rome_n conviction_n or_o a_o vindication_n of_o the_o original_a institution_n of_o christianity_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o many_o usurpation_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o their_o frequent_a violation_n of_o divine_a right_n clear_o evince_v by_o argument_n draw_v from_o their_o own_o principle_n and_o undeniable_a matter_n of_o fact_n by_o john_n savage_a gent._n london_n print_v by_o t._n n._n for_o gabriel_n kunholt_n at_o the_o king_n head_n over_o against_o the_o mew_n near_a charing-cross_n mdclxxxiii_o to_o the_o most_o renown_a monarch_n charles_n the_o ii_o of_o england_n scotland_n france_n and_o ireland_n king_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n most_o dread_a sovereign_n whither_o shall_v this_o treatise_n of_o religion_n fly_v for_o protection_n but_o under_o the_o wing_n of_o your_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n due_o entitle_v to_o the_o glorious_a prerogative_n of_o defender_n of_o the_o faith_n hither_o therefore_o it_o connatural_o tend_v but_o make_v its_o approach_n in_o a_o humble_a posture_n dazzle_v as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o glory_n of_o so_o much_o majesty_n it_o be_v author_n likewise_o fall_v prostrate_a at_o your_o royal_a foot_n earnest_o implore_v your_o princely_a protection_n of_o these_o his_o weak_a endeavour_n he_o come_v full_o fraught_v with_o a_o confident_a hope_n that_o where_o such_o power_n and_o goodness_n reign_v he_o can_v suffer_v a_o repulse_v and_o be_v sway_v by_o the_o memory_n of_o your_o past_a favour_n the_o sense_n of_o gratitude_n as_o well_o as_o duty_n have_v immutable_o fix_v he_o in_o this_o resolve_v that_o a_o deep-rooted_n loyalty_n animate_v with_o a_o fervent_a zeal_n for_o your_o majesty_n royal_a person_n government_n and_o prerogative_n shall_v ever_o be_v the_o indelible_a character_n of_o your_o majesty_n most_o loyal_a most_o submissive_a and_o most_o addict_v subject_n john_n savage_n to_o the_o reader_n have_v have_v a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a inspection_n into_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o have_v upon_o this_o account_n be_v earnest_o move_v by_o some_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o worth_a to_o write_v something_o in_o opposition_n to_o that_o church_n and_o at_o length_n i_o be_v wrought_v to_o a_o compliance_n in_o the_o pursuit_n whereof_o i_o have_v have_v no_o consideration_n of_o the_o unkindness_n and_o ingratitude_n of_o some_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n towards_o i_o but_o have_v proceed_v with_o all_o imaginable_a candour_n and_o sincerity_n whole_o devest_v of_o all_o rank_a spleen_n and_o animosity_n against_o their_o person_n but_o i_o deem_v it_o no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o christian_a charity_n to_o use_v my_o best_a endeavour_n to_o open_v a_o way_n to_o truth_n and_o if_o sometime_o my_o pen_n seem_v to_o be_v dip_v in_o gall_n yet_o this_o only_a be_v a_o product_n of_o zeal_n for_o the_o doctrine_n i_o have_v undertake_v to_o defend_v in_o opposition_n to_o they_o without_o the_o 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derkennis_n soc._n jesus_n lovanii_n that_o i_o have_v as_o good_a question_n the_o verity_n of_o scripture_n as_o submit_v the_o definition_n of_o council_n to_o the_o scrutiny_n of_o reason_n because_o the_o scripture_n also_o contain_v very_o great_a difficulty_n and_o seem_a contradiction_n to_o all_o these_o i_o reply_v that_o divine_a faith_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o material_a object_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n we_o believe_v and_o the_o formal_a object_n which_o be_v the_o motive_n why_o we_o believe_v and_o that_o be_v dictio_fw-la dei_fw-la god_n saying_n or_o reveal_v it_o wherefore_o when_o a_o mystery_n be_v propose_v to_o be_v believe_v as_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n though_o i_o have_v no_o evidence_n in_o attestato_n in_o the_o thing_n reveal_v because_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o by_o human_a reason_n yet_o if_o i_o have_v evidence_n or_o certainty_n in_o attestante_fw-la that_o be_v i_o be_o sure_a god_n say_v it_o then_o with_o a_o 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the_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v avoid_v than_o we_o may_v certain_o conclude_v that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o new_a doctrine_n not_o contain_v in_o scripture_n or_o if_o it_o be_v evident_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n in_o both_o case_n it_o come_v not_o from_o god_n but_o be_v a_o mere_a human_a invention_n and_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o believe_v by_o divine_a faith_n that_o which_o be_v back_v only_o by_o human_a authority_n as_o for_o the_o difficulty_n of_o scripture_n those_o which_o be_v seem_v contradiction_n be_v most_o historical_a and_o be_v solve_v by_o those_o author_n who_o ex_fw-la professo_fw-la have_v write_v so_o many_o large_a tome_n of_o the_o interpretation_n of_o scripture_n other_o mystery_n which_o be_v speculative_a and_o doctrinal_a as_o a_o virgin_n to_o conceive_v the_o incarnation_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n and_o the_o hypostatical_a union_n the_o mystery_n of_o the_o sacred_a trinity_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v no_o one_o of_o all_o these_o that_o be_v destructive_a of_o the_o light_n of_o human_a reason_n or_o that_o will_v reduce_v we_o to_o a_o necessity_n of_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o any_o of_o the_o first_o principle_n since_o therefore_o we_o admit_v of_o all_o canonical_a scripture_n as_o the_o word_n of_o god_n we_o ought_v to_o believe_v it_o by_o divine_a faith_n for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o as_o god_n infinite_a veracity_n be_v uncapable_a of_o assert_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v impossible_a so_o likewise_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n god_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o human_a reason_n be_v uncapable_a of_o impose_v upon_o man_n understanding_n a_o necessity_n of_o believe_v that_o which_o be_v false_a or_o impossible_a for_o if_o false_a it_o be_v destructive_a of_o his_o veracity_n which_o will_v un-god_n he_o if_o impossible_a it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o human_a reason_n and_o yet_o all_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o divine_a omnipotence_n that_o involve_v not_o a_o manifest_a contradiction_n and_o this_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o reply_n to_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o aforementioned_a doctor_n i_o shall_v therefore_o proceed_v in_o order_n to_o examine_v the_o controvert_v difficulty_n which_o this_o treatise_n contain_v as_o they_o be_v digest_v under_o their_o respective_a head_n whereof_o each_o have_v his_o peculiar_a disputation_n and_o the_o disputation_n i_o subdivide_v into_o section_n in_o the_o second_o disputation_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v insert_v most_o of_o the_o ancient_a ritual_n and_o liturgy_n of_o the_o latin_a greek_a and_o the_o eastern_a church_n which_o morinus_n translate_v out_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o syrian_a into_o latin_a and_o as_o this_o translator_n be_v tie_v to_o give_v the_o literal_a sense_n of_o the_o original_n without_o mutation_n so_o also_o i_o deem_v it_o illegal_a to_o make_v any_o change_n or_o alteration_n in_o the_o latin_a version_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v obscure_a and_o obsolete_a but_o i_o have_v render_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a sense_n
common_a accident_n and_o consequent_o the_o argument_n proceed_v in_o its_o full_a strength_n against_o all_o these_o the_o three_o proof_n insist_v upon_o the_o principle_n of_o transubstantiation_n a_o irreconcilable_a difficulty_n will_v occur_v when_o that_o complex_fw-la of_o first_o and_o second_o quality_n and_o other_o accident_n be_v so_o alter_v and_o change_v that_o it_o become_v a_o apt_a disposition_n to_o a_o new_a specifical_a form_n as_o for_o example_n a_o communicant_a receive_v a_o consecrate_a host_n which_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o stomach_n of_o the_o receiver_n and_o by_o the_o natural_a activity_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v fit_o dispose_v to_o receive_v the_o form_n of_o chyle_n then_o there_o be_v a_o strict_a exigence_n in_o nature_n that_o the_o form_n of_o chyle_n be_v introduce_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n nature_n may_v spend_v itself_o in_o clamor_v to_o have_v this_o form_n introduce_v but_o alas_o here_o be_v no_o subject_n nor_o receptacle_n to_o receive_v it_o some_o expedient_a must_v here_o be_v find_v you_o will_v say_v that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n must_v create_v new_a matter_n to_o receive_v this_o form_n and_o to_o relieve_v the_o accident_n from_o that_o violent_a state_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v detain_v most_o excellent_a philosophy_n how_o absurd_a will_v this_o seem_v to_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_n but_o mean_o verse_v in_o this_o science_n aristotle_n never_o dream_v of_o such_o anxiety_n and_o distress_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o divinity_n be_v yet_o worse_o which_o make_v god_n subject_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o extravagant_a exigence_n of_o his_o creature_n no_o way_n ground_v in_o his_o own_o providence_n and_o disposition_n for_o the_o great_a author_n of_o nature_n create_v the_o whole_a mass_n of_o first_o matter_n independent_a of_o any_o thing_n else_o and_o since_o that_o original_a creation_n no_o matter_n have_v be_v destroy_v none_o produce_v but_o the_o same_o succeed_v indifferent_o to_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o form_n that_o be_v produce_v and_o destroy_v but_o now_o here_o come_v a_o strict_a exigence_n of_o a_o substantial_a form_n to_o be_v produce_v dependent_a on_o the_o matter_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n to_o receive_v it_o but_o the_o supreme_a creator_n must_v be_v summon_v by_o his_o creature_n to_o supply_v this_o defect_n by_o create_v new_a matter_n as_o though_o he_o have_v be_v ignorant_a in_o the_o beginning_n what_o quantity_n of_o matter_n be_v sufficient_a who_o create_v all_o thing_n by_o his_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o providence_n in_o pondere_fw-la &_o mensura_fw-la out_o of_o his_o own_o freewill_n without_o any_o exigence_n or_o determination_n of_o his_o creature_n must_v then_o the_o order_n of_o this_o systeme_n be_v invert_v and_o god_n as_o it_o be_v necessitate_v to_o exercise_v his_o omnipotence_n in_o a_o new_a creation_n not_o ground_v in_o his_o former_a instituon_n but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o drift_n of_o all_o these_o proof_n be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o whole_a business_n of_o transubstantiation_n be_v supernatural_a and_o miraculous_a which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n free_o acknowledge_v and_o be_v induce_v to_o this_o belief_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o christ_n himself_o who_o hold_v bread_n in_o his_o hand_n in_o the_o last_o supper_n plain_o tell_v his_o apostle_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la meum_fw-la this_o be_v my_o body_n if_o christ_n affirm_v it_o who_o dare_v gainsay_v it_o we_o all_o know_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n can_v by_o natural_a mean_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o by_o the_o illimited_a power_n of_o god_n it_o may_v be_v do_v and_o christ_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v do_v why_o therefore_o shall_v we_o not_o believe_v it_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o what_o be_v possible_a though_o miraculous_a and_o supernatural_a may_v be_v believe_v yet_o not_o slight_o and_o without_o sufficient_a reason_n but_o if_o by_o a_o urgent_a and_o indispensable_a necessity_n or_o a_o irrefragable_a authority_n which_o bring_v with_o it_o a_o perfect_a assurance_n of_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o mean_v thereof_o we_o be_v press_v to_o a_o assent_n this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a motive_n to_o induce_v we_o to_o believe_v but_o in_o the_o next_o proof_n i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o here_o be_v no_o such_o inductive_a no_o necessity_n of_o yield_v our_o assent_n to_o such_o a_o prodigious_a number_n of_o miracle_n not_o once_o only_o but_o daily_o and_o hourly_o repeat_v and_o constant_o continue_v and_o so_o to_o last_v till_o the_o world_n end_n second_o i_o answer_v that_o in_o the_o second_o proof_n of_o this_o assertion_n it_o appear_v that_o from_o this_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n it_o unavoidable_o follow_v that_o all_o natural_a cause_n both_o can_v and_o do_v actual_o create_v and_o annihilate_v who_o promiscuous_o have_v their_o insluence_n when_o due_o apply_v upon_o a_o consecrate_a host_n as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v upon_o one_o that_o be_v not_o consecrate_v which_o plain_a experience_n make_v manifest_a and_o to_o have_v such_o a_o power_n to_o create_v and_o annihilate_v or_o to_o produce_v something_o out_o of_o nothing_o be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o god_n alone_o as_o whole_o depend_v on_o a_o omnipotent_a power_n that_o it_o be_v absolute_o impossible_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v communicate_v to_o any_o pure_a creature_n the_o four_o proof_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n neither_o from_o scripture_n nor_o reason_n nor_o from_o any_o other_o revelation_n to_o admit_v transubstantiation_n the_o great_a necessity_n that_o have_v be_v hitherto_o allege_v be_v draw_v from_o those_o word_n of_o christ_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la meum_fw-la but_o from_o hence_o no_o necessity_n can_v be_v derive_v for_o they_o that_o hold_v consubstantiation_n and_o assert_v that_o christ_n body_n exist_v in_o the_o sacrament_n together_o with_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n these_o i_o say_v as_o rigorous_o stand_v to_o the_o literal_a sense_n of_o christ_n word_n and_o as_o proper_o verify_v they_o as_o they_o who_o hold_v transubstantiation_n for_o the_o word_n of_o themselves_o imply_v no_o conversion_n or_o change_v of_o one_o substance_n into_o another_o but_o if_o take_v in_o a_o literal_a sense_n they_o only_o signify_v christ_n body_n there_o present_a wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n from_o these_o word_n to_o multiply_v so_o many_o miracle_n yea_o and_o impossibility_n as_o be_v infer_v from_o transubstantiation_n because_o the_o literal_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n may_v be_v save_v without_o they_o but_o in_o reality_n there_o be_v no_o more_o necessity_n of_o understand_v those_o word_n of_o christ_n in_o a_o literal_a sense_n then_o when_o he_o say_v i_o be_o a_o door_n i_o be_o a_o vine_n etc._n etc._n for_o since_o the_o scripture_n be_v capable_a of_o so_o many_o sense_n and_o interpretation_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n nor_o necessity_n of_o wrest_v it_o to_o that_o sense_n alone_o which_o bring_v with_o it_o the_o great_a difficulty_n of_o any_o especial_o when_o by_o congruity_n and_o other_o place_n of_o scripture_n it_o may_v be_v connatural_o understand_v in_o another_o sense_n and_o since_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o our_o great_a redeemer_n to_o speak_v by_o allegory_n parable_n by_o trope_n and_o figure_n it_o be_v most_o likely_a he_o speak_v so_o here_o which_o be_v sufficient_o intimate_v by_o christ_n himself_o tell_v his_o disciple_n john_n 6._o vers_fw-la 63._o that_o it_o be_v the_o spirit_n that_o quicken_v the_o flesh_n profit_v nothing_o the_o word_n that_o i_o speak_v unto_o you_o be_v spirit_n and_o life_n and_o yet_o the_o word_n that_o he_o then_o speak_v be_v concern_v his_o body_n hence_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n above_o rehearse_v can_v ground_v no_o necessary_a inference_n of_o transubstantiation_n sect_n iii_o of_o the_o possibility_n of_o transubstantiation_n as_o hold_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o order_n to_o the_o determination_n of_o this_o difficulty_n i_o must_v first_o premise_v that_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n no_o affirmative_a proposition_n or_o enunciation_n can_v be_v true_a except_o it_o have_v a_o conformity_n with_o its_o object_n that_o be_v the_o object_n must_v be_v in_o its_o self_n as_o the_o act_n represent_v it_o all_o enunciation_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o subject_n and_o the_o predicate_v the_o subject_n be_v that_o of_o which_o it_o enunciate_n the_o predicate_v be_v that_o which_o it_o enunciate_n of_o the_o subject_n if_o the_o proposition_n be_v negative_a it_o separate_v the_o predicate_a from_o the_o subject_n but_o if_o it_o be_v affirmative_a it_o intentional_o identisy_n the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o as_o in_o this_o proposition_n angelus_n est_fw-la spiritus_fw-la angelus_n be_v the_o subject_n and_o spiritus_fw-la be_v the_o
conformity_n to_o such_o and_o so_o many_o irregular_a pardon_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o believe_v these_o and_o many_o other_o such_o inconvenience_n be_v the_o product_n of_o multiply_v so_o many_o new_a article_n of_o faith_n these_o be_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n that_o thence_o ensue_v and_o if_o you_o consult_v your_o reason_n to_o suggest_v to_o you_o what_o benefit_n be_v hence_o expect_v or_o what_o motive_n may_v induce_v they_o to_o impose_v so_o hard_a a_o task_n upon_o the_o believer_n i_o know_v none_o but_o a_o strong_a propension_n in_o the_o author_n to_o carry_v all_o thing_n on_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n to_o make_v their_o empire_n know_v and_o to_o lord_n it_o over_o the_o flock_n of_o christ_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o illiterate_a shall_v not_o need_v to_o perplex_v themselves_o for_o they_o have_v a_o sure_a refuge_n to_o their_o implicit_a faith_n by_o believe_v what_o the_o church_n believe_v first_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o be_v a_o 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of_o so_o many_o new_a article_n of_o faith_n christ_n have_v 〈◊〉_d perfect_a prospect_n and_o a_o full_a comprehension_n of_o his_o church_n and_o all_o circumstance_n belong_v to_o it_o for_o all_o particular_a time_n and_o age_n and_o want_v nâ—_n power_n to_o provide_v for_o it_o in_o the_o besâ—_n manner_n how_o then_o be_v it_o possible_a thaâ—_n any_o person_n endue_v with_o reason_n can_v conceive_v that_o this_o omniscient_a omnipotent_a and_o infinite_o wise_a and_o provident_a god_n shall_v be_v deficient_a in_o a_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o he_o shall_v leave_v this_o great_a work_n of_o our_o redemption_n imperfect_a that_o he_o shall_v fail_v in_o the_o complete_a accomplishment_n of_o his_o masterpiece_n especial_o consider_v that_o he_o can_v with_o ease_n provide_v tunc_fw-la pro_fw-la nunc_fw-la he_o can_v then_o have_v provide_v for_o all_o future_a event_n whensoever_o they_o shall_v happen_v and_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o he_o shall_v leave_v 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authority_n extend_v but_o if_o council_n transgress_v their_o bound_n and_o submit_v christ_n action_n to_o their_o scrutiny_n and_o therein_o presume_v to_o add_v or_o diminish_v to_o alter_v or_o change_v to_o correct_v or_o amend_v any_o of_o christ_n ordinance_n or_o institution_n and_o so_o entrench_v upon_o jus_o divinum_fw-la which_o be_v above_o their_o sphere_n and_o in_o effect_n to_o cry_v out_o in_o coelum_fw-la conscendam_fw-la similis_fw-la ero_fw-la altissimo_fw-la this_o be_v a_o pernicious_a abuse_n of_o their_o authority_n wherefore_o the_o second_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o virtue_n begin_v to_o decline_v and_o vice_n to_o abound_v when_o the_o clergy_n grow_v dissolute_a and_o the_o laity_n stubborn_a and_o refractory_a against_o their_o spiritual_a leader_n and_o pastor_n when_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v not_o full_o uphold_v in_o its_o original_a purity_n but_o begin_v to_o be_v offuscate_v and_o to_o lose_v its_o efficacy_n by_o innovation_n
and_o in_o many_o other_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n then_o be_v council_n both_o profitable_a and_o necessary_a as_o a_o physician_n be_v to_o a_o sick_a patient_n then_o ought_v they_o by_o their_o opportune_a remedy_n to_o salve_v the_o sore_n to_o make_v up_o the_o breach_n to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n and_o to_o redintegrate_a the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o church_n and_o purge_v the_o wheat_n from_o the_o cockle_n and_o darnel_n which_o by_o the_o deprave_a will_n of_o man_n and_o the_o suggestion_n of_o satan_n begin_v to_o take_v root_n but_o if_o council_n shall_v spend_v their_o endeavour_n in_o debate_v certain_a abstruse_a and_o hide_a mystery_n and_o frame_v article_n of_o divine_a faith_n upon_o they_o without_o any_o warrant_n in_o scripture_n or_o antiquity_n nay_o against_o the_o original_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n and_o by_o their_o annex_v anathema_n drive_v man_n to_o confusion_n and_o desperation_n and_o yet_o reap_v no_o benefit_n thereby_o for_o it_o 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act_n of_o divine_a faith_n who_o material_a object_n be_v the_o incarnation_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n the_o formal_a object_n be_v god_n assert_v of_o it_o whence_o it_o ensue_v that_o though_o faith_n have_v a_o great_a certainty_n than_o science_n yet_o it_o be_v destitute_a of_o evidence_n as_o well_o in_o attestato_n as_o in_o attestante_fw-la that_o be_v can_v neither_o demonstrate_v by_o human_a reason_n the_o revelation_n itself_o nor_o the_o mystery_n reveal_v we_o all_o agree_v that_o those_o word_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la menm_fw-la be_v speak_v by_o christ_n himself_o but_o we_o differ_v in_o give_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o they_o the_o sure_a rule_n that_o may_v guide_v we_o herein_o be_v to_o consult_v the_o belief_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n they_o certain_o receive_v from_o the_o apostle_n the_o true_a interpretation_n of_o they_o for_o it_o will_v derogate_v from_o christ_n goodness_n and_o providence_n to_o imprint_v a_o erroneous_a 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