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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	ordinance_n	power_n	resist_v	2,543	5	10.0817	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15494	A loyal subiects looking-glasse, or A good subiects direction necessary and requisite for euery good Christian, liuing within any ciuill regiment or politique state, to view, behold, and examine himselfe in, that he may the better frame the course of his life, according to the true grounds of the duties of an honest and obedient subiect to his king, and to arme himselfe against all future syren songs, and alluring intisements of subtill, disloyall, dissembling, and vnnaturall conspirators, traitors, and rebels. Collected for the most part out of both olde and later writers, whose names are in the next page set downe. Wherevnto are brieflie added sixe speciall causes of vndutifull subiects disloyaltie. By William Willymat.	Willymat, William, d. 1615.	1604 (1604)	STC 25761; ESTC S120179	57,436	78

to set downe in this present treatise the true grounds of the most speciall duties which naturall subiectes are found to performe to higher powers whether they be supreame Maiestrates Magistrats and gouernours are of tvvo sorts as Emperors Kings and Princes Gods owne lieutenaunts vicegerents and deputies or whether they be their subordinate magistrates and inferior officers which also in their degrees and places are the ordinance of God for the good gouernment of men that vnder them they might lead a quiet and a peaceable life in all godlinesse and honestie The grounds of this present treatise or Loyall subiects looking-glasse for so not incongruently I haue entituled it in the beginning I purpose through Gods assistance to draw out of the words of Christ Iesus his owne mouth From vvhence the groūds of this present treatise are drawne which I haue thought not impertinent here to insert Giue vnto Caesar the things which are Caesars By the which word Caesar for so were the Romane Emperours called like as the Kings of Egypt were alwayes called Pharaos is not onely to be vnderstood the person of the Emperour Tiberius Caesar then raigning and ruling What is to be vnderstanded by the vvord Caesar The Anabaptists then neuer learned of Christ to disalovve Magistracy but also euery other Emperour King Prince and ciuill Magistrate temporall ruler worldly gouernour or officer whatsoeuer Moreouer by these words of our Sauiour Christ it is further to be vnderstanded and learned that he misliked not nor condemned but approoued allowed and confirmed all ciuill regiment politique state and order with all things that to it appertaine Now for the things which are Caesars that is for all duties which subiects doe owe and ought to performe to all their superiour gouernours and magistrates that is the matter which I haue here specially to deale with that is the marke which I haue chieflie to shoote at and those things by diligent reading searching and obseruing of learned authors both diuine and prophane I finde to be espedially fixe to wit 1. Sixe things especially due vnto Caesar Obedience 2. Feare 3. Honor. 4. Prayer 5. Tribute taxes subsidies c. 6. Not rashlie to take in hand or intermeddle with any part of Magistrates office without a lawfull calling Which said sixe duties of subiects due vnto their Caesar I haue comprehended in these verses following Sixe things by right are vnto Caesar due 1. Obedience first vnto his iust decrees 2. Next feare insixt in hearts of subiects true 3. The third is honour due from all degrees 4. The fourth for happie state of Prince to pray That God with peace may still his life prolong 5. And fifthy tribute willingly to paye Whereby his wealth may daily growe more strong 6. The sixe that none presume for glories sake Vuc●lde the parts of Magistrates to take CHAP. I. Concerning Obedience the first dutie of a loyall subiect ALL Emperours Kings Princes and other supreame Powers and Magistrats of what names or titles so euer according to the fashions and custome of all nations and languages that dwell in all the world are Gods Vizeroyes Vizegerents Lieutenants and Deputies here on earth and all subordinate and inferiour Maiestrates and Gouernours hauing their commission out of their principall commissions though but durante beneplacito at the will and pleasure of the higher power Wherefore magistrates vvere ordained yet for their time they are also ordained and appointed of God All such both supreme and inferiour ciuill magistrates are ministers armed both with lawes and sword to be nursers to Gods Church or people and Fathers to the common-wealth to guide gouerne and order the people within their seuerall circuites and charges whose hearts are in the Lords hands and the Lords sword in their hands to execute iustice and discipline as well in Ecclesiasticall as in all other causes for the benefit and good of the good and the punishment of the bad These are exalted and enthroned onely by the will and ordinance of God By whom the higher povvers are ordeined Prou. 8.15 VVis 6.23 So God himselfe protesteth saying By me Kings raigne and Princes decree iustice So doth the Wisemen tell and teach Giue eare yee that rule the multitudes and glorie in the multitude of the people for the rule is giuen you of the Lord and power by the most high Wisd 6.23 So the Prophet Daniel speaketh of God saying Dan. 2.25 He taketh away Kings and setteth v● Kings Yea more cleare is it then light it selfe that not onely good Emperours Kings and Princes are of God but also very tyrants and the worst Kings and Princes be they neuer so great an euill be they neuer so great a plague to their owne subiects or to their neighbour nations Good Kings are giuen of God in his great mercie Tytants bad Kings are also set vp and ordeined of God and wherefore and euill Kings in his wrath and iustice for the finnes of the people he giueth an euill king in his anger Hoseas ● 3.11 for the sinnes of the people he suffereth an hypocrite to raigne Iob. 34.30 Euill Princes are the instruments of Gods iustice and the executioners of his vengeance as their very titles declare for so was Ashur called the Rod of Gods wrath Esa 10.5 So was Nabuchodonozar King of Babel called Gods Seruant Ierem. 27.6 So did Attyla that most valiant Scythian Prince conquerour of diuerse countries kingdomes and nations call himselfe Flagellum Dei the Scourge of God So was Tamberlaine that cruell tyrant King of Parthia called Ira Dei and Terror orbis the wrath of God and the terrour of the world Vnto these and all such like were they good or bad among diuers other duties doth God himselfe appoint and commaund euery Christian subiect Obedience due vnto bad kings of what ranck or degree so euer to yeelde obedience This is one of those things which our Sauiour Christ spake of when he said Giue vnto Caesar the things which are Caesars Rom. 13.1 Thus saith his chosen vessell S. Paul Let euery soule be subiect to the higher powers for there is no power but of God and the powers that be ordeined of God Rom. Tit. 3.1 13. Also he writeth vnto Titus after this manner Put them in remembrance that they be subiect vnto Principalities and powers and that they be obedient c. Tit. 3.1 Saint Peter also taught by the same spirit saith Submit your selues vnto all maner ordinance of man for the Lords sake whether it be to the King as to the superiour or vnto Gouernours as vnto them that are sent of him for the punishment of euill doers and for the praise of them that doe well for it is the will of God that by well dooing yee may put to silence the ignorance of the foolish men 1. Pet. 2.13.14.15 Diuers and sundrie are the reasons and causes which should mooue and stirre vp Christian loyall subiects to this dutie of

matter there is store display herein the vile trecherous beginnings the most horrible enuious malicious ambitious and rebellious proceedings and the worthely deserued shamfull ends of Korah Num. 16. 1. King 16. 2. King 15. 2. King 21. Dathan and Abiram of captaine Zimbri of Shallum the sonne of Iabesh of Pelah the sonne of Remaliah of the seruants of king Ammon that slue their maister the king And in prophane hisstories of Brutus Cassius that conspired the death of Caesar after whose death they neuer had quiet day till bloud was requited with bloud Brutus and Cassius Of Engenius that rebelled against the Emperour Thcodosius Trip. hist lib. 9. ca. 4● whose rebellious armie the Lord consumed and dismaide whereby Eugenius was in the end forced to fall downe at the feete of Theodosius where notwithstanding he was slaine had his rebellious head cut off frō his shoulders Of Procopius against the Emperour Valens Trip. hist lib. 7. ca. 15. of whom Procopius being taken in open fight in the field he had for his iust reward his two leggs tyed to two yong trees growing neare together and bowed downe by strength which being sodenly let rise rent Procopius the rebell asunder Lib. eccl 10 cap. 19. Of Magnensius the rebellious tyrant against Constans the Emperour who neuer enioyed good day after his rebellion till he was vtterlie destroyed by Constantius the Emperours brother And in our English Chronicles of diuerse Dukes Earles Lords and Knights and thousands of their followers And likewise in the Scottish I need not to bestow neither time paper nor inke it being lately heretofore done by others vpon the description of the vnnaturalnesse barbarity and high traiterous and viperous attempts of diuers Earles Lords Knights and Gentlemen of late time of many of the common inferior treacherous sort adhering and readie at command of the sayd Noble men and their complices Gen. 27.16.17 all of them differing far from the spirit of Moses that man of God who was more troubled in his spirite being forwarned of God of the time of his death for a gouernor for his people then for the losse of his owne life whereas these on the otherside shewed themselues very forward earnest and busie though with daunger of the losse of their liues lands and goods to depriue the people their neighbours countrifolks and friends of a most christian vertuous wise and learned gouernor and to set all vpon seauen and a leauen for the effecting and bringing to passe of their deuillish wicked desperate and vnnaturall treacherous enterprises But seeing that both sacred and prophane histories both English and Scottish Chronicles may furnish vs as it were with whole clowds of such examples for caueats and warnings in this case let all English Scottish Irish and all other good king IAMES his now liuing subiects Learne to take vvarning by other mens falles and their succeding posteritie laye to their hearts consider take warning and learne to be wise by such conspiracies factions seditions commotions rebellions lewde dispotions inconsiderate and wicked attempts foolish and rash actions recorded Ad perpetuam rei infamiam Faelix o nimium faelix aliena pericla Quem cautum reddunt quemque cauere docent O happie are those subiects sure whom rebels harmes make ware Full quietly may they take rest when rebels catke and care Full truly didst thou write ô Ignatius Ignatius epist 2. ad Magnesianos thou good olde christian and constant martyr of Iesus Christ in the Primatiue church No man euer remained vnpunished which lifted vp himselfe against his betters his superiours his princes Agreeing herein with the doctrine of the holy ghost by S. Paul They that resist shall receaue to themselues iudgment Rom. 13.2 that is not only the punishment of iudges here in this life but also the eternall vengeance of God in the life to come Tvvo kind of punishments of treasons For the punishments of disobedience treason are of these two sorts either punishments of and by God or punishments of or by man The punishments of men are mediatly laid vpon conspirators rebels traitors by men whom God doth vse as his rods and instruments against them to correct scourge them by The punishments of God are those which are sent from God immediatly whereof there wants not many terrible fearefull and extraordinarie examples as hereafter anone you shall more at large here of them by diuerse their seuerall sorts and kinds The punishments that falls vpon such trecherous offenders mediatly by man are punishmēts in death punishments in bloud or posteritie The maner of the death of traitors what is signified by that kind of death punishments in name punishments in buriall punishments in body punishments in offices punishments in howses lands and goods The punishment in death is by a speciall appointed maner of death not common after the common sort of other offenders deaths but as they offend against no common person but against the head of the common-wealth so is their death for the most part by the head being taken from the rest of the body as in their life time they conspired practised and sought to cut off their supreme Soueraigne head euen so by most iust death they suffer Legem talionis the Law of like for like for affecting though very seldome effecting Interueniente plerumque prounclis suis protectione diuina the most wicked bloudy irreligious impious subuersion and vtter downfall of kings and princes whom God hath set vp to be rulers gouernours and heads ouer his people Punishments of traitors in bloud and posterities The punishments in bloud and posteritie is when their children and childrens children their bloud and all their posterity through the attendor and shamefull fall of their traiterous parents and auncetors are so stained and dishonored their ancient houses lands goods so dissipated ouerthrowne that their posterity though they spare with open mouths to exclaime vpon them cursse and ban yet they cannot choose but euen volentes nolentes at one time or other burst out to future ages bewaile and lament their auncestors trecherous disloyaltie to their Princes and countrey Punishmēt of traitors by nature how it is Punishment in name is when the very name of rebels traitors giueth a most odious scent and smel throughout the whole land and reacheth also vnto the ears of the inhabitants of neighbour nations leauing euery where behind it so vnhappy so hated and so infamous and so reproachful a memory that the traitors bird may say of his Sire and lewd progenitor Gen. 34.30 Thou hast made our fauour to stinke before the inhabitants of the Land Punishment in buriall or rather through want of buriall Punishmēt of traitors in buriall is when traitors bodies are dismembred by peece-meale and being fixed vpon the gates and walles of great cities are exposed to the eyes and reserued for a fresh

Gods chosen vessels S. Titus 3.1 Paul not to swell against not to threaten and crack but rather in steed of that to pray not onely for kings but also for all that are set in authoritie vnder them And learne that not only the king and supreame magistrates but also that euen likewise subordinate subalternall and inferiour magistrates and officers are ordeined by speciall institution according to Gods will reueiled and that although inferiour persons haue their authority deriued vnto them but by vertue of a commission out of a commission in the respect of the Prince yet so long as the prince sendeth him and alloweth and confirmeth his authority so long is he called and sent from God in respect of thy conscience thou art bound to obay for thy conscience sake thou may not resist for receiuing to thy selfe condemnation or iudgment of what parentage birth or degree soeuer he be yea or of carriage or behauiour otherwise soeuer he be be he neuer so bad a fellow as thou takest him after in thine owne humerous construction Priuate subiects of what note so euer may not controule or resist magistrates or their officers though they be very bad mē for Quid haec adte ti●i hic non est concessum iudiciunt si m●●o ●ger● habot iudi●●m cui in di● illo rationem reddit What hast thou to do or meddle to censure his birth his preferment his parentage or who hath appoynted thee a iudge for his other bad qualities or misbehauiour If he doe amisse he shall be sute to haue a iudge which one day shall call him to an accounte of his steward-ship In the meane time none of these by matters nor hoate protended excuses can discharge thy duty and obedience Nisi cogeret te contra dei praeceptum quippiam agere hic obedientia reprimenda est dicendum est oportet deo plus obedire quam tibi Alwaies prouided if he goe aboute to enforce thee by vertue or vnder colour of his office to attempt any thing against Gods expresse commaundement and will here in this case onely art thou not bound to obay but thou may answere with the Apostles Peter and Iohn I must obay God rather then you Acts. 4.19 here onely art thou exempted from obedience and herein yet thou mayst not in any wise draw thy sword against any magistrate thy selfe being a priuate person for Christ himselfe in this case saith vnto thee that which he once spake to Peter Mat. 26.52 Put thy sword vp into his sheath for all that take the sword shall perish with the sword Thirdly the feare which the scholler hath of his maister maketh him carefull to do those things which are right and good and to auoide the contrary according to his masters appointment The third vse of feare in a subiect Euen likewise this aforsaid good and necessary stars frameth and fashioneth in euery faithfull and true subiects heart an carnest desire to obay those whom God hath set ouer him in all good and godly things which they command to be done and eschewing those euil things which they haue by their lawes in any wise prohibited and forbidden yea although there be no penalty at all set thereon Fourthly like as the feare in a scholler maketh him in the ende to become learned and louing to his maister of whom ●he hath receiued both learning and good manners the effects and fruits of learning although at the first he were forced thereunto with feare contrary to his owne mind will and froward nature The fourth vse of feare in a subiect Euen so this good feare in a good subiect bringeth him into an habite of all dutifullnesse vnto his magistrats maketh him to be come cunning and skilfull in the knowledge of a true subiects allegiance a thing as is aforesaid most necessarie for euery subiect to be acquainted with It is aforesaid in the first page next the knowledge of Gods lawes and moreover it causeth and worketh in euery loyall subiect a reciproke loue towards his King Prince c. in li●w and regard of the manifould and great blessings and benefit which he receiueth daily howerly enioyeth by his superiours good protection and gouernment Filtly and lastly like as a schollers feare which he hath alwayes moouing and stirring him vp to all dutifull obedience and loue of his master draweth a certaine good liking inclinatton and kind affection loue and good cōmendation from the maister to the scholler vpon the first triall and continued proofes of these vertues issuing and proceeding first from his reuerent feare The fit vse and profit of feare in a subiect Euen so experience may euery day teach euery one that will giue his mind to note and consider hereof that this loyal subiects dutiful feare after a time of triall and due tast thereof and of the effects and vertues thereof arising will win and draw out of the hearts of the king or other supreme heads and magistrats a certaine reciproke mutuall loue and good liking of the higher powers towards all such dutifull and louing subiects as shall turne to their great and singular comfort if not to his preferment to his exaltation and the lifting vp of his head amongst his brethren and felow-subiects Now as for the most parte there is not lightly any thing so good profitable and necessary amongst men but it may be corrupted depraued and decline to the worse part through the abusing of the same Euen so likewife this feare hauing all these before named most excellent quallities Feare although it be a necessarie thing to be giuen to Caesar yet may it be abused fruits and effects yet if you looke not well vnto it through the deuils suggesting and mans naturall corruptions and infirmities this so good and necessary a vertue may notwithstanding be diuers waies be abused as first the abuse of this feare ariseth of the vnmeasurablenes therof for as the cōmon saying is Omne nimium vertitur in vitium The first abuse of feare too much of any thing is faulty then they incurre a manifest abuse of this feare which go so far forward therin that they stand in greater awe and feare of the power of men then of Gods power which are throughly touched with a bodily feare of man which if they do the worst can but kill the body but God who is able to kill both body and soule they feare not at all or at the leastwise not so much as men This peruerse abuse of feare doth Christ himselfe correct and reproue as appeareth in Mat. 10.28 Feare ye not them which kill the body but are not able to kill the soule but rather seare c. The second abuse of this feare is when the penall lawes statutes forfeitures The secōd abuse of feare and losses of trifles and things of no moment nor weight in comparison deuised and set downe by men as for the breach of any good orders or of

dutifull maner they ought to submit themselues Let all loyall subiects therfore take heede auoide and shun from Enure this third cause of subiects vndutifulnes and according to S. Paul his exhortation Do all things without murmurings reasonings that they may be blamles pure Phil. 2. and the sonnes of God without rebuke in the middest of a naughty and crooked nation CHAP. IIII. Concerning the lack of subiects wisdome and knowledge the fourth cause of their vndutifulnesse THe fourth way by which sathan seeketh to abuse subiects and to inueigle and entise them to abuse and make lesse account and reckoning of higher powers and magistracie then they should and to grow more vntowardly and contemptuous in their bounden duties then becommeth dutifull subiects for to be The great in conueniences of want of wisdome and knowledge is lack of wisdome and knowledge for through the one that is through lack of wisdome subiects become altogether vnable to iudge and discerne of princes pretenses and pollicies so both ashly foolishly take vpon them like Sus Mincruam to censure controull and condemne the actions and proceedings of their princes through the other that is lack of knowledge they be come vndutifull and disobodient to the lawes ordinances iniunctions acts and statutes of the king and his magistrates and officers vnder whom they liue Kings Princes and gouernours do vse oftentimes for diuerse causes to disguise their purposes with pretenses and colours of other matters Princes proceedings pollicies and purposes not to be condemned nor misconstered so that the end of their drifts and secret purposes are not right seene into nor vnderstood at the first this to be lawfull the word of God doth not deny To make construction of intents and as yet vnknowen meanings of princes in any ill part falleth not for subiects but rather to interpret them in the best maner and take them in the best part Euery creature is not acquainted with the mind of his creator nor euery subiect of his gouernour so the Lord saith Iob giueth not account of all his matters and so in some respect it may likewise be said of princes that they giue not accounts of their matters to all their subiects 1. King 3. King Salomon pretended to deuide the quick child betweene the two harlots and did not what if any foolish busie subiect or seruant had stept in to haue taken exception against Salomons commaundement of diuiding the infant surely it had argued a foolish want of discresion and a sawsie vndutifullnesse to haue interrupted the kings attempt wherin did lurke almost manifest reuellation of king Salomons exceeding gift of wisdome 2. King 10. Iehu pretended that he would serue Baal much more then euer did Ahab but he did it not but by this subtilty destroyed all the seruants of Baal Euseb lib. 1 chap. 11. de vita constant Constantius the Emperour pretended that as many as would offer sacrifice vnto Idols should haue accesse to his royall person dwell in his court and haue offices and great honor in the common wealth but they that would not should both be banished the court and depriued presently of such honors as now they did enioy But yet he did not so but by that policie tried the true christians from Idolaters and so tooke to them and cast out the Idolaters had it not beene great lack of wisdome to haue interrupted these Christian princes pretences and commaundements tending as afterward it proued to so good an end had it not been busie folly and rash vndutifullnesse for any subiects to haue meddled taken exceptions against exclamed vpon and condemned these christian pretenses and pollices Here-hence then let Christian subiects learne to beware that they fall not into vndutifullnesse through this lacke of wisdome in not discerning the lawfullnesse drift and end of princes affaires And likewise let them here learne and striue to be acquainted with and to know their Princes lawes for otherwise they must needs incurre the crime of vndutifullnesse through lacke of knowledge for how can they obay lawes which they neuer sawe heard not read of and yet can they not be excused through ignorance CHAP. V. Concerning Discontentment of minde the fift cause of subiests vndutifulnesse THe fift cause of vndutifulnesse of subiects which hindereth many from performing and yeelding of those bounden duties which magistrates may iustly expect at their hands is discontentment of mind Two sorts of subiects troubled with discontentment of minde abounding especially in two sorts of subiects first in the proud ambitious sort of great men in the world secondly in the wicked and wilfull needy sort of inferiour subiects of the first hath bin spoken in the first and second chapters for the second when they haue rashly inconsideratly prodigally and lewdly wasted and consumed their patrimony their landes and goods when all is gone and nothing left then in their discontented moods with blasphemous and horrible oathes they will vtter and maintaine diuerse vnseemely vncouth vngodly vndutifull disloyall positions as that this world is vneuenly dealt that it is no sinne to take it from these fat backes and greasie bagges that haue it and will do no good with it but will suffer a good felow to starue in the streets or h●ng himselfe before they will depart from one peny that they hope to see a day shortly when a sword and a dagger will do them as much good as the best farme or the best plowe in the parish that if all they haue will buie them a sword and a dagger they hope to liue as well as the richest Curmuchin of them all and that they be good fellowes and haue had it and must haue it and will haue it for why as some of them say Domini est terra plenitudo eius the earth is the Lords and all that therin is These prodigal professors of irregulatity in their malecontented fitts when they see that their companie will serue them stick not to despise all rules of magistracie then Ex abundantia cordis es loquitur their tongues run voluntary wilfully and wittingly scornefully and contemptuously will they cast out words of high indignation and disdein against the reuerence and honor of higher powers and so these wild-headed and staring eyed creatures these impudent and audatious spirited madcappes must be counted forsooth men of valor of ingenious spirits of manly courage and martiall natures they looke as bigge as if their faces were made of harnesse and their hearts growen with haire like Leonides that most valiant and couragious Lacedimonian These furious roysters and desperate cauallieres crooke in their nailes to keepe them sharpe for a day and with their Absolons long locks prognosticate either a vindictiue resolution of mind or foolish vaine heads or Absolon fatal end they want nothing but only a ring-leader a captaine of their owne conditions whom they may follow or else bandes and legions of lewdlings like themselues which would