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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
reason_n	answer_n	answer_v	objection_n	2,644	5	9.4165	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81788	Proceedings concerning the improvement of all manner of land, and also for all sorts of leather VVith many addresses unto Parliaments, and other supreme authorities formerly in power. As also petitional motions unto the supreme authority of this nation, the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the dominions and territories thereunto belonging, that they would be pleased to make use of the proposer, in entertaining his abilities with acts of Parliament, according to the lawes of this and all civil nations; that then thereby he may be impowred lawfully and honourable to put in exercise his undertakings: the profitable effects and conveniences of them being hereafter sufficiently proved and cleared. All which designes are undertaken to be performed by new wayes and means, more speedy, cheap and easie than hath hitherto been discovered, and are acquired by the industry and diligent search into the mysteries of nature, of Thomas Ducket, Esq; very well deserving the perusal of persons of all degrees ... prosperity of the Commonwealth.	Duckett, Thomas.	1657 (1657)	Wing D2430C; ESTC R231962	32,839	30

utensils Manure Liquors or Ingredients either for improvement of Land or Leather as aforesaid thereby to pretend him or themselves to be the Inventors or Devisors thereof upon pain of the forfeitures and payments aforesaid That whereas Printers Sta●ioners Booksellers and other persons may by false and counterfeit Books and Copies very much wrong and prejudice Penalties for Printers c. not only the said Thomas Ducket but likewise the Commonwealth That to prevent such inconveniences which may thereby arise a good penalty to the value of one thousand pounds may be imposed upon them for printing or putting to sale without Licence any of his Books or Copies of Directions either for improvement of Land in any the particulars aforesaid Or for Tanning Tawing To be recovered by Action of Debt or preparing of Leather as aforesaid And also to forfeit five pounds for every Book or Copy of direction which they shall print or expose to sale after the first Discovery and Conviction And the said penalties to be recovered by Action of Debt in any Court of Record in the three Nations where no essoyn or wager of Law shall be admitted or allowed them And that the said Thomas Ducket or his Assigns may by warrant from a Justice of the Peace Liberty to make search in case of suspition for discovery of Offenders to a Constable or other Officer make search for the discovering of such persons as they shall suspect to make use of any of his Inventions either for improvement of Land or Leather without Licence as aforesaid That all the penalties and forfeitures aforesaid are to be divided into three equal parts one third part to your Honours to be paid into the Exchequer Penalties divided to three parts one other third part thereof to be to the said Thomas Ducket or his Assigns and the other third part to the Informer And now your Honours having heard Alluding his Inventions to Merchandary commodities as a rational inducement though no part of the Bill The small and reasonable satisfaction which the Proposer expects for his discoveries what penalties have been humbly desired with Reasons why they ought to be so great yee will bethink with your selves what satisfaction and reward it is fit for the Proposer to expect and in this case to satisfie your Honours the Proposer doth not intend that his recompence and gain shall compare with a Venturer or Merchant that brings in Gold Silver Bullion pretious Stones or Jewels to grace pleasure adorn and inrich a Nation who will not part with their Commodities unlesse at very dear rates or the full worth of them But the Proposer intends not by many degrees to be so costly to the receivers of the profit which those whom he hath to deal withall will receive for although not only the present profit but likewise the perpetual good and benefit which will arise by a comparative rule of proportion will be extraordinary great yet the owner of these riches will expect from each particular person that shall by vertue of a Licence have the benefit of his Treasure little more mony from first to last of his authority than the Baggs Cases Chests Vessels or any other manner of outsides wherein those rich commodities were inclosed and conteined and then afterwards all people are to have both outsides and insides and all rights and privilege to his Discoveries and Inventions be they never so rich and profitable without any payment or acknowledgement and so to continue to this and after ages for perpetuity That no Justice of the peace or other Officer shall be sued or prejudiced No Officers to be prejudiced for what they shall do in persuance of the said Acts. That the said Acts may be good and effectual notwithstanding any former Acts or Customes for what they shall doe in persuance and execution of the said Acts. That the said Acts both for improvement of Land and Leather may be good and effectual in all Courts of Justice to the benefit of the said Thomas Ducket Notwithstanding the Statute made in the first year of the reign of King James touching the duty of Tanners Curriers Shooemakers and other cutters of Leather Or any imperfection in the said Acts Or any former Act Statute matter or thing concerning either Lind or Leather to the contrary in any wise Notwithstanding The Breviats of the forementioned Bills and some other matters inserted in them being set forth the Proposer doth prepare these after answers to some objections that have and may be made by Covetous Malevolent persons ANd first whereas it may be objected by some cross people Several Objections answered as to Land that improvement of Land will necessarily induce such a plenty of all things as will cause a general cheapnesse and abate the price of all commodities and by consequence diminish the Rent of Lands and the revenues of Noblemen and Gentlemen by disabling the Tenant to pay his rent to this it may be answered That this Objection proceeds from a Root of private interest Answer 1 Answer and respects only the profits of particular persons and those who are against improvements are Enemies to the Commonwealth where they live for improvements do not impoverish but inrich a Commonwealth for these following reasons First although Land be improved that it bear more Corn and Grasse than before and that plenty thereupon causeth cheapness yet the quantity being much more will make that good again and out-bear the cheapnesse ☞ that there needs no abatement of Rents for Land will for the most part receive an improvement N● abatement of Rents by improvements proportionable to the value and goodness that it is now of as for example if the improvement be to a third part of the value of the Land then Land of two shillings an Acre will be improved to be as good as Land of three shillings an Acre Land of twenty shillings an Acre to be as good as Land of thirty shillings an Acre and so in proportion Answer 2 Secondly by improvement a lesse quantity of Land will serve for Corn and may be sowen with Hemp More Land may be spared for several uses Flax Cole-seed Rape-seed woad or madder which will increase a manufacture and produce an improvement and mantainance for innumerable poor people Answer 3 Thirdly more Land may be laid down for Pasture for maintaining milch Kine More Land for Pasture then formerly for plenty of Butter and Cheese to relive the poor and for transportation beyond the seas and likewise to breed and mantain great Cattel for provisions for the Land and Navy at sea and for the encrease of that staple commodity of Leather and also to breed and maintain sheep for the increase of that other Staple commodity of Wool for the making of Cloaths and Stuffs and other commodities not only for the use of this Commonwealth but for Transportation and maintaining innumerable poor people on work Answer 4 Fourthly

●●CEEDINGS Concerning the Improvement of all manner of LAND And also for all sorts of LEATHER VVith many Addresses unto Parliaments and other Supreme Authorities formerly in Power AS ALSO Petitional Motions unto the supreme Authority of this Nation the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging that they would be pleased to make use of the Proposer in entertaining his abilities with Acts of Parliament according to the Lawes of this and all Civil Nations that then thereby he may be impowred lawfully and honourably to put in exercise his undertakings The profitable Effects and Conveniences of them being hereafter sufficiently proved and cleared All which Designes are undertaken to be performed by new wayes and means more speedy cheap and easie than hath hitherto been discovered and are acquired by the Industry and diligent search into the Mysteries of Nature Of THOMAS DUCKET Esq Very well deserving the perusal of persons of all degrees that love ingenuity and the more flourishing prosperity of the Commonwealth LONDON Printed by Thomas Leach May the last 1659. The Preface May it please your Honours THe alterations in State affairs and other occurrences being so many as are hereafter published do therefore require this Preface or Introduction whereby to give satisfaction unto your Honours and all good people that have so long expected the fruition of what is here tendred The Contents of all after repetitions giving sufficient proof and reason to convince all Objections and crosse Arguments As also a Breviate of his Bills as they were prepared by Councel Learned in the Law and afterwards approved of by Committees of a former Parliament deputed for that purpose who made their report of the said Bills as also of the Proposers ability to perform the Contents therein conteined when they should be passed into Acts of Parliament And although the intent of all that is hereafter declared may seem tedious in the perusal yet questionlesse your Honours and all worthy Perusers will think the time well spent for that many Ages never had the like Tender nor have delayed such hopefull Successes and therefore might have required a larger Scope to demonstrate the great benefits this Nation might long before this time have received if that such causes as are after recited had not obstructed the Settlement And that your Honours may receive an Account from the Proposer why he doth expostulate and drive so close and home against persons that he doth conceive to have been and likely to be Antagonists to such rich and transcendent hopes although no such person hath as yet published himself in print to be an Enemy to these new principles so held forth for answer thereto I am to let your Honours understand First albeit none but of unreasonable impudence and depraved nature dare let the world judge of their Folly by subscribing their Names to such a dangerous discomposure of a national benefit notwithstanding their high pitch in Envy yet they dare vent their spightfull invectives against the Proposer in malicious and contemptible frothy discourses behind his back so that since his first Addresses which were many years agoe the Proposer hath been subject to the pressure of Multiplicity of provocations in several companies by spightfull and perverse Detractors in headlesse and absurd Arguments especially by those who have thought themselves pregnant and Powerfull and there can hardly be a greater plague upon Earth than to be liable to Evill Tongues and Censures as the Proposer hath alwayes been which cannot be redressed for that the Company of those self-conceited Criticks who will rail against any mans principles but their own are numerous and it is better to have one two or three of such Malevolent spirits to answer unto if they durst publish their Malignancy in writing than a thousand others whom reason will not satisfie but will at all times and in all companies belch forth their spight and Envy against any thing which exceeds their common capacities but this many times turns to their own disgrace and shame when the Proposer discerneth just cause to joyn in contest with them some part of their presumption arising from the Proposers long delay in gaining an authority to put in Execution what he hath so long held forth and divers other uncought Arguments as barren of reason as that aforesaid But the Proposers cause be●ng just doth give him the advantage to master them by Reason and confute them by Arguments so much as is sufficient to dash out of Countenance any unbelieving Criticks Busie-bodies Quibling Sophisters Pickthanks trifling Ieerers Buffoons or froward Humorists composed of indigested Ignorance and the virtue of those Truths which the Proposer holds forth doth so much out bear their brain-sick Arguments that it doth increase the Malevolency of their Spleens to malign all his proceedings with Gall and bitternesse which is the cause this relation is so fully proved to give such Evidence as may convince them in behalf of the Commonwealth And therefore it is high time for the Proposer to apply himself to your Honours for a speedy Settlement of the Premisses to the end that he may perform such service to the Nation as may quite extinguish all contradiction by cavelling Detractors especially those who are impudently resolved neither to see or hear although their own Conscience convince them and bring them to the unwor hy Odium in the old Proverb being there is none so blind as those that will not see and none so deaf as those that will not hear And for this cause by way of Addresse the Proposer could present no lesse than what doth hereafter follow for of necessity there must be the full substance and property of his designs with their proofs of performance and answers unto all self-ended Objections and cavelling Expressions touching the commodity or discommodities of Improvements together with the Prop●sers justification of his person and reputation and proofs and attestations of his knowledge and abilities as also of the high Degree and Magnitude of what he hath attained unto in Natures Storehouse with many liberal applauses of the virtue of his new Enterprises and with more reiterations than is usual in repugning and publikely defying persons that formerly have and still may breath noisome Air against laudable Actions that are above their Meridian and are thereby prodigious to their own good and the Nations pleasure and plenty And also treating of the glory that your Honours may attain unto by entertaining these Tenders which conduce to a national Improvement and therefore with good cause humbly craving your Honours serious vi●w and rev●ew of the Proposers real integrity in these works tendred wherein your Honours will discern just cause for all these ensuing expressions and will thereby the better be induced to hold excused all the rehersals and recitals in this dictate that could not be explained without reiteration and repetition to introduce some addition of new matter fit for observation though

By improvement of Land a far greater plenty of Corn Cattel and all sorts of provisions for Food and Rayment 〈◊〉 A far greater pl●●y will be raised will be raised in this Common-wealth insomuch that it may be a Storehouse of plenty for perpetuity and have so great an overplus of Food and Rayment as that it may supply and help the wants of Forein Nations and so bring vast summes of money honour and profit to this Commonwealth and yet have at home such a fulnesse of plenty as that the Act for Transportation made by a late Parliament may rather be inlarged than abrogated as now it is in part several commodities exceeding the Rates in that Act limited and appointed Answer Answer Rents rather increased than lessened Lastly no mans Incomes or Revenues will be lesse by reason of the improvement but rather bettered for their cause of expence in such a plenty will be lessened and they will have all manner of provisions and home-bred commodities at very cheap rates And if fertile bottomes are not better than barren mountains and if the abundance of the Fruits of the Earth are not beside a blessing a great support and establishment of the policy of a Nation then why do the Lawes of England indulge such privileges to arable Lands beyond Pasture What mean the Statutes to restrain the converting of arable Lands into pasture grounds to the hindrance of Tillage Why are all Heath and other barren grounds exempt from the payment of Tythes the first seven yeares after improvement by a peculiar privilege Besides Improvements are very advantageous for hospitality and relief of the poor A general benefit in setting Old and Young and all idle persons to some slight work who can endure no hard Labour and so there will be no wandring poor as now nor any to be relieved but lame and blind persons which will be very great honour and profit to this Common-wealth for that Nation is most honoured and regarded by foreiners wherein is the most fertility and ingenuity But if there be any who are not sensible of the blessing and advantage of plenty questionlesse it were fit that such persons would confine themselves for some years to inhabit upon the tops of some barren Hills or Mountains to make tryal of such provisions as Nature there affordeth ☜ without the help of improvement and there to learn by experience the truth of these assertions rather than to be convinced by the strength of argument in a plentifull Country where perhaps the fullnesse of their stomacks may dull the acutenesse of their apprehensions And for a further satisfaction of what hath been before expressed Several Obj●ctions answered and Reasons for Improvement of Leather and now especially concerning that staple commodity of Leather First that all Leather made by the new Art and Invention of the said Thomas Ducket will in all degrees of perfection so far exceed all former Tannage that a great trade may be raised in this Common-wealth by that Commodity for in what Nation soever any new Art or profitable Science 1. ☜ That Nation where this new Art is first discovered will receive the greatest benefit is first invented and found out that Nation will for many yeares after have the sole trade and benefit therof and all Nations will addresse themselves thither conceiving there will be the best made where it was first invented and the chief parts of this new Art participating of rare Mysteries and neat and private practices yet are cheap and easy to be performed without the plain and common drudgery now used in Tannage and may be so disposed of by the Proposor in this or other Nations that during many score years no other part of the world may receive any knowledge or benefit thereof And may keep the said new Art a long time secret amongst themselves Upon which grounds how happy may this Nation be in the speedy settlement of these Mysteries and Inventions for the said Science may be many years here kept amongst our selves and Forein Nations induced to import their raw Hides and Skins into this Common-wealth to be converted into Leather after the said new Art Or if we please the said accomplishing ingredients may be sold The Leather by reason of its goodnesse may be transported into other Nations and transported at very good rates into other Countries where they are not found for Leather converted after the said new Art will be of such lasting wear and goodnesse that a third part thereof may be spared and sold beyond the seas at double or treble the price that now it is and yet here amongst our selves it may be afforded at a more cheap and reasonable rate than now is sold at And the ingredients to prepare the said liquors The new Ingredients cheap and easie to be found are most of them to be had within this Common-wealth at cheaper rates than the aforesaid old used ingredients and will be of good benefit to the owners of the Grounds and Lands where the said ingredients are found Secondly whereas Tanners are commonly a whole year 2. ☜ More speedy Tannage and a quicker return three quarters of a year half a year and the like in Tannage according to the sizes of the Hides and Skinns they may hereafter by the use and practice of the inventers directions make far better Leather and in shorter time whereby a quick return may be made thereof which is the only advantage of a manufacture Thirdly although Bark of Oaks and some other ingredients 3. Bark and the Ingredients now used are harsh and corrosive ☜ now principaly used in Tannage are very scarce and costly yet by their harsh corrosivenesse they do very much perish and destroy the stability and fastnesse of all raw Hides and Skins which in themselves are some of the wonders of Nature in strength and toughnesse and thereby Leather is much weakned of its natural force and no remedy was ever known for the same before this present time Fourthly that Bark of Oakes and other ingredients used by Tanners 4. The Trade of Tannage like to fail for want are of such high price and scarcity that by means thereof there is very much bad Leather made in in all parts of the three Nations for want of full and perfect Tannage And the said trade is like within few ages to be neer exti●●uish'd by 〈…〉 Bark is like to be far more scarce than now it is if not in processe of time quite consumed 5. Timber is felled at unseason●ble times for the use of Bark Fiftly the necessity of the use of the aforesaid Bark is so great that the Laws compel the owners of timber to fell and cut down the same at unseasonable times when the sap is in it which makes the timber so much worse in price and goodnesse as the rate of Bark doth amount unto and their losse in the Bark will in great Families be countervailed