occasion_n and_o be_v not_o altogether_o make_v in_o the_o first_o foundation_n as_o the_o law_n whereby_o the_o commonweal_n of_o israel_n who_o law_n be_v uniform_o make_v by_o moses_n from_o god_n or_o those_o of_o crete_n cybaris_n sparta_n &_o carthage_n by_o minos_n charondas_n lycurgus_n and_o phalcas_n nevertheless_o many_o emperor_n and_o king_n have_v always_o refer_v the_o end_n of_o difference_n which_o happen_v between_o merchant_n to_o be_v do_v &_o decide_v according_a to_o the_o law-merchant_n that_o be_v to_o say_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n who_o by_o their_o travel_n find_v the_o diversity_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o the_o goodness_n and_o use_n of_o commodity_n please_v to_o all_o nation_n whereby_o the_o superfluity_n of_o they_o be_v vent_v among_o they_o ut_fw-la quod_fw-la uspiam_fw-la nascitur_fw-la boni_fw-la id_fw-la apud_fw-la omnes_fw-la affluat_fw-la this_o law_n of_o merchant_n or_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la in_o the_o 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of_o sovereignty_n and_o herein_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o difference_n between_o law_n and_o custom_n according_a to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o say_v worthy_a author_n cicero_n custom_n difference_n between_o law_n and_o custom_n a_o custom_n say_v he_o take_v her_o strength_n by_o little_a and_o little_a in_o progress_n of_o time_n by_o a_o general_a consent_n or_o of_o the_o most_o part_n but_o the_o law_n come_v forth_o in_o a_o moment_n and_o take_v her_o strength_n from_o he_o that_o have_v power_n to_o command_v custom_n do_v take_v place_n gentle_o but_o the_o law_n command_v with_o a_o power_n sudden_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o law_n may_v abolish_v custom_n but_o custom_n can_v derogate_v from_o the_o law_n because_o magistrate_n will_v see_v they_o execute_v at_o all_o time_n custom_n have_v their_o strength_n by_o sufferance_n but_o the_o law_n command_v by_o absolute_a authority_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o yet_o custom_n be_v of_o no_o less_o power_n than_o a_o 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make_v no_o precedent_n and_o be_v to_o be_v supress_v by_o law_n likewise_o a_o custom_n well_o observe_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o law_n not_o observe_v custom_n a_o gradation_n concern_v law_n and_o custom_n and_o this_o gradation_n ought_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o serious_o observe_v concern_v law_n and_o custom_n that_o even_o as_o the_o will_n contract_n or_o testament_n of_o particular_a man_n can_v derogate_v or_o undo_v the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o as_o the_o order_n of_o the_o magistrate_n can_v abolish_v ancient_a good_a custom_n nor_o custom_n can_v abridge_v the_o general_a law_n of_o a_o absolute_a prince_n no_o more_o can_v the_o law_n of_o prince_n alter_v or_o change_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n bartolus_n baldus_n justinian_n ulpian_n paul_n the_o jurisconsulse_n papinian_n benvenuto_n straccha_n petrus_n santerne_n joannes_n inder_v balduinus_n de_fw-fr vbald_n rodericus_fw-la suarez_n jason_n angel_n andrias_n tiraquell_n alciatus_fw-la budeus_n alexander_n perusius_n pomponius_n incolaus_fw-la boertius_fw-la azo_n celsus_n rusinus_n mansilius_fw-la
within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v the_o king_n chamber_n after_o this_o follow_v the_o particular_a letter_n for_o the_o delivery_n of_o several_a country_n and_o town_n as_o caour_n carsin_n monstreull_a calais_n rochel_n turaine_n poitiers_n poitou_n xantes_n xantogne_n dagonois_n perigot_n and_o diverse_a other_o beside_o many_o letter_n concern_v the_o french_a king_n liberty_n and_o his_o hostage_n and_o of_o the_o homage_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o remain_v with_o the_o title_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o domayne_n beside_o many_o other_o memorable_a thing_n so_o that_o all_o matter_n concern_v the_o sea_n and_o land_n be_v establish_v for_o those_o sea_n and_o king_n eâ—ward_n take_v six_o penny_n a_o ton_n for_o fish_v ship_n king_n henry_n the_o five_o who_o do_v conquer_v all_o france_n and_o have_v the_o possession_n of_o mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la lose_v nothing_o of_o his_o right_n no_o more_o do_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o proclamation_n treaty_n hollâ—ngshed_n chro_fw-la hollâ—ngshed_n and_o contract_v not_o only_o with_o the_o french_a but_o with_o the_o archduke_n of_o burgundy_n as_o by_o guicchardins_n chronicle_n treatise_n chr._n froiszart_n guiccâ—arâ—in_n and_o the_o say_a treatise_n or_o historical_a description_n of_o the_o low-countries_n appear_v and_o as_o doctor_n d_o you_o in_o his_o book_n of_o navigation_n affirm_v king_n henry_n the_o seven_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o fish_n trade_n proper_o belong_v unto_o england_n in_o his_o sea_n and_o dominion_n have_v resolve_v to_o settle_v a_o trade_n thereupon_o which_o he_o prefer_v above_o all_o voyage_n for_o in_o those_o day_n there_o be_v no_o fish_v trade_n establish_v in_o the_o low-countries_n antiquity_n by_o original_a antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o hundred_o year_n complete_a that_o one_o violet_n stephens_n and_o other_o discontent_a fishmonger_n depart_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o go_v into_o holland_n to_o the_o town_n of_o enckhusen_n where_o they_o procure_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o fish_n for_o they_o in_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n sea_n stream_n and_o dominion_n which_o inhabitant_n upon_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o say_v englishmen_n fishmonger_n take_v the_o whole_a trade_n to_o themselves_o disperse_v the_o same_o into_o many_o other_o town_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v admirable_o increase_v queen_n marie_n be_v marry_v with_o king_n philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n under_o who_o all_o the_o seventeen_o low_a province_n be_v unite_v grant_v a_o lease_n unto_o the_o say_a king_n for_o the_o fish_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o ireland_n for_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n for_o a_o certain_a fine_a and_o pay_v one_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a into_o the_o treasury_n of_o ireland_n and_o edward_n fitton_n knight_n then_o treasurer_n and_o the_o company_n of_o the_o old_a haunce_n in_o primo_fw-la of_o the_o say_a queen_n marie_n have_v also_o liberty_n to_o sish_v within_o the_o say_a sea_n upon_o certain_a condition_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o for_o england_n northwards_o licence_n be_v give_v at_o scarborough_n castle_n to_o this_o distinction_n of_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n porteullis_n invention_n of_o the_o porteullis_n i_o call_v to_o memory_n the_o proceed_n of_o that_o victorious_a king_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o during_o the_o time_n that_o calais_n be_v under_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o it_o have_v be_v full_a 211_o year_n use_v the_o invention_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o portcullis_n signify_v the_o power_n of_o lock_v up_o of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n which_o be_v think_v convenient_a to_o be_v use_v upon_o the_o coin_n make_v for_o the_o east-indies_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o trade_n be_v piece_n of_o the_o 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christianorum_fw-la rex_fw-la he_o cause_v a_o archer_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o his_o pavilion_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o his_o inscription_n be_v cui_fw-la adherio_fw-la praeest_fw-la declare_v thereby_o his_o present_a strength_n whereby_o he_o do_v qualify_v those_o war_n and_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o say_v french_a king_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o state_n of_o a_o prince_n do_v as_o much_o consist_v by_o reputation_n as_o by_o strength_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james_n have_v also_o be_v mindful_a of_o his_o right_n of_o distinct_a dominion_n for_o the_o great_a blessing_n which_o almighty_a god_n have_v allot_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a under_o his_o majesty_n dominion_n be_v so_o visible_a to_o all_o the_o world_n as_o that_o thereby_o they_o be_v ravish_v with_o admiration_n for_o albeit_o that_o the_o earthly_a blessing_n be_v produce_v in_o seasonable_a time_n yet_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v direct_v and_o point_v at_o by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n at_o infallible_a season_n cause_v those_o watery_a creature_n to_o offer_v themselves_o for_o our_o sustenance_n and_o for_o the_o general_a good_a of_o all_o creature_n in_o place_n certain_a within_o his_o majesty_n sea_n stream_n and_o dominion_n and_o not_o into_o the_o main_a where_o fish_v can_v be_v effect_v whereupon_o his_o majesty_n before_o his_o come_n into_o england_n do_v let_v the_o fish_n of_o scotland_n to_o the_o hollander_n for_o fifteen_o year_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o more_o ancient_a treaty_n between_o they_o that_o the_o fish_n then_o agree_v upon_o shall_v be_v eighty_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n to_o the_o end_n the_o scoles_n of_o herring_n shall_v not_o be_v interrupt_v his_o majesty_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n make_v a_o grant_v to_o one_o collyn_n of_o coventrie_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n for_o the_o fish_n in_o some_o part_n of_o ireland_n fish_v grant_v make_v for_o fish_v and_o the_o like_a grant_n have_v be_v make_v for_o the_o isle_n of_o garnesey_n and_o jarnesey_n according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n law_n by_o the_o common_a law_n which_o in_o this_o point_n concern_v his_o majesty_n right_a of_o dominion_n be_v very_o copious_a the_o handle_n whereof_o i_o leave_v to_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a of_o the_o say_v law_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n say_a reign_n his_o highness_n cause_v a_o proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v concern_v his_o dominion_n of_o fish_v which_o be_v compendious_a and_o substantial_a i_o think_v convenient_a here_o to_o be_v insert_v verbatim_o james_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defendor_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n to_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n to_o who_o it_o may_v appertain_v greeting_n although_o we_o do_v sufficient_o know_v by_o our_o experience_n in_o the_o office_n of_o regal_a dignity_n in_o which_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o almighty_a god_n we_o have_v be_v place_v and_o exercise_v these_o many_o year_n as_o also_o by_o observation_n which_o we_o have_v make_v of_o other_o christian_a prince_n exemplary_a action_n how_o far_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o our_o sovereign_a power_n extend_v itself_o and_o that_o in_o regard_n thereof_o we_o need_v not_o to_o yield_v account_n to_o any_o person_n under_o god_n for_o any_o action_n of_o we_o which_o be_v lawful_o ground_v upon_o that_o just_a prerogative_n yet_o such_o have_v ever_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v our_o care_n and_o desire_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o our_o neighbour_n prince_n and_o friend_n in_o any_o action_n which_o may_v have_v the_o least_o relation_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o estate_n as_o we_o have_v think_v good_a by_o way_n of_o friendly_a praemonition_n to_o declare_v unto_o they_o all_o and_o to_o whosoever_o it_o may_v appertain_v as_o follow_v whereas_o we_o
retail_n 14_o because_o the_o same_o be_v most_o agreeable_a with_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o country_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fertility_n afford_v very_o convenient_a mean_n for_o the_o trial_n thereof_o by_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n be_v gentle_a 15_o because_o man_n be_v to_o reduce_v the_o state_n or_o issue_n of_o their_o cause_n upon_o one_o peremptory_a exception_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n whereby_o matter_n be_v determine_v with_o expedition_n 16_o for_o that_o it_o command_v not_o any_o thing_n but_o what_o be_v honest_a reasonable_a and_o possible_a in_o itself_o and_o all_o impossibility_n be_v exclude_v thereby_o 17_o for_o that_o thereof_o may_v be_v make_v a_o art_n or_o science_n in_o manner_n before_o declare_v see_v the_o same_o be_v finite_a in_o her_o precept_n according_a to_o the_o old_a maxim_n or_o principle_n whereunto_o every_o thing_n be_v reduce_v and_o explain_v as_o aforesaid_a all_o ambiguity_n and_o dark_a sentence_n will_v be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o judge_n shall_v easy_o give_v a_o clear_a understanding_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o solon_n who_o make_v the_o arropagit_n of_o athens_n to_o be_v as_o guardian_n of_o the_o law_n 18_o for_o that_o the_o trial_n thereof_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n upon_o one_o point_n peremptory_o or_o in_o certainty_n be_v brief_a and_o substantial_a because_o the_o witness_n which_o be_v produce_v before_o they_o by_o who_o evidence_n the_o state_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v make_v must_v be_v approve_v by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n as_o aforesaid_a 19_o for_o that_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o be_v according_o decide_v either_o by_o the_o jury_n upon_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n or_o by_o the_o judge_n upon_o demurrer_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o the_o matter_n of_o 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have_v like_o a_o queen_n a_o predominant_a power_n from_z whence_o proceed_v mutual_a love_n and_o sure_a amity_n from_o the_o prince_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o from_o the_o subject_n again_o due_a obedience_n to_o the_o prince_n in_o a_o most_o pleasant_a harmony_n and_o concord_n deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o law_n receive_v publish_v and_o record_v without_o any_o reason_n to_o be_v render_v for_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v lex_fw-la cum_fw-la prologo_fw-la wherewith_o seneca_n find_v fault_n when_o he_o say_v jubeat_fw-la lex_fw-la non_fw-la suadeat_fw-la and_o as_o the_o law_n be_v derive_v à _fw-la ligare_fw-la to_o bind_v so_o be_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n bind_v to_o the_o head_n and_o may_v be_v make_v easy_a in_o practice_n for_o as_o the_o saâ—d_n seneca_n say_v nil_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la pertinax_fw-la opera_fw-la &_o diligens_fw-la cura_fw-la non_fw-la expugnat_fw-la of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n the_o law_n of_o france_n be_v either_o write_v or_o customary_a and_o according_a to_o this_o division_n the_o country_n be_v divide_v acquitanie_n and_o a_o part_n of_o celtica_n next_o unto_o it_o be_v call_v pay_v the_o droict_n escript_n because_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n â—â—_o there_o in_o force_n law_n write_a law_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v think_v to_o be_v because_o the_o roman_n do_v continue_v long_o in_o those_o part_n after_o the_o frankes_n have_v make_v a_o thorough_a conquest_n of_o the_o other_o belgica_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o celtica_n be_v call_v coustumier_n because_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o ancient_a custom_n custom_n ancient_a custom_n which_o among_o they_o have_v the_o force_n of_o law_n howbeit_o neither_o the_o civil_a law_n nor_o the_o customary_a be_v further_o in_o force_n than_o they_o be_v agreeable_a with_o the_o edict_n of_o the_o king_n under_o the_o law_n write_v be_v comprehend_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o king_n edict_n and_o ordinance_n make_v by_o advice_n either_o of_o the_o privy_a council_n or_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o the_o arrest_n or_o ordinance_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o erection_n of_o their_o university_n of_o law_n the_o king_n express_o declare_v that_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n neither_o receive_v it_o for_o further_a use_n than_o to_o draw_v instruction_n of_o good_a government_n and_o reason_n from_o it_o as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o charter_n at_o orleans_n by_o philip_n le_fw-fr bell_n anno_fw-la 1312_o wherein_o he_o show_v that_o this_o realm_n be_v govern_v by_o custom_n and_o not_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n except_o in_o some_o province_n which_o the_o king_n have_v permit_v in_o some_o case_n so_o to_o do_v not_o as_o bound_v but_o as_o willing_a to_o continue_v the_o law_n which_o their_o subject_n of_o ancient_a time_n have_v use_v so_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n general_o be_v not_o in_o force_n but_o only_o for_o direction_n and_o form_n of_o plead_v and_o proceed_v in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o process_n and_o where_o it_o be_v most_o in_o force_v the_o court_n of_o parliament_n have_v authority_n to_o construe_v and_o interpret_v it_o as_o they_o think_v good_a of_o all_o the_o write_v law_n in_o france_n the_o ordinance_n and_o edict_n of_o the_o king_n be_v most_o in_o force_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o the_o only_a law_n and_o all_o other_o have_v their_o life_n from_o they_o and_o be_v so_o far_o forth_o available_a as_o they_o be_v strengthen_v by_o they_o the_o arrest_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o great_a authority_n be_v pronounce_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o be_v as_o law_n to_o be_v follow_v in_o all_o case_n in_o like_a manner_n their_o ordinance_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v only_o during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o king_n provide_v not_o otherwise_o and_o in_o their_o own_o circuit_n only_o for_o they_o have_v not_o authority_n to_o make_v law_n general_a and_o perpetual_a the_o custom_n which_o diverse_a province_n claim_v be_v of_o late_a year_n draw_v into_o writing_n and_o publish_v in_o print_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a understanding_n of_o they_o and_o the_o avoid_v of_o confusion_n so_o that_o now_o all_o the_o law_n of_o france_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v law_n this_o be_v begin_v in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o seven_o anno_fw-la 1453_o and_o order_v also_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o anno_fw-la 1579._o jmposition_n subsidy_n and_o jmposition_n this_o manner_n of_o government_n cause_v subsidy_n and_o jmposition_n to_o be_v make_v as_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o king_n authority_n which_o be_v at_o the_o first_o grant_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n upon_o urgent_a necessity_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n only_o comâ—inaâ—le_a clergy_n nobility_n and_o comâ—inaâ—le_a but_o now_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o be_v ordinary_a charles_n the_o seven_o be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v they_o ordinary_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o soldier_n francis_n the_o first_o and_o henry_n the_o second_o do_v the_o like_a personal_a subsidy_n be_v take_v by_o the_o pole_n whereof_o ecclesiastical_a man_n nobleman_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n and_o child_n be_v exempt_v real_a or_o patrimonial_a subsidy_n be_v levy_v by_o land_n in_o some_o province_n as_o languedoc_n and_o provence_n whereof_o no_o person_n be_v exempt_v mix_v subsidy_n be_v levy_v of_o the_o yeomandrie_n and_o some_o person_n of_o mean_n the_o great_a imposition_n be_v upon_o wine_n now_o fifteen_o sou_n upon_o every_o mew_v and_o upon_o salt_n appoint_v by_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n salt_n magazine_n of_o salt_n call_v magazine_n or_o gremer_n for_o salt_n forbid_v merchant_n to_o traffic_v for_o it_o set_v a_o rate_n of_o four_o denier_n upon_o every_o pound_n of_o
dignity_n and_o to_o be_v cherish_v for_o by_o they_o country_n be_v discover_v familiarity_n between_o nation_n be_v procure_v and_o politic_a experience_n be_v attain_v whereupon_o i_o have_v be_v move_v by_o long_a observation_n to_o put_v the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o customary_a law_n of_o merchant_n in_o plain_a and_o compendious_a writing_n by_o undoubted_a principle_n familiar_a example_n and_o demonstrative_a reason_n without_o affectation_n of_o curious_a word_n more_o than_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o theme_n in_o some_o place_n do_v require_v i_o have_v entitle_v the_o book_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la and_o not_o ius_n mercatorum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v a_o customary_a law_n approve_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o all_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n and_o not_o a_o law_n establish_v by_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o any_o prince_n either_o in_o the_o first_o foundation_n or_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o beginning_n with_o time_n number_n weight_n and_o measure_n i_o do_v descend_v to_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n divide_v into_o three_o part_n according_o by_o compare_v they_o to_o the_o body_n soul_n and_o spirit_n of_o commerce_n namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n the_o first_o as_o the_o body_n uphold_v the_o world_n by_o commutation_n and_o barter_n of_o commodity_n until_o money_n be_v devise_v to_o be_v coin_a the_o second_o as_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o body_n do_v infuse_v life_n to_o traffic_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o equality_n and_o equity_n prevent_v advantage_n between_o buyer_n and_o seller_n the_o three_o as_o the_o spirit_n and_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v seat_v every_o where_n corroborate_v the_o vital_a spirit_n of_o traffic_n direct_v and_o control_v by_o just_a proportion_n the_o price_n and_o value_n of_o commodity_n and_o money_n for_o even_o as_o merchant_n be_v the_o instrumental_a cause_n of_o trade_n even_o so_o be_v the_o exchange_n for_o money_n the_o efficient_a cause_n with_o we_o in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n and_o become_v predominant_a or_o overrule_a the_o price_n of_o commodity_n and_o money_n as_o aforesaid_a this_o be_v manifest_v by_o three_o paradox_n allude_v to_o the_o say_v three_o essential_a part_n of_o commerce_n which_o for_o a_o corrollarie_n i_o have_v add_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o book_n with_o such_o other_o worthy_a observation_n as_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n be_v declare_v and_o even_o as_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n so_o be_v the_o body_n of_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la make_v and_o frame_v of_o the_o merchant_n custom_n and_o the_o sea-lawe_n which_o be_v involue_v together_o as_o the_o sea_n and_o earth_n in_o the_o description_n whereof_o i_o have_v use_v to_o make_v repetition_n of_o the_o material_a point_n according_a as_o occasion_n do_v minister_v unto_o i_o for_o to_o make_v application_n thereof_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o judicious_a reader_n which_o be_v the_o main_a scope_n that_o all_o writer_n be_v to_o regard_n and_o care_n for_o the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o difference_n and_o controversy_n happen_v between_o merchant_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n be_v end_v be_v also_o declare_v which_o most_o of_o all_o require_v brevity_n and_o expedition_n and_o have_v need_n of_o a_o peremptory_a proceed_n as_o be_v invent_v for_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n the_o due_a commendation_n whereof_o be_v add_v hereunto_o show_v also_o how_o of_o the_o same_o there_o may_v be_v make_v a_o art_n or_o science_n and_o what_o observation_n of_o other_o law_n be_v concur_v with_o we_o both_o in_o the_o strictness_n of_o law_n and_o the_o lenity_n of_o equity_n most_o consonant_a with_o the_o law-merchant_n the_o knowledge_n whereof_o be_v of_o so_o great_a consequence_n that_o without_o it_o all_o temporal_a law_n be_v not_o complete_a but_o imperfect_a the_o scope_n of_o all_o therefore_o be_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o equality_n and_o equity_n may_v take_v place_n between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n which_o velut_fw-la ariadnae_n caecaregens_fw-la filo_fw-la vestigia_fw-la non_fw-la modo_fw-la nos_fw-la errare_fw-la non_fw-la sinit_fw-la feed_v etiam_fw-la efficit_fw-la ut_fw-la aberrantes_fw-la in_o rectam_fw-la viam_fw-la deducamur_fw-la as_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o our_o last_o treatise_n of_o the_o maintenance_n of_o free_a trade_n late_o publish_v conclude_v gentle_a reader_n upon_o all_o the_o premise_n handle_v as_o i_o hope_v substantial_o i_o commend_v and_o submit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o love_a entertainment_n of_o the_o profound_a and_o discern_a judgement_n of_o the_o discreet_a wise_a and_o experience_v wish_v that_o like_a matter_n set_v down_o by_o the_o pen_n of_o apollo_n they_o may_v sound_v sweet_o in_o your_o apprehension_n and_o give_v to_o your_o conceit_n most_o harmonious_a music_n pleasure_n and_o delight_n london_n the_o 25_o of_o november_n 1622._o thou_o to_o use_v always_o ready_a gerard_n malynes_n a_o table_n of_o the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la or_o the_o ancient_a law-merchant_n concern_v commodity_n compare_v to_o the_o body_n of_o traffic_n chapter_n pag._n 1_o a_o induction_n to_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la or_o the_o law-merchant_n and_o the_o antiquity_n thereof_o 1_o 2_o a_o observation_n concern_v time_n 8_o 3_o of_o number_n and_o the_o mystery_n thereof_o 17_o 4_o of_o weight_n and_o measure_n use_v in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o world_n with_o other_o observation_n 19_o 5_o of_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n of_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n 58_o 6_o a_o geometrical_a description_n of_o the_o world_n especial_o of_o europe_n measure_v by_o million_o of_o acre_n of_o ground_n upon_o the_o map_n 66_o 7_o of_o the_o commodity_n of_o all_o country_n whereby_o commerce_n be_v maintain_v 70_o 8_o of_o commutation_n or_o barter_n of_o commodity_n 83_o 9_o of_o ordinary_a buy_n and_o selling_n of_o commodity_n 91_o 10_o of_o suretyship_n and_o merchant_n promise_n 93_o 11_o of_o the_o revolution_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n 95_o 12_o of_o the_o transfer_v and_o set_v over_o of_o bill_n obligatorie_n between_o merchant_n and_o other_o 98_o 13_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o bill_n obligatorie_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o england_n 101_o 14_o of_o letter_n of_o credit_n and_o blank_n sign_v 104_o 15_o of_o letter_n of_o attorney_n or_o procuration_n and_o transport_v and_o conveyance_n 106_o 16_o of_o factor_n and_o servant_n and_o commission_n give_v unto_o they_o 111_o 17_o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o sea_n law_n 119_o 18_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v in_o seafaring_a cause_n 121_o 19_o of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n by_o contract_n 122_o 20_o of_o bank_n and_o banker_n 131_o 21_o of_o the_o freight_a of_o ship_n charterparty_n and_o bill_n of_o lade_n 134_o 22_o of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n his_o power_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o master_n to_o the_o merchant_n 142_o 23_o of_o the_o duty_n and_o privilege_n of_o marinors_n 144_o 24_o of_o the_o office_n of_o assurance_n and_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o same_o 146_o 25_o of_o policy_n of_o assurance_n and_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o and_o of_o contribution_n 150_o 26_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o contribution_n or_o aueridge_n 157_o 27_o of_o the_o particular_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o assurance_n 159_o 28_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v for_o assurance_n in_o case_n of_o loss_n 161_o 29_o of_o shipwreck_n and_o thing_n find_v upon_o the_o sea_n 167_o 30_o of_o partner_n and_o ship_n voyage_n 169_o 31_o of_o money_n take_v upon_o bottomarie_a by_o the_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n call_v foenus_fw-la nauticum_fw-la 171_o 32_o of_o ship_n and_o navigation_n 173_o 33_o a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o imperial_a sea_n law_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1614_o 175_o 34_o of_o navigation_n and_o community_n of_o the_o sea_n 182_o 35_o of_o the_o distinct_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n 185_o 36_o of_o custom_n subsidy_n and_o imposition_n pay_v upon_o commodity_n 193_o 37_o of_o merchant_n wager_n stipulation_n or_o convention_n 197_o 38_o of_o merchant_n mark_n set_v upon_o commodity_n 199_o 39_o of_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n by_o broker_n and_o by_o the_o candle_n 201_o 40_o of_o buy_v of_o commodity_n by_o condition_n term_v capiticus_n and_o sell_v thing_n upon_o casualty_n 203_o 41_o of_o divide_v of_o commodity_n by_o lot_n 205_o 42_o of_o assotiation_n monopoly_n engrossing_n and_o forestallings_n 210_o 43_o of_o merchant_n oppignoration_n 218_o 44_o of_o the_o proceed_n use_v against_o bankrupt_n 221_o 45_o of_o manufacture_n 229_o 46_o of_o
credit_n which_o they_o have_v obtain_v in_o general_n the_o money_n then_o remain_v in_o the_o banker_n hand_n be_v employ_v by_o they_o to_o other_o use_n and_o purpose_n first_o they_o do_v deal_v with_o great_a prince_n and_o potentate_n trade_n the_o banker_n trade_n that_o have_v need_n of_o money_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o war_n as_o the_o genevoise_n and_o german_n do_v with_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o during_o the_o war_n in_o germany_n and_o as_o the_o florentine_n and_o other_o have_v do_v with_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o also_o with_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o three_o late_a reign_v cause_v he_o to_o pay_v 20_o 25_o 30_o and_o more_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o way_n of_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v suppose_v to_o happen_v accidental_o second_o they_o engross_v thereby_o diverse_a commodity_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o last_o they_o carry_v thereby_o a_o predominance_n in_o rule_v the_o course_n of_o exchange_n for_o all_o place_n where_o it_o please_v they_o by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o countermine_v they_o have_v in_o the_o year_n 1608_o also_o erect_v a_o very_a great_a bank_n amsterdam_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o bank_n at_o amsterdam_n for_o the_o which_o the_o say_a city_n have_v undertake_v to_o answer_v whereby_o they_o be_v always_o store_v with_o money_n as_o appeareth_z that_o the_o same_o be_v plentiful_o to_o be_v have_v at_o interest_n at_o six_o and_o seven_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n and_o some_o at_o five_o and_o under_o this_o custom_n be_v now_o so_o settle_v there_o that_o it_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o any_o law_n of_o the_o break_n of_o some_o of_o these_o bank_n bankrupt_a bankrupt_a be_v the_o name_n bankrupt_a derive_v for_o when_o prince_n do_v not_o accomplish_v with_o they_o than_o they_o can_v hold_v out_o unless_o they_o have_v great_a estate_n of_o their_o own_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1596_o be_v constrain_v to_o give_v facultad_v real_a that_o be_v to_o say_v protection_n a_o faculty_n royal_a or_o protection_n a_o power_n or_o faculty_n royal_a or_o a_o protection_n unto_o the_o bank_n of_o madrill_n and_o all_o their_o associate_n for_o four_o year_n command_v that_o all_o those_o that_o have_v deal_v with_o they_o in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n interest_n contract_n letter_n of_o credit_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n public_o or_o secret_n and_o with_o all_o their_o know_a or_o unknown_a partner_n shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v any_o money_n to_o their_o creditor_n until_o the_o year_n 1600_o but_o in_o the_o interim_n they_o shall_v at_o every_o 6_o month_n receive_v interest_n for_o their_o money_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o seven_o pro_fw-la centum_fw-la for_o the_o year_n and_o if_o any_o man_n can_v not_o forbear_v his_o money_n he_o be_v to_o deliver_v the_o four_o part_n more_o in_o ready_a money_n and_o so_o account_v together_o with_o the_o interest_n due_a at_o seven_o upon_o the_o hundred_o the_o two_o three_o of_o all_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v he_o and_o the_o other_o three_o be_v to_o continue_v during_o his_o life_n with_o allowance_n of_o the_o say_a interest_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n arragon_n portugal_n and_o the_o low-countries_n as_o also_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n sicilia_n and_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o final_o in_o all_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n under_o he_o for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n and_o in_o all_o his_o warlike_a force_n by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n this_o do_v bring_v the_o bank_n in_o great_a discredit_n and_o the_o west-india_n trade_n be_v much_o interrupt_v by_o it_o and_o so_o continue_v during_o the_o say_a king_n his_o life_n time_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n money_n have_v not_o be_v plentiful_a in_o spain_n insomuch_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1608_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o three_o do_v give_v the_o like_a faculty_n royal_a to_o all_o man_n that_o be_v to_o pay_v money_n at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o west-indies_n fleet_n for_o one_o year_n pay_v but_o 3_o pro_fw-la cent_n to_o their_o creditor_n for_o the_o forbearance_n cahp._n xxi_o of_o the_o freight_a of_o ship_n charterparty_n and_o bill_n of_o lade_n hitherto_o we_o have_v be_v buy_v and_o deal_n in_o commodity_n and_o now_o it_o will_v be_v time_n to_o advance_v our_o commerce_n or_o traffic_n and_o to_o freight_v ship_n for_o the_o purpose_n to_o transport_v over_o commodity_n no_o ship_n shall_v be_v freight_v without_o a_o charterpartie_n mean_v a_o charter_n or_o covenant_n between_o two_o party_n the_o master_n and_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o bill_n of_o lade_n do_v declare_v what_o good_n be_v lade_v lade_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o bind_v the_o master_n to_o deliver_v they_o well_o condition_v to_o the_o place_n of_o discharge_n according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o charterpartie_n bind_v himself_o his_o ship_n tackle_n and_o furniture_n of_o it_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o of_o these_o bill_n of_o lade_n there_o be_v common_o three_o bill_n of_o one_o tenor_n make_v of_o the_o whole_a ship_n lade_v or_o of_o many_o particular_a parcel_n of_o good_n if_o there_o be_v many_o lader_n and_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o good_n must_v therein_o be_v express_v and_o of_o who_o receive_v and_o to_o who_o to_o be_v deliver_v these_o bill_n of_o lade_n be_v common_o to_o be_v have_v in_o print_n in_o all_o place_n and_o in_o several_a language_n one_o of_o they_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o letter_n write_v by_o the_o same_o ship_n another_o bill_n be_v send_v over_o land_n to_o the_o factor_n or_o party_n to_o who_o the_o good_n be_v consign_v the_o three_o remain_v with_o the_o merchant_n for_o his_o testimony_n against_o the_o master_n if_o there_o be_v any_o occasion_n or_o loose_a deal_n but_o especial_o it_o be_v keep_v for_o to_o serve_v in_o case_n of_o loss_n to_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o assuror_n that_o have_v undertake_v to_o bear_v the_o adventure_n with_o you_o whereof_o we_o shall_v entreat_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n the_o person_n that_o be_v in_o a_o ship_n may_v be_v thus_o in_o order_n which_o although_o they_o differ_v in_o name_n in_o many_o language_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o one_o in_o effect_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o pilot_n the_o master_n mate_n the_o shipwright_n or_o carpenter_n the_o boatman_n the_o purser_n the_o chirurgeon_n the_o cook_n and_o the_o ship_n boy_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v under_o the_o name_n mariner_n all_o these_o be_v distinguish_v in_o hire_n and_o fee_n in_o all_o country_n the_o master_n therefore_o do_v covenant_n by_o the_o charter-partie_n charter-party_n charter-party_n to_o find_v a_o sufficient_a pilot_n and_o all_o other_o the_o foresay_a officer_n and_o martiner_n and_o to_o provide_v shiptycht_v mast_n sail_n rope_n tewes_n anchor_n shipboat_n with_o fire_n water_n salt_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a at_o his_o own_o expense_n and_o this_o charter-partie_n so_o make_v on_o the_o master_n part_n do_v common_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v and_o all_o thing_n therein_o contain_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n according_a to_o which_o law_n oleron_n law_n of_o oleron_n if_o there_o be_v no_o writing_n make_v and_o but_o a_o earnest_n give_v than_o the_o merchant_n if_o he_o repent_v lose_v his_o earnest_n but_o the_o master_n if_o he_o repent_v lose_v the_o double_a of_o the_o earnest_n again_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o ready_a at_o the_o day_n appoint_v in_o the_o charter-partie_n to_o go_v to_o sea_n the_o merchant_n may_v not_o only_o free_v himself_o of_o she_o except_o he_o hold_v his_o peace_n and_o discharge_v she_o not_o for_o then_o by_o his_o silence_n he_o seem_v to_o consent_v videtur_fw-la qui_fw-la tacet_fw-la consentive_a videtur_fw-la but_o also_o shall_v recover_v charge_n interest_n and_o damage_n except_o the_o master_n show_v some_o excuse_n of_o some_o pregnant_a occasion_n or_o mischance_n which_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v and_o then_o he_o lose_v only_o his_o freight_n because_o he_o have_v not_o deserve_v it_o but_o if_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o merchant_n he_o shall_v pay_v the_o master_n his_o damage_n or_o according_a to_o the_o rhodian_a law_n law_n rhodian_a law_n shall_v entertain_v the_o ship_n and_o company_n ten_o day_n and_o if_o then_o he_o stay_v long_a shall_v pay_v the_o freight_n of_o all_o according_o and_o further_o shall_v answer_v for_o all_o hurt_n and_o damage_n happen_v by_o fire_n water_n or_o otherwise_o after_o the_o time_n appoint_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o rhodian_a law_n charge_v the_o merchant_n in_o this_o case_n but_o with_o half_a the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n with_o the_o whole_a freight_n if_o he_o fail_v
the_o light_a because_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n that_o good_n be_v liable_a only_o to_o contribution_n when_o ship_n and_o good_n come_v safe_a to_o the_o port._n item_n contribution_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o pilot_n fee_n pilot_n contribution_n for_o pilot_n that_o have_v bring_v the_o ship_n into_o a_o unknown_a port_n for_o her_o safeguard_n as_o also_o to_o raise_v she_o off_o ground_n when_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o the_o master_n so_o be_v it_o when_o two_o ship_n rush_v and_o cross_v one_o over_o another_o and_o the_o company_n swear_v that_o it_o lay_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o stay_v the_o same_o contribution_n must_v be_v make_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o both_o their_o loss_n but_o not_o so_o if_o one_o of_o they_o perish_v for_o which_o a_o action_n may_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o negligent_a master_n or_o mariner_n who_o do_v make_v she_o loose_v and_o therefore_o if_o such_o a_o chance_n do_v happen_v in_o the_o day_n time_n by_o a_o ship_n under_o sail_n against_o a_o ship_n ride_v at_o anchor_n then_o the_o master_n of_o that_o sail_a ship_n shall_v make_v good_a the_o damage_n and_o hurt_v of_o the_o other_o to_o the_o uttermost_a and_o the_o like_a shall_v be_v do_v if_o in_o the_o night_n the_o ride_a ship_n do_v put_v forth_o fire_n and_o light_n or_o make_v any_o cry_v to_o forewarn_v the_o other_o it_o also_o appertain_v to_o this_o argument_n if_o some_o sort_n of_o good_n as_o salt_n or_o corn_n be_v lay_v on_o heap_n by_o diverse_a partner_n in_o one_o ship_n without_o distinction_n and_o that_o the_o master_n deliver_v to_o any_o of_o they_o their_o due_a measure_n and_o before_o the_o rest_n receive_v their_o measure_n the_o remain_a salt_n or_o corn_n wash_v or_o lose_v he_o that_o have_v the_o hap_n to_o be_v first_o serve_v enjoy_v it_o full_o without_o any_o contribution_n to_o the_o partner_n serve_v first_o come_v first_o serve_v because_o when_o these_o good_n be_v put_v into_o the_o ship_n it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o master_n tanquam_fw-la in_o creditum_fw-la and_o so_o he_o be_v become_v owner_n as_o of_o money_n lend_v which_o man_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o redeliver_v in_o the_o self_n same_o piece_n but_o in_o value_n or_o such_o like_a coin_n except_o there_o be_v some_o condition_n pass_v to_o the_o contrary_n and_o albeit_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v impute_v unto_o the_o master_n as_o a_o fault_n yet_o if_o he_o that_o receive_v a_o loss_n thereby_o will_v bring_v in_o this_o as_o a_o aueridge_n and_o charge_v the_o assuror_n with_o contribution_n it_o be_v unjust_a for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o master_n must_v of_o necessity_n deliver_v to_o one_o man_n before_o another_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n we_o will_v set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o execution_n for_o contribution_n otherwise_o call_v aueridge_n concern_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n of_o letter_n of_o mart_n mart._n letter_n of_o mart._n or_o contremart_n sive_fw-la ius_fw-la reprisaliarum_fw-la or_o letter_n of_o marque_n every_o one_o know_v that_o man_n have_v these_o commission_n or_o letter_n from_o their_o prince_n be_v very_o vigilant_a in_o all_o place_n to_o surprise_v merchant_n ship_n and_o good_n for_o in_o this_o one_o extremity_n do_v enforce_v another_o extremity_n when_o a_o man_n be_v oppress_v with_o robbery_n spoil_n and_o violence_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o man_n false_o profess_v friend_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o no_o petition_n intercession_n or_o travel_n can_v procure_v a_o man_n right_a but_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o one_o prince_n have_v open_a denial_n of_o justice_n or_o restitution_n of_o good_n can_v be_v have_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_n of_o another_o prince_n nor_o of_o the_o prince_n himself_o who_o shall_v suppress_v injury_n and_o wrong_n then_o because_o such_o unjust_a deal_n do_v import_v just_a cause_n of_o hostility_n and_o warfare_n may_v these_o letter_n of_o mart_n be_v procure_v to_o the_o end_n man_n may_v have_v restitution_n or_o recompense_n of_o their_o loss_n especial_o because_o these_o proceed_n seem_v to_o denounce_v a_o war_n without_o any_o proclamation_n show_v unto_o other_o nation_n the_o like_a distasteful_a favour_n as_o they_o show_v unto_o we_o which_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v do_v by_o custom_n reason_n and_o also_o by_o statute_n law_n in_o scotland_n and_o afterward_o in_o england_n the_o assuror_n therefore_o can_v be_v favour_v herein_o prince_n detainment_n of_o prince_n the_o next_o be_v arrest_n restraint_n and_o detainement_n of_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o of_o all_o other_o person_n happen_v both_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n commit_v by_o the_o public_a authority_n of_o prince_n as_o also_o by_o private_a person_n both_o way_n dangerous_a ship_n privilege_a ship_n there_o be_v in_o all_o country_n privilege_a ship_n and_o boat_n serve_v the_o country_n or_o the_o prince_n which_o have_v great_a prerogative_n and_o be_v free_a of_o impost_n and_o custom_n and_o not_o subject_a to_o arrest_n therefore_o the_o assuror_n be_v not_o to_o care_v for_o they_o for_o they_o be_v to_o serve_v the_o prince_n and_o all_o ship_n be_v subject_a to_o this_o service_n upon_o command_n and_o if_o they_o refuse_v their_o ship_n be_v forfeit_v by_o the_o sea-lawe_n therefore_o in_o these_o case_n the_o favour_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v always_o require_v it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a matter_n in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n to_o make_v a_o embargo_fw-mi upon_o all_o ship_n at_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o west-india_n fleet_n or_o the_o carracke_n for_o the_o east-indies_n and_o many_o time_n upon_o other_o occasion_n whereby_o merchant_n ship_n be_v lade_v be_v much_o hinder_v especial_o if_o it_o be_v with_o wine_n oil_n raisin_n and_o such_o like_a perishable_a ware_n now_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o good_n shall_v think_v that_o his_o ware_n do_v perish_v lie_v two_o or_o three_o month_n lade_v or_o if_o it_o be_v corn_n that_o may_v become_v hot_a and_o spoil_v he_o may_v renounce_v these_o good_n or_o ware_n to_o the_o assuror_n and_o thereby_o bring_v a_o great_a loss_n upon_o they_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o abandon_v the_o good_n for_o by_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n it_o be_v always_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n of_o any_o misfortune_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o assurance_n a_o proviso_n in_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n his_o factor_n or_o assign_n or_o his_o servant_n or_o any_o of_o they_o to_o sue_v labour_n and_o travel_v for_o in_o and_o about_o the_o defence_n safeguard_n or_o recovery_n of_o the_o good_n and_o any_o part_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o assuror_n shall_v contribute_v each_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o sum_n by_o he_o assure_v so_o that_o albeit_o that_o it_o do_v fall_v out_o that_o the_o good_n be_v not_o utter_o lose_v when_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o the_o assure_a must_v recover_v his_o whole_a money_n because_o he_o have_v authority_n by_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n to_o recover_v they_o or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o as_o aforesaid_a and_o he_o be_v afterward_o to_o yield_v a_o account_n thereof_o for_o so_o much_o as_o do_v concern_v every_o man_n ratable_o otherwise_o the_o assure_v shall_v be_v discourage_v if_o by_o those_o mean_n he_o shall_v make_v his_o assurance_n intricate_a and_o subject_a to_o all_o cavilation_n and_o to_o the_o interruption_n of_o so_o necessary_a and_o laudable_a a_o custom_n as_o the_o matter_n of_o assurance_n be_v therefore_o as_o in_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n we_o have_v a_o care_n for_o the_o assuror_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v deceive_v by_o those_o that_o cause_n assurance_n to_o be_v make_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o will_v avoid_v to_o minister_v any_o occasion_n whereupon_o they_o may_v become_v quarrelsome_a but_o that_o all_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o commissioner_n determination_n who_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o best_o able_a to_o examine_v the_o premise_n now_o concern_v the_o arrest_n of_o particular_a person_n ship_n arrest_n upon_o ship_n upon_o ship_n or_o good_n the_o assure_a can_v make_v no_o renunciation_n to_o charge_v the_o assuror_n with_o any_o loss_n either_o in_o the_o total_a or_o part_n because_o upon_o caution_n give_v to_o answer_v the_o law_n the_o ship_n or_o good_n arrest_v be_v instant_o clear_v in_o all_o place_n either_o here_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n where_o the_o arrest_n be_v make_v wherein_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o all_o court_n for_o seafaring_a cause_n be_v very_o careful_a to_o see_v expedition_n use_v barratrie_fw-fr of_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n can_v hardly_o be_v avoid_v master_n barratrie_fw-fr of_o the_o master_n but_o by_o a_o provident_a care_n to_o know_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o the_o master_n
the_o sea_n be_v adjoin_v and_o in_o propriety_n to_o be_v esteem_v according_o take_v their_o name_n of_o the_o country_n and_o kingdom_n adjacent_a or_o of_o their_o situation_n as_o mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la mare_fw-la germanicum_n mare_n hibernicum_n and_o for_o situation_n mare_fw-la mediterraneum_fw-la observe_v by_o cosmographer_n historiographer_n and_o mathematician_n this_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o compass_n count_v of_o course_n sounding_n colour_n of_o the_o gravel_n or_o sand_n and_o other_o way_n to_o design_n finitum_fw-la ab_fw-la '_o infinito_o law_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o far_o as_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o certain_a reach_n and_o bound_n of_o sea_n proper_o apppertain_v to_o any_o prince_n or_o people_n wherein_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v record_v excellent_a observation_n custom_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o custom_n baldus_n say_v vidimus_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la in_fw-la mare_fw-la esse_fw-la regna_fw-la distincta_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la auda_fw-la iâ—sula_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la 1._o the_o ter_z divisione_n in_o §._o nullius_fw-la in_o tratt_v de_fw-fr iâ—sula_fw-la bartolas_n do_v in_o his_o opinion_n allow_v for_o prince_n and_o people_n at_o the_o seaside_n centum_fw-la mitliaria_fw-la which_o be_v one_o hundred_o league_n of_o sea_n from_o their_o coast_n if_o they_o extend_v their_o protection_n so_o far_o call_v by_o they_o districtus_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o territorium_fw-la which_o be_v most_o plain_a in_o those_o sea_n where_o the_o isle_n of_o garnesey_n and_o jarnesey_n be_v so_o sensible_a and_o visible_a to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n dominion_n visible_a mark_v of_o dominion_n or_o where_o there_o be_v such_o rock_n or_o eminent_a mark_n as_o the_o washes_n at_o the_o west_n sea_n thereof_o to_o which_o purpose_n paulus_n a_o renown_a civilian_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a for_o he_o who_o will_v possess_v himself_o of_o any_o land_n to_o go_v about_o and_o tread_v over_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o enter_v in_o upon_o any_o part_n thereof_o with_o a_o mind_n to_o possess_v all_o the_o rest_n thereof_o even_o to_o the_o due_a march_n to_o be_v make_v apparent_a by_o the_o instrument_n of_o geometrician_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v design_v upon_o the_o sea_n notwithstanding_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o continual_a flow_v too_o and_o fro_o of_o the_o other_o this_o distinction_n of_o dominion_n have_v continue_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n need_v not_o to_o be_v corroborate_v with_o other_o proof_n and_o argument_n yet_o let_v we_o note_v obiter_fw-la that_o if_o the_o same_o be_v not_o distinguish_v as_o aforesaid_a admiralty_n case_n of_o civil_a law_n or_o admiralty_n one_o bear_v upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v have_v no_o country_n or_o nation_n to_o appeal_v unto_o and_o a_o man_n die_v intestate_a upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v minister_v occasion_n of_o question_n to_o know_v who_o shall_v administer_v his_o good_n and_o make_v of_o a_o will_n how_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v prove_v and_o execute_v by_o law_n without_o approbation_n of_o some_o court_n or_o jurisdiction_n whereas_o we_o find_v many_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o their_o several_a jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o sea_n as_o deputy_n to_o their_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o be_v always_o absolute_a commander_n in_o their_o precinct_n according_a to_o the_o treaty_n and_o contract_n make_v between_o prince_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o law_n and_o inseparable_a of_o the_o say_a prince_n right_a on_o the_o land_n concern_v the_o possession_n of_o their_o kingdom_n or_o commonweal_n as_o the_o fundamental_a cause_n of_o their_o dominion_n wherein_o discontinuance_n of_o any_o part_n of_o their_o right_n can_v be_v plead_v against_o they_o the_o king_n of_o england_n nevertheless_o have_v be_v provident_a and_o careful_a herein_o for_o historiographer_n have_v record_v that_o king_n edgar_n one_o of_o the_o saxon_a king_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n make_v a_o survey_n yearly_a of_o the_o four_o great_a sea_n westm._n matthew_n of_o westm._n and_o style_v himself_o lord_n thereof_o even_o until_o norway_n cestriensis_fw-la ranulph_n cestriensis_fw-la and_o his_o progress_n be_v most_o towards_o the_o north._n it_o be_v also_o affirm_v 973._o anno_fw-la 973._o that_o the_o say_a king_n edgar_n cause_v a_o inscription_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o his_o tomb_n for_o a_o monument_n call_v himself_o dominus_fw-la quatuor_fw-la marea_n and_o as_o papinian_n the_o jurisconsult_a say_v in_o finalibus_fw-la questionibus_fw-la vete_fw-la ra_fw-mi monumenta_fw-la sequenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la britannicum_fw-la mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la but_o this_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n over_o their_o sea_n hibernicum_n mare_fw-la hibernicum_n be_v not_o needful_a for_o afterward_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n after_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o conquest_n germanicum_n mare_fw-la germanicum_n cause_v himself_o not_o only_o to_o be_v proclaim_v king_n deucalidon_n mare_fw-la deucalidon_n but_o also_o that_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v he_o and_o so_o cause_v the_o land_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o yet_o be_v content_v to_o change_v the_o title_n of_o a_o monarchy_n by_o conquest_n into_o a_o monarchy_n royal_a and_o be_v also_o lord_n of_o the_o say_v four_o sea_n resp._n io_o bodinus_fw-la de_fw-fr resp._n by_o the_o former_a assumpsit_fw-la which_o have_v then_o continue_v 200_o year_n and_o his_o progress_n by_o sea_n be_v most_o westward_o for_o when_o prince_n or_o king_n do_v style_v themselves_o by_o proclamation_n than_o the_o continuance_n thereof_o without_o opposition_n of_o other_o prince_n be_v hold_v and_o observe_v as_o inviolable_a and_o permanent_a now_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o succeed_a william_n the_o conqueror_n chronicle_n graftons_n chronicle_n within_o one_o hundred_o year_n do_v join_v ireland_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o do_v reduce_v normandy_n and_o other_o place_n in_o france_n to_o the_o crown_n take_v as_o it_o be_v a_o new_a possession_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o henry_n the_o first_o every_o year_n or_o within_o three_o year_n at_o the_o further_a cross_v over_o into_o normandy_n have_v take_v robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n prisoner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o malmesbuâ—e_n chro._n malmesbuâ—e_n there_o be_v a_o disputation_n hold_v with_o france_n concern_v the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n about_o britain_n in_o which_o it_o be_v prove_v to_o belong_v to_o england_n hayward_n joh._n hayward_n and_o thereupon_o france_n disclaim_v therein_o etc._n by_o ancient_a record_n and_o treaty_n etc._n etc._n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o proclamation_n yet_o extant_a which_o argument_n and_o contract_n be_v as_o a_o law_n effectual_a and_o here_o i_o must_v remember_v the_o singular_a care_n which_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n doctor_n abbot_n now_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n canturburie_n a_o rare_a book_n remoin_v with_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o england_n have_v have_v in_o procure_v at_o his_o great_a charge_n for_o the_o good_a of_o our_o posterity_n a_o excellent_a great_a volume_n or_o manuscript_n which_o be_v heretofore_o take_v at_o calais_n in_o france_n when_o the_o spaniard_n take_v the_o same_o anno_fw-la 1596_o and_o carry_v to_o brussels_n in_o the_o low-countries_n whereof_o i_o have_v have_v the_o perusal_n and_o make_v a_o abstract_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o viz._n the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o edward_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n and_o john_n king_n of_o france_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o elder_a son_n namely_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n of_o wales_n and_z charles_n duke_n of_o normandy_n regent_n the_o french_a king_n his_o father_n be_v prisoner_n to_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n which_o treaty_n be_v make_v the_o eight_o of_o may_v 1360_o in_o brittany_n near_o chartres_n and_o confirm_v at_o calais_n whereupon_o sixteen_o hostage_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v to_o come_v thither_o in_o person_n and_o to_o pay_v three_o million_o of_o crown_n for_o his_o ransom_n of_o two_o crown_n to_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o english_a noble_a call_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o time_n angel_n noble_a be_v some_o 750000_o 〈◊〉_d sterling_a france_n the_o ransom_n of_o king_n john_n of_o france_n the_o ship_n whereof_o upon_o the_o one_o side_n do_v signify_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n whereunto_o old_a chaucer_n the_o poet_n do_v allude_v in_o henry_n the_o five_o his_o time_n this_o money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o weet_v six_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n at_o calais_n within_o 4_o month_n after_o king_n johns_n arrival_n there_o more_fw-mi four_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n within_o the_o year_n and_o so_o much_o yearly_a until_o the_o full_a payment_n make_v
have_v be_v content_v since_o our_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o tolerate_v a_o indifferent_a and_o promiscuous_a kind_n of_o liberty_n to_o all_o our_o friend_n whatsoever_o to_o fish_n upon_o our_o stream_n and_o upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o other_o adjacent_a island_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o permission_n or_o use_n thereof_o may_v not_o redound_v to_o the_o impeachment_n of_o our_o prerogative_n royal_a nor_o to_o the_o hurt_n and_o damage_n of_o our_o love_a subject_n who_o preservation_n and_o flourish_a estate_n we_o hold_v ourselves_o principal_o bind_v to_o advance_v before_o all_o worldly_a respect_n so_o find_v that_o our_o conivence_n therein_o have_v not_o only_o give_v occasion_n of_o over_o great_a encroachment_n upon_o our_o regality_n or_o rather_o question_v of_o our_o right_n but_o have_v be_v a_o mean_n of_o much_o daily_a wrong_n to_o our_o own_o people_n that_o exercise_n the_o trade_n of_o fish_v as_o either_o by_o the_o multitude_n of_o stranger_n which_o do_v preoccupy_v those_o place_n or_o by_o the_o injury_n which_o they_o receive_v most_o common_o at_o their_o hand_n our_o subject_n be_v constrain_v to_o abandon_v their_o fish_n or_o at_o the_o least_o become_v so_o discourage_v in_o the_o same_o as_o they_o hold_v it_o better_o for_o they_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o some_o other_o course_n of_o live_v whereby_o not_o only_o diverse_a of_o our_o coast_n town_n be_v much_o decay_v but_o the_o number_n of_o mariner_n daily_o diminish_v which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n to_o our_o estate_n consider_v how_o much_o the_o strength_n thereof_o consist_v in_o the_o power_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o use_n of_o navigation_n we_o have_v think_v it_o now_o both_o just_a and_o necessary_a in_o respect_n that_o we_o be_v now_o by_o god_n favour_n lineal_o and_o lawful_o possess_v as_o well_o of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n as_o of_o ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a to_o bethink_v ourselves_o of_o good_a and_o lawful_a mean_n to_o prevent_v those_o inconvenience_n and_o many_o other_o depend_v upon_o the_o same_o in_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o as_o we_o be_v desirous_a that_o the_o world_n may_v take_v notice_n that_o we_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o deny_v our_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n those_o fruit_n and_o benefit_n of_o peace_n and_o friendship_n which_o may_v be_v just_o expect_v at_o our_o hand_n in_o honour_n and_o reason_n or_o be_v afford_v by_o other_o prince_n mutual_o in_o the_o point_n of_o commerce_n and_o exchange_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v not_o prove_v prejudicial_a to_o they_o so_o because_o some_o such_o convenient_a order_n may_v be_v take_v in_o this_o matter_n as_o may_v sufficient_o provide_v for_o all_o these_o important_a consideration_n which_o do_v depend_v thereupon_o we_o have_v resolve_v first_o to_o give_v notice_n to_o all_o the_o world_n that_o our_o express_a pleasure_n be_v that_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o month_n of_o august_n next_o come_v no_o person_n of_o what_o nation_n or_o quality_n soever_o be_v not_o our_o natural_a bear_v subject_n be_v permit_v to_o fish_v upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a where_o most_o usual_o heretofore_o any_o fish_n have_v be_v until_o they_o have_v orderly_o demand_v and_o obtain_v licence_n from_o we_o or_o such_o our_o commissioner_n as_o we_o have_v authorise_v in_o that_o behalf_n viz._n at_o london_n for_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n and_o at_o edinburgh_n for_o our_o realm_n of_o scotland_n which_o licence_n our_o intention_n be_v shall_v be_v yearly_a demand_v for_o so_o many_o vessel_n and_o ship_n and_o the_o tonnage_n thereof_o as_o shall_v intend_v to_o fish_v for_o that_o whole_a year_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n as_o aforesaid_a upon_o pain_n of_o such_o chastisement_n as_o shall_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o wilful_a offender_n give_v at_o our_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o six_o of_o may_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1609._o by_o this_o proclamation_n be_v his_o majesty_n right_a and_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n express_v in_o two_o word_n by_o lineal_a and_o lawful_a possession_n of_o a_o hereditary_a kingdom_n or_o kingdom_n whereunto_o those_o sea_n be_v join_v and_o appertain_v it_o be_v not_o a_o dominion_n obtain_v by_o a_o elective_a kingdom_n as_o poland_n hungary_n and_o other_o neither_o be_v it_o have_v by_o any_o first_o discovery_n wherein_o the_o pope_n must_v be_v a_o mediator_n as_o alexander_n the_o six_o be_v between_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n upon_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n by_o draw_v a_o line_n upon_o the_o globe_n from_o the_o island_n of_o the_o canary_n to_o make_v the_o division_n between_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o like_v to_o the_o whale_n fish_v in_o greeneland_n where_o some_o upon_o their_o discovery_n take_v neither_o possession_n much_o less_o have_v any_o occupation_n which_o make_v the_o strong_a right_o neither_o be_v it_o by_o gift_n or_o purchase_n as_o some_o italian_a prince_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n which_o do_v nevertheless_o enjoy_v both_o freedom_n and_o benefit_n thereby_o but_o it_o be_v undoubted_a and_o indisputable_a as_o aforesaid_a to_o conclude_v this_o argument_n sea_n the_o best_a mark_n of_o distinct_a dominion_n upon_o the_o sea_n the_o distinct_a dominion_n of_o a_o border_a prince_n upon_o the_o sea_n be_v best_a see_v by_o the_o tribute_n or_o tax_n which_o he_o take_v upon_o fish_v ship_n whereof_o we_o have_v many_o precedent_n in_o russia_n many_o league_n from_o the_o main_n fisherman_n do_v pay_v great_a tax_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n and_o in_o most_o place_n none_o but_o his_o subject_n be_v permit_v to_o fish_n and_o the_o hollander_n do_v give_v he_o the_o ten_o fish_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n take_v great_a tribute_n both_o at_o wardhouse_n and_o the_o sound_n the_o king_n of_o sweathen_a have_v do_v the_o like_a which_o be_v now_o continue_v by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n for_o norway_n the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n take_v for_o tunyne_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o of_o england_n take_v six_o penny_n for_o every_o tun_n in_o his_o time_n which_o by_o inhaunce_v of_o the_o money_n be_v now_o 18_o penny_n all_o the_o border_a prince_n of_o italy_n do_v take_v tribute_n of_o the_o fish_n take_v within_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o their_o several_a territory_n in_o lappia_n fisherman_n do_v pay_v money_n in_o the_o sound_n for_o passage_n to_o fetch_v it_o over_o and_o above_o the_o ten_o fish_n the_o earl_n of_o orkney_n take_v the_o ten_o fish_n for_o the_o isle_n of_o orcades_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o fisherman_n do_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n for_o pilchard_n hake_n and_o conger_n the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a low_a country_n do_v take_v a_o imposition_n upon_o fish_n take_v within_o the_o sea_n and_o stream_n of_o other_o prince_n as_o also_o near_o their_o coast_n and_o their_o subject_n traffic_v with_o the_o russian_n as_o haunce_n noblett_n haunce_n van_n stracle_n robert_n englegrave_n and_o other_o do_v continual_o pay_v the_o ten_o fish_n unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n all_o which_o be_v requisite_a for_o merchant_n to_o know_v to_o prevent_v trouble_n or_o loss_n for_o the_o pretence_n of_o ignorance_n do_v not_o excuse_n as_o our_o merchant_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n have_v find_v to_o their_o exceed_a loss_n heretofore_o chap._n xxxvi_o of_o custom_n subsidy_n and_o imposition_n pay_v upon_o commodity_n whereas_o custom_n subsidy_n imposition_n toll_n nation_n custom_n upon_o commodity_n due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n accize_n impost_n and_o other_o duty_n by_o the_o exemplary_a action_n of_o prince_n and_o commonweal_n be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o a_o matter_n inherent_a to_o their_o prerogative_n because_o they_o be_v absolute_a commander_n in_o their_o harbour_n haven_n and_o port_n where_o commodity_n be_v export_v and_o import_v every_o merchant_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v notice_n thereof_o and_o to_o observe_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o ordinance_n and_o proceed_n use_v therein_o in_o all_o country_n respective_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o loss_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o commodity_n and_o to_o make_v a_o true_a calculation_n how_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v to_o profit_n observe_v how_o much_o upon_o the_o hundred_o pound_n in_o value_n of_o his_o commodity_n rate_v by_o the_o order_n of_o diverse_a country_n the_o same_o amount_v unto_o and_o to_o add_v the_o
they_o be_v neither_o the_o discoverer_n or_o first_o inventor_n thereof_o but_o if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n prerogative_n than_o they_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o monopoly_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v by_o a_o dispensation_n upon_o a_o penal_a law_n they_o make_v the_o same_o questionable_a wherein_o nevertheless_o the_o prince_n wisdom_n be_v to_o rule_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n other_o will_v have_v all_o thing_n at_o large_a in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o society_n or_o corporation_n of_o merchant_n for_o any_o place_n of_o trade_n but_o that_o by_o way_n of_o partenership_n merchant_n may_v associate_v themselves_o to_o make_v or_o enterprise_v some_o voyage_n or_o in_o send_v of_o commodity_n in_o copartnership_n without_o regard_n have_v that_o innovation_n be_v dangerous_a where_o the_o trade_n have_v be_v carry_v always_o by_o company_n or_o society_n whereof_o some_o be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n this_o be_v more_o considerable_a in_o the_o governement_n of_o monarchy_n and_o especial_o in_o island_n than_o in_o state_n or_o popular_a governement_n where_o the_o overballance_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v not_o respect_v neither_o the_o overaboundant_a inhabitation_n of_o stranger_n which_o augment_v their_o custom_n and_o imposition_n lay_v at_o pleasure_n upon_o their_o commodity_n as_o a_o principal_a matter_n whereby_o they_o subsist_v other_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o company_n or_o association_n deal_v in_o a_o joint_a stock_n or_o apart_o affirm_v the_o negotiation_n of_o a_o joint_a stock_n to_o be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o monopoly_n nevertheless_o they_o will_v be_v content_v to_o tolerate_v the_o same_o for_o the_o employment_n outward_o but_o for_o the_o return_n homeward_o they_o will_v have_v a_o division_n in_o kind_n or_o species_n of_o the_o commodity_n which_o they_o receive_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o portugall_n who_o experience_n have_v make_v apparent_a unto_o we_o that_o they_o have_v for_o many_o year_n sell_v their_o spice_n and_o other_o east-india_n commodity_n with_o good_a order_n and_o reputation_n for_o their_o benefit_n and_o in_o this_o course_n they_o use_v many_o time_n other_o man_n name_n name_n merchant_n use_v each_o other_o name_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n as_o they_o do_v also_o manage_v other_o man_n affair_n in_o their_o own_o name_n but_o this_o be_v do_v with_o the_o privity_n of_o the_o party_n who_o name_n be_v borrow_v and_o think_v worthy_a to_o be_v trust_v otherwise_o it_o may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a especial_o in_o time_n of_o war_n touch_v forestalling_a of_o corn_n or_o other_o commodity_n in_o market_n it_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v provide_v for_o by_o law_n nevertheless_o the_o civilians_n have_v note_v that_o by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o all_o country_n it_o be_v not_o prohibit_v for_o any_o man_n to_o make_v his_o provision_n of_o corn_n or_o other_o victual_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n and_o upon_o change_v of_o mind_n to_o sell_v the_o same_o again_o to_o profit_v *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xliii_o of_o merchant_n oppignoration_n merchant_n oppignoration_n be_v more_o use_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o it_o than_o upon_o necessity_n as_o other_o good_n be_v pawn_v for_o when_o a_o merchant_n have_v a_o ship_n come_v home_o lade_v with_o wine_n oil_n woad_n or_o such_o like_a commodity_n and_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o freight_v custom_n and_o impost_n he_o will_v not_o willing_o disburse_v more_o money_n but_o will_v endeavour_n to_o sell_v part_n of_o his_o commodity_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o withal_o because_o that_o thereby_o he_o may_v avoid_v the_o payment_n of_o interest_n for_o money_n unto_o other_o which_o sometime_o he_o can_v so_o ready_o find_v upon_o his_o own_o bond_n alone_o and_o if_o he_o do_v then_o must_v he_o be_v tie_v to_o take_v the_o same_o for_o four_o or_o six_o month_n and_o pay_v that_o interest_n when_o within_o one_o month_n he_o may_v make_v money_n of_o his_o own_o good_n upon_o consideration_n whereof_o some_o rich_a citizen_n that_o have_v great_a house_n and_o many_o seller_n or_o warehouse_n and_o to_o let_v they_o at_o great_a rent_n have_v be_v content_v to_o lend_v money_n upon_o the_o good_n bring_v into_o their_o seller_n and_o warehouse_n pay_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o the_o year_n and_o when_o they_o sell_v their_o good_n they_o must_v pay_v they_o the_o say_a money_n for_o they_o do_v trust_n bayard_n in_o the_o stable_a in_o which_o regard_n the_o house_n of_o commerce_n be_v very_o necessary_a and_o other_o such_o house_n that_o be_v spacious_a to_o receive_v great_a quantity_n of_o commodity_n where_o the_o custom_n and_o imposition_n be_v only_o pay_v by_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o commodity_n and_o you_o may_v borrow_v more_o money_n for_o little_a or_o no_o consideration_n at_o all_o and_o hereby_o do_v a_o merchant_n enlarge_v his_o trade_n and_o young_a merchant_n have_v small_a stock_n find_v great_a ease_n and_o commodity_n you_o have_v at_o lixborne_a the_o alfandega_n in_o seville_a a_o dicana_n at_o venice_n il_fw-fr fontego_fw-la commerce_n house_n of_o commerce_n at_o antuerp_n the_o house_n of_o the_o easterling_n be_v memorable_a whereof_o i_o do_v deliver_v the_o figure_n in_o print_n to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o salisbury_n when_o he_o cause_v the_o briton_n burse_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o strand_n and_o withal_o a_o project_n to_o build_v a_o house_n of_o commerce_n upon_o the_o tower_n hill_n which_o he_o do_v like_o exceed_o and_o protest_v that_o if_o he_o have_v not_o begin_v that_o work_n he_o will_v undertake_v this_o project_n which_o i_o do_v here_o declare_v in_o hope_n that_o some_o honourable_a friend_n to_o merchant_n may_v be_v please_v to_o build_v the_o same_o hereafter_o domus_fw-la commutationis_fw-la the_o situation_n of_o this_o house_n of_o commutation_n or_o commerce_n will_v be_v very_o commodious_a upon_o the_o tower_n hill_n to_o be_v make_v of_o free_a stone_n the_o proportion_n almost_o square_a according_a to_o the_o say_a easterling_n house_n at_o antuerpe_n leave_v a_o fair_a street_n on_o every_o side_n the_o fore_a part_n thereof_o towards_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o the_o water_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o it_o by_o cut_v in_o the_o dock_n below_o the_o tower_n wharf_n so_o as_o two_o ship_n of_o ordinary_a burden_n may_v at_o one_o time_n come_v in_o to_o discharge_v at_o the_o crane_n to_o be_v make_v there_o for_o the_o purpose_n the_o dryness_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o fit_a to_o make_v great_a cellar_n in_o the_o midst_n a_o stately_a court_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n of_o this_o house_n double_a warehouse_n for_o commodity_n of_o great_a bulk_n and_o over_o that_o gallery_n answerable_a to_o the_o low_a part_n set_v upon_o stately_a colume_n full_a of_o warehouse_n for_o small_a ware_n of_o value_n and_o so_o for_o a_o three_o story_n and_o double_a garret_n for_o corn_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n reserve_v some_o fair_a room_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o great_a personage_n come_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o feast_v they_o only_o also_o with_o a_o magnificent_a turret_n great_a gate_n and_o place_n with_o balance_n and_o beam_n to_o weigh_v all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n the_o earth_n of_o the_o cellar_n will_v serve_v to_o raise_v the_o hither_o part_n of_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o tower_n to_o make_v they_o deep_o and_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n level_v fit_a for_o goodly_a walk_n and_o for_o the_o scour_n of_o the_o dock_n or_o entrance_n a_o mill_n may_v be_v make_v to_o grind_v mineral_n and_o other_o thing_n one_o part_n of_o this_o house_n to_o serve_v the_o clothier_n that_o can_v convenient_o at_o all_o time_n sell_v their_o clothes_n at_o blackwel_n hall_n which_o they_o may_v remove_v when_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v money_n to_o buy_v necessary_a commodity_n to_o maintain_v their_o trade_n which_o commodity_n they_o may_v have_v for_o that_o money_n or_o by_o way_n of_o commutation_n as_o wool_n oil_n woad_n indicoe_n cutcheneale_n allome_n copperas_n or_o other_o such_o like_a extant_a in_o other_o warehouse_n of_o this_o house_n as_o by_o the_o register_n keep_v thereof_o will_v appear_v whereunto_o all_o broker_n shall_v resort_v and_o have_v notice_n of_o if_o they_o will_n when_o the_o clothier_n shall_v have_v this_o commodiousness_n they_o will_v increase_v their_o trade_n and_o set_v more_o people_n on_o work_n to_o make_v good_a clothes_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n which_o will_v be_v more_o vendible_a in_o other_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o general_a advancement_n of_o traffic_n his_o majesty_n custom_n and_o imposition_n and_o all_o other_o dependency_n
1500_o mark_n of_o gold_n of_o eight_o ounce_n 1500_o mark_n of_o pearl_n 1_o chest_n emerald_n from_o mexico_n for_o the_o king_n 1900_o thousand_o pesos_n of_o silver_n 1100_o mark_n of_o gold_n for_o particular_a person_n 2_o million_o in_o silver_n 64_o thousand_o hide_n 25_o thousand_o will_v indigo_n from_o santo_n domingo_n island_n 35_o thousand_o hide_n 900_o chest_n sugar_n of_o 1000_o will_v weight_n 22_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o ginger_n 13_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o logwood_n 50_o kintal_n of_o salsaparilla_n 48_o kintal_n of_o caniafistula_n 64_o rove_n of_o cottonwooll_n all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v value_v at_o thirteen_o million_o and_o all_o the_o commodity_n at_o three_o million_o whereof_o the_o king_n have_v twelve_o million_o and_o one_o half_a de_fw-fr claro_fw-la wherewith_o we_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n of_o the_o mine_n royal_a and_o be_v move_v to_o write_v also_o of_o other_o mine_n and_o mineral_n contrary_a to_o our_o first_o intention_n but_o brief_o as_o follow_v *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n iii_o of_o mine_n and_o mineral_n the_o next_o in_o order_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o be_v tin_n mine_n which_o be_v but_o few_o in_o number_n in_o all_o country_n mine_n tin_n mine_n and_o in_o germany_n only_o find_v somewhat_o plentiful_a but_o the_o tin_n be_v blackish_a and_o corrupt_a so_o that_o our_o english_a tin_n in_o devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n be_v the_o only_a tin_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o contain_v four_o ounce_n of_o gold_n in_o a_o thousand_o whereof_o there_o be_v some_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o make_v yearly_a it_o have_v be_v sell_v for_o many_o year_n at_o a_o under_o value_n but_o his_o majesty_n have_v by_o way_n of_o praeemption_n advance_v the_o price_n thereof_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o consequent_o unto_o the_o noble_a prince_n of_o wales_n charles_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james._n this_o praeemption_n be_v let_v to_o farm_n to_o certain_a merchant_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o stanery_n with_o all_o the_o good_a order_n observe_v therein_o and_o the_o coinage_n of_o tin_n to_o demonstrate_v the_o goodness_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n as_o be_v already_o note_v mines_n lead_v mines_n lead_v mine_n be_v find_v in_o all_o cold_a country_n especial_o in_o germany_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brownâ—wike_n but_o it_o be_v black_a of_o colour_n and_o until_o it_o be_v refine_v it_o be_v unseruiceable_a and_o consequent_o not_o vendible_a the_o old_a duke_n have_v almost_o make_v a_o wall_n aboâ—t_v the_o city_n of_o the_o sow_n and_o pig_n of_o lead_n until_o our_o lead_n become_v dear_a and_o scant_o and_o that_o a_o antuerpian_a do_v teach_v they_o how_o to_o refine_v their_o lead_n in_o take_v away_o the_o cobble_v which_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o knot_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n which_o make_v the_o lead_v brittle_a and_o by_o his_o mean_n all_o the_o duke_n lead_v be_v sell_v in_o italy_n spain_n and_o other_o place_n in_o france_n and_o elsewhere_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n have_v many_o lead_v mine_n contain_v also_o silver_n the_o lead_v mine_n of_o england_n be_v situate_v in_o diverse_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o most_o in_o darbishire_n in_o the_o hill_n of_o peake_n somersetshire_n and_o wales_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o the_o ore_n as_o have_v be_v note_v there_o be_v also_o many_o lead_v mine_n in_o richmondshire_n under_o the_o county_n of_o york_n where_o i_o go_v to_o view_v they_o anno_fw-la 1606_o about_o arkendale_n and_o the_o new_a forest_n have_v prepare_v a_o long_a iron_n boar_n of_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o for_o that_o purpose_n yorkshire_n description_n of_o many_o lead_v mine_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o there_o i_o do_v observe_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o ten_o mile_n that_o the_o situation_n of_o arkendale_n iâ—_n betwixt_o two_o hill_n the_o one_o lie_v north_n call_v windike_n and_o the_o other_o south-west_n call_v moldersey_n adjoin_v unto_o another_o hill_n call_v pouncy_n lie_v west_n from_o moldersey_n all_o belong_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o by_o lease_n unto_o sir_n john_n maillorie_n knight_n there_o be_v also_o adjoin_v unto_o it_o certain_a other_o hill_n where_o lead_v mine_n be_v as_o swailedale_n where_o my_o lord_n wharton_n have_v his_o work_n also_o readhurst_n cocka_fw-mi and_o fellind_a be_v east_n from_o wyndecke_n the_o mine_n of_o arkendale_n have_v never_o be_v wrought_v to_o any_o purpose_n there_o be_v but_o three_o smelting_a cottage_n which_o do_v feed_v upon_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o which_o at_o their_o leisure_n seek_v for_o lead_v over_o upon_o sufferance_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o melt_a place_n where_o they_o fall_v the_o same_o for_o 20_o or_o 24_o ss_z the_o load_n give_v to_o the_o owner_n three_o or_o four_o part_n in_o ten_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o one_o ten_o to_o the_o parson_n or_o vicar_n of_o the_o parish_n or_o chapel_n a_o load_n of_o ore_n with_o they_o be_v as_o much_o as_o four_o or_o five_o horse_n can_v convenient_o carry_v which_o by_o computation_n be_v some_o ten_o hundred_o weight_n and_o be_v also_o deliver_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v load_n four_o of_o these_o load_v will_v make_v a_o father_n of_o lead_n of_o twenty_o hundred_o their_o weight_n be_v 120_o will_v to_o the_o hundred_o london_n weight_n so_o one_o hundred_o of_o lead_n over_o make_v but_o 30_o will_v of_o lead_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v for_o that_o their_o manner_n of_o melt_v be_v by_o foot-blast_n and_o small_a furnace_n with_o wood_n and_o charcoal_n melt_a foolish_a manner_n of_o melt_a cast_v the_o ore_n of_o lead_n between_o they_o in_o small_a piece_n and_o so_o still_o augment_v their_o melt_a which_o can_v yield_v but_o little_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v choke_v with_o the_o fuel_n and_o dross_n of_o the_o lead_n whereas_o flame_n be_v the_o great_a means_n of_o melt_v of_o all_o mettaline_a oar_n which_o require_v furnace_n to_o be_v make_v according_o where_o thirty_o six_o or_o forty_o hundred_v may_v be_v melt_v together_o they_o melt_v three_o or_o four_o hundred_o there_o be_v no_o wood_n to_o be_v have_v but_o within_o two_o mile_n but_o sea_n coal_n and_o good_a peat_n be_v near_a hand_n which_o may_v serve_v better_a cheap_a for_o they_o reckon_v 7_o or_o 8_o ss_z for_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o father_n for_o the_o melt_a the_o lead_n be_v cast_v into_o small_a pig_n of_o somewhat_o more_o than_o one_o hundred_o weight_n be_v bring_v on_o horseback_n through_o richmond_n to_o burroughbridge_n be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n distant_a and_o be_v convey_v by_o water_n to_o york_n for_o 2_o ss_z the_o hundred_o and_o from_o york_n to_o hull_n for_o other_o two_o shilling_n so_o that_o a_o father_n of_o lead_n with_o all_o charge_n will_v not_o stand_v in_o three_o pound_n and_o there_o be_v a_o near_a way_n by_o stockton_n on_o the_o seaside_n about_o twenty_o and_o five_o mile_n which_o will_v lessen_v the_o say_a charge_n now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o iron_n mine_n mine_n iron_n mine_n whereof_o almost_o all_o country_n in_o europe_n be_v provide_v which_o do_v much_o differ_v in_o goodness_n yet_o may_v be_v use_v according_a to_o the_o several_a work_n whereunto_o it_o be_v employ_v as_o the_o spanish_a iron_n serve_v for_o blade_n &_o not_o so_o good_a for_o other_o thing_n england_n have_v great_a store_n of_o iron_n mine_n for_o by_o computation_n there_o be_v above_o eight_o hundred_o furnace_n the_o melt_a of_o it_o by_o flame_a sea_n coal_n or_o scots_a coal_n save_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o charge_n there_o be_v late_o find_v more_o iron_n mine_n in_o france_n which_o iron_n be_v make_v into_o bar_n be_v transport_v into_o guinea_n binea_n and_o other_o part_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o it_o have_v continual_o be_v in_o great_a estimation_n and_o now_o become_v so_o abundant_a that_o their_o profit_n be_v but_o small_a of_o those_o voyage_n and_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o at_o this_o present_a for_o the_o price_n of_o lead_n the_o iron_n stone_n in_o wales_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v from_o the_o steel_n stone_n by_o mean_n whereof_o a_o german_a make_v good_a steel_n in_o bar_n stone_n steel_n stone_n and_o also_o gad_n steel_n but_o the_o patent_n of_o sir_n baesell_n brooke_n for_o the_o make_n of_o steel_n do_v hinder_v the_o proceed_n therein_o and_o germane_a steel_n be_v best_a until_o of_o late_a that_o a_o frenchman_n show_v the_o imperfection_n of_o ordinary_a steel_n cause_v his_o majesty_n to_o make_v void_a the_o say_a patent_n and_o to_o grant_v another_o for_o the_o make_n of_o perfect_a steel_n surpass_v in_o goodness_n the_o steel_n of_o all_o country_n so_o we_o find_v
no_o usury_n i_o be_o surety_n for_o one_o and_o pay_v the_o debt_n 2._o exeunt_n side_n iussâ—r_v c._n 1._o &_o 2._o pay_v usury_n for_o the_o same_o money_n the_o principal_a debtor_n for_o who_o i_o be_v bind_v be_v bind_v to_o pay_v unto_o i_o the_o usury_n and_o the_o payment_n unto_o i_o be_v no_o usury_n for_o i_o receive_v but_o my_o own_o a_o man_n by_o testament_n grant_v a_o legacy_n and_o will_v his_o son_n to_o pay_v the_o legacy_n and_o so_o much_o nomine_fw-la poenae_fw-la for_o non_fw-la pay_v it_o the_o law_n say_v the_o testator_n may_v charge_v his_o executor_n or_o heir_n under_o a_o penalty_n to_o pay_v his_o legacy_n and_o the_o same_o be_v no_o usury_n but_o if_o the_o testator_n shall_v say_v thus_o i_o will_v that_o my_o son_n or_o executor_n shall_v pay_v for_o every_o month_n that_o they_o be_v behind_o hand_n so_o much_o and_o so_o from_o month_n to_o month_n till_o it_o be_v pay_v this_o be_v usury_n say_v the_o lawyer_n because_o the_o time_n be_v mention_v and_o pein_v wherein_o baldus_n be_v absolute_a the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o the_o premise_n be_v most_o in_o thing_n passive_a and_o buy_v and_o sell_v be_v leave_v only_o between_o man_n with_o certain_a caution_n sail_v thus_o dangerous_o between_o the_o two_o rock_n of_o sylla_n and_o charybdis_n with_o the_o great_a tempest_n about_o usury_n look_v that_o the_o bright_a and_o fortunate_a star_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n shall_v appear_v to_o bring_v a_o calm_a in_o detestation_n of_o all_o usury_n loe_o a_o universal_a and_o perpetual_a princely_a contract_n of_o commerce_n be_v bring_v forth_o ground_v upon_o traffic_n and_o usury_n yet_o with_o a_o religious_a care_n to_o prevent_v the_o bite_a usury_n upon_o the_o poor_a and_o honest_a householder_n and_o to_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v peace_n through_o all_o the_o whole_a world_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n notwithstanding_o the_o several_a and_o particular_a quarrel_n and_o difference_n between_o prince_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o admirable_a *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o universal_a and_o perpetual_a princely_a contract_n of_o commerce_n the_o particular_n of_o this_o princely_a contract_n of_o commerce_n be_v compile_v by_o certain_a politician_n of_o diverse_a nation_n be_v exhibit_v unto_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n in_o the_o year_n 1608_o by_o a_o private_a gentleman_n in_o the_o dutch_a tongue_n and_o command_v to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o i_o to_o translate_v the_o same_o into_o english_a but_o i_o find_v the_o original_n to_o be_v in_o latin_a and_o italian_a and_o partly_o in_o french_a as_o it_o have_v be_v propound_v in_o diverse_a country_n unto_o other_o prince_n which_o have_v subscribe_v thereunto_o intend_v to_o have_v keep_v a_o copy_n of_o it_o but_o on_o the_o sudden_a be_v deprive_v thereof_o i_o do_v instant_o set_v down_o the_o substance_n follow_v of_o it_o to_o the_o admiration_n of_o the_o gentleman_n and_o contentment_n of_o some_o of_o then_o my_o honourable_a friend_n and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o like_a that_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o any_o universal_a conclusion_n i_o have_v think_v convenient_a to_o make_v the_o same_o public_a manifest_v thereby_o that_o usury_n politic_a be_v like_a to_o continue_v in_o all_o country_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v therefore_o prevent_v bite_a usury_n upon_o the_o poor_a by_o the_o charitable_a mean_n of_o pawne-house_n or_o mount_v of_o charity_n as_o aforesaid_a substance_n of_o the_o sole_a universal_a and_o perpetual_a contract_n of_o commerce_n or_o unite_a society_n of_o knighthood_n to_o be_v make_v between_o all_o prince_n and_o one_o private_a person_n for_o the_o sure_a maintain_n of_o peace_n among_o christian_n and_o increase_v of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n through_o all_o the_o world_n ground_v upon_o jus_o gentium_fw-la by_o the_o article_n follow_v the_o contract_n or_o covenant_n to_o be_v make_v with_o seven_o quality_n of_o person_n emperor_n king_n prince_n arch-duke_n earl_n knight_n and_o gentleman_n among_o which_o some_o merchant_n be_v comprise_v in_o all_o not_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o person_n with_o the_o poor_a to_o be_v reckon_v for_o one_o as_o be_v so_o many_o stake_n wherein_o seignory_n commonweal_n society_n and_o order_n shall_v be_v account_v for_o one_o also_o every_o stake_n to_o be_v from_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n of_o five_o shilling_n sterling_a until_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n a_o stake_n wherein_o emperor_n and_o king_n may_v not_o exceed_v three_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n duke_n earl_n and_o commonweal_n two_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n a_o person_n no_o man_n to_o be_v adâ—aunced_v to_o this_o society_n but_o for_o his_o desert_n or_o wealth_n or_o for_o both_o wherein_o but_o one_o of_o the_o kindred_n to_o succeed_v the_o father_n or_o the_o near_a of_o consanguinity_n by_o default_n of_o son_n the_o person_n in_o every_o kingdom_n beside_o the_o prince_n to_o be_v two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o noble_a or_o great_a in_o government_n every_o one_o a_o stake_n and_o the_o master_n of_o count_a house_n for_o a_o stake_n serve_v gratis_o or_o some_o other_o merchant_n these_o house_n of_o exchange_n to_o be_v in_o all_o place_n of_o peace_n or_o security_n and_o all_o other_o place_n as_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o be_v govern_v and_o serve_v by_o correspondency_n which_o may_v be_v in_o number_n seven_o or_o nine_o to_o one_o stake_n and_o so_o augment_v the_o stock_n by_o their_o credit_n and_o mean_n according_o receive_v a_o proportionable_a gain_n of_o the_o benefit_n procure_v by_o their_o employment_n without_o any_o other_o use_n or_o consideration_n for_o their_o money_n the_o money_n deliver_v to_o this_o society_n for_o the_o stock_n to_o remain_v for_o ever_o by_o way_n of_o donation_n only_o the_o revenue_n yearly_o from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o party_n their_o heir_n or_o next_o of_o the_o blood_n or_o to_o the_o lawful_a assign_v or_o by_o default_n after_o a_o time_n to_o the_o poor_a the_o person_n advance_v by_o desert_n and_o without_o money_n bring_v in_o shall_v for_o their_o stake_n or_o so_o much_o as_o be_v want_v within_o the_o time_n limit_v allow_v ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o until_o the_o same_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o gain_n which_o be_v offer_v by_o four_o or_o five_o year_n revenue_n to_o be_v do_v or_o by_o deduction_n of_o six_o and_o one_o four_o part_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la no_o man_n for_o any_o criminal_a offence_n shall_v by_o way_n of_o forfeiture_n lose_v his_o stake_n or_o for_o any_o misdemeanour_n hinder_v his_o posterity_n to_o enjoy_v the_o revenue_n thereof_o but_o lose_v his_o voice_n wherein_o every_o man_n be_v equal_a and_o moreover_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o society_n may_v be_v hinder_v thereby_o defalcation_n by_o suspense_n of_o payment_n shall_v be_v make_v until_o reparation_n make_v thereof_o unto_o the_o say_a society_n at_o their_o pleasure_n no_o executor_n administrator_n surveyor_n curator_n or_o other_o person_n or_o assign_v be_v to_o meddle_v with_o the_o premise_n but_o for_o want_v of_o issue_n or_o ob_fw-la intestato_fw-la fall_v upon_o child_n under_o year_n or_o woman_n to_o take_v the_o account_n and_o revenue_n according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o other_o without_o any_o other_o account_n to_o be_v make_v all_o controversy_n arise_v between_o they_o of_o the_o society_n for_o matter_n of_o traffic_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o master_n of_o count_v house_n with_o their_o counsel_n of_o assistance_n to_o be_v appoint_v unto_o they_o without_o any_o appellation_n or_o remove_v to_o any_o other_o court_n or_o jurisdiction_n whatsoever_o the_o preservation_n and_o assurance_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o credit_n be_v by_o the_o authority_n and_o confirmation_n of_o prince_n and_o commonweal_n who_o notwithstanding_o particular_a difference_n be_v general_o incline_v to_o maintain_v traffic_n as_o the_o soul_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o estate_n so_o that_o the_o say_a authority_n because_o of_o the_o protection_n thereof_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n shall_v be_v corroborate_v for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o by_o their_o association_n under_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n in_o unity_n of_o covenant_n with_o one_o private_a person_n of_o the_o quality_n hereafter_o declare_v in_o seven_o tongue_n whereof_o every_o prince_n in_o his_o own_o language_n for_o subscription_n be_v once_o to_o have_v precedency_n and_o after_o that_o without_o any_o ceremonial_a or_o politic_a observation_n to_o be_v use_v indifferent_o to_o which_o end_n the_o say_a prince_n and_o potentate_n be_v to_o renounce_v all_o law_n privilege_n exception_n or_o immunity_n of_o what_o high_a nature_n or_o dignity_n soever_o to_o the_o contrary_a and_o to_o make_v approbation_n of_o this_o contract_n by_o their_o parlement_n or_o high_a court_n
of_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v every_o person_n of_o this_o society_n to_o be_v free_a and_o exempt_v of_o all_o imposition_n tax_n custom_n subsidy_n lend_v of_o money_n any_o manner_n of_o way_n or_o any_o charge_n as_o also_o master_n of_o the_o count_a house_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v permit_v to_o exercise_v any_o traffic_n or_o trade_n particular_a but_o must_v whole_o employ_v themselves_o to_o this_o business_n with_o such_o allowance_n and_o order_n as_o be_v prescribe_v unto_o they_o all_o worldly_a thing_n be_v subject_a to_o mutability_n even_o the_o greatness_n and_o superiority_n of_o prince_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v depose_v for_o a_o time_n and_o afterward_o to_o be_v restore_v again_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o of_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o three_o part_n allot_v unto_o they_o for_o three_o stake_n in_o this_o covenant_n the_o two_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o prince_n until_o he_o be_v restore_v again_o or_o dead_a which_o be_v only_o to_o take_v place_n in_o all_o hereditary_a kingdom_n the_o say_a society_n therefore_o not_o to_o purchase_v any_o land_n for_o the_o generality_n to_o endanger_v prince_n estate_n but_o only_o for_o their_o particular_a as_o occasion_n serve_v model_n or_o medalia_fw-la to_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o say_v hundred_o person_n of_o the_o society_n and_o the_o master_n of_o count_a house_n only_o with_o emendation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o by_o their_o successor_n upon_o true_a register_n and_o acknowledgement_n to_o be_v make_v and_o keep_v thereof_o the_o say_v model_n to_o contain_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o world_n concatenate_v together_o under_o a_o crown_n imperial_a assist_v with_o the_o personage_n of_o prosperity_n honour_n and_o mercy_n environ_v round_o about_o with_o two_o enclose_a hand_n and_o arm_n of_o faith_n and_o credit_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o like_a with_o a_o cross_n and_o inscription_n he_o do_v crown_v his_o own_o work_n in_o us._n all_o which_o person_n shall_v be_v make_v noble_a knight_n of_o this_o order_n according_o with_o certain_a other_o addition_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v convenient_a as_o by_o faith_n and_o credit_n it_o shall_v subsist_v or_o the_o like_a the_o aforesaid_a stock_n and_o credit_n to_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o say_a master_n of_o count_a house_n and_o assistant_n in_o five_o several_a matter_n by_o exchange_n bank_n mount_v of_o charity_n mensa_fw-la argentaria_fw-la and_o house_n of_o vendition_n without_o any_o adventure_n or_o loss_n according_a to_o a_o instruction_n show_v the_o benefit_n and_o commodiousness_n which_o will_v arise_v thereby_o unto_o all_o estate_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o honour_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o rich_a relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o welfare_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o general_a have_v some_o gratuity_n bestow_v upon_o they_o the_o private_a person_n with_o who_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a party_n be_v to_o covenant_n be_v to_o be_v general_a master_n of_o all_o the_o count_a house_n and_o only_o to_o keep_v a_o general_a book_n of_o account_n without_o any_o administration_n of_o the_o stock_n or_o to_o meddle_v in_o any_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n but_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n with_o a_o large_a allowance_n of_o charge_n expense_n have_v and_o to_o be_v have_v for_o to_o entertain_v all_o the_o party_n and_o correspondency_n which_o may_v resort_v to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o habitation_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o must_v be_v provide_v of_o a_o stately_a house_n with_o all_o convenient_a thing_n necessary_a and_o many_o servant_n messenger_n and_o post_n with_o the_o gain_n of_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n that_o he_o do_v furnish_v by_o many_o allowance_n and_o other_o mean_n to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o the_o party_n according_a to_o a_o particular_a agreement_n wherein_o the_o unite_a low_a province_n be_v name_v the_o chief_a place_n or_o rendezvous_n of_o this_o negotiation_n or_o intend_a contract_n whereunto_o diverse_a country_n have_v condescend_v the_o author_n of_o this_o project_n under_o the_o say_a private_a name_n do_v desire_n for_o the_o advancement_n hereof_o permission_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o safgarde_n to_o be_v protect_v from_o all_o injury_n and_o to_o repair_v all_o damage_n which_o may_v be_v do_v unto_o they_o in_o hostile_a or_o peaceable_a manner_n freedom_n of_o all_o tax_n and_o assurance_n for_o their_o person_n and_o good_n according_a to_o a_o instruction_n to_o which_o end_n the_o master_n general_a of_o the_o say_v count_v house_n if_o breach_n be_v make_v by_o any_o one_o of_o the_o party_n in_o any_o article_n of_o this_o covenant_n be_v to_o receive_v the_o complaint_n and_o to_o consult_v with_o his_o counsel_n of_o assistance_n and_o so_o to_o give_v notice_n thereof_o unto_o the_o next_o neighbour_n prince_n or_o state_n of_o this_o society_n to_o see_v the_o same_o redress_v or_o amend_v if_o that_o prince_n do_v deny_v to_o be_v aid_v or_o be_v forgetful_a therein_o he_o shall_v be_v accessary_a and_o judge_v as_o guilty_a as_o the_o first_o offendor_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o first_o offendor_n for_o the_o time_n shall_v be_v he_o and_o the_o society_n may_v remove_v their_o count_a house_n or_o change_v they_o into_o correspondency_n if_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n shall_v also_o prove_v to_o be_v negligent_a and_o without_o respect_n have_v to_o their_o private_a gain_n abandon_v so_o good_a a_o action_n lose_v their_o title_n or_o revenue_n violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n wherewith_o no_o doubt_n most_o prince_n shall_v find_v themselves_o aggrieve_v and_o these_o prince_n or_o person_n transgressor_n will_v find_v the_o worse_o and_o endanger_v their_o estate_n to_o their_o great_a dishonour_n through_o all_o the_o world_n and_o disturbance_n of_o other_o neighbour_n prince_n for_o the_o better_a advancement_n hereof_o there_o be_v a_o place_n reserve_v for_o reward_n of_o two_o unknown_a person_n which_o by_o their_o industry_n labour_n and_o science_n shall_v be_v think_v worthy_a thereof_o one_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o it_o this_o princely_a contract_n require_v a_o serious_a consideration_n the_o stock_n or_o capital_a be_v 2_o ½_n million_o or_o 2500_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a or_o ten_o million_o flemish_a which_o increase_v by_o nine_o hundred_o correspondency_n will_v make_v the_o stock_n to_o be_v twenty_o and_o five_o million_o oâ—_n one_o hundred_o million_o flemish_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o through_o all_o the_o world_n there_o lie_v so_o much_o money_n dead_a without_o any_o use_n or_o employment_n the_o calculation_n of_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n double_v yearly_a so_o that_o he_o who_o by_o gift_n employ_v one_o hundred_o pound_n be_v to_o have_v for_o it_o one_o hundred_o pound_n yearly_a for_o ever_o and_o this_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v get_v by_o five_o several_a mean_n viz._n by_o cambium_n bank_n mons_fw-la pietatis_fw-la mâ—nsa_fw-la argentaria_n and_o domus_fw-la commutationis_fw-la whereof_o you_o may_v find_v the_o particular_n in_o this_o book_n the_o proceed_n of_o this_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n have_v be_v interrupt_v by_o monsieur_n olden_n barnevelt_fw-mi late_o execute_v at_o the_o hague_n in_o holland_n the_o sequel_n hereof_o time_n will_v discover_v and_o we_o may_v say_v with_o the_o poet_n quid_fw-la non_fw-la mortalia_fw-la pectora_fw-la cogunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n chap._n xviii_o of_o money_n deliver_v upon_o life_n annuity_n and_o pension_n have_v entreat_v of_o money_n deliver_v at_o interest_n without_o casualty_n and_o so_o term_v usury_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o contract_n of_o benefit_n without_o adventure_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o handle_v of_o money_n deliver_v upon_o life_n when_o merchant_n do_v give_v twelve_o upon_o the_o hundred_o without_o pawn_n call_v beyond_o the_o sea_n after_o the_o penny_n 8_o the_o moiety_n whereof_o with_o pawn_n be_v six_o upon_o the_o hundred_o or_o double_a eight_o according_a to_o the_o penny_n 16_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o penny_n 8_o be_v 12_o ½_n for_o eight_o time_n 12_o ½_n make_v one_o hundred_o so_o the_o penny_n 16_o which_o be_v use_v for_o rent_n upon_o house_n or_o land_n be_v 6_o ¼_n according_a to_o which_o penny_n 8_o upon_o one_o life_n or_o double_a for_o one_o year_n so_o they_o all_o live_v be_v equal_a upon_o eight_o life_n this_o be_v much_o use_v in_o diverse_a city_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o draw_v money_n into_o their_o hand_n as_o for_o example_n one_o hundred_o pound_n be_v deliver_v to_o have_v two_o hundred_o pound_n for_o it_o at_o the_o year_n end_v upon_o eight_o life_n if_o they_o all_o live_v you_o have_v two_o hundred_o pound_n to_o buy_v a_o perpetual_a rent_n or_o sometime_o as_o it_o have_v be_v
a_o occasion_n to_o gather_v in_o his_o own_o debt_n soon_o in_o some_o place_n also_o they_o may_v not_o arrest_v upon_o the_o sabbath_n day_n and_o holiday_n to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v deprive_v of_o divine_a service_n towards_o god_n and_o comfort_n of_o their_o soul_n the_o officer_n or_o sergeant_n may_v not_o arrest_v any_o man_n upon_o the_o burse_n or_o royal_a exchange_n although_o the_o party_n to_o be_v arrest_v shall_v yield_v thereunto_o and_o renounce_v the_o say_a privilege_n it_o be_v not_o many_o year_n since_o that_o a_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v upon_o the_o exchange_n at_o antuerp_n have_v notice_n give_v he_o that_o another_o merchant_n have_v give_v order_n that_o upon_o his_o go_v from_o the_o exchange_n he_o shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o that_o the_o officer_n do_v attend_v he_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n whereupon_o he_o perceive_v the_o say_a officer_n call_v he_o unto_o he_o and_o say_v he_o will_v obey_v the_o arrest_n which_o for_o the_o first_o time_n be_v but_o a_o adiourn_v or_o citation_n the_o officer_n do_v require_v a_o pledge_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o coin_n in_o token_n thereof_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v which_o he_o give_v he_o afterward_o this_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v otherwise_o advise_v by_o his_o friend_n do_v disclaim_v from_o that_o arrest_n because_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o exchange_n and_o claim_v the_o say_a privilege_n insomuch_o that_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o learned_a advocate_n on_o both_o side_n do_v thereupon_o assemble_v in_o the_o town-house_n as_o it_o be_v the_o guild-hall_n and_o there_o the_o matter_n be_v debate_v and_o discuss_v at_o large_a according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o it_o be_v at_o last_o conclude_v and_o determine_v that_o the_o say_a arrest_n be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o the_o renunciation_n of_o a_o privilege_n by_o any_o particular_a privilege_n the_o renunciation_n of_o a_o privilege_n can_v abolish_v the_o privilege_n or_o many_o person_n can_v derogate_v or_o abrogate_v any_o custom_n or_o privilege_n not_o only_o in_o the_o general_a but_o also_o in_o the_o particular_a so_o that_o within_o twenty_o and_o four_o hour_n after_o he_o may_v have_v be_v arrest_v again_o but_o he_o be_v non_fw-la inventus_fw-la and_o upon_o this_o arrest_n he_o be_v to_o find_v caution_n to_o answer_v the_o law_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v for_o all_o privilege_a place_n as_o church_n chapel_n churchyard_n and_o other_o place_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o diverse_a city_n and_o town_n do_v not_o permit_v any_o man_n to_o be_v arrest_v upon_o foreign_a plea_n for_o debt_n or_o contract_n make_v in_o other_o town_n place_n or_o country_n which_o be_v as_o place_n of_o refuge_n for_o some_o merchant_n as_o the_o town_n of_o middleborough_n in_o zealand_n refuge_n town_n of_o refuge_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dort_n in_o holland_n and_o other_o city_n and_o town_n in_o other_o country_n and_o most_o city_n and_o town_n where_o a_o nation_n or_o a_o society_n of_o merchant_n do_v agree_v to_o make_v their_o residence_n as_o the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n and_o other_o common_o the_o say_a city_n and_o town_n do_v exempt_v they_o from_o all_o litigious_a suit_n which_o happen_v between_o themselves_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o their_o governor_n or_o court_n master_n so_o as_o only_a controversy_n happen_v between_o they_o and_o stranger_n or_o inhabitant_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o merchant_n difference_n they_o will_v also_o free_v they_o from_o all_o debt_n owe_v by_o king_n prince_n and_o state_n so_o that_o the_o subject_n good_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a thereunto_o to_o the_o end_n that_o traffic_n be_v not_o interrupt_v the_o officer_n or_o sergeant_n which_o make_v these_o arrest_n be_v know_v by_o their_o habit_n habit_n officer_n know_v by_o their_o habit_n or_o by_o a_o rod_n to_o be_v see_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o may_v not_o by_o stealth_n come_v upon_o a_o man_n whereby_o many_o insolence_n be_v prevent_v and_o sergeant_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o be_v kill_v as_o many_o time_n they_o be_v with_o us._n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o their_o habit_n or_o colour_n no_o man_n be_v to_o assist_v they_o if_o they_o be_v abuse_v and_o the_o rescue_v of_o a_o man_n then_o be_v no_o offence_n and_o howsoever_o if_o a_o man_n arrest_v or_o to_o be_v arrest_v do_v run_v away_o every_o man_n give_v he_o way_n as_o desirous_a to_o help_v he_o to_o keep_v he_o out_o of_o trouble_n account_v the_o arrest_v of_o a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o hangman_n office_n and_o nevertheless_o their_o hangman_n be_v see_v to_o be_v always_o in_o rich_a apparel_n and_o be_v repute_v as_o necessary_a member_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n whereas_o in_o england_n it_o be_v very_o contemptible_a and_o base_a return_v to_o speak_v again_o of_o attachment_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consideration_n with_o we_o not_o to_o admit_v any_o to_o be_v do_v either_o in_o london_n or_o any_o other_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a specialty_n attachment_n to_o be_v grant_v upon_o specialty_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n unless_o it_o be_v upon_o plain_a specialty_n and_o also_o with_o put_v in_o good_a surety_n for_o the_o cost_n for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a dangerous_a thing_n for_o merchant_n dwell_v beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o merchant_n which_o dwell_v in_o remote_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v their_o factor_n at_o london_n if_o they_o upon_o any_o surmise_n or_o pretence_n of_o debt_n shall_v make_v secret_o any_o attachment_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n of_o their_o master_n good_n either_o when_o they_o know_v their_o master_n to_o be_v dead_a or_o travel_v in_o some_o foreign_a country_n upon_o a_o long_a voyage_n as_o occasion_n may_v fall_v out_o and_o so_o by_o practice_n deceive_v they_o of_o their_o estate_n by_o plead_v afterward_o the_o say_a attachment_n or_o judgement_n have_v thereupon_o in_o bar_n as_o aforesaid_a chap._n xii_o of_o sequestration_n and_o execution_n the_o magistrate_n consider_v that_o abuse_n may_v be_v commit_v many_o way_n by_o attachment_n do_v common_o use_v sequestration_n of_o good_n by_o deliver_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o person_n or_o take_v of_o they_o into_o their_o own_o custody_n or_o power_n for_o by_o these_o mean_n also_o be_v many_o attachment_n prevent_v which_o man_n will_v do_v if_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o good_n or_o debt_n do_v come_v into_o their_o own_o power_n wherein_o they_o have_v a_o care_n not_o to_o feed_v the_o humour_n of_o contentious_a person_n which_o be_v mere_o contrary_a to_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o sentence_n wherein_o the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n do_v consist_v they_o do_v proceed_v gradatim_fw-la law_n execution_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n and_o if_o any_o such_o sequestration_n be_v make_v unjust_o or_o without_o cause_n the_o civil_a law_n as_o also_o the_o office_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n hereafter_o declare_v will_v give_v good_a cost_n and_o damage_n execution_n considerable_a execution_n in_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o say_a magistrate_n there_o be_v many_o persuasive_a mean_n use_v by_o they_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o debtor_n with_o the_o creditor_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o composition_n if_o not_o than_o some_o officer_n be_v send_v to_o the_o party_n house_n to_o keep_v he_o as_o it_o be_v a_o prisoner_n to_o who_o he_o must_v give_v meat_n drink_n lodging_n and_o a_o daily_a fee_n according_a to_o the_o judge_n appointment_n and_o as_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v of_o moment_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o this_o pecuniary_a punishment_n he_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o pay_v or_o satisfy_v the_o creditor_n which_o be_v aggravate_v by_o send_v two_o officer_n at_o the_o first_o than_o two_o more_o and_o so_o six_o or_o eight_o of_o they_o to_o eat_v he_o out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n for_o these_o man_n will_v gnaw_v he_o to_o the_o very_a bone_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v clyvers_a or_o devourer_n but_o if_o the_o debtor_n will_v not_o endure_v this_o and_o do_v go_v wilful_o to_o prison_n than_o the_o creditor_n must_v find_v the_o debtor_n maintenance_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o may_v if_o he_o will_v present_o put_v he_o to_o bread_n and_o water_n which_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o do_v but_o when_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o party_n have_v mean_n and_o will_v not_o satisfy_v his_o creditor_n who_o after_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o person_n can_v come_v upon_o the_o good_n again_o according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n than_o he_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o arcta_fw-la custodia_fw-la with_o
bread_n and_o water_n for_o a_o time_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o if_o the_o debtor_n be_v so_o poor_a and_o notwithstanding_o have_v such_o a_o cruel_a adversary_n that_o will_v make_v die_n of_o his_o bone_n that_o be_v say_v to_o have_v his_o debtor_n die_v in_o prison_n and_o to_o hang_v up_o a_o bale_n of_o dice_n for_o he_o in_o the_o crown_n office_n as_o be_v do_v by_o the_o officer_n in_o place_n or_o the_o gaoler_n then_o have_v the_o law_n beyond_o the_o sea_n provide_v some_o relief_n for_o this_o poor_a man_n for_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o germany_n france_n italy_n spain_n and_o the_o low_a country_n that_o no_o man_n be_v imprison_v for_o debt_n above_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n in_o which_o time_n the_o creditor_n have_v power_n to_o take_v seize_v and_o sell_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o debtor_n which_o be_v do_v or_o before_o the_o woman_n in_o most_o place_n may_v claim_v her_o dower_n for_o her_o relief_n &_o child_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v divide_v among_o the_o creditor_n as_o far_o as_o it_o will_v go_v and_o so_o the_o debtor_n be_v free_v from_o those_o debt_n for_o ever_o for_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n qui_fw-la vult_fw-la cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la liberatus_fw-la est_fw-la a_o debito_fw-la if_o the_o debtor_n do_v relinquish_v his_o estate_n to_o the_o creditor_n he_o be_v free_a from_o the_o debt_n and_o all_o good_n fall_v to_o he_o afterward_o be_v his_o own_o but_o this_o man_n be_v ever_o after_o disable_v to_o come_v to_o any_o preferment_n and_o such_o a_o creditor_n as_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o will_v be_v hate_v and_o account_v worse_a than_o a_o jew_n or_o pagan_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la or_o to_o make_v session_n of_o good_n be_v very_o heinous_a bonis_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la and_o of_o wonderful_a disgrace_n so_o that_o most_o man_n will_v rather_o die_v in_o misery_n than_o to_o come_v unto_o it_o because_o it_o happen_v not_o once_o in_o twenty_o year_n yet_o be_v it_o far_o inferior_a to_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o pillory_n or_o the_o strike_n over_o the_o leg_n use_v in_o russia_n at_o the_o creditor_n instance_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o the_o debt_n pay_v the_o party_n come_v before_o the_o town-house_n and_o stand_v upon_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o unloose_v his_o girdle_n he_o desire_v they_o and_o all_o the_o world_n to_o take_v notice_n that_o he_o have_v nothing_o leave_v he_o to_o pay_v his_o creditor_n and_o so_o renounce_v all_o what_o may_v be_v find_v to_o be_v his_o or_o what_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n he_o may_v pretend_v and_o in_o token_n thereof_o he_o may_v not_o wear_v his_o girdle_n any_o more_o nor_o be_v employ_v in_o any_o business_n as_o a_o live_a man_n yet_o afterward_o by_o some_o composition_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o creditor_n he_o may_v be_v restore_v by_o a_o declaration_n to_o be_v make_v by_o some_o officer_n upon_o the_o say_a stone_n and_o then_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o wear_v his_o girdle_n again_o in_o the_o say_a country_n no_o gentleman_n or_o man_n of_o quality_n may_v be_v imprison_v at_o all_o for_o debt_n his_o estate_n only_o be_v liable_a thereunto_o and_o yet_o with_o reservation_n of_o such_o necessary_a thing_n as_o honesty_n honour_n humanity_n and_o christianity_n do_v challenge_v namely_o the_o soldier_n person_n his_o arm_n his_o apparel_n bed_n and_o chamber_n convenient_o and_o necessary_o furnish_v which_o may_v not_o be_v take_v for_o debt_n and_o the_o like_a reservation_n be_v make_v to_o every_o other_o man_n of_o quality_n so_o that_o imprisonment_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n according_a to_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o england_n be_v a_o great_a burden_n and_o bondage_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o christian_n or_o heathen_a country_n and_o for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o mischief_n and_o incovenience_n arise_v to_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o imprison_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n have_v be_v propound_v heretofore_o in_o parliament_n by_o a_o print_a remonstrance_n which_o like_o unto_o a_o pamphlet_n may_v be_v lose_v whereby_o good_a matter_n be_v many_o time_n put_v in_o oblivion_n i_o have_v think_v convenient_a to_o make_v a_o abstract_n thereof_o in_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o say_a reason_n be_v lay_v down_o to_o be_v insert_v in_o this_o book_n in_o hope_n of_o some_o relief_n unto_o decay_a merchant_n who_o estate_n may_v remain_v liable_a to_o answer_v their_o creditor_n without_o imprison_v of_o their_o body_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o rule_n of_o justice_n the_o law_n of_o conscience_n and_o christian_n charity_n and_o against_o the_o practice_n of_o other_o country_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o final_o against_o the_o creditor_n own_o profit_n the_o law_n of_o god_n will_v and_o command_v every_o man_n to_o follow_v a_o vocation_n to_o do_v the_o honour_n god_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n duty_n and_o service_n owe_v to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n and_o parent_n and_o to_o maintain_v his_o wife_n child_n and_o family_n and_o to_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o direct_o or_o indirect_o forbid_v the_o say_a christian_n duty_n in_o the_o perform_n thereof_o by_o a_o imprisonment_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n whereupon_o all_o humane_a law_n ought_v to_o be_v ground_v no_o law_n of_o god_n will_v or_o command_v imprisonment_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n nor_o be_v it_o warrant_v by_o any_o example_n in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o efficient_a mean_n bring_v man_n into_o prison_n as_o usury_n be_v appear_v plain_o to_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n as_o have_v be_v note_v out_o of_o the_o old_a law_n neither_o have_v the_o law_n of_o the_o gospel_n a_o word_n of_o command_n or_o warrant_v for_o imprison_v a_o christian_n brother_n for_o debt_n 34.14_o exod._n 22.26_o deut._n 23.19_o levit._fw-la 25_o 35._o ezech._n 18_o 8._o jeremy_n 34.14_o but_o rather_o contain_v a_o command_n to_o relieve_v he_o if_o he_o be_v fall_v into_o decay_n to_o take_v care_n how_o and_o wherein_o he_o shall_v sleep_v to_o set_v he_o free_a at_o six_o year_n end_n and_o then_o to_o reward_v he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o man_n it_o be_v not_o so_o ab_fw-la initio_fw-la for_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n man_n against_o the_o law_n of_o man_n which_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a most_o eminent_a &_o most_o bind_a law_n no_o man_n may_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v for_o debt_n but_o the_o creditor_n be_v to_o take_v satisfaction_n upon_o the_o debtor_n estate_n of_o good_n &_o land_n according_a to_o magna_fw-la char._n 3._o h._n 3._o and_o 14._o ed._n 3._o although_o after_o accountant_n only_o be_v to_o be_v imprison_v until_o they_o pay_v which_o be_v make_v general_a against_o all_o debtor_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 17._o yet_o prisoner_n in_o execution_n might_n and_o do_v follow_v their_o vocation_n and_o affair_n by_o bail_n mainprize_n or_o baston_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 12._o and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o be_v prisoner_n tie_v up_o short_a to_o the_o writ_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la or_o the_o king_n special_a mandate_n upon_o surmise_n corpus_fw-la habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la that_o the_o say_v debtor_n make_v secret_a estate_n in_o trust_n to_o defraud_v their_o creditor_n or_o be_v wilful_a and_o obstinate_a to_o pay_v they_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v these_o objection_n it_o be_v unjust_a to_o punish_v all_o promiscuous_o aswell_o frauder_n as_o non_fw-la frauder_n without_o and_o before_o any_o proof_n make_v yet_o if_o the_o fraud_n be_v prove_v or_o his_o ability_n and_o sufficiency_n either_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o imprison_v his_o body_n because_o the_o law_n do_v give_v the_o estate_n fourthwith_o to_o the_o creditor_n whether_o the_o debtor_n will_v or_o no_o so_o it_o be_v still_o needless_a to_o imprison_v the_o body_n for_o twenty_o year_n imprisonment_n discount_v never_o a_o penny_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o yet_o the_o debtor_n have_v suffer_v more_o misery_n and_o punishment_n than_o a_o guilty_a traitor_n or_o rebel_n suffer_v for_o the_o high_a offence_n it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o law_n of_o nature_n justice._n against_o the_o rule_n of_o justice._n that_o man_n equal_o free_v bear_v shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o common_a and_o equal_a liberty_n and_o be_v give_v into_o the_o power_n of_o another_o without_o criminal_a cause_n or_o guilt_n the_o debtor_n be_v either_o punish_v for_o guilt_n or_o cohersion_n if_o for_o guilt_n it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o
all_o remedy_n against_o his_o estate_n for_o ever_o the_o consideration_n hereof_o make_v the_o debtor_n to_o retain_v in_o his_o hand_n what_o they_o can_v to_o maintain_v themselves_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o perish_v which_o make_v also_o against_o the_o crditors_n profit_n the_o body_n of_o every_o subject_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n commonwealth_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o every_o subject_n be_v a_o member_n or_o single_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o that_o to_o take_v this_o body_n and_o to_o cast_v the_o same_o into_o prison_n for_o debt_n where_o he_o must_v lie_v rot_v idle_o and_o unprofitable_o all_o the_o day_n of_o his_o life_n and_o die_v miserable_o be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o strip_v and_o rob_v the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o their_o limb_n and_o member_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o service_n and_o endeavour_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o subject_n yearly_a of_o all_o degree_n and_o profession_n to_o do_v service_n to_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n which_o number_n of_o prisoner_n exceed_v all_o the_o prisoner_n in_o all_o other_o country_n it_o be_v therefore_o in_o christian_n charity_n wish_v and_o in_o all_o godly_a policy_n desire_v that_o the_o body_n and_o endeavour_n of_o all_o debtor_n may_v be_v free_a from_o imprisonment_n and_o the_o creditor_n recovery_n be_v make_v against_o the_o debtor_n land_n and_o good_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v most_o consonant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o christian_n charity_n to_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o godly_a policy_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o that_o interim_n the_o relief_n of_o prisoner_n may_v be_v permit_v which_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n grant_v for_o she_o and_o her_o successor_n in_o the_o 28._o year_n of_o her_o reign_n by_o a_o large_a commission_n record_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n the_o exemplification_n whereof_o be_v by_o all_o prisoner_n for_o debt_n humble_o desire_v many_o other_o reason_n be_v allege_v in_o the_o say_a remonstrance_n invective_n against_o usury_n and_o usuror_n which_o i_o have_v omit_v and_o hereunto_o let_v we_o add_v certain_a observation_n in_o general_a concern_v execution_n the_o law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o mute_a magistrate_n but_o the_o magistrate_n be_v a_o living_n law_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o command_v and_o the_o strength_n of_o command_v be_v in_o the_o constrain_a or_o execute_v of_o the_o law_n which_o belong_v unto_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n the_o consideration_n hereof_o do_v produce_v a_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n whether_o judge_n or_o magistrate_n ought_v to_o be_v for_o a_o time_n or_o term_n of_o life_n the_o often_o change_v of_o they_o being_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o do_v instigate_v man_n to_o accuse_v those_o that_o have_v not_o discharge_v the_o place_n of_o their_o office_n due_o law_n custom_n of_o the_o roman_n about_o execution_n of_o law_n whereby_o wickedness_n be_v not_o only_o punish_v but_o also_o every_o man_n through_o emulation_n do_v endeavour_v himself_o to_o follow_v virtue_n and_o to_o discharge_v the_o place_n of_o his_o call_n beside_o whereas_o virtue_n in_o all_o commonweal_n be_v the_o principal_a point_n whereat_o man_n aim_v and_o whereunto_o the_o law_n do_v bind_v they_o so_o the_o distribution_n of_o office_n be_v a_o reward_n of_o virtue_n which_o can_v be_v do_v to_o many_o when_o they_o be_v give_v in_o perpetuity_n to_o some_o few_o which_o many_o time_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o sedition_n by_o the_o inequal_a distribution_n of_o reward_n and_o punishment_n in_o some_o commonweal_n officer_n inconvenience_n of_o yearly_a officer_n true_a it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v many_o inconvenience_n if_o the_o officer_n be_v but_o for_o one_o year_n or_o a_o short_a time_n to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o public_a good_a for_o they_o must_v leave_v their_o place_n before_o they_o know_v the_o duty_n of_o it_o and_o common_o unto_o one_o that_o be_v but_o a_o novice_n in_o the_o place_n whereby_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n fall_v into_o the_o government_n of_o such_o as_o be_v incapable_a thereof_o and_o without_o experience_n and_o if_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o place_n their_o time_n be_v short_a that_o it_o do_v vanish_v away_o in_o feast_n and_o pleasure_n and_o matter_n either_o public_a or_o private_a do_v remain_v undecided_a and_o every_o thing_n protract_v without_o due_a administration_n of_o justice_n beside_o how_o be_v it_o in_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n possible_a that_o he_o shall_v command_v with_o the_o effectual_a power_n of_o a_o magistrate_n that_o within_o a_o little_a while_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o cipher_n without_o power_n or_o authority_n what_o subject_n will_v yield_v he_o due_a respect_n and_o reverence_v whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o his_o office_n be_v perpetual_a and_o his_o estate_n assure_v he_o be_v resolve_v bold_o to_o resist_v the_o wicked_a to_o defend_v the_o good_a permanent_a commodity_n have_v by_o judge_n permanent_a to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n of_o the_o oppress_a and_o even_o to_o withstand_v tyrant_n who_o many_o time_n have_v be_v astonish_v to_o see_v the_o constancy_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o herein_o be_v the_o common_a law_n excellent_a because_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n be_v authorise_v according_o for_o term_v of_o life_n as_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o place_n require_v and_o be_v also_o choose_v with_o great_a solemnity_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o integrity_n knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o the_o law_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o ornament_n whereas_o to_o call_v the_o yearly_a judge_n in_o question_n after_o their_o time_n expire_v be_v a_o derogation_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o law_n in_o other_o country_n the_o sheriff_n and_o many_o other_o officer_n which_o put_v in_o every_o county_n the_o writ_n commandment_n annual_a subaltern_a officer_n annual_a and_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o execution_n be_v remove_v every_o year_n and_o the_o same_o be_v expire_v they_o may_v be_v call_v to_o account_v to_o answer_v for_o any_o misdemeanour_n commit_v by_o they_o during_o their_o office_n by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o law_n which_o make_v they_o vigilant_a and_o circumspect_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o place_n which_o they_o supply_v either_o personal_o or_o by_o deputy_n for_o who_o offence_n they_o must_v answer_v this_o authority_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o judge_n therefore_o do_v prevent_v many_o mischief_n put_v a_o fear_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o offender_n of_o the_o law_n by_o the_o rigour_n thereof_o which_o in_o criminal_a case_n be_v call_v by_o some_o cruelty_n but_o the_o merciful_a judge_n be_v more_o to_o be_v blame_v in_o these_o case_n than_o the_o severe_a because_o severity_n make_v man_n to_o be_v obedient_a unto_o the_o law_n whereas_o too_o much_o lenity_n cause_v contempt_n both_o of_o law_n and_o magistrate_n nevertheless_o as_o there_o be_v in_o all_o commonweal_n two_o principal_a point_n which_o the_o magistrate_n be_v to_o consider_v namely_o law_n and_o equity_n so_o the_o execution_n of_o law_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o magistrate_n who_o sometime_o be_v too_o severe_a may_v do_v more_o hurt_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n than_o good_a see_v the_o intention_n of_o those_o that_o make_v the_o law_n good_a law_n intention_n be_v the_o common_a good_a be_v to_o provide_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n salus_fw-la populi_fw-la suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la esto_fw-la this_o may_v be_v say_v especial_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o statute_n law_n whereof_o we_o have_v the_o example_n of_o empson_n and_o dudley_n fresh_a in_o memory_n who_o be_v privy_a councillor_n to_o king_n henry_n 7_o cause_v the_o penal_a law_n to_o be_v strict_o execute_v against_o his_o subject_n whereby_o the_o king_n gather_v much_o treasure_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v much_o displease_v unto_o he_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v record_v because_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o effectual_a to_o cause_v the_o prince_n to_o be_v call_v a_o tyrant_n than_o this_o course_n of_o strict_a execution_n of_o law_n which_o have_v a_o affinity_n with_o the_o say_n of_o nicholas_n machiavelli_n sometime_o secretary_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscanie_n touch_v the_o condition_n of_o man_n in_o general_n it_o be_v miserable_a that_o we_o can_v do_v all_o thing_n machiavelli_n the_o say_n of_o machiavelli_n more_o miserable_a to_o do_v that_o which_o we_o will_v do_v and_o most_o miserable_a to_o do_v that_o which_o we_o can_v do_v informer_n nevertheless_o be_v necessary_a member_n in_o
for_o in_o the_o execution_n consist_v the_o life_n of_o all_o law_n and_o the_o perfect_a of_o man_n action_n which_o aim_v at_o some_o certain_a end_n for_o it_o have_v be_v well_o observe_v by_o some_o that_o the_o action_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n and_o a_o fool_n differ_v in_o this_o fool_n difference_n between_o the_o action_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n and_o a_o fool_n that_o the_o wise_a have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o end_n in_o what_o they_o undertake_v and_o the_o fool_n without_o consideration_n permit_v the_o end_n to_o manifest_v in_o self_n whereof_o ignorant_a man_n judge_v according_a to_o the_o event_n although_o the_o enterprise_n be_v never_o so_o advise_o take_v in_o hand_n and_o as_o if_o the_o success_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o divine_a power_n to_o be_v guide_v by_o his_o providence_n the_o determination_n of_o all_o cause_n and_o controversy_n especial_o of_o merchant_n affair_n be_v do_v and_o execute_v as_o follow_v 1_o concern_v seafaring_a cause_n which_o be_v determine_v according_a to_o the_o sea-lawe_n already_o write_v and_o in_o the_o premise_n abridge_v controversy_n four_o meaneâ—_n to_o end_v controversy_n we_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n brief_o declare_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o 2_o the_o second_o mean_a to_o end_v controversy_n be_v by_o arbitrator_n choose_v and_o elect_v by_o both_o party_n to_o end_v their_o difference_n with_o brevity_n and_o expedition_n to_o avoid_v suit_n in_o law_n which_o unto_o merchant_n be_v inconvenient_a 3_o the_o three_o mean_v be_v the_o authority_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n of_o merchant_n for_o the_o merchant_n court_n according_a to_o the_o privilege_n which_o prince_n have_v grant_v unto_o they_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o their_o traffic_n and_o maintenance_n of_o their_o custom_n whereof_o most_o judge_n be_v either_o ignorant_a or_o content_v to_o determine_v matter_n according_o 4_o the_o four_o and_o last_o mean_v to_o determine_v question_n and_o difference_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a or_o imperial_a law_n or_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o several_a dominion_n of_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o they_o wherein_o we_o be_v especial_o to_o observe_v that_o the_o law-merchant_n be_v predominant_a and_o overrule_a for_o all_o nation_n do_v frame_n and_o direct_v their_o judgement_n thereafter_o give_v place_n to_o the_o antiquity_n of_o merchant_n custom_n which_o make_v proper_o their_o law_n now_o by_o i_o methodical_o describe_v in_o this_o book_n which_o allow_v to_o every_o man_n and_o nation_n his_o proper_a right_n and_o due_a and_o hure_v no_o man_n law_n three_o precept_n of_o all_o law_n according_a to_o the_o three_o general_a precept_n of_o all_o law_n set_v down_o by_o caius_n and_o after_o he_o by_o tribonianus_n namely_o honest_a vivere_fw-la alterum_fw-la non_fw-la laedere_fw-la &_o ius_n suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la tribuere_fw-la whereof_o the_o second_o tri_v and_o rule_v the_o two_o other_o whereof_o more_o hereafter_o touch_v the_o first_o mean_v to_o determine_v seafaring_a cause_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o speak_v much_o of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o admiral_n at_o the_o sea_n admiral_n a_o admiral_n call_v by_o the_o roman_n magnus_n dux_n classis_fw-la and_o drungarius_n magnus_fw-la or_o admiratus_fw-la from_o amiras_n a_o word_n use_v by_o the_o spaniard_n to_o see_v or_o adelantado_n as_o go_v before_o the_o rest_n of_o ship_n also_o by_o the_o italian_n l'amiraglio_n or_o admiral_n in_o french_a because_o his_o call_n be_v know_v to_o all_o but_o let_v we_o observe_v that_o for_o the_o ready_a obedience_n to_o the_o great_a admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o power_n over_o the_o life_n of_o man_n a_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n only_o proper_a to_o themselves_o court._n the_o admiral_n court._n in_o all_o seafaring_a cause_n and_o debate_v civil_a and_o criminal_a so_o that_o no_o other_o judge_n shall_v meddle_v therewith_o and_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n be_v his_o deputy_n judicial_o to_o decide_v they_o by_o the_o advocate_n and_o other_o assistant_n for_o the_o better_a and_o just_a proceed_n of_o the_o say_a court_n also_o the_o admiral_n clerk_n be_v veric_a necessary_a and_o herein_o it_o have_v be_v think_v convenient_a that_o all_o proctor_n or_o attorn'ey_n of_o that_o court_n shall_v take_v their_o oath_n before_o they_o be_v hear_v etc._n advocate_n and_o proctor_n etc._n etc._n that_o they_o shall_v do_v nothing_o malicious_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o find_v their_o action_n to_o be_v unrighteous_a in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o process_n they_o be_v to_o tell_v it_o to_o their_o client_n and_o if_o the_o client_n will_v insist_v then_o to_o show_v it_o to_o the_o judge_n oath_n the_o proctor_n oath_n also_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o reveal_v their_o client_n secret_n to_o the_o adversary_n and_o last_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o propound_v delay_n nor_o be_v peremptory_a against_o their_o conscience_n and_o the_o like_a oath_n be_v to_o be_v take_v of_o other_o officer_n at_o their_o admission_n the_o cause_n to_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n do_v extend_v very_o far_o and_o many_o be_v otherwise_o decree_v or_o determine_v especial_o by_o the_o merchant_n court_n admiralty_n cause_n to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o admiralty_n and_o office_n of_o assurance_n whereas_o heretofore_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n do_v minister_v justice_n upon_o all_o complaint_n contract_n offence_n plea_n exchange_n assurance_n debt_n account_n charterparty_n covenant_n and_o all_o other_o writing_n concern_v lade_v and_o unlade_v of_o ship_n fraight_n hire_n money_n lend_v upon_o hazard_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o other_o seafaring_a business_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o acknowledge_v of_o writ_n and_o appeal_n from_o other_o judge_n letter_n of_o reprisal_n or_o mart_n to_o arrest_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n to_o inquire_v within_o and_o without_o liberty_n by_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o man_n upon_o all_o offence_n and_o trespass_n and_o namely_o first_o touch_v the_o revealer_n of_o the_o king_n and_o country_n their_o secret_n over_o sea_n especial_o in_o time_n of_o war_n against_o pirate_n their_o assister_n or_o abettor_n outreader_n or_o receiver_n against_o fortefier_n of_o the_o king_n enemy_n and_o harmer_n of_o friend_n against_o the_o breaker_n of_o the_o admiral_n arrest_n and_o attachment_n against_o good_n forbid_v and_o merchandise_n not_o custom_a and_o yet_o transport_v against_o the_o resister_n of_o the_o admiral_n officer_n in_o execute_v his_o precept_n against_o forestaller_n regrater_n and_o dearther_n of_o corn_n and_o victual_n etc._n etc._n final_o against_o transporter_n of_o traitor_n rebel_n manifest_a transgressor_n and_o fugitive_n from_o justice_n or_o caster_n of_o ballast_n sand_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n in_o harbour_n or_o channel_n extortioner_n by_o ship_n and_o boat-wrights_a for_o take_v away_o the_o boigh_n from_o the_o anchor_n cutter_n of_o cable_n or_o towe_n false_a weight_n and_o measure_n by_o sea_n shedder_n of_o other_o man_n blood_n on_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o port_n or_o lame_v by_o misdemeanour_n customer_n and_o water-bailifes_a take_n more_o custom_n or_o anchorage_n than_o they_o ought_v for_o absent_v from_o muster_n in_o time_n of_o war_n for_o all_o transgression_n commit_v by_o seaman_n ferry-man_n watermen_n fisher_n pilot_n shipwrights_a press_a man_n contain_v the_o admiral_n authority_n and_o to_o amerce_v they_o for_o his_o own_o benefit_n the_o good_n of_o pirate_n felon_n capital_a offender_n their_o receiver_n assister_n attaint_v convict_v condemn_v and_o outlaw_v waif_n and_o stray_v good_n wreck_n on_o the_o sea_n and_o cast_v good_n deodando_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o thing_n whether_o boat_n or_o ship_n etc._n etc._n that_o cause_v the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n or_o whereby_o a_o man_n do_v perish_v sea_n beacon_n to_o give_v light_n on_o the_o sea_n share_n lawful_a prize_n or_o good_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o lagon_n floatson_n and_o jetson_n before_o declare_v with_o the_o anchorage_n beaconage_n swine_n sturgeon_n and_o whale_n cast_v on_o shore_n &_o all_o fish_n of_o extraordinary_a greatness_n call_v regal_a of_o all_o these_o the_o admiral_n have_v authority_n to_o deal_v correct_v and_o punish_v according_a to_o their_o desert_n and_o the_o law_n provide_v for_o the_o same_o by_o statute_n enact_v and_o all_o other_o law_n and_o mean_n before_o declare_v the_o clerk_n of_o the_o admiral_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o skilful_a and_o honest_a and_o be_v to_o have_v diverse_a register_n for_o congee_n safeconduct_n passport_n sea-briefe_n without_o which_o no_o ship_n in_o time_n of_o war_n be_v to_o pass_v clerk_n the_o register_n of_o the_o clerk_n nor_o yet_o in_o far_a voyage_n in_o time_n of_o
which_o they_o do_v affect_v plato_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n in_o state_n matter_n that_o prince_n do_v not_o only_o give_v law_n unto_o their_o subject_n but_o also_o by_o their_o example_n they_o do_v change_v the_o manner_n of_o man_n man_n the_o example_n of_o prince_n do_v change_v the_o manner_n of_o man_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o do_v use_v the_o example_n of_o their_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o who_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n cause_v his_o hair_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o wherein_o the_o people_n do_v present_o imitate_v he_o we_o have_v see_v say_v he_o three_o great_a prince_n strive_v as_o it_o be_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o most_o learned_a man_n and_o best_a artificer_n namely_o the_o say_v great_a king_n francis_n the_o first_o henry_n the_o 8_o king_n of_o england_n and_o pope_n paul_n the_o three_o insomuch_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n can_v never_o have_v the_o learned_a and_o reverend_a beda_n and_o the_o french_a king_n do_v pay_v seventie_o two_o thousand_o crown_n for_o a_o diamond_n rather_o than_o king_n henry_n shall_v have_v have_v it_o hereupon_o present_o the_o people_n do_v give_v themselves_o to_o study_v and_o to_o buy_v precious_a stone_n when_o the_o nobility_n do_v imitate_v the_o king_n and_o when_o the_o king_n give_v over_o the_o same_o the_o price_n of_o they_o be_v much_o abate_v if_o any_o man_n shall_v here_o object_v say_v monsieur_n bodin_n that_o if_o thing_n shall_v still_o become_v dear_a partly_o through_o the_o waste_n and_o partly_o for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o live_v because_o of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v true_a but_o the_o war_n and_o calamity_n happen_v to_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v stay_v the_o course_n of_o it_o as_o we_o may_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v live_v with_o scarcity_n and_o to_o speak_v proper_o in_o want_n and_o misery_n almost_o five_o hundred_o year_n when_o they_o have_v but_o copper_n money_n of_o a_o pound_n weight_n weight_n copper_n money_n of_o one_o pound_n weight_n and_o without_o stamp_n for_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n come_v unto_o they_o in_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o the_o scipion_n paul_n emilyus_fw-la marius_n sylla_n lucullus_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n especial_o by_o the_o two_o last_o for_o pompey_n do_v conquer_v so_o much_o land_n roman_n great_a wealth_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o make_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o be_v eight_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o crown_n caesar_n notwithstanding_o all_o his_o prodigality_n bring_v to_o the_o treasury_n forty_o million_o of_o crown_n have_v give_v at_o one_o time_n unto_o paul_n consul_n 900_o thousand_o crown_n to_o hold_v silence_n and_o unto_o curion_n tribune_n 1500_o thousand_o crown_n to_o take_v his_o part_n mark_v anthony_n go_v further_o as_o plutarch_n and_o appian_n have_v write_v for_o he_o give_v unto_o his_o army_n for_o their_o service_n do_v 200_o thousand_o talent_n be_v 120_o million_o of_o crown_n so_o do_v adrian_n the_o emperor_n to_o have_v the_o good_a will_n of_o forty_o legion_n give_v ten_o million_o whereby_o appear_v great_a abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o have_v be_v at_o rome_n but_o it_o do_v not_o last_v ever_o for_o in_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o year_n the_o parth_n goth_n hercules_n hongres_n and_o other_o cruel_a nation_n do_v overcome_v the_o empire_n and_o all_o italy_n and_o overcome_v the_o roman_n burn_v their_o city_n and_o take_v the_o spoil_n of_o they_o the_o like_a do_v happen_v unto_o all_o commonweal_n to_o wax_n and_o increase_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o to_o flourish_v for_o a_o time_n in_o wealth_n and_o power_n commonweal_n the_o property_n of_o commonweal_n and_o afterward_o to_o grow_v old_a and_o decline_v until_o they_o be_v utter_o ruinate_v and_o destroy_v touch_v the_o last_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n he_o show_v how_o monsieur_n malestroit_n have_v mistake_v the_o matter_n in_o the_o money_n themselves_o make_v within_o three_o hundred_o year_n for_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o saint_n lewis_n cause_v the_o first_o sol_n to_o be_v coin_a worth_a twelve_o denier_n whereof_o sixty_o four_o piece_n go_v to_o the_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n and_o that_o in_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n his_o time_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce_n without_o number_n and_o as_o good_a as_o the_o crown_n now_o be_v value_v but_o at_o twenty_o sol_n and_o that_o afterwards_o king_n john_n cause_v the_o frankes_n to_o be_v make_v of_o sine_fw-la gold_n which_o be_v but_o value_v twenty_o sol_n and_o that_o the_o sol_n of_o silver_n be_v worth_a five_o of_o our_o sol_n he_o do_v not_o say_v of_o what_o weight_n and_o fineness_n the_o money_n be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o in_o conclusion_n he_o say_v that_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n be_v not_o alter_v by_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n but_o if_o mounseur_fw-fr bodine_n according_a to_o his_o wisdom_n and_o deep_a judgement_n in_o other_o matter_n have_v due_o consider_v of_o these_o two_o paradox_n he_o will_v have_v make_v a_o direct_a answer_n thereunto_o before_o he_o will_v have_v proceed_v in_o his_o former_a discourse_n the_o first_o paradox_n be_v consider_v with_o the_o second_o will_v show_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n or_o contrariety_n paradox_n the_o contratierie_a of_o the_o paradox_n for_o the_o first_o do_v consist_v in_o give_v of_o more_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o commodity_n now_o than_o in_o time_n past_a which_o he_o deni_v and_o the_o second_o in_o receive_v less_o commodity_n for_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n now_o than_o in_o time_n past_a which_o he_o affirm_v which_o both_o way_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o nature_n of_o commutation_n now_o if_o we_o do_v not_o give_v more_o quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o commodity_n than_o in_o time_n past_a how_o can_v we_o receive_v less_o commodity_n for_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o thereby_o receive_v a_o loss_n as_o in_o the_o second_o paradox_n be_v allege_v again_o if_o we_o do_v receive_v less_o quantity_n of_o commodity_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n than_o in_o time_n past_a according_a to_o the_o second_o paradox_n whereby_o we_o sustain_v a_o loss_n how_o can_v the_o first_o paradox_n be_v true_a that_o nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a for_o that_o we_o give_v no_o more_o quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n than_o in_o time_n past_a commodity_n and_o money_n lie_v by_o this_o comparison_n in_o a_o equal_a balance_n but_o let_v we_o admit_v that_o monsieur_n malestroit_n have_v a_o intention_n which_o he_o may_v have_v express_v in_o few_o word_n if_o he_o have_v the_o true_a ground_n and_o understand_v the_o matter_n he_o go_v about_o by_o prove_v only_o that_o when_o money_n do_v alter_v in_o weight_n or_o in_o fineness_n or_o in_o valuation_n etc._n cause_n of_o the_o denomination_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o all_o three_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n do_v alter_v only_o by_o denomination_n if_o the_o valuation_n be_v make_v according_o yet_o mounseur_fw-fr bodine_n have_v not_o make_v a_o good_a interpretation_n of_o the_o say_a paradox_n and_o mistake_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n touch_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n which_o he_o compare_v within_o themselves_o in_o the_o realm_n of_o france_n whereas_o the_o comparison_n ought_v to_o be_v of_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o one_o country_n with_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o other_o country_n and_o thereby_o find_v out_o whether_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a with_o we_o or_o with_o they_o in_o effect_n so_o that_o they_o both_o mistake_v their_o ground_n we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o say_a treatise_n that_o they_o have_v lose_v ariadne_n her_o line_n wherewith_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o money_n and_o their_o property_n before_o declare_v be_v like_a unto_o a_o man_n who_o have_v lose_v his_o way_n among_o the_o wood_n the_o further_o he_o go_v the_o more_o he_o err_v from_o the_o right_a way_n to_o entreat_v therefore_o of_o commodity_n and_o money_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n between_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o they_o must_v be_v regard_v as_o the_o principal_a and_o overrule_a part_n thereof_o for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v frame_v a_o silogisme_n in_o manner_n follow_v he_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o full_a of_o fallacy_n and_o misprision_n nay_o a_o very_a dilemma_n nothing_o cause_v merchant_n to_o export_v more_o money_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n than_o they_o bring_v
purpose_n as_o by_o the_o grant_n appear_v this_o licence_n they_o in_o short_a time_n pervert_v to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o ancient_a course_n of_o the_o staple_n whereby_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o realm_n great_o decline_v and_o the_o king_n custom_n decrease_v so_o that_o from_o 160_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a pay_v out_o of_o the_o staple_n the_o custom_n come_v short_a of_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n becket_n the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n these_o new_a merchant_n term_v themselves_o the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o direction_n under_o the_o great_a scale_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o prohibit_v from_o do_v any_o act_n that_o may_v prejudice_n the_o staple_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v until_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o then_o there_o be_v another_o great_a complaint_n in_o parliament_n against_o the_o say_a fraternity_n for_o decay_v of_o trade_n and_o a_o very_a strict_a law_n make_v against_o they_o with_o especial_a order_n that_o they_o shall_v admit_v any_o of_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n into_o their_o society_n pay_v unto_o they_o ten_o mark_n which_o under_o pretence_n of_o some_o privilege_n have_v be_v interrupt_v and_o especial_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o highness_n happy_a reign_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o controversy_n for_o the_o dress_n and_o die_v of_o cloth_n nevertheless_o in_o all_o their_o grant_n exception_n be_v make_v that_o the_o stapler_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudice_v which_o in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o parliament_n will_v be_v find_v most_o necessary_a to_o be_v unite_v again_o to_o make_v a_o free_a trade_n under_o government_n 8_o the_o exportation_n of_o the_o material_n for_o cloth_n as_o wool_n fuller_n earth_n woolfell_n and_o woodash_n be_v prohibit_v late_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n with_o good_a order_n for_o the_o execution_n thereof_o according_a as_o heretofore_o be_v do_v by_o the_o corrector_n of_o the_o staple_n for_o other_o commodity_n 9_o touch_v the_o war_n of_o christendom_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o have_v also_o great_a war_n in_o his_o time_n with_o france_n and_o in_o ireland_n and_o nevertheless_o he_o do_v receive_v a_o very_a great_a assistance_n by_o subsidy_n of_o fifty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n export_v for_o and_o during_o the_o time_n of_o six_o year_n which_o amount_v to_o 1500_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n when_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v value_v but_o at_o twenty_o penny_n which_o will_v now_o amount_v to_o four_o million_o and_o a_o half_a 10_o and_o last_o the_o immoderate_a use_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o constable_n of_o the_o staple_n have_v in_o consideration_n for_o they_o have_v always_o a_o especial_a care_n to_o the_o enrich_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o the_o king_n do_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o when_o the_o say_a king_n become_v forgetful_a therein_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n want_v chaffer_v ware_n and_o necessary_a provision_n the_o parliament_n do_v absolute_o deny_v to_o give_v he_o any_o subsidy_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o chronicle_n of_o grafton_n in_o the_o one_o and_o fifty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n so_o that_o by_o the_o premise_n thing_n have_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n consider_v of_o when_o least_o disorder_n in_o trade_n appear_v a_o conclusion_n to_o the_o judicious_a reader_n the_o trivial_a vice_n of_o envy_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o wickedness_n and_o account_v to_o sit_v in_o a_o imaginary_a theatre_n her_o palace_n be_v a_o dim_a and_o hollow_a vault_n wherein_o she_o wax_v pale_a and_o wan_a as_o have_v the_o consumption_n of_o the_o liver_n look_v a_o squint_a as_o bear_v under_o saturn_n never_o rest_v as_o though_o she_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o ixâ—ns_n wheel_n engender_v and_o hatch_v by_o the_o ugly_a megara_n of_o hell_n that_o feed_v and_o cram_v her_o gorge_n with_o dragon_n and_o foam_v out_o again_o deadly_a poison_n this_o unce_n have_v send_v forth_o triple_a head_a cerberus_n under_o the_o shadow_n of_o zoilus_n momus_n and_o mastix_fw-la satyy_n three_o envious_a satyy_n to_o perform_v her_o intend_a tragedy_n but_o zoylus_n remember_v that_o his_o rail_a commentary_n present_v by_o he_o to_o ptolemy_n king_n of_o egypt_n and_o his_o presumption_n to_o be_v better_o learn_v than_o homer_n do_v work_v his_o overthrow_n go_v by_o with_o silence_n and_o shake_v his_o head_n seem_v to_o be_v discontent_v and_o under_o hand_n he_o do_v instigate_v momus_n and_o mastix_fw-la to_o follow_v their_o envious_a humour_n whereupon_o momus_n with_o his_o carp_a eye_n dim_v with_o passion_n have_v cursory_o read_v over_o this_o book_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v a_o great_a politician_n or_o statist_n and_o find_v fault_n that_o many_o thing_n therein_o contain_v which_o he_o term_v mystery_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v especial_o such_o as_o may_v concern_v prince_n in_o their_o revenue_n or_o secret_n of_o their_o mint_n unto_o he_o therefore_o i_o frame_v this_o answer_n confess_v and_o avoid_v that_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o ancient_a monarchy_n empire_n and_o commonweal_n hold_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o revenue_n in_o such_o reverence_n and_o secret_a that_o none_o but_o the_o officer_n which_o have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o be_v make_v privy_a of_o they_o as_o be_v sacred_a thing_n not_o fit_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v take_v notice_n thereof_o which_o be_v true_o observe_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o commonweal_n of_o the_o grecian_n but_o as_o time_n produce_v variety_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n do_v change_v breed_v corruption_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n so_o be_v it_o find_v that_o by_o this_o secrecy_n officer_n be_v both_o embolden_v and_o enable_v to_o deceive_v the_o prince_n thereby_o and_o the_o people_n will_v pretend_v ignorance_n to_o giâ—e_v unto_o they_o their_o due_n whereupon_o the_o senator_n of_o rome_n by_o mature_a deliberation_n do_v ordain_v that_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o the_o revenue_n of_o their_o treasure_n and_o the_o dependence_n thereupon_o shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v not_o only_o unto_o the_o people_n but_o unto_o stranger_n also_o which_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n cause_v to_o beobserue_v and_o other_o emperor_n succeed_v he_o as_o appeareth_z by_o the_o code_n and_o other_o book_n which_o the_o french_a king_n have_v imitate_v ever_o since_o willing_a and_o command_v that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v know_v of_o every_o one_o yea_o even_o of_o the_o mere_a stranger_n of_o other_o country_n so_o that_o this_o objection_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n especial_o this_o book_n be_v moderate_a in_o the_o handle_n thereof_o now_o mastix_fw-la ride_v a_o false_a gallop_n on_o a_o hackney_n horse_n be_v full_o freight_v of_o conceit_n come_v to_o town_n and_o make_v two_o exception_n to_o the_o method_n and_o content_n of_o the_o book_n first_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o term_n of_o art_n by_o divide_v of_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n next_o he_o will_v not_o have_v merchant_n secret_n lay_v open_a or_o their_o trade_n divulge_v to_o the_o first_o concern_v the_o be_v essence_n or_o existence_n of_o thing_n he_o will_v make_v no_o difference_n between_o natural_a thing_n and_o thing_n artificial_a and_o so_o there_o be_v but_o two_o essential_a part_n of_o materia_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la albeit_o that_o some_o philosopher_n have_v establish_v three_o beginning_n of_o natural_a thing_n matter_n form_n and_o deprivation_n the_o matter_n have_v no_o other_o office_n or_o function_n but_o the_o change_n from_o one_o form_n into_o another_o deprivation_n give_v a_o inclination_n thereunto_o for_o deprivation_n be_v a_o imperfection_n so_o conjoin_v to_o the_o matter_n that_o without_o she_o if_o she_o be_v separate_v nothing_o will_v be_v engender_v and_o therefore_o in_o heaven_n there_o be_v no_o deprivation_n and_o consequent_o no_o generation_n ne_o corruption_n the_o form_n therefore_o give_v perfection_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o be_v also_o and_o without_o her_o the_o matter_n be_v more_o imperfect_a than_o the_o eye_n be_v without_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v or_o the_o ear_n without_o hear_v but_o in_o artificial_o the_o be_v have_v her_o part_n as_o traffic_n have_v three_o namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n so_o other_o thing_n may_v consist_v of_o more_o be_v or_o simples_n wherein_o the_o term_n of_o art_n be_v not_o exclude_v neither_o can_v they_o avoid_v mastix_fw-la his_fw-la envy_n to_o the_o second_o the_o whole_a content_n of_o this_o book_n manife_v to_o all_o judicious_a merchant_n how_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n be_v of_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v to_o maintain_v equity_n and_o justice_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a secret_n of_o any_o merchant_n trade_n reveal_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o man_n or_o nation_n in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o be_v much_o please_v with_o it_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o advance_v the_o good_a and_o to_o banish_v the_o evil_a observe_v that_o virtue_n make_v a_o stranger_n grow_v natural_a in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o the_o vicious_a become_v a_o mere_a stranger_n in_o his_o own_o native_a soil_n let_v virtue_n therefore_o enjoy_v her_o freedom_n and_o possess_v her_o privilege_n by_o the_o right_n of_o law_n and_o all_o the_o people_n shall_v flourish_v with_o equity_n justice_n shall_v maintain_v peace_n peace_n shall_v procure_v security_n security_n shall_v nourish_v wealth_n and_o wealth_n felicity_n no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v dismay_v at_o his_o small_a talent_n or_o to_o grudge_v at_o another_o great_a prosperity_n for_o without_o doubt_n nature_n have_v by_o her_o secret_a motion_n deny_v none_o some_o perfect_a quality_n to_o supply_v that_o want_n which_o in_o himself_o breed_v discontent_a or_o mislike_n for_o even_o as_o the_o fish_n have_v no_o ear_n have_v a_o most_o clear_a sight_n so_o though_o want_n of_o dignity_n be_v a_o disgrace_n to_o some_o though_o want_v of_o coin_n discontent_n diverse_a and_o though_o lack_v of_o wealth_n impair_v the_o credit_n of_o many_o yet_o nature_n have_v supply_v that_o outward_a ornament_n with_o such_o a_o internal_a reward_n as_o a_o loyal_a and_o love_a heart_n notwithstanding_o many_o hard_a measure_n will_v with_o constancy_n spend_v all_o his_o time_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v thereunto_o employ_v this_o work_n thus_o at_o length_n happy_o conclude_v and_o commend_v to_o the_o kind_a acceptation_n of_o all_o gentle_a and_o well_o dispose_v mind_n be_v not_o compile_v to_o please_v the_o vain_a appetite_n of_o some_o man_n according_a to_o their_o nice_a opinion_n but_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judicial_a and_o affable_a judgement_n of_o this_o age_n to_o who_o i_o shall_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o my_o day_n always_o be_v ready_a to_o supply_v any_o thing_n which_o in_o the_o next_o impression_n may_v be_v desire_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o will_v measure_v it_o by_o the_o just_a desert_n and_o censure_v thereof_o as_o their_o own_o kind_a nature_n have_v ever_o be_v accustom_v soli_fw-la deo_fw-la gloria_fw-la finis_fw-la
sillimanus_fw-la accursius_fw-la franciscus_n aretinus_n grisogonus_fw-la lotharius_n julianus_n and_o diverse_a other_o doctor_n and_o learned_a of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v make_v many_o long_a discourse_n and_o volume_n of_o book_n of_o the_o questionable_a matter_n fall_v out_o among_o merchant_n for_o and_o concern_v merchandise_n law-merchant_n book_n case_n of_o the_o law-merchant_n which_o be_v yearly_a observation_n or_o book_n case_n and_o precedent_n by_o the_o read_n whereof_o merchant_n be_v like_o rather_o to_o metamorphize_v their_o procession_n and_o become_v lawyer_n than_o true_o to_o attain_v to_o the_o particular_a knowledge_n of_o the_o say_a custom_n or_o law-merchant_n for_o they_o have_v arm_v question_n and_o disputation_n full_a of_o quillet_n and_o distinction_n overcurious_a and_o precise_a and_o many_o of_o they_o to_o small_a purpose_n full_a of_o apicis_fw-la iuris_fw-la be_v apicis_fw-la iuris_fw-la what_o they_o be_v which_o themselves_o have_v note_v to_o be_v subtlety_n say_v apicis_fw-la iuris_fw-la sâ—nt_fw-la quae_fw-la subtilitatem_fw-la quandam_fw-la respiciunt_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la facti_fw-la veritaetem_fw-la they_o do_v more_o regard_n certain_a subtlety_n than_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n or_o matter_n as_o for_o example_n to_o define_v quid_fw-la sâ—â—_n mercator_fw-la what_o a_o merchant_n be_v quidue_fw-la mercatura_fw-la what_o merchandise_v be_v whether_o he_o be_v a_o merchant_n that_o do_v once_o buy_v and_o sell_v wherher_n merchandise_v and_o negotiate_v be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o whether_o a_o usurer_n be_v a_o merchant_n whether_o sell_v by_o retail_v shall_v be_v call_v merchandise_v whether_o a_o clergy_n man_n or_o a_o gentleman_n deal_n in_o buy_v and_o sell_v shall_v be_v call_v a_o merchant_n in_o any_o controversy_n wherein_o a_o merchant_n may_v be_v like_o a_o usurer_n whether_o a_o man_n buy_v commodity_n in_o groâ—â—e_n and_o work_v the_o same_o out_o again_o into_o other_o thing_n to_o be_v vent_v by_o a_o ordinary_a course_n of_o traffic_n be_v a_o merchant_n artificer_n or_o tradesman_n whether_o a_o seller_n of_o horse_n may_v be_v call_v a_o merchant_n whether_o a_o shopkeeper_n trade_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o at_o home_n be_v a_o merchant_n whether_o a_o merchant_n shall_v be_v call_v to_o be_v a_o merchant_n of_o one_o kind_n of_o commodity_n that_o deal_v for_o diverse_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n or_o ware_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o merchant_n that_o deal_v not_o for_o himself_o but_o other_o negotiate_v for_o he_o or_o whether_o a_o young_a man_n dwell_v with_o a_o merchant_n may_v be_v a_o merchant_n and_o other_o the_o like_a question_n which_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o trouble_v merchant_n brain_n withal_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o merchant_n be_v to_o be_v note_v merchant_n definition_n of_o a_o merchant_n for_o he_o that_o continual_o deal_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n or_o by_o way_n of_o permutation_n of_o ware_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o in_o foreign_a part_n be_v a_o merchant_n next_o in_o order_n maiâ—ris_n conditis_fw-la numeri_fw-la pâ—tioris_fw-la 〈◊〉_d maiâ—ris_n the_o condition_n and_o property_n which_o a_o merchant_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v to_o be_v consider_v namely_o to_o be_v without_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n in_o his_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n and_o to_o keep_v faith_n with_o all_o man_n hereupon_o question_n be_v make_v whether_o a_o merchant_n may_v traffic_v with_o turk_n heathen_n barbarian_n and_o infidel_n and_o perform_v promise_n with_o they_o whether_o a_o merchant_n may_v sell_v his_o commodity_n as_o dear_a as_o he_o can_v without_o respect_n of_o person_n whether_o he_o may_v use_v lie_v as_o be_v officious_a in_o the_o sell_n of_o commodity_n emptor_n caveat_n emptor_n whether_o he_o may_v be_v crafty_a without_o deceit_n whether_o learning_n be_v requisite_a in_o a_o merchant_n whether_o he_o may_v deal_v in_o prohibit_v commodity_n at_o his_o peril_n whether_o a_o merchant_n buy_v commodity_n and_o sell_v they_o better_a cheap_a than_o they_o cost_v he_o shall_v be_v hold_v in_o suspicion_n to_o be_v near_o decay_v and_o the_o like_a of_o he_o that_o take_v up_o much_o money_n at_o interest_n merchant_n the_o continuance_n of_o a_o merchant_n the_o say_a civilians_n have_v also_o determine_v how_o long_o a_o merchant_n be_v to_o be_v so_o call_v which_o be_v either_o when_o he_o break_v or_o give_v over_o to_o deal_v in_o merchandise_n or_o when_o he_o be_v prohibit_v to_o deal_v for_o offence_n commit_v and_o hereunto_o they_o add_v a_o declaration_n of_o such_o as_o may_v trade_v and_o by_o the_o contrary_a thereof_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v who_o may_v not_o trade_n merchant_n person_n exempt_v to_o be_v merchant_n viz._n clergy_n man_n nobleman_n gentleman_n soldier_n counsellor_n at_o the_o law_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a public_a officer_n and_o magistrate_n frantic_a person_n and_o mad_a man_n youth_n under_o year_n orphan_n lunatics_n and_o fool_n all_o these_o be_v exempt_v to_o be_v merchant_n but_o son_n and_o servant_n may_v deal_v in_o merchandise_n with_o their_o father_n and_o master_n trade_n what_o merchandise_n be_v fit_a for_o trade_n last_o they_o have_v observe_v that_o merchandise_n be_v proper_o to_o be_v make_v of_o all_o movable_a thing_n except_v holy_a thing_n and_o prohibit_v ware_n or_o munition_n to_o be_v carry_v unto_o infidel_n or_o enemy_n all_o which_o determination_n can_v give_v but_o little_a satisfaction_n to_o instruct_v merchant_n fold_n merchandise_n two_o fold_n plato_n say_v that_o merchandise_n be_v two_o fold_n namely_o ad_fw-la victum_fw-la &_o vestitum_fw-la of_o thing_n for_o the_o back_n and_o for_o the_o belly_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o of_o thing_n concern_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n as_o learn_v of_o music_n and_o other_o art_n buy_v for_o money_n and_o sell_v again_o to_o other_o for_o money_n and_o this_o distinction_n be_v in_o regard_n of_o man_n but_o far_o from_o that_o matter_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n which_o be_v comprehend_v under_o commutative_a justice_n whereof_o cicero_n speak_v let_v we_o therefore_o set_v down_o what_o a_o complete_a merchant_n ought_v to_o know_v concern_v the_o course_n of_o merchandise_v and_o withal_o declare_v the_o method_n observe_v in_o this_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n book_n the_o method_n of_o this_o book_n 1._o a_o merchant_n ought_v first_o to_o know_v the_o science_n of_o arithmetic_n and_o to_o observe_v the_o day_n and_o time_n in_o all_o his_o negotiation_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o year_n in_o all_o country_n and_o to_o calculate_v all_o thing_n orderly_o 2._o the_o several_a weight_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o country_n concern_v all_o commodity_n and_o the_o correspondence_n of_o they_o that_o there_o may_v be_v to_o he_o in_o effect_n but_o unum_fw-la pondus_fw-la &_o una_fw-la mensura_fw-la that_o be_v one_o weight_n and_o one_o measure_n 3._o the_o science_n of_o geometry_n and_o some_o inspection_n of_o cosmography_n and_o the_o mathematics_n thereby_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o country_n with_o their_o distance_n and_o spaciousness_n and_o the_o distinct_a dominion_n of_o prince_n by_o land_n and_o by_o sea_n with_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o duty_n for_o fish_v and_o otherwise_o 4._o to_o know_v the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n be_v commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n under_o which_o all_o the_o traffic_n and_o trade_n be_v perform_v in_o all_o country_n or_o by_o some_o of_o they_o because_o they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o commerce_n whereof_o the_o effect_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n receive_v and_o pay_v of_o money_n and_o deliver_v and_o take_v of_o money_n by_o exchange_n with_o their_o adjunct_n and_o accident_n in_o the_o say_a course_n of_o traffic_n 5._o to_o know_v also_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o all_o country_n either_o superficial_o for_o colour_n and_o beauty_n or_o substantial_o for_o quality_n and_o use_n as_o also_o the_o weight_n fineness_n and_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o all_o country_n with_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o exchange_n make_v by_o bill_n upon_o the_o imaginary_a money_n invent_v to_o make_v exchange_n between_o country_n and_o country_n 6._o the_o custom_n use_v in_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n for_o money_n or_o bill_n obligatorie_n or_o by_o way_n of_o commutation_n or_o barter_n 7._o the_o deliver_v of_o money_n at_o interest_n or_o upon_o botomary_a or_o upon_o life_n annuity_n or_o pension_n in_o nature_n of_o rent_n etc._n etc._n 8._o the_o freight_a and_o set_v forth_o of_o ship_n make_v of_o charter-party_n bill_n of_o lade_n invoice_n and_o covenant_n and_o contract_n as_o also_o the_o sea_n law_n to_o decide_v all_o question_n and_o controversy_n which_o fall_v out_o between_o merchant_n and_o
mariner_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n 9_o the_o custom_n subsidy_n imposition_n tribute_n and_o toll_v pay_v upon_o all_o the_o commodity_n import_v and_o export_v within_o the_o dominion_n of_o all_o prince_n 10._o the_o manner_n of_o make_v of_o assurance_n upon_o good_n ship_n the_o person_n of_o man_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n adventure_v by_o sea_n or_o by_o land_n and_o the_o custom_n observe_v therein_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n 11._o the_o keep_n of_o merchant_n account_n by_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n and_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o money_n whereby_o the_o say_v book_n of_o account_n be_v keep_v 12._o the_o authority_n and_o proceed_n of_o merchant_n court_n or_o prior_n and_o consul_n to_o decide_v their_o difference_n according_a to_o equity_n in_o place_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v or_o any_o other_o law_n imperial_a or_o common_a to_o some_o country_n whereby_o merchant_n controversy_n be_v determine_v with_o the_o course_n of_o attachment_n and_o sequestration_n or_o execution_n and_o final_a determination_n by_o arbitrator_n or_o judicial_a decree_n in_o any_o chancery_n or_o court_n of_o equity_n all_o these_o make_v the_o customary_a law_n of_o merchant_n have_v never_o be_v write_v by_o any_o civilian_n or_o philosopher_n merchant_n the_o customary_a law_n of_o merchant_n nor_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v of_o any_o author_n as_o be_v convenient_a for_o merchant_n whereupon_o i_o have_v with_o god_n assistance_n resolve_v to_o handle_v the_o same_o compendious_o and_o substantial_o in_o this_o book_n upon_o fifty_o year_n observation_n knowledge_n and_o experience_n and_o albeit_o that_o the_o sea_n law_n be_v comprehend_v therein_o whereby_o the_o proceed_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v promiscuous_o handle_v nevertheless_o the_o method_n be_v follow_v as_o near_o as_o the_o matter_n can_v afford_v according_a to_o the_o say_v three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n or_o the_o three_o simple_n of_o commodity_n money_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o hereafter_o may_v appear_v and_o this_o law_n of_o merchant_n hitherto_o observe_v in_o all_o country_n aught_o in_o regard_n of_o commerce_n to_o be_v esteem_v and_o hold_v in_o reputation_n as_o the_o law_n of_o twelve_o table_n be_v among_o the_o roman_n for_o herein_o you_o shall_v find_v every_o thing_n build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o reason_n and_o justice_n and_o know_v the_o foresay_a twelve_o point_n you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o please_v your_o own_o mind_n and_o give_v satisfaction_n of_o your_o sufficiency_n to_o other_o for_o the_o say_n be_v true_a melius_fw-la est_fw-la civitatem_fw-la ab_fw-la optima_fw-la lege_fw-la quam_fw-la ab_fw-la optimo_fw-la viro_fw-la gubernari_fw-la it_o be_v better_a to_o govern_v a_o city_n by_o a_o good_a law_n than_o by_o a_o good_a man_n and_o it_o be_v better_a for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o reason_n than_o by_o his_o own_o reason_n to_o seek_v to_o rule_v other_o final_o to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a i_o have_v abstract_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n upon_o all_o the_o precedent_a point_n and_o add_v they_o unto_o the_o follow_a chapter_n distinct_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n use_v the_o ordinary_a name_n of_o civilians_n in_o general_a without_o name_v any_o particular_a author_n to_o avoid_v ambiguity_n and_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n divide_v into_o three_o part_n according_a to_o the_o say_v three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n chap._n ii_o a_o observation_n concern_v time_n all_o man_n of_o judgement_n and_o understanding_n do_v know_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o necessary_a for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o history_n and_o diverse_a estate_n of_o the_o world_n than_o the_o observation_n of_o time_n without_o which_o great_a obscurity_n and_o error_n will_v be_v find_v in_o the_o action_n of_o man_n aswell_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n as_o in_o civil_a government_n where_o merchant_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n have_v the_o manage_n and_o dispose_n of_o the_o wealth_n of_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n so_o that_o it_o behove_v they_o to_o observe_v the_o year_n month_n week_n time_n merchant_n be_v to_o observe_v time_n and_o day_n and_o sometime_o the_o hour_n of_o their_o negotiation_n with_o the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o water_n the_o variation_n of_o wind_n and_o alteration_n of_o weather_n for_o storm_n at_o the_o sea_n and_o unseasonable_a time_n on_o land_n whereby_o the_o harvest_n do_v fail_v and_o commodity_n become_v to_o be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o and_o the_o price_n thereof_o dear_a or_o good_a cheap_a with_o many_o other_o consideration_n incident_a in_o the_o course_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n and_o in_o receive_v and_o pay_v of_o money_n to_o make_v a_o definition_n of_o time_n will_v in_o one_o respect_n be_v very_o difficult_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o time_n be_v inseparable_o conjoin_v with_o eternity_n but_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o attribute_n of_o time_n and_o do_v distinguish_v thing_n orderly_o we_o shall_v easy_o perceive_v what_o time_n be_v and_o make_v use_v thereof_o time_n the_o attribute_n of_o time_n time_n be_v the_o consumer_n of_o all_o thing_n tempus_fw-la edax_fw-la rerum_fw-la time_n be_v the_o discoverer_n of_o all_o thing_n veritas_fw-la filia_fw-la temporis_fw-la time_n be_v uncertain_a and_o want_v bound_n tempora_fw-la mutantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n time_n minute_n past_a no_o treasure_n can_v restore_v irrevocabile_fw-la tempus_fw-la time_n do_v pierce_v the_o hard_a flint_n gutta_n cavat_fw-la lapidem_fw-la non_fw-la vi_fw-la sed_fw-la sepe_fw-la cadendo_fw-la time_n have_v a_o salve_n for_o all_o extremity_n and_o yet_o beget_v usury_n time_n office_n be_v to_o end_v the_o hate_n of_o foe_n time_n glory_n be_v to_o calm_v contend_v king_n time_n be_v a_o tutor_n both_o to_o good_a and_o bad_a and_o do_v discover_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n time_n offer_v still_o each_o hour_n to_o do_v amiss_o time_n breed_v grief_n and_o heal_v when_o art_n do_v fail_v by_o time_n and_o wisdom_n passion_n be_v suppress_v in_o time_n small_a wedge_n cleave_v the_o hard_a oak_n time_n be_v the_o anchor_n both_o of_o truth_n and_o right_n time_n have_v set_v down_o the_o compass_n of_o his_o course_n time_n motion_n do_v equal_a the_o reel_a sun_n time_n measure_v our_o action_n time_n be_v the_o best_a governor_n of_o all_o our_o counsel_n time_n on_o the_o weary_a wretch_n bestow_v rest_n both_o life_n and_o love_n in_o time_n must_v have_v a_o end_n many_o more_o attribute_n may_v be_v bestow_v upon_o time_n but_o we_o shall_v find_v upon_o due_a consideration_n that_o time_n be_v but_o a_o distinction_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o between_o all_o thing_n concern_v the_o revolution_n of_o time_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o even_o as_o god_n the_o author_n and_o conserver_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o a_o comely_a and_o decent_a order_n time_n the_o revolution_n of_o time_n have_v appoint_v a_o succession_n and_o progress_n of_o time_n for_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o natural_a course_n thereof_o so_o have_v he_o appoint_v certain_a period_n and_o revolution_n of_o time_n wherein_o thing_n return_v to_o the_o same_o or_o like_o estate_n wherein_o they_o be_v before_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n all_o which_o be_v measure_v by_o time_n the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o the_o star_n to_o have_v their_o particular_a and_o distinct_a revolution_n wherein_o they_o accomplish_v their_o course_n and_o return_v after_o a_o limit_v and_o determinate_a space_n of_o time_n to_o the_o place_n from_o which_o they_o do_v depart_v the_o sun_n complete_n his_o course_n and_o revolution_n in_o 365_o day_n and_o almost_o six_o hour_n or_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o day_n as_o shall_v be_v declare_v which_o be_v that_o space_n of_o time_n which_o we_o call_v the_o year_n term_v annus_fw-la qui_fw-la annulus_fw-la annulus_fw-la annus_fw-la quasi_fw-la annulus_fw-la take_v the_o similitude_n from_o a_o ring_n which_o cause_v the_o egyption_n to_o make_v the_o figure_n thereof_o in_o their_o hierogliphic_n like_v unto_o a_o serpent_n bite_v his_o own_o tail_n the_o moon_n by_o her_o revolution_n in_o the_o sphere_n in_o 28_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o determinate_v unto_o we_o the_o month_n as_o the_o sun_n do_v the_o day_n and_o hour_n saturnus_n the_o planet_n make_v her_o revolution_n in_o 30_o year_n jupiter_n in_o 12._o year_n mars_n in_o two_o year_n and_o venus_n and_o mercury_n in_o 360_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o fix_a star_n have_v also_o their_o peculiar_a motion_n and_o revolution_n the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o which_o be_v both_o please_a and_o necessary_a unto_o judicious_a merchant_n and_o because_o time_n be_v