white-hall_n march_v 18._o 1690._o let_v this_o be_v print_v sidney_n a_o answer_n to_o the_o paper_n deliver_v by_o m_n r_o ashton_n at_o his_o execution_n to_o sir_n francis_n child_n sheriff_z of_o london_n etc._n etc._n together_o with_o the_o paper_n itself_o london_n print_v for_o robert_n clavell_n at_o the_o peacock_n in_o s._n paul_n churchyard_n 1690._o m_o r._n ashton_n paper_n mr._n sheriff_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o method_n of_o make_v speech_n at_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n be_v not_o always_o attend_v with_o the_o design_a success_n and_o think_v it_o better_a to_o employ_v my_o last_o minute_n in_o devotion_n and_o holy_a communion_n with_o my_o god_n i_o have_v prepare_v this_o paper_n to_o leave_v in_o your_o hand_n as_o well_o to_o assert_v my_o principle_n as_o to_o testify_v my_o innocency_n as_o to_o my_o religion_n i_o profess_v by_o god_n grace_n i_o die_v in_o the_o faith_n into_o which_o i_o be_v baptize_v that_o of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o who_o communion_n nothing_o doubt_v of_o my_o salvation_n through_o the_o merit_n of_o my_o saviour_n i_o have_v always_o think_v myself_o safe_a and_o happy_a according_a to_o her_o principle_n and_o late_a much_o esteem_v doctrine_n though_o now_o unhappy_o explode_v i_o have_v regulate_v my_o life_n believe_v myself_o oblige_v by_o my_o religion_n to_o look_v upon_o my_o rightful_a lawful_a prince_n whatever_o his_o principle_n be_v or_o his_o practice_n may_v be_v as_o god_n vicegerent_n and_o accountable_a if_o guilty_a of_o maladministration_n to_o god_n only_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v his_o power_n and_o always_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o church_n and_o the_o realm_n upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o let_v all_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n in_o this_o belief_n i_o die_v but_o i_o have_v more_o particular_a obligation_n to_o the_o king_n my_o master_n who_o i_o have_v have_v the_o honour_n to_o serve_v and_o receive_v many_o signal_n favour_n from_o he_o for_o sixteen_o year_n past_a so_o that_o gratitude_n a_o thing_n not_o much_o esteem_v at_o this_o time_n as_o well_o as_o duty_n and_o religion_n command_v the_o utmost_a service_n i_o can_v pay_v he_o and_o when_o i_o add_v these_o consideration_n that_o we_o be_v bear_v his_o liege_n subject_n that_o we_o have_v solemn_o profess_v our_o allegiance_n and_o often_o confirm_v it_o with_o oath_n that_o his_o majesty_n usage_n after_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n arrival_n be_v very_o hard_o severe_a and_o if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v unjust_a and_o that_o all_o the_o new_a method_n of_o settle_v this_o nation_n have_v hitherto_o make_v it_o more_o miserable_a poor_a and_o more_o expose_v to_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o the_o religion_n we_o pretend_v to_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o preserve_v now_o much_o more_o than_o ever_o likely_a to_o be_v destroy_v there_o seem_v to_o i_o no_o way_n to_o prevent_v the_o impend_a evil_n and_o save_v these_o nation_n from_o poverty_n and_o destruction_n but_o the_o call_v home_o our_o injure_v sovereign_a who_o as_o a_o true_a father_n of_o his_o country_n have_v notwithstanding_o all_o his_o provocation_n and_o injury_n a_o natural_a love_n and_o tenderness_n for_o all_o his_o subject_n and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o repine_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o my_o life_n that_o have_v i_o ten_o thousand_o i_o shall_v think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o sacrifice_v they_o all_o rather_o than_o omit_v any_o just_a and_o honest_a mean_n to_o promote_v so_o good_a and_o necessary_a a_o work_n and_o i_o advise_v and_o desire_v all_o my_o fellow_n subject_n to_o think_v of_o their_o duty_n and_o return_n to_o their_o allegiance_n before_o the_o severe_a judgement_n of_o god_n overtake_v they_o for_o their_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n but_o certain_o the_o good_a and_o interest_n of_o these_o nation_n abstract_v from_o all_o other_o consideration_n will_v ere_o long_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o necessity_n of_o do_v it_o have_v thus_o frank_o declare_v my_o principle_n i_o know_v the_o inference_n will_v be_v that_o i_o have_v act_v according_o and_o consequent_o thou_o be_o i_o now_o just_o condemn_v but_o as_o i_o ingenuous_o own_o the_o premise_n so_o as_o i_o positive_o deny_v the_o consequence_n for_o whatever_o my_o inclination_n or_o action_n have_v be_v yet_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n i_o be_v sentence_v to_o die_v for_o i_o declare_v myself_o innocent_a and_o will_v appeal_v even_o to_o the_o judge_n themselves_o whether_o or_o no_o upon_o my_o trial_n there_o appear_v the_o least_o proof_n that_o i_o know_v a_o tittle_n contain_v in_o the_o paper_n but_o presumption_n be_v with_o the_o jury_n think_v sufficient_a to_o find_v i_o guilty_a though_o i_o be_o tell_v i_o be_o the_o first_o man_n that_o ever_o be_v condemn_v for_o high_a treason_n upon_o bare_a suspicion_n or_o presumption_n and_o that_o contrary_a to_o my_o l._n coke_n and_o other_o eminent_a lawyer_n opinion_n the_o knowledge_n of_o my_o own_o innocency_n as_o to_o the_o indictment_n and_o charge_n against_o i_o be_v that_o that_o arm_a i_o with_o so_o much_o assurance_n and_o occasion_v my_o cast_v my_o life_n upon_o the_o first_o twelve_o man_n of_o the_o panel_n without_o challenge_v any_o but_o though_o i_o have_v i_o think_v just_a reason_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o severe_a charge_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o hard_a measure_n i_o have_v receive_v not_o to_o mention_v my_o close_a imprisonment_n the_o hasty_a and_o violent_a proceed_n against_o i_o nor_o the_o industry_n use_v in_o the_o return_n of_o fit_a person_n to_o pass_v upon_o i_o the_o deny_v i_o a_o copy_n of_o the_o panel_n etc._n etc._n yet_o as_o i_o hope_v for_o pardon_n and_o forgiveness_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o my_o god_n so_o do_v i_o most_o hearty_o pray_v for_o and_o forgive_v they_o and_o all_o my_o enemy_n all_o the_o world_n nay_o even_o that_o judge_n and_o juryman_n who_o do_v so_o signal_o contrary_a to_o common_a justice_n expose_v themselves_o to_o destroy_v i_o but_o let_v the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v do_v i_o rely_v whole_o upon_o his_o mercy_n and_o the_o merit_n of_o my_o bless_a saviour_n for_o salvation_n i_o do_v cheerful_o and_o entire_o resign_v myself_o into_o his_o hand_n as_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o faithful_a creator_n in_o sure_a and_o certain_a hope_n of_o a_o happy_a resurrection_n bless_v protect_v and_o strengthen_v o_o lord_n god_n my_o good_a and_o gracious_a king_n and_o master_n in_o thy_o due_a time_n let_v the_o virtue_n goodness_n and_o innocency_n of_o the_o queen_n my_o mistress_n make_v all_o her_o enemy_n blush_v and_o silence_v the_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a calumny_n that_o malice_n and_o envy_n have_v raise_v against_o she_o make_v she_o and_o these_o nation_n happy_a in_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n who_o from_o unanswerable_a and_o undoubted_a proof_n i_o know_v to_o be_v her_o son_n restore_v they_o all_o when_o thou_o see_v fit_a to_o their_o just_a right_n and_o on_o such_o a_o bottom_n as_o may_v support_v and_o establish_v the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o once_o more_o make_v she_o flourishe_v notwithstanding_o the_o wound_n she_o have_v receive_v of_o late_a from_o her_o prevaricate_a son_n forgive_v forgive_v o_o lord_n all_o my_o enemy_n bless_v all_o my_o friend_n comfort_n and_o support_v my_o dear_a afflict_a wife_n and_o poor_a babe_n be_v thou_o a_o husband_n and_o a_o father_n to_o they_o for_o their_o sake_n only_o i_o can_v have_v wish_v to_o live_v but_o pardon_v that_o wish_v o_o good_a god_n and_o take_v my_o soul_n into_o thy_o everlasting_a glory_n amen_n in_o o_o ashton_n the_o answer_n the_o paper_n which_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o mr._n ashton_n speech_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v compose_v with_o too_o much_o art_n and_o care_n to_o be_v the_o work_n of_o one_o who_o profess_v he_o think_v it_o better_a to_o employ_v his_o last_o minute_n in_o devotion_n and_o if_o he_o be_v so_o illiterate_a and_o unskilled_a in_o the_o law_n as_o he_o say_v at_o his_o trial_n fol._n 111._o one_o may_v just_o wonder_v not_o only_o at_o such_o term_n as_o impend_v prevaricate_a premise_n and_o consequènce_n etc._n etc._n but_o at_o such_o a_o peremptory_a judgement_n as_o he_o give_v about_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o a_o case_n that_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v by_o all_o ingenuous_a man_n of_o his_o own_o party_n to_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difficulty_n in_o it_o but_o there_o be_v some_o man_n who_o think_v to_o bear_v down_o all_o other_o by_o their_o confidence_n and_o will_v have_v it_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o the_o whole_a nation_n themselves_o except_v be_v under_o the_o guilt_n of_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n these_o be_v the_o modest_a term_n in_o this_o
speech_n which_o at_o least_o do_v not_o become_v the_o charity_n of_o one_o just_a go_v out_o of_o the_o world_n therefore_o i_o rather_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v draw_v up_o by_o some_o person_n of_o more_o art_n and_o leisure_n who_o think_v it_o best_a to_o convey_v their_o own_o sentiment_n as_o they_o call_v they_o under_o the_o more_o popular_a name_n of_o one_o who_o suffer_v for_o their_o cause_n but_o the_o weight_n of_o what_o be_v say_v do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o person_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v calm_o and_o impartial_o consider_v the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o show_v how_o unjust_a and_o unreasonable_a the_o insinuation_n be_v which_o respect_n the_o present_a government_n and_o all_o such_o who_o act_n in_o obedience_n to_o it_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n this_o paper_n be_v say_v to_o be_v design_v for_o to_o assert_v his_o principle_n and_o to_o testify_v his_o innocency_n for_o his_o principle_n he_o profess_v that_o he_o die_v in_o the_o faith_n and_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o he_o may_v have_v live_v long_o in_o both_o if_o he_o have_v please_v for_o i_o can_v see_v how_o the_o faith_n and_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n oblige_v he_o to_o do_v that_o for_o which_o he_o suffer_v but_o by_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n he_o mean_v the_o doctrine_n of_o passive_a obedience_n be_v it_o so_o however_o he_o suffer_v not_o for_o his_o passive_a obedience_n but_o for_o the_o want_n of_o it_o if_o he_o have_v regulate_v his_o life_n by_o this_o principle_n he_o have_v preserve_v it_o yet_o he_o say_v he_o do_v so_o and_o die_v for_o it_o there_o must_v be_v certain_o then_o some_o great_a mistake_n about_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o our_o church_n i_o always_o think_v those_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o article_n and_o constitution_n of_o it_o which_o of_o these_o do_v he_o suffer_v for_o they_o be_v he_o say_v her_o principle_n and_o late_a much_o esteem_v doctrine_n though_o now_o unhappy_o explode_v i_o know_v of_o no_o doctrine_n or_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n which_o be_v explode_v among_o we_o and_o therefore_o this_o be_v unhappy_o insist_v on_o by_o a_o die_a man_n unless_o he_o have_v give_v some_o proof_n of_o it_o well_o but_o he_o believe_v himself_o oblige_v by_o his_o religion_n to_o look_v upon_o his_o rightful_a lawful_a prince_n whatever_o his_o principle_n be_v or_o his_o practice_n may_v be_v as_o god_n vicegerent_n and_o accountable_a to_o god_n only_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v his_o power_n all_o this_o he_o may_v have_v do_v and_o have_v be_v alive_a still_o for_o the_o matter_n in_o dispute_n be_v not_o whether_o rightful_a lawful_a king_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v but_o who_o in_o our_o present_a circumstance_n be_v our_o rightful_a lawful_a sovereign_n not_o whether_o king_n be_v not_o god_n vicegerent_n '_o but_o whether_o god_n do_v not_o sometime_o confer_v the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n by_o a_o law_n superior_a to_o the_o law_n of_o particular_a country_n that_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o establish_v such_o a_o right_n upon_o the_o success_n of_o a_o just_a war_n not_o whether_o sovereign_a prince_n be_v not_o accountable_a only_o to_o god_n but_o whether_o allegiance_n be_v not_o due_a where_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v place_v by_o a_o extraordinary_a act_n of_o providence_n and_o the_o concurrent_a consent_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o he_o go_v on_o and_o always_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o church_n and_o the_o realm_n upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o let_v all_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n in_o this_o belief_n i_o die_v i_o have_v much_o rathor_n have_v take_v notice_n that_o in_o this_o belief_n he_o live_v for_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n of_o his_o die_v for_o it_o for_o why_o must_v a_o man_n be_v say_v to_o die_v for_o not_o take_v up_o arm_n who_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v for_o a_o design_n just_o contrary_a viz._n for_o the_o subvert_v the_o present_a government_n by_o domestic_a insurrection_n and_o foreign_a power_n so_o that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o about_o passive_a obedience_n but_o to_o who_o it_o be_v due_a i_o grant_v that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o of_o the_o realm_n be_v to_o determine_v the_o measure_n of_o our_o obedience_n but_o here_o lie_v the_o only_a point_n whether_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n may_v not_o be_v transfer_v by_o the_o success_n of_o a_o just_a war_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n for_o if_o they_o may_v then_o according_a to_o his_o own_o principle_n he_o suffer_v just_o and_o if_o the_o director_n of_o his_o conscience_n do_v not_o speak_v to_o this_o point_n they_o lead_v he_o into_o a_o dangerous_a error_n and_o have_v be_v too_o much_o the_o occasion_n of_o his_o suffering_n therefore_o to_o clear_v this_o whole_a matter_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a mistake_v in_o other_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o state_n the_o present_a case_n of_o our_o government_n so_o as_o to_o show_v both_o that_o it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o submit_v to_o it_o and_o that_o no_o principle_n or_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v violate_v thereby_o to_o do_v this_o we_o must_v of_o necessity_n look_v back_o to_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o great_a revolution_n and_o there_o be_v two_o principal_a occasion_n of_o it_o first_o great_a and_o violent_a presumption_n of_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n second_o too_o great_a evidence_n of_o a_o form_a design_n to_o subvert_v the_o establish_a religion_n and_o civil_a liberty_n of_o the_o nation_n now_o there_o be_v two_o very_a material_a question_n which_o arise_v from_o hence_o first_o whether_o these_o be_v the_o just_a occasion_n of_o a_o war_n second_o whether_o upon_o the_o success_n of_o this_o war_n the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v due_o transfer_v if_o these_o be_v just_a occasion_n of_o a_o war_n and_o upon_o the_o success_n thereof_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v due_o transfer_v then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o dispute_n leave_v to_o who_o our_o allegiance_n be_v due_a it_o be_v take_v for_o grant_v by_o all_o who_o understand_v these_o matter_n that_o as_o there_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o determine_v the_o right_n and_o property_n of_o particular_a nation_n and_o that_o all_o private_a person_n be_v bind_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o those_o society_n for_o their_o peace_n and_o security_n so_o there_o be_v other_o law_n which_o concern_v those_o nation_n as_o they_o make_v up_o several_a independent_a government_n upon_o each_o other_o and_o there_o be_v several_a right_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o with_o respect_n to_o one_o another_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o private_a person_n as_o they_o live_v in_o subjection_n to_o any_o particular_a government_n and_o as_o there_o be_v such_o right_n so_o there_o must_v be_v a_o just_a and_o lawful_a way_n for_o reparation_n of_o injury_n in_o particular_a government_n the_o thing_n be_v plain_a by_o establish_a law_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n who_o sentence_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n but_o in_o separate_a nation_n and_o independent_a government_n although_o there_o be_v law_n by_o consent_n call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o common_a judicature_n to_o determine_v of_o right_n and_o wrong_n and_o therefore_o in_o case_n of_o injury_n there_o be_v a_o allowance_n for_o the_o injure_a party_n by_o this_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o right_n himself_o by_o force_n as_o there_o will_v be_v to_o every_o particular_a person_n if_o there_o be_v no_o law_n nor_o power_n to_o see_v they_o execute_v there_o be_v then_o a_o right_n in_o every_o sovereign_n and_o independent_a prince_n to_o exercise_v force_n against_o another_o prince_n who_o detain_v any_o right_n from_o he_o or_o do_v any_o injury_n to_o he_o or_o to_o those_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o defend_v the_o question_n than_o come_v to_o the_o just_a occasion_n of_o such_o a_o war_n and_o here_o be_v two_o assign_v first_o great_a and_o violent_a presumption_n of_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n this_o be_v express_o mention_v and_o insist_v on_o in_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o then_o prince_n of_o orange_n our_o present_a king_n in_o these_o word_n but_o to_o crown_v all_o there_o be_v great_a and_o violent_a presumption_n induce_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o those_o evil_a counsellor_n in_o order_n to_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o their_o ill_a design_n and_o to_o the_o gain_n to_o themselves_o the_o more_o time_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o they_o for_o the_o encourage_v their_o complice_n and_o for_o the_o discourage_a of_o all_o good_a
subject_n have_v publish_v that_o the_o queen_n have_v bring_v forth_o a_o son_n though_o there_o have_v appear_v both_o during_o the_o queen_n pretend_a bigness_n and_o in_o the_o manner_n in_o which_o the_o birth_n be_v manage_v so_o many_o just_a and_o visible_a ground_n of_o suspicion_n that_o not_o only_o we_o ourselves_o but_o all_o the_o good_a subject_n of_o these_o kingdom_n do_v vehement_o suspect_v that_o the_o pretend_a prince_n of_o wales_n be_v not_o bear_v of_o the_o queen_n and_o it_o be_v notorious_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n that_o many_o both_o doubt_a of_o the_o queen_n bigness_n and_o of_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o child_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o thing_n do_v to_o satisfy_v they_o and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o doubt_n and_o since_o our_o dear_a and_o most_o entire_o belove_v consort_n the_o princess_n and_o likewise_o we_o ourselves_o have_v so_o great_a a_o interest_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o such_o a_o right_a as_o all_o the_o 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himself_o in_o the_o vindication_n of_o both_o and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n it_o be_v not_o think_v disagreeable_a to_o they_o for_o q_o elisabeth_n to_o assist_v the_o dutch_a against_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n yet_o she_o have_v no_o such_o reason_n for_o it_o as_o our_o king_n and_o queen_n have_v to_o prevent_v the_o suppression_n of_o their_o own_o religion_n here_o and_o the_o right_n of_o that_o people_n to_o who_o they_o be_v so_o near_o relate_v for_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o her_o case_n so_o considerable_a as_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o danger_n of_o overturning_a the_o religious_a and_o 16._o civil_a liberty_n of_o a_o neighbour_n people_n the_o queen_n professor_n of_o law_n in_o oxford_n at_o that_o time_n say_v that_o it_o be_v then_o make_v a_o question_n by_o some_o whether_o q._n elis._n have_v just_a reason_n for_o that_o war_n in_o assistance_n of_o the_o 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archbishop_n laud._n let_v those_o who_o now_o with_o as_o much_o ignorance_n as_o confidence_n upbraid_v man_n with_o renounce_v the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n read_v and_o consider_v these_o passage_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n will_v make_v they_o more_o wise_a and_o humble_a this_o will_n do_v archbishop_n laud_n go_v off_o from_o the_o church_n of_o england_n or_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o who_o both_o suffer_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o it_o but_o some_o man_n have_v never_o thorough_o penetrate_v into_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o our_o church_n but_o look_v only_o on_o some_o principle_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o late_a time_n of_o rebellion_n and_o think_v there_o be_v nothing_o far_a to_o be_v look_v after_o whereas_o the_o consideration_n be_v very_o different_a as_o to_o our_o duty_n with_o respect_n to_o our_o own_o prince_n and_o those_o of_o a_o more_o general_a concernment_n as_o to_o the_o state_n of_o religion_n and_o government_n in_o the_o world_n but_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o be_v then_o think_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o a_o duty_n to_o prevent_v the_o dangerous_a growth_n of_o such_o a_o monarchy_n which_o design_n to_o suppress_v religion_n and_o civil_a liberty_n and_o not_o only_o to_o give_v assistance_n to_o those_o who_o join_v in_o the_o same_o design_n but_o to_o pray_v god_n to_o bless_v and_o prosper_v it_o and_o according_o a_o form_n of_o prayer_n be_v then_o appoint_v for_o those_o dangerous_a time_n not_o long_o after_o this_o a_o breach_n with_o france_n happen_v and_o the_o king_n publish_v a_o declaration_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o war_n wherein_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o as_o the_o first_o ground_n that_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n conspire_v the_o ruin_n of_o all_o those_o
of_o the_o reform_a religion_n as_o plain_o appear_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o germany_n have_v such_o a_o influence_n on_o the_o council_n of_o france_n as_o to_o make_v they_o break_v promise_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o whole_a party_n in_o germany_n the_o next_o be_v that_o he_o have_v break_v his_o article_n with_o his_o protestant_a subject_n when_o he_o have_v be_v a_o mediator_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o and_o they_o have_v do_v nothing_o to_o violate_v they_o so_o that_o a_o design_n to_o suppress_v the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o a_o neighbour_n country_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o just_a cause_n of_o war_n when_o he_o be_v concern_v to_o preserve_v it_o and_o then_o another_o form_n of_o prayer_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v use_v suitable_a to_o that_o occasion_n which_o plain_o evidence_n that_o such_o a_o design_n be_v no_o way_n think_v repugnant_a to_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n but_o since_o the_o french_a conduct_n seem_v to_o be_v now_o admire_v by_o this_o sort_n of_o man_n i_o shall_v bring_v some_o remarkable_a instance_n from_o they_o it_o be_v notorious_a to_o the_o world_n what_o powerful_a assistance_n the_o french_a give_v to_o the_o confederate_a prince_n of_o germany_n against_o the_o emperor_n their_o lawful_a prince_n and_o what_o defence_n they_o make_v for_o this_o they_o publish_v a_o account_n to_o the_o world_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o and_o the_o chief_a be_v this_o 117._o viz._n that_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o suspect_v that_o from_o charles_n the_o five_o time_n the_o difference_n of_o religion_n have_v be_v secret_o support_v by_o the_o emperor_n in_o order_n to_o their_o make_a themselves_o absolute_a and_o that_o the_o change_a the_o form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o empire_n be_v sufficient_a for_o a_o neighbour_n prince_n to_o interpose_v by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o the_o revolt_n of_o catalonia_n from_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n their_o lawful_a prince_n the_o french_a king_n accept_v of_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o they_o be_v offer_v he_o by_o the_o state_n of_o that_o country_n and_o cause_v discourse_n to_o be_v write_v in_o justification_n of_o their_o transfer_v their_o allegiance_n and_o yet_o their_o complaint_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o spanish_a government_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o some_o great_a liberty_n than_o they_o enjoy_v under_o it_o why_o then_o shall_v it_o be_v now_o think_v a_o unjust_a thing_n for_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n so_o near_o relate_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o espouse_v the_o cause_n of_o our_o religion_n and_o civil_a interest_n when_o the_o design_n be_v so_o apparent_a for_o the_o suppress_v they_o if_o that_o opportunity_n have_v be_v lose_v they_o may_v before_o this_o time_n have_v be_v past_o all_o reasonable_a hope_n of_o recovery_n ii_o but_o suppose_v this_o be_v allow_v yet_o here_o be_v another_o difficulty_n arise_v concern_v the_o transfer_v allegiance_n from_o a_o lawful_a prince_n to_o he_o that_o meet_v with_o unexpected_a success_n in_o his_o design_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o this_o be_v not_o against_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n if_o we_o allow_v the_o church_n of_o england_n to_o have_v declare_v its_o sense_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o government_n it_o can_v only_o be_v with_o respect_n to_o subject_n but_o i_o think_v the_o measure_n of_o our_o obedience_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n but_o from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o in_o all_o country_n where_o the_o same_o religion_n be_v profess_v as_o be_v plain_a in_o the_o case_n of_o france_n and_o poland_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o different_a measure_n in_o these_o country_n be_v not_o from_o the_o church_n but_o from_o the_o different_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n can_v alter_v the_o fundamental_a law_n for_o the_o church_n only_o enforce_v the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n on_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n but_o it_o do_v not_o prescribe_v or_o limit_v the_o bound_n of_o it_o whether_o our_o monarchy_n be_v absolute_a or_o limit_v or_o if_o limit_a whether_o in_o its_o exercise_n of_o power_n or_o in_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n how_o far_o the_o limitation_n give_v a_o right_a of_o resistance_n in_o case_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o it_o be_v nice_a question_n but_o not_o to_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n but_o by_o our_o legal_a constitution_n and_o the_o general_n reason_n of_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o in_o such_o case_n where_o the_o right_a of_o war_n and_o a_o foreign_a power_n be_v concern_v we_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v mere_o by_o municipal_a law_n but_o we_o be_v to_o proceed_v by_o a_o more_o general_a law_n viz._n that_o of_o nation_n which_o take_v in_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o just_a war_n which_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o a_o country_n have_v nâ—_n regard_n to_o but_o where_o have_v the_o church_n of_o england_n declare_v its_o sense_n about_o the_o right_n of_o war_n the_o article_n of_o our_o church_n declare_v that_o the_o chief_a government_n of_o all_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n but_o they_o no_o where_o say_v that_o in_o a_o just_a war_n the_o supreme_a power_n can_v be_v acquire_v or_o that_o god_n do_v never_o confer_v it_o in_o a_o extraordinary_a method_n the_o book_n of_o homily_n be_v very_o severe_a against_o disobedience_n and_o wilful_a rebellion_n but_o it_o be_v no_o where_o say_v that_o where_o the_o right_a of_o sovereignty_n be_v transfer_v by_o a_o successful_a war_n there_o be_v no_o allegiance_n due_a to_o those_o who_o possess_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o first_o part_n that_o if_o god_n for_o their_o wickedness_n have_v give_v they_o a_o heathen_a tyrant_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o they_o be_v by_o god_n word_n bind_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o to_o pray_v for_o he_o can_v it_o then_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o our_o church_n to_o refuse_v allegiance_n to_o good_a religious_a prince_n who_o god_n have_v make_v the_o happy_a instrument_n of_o preserve_v our_o religion_n and_o liberty_n in_o the_o same_o part_n the_o jew_n be_v commend_v for_o pray_v for_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n when_o they_o be_v in_o captivity_n that_o they_o may_v live_v under_o his_o protection_n and_o do_v he_o service_n and_o find_v favour_n in_o his_o sight_n and_o what_o be_v this_o short_a of_o allegiance_n to_o one_o who_o have_v nothing_o but_o bare_a success_n in_o war_n to_o plead_v for_o his_o title_n to_o it_o if_o any_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o religion_n have_v rescue_v they_o from_o that_o captivity_n will_v they_o have_v scruple_v allegiance_n to_o they_o when_o we_o see_v how_o far_o the_o maccabee_n go_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o law_n in_o the_o second_o part_n the_o obedience_n of_o the_o jewish_a nation_n to_o augustus_n be_v commend_v and_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n over_o they_o but_o by_o the_o right_n of_o war._n and_o our_o bless_a saviour_n example_n be_v mention_v who_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o roman_a precedent_n acknowledge_v his_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o be_v give_v he_o from_o god_n and_o how_o be_v this_o authority_n convey_v to_o he_o but_o by_o the_o success_n of_o war_n so_o that_o we_o can_v find_v nothing_o in_o the_o certain_a establish_a doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o our_o church_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o our_o allegiance_n to_o the_o present_a government_n i_o may_v easy_o produce_v considerable_a testimony_n of_o some_o of_o the_o great_a divine_n of_o our_o church_n which_o assert_v that_o soverignty_n may_v be_v transfer_v by_o a_o just_a war_n but_o i_o leave_v that_o to_o other_o and_o proceed_v mr_n ashton_n say_v that_o we_o be_v bear_v liege_n subject_n to_o another_o that_o we_o have_v solemn_o profess_v our_o allegiance_n and_o often_o confirm_v it_o with_o oath_n i_o know_v no_o body_n deny_v it_o but_o be_v this_o all_o be_v our_o allegiance_n so_o inseparable_a from_o the_o person_n we_o have_v once_o swear_v to_o that_o no_o case_n whatsoever_o can_v alter_v it_o not_o the_o case_n of_o plain_a voluntary_a dereliction_n not_o the_o case_n of_o put_v the_o kingdom_n under_o a_o foreign_a power_n not_o the_o seek_v the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n be_v allegiance_n inseparable_a in_o these_o case_n because_o we_o be_v bear_v subject_n and_o do_v swear_v allegiance_n if_o not_o than_o it_o be_v not_o always_o so_o notwithstanding_o the_o oath_n for_o
better_o become_v a_o die_a man_n to_o judge_v more_o charitable_o of_o his_o fellow_n subject_n have_v he_o never_o hear_v of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n require_v allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n on_o account_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o our_o most_o eminent_a lawyer_n in_o peaceable_a and_o quiet_a time_n have_v be_v of_o that_o opinion_n methinks_v at_o least_o that_o shall_v make_v modest_a man_n not_o so_o peremptory_a in_o such_o a_o charge_n for_o it_o be_v to_o make_v such_o a_o oath_n unlawful_a which_o the_o law_n make_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o a_o duty_n and_o when_o the_o great_a lawyer_n this_o nation_n have_v have_v think_v this_o a_o part_n of_o our_o law_n shall_v such_o who_o confess_v themselves_o unskilful_a in_o the_o law_n charge_v the_o nation_n with_o perjury_n for_o take_v a_o oath_n which_o the_o law_n require_v but_o if_o our_o law_n do_v not_o require_v it_o there_o be_v such_o a_o general_a consent_n in_o mankind_n about_o it_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n shall_v follow_v possession_n because_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v infinite_a snare_n to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o such_o who_o be_v require_v to_o obey_v but_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o right_n of_o war._n be_v it_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n in_o the_o new_a french_a conquest_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o take_v oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o french_a king_n if_o not_o how_o come_v it_o to_o be_v so_o here_o be_v there_o not_o the_o same_o right_n of_o war_n here_o as_o abroad_o be_v it_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n in_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o portugal_n to_o take_v a_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o braganza_n when_o he_o be_v declare_v king_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v all_o swear_v before_o not_o only_o to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n and_o even_o the_o duke_n himself_o have_v not_o only_o take_v this_o oath_n but_o the_o spaniard_n particular_o charge_v he_o with_o perjury_n and_o great_a ingratitude_n yet_o the_o obligation_n to_o his_o country_n good_a be_v then_o think_v to_o over-rule_v that_o personal_a obligation_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n but_o if_o they_o be_v all_o guilty_a of_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n how_o come_v the_o other_o prince_n of_o europe_n so_o frank_o and_o ready_o to_o own_o his_o government_n and_o the_o french_a as_o much_o and_o as_o early_o as_o any_o send_v assistance_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n to_o support_v it_o but_o in_o this_o revolution_n of_o portugal_n the_o best_a title_n be_v the_o success_n of_o war_n sound_v on_o a_o remote_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n when_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v enjoy_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o crown_n to_o the_o three_o generation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o other_o people_n be_v to_o be_v no_o rule_n â—o_o we_o and_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o bad_a precedent_n abroad_o but_o by_o the_o principle_n and_o doctrine_n of_o our_o own_o church_n this_o be_v to_o the_o purpose_n if_o our_o church_n have_v any_o where_o declare_v take_v such_o a_o oath_n to_o be_v perjury_n but_o where_o be_v that_o do_v i_o confess_v i_o can_v find_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o if_o mr_n ashton_n or_o his_o friend_n have_v make_v such_o a_o discovery_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v tell_v the_o world_n of_o it_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o declaration_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o than_o we_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o general_n rule_n of_o conscience_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o mankind_n according_a to_o which_o i_o see_v no_o ground_n for_o this_o heavy_a charge_n of_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n in_o our_o present_a case_n but_o although_o mr._n ashton_n be_v so_o abundant_o satisfy_v in_o the_o design_n he_o mention_n that_o if_o he_o have_v ten_o thousand_o life_n he_o will_v sacrifice_v they_o all_o in_o so_o good_a and_o necessary_a a_o work_n yet_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o speech_n be_v spend_v in_o clear_v his_o innocency_n as_o to_o the_o fact_n for_o which_o he_o be_v condemn_v if_o it_o be_v so_o meritorious_a a_o act_n to_o die_v in_o such_o a_o cause_n a_o man_n may_v have_v be_v tempt_v to_o be_v think_v guilty_a but_o before_o he_o can_v think_v fit_a to_o die_v in_o charity_n with_o all_o the_o world_n he_o say_v several_a thing_n with_o a_o design_n to_o blacken_v the_o judge_n the_o jury_n and_o the_o government_n the_o judge_n he_o accuse_v of_o a_o severe_a charge_n and_o the_o hard_a measure_n he_o receive_v as_o to_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v a_o very_a odd_a kind_n of_o hard_a measure_n when_o he_o be_v so_o very_o little_a sensible_a of_o it_o then_o that_o he_o say_v he_o do_v not_o complain_v of_o the_o court_n foe_z 112._o and_o more_o full_o afterward_o foe_n 115._o i_o can_v but_o own_o i_o have_v have_v a_o fair_a trial_n for_o my_o life_n where_o be_v the_o hard_a measure_n then_o therefore_o this_o can_v not_o be_v mr._n ashton_n sense_n unless_o he_o will_v contradict_v himself_o and_o those_o who_o will_v free_v he_o from_o it_o must_v take_v these_o word_n to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o other_o who_o think_v to_o serve_v another_o end_n by_o it_o and_o be_v not_o so_o near_o give_v a_o account_n for_o such_o calumny_n the_o severity_n of_o the_o charge_n lie_v in_o apply_v the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o to_o his_o fact_n which_o be_v a_o design_n to_o carry_v into_o france_n a_o treasonable_a scheme_n and_o project_n of_o a_o invasion_n in_o order_n to_o the_o depose_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n this_o last_o the_o judge_n declare_v have_v be_v always_o hold_v to_o be_v high-treason_n all_o the_o question_n be_v then_o whether_o such_o a_o fact_n be_v a_o overt-act_n of_o such_o a_o design_n and_o so_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o jury_n whether_o mr._n ashton_n intend_v to_o go_v over_o with_o such_o a_o design_n or_o not_o if_o there_o be_v any_o severity_n here_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o law_n and_o that_o all_o those_o who_o suffer_v by_o a_o law_n be_v apt_a to_o complain_v of_o he_o particular_o charge_v that_o judge_n and_o that_o juryman_n who_o do_v he_o say_v signal_o contrary_a to_o common_a justice_n expose_v themselves_o to_o destroy_v he_o this_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a charge_n from_o a_o die_a man_n and_o aught_o to_o have_v great_a evidence_n to_o reconcile_v it_o to_o common_a charity_n but_o he_o offer_v none_o the_o jury_n be_v to_o act_n according_a to_o their_o conscience_n and_o if_o they_o do_v so_o how_o can_v they_o expose_v themselves_o contrary_a to_o common_a justice_n to_o destroy_v he_o but_o what_o evidence_n do_v he_o give_v that_o they_o do_v not_o so_o some_o have_v tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o be_v ever_o condemn_v for_o high_a treason_n upon_o bare_a suspicion_n or_o presumption_n and_o that_o contrary_a to_o my_o lord_n cook_n and_o other_o eminent_a lawyer_n opinion_n the_o main_a point_n as_o to_o the_o jury_n be_v whether_o they_o be_v satisfy_v in_o their_o conscience_n that_o mr._n ashton_n intend_v to_o go_v into_o france_n with_o such_o a_o design_n and_o where_o the_o fact_n lie_v in_o the_o intention_n there_o can_v be_v no_o direct_a evidence_n without_o see_v the_o heaâ—t_n but_o it_o must_v be_v gather_v from_o a_o concurrence_n of_o circumstance_n strong_a enough_o to_o determine_v a_o honest_a man_n judgement_n and_o such_o the_o jury_n believe_v to_o be_v in_o his_o case_n my_o lord_n cook_n word_n be_v on_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n that_o the_o compass_v intent_n or_o imagination_n tho'_o secret_a be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o peer_n and_o to_o be_v discover_v by_o circumstance_n precedent_n concomitant_a and_o subsequent_a with_o all_o endeavour_n evermore_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v true_a he_o say_v afterward_o fol._n 1â—_n that_o conjectural_a presumption_n or_o inference_n or_o strain_n of_o wit_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o there_o must_v be_v good_a and_o manifest_a proof_n but_o still_o this_o proof_n must_v be_v such_o as_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o direct_a and_o plain_a proof_n of_o a_o secret_a intention_n either_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v be_v just_o condemn_v for_o a_o secret_a intention_n manifest_v by_o a_o overt-act_n or_o there_o must_v be_v such_o a_o proof_n allow_v as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v a_o man_n conscience_n although_o it_o come_v not_o up_o to_o plain_a and_o direct_a evidence_n as_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o presumption_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o presumption_n lie_v in_o judge_v