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A49857 The life and reign of Innocent XI, late Pope of Rome T. L. 1690 (1690) Wing L77; ESTC R2250 80,855 112

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of Pamiers acquiesced not in this Sentence but appealed to the Pope who was now engaged in the Controversie and the matter lodged in his Hands 1678. Wherefore the Pope writ his Brief to the French King and in soft and yet pressing Terms complained of the Innovations made on the Liberties of the Church and the Authority of the Council of Lions And after several Arguments to perswade him to desist from this Enterprize he concludes He cannot forget those Popes his Predecessors whom upon the like Occasion had endured long and great Afflictions But these Allegations satisfy'd not the King who pretended That the Rights of the Regale were inherent in the Crown and had been enjoyed by his Ancestors and by them derived down to himself The Pope on the other side replyed That the Secular Power had no Right to things Sacred but as it was derived to them by the Authority of the Church and that the Church had not granted any such Right having expresly limited it by the Council of Lyons which hath now been observed 400 years This Controversie seemed to lie dormant from September 1678. unto December 1679. when it was again revived in the See of Pamiers in that point which concerned the Vacant Benefices and the mean Profits for the Kings Officers seized on them so that the good old Bishop had nothing to live on the last twenty Months of his Life but the Oblations and Charity of his People This occasioned the Pope to write to Cardinal D'Estree to interpose in this Affair as being a Person more than ordinarily concerned in the Dignity of the Apostolical See to which the Cardinal answer'd in the Style of a Court-Bishop extolling the Kings Merit his Zeal for the Faith and respect for the Apostolical Chair what he had done for the suppressing of Calvinists and Heresie within his Dominions and how bravely he had defended the Christian Cause against the Turks and in fine he laid down the dangers which would follow if any Dissention should arise between that King and the Church At length Cardinal D'Estree was dispatched to Rome with a Letter of Credence and Orders to treat immediately with the Pope himself but it seems his Negotiation produced little Alteration for the Pope continued steady and constant to his Principles And on the other side the Parliament of Paris became as zealous for the Kings Right and Authority for which the Kings Attorney General pleading made little esteem of the Popes Censures in respect of the Kings Orders The Church said he may indeed have an Authority to punish Men for Heresie and an ill Life but the World was now too well enlightned not to discern that the Thunders of Rome had been for several Ages vainly employed for extending its Authority beyond all due Bounds the Limits whereof were to be found in the Canons of the Church by which the Pope as well as others ought to govern himself And therefore desired that the last Brief sent by the Pope might be suppressed which was accordingly done by a Judgment of the Court of Parliament on the last of March 1681. And to give a farther Authority to this Judgment an extraordinary Assembly was called of all the Bishops then residing at Paris where were present Six Archbishops Twenty Six Bishops and Six that were named to Bishopricks to whom the Agents of the Clergy represented the Invasions made on the Liberties of the Gallican Church by the Popes Briefs both in general concerning the Regale and in particular in the Affair at Pamiers and the Nunneries and concerning a Book of Gerbais a Doctor of the Sorbonne De Gausis Majoribus which were equally contrary both to Church and State to the Canons and the Concordate by which the Pope upon a simple Complaint without any Appeal did by the plenitude of his Power judge at Rome concerning the validity of Elections and the Authority of Arch-Bishops and Primates c. The issue of this Assembly was They asserted the Authority of National Churches for judging all matters both of Faith and Manners and in the conclusion agreed to make an Address to the King praying him to give leave either for a National Counsel or an Assembly General the later of which was consented unto by his Majesty and summoned to meet the first of October following which met accordingly and at the opening thereof the Bishop of Meaux preached a most eloquent Sermon with much Applause after which the point of the Regale was put to the Question and argued learnedly on both sides and in conclusion the greatest part were of opinion that the Rights unto the Regale were inherent in the Crown and that the pretensions thereunto were Usurpations by the Church as appears by this following Declaration The Declaration of the Clergy of the Gallican Church concerning Ecclesiastical Power WE the Archbishops and Bishops Representatives of the Gallican Church being by Command of His Majesty Assembled at Paris together with others of the Clergy in the same manner delegated with us after long Debate and mature Consideration have thought fit to declare and determine these several particulars following I. That a Power is given by God to St. Peter and his Successors who are the Vicars of Christ and to the Church to Order and Regulate all Spiritual Matters but not to intermeddle in Civil or Temporal matters according to that Saying of our Lord My Kingdom is not of this World And again Give unto Caesar the things which are Caesars and unto God the things that are Gods And Agreeable hereunto is that of the Apostle Let every Soul be Subject to the Higher Powers for there is no Power but of God the Powers which are are ordained of God and whosoever resisteth the Power resisteth the Ordinance of God Wherefore Kings and Princes by the Law of God are not liable in temporal matters to the Ecclesiastical Power nor by the Power of the Keys can they be deposed either directly or indirectly or can their Subjects be absolved from their Fealty and Obedience to them or from their Oaths of Allegiance the which We confirm and determine as Principles not only necessary for conservation of the Publick Peace and Tranquility but for the better Government of the Church and as Truths agreeable to the Word of God the Tradition of the Fathers and to the Example and Practice of Saints and Holy Men. II. That the Apostolical See and the Successors of St. Peter who are the Vicars of Christ have a full and plenary Power in all Spiritual matters in such manner as is given to them by the Oecumenical Synod of Constance which is received by the Apostolical See and in such manner as hath been confirmed by the constant use and practice of the Popes of Rome and the whole Church and observed by the Religion of the Gallican Church and Decreed by the Authority of the General Councils in the Fourth and Fifth Sessions And the Gallican Church doth condemn the Opinion of those who esteemed