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or_o fellowship_n be_v 26._o knight_n and_o when_o any_o of_o they_o die_v another_o be_v choose_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o company_n the_o sovereign_n of_o the_o order_n be_v the_o king_n of_o england_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n this_o order_n be_v dedicate_v to_o s._n george_n as_o the_o advocate_n of_o those_o knight_n the_o custom_n be_v long_o that_o these_o knight_n yearly_o hold_v a_o feast_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o windsor_n where_o be_v also_o the_o church_n found_v by_o the_o same_o king_n edward_n who_o likewise_o give_v great_a stipend_n to_o certain_a priest_n to_o serve_v there_o it_o be_v not_o common_o know_v what_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o move_v the_o king_n to_o make_v this_o order_n but_o thus_o have_v i_o hear_v it_o vulgar_o report_v that_o king_n edward_n dance_v with_o the_o queen_n and_o other_o lady_n of_o his_o court_n take_v up_o a_o garter_n that_o happen_v to_o fall_v from_o one_o of_o they_o whereat_o some_o of_o the_o lord_n smile_v the_o 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vsher._n the_o statute_n of_o this_o great_a order_n be_v remain_v with_o the_o say_a master_n garter_n a_o gentleman_n very_o studious_a in_o his_o faculty_n and_o careful_a to_o preserve_v the_o record_n belong_v unto_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n from_o he_o i_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o these_o knight_n of_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o garter_n which_o i_o find_v in_o a_o ancient_a book_n of_o his_o write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n the_o first_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n king_n edward_z sovereign_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n his_o son_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n the_o capteine_a de_fw-fr buch._n the_o earl_n of_o stafford_n the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n the_o lord_n mortimer_n sir_n john_n lisle_n sir_n bartholomew_n de_fw-fr bourchesh_n sir_n john_n bewchamp_n the_o lord_n of_o mahun_n sir_n hugh_n courtney_n sir_n thomas_n de_fw-fr holland_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr grey_n sir_n richard_n fitzsimond_n sir_n miles_n stapleton_n sir_n thomas_n walle_n sir_n hugh_n wortesley_n sir_n neel_n loring_n sir_n john_n chandos_n sir_n james_n dande_o sir_n 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr holang_n sir_n henry_n eme._n sir_n fauchet_n de_fw-fr prichcourt_n sir_n walter_n pavel_o the_o name_n of_o those_o that_o be_v present_o of_o the_o same_o most_o noble_a order_n the_o queen_n of_o england_n sovereign_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o duke_n casemirus_fw-la the_o vice_n conte_n montacute_n the_o earl_n of_o shrewsburie_n earl_n martial_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n of_o honsdon_n lord_n chamberlein_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n the_o earl_n of_o hontingdon_n the_o lord_n bourleigh_n lord_n threasurer_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n grey_n the_o earl_n of_o derby_n the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n the_o l._n howard_n of_o effingham_n l._n admiral_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n cobham_n
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2._o it_o happen_v the_o imperial_a seat_n be_v void_a the_o elector_n name_v unto_o that_o dignity_n two_o prince_n not_o by_o general_a consent_n but_o by_o division_n of_o voice_n the_o one_o party_n choose_v alfonso_n king_n of_o spain_n the_o other_o richard_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n these_o prince_n claim_v the_o empire_n the_o one_o challenge_v the_o other_o to_o try_v the_o right_n by_o combat_n whereupon_o grow_v a_o question_n whether_o person_n of_o so_o high_a calling_n ought_v be_v admit_v to_o fight_v in_o combat_n thereunto_o be_v say_v that_o forsomuch_o as_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v get_v by_o arm_n and_o virtue_n and_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o all_o justice_n rest_v in_o arm_n it_o seem_v a_o empire_n in_o that_o sort_n gain_v to_o be_v more_o honourable_a than_o if_o it_o be_v give_v by_o election_n beside_o that_o in_o such_o trial_n the_o victorious_a enjoy_v it_o by_o divine_a judgement_n and_o for_o 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and_o effusion_n of_o blood_n it_o seem_v very_o reasonable_a that_o two_o prince_n make_v claim_n ought_v be_v admit_v to_o trial_n of_o arm_n so_o long_o as_o no_o other_o title_n or_o interest_n appear_v whether_o a_o king_n may_v challenge_v a_o emperor_n to_o combat_n cap._n 3._o the_o ancient_a emperor_n of_o room_n be_v of_o so_o great_a puissance_n and_o have_v under_o they_o so_o many_o monarchy_n and_o kingdom_n as_o well_o near_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v unto_o they_o subject_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o those_o age_n be_v repute_v either_o subject_n vassal_n or_o tributary_n unto_o the_o emperor_n in_o which_o respect_n it_o be_v think_v unfit_a that_o the_o emperor_n shall_v vouchsafe_v to_o fight_v with_o any_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o what_o state_n or_o quality_n soever_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o the_o honour_n and_o respect_v bear_v towards_o they_o be_v excessive_a because_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v call_v the_o emperor_n lord_n of_o the_o world_n affirm_v he_o have_v jurisdiction_n over_o king_n and_o all_o prince_n yea_o there_o want_v not_o of_o those_o that_o have_v name_v he_o god_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v refuse_v to_o fight_v in_o combat_n with_o any_o king_n or_o other_o potentate_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o dignity_n and_o title_n of_o king_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o that_o of_o emperor_n and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o like_a sovereignty_n over_o man_n for_o well_o we_o know_v that_o aeneas_n romulus_n &_o numa_n govern_v in_o room_n many_o and_o many_o year_n before_o that_o julius_n caesar_n usurp_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n nevertheless_o lancislao_n king_n of_o hungary_n challenge_v the_o emperor_n be_v repulse_v as_o unworthy_a it_o happen_v also_o that_o another_o king_n contend_v with_o the_o emperor_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o polonia_n the_o say_a king_n do_v challenge_v the_o emperor_n to_o combat_n as_o 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and_o not_o subject_a unto_o the_o empire_n or_o any_o other_o potentate_n may_v refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o any_o person_n be_v a_o subject_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o prince_n duke_z or_o marquize_n here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o title_n of_o honour_n be_v at_o the_o first_o give_v in_o office_n as_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n be_v proper_a unto_o he_o that_o be_v a_o general_n of_o the_o army_n a_o marquize_n be_v he_o unto_o who_o the_o confine_n or_o march_n of_o a_o country_n or_o kingdom_n be_v commit_v a_o earl_n or_o count_n be_v a_o judge_n or_o commander_n in_o peace_n and_o of_o they_o in_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n service_n be_v diverse_a as_o the_o countess_n palantine_n be_v as_o steward_n of_o the_o emperor_n house_n of_o his_o court_n or_o stable_a &_o every_o of_o they_o may_v challenge_v any_o prince_n duke_z or_o marquize_n be_v a_o subject_n because_o they_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o subjection_n repute_v none_o other_o than_o baron_n a_o gentleman_n well_o bear_v and_o descend_v from_o parentage_n of_o four_o degree_n may_v fight_v with_o any_o earl_n or_o baron_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n to_o his_o prince_n or_o country_n and_o also_o murder_n and_o infidelity_n because_o they_o be_v beside_o their_o dignity_n none_o other_o than_o gentleman_n and_o gentility_n or_o nobility_n be_v hereditary_a and_o can_v be_v take_v away_o but_o dignity_n may_v but_o in_o other_o quarrel_n of_o less_o importance_n the_o earl_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o dignity_n may_v fight_v by_o champion_n but_o in_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a he_o shall_v fight_v in_o person_n unless_o he_o be_v age_v lame_a or_o otherwise_o disable_v a_o capteine_a general_n of_o a_o army_n imperial_a or_o royal_a may_v not_o be_v challenge_v by_o any_o gentleman_n or_o lord_n neither_o ought_v the_o governor_n of_o any_o city_n town_n or_o castle_n because_o no_o public_a commandment_n may_v be_v abandon_v for_o private_a respect_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v
alone_o sit_v down_o before_o the_o king_n as_o his_o vicar_n general_a send_v his_o liutenant_n to_o the_o challenger_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o and_o the_o marshal_n with_o his_o liutenant_n do_v accompany_v the_o defender_n the_o constable_n thus_o set_v do_v pronounce_v this_o speech_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n let_v they_o go_v let_v they_o go_v let_v they_o go_v and_o do_v their_o best_a upon_o which_o word_n pronounce_v in_o the_o king_n presence_n the_o challenger_n do_v march_v towards_o the_o defender_n to_o assail_v he_o furious_o and_o the_o other_o prepare_v himself_o for_o defence_n sober_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n with_o their_o liutenant_n stand_v attentive_a to_o hear_v and_o see_v if_o any_o word_n sign_n or_o voice_n of_o yield_v be_v utter_v by_o any_o of_o the_o fighter_n and_o also_o to_o be_v ready_a if_o the_o king_n shall_v command_v the_o lance_n to_o be_v let_v fall_v to_o depart_v the_o fight_n the_o constable_n and_o martial_n do_v also_o take_v regard_n that_o the_o challenger_n and_o defender_n shall_v appear_v at_o the_o day_n and_o hour_n appoint_v whether_o the_o quarrel_n be_v for_o treason_n or_o otherwise_o the_o constable_n do_v likewise_o measure_v the_o weapon_n of_o the_o combattor_n and_o also_o search_v whether_o they_o have_v about_o they_o any_o engine_n or_o other_o unlawful_a thing_n as_o charm_n or_o enchantment_n yet_o be_v it_o lawful_a both_o for_o the_o challenger_n and_o defender_n to_o be_v aswell_o and_o sure_o arm_v as_o they_o can_v and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o will_v have_v his_o sword_n short_a than_o the_o standard_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o other_o bind_v to_o have_v his_o cut_n to_o that_o measure_n if_o he_o require_v that_o favour_n of_o the_o court_n but_o if_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o sword_n pass_v the_o standard_n than_o be_v that_o inequality_n to_o be_v reform_v or_o if_o they_o be_v both_o overlong_o both_o ought_v be_v reform_v it_o have_v be_v also_o in_o more_o ancient_a time_n use_v that_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n shall_v foresee_v that_o if_o the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v to_o depart_v the_o fight_n and_o suffer_v the_o fighter_n to_o rest_n before_o the_o combat_n end_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v part_v in_o due_a time_n when_o no_o advantage_n be_v likewise_o that_o they_o shall_v take_v heed_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v privatlie_o speak_v unto_o the_o other_o of_o yield_v or_o otherwise_o for_o unto_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n appertein_v the_o witness_v and_o record_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o in_o case_n the_o combat_n be_v for_o question_n of_o treason_n he_o that_o be_v vanquish_v shall_v be_v forthwith_o disarm_v within_o the_o list_n by_o commandment_n of_o the_o constable_n and_o the_o marshal_n the_o say_a armour_n and_o weapon_n of_o the_o vanquish_a in_o one_o end_n of_o the_o list_n be_v deface_v in_o his_o disgrace_n and_o after_o the_o same_o be_v draw_v out_o together_o with_o his_o horse_n from_o thence_o also_o the_o man_n vanquish_v be_v draw_v unto_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n to_o be_v there_o head_v or_o hang_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n the_o performance_n of_o all_o which_o punishment_n appertein_v only_o to_o the_o marshal_n who_o ought_v see_v all_o thing_n do_v in_o his_o own_o presence_n and_o in_o case_n the_o challenger_n do_v not_o vanquish_v his_o enemy_n then_o ought_v he_o suffer_v the_o same_o pain_n that_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o defender_n if_o he_o be_v vanquish_v but_o if_o the_o quarrel_n be_v upon_o a_o crime_n of_o less_o importance_n the_o party_n vanquish_v shall_v not_o be_v draw_v unto_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n but_o only_o lead_v thither_o to_o receive_v death_n or_o other_o punishment_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o matter_n if_o the_o combat_n be_v only_o for_o trial_n of_o virtue_n or_o honour_n he_o that_o be_v vanquish_v therein_o shall_v be_v disarm_v and_o put_v out_o of_o the_o list_n without_o further_a punishment_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n will_v take_v the_o quarrel_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o make_v peace_n between_o the_o party_n without_o long_a fight_n then_o do_v the_o constable_n lead_v the_o one_o and_o the_o martial_a the_o other_o of_o the_o fighter_n out_o of_o the_o list_n at_o diverse_a gate_n arm_v and_o mount_v as_o they_o be_v have_v special_a regard_n that_o neither_o of_o they_o shall_v go_v the_o one_o before_o the_o other_o for_o the_o quarrel_n rest_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n may_v not_o be_v renew_a or_o any_o violence_n offer_v without_o prejudice_n unto_o the_o king_n honour_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o point_n very_o special_a in_o matter_n of_o arm_n that_o he_o who_o leave_v the_o list_n first_o incur_v a_o note_n of_o dishonour_n therefore_o to_o depart_v the_o list_n in_o due_a time_n be_v ever_o preciselie_o observe_v be_v the_o combat_n for_o treason_n or_o other_o cause_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v remember_v that_o without_o the_o principal_a list_n be_v ever_o certain_a counterlist_n betwixt_o which_o two_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n do_v stand_v there_o stand_v also_o the_o king_n sergeant_n at_o arm_n to_o see_v and_o consider_v if_o any_o default_n or_o offence_n be_v commit_v contrary_a to_o the_o proclamation_n of_o the_o court_n against_o the_o king_n royal_a majesty_n or_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n those_o man_n be_v ever_o arm_v at_o all_o piece_n the_o servant_n of_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o place_n and_o good_a order_n thereof_o the_o king_n sergeant_n take_v care_n to_o keep_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o list_n and_o be_v there_o ready_a to_o make_v arrest_n of_o any_o person_n when_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v by_o the_o constable_n or_o martial_n the_o fee_n of_o the_o marshal_n be_v all_o horse_n piece_n of_o armour_n or_o other_o furniture_n that_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n after_o the_o combattor_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o list_n aswell_o from_o the_o challenger_n as_o the_o defender_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n appertein_v to_o the_o party_n victorious_a whether_o he_o be_v challenger_n or_o defender_n the_o bar_n post_n rail_n and_o every_o other_o part_n of_o the_o list_n be_v also_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o marshal_n certain_a combat_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n cap._n 9_o edmond_n of_o the_o race_n of_o west_n saxon_n fight_v in_o combat_n with_o canutus_n king_n of_o denmark_n for_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o which_o fight_n both_o the_o prince_n be_v weary_a by_o consent_n depart_v the_o land_n betwixt_o they_o anno._n 1016._o robert_n mountfort_n accuse_v henry_n of_o essex_n of_o treason_n affirm_v that_o he_o in_o a_o journey_n towards_o wales_n near_o unto_o colshil_n throw_v away_o the_o king_n standard_n say_v the_o king_n be_v dead_a and_o turn_v back_o those_o that_o go_v to_o the_o king_n succour_n henry_n deny_v the_o accusation_n so_o as_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o be_v try_v by_o combat_n the_o place_n appoint_v for_o fight_n be_v a_o little_a i_o will_v near_o unto_o read_v in_o this_o combat_n henry_n be_v vanquish_v and_o fall_v down_o as_o dead_a and_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o friend_n licence_n be_v obtain_v that_o his_o body_n may_v be_v bury_v by_o the_o monk_n of_o read_v but_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o body_n of_o henry_n recover_v and_o become_v a_o monk_n in_o that_o abbey_n anno_fw-la 1163._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o henry_n duke_n of_o hereford_n accuse_v thomas_n mowbray_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n of_o certain_a word_n by_o he_o speak_v as_o they_o ride_v between_o london_n and_o brainford_n tend_v unto_o the_o king_n dishonour_n thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n deny_v to_o have_v speak_v any_o such_o word_n but_o henry_n affirm_v his_o accusation_n the_o king_n grant_v the_o combat_n to_o beé_v perform_v at_o coventrie_n the_o 7._o of_o september_n 1398._o anno_fw-la rich._n 2._o a_o combat_n be_v fight_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o king_n presence_n between_o john_n ansley_n knight_n and_o thomas_n catrington_n esquire_n who_o the_o say_a knight_n have_v accuse_v of_o treason_n for_o sell_v the_o castle_n of_o s._n saviour_n which_o the_o lord_n chandos_n have_v build_v in_o the_o i_o will_v of_o constantine_n in_o france_n in_o which_o combat_n the_o knight_n be_v victorious_a anno_fw-la 1379._o regni_fw-la rich._n 2._o a_o combat_n be_v grant_v unto_o a_o esquire_n bear_v in_o navarra_n to_o fight_v with_o a_o english_a esquire_n call_v john_n welsh_a who_o the_o navarrois_n accuse_v of_o treason_n but_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o navarrois_n his_o malice_n be_v for_o that_o the_o say_v welsh_n have_v force_v his_o wife_n as_o be_v vanquish_v
of_o the_o weapon_n cap._n 7._o how_o many_o way_n victory_n be_v gain_v cap._n 8._o what_o be_v ancientlie_o due_a unto_o such_o as_o be_v victorious_a in_o public_a combat_n cap._n 9_o the_o three_o book_n what_o sort_n of_o man_n ought_v not_o be_v admit_v in_o trial_n of_o arm_n cap._n 1._o whether_o a_o bastard_n may_v challenge_v a_o gentleman_n to_o combat_n cap._n 2._o of_o restitution_n of_o honor._n cap._n 3._o of_o the_o disequalitie_n of_o gentleman_n cap._n 4._o of_o injury_n do_v with_o advantage_n cap._n 5._o of_o injury_n evil_a offer_v cap._n 6._o of_o satisfaction_n cap._n 7._o what_o satisfaction_n be_v to_o be_v give_v upon_o a_o injury_n by_o deed_n cap._n 8._o other_o mean_n of_o pacification_n and_o composition_n cap._n 9_o of_o satisfaction_n to_o be_v give_v upon_o word_n cap._n 10._o how_o the_o give_n of_o satisfaction_n be_v a_o thing_n not_o reproachful_a cap._n 11._o the_o four_o book_n of_o nobility_n accompany_v with_o great_a dignity_n cap._n 1._o whether_o a_o king_n may_v challenge_v a_o emperor_n to_o combat_n cap._n 2._o whether_o a_o quarrel_n between_o two_o emperor_n may_v be_v decide_v by_o particular_a combat_n cap._n 3._o of_o the_o equality_n and_o disequalitie_n of_o great_a nobility_n and_o of_o the_o privilege_n due_a unto_o all_o man_n profess_v arm_n cap._n 4._o certain_a question_n opinion_n and_o judgement_n upon_o accident_n happen_v in_o trial_n and_o exercise_n of_o arm_n cap._n 5._o of_o the_o honour_n gain_v or_o lose_v by_o be_v disarm_v in_o sundry_a place_n and_o of_o sundry_a piece_n cap._n 6._o of_o honour_n gain_v or_o lose_v by_o the_o hurt_v give_v or_o take_v in_o combat_n for_o life_n or_o in_o triumph_n cap._n 7._o of_o just_n and_o turniaman_n and_o how_o the_o accident_n in_o such_o exercise_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v cap._n 8._o the_o manner_n of_o combat_n as_o they_o be_v auncientlie_o try_v in_o england_n cap._n 9_o certain_a combat_n for_o life_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n cap._n 10._o certain_a combat_n for_o triumph_n and_o honour_n perform_v before_o the_o king_n of_o england_n cap._n 11._o the_o ceremony_n appertain_v to_o delivery_n of_o prize_n at_o just_n &_o turniament_n before_o the_o king_n cap._n 12._o the_o five_o book_n of_o what_o quality_n a_o gentleman_n profess_v arm_n ought_v to_o be_v cap._n 1._o of_o knighthood_n cap._n 2._o of_o the_o original_n of_o knighthood_n give_v as_o dignity_n and_o what_o prince_n have_v authority_n to_o make_v knight_n cap._n 3._o the_o ceremony_n at_o the_o make_v knight_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1020._o cap._n 4._o the_o ceremony_n at_o the_o disgrade_n knight_n in_o those_o day_n cap._n 5._o how_o many_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n have_v be_v &_o of_o they_o how_o many_o be_v yet_o extant_a cap._n 6._o of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o garter_n cap._n 7._o other_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n in_o england_n cap._n 8._o the_o order_n of_o the_o toson_n and_o original_a thereof_o cap._n 9_o the_o order_n of_o s._n michael_n cap._n 10._o the_o order_n of_o the_o anunciata_n cap._n 11._o knight_n of_o the_o band._n cap._n 12._o knight_n of_o s._n jago_n cap._n 13._o knight_n of_o calatrava_n cap._n 14._o knight_n of_o alcantara_n cap._n 15._o knight_n of_o montesio_n cap._n 16._o knight_n of_o redemption_n cap._n 17._o knight_n of_o s._n john_n in_o jerusalem_n of_o some_o call_v knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o now_o knight_n of_o malta_n cap._n 18._o knight_n teutonici_fw-la cap._n 19_o knight_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n cap._n 20._o knight_n of_o s._n marry_o cap._n 21._o knight_n of_o s._n lazaro_n cap._n 22._o knight_n of_o s._n steven_n cap._n 23._o ceremony_n in_o degradation_n of_o knight_n cap._n 24._o the_o author_n intention_n cap._n 25._o the_o author_n conclusion_n cap._n 26._o finis_fw-la the_o book_n of_o honour_n and_o arm_n what_o a_o combat_n be_v and_o the_o original_n thereof_o cap._n 1._o a_o combat_n be_v a_o single_a fight_n of_o one_o man_n against_o another_o for_o trial_n of_o truth_n either_o else_o of_o diverse_a man_n as_o two_o four_o six_o ten_o or_o more_o equal_o and_o indifferent_o agree_v upon_o to_o fight_v on_o horsbacke_n or_o foot_n without_o advantage_n in_o number_n of_o person_n or_o disequalitie_n of_o weapon_n these_o kind_n of_o fight_n seem_v to_o be_v first_o use_v of_o great_a prince_n who_o desire_v to_o end_v public_a contention_n and_o war_n do_v mutual_o consent_v to_o determine_v the_o same_o by_o their_o own_o private_a virtue_n and_o adventure_n of_o life_n as_o do_v goliath_n and_o david_n the_o horatij_n and_o curiatij_n with_o diverse_a other_o who_o fight_v only_o in_o person_n for_o the_o public_a cause_n thereby_o save_v the_o effusion_n of_o much_o blood_n and_o the_o life_n of_o many_o most_o worthy_a captain_n and_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o albeit_o the_o cause_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o combat_n be_v public_a respect_n yet_o each_o particular_a gentleman_n or_o other_o person_n profess_v honour_n and_o arm_n ought_v sufficient_o be_v move_v thereunto_o for_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o particular_a reputation_n which_o respect_n and_o happy_o also_o some_o public_a occasion_n move_v the_o combat_n of_o aeneas_n with_o turnus_n of_o menelaus_n with_o alexander_n of_o pulfius_fw-la with_o varenus_n of_o robert_n mountfort_n with_o henry_n earl_n of_o essex_n in_o england_n yea_o king_n and_o prince_n have_v of_o late_a time_n do_v the_o like_a as_o charles_n the_o three_o king_n of_o france_n with_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n alfonso_n king_n of_o spain_n with_o richard_n earl_n of_o of_o cornwall_n and_o king_n alfonso_n with_o king_n ranier_n these_o particular_a fight_n be_v first_o use_v among_o the_o people_n call_v lombarde_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n write_v by_o aliprandus_fw-la one_o of_o the_o king_n that_o govern_v that_o nation_n yet_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o combat_n of_o those_o people_n and_o in_o that_o age_n be_v try_v with_o no_o other_o weapon_n but_o only_o certain_a shield_n and_o staff_n of_o wood_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o cause_n of_o infidelity_n neither_o seem_v it_o that_o the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o their_o fight_n be_v respect_n of_o honour_n nor_o that_o the_o vanquish_v shall_v become_v dishonour_v or_o prisoner_n unto_o the_o vanquisher_n as_o since_o have_v be_v use_v of_o the_o order_n of_o challenge_v and_o defend_v cap._n 2._o first_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o all_o injury_n be_v either_o by_o word_n or_o by_o deed_n and_o that_o in_o every_o injury_n by_o word_n the_o injurer_n ought_v be_v the_o challenger_n but_o in_o a_o injury_n by_o deed_n the_o injure_a aught_o to_o challenge_v as_o for_o example_n simon_n say_v to_o austen_n thou_o be_v a_o traitor_n austen_n answer_v thou_o lie_v then_o do_v it_o behoof_n simon_n to_o maintain_v his_o word_n and_o consequent_o to_o challenge_v austen_n to_o the_o combat_n a_o injury_n by_o deed_n be_v thus_o simon_n give_v a_o hurt_n a_o cut_n or_o other_o violence_n unto_o austen_n whereat_o offend_v he_o say_v thou_o have_v do_v i_o offence_n violence_n injury_n or_o such_o like_a speech_n simon_n answer_v thou_o lie_v then_o behove_v it_o that_o austen_n do_v challenge_n simon_n and_o force_v he_o by_o fight_n to_o maintain_v the_o hurt_n he_o offer_v wherefore_o as_o a_o rule_n or_o maxim_n in_o matter_n of_o honour_n it_o be_v special_o to_o be_v note_v that_o whosoever_o be_v true_o and_o lawful_o belie_v must_v of_o force_n become_v challenger_n to_o maintain_v that_o he_o speak_v or_o do_v and_o whereupon_o the_o lie_n be_v give_v he_o and_o although_o some_o man_n rather_o to_o show_v the_o dexterity_n of_o their_o wit_n than_o the_o valour_n of_o their_o mind_n will_v at_o such_o occasion_n use_v many_o superfluous_a word_n whereby_o further_a speech_n of_o offence_n do_v follow_v and_o so_o take_v opportunity_n to_o give_v the_o lie_n unto_o who_o the_o hurt_n by_o hand_n be_v give_v yet_o the_o true_a and_o precise_a reason_n of_o honour_n be_v that_o he_o who_o give_v the_o blow_n &_o hurt_v shall_v without_o further_a dispute_n be_v challenge_v unless_o he_o deny_v the_o do_v thereof_o with_o offer_n of_o satisfaction_n thus_o appear_v brief_o that_o whosoever_o be_v lawful_o belie_v ought_v by_o arm_n to_o challenge_v maintain_v and_o prove_v that_o which_o he_o affirm_v or_o do_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o honour_n or_o person_n of_o the_o injure_a for_o what_o cause_n the_o party_n belie_v aught_o to_o challenge_v and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o lie_n cap._n 3._o for_o so_o much_o as_o in_o ordinary_a trial_n by_o law_n and_o civil_a judgement_n whosoever_o stand_v accuse_v by_o denial_n of_o such_o accusation_n be_v free_a from_o condemn_v until_o further_a proof_n be_v make_v even_o so_o in_o every_o imposition_n by_o speech_n contrary_a to_o
knowledge_n and_o experience_n of_o arm_n and_o honour_n appertein_v such_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o duke_n a_o prince_n in_o his_o life_n and_o place_n repute_v no_o less_o skilful_a in_o point_n of_o honour_n than_o all_o other_o way_n virtuous_a whereunto_o may_v be_v add_v that_o in_o matter_n of_o arm_n all_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n have_v ever_o vouchsafe_v to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o gentleman_n and_o soldier_n and_o therefore_o it_o stand_v with_o good_a reason_n that_o a_o answer_v make_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o gentleman_n and_o soldier_n shall_v be_v of_o virtue_n sufficient_a to_o repulse_v a_o injury_n offer_v before_o a_o prince_n of_o what_o title_n so_o ever_o of_o the_o return_n of_o lie_n cap._n 11._o heretofore_o we_o have_v say_v that_o he_o unto_o who_o the_o lie_n be_v give_v for_o a_o repulse_n of_o injury_n ought_v be_v the_o challenger_n yet_o for_o more_o certainty_n of_o that_o say_n we_o be_v diligent_o to_o examine_v what_o sort_n of_o lie_n be_v lawful_a it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o true_a and_o proper_a nature_n of_o the_o lie_n be_v to_o repulse_v injury_n and_o whensoever_o it_o work_v not_o that_o effect_n it_o become_v injury_n and_o by_o another_o lie_n may_v be_v return_v also_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o one_o selfesame_a quarrel_n aswell_o unto_o a_o denial_n as_o a_o affirmation_n the_o lie_n may_v be_v give_v the_o lie_v lawful_o give_v unto_o a_o affirmation_n be_v that_o whereof_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v as_o thus_o one_o man_n say_v unto_o another_o he_o be_v a_o rebel_n to_o his_o prince_n he_o answer_v thou_o lie_v and_o this_o kind_n of_o lie_n can_v be_v avoid_v because_o it_o be_v give_v for_o repulse_n unto_o a_o infamy_n direct_o offer_v but_o if_o i_o speak_v of_o other_o do_v say_v he_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n and_o one_o stand_v by_o do_v give_v i_o the_o lie_v in_o that_o case_n the_o lie_n shall_v not_o be_v repute_v a_o repulse_n but_o a_o injury_n and_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o i_o to_o say_v that_o gainsay_v the_o commendation_n i_o give_v he_o lie_v because_o he_o encounter_v my_o affirmation_n and_o seem_v to_o deny_v that_o all_o man_n be_v hold_v honest_a till_o proof_n be_v make_v of_o the_o contrary_n wherefore_o it_o behove_v he_o that_o deny_v the_o man_n to_o be_v honest_a to_o prove_v such_o denial_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o be_v burden_a and_o bind_v to_o challenge_v i_o but_o let_v we_o now_o speak_v of_o lie_v give_v upon_o the_o negative_a which_o be_v either_o lawful_a or_o may_v lawful_o be_v return_v as_o if_o any_o man_n do_v say_v of_o i_o that_o in_o such_o a_o service_n of_o arm_n i_o have_v not_o do_v my_o duty_n and_o i_o shall_v answer_v with_o the_o lie_n that_o shall_v be_v a_o lawful_a answer_n yet_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o he_o have_v not_o fail_v of_o fidelity_n unto_o his_o prince_n and_o i_o say_v he_o lie_v then_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o he_o to_o answer_v thou_o lie_v in_o say_v i_o lie_v and_o consequent_o force_v i_o to_o challenge_v because_o in_o affirm_v his_o own_o fidelity_n he_o do_v not_o injury_n to_o any_o man_n but_o i_o deny_v thereof_o do_v great_o wrong_v he_o and_o therefore_o reasonable_o the_o lie_n to_o be_v return_v upon_o i_o now_o it_o rest_v to_o produce_v some_o example_n how_o in_o one_o selfesame_a quarrel_n both_o upon_o the_o affirmative_a and_o negative_a the_o lie_n may_v be_v give_v so_o as_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o party_n have_v apparent_a place_n of_o repulse_n as_o in_o this_o case_n two_o gentleman_n be_v in_o the_o field_n prepare_v to_o fight_v do_v there_o fall_v into_o disputation_n whether_o the_o weapon_n be_v lawful_a or_o not_o by_o mean_a whereof_o the_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o speech_n and_o nothing_o do_v hereupon_o a_o question_n grow_v whether_o the_o weapon_n be_v reasonable_o refuse_v or_o not_o the_o one_o by_o affirm_v they_o to_o be_v lawful_a do_v burden_n the_o other_o and_o he_o by_o deny_v they_o to_o be_v lawful_a do_v burden_n he_o so_o as_o it_o rest_v doubtful_a who_o ought_v to_o challenge_v thus_o much_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o lie_n how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v offer_v repulse_v or_o return_v a_o matter_n of_o some_o difficulty_n to_o be_v understand_v yet_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v of_o all_o gentleman_n how_o upon_o every_o lie_n the_o trial_n of_o arm_n be_v not_o necessary_a cap._n 12._o albeit_o heretofore_o have_v be_v say_v that_o he_o who_o receive_v the_o lie_n ought_v to_o be_v challenger_n yet_o be_v not_o our_o meaning_n that_o upon_o every_o lie_n give_v the_o trial_n of_o the_o sword_n shall_v forthwith_o follow_v for_o see_v the_o trial_n by_o arm_n be_v incerteine_a and_o the_o civil_a trial_n assure_v therefore_o it_o behove_v every_o gentleman_n to_o be_v justify_v rather_o by_o this_o than_o the_o other_o trial_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v no_o less_o expedient_a for_o gentleman_n and_o all_o other_o profess_v arm_n to_o know_v when_o to_o put_v up_o than_o when_o to_o draw_v their_o weapon_n who_o so_o therefore_o upon_o any_o affirmation_n shall_v be_v lawful_o and_o orderly_o offer_v the_o lie_n have_v mean_n to_o make_v such_o proof_n ought_v by_o civil_a and_o reasonable_a trial_n make_v justification_n and_o not_o take_v sword_n in_o hand_n till_o necessity_n so_o enforce_v and_o he_o who_o find_v himself_o offer_v any_o unjust_a or_o unlawful_a lie_n may_v either_o traverse_v it_o or_o utterlie_o disdain_v it_o of_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cartell_n or_o letter_n of_o defiance_n cap._n 13._o in_o such_o place_n as_o public_a combat_n be_v permit_v by_o prince_n the_o custom_n be_v that_o the_o party_n agree_v to_o fight_v shall_v challenge_v one_o the_o other_o by_o some_o instrument_n in_o writing_n which_o they_o common_o call_v a_o cartel_n but_o that_o custom_n be_v now_o discontinue_v he_o who_o challenge_v do_v send_v some_o letter_n to_o that_o effect_n which_o ought_v be_v frame_v in_o brief_a term_n and_o thereby_o to_o express_v in_o short_a and_o proper_a word_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o quarrel_n and_o injury_n be_v it_o in_o word_n or_o deeed_n also_o to_o set_v down_o express_o the_o particularity_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o person_n the_o time_n &_o place_n which_o for_o the_o true_a express_v of_o the_o cause_n be_v require_v to_o the_o end_n the_o adverse_a party_n may_v the_o better_o determine_v of_o his_o answer_n and_o for_o that_o combat_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o judgement_n it_o behove_v no_o less_o therein_o than_o in_o civil_a trial_n that_o particular_a prove_n &_o circumstance_n shall_v be_v express_v &_o that_o he_o who_o challenge_v shall_v summon_v his_o adversary_n and_o he_o that_o be_v defender_n produce_v the_o lie_n in_o this_o writing_n it_o also_o behoove_v to_o use_v all_o plainness_n of_o word_n &_o phrase_n leave_v aside_o eloquence_n and_o ambiguity_n of_o speech_n for_o it_o suffice_v a_o man_n be_v offer_v any_o injurious_a speech_n do_v say_v thou_o lie_v without_o add_v any_o word_n thereunto_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v know_v that_o the_o defender_n ought_v have_v the_o election_n of_o the_o place_n and_o weapon_n for_o no_o reason_n be_v it_o that_o i_o shall_v both_o challenge_v another_o man_n and_o also_o appoint_v he_o to_o fight_v with_o what_o weapon_n please_v i_o one_o thing_n i_o think_v good_a more_o to_o advertise_v that_o it_o seem_v unto_o i_o a_o thing_n very_o honest_a and_o worthy_a a_o gentleman_n that_o all_o speech_n and_o writing_n of_o or_o to_o a_o enemy_n shall_v be_v in_o good_a and_o honourable_a term_n for_o thereby_o the_o speaker_n or_o writer_n shall_v honour_v himself_o and_o declare_v he_o have_v to_o do_v with_o a_o person_n of_o reputation_n for_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v disgrace_v his_o own_o judgement_n in_o meddle_v with_o man_n unworthy_a and_o such_o as_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v regard_v the_o second_o book_n of_o injury_n and_o burden_n cap._n 1._o we_o have_v already_o discourse_v what_o injury_n be_v and_o how_o the_o same_o ought_v be_v repulse_v now_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v in_o what_o case_n prince_n and_o supreme_a governor_n may_v grant_v or_o deny_v the_o trial_n of_o combat_n i_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o office_n of_o every_o prince_n move_v to_o grant_v combat_n be_v first_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o quarrel_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v assure_o know_v whither_o it_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n as_o require_v the_o trial_n of_o the_o sword_n and_o can_v otherwise_o be_v determine_v for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n certain_a that_o every_o question_n or_o quarrel_n that_o may_v be_v decide_v by_o civil_a authority_n and_o
his_o office_n with_o any_o other_o favour_n yet_o can_v he_o not_o undo_v that_o be_v do_v nor_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o to_o be_v well_o do_v which_o be_v already_o evil_o do_v nor_o that_o a_o mind_n infect_v with_o infamy_n shall_v be_v clean_o and_o void_a of_o dishonour_n &_o consequent_o notwithstanding_o restitution_n the_o prince_n have_v still_o just_a cause_n to_o be_v suspicious_a of_o such_o a_o man_n fidelity_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v draw_v to_o dishonest_a action_n and_o every_o other_o gentleman_n shall_v hold_v he_o in_o evil_a conceit_n moreover_o touch_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o prince_n in_o this_o case_n it_o seem_v that_o as_o they_o can_v bereave_v the_o good_a man_n of_o their_o goodness_n so_o can_v they_o not_o take_v from_o the_o evil_a their_o evil_a thought_n see_v their_o jurisdiction_n extend_v unto_o the_o wealth_n and_o person_n of_o subject_n but_o over_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n they_o have_v no_o power_n my_o prince_n can_v make_v i_o at_o his_o pleasure_n rich_a or_o poor_a but_o to_o make_v i_o good_a or_o bad_a be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n for_o that_o appertain_v only_o to_o god_n grace_n and_o i_o own_o endeavour_n it_o may_v therefore_o be_v infer_v that_o if_o a_o man_n restore_v after_o the_o commit_n of_o any_o notorious_a evil_a fact_n shall_v challenge_v another_o gentleman_n to_o trial_n of_o arm_n he_o may_v be_v reasonable_o repulse_v yet_o be_o i_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o restitution_n shall_v be_v of_o force_n in_o the_o child_n and_o posterity_n of_o the_o person_n infamed_a and_o condemn_v as_o they_o that_o ought_v not_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n due_a to_o the_o offence_n of_o another_o chief_o in_o respect_n of_o baptism_n whereby_o all_o the_o sin_n of_o forefather_n be_v cleanse_v of_o the_o disequalitie_n of_o gentleman_n cap._n 4._o before_o we_o enter_v into_o consideration_n of_o this_o matter_n i_o think_v good_a to_o advertise_v that_o as_o there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n of_o man_n that_o may_v not_o challenge_v other_o so_o be_v there_o some_o that_o ought_v not_o be_v challenge_v of_o any_o the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v clerk_n or_o ecclesiastical_a person_n profess_v religion_n the_o other_o sort_n be_v doctor_n with_o all_o student_n and_o such_o man_n as_o be_v only_o give_v to_o literature_n and_o knowledge_n but_o to_o return_v unto_o disequalitie_n of_o noble_a person_n i_o say_v that_o the_o true_a nobility_n of_o man_n be_v virtue_n and_o that_o he_o be_v true_o noble_a that_o be_v virtuous_a be_v he_o bear_v of_o high_a or_o of_o low_a parent_n and_o the_o more_o high_o he_o be_v bear_v the_o worse_a reputation_n he_o merit_v if_o he_o can_v continue_v the_o honour_n leave_v he_o by_o his_o ancestor_n chrisostome_n say_v what_o honour_n be_v it_o to_o be_v well_o bear_v be_v defile_v with_o vile_a condition_n or_o what_o hurt_v base_a parentage_n to_o he_o that_o be_v with_o gentle_a manner_n adorn_v who_o so_o vaunt_v of_o his_o ancestor_n seem_v without_o any_o good_a thing_n of_o his_o own_o seneca_n say_v that_o who_o so_o will_v true_o judge_v what_o worthiness_n be_v in_o man_n must_v consider_v of_o he_o naked_a lay_v aside_o his_o live_n and_o title_n of_o honour_n with_o all_o other_o favour_n of_o fortune_n he_o must_v also_o imagine_v he_o without_o body_n and_o then_o weigh_v of_o what_o value_n or_o excellency_n he_o be_v in_o mind_n because_o nobility_n be_v place_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o in_o the_o mind_n it_o appear_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o disequalitie_n i_o say_v that_o albeit_o emperor_n king_n prince_n great_a lord_n and_o mean_v also_o be_v comprise_v within_o the_o name_n of_o gentleman_n and_o soldier_n yet_o be_v there_o among_o they_o such_o inequality_n as_o no_o gentleman_n of_o what_o title_n soever_o may_v be_v compare_v unto_o a_o king_n nor_o any_o soldier_n unto_o a_o emperor_n whereof_o we_o will_v speak_v hereafter_o more_o at_o large_a touch_v the_o disequalitie_n of_o private_a nobility_n thus_o be_v it_o to_o be_v discourse_v all_o gentleman_n be_v either_o without_o office_n either_o else_o they_o have_v office_n or_o dignity_n as_o the_o government_n of_o town_n country_n ambassage_n or_o commandment_n in_o war_n who_o ever_o of_o they_o have_v any_o office_n or_o employment_n either_o it_o be_v give_v he_o for_o time_n or_o life_n if_o he_o be_v a_o officer_n for_o time_n and_o be_v occasion_v to_o answer_v in_o arm_n he_o may_v defer_v the_o combat_n till_o the_o expiration_n of_o his_o time_n in_o office_n if_o the_o office_n be_v for_o life_n &_o the_o quality_n thereof_o such_o as_o make_v he_o superior_a to_o the_o adversary_n he_o may_v fight_v by_o champion_n if_o such_o a_o officer_n be_v not_o superior_a to_o the_o enemy_n he_o ought_v ask_v leave_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o not_o obtain_v it_o shall_v without_o licence_n go_v unto_o the_o place_n of_o combat_n and_o with_o arm_n answer_v the_o enemy_n for_o the_o obligation_n of_o honour_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o whosoever_o be_v bear_v noble_a under_o which_o word_n be_v comprise_v all_o sort_n of_o nobility_n and_o gentility_n be_v equal_a to_o any_o other_o gentleman_n of_o private_a condition_n note_v here_o that_o in_o say_v a_o gentleman_n bear_v we_o mean_v he_o must_v be_v descend_v from_o three_o degree_n of_o gentry_n both_o on_o the_o mother_n and_o father_n side_n such_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o paris_n a_o gentleman_n descend_v of_o the_o most_o noble_a house_n not_o have_v jurisdiction_n or_o commandment_n may_v be_v challenge_v of_o any_o private_a or_o particular_a gentleman_n also_o in_o respect_n that_o the_o profession_n of_o arm_n be_v honourable_a a_o soldier_n that_o have_v long_o serve_v without_o reproach_n ought_v be_v account_v a_o gentleman_n also_o a_o scholar_n have_v continue_v the_o study_n of_o good_a learning_n &_o be_v aspire_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o school_n can_v be_v deny_v the_o title_n of_o gentry_n a_o simple_a soldier_n of_o honest_a fame_n may_v fight_v with_o any_o other_o soldier_n corporal_n sergeant_n or_o other_o officer_n the_o capteine_v except_v and_o he_o also_o may_v be_v challenge_v to_o answer_v by_o champion_n every_o capteine_n may_v challenge_v another_o capteine_n unless_o their_o charge_n be_v such_o as_o the_o one_o can_v command_v the_o other_o and_o this_o rule_n must_v serve_v through_o all_o degree_n of_o soldier_n both_o on_o horseback_n and_o foot_n yet_o be_v it_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o man_n at_o arm_n be_v the_o most_o honourable_a sort_n of_o soldier_n and_o in_o continual_a pay_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n gentleman_n may_v not_o be_v refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o any_o private_a capteine_n of_o footman_n it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o a_o capteine_a of_o footman_n shall_v fight_v with_o a_o capteine_a of_o horseman_n be_v it_o not_o that_o those_o charge_n be_v give_v to_o noble_a man_n &_o the_o charge_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n to_o the_o most_o noble_a yet_o be_v consideration_n to_o be_v have_v aswell_o of_o their_o birth_n as_o their_o charge_n for_o the_o capteine_a in_o mean_a place_n may_v be_v so_o honourable_o bear_v as_o he_o ought_v not_o be_v repulse_v which_o respect_n be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v among_o captain_n both_o on_o horseback_n and_o foot_n and_o likewise_o among_o all_o horseman_n and_o soldier_n on_o foot_n in_o particular_a of_o injury_n do_v with_o advantage_n cap._n 5._o heretofore_o have_v be_v say_v that_o no_o injury_n offer_v with_o advantage_n aught_o to_o burden_n he_o in_o reputation_n unto_o who_o the_o same_o be_v offer_v and_o that_o such_o injury_n may_v in_o like_a sort_n be_v revenge_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o natural_a and_o reasonable_a need_v no_o further_a proof_n notwithstanding_o to_o the_o intent_n each_o man_n may_v be_v full_o inform_v what_o advantage_n be_v we_o think_v fit_a somewhat_o to_o say_v thereof_o advantage_n in_o general_n be_v when_o one_o man_n do_v injury_n unto_o another_o so_o and_o in_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o the_o injure_a can_v be_v revenge_v but_o to_o speak_v thereof_o in_o particular_a thus_o may_v it_o be_v say_v for_o example_n if_o one_o man_n be_v arm_v do_v assault_v another_o disarm_v or_o that_o he_o be_v better_o arm_v that_o we_o call_v advantage_n if_o a_o man_n in_o office_n or_o place_n of_o dignity_n have_v about_o he_o friend_n or_o servant_n do_v offer_v injury_n to_o another_o of_o mean_a estate_n that_o be_v likewise_o advantage_n if_o two_o or_o more_o man_n do_v hurt_n or_o strike_v another_o so_o as_o the_o man_n hurt_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v present_a revenge_n that_o be_v also_o injury_n with_o advantage_n by_o these_o few_o example_n may_v all_o other_o advantageous_a injury_n be_v conceive_v but_o therewith_o be_v to_o
he_o confess_v the_o king_n give_v sentence_n he_o shall_v be_v draw_v and_o hang_v anno._n 1384._o regni_fw-la rich._n 2._o a_o combat_n be_v fight_v between_o sir_n richard_n wooduile_n and_o one_o other_o knight_n bear_v in_o spain_n after_o the_o three_o blow_v give_v the_o king_n stay_v the_o fight_n anno_fw-la 1441._o regni_fw-la henr._n 6._o a_o combat_n be_v grant_v unto_o john_n viscount_n bear_v in_o cypress_n and_o thomas_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr marsh_n bastard_n son_n unto_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 3._o at_o westminster_n certain_a combat_n for_o triumph_n honour_n and_o love_n of_o lady_n bring_v before_o the_o king_n of_o england_n cap._n 11._o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n we_o make_v mention_v of_o the_o ceremony_n appertain_v to_o combat_n for_o life_n as_o they_o be_v ancientlie_o use_v now_o i_o think_v fit_a for_o the_o furniture_n of_o this_o work_n brief_o to_o remember_v some_o special_a exercise_n of_o arm_n bring_v before_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o honour_n and_o love_n of_o lady_n only_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n as_o action_n most_o worthy_a memory_n we_o will_v touch_v certain_a particular_a combat_n or_o as_o they_o be_v common_o call_v triumph_n just_n and_o turniament_n perform_v before_o our_o present_a sovereign_a queen_n elizabeth_n a_o prince_n of_o so_o great_a magnanimity_n and_o wisdom_n as_o by_o imitation_n of_o her_o most_o noble_a and_o princely_a virtue_n the_o court_n of_o england_n both_o for_o arm_n and_o learning_n have_v in_o her_o reign_n excel_v all_o other_o triumph_n before_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o a_o royal_a just_o be_v hold_v at_o lincoln_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n where_o be_v present_a certain_a ambassador_n send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o the_o lady_n joane_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n who_o shall_v have_v be_v marry_v unto_o that_o king_n of_o spain_n but_o meet_v she_o on_o the_o way_n she_o die_v anno._n 1348._o a_o triumph_n be_v hold_v at_o windsor_n before_o the_o same_o king_n edward_n whereat_o be_v present_a david_n king_n of_o scot_n the_o lord_n of_o tankeruile_n and_o the_o lord_n charles_n valloys_n who_o by_o the_o king_n licence_n be_v permit_v to_o run_v and_o have_v the_o prize_n anno._n 1349._o in_o smithfield_n be_v solemn_a just_n in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n where_o be_v present_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o most_o valiant_a knight_n of_o england_n and_o france_n thither_o come_v also_o noble_a person_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o spaniard_n ciâ—riots_n and_o armenian_n humble_o desire_v aid_n against_o the_o pagan_n anno_fw-la 1361._o a_o triumph_n before_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o ivst_n be_v again_o hold_v in_o smithfield_n where_o anthony_n wooduile_a lord_n scales_n do_v run_v against_o the_o bastard_n of_o burgundy_n anno._n 1444._o a_o triumph_n before_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o one_o other_o notable_a action_n of_o arm_n be_v persosonallie_o perform_v in_o smithfield_n between_o a_o knight_n of_o spain_n call_v sir_n francis_n le_fw-fr aragonoys_n and_o sir_n john_n astley_n knight_n of_o the_o garter_n for_o after_o the_o say_a sir_n francis_n have_v win_v the_o honour_n from_o all_o the_o man_n at_o arm_n in_o france_n he_o come_v into_o england_n and_o make_v a_o general_a challenge_n but_o by_o the_o great_a valour_n of_o sir_n john_n astley_n lose_v the_o same_o unto_o he_o the_o memory_n of_o which_o action_n remain_v with_o master_n garter_n principal_a king_n of_o arm_n triumph_n before_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o at_o richmont_n be_v hold_v a_o solemn_a triumph_n which_o continue_v a_o whole_a month_n where_o sir_n james_n parker_n run_v against_o hugh_n váughan_n be_v hurt_v and_o die_v 1494._o one_o other_o triumph_n be_v in_o the_o same_o king_n day_n perform_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n anno._n 1502._o triumph_n before_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o but_o far_o exceed_v all_o these_o be_v that_o magnificent_a just_n &_o turniment_n at_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o two_o excellent_a prince_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o of_o england_n &_o k._n frances_n the_o french_a king_n who_o choose_v unto_o they_o fourteen_o other_o do_v challenge_v to_o run_v at_o the_o tilt_n and_o fight_v at_o the_o turney_n and_o barrier_n with_o all_o comer_n the_o challenger_n be_v the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n the_o marquis_n dorcet_n sir_n william_n kingston_n sir_n richard_n jernegan_n master_n nicholas_n carew_n and_o master_n anthony_n knevet_n with_o their_o assistant_n sir_n rowland_n &_o sir_n giles_n capell_n with_o these_o be_v so_o many_o other_o french_a gentleman_n as_o make_v up_o the_o number_n aforesaid_a for_o defender_n thither_o come_v mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr vandosme_n the_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n and_o the_o lord_n edmond_n howard_n every_o of_o they_o bring_v in_o a_o fair_a band_n of_o knight_n well_o arm_v this_o most_o noble_a challenge_n of_o these_o two_o mighty_a king_n accompany_v with_o fourteen_o other_o knight_n of_o either_o nation_n seven_o they_o cause_v to_o be_v proclaim_v by_o norrey_n king_n of_o arm_n in_o england_n &_o france_n germany_n anno_fw-la 12_o hen._n 8._o one_o other_o most_o memorable_a challenge_n be_v make_v by_o the_o same_o king_n who_o in_o his_o own_o royal_a person_n with_o william_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n sir_n thomas_n knevet_n &_o edward_n nevell_n esquire_n answer_v all_o comer_n at_o westminster_n the_o king_n call_v himself_o cuer_v loyal_a the_o lord_n william_n bon_fw-fr voloir_fw-fr sir_n thomas_n knevet_n vailliant_a desir_n and_o edward_n nevil_n joyous_a penser_fw-fr defender_n be_v the_o lord_n grey_n sir_n william_n a_o parr_n robert_n morton_n richard_n blunt_z thomas_n cheyney_n thomas_n tyrrell_n sir_n rowland_n christopher_n willoughby_n the_o l._n howard_n charles_n brandon_n the_o lord_n marquis_n henry_n guildford_n the_o earl_n of_o wiltshire_n sir_n thomas_n bullin_n thomas_n lucy_n the_o lord_n leonard_n the_o lord_n john_n john_n melton_n griffith_n doon_n edmond_n howard_n richard_n tempest_n after_o this_o challenge_n be_v end_v the_o prize_n appoint_v for_o the_o challenger_n party_n be_v give_v unto_o cuer_v loyal_a &_o among_o the_o defender_n to_o edmond_n howard_n another_o solemn_a challenge_n be_v proclaim_v and_o perform_v by_o certain_a english_a knight_n uz._n sir_n john_n dudley_n sir_n thomas_n seymour_n sir_n francis_n poining_n sir_n george_n carew_n anthony_n kingston_n and_o richard_n cromwell_n anno._n 1540_o of_o like_a action_n in_o arm_n since_o her_o majesty_n reign_n these_o do_v seem_v most_o notable_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o memorial_n of_o m._n clarentieux_n a_o gentleman_n very_o diligent_a in_o her_o majesty_n service_n and_o careful_a to_o observe_v thing_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o her_o majesty_n court._n one_o solemn_a just_o turniment_n and_o fight_v at_o the_o barrier_n be_v hold_v at_o westminster_n wherein_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n the_o lord_n scrope_n the_o lord_n darcie_n and_o the_o lord_n hunsdon_n be_v challenger_n and_o with_o great_a honour_n answer_v all_o comer_n the_o defender_n name_n be_v not_o extant_a a_o royal_a challenge_n be_v also_o there_o proclaim_v before_o her_o majesty_n wherein_o be_v challenger_n the_o earl_n of_o oxenford_n charles_n howard_n sir_n henry_n lee_n and_o christopher_n hatton_n the_o defender_n be_v the_o lord_n stafford_n the_o lord_n henry_n seymour_n edward_n harbart_n sir_n george_n carie_n thomas_n cicill_n henry_n grace_n william_n howard_n sir_n jerome_n bowes_n henry_n knowles_n henry_n knevet_n william_n norris_n richard_n bulkelcy_n thomas_n knevet_n william_n knowles_n ralph_n lane_n george_n delues_n robert_n colsel_n lancelot_n bostocke_n brian_n ansley_n henry_n mackwilliams_n thomas_n bedingfield_n thomas_n moor_n william_n worthington_n richard_n blunt_n thomas_n conyngesby_n robert_n alexander_n roger_n clopton_n this_o triumph_n continue_v three_o day_n the_o first_o at_o tilt_n the_o second_o at_o turney_n and_o the_o three_o at_o the_o barrier_n on_o every_o of_o the_o challenger_n her_o majesty_n bestow_v a_o prize_n for_o the_o receive_n whereof_o they_o be_v particular_o lead_v arm_v by_o two_o lady_n unto_o her_o presence_n chamber_n the_o prize_n at_o the_o tilt_n on_o the_o defender_n party_n be_v give_v unto_o henry_n grey_n at_o the_o turney_n unto_o the_o l._n henry_n seymor_n at_o the_o barrier_n unto_o thomas_n cicill_n before_o they_o go_v clarentieux_n king_n of_o arm_n in_o his_o rich_a coat_n of_o arm_n this_o magnificent_a combat_n be_v perform_v anno_fw-la 1571._o a_o honourable_a challenge_n be_v likewise_o bring_v before_o her_o majesty_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n call_v himself_o callophisus_fw-la who_o with_o his_o assistant_n sir_n william_n drewrie_n challenge_v all_o comer_n anno_fw-la 1580_o
thomas_n radcliffe_n sir_n edward_n norris_n anthony_n cook_n sir_n john_n packington_n george_n giffard_n richard_n ward_n euerard_n digbie_n sir_n edward_n deny_v sir_n william_n hatton_n thomas_n vavisor_n henry_n nowell_n sir_n john_n borrowe_n sir_n george_n carew_n anthony_n mildmay_n thomas_n gerrard_n edward_n winter_n sir_n charles_n blunt_z william_n gressam_fw-la john_n wotton_n john_n parker_n francis_n darcie_n robert_n carie._n sir_n edward_n wingfield_n john_n chidley_n sir_n philip_n butler_n richard_n skipwith_n pecksall_a brocas_n william_n harvey_n thomas_n sidney_n jarue_v clifton_n richard_n acton_n my_o meaning_n be_v here_o to_o have_v insert_v all_o the_o speech_n emblem_n devise_n posy_n and_o other_o compliment_n use_v in_o all_o challenge_n &_o other_o public_a exercise_n of_o arm_n since_o her_o majesty_n reign_n but_o for_o want_v of_o observation_n or_o rather_o lack_v of_o some_o sufficient_a man_n to_o have_v set_v they_o present_o down_o those_o thing_n can_v be_v recover_v henceforth_o that_o defect_n be_v like_a to_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o dextrous_a hand_n of_o master_n w._n seagar_n now_o call_v somerset_n one_o of_o her_o maiesties-herehaults_a a_o gentleman_n both_o learned_a and_o language_v and_o therewith_o also_o by_o his_o own_o hand_n able_a to_o express_v in_o demonstration_n with_o great_a art_n and_o excellency_n who_o mind_n be_v whole_o bend_v to_o her_o majesty_n service_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o she_o court_n the_o ceremony_n appertein_v to_o the_o delivery_n of_o prize_n at_o just_n and_o turniment_n cap._n 12._o at_o any_o public_a triumph_n before_o the_o king_n it_o seem_v the_o use_n have_v heretofore_o be_v that_o the_o prize_n of_o best_a desert_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o queen_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n presence_n but_o first_o a_o solemn_a proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o herehault_n to_o this_o effect_n o_o yes_o o_o yes_o o_o yes_o be_v it_o know_v to_o all_o man_n by_o these_o present_n that_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o most_o high_a most_o excellent_a and_o most_o puissant_a prince_n h._n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n france_n and_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n that_o of_o those_o which_o have_v ju_v on_o the_o challenger_n side_n a.b._n have_v deserve_v the_o prize_n and_o to_o he_o let_v the_o same_o be_v give_v as_o due_a by_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o queen_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o her_o lady_n gentlewoman_n and_o all_o other_o of_o her_o highness_n court_n here_o present_a likewise_o on_o the_o party_n of_o defender_n c.d._n have_v ju_v well_o e.f._n better_a but_o g.h._n best_a of_o all_o unto_o who_o the_o prize_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o most_o mighty_a most_o excellent_a and_o virtuous_a princess_n with_o consent_n aforesaid_a this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o deliver_v the_o prize_n at_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o triumphant_a just_n perform_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o francis_n the_o french_a king_n with_o their_o nobility_n and_o gentleman_n of_o arm_n at_o their_o interviewe_n in_o picardy_n where_o the_o proclamation_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a be_v pronounce_v in_o english_a and_o french_a which_o by_o favour_n of_o master_n garter_n i_o have_v see_v record_v it_o seem_v in_o elder_a time_n the_o use_n be_v that_o the_o prince_n do_v give_v a_o letter_n of_o attestation_n to_o such_o person_n as_o wan_a any_o prize_n either_o in_o combat_n for_o life_n or_o honour_n for_o myself_o have_v read_v such_o a_o one_o grant_v by_o a_o king_n of_o france_n unto_o a_o italian_a gentl._n in_o these_o word_n follow_v whereunto_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v add_v a_o great_a and_o honourable_a ceremony_n no_o i_o filippo_n per_fw-la gratia_fw-la di_fw-it dio_fw-mi re_fw-mi di_fw-mi franza_n etc._n etc._n notifichiammo_fw-la a_o tutti_n coloro_fw-la a_o quali_fw-la perverranno_fw-mi queste_n nostre_fw-fr littere_fw-la et_fw-la che_fw-it lo_o haranno_fw-mi ah_o grado_fw-it et_fw-la in_fw-la piacere_fw-la e_fw-it generalment_fw-it a_fw-fr imperadori_fw-es re_n duchi_n marchesi_n conti_n principi_fw-la nobili_fw-la cavalierie_a gentilhuomini_fw-la come_v havendo_fw-la noi_fw-it celebrato_fw-la le_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr feste_fw-la a_o honore_fw-la a_o laud_n &_o a_o gloria_fw-la di_fw-it nostro_fw-la signior_n dio_fw-mi &_o ad_fw-la honore_fw-la di_fw-it tutti_n i_fw-it cavalieri_fw-la che_fw-it sono_fw-la venuti_fw-la a_o combattere_n a_o tutto_fw-mi transito_fw-la in_o questo_fw-la honorato_fw-mi passo_fw-la di_fw-it armi_fw-la vogliamo_fw-la che_fw-it siano_fw-it riconosciuti_fw-la coloro_fw-la che_fw-it si_fw-mi saranno_fw-mi valorosament_fw-it portati_fw-la senza_fw-it esser_fw-it mai_fw-gr vinti_fw-la pure_a una_fw-la volta_n poi_n che_fw-it si_fw-mi debbe_fw-it there_fw-mi l'honore_fw-la a_o chi_fw-mi merita_fw-la &_o ch'e_a senza_n menda_fw-la pero_n per_fw-la queste_n ordoniammo_fw-la commandiammo_fw-la e_fw-la sententiammo_fw-la che_fw-mi a_o gloria_fw-la a_o honore_fw-la a_o laud_n &_o a_o fama_fw-la del_fw-it egregio_fw-la e_fw-la virtuoso_fw-la cavalier_n n._n esso_fw-it siam_fw-it publicato_fw-la in_fw-it tutti_n quatro_fw-la i_fw-it cantoni_fw-la dell_fw-it lizze_n &_o sbarre_v da_fw-mi i_fw-it re_fw-mi d'_fw-fr armi_fw-la araldi_n &_o passavanti_fw-la con_fw-mi trombette_v e_fw-la sonatori_fw-la con_fw-mi consitimento_fw-mi nostro_fw-la &_o delli_fw-it giudici_fw-la del_fw-it campo_fw-it rappresentanti_fw-la la_fw-fr persona_fw-la nostra_fw-la per_fw-la lo_o migliore_fw-la di_fw-it tutti_n i_fw-it cavalieri_fw-la de_fw-la nostro_fw-la regno_fw-la et_fw-la commandiammo_fw-la che_fw-it siam_fw-it posto_fw-it sopra_fw-la un_fw-it cavallo_fw-la tutto_fw-mi bianco_n e_fw-it che_fw-it tutti_n coloro_fw-la che_fw-it vi_fw-it si_fw-mi truoveranno_fw-mi cosi_fw-it donne_fw-fr come_v huomini_fw-la vengono_fw-la con_fw-mi esso_fw-it noi_fw-it tutti_n a_o piedi_n e_fw-it siam_fw-it fatta_fw-it processione_n generale_fw-mi e._n n._n vada_fw-la sotto_n il_fw-it baldacchino_fw-it fino_fw-la alla_fw-mi chiesa_fw-mi appresso_fw-la commandiammo_fw-la &_o ordoniammo_fw-la che_fw-it uscendo_fw-la della_fw-it chieâ—â—_n si_fw-la vada_fw-la per_fw-la tutte_n le_fw-fr lizze_v &_o sbarre_v e._n n._n ne_fw-la prenda_fw-la la_fw-fr possessione_n e_fw-la per_fw-la i_fw-it re_fw-mi d'_fw-fr armi_fw-la gli_fw-la siano_fw-it date_n tutte_o le_fw-fr chiavi_fw-la dell_fw-it debt_n lizze_n insegno_fw-la di_fw-mi vittoria_fw-la et_fw-la ancora_fw-la commandiammo_fw-la che_fw-it siano_fw-it celebrate_v feste_fw-la che_fw-it durino_fw-it quindeci_fw-la giorni_fw-la a_o laud_n &_o gloria_fw-la del_fw-it vittorioso_fw-it n._n e_o perch_n ciascuno_fw-it conosca_fw-la la_fw-it real_n verità _fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la fatto_fw-it habbiamo_fw-la segnata_fw-la la_fw-fr present_n carta_fw-la con_v colour_n vermiglio_fw-it èsuggellata_fw-la co'l_n nostro_fw-la real_a suggillo_fw-la data_fw-la nella_fw-it nostra_fw-la citta_o di_fw-mi parigi_n a_o 4._o the_z luglio_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o in_o english_a philip_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o france_n etc._n etc._n be_v it_o know_v to_o all_o man_n unto_o who_o these_o letter_n shall_v come_v and_o to_o every_o other_o person_n that_o take_v delight_n or_o pleasure_n in_o arm_n and_o general_o to_o all_o emperor_n king_n duke_n marquis_n earl_n prince_n baron_n &_o other_o gentleman_n that_o we_o have_v celebrate_v a_o solemn_a triumph_n to_o the_o honour_n praise_n and_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o the_o commendation_n of_o such_o as_o do_v fight_v in_o this_o honourable_a action_n of_o arm_n and_o be_v desirous_a that_o they_o who_o have_v valorouslie_o perform_v their_o part_n without_o receive_v blame_n or_o disgrace_n shall_v be_v know_v to_o the_o end_n honour_n may_v be_v give_v to_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n therefore_o we_o have_v hereby_o ordain_v command_v and_o judge_v for_o the_o everlasting_a honour_n praise_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o excellent_a and_o virtuous_a gentleman_n n._n his_o name_n shall_v be_v proclaim_v in_o every_o of_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o list_n or_o place_n of_o just_n by_o the_o king_n of_o arm_n the_o herehault_n and_o pursivant_n with_o our_o allowance_n and_o by_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o field_n represent_v our_o person_n let_v all_o man_n thereby_o to_o know_v that_o the_o say_v n._n be_v the_o most_o excellent_a and_o most_o virtuous_a gentleman_n of_o arm_n in_o all_o our_o kingdom_n we_o moreover_o command_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v mount_v upon_o a_o white_a horse_n and_o that_o every_o person_n present_a aswell_o woman_n as_o man_n shall_v with_o we_o follow_v he_o in_o procession_n on_o fâ—ote_n &_o that_o the_o say_v n._n shall_v ride_v under_o a_o canopy_n unto_o the_o church_n we_o likewise_o ordain_v and_o command_v that_o in_o return_n from_o the_o church_n we_o shall_v pass_v through_o the_o place_n of_o just_n and_o there_o the_o say_v n._n to_o take_v possession_n and_o the_o key_n of_o the_o say_a list_n to_o be_v deliver_v he_o by_o the_o king_n of_o arm_n in_o sign_n of_o victory_n last_o we_o command_v that_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o feast_n shall_v continue_v the_o space_n of_o xv_o day_n to_o the_o commendation_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o victorious_a n._n and_o in_o witness_n of_o the_o very_a troth_n in_o
this_o matter_n we_o have_v sign_v these_o letter_n with_o red_a ink_n and_o thereunto_o have_v set_v our_o royal_a seal_n date_v in_o our_o city_n of_o paris_n the_o 4._o of_o july_n etc._n etc._n what_o the_o use_n at_o this_o time_n in_o like_a case_n be_v may_v appear_v by_o the_o prize_v aforesaid_a bestow_v by_o her_o majesty_n the_o five_o book_n of_o what_o quality_n a_o gentleman_n profess_v arm_n ought_v to_o be_v cap._n 1._o by_o consideration_n of_o thing_n contain_v in_o these_o book_n a_o gentleman_n may_v be_v inform_v what_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o quarrel_n or_o offence_n unto_o honour_n what_o repulse_n be_v due_a unto_o injury_n of_o all_o sort_n what_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v give_v upon_o accident_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n whereunto_o we_o add_v some_o particular_a example_n of_o certain_a combat_n for_o life_n perform_v by_o person_n of_o honour_n within_o this_o land_n and_o likewise_o have_v note_v the_o action_n most_o glorious_a in_o triumph_n bring_v before_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o forsomuch_o as_o these_o action_n of_o arm_n chief_o on_o horseback_n be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v use_v of_o noble_a personage_n and_o gentleman_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n who_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o flourish_a time_n by_o a_o general_a term_n call_v equites_fw-la and_o be_v present_o both_o of_o the_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n name_v cavallieri_n without_o respect_n to_o private_a dignity_n or_o other_o distinction_n we_o will_v therefore_o for_o this_o time_n yet_o with_o respect_n to_o each_o man_n title_n adventure_n to_o english_a the_o word_n eques_fw-la a_o gentleman_n that_o profess_v honour_n virtue_n &_o arm_n or_o any_o of_o they_o particular_o recite_v with_o what_o condition_n and_o quality_n he_o shall_v be_v endue_v which_o in_o brief_a be_v these_o 1_o first_o he_o ought_v be_v of_o good_a constitution_n in_o body_n and_o convenient_a strength_n to_o suffer_v travel_n and_o perform_v the_o action_n appertein_v to_o a_o man_n of_o arm_n 2_o second_o he_o shall_v be_v well_o favour_v of_o face_n and_o comely_a for_o common_o god_n and_o nature_n give_v beauty_n to_o such_o person_n as_o be_v destine_v to_o command_v and_o from_o other_o bear_v to_o obey_v they_o have_v withhold_v that_o favour_n which_o move_v some_o writer_n to_o affirm_v that_o the_o princely_a presence_n of_o priamus_n do_v show_v he_o to_o be_v worthy_a of_o government_n and_o command_v other_o man_n 3_o three_o he_o shall_v be_v of_o bold_a aspect_n rather_o incline_v to_o severity_n than_o softness_n which_o countenance_n the_o swisses_n and_o turk_n do_v much_o affect_v 4_o four_o he_o must_v be_v sober_a and_o discreet_a not_o incline_v to_o vain_a delight_n or_o effeminate_a pleasure_n 5_o fiftlie_o that_o he_o be_v obedient_a for_o of_o obedience_n proceed_v that_o the_o mean_a be_v content_a to_o be_v command_v by_o the_o better_a and_o the_o ignorant_a by_o those_o that_o know_v this_o virtue_n be_v great_o embrace_v of_o the_o roman_n and_o occasion_v their_o often_o victory_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v well_o observe_v among_o the_o turk_n and_o of_o the_o punishment_n for_o disobedience_n towards_o the_o military_a magistrate_n the_o roman_n have_v leave_v two_o most_o notable_a example_n the_o one_o of_o manlius_n torquatus_n who_o cause_v his_o own_o son_n for_o that_o fault_n to_o be_v slay_v notwithstanding_o he_o have_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n the_o other_o of_o papirius_n the_o dictator_n who_o for_o the_o like_a offence_n be_v punish_v by_o fabius_n rutilius_n general_n of_o the_o horseman_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n 6_o six_o he_o ought_v be_v vigilant_a and_o patient_a for_o in_o the_o one_o consist_v the_o execution_n of_o warlike_a action_n by_o the_o other_o all_o travail_n pain_n and_o misfortune_n be_v endure_v 7_o seventhly_a he_o must_v be_v faithful_a and_o loyal_a which_o quality_n be_v require_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o subject_n but_o chief_o in_o soldier_n for_o thereupon_o depend_v his_o prince_n security_n and_o state_n also_o which_o move_v vigetius_n to_o say_v that_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o prince_n consist_v in_o well_o choose_v his_o soldier_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o man_n profess_v arm_n do_v common_o swear_v by_o the_o faith_n of_o a_o soldier_n the_o french_a man_n a_o foy_fw-fr de_fw-fr soldat_fw-fr the_o italian_a a_o fe_o di_o soldato_n etc._n etc._n yea_o the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v common_o use_v this_o phrase_n a_o foy_fw-fr de_fw-fr gentle_a home_o a_o foy_fw-fr du_fw-fr chivalier_n 8_o eight_o he_o ought_v be_v constant_a and_o resolute_a because_o resolution_n make_v all_o difficulty_n easy_a and_o constancy_n or_o perseverance_n bring_v perfection_n in_o that_o he_o profess_v 9_o nine_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v charitable_a because_o war_n be_v not_o take_v in_o hand_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o country_n and_o town_n but_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o law_n and_o people_n last_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v fortunate_a since_o fortune_n be_v the_o lady_n of_o army_n because_o she_o show_v her_o virtue_n in_o nothing_o more_o than_o in_o the_o adventure_n of_o war_n of_o knighthood_n cap._n 2._o forsomuch_o as_o in_o these_o former_a book_n we_o have_v discourse_v the_o point_n of_o honour_n and_o in_o what_o sort_n the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n have_v be_v use_v in_o england_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o but_o rather_o necessary_a to_o speak_v of_o knighthood_n which_o dignity_n be_v at_o the_o beginning_n give_v chief_o for_o service_n in_o arm_n and_o valiant_a enterprise_n our_o meaning_n therefore_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o original_a occasion_n of_o the_o name_n of_o knight_n and_o how_o many_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n there_o be_v or_o have_v be_v in_o christendom_n for_o performance_n whereof_o it_o behove_v to_o know_v that_o the_o roman_n among_o who_o martial_a discipline_n be_v first_o know_v and_o name_n give_v to_o man_n for_o valorous_a merit_n divide_v their_o people_n into_o patritij_fw-la and_o plebei_fw-la after_o that_o time_n another_o division_n be_v make_v as_o senatores_fw-la equites_fw-la and_o plebs_fw-la as_o the_o french_a have_v at_o this_o day_n les_fw-fr noble_n &_o la_fw-fr populaire_a or_o gentiles_n home_n &_o villain_n and_o we_o in_o england_n divide_v our_o man_n into_o four_o sort_n gentleman_n citizens_z yeoman_n artificer_n and_o labourer_n of_o gentleman_n the_o first_o and_o principal_n be_v the_o king_n the_o prince_n dukes_z marquis_n earl_n viconts_n and_o baron_n these_o be_v the_o nobility_n and_o be_v call_v lord_n or_o nobleman_n next_o to_o these_o be_v knight_n esquire_n and_o simple_a gentleman_n which_o last_o number_n may_v be_v call_v nobilitas_fw-la minor_fw-la for_o they_o in_o parliament_n have_v no_o place_n among_o the_o lord_n therefore_o the_o baron_n or_o degree_n of_o lord_n do_v resemble_v the_o dignity_n of_o senator_n in_o rome_n and_o the_o title_n of_o our_o nobility_n be_v like_a unto_o the_o patritij_fw-la when_o the_o patritij_fw-la do_v signify_v senatores_fw-la aut_fw-la senatorum_fw-la filii_fw-la but_o that_o degree_n which_o we_o do_v now_o call_v knighthood_n be_v most_o like_a unto_o the_o title_n in_o rome_n name_v equestris_n ordo_fw-la yet_o other_o opinion_n there_o be_v both_o of_o the_o beginning_n and_o name_n of_o knight_n as_o well_o among_o the_o italian_n as_o the_o spaniard_n but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a it_o seem_v that_o until_o equestris_n ordo_fw-la be_v erect_v in_o rome_n there_o be_v no_o such_o degree_n of_o man_n as_o we_o call_v knight_n neither_o be_v that_o name_n give_v with_o such_o ceremony_n and_o show_n of_o dignity_n as_o since_o have_v be_v use_v yet_o some_o there_o be_v that_o fail_v not_o to_o affirm_v that_o knighthood_n have_v the_o original_n from_o romulus_n in_o this_o sort_n that_o king_n have_v settle_v his_o government_n in_o rome_n partly_o for_o security_n &_o partly_o for_o magnificence_n erect_v three_o band_n of_o horseman_n the_o first_o call_v romence_v after_o his_o own_o name_n the_o next_o titience_n after_o tito_n tatio_fw-la and_o the_o three_o luceria_n whereof_o only_o i_o think_v livy_n make_v mention_v hereupon_o they_o will_v infer_v that_o knighthood_n begin_v under_o romulus_n the_o spaniard_n do_v hold_v opinion_n that_o when_o faith_n and_o plain_o deal_v decay_v those_o man_n that_o make_v profession_n of_o war_n every_o thousand_o do_v choose_v but_o one_o man_n who_o they_o think_v to_o be_v of_o great_a wisdom_n courage_n and_o courtesy_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v do_v they_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o a_o horse_n as_o be_v repute_v to_o excel_v the_o rest_n for_o beauty_n force_n and_o other_o perfection_n and_o forthwith_o give_v that_o beast_n unto_o that_o man_n who_o they_o have_v choose_v as_o though_o their_o intention_n be_v to_o conjoin_v that_o singular_a beast_n unto_o that_o notable_a
man_n name_v he_o cavaliero_n which_o signify_v horseman_n though_o we_o improper_o english_a it_o knight_n thus_o much_o be_v say_v in_o general_a concern_v gentleman_n that_o make_v profession_n of_o arm_n who_o the_o roman_n as_o it_o seem_v sometime_o call_v milites_fw-la and_o some_o other_o time_n equites_fw-la the_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n cavalieri_fw-la the_o french_a chevalier_n but_o in_o our_o language_n as_o be_v now_o use_v none_n be_v call_v knight_n but_o only_o they_o that_o have_v that_o title_n give_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n with_o a_o ceremony_n thereunto_o belong_v and_o of_o knight_n make_v according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o england_n be_v diverse_a degree_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v declare_v the_o original_n of_o knighthood_n give_v as_o dignity_n and_o what_o prince_n have_v authority_n to_o make_v knight_n cap._n 3._o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o some_o writer_n that_o alexander_n the_o great_a with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o learned_a tutor_n aristotle_n resolve_v to_o bestow_v upon_o such_o person_n as_o have_v do_v any_o notable_a service_n in_o the_o war_n some_o honour_n and_o degree_n in_o token_n of_o extraordinary_a virtue_n and_o notable_a merit_n and_o therefore_o give_v unto_o some_o badge_n to_o some_o cheine_n to_o some_o privilege_n and_o other_o such_o like_a demonstration_n of_o honour_n the_o roman_a emperor_n in_o like_a manner_n sometime_o before_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o service_n and_o sometime_o after_o bestow_v not_o only_o commendation_n but_o also_o dignity_n on_o those_o who_o virtue_n they_o think_v so_o worthy_a as_o crownet_n of_o bay_n of_o gold_n of_o myrtill_a or_o some_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o the_o giver_n they_o give_v also_o horse_n sword_n armour_n arm_v garment_n &_o such_o like_a and_o they_o that_o receive_v they_o in_o token_n of_o honour_n keep_v they_o careful_o in_o perpetual_a memory_n of_o their_o own_o valour_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o prince_n who_o give_v they_o by_o this_o mean_a also_o they_o become_v much_o admire_v and_o esteem_v of_o all_o other_o soldier_n afterward_o for_o more_o encouragement_n of_o virtuous_a mind_n other_o prince_n think_v meet_v that_o the_o memorable_a act_n of_o soldier_n shall_v be_v in_o perpetual_a memory_n write_v and_o such_o privilege_n as_o be_v give_v to_o be_v record_v call_v they_o in_o those_o writing_n valiant_a man_n companion_n in_o arm_n victorious_a soldier_n and_o knight_n which_o manner_n of_o proceed_v do_v animate_v the_o man_n of_o war_n no_o less_o than_o the_o great_a portraiture_n which_o the_o old_a roman_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v for_o those_o that_o have_v perform_v egregious_a act_n touch_v the_o make_n of_o knight_n we_o say_v that_o every_o prince_n sovereign_a have_v power_n to_o give_v that_o dignity_n to_o what_o person_n it_o please_v he_o as_o well_o in_o peace_n as_o war_n but_o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o knight_n make_v be_v of_o more_o or_o less_o reputation_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o that_o prince_n that_o make_v they_o for_o he_o that_o be_v make_v knight_n by_o a_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o a_o knight_n make_v by_o a_o prince_n of_o mean_a title_n wherefore_o to_o conclude_v we_o say_v that_o a_o emperor_n king_n duke_n and_o other_o prince_n acknowledge_v no_o superior_a may_v make_v knight_n and_o so_o may_v common_a weal_n as_o the_o venetian_a and_o genoa_n state_n the_o pope_n also_o do_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o make_v knight_n for_o money_n call_v they_o common_o after_o their_o own_o name_n cavallieri_n di_fw-fr san_n petro_n san_n paulo_n giuliani_n pij_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o manner_n of_o make_v knight_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1020._o cap._n 4._o in_o that_o age_n a_o prince_n determine_v to_o make_v a_o knight_n cause_v a_o high_a scaffold_n to_o be_v build_v in_o some_o cathedral_n church_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o other_o spacious_a place_n near_o 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sure_o it_o be_v we_o in_o our_o english_a do_v call_v he_o knight_n who_o the_o french_a do_v call_v chevalier_n and_o the_o latin_a equitem_fw-la or_o equestris_n ordinis_fw-la touch_v the_o make_n of_o these_o english_a knight_n the_o manner_n be_v this_o he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v knight_n be_v strike_v by_o the_o prince_n with_o a_o sword_n draw_v upon_o his_o back_n or_o shoulder_n the_o prince_n say_v soy_v chevalier_n and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v add_v s._n george_n and_o when_o the_o knight_n rise_v the_o prince_n say_v auancé_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o dub_a knight_n at_o this_o present_a and_o that_o term_v dubbing_z be_v the_o old_a term_n in_o this_o point_n and_o not_o create_v these_o sort_n of_o knight_n be_v by_o the_o herehault_n call_v knight_n bachelor_n of_o knight_n of_o the_o bath_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o a_o king_n or_o queen_n there_o be_v make_v knight_n of_o the_o bath_n with_o long_a and_o curious_a ceremony_n whereof_o i_o be_o not_o 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any_o lady_n of_o honour_n require_v service_n at_o his_o hand_n he_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o have_v power_n shall_v be_v call_v for_o ever_o the_o discourteous_a knight_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o eat_v alone_o nor_o at_o any_o time_n feed_v upon_o gross_a meat_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o enter_v quarrel_n with_o any_o of_o his_o fellow_n knight_n or_o if_o any_o such_o disagreement_n do_v happen_v that_o he_o nor_o any_o other_o knight_n shall_v make_v party_n but_o by_o all_o good_a mean_n seek_v to_o reconcile_v they_o upon_o pain_n to_o pay_v a_o mark_n towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o next_o just_n that_o if_o any_o man_n not_o be_v of_o this_o order_n shall_v presume_v to_o wear_v the_o band_n that_o then_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v with_o two_o knight_n but_o vanquish_a they_o shall_v be_v also_o a_o knight_n himself_o &_o be_v vanquish_v shall_v be_v banish_v the_o court_n and_o never_o to_o wear_v the_o band._n that_o if_o at_o any_o just_n or_o tournament_n in_o the_o court_n a_o gentleman_n be_v not_o of_o the_o order_n shall_v win_v the_o prize_n than_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v forthwith_o to_o make_v he_o a_o knight_n of_o the_o band._n that_o if_o any_o knight_n of_o the_o band_n do_v offer_v to_o draw_v his_o sword_n against_o any_o of_o his_o fellow_n for_o so_o do_v shall_v absent_v himself_o two_o month_n and_o two_o other_o month_n wear_v but_o half_o his_o band._n and_o if_o a_o knight_n do_v hurt_v his_o fellow_n in_o arm_n he_o shall_v be_v imprison_v one_o half_a year_n and_o the_o next_o half_a year_n be_v banish_v the_o court._n that_o no_o knight_n for_o any_o offence_n shall_v be_v punish_v or_o judge_v before_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o pleasure_n signify_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v ever_o furnish_v to_o attend_v on_o the_o king_n whensoever_o he_o go_v to_o the_o war_n and_o if_o any_o battle_n be_v strike_v then_o ought_v these_o knight_n joint_o to_o give_v the_o charge_n and_o if_o in_o any_o such_o service_n a_o knight_n perform_v not_o his_o part_n he_o shall_v lose_v one_o year_n pay_n and_o one_o other_o year_n wear_v but_o half_a the_o band._n that_o no_o knight_n shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o serve_v in_o any_o war_n save_v only_o against_o the_o infidel_n or_o attend_v on_o the_o king_n to_o any_o other_o war_n to_o wear_v no_o band_n and_o if_o he_o serve_v any_o other_o prince_n in_o his_o war_n he_o shall_v lose_v the_o band._n that_o all_o the_o knight_n shall_v assemble_v three_o time_n a_o year_n to_o consult_v upon_o matter_n pertain_v to_o the_o order_n the_o assembly_n be_v at_o such_o place_n as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o appoint_v and_o there_o they_o await_v with_o their_o horse_n and_o armour_n the_o first_o meeting_n be_v in_o april_n the_o second_o in_o september_n and_o the_o last_o in_o christmas_n that_o all_o the_o knight_n of_o this_o order_n shall_v fight_v at_o the_o turney_n at_o the_o least_o twice_o every_o year_n just_o four_o time_n a_o year_n play_v at_o the_o cane_n six_o time_n a_o year_n and_o manage_v horse_n every_o week_n and_o who_o so_o fail_v to_o perform_v all_o or_o any_o of_o these_o knightly_a exercise_n shall_v attend_v on_o the_o king_n one_o month_n without_o a_o sword_n and_o one_o other_o month_n without_o a_o band._n that_o if_o the_o king_n do_v come_v to_o any_o city_n or_o town_n that_o then_o the_o knight_n within_o eight_o day_n after_o shall_v prepare_v a_o place_n for_o the_o just_n and_o turniament_n they_o shall_v also_o exercise_v all_o other_o warlike_a weapon_n and_o if_o any_o knight_n be_v negligent_a in_o these_o thing_n he_o shall_v be_v confine_v to_o his_o lodging_n and_o wear_v but_o half_a the_o band._n that_o no_o knight_n may_v remain_v in_o court_n without_o a_o mistress_n with_o intent_n to_o marry_v she_o and_o not_o dishonour_v she_o and_o whensoever_o she_o please_v to_o walk_v he_o be_v to_o attend_v on_o she_o on_o foot_n or_o horseback_n to_o do_v she_o all_o honour_n and_o service_n that_o if_o any_o just_n be_v hold_v within_o ten_o mile_n of_o the_o court_n every_o knight_n to_o be_v there_o under_o pain_n to_o go_v without_o his_o sword_n for_o one_o month_n and_o without_o his_o band_n another_o month_n that_o if_o any_o of_o these_o knight_n be_v marry_v within_o twenty_o mile_n of_o the_o court_n all_o the_o rest_n shall_v accompany_v he_o to_o the_o king_n to_o receive_v a_o gift_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o place_n of_o wedding_n to_o exercise_v feat_n of_o arm_n there_o and_o every_o knight_n to_o present_v the_o bride_n with_o some_o gift_n that_o the_o first_o sunday_n of_o every_o month_n all_o the_o knight_n shall_v show_v themselves_o arm_v before_o the_o king_n ready_a to_o perform_v any_o action_n of_o arm_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n for_o the_o king_n will_v not_o have_v they_o be_v only_o knight_n in_o name_n but_o in_o deed_n also_o that_o in_o no_o turniament_n there_o shall_v be_v more_o knight_n than_o thirty_o on_o one_o party_n and_o so_o many_o on_o the_o other_o party_n &_o that_o no_o sword_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o place_n but_o such_o as_o be_v rabbate_v both_o of_o edge_n and_o point_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n the_o fight_n shall_v begin_v and_o at_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o clarion_n every_o man_n to_o cease_v from_o fight_n and_o retire_v upon_o pain_n that_o who_o so_o fail_v shall_v never_o more_o enter_v into_o that_o combat_n and_o be_v banish_v the_o court_n for_o one_o month_n that_o at_o every_o day_n of_o just_n each_o knight_n shall_v pass_v four_o carierae_n before_o four_o knight_n appoint_v for_o judge_n &_o they_o who_o break_v no_o staff_n in_o those_o course_n shall_v pay_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o just_n that_o if_o any_o knight_n be_v sick_a and_o in_o peril_n of_o death_n all_o other_o his_o fellow_n knight_n shall_v visit_v he_o and_o exhort_v he_o to_o godliness_n and_o if_o indeed_o he_o do_v die_v to_o accompany_v his_o corpse_n to_o the_o grave_n also_o to_o mourn_v in_o black_a one_o whole_a month_n and_o absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n except_o the_o king_n shall_v otherwise_o command_v that_o within_o two_o day_n after_o such_o funeral_n all_o the_o knight_n shall_v assemble_v and_o present_v the_o band_n of_o the_o dead_a knight_n unto_o the_o king_n make_v humble_a suit_n for_o some_o of_o his_o son_n to_o succeed_v if_o any_o of_o they_o be_v meet_v pray_v it_o will_v please_v his_o majesty_n to_o be_v good_a to_o the_o mother_n that_o she_o may_v live_v according_a to_o her_o honourable_a call_n knight_n of_o san_n jago_n cap._n 13._o next_o unto_o the_o knight_n aforesaid_a for_o honour_n and_o estimation_n be_v these_o knight_n of_o s._n james_n in_o spain_n by_o the_o spaniard_n call_v cavalieri_fw-la di_fw-it san_n jago_n the_o original_n of_o which_o order_n be_v this_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o arabian_n have_v well_o near_o conquer_v that_o country_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o spanish_a people_n refuse_v to_o live_v under_o the_o law_n of_o that_o barbarous_a nation_n retire_v themselves_o unto_o the_o mounteine_v of_o asturia_n and_o there_o settle_v a_o government_n after_o some_o year_n of_o their_o abode_n there_o certain_a gentleman_n consult_v together_o determine_v to_o make_v a_o assotiation_n and_o begin_v a_o war_n upon_o the_o infidel_n these_o gentleman_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirteen_o be_v all_o baron_n and_o man_n of_o great_a quality_n agree_v also_o upon_o certain_a religious_a rule_n of_o knighthood_n yet_o reserve_v unto_o themselves_o liberty_n of_o marriage_n the_o ensign_n which_o they_o resolve_v to_o wear_v
be_v a_o red_a cross_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o sword_n this_o order_n be_v erect_v at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o king_n don_n ramiro_n win_v the_o victory_n against_o the_o moor_n in_o the_o province_n of_o compostella_n at_o which_o time_n great_a possession_n and_o privilege_n be_v give_v to_o s._n james_n of_o compostella_n anno._n 1030._o this_o order_n have_v one_o chief_a governor_n who_o be_v call_v great_a master_n he_o with_o thirteen_o other_o knight_n have_v authority_n to_o choose_v or_o remove_v any_o knight_n at_o their_o discretion_n upon_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o all_o saint_n these_o knight_n do_v use_v to_o meet_v and_o consult_v upon_o matter_n appertein_v to_o their_o estate_n the_o revenue_n belong_v to_o these_o knight_n be_v marvellous_a amount_v to_o many_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n many_o pope_n have_v give_v their_o allowance_n to_o this_o order_n yet_o either_o they_o can_v not_o or_o will_v not_o reserve_v a_o great_a tribute_n thereof_o than_o ten_o malachini_fw-la yearly_a knight_n of_o calatrava_n cap._n 14._o by_o imitation_n of_o the_o order_n aforesaid_a be_v this_o knighthood_n of_o calatrava_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1130._o the_o inventor_n thereof_o be_v don_n santio_n king_n of_o toledo_n they_o be_v call_v knight_n of_o calatrava_n of_o the_o province_n and_o place_n where_o they_o be_v make_v and_o settle_v which_o be_v where_o ancientlie_o the_o chief_a church_n of_o templar_n have_v be_v who_o not_o be_v of_o power_n sufficient_a to_o resist_v the_o saracen_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o place_n unto_o these_o knight_n the_o habit_n of_o these_o knight_n be_v a_o black_a garment_n and_o upon_o it_o in_o the_o breast_n be_v set_v a_o red_a crosse._n these_o knight_n have_v also_o exceed_o great_a possession_n and_o many_o commandry_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o spain_n knight_n of_o alcantara_n cap._n 15._o these_o knight_n live_v in_o effect_n under_o the_o ordinance_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o former_a do_v wear_v a_o green_a crosse._n near_o unto_o the_o city_n of_o alcantara_n in_o castiglia_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o tago_n they_o have_v a_o church_n of_o great_a beauty_n endow_v with_o rich_a possession_n knight_n of_o montesio_n cap._n 16._o in_o valentia_n be_v the_o cavallieri_n di_fw-it montesio_n a_o place_n also_o seat_v in_o that_o province_n these_o knight_n do_v wear_v a_o red_a cross_n and_o their_o order_n begin_v about_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o knighthood_n of_o calatrava_n take_v beginning_n knight_n of_o redemption_n cap._n 17._o these_o knight_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n by_o king_n james_n who_o conquer_v the_o island_n maiorica_n and_o minorica_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1212._o their_o garment_n be_v white_a and_o thereon_o a_o black_a crosse._n the_o office_n of_o these_o knight_n be_v to_o redeem_v prisoner_n whereupon_o they_o be_v call_v cavalieri_fw-la della_fw-it redentione_fw-la the_o chief_a governor_n of_o they_o remain_v at_o bercellona_n knight_n of_o s._n john_n in_o jerusalem_n of_o some_o call_v knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o now_o knight_n of_o malta_n cap._n 18._o it_o be_v write_v with_o what_o warrant_v i_o know_v not_o that_o at_o the_o city_n of_o amiens_n in_o picardy_n a_o province_n of_o france_n there_o be_v bear_v a_o certain_a gentleman_n who_o in_o his_o childhood_n have_v be_v bring_v up_o in_o learning_n and_o be_v grow_v to_o man_n estate_n dispose_v himself_o to_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n and_o therein_o long_a time_n continue_v afterward_o have_v attein_v ripe_a year_n he_o despise_v the_o world_n and_o frame_v himself_o to_o a_o solitary_a life_n as_o one_o full_o resolve_v to_o live_v in_o contemplation_n unseen_a of_o any_o but_o god_n alone_o have_v sometime_o remain_v in_o that_o solitary_a sort_n a_o sudden_a desire_n he_o have_v to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n where_o christ_n be_v bury_v which_o short_o after_o he_o do_v and_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v with_o security_n pass_v the_o barbarous_a nation_n he_o apparel_v himself_o like_o unto_o a_o physician_n by_o which_o mean_v without_o impediment_n he_o perform_v his_o journey_n thus_o have_v pass_v the_o difficulty_n of_o travel_n in_o diverse_a strange_a country_n he_o arrive_v at_o jerusalem_n and_o be_v there_o fall_v into_o acquaintance_n with_o simon_n patriarch_n of_o that_o city_n and_o in_o lament_v wise_a inform_v he_o of_o the_o oppression_n and_o cruelty_n offer_v and_o daily_a use_v by_o the_o infidel_n towards_o the_o poor_a christian_n whereunto_o simon_n answer_v that_o albeit_o the_o christian_n in_o those_o country_n endure_v great_a outrage_n yet_o they_o of_o jerusalem_n suffer_v much_o great_a and_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o more_o if_o god_n do_v not_o defend_v they_o by_o this_o conference_n the_o patriarch_n conceive_v peter_n the_o hermit_n for_o so_o he_o be_v call_v to_o be_v a_o man_n of_o good_a understanding_n and_o apt_a to_o execute_v any_o action_n of_o importance_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v unto_o he_o whereupon_o the_o patriarch_n determine_v to_o make_v he_o a_o messenger_n unto_o the_o pope_n unto_o who_o by_o letter_n he_o impart_v the_o great_a calamity_n and_o afflict_a estate_n of_o the_o poor_a christian_n inhabit_v the_o holy_a land_n peter_n have_v receive_v his_o instruction_n and_o letter_n of_o credence_n return_v into_o the_o west_n first_o unto_o the_o pope_n and_o after_o solicit_v other_o prince_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o with_o so_o good_a success_n as_o by_o his_o persuasion_n many_o great_a king_n and_o potentate_n consent_v to_o take_v in_o hand_n the_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n from_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o infidel_n and_o some_o of_o they_o furnish_v that_o enterprise_n with_o man_n some_o with_o money_n and_o some_o do_v go_v in_o person_n among_o which_o number_n as_o the_o chief_a be_v robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n son_n to_o king_n william_n of_o england_n godfrey_n duke_n of_o lorayn_n with_o 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such_o time_n as_o this_o war_n be_v proclaim_v in_o chiaramont_n a_o city_n of_o auernia_fw-la endeavour_v themselves_o universallie_o to_o animate_v the_o soldier_n and_o join_v in_o general_a prayer_n for_o their_o good_a success_n give_v they_o meat_n apparel_n and_o furniture_n unasked_a or_o require_v moreover_o those_o that_o be_v indebt_v be_v forgive_v and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v banish_v be_v pardon_v the_o woman_n also_o contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n willing_o and_o with_o much_o joy_n consent_v their_o husband_n and_o son_n shall_v pass_v in_o this_o enterprise_n and_o for_o their_o furniture_n give_v they_o their_o jewel_n cheine_n and_o money_n the_o french_a king_n likewise_o send_v they_o great_a treasure_n and_o give_v privilege_n to_o the_o soldier_n land_n and_o wife_n in_o their_o husband_n absence_n and_o many_o great_a prince_n and_o other_o lord_n sell_v and_o impawn_v their_o patrimony_n to_o further_o this_o action_n so_o as_o the_o army_n assemble_v for_o this_o holy_a enterprise_n amount_v unto_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o footman_n and_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o horse_n who_o present_o march_v towards_o constantinople_n where_o they_o pass_v the_o straight_o call_v bosphoro_n tracio_n and_o land_v at_o calcedonia_n for_o the_o first_o enterprise_n they_o besiege_v nicaea_n in_o bithynia_n which_o within_o fifty_o day_n be_v yield_v and_o the_o four_o of_o july_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o certain_a mounteine_v near_o unto_o that_o city_n the_o christian_n fight_v a_o battle_n with_o a_o turkish_a army_n which_o in_o number_n exceed_v we_o and_o thereat_o be_v present_a soliman_n the_o emperor_n of_o turkey_n and_o persia_n but_o the_o christian_n have_v victory_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o thousand_o man_n but_o of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v forty_o thousand_o this_o victory_n gain_v the_o christian_n follow_v their_o enterprise_n within_o short_a time_n win_v a_o hundred_o city_n and_o town_n of_o account_n &_o among_o