_v to_o act_n or_o else_o we_o must_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o particular_a rule_n or_o law_n give_v to_o every_o individual_a person_n different_a from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o same_o species_n which_o he_o alone_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v but_o this_o will_v be_v more_o unreasonable_a than_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o every_o subject_a of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o general_a law_n of_o that_o country_n but_o that_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a private_a law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o act_n and_o that_o too_o often_o in_o direct_a opposition_n to_o the_o other_o 2._o by_o follow_v once_o own_o nature_n perhaps_o be_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o zeno_n maxim_n 185_o maxim_n or_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d diog._n laer_n p._n 185_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o i_o think_v may_v be_v render_v the_o live_n conformable_o or_o consistent_o i.e._n the_o be_v the_o same_o in_o opinion_n humour_n manner_n the_o have_v one_o life_n all_o of_o a_o piece_n whatsoever_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o they_o also_o call_v 1._o call_v ci●…ero_n de_fw-fr offic._n lib._n 1._o decorum_n as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v of_o a_o easy_a and_o oblige_a temper_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o in_o adversity_n as_o well_o as_o prosperity_n sickness_n and_o health_n to_o the_o mean_a poor_a man_n as_o to_o the_o great_a potentate_n if_o of_o a_o grave_a austere_a way_n which_o be_v that_o which_o they_o choose_v he_o shall_v carry_v that_o on_o through_o the_o worst_a event_n and_o nothing_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v he_o the_o maintain_v either_o of_o these_o or_o any_o other_o particular_a character_n may_v be_v call_v the_o follow_v of_o one_o own_o nature_n but_o though_o man_n may_v choose_v different_a way_n of_o behaviour_n according_a to_o their_o fancy_n or_o constitution_n yet_o this_o must_v still_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o former_a universal_a maxim_n the_o live_a according_a to_o nature_n as_o humane_a and_o reasonable_a otherwise_o the_o character_n whatever_o it_o be_v will_v be_v vicious_a and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o worse_a to_o maintain_v it_o and_o equal_o absurd_a whether_o a_o man_n be_v always_o affable_o or_o surlily_n the_o same_o if_o always_o in_o the_o wrong_n so_o that_o this_o regard_v only_o the_o outside_n the_o dress_n of_o virtue_n the_o particular_a fashion_n which_o she_o be_v to_o appear_v in_o let_v man_n be_v sure_a of_o her_o first_o by_o follow_v nature_n as_o humane_a in_o general_n and_o then_o they_o may_v give_v she_o what_o appearance_n they_o please_v by_o follow_v their_o own_o nature_n this_o will_v be_v further_o explain_v in_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o next_o part_n of_o the_o objection_n abovementioned_a 11●…_n abovementioned_a see_v more_o to_o this_o purpose_n chap._n 11●…_n 3._o by_o follow_v once_o own_o nature_n some_o will_v have_v mean_v the_o follow_v a_o particular_a opinion_n or_o humour_n the_o indulge_v that_o particular_a appetite_n or_o passion_n which_o by_o education_n example_n or_o constitution_n have_v get_v the_o ascendant_n which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o objection_n to_o follow_v nature_n be_v to_o seek_v to_o be_v happy_a happiness_n consist_v in_o obtain_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a to_o i_o and_o avoid_v that_o which_o seem_v evil_a i_o and_o no_o other_o must_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o this_o wherefore_o if_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a and_o death_n a_o good_a to_o i_o by_o the_o want_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o which_o i_o place_v my_o happiness_n or_o by_o the_o suffer_a any_o thing_n in_o which_o i_o place_v my_o misery_n i_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n in_o kill_v myself_o and_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v not_o transgress_v by_o my_o do_v so_o but_o cease_v natural_o this_o be_v propose_v to_o be_v answer_v by_o show_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o in_o what_o happiness_n or_o misery_n good_a or_o evil_a as_o to_o humane_a life_n do_v real_o consist_v 2._o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o every_o man_n be_v be_v leave_v to_o himself_o to_o follow_v what_o seem_v good_a or_o evil_a to_o he_o and_o to_o dispose_v of_o life_n according_o as_o to_o the_o first_o happiness_n true_o cons●…s_v in_o the_o observe_v the_o end_n of_o life_n which_o have_v be_v so_o often_o mention_v as_o this_o be_v 17._o be_v see_v chap._n 2._o p._n 17._o do_v more_o or_o less_o man_n be_v proportionable_o happy_a as_o it_o be_v omit_v proportionable_o miserable_a but_o in_o the_o common_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n happiness_n signify_v the_o enjoyment_n of_o a_o man_n desire_n whatever_o they_o be_v and_o for_o any_o one_o to_o say_v that_o he_o can_v be_v happy_a without_o such_o or_o such_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n and_o that_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a of_o his_o whole_a life_n depend_v upon_o it_o signify_v nothing_o but_o the_o vehemence_n of_o that_o man_n desire_n not_o that_o there_o be_v any_o real_a happiness_n in_o obtain_v it_o or_o misery_n in_o sail_v of_o it_o it_o prove_v most_o common_o quite_o contrary_a that_o the_o more_o a_o man_n enjoy_v what_o he_o vehement_o desire_v the_o more_o miserable_a he_o be_v afterward_o and_o then_o 24._o then_o ridiculum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la cu●…re_fw-la tadio_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la cum_fw-la ●…nere_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la ●…t_fw-la ●…lum_fw-la ci●…_n ad_fw-la mor●…_n effeceris_fw-la sen._n ●…pilt_v 24._o forsooth_o life_n seem_v a_o evil_a to_o he_o and_o amid_o the_o discontent_n and_o vexation_n which_o come_v upon_o he_o at_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o folly_n and_o the_o just_a reproof_n of_o his_o reason_n he_o tell_v you_o very_o philosophical_o that_o he_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n in_o deliver_v himself_o from_o what_o be_v evil_a when_o he_o have_v be_v act_v against_o nature_n against_o good_a sense_n for_o that_o be_v humane_a nature_n all_o the_o while_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v so_o instead_o of_o recover_v the_o way_n which_o he_o have_v lose_v and_o begin_v true_o to_o follow_v nature_n he_o desert_n it_o whole_o and_o irrecoverable_o and_o offer_v the_o great_a and_o most_o positive_a violence_n to_o it_o by_o self-murder_n but_o the_o mistake_v concern_v happiness_n or_o misery_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o mistake_v concern_v good_a and_o evil_a and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o they_o as_o humane_a life_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o soul_n and_o body_n so_o what_o be_v good_a must_v be_v consider_v in_o a_o twofold_a manner_n as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o soul_n or_o to_o the_o body_n 1._o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o soul_n the_o regulate_a and_o improve_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n this_o be_v usual_o call_v moral_a good_a and_o the_o contrary_a moral_a evil._n or_o else_o two_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o body_n the_o health_n or_o the_o preservation_n of_o it_o for_o which_o end_v the_o several_a way_n of_o perception_n common_o call_v sense_n be_v ordain_v by_o which_o notice_n be_v give_v to_o reason_n what_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o maintain_v this_o union_n and_o preserve_v life_n or_o what_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o destroy_v it_o this_o be_v common_o call_v sensitive_a good_a and_o the_o contrary_a sensitive_a evil._n to_o bring_v this_o to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n suppose_v that_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v be_v a_o proper_a rule_n and_o end_v of_o humane_a action_n there_o be_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o good_a as_o have_v be_v show_v moral_a or_o sensitive_a but_o through_o which_o of_o these_o be_v it_o that_o self-murder_n can_v appear_v lawful_a if_o moral_a good_a tend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o also_o to_o the_o prolong_n of_o
to_o that_o in_o particular_a 1._o since_o god_n himself_o who_o be_v absolute_o free_a chooses_z to_o act_v always_o according_a to_o some_o method_n which_o be_v a_o rule_n to_o himself_o the_o same_o with_o right_n and_o eternal_a reason_n and_o yet_o his_o liberty_n be_v not_o prejudice_v by_o act_v so_o then_o although_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o act_v by_o some_o rule_n law_n or_o principle_n yet_o since_o they_o issue_v out_o from_o the_o same_o fountain_n of_o eternal_a reason_n this_o be_v not_o any_o prejudice_n to_o his_o natural_a liberty_n 2._o since_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o these_o be_v some_o of_o those_o rule_n viz._n that_o the_o end_n for_o which_o a_o creature_n be_v make_v or_o have_v life_n give_v he_o aught_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o god_n propriety_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v desiroy_v that_o whatever_o may_v prove_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n aught_o to_o be_v avoid_v and_o since_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n have_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v a_o direct_a breach_n of_o every_o one_o of_o these_o rule_n than_o it_o follow_v that_o man_n natural_a of_o liberty_n can_v be_v no_o just_a 〈◊〉_d for_o self-murder_n the_o same_o argument_n will_v serve_v also_o against_o all_o unwarrantable_a hazard_n of_o life_n and_o run_v into_o great_a and_o unnecessary_a danger_n especial_o by_o duel_v likewise_o against_o all_o vice_n of_o excess_n and_o intemperance_n which_o concern_v a_o man_n own_o person_n only_o seem_v to_o be_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o natural_a liberty_n ii_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o be_o to_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o liberty_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o body_n and_o whether_o any_o evil_a that_o oppress_v the_o body_n can_v be_v destructive_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o man_n consist_v of_o a_o soul_n and_o body_n his_o liberty_n must_v be_v consider_v in_o relation_n to_o both_o man_n liberty_n as_o to_o his_o soul_n or_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o its_o faculty_n understanding_n and_o will_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v just_a now_o show_v his_o slavery_n as_o to_o his_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o lose_v the_o free_a use_n of_o these_o and_o in_o their_o subjection_n to_o irregular_a passion_n and_o appetri●…es_n man_n liberty_n as_o to_o his_o body_n consist_v in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o its_o power_n as_o to_z motion_n and_o sensation_n and_o his_o slavery_n as_o to_o this_o in_o the_o abridgement_n of_o this_o motion_n or_o in_o its_o be_v at_o another_o disposal_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o sensation_n or_o in_o its_o become_a grievous_a to_o he_o in_o pain_n and_o torture_n scipionis_fw-la *_o vid._n somnium_fw-la scipionis_fw-la now_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o dignity_n of_o humane_a nature_n man_n liberty_n must_v depend_v upon_o the_o mind_n chiesly_a for_o when_o all_o be_v do_v the_o mind_n be_v the_o man_n mens_fw-la cujusque_fw-la be_v est_fw-la cuique_fw-la the_o body_n be_v but_o of_o very_a small_a consideration_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o other_o the_o body_n may_v be_v enslave_v without_o a_o man_n be_v own_o salt_n it_o be_v liable_a to_o outward_a force_n as_o well_o as_o inward_a decay_n of_o nature_n but_o still_o the_o mind_n may_v continue_v free_a this_o can_v be_v enslave_v but_o by_o a_o man_n be_v own_o fault_n and_o when_o it_o be_v so_o its_o liberty_n may_v be_v recover_v again_o if_o the_o person_n please_v and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o occasion_n of_o self-murder_n upon_o this_o account_n plotinus_n 13._o plotinus_n apud_fw-la mac●…obium_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 13._o give_v admirable_a directious_a in_o this_o case_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o ther●…_n be_v two_o kind_n of_o death_n a_o philosophical_a and_o a_o natural_a one_o that_o the_o first_o be_v in_o our_o power_n but_o not_o the_o latter_a that_o if_o man_n will_v be_v free_a from_o any_o evil_n of_o life_n they_o may_v be_v so_o by_o die_v philosophical_o and_o this_o say_v he_o be_v the_o only_a voluntary_a death_n that_o be_v commendable_a that_o which_o we_o bring_v ourselves_o to_o by_o reason_n not_o by_o poison_n by_o prudaence_n not_o by_o any_o weapon_n as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o question_n whether_o any_o evil_a that_o oppress_v the_o body_n may_v be_v destructive_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n this_o have_v be_v in_o part_n answer_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n some_o evil_n of_o the_o body_n as_o extreme_a pain_n and_o sickness_n may_v destroy_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o cause_n madness_n and_o then_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v destroy_v indeed_o but_o while_o reason_n remain_v liberty_n must_v remain_v also_o the_o mind_n can_v be_v enslave_v though_o beset_v by_o various_a evil_n till_o it_o base_o surrender_v up_o to_o they_o no_o more_o than_o a_o city_n be_v enslave_v when_o it_o be_v only_o besiege_v and_o defend_v itself_o valiant_o nay_o not_o so_o much_o since_o the_o avenue_n of_o reason_n in_o those_o who_o be_v adult_v especial_o can_v be_v shut_v up_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o great_a the_o evil_n be_v which_o beset_v the_o body_n the_o more_o may_v the_o mind_n enlarge_v its_o liberty_n by_o the_o practise_n of_o several_a virtue_n which_o it_o will_v not_o have_v have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o exercise_v otherwise_o all_o virtue_n be_v the_o different_a way_n of_o the_o soul_n exert_v its_o power_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o evil_n of_o the_o body_n give_v it_o great_a opportunity_n to_o exert_v this_o power_n and_o require_v withal_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v exert_v with_o great_a strength_n and_o vigour_n then_o these_o evil_n will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o abridge_n its_o liberty_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o enlarge_v it_o for_o the_o more_o virtue_n be_v have_v to_o practice_n the_o more_o different_a way_n must_v it_o have_v to_o move_v in_o the_o wide_a must_v its_o range_n and_o compass_n be_v and_o consequent_o the_o great_a its_o liberty_n and_o as_o to_o the_o case_n of_o extreme_a pain_n in_o particular_a which_o be_v so_o common_o plead_v upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o body_n indeed_o may_v be_v lose_v it_o may_v be_v confine_v 〈◊〉_d and_o torture_v by_o tyrant_n or_o discase_n but_o unless_o this_o shall_v cause_v madness_n it_o will_v not_o destroy_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v the_o union_n of_o the_o body_n and_o mind_n be_v very_o close_o and_o all_o perception_n end_v in_o the_o soul_n and_o therefore_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o body_n may_v be_v very_o grievous_a to_o it_o but_o though_o very_o grievous_a yet_o rare_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o prove_v destructive_a to_o its_o reason_n extreme_a pain_n be_v the_o true_a test_n of_o a_o great_a and_o upright_a mind_n but_o although_o it_o may_v force_v a_o man_n to_o lament_v it_o need_v not_o to_o rebel_n it_o may_v affect_v he_o with_o sorrow_n but_o not_o cast_v he_o down_o into_o despair_n and_o where_o reason_n struggle_v faithful_o to_o retain_v its_o power_n courage_n honour_n justice_n constancy_n and_o great_a example_n will_v be_v call_v in_o to_o help_v to_o resist_v what_o be_v sensitive_a evil_n rather_o than_o a_o good_a man_n shall_v fall_v into_o what_o be_v moral_o so_o rather_o than_o he_o shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o a_o unjust_a action_n to_o fly_v from_o pain_n when_o this_o be_v only_a co●…ardise_n and_o weakness_n though_o colour_v over_o with_o the_o plausible_a name_n of_o liberty_n when_o pain_n be_v increase_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o destroy_v reason_n the_o dispute_n be_v at_o a_o end_n but_o let_v man_n have_v a_o care_n lest_o they_o shall_v fancy_v or_o grant_v themselves_o to_o be_v mad_a only_o through_o impatience_n and_o indulge_v passion_n and_o then_o afterward_o make_v use_n of_o their_o reason_n to_o contrive_v their_o self-destruction_n if_o you_o cry_v out_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a that_o the_o pain_n be_v too_o great_a to_o be_v endure_v that_o you_o can_v possible_o bear_v so_o much_o torture_v what_o do_v you_o mean_v by_o this_o that_o it_o will_v kill_v you_o or_o that_o you_o have_v not_o strength_n and_o patience_n to_o undergo_v it_o if_o it_o will_v kill_v you_o what_o need_v of_o self-murder_n the_o more_o violent_a the_o pain_n be_v the_o more_o short_a will_v it_o be_v and_o if_o a_o tyrant_n inslict_v it_o how_o much_o better_a be_v it_o as_o good_a darius_n say_v 12._o say_v forsitan_fw-la mireris_fw-la quod_fw-la vitam_fw-la non_fw-la siniam_fw-la alicno_fw-la scelere_fw-la quam_fw-la meo_fw-la mori_fw-la malo_fw-la q._n curtius_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 12._o to_o die_v by_o another_o wickedness_n than_o by_o your_o own_o if_o you_o mean_v the_o latter_a trust_v nature_n
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consist_v in_o attacking_z evil_a the_o measure_n of_o this_o be_v that_o the_o evil_n be_v real_a which_o we_o attack_z that_o it_o be_v attack_v with_o 1._o with_o ea_fw-la animi_fw-la el●…tio_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o periculis_fw-la cernitur_fw-la si_fw-la justitia_fw-la vaca●…_n in_o vitio_fw-la est_fw-la itaque_fw-la probe_n dehnitur_fw-la à_fw-la stoicis_fw-la fortitudo_fw-la virtus_fw-la propugn●…ms_fw-la pro_fw-la aquitate_fw-la cicero_n de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d lib._n 1._o justice_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o man_n courage_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o his_o ambition_n his_o covetousness_n anger_n or_o revenge_n for_o these_o will_v make_v he_o not_o only_o fancy_v evil_a where_o there_o be_v none_o but_o attack_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v most_o unjust_a in_o this_o regard_n beast_n use_v their_o courage_n better_o than_o man_n they_o always_o do_v it_o in_o defence_n of_o life_n to_o supply_v their_o hunger_n or_o to_o escape_v death_n when_o threaten_v some_o other_o way_n but_o man_n employ_v it_o against_o man_n when_o life_n be_v far_o from_o be_v in_o danger_n only_o to_o usurp_v over_o he_o and_o therefore_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n be_v rare_o employ_v by_o good_a man_n unless_o upon_o extreme_a necessity_n and_o yet_o even_o where_o such_o necessity_n require_v it_o it_o must_v be_v always_o close_o attend_v by_o justice_n and_o goodness_n without_o which_o it_o will_v be_v nothing_o but_o injurious_a insolence_n yet_o common_o speak_v there_o be_v seldom_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n less_o regard_v than_o justice_n by_o those_o who_o value_v themselves_o most_o upon_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n push_v courage_n as_o some_o call_v it_o and_o what_o be_v most_o strange_a although_o the_o world_n sut●…ers_v so_o much_o by_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o it_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o admire_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o impudence_n and_o cruelty_n noise_n and_o madness_n want_v of_o sense_n as_o 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and_o be_v general_o selt_z more_o by_o the_o hero_n own_o country_n than_o those_o which_o he_o add_v to_o it_o and_o what_o shall_v be_v mean_v by_o such_o a_o one_o the_o great_a the_o great_a promoter_n of_o art_n and_o science_n the_o great_a encourager_n of_o virtue_n no_o the_o great_a invader_n and_o destroyer_n of_o mankind_n or_o what_o be_v many_o of_o the_o hero_n of_o poetry_n if_o strip_v of_o the_o ornament_n of_o number_n wit_n and_o eloquence_n and_o consider_v in_o themselves_o beside_o how_o oft_o be_v the_o poet_n misunderstand_v and_o think_v to_o paint_n a_o demi-god_n when_o he_o intend_v perhaps_o a_o centaur_n thus_o alexander_n himself_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v mislead_v when_o come_v to_o achilles_n tomb_n poeta_fw-la tomb_n cicero_n pro_fw-la archia_fw-la poeta_fw-la he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v cry_v out_o o_o happy_a youth_n who_o have_v such_o a_o poet_n as_o homer_n to_o record_v thy_o deed_n this_o false_a admiration_n betray_v he_o into_o one_o of_o the_o worst_a action_n of_o his_o life_n the_o drag_v the_o 4._o the_o quint._n curtius_n lib._n 4._o gallant_a batis_n governor_n of_o gaza_n round_o that_o town_n as_o the_o other_o have_v do_v hector_n only_o for_o have_v defend_v it_o faithful_o and_o honourable_o homer_n indeed_o be_v a_o admirable_a poet_n he_o always_o draw_v to_o the_o life_n whatever_o the_o original_a be_v he_o represent_v thersites_n naturally_n so_o do_v he_o achilles_n too_o but_o this_o be_v the_o worse_a for_o he_o for_o achilles_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o insolent_a bravo_n lustful_a passionate_a inexorable_a barbarous_a homer_n design_n in_o that_o poem_n be_v to_o show_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o dissension_n among_o general_n of_o several_a government_n in_o the_o same_o intre●…t_n a_o last_a lesson_n for_o greece_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a little_a state_n not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o pattern_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o insolence_n break_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o death_n of_o so_o many_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d indeed_o few_o hero_n will_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o their_o poet_n or_o historian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v they_o justice_n these_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o mistake_v concern_v this_o sort_n 〈◊〉_d courage_n which_o impose_v upon_o mankind_n first_o by_o its_o noise_n and_o splendour_n and_o afterward_o often_o enslave_v they_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o particular_a in_o this_o matter_n because_o this_o lawless_a arrogance_n which_o be_v often_o sour_v into_o a_o surly_a brutishness_n after_o it_o have_v be_v long_o injurious_a to_o man_n and_o insolent_a to_o god_n when_o any_o thing_n happen_v cross_a to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v check_v or_o control_v by_o providence_n be_v very_o apt_a to_o fly_v out_o into_o rage_n and_o indignation_n and_o because_o it_o can_v reach_v that_o fall_v upon_o itself_o and_o so_o become_v one_o of_o the_o most_o common_a cause_n of_o self-murder_n which_o ignorant_a people_n take_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o courage_n according_o 2._o the_o other_o part_n of_o courage_n consist_v in_o the_o resistance_n of_o evil._n and_o be_v that_o firmness_n and_o constancy_n of_o mind_n whereby_o it_o support_v itself_o undaunted_o under_o all_o calamity_n this_o be_v the_o more_o noble_a sort_n of_o courage_n because_o a_o man_n can_v be_v unjust_a here_o towards_o his_o neighbour_n or_o towards_o his_o god_n for_o this_o consist_v in_o the_o bear_n of_o all_o event_n with_o patience_n whether_o they_o be_v poverty_n pain_n loss_n of_o sense_n friend_n or_o child_n disgrace_n etc._n etc._n some_o one_o of_o which_o at_o least_o befall_z most_o man_n sometime_o or_o other_o and_o therefore_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v provide_v with_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n whatever_o he_o be_v with_o the_o other_o because_o there_o be_v much_o few_o evil_n that_o require_v be_v resist_v by_o violence_n than_o by_o patience_n this_o than_o be_v that_o fortithan_n which_o the_o soul_n shall_v have_v always_o ready_a to_o retire_v unto_o when_o it_o be_v surprise_v by_o sudden_a evil_n and_o than_o it_o be_v then_o chief_o that_o it_o have_v the_o most_o glorious_a opportunity_n of_o discover_v itself_o for_o what_o noble_a idea_n can_v we_o form_v of_o humane_a nature_n than_o to_o consider_v it_o beset_v by_o several_a evil_n at_o once_a attack_v in_o its_o body_n reputation_n and_o estate_n and_o yet_o undaunted_a and_o though_o leave_v single_o and_o alone_o arm_v itself_o with_o resolution_n patience_n and_o constancy_n whatever_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o vulcanian_a arm_n of_o old_a such_o as_o these_o be_v impenetrable_a indeed_o because_o well_o wrought_v and_o temper_v by_o deliberate_a reason_n by_o god_n himself_o and_o bestow_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o great_a and_o the_o best_a man_n only_o but_o alas_o though_o this_o part_n of_o courage_n be_v so_o necessary_a to_o mankind_n yet_o it_o be_v least_o regard_v because_o it_o be_v against_o the_o wild_a appetite_n and_o passion_n which_o be_v indulge_v by_o the_o other_o it_o have_v no_o noise_n pomp_n and_o ostentation_n which_o glitter_v splendid_o upon_o corrupt_a fancy_n but_o be_v calm_a easie_n regular_n and_o modest_a as_o all_o the_o step_v of_o virtue_n when_o guide_v by_o right_a reason_n be_v if_o this_o be_v a_o right_a account_n of_o courage_n then_o 3._o self-murder_n can_v be_v any_o genuine_a or_o natural_a effect_n of_o it_o in_o which_o of_o these_o sense_n soever_o we_o take_v it_o for_z 1._o that_o which_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o brutal_a and_o humane_a courage_n be_v reason_n and_o justice_n now_o self-murder_n have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a to_o be_v high_o against_o these_o to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o great_a injustice_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o regard_n can_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o courage_n as_o humane_a and_o rational_a nor_o can_v it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o brutal_a courage_n proper_o so_o call_v because_o there_o be_v no_o beast_n
child_n &_o c_o no_o certain_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v of_o such_o unite_v as_o these_o that_o the_o number_n which_o be_v so_o court_v or_o so_o fear_v be_v compose_v it_o be_v these_o who_o man_n will_v scorn_v to_o have_v judge_n of_o their_o wit_n that_o they_o make_v the_o judge_n of_o their_o action_n and_o upon_o who_o verdict_n as_o to_o honour_n or_o disgrace_n they_o make_v their_o reason_n their_o conscience_n and_o their_o life_n depend_v there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o reflect_v upon_o this_o but_o will_v allow_v how_o very_o much_o they_o be_v mistake_v who_o pay_v this_o strange_a deference_n to_o the_o world_n it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a but_o that_o they_o who_o do_v so_o must_v be_v guilty_a of_o all_o other_o e●…ormous_a crime_n as_o well_o as_o self-mnrth_a wherefore_o let_v the_o distinction_n between_o inward_a and_o outward_a honour_n be_v always_o careful_o observe_v let_v all_o good_a man_n despise_v the_o latter_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o former_a for_o if_o this_o depend_v upon_o the_o multitude_n it_o be_v below_o their_o care_n if_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o best_a of_o man_n it_o do_v not_o want_v it_o because_o it_o will_v natural_o follow_v upon_o the_o act_n according_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o inward_a honour_n and_o if_o these_o principle_n be_v faithful_o observe_v they_o can_v never_o lead_v to_o self-murder_n because_o inward_a honour_n be_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o great_a end_n of_o life_n and_o therefore_o can_v never_o prompt_v any_o body_n to_o destroy_v it_o it_o attend_v constant_o upon_o impartial_a reason_n and_o follow_v it_o not_o by_o one_o but_o every_o virtue_n and_o therefore_o its_o course_n be_v always_o regular_a and_o even_a it_o bless_v the_o mind_n with_o a_o just_a and_o last_a applause_n make_v it_o dear_a to_o itself_o and_o general_o to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o must_v hinder_v and_o prevent_v self-murder_n rather_o than_o promote_v it_o but_o if_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v some_o gentleman_n satisfaction_n in_o this_o matter_n i_o will_v suppose_v a_o objection_n to_o this_o purpose_n a_o man_n honour_n ought_v to_o be_v dear_a to_o he_o than_o his_o life_n he_o may_v be_v abuse_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o to_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n if_o he_o shall_v bear_v it_o and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v rather_o to_o kill_v himself_o especial_o since_o woman_n themselves_o have_v do_v the_o same_o lucretia_n kill_v herself_o upon_o a_o point_n of_o honour_n so_o do_v cleopatra_n to_o avoid_v the_o disgrace_n of_o be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n and_o both_o gain_v immortal_a applause_n for_o do_v so_o how_o much_o more_o shall_v any_o man_n of_o honour_n do_v the_o same_o especial_o since_o there_o may_v be_v case_n ●…uch_o hard_o than_o they_o be_v for_o instance_n a_o man_n bear_v noble_o breed_v a_o soldier_n etc._n etc._n i_o will_v answer_v first_o this_o objection_n with_o its_o instance_n and_o then_o consider_v the_o particular_a case_n afterward_o it_o be_v say_v here_o first_o that_o a_o man_n honour_n ought_v to_o be_v dear_a to_o he_o than_o his_o life_n very_o true_a if_o honour_n be_v take_v here_o for_o that_o inward_a principle_n which_o secure_v man_n in_o the_o do_n of_o his_o duty_n honour_n in_o this_o sense_n ought_v to_o be_v dear_a to_o a_o man_n than_o life_n that_o be_v he_o ought_v to_o suffer_v the_o worst_a extremity_n even_o death_n itself_o rather_o than_o act_v against_o it_o but_o than_o it_o be_v absurd_a for_o any_o man_n to_o destroy_v his_o own_o life_n upon_o this_o account_n because_o this_o kind_n of_o honour_n be_v always_o in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o can_v be_v force_v from_o he_o unless_o he_o consent_v if_o outward_a honour_n be_v mean_v here_o that_o be_v reputation_n this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v dear_a to_o he_o than_o his_o life_n because_o it_o will_v then_o be_v dear_a also_o than_o the_o great_a end_n of_o life_n dear_a than_o his_o duty_n and_o he_o must_v sacrisice_n both_o his_o reason_n and_o his_o virtue_n to_o maintain_v his_o reputation_n and_o that_o too_o among_o the_o worst_a of_o men._n 2._o it_o be_v say_v here_o a_o man_n may_v be_v abuse_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o to_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n if_o he_o shall_v bear_v it_o this_o can_v be_v as_o to_o the_o first_o sense_n of_o honour_n for_o that_o will_v never_o be_v in_o danger_n if_o he_o be_v innocent_a how_o much_o soever_o he_o be_v abuse_v power_n and_o injustice_n may_v oppress_v virtue_n and_o a_o man_n of_o the_o nice_a honour_n may_v be_v unfortunate_a but_o yet_o this_o honour_n may_v be_v increase_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o bear_n of_o his_o misfortune_n by_o his_o deportment_n under_o great_a injury_n to_o kill_v one_o self_n rather_o than_o bear_v they_o be_v to_o be_v unjust_a to_o god_n in_o the_o high_a manner_n because_o another_o be_v unjust_a in_o a_o small_a matter_n to_o i_o and_o this_o sure_a can_v be_v honourable_a in_o the_o first_o sense_n but_o indeed_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o act_n of_o impotent_a indignation_n and_o revenge_n of_o pride_n cowardice_n and_o despair_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v honourable_a in_o the_o latter_a neither_o nor_o be_v the_o objection_n assist_v by_o these_o instance_n the_o first_o of_o these_o indeed_o may_v just_o raise_v compassion_n in_o all_o that_o read_v her_o story_n and_o never_o have_v any_o person_n more_o statue_n raise_v to_o she_o but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o because_o lucretia_n death_n be_v much_o applaud_v therefore_o it_o be_v lawful_a or_o be_v to_o be_v imitate_v it_o be_v applaud_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o be_v the_o accidental_a occasion_n of_o rome_n liberty_n and_o of_o the_o great_a glory_n it_o rise_v to_o afterward_o and_o other_o nation_n consent_v to_o this_o applause_n as_o they_o hear_v her_o case_n out_o of_o compassion_n and_o generosity_n which_o be_v due_a most_o to_o those_o who_o fall_v into_o mistake_n only_o through_o too_o severe_a and_o nice_a a_o sense_n of_o honour_n far_o be_v it_o then_o from_o i_o to_o search_v far_o into_o this_o matter_n no_o let_v the_o garland_n which_o have_v be_v hang_v over_o her_o tomb_n by_o chaste_a wife_n and_o virgin_n remain_v forever_o unshaken_a and_o unviolated_a let_v all_o the_o wit_n that_o have_v be_v show_v in_o her_o praise_n pass_v for_o reason_n but_o then_o let_v i_o entreat_v such_o as_o be_v most_o zealous_a to_o vindicate_v the_o manner_n of_o her_o death_n to_o consider_v what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o to_o prove_v such_o a_o act_n unlawful_a and_o withal_o to_o remember_v the_o occasion_n of_o her_o use_v herself_o so_o and_o allow_v at_o least_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v imitate_v but_o in_o just_a the_o same_o circumstance_n and_o than_o whether_o her_o live_n will_v have_v be_v a_o encouragement_n for_o unchastity_n or_o no_o as_o the_o poor_a lady_n think_v i_o be_o confident_a that_o her_o death_n will_v not_o be_v any_o dangerous_a cause_n of_o self-murder_n but_o for_o cleopatra_n she_o be_v very_o ill_o join_v with_o the_o other_o the_o example_n of_o her_o death_n ought_v no_o more_o to_o befollowed_a than_o the_o example_n of_o her_o life_n she_o kill_v herself_o as_o be_v common_o suppose_v upon_o a_o point_n of_o honour_n to_o be_v faithful_a to_o anthony_n and_o to_o avoid_v the_o ignominy_n of_o be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n as_o for_o the_o first_o pretence_n she_o be_v the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o that_o roman_a she_o engage_v he_o in_o a_o war_n with_o his_o own_o country_n lose_v the_o fight_n at_o actium_n by_o her_o fly_v away_o when_o anthony_n be_v as_o likely_a to_o conquer_v as_o caesar._n afterward_o foolish_o believe_v that_o caesar_n be_v in_o love_n with_o she_o which_o she_o desire_v of_o all_o thing_n betray_v 〈◊〉_d the_o frontier_n town_n of_o egypt_n to_o he_o and_o to_o make_v she_o own_o term_n the_o better_a occasion_n the_o death_n of_o anthony_n 51._o anthony_n see_v dion_n caslias_o lib._n 51._o purposely_o by_o a_o false_a rumour_n of_o her_o own_o after_o this_o she_o endeavour_v to_o make_v caesar_n fall_v in_o love_n with_o she_o at_o a_o interview_n which_o find_v to_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n she_o kill_v herself_o 2_o as_o to_o her_o kill_v herself_o to_o avoid_v be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n have_v she_o be_v careful_a of_o her_o honour_n in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o her_o life_n it_o will_v not_o have_v suffer_v in_o this_o that_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v barbarous_a and_o unjust_a and_o the_o strange_a scene_n of_o vanity_n licentiousness_n and_o base_a insult_a in_o the_o world_n but_o the_o dishonour_n of_o it_o depend_v much_o upon_o the_o character_n and_o demeanour_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n therefore_o it_o have_v not_o be_v
to_o have_v be_v do_v amiss_o whereas_o here_o repentance_n go_v beforehand_o and_o the_o person_n be_v reckon_v to_o have_v confess_v the_o crime_n before_o he_o have_v commit_v it_o or_o else_o it_o be_v resolution_n against_o do_v something_o that_o be_v evil_a but_o how_o can_v this_o be_v when_o the_o person_n be_v positive_o resolve_v for_o it_o this_o be_v strange_a trisle_a with_o a_o man_n be_v own_o conscience_n and_o with_o god_n and_o what_o can_v be_v more_o provoke_a than_o to_o know_v the_o evil_a of_o a_o action_n to_o foresee_v that_o it_o want_v repen●…ance_n to_o be_v sensible_a that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v abhor_v and_o avoid_v and_o yet_o to_o do_v it_o for_o all_o that_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v time_n to_o repent_v afterward_o and_o that_o he_o may_v possible_o contrive_v his_o death_n according_o alas_o what_o hope_n can_v he_o draw_v srom_o hence_o to_o design_n first_o positive_o to_o commit_v that_o which_o one_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v evil_a and_o to_o design_n to_o ask_v forgiveness_n when_o it_o be_v commit_v be_v a_o undeniable_a evidence_n that_o a_o man_n transgress_v presumptuous_o against_o the_o light_n of_o his_o own_o reason_n for_o the_o more_o necessary_a that_o he_o think_v repentance_n be_v the_o more_o clear_a sense_n must_v he_o have_v of_o the_o evil_a of_o the_o thing_n which_o he_o be_v about_o to_o do_v and_o therefore_o the_o great_a must_v his_o punishment_n be_v 2._o the_o person_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o self-murder_n can_v receive_v no_o punishment_n in_o this_o world_n which_o he_o can_v be_v sensible_a of_o and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v punish_v the_o more_o hereafter_o i_o have_v show_v already_o 27_o already_o sup._n pag._n 26_o 27_o that_o among_o other_o thing_n which_o prove_v the_o unlawfulness_n of_o self-murder_n it_o be_v a_o great_a crime_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o public_a than_o the_o murder_n of_o another_o man_n because_o some_o satisfaction_n may_v be_v make_v for_o that_o especial_o to_o the_o public_a by_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o person_n own_o life_n and_o by_o the_o terror_n of_o his_o example_n but_o in_o self-murder_n there_o can_v be_v nothing_o of_o this_o the_o offender_n evade_v all_o sensible_a punishment_n he_o make_v no_o satisfaction_n considerable_a for_o despise_v and_o break_v the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n and_o encourage_v other_o to_o do_v so_o he_o bring_v horror_n confusion_n infamy_n and_o poverty_n often_o upon_o his_o forsake_a family_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o often_o upon_o this_o very_a account_n that_o he_o can_v be_v punish_v here_o and_o therefore_o will_v undoubted_o suffer_v in_o a_o more_o dreadful_a manner_n hereafter_o thus_o i_o have_v consider_v the_o several_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n liberty_n as_o a_o pretence_n for_o self-murder_n and_o show_v what_o that_o liberty_n be_v in_o general_n which_o man_n have_v as_o to_o his_o own_o action_n that_o no_o evil_n which_o oppress_v the_o body_n can_v be_v destructive_a while_o reason_n remain_v to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o no_o sickness_n or_o pain_n whatsoever_o can_v be_v any_o sign_n that_o god_n give_v the_o sufferer_n liberty_n to_o destroy_v himself_o that_o he_o who_o do_v so_o to_o obtain_v liberty_n or_o ease_n from_o any_o such_o evil_n shall_v fall_v into_o a_o state_n of_o great_a slavery_n and_o therefore_o that_o liberty_n in_o what_o sense_n soever_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a pretence_n for_o self-murder_n and_o now_o i_o have_v go_v through_o what_o i_o propose_v lay_v down_o the_o principle_n upon_o which_o i_o take_v self-murder_n to_o be_v unlawful_a answer_v such_o objection_n as_o i_o think_v most_o strong_a against_o they_o and_o withal_o examine_v those_o general_n prejudices_fw-la by_o which_o people_n be_v usual_o mislead_v in_o this_o matter_n i_o will_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o any_o more_o particular_a view_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v if_o he_o want_v this_o he_o may_v have_v it_o by_o turn_v back_o to_o the_o content_n but_o hitherto_o we_o have_v be_v lead_v only_o by_o natural_a reason_n if_o the_o principle_n which_o we_o have_v argue_v from_o be_v bring_v to_o what_o be_v reveal_v to_o we_o in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o unlawfulness_n of_o this_o act_n will_v quick_o appear_v more_o plain_o for_o as_o to_o god_n propriety_n in_o man_n there_o we_o may_v find_v in_o how_o wonderful_a a_o manner_n this_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o death_n of_o our_o crucified_a lord_n who_o purchase_v we_o by_o his_o blood_n make_v we_o member_n of_o his_o body_n unite_n we_o to_o himself_o by_o his_o holy_a spirit_n thus_o too_o as_o to_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n there_o our_o reason_n be_v instruct_v what_o to_o believe_v and_o our_o will_n what_o to_o do_v and_o encourage_v to_o obey_v according_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o same_o spirit_n and_o although_o we_o may_v see_v there_o that_o the_o best_a of_o man_n in_o the_o follow_n of_o this_o end_n shall_v be_v expose_v to_o great_a affliction_n to_o poverty_n sickness_n disgrace_n nay_o sometime_o to_o death_n itself_o yet_o we_o may_v see_v also_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o such_o suffering_n by_o the_o improvement_n of_o oursoul_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o reward_n and_o above_o all_o for_o the_o enable_v we_o to_o undergo_v they_o in_o their_o worst_a extreme_n we_o have_v there_o set_v before_o we_o the_o most_o excellent_a example_n of_o patience_n constancy_n and_o humility_n in_o the_o meek_a and_o forgive_a son_n of_o god_n what_o contempt_n or_o disgrace_n what_o torture_n of_o the_o body_n can_v ever_o equal_v what_o he_o suffer_v in_o his_o death_n what_o sorrow_n and_o anxiety_n what_o torment_v of_o the_o mind_n can_v ever_o be_v compare_v to_o what_o he_o feel_v in_o the_o garden_n and_o yet_o with_o what_o duty_n and_o resignation_n do_v he_o submit_v to_o all_o o_o my_o father_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a let_v this_o cup_n pass_v from_o i_o nevertheless_o not_o as_o i_o will_v but_o as_o thou_o will_v these_o bless_a word_n alone_o if_o right_o consider_v may_v afford_v in_o what_o circumstance_n soever_o the_o most_o sovereign_a preservative_n against_o this_o dreadful_a crime_n of_o self-murder_n but_o argument_n of_o this_o kind_n may_v if_o it_o be_v find_v necessary_a be_v insist_v upon_o more_o convenient_o hereafter_o finis_fw-la