Kings Forces under the Marquess of Newcastle at Wakefield and buoyed up the sinking interest of that Cause Monmouth likewise was taken by the Parliaments Forces under the command of Sir William Waller who also took Hereford and other places This in sum more particularly now Of the West where the Kings interest bore the greatest sway we have hitherto said little It will be now time to turn that way and see from what beginnings the War arose in that quarter where for the most part its principal events and concerns were placed Two Proclamations were about this time published one from the Earl of Cumberland the other from the Earl of Newcastle whereby Ferdinando Lord Fairfax Sir Thomas Fairfax Sir Matthew Bointon Sir Edward Loftus Sir Henry Forbes Sir Thomas Malleverer Sir Richard Darby Sir Christopher Wray Sir Henry Anderson Sir Iohn Savil Sir Edward Rodes Sir Hugh Cholmley Sir Thomas Rennington Sir Thomas Norcliffe and others were declared Traytors which the Parliament retaliate upon the Earls in like manner The menage of the Military matters there were on the Kings part as to the remote Counties of Cornwal and Devon shire after the Retreat of the Marquess of Hertford Lieutenant-General of the Western Association with Sir Lewis Dives out of Sherburn where they were besieged by the Earl of Bedford but in vain in Dorcester-shire was committed to four eminent persons viz. the Lord Mohun Sir Ralph Hopton Colonel Ashburnham and Sir Iohn Barkley by whose joynt Counsels and Forces levyed by their respective Friends and Interests an Army was framed to oppose the Earl of Stamford then coming down from Glocester where he first was made Governour as Lord-Lieutenant joyntly with the Lord Roberts of the same County to settle the Militia for the Parliament having a Commission therefore according to that Ordinance which service was well advanced At the approach of this enemy near Liskard it was taken into consideration to whom the alone charge and ordering of the Battel should be intrusted for four would breed distraction whereupon the business of the day was deservedly devolved upon Sir Ralph Hopton who had been an old Souldier in the Low-Countries and yet before the War had been taken for a Puritan and a Commonwealths-man against the Prerogative he was desired by them all as hitherto they had prevented any such division by an equal moderation to take it upon him After therefore he had commanded publique prayers in the head of every Squadron which was performed he drew up the Foot in the best Order he could placing a Forlorn of Musqueteers in the little enclosures and then winged them with the Horse and Dragoons he had This done two Minion small Drakes being fetched from the Lord Mohuns house were planted within random-shot of the enemy concealed by the Horse from them which were discharged with such success that the enemy quickly quitted their ground and in a rout fled on which the Royalists did sparing execution There were taken 1250 prisoners most of their Colours all their Canon Arms and Ammunition and so the Victor-Army came that night to Liskard Salt-Ash was assaulted and forced by Sir Ralph Hopton where he took ten pieces of Ordnance 700 more Prisoners 400 Arms and a Ship with 16 pieces of Ordnance Litchfield was no sooner delivered to the Parliamentarians but Spencer the valiant Earl of Northampton comes and besieges it again for the King and summons the Governour Lieutenant-Colonel Russel to deliver it to him he refuseth and in the interim Sir Wiliam Brereton and Sir Iohn Gell advance to his relief with 3000 men and upwards against these the Earl draws off a Party from the Leaguer and at Hopton-Heath on a ground full of Cony-boroughs which afforded ill footing for Horse of which the Earls Forces chiefly consisted Charges the Parliamentarians where at last he obtained a Victory with the price of his life a dear bargain for the King and his Cause of which he was a most magnanimous Assertor he was first unhors'd whether by the disadvantage of the Ground or born down by the Enemies is uncertain he refused quarter and was killed by a private unlucky hand His Forces returned afresh to the Siege where soon after they were seconded by Prince Rupert who having coasted the Country from his summons of Glocester into Wales returned back by Litchfield where he so powerfully carried on the Siege that the stout Governour was compelled to hearken to his Terms and surrender that place which continued for the King throughout the War the price it cost being well worth and requiring the safe keeping of the Jewel The rendition was the 16 day of April I would not disjoyn the story for the years sake Colonel Charles Cavendish reduced Grantham to the Kings obedience taking 350 Prisoners with Officers and Colours and then demolished the Fortifications the like fortune had the Parliamentarians in recovering Marlborough from the King which was regained by them but soon after as not tenable was slighted by all parties Anno Dom. 1643. THis year began with the smart actions as before of Prince Rupert who on the third of April entred and Mastered Brimingham Town the residence of a famed Lecturer Some Welchmen were here got together for the Parliament where they made some little defence but were soon beaten up to their Barricadoes which they forsook likewise and fled betwixt 150 killed and taken some good Ammunition but all not worth the life of that stout old Earl of Denbigh who was here killed in the Service of his Soveraign Next ensued a revolt of a notable place in the North to the King as the year before began with a notable revolt of Hull to the Parliament such another parallax was throughout the War in the Western and Northern Battels if one had the better in the West at the same time the other had it in the North. Now Scarborough was delivered to the King by the means of one Captain Brown Bushel who long afterwards paid for it with his head at Tower-hill The Lord Fairfax who commanded in chief for the Parliament in the North after several Velitations and Skirmishes betwixt him and the Earls of Newcastle and Cumberland Generals for the King who had declared this Lord and his Adherents Traytors was overthrown at Bramham-Moor and the Parliaments Cause through this and other losses in those parts greatly endangered whereupon the Scots were hastily sollicited to come into the aid of their English brethren as we shall see at large hereafter Now the Parliament flew high in their consultations at home the Grandees working upon the sober part of the Parliament that the action of the Queen in bringing over Arms Money and other provisions for the assistance of the King was a dangerous destructive business wound up the anger of the two Houses to such a pitch that she was proclaimed Traytor and at the same time down went all the Crosses
making him co-ordinate with his Parliament An impious Treasonable Tenet and the corrupt Fountaâ—n and bitter source of all those undutiful and rebellious actions â—gainst that blessed Prince and since damn'd by a Parliament it self in those â—xâ—ress Epithets It thereforâ— the Indians do customarily every night with sorrowful Lamentations take leâ—ve of the Sun whom yet undoubtedly they expect in the Morning no wonder will it seem to posterity nor will these evidences of our consternation before recited be thought an hyperbolical strain if so disconsolately we saw our Sun pulled out of his Orb and darkned in the shadow of Death his Beams cut off and eloigned into obscure and remote corners from whence it was treason against these Princes of Darkness to return and with their hereditary successive influence to re-visit and revive the drooping dying hearts of a forlorn and deserted people Such was our condition in the deprivation and extinguishing of that lamp of life which supplied with so many vertues and graces rendred our Martyr'd Soveraign the most conspicuous of all Monarchs and might have prolonged his days to an extraordinary term so proportionate and fit had God and Nature made him to Eternity The same was our fearful case in the absence and exile of our present miraculously-restored Prince Charles the second whom yet wiser and kinder providence had secured in that cloud and by a timely rescue had in safety conveyed into Forrain Parts out of the reach of these Herods who would have stretched out their Hands also against his innocent and most precious Life Now when there was neither Sun Moon nor Stars the King murthered Regal Authority abolished the Heir excluded the House of Lords turned out of doors and the House of Commons turned into a Den of Thieves and packt Juncto and Conventicle of a most perdite sort of men did these Bats and Scritch-owls usurp the Dominiou of the night of our confusions and take upon them to Enact and give Laws suitable to their interests as rational as true which shewed they concerned the Law-givers not the receivers The first hoarse and ominous noise they made as a foundation and main principle of their wild Government was a fained note to catch the Vulgar and the mad rabble on whom they wholely depended and whom they were to flatter no force into slavery and servitude by the specious hopes of their arriving also in time to be Governours and States-men and to share in the honours and profits of their new Commonwealth This was concluded as is mentioned before in these few words viz. That all power and Authority is originally in the people And in order to that they now emitted a Tidy Act by way of a Proclamation which was with wonderful Expedition sounded all the Kingdom over in these or the like words That where as several pretences might be made to this Crown and Title to the Kingly Office set on foot to the apparent hazard of the publike Peace Be it Enacted and Ordained by this present Parliament and the Authority of the same that no Person whatsoever do presume to Proclaim declare publish or any ways to promote Charles Stuart Son of the said Charles late King of England commonly called Prince of Wales or any other person to be King on chief Magistrate of England or Ireland or of any Dominions belonging to them by colour of Inheritance Succession Election or any other claim whatsoever without the free consent of the People in Parliament first had or signified by a particular Act or Ordinance for that purpose any Law Statute Vsage or Custom to the contrary notwithstanding And whosoever shall contrary to this Act Proclaim or cause to be Proclaimed c. shall be deemed and adjudged a Traytor and suffer accordingly So did they contrive and imagine to obstruct and bar the way to the Throne which themselves had Invaded and parted into shares but such monstrous wickedness boyling up to an excess of malice towards the dead and living Proprietors of the Crown was not suffered to pass without an allay and cooler in a Printed Proclamation thrown about streets letting them see the people would not run a gadding after their Calves at Bethel as they would have fancied to themselves but would keep in the old path and beaten track of Government in the succession of Charles the second to the Majesty of England Which Proclamation was as followeth We the Noblemen Iudges Knights Lawyers Gentlemen Ministers Freeholders Merchants Citizens c. and other Free-men of England do according to our Allegiance and Covenant by these Presents heartily joyfully and unanimously acknowledge and Proclaim the Illustrious Charles Prince of Wales next Heir of the Blood Royal to his Blessed Father King Charles whose late wicked and Trayterous Murder we do from our soâ—ts abominate and all parties and consenters thereunto to be by Hereditary Birth-right and Lawful Succession rightful and undoubted King of Great Britain France and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging And that we will faithfully constantly and sincerely in our several places and callings defend and maintain his Royal Person Crown and Dignity with our Blates Lives and last drop of our Blood against all Opposers thereof whom we do hereby declare to be Traytors and Enemies to his Majesty and his Kingdoms In Testimony whereof we have ordered and caused these to be published and Proclaimed throughout all Countries and Corporations of this Realm the first day of February and the first year of his Majesties Raign God save King Charles the second This without any solemnity or indeed open appearance met with the chearful reception and inward Loyal resolutions as if vent had been given to a publike manifestation of Duty and Joy upon his Majesties present accession to the Crown for it revived the Hearts of mourning and disconsolate Subjects to see the sure and certain Succession thereof to be continued in the same most beloved name the Eldest Branch and descendant of their Martyr'd Soveraign in whose ruines the Regicides thought to have raked up and buried all the claims and just Titles to this Impartial Diadem In tendency whereunto they first considered how to keep the honest Members the Army had Secluded from entring in again that they might not have too many partakers in the spoil of the Kingdoms and therefore another Legislative by-blow was Enacted That all those Members that had assented to the Vote of the 5 of December concerning the Kings Concessions should never be re-admitted and such as Voted in the Negative should presently enter their said dissent or before they were to be admitted And this characteristical discrimination they most punctually insisted on to the very last as the main Pillar of their Oligarchy and we shall see this difference hardly laboured throughout their Usurpation On the 5 of February they fell again upon the standing remains of the dissolved Government the Peerage and Nobility of the Kingdom whose medling in
by which his Subjects are frighted from coming or sending to him That all men of necessary Professions be admitted to come to him Note That His Majesty had suffered his Beard to overgrow in that solitary restraint of near seven Months so that Compassion wooed where Majesty once awed That the Scots may be invited to send their Propositions The King declaring a tendâ—r affection for both his Kingdoms The King appoints Newport for the place of Treaty But urgeth the reconveniencies of Treating so far from London His Majesty 〈◊〉 the Delegates to expedite the Treaty by dispatching their Commissioners The Parliament appoint Commissioners five Lords ten Commoners And desire his Majesties Royal Word for his continuance in the Island till 20 days after the Treaty Their Votes of Non-address repealed His Majesty sends the Parliament a List of such Persons he desired might attend him The Treaty began Sept. 18. The Parliament dissatisfied with the Kings Propositions They send thanks to their Commissioners His Majesties Propositions He is willing to confess himself Author of the War rather than the Peace shall be frustrated That the Assembly of Divines shall sit at Westminster 3 years That the Directory shall be confirmed for 3 years c. That Legal Estates for Lives or Years shall be made of Bishops-lands Provided the Propriety remain in the Church That there be a Reformation and concerning Papists * Thrust in by some rigid Presbyterians and maintained there by the Independants because they knew the King would never Assent to it and so no Conclusion That the two Houses shall dispose of the Militia for 10 years or during his Reign That the affairs of Ireland be determined by the Parliam That Taxes he levied for the payment of the Army and publike Debts That all the Chief Officers of State shall be nominated by the Parl. for 10 years That the Militia of the City of London Liberties for ten years may be in the Lord Mayor Aldermen Common-Council and Sheriffs thereof With the Tower and Chief Officers thereof His Majesty proposeth his liberty to repair to Westminster and to be restored to his Revenues Proffereth an Act of Oblivion to all persons The Parliament imperious Most of their Commissioners dutiful in their behaviour towards the King The Army's Remonstrance at St. Albans The villanous heads thereof That the King be brought to Iustice. That the Prince of Wales and Duke of York render themselves by a certain day or be proclaimed Traytors That the Revenue of the Crown be sequestred That Capital punishments be inflicted on some Chief Instruments in the Wars That all Delinqâ—ents come in by a certain day or their Estates be confiscated and they to die without mercy That Fines Compositions and Confiscations be disposed for the payment of the Souldiery That the Parliament set some period to their own Power That the future Government of of the Kingdom may be setled That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election And he to accord to these Propositions as they shall be established by the Agreement of the people Something near the same stuff except what toucht the King was Signed by nine Regiments of Horse and seven of Foot and afterward promoted in London by Lieutenant-Colonel Lilburne and Mr. Prince by Petition to the Parliament who condemned both Novemb. 1647. and yet the same Moneth next year it revived The Levellers set on by Cromwel to prosecute this designe The Kings Queries to the Remonstrance A strict Guard put upon the King His Majesties Pathetick Expressions to the Parliaments Commissioners at parting His Majesties Declaration concerning the Treaty and his dislike of the Armies proceedings The Presbyterians satisfied with this Declaration and troubled at the proceedings of the Army His Majesties Letter to the Prince his Son our present Sovereign His excellent Advice to him The Army conspire to force the House The Parliament Vote the Kings Answer satisfactory Dec. 5. The Army require that the Iâ—pâ—aâ—hed Members and Major-General Brown be secured and brought to Iustice The House guarded Col. Pride Col. Hewson and Sir Hardress Waller seize on several Members Dec. 6. Hugh Peters an Agent for the Army in this Designe The Parliament impriâ—oâ—â—d Ireton 's insolent expression Major-General Brown sent prisoner to Windsor Note that Skippon thrust in that clause The Iuncto take upon them to act as a Parliament Rainsborough slain at Doncaster Oct. 29. Scarborough Castle yielded to the Parl. The Army seize the King and carry him from the Isle of Wight to Hurst Castle Dec. 1. From thence to Winchester To Farnham To Windsor The King brought to St. James 's Jan 19. Harrison 's insolent behaviour to the King The Ordinance for Trial of the King brought into the Iuncto by Tho. Scot. They Vote it Treason for the King of England to levy War against his Parliament The Vote and Ordinance carried to the Lords by the Lord Gray of Grooby The Lords cast out the Ordinance and adjourned for 7 days The Commons netled they resolve to rid their hands of King Lords and dissenting Commons An Act of the House of Commons for the Tryal of King Charles the First Jan. 9. Serjeant Dendy makes Proclamation that the Commissioners of the High Court of Iustice were to sit the next day and all persons invited to give in Evidence against Charles Stuart Proclaimed in three places Westminster Cheap-side and the Old Exchange The Names and Câ—aracters of the King's Iudges Cromwel a Native of Huntingdon-shire Ireton his Soâ—-in-law Bradshaw a Cheshire-man died obstinately 1659. He took the Oath of Allegeance but two Terms before the King's death He is rewarded with the Lord Cottington 's Estate and the Dutchy of Lancaster Harrison a Butchers Son at Newcastle in Stafford-shire was executed at Charing-Cross Octob. 1660. John Carew John Cook Sollicitor of the High Court Hugh Peters the shame of the Clergy Thomas Scot a Brewers Clerk his rash wish Gregory Clement a Merchant Adrian Scroop Brother to Sir Adrian John Jones a Serving-man marries Cromwels sister Francis Hacker a Souldier of Fortune Daniel Axtel a Country-Mercer Capt. of the Guard at the Kings Trial. Okey a Chandler near Billingsgate London a daring Commander Miles Corbet of a good Family in Norfolk Burgess for Yarmouth John Berkstead a Goldsmith Lieutenant of the Tower Thom. Pride â— Brewer 〈…〉 Isaac Ewer of 〈…〉 in Yorkshire The Lord Gray of Grooby Son to the Earl of Stamford Sir John Danvers Brother to the Loyal Earl of Danby Sir Tho. Maleverer of a good Family in Yorkshire Sir John Bourchier a diligent Independent Mercenary Col. Purefoy Governour of Coventry John Blakestone a Shop-keeper in Newcastle Sir William Constable of Yorkshire Governour of Gloucester Rich. Dean General at Sea slain by a Cannon shot Fr. Allen a Goldsmith one of the Committees for the saâ—e of Kings Lands Peregrine Pelham Governour of Hull John Moor. John Allured Humph. Edwards a Member of the Long-Parl Sir Gregory Norton John Ven a Silkman Governour of
in case of refusal or refractoriness And we are also of opinion that in such case your Majesty is sole Iudge both of the danger and when and how the same is to be prevented and avoided This was signed by all the Judges but Justice Hutton and Justice Crook whose Arguments were against it for Mr. Hambden who was sued for not paying the Twenty Shillings Taxed upon him for Shipmoney DEcember 27th 1640. Resolved by the Commons that the Charge impos'd upon the subjects for the providing and furnishing of Ships and the Aâ—â—esments for that purpose commonly called Shipmoney are against the Laws of the Realm the Subjects right of property and contrary to former resolutions in Parliament and to the Petition of Right Resolved That the Extrajudicial opinions of the Iudges published in the Star-chamber and inrolled in the Courts of Westminster are in whole and in every part of them against the Laws of the Realm the Liberty of the Subject c. This was also so resolved by the Lords and by the Parliament ordered That a Vacat be brought into the Parliament-house of all those Records concerning Ship-money Which was accordingly done February 27. the same Year the 16 of the King Die Veneris 26 die Februarii 1640. UPon the report of the right honourable the Lords Committees appointed to consider of the way of vacating of the Iudgment in the Exchequer concerning Shipmoney It was ordered by the Lords spiritual and temporal in the High Court of Parliament assembled that the Lord Keeper or the Master of the Rolls the two Lord chief Iustices and the Lord chief Baron and likewise the chief Clerk of the Star-chamber shall bring into the Vpper House of Parliament the Record in the Exchequer of the Iudgment in Mr. Hambdens case concerning Shipmoney and also the several Rolls in each several Court of the Kings-Bench Common-Pleas Exchequer Star-chamber and Chancery wherein the Iudges extrajudicial Opinions in the Cases made touching Shipmoney be entred and that a Vacat shall be made in the Vpper House of Parliament of the said several Records And likewise the Iudgment of Parliament touching the illegality of the said Iudgments in the Exchequer and the proceedings thereupon and touching the illegality of the extrajudicial Opinions of the Iudges in the said several Courts concerning Shipmoney be annexed and apostiled unto the same And that a Copy of the Iudgment of Parliament concerning the illegality of the said Iudgment in the Exchequer and the said extrajudicial Opinions of the said Iudges concerning Shipmoney be delivered to the several Iudges of the Assize And that they be required to publish the same at the Assizes in each several County within their Circuits and to take care that the same be Entred and Enrolled by the several Clerks of Assizes And if any entry be made by any Custos Rotulorum or Clerk of Assize of the said Iudgment in the Exchequer or of the said Extrajudicial Opinions of the Iudges That several Vacats be made thereof per judicium in Paliamento by judgment in Parliament And that an Act of Parliament be prepared against the said Iudgment and extrajudicial Opinions in the proceedings touching Shipmoney Vacatur istud Recordum Judicium inde habitum per considerationem judicium Dominor spiritual temporal in Parliam irrotulamentum eorum Cancellatur The two Iustices Arguments also against it were likewise Printed and published They likewise ordered a Committee to draw up a Charge against the Archbishop of Canterbury which was done and delivered to the Lords by Mr. Hollis which was seconded with another from the Scots Commissioners upon which he was committed to the black Rod and ten weeks after voted guilty of High treason and sent to the Tower The Parliament having thus removed these men and growing every day more and more upon the affections of the people they began to hammer upon the Bill for Triennial Paliaments which soon after passed both Houses and to the universal content of the Kingdom was signed by his Majesty for which the Parliament by the Lord Littleton Keeper of the great Seal gave him their most humble and hearty thanks Some former Overtures and Propositions had been made by the Dutch Ambassadors of a Marriage between the Princess Mary the Kings eldest Daughter and William Prince of Aurange which upon the arrival of the said Prince was afterwards accomplished being well approved of by both Houses by the lower whereof a Vote passed against Bishops temporal jurisdiction which was afterwards framed into an Act passed the Lords and was confirmed by the King who in all things saving his Honour and Conscience complyed with the desires of this Parliament Now came the Earl of Straffords Tryal which after various debates about the Place was appointed in Westminster-Hall the King Queen and Prince had a place built for them the Nobility had seats at the upper end of the Court the Commons in a Committee sate below several of whom as Mr. Pym Mr. St. Iohn and others managed his Accusation the Earl of Arundel was Lord High Steward and the Earl of Lindsey Lord High Constable The Charge or Impeachment consisted of Twenty eight Articles all which he so learnedly and warily answered defending himself with such sinewy Eloquence and warded the points of his accusation so dexterously that the Lords could not find the guilt which the Commons so highly exclaimed against as the greatest treason imaginable Among other witnesses Sir David Fowles and Sir William Pennyman appeared against the Earl the first of whom the Earl declared was his enemy and the latter a Member of the House of whom it was observed that having testifyed against the Earl he could not abstain from weeping Anno Dom. 1641. THe Commons seeing they could not condemn him by this proceeding they betook themselves to another by Bill of Attainder which conceding the matter of Fact sufficiently proved against him at his Tryal and by the Testimony also of the Parliament of Ireland who had prosecuted him there for the said offences condemned him as guilty of high treason This Bill stuck for a while with the Lords till the Tumults coming down and stopping their Coaches and menacing to post up the names of those who favoured him under the name of Straffordians with an impetuous cry of Iustice frighted many of the Peers to assent to the Bill which yet passed but by the plurality of seven voices against him No sooner was it past there but the Commons presented it to the King for him to sign who very much declined it but being over-perswaded by the dangers that were represented as inevitable consequents of his refusal and being also desired by the said Noble Earl himself to give the Parliament content though through the mediation of his own blood His Majesty after advice with the Bishops did pass that fatal Bill which proved the Ax against his own life I cannot pass the Tragedy of
likewise made and Expresses sent to the King then in Scotland to the Lord Lieutenant the Earl of Leicester and both Houses of Parliament at Westminster who readily voted a potent relief but by their debates and quarrels with the King on purpose retarded it till all was near lost in that Kingdom the envy whereof they loaded upon his Majesty than whom no Prince could ever be more affected with the sadness of such a calamity I may not omit that Owen O Conally who was sent with the express to the Parliament was rewarded by them according to the desire of the Council of Ireland with 200 l. in money and 200 l. a year pension till lands of inheritance could be setled on him The Earl of Ormond was now marched to Dublin with the title of Lieutenant-General and a Troop of 100 Curâ—asiers compleatly armed Sir Thomas Lucas and Captain Armstrong old Souldiers and Captain Yarner arrived out of England as did Col. Crawford for whom a Regiment was raised as Troops for the other 600 Foot had been also provided under the conduct of Major Roper to march as Recruits to Tredagh at the instance of the Governour and accordingly on the 27th of November they begun this short Expedition accompanied with 50 Horse of the Earl of Ormonds under Sir Patrick Weems but by ill conduct and loytering in the way and the unexpertness of those raw foot-Souldiers they were of a sudden in a mist attaqued by a body of the Rebels near Iulian Town-bridg and there being deserted by the horse most shamefully routed three of the Captains with all the English except 100 that escaped with Major Roper to Drogheda being cut off The news whereof arrived to the Governour just as he was returned from the place of his disappointed meeting with them the day before by reason of their delayed advance Proud with this success as with the taking of Mellefont-house the Mansion of the Lord Moor which had been stoutly defended they made sure of Tredagh and drew their â—orces about it whereas had they marched for Dublin where they had too many friends and whence Sir Charles Coot was marched into the County of Wicklow to repress the insolencies of the Birns and Tools towards the poor English from whom they had taken Carews fort and possessed themselves of the chief Gentlemens houses they might have carried both places At Wicklow Sir Charles executed some murderous Irish but being caâ—â—ed to Dublin he was encountred by Luke Tool and 1000 Irish whom he quickly made run into a Bog with some loss and came safe home Now the Lords and Gentry of the English Pale plainly discovered themselves and as is touched before assisted in the siege of Tredagh and thereby Lemster and Vlster became United in this Rebellion in which Munster was not engaged till December At this time also they emitted their Declaration wherein they decâ—ared for the exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion their Rights and Priviledges and the Kings Prerogative and justified their taking arms to those purposes by the example of the Scots who had obtained their demands thereby And next they presume to face Dublin theatning to encamp at Clantarfe very near the Harbour thereof which they intended to stop from receiving any succours but at the approach of Sir Charles Coot they fled thence and the Town was pillaged and some part burnt for that they had robbed a Barge and some of the goods were found in Mr. Kings house who with Luke Nettervil and others had now encamped themselves again at Swords within six miles of Dublin with 20000 men and had possessed the Castle of Artain and other places within two miles thereof At Castle-Lyons and Rath there lay 2000 more who came out of Caterlagh Kings County and Kildare under Roger Moor. This was on the East-side on the South-side lay the Birnes and the Tools who had lodged themselves in Castles near the Sea-side and some Villages at the foot of the Mountains so that their Forces now in Lemster amounted to 20000 men About this time the Naas and Kildare were taken as were Trim and Ashbey in the County of Meath by the Rebels and no better news was to be hoped for or expected besides now the market of Dublin could not be supplied the enemy every where so encompassed it Tredagh nevertheless held out gallantly till the arrival of Sir Simon Harcourt with his Regiment out of England and some supplies of money and more men and arms were daily expected which deceiving the opinion of the Rebels so disheartned them after many fruitless attemps made upon that Town that they broke up their siege and marched Northwards but in their way Sir Henry Titchburn sallied out and overtook them and gave them a defeat and pursuing his success recovered Dundalk again by storm while Sir Phelim O Neal hardly escaped over the River and fled back to Vlster where Major-General Sir George Monro who commanded the Scotch forces whose Plantations fared no better than the English when the Irish had once mastered ours lent the Parliament by agreement at Edinburgh in revenge of those spoils and massacres committed made the same bloody havock and waste and in the beginning of the next year took in and recovered sundry Towns and Castles particularly the Newry which with the like successes of Sir Simon Harcourt and Sir Charles Coot in Lemster had almost flag'd the hearts of the Irish and made them willing to a Cessation Leave we that Kingdom in a forlorn miserable bleeding condition and cast an eye homeward The King soon after his return to rest and vacate himself a little from the toil and burden of business retired to Hampton-Court whence notwithstanding the importunity of his affairs straight recalled him to his Court at White-Hall where he was sundry times tumulted by a numerous rabble out of London crying out No Bishops with other affronting language to the King himself as they passed by the Court-Gates to Westminster where Col. Lunsford then nominated to be Lieutenant of the Tower but not confided in by the Citizens no more than others appointed to that charge till Sir William Balfour had possession thereof and some other Gentlemen drew upon them and wounded some of them which so exasperated them that the next time they came down armed and in greater numbers to the terror and affrightment of the parts adjacent to the Court an ill omen or presage of those dire revolutions which followed The beginning of these uproars were like themselves at first tumultuary and consisted of the rabble onely but the kind reception they found from some Parliament-Members who tacitely encouraged their rude clamours and smiled upon their numbers moved Citizens of the best quality to joyn with those Club-men and now they began to marshal their multitudes into rank and File the eminent zealots some of them Aldermens fellows being right-hand-men or else placing themselves in the intervals like Officers and upon their return
Pardon to take away all suspition from the five Members Several Petitions were presented to the Parliament from the Countries about the foresaid matters and one from the Buckinghamshire-men to the King himself in vindication of their Countryman Mr. Hambden To this Petition the King demur'd intent onely on the Irish business whose miseries pierced him to the quick being neither able effectually to relieve them the Rebels being Masters of the chiefest places there nor to put any thing here in a way oâ— forwardness thereto through the cross proceedings and difficulties of his affairs here The King was departed from Hampton-Court in company with the Queen and his Daughter the Princess of Aurange to Dover to see them shipped for Holland Whither the Queen conveyed away most of the Crown-Jewels which she pledged for money and Arms for the King her Husband and for which she was afterwards voted a Traytor the Parliament being doing it at her departure Now he returned straight to Greenwich from thence having the Prince in his company to Theobalds Still the difference widened more and more according as he removed from London to which he was importunately desired to return by both Houses by the Members thereof who continued sitting though the Grandees of the Faction were well contented with what distance he kept from them as rendring their pretended Jealousies and Fears more and more credible to the deluded people From Theobalds the misunderstanding still increasing betwixt the King and two Houses he removed North-ward first to Royston thence to Newmarket and in conclusion to York having received and answered several Messages from the Parliament by the way The principal difference between the King and them was the Militia this was disputed betwixt them the King claiming it as an unseparable right of the Crown and the Houses urging the management of it for present satisfaction and safety and had thereupon nominated Officers which designation the King disallowed And now the rupture was visible I have thought fit therefore to insert both the Commission of Array and the Ordinance of the Militia they seeming to be as the Challenge to the War ensuing though they both are here inserted out of order of time CHarles by the grace of God King of England Scotland c. to our most dear Cozens Henry Earl of Huntingdon and William Earl of Devonshire and also to our beloved and trusty Henry Hastings Esquire Son of the said Earl of Huntingdon Henry Barkley George Villiers Thomas Burton Baronets Henry Shipwith c. Knights Henry Hasting of Humberton c. Esquires and the Sheriff of our County of L. for the time being greeting Know ye that we willing to take care and provide for the safety and defence of Our Self and Kingdome and our Lieges thereof according as our duty is and by Gods good favour resolving to resist the malice of our enemies if they sâ—all presume to invade this our Realm of England Have appointed you or any three or more of you to array and trayn all and every person and persons in arms bowmen c. dwelling within your said County within liberties and with out and that you cause to be Armed all such as are able of body and sit to bear them who have of their own wherewith to arm themselves viz. every one according to his estate or condition to rate and proportion accordâ—ng to your advice and discretion or of any three of you and to distrain all those who have Lands and Possessions and through debility of body are unable for service causing them to find according to the quality of their Lands and Goods what Arms conveniently and reasonably saving their condition they can bear and to provide men at Arms armed but with Bows and Arrows so that they who shall stay and continue at their own home in their County for the defence of this our Kingdome against our enemies shall receive no wages nor expences for this their stay at home aforesaid and that you likewise dispose and cause to be disposed the said men so Armed and Arrayed into Regiments Troops and Companies or other Division as you shall see convenient And we have assigned you or any three or more of you whereof you the said Earl of Huntingdon and in your absence you the said Earl of Devonshire or you Henry Hastings son of the said Earl of Huntingdon to be one of the said men at Arms and Bowmen so arrayed and trained as well to the Sea-Coasts as to any other places where and as often and as need shall râ—quire to expel overcome and destroy our said enemies from time to time in any eminent peril to command and lead And we have likewise Commissionated you or any three or more of you to cause Muster or Musters of the said men so armed and arrayed to be made and to supervise them as oft as occasion shall require And also to proclaim ordain and diligently examine and see that all and every such men at Arms armed men and Bowmen in such Musters be armed with their own and not others weapons upon penalty of loosing them those onely excepted who are to be armed at the charge of others And to arrest take and in our Prisons to put all and every of those who in this behalf you shall find enemies or Rebels and to continue them in such Prisons until they shall be thence delivered by Law And therefore as straightly as we can upon your Faith and Allegiance which you owe us we enjoyn and command you that forthwith upon the sight of these presents that in the best and safest manner you can you arm and array your selves and that before you at certain days and places which you shall judge most convenient and expedient and of least hindrance to our people you cause all men dwelling in your County by whom the Array and Arming may be best effected and compleated to be called and come together there and then to be arrayed and armed and them so arrayed and armed to keep in the same array And furthermore that you cause Beacons to be set up in the usual places by which the several Counties may in fit time be fore-armed against the coming of our Enemies And the same men so arrayed and armed in imminent danger in the defence of the Kingdom and Country aforesaid from time to time as well to the Sea-side or to other places where need shall require you cause to be led and conducted or some of you of whom you the aforesaid Henry Earl of Huntingdon or in your absence you the aforesaid William Earl of Devonshire or you the aforesaid Henry Hastings Son of the said Earl of Huntingdon we will to be one do cause to be conducted as aforesaid so that through default of defence array or conduct of the aforesaid Souldiers or through your negligence no hurt or damage be done to the aforesaid Country as far as to your power it can be letted And we streightly
framed by themselves having rejected that of the Kings own appointment and drawn by his Council though not a word in answer against it to satisfie him excluding all persons named by the King in his draught and committed the trust and power thereof for two years to such in whom they confided Soon after they seized upon Sir Richard Gurney Lord Mayor of London whom for an example to other Loyal Magistrates they sent to the Tower of London not long after which usage he deceased Sir Iohn Hotham is also impowered by the Parliament to Summon the Trayned Bands of the County to his assistance which through the factiousness of others and his own menaces he compassâ—d and having them within his reach to prevent the King of any supply of Arms thereabout he disarms the Country-men and dismisseth them Herâ—upon the King Summoned the Gentry and Free-holders of the County of York to whom he complains of all those lawless proceedings of the Parliament and Hotham to the danger of his person which he thinks fit to secure by a guard from among them reiterates his Protestation to the Lords then that wâ—re with him some of whom were sent from the Parliament and continued there that he intended not to raise a War or embroyl the Kingdom but since he had so lately received such an indignity so neer his residence it could not be interpreted other than an Act of Prudence to provide this way for his safety that being the onely end in this designe Which publike Declaration was attested by all the Lords to be his Majesties intention Now had the Parliament the occasion they waited for no Salvo's or Protestations on the Kings part would serve turn but it was taken for granted â—hat the King intended War and therefore they proceeded presently to put the peo-into a posture of War by vertue of their late Ordinance of the Militia to rescue the King from his evil Counsel who had engaged him in a War against his Parliament I will not wade further in this Question Who began it because his Majesty on his dying Royal word hath asserted it by this undeniable proof Who gave the first Commissions In order to this open Hostility intended they prohibit all resort to the King save of those in his special service and Command the respective Sheriffs to seize all other than such as the disturbers of the peace and to raise the County-power against them who were so divided in themselves by contrary commands that no difficulty remained to the near ensuing rupture sides being taken and avowed every man on his guard waiting for the first blow and prepared to return it as his judgment or fancy led him To bâ—ow up this animosity into fire and fury next comes out another Remonstrance from the Parliament the Daughter of that which was presented to the King at Hampton-Court that taxed the male-administration of the Government till the calling of the Parliament this recited all their complaints from the very first day of their sitting to the date thereof their dispute of the Militia the business of the five Members c. and so brought the state of their quarrel into one entire body that their Partisans by such a heap of grievances iâ— not by the weight of them might without more scrutiny own them and stand by their Causâ— This miss'd not of a plenary and satisfactory Answer from the King but Hands had no Ears the Faction was busie and employed in arming themselves like Caesars write and fight together solliciting also in the mean time their dear Brethren the Scots to their party whom though the King so lately had obliged and vouchsafed them a particular account of his intentions throughout all these unhappy transactions summed up in a Letter to his Privy Counsel in that Kingdom which after communication begot a Protestation from that Kingdom of all the Loyalty and affection imaginable with many serious expressions of their thanks and gratitude to his Majesty whose Royal word in the concerns both of Church and State they deemed a grievous sin to doubt or question Yet nevertheless presently after they declared themselves in favour of the Parliament in a large manifestation of their most cordial affection to them with as many more good words as they had received Pounds and in conclusion order the said Privy Council not to meddle with any verbal or real engagement for the King against the Parliament of England but to keep close to their Covenant and their English brethren For all which kindness the Parliament claw them again and returned them thanks by their Commissioners resident in London But this Remonstrance did not reach all the matter therefore out comes a third comprehensive enough which the King likewise answered It will be tedious to recite them because little new matter in them only more passionately written as bordering betwixt the Gown and the Sword which was as good as half drawn already As the last essay for an Accommodation that the people might see the Parliament would leave no way untryed Nineteen Propositions are sent to the King at York which in strict terms comprised the licentiousness of all their former Papers To these if the King assented as they withal Petition him to do they promise to make him a glorious Prince For the Answer to these by the King I refer the Reader to the Kings book where the vncivility and unreasonableness thereof is justly censured though the reply he made to them presently after their tender was so argumentative and honest that it stumbled many of their friends and confirmed the Kings good Subjects in their Loyal integrity All hopes being now lost of this Paper-scuffle the King addresses himself to the Gentry and Commonalty of the County of York the populacy being those on whom the Parliamentary pretences so greatly operated and declares to them the same resolutions he had formerly made desiring to undeceive them of those opinions the Parliament had instilled every where and chuseth out of them a guard of Horse and a Regiment of the Trained Bands as a guard to his person which they cheerfully undertook and did Duty in that quality Here he also found an addition of many worthy Gentlemen and Nobles ready for his service The City of London was likewise as affectionate for the Parliament having profered their service which was accepted to secure the two Houses This caused the King to send a Letter to the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen forbidding them either to levy Arms or raise money upon that account But seeing them to persist in the same courses he first sends out his Commissions of Array to the respective Lord-Lieutenants and their assistants according to the Statute of 5 H. 4. and other subsequent Records which by the Parliament on the question were resolved to be against Law and the liberty of the Subject c. And then summons his Lords and Privy
the Army But the main was that they durst not offer to set upon or impede the King in his March the next morning but go away far enough from him to Coventry and thereby lost Banbury wherein was a well-appointed Garrison to the King which was a remarkable Trophee of his Conquest However both parties gave God solemn thanks on days set apart for their success and victory the Parliament adding other to their General for his valour and good conduct in that business and presented him with 5000 l. for a reward of his service On both sides were slayn here neer 6000 men as by the Country it was judged who had the burial of the dead On the Kings party were slayn of note the right Noble and valiant the Lord Aubigney who died of his wounds at Abingdon and was buried in Christ-Church Oxford Father to the most illustrious Charles Duke of Richmond the Earl of Lindsey Sir Edmond Varney as before and Colonel Monro a Scotch-man On the Parliaments side the Lord St. Iohn of Bletso who dyed also of his wounds Colonel Essex and Lieutenant-Colonel Ramsey all men of singular courage and resolution The Earl of Essex next day marched towards Coventry and the King by Ayno where his Army refreshed themselves to Banbury which was presently delivered to him and so to Oxford The King marching from Oxford was by the way to London met by Commissioners from the Parliament tendring Propositions and desiring that during the Treaty the Kings Army should march no neerer this way to spin time while Essex could recruit his Army Wherefore the King advancing from Colebrook came to Brainford where part of the Parliaments Army being the Regiments of Colonel Hollis Hambden and the Lord Brooks for a while maintained their ground stoutly but being over-powred some were driven into the River and there drowned and three hundred slayn among whom was Lieutenant-Colonel Quarles and as many taken prisoners This brought a general consternation upon the City of London all shops were shut up and all the Regiments both Trained Bands and Auxiliaries were drawn out So that the Earl of Essex had a most compleat and numerous Army of a sudden Hereupon the King presently marched away fearing to be encompassed by the Parliamentarians over Kingston-bridge which he broke down to stop the pursuit Essex made after him to Reading and so to Oxford where he took up his Winter-quarters The Cities of Winchester and Chichester delivered to the Parliament Marlborough to the King and the Lord Hopton armed against the Earl of Stamford several Towns taken for the King in the West others for the Parliament in the North. Cyrencester had been Garrisoned by the Parliament-Forces of Glocester being the mid way betwixt that City and Oxford Upon this place Prince Rupert had a designe though his march that way was given out for the regaining of Shudly Castle out of which Colonel Massey had smothered the Royallists with wet hay for afteâ— he had passed some ten miles beyond Cyrencester he suddenly returned back and surprized the Guards within two hours time became Master of the place putting the Earl of Stamfords Regiment to the Sword who made a stout opposition taking 1100 prisoners and 8000 arms and other provisions for War it being newly made a Magazine From thence the Prince came before Glocester summoned the Town and departed The Lord Brook and the Earl of Northampton were in Arms against each other in the Counties of Warwick and Stafford where several small skirmishes had been between them At last in March the Lord Brook came and besieged Litchfield Close Garrisoned by the King and as he was viewing the approaches to it out of a Window in the Tower a single Bullet from the Close shot him in the head through the eye of which he fell down dead nevertheless the siege was continued and the Close delivered to the Parliamentarians His death happened by the shot aforesaid on St. Chads day in whose memory the Minster from whence he was killed is called by the name of St. Chad he being the first Bishop of that See The Kings Forces under the command of Lieutenant-General the Lord Wilmot assisted with his own Regiment of Horse that of the Lords Grandisons and Digbies with Sir William Pennimans and Colonel Blagues Regiment of Foot and Colonel Vshers and Colonel Greys of Dragons took the Town of Marlborough defended by Colonel Ramsey a Scot and about five hundred Foot the said Ramsey and divers of the chief Rebels brought prisoners to Oxford all their Arms taken and four Colours and the Town Garisoned for the King This day paid success to the King also in the North where the Earl of New-Castle besieged Tadcaster a place well fortified and better manned the strength of the Parliament-Forces being summed up in this Town and Hull Several Assaults were made most part of that day and evening wherein several were killed among whom was Captain Lifter This resolution so discouraged the defendants that they Slipt away in the night to Cawood and Selby leaving the Town in a very tenable condition for his Majesties service Leeds stormed by the Lord Fairfax and a defeat given to the Royalists thereabouts and Belvoir-Castle belonging to the Earl of Rutland surprized for the King while neer the same time Colonel Massey played feats in Glocester-shire and Salisbury plundered by another party of the Parliaments Yarum-fight also betwixt Colonel Goring and General King against some Forces of the Parliament as Colonel Goring was conveying the Arms and Ammunition he brought over with him from Holland who had the Victory About this time happened a Skirmish betwixt Colonel Hambden and Sir Gilbert Gerrard at the Brill of which Sir Gilbert was Governour wherein about a hundred were killed and wounded of the Parliaments side the rest fled The Queen having taken Shipping at Scheveling neer the Hague in Holland on the 22 being met by the Earl of Newcastle the Marquess of Montrosâ— and the Lord Ogilby she landed at Burlington-Bay where on the 24 came four Ships of the Parliaments who making several shots of cross-Bars against the house she was forced to rise out of her Bed and to get under a Hill to save her life and then was honourably conducted through Maltou and Norburton to York and from thence not long after to his Majesties great content who most entirely loved her as she him met the King at Edge-Hill After General Essex had recruited his Army with new supplies the first thing he attempted was the siege of Reading which being manfully defended by Sir Arthur Aston till he received a wound on his head by the falling of a Brick-bat and the relief brought by the King himself from Oxford being worsted at Caversham-bridge after ten days siege was yielded by Colonel Fielding then substituted Governour to the Parliament In the North things went something equaller then before on the Parliaments side Sir Thomas Fairfax had defeated the
their expert General to boyl and beat their Bed-cords to make Match of it But long they were not surrounded in that untenable place before Prince Maurice the Earl of Carnarvan the Lord Wilmot and Lord Biron with 1500 choyce Horse came to their rescue and presented themselves on the 13 of the same Month by break of day to the Enemies Leaguer and having given a signe to their Friends within fell with much valour on their Enemies and routed them on Round-way-down Which Onset being seconded from the Foot within proved a total rout to the Enemy whose Curassiers under Sir Arthur Hazlerig made some resistance but being once broken became the ruine of the Infantry who presently submitted and had quarter given them Here were slayn 800 besides what fell in the pursuit which was continued ten miles an end with great Fury but then their tired Horses began to lag And so Sir William and Sir Arthur came first to Bristol thence to Farnham and from thence with expedition to London There were taken two Thousand Prisoners four Brass Guns with their Ammunition and Baggage eight and twenty Colours and nine Corners Upon this fortunate day the Queen with the King from Edge-Hill made her joyful Entry into Oxford and not long after the Earl of Lindsey who was taken Prisoner when his Father was killed at Edge-Hill was welcomed to the Court there from his restraint This loss soon reduced Bristol into the Kings hands being delivered by Colonel Fiennes after three days siege to Prince Rupert for which surrender he had like to have lost his head These successes drew the King into the West where Dorchester Portland Weymouth and Melcomb submitted themselves Bidiford Appleford and Barnstable surrendred and after a little dispute before Exeter and some Granadoes thrown in and firing part of the Suburbs the great Sconce being taken in storm that City was delivered to Prince Maurice and Sir Iohn Berkly made Governour We must retrospect a little lest the hurrying of the War carry us from other remarkables The Marquess of New-Castle a little before Fryday Iune 30 obtained a victory over the Lord Fairfax at Adderton-Heath where he routed the Parliamentarians gained their five pieces of Cannon and so amazed them that they fled to Leeds which way was precluded and obstructed then to Bradford in their flight whither he took and killed two thousand while Fairfax hardly escaped to Leeds with the Convoy of one Troop of Horse The next day the said Earl came before Bradford which after the Battering of forty great Shot he took with two thousand more of the same party the next morning with all their Arms and Ammunition Hereupon Hallifax was quitted by the Parliamentarians and Sir Hugh Cholmley took Beverley The Lady Aubigney Wife to that Noble Lord who dyed of his wounds at Edge-Hill had brought to London according to the intelligence and desires of some Citizens of London from the King a Commission of Array the designe whereof was that they should seize into their custody the Kings Children some Members of Parliament the Lord Mayor and Committee of the Militia all the City Outworks and Forts the Tower of London and all the Magazines Then to let in the Kings Army to surprize the City to destroy all opposers and this grounded upon refusal of paying of Taxes imposed without Authority The Plot however came to be discovered and great noise was made about it The principal men were Mr. Edward Waller a Parliament-man who with much ado and great friends came off with the fine of ten thousand pounds Some Lords were suspected to favour the business also Mr. Tompkins Clerk of the Queens Council Mr. Chaloner a Linen-Draper Mr. Hasel Mr. Blinkborn Mr. White and others These were all Arraigned before a Council of War at Guild-Hall where four of the last were sentenced to be hanged and two of them suffered accordingly leaving sad and mournful Widows behind them for their Loyalty and affection to their Soveraign The Parliament now set a Fine of twenty thousand pounds upon Judge Berkley who had been a long time Prisoner for encouraging the designe of Ship-money he is likewise voted incapable of any Office or Dignity in the Commonwealth and to remain in Prison during pleasure By the King it was concluded to set upon Glocester being the only considerable place that held out for the Parliament in the West and lay very inconvenient hindering the intercourse betwixt Wales and the West-Countries In order whereunto his Majesty on the tenth of August came from Oxford in Person before it with a Royal Army while it was hardly imaginable where the Parliament could raise another Army and that done to march for London which proved a Fatal mistake to the King for if he had gone directly for London there was no opposition in readiness against him nor any place to stay him The King being resolved to gain Glocester after Prince Rupert had summoned it at a distance having close begirt it and being displeased that such a forlorn City should stand out against him yet desirous to gain it without blood and loss of time which seemed then precious in his Career of victory sent in this honourable Summons by two Heraulds CHARLES REX OVt of Our tender compassion to Our City of Glocester and that it may not receive any prejudice by Our Army which We cannot prevent if We be compelled to assault it We are therefore personally come before it to require the same and are graciously pleased to let all the Inhabitants of and all other persons within that City as well Souldiers as others know that if they shall immediately submit themselves and deliver this City to Vs We are contented freely and absolutely to pardon every one of them without exception and do assure them on the Word of a King that they nor any of them shall receive the least damage or prejudice by Our Army in their persons and estates but that We will appoint such a Governour and a moderate Garrison to reside there as shall be both for the ease and security of that City and the whole Country But if they shall neglect this offer of Grace and Favour and compel Vs by the power of Our Army to reduce that place which by the help of God We shall easily and shortly be able to do they must thank themselves for all the calamities and miseries which shall befall them To this Message We expect a clear and positive answer within two hours after the publishing hereof and by these presents do give leave to any persons safely to repair to and return from Vs whom that City shall desire to employ unto Vs in that business And We do require all the Officers and Souldiers of Our Army quietly to suffer them to pass accordingly To this Summons an Answer was returned in Writing delivered by Major Pudsey and a Citizen in these Words WE the Inhabitants
of Victuals which mightily heartned his Army who had almost been famished From Cyrencester in leisurable short Marches of five Miles a day he came to Cricklade and so to Swinden intending to pass to Hungerford But when the Van and Body of his Army had marched almost over Auborn-Chase a Gallant Body of the Kings Horse consisting of about five thousand tell upon the Rear of his Army which being soon disordered indeavoured to make a Retreat to their Body but they were pursued too hastily both on Rear and Flank so that it was done with great loss and confusion Being come to their Body they faced the same Horse who again put them into the like disorder until some of the Van coming to their assistance the Kings Horse were repelled but fresh reserves coming on stopt the fury of the Parliaments Foot Two gallant and brave Charges were made presently one after another and the Parliamentarians driven again to their main Body at which time Sir Philip Stapleton who had the Van for that day as they changed it for reservation every day came purposely back and drew up his Regiment to succour them which caused the Royallists to retire and so the night parted them On the Kings party in those smart charges and encounters were slain a French Marquess De Vieu ville with other Officers of good quality whose worth appeared highly on the Parliament side were slain two Captains Middleton and Hacket The worst fell upon Colonel Sheffields Regiment of Horse which was utterly broke and two Standards taken and very many men killed On Thursday the 19 of September from his quarters at Hungerford the Earl of Essex marched to Newbery and upon approach to the Twon saw the Kings Forces upon an hill just in opposition to their March which the General perceiving himself first advanced to a place neer the Enemy and thence commanded Colonel Barcleys and Colonel Holborns Brigades to charge them That was done very fiercely but was as resolutely recharged by Prince Rupert who never wanted the first and most furious brunts This place of advantage was contested for hotly by both parties till both Armies being ready to grapple the difference of ground was not reckoned on and the Kings Forces departed to their several Posts The Battle being then begun Sir Philip Stapleton advanced with his Regiment of Horse and the Generals Life-guard who being received by the Earl of Carnarvan he briskly Charged them and pursuing them to their Foot was unhappily shot in the head of his Troops A Noble-man certainly of as great spirit and affection for the Kings service as any and as much deservedly lamented by them and to whose memory more publike Honours are due than a private Interment in Iesus Colledge Oxford The Royallists thus desperately Charging were soon fallen upon the Parliaments Body of Horse who giving close Fire upon them put them to the â—out and made Prince Rupert hastily return to his whole Body of Horse This gave opportunity for all the Parliaments Horse of the right Wing in which were the Regiments of the aforesaid Sir Phil. Stapleton Dolbeir Ramsey Harvey and Goodwin with the General 's to draw up together whom the Prince most resolutely again Charged and that so thoroughly that some Regiments were so mixed together that they knew not how to disengage themselves In this confusion many were slain on both sides and the Parliamentarians at last forced to the Lanes end where in the morning they entred and where their Foot stood in very great disorder Some of the Royalists Troops pursued them into the Lane but being roundly saluted by the Foot came back with some loss and danger In those Charges were wounded Colonel Dalbeir Commissiary Copley Captain Hammond Captain Pym and Captain Fleetwood The left Wing of the Parliament and the right of the King could not be Engaged but in small parties by reason of Hedges As to the Fight made by the Infantry 't was so divided dispersed and discontinued that a stable fixt account cannot be given of it further than in parcels The Lord Ruthen a Scotchman lately made Earl of Brentford an expert Souldier was here the Kings General who warily managed the Battel on the other side under the Earl of Essex Major-General Skippon commanded principally in the Foot-service which he prudently and couragiously performed preventing the King which was Ruthens design either to seize his Artillery or to fall on the Rear of his men that fought on the Hill or gayning that Hill behind him or their last nights quarter Very many men were lost in this dispute the Royalists having seized on some of the Artillery but were forced to desert it leaving some of the most daring of their Souldiers behind them About four a clock in the Afternoon all the whole Army of Foot was engaged in the Fight which had proved a great deal more bloody if night had not drawn on when the Kings Army both Horse and Foot stood in good order on the further side of the Green intending in the morning to fall on the Parliaments Army afresh But other Counsels prevailing as supposing better advantages ought to be made in their March home they suffered them the next morning to March on which was very acceptable to men who had endured much hardship both for want of rest and dyet In pursuance therefore of a resolution to fall upon them in the Lanes next day Colonel Hurry one of both sides newly revolted to the King with a commanded Party of 800 Musqueteers and a body of Horse was sent after them who charging furiously in those narrow passages put the Rear into an absolute Rout who were compelled to stop the pursuit to overthrow their Carriages across the way Being thus fled to their main body who were drawn up in Battalia in a Heath whither they were still hotly followed they faced about and gave the Royalists such a welcome that they stood not to abide it but made all the haste possibly back again In this after-Skirmish were slain on both sides near 500 men and in the main Battel the day before and in Auburn-chase betwixt five and six thousand the greatest loss whereof if any material difference fell on the Parliaments side of which the most considerable were Colonel Tucker and two Captains Massey and Hunt on the King 's the aforesaid Earl of Carnarvan the Earl of Sunderland and Lord Viscount Falkland both which were killed near the Kings person which was here very much endangered by shot and other Colonels and Officers both Armies with great valour and obstinacy maintaining their ground especially the London Trained Bands and Auxiliaries against whom the Royalists had the greatest spleen and therefore tasted of their resolution This Battel was fought Wednesday the 20 of September and on Thursday in the evening The General Essex after that encounter in the Lanes drew up the Army of Theal and taking some
part that valiant person Iohn Lord Stuart second Brother to the Duke of Richmond who dyed at Abbington of his wounds as also Sir Iohn Smith Colonel Sandys Colonel Scot and Colonel Manning father to that person who betrayed the King to Cromwel while he resided at Colen in the designe of Colonel Penruddock for which he was shot to death in the Duke of Newburghs Country with divers Persons of Quality wounded among whom was Sir Edward Stowel Eldest Son to Sir Iohn and Sir Henry after Lord Bard besides private Souldiers above 1400. Of the Parliaments side few men of note were killed about 900 common Souldiers Colonel Dolbeir wounded and Colonel Tompsons Leg shot off by a Cannon-bullet About this time the Dutch Ambassadors came to Oxford again endeavouring to mediate between the King and Parliament but returned re infecta from whence the King also was designing to march being newly come thither from Reading which he slighted Sir Charles Blunt a couragious Gentleman on the Kings side was slain about this time Great and extraordinary preparations were now made for this Campagnia which I shall next relate Essex and Waller who had followed the Lord Hopton to Basing and there shewed a mind of Besieging the house now joyned their Armies together amounting to a very great strength with intention to set upon the King at Oxford wherefore the Queen was sent away with a sufficient Convoy to Exeter In the mean time Essex plunders Abbington and makes a Garrison of it soon after In this place which afterwards proved a Thom to the Kings foot not being able but in great Parties to stir out of Oxford Essex left Colonel Brown and constituted him Governour thereof This famous Person as his actions all along after declared especially his latter in his Industrious Loyal endeavours for the Restitution of his Majesty was no inconsiderable part of the War having been designed by the Parliament to the suppression of the Kentish-Commotions and then as an assistant to Sir William Waller at the taking in of Winchester and Chichester was afterwards when the War was ended and the King brought to Holmby made one of the Commissioners to attend his Majesty where he was so gained upon by his Princely Goodness and Vertues that from that time he was wholly changed and reduced from all false Opinions concerning his Majesty and afterwards proved a most Cordial and Loyal actor and sufferer for him and his Cause To return the King in the mean while marched with his Army from Oxford to Worcester which caused the two Parliament-Generals to divide their forces again Waller was to go after the King as they termed it A King-catching while Essex marched with another gallant Army into the West which was totally fallen from the Parliament The King had but few Forces about him by reason that Prince Rupert was sent with the greatest part of the Army to the relief of York then Besieged by the joynt-power of three Armies the Scots Manchester's and Fairfax's In his way he Storms Bolton and takes it but of that by and by The King having Traversed his ground came back again from Worcester and Sir William Waller from out of the Skirts of Glocester-shire was ready at his heels Insomuch that he overtook him neer Banbury at a place called Cropredy-bridge Waller drew up in Battalia on a Hill expecting the advantage of the Kings passing the Bridge which the King adventuring to do Waller descends from his Post and falls upon the Kings Rear beyond the Bridge where he was so gallantly received by the Earls of Cleaveland and Northampton that he was quite Routed Six hundred killed and Seven hundred taken Prisoners his Train of Artillery and many of the Officers so that Sir William was forced to flie and have recourse to London for another recruit It was therefore resolved upon this defeat of Waller that the King should immediately follow the Earl of Essex who was advanced so far that the Queen who was delivered of the Princess Henrietta at Exeter the sixteenth of Iune in the Month of Iuly was fain to be gone from thence for fear of a Siege leaving the young Lady to the tuition of the Countess of Dalkeith to France where she landed on the 25th at Brest in Britany At the beginning of August the King had overtaken the said Earl at Lestithiel his Forces in so ill a condition through their long march and their want of necessaries which the Country-people kept from them that it was concluded an easie thing to conquer them The King therefore resolved to coop them up and keep all manner of Provision from them After two or three days leaguer in this manner the Parliament-horse broke through the Kings Army by night the General and the Lord Roberts at whose instance this Expedition was undertaken got by boat from Foy to Plymouth and the Foot being destitute and deserted by the Horse under the command of Major-General Skippon came to a Capitulation by which it was agreed they should render their Arms Ammunition Artillery and Stores into the hands of the King and have liberty as many as would to pass home they engaging never more to bear Arms against the King So that by this defeat the Parliament were quite undone in the West as to present appearance The Marquess of Newcastle had been besieged above nine weeks in York by the joynt Forces of the Earl of Manchester the Lord Fairfax and the Scotch Army under Lesly for the relief whereof Prince Rupert was sent who passed through Shrop-shire and thence through Lancashire increasing his Forces by the way from the several Garrisons and Parties thereabouts In his way he raised the Siege of Latham-house where the Countess of Derby had stoutly defended her self for a long time He moreover took Stopford Leverpool and Bolton the last whereof refusing his Summons and being in no condition to withstand his power he deservedly having mastered it by a Storm the third time pillaged using the right of Arms to those who had provoked him by their impotent obstinacy Besides it was noted for a Town of Sectaries and such-like people On Sunday the last day of Iune the Prince came to Knaresborough fourteen miles from York the next morning over Burrough-Bridge and that night by the River to York upon whose approach the besiegers quit their quarters and those in York pursued their Rear and seized some Provisions the next morning Iuly the second the Prince advanced after them resolving to give them Battel which resolution was opposed by the Marquess of Newcastle as one who well knew the several concerns of the three confederate parties among whom there had passed some Jarrings in their Councels for Command But the Prince was determined to put an end to the Scotch danger which onely retarded the Kings entire success by a present fight and though he be much blamed for it yet it
with the Parliament but Hamilton was over-trusted Much ado he had to pass the ways being so strictly guarded while the Scotch Army was in England At his arrival in the Highlands being supplyed with 1100 men from the Marquess of Antrim out of Ireland and another addition under the Lord Kilpont and the Earl of Perths Son he marched to find out the Army of Covenanters then gathered under the command of Tullybarn the Lord Elch and Drummond consisting of a great Force into Perth-shire where at Tepper-Moor he obtained a great Victory his Souldiers for want of Arms and Ammunition making use of the Stones lying advantagiously on the Fighting-ground Here he killed no less then 2000 men whereupon Perth-City opened its Gates to the Conquerour To withstand and repress so dangerous an Enemy within the Bowels of the Kingdom another Army was raised and put under more Experienced Captains In the mean while Montross had fallen into Argyles Country where he made miserable havock intending utterly to break the Spirits of that people who were so surely Engaged to Arguiles side Here the Earl of Seaforth followed him with an Army and the Marquess of Argyle had another of the other side Montross therefore resolved to fight with one first and so fell upon that party under Argyle which he totally routed killed 1500 on the place the rest escaped and so the Marquess of Montross bent his way after the other Army which he defeated at Brechin being newly put under the command of Colonel Hurry afterwards offers Battel to Bayly who had another Army ready to fight him but he waited for advantages whereupon he marches after Hurry who had recruited and was pressing upon the Lord Gourdon having taken Dundee in his way and at Alderne discomfits him killing 1800 and dispersing the rest He seeks out Bayly to whom was joyned the Earl of Lindsey and at Alesford-hills forced them to fight utterly routed them and obtained a remarkable Victory But that which lessened the Triumph was the death of the Lord Gourdon one that was as the right hand of Montross A very Loyal Right Noble Gentleman being Eldest Son to the Marquess of Huntley After this he comes to St. Iohnstons where he alarm'd the Parliament there sitting and so into the Lowlands where the Kirk had another Army in readiness under the command of the aforesaid Bayly At a place called Kilsith both Armies met and a cruel Battel it was but in conclusion Success and Victory Crowned Montross's Head and almost 6000 of his Enemies were slain in this fight the pursuit being eagerly followed for a great way the Covenanters at first fighting very resolutely but the fortune of Montross still Prevailed The Nobility now every where readily assisted him and the Towns and Cities declared for him so that the Kingdom which afforded men and assistance for the Invasion of another Kingdom was not now able to defend it self the Governour so was Montross dignified being seized of all places almost of strength even as far as Edinburgh where some Royal prisoners were delivered to him The Estates of Scotland therefore sent for David Lesley while Montross expected Forces from the King under the Lord Digby which staid too long and were afterwards defeated at Sherburn in York-shire Upon the arrival of Lesley most of the Forces under Montross not dreading any Enemie so soon out of England were departed home so that Lesley finding Montross in a very weak condition at Philips-Haugh fell upon him before he could retreat almost before his Scouts could give him intelligence and there routs him He at first resolved to lose his life with the field but being perswaded of better hopes he resolutely charged thorow and brought the flying remains of his Army safe into the High-lands where he began new Levies But the fortune of the King failing every where he was the next year ordered by the King then in the Scots custody to disband and depart the Kingdom And so we leave him till a more unhappy revolution of time In the beginning of this year Colonel Massey received a defeat at Lidbury the manner thus Prince Rupert who had for some time quartered thereabouts to make new Levies had intercepted some Scouts and by them understood the Col. had taken up his quarters there intending to fall upon Sir Iohn Winter who had been his restless adversary throughout the War in Gloucester-shire and who being called into the Army had tired his house which he had maintained as a Garison against all opposition When the Prince was within half a mile of the Town Massey took the Alarm commanded his Horse to mount and gave order for his Foot to march that the Royalists might not get before them which the Prince aimed at A furious Charge the said Horse maintained consisting principally of Officers among whom was Kirl that betrayed Monmouth at last Massey was forced to flye narrowly escaping taking Major Backhouse his great second being mortally wounded with divers others and some common Souldiers taken Prisoners the rest fled to Gloucester in haste with the Governour But that which deservedly ought to begin the year was the investiture of Sir Thomas Fairfax in the supreme Command of the Army It was the first of April when he received his Commission and on the twenty third of April he went from London to Windsor to perfect the new Model where he continued in that troublesome affair to the end of the month In the mean time Colonel Cromwel who had been commanded out of the West by the Ordinance of the Parliament against Members continuance in any Military command whose limitations of forty days was then expired came thither to salute the General and next morning was stopped there with a dispensation from his attendance on the House for forty days longer which was extended to the length For Prince Rupert and his brother Maurice had gathered a competent Army of Horse in Worcester-shire and the confines of Wales and were ordered by the King to come and fetch him off with his Infantry and Train of Artillery from Oxford To which purpose a Convoy of Horse was presently dispatched consisting of near 2000 being the Regiments of the Queen the Earl of Northampton the Lord Wilmot and Colonel Palmer while the Princes advanced in a body after them Upon advertisement thereof the Committee of both Kingdoms recommended it to the General to send Lieutenant-General Cromwel with some Horse to march beyond Oxford and lye on the way to Worcester to intercept the same Convoy With a party of Horse and Dragoons therefore then on the field neither mustered nor recruited as of the new Model Cromwel immediately marched found the enemy and engaged them neer Islip-bridge routed them took 400 Horse and 200 Prisoners and the Qeens Standard And to make up this a kind of a victory presently summoned Blechington-house within four miles of Oxford where Colonel Windebank
Governour therefore gave the Prince notice who not being in a condition to relieve the place there being a numerous Garrison within he accepted of Terms which to give Colonel Fortescue his due were the best given by any but the General himself and came the neerest his generous way of Treating and caressing an yielding Enemy Not long after followed the rendition of Scilly-Island and the Prince departed for France the like of Denbigh and Holt-Castle which concluded the Military Actions and left the Conquerours whose wreathed Bays would not well twine together the Presbyterian Thistle and the Independant Bramble not apt to such coalition but scratching and tearing one another worse embroyled than they had been throughout or before the War in the greatest difficulties of their designs or defeats The Pricks of these Triumphant Coronets sharply troubled the heads of the wearers and how to set them easily they knew not Ambition was the most poignant and grievous to Cromwel Disdain and Envy to the old Presbyterian Commanders from whence resulted a just indignation in some of their Grandees of having taken Arms to such ill purposes against the King But in most others of them the Itch of Sacriledge and Covetousness the longing after the spoils of the Kingdom rebated the acuteness of those animosites jealousies and distrust intending their private advantages and chiefly aiming at the kirnel Wealth and Riches and leaving the shell of Government to be crackt and broken by other mens teeth to give them the fruition of their projected profits and Estates For Cromwel as it might well be presumed now took up these resolutions which he had staggered at some while before to invade the Soveraignty unto which end incredible will it be how he had wrought upon the Grandees of his Faction and they upon the Rascality and rabble of the same leaven into so great a popularity that he became the very Idol of those so then called Saints The News-books every day were filled with the wonders of his Atchievements where he was present at any success all was attributed either to his fortune or Valour where they had Victory in his absence it was acknowledged to his Counsel and Prudence insomuch that by sober men it was well hoped such affronts to his General might have awakened him to some distruct of his aspiring method but by the secret wisdome of God he was blinded not onely in a destructive and supine compliance with this Rebel by a guilty omission of his care and inspection over him but infatuated into his most scelerate and abominable practises to the subversion of the Parliament and the execrable murther of the King They who Raised this Army against their Soveraign being Raised afterwards by that one of their own listing Usurper His main and first engine to the overthrow of the Government and Laws which took its mischievous effect was the disbanding part of the Army under Major-General Massey a Noble person and though formerly an enemy to the King in that unlucky Siege of Gloucester now suspected as inclinable to a moderate use of that Victory the Parliament had obtained He was known to have much affected General Essex of whose principles and intentions of duty to his Prince one may without danger say they were tainted by the contagion of the times but never corrupted or alienated from the Kings person Authority or Family or Peace of the Kingdom By disbanding the Forces under him the design of Cromwel was first to make a division and stir some ill humour in the Army as if that were the leading case next to make the standing Officers when they should know they were at his disposal more sure and obliged to him and then to instil into them his own Trayterous devices in sum to perpetuate the War till he had attained his ends and then continue them as the Turk doth his Ianizaries Accordingly at the Devises General Fairfax for upon him it was put disbanded Major-General Massey's and Colonel Cook 's Troops being in all 2500 Horse prepared but falsely to obey the Ordinance of Parliament receiving onely six weeks pay for many moneths Arrears and because the Parliament so vehemently tax the King for entertaining of Forreigners and also because it is very strange observe what he saith further Sir Thomas Fairfax his Pen travelling as far as great Alexanders Sword Divers of the disbanded came from very remote Countries and bad Passes some for Egypt others for Mesopotamia and Ethiopia Upon consideration of this passage besides that it wipes away the cavil of the Kings entertainment of Forraigners a more general and no less envious observation ariseth viz. that in some sort it may be said what was spoke of the Roman Civil Wars That all Nations and people were engaged in the fortune and Fate of Caesar or the Senate that the whole World was concerned in our English Confusions for by this black list of Auxiliaries from the other side of the Line and such remote Regions it being also unquestionable how dexterously and designedly all our potent Neighbours thrust themselves in at our Breaches our troubles and intestine feuds may be allowed to pretend to a like obnoxious greatness and reputation since the fame of our conflagration and incendiaries flew to such distant and scorched Climates Those Salamanders embroyled themselves in the fire of our contentions and by their Hue it had been no great prejudice to the Cause they maintained if a man had guessed them to be the Tutelary Angels thereof the inside of all the pretences of the War against the King appearing as black and foul as the outside of these their fellow-Souldiers So that while we shall now in its order and time repeat the subsequent perpetrations of the Party and Faction the War being wholly finished and they by the wise providence and permission of God possessed of all they quarrelled for though it is not fair to prepossess posterity the Reader and after-times will suspect or think there is some Hiatus or deficiency in the Register of these troubles if after such a promising conclusion wherein the necessity and blessing of Peace seemed to be well accommodated in that juncture besides the opportunity and obligation of the Parliament to make appear their many Declarations and Protestations both in behalf of his Majesty and the Kingdom he shall be on a sudden without any pause or expostulation or account of the designes and practises of the Parliament and Army plunged immediately and involved again in new and worser and more perplexed actions and politicks than in the middle of the War for now having laid aside the mask the smooth and soft cover of their beautiful pretences they put on the gastly and terrible Vizor that personated the Tyranny and Usurpation which soon after followed To proceed then The state of the matter was briefly this It was thought now high time by the principals of the conquering side to share the
need of the Army of their brethren the Scots in this Kingdom and that the sum of one hundred thousand pounds should be advanced and paid to that Army as followeth viz. 50000 l. after their surrender of Newcastle Carlile and other English Garrisons possessed by them in England and the other 50000 l. after their departure into Scotland and order should be taken for the payment of their Arrears This was a good come on and a handsome induction to greater sums in the mean while the Scotish Commissioners with their Omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile Dulci address themselves to the Parliament with their glozing oratory protesting the good intention of their Army and Nation and obtesting some speedy satisfaction of money that they might not be burdensome to the Country assuring them on one hand of their complying with the Parliament according to Covenant and offering something for the King too a la Mode the same Covenant like the man in the Fable that could blow hot and cold with the same breath But where so many words pass between buyer and seller a man may suspect little honesty or reason in either To confirm this their firm adherence in all fairness to the Covenant Mr. Alexander Henderson the Moderator formerly in that illegal Assembly at Glasgow in 1639. and Commissioner here in England afterwards a famed preacher Scholar and Presbyter was set upon the King at Newcastle whom the King handled with that acuteness both in private Conferences and Disputes as also in discussive Papers of the Controversies of the Discipline of the Church of England and so well plyed him his Majesties prudent and laborious undertaking of this person serving to stop the weaker yet more malapert assaults of his English Reformists who followed this grand Pattern by asserting the practice and universal consent of the Primitive Church beyond any private or modern opinion whatsoever that it is more than credible that Mr. Henderson convinced in his conscience of the errours he had maintained to the promoting of Schism and Rebellion from such a Church and against so excellent a Prince whose Learning Clemency and Courtesie were alike eminent not long after upon his return or rather sending home into Scotland languished with grief and anxiety of mind and with plain symptoms thereof and no other outward cause dyed Mr. Stephen Marshal another Presbyterian Minister and a famous Teacher of the Covenant was there also but the King would not be troubled with his discourses having such cause of offence at his prayers which made him afterwards wholly decline any intercourse with him the Papers wherein he had so rationally refuted the same principles with Mr. Henderson being publike and therefore he might well be disobliged from further trouble in that Controversie Nor were the disputes less between the Scots Commissioners and the Parliament which every day came in Print being politick subtile wranglings for nothing de lana Caprina each party endeavouring to cajole the other into absurd beliefs meer names of things and distinctions as the Person of the King c. wholly imploying those State-Logicians with whom Majesty and duty were nonâ—Entia Into these frivolous jars Cromwel and his Army-Fellows put in their Pleas and suborned some serious fools to throw in their considerations of the matter which reflected bitterly on the Scots not by way of Reason but bold impudent aspersions and indeed as to them ungrateful and unmannerly dictâ—ries Those the Commissioners take notice of complaining to the Parliament but in vain the Independant party laughing secretly at the pudder they made for such trifles as Religion and Government which so forwardly and designedly they themselves had overthrown and aukwardly and scrupulously they would now seem to intend and establish It being generally received by them as proclaimed by others That all was but a Juggle and the conclusion credited that report Setting aside other punctilio's between them concerning Presbytery which now laboured grievously in the birth being ready for the Midwifery of an Ordinance and was hereby retarded A Proviso for Tender Consciences being to be added as a superfaetation of that Discipline by the Independents and rejected as an after-birth inlet and receptacle of all Heresies Sects and Schisms by the Scots of which there will be occasion hereafter matter of State shall be first related as coming first to the Kings consideration in the Propositions after ten months time sent to him by Commissioners while he was at Newcastle To omit also all their disputes concerning the obligations of the Covenant as to mutual interests and polity of Government whereby the one Kingdome might not act without the concurrence of the other insisted on by the Scots and waved by the Members because these shadows and the Covenant it self is vanished and the best friends of it would be loath to have these absurdities and clashings of the said League revived the Confederates as at the building of Babel such our after-Commonwealth being divided within three years time among themselves in the very language of it and some great promoters of it then calling it now an Old Almanack I say not to rake in this unconcerning matter which is intended to be forgotten let 's proceed onely with this due insertion of another matter That Cromwel seeing how the Scots drove at money for pay to ripen a division betwixt them and the Houses set Poyntz's Souldiery and Garrison of York where he was Governour to mutiny for pay and to force it as the Scots did whose example they pleaded and with the same blow to discard Poyntz first from the affection and then from the command of his Forces one suspected to be honester than the designes of the Army could suffer On the 11 of Iuly the Propositions were finished and sent to the King by the Earls of Pembroke and Suffolk Mr. Goodwyn Sir Walter Earl Sir Iohn Hippesly and Mr. Robinson who met on the way with a Message from the King to the Two Houses in answer to their demand for the Marquess of Ormonds disbanding in Ireland wherein he desires their Propositions as the readiest and safest way to gratifie them in that and other things conducing to the Peace of the Kingdom A little while before this also Monsieur Bellieure a French Ambassador being sent to accommodate the difference between the King and Parliament received thanks from the Parliament to whom he first addressed but the interposition of his Master was wholly denyed whereupon he did the like fruitless office to the King and having had some private Audience with him after many good morrows departed To keep a punctual account of the Prince his Son's peregrination the first forrain place we find him in is about this time at the French Court in Paris of which the Queen then there also gave notice to the King by Mr. Montril the French Agent residing there The Propositions sent now to the King were quarrelled at
the enjoyment of the Laws and Liberties thereof and in order thereunto and that the Houses may receive no delays nor interruptions in so great and necessary a work they have taken these Resolutions and passed these Votes following viz. Resolved upon the Question 1. That the Lords and Commons do declare that they will make no further Addresses or Applications to the King 2. That no Application or Address be made to the King by any person whatsoever without leave of both Houses 3. That the person or persons that shall make breach of this Order shall incur the penalties of High Treason 4. That the Lords and Commons do declare that they will receive no more any Message from the King and do-enjoyn that no person whatsoever do presume to receive or bring any Message from the King to both or either Houses of Parliament or to any other person Which Resolves by their Order were Printed and by the respective Members dispersed into the Counties to give notice of the intended severity against the Offenders But this was not all they would be thought to do this from Right Reason and therefore they second this Resolution with another Remonstrance as far beyond the other delivered at Hampton-Court for silly and ridiculous imputations as that from Duty and Truth The old stale and exploded Stories of Rochel and the Isle of Rhee Ship-money Monopolies c. for which the King had given them satisfaction being numbred again into this Charge They would fain have made use also of that Story of the Plaister applied to King Iames by the Duke of Buckingham but their subornation failing which was attempted by Sir Arthur Haselrig's Brother who produced one Smalling for that purpose who disâ—ppointed them as to the Papers he was said to have as proofs thereof it being a most notorious lye they let that falshood alone and betook themselves to more plausible yet self-guilty criminations But all these devices and fig-leaves could not hide the guilt of their actions the people every were loathing to be abused any longer with these fictions of misgovernment when they perceived what masters of misrule they had proved themselves This the Grandees found at some conferences with the City whom still they thought to have befooled and sweetned out of their money but soon saw they were mistaken The Art of perswasion had lost its power and plain force if any thing was to be used which as the case stood they durst not venture for the Town was full of rage and madness and expected but the first blow However the richer sort reserved themselves as equally slaves to the Army and Riches From this difficulty therefore they turn to a more facile undertaking hoping to delude the King whom his hard restraint could not but have softned to their hands and though Colonel Hamond upon the delivery of the Kings Answer to the Propositions to the Commissioners had turned away His Majesties Servants and made Him a close prisoner telling the King who demanded the reason of it that He was acted by ill Counsels to the destruction of the Kingdom and that He did it by Authority of Parliament before they knew the said Answer which the King said they would never reply to yet was he now employed by Cromwel during the force of these Votes to make new Offers to the King from the Army the drift being to get Him to own the Army as He had formerly done against the Parliament till by that means His Friends reposing themselves likewise on their integrity and the people also amused they might of a sudden irresistibly destroy Him To this purpose they cajoled Colonel Ashburnham and Sir Iohn Berkley whom Hamond yet retained about the Kings Person to convey their poyson of perfidy more unsuspectedly into the King and the Earl of Southampton was likewise dealt withal but he better understood them and declined all manner of commerce or correspondence with them having had the advantages of liberty and opportunity of prying into the Cabal Several persons were employed as Messengers in this transaction who were never questioned or punished as the Resolves had declared Very many as was said before were the discontents of the people against the Parliament ready but for fear of the Army to burst out into Insurrections when the near sense of the Kings Captivity whose sighs were imagined to be heard in the Island so affected one Captain Burleigh lately of the Kings Army and then an Inhabitant there that not able to endure his Princes sufferings and injuries he beat a Drum in the Island intending to gather a force sufficient to rescue Him from His Imprisonment but was quickly seized and supprest by Hamond who sent him over to Winchester in order to his tryal by a special Commission of Oyer and â—erminer Against which time one Major Rolf accused by one Osborne a Servant of the King 's of a designe to have assassinated Him which accusation was with much ado admitted though Rolf was like to be torn in pieces by the Citizens of London upon his seizure in Bishops-gate-street meerly upon the bare Rumour of his Crime was brought down from the Gate-house and tryed there likewise by the same Judge and Jury The matter was delegated to Serjeant Wilde and Sir H. Mildmay betwixt whom and the said packt Jury Burleigh was found guilty of High Treason for levying War against because for the King and the other Rolf quitted by Ignoramus for his wilful intention of parricide Captain Burleigh courageously sealed his Cause with his blood dying a Loyal Martyr for the King and his Country and is worthily inscribed into that Roll though the stupid and Subjects uncompassionate of their Princes miseries accounted him rash and inconsiderate Upon this Attempt Hammond sends to the Parliament for an additional strength to maintain the Island and Rainsborough who was newly put in the place of Vice-Admiral Batten a Presbyterian and who had done good service though now the Independents were possest of all places was Commanded with his Fleet to sorround the Island and to guard it and next out comes a Declaration of the Army wherein they promise to live and dye with the Parliament in pursuance of these Votes and so for a while they piece together again like Herod and Pilate where we leave them and cast a look into Scotland and Ireland Scotland this year was infamous for the butchery and death of many gallant personages taken at the defeat of Montross at Philipshaugh whom the Covenanters having carried up and down with them till they setled at St. Iohnstons there Executed them The first whereof was Colonel Nathaniel Gordon and another of his noble name then Sir Robert Spotswood a man of most polite and deep learning especially in the Oriental Languages he was made the Kings Secretary of Scotland in the place of the Earl of Lanerick which together with his other abilities accelerated
hope proving more and more vain so wretchedly stupid were the Londoners they marched into Essex and by the way seized upon the Arms and Ammunition that then lay in the Earl of Warwick's House at Leez as then in open hostility against the Prince and so further into the County until at last they setled in the Town of Colchester Fairfax understanding of this Go-by and their conjunction having dispatcht away Colonel Rich and Colonel Barkstead with their Regiments to reduce and free those Castles which the Kentish-men as aforesaid had taken with all hast passed his Army over at Gravesend to make the quicker pursuit after them having underhand received recruits and supplies both of men and money from Skippon to re-inforce him who every day privately listed men for the Service At Colchester the Lord Capel with some Horse of his own raising met him and a Troop of Veterane Royalists from London who fought their way at Epping with some Army-Horse laid to obstruct all additions from the City by that Road came also entire at the same time just as the Van of Fairfax his Army was Skirmishing at the Towns-end where they so peppered the Enemy that in great confusion he ran to the Body having had an Essay what Sparks he had to deal with Sir George Lisle was made Major-General of the Essex-Forces and the rest of the Army distributed into Regiments and distinct Commands and had their posts and places assigned them The Town was inconsiderable either in it self as being intenible and undefensive nothing but a Brest-work cast up about it and as to the adjacent parts of the County to receive any provisional relief or great Force into it so that there was no hopes of setling or planting in it for in all probability it was not thought possible to hold out a Month to an end nevertheless by their industry courage vigilance and patience it held out three compleatly against a victorious Enemy recruited as aforesaid and assisted with the Forces of the Neighbouring County of Suffolk on whom deservedly the slaughter principally fell for so basely engaging against whom they had promised to joyn with these Essex-Royalists Several attempts were made by Fairfax to take the place by Force and many Sallies were in requital made by the Besieged who both in assayling and defending did great Execution From the beginning to the ending of the Siege scarce a day passed without actions from within at first to fetch in Cattel then to cut Grass which was stained all over with Blood for the Besieged would have it who had now planted some Cannons upon St. Mary's-Steeple whence they cruelly annoyed the Leaguer Insomuch that Fairfax seeing the loss of his men and the courage of the Defendants gave over his resolution of Storming proceeding with his Approaches to begirt them close and fortifying his Camp to starve them and also to fire them out which forced the Besieged to burn the Suburbs that he intended for shelter but he possest the Lord Lucas his House Sir Charles his Brother and ruined it The provision they had in the Town besides what they fought for and brought in afterwards would not suffice for above a Month and all hopes were abandoned of getting in more yet the courageous and generous sufferance of these Loyal Souldiers resolved to undergo all misery rather than yield and so free the Army to march against the Scots who were now entred England upon the same account Their main support was the sauce and relish to their meat good store of Prunes and Plums with which the Town was stored that did a little palate their Hors-flesh to them which they were forced to kill and dress for their victuals a good while before their Surrender there was also some Corn which Sir Charles charitably distributed among the Towns-folk but the Souldiers borrowed it again in their extremity in which we must leave these Noble Gentlemen and take a view of other concurrent endeavours for the King and Kingdom The Fleet which the Parliament had stollen and debauched from their Duty by their first pretences perceiving that indeed they were but such and no more repenting of their past service did to satisfie for their former offences now turn sides and rendred themselves to the Prince now made Captain-General of His Fathers Forces The Parliament had some inkling thereof and therefore had Commissioned Colonel Rainsborough a Sea-man formerly to the Command thereof whom the Loyal Mariners fairly put on Shore having posed him with this Question of engaging for their Soverain and at the same time their former Vice-Admiral Sir William Batten now Knighted by the Prince being disbanded by the Independent Rulers as more honest than they would have him brought some other Ships to His Majesties Obedience With this Naval Force the Prince departed from Holland and came into Yarmouth-Road where it was deliberated whether he should land and attempt the Relief of Colchester There were then in company with Him His Illustrious Brother the Duke of York who in April before had happily escaped from St. Iames's where heâ— was kept by the Earl of Northumberland his Guardian by the conduct of Colonel Bamfield who was employed therein by the Queen the Duke pretending to play in the dusk of the Evening was disguised in Maiden-habit and landed safely at Dort in Holland Prince Rupert the Earl of Brainford the Lords Hopton Wilmot Willougbby who had deserted the Parliament having been charged imprisoned and affronted by the Army and Culpeper and other Gentlemen but understanding that Colonel Scroop was attending thereabout they concluded it hazardous to venture the reputation of the Princes first Arms upon so well-appointed an Enemy and thereupon weighed Anchor and stood into the Downs The Navy consisted of 20 Ships of War most of the first and second Rate the other Frigats well manned and furnished which anchoring neer the Mouth of the Thames put the City into great fear no Ships possibly going in or out without the Princes permission a Hamborough-bound Ship richly laden being seized on by him In all haste thereâ—ore the Parliament order their old Admiral Robert Rich Earl of Warwick to Equip another Fleet then in the River and to set to Sea hoping by his Authority and influence to reclaim their Revolters or if not upon the coming of more Ships from Portsmouth which accordingly joyned with him to fight the Prince In pursuance of this Command Warwick appears with his Fleet about Quinborough but for all his former indearedness to the Sea-men and their affection his Masters confided in he durst not engage lest a total defection might have ensued for the Mariners were grown sensible how Trade and consequently Navigation was decayed by the long continuance of the War and had more kindness besides for Batten than they had for the Earl which the Prince was sensible of and therefore in civil terms by a Message required him to submit
Propositions would they have been satisfactory did not at present sute the high and imperious humour of the Parliament yet by the good temperament and respectful behaviour of the major part of the Commissioners such a mutual confidence was wrought that the King won with their dutiful perswasion did in most of those things besides Religion and Church-lands comply with their demands and then the Parliament upon debate of the whole Treaty Voted his Concessions a ground to settle the Kingdom of which presently But a little before the conclusion of the Treaty which hapned on the 27th of Nov. the Army Cromwel being now come out of Scotland had after a long Consultation how to break it off hammered out a villanous Remonstrance on the 16th of that Month at St. Albans and on the 28th presented it to the House of Commons by Col. Ewers related to the Lord Ewers and seven Officers more the Treasonable and Execrable Heads thereof setting aside that Principle That the Magistery of the People is Supreme were as followeth First That the Capital and Grand Author of our Troubles viz. the Person of the King by whose procurement and for whose Interest of Will and Power all our Wars have been may be brought to Iustice for the Treason Blood and Mischief he is therein guilty of Secondly That a Timely Day may be set for the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York to come in by which time if they do not that then they may immediately be declared incapable of any Trust or Government in this Kingdom or its Dominions and thence to stand exiled for ever as Enemies or Traytors to die without mercy if ever after found or taken therein c. If by the time limited they do render themselves that then the Prince be proceeded with as on appearance he shall give satisfaction or not and then the Duke as he shall give satisfaction may be considered as to future Trust or not But however that the Revenue of the Crown saving necessary allowances for the Children and for Servants and Creditors to the Crown be Sequestred and the costly pomp suspended for a good number of years and that this Revenue be for that time disposed toward Publike Charges Debts and Damages for the easing of the people so as the Estates neither of Friends to publique Interest nor alone of inferior Enemies thereunto may bear the whole burthen of that loss and charge which by and for that Family the Kingdom hath been put unto Thirdly That Capital punishment be speedily Executed upon a competent number of his Chief Instruments also both in former and later Wars and that some of both sorts be pitcht upon as are really in your hands or reach Fourthly That the rest of the Delinquents English may upon rendring themselves to Iustice have mercy for their lives and that only Fines be set upon them and their persons declared incapable of any Publique Trust or having any voice in Elections thereto at least for a good number of years And that a short day may be set by which all such Delinquents may come in and for those who come not in by that day that their Estates be absolutely Confiscated and sold to the Publike use and their Persons stand Exiled as Traytors and to die without mercy if ever after found in the Kingdom or its Dominions Fifthly That the satisfaction of Arrears to the Souldiery with other publike Debts and competent reparations of publique Damages may be put into some orderly way And that therefore the Fines and Compositions of Delinquents be disposed to those uses only as also the Confiscations of such who shall be excluded from Pardon or not come in by the day assigned Now after Publique Iustice thus provided for we proceed in order to the general satisfaction and Settlement of the Kingdom First That you would set some reasonable and certain period to your own Power Secondly That with a period to this Parliament that there may be a Settlement of the Peace and future Government of the Kingdom And in order thereto First That there may be a certain Succession of future Parliaments Annual or Biennial with secure provision 1. For the certainty of their Sitting Meeting and Ending 2. For equal Elections 3. For the Peoples meeting to Elect Provided that none engaged in War against the Kingdom may Elect or be Elected nor any other who oppose this Settlement 4. For clearing the power of Parliaments as Supreme only they may not give away any Foundation of Common Right 5. For liberty of Entring Dissents in the said Representatives that the people may know who are fit for future Trusts but without any penalty for their free Iudgments Thirdly That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election of and as upon Trust from the people by such their Representatives nor without first disclaiming all pretence to a Negative Voice against the Determinations of the Commons in Parliament and this to be done in some Form more clear than heretofore in the Coronation-Oath These Matters of General Settlement we propound to be provided by the Authority of the Commons in this Parliament and to be further Established by a general Contract or Agreement of the people with their Subscriptions thereunto And that no King be admitted to the Crown nor other person to any Office of publique Trust without express Accord and Subscription to the same This was the Basis Method and Model of Cromwels Tyranny and though he had changed his pretences according to the exigences of time and occasions yet he was fixed here as having learnt from Matchiavel that there is no readier way to an Usurpation than by destroying the Fundamental Laws and Essentials of Government and proposing pleasing Innovations to the Vulgar This he drove at in his possessed Servants the Levellers whom he put on to divulge this new secret of Empire but they thundering of it out and to try its acceptance as the rain in unseasonable weather he was content to abandon them to a shower of Bullets influenced on one of his prime Boâ—tefeus by the Command of the Parliament to the General as beforesaid in 1647 at Ware For observe the trace of his Policie after this Critical Juncture when he had superated all difficulties and removed all obstacles and you shall see how sequaciously he copied these Articles of Agreement as they were called of the people First Destroy the King as a Tyrant then exclude the Royal Progeny then disable its potent Friends and ingratiate with the mean Next Gratifie and engage the Souldiers with promise of Arrears and Establishment Then the next subsequent great work is the dissolution of the Parliament then a Chimaera of Government such as Barebones Convention And lastly A pretended Elective Tyranny under the Style of Protector which his impiety afforded him not only to subscribe but to swear to The ill news of this pestilent Paper flew amain
I conceive there is nothing can more obstruct the long-hoped-for Peace of this Nation than the illegal proceedings of them that presume from Servants to become Masters and labour to bring in Democracie and to abolish Monarchy Needs must the total alteration of Fundamentals be not only destructive to others but in conclusion to themselves for they that endeavour to rule by the Sword shall at last fall by it for Faction is the Mother of Ruine and it is the humour of those that are of this Weather-cock-disposition to love nothing but Mutabilities neither will that please them but only pro tempore for too much variety doth but confound the senses and make them still hate one folly and fall in love with another Time is the best cure for Faction for it will at length like a spreading Leprosie infect the whole Body of the Kingdon and make it so odious that at last they will hate themselves for love of that and like the Fish for love of the Bait be catched with the Hook I once more declare to all my loving Subjects and God knows whether or no this may be my last that I have earnestly laboured for Peace and that my thoughts were sincere and absolute without sinister ends and that there was nothing left undone by me that my Conscience would permit me to do And I call God to witness that I do firmly conceive that the interposition of the Army that Cloud of Malice hath altogether eclipsed the glory of that Peace which began again to shine in this Land And let the world judge whether it be expedient for an Army to contradict the Votes of a Kingdom endeavouring by pretending for Laws and Liberties to subvert both Such acts as these must produce strange consequences and set open the flood-gates of ruine to over-flow this Kingdom in a moment Had this Treaty been only mine own seeking then they might have had fairer pretences to have stopt the course of it but I being importuned by my two Houses and they by most part of the Kingdom could not but with a great deal of alacrity concur with them in their desires to the performance of so commodious a work And I hope by this time that the hearts and eyes of my people are opened so much that they plainly discover who are the underminers of this Treaty For my part I here protest before the Face of Heaven that my own afflictions though they need no addition afflict me not so much as my peoples sufferings for I know what to trust to already and they know not God comfort both them and me and proportion our patience to our sufferings And when the malice of mine Enemies is spun out to the smallest thread let them know that I will by the Grace of God be as contented to suffer as they are active to advance my Sufferings and mine own Soul tells me that the time will come when the very Clouds shall drop down vengeance upon the heads of those that barricado themselves against the proceedings of Peace for if God hath proclaimed a blessing to the Peace-makers needs must the Peace-breakers draw down curses upon their heads I thank my God I have armed my self against their fury and let the Arrows of their envy fly at me I have a breast to receive them and a heart possest with patience to sustain them for God is my Rock and my Shield therefore I will not fear what men can do unto me I will expect the worst and if any thing happen beyond my expectation I will give God the Glory for vain is the help of man This Declaration gave entire and compleat satisfaction to the most refractory of the Presbyterian Party who when too late perceived their untoward scuffling and debating with so excellent a Prince had brought him and themselves to ruine together with three Kingdoms the care of which when his Protection failed the King as his last and most incumbent business resumed in this following Letter For having thus resigned himself into the hands of God and patiently submitted to his Cross he in a way of renunciation and Self-deposition of his Government transferred and bequeathed the Scepter with these following excellent Advices to his Son the Prince Newport Novemb. 29. 1648. SON BY what hath been said you may see how long We have laboured in the search of Peace Do not you be discouraged to tread those ways in all worthy means to restore your self to your Right but prefer the way of Peace Shew the greatness of your mind rather to Conquer your Enemies by pardoning than by punishing If you saw how unmanly and unchristian this implacable disposition is in Our Ill-willers you would avoid that spirit Censure Vs not for having parted with too much of Our own Right the Price was great the Commodity was Security to us Peace to Our People And We are confident another Parliament would remember how useful a Kings Power is to a Peoples Liberty and of how much We have devested Our Self that We and they might meet again in a due Parliamentary way to agree the Bounds for Prince and People And in this give belief to Our Experience never to affect more Greatness or Prerogative than what is really and intrinsecally for the good of your Subjects not satisfaction of Favourites And if you thus use it you will never want means to be a Father to all and a bountifull Prince to any you would be extraordinarily gracious unto You may perceive all men trust their Treasure where it returns them Interest and if Princes like the Sea receive and repay all the fresh Streams and Rivers trust them with they will not grudge but pride themselves to make up an Ocean These considerations may make you a Great Prince as your Father is now a low one and your State may be so much the more established as mine hath been shaken For Subjects have learned We dare say that Victories over their Prince are but Triumphs over themselves and so will be the more unwilling to hearken to Changes hereafter The English Nation are a sober people however at present under some infatuation We know not but this may be the last time We may speak to you or the world publikely We are sensible into what hands We are fallen and yet we bless God we have those inward refreshments that the malice of Our Enemies cannot disturb To conlude if God give you Success use it humbly and far from Revenge If he restore you to your Rights upon hard Conditions whatever you promise keep Those men which have forced Laws which they were bound to observe will find their Triumphs full of troubles Do not think any thing in this world worth obtaining by force and unjust means You are the Son of Our Love and as We direct you to what We have recommended to you so We assure you We do not more affectionately pray for you to whom We are a Natural Parent than We do that
of good City-Extraction a Colonel made by Fairfax Lieutenant of the Tower for a while Lord Mayor of London and one of the infamous Triers of his Sovereign the meritorious service oâ— all his preferments and greatness ¶ Col. George Fleetwood of Buckingham-shire Kinsman to Sir Miles Master of the Kings Court of Wards and Brother to Sir William a very Loyal and honest Gentleman and to Charles Fleetwood a very Knave and Fool. ¶ Iames Temple of Sussex Colonel came in to this pack for his share of the spoil a man remarkable for nothing but this horrid business ¶ Thomas Wait a Râ—tlâ—ndshire-man a Recruit to the Parliament chosen by the Armes influence and from a mean person made by them Governour of Burleigh by which means he became engaged to their Interests and Designes ¶ Peter Temple formerly a Linnen-drapers apprentice in Friday-street but his elder Brother dying forsook his Trade and was possest of some 400 pounds a year in Leicestershire was as a Recruit chosen Burgess for that County-town as Colleague to Sir Arthur Haslerig made a Captain of Horse and a great Committee-man but of very weak parts and easie to be led where the hopes and promises of profit guided him yet got nothing though a constant Rumper being fooled by Oliver into the snare as he hath often confessed it ¶ Robert Lilburn of the Bishoprick of Durham Brother of Iohn Lilburn the Trouble-world sided formerly with Cromwel and was through-paced to his Interests though another Brother repented and would have kept Tinmouth-castle for the King when Iohn fell off upon a Model of his own A Colonel of Horse he was made a while before this Regicide and so ran fearlesly into the danger of it ¶ Gilbert Millington a Lawyer and constant Chair-man of the Committee for plundered Ministers the sweets of which Imployment set his Teeth on edge and sharpned him to this cruel attempt upon his Sovereigns life ¶ Vincent Potter a Recruit of the said Long-Parliament a Mushroom-Member so suddenly sprung up and from such ignoâ—e Relations that the only knowledge of him came by this infamous Murder ¶ Iohn Downes formerly a Citizen then a Colonel in the Army and a Recruit to the Parliament and by menaces and threats engaged in this fatal business he would have opposed the violence that carried it but was over-born himself his Allegeance and Conscience being over-awed by Cromwel These of the Kings Iudges marked with ‖ are those that fled the Kingdome upon His Majesties Return ‑ Thomas Wogan a recruit likewise to the Parliament had his lesson set him upon his procured Election that he was to endeavour the Ruine of the Kingdom for his share in it and to destroy the King to become himself one of our Princes in the Anarchy ‑ Iohn Lisle a Gentleman and a Lawyer bred was born of a good Family who had a fair Patrimony in the Isle of Wight whose Father dyed there during the Treaty a severe and supercilious person clouded always with pretences of Religion and Common-wealth Interest The very picture of a male-content and by his countenance the counterfeit of Guy Fauks his Dark-lanthorn directed to this conspiracy For his service done herein he was made one of the Commissioners of the new Great Seal Master of Saint Crosses a place onely fit for a Divine worth 800 per annum in place of a reverend Doctor for which preferments he became obliged to the Blood-sucking State to assume the Scarlet Robes and the as deep dyed guilt of Iohn Bradshaw and be President to all the High Courts of Justice during the Usurpation the last effects of his sanguinous violence being the death of Sir Henry Slingsby Doctor Hewit and others of lesser quality He fled upon the return of the King and not long after fell himself by the hand of Violence ‑ William Say Esquire a Member also of the Long Robe and a well-practised but ill counselled Lawyer who for the Fee of this wicked combination had Liberty to get what he could being foysted in as one of the illegal recruits of the Long-Parliament He sate in the Chair of the Scorner when Lenthall the Speaker was sick of the sullens for ten days upon the approach of General Monke and gave himself the Thanks of the House while three Kingdoms gave him their Curses He is relatively good by a Brother now living Fellow of Oriel-Colledge in Oxford for whose sake I will speak no more of him till Justice finde him for he is fled ‑ Col. Valentine Walton whose first remarque was the marriage of Cromwel's Sister by whose awe and command he was made by the Parliament Governour of Lyn and Bashaw of the Isle of Ely which place he had fortified if before Cromwel could have compleated his designe he had been forced thither He hath escaped hitherto but remains in the list of the Fugitives of that tribe ‑ Col. Edward Whalley once a Wollen-draper descended from a Family in Nottingham-shire but decaying left the Ell and took up the Spear and from our first Troubles continued in them till he rose to be Commissary-General of the Horse These advantages taught him first to betray the King at Hampton-Court under pretence of affection when he made him fly to the Isle of Wight and to murder him afterwards without any scruple He is fled also ‑ Edmund Ludlow whose Father was a Traytor before him and uttered Treasonable words against the King in the House of Commons in 1643. which were afterwards accomplished by his Son in this unparallell'd Fact who by several gradations in the Parliament and Army came to be a Lieutenant-General and one of the chief Commissioners for Ireland ‑ Sir Michael Livesey a person of an undone reputation and Estate in Kent whose Plunder-Master-General he was in the progress of the War a fit person for the employment Dignum patella operculum ‑ Iohn Hewson a broken Shoo-maker or Cobler who by degrees rose to be a Colonel a Fellow fit for any mischief and capable of nothing else as his story will declare and therefore no wonder that he was a partaker in this impiety He is since dead in Exile and was buried by report at Amsterdam ‑ William Goffe a Salters Apprentice run from his Master into the Army and by his boldness was notified to the Grandees thereof who liking of his humour preferred him and served themselves with his company in this flagitious crime ‑ Cornelius Holland a Servant to Sir Henry Vane and preferred by him to the Green-cloth in the Kings Houshould His Father was a poor man and dyed a Prisoner in the Fleet but this Fellow got a vast Estate by his disloyalty against a good Master whom he not onely robbed but murthered ‑ Thomas Challoner a great Republican and Enemy to the King his Family and Government since he knew what it was the great Speech-maker against him
these though uncertain friends rather than expect it from so implacable an Enemy And in some sort it may be said that this overthrow did much serve to conciliate both interests for the Kirk could not now defend it self with its own Arms and was constrained to accept of help from those they had rejected so that the Earl of Cleaveland Lord Wilmot and other English Royalists we shall mention the Scotch by and by who were upon their departure none but the Duke of Buckingham and Colonel Massey Graves and Titus being permitted to stay now continued there so that the common voice then was that the King had lost nothing in the discomfiture of that Army of the Kirk The same day in the afternoon presently after this blow the Scots quitted Leith and Edenburgh whither old Leven got by nine of the clock Lesley at two and had packt up their Bag and Baggage and by Queens-ferry marched to Sterling Cromwel marched fast after them and the next day quartered at the two places aforesaid with a resolution to fortifie Leith Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Hobson being made Governour thereof and Colonel Overton of Edenburgh with his Brigade to secure it while the Army marched towards Sterling having received recruits by shipping from Dunbar Upon occasion of this Victory several Ministers in London of the Presbyterian way were summoned to appear Sept. 18 before the Committee of the Militia according as Cromwel had intimated in the before-recited Letter and charged to observe the Thanks-giving day the Parliament had appointed for this their great success in Scotland On the 14 of September General Cromwel marched out of Edenburgh with 7 days Provision for the Scots had not left any manner of subsistance betwixt that and Sterling and on the 15 reached beyond Linlithgow but through bad weather was constrained to retreat thither that night for shelter the 16 to Falkirk within a mile of Sterling from whence fresh Letters of the old strain were sent into that City but the Trumpeter was not suffered to enter whereupon Order was given for a Storm but upon better thoughts of the danger forborn so that on the 19 of September they returned to Linlithgow whither came General Dean to him from shipboard being newly arrived at Leith in the Speaker Frigot and fortified the Town being the Road-way betwixt Edenburgh and Sterling and a sufficient Garrison was left to maintain it and so on the 22 the English returned to Edenburgh where Colonel Whaley had offered the Ministers fled to the Castle leave to come out and Preach in their several Parishes but they refused Now was the time of the Independent Ecclesiastical Government for the Parliament would no longer halt between two opinions An Act was now published for relief of Religious and Peaceable people from the rigour of former Acts of Parliament whereby the compulsive Authority of Presbytery and its appurtenances of Lay Elders was quite annihilated and the Separatists and Sectaries were the onely Church countenanced then in London who to make themselves more considerable and in grateful acknowledgment to the Parliament raised one Regiment of Horse and another of Foot of well-affected persons to be ready upon all occasions for defence of the Commonwealth and marched in good equipage through the City to Hide-park being then made up three Regiments of Foot and two of Horse to the number of 8000. being led by Colonel then made Major-General Harrison Several other recruits for the Army were now drawn out of Colonel Barkstead's Regiment in the Tower and new men raised in divers Counties for the same service The Duke of York was now at the Hague from whence he went to Breda whereabout at a Town called Longstraet in Brabant His Brother the Prince of Aurange was raising of some Troops designed as it was thought for Scotland to be commanded by the Duke from whence a while after he passed to the Rhyne in Guelderland accompanied with some English Noble-men and Sir George Ratcliff Sir Iohn Byron and Sir Iohn Berkley and thence returned to the Hague where the Lords Iermyn and Seymor with Colonel Progers left him with the Piercy the Lord Culpeper taking his journey into the Dutchy of Cleve the Lord Cottington and Sir Edward Hide were at the same time at Madrid in Spain negotiating the Kings affairs at that Court where finding nothing but shews and temporary Counsels in relation to any assistance from thence they resolved to depart The Lord Goring was likewise newly come into the Low Countries Prince Rupert having disengaged himself of the English Fleet at Lisbon that had long blockt him up being now at Sea on the same coast of Spain on the beginning of November where at Velos and Malaga he had burnt five or six English ships advice hereof was presently given to General Blake then with the same Fleet hovering about that shore who on the 3 and 4 of November with some of his said ships first mastered the Robuck another of the Princes named the Black Prince of 44 Guns being ready to be boarded ran on shore and on the 5 of November four more ran a ground the Guns Tackle and Furniture of all which were then demanded of the King of Spain by Fisher the Parliaments Agent there and promised to be delivered as a pledge of that respect the King of Spain was now manifesting to the Authority of the Commonwealth of England Prince Rupert with the Reformation and his Brother Prince Maurice in the Swallow by good intelligence avoiding the same Fleet sail'd into the Adriatick Sea and refreshing themselves a while at Sicily when Blake sailed to the Isle of Majorca guessing that for their Rendezvouze put to Sea again and took an English ship called theâ— Marmaduke laden from Archangel in Russia to Legorn with Caveer and Hides of a great value and with her sailed into Toulon and there exposed her to sale and â—ook up their remaining part of Winter in that station In requital of which eâ—tertainment the Parliament made seizure of several ships both of War and Merchandise belonging to the French Nation But before this loss came a greater to the King for it pleased God on the 16 of September to lessen the number of that sorrowful Family by the death of the Princess Elizabeth who died at Carisbroke-Castle having lain sick a fortnight she first complained of her Head after her coming from Bowls with her Brother the Duke of Gloucester and though little care was taken there the place affording no learned Physician yet Dr. Mayâ—rn sent down some fitting Cordials but her grief was irremediable In October she was buried in the Church of Newport the Mayor and Aldermen attending her to her Grave This was seconded with the death of the Prince of Aurange who some while before having had several contests with the Burgermasters of some of the chief Cities of Holland and had designed the seizing of Amsterdam in order to the accomplishing his intentions
with other good Conditions and Indemnity which there being no likelihood of doing His Majesty any Service by longer keeping it relief also being so very scarce difficult and uncertain was at last accepted and that little Citadel delivered into their Hands In Ireland the Forces there remaining being now under the sole Command of the Marquess of Clanrickard whom the Earl of Castlehaven did to the last assist in the Kings Service being drawn to the relief of Finagh were there totally routed 800 taken and killed Colonel Macdonnel his Lieutenant-Colonel and Major taken prisoners Colonel Mac Hugh and Colonel Caban killed and 376 Officers besides taken upon which followed the Rendition of Finagh upon Articles After these successes several Officers having liberty to go for England it was the fortune of the Colonels Axtell Sadler the Irish Adjutant-General and Colonel Le Hunt to be taken Prisoners by a Frigat of Scilly and there Landed and Imprisoned till such time as that Island acknowledged the possession of the States of England who having erected their High Court of Iustice had in revenge of Dorislaus and Ascham Sentenced Sir Henry Hide Cosen to Sir Edward then Lord-Chancellor with the King for taking upon him the quality of an Embassador from His Majesty to the Grand Seignior at Constantinople and demanding Audience in his Name which they aggravated with imputations of his designe of seizing those Merchants Estates there and Affronting Sir Thomas Bendish the old Resident there with his new Commission It booted nor availed Sir Henry who at his Tryal having been long out of England would have used the Italian Tongue as the readiest for his defence which was also charged upon him as his vanity and pride to deny extenuate or justifie the several parts of his accusation his Name was guilt enough He was Sentenced to be Beheaded which Death he suffered against the Old Exchange on Cornhill with as much courage of minde as weakness of Body and is justly inscribed to the Roll of Martyrs Captain Brown Bushel who had delivered Scarborough to Sir Hugh Cholmly then revolted in the year 1643. from the Parliament and being Prisoner at Hull for the same had been exchanged by Hotham then winding about to his Allegiance suffered in the same manner the 29 of March But it is not a rude Prolepsis of the time to assigne him because of the nearness of their Deaths for the same cause of Loyalty his place in this year in the Company of Sir Henry Hide Yet before we conclude the Revolution of this year we must adde one of the most remarkable occurrences in it viz. the Embassadors sent by this State to that of the Low Countries who departed hence about March the 10 and landed at Rotterdam the 14 being met by the way by two Yachts of State and handsomely accommodated at the English-house there by some of the said Company The Names of them were Chief-Justice Saint Iohn of the Common-Pleas formerly the Kings Sollicitor and the Earl of Straffords vehement Adversary and Mr. Walter Strickland stiled in their Credentials the Lords Embassadors Extraordinary from the Parliament of England and were the first that they ever sent to any Forrain Princes for as from Kings and Sovereigns they had just cause to fear their united Forces to chastise that infamous Regicide whose example was so dangerous to themselves Anno Dom. 1651. ON the 30 of March attended by a gallant Retinue of their own and such as that State sent with Coaches they were received to Audience where Saint Iohn in a well-composed Speech very gravely declared that notwithstanding several injuries received by the English Commonwealth and Subjects from that State yet the Parliament had sent them first to make a firm League and Friendship with them if they should think fit 2. That to that purpose they would renew that most amicable Treaty of Commerce made between the King of England and the Duke of Burgundy their then Sovereign in 1495. 3. He set forth those many advantages in point of Trade and Navigation the Dutch might receive from England by such a League discoursing of the commodiousness and Excellent Situation of the Ports and Harbours and other Emoluments 4. He expressed the just resentment of the Parliament for the Death of Doctor Darislaus and that he doubted not but their High and Mighty Lordships would give satisfaction therein and cause Justice to be Executed upon those Offenders Which said a Committee was appointed to confer with him further and he conducted in the same manner as he came to his own Lodgings But the States General shewed no great readiness to embrace this new Friendship of their Rival States although the Province of Holland did endeavour to promote it for the Prince of Aurange's Interest was yet very potent in their Assemblies which was the reason no Address had been made before in his life-time from the Parliament who very much courted this peoples Amity not onely from the nearness and likeness of both their rises to be Commonwealths but for that no danger was so neer and to be feared elsewhere from the Interest and Alliance of the King But the people were far more averse to any accommodation with Traytors and Murderers as they called these Ministers and their followers which Clamours were heightned by the Royalists then yet in great numbers residing there The Duke of York being then in the Country with the Princess of Aurange his Sister as also the Queen of Bohemia and Prince Edward her Son who first gave these Embassadors an Affront as they chanced to meet him in their Coach taking the Air neer the Hague with his Sister the Princess Henrietta in his Hand where in indignation he gave them the opprobrious names of Dogs and Traytors The next day several uproars were made about their House as if there were a resolution to Storm it nor was it safe for them or any of their Gentlemen to stir abroad and several advices were given them of designed attempts upon their persons Of both these affronts and injuries they complained to the States who after a long and tedious delay summoned Prince Edward to appear and answer but he pleaded he was a Prince of the Empire and Subject to no other Jurisdiction and for the other appointed them a Corps du guard to secure the House and by a Proclamation prohibited all manner of injuries or violence to be done unto them but notwithstanding the said indignities were yet committed frequently In this sort they continued there expecting an Answer and Conclusion which Mounsieur Bellieur did likewise hinder what in him lay his Servants and attendants being as quarrelsome and slighting of these English as any whosoever and in the interim six of the chiefest Gentlemen of their Retinue travelling upwards the Country were met by a Lorain-Colonel one Harter then going to the Spaw and kept Prisoners for a Ransome which at length was paid to the Spanish-Governour of
Fourth the Demeasnes and Jurisdiction whereof lay in the Dutchy of Normandy in France under the English Soveraginty and Earl of Torrington in his own native County of Devon and Baron of Potheridge his own Patrimony Beauchamp and Teyes by which he hath right of Peerage in the three Kingdoms whose equal Felicity and Honour he advanced and raised before himself and now most deservingly shared with them by his Investiture in these Dignities which were compleated Iuly the 13 by his taking his place in the House of Lords attended by the House of Commons and introduced by the Duke of Buckingham In the same month General Montague was created Earl of Sandwich Viscount Hinchingbrooke his famous Mannor in Huntingtonshire and Baron of St. Neots in the same County and on the 16 of Iuly took likewise his place in the House of Peers where they both shine with that degree of splendor by which the Duke reduced and the Earl dawned at the day of Englands Glory and Liberty The Duke of Ormond was likewise made Earl of Brecknock and took his place among the Peers of England he was also made Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold as the Earl of Lindsey was made Lord High-Chamberlain the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold and the Earl of Southampton Lord High-Treasurer of England Sir Frederick Cornwallis was made Treasurer of the Kings Houshold by an old Grant and Sir Iohn Berkley Comptroller and other Royalists were made Officers therein Several presents were made to the King from the several Cities and Boroughs of the Kingdom in Gold and Plate and resignation of Fee-farm-rents purchased from the Usurpers among the rest the City of London with a Complement of their good Stewardship by the mouth of their Recorder Sir William Wilde rendred their like Grant of New Parke in Surrey All the Rents accruing at Michaelmas-day were now secured from the late Purchasers of Kings Queens Bishops Dean and Chapters lands for the use of the right and unquestionable Proprietors to the defeating the miserable and unjust covetousness of such undue and unwarrantable penniworths A splendid Embassy came this Month of August from Denmark to congratulate his Majesties most happy Restitution as a little before the Lord Iermyn newly made Earl of Saint Albans the Title last failing in the renowned Marquess of Clanrickard Vlick de Burgh who had so eminently asserted his Majesties Rights in Ireland and after the reduction thereof came into England and died in London in some distress far unfitting his nobleness of minde as well as former most honourable Estate a while before the Kings Return was sent to France in the quality of Lord Embassador Extraordinary to that Crown Soon after the Prince de Ligne with a right Princely Train and retinue becoming the grandeur of the Affair he was sent to Congratulate from his Majesty of Spain betwixt whom and this Kingdom a Peace after a six years War was lately Proclaimed was with great state received and had solemn Audience by the King and departed and was succeeded by the Baron of Battevile to be Resident and Embassador in Ordinary at this Court. From the French King soon after came another Illustrious and grand Personage upon the same account by name the Count of Soissons who had married the Cardinal's Neece and entred and was entertained here with all sumptuous and extraordinary Magnificence In sum there was no Prince nor State in Europe who sent not or were not a sending their Embassador upon this wonderful occasion The Parliament after many debates and disputes alterations and insertions at last finished the Act of Oblivion which was extraordinary comprehensive and indulgent to the regret of many injured Royalists who found no better perswasive to their acquiescence in it but their unalterable duty to the King whose special Act this was Out of this were only excepted the Regicides and Murderers of their late Soveraign as to Life and Estate besides Colonel Lambert and Sir Henry Vane and Twenty others reserved to such Forfeitures as should by Parliament be declared the principal of these were Sir Arthur Haselrig Oliver Saint Iohn William Lenthal the Speaker Mr. Ny the Independent Minister Burton of Yarmouth and some Sequestrators Officers and Major-Generals of the Army amongst whom was Desborough Pine Butler Ireton c. They passed likewise an Act for a perpetual Anniversary Thanksgiving on the 29 of May the day of his Majesties Birth and Restauration a day indeed memorable and the most auspicious in our English Kalendar and worthy of a Parliaments Canonization Both which his Majesty gave his Royal Assent to as at the Adjournment to another for Disbanding of the Army and paying off the Navy which once looked upon us with the same feared perpetual danger as the Mamalukes or Ianizaries but by this happy conjuncture of his Majesties Fortune with his Wisdom and Goodness yielded after many Modules to its last Dissolution Great sums by Pole-money and other Assessments were imposed and speedily and cheerfully levied and paid to finish this desired work which had before wasted so many Millions of Treasure Mr. Scowen Mr. Pryn Col. King and Sir Charles Doyley were appointed Commissioners to disband them to which the Souldiery very willingly and with thanks to the King submitted the King giving them a Weeks pay as a Donative and Largess The Parliament adjourned till the 6 of November These Felicities of the King we have hitherto insisted on as the course of all worldly things is guided were abated and allayed by the immature and most lamented Death of the right Excellent Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester his Majesties youngest Brother a Prince of very extraordinary hopes Silence will best become our lamentation for his vertues and our loss of them transcend expression He died of the Small-pox Aged Twenty years and two months after much Blood-letting and was Interred with a private Funeral in Henry the Seventh's Chappel at Westminster just before the arrival of his Sister the Princess of Orange who came to joy and felicitate her Brothers in their happy Restitution With the King and Monarchy the Ecclesiastical Regiment by Bishops recovered it self by his Majesties Piety and Prudence that Aphorism being most sadly verified No Bishop No King and therefore on the 20 of September Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London that antient and excellent Prelate was by the King translated from that See to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury which was performed with great Solemnity and not long after several new Bishops persons the most eminent and valiant assertors of the Church and Laws of England were Consecrated in the Abby at Westminster and all the Diocesses filled of which together presently in an ensuing Catalogue Divine Vengeance had with a slow foot traced the murtherers of our Martyr'd Soveraign and through several Mazes at last overtook them the iron hand of Justice delivering them to the punishment due to that grand impiety nor was it
usual confidence of his Party made an end His Quarters were disposed of by his Majesties Orders and his Head set upon a Pole in White Chappel near the place of his Meeting for example to his Fellows Some discourses there were of a Design about Dunkirk and the Duke of York passed over there this Month carrying the Garrison money and upon his arrival viewed the Fortifications and Lines and found it stronger by some new Forts the Governour the Lord Rutherford now made Earl of Tiviot and Governour of Tangeir had raised thereabouts and after a short stay returned again for England In Ireland Sir Charles Coot Earl of Mountrath one of the Three Justices of that Kingdome died and was buried in State the power of the other Two remaining being invested in Sir Maurice Eustace and the Earl of Orery till the arrival of the Duke of Ormond He had done excellent Service in that Kingdome against the Rebels and though he afterwards sided with those here yet did he by his last Actions in securing that Kingdome to the Interest of his Majesty and helping on the Restitution redeem his former demerits which could be charged on him no otherwise than as a Souldier of Fortune he was one of General Monck's right hands in carrying on the Change The Duke of Ormond was by the Parliament of Ireland gratulated upon his appointment to that Government by Letters sent from the Speakers of both Houses The Council for the Principality of Wales was also erected by the King and setled at Ludlow the usual Residence the Earl of Carbery Lord Vaughan was made President the old Earl of Norwich Clerk of the Council and others of the Nobility and Gentry Assistants Judges also were established and the said Lord President in great State brought into the Town attended by a great Train of the chief Persons thereabouts and joyfully welcomed and complemented This Christmass the Honourable Society of Lincolns-Inne renewed their Custom of the Inns of Court by chusing a Prince who during the Festival commands like a Soveraign in the places adjoyning to the said Inne the Gentleman chosen this time was one Iohn Lort Esquire a Gentleman of Wales by the Title of Prince Le Grange he gave and the King was pleased to accept a Treatment from him the Ceremonies due to a Prince being exactly observed in every respect a Council Judges and Officers of State Honour and Nobility attending this his Highness whom the King at the expiration of his term of Royalty made a Knight Baronet The Marquess Durazzo Embassador from the Republick of Genoa was about this time honourably received by the King attended through the City to Sir Abraham Williams his house by the Earl of Carlisle Complemented from the King by the Earl of Bullingbrook and brought to Audience by the Lord Buckhurst In Scotland Episcopacy which had been so long banished thence was now reduced with all gladness and testimonies of a welcome reception after the experience of so many miseries and confusions which had befallen that Nation through the Fury and Zealotry of the Kirk The four Bishops that were Consecrated at Lambeth a little before this whereof Dr. Iames Sharpe Arch-Bishop of St. Andrews Metropolitan of Scotland was one Consecrating others in that Kingdom the whole Order being there defunct by the long Usurpation of the Presbyterian Discipline To the confirmation therefore of this Sacred resetled Authority the Lord-Commissioner with most of the Nobility and Gentry accompanied the Arch-Bishop of Glascow where the Kirk-Rebellion was first hatched to that City where the face of things was quite altered no Person or occasion ever welcomer or more acceptable than this as their Bells and Bonefires declared And here the Lord Commissioner put sorth a Proclamation prohibiting the payment of any Ecclesiastical Rents o Tythe or profits of the Ministry whatsoever to any who in a short time limited should not acknowledge and own their Diocesan Bishop and his Authority and receive Induction from him Some few grand Factious Predicants stood out and were cuted of their Livings and others the most unquiet and refractory Commanded to depart that Kingdom now well cleared of that Clergy the Original and Fountain of those bitter waters and Rivers of Blood which overflowed the three Nations A like Church-work was taken in hand in England the King at his Entrance into London upon his Restitution-day May 29 fadly observed and shook his Head at the Ruines of St. Paul's Cathedral and therefore the first vacancy his affairs permitted him was bestowed on the consideration of that Religious Structure and thereupon he issued out a Commission to Sir Orlando Bridgeman Sir Ieoffery Palmer and others of the Long Robe with other Gentlemen to take some speedy Order for the Repair thereof and to that pious work he gave the Arrears of Impropriations and Ecclesiastical Livings excepted out of the Act of Oblivion impowering to call all such as owed any Moneys thereupon to account and to lay it out to that use The former Dean of which Cathedral Dr. Nicholas Brother to Master Secretary of State Sir Edward died now of a malignant Feavor called the Country new Disease and Dr. Barwick a man that had suffered all Extremities even of Dungeon and Famine in the Tower from the Rump soon after the King's death was substituted by the King in his place it being reckoned with the late improvement the best Deanry now in England Soon after Dr. Nicholas died Dr. Nicholas Monke Bishop of Hereford and Brother to the Noble General whose private Contemplative liâ—e was no less observed than Jewels in the dark which then shine brightest his Illustrious Brother governing the conspicuous splendor of the Times while he ruled with the recluse vertues of his minde in the obscurity of the Church which afterwards spread and lustre it borrowed from the Beams of this its Luminary though now suddenly deprived of a great part of it in this his Setting And most fit it is that his Name should be Canonized and for ever had Sacred in our Kalendar and Church-Annals About the same time died also Dr. Brian Walton Lord-Bishop of Chester famous for the Polyglotte-Bible and other Excellencies becoming a Prelate nor did his successor Dr. Ferne many weeks outlive him whose defences of the Church will never be forgotten And lastly died Dr. Thomas Fuller known by his several Books and indefatigable industry better than by any account can here be given of him Such a Train of Scholars and Learned men did barbarous Death lead in Triumph to the Captivating Grave that her envious Pomp might draw our eye and tears to this sad spectacle and that might honourably accompany the Fate of the Bishop of Hereford A Fleet was Rigg'd and set to Sea to fetch home the Queen from Portugal and to carry the Forces to Tangier which was delivered by the Portugueze Garrison to Sir Richard Stayner who with 500 men was left to maintain it till the Earl
the Holy-days it being then Easter-week tumultuously took upon 'um to pull down Houses of ill fame about the Suburbs according to former practises though their chief designe was to Steal and Plunder Some mischief they did and more intended had they not been dispers'd by the Guards of Horse The Scandal lay upon the Prentices but afterwards it appear'd otherwise Four of the number that were apprehended were upon Tryal found Guilty and Executed two of their Heads being set upon London-Bridge The twelfth of this Moneth the King went to the House of Lords where he was presented by the House with several Bills the chief whereof was one for the raising of 310000 l. by way of Imposition upon Wines and other Liquors which being pass'd with the rest the Parliament was adjourn'd till the 11 th of August next ensuing The place of Lord Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas being vacant Sir Iohn Vaughan was at the latter end of this Moneth solemnly Sworn Serjeant at Law and being the next day advanc'd to the vacant Dignity aforesaid took his place accordingly in Court. This Moneth arrived News that came then too soon of the burning of the Bridge-Town being the chief place of Trade in the Barbadoes the Fire not only consuming the greatest part of the Houses but also blowing up the Magazine to the great detriment of the publick as well as private persons But as it fares with most convenient Situations all hands going to work it quickly flourished again being above half rebuilt before the latter end of the year His Majesty had his Embassadors of Envoys in most other parts of Christendom only Spain and therefore having first conferr'd the Honour of Knighthood upon Sir William Godolphin hs made choice of him to reside as his Embassador in the Court of the Catholick King sending him away with all convenient speed And to keep a Correspondence with the Grand Signior for the good of the Merchants Sir Daniel Harvey was sent much about the same time Embassador to Constantinople These were no sooner gone but Monsieur Colbert arriv'd at London as Embassador from the King of France At the beginning of this Moneth the Duke of York went for Dover neer which place in a Tent erected for that purpose he took the usual Oath of Warden of the Cinque Ports And to shew that his Majesty was not unmindful of keeping a Watch upon the Proceedings of the Netherlands it was not long after that Sir William Temple now the King's Embassador Extraordinary in Holland made his publick Entry into the Hague and had his Audience of the Deputies of the States It was in August expected the Parliament should have met again but the King by his Proclamation for great and weighty considerations adjourn'd them to the tenth of November ensuing In November upon the Resignation of the Lord Gerrard the Duke of Monmouth receives the Command of the Life-guards of Horse being openly conferrd upon him by the King Some few days after Pietro Mocenigo Embassador from the Republick of Venice made his publick Entry and had Audience of his Majesty And now Mr. Secretary Maurice growing old and tiâ—'d with State-Affairs craves leave of the King to make a resignation of his most important employment which being consented to by his Majesty Sir Iohn Trevor Knight succeeded him who at the same time taking the usual Oaths of a Privy-Councellor soon after was admitted to take his place at the Council-board Nor was the King less careful of the Church than State this Moneth being famous for the Consecration of that Learned Prelate Dr. Iohn Wilkins Bishop of Chester in the Chappel of Ely-House His Majesty's Navy though considerable had done little else but shew'd its Grandeur all this Summer when on a suddain Sir Thomas Allen being dispatch'd for the Mediterranean appears before Argier where though at first they stood upon their terms yet when they saw him preparing to use force their Stomacks began to come down so that they immediately offer'd a release of all the Captive English which had been taken by them belonging to Tangier They also agreed to the former Peace made between the King of England and them with some additions which were signed by them and Sir Thomas Allen to this effect That all their Captains should be commanded to let all English Vessels pass without damage or molestation upon their shewing English Colours If in any Vessel the English were equal to the Strangers then they should be free if the Strangers exceeded the English then Lawful Prize however if they shew'd an English Pass to be let go That none of their little Frigats with Oars shall stop any Vessel laden with Provisions or Ammunition for Tangâ—er That they shall not deliver any of their little Frigats with Oars to any of the Salley-men to make use of That if any of their little Vessels intended for Tangier they should take a Pass from the English Consul at Argier From thence he sail'd for Tripoli at whose appearance the King of the place sent out a Brigantine and a Favourite of his to bid him welcome assuring him of his readiness to keep and maintain the ancient Friendship and continue the Articles already agreed on The Parliament who had adjourn'd themselves to the first of March were about the middle of this Moneth by the King's Proclamation Prorogu'd for many weighty and urgent reasons till the tenth of October following The Births of Princes and Princesses oftentimes the subjects of Great Histories are never to be omitted Therefore was this Moneth not a little signalized seeing the Dutchess of York was about the middle thereof deliver'd of a Daughter which was Baptized by the Name of Henrietta by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Duke of Ormond assisting as Godfather the Marchioness of Dorchester and the Countess of Devonshire being honour'd for Godmothers The King in testimonie of his Amity with Spain had sent Sir Edward Sprague as his Envoy to complement the Constable oâ— Castile upon his Entry upon the Government of the Spanish Netherlands who having perform'd what he had in charge return'd at the latter end of this Moneth That which compleated the double date of this Year was the coming of the Prince of Tuscany to compleat his Travels by a view of England where after he had been magnificently Treated by the King himself both at London and Windsor and in many other Cities and places by several of the Nobility and persons of Quality of this Kingdom he departed for Holland and so to his own Country Forrein Affairs 1668. The Differences at Avignon being compos'd the Citizens sent two Embassadors one on the behalf of the Nobility the other of the Commonalty to Rome who being admitted into the presence of the Pope sware Fâ—alty to him after the usual manner and shew'd their great Satisfaction of the choise which the Pope had made of Cardinal Rospigliosi his Nephew to
Corn. After this followed the surrender of Treves to the Imperialists upon Articles of which one was That Crequy who had escaped thither from his Rout should be a Prisoner of War In September the Duke of Lorrain departed this life at Hermansteine neer Coblentz Farther off the King of Poland removed a very great Storm that threatned his Dominions by a very great overthrow of the Tartars wherein a great number of them were slain with the loss of their chief Standard which struck such a terrour into the Turks that with their Captain Ishmael Bassa they made a shameful Retreat out of the Polish Territories But the Low Countries had a worse Enemy to deal with for the Sea breaking into North-Holland the Inundation continued with that violence that many of the Cities of North-Holland had a great share of that Calamity The Harlemeer-Dyke was broken and all the Country round about lay under Water so that many of the Boors Houses were drown'd being covered with the Sea The same Fate befel South-Holland and it is said that had the Inundation continu'd 24 hours longer the whole Country would have run a hazard of being lost And thus you have an account in brief of all the most memorable Transactions since the greatest act of Providence that has been observed for many Ages The happy Restauration of his Majesty And we may aver that here is nothing but Truth if all the publick Intelligence of so many years have not fail'd This is then a Story in dead Colours it behoves them that will lay it in the lively Painting to take more pains than may be thought has here been taken and have greater helps than it was possible for us to have to make use of And therefore if there be any that with the Knowledge of a Privy-Councellor and the Eloquence of a Salust will undertake to cull out the most important Actions which are here reduc'd into order ready to his hand for some of these he must take or be silent and compile them into a judicious History we are ready to vail Bonnet in the mean time these few Sheets may pass for Common Satisfaction FINIS AN ALPHABETICAL TABLE A ABingdon-Garrison Page 70 Aberdeen and St. Andrews yielded 302 Abjuration of the King by the Rump 436 Account of the Dutch War from 315 c. to 323. Their Intrigues with forrein Princes and at home 323. of the Revenue and Charge of the Kingdom under the Vsurpation of Oliver 415 Act against proclaiming of the King 225. For Assessment 235. For sale of Cavaliers Estates ibid. Executed 303. For Marriages 351. For Irish Adventurers and Allotments 352. Several confirmed 500. Against Bishops repealed 501. Pretended of annulling the Title of the King 383 Accidents 315 Addresses how begun 67. To Cromwel upon the dissolution of the Parliament 343. To Richard 410. To the Rump from forrain Princes 423. To the Rump by the Army 422. to the King from the Nobility and Gentry of the whole Kingdom 452 Adjutators 127 forbid Adventurers for Ireland 352 Aix la Chappelle Treaty there 570 Alarm in London 403 Albans Earl 455 made Lord-Chamberlain 580 Allen Sir Thomas Lord Mayor of London 428 Allen Captain sent for the Streights 528. Allen Sir Thomas makes peace with Algiers 569. Lies before Algier 575. Algier Men of War destroyed by the English 578. Returns ibid. Albemarle's stay in London 539. General at Sea 550. One of the Commissioners of the Treasury 563. Dies 575. His Dutchess dies ibid Anabaptism the uppermost Religion 431 Andrews proclaims the Abolishing of Kingly Government and made Lord Mayor 231 Andrews Colonel beheaded 270 Anniversary Act of the King's Nativity 456 Anthony Sir Ashley-Cooper 427 Approbation of Ministers 359 Arches Triumphal 475 to 479 Ards Lord 240 Arguments for Cromwel's accepting the Kingship 386 to 390 Argyle a Privy Councellor sides with the Assembly 8. Policy and shifts 304. Marquiss seized 470. Beheaded 497 Arlington Earl sent into Holland 586. made Lord Chamberlain 599. Sent into France ibid. Armagh Arch-bishop dies 380 Armstrong Sir Thomas joyns with the Marquiss of Ormond 240 Army English very gallant and resolute 10. Parliament Army raised 36. New moduled 67. Quarrel with the Parliament about Irish Transportation and publickly declare their power over them 132. Purging the House ib. Pretend civilities to the King 132 to 136. Designe upon the City and claim the Militia 136. Declaration and insolence 140. Triumphantly through London 141. Delude the King Their Proposals 145 to 147. Suppress a Rising in London 170. Quarter in London Whitehal and the Mews 192. And force the Parliament ibid. Shipt for Ireland at Milford-Haven 237. English advance into Scotland 268. Face the Scots 272. Remonstrance to Richard 416. Their address to the Rump 422. Their representation to the Rump 428. New moulded by Lambert 429. Declaration upon outing the Rump ibid. Their Address joyfully receiving the King's Declaration 466. Disbanded 456 Array Commission 27 Articles of Scotch Cessation 15 Arundel Earl made General of the English 9 Arundel Castle taken by Sir William Waller 56 Ascham slain in Spain 236 Ashley Sir Bernard at Naseby 79. Mortally Wounded at Bristol 84 Ashley Sir Jacob defeated at Stow in the Wold 96. Deserts Newcastle 13 Ashby de la Zouch 97 Ashburnham Mr. John 99 Ashbâ—â—nham Mr. William 148 Aske Iudge 254 Assembly General indicted and meet by their own Authority packt and made up oâ— Lay-Elders refuse the Bishops to sit buâ— cite them to answer as Guilty dissolved within 7 days but continue nevertheless 8. Assembly of Divines 69. General in Scotland 325 Ashton Colonel Edward Quartered 404 Aston Sir Arthur Governour slain at Drogheda 244 Aubigny Lord 41. His Lady 47 Aurange Prince the Kings great Friend 235 dies and a new Prince born 276. Christned 282. Old Prince buried 284. His Interest in Holland 323 Avignon Sedition there 533. Peace composed 570 Axtel Guards the High Court of Iustice 205 Ayscue Sir George at Barbadoes 306. Returns to Plymouth 322. At Dover ibid. In danger Engageth De Ruyter at Plymouth and discharged 323. Prisoner 551 B Badajox Marquiss killed 383 Balmerino Lord his Treason 4 Baggot Kath. Ballishanon 241 242 251 Banbury 108 Barnstable 99 106 Barbadoes reduced 306. Wonder 526. Attempted by De Ruyter 537. Lord Willoughby wounded there 537. Sails from thence with a Fleet 557. Lost in a Hurricane ibid. The Bridge-town burnt there 568. Barbadoes Conspiracy 602. A Hurricane there 602 Barâ—bone denominates a Parliament 350. His Petition 437 Barons created 482 Baronets Catalogue 493 to 496 Bastwick Burton Pryn return from Banishment in great state 16 Bastwick Dr. of Physick Burton a Minister against Bishops c. 2 Basing-house Besieged by Waller in vain 62 Taken 91 BATTLES Edge-hill 40. Newberry first 50.51 Newberry second 65.66 Marston-moor 59. Tepper-moor Alderne Kilsith Philipshaugh in Scotland 73. Naseby 78 to 80. Lamport 82. Routon-heath 89. Colonel Jones defeated near Dublin 164. Defeats Lord Preston with a huge slaughter soon after at
chief there 253 266. His cruelty to the English Cavaliers ibid. Arrives in England 267. Made Gen. for Scotch Expedition 268. His Sophistry with the Scots 271. Marcheth for Sterling 275. his progress in Scotland 279. Alarms the Scots 283. At Glascow sick 289. His designe upon the Parliament 324. A Dictator 343. Made Protector and Installed at Westminster 354. The module of Government and his Oath ibid. Proclaimed and gratulated 355. Names his Privy-council ibid. Invited to dinner by the City and dines there 357. Supplies the Courts with able Iudges ibid. Concludes a Peace with the Dutch ibid. His designes to secure himself 358. Falls from the Coach-box in Hide-park 363. Calls a Parliament Sept. 3d. his speech to them and designes 363 364. His designes in the West-Indies 365. His Mother dieth buried in state in Hen. 7th's Chappel 366. His Cabal with the French Cardinal 369. His Conspiracy with the King of Sweden and the Prince of Transilvania 373. Affronted by Coney a Merchant 374. Gives preferments and sends his son Henry to command in Ireland 358. His oppression of the Loyal party 378. His designe in setting up Major-Generals 378. To awe the Parliament new called 381. Treats with the Iews about a Toleration 379. Allows 200 l. towards Bishop Usher's Funeral 380. Excludes divers Members ibid. Congratulated by his Convention on Syndercomb's Plot 385. His designe is motioned to take the Title of a King 386. The danger makes him refuse it 390 Assists the French with 6000 men 391. Confirmed in his former Dignity of Protector 392. Signes several Acts 392. His speech to the Parliament containing Thanks for the Money-Acts 392. His Investiture and Inauguration in the Protectorship 394. Frighted at a Book 395. Sends Embassadors to mediate betwixt the Dane and Swede 397. Advanceth and prefers his Children 398. Swears his Privy-council ibid. Chooseth another House 399. The frame of his Government questioned by the Parliament 401. He dissolves them ibid His policy in discharging Sheriffs of their pences at Assizes 401. In fears and troubled condition 402. Falls sick his Family and himself vainly presumptuous of his recovery Dies 408. His Character ibid. Sixty thousand pound allotted for the expence of his Funerals from 411 to 413 Cromwel Bradshaw and Ireton digged up and hanged at Tybourn 432 Cromwel Henry tamely surrenders Ireland 423 Crosby betrays Kingsale Condemned 248 Cumberland Earlâ— 44 Cyrencester 42 D Danemark War declared against it 556 Daniel Col. John Articles 252 Davison c. kills a Souldier at St. James's 379 Daws Capt. his courage 560 Davis a Water-man betrays Lord Capel 220 Declaration of the King conecrning the Act of Vniformity 514 Declaration of Cromwel upon dissolution of Parliament 340 to 343. Of the Rump 420 Decimation of Cavaliers 378 Delinquents Capital and otherwise qualified 229 Democracy established in the City 231 Denbigh Earl killed 44 Dennington Castle Besieged and stoutly defended and yielded 98 Denial Self order 67 126 Denmark King 225. Dies 577 Deploration of the loss before Dublin the causes thereof 242 Derby Earl corresponds with the King 234. Discovered ibid. Ioyns with the King in Lancashire 295. Defeated at Wigan and flies to Worcester 296. Taken at Newport Sentenced by a Court-Marshal Beheaded at Bolton 302 303. Derby-house Committee formerly the Committee of Safety 166 De Ruyter sayls for New-found-land 540. Returned to Holland 541. Made Admiral ibid. De Ruyter and Tromp fall out 554. Presented by the Cornish Gentlemen 562 Desborough Col. and others summoned 549 Dean General slain 344 Devizes 46 Digby Lord honoured with the Order of the Garter at Paris 344 Dignities conferred by the King 455 Dillon Lord at Baggot-rath 242 Directory 125 126 Disorders and divisions the ruine of the Irish Army 251 Dives Sir Lewis escapes 220 Divisions among the Scots fomented by Cromwel 271 Dorrington Sir Francis 63 Dorislaus slain at the Hague 236 Downing Sir George 448. Sent into Holland 528 529. Presses for answer to the King's demands 582. Returns ibid. He is Committed ibid. Drogheda besieged and taken by Cromwel and a bloody Massacre there 244 Dublin besieged by the Marq. of Ormond 241. Siege raised and Besiegers routed 242 Duckenfield Lieutenant-Colonel stops the Speakers Coach 429 Dunbarton yielded 308 Dunslo pacification 10 Dundalk taken 23. Retaken 25 Dundee stormed by Gen. Monke 301 Dunferling Earl to London 10 Dumfreize Riot there 557 Dunkirk taken by the Spaniards 325. Siege 405. The Battle there ibid. A defeat given the Spaniard 406. Yielded and put into the English possession 407. Restored to the French 512 Dunotter-Castle yielded 313 Dury's religious Cabal in Germany 377 Dutch Embassadors to Oxford 57. Commerce and Fishing molested at Sea 308. War towards ibid. Send Embassadors to treat ibid. Embassadors extenuate and mediate the Rupture their Papers and our States answer thereunto 320 321. Fleet gives the English a go-by in the North-Seas and comes into the Downâ— 344. Engage with the English ibid. Defeated 345. Send to England in order to Peace ibid. Trade at a stand 346. Their Embassadors have Audience of the Protector 355. Peace and private Articles of it against the Prince of Orange 357. Magnificently treat the King 448. Surprised by the Turk 524. Complain by the English 525. House resolves therein ibid. King declares himself ibid. Bravado 528. Bourdeaux-fleet taken 529. A Dutch Libel 530. Dutch arrive in Guernsey 530. Their Smyrna-fleet encountered by Captain Allen 536. Reprisals granted against them 531. Dutch War declared ibid. Dutch Libel ibid. Dutch Embassie proves fruitless 531. Dutch Manufactures prohibited 532. Cashire the English Officers 533. Dutch Imbargo in France 534. Dutch ibid. Dutch Libel 535. Ill treated in Russia 536. Dutch lost in China 541. Make peace with the Dane 548. Dutch attempt Brunt-Island 560. Sheerness ibid. Come up the River 561. At Harwich ibid. At Wenbury in Devonshire 562. At Cowland in Cornwal ibid. Dutch lose several Towns 585. Dutch Mutinies 586. Dutch East-Indie-fleet escape the English 587. Dutch Magistrates changed Dutch make peace with the Bishop of Munster 600. Dutch take the Island of Normantier from the French ibid. E Earles of Pembroke and Holland sent with a Declaration of the fears of the Parliament to the King 31. Answered ibid. Earls created 470 Earthquake in Cheshire 395 East-Indie ships Dutch taken 541 Edinburgh entred by Cromwel 275. Castle yielded 280 Elector Prince Palatine comes to London departs taken in France 10 Elections for a free Parliament 440 Elizabeth Princess dies 276 Emperor his Brother dies 146. Makes peace with the Turk 147. Offers to mediate 584. His Forces marched 597 Enfield-chace a Skirmish there 423 Engagement annulled 439 England and the Dominions made a free State by Act 235 English under Lord Marquiss Ormond and Inchiqueen disbanded and dismist by the Irish 252 Eniskillon delivered to Sir Charles Coot 250 Episcopacy re-established here 456. And in Scotland 503 Escapes of divers Cavaliers 227 Escurial burnt 583 Essex Earl Lieutenant-General of Foot against the Scots 9. General
to them The King is assisted by the Yorkshire Gentry The Lâ—â—doâ—â—rs affect the Parliament The King writes to the Lord Mayor Court of Aldermen they pâ—rsist the King sends out his Commissions of Array And publisheth a General Declaration inviting all his loving Subjects to assist him Promiseth 8 l. per cent and his Lands Parks and Houses for security Proclaims the Legality of his Commissions of Array The Parliament justifie their proceedings Sir Ben. Rudyard and other Members of Parliament earnest for an accommodation Mr. Hambden Mr. Pym and Isaac Penington Lord M. of London as violent for a war The Militia set on foot The â—â—â—â—iament borâ—â—w money oâ—â—he publick Faith The King 〈…〉 for 〈◊〉 peace Several fâ—â—tious rumours raised against the Kings friends The London Miniâ—ters and Citizens too violent for the Faction The King at Newark he sends to the Lord Willoughby of Parham to defill from aiding the Rebellion and returns to York The King causeth the Earl of Stamford to be proclaimed Traytor Sir John Lucas proclaimed Traytor by the Parliament and committed James Lord Strange Impeaâ—hed of High Treason by the Parliament Sir John Byron worsted by the Parliament-Forces and declared Rebel He marcheth to Worcester and takâ—s it for the King The Marquess of Hertford L. G. of the West for the King The King attempts Hull with 〈◊〉 and sâ—ts 〈◊〉 Standard at Nottingham The Earl of Lindsey General for the King The Earl of Essex Captain-G for the Parliament The Earl of Bedford G. of their Hâ—râ—e Essex departs from London in state The King in Stafford-shire and Leicestershire His Oration to the Gentry Freeholders and Inhabitants Wherein he promiseth to have a tender respect to his Subjects Choosing rather to melt downe his own plate Sell or Morgage his Land than to oppress them The King at Shrewsbury with 6000 fâ—ot 3000 hoâ—â— and â—â—ar 2000 Dragooners He marcheth 〈◊〉 oâ— Coventry The Londoners 〈…〉 Câ—l Ven governs Windsor Castle for the Parliament where Barksted commands 〈◊〉 The Parliament 〈…〉 of the Counties Fortsmouth and Southsea Castle taken for the Parliament by Sir John Merrick Goring goes to France A smart skirmiâ—h near Worcester Major Douglass kill'd Worcester Garrisoâ—'d for the Parliament by the Earl of Essex The King coins his plate into money Edge-hill fight Prince Rupert commands the right Wâ—â—g of the Horse The Lord Wilmot Commands the left â—ing The Earl of Lindsey General for the King The Earl of Essex General for the Parliament Their chief Commanders were Colonel Ramsey Sir William Balfour Sir Philip Stapleton and the Lord Fieldâ—ng Prince Rupert ovâ—rthrows Col. Ramsey Col. Essex kill'd Prince Rupert's mistake Col. Hambden comes to assist Essex Lord Wilmot worsted by Sir Wil. Balfour E. of Lindsey mortally wounded his Son the Lord Willoughby taken prisoner Sir Edmond Verney slain The Kings Standard taken and rescued by Sir John Smith whom the King therefore Knighted Both Armies divide The King retreats Earl of Essex marcheth to Warwick The Victory doubtful on either part Banbury Garrisoned by the King Solemn thanks given on both sides The Parliament reward the Earl of Essex with 5000 l. Slain on both sides neer 6000. On the Kings side the Lord Aubigney Col. Munro c. On the Parliaments the Lord St. John Lieu. Col. Ramsey Earl of Essex marcheth towards Coventry the King by Ayno to Banbury to Oxford and towards London Commissioners from the Parliament tender Propositions only to prevent the Kings intentions and to gain time for Essex to recruit a notable Skirmish at Branford where the King met with the Regiments of Col. Hollis Col. Hambden and the Lord Brooks 300 Parliamentarians slayn among whom Lieu. Col. Quarles as many taken prisoners The King at Oxford Sir William Waller takes Winchester Chichester delivered to the Parliament Marlborough to the King Lord Hopton Arms against the Earl of Stamford his Regiment put to the Sword by Prince Rupert at Cyrencester Glocester summoned Litchfield-Close Garrisoned by the K. Besieged by the Lord Brooke He is killed by a Musket-shot The Close delivered to the Parliament The Regiments of the Lord Wilmot Lord Grandison Lord Digby Sir William Penniman Col. Blague Col. Usher and Col. Grey take Marlborough with the Governour Col. Ramsey Tadcaster besieged by the Earl of New-Castle taken and Garrison'd by the King Lord Fairfax stormeth Leeds The Royalists defeated Belvoir-castle surprized for the King Col. Massey active in Glocester-shire Salisbury plundered by the Faction Yarum fight Sir Gilb. Gerrard puts Hambden to flight Queen landing at Burlington-Key is in imminent danger But escaping is conducted to York and from thence to the King at Edge-Hill Reading besieged by the Earl of Essex The Governour Sir Arthur Aston wounded Col. Fielding yields the Town to the Parliament Marq. of Newcastle defeated at Wakefield by Sir Thomas Fairfax Monmouth and Hereford taken by Sir Wil. Waller for the Parliament Ferdinando Lord Fairfax and his son Tho. Fairfax with others proclaimed Traytors by the Earl of Cumberland and the Earl of Newcastle The two aforesaid Earlâ— proclaimed Traytors by the Parliamâ—nt The King mâ—re prosperous in the West Liskard fight January 19. Sir Ralph Hopton chief Commander for the King at Liskard He orders publike Prayers at the head of each Squadron The Royalists get the day and come to Liskard Salt Ash assaulted by Hopton Litchfield besieged aâ—d â—ummonâ—d iâ— the Eaâ—l of Northampton March 19. Tâ—e 〈…〉 by Brereton and Gell Hopton-Heath Fight Tâ—e Earl of Northampton state â—itchfield 〈◊〉 to Prince Rupert Grantham taken for the K. by Colonel Cavendish Marlborough for the Parliament Prince â—upert at Brimingham A slight skirmish The Earl of Denbigh slain Scarborough delivered by Capt. Brown Bushel for which he was beheaded Fairfax dâ—feated at Bramham-Moor The Parliaments Cause endangered the Scots invited to their assistance Queen proclaimed Traytoâ— Cheapside-Cross and other Crosses demolished The Regalia seized at Westminster by Mr. H. Martin Covâ—nant taken by the Parliament the Londoners and all within the Parliaments command Essex advanceth from Reading to Tame Prince Rupert falls upon their quarters Chalgrave fight Hambden mortally wounded Id. Littleton â—lies with the Great Seal to Oxford a new one voted Sir R. Hopton marcheth into Devon-shire against the E. oâ— Samford and Ma. Gâ—â— Chudleigh Stratton fight The Kings party worsted Ma. G. Chudleigh taken by Sir John Berkley and the fortune of the day restored Hopton then created Baron Hopton of Stratton Col. Thomas Essex and Col. Nat. Fiennes Governours of Bristol Yeomans and Bourcher executed Earl of Northampton defeats Coloâ—â—l John Fiennes Wardour Castle taken for thâ— Parliament and a whâ—le after retaken by Sir Francis Dorrington Sir William Waller Garrisons Taunton and Bridg-Water for the Parliament Hopton joyns with Prince Maurice aâ—d Marq. of Hartford Landsdown fight Sir Bevil Greenvil and Sir Nicholas Slanning advance towards Sir William Waller Thâ—y are disordered Maâ—or Lowre and Sir Bevil Greenvil slain Lord Hopton hurt Divers others slain Lord Hopton
surrounded by Waller Round-way Down fight Lord Hopton reâ—â—â—ed by Pr. Maurice Earl of Carnarvan Lord Wilmot and Lord Biron They roâ—t Waller and Hazlerig who fled to Bristol thence to Farnham and so to London The King and Queen at Oxford The young E. of Lindsey at Oxford Bristol delivered to Prince Rupert Dorchester Portland Weymouth and Melcomb submit Bidiford Appleford and Barnstable surrendred Exeter delivered to Prince Maurice Sir John Berkly Governour thereof Adderton-Heath fight Fairfax routed Bradford taken Hallifax quitted Sir H. Cholmley takes Beverley Lady Aubigney brings a Commission of Array to London The designe discovered Mr. Edward Waller fined 10000 pounds Some Lords others suspected Tompkins Chaloner executed Iudge Berkley fined voted incapable of any publike trust and a Prisoner during pleasure The King resolves to gain Glocester The Kings Gratious Summons to the said City Their equivocal Answer Col. Massey the Governour fired the Suburbs and forceth Prince Rupert to retreat The King undermines Glocester The Parliament raise the Trained Bands Waller constituted Major-Gen of Kent Essex Surrey and Hamp-shire Essex Renâ—â—vouzed on Hounsloe-heath lodged at Colebrook P. Rupert with a party of Horse iâ—deavours to impede his march Tâ—e fight in Stow of the Would Gen. Essex at Presbury-hills the siege of Glocester deserted Gen. Essex at Cheltenham Solemn thanks for the dâ—livery of Glocester bâ—th there and at London The King neer Wilt-shire Essex reâ—â—â—ves Tewskbury Glocester 〈…〉 Sir N. Crisp and Col. Spencer and takes Cyreâ—cester Auborn-chase fâ—â—t The Parliamentarians worsâ—ed Marq. De Vieu ville slain Essex marcheth from Hungerford to Newberry Newberry fight Col. Barcley and Col. Holborn charge P. Rupert E. of Carnarvan slain Prince Rupert worsted The Kings Infantry led by Lord Ruthen Earl of Brentford Major-General Skippon principal Commander of the Foot under Essex Both Armies divided by the night Col. Tucker on the Parl. side slain On the K. side the E. of Sunderland and Lord Viscount Faulkland Essex at â—eading 〈…〉 A dâ—â—l between Sir Nicholas Crispe and Sir James Enyon Sir James Enyon kill'd Sir Nicholas Crispe â—ryeâ— by a Council of War and acquitted He kisseth the Kingshand and is pardoned Doctor Featley committed to prison for opposing the Covenant He is received at London in Triumph The King at Oxford The K. committeth Ma. Hamilton to Pendennis Castle A Cessation for a year in Ireland Col. Monk surprized at Nantwich and imprisoned in the Tower of London Mar. of Newcastle sends Forces to the Queen divers places submit to them Hallifax quitted by Fairfax Manchester sent against the Royalists Lyn yeilds to him He Marcheth to assist the L. Willoughby of Parham L. Willohgby surprizeth the Earl of Kingston Col. Cavendish slain Horn-castle fight The E. of Newcastle â—orsted Sir Ingram Hopton and Sir George Bowls slain Manchester besiegeth Lincoln Lincoln City and Minster stormed and taken Sir Iohn Meldrum possesseth Gainsborough Ld. Willoughby possesseth Bullingbrook Castle The King sends Sir Lewis Dives into the Associated Counties He takes Sir Iohn Norris Affrights Hartford-shire and Bedfordshire and returns Sir Lewis Dives Sir Rob. Heath Iustice Forster Sir John Banks and Serjeant Glanvile voted Traytors The Kentish Insurrection in behalf of the K. Lord Hopton marcheth into Kent Essex and Waller recruited Col. Fiennes condemned for Cowardize Essex possesseth it Newport-pagnal abandoned Walter apprinted to attend Hopton Isle of Jersey delivered to Sir John Pennington The French Ambassador splendidly received at Oxford Sir John Hothams revolt and seizure He and his Son sent Prisoners to the Tower Mr. Pym dyes A new great Seal The King declares it treason sends a Messenger to adjourn the Term He is condemned for a spy and hanged The Parliament at Oxford The Scots enter England Divers places surrendred on both sides Prince Rupert relieves Newark and overcomes Sir John Meldrum Brandon or Cheriton-down fight between Sir Wil. Waller and the Lord Hopton March 29. The Kings party worsted Lord Hopton draws off to Winchester from thence to Oxford John L. Stuart Sir John Smith Col. Sandys Col. Scot and Col. Manning slain The Dutch Ambassador at Oxford Sir Charles Blunt slain Essex and Waller joyn Queen goes to Exeter Abbington plundered and Garrison'd Col. Brown Governor thereof The K. marcheth to Worcester The Parl. divide their Forces Waller sent a King-catching and Essex into the West Prince Rupert sent to York Corpredy fight Waller sets upon the K. is gallantry received by the Earls of Cleaveland Northampton and put to flight The Princess Henrietta born at Exeter the Queen goes to France The E. of Essex defeated at Lestithiel Marq. of Newcastle Besieged in York by the E. of Manchester Lord Fairfax and Lesly Prince Rupert raiseth the Siege of Latham house takes divers places The Siege of York raâ—â—d Marston-Moor fight Prince Rupert commands the Main Battel Marq. of Newcastle one Wing General Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Major-General Porter several parties The Parliaments Horse Scotch Cavalry routed The Victory dubious in other parts where the E. of Manchesters Horse engaged Cromwel his Lieut. Gen. a most indefatigable Souldier Sir Tho. Barker Sir John Pettus Capt. Allen c. imprisoned An account of Oliver Cromwels life Born of an ancient Family at Huntington Married to Elizabeth the Niece of Sir Rob. Steward who settled on him an Estate after he had consumed his Patrimony and intended for New-England Sir Robert Steward declares O. C. his Heir Cromwel gets into favour with the Faction they procure him to wife Elizabeth the Daughter of Sir James Bòwcher and choose him Burgess for Cambridge The Marq. of Newcastle defeated His Lambs excellent Souldiers They are overpowred and destroyed P. Rupert fled to Thursk c. The Parl. Generals march to the Siege at York from whence they rose to fight The loss of men so great on both sides that the Inhabitants were poysoned with the smell of the Dead bodies Marq. Newcastle L. Widrington Gen. King Sir Wil. Vavasor and others pass over to Hamburgh Slain on the K. side the L. Cary and Sir Tho. Metham On the Parl. side the Lord Diddup York yielded by Sir Thomas Glenham The Parliament raise new Lâ—vies A strange Tax laid upon London Easingâ—house besieged by Sir Wil. Waller And relieved by Col. Gage and Col. Sir G. Buncley The besiegers at Last depart The siege of Dennington-Castle The summons by Col. Middleton The Answer from Sir John Boys the Governour The besiegers assault the Castle come off with loss and depart They are met by Sir Francis Dorrington Sir W. Courtney and worsted They afterwards rout a party of the K. Horse neer Sherburn Dennington-castle again Summoned by Col. Horton Manchester comes to his assistance They batter the Castle but in vain they depart The defacing of Churches in City and Country Sir R. Harloe a forward zealot The King sends a Message for peace An Association of Club-men Banbury Siege raised The Earl of Northampton and Col. Gage the Governour of
Oxford relieve Banbury The Siege raised Col. Myn sâ—ain iâ— Glocestershâ—re and the Royalists worsted by Masâ—ey Who bestowed an honoâ—rable burial on the saiâ— Câ—lonâ—l Princâ— Rupert at the Severn where hapnâ—d daily Skirâ—â—â—hes He is worsted by Massey Monmouth bâ—â—â—aâ—â—d to Massey by Lieutenant-Coâ— Kirle Col Holtby Goverâ—our thereof escapes Massey active and vigilant Newberry second fight Octob. 27. Manchester's forces over-powered the Kings but are repâ—lied by Sir Bernard Astley The Duke of Yorks Regiment led by Sir Wil. St Leger and Pr. Maurices Brigade repulsed Essex his Horse too hard for the Kings over-powred Sir Humphry Bennet and Major Leg but are repulsed by the Lord Bernard Stuart Goring and Cleaveland worsted Earle of Cleaveland taken Prisoner and the Kings person in danger Earl of Manchester ingaged with Lord Ashley and Sir George Lisle they are worsted but relieved by Sir John Brown The King marcheth to Wallingford and so to Oxford Slain of note on the Kings side Sir William St. Leger Essex had the Field Col. Boys secured the Kings Artillery The King relieves Dennington-castle The Parliament suspect the Earl of Essex Manchester and Cromwel disser The Parliament resolve to new model their Army They Order that no Member shall bear command in either Military or Civil affairs The Ordinance for the new modeling the Army Decemb. 31. Sir Thomas Fairfax made General The stots advance Southward The first Address contrived by Oliver Cromwel The Scots tâ—â—â— Newcastle Plunder it Soâ—â—m thanks at London for their success Sir Alexander Carew beheaâ—ed fâ—â— endâ—avouring to betray Plymouth-Fort to the King Sir John Hotham and his son executed Jan. 1 2. for endeavouring to betray Hull and holding correspondence with the Marquess of Newcastle Hugh Peters accompanieth them at their deaths The Kings observations of them in his Meâ—itations The Assembly of Divines consult about Church-Government The Covenaâ—t prest to be universally takâ—â— The Commâ—n-Prayer abolished Sir David Hawkins a zealous stickler for the Parliament Archbishop of Canterbury bâ—headâ—d Vide Speechâ—s Buried at Alhallows Barking London Sir Henry Gage Câ—l for the King shot neer Abingdon Uxbridge Trâ—aty Jan. 3. Commissioners for the King at the Treaty at Uxbridge Commissioners for the Parliament Scotch Commissioners The main things to be treated of were Religon Militia and Ireland The King refuseth to alter Religion by Bishops but would admit of some amendments in the Liturgie He is willing some Garrisons should be in the Parliaments hands pro tempore but will not abrogate the Cessation in Ireland Mr. Love a strange Incendiary The Treaty ended in vain The Lord Macguire and Col. Mac Mahon hanged drawn and quartered Shrewsbury taken by Major-General Mitton for the Parliament He hath the thanks of the House The Parliament takes Scarborough and Weymouth they raise Plymouth Siege Ponfract castle relieved by Sir Marmaduke Langdale he routs the Parl. Forces under Col. Rossiter Essex Manchester and Denbigh resigne their Commissions A notable success at the Devises under Sir Jacob Ashley A Faction at Oxford the Lords Savil Percy and Andover confined The Parliament Adjourned The Parliament's new Generals Commission The Actions of the Renowned Marquess of Montross He arrives in the Highlands of Scotland He fights the Covenanters and obtains a great Victory at Tepper-Moor Hâ— makes great spoils in Argyles Country Who with the E. of Seaforth maâ—ch against him with two several Armies He routs Argyle defeats Col. Hurry at Brechin afterwards at Alderne and obtains a remarkable Victory at Alesford hills Lord Gourdons death Marquess of Montross affrights the Parliament at St. Johnstons His famous Victory at Kilsith David Lesley routed The Nâ—bility Gentry assist him The King orders Montross to disband Colonel Massey defeated at Lidbury by Prince Rupert He is forced to flye and narrowly escapes Sir Thomas Fairfax takes command of the Army Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice raise Horse in Worcester-shire Cromwel sent to intercept the Kings Forces routs them The Queens Standard taken He summons Blechington house the Governour Col. Windebank delivers it And was therefore shot to death Cromwel takes Sir William Vaughan at Radcot bridge Goring gives Cromwel his first brush The new modeled Army march to Blandford in Dorset-shire take Lieutenant-Col Hacket The King leaving Oxford takes the field Fairfax recalled from the West but leaves part of his Army there Oxford besieged the second time A cruel custome at Abingdon Borstal house besieged Gaunt house surrendred Chester distressed Relieved by the King Goring Hopton and Greenvile joyn and besiege Taunton Leicester Stormed and taken by Prince Rupert May 21. He takes Sir Robert Pye the Town is plundered The Parliament almost driven to despair The King and Royalists too confident of Success Sir Thomas Fairfax ordered to give the King-Battel York-shire a long time harrased by the Scots The unresolved which way to bend his Forces The Parliament order Fairfax to put their differences to the decision of a Battel They march to Marsh-Gibeon Major-General Brown Garisons Gaunt house The King at Daventry and Northampton Cromwel sent for by the Parliament to command their Horse The Kings Foot and Carriages quartered upon Burrough-hill The Parliaments Army at Gilsborough The Kings Army march to Pomfret Ireton with a strong party of Horse sent to fall upon his Flank The Kings Head-quarters at Naseby Alarm'd by Ireton he goes to Harborough and unhappily resolves to fight Naseby fight The Parliament forces Rendezvouz neer Naseby they discover the Kings Horse neer Harborough The King misinformed Cromwel commands the right Wing of the Parl. horse Ireton the left The Gen. and Skippon the main battel of Foot Whaley routs Langdale who commanded part of the Kings left Wing Prince Rupert routs the Parliaments left Wing Ireton taken Prisoner and the fortune of the day changing is released The Kings Foot over-powered by the Parliaments Horse His Cavalry in great distress Okey's Dragoons do notable Execution on the Kings Horse The Calamities of this day The Parliament take many of the Kings Officers and his Standard â— with his Cabinet of Letters which they unworthily publish The advantage equal to both parties The Lord Bard. did excellent service for the King Fiennes sâ—nt to London with the Prisoners The Parliaments Forces pursut the Kings The King at Ashby de la zouch He goes into Wales Sir Marmaduke Langdale flies to Newark Taunton distrest by the Lord Goring Leicester retaken Lord Hastings Governour thereof The Kings Souldiers march out with Staves in their hands The Parliaments Army march towards Marlborough The Club men rise They Petition the King and Parliament Taunton freed Iuly 7. And Goring after his defeating the besieged departed His Army quartered at Long-Sutton they march to Langport Massey resolutely attempis their Rear but with loss Langport fight General Fairfax routs the Lord Goring Langport fired General Fairfax at Bridgewater Sir Richard Greenvile and Sir John Berkley joyn with the Lord Goring Bridgewater taken July 23. by the Parliament The Parliaments forlorn
led by Hewson a daring Souldier The town fired Colonel Okey takes Burrough Garrison for the Parliament The Clubmen dispersed They were Ten thousand in a Body The Motto of one of their Colours Sherburn Castle besieged and Bath taken Sir Lewes Dives the Governour of Sherburn Castle maks a notaâ—â—â— defence The General Summons the Castle and offers the Ladies and women their liberty to depart The Castle again Summoned The Governours resolute answer Sherburn Castle taken August 15. Sir Lewis Dives imprisoned in the Tower he escapes to Ireland Nunny Castle taken by Colonel Rainsborough for the Parliament Ireton sent towards Bristol Several Salleys with different success Sir Bernard Ashley mortally wounded Sir Thomas Fairfax's Summons to Prince Rupert Observe the strange guise of these words The Trumpeter detained a Cessation Prince Rupertâ— Answer Sir Thomas Fairfax's reply Bristol Stormed Sept. 10. and afterwards delivered upon Articles Sir Richard Crane slain The Royalists march to Oxford The Gen. waits on Prince Rupert two miles out of Bristol The Plague at Bristol Sir Tho. Fairfax removes to Bath Sir Hugh Cholmley delivers Scarborough to Sir Matthew Boynton for the Parliament July 25. Raby Skipton Sandal and Pomfret-Castles delito the Parl. Hereford besieged by the Scots They take Canon-Froom Sir Barnabas Scudamore Governour of Hereford The Siege raised The King in person encounters the Scots at Bewdley and worsâ—eth them defeats Sir John Gell and enters the Association and surpriseth Huntingdon and Cambridge St. Ives fined 500 pound by toe King The King at Oxford The Royalists began to come in upon composition The King marcheth towards Wales comes to Ludlow designing to relieve Chester Routon heathfight Sept. 24. The Parliaments Forces under General Poyntz beaten but reserves coming in the King is worsted The King quits Chester and goes into Wales Eikon Basil. The King assists Montross with Horse Sherburn fight Octo. 25. in York shire The Royalists forced to fâ—â— by Colonel Copley and Colonel Lilburn Lord Digby routed at Carlisle Sands he flies into Ireland The King at Newark Octob. Lord Bellasis Governour thereof Lord Digby charged with disloyalty by divers Lords the King his friend The King returns to Oxford Gen. Poyntz routs the Kings Câ—nvoy Belvoyr taken Sir Gervas Lucas Governour thereof Several Castles and Houses taken Berkley Castle Surrendred by Sir Charles Lucas Devises and Winchester Surrendred by the Lord Ogle Basing-house stormed and taken Doctor Griffiths Daughter slain Marquess of Winchester and the Governour sent Prisoners to London Basing-house demolished The plunder great and rich Langford-house Surrendâ—ed to Cromwel Tiverton taken by Fairfax Major Sadler executed Sir Gilbert Talbot taken Prisoner Transactions in the West betwixt the Armies The siege of Exeter by the Lord Fairfax Prince Rupert endeavours accommodation with Fairfax General Goring goes into France Lord Wentworth commands his Troops A skirmish at Corf Castle between the Kings Horse and the Parliaments the Kings Horse worsted Fairfax at Dartmouth Plymouth siege dâ—serted Lord Wentworth worsted by Cromwel Darmouth stormed and taken Sir Hugh Pollard Governour Sir Henry Cary hath conditions to march the Governour and the Earl of Newport have quarter given Torrington fight it is taken by the Parliament 80 baâ—rels of Powder fired in a Church the guard killed the Army and Town endangered Lord Hopton and Lord Capel wounded Lord Hoptons Commission taken Lord Hopton a valiant and discreet Souldier Shelford house stormed and taken by Maj. Gen. Poyntz Col. Stanhop the Governour thereof killed and the house demolished The Countess of Derby surrenders Larham house A neat Stratagem Bolton Castle and Beeston Castle delivered Hereford taken by surprisâ— December 18. Lord Brudenel fourteen Knights and Iudge Jenkins taken Prisoners Westchester taken Sir William Brereton Commander for the Parliament Lord Byron surrenders Chester The Court of Wards Voted down The Kings Forces under Sir Jacob Ashley defeated at Stow in the Would March 12. Sir Jacob Ashley taken Prisoner Lord Hopton disbands Sir James Smith falls on a party of Parliamentarians with success The Prince and Lord Culpeper set sail for Scilly Lord Hopton complemented by the Parliament General The Parliament Army beat up the Princes quarters neer St. Columbe Major-General Perr a gallant-Commander mortally wounded A Treaty concluded on at Tresilian bridge a Cessation agreed on Nine Brigades disbanded The Conditions of their disbanding Thâ—â— take shipping at Plymouth Lord Hopton and Wentworth sail into Scilly Abingdon attempted by Sir Stephen Hawkins Ashby deâ—la-zouch surrendred to the Parliament by the Lord Loughborough Dennington Castle surrendred Mar. 25. 1646. to the Parliament and demolished Ruthen Castle delivered to the Parliament by Sir William Vaughan April 8. Corf Castle taâ—â—â— Exeter City delivered Apr. 3. to the Lord Fairfax by the Governour Sir John Berkley by a Treaty between Commissioners on both sides The Conditions Sir John Stawel included in the Articles The General marcheth to Tiverton and towards Oxford * Anglia Rediviva Woodstock surrendred April 26 to Colonel Rainsborough for the Parliament The King leaves Oxford April 27. Tâ—e King disguised comâ—s to the Scotch Army May 4. The King reiterated Messages for peace the first Dec. 5. The Parliaments answer Message of the 15 of December 1645. Message of the 15 of Decem. for a Personal Treaty Another to the same purpose Decemb 29. Royalists expeled the Lines of Communication The Parliaments Answer January 14. The King replies Jan. 15. The Kings Message and Answer of the 17 of January to that of the 13. His Majesties Messageâ— of the 24th of Jan. The King commands a general weekly Fast in Oxford The Earl of Glamorgan 〈◊〉 by the Lord Digby and for a while 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Maâ—esties 〈◊〉 Jan. 29. The Parliament publish an Ordinance for the Scizure of the King and his Adherents They pretend to invite the Prince by Commissioners The Prince departing for France Barnstable surrendred April 7 th Ruthen Castle St. Michaels Mount and Dunster Castle Surrendred Arch-Bishop of York declares for the Parliament Dudly Castle surrendred Sir Thomas Fairfax câ—mâ—s before Oxford he summons a Council of War raiseth a great Fort neer the Town Sir Thomas Glemham Govâ—râ—â—â—r of Oxford Carlile â—ieâ—led to the Scâ—ts July 1â— 1645 by Sir Thomas Glemham Divisions at Court among the Nobles at Oxford Oxford delivered June 23. The Governour marcheth to Tame Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice depart to Oatlands Duke of York and many persons of great Quality depart from Oxford Duke of York conveyed to St. Iames's sooâ— after into Holland the Princess Henrietta to France a while before Faringdon included in the Oxford Articles 〈◊〉 Parliament-Forces under Col. Poyntz and Col. Rossiter besiege Newark General Leven with his Scots draws of from Newark the Town Summoned Lord Bellasis the Governour commanded by the King to surrender May 4 a Treaty entred into and Newark yeilded The Parliament-Forces under Col. Whaley besiege Banbury * Anglia Rediviva Sir William Compton the Governour yields on honourable Terms May 8.
to attend him Cromwel the chief conspirator in seizing the King Cromwel sets up the Levellers They designe to lay all things in common Sir Thomas Fairfax his Leter to the Parliament The Kings Message concerning it The perplexed thoughts of the Parliament and City about it The Duke of Richmond Dr. Sheldon and Dr. Hammond suffered to have access to the King The Army declare The Parliament demur to the suspending of their Members They forbeare sitting of themselves The Army quote thâ— Cases of the Earl of Strafford Archâ—B of Canterbury and Ld. Keeper Finch The King and Parliament over-awâ—d by Cromwel his remarkable expression His Majesties Meditation on the designes of the several factions His Majesty desires his Childrens company Sir Thomas Fairfax his Letter to the Parliament concerning the Kings desire of seeing his Children A Letter from the King to the Duke of York inclosed The King enjoy his Children company two days His Nephew the Prince Elector Palatine visits him The Armies designe upon the City of London The Citizens Petition the Lord Mayor in behalf of the King and the Army The solemn â—nâ—agement of the City A Declaration of the Lords and Commons forbidding subscriptions to the Engagement The rashness and precipetancy of the City The Preâ—tices and Râ—â—â—le Tumult the Parliament-House The Parl. 〈…〉 Speakâ—rs The former Speaker to the Commons mâ—naced by Cromwel Both the old Speakers go to the Army The Lord Grey of Wark châ—â—en Speaker to the Lords Mr. Hen. Pelham Speaker for the Commons The Parl. Vote the re-admission of the 11 Membeâ—s The Committee of Safety set up Tumults in London about listing of Forces The Army approach within 10 miles of London The Kings Declaration clearing himself of any designâ— of war He as a Neuter attends the Issue of Divine Providence 〈◊〉 Fugitive Members sit in Council with the Army The Armies Declaration Fairfax sends warrants for the Trained-Bands to march against the City The City submits on dishonourable Conditions The Fugitive Members reseated Aug. 6. and the former Speakers placed by the General The Parl. appoint a day of Thanksgiving for their reâ—settlement The Army feasâ—ed by the City Sir Thomas Fairfax made Generalissimo and Constable of the Tower The Souldiers ordered a months gratuity The 11 imâ—eachâ—d Membâ—rs withâ—raâ— One of them viz. Mr. Nichols sâ—ized on by Cromwel and abâ—â—ed Sir Philip Stapleton passeth over to Calice and dyes miserablâ— All Votes Ordâ—â—s anâ— Oâ—â—inances passed in the 〈◊〉 of the Speakers aâ—togateâ— The Sollicitour-General St. John Hazelrigg Sir Hen. Vane Junior Tho. Scot Cornelius Holland Prideaux Gourdon Sir John Evelin â—unior and Henry Mildway all Regicides and busie contrivers of the Armies designes The Ordinance of Null and Void passed August 20. 〈…〉 Citizens of London impeacheâ— and comâ—â—â—tâ—d The impeachment 〈◊〉 by Sir John Evelin junior and Miles Corbet Poyntz and Massey 〈◊〉 to Holland The King brought to Hampton Court Commissioners sent to him from the Parliament with Propositions The Preface thereunto His Majesties Answer to them Sept. 9. Those Propâ—siâ—tiâ—â—s 〈…〉 with 〈…〉 a Newcastle His Majesty 〈◊〉 the Army Proposaâ— Cromwel iâ—gâ—glâ—s with his Majesty A abstract of the Armies Proposals Money enough be sure this they intended for a Law no doubt and might have been put first the other being meerly subâ—â—rvient to it They indulge the King in not abrogating the Common-Prayer and claw with the Papist Life to the Royalist and death to the Presbyter The rarest Article in the Pack Divers pretences in favour of the Cavaliers Cromwel designes to please all Parties by Proposing to regulate the Law and Assesstments Asserting the peopleâ— rights in Peâ—â—â—ioning agâ—â—â—st Forrest-Lands Excise Monopolies c. Cromwel and other Grandees of the Army frequently with the King Cromwel hasfleth with the King and is discovered The King still kept at Hampton Court with the publike use of Common-prayer in great State his friends and Chaplains about him The Faction and Cromwel suspect and fear â—he Kings neerness to London Colonel Whaley pretends to the King that the Adjutators designe to Murther him They fright the King from Hampton Court who by the advice of Sir John Berkley and Mr. John Ashburnham escapes to the Isle of Wight Colonel Hammond Governour thereof 〈…〉 Dowagers of South-hampton Nov. 11. The King is misled Whaley takes â—he Kings â—apers left behind him in his Chamber The First directed to the Lord Mountague The second to Colonel Whaley His Majesties Message left behinde Him at Hampton-Court to both Houses of Parliament The King seized by Col. Hamond in the Isle of Wight and conveyed to Carlsbrook Castle Nove. 14. The Parl. make it High Treason for any to conceal the King They command Col. Hamond to send the Kings attendants up to London he refuseth The King pleads in their behalf The Parliament vote that no Cavalier or Papists be admitted into the Island The Gen. hath the command of his person The King allowed 5000 l. for the â—xpences of his Court. The Kings Message to the Parliament from his inprisonment in Carisbrook-Castle He professeth as he is a Christian and a King to defend the Government of the Church by Arch-bishops Bishops c. Their Order being placed in the Church by the Apostles And he and His Predecessors having Sworn to maintain it Bâ—t agrees that their Power may be so limited as not to be grievous to tender Consciences The King consâ—nts that the power of the Militia both by Land and Sea shall be ordered by the Parliament during his Raign He promiseth to pay the Army their Arrears Consenteth that the great Offices of State and naming of Privy Counsellors shall be in the Power of the two Houses during his raign He 〈…〉 at London with 〈…〉 Several scurrilous Pamphlets published to defame His Majesty Especially Needham's â—atitulâ—d a Hue and Cry after the King Iudge Jenkins sloutly vindicates the King's Cause and Party Iudge Jenkins imprisoned and enlarged at the Restauration of King Charles the second The burden of Free-quarter Cromwel and his supernumeraries the cause thereof Vast sums of money raised for the Souldiery Debentures sold. The Excise an excessive Tax and carefully upheld Several refuse to pay it and tumults happen The Butchers at Smithfield-bars London fire the Excise-house several of them tryed but acqitted White a Leveller Executed at Ware And Thompson condemned by a Council of War The Parliament constrained to humour a Treaty Four Bills tendred to the King at the Isle of Wight before the Treaty should begin Their Proposals to the King The Scotch Commissioners declare their dissent from the Proposals and Bills His Majesties Answer to the Bills c. His Majesty again presseth for a personal Treaty Sir Thomas Wroth flies high and inveighs against the King in the House of Commons * The History of Indâ—pendency p. 70. He is seconded by Commisary Ireton And both of them backed by Cromwel Who laid his Hand upon his Sword not long before baffled by Sir Philip
after the fight General Monk chiefly concâ—â—â—'d in the honour of this field The Highlanders sold for Slaves A union of parties endeavoured by the Scots The Parliament at Westminster appoint a Thanksgiving day Cromwel marcheth for Sterling Sep. 14. Liberty of Conscience Enacted in England The Sectaries raise an Army Col. Harrison made Maj. Gen. The Duke of Yoak at the Hague Prince Ruperts Fleet dispersed Nov. Princess Elizabeth dieth at Carisbroke Castle is buried in Newport Prince of Aurange died Octb. 27. Divisions among the Loyal parties in Ireland The Marq of Clanâ—ickards Forces â—eâ—eated by Col. Axtel Octob. 25. The Marq. of Ormoâ—â— and Lord Inchiqueen resolved to depart out of Ireland Nov. An Embassador from Portugal to the new States Dec. The Spanish Embassador likewise acknowledg'd them a Free-State Decem. An Insurrection in Norfolk Suppressed A High Court of Justice Erected at Norwich Mr. Cooper a Minister Maj. Saul and others Executed A memorable accident at Oxford Several Acts of Parliament Passed The Progress of Cromwel in Scotland The Trayterous Western Remonstrance of some Scots Ker defeated and taken Prisoner Edenburgh Castle yielded Dec. 24. The Articles for the Rendition of Edenburgh-Castle Col. Fenwick madâ— Goveâ—nour 〈◊〉 and of Leith for the Parliament The Scots boldly sollicitous with the King His Majesty withdraws to Gen. Middleton The manner of His Coronation January 1. The Lord-Chancellors Speech to the King His Majesties Answer He is accompanied by the Nobility to the Kirk of Scoone Mr. Robert Douglass preacheth before the King Prince of Aurange Christned Several of the King Friends preferred and intrusted Fife Castle attempted by the English Hume Castle taken Feb. 4 by Col. Fenwick for the Parliament The Governours Answer to the Summons Timtallon Castle yielded by Sir James Seaton to the Parliament of England General Ruthen Earl of Brentford and Forth deceaseth David Lesley General for the Scots A new Council of State March John Fry one of the Kings Iudges writts a Book against the Trinity he is Voted to leave the House and his Book to be burned A Dutch Envoy complains to the King of Sir Jo. Greenvile Governour of the Isle of Scilly and others The Prince of Aurange buried Feb. 21. Tho. Cook of Grays-Inne Esq. committed to the Tower Maj. General Harrison ordered to march into Lancashire Cornet Castle delivered by Col. Burgess to M. Harrison for the Parliament The Irish defeated at Finagh March 13. Sir Henry Hide Beheaded June 4 in London Câ—pt Brown Bushel Executed Mar. 29. The Lord Saint John and Strickland Embassadors to Holland They desire a firm League The States General shew no forwardness to this new friendship The Embassadors affronted by Prince Edward son to the Queen of Bohemia They complain to the States and have a Guard appointed them They depart for England June 20. Saint John 's Speech at his departure The Law and its Proceedings turned into English Apr. A new Welch Insurrection started Blackness Castle delivered to Cromwel The Loyal Nobility in Scotland restored to their Seats in Parliament The Kirk convâ—â—â—d at Glascow E. of Eglington surprized in his designe of raising Forces for the King Cromwel burneth the Lady Kilsithes house Maj. Sydenham slain and his party defeated Apr. 15 by the Lord Montgomery and Lord Cranston The Reduction of Scilly Island in May. St Maries Island surrendred June 2 by Sir John Greenvile to Gen. Blake and Sir Geo Ayscue Pr. Rupert and Pr. Maurice at Sea from Toulon An Agent from the D. of Florence to the Parliament of England Lord Howard committed to the Tower for Bribery Cromwel sick May. Part of a Letter from one of Cromwels Creatures An Act of Oblivion in Scotland The Royalists aâ—d Kirk-men good friends Earl of Calender Commander in chief of their new Levies The Presbyterian Ministers seized by the Council of State in order to their Tryal May. Mr. Love charged with High Treason Mr. Jackson fined 500 l. and committed to the Fleet for refusing to give Evidence against Mr. Love Mr. Love Sentenced July 5. Mr. Potter and Mr. Gibbons Sentenced July 25. Mr. Love and Mr. Gibbons Executed on Tower-hill An Act for abolishing the Marshals-Court in Southwark Another for the sale of Delinquents Lands Faulkner a perjured witness against the Lord Craven The Estates of the Royalists put to sale The Honours of the Royalists given by the King since Jan. 1641. abolished The Irish affairs June Lord Broghall defeats the Lord Muskerry Sir Charles Coot succesfull The Irish Council and Commanders in great straights Scots Leaguer in Tor-wood Cromwel stormeth Calendar house the defendants put to the Sword Newark house and two others taken Pr. Rupert takes a rich Spanish ship A fight in Fife between Sir John Brown and Maj. Gea Lambert July 20. The Scots worsted Sir John Brown taken and a while after dies Inchigarvey Castle and Brunt-Island delivered to the English St. Johnstons delivered to Cromwel The King marches for England July 21. The Parl. settle the Militia Royalists forbid to depart their Houses Correspondence with the King or his Party forbid The King at Carlisle Proclaimed there King of Great Britain He publisheth his Declaration Offereth an Act of Pardon to all but Cromwel Bradshaw and Cook Warrington fight Lambert and Harrison defeated by Massey The Earl of Derby joyus with the King in Lancashire The King summons Shrewsbury in vain The King comes to Worcester Aug. 22. The Parl. raise the Militia and London Regiments The King Summons the Country Wigon fight August 25. Lilburn defeats the Earl of Derby Slain on the Kings side Lord Widdrington Ma. Gen. Sir Tho. Tildesly Col. Mat. Boynton Sir Francis Gamul c. The Earl lâ—sing his George and Garter escapes Cromwel surrounds Worcester Au. 13. and possesseth Upton Bridge Worcester Fight The King defeated at Worcester Sep. 3. Worcester miserably plundered A Traytor hanged and his Widow bountifully rewarded Slain of the Kings side Duke Hamilton The Kings Standard his Coach and Horses and Collar of SS taken The King deliberates whither to fly The Lords leave him at Whiteladies The King in the wood Thursday morning Sep. 4. The King at Madely To Boscobel Col. Carlos directs the King to the Oak At Mosely with Mr. Whitgrave To Bently with Mrs. Jane Lane for Bristol The King met by the Lord Wilmot The dangerous Expression of a Farrier The King by Evesham At Cirencester to Mr. Nortons at Leigh The King and Lord Wilmot in danger of discovery at Chayermouth Adventures of the King At Heal at Mrs. Hides By Portsmouth to Brighthemstead Tetershal discovers the King Tetershal resolves to proceed in his voyage with the King King Embarques A notable passage Arrives at Rohan to Paris Most of the Scots taken Prisoners Cromwel and his Prisoners to London Sep. 12. The Prisoners sold. The Colours taken hanged up in Westminster hall Sterling castle surrendred Aug. 14 to Gen. Monke for the Parl. Dundee stormed Sep. 1 and taken by Gen. Monke the defendants put to
retire with great loss Makes peace Duke of Yorks Son Christened Parliament Proroguâ—d August The manner of the Translation of the Archbishop of Canterbury Kings Progress Scotch Parliament Bishop of London one of the Kings Council Iudge Jenkins dies Dutch surpriz'd by the Turk Pope and K. of France differ They come to an Agreement The Turks Bâ—siege New-hausel New-hausel surrender'd Count Serini beats the Turks at the River Mur. The Portugals take Ginaldo in Galicia and totally rout the Spaniards The Protestants of Piedmont defeat the Forces of the Duke of Savoy Traytors executed Disorders at Newbury Sir Thomas Doleman seiseth upon the chief sticklers Jews expell'd Tangier Sir Richard Fanshaw Embassador in Spain English Complaints against the Dutch Resolves of the Houses therein The King declares himself Sir John Lawson with a Fleet for the Streights Buchanans Bank burned in Scotland A Proclamation agâ—inâ—t Contributions c. 〈…〉 rous Tartar Barbado's â—eâ—â—ir Sir John Lawson proclaims War against Argier A Memorandum deliver'd the States Parâ—iaâ—â—â—t Proâ—ogâ—ed The King sends to the City for Mony Granted Earl of Teviot kill'd Turks defeated Turks a second time defeated Lawson callâ—d home Capt. Allen in his room Embassadors sent abroad Sir G. Downing sent into Holland Naval preparations A second Loan by the City Dutch Bravado Prince Rupert at Sâ—a The D. of York set forth to Sea Opdam dares not adventure out The Dutch lay up their Fleet. Dutch Burdeaux-Fleet taken Duke of York returns to London Earl of Sandwich keeps the Sea Royal Katherine and Royal Oak Launched The States disappointed by the English Dutch Scandalous Libel Dutch Desâ—gnes The Condition 〈◊〉 the Dutch with other Kingdoms De Ruyter Sayls for Guiny Smyrna Fleet Encountr'd by Cap. Allen. Sir Tho. Modeford Arrives at Iamaica Act for the Royal Ayd Parliament Prorogu'd Seamen Encourag'd Reprisals granted against the Dutch Feb. 1664 5 Declaration of War against the Dutch Another Dutch Libel Dutch Embassies prove frâ—â—â—less Earl of Morpeth affronted by the Hollander Major Holms committed Dischargâ—d Forein Ministers complain in Holland Capt. Allen returns Dutch Manufactures prohibited Peace with Gayland Sir C Cotterel sent to Bruxels English Fleet ready to set sail Duke of York goes aboard English Fleet upon the Dutch Coast. English Officers cashier'd in Holland Cessation of Arms between the Turk and Emperor Grand Seignior leaves Constantinople Sireni kill'd The French at Gigery Portugals Victory Sedition in Avignon Lisle killâ—d April 1655. English Fleet at Sea French Embassador expostulates with the Dutch Embargo in France upon the Dutch Embargo in Holland upon the English Dutch endeavour to amuse the Common people French Embassadors to England Dutch Libel against the English Valkenburghs Letter Guinee Relation Dutch ill treated in Russia General Fast. Ships taken by the English Everts taken Dismiss'd Order and Discipline of the English Fleet. Two Dutch East-India Ships taken Duke of York makes for the Coast of Holland Several Holland Merchant-Men taken Smyrna Ships sunk Lord Bellasis Governour of Tangier The Moors shew themselves without Effect English Merchants return safe home De Ruyter attempts the Barbadoes Lord Willoughby wounded by Allen. Duch at Sea Their Numbers Captain Nixon Executed June 1664. Parl. Proroguâ—d A Curiosity A Loss The Duke of York Ingaging the Dutch Fleet gain'd a very â—â—cal Victory July 1665. The Sickness Queen Mother returns for France The King at Oxford Duke of Albemarle stays in London Disaffected Officers order'd to depart the City English Fleet Rendezvouse Bankert returns De Ruyter Sails for New-found-Land The Stroaker Casualty in Norfolk A General Fast King goes to Portsmouth to the Isle of Wight and returns for Sallsbury Parl. Prorogu'd De Ruyter returns into Holland and is made Admiral Dutch loss in China Bishop of Munster threatens Holland August Dutch Assayl'd by Tyddeman in Bergen East-Indie Ships taken Sept. 4. Parliament sits in the Schools at Oxford Octob. 10. His Majesty's Speech The Commons Answer Parliament Prorogu'd Thanks of the House given to the University Duke of Ormond returns into Ireland November 1665. Term at Oxford Captain Howard 's Valour against the Dutch Dutch Embassador recall'd out of England The King's Letter to the Dutch Munster active against the Dutch King of France supplies the Dutch Munster 's Success in Holland Lunenburg excuses himself to the King of England French King declares war against England January 1665. February the King of England declares War with France Sir Christopher Mimms Chases the Dutch Pestilence abates and the King returns to White-Hall Parl. Prorogu'd Earl of Sandwich sent Embassadour into Spain Peace made with the Moors in Africa General Wrangle comes aboard Sir Jeremy Smith Nonconformist Ministers suppress'd in Scotland Parliament in Ireland Irish Traytors there examin'd King of Poland 's ill success Lubomirsky revolts German Princes quarrel Beaufort encounters the Argier Pyrates in Argier Portugals defeat the Spaniards English bravery in Portugal The Emperour's Brother deceased Peace made between the Empâ—â—oâ— and the Turk Turkish Embassadâ—r's present to the Emperor Savoy and Genoua at odds Mentz and Collen Electors reconcil'd Portugueses make an inroad into Spain Brandenburg takes Arms and expostulates with the Dutch Queen-Mother of France dies The Venetian and the Pope differ A counterfeit Messiah appears among the Jews Another Jewish Prophet in Arabia Foelix Turkish Embassadour's Secretary turns Christian. Palaffi Imbre revolts from the Emperour King of Spain dy'd March Governor of Jamaica assaults the Ducth Plantations in America Dutch conclude Peace with the Dane Swede stands firm to England April 6. Parliament Prorogu'd A Proclamation requiring Desborough and others to return into England Plotters Try'd at the Old-Baily Condemned and Executed Earl of Sandwich Arrives at Madrid Lord Hollis returns from France The Fleet ready A French Drag came to nothing Iune The Fleet divided A Fight for two days together maintain'd by the Duke of Albemarie The Fight renew'd Prince Rupert appears Sir George Ayscue Prisoner July The City furnish the King with 100000 l. The Dutch out again The English at their hâ—els Another Engagement English Loss Dutch Loss Sir Robert Holmes enters the Vly Burns 160 sail of ships He lands on the Schelling and burns a Town The Dutch at Sea again The English follow them close but stormy Weather hinders any attempt Monsiâ—ur de la Roche taken in the Ruby Tromp and De Ruyter fall out A designe upon Guernsey discovered Spies hanged The dreadful Fire of London The King and the Duke of York take great pains to prevent it Suspected persons Imprisoned An Observation The King takes care to relieve the distressed A General Fast. His Majesties Declaration concerning the Re-building of the City Val. Knight committed for dangerous advice about it Parliament reassembles They thank the King for his care in the War Vote a Supply of 1800000 l. Another Supply of 1250000 l. A Court of Iudicature Erected for deciding differences in the City His Majesties Horse-Guard burn'd Proclamation prohibiting Importation of Canary The Parliaments
Address 〈◊〉 suppressing 〈◊〉 Insolencies Declaration of War against Denmark City Building begins Prodigious Storms in Lincoln-shire Prodigious Storm in Lincoln-shire A day of Thanksgiving for the ceasing of the Plague Ryot at Dumfreeze in Scotland The Lord Willoughby sets forth a Fleet from the Barbadoes A Hurricane His Lordship lost Scotch Convention meets At Surinam better success The French King affronted by the Turk An Embassador sent for reparation He is reviled Beaten and â—â—prisoned Swedes offer a Mediation Accepted Breda the Place of Treaty A Valiant Act of Capt. Dawes The English Embassadors enter Breda The Dutch Attempts upon the Coast. Burnt-Island attempted And Sheerness They seize the Royal Charles Royal Oak burnt Two Dutch Men of War burnt Commissioner Pett committed The Dutch come up into the River of Thames Dutch land neer Harwich Encounter'd by the Train'd-Bands They come up to Hull Haven are encounter'd by several ships that lay there Dutch attempt to land neer Wenbury in Devonshire Neer Cawland in Cornwal Sir Jonathan Trelawney Major Sparks and Mr. Windham sent aboard the Dutch Admiral Their Entertainment A Present sent De Ruyter Foy Harbour Attempted Plenipotentiaries meet and Tâ—eat at Breda Peace Concluded Commissioners to take an Account of Publick Money The Office of Lord High Treasurer in the Hand of Commissioners Parliament met Parl. Adjourn'd Commissioners appointed to hear the complaints of Seamen Mr. Cowley 's death Dutch beaten by Sir John Harmon in the West-Indies Three Dutch Men of War and a Prize taken Proclamation against Papists Woodmongers Charter demanded His Majesty lays the first Stone of the Royal Exchange The Duke of York the second Earl of Sandwich sent to Portugal January 22. February Proclamation to hinder the roving of private Men of War February Count de Dona the Swedish Embassador dies in England Maritime League concluded with the Dutch by Sir Wil. Temple Charles the second launched March 3. 1666 7. Proclamation against Papists Prentices make a Tumult May 1668. His Majesty goes to the House signes several Bills and adjourns the Parliament Lord Vaughan Chief-Iustice Iune 1668. Bridge Town burnt August 1668. Sir William Godolphin Knighted and made Resident-Embassador in Spain Sept. 1668. Duke of Munmoâ—th made Captain of the Horse-Guards Venetian Embassador has Audience Sir John Trevor made Secretary Dr. Wilkins Bishop of Chester Sir Thomas Allen made Peace with Argier Decem. 1668. Parliament Prorogu'd Ian. 166â— Dutchess of York brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Edward Sprague sent into Flanders The Duke of Tuscany arrives in England The Prince of Portugal made Râ—gâ—nt Earl of Carlisle sent into Sweden King of Sweden presented with the Garter Earl of Winchelsey returns Theater at Oxford fâ—nished Meetings suppressed Dr. Fell Vice-Chancellor of Oxford Queen-Mother of England dies The Moors attempt Tangier but beaten off Lord Roberts Lord-Deputy of Ireland Royal Exchange fâ—â—ish'd Pâ—â—â— Assembles Parl. attended the King in the Banqueting-House Parl. Prorogu'd till February Parl. in Scotland Sir Thomas Allen before Argier Mr. Henry Howard sent Embassador to Taffalette Duke of Albemarle dies His Dutchess dies Jan. 1669. Parliament meet The King signes several Acts and adjourns the House Dutchess of Orleans arrives in England Dies July 1670. Parliament in Scotland Act for the Treaty of Union passed there Argier men of War destroy'd Cap. Peirce shot to Death Parl. meet Peace between Spain and England ratifi'd Prince of Orange comes into England Sir Thomas Allen returns from the Streights Sir Edward Sprague Commands in his room D. of Ormond violently assaulted in the Night The King passes some Acts. Popish Priests Banish'd The Dutchess of York dyes Parl. Prorogu'd And an Address about English Manufactures Earl of Manchester dies The Crown attempted King of Sweden and Duke of Saxony by Proxies Install'd Knights of the Garter Sir Edward Sprague meets the Argerines and destroys them The King takes a Progress The Moors attack Tangier and are beaten off Parl. Prorogu'd Embassadors sent abroad Ian. 1671 2. Stop upon the Exchequer Sir George Downing presses for answer to the King's demands Sir George Downing committed Nonconformists indulg'd Sir Robert Holmes attacks the Dutch Fleet neer the Isle of Wight War declar'd against the Dutch Mar. 1661 2. War proclaim'd against Holland Sir Edward Sprague comes home The French King continues and increases Impositions on Dutch Goods notwithstanding their threats French Warlike preparations breeds jealousies Cologne fortifies The Dutch fortifie Maestricht Newburg fortifies Dusseldorp and Montery raises men in Flanders Brunswick Besieged They surrender The Escurial burnt The Dutch endeavour to get Assistants The Prince of Orange made their Captain-General The Emperor offers to Mediate Dutch Embassador slighted at Paris Convoys taken care of for the Merchants Several Lords call'd to the Privy Council King of France begins his March Turrenne blocks up Maestricht Fight between the English and Dutch Several Townes taken from the Hollanders Hollanders confus'd at the success of the French The King of Englands Declaration inviting the Dutch Subjects into England Dutch more and more distressed The People Mutiny Prince of Orange declar'd Stadtholder The Condition of the Dutch The Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Arlington sent into Holland Duke of Buckingham and Earl of Arlington return English misâ— the Dutch East-Indie Fleet. Earl of Essex Lord-Deputy of Ireland The fall of De Wit and Van Putten The Confederates divert the French Magistrates chang'd in Holland Parl. adjourn'd The Duke of York returns from the Fleet and Action ceases Turenne 's Declaration Sir Edward Sprague spoyles the Dutch Fishing Prince of Orange succeeds ill Earl of Shaftsbury Lord-Chancellor Lord Clifford Lord-Treasurer Stop upon the Exchequer continued Duke of Richmond dies Parl. meet Sir Job Charleton made Speaker 18 Moneths Assessment given to the King The Parl. make an Address to to the King Parl. Adjourn'd James Piercy pretends to the Earldom of Northumberland The Island Tabago taken by the English Dutch at Sea May 26. May 28. June 4. July 17. July 20. August 10. Peace with the Dutch Proclamation against Papists April The Lord Lockhart Mediates a Peace between France and Spain Proclamation against scandalous News Sir Lyonel Jenkins and Sir Joseph Williamson return to London Duke of Monmouth chose Chancellor of Cambridge Earl of Arlington Lord-Chamberlain Sir Joseph Williamson Principal Secretary Earls of Ossory and Arlington â—ent into Holland A Marine Treaty between the King and the Uâ—ited Provinces Dr. Crew made Bishop of Durham Dr. Compton Bishop of Oxford The Dutchess brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Francis North Lord Chief-Iustice of the Common-Pleas Parl. meets Prince of Newburgh arrives in England Barbadoes Conspiracy Indians Rebel in New-England Northampton fâ—red River by Salisbury began to be made Navigable Parl. meets Proclamation against St. Germain the Iâ—suite Hurricane at Bardoes Jamaica fâ—ourishes
Commanders in the like nature besides Plundrings what hath been taken going out of the Land to the King Lastly Monthly Taxes upon all the Lands in the associated Counties and the Cities of London and Westminster besides what they took for Contribution in their Garrisons c. which came to 60000 l. a month and so given in if not more and by the year amounts to 720000 l. and in five years comes to 3600000 l. and is 360 Waggons loading of silver at 10000 l. a Waggons loading And this higher afterwards This in five years time amounted besides the Customs and the Kings Revenues and Ecclesiastical Profits sequestred in their hands to neer 20000000. But he that is able to reckon what the Sales of the same lands of King Queen and Prince Bishops Deans and Chapters the Nobility and Gentry as Delinquents together with the Monthly assessment at the same time of 100000 and 120000 per mensem come to Erit mihi magnus Apollo I mention not Decimation nor the Piedmont-Sacriledge nor other slier Artifices of Cromwel nor the Prize-money c. But if an estimate be taken of their gettings by their spending let that almost insuperable debt left upon the Kingdom and discharged by the King upon his Return be the unenvied testimony thereof Vale. A CHRONICLE OF THE CIVIL WARS OF ENGLAND SCOTLAND and IRELAND THE FIRST PART BEING The Commons War NO higher or greater cause can be assigned for this War setting aside the sins of all Times and Nations to which the Justice of Heaven is seldome long a Debtor but the fate and catastrophe of Kingdoms and Monarchies which do at certain periods of time taste of that vicissitude and mutability to which all other sublunary things are more frequently subjected The secondary causes of it are so many and so uncertain so variously reported and believed that it would spend much of the paper allotted to this History in ascertaining them Therefore to contain and keep within the limits of this designment something onely shall be said of them that was obvious to every eye not savouring of partiality or affection Many disorders and Irregularities no doubt there were in the State contracted through a long and lazy peace bolstred up with an Universal trade which procured a general wealth the Parents of Wantonnesses the excess of National riches being but as the burden which the Ass carries and mistakes for provender people being onely the better able to sustain their future misery with their present plenty These conceived abuses in the manage of the State like ill humours where they finde an equal resistance or over-power of nature sunk and descended upon the Ecclesiastical Regiment too impotent to sustain those general assaults which were given it No storms or tempests can be raised or maintained below without the Celestial influences or disturbances in the upper Region nor often are there any Commotions or Wars among or in Nations where Religion which ought to be the peaceablest and most innocent perswasion is not the Primum Mobile the great mover of the Machine of Destruction Quantum Religio potuit suadere malorum Nothing from abroad could any way break off that continued series of peace we had so long enjoyed we had made the Nations round about us to wonder at and to dread the putting forth of that strength which had been matured and ripened by the sunshine of so great a prosperity so many years together while the world about us was hurled into the confusions of Ruine and War ready to become a prey to the next potent Invasion Strange moreover it is That the miserable Distractions and Confusions which ensued should be derived from no greater beginnings then a few Ceremonies in the Church that War which stands upon none should be founded and fixt upon them and yet nothing more certain can be charged with the guilt of so much misery as these Kingdoms so long suffered under but the Cavils Discontents and disputes about them A grudging there was for many years before in the Raigns of Queen Elizabeth and King Iames in whose days and at his first assumption to this Crown a Conference was before him managed by the Reformists about them where that learned King so justified the use of them that for a while all obâ—oquâ—es against them were silenced and the Church and State enjoyed its greatest blessings of Peace and Uniformity Nor was there much noise about them in the beginning of the Raign of King Charles but towards the middle it began to threaten a storm in the year 1635. towards the conclusion whereof some Uproars and Commotions were raised decrying those Ceremonial Rites used and practised in the Church such being the ushering in by a general murmur what was plainly and distinctly declared in the beginning of the year 1637. from whence this Chronicle takes its rise by Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr Burton seconded and asserted by that famously known person Iohn Lilburn These men though questionless from different grounds and respects as this age hath lived to see by Mr. Pryn who proved a great and happy instrument in the Kings Restitution and consequently the resettlement of the Church printed several Books against the aforesaid Ceremonies for these Books they were apprehended which were charged also to be full of Invectives against the Bishops and Episcopal Government and were severely censured in the Star-Chamber to the exasperation of a great part of the Kingdom They were all three sentenced to be set in the Pillory and to have their ears cut off Mr. Pryn to be stigmatized on both cheeks each of them fined five thousand pounds apiece to the King and to be imprisoned during the Kings pleasure which was accordingly executed in every point of the sentence and as valiantly and stoutly undergone by these sufferers who after they had stood in the Pillory three thereof being set up in the Palace-yard at Westminster were sent to remote Castles in the adjacent Isles of Guernsey and Iersey from whence as we shall see hereafter they were brought back to London I may not dis-joyn the story of Iohn Lilburn from theirs though divided by time he suffering the year after being whipt at a carts tail for imprinting and vending several Books of the same purport and contents against the Bishops This man proved a great trouble-world in all the variety of Governments afterward being chief of a faction called Levellers he was a great proposal-maker and modeller of State which by his means was always restless in the Usurpation He died a Quaker and such as his life was such was his death This year also Dr. Williams then Bishop of Lincoln and Dean of Westminster formerly Lord Keeper relapsed again into the Kings disfavour for some dishonourable words uttered against the King which were taken hold of and prosecuted in the Star-Chamber where he was fined ten thousand pounds though his enemies would rather have had him resigned his
Bishoprick and Deanery but he was of too great a spirit to relinquish either of them as being places conferred on him by Patent from his bountiful Master King Iames and so chose to pay the aforesaid fine which upon a new score was soon after doubled These harsh proceedings against him so exasperated his mind that in the troubles ensuing he openly sided with the Parliament In effect this whole years revolution as to matters of importance was concerned in Episcopacy But this smoak and smother in England concerning Ceremonies broke out into fire in Scotland these petty and particular discontents here being blown up there into a National dislike and abhorrence of them so that this here was but the forerunner of that conflagration there which afterwards laid waste Three Kingdoms And because of the remarkable and strange eruption and effects of it I think fit to give those Scotish Troubles their particular Narrative connext and intire together Which here follows The Troubles and Tumult in Scotland about the Service-Book Book of Canons High-Commission and Episcopacy THe great and long designed Union of the two Kingdoms of England and Scotland had taken its desired effect by the assumption of King Iames the Sixth to this Crown and the National feud between the two people thereof well allayed if not wholly extinguished being both as one body under one supream Head and Governour That King at his departing from that his Native Kingdom had left it in a very flourishing condition as ever it boasted of the State well provided for by wholsom Laws and the management thereof committed to the prudentest and most honourable of the Nobility the Church-Regiment under a godly and a learned Orthodox Episcopacy reverenced and well accepted by the people All things both in Church and State being well ordered supported and maintained by that accession of power and greatness to their Soveraign in this Kingdom that Nation continued in a firm and unvariable quiet till about the middle of the Reign of King Charles the first of blessed memory by whom as also by his Royal Father several endeavours were used for the better strengthning and perpetuating the Union aâ—oresaid by conforming the Discipline of that Church to the pattern of this Religion being the most sure and indissolvable tie and mutual security In the time of King Iames those memorable Five-Articles were made by the Assembly at Perth whereby the High-Commission the Book of Canons and other Rites and Ceremonies were introduced and established By King Charles the First the Book of Service or Common-Prayer was endeavoured likewise to be brought in it having constantly been used for twenty years before in his Majesties own Royal Chappel in that Kingdom before his Majesties Ministers of State and the Nobility and Gentry attending them And now all things appeared Retro sublapsa referri to precipitate into Confusion and Disorder the period of that peace was come which had so long blest that Kingdom Not that really and singularly that Book was the cause of those Commotions but accidentally ministring the male-contents of that Kingdom an occasion of revolt and disloyalty For the seeds of that Sedition were sown by the Plotters of the Covenant which was afterwards so magnified under the pretence of Religion long before any of the grievances or pretended innovations in Religion complained of by them were ever heard amongst them The true Original of these Tumults was a Revocation made by King Charles the first of such things as had passed away in prejudice of the Crown especially by some of the late Princes in their minorites by this course some of the principal Contrivers of this Covenant found their Estates within the danger of the Laws And though the King to rectifie that proceeding of his had made appear his clemency in waving all the advantages which the Laws afforded him not one of his Subjects being damnified by the said Revocation yet for all this the principal persons laboured a disaffection to the Government laying the envy of procuring that Revocation upon the Prelates who in this were as innocent as the thing it self onely because they hoped that the very name of Church-men or Religious persons should in the point of Faction have that operation with their followers which they conceived the Church or Religion it self might have had if they could have seen how to have perswaded them that by this Revocation either of them had been endangered Other things there were relating to the Ministers themselves the Gentry and their Farmers who paid the Tythes to the Nobility being the burthen of Impropriations This the King thought to remedy by granting out a Commission to a great number of the prime of all estates and degrees to relieve if they should see cause both the Ministers and others who suffered by that grievance This Commission was called The Commission of Superiority and Tythes which effected as to the agrieved its intended effect and for which all possible thanks were rendred to his Majesty Nor were the most of the Nobility unsensible of the advantage by this means to matter of profit but they fretted privately for being robbed of that Lordliness over the Clergy and Laity which by right of Tythe they enjoyed and therefore had recourse to the former fetch of making the Bishops when indeed it was obtained by the importunity of Clergy and Laity the Procurers also of this Commission The last ingredient to this bitter Cup which was prepared in Scotland for the three Nations was matter of Honour and Title For the King going to his Coronation there in 1631. a Parliament being called to honour the same wherein an Act passed that gave his Majesty power to appoint such Vestures for Church-men which he should hold most decent and another for ratifying all Acts heretofore made concerning the established Religion and the liberties and priviledges of the Church his Majesty finding some principal men who were suitors at the same time for the Dignities aforesaid dissenters to the confirmation and allowance of the said Acts did not confer such expected Honours but passed those by and justly advanced more Loyal persons at which they then muttered but mutined not till his Majesties departure Then they with Seditious private Libels taxed this Parliament with prevarication and obliquity in their proceedings as if it had been pack'd and also that the voyces were not truly numbred but that some Acts were past without plurality of Votes This being sifted by the Kings Privy Council there the Author was known who fled but the principal engager the Lord Balmerino was apprehended His Father had been raised by King Iames to his Barony and Fortune but for the most ungrateful of Treasons was condemned by his Peers His Son at his time fell into the same crime and condemnation but both by their Majesties favour and clemency restored to Life Honour Liberty and Estate But all these devices could not serve
English Lords and to perswade them of the honest intentions of the Scotch Nation were therefore for a while committed but soon after set at liberty having in part effected their errand and insinuated a good opinion of their proceedings withal begot an intelligence and correspondence with some of the Peers who before were well inclined to their cause This appeared soon after in the English Councils of War where the first Gallantry and Resolutions of the Principal Commanders were seen to flag and abate and dissolve into more soft and pliable dispositions to peace The English Army being far superiour in Arms men and bravery was encamped near Barwick and the Scots at Dunslo when by mediation of the persons aforesaid a Treaty was begun which ended presently in a short-lived Peace upon several Articles which being not performed on the Scots part are needless here to repeat In the mean time the Parliament of Scotland according to the Kings Proclamation when he also summoned their Assembly met on the appointed 15th of May and was prorogued till the last of August at which time they sate four days and therein formed four demands for the King The Assembly also sate a little before and abolisht Episcopacie the Liturgy and the Book of Canons with the High Commission c. These things coming to the Kings knowledge together with a Pamphlet prevaricating the conditions of the late Treaty their Letters to the King of France for aid their new Provisions for Arms their levying of Taxes of ten marks per Centum and continuing their Officers and Fortifications induced him by his new Commissioner the Earl of Traquair to command the Adjournment of the Parliament until the second of Iune next ensuing upon pain of Treason Against which Command the Covenanters declare and send a Remonstrance to the King by the Earl of Dumfermling and the Lord Loudon the Chancellour of that Kingdom afterwards who coming without Warrant from the Kings Commissioner Traquair were sent back again Whereupon Traquair a person suspected to have abused his trust comes himself and advising with Hamilton they both propound to the Council the affairs of Scotland being so desperate whether it were not more expedient the King should go himself in person into Scotland than to reduce them by Arms which after many politique considerations was Resolved in the Affirmative That nothing could reclaim them to their duty but force of Arms. This again brought the Earl of Dumfermling and the Lord Loudon to London with two other Commissioners where before the King again they insisted upon the justification of their innocence and withal desired that the King would ratifie and confirm their proceedings and that their Parliament might proceed to determine of all Articles or Bills brought to them to the establishing of Religion and Peace But instead of an Answer to their requests the King charged them with the aforementioned Libel and their Letters and Intelligence held with the French King which then came to English light and were known by the Characters to be the writing of the Lord Loudon who was thereupon committed for a short time but released upon the mediation of the Marquess Hamilton After his release he and Dumfermling presented their Assemblies and Parliaments Remonstrance to the King and the Commissioner returned also and gave a full account of the state of that Kingdom All three of them being admitted unto the Council together the matter was there managed with so much anger and sharpness that the King and the Scots were more exasperated against one another than before The Prince Elector Palatine the Kings Nephew by the Queen of Bohemia about this time came into England having utterly lost his interest in the Palatinate by the late defeat given him there by Count Hatsfield the Emperours General where Prince Rupert so famous afterwards in our Wars and the Lord Craven were taken he staid not long here but departed again and was taken at Lions by the French having past so far undiscovered he was soon after released and returned into England where by the Parliament he had 8000 l. a year assigned him out of his Uncles the Kings Revenue till after His Murther he departed home upon the Articles of Munster-Treaty by which he was restored to his Dignities and Sovereignty being conveyed hence in 1649. in a man of War to the Brill in Holland This year was signalized also by a famous Sea-fight between the Flemings and the Spaniards in the Downs Don Antonio Ocquendo was Admiral of the Spanish Fleet which consisted of seventy Sail of great Ships and Gallions on which were put aboard as the report went twenty five thousand men designed for the service of the Spaniard against the Dutch of the one side and the French on the other and were ordered to be landed at Dunkirk with money for the paying of his Armies then afoot On the 17th of September they were met by the Vice-Admiral of the Holland-Fleet who engaging them in the Chanel was worsted but getting to windward kept near them continuing firing to give Van Trump then before Dunkirk notice of their approach Betwixt Dover and Calice the two Dutch Fleets joyn and attaque the Spaniard the English Fleet under the Command of Sir Iohn Pennington looking on the while who being sore bruised was forced to the English Coast where the Spanish Ambassadour desired they might be protected for two Tides by the Kings Ships but that could not be allowed for the Kings Neutrality between both Whereupon in the night some part with the most of the Treasure and fourteen Ships got safe to Dunkirk the rest Van Trump being recruited with an hundred Ships in an instant almost of time set upon and dispersed sinking and taking and stranding very many so that few escaped home This was the second luckless Armado of the Spaniard on which the malecontents of this and the Kingdom of Scotland grounded many false and scandalous surmises against the King To return again to Scotland where I may not omit one fatal passage On the 19th day of November being the Anniversary of his Majesties Birth part of the Walls of the strong Castle of Edenburgh fell down which was likewise interpreted for an ill Omen such another though more unhappily and nearly significant was that of the fall of the head of his staff at his Tryal before the pretended High Court of Justice For the repairing of these ruines the King sent the Lord Estrich Col. Ruthen and others who were resisted by the Covenanters as men not qualified for the service No hopes for these and other reasons being conceivable of treating and perswading the Scots to obedience a Resolution was taken vigorously to prosecute the War commenced the year before to which purpose it was debated at a Cabinet-Council where none were present but the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Earl of Strafford and Hamilton and there agreed that a Parliament
this excellent States-man without a very notable remarque which hath received credit from the mouthes of many honorable persons t was this At the time of the passing the Bill of Attainder in the House of Commons Sir Bevil-Greenvile and Sir Alexander Carew sitting together they both serving for the same County of Cornwall Sir â—evil bespoke Sir Alexander in such-like words Pray Sir let it not be said than any member of our County should have a hand in this â—minous business and therefore pray give your Vote against this Bill To whom the other instantly replyed If I were siere to be the next man that should suffer upon the same Scaffold with the same Ax I would give my consent to the passing of it And we have seen how exactly and in every circumstance this presagious saying of his was afterwards verified and accomplished It is observable moreover that none of all the Bishops that were advised with by the King in reference to his satisfaction concerning the Earls death escaped the fury of that Parliament and the times he only excepted as the King himself notes in his Book who counselled him by no means not for any considerations or reason of State or Time whatsoever to act against his conscience but that obeying the Dictates thereof he should refer the Issue to God which Counsel had it been followed doubtless those miseries which ensued presently after had never befallen him nor his Kingdomes the Earl being indeed one of the chief Pillars and Basis of his Authority and Government without whose ruine the Grandees of the Faction knew they could not effect or accomplish any thing such an absolute rare honest and loyal master-piece of Reason and Prudence so much strength of spirit to quicken his undertakings joyned therewith the age present saw not and well will it be for the next if it may compare and parallel him Thus far to the memory of his most useful life we must also parentate something to his lamented and most causeless death from which as we shall see in the conclusion of this History he had a most honourable Resurrection here On Sunday May 2. was solemnized at Court the marriage between the young Prince of Orange and the Princess Mary Before we attend the Earl to the Stage it will not be unworthy the Readers patience to observe Sir Dudley Carleton the Earls Secretary bringing him the news of the Kings passing the Bill of Attainder the Earl believing the King would not have done it arose from his chair and lifting up his eyes to Heaven clapt his hand upon his heart and said Put not your trust in Princes nor in the sons of men for in them there is no salvation A design was laid for his escape if we may believe Sir William Balfore Lieutenant of the Tower at that time whose report upon examination was that the Earl sent for him four days before his suffering and endeavoured to perswade him to connive at his escape promising to reward him with twenty thousand pounds and his Daughter in marriage to Balfores Son The said Balfore saying further that he was commanded to admit Captain Billingsley to march into the Tower with an hundred men for the better securing of the place but the said Billingsley coming he was denyed entrance by Balfore whereupon the Earl expostulates with the Lieutenant of the danger of opposing the Kings command Balfore answering that a design of his escape was discovered by three good-wives of Tower-street that peeping in at the key-hole of his door they saw him walking with Billingsley and heard them advising thereon and of a Ship to be in readiness for him below the River On the 8th of May 1641. the said Earl was brought to the Scaffold on Tower-Hill where were present some of the Nobility Sir George Wentworth his Brother and the Archbishop of Armagh to whom principally he directed his Speech which being so publique and transmitted by so many pens cannot certainly fail posterity and with much Christian resolution was offered there as a Sacrifice to popular fury heightned and enraged by the artifices and designs of some innovating principal Leaders to the following breaches and Rebellion To sum up all our misery in the total of this noble person the same day the King signed the Bill for his Execution he signed also another for the continuing of this Parliament till they should dissolve themselves the only lasting monument of all our troubles The Scots having thus obtained their aims against this honourable person whom they termed the enemy of their Country and having received a vast sum of money blood and the price of blood together were now pleased upon the disbanding of the English Army to march home and disband also as was before intimated having first obtained of his Majesty a grant to be present at the next sitting of their Parliament at Edinburgh which his Majesty condescended to and in August came thither having before his departure constituted the Earl of Leicester Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in the place of the Earl of Strafford but through the Rebellion and other contingencies and reasons of State falling out he never went over in that quality though preparations were made both here and there in order to his Government On the seventeenth of May divers of the Kings chiefest Officers of State fearing they might likewise be subject to the same destructive change with the Earl of Strafford resigne their places viz. The Lord Cottington Master of the Wards to the Lord Say Doctor Iuxon then Bishop of London resignes his office of Treasurer of England to five Commissioners Marquess Hertford was also sworn governour to the Prince in the stead of the Earl of Newcastle The Earl of Pembroke displaced from being Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold and the Earl of Essex ordered to succeed him Upon the Kings going for Scotland the Parliament was Adjourned till the 20 of October during which recess and his Majesties absence the ill humours of discontents gathered amain The Faction was strengthened at home by open and avowed correspondencies which became publique in menaces and threatnings against the remaining disorders and abuses in the Government The Ax had but tasted of that blood of which it soon after glutted it self all persons of all Ranks and Conditions King Archbishop Duke Marquess Earls Lords Knights Gentlemen Ministers Mechanicks suffering under its edge A remarkable thing the parallel of it being no where in our English Chronicles But so the Noble Earl of Straffords blood was expiated and his innocency attended with the like victimes The Parliament now met together after their adjournment the King being still in Scotland where he so ordered affairs by his indulgence and bounty that it was verily thought upon his departure he had not left a malecontent in that Kingdom to the confirmation of which opinion the Scots were not wanting themselves it being their complement grown to a publique expression that his Majesty
facilitate and end the War in its begining which the King passionately desired But considering that it was dangerous venturing to be inclosed between the Army and the City with their entire forces he resolved to face about and fight the Earl of Essex first who having garrisoned several places and lessened his numerous Army was advancing after him Portsmouth was now taken by Sir Iohn Merrick having first surprized South-sea Castle and held it for the Parliament Colonel Goring being forced to yeild it the Town being commanded by that Castle before the Marquess of Hertford could come to the relief of it being then besieged in Sherburn by the Earl of Bedford Goring according to agreement passing for the present over into France The Earl of Essex advanceth into Worcestershire while the Kings Army staid still at Shrewsbury expecting forces out of South-Wales to prevent the conjunction of whom Essex sent a party of Horse under the command of Colonel Sands and Colonel Feinnes betwixt whom and Prince Rupert and the Lord Byron happened a smart encounter in the lanes neer Worcester City where at first the Parliament-Army had the better but Prince Rupert falling in the Rear forced them to leave their design Colonâ—l Sands was mortally wounded his Major Douglass was killed with the loss of threescore men nevertheless Essex hastily advancing the Royallists quitted Worcester which thereupon was Garrisoned for the Parliament While the Earl of Essex staid here about settling the Militia the King passed directly away from Shrewsbury where he had coyned money out of the Plate freely brought him by the Gentry towards London having got the start of Essex who thereupon doubled his haste after him The King therefore resolved to fight him and staid at Keynton whither next morning came the Essexians On Sunday Octob. 23. the King in Battalia descended from Edge-hill whence with a Prospective-glass he viewed the Parliaments Army and being asked what his Majesty thought of them he answered I never saw the Rebels before in a body I am resolved to fight them God and good men assist my righteous cause The King had the advantage both of the ground and Wind his Army drawn up in very good order his main Battel of Foot winged on both sides with a number of brave Horse but those on the right where Prince Rupert commanded were the most choice and couragious The other Wing was led by the Lord Wilmot Lieutenant-General of the Horse the Battel by the Earl of Lindsey General of the field on foot in the head of them with a half-Pike in his hand In the whole Army were very many expert and valiant Commanders all the distrust was in the Welch Infantry who at first beginning were somwhat skittish In this posture the King marched into the Vale adjoyning called The Vale of Red-Horse a name sutable to the colour that was that day bestowed on it which Essex having notice of he presently drew his Army out of Keynton Town where he quartered that night and put it into this order He himself as the other General on foot at the head of his Infantry which made up one entire body opposed himself to the Kings on the left Wing stood Col. Ramsey a Scotch man with five Regiments of Horse on the other Sir William Balfour and Sir Philip Stapleton who commanded the Generals Life-guard of Horse that fought stoutly and behind them as a Reserve was placed the Lord Fielding with his Regiment of Horse Both Armies thus facing one another the fight began with the exchange of Artillery which doing no great execution on either side Prince Rupert fell with fury upon Col. Ramsey and utterly overthrew him so that that whole Wing fled with speed towards Keynton The Foot placed neer to that Wing seeing the rout and slaughter threw down their Arms and fled also of which Colonel Essex's Brigade was the greatest part The Colonel being thus forsaken put himself into the battel and was of great service afterwards that day till he was shot in the Thigh with a Bullet of which he soon after dyed Prince Rupert following the chase to Keynton-Town fell there on the Waggons Essex had left behind him and returned not to the Field which else had been totally the Kings until Colonel Hambdens Regiment and some other Forces which were coming to joyn with Essex forced him with their Canon out of the Lanes wherein he continued his pursuit The Earl of Carnarvan seconding the same mistake through heat of Courage On the other Wing Sir William Balfour had put my Lord Wilmot to it and had beat him from his ground so that the Kings Foot on that side were left naked and both Front and Flank attaqued by Foot and Horse The main Battel was here joyned Balfour breaking in pieces two Regiments of the Kings had opened the way to the Standard Here the Earl of Lindsey was mortally wounded performing the part of 2 valiant man as well as an expert General and his Son the Lord Willoughby coming in to his rescue taken prisoner Sir Edmond Varney the Standard-bearer was slain under it But another brisk charge being made upon Balfour and fresh supplies coming into that part so distressed the Standard taken by Essex and in the hands of one Chambers his Secretary was rescued by Sir Iohn Smith whom the King after the battel Knighted and made him a Banneret for his noble service and the Parliamentarians were repelled again It was neer evening and both Armies stood at a gaze Horse being drawn as in the beginning of the fight on both sides of the Foot neither of them attempting any more on either part the Royalists knew that Essex had received an addition as aforesaid under Hambden and so were stronger in Foot the Essexians likewise knew that Prince Ruperts Horse which were the best were as good as fresh and untouched and they had tasted of their Gallantry In this consultation they stood till night when the King retreated to the place from whence he descended the side of Edge-Hill where with the Prince in his Coach he passed that night his Army keeping great Fires and in the morning marched his Foot away while the Horse stood in Battalia towards Ayno The Earl of Essex lodged that night on the place where the fight was and then not without fear and discouragement marched to Warwick leaving the King to pursue his way for London which was the thing by this fight he attempted to hinder The Victory is questioned by either part the King was denyed it because he left the field and the dead to the disposal of the enemy and marched away That was answered that it was agreeable to the Kings designe which was no more than to make his way free for London aforesaid and expedition was requisite It is denyed also to the Parliament for that they lost somewhat more men and more Standards and received a confess'd defeat in one part of
Magistrates Officers and Souldiers within this Garrison of Glocester unto his Majesties gracious Message return this humble Answer That we do keep this City according to our Oath and Allegiance to and for the use of his Majesty and his Royal Posterity and do accordingly conceive our selves wholly bound to obey the Commands of his Majesty signified by both Houses of Parliament and are resolved by Gods help to keep this City accordingly This equivocal strange answer the King received without any passion onely wondered at their confidence saying before the Messengers that brought the Answer Waller is extinct and Essex cannot come Upon the return of the Messengers Colonel Massey the Governour set fire on the Suburbs whither Prince Rupert was advanced but was driven out by the flame The same night the Kings Army intrencht on two sides of the City within Musquet-â—hot of the Wall under shelter of some Houses which the Fire had not catched which caused the Besieged to sally out upon them in commanded parties of an hundred and fifty Musqueteers at a time then greater parties of five hundred which came off with safety and did some execution save the two last where they received some loss by misguidance which made them afterwards cautious how they ventured out having but a few men in the Town the vanquishing of any one of those parties being like to run the City into extream hazard whose whole strength remained upon the Works day and night except the reserve of a hundred and twenty men at the Main Guard The King was loth to spill bloud and throw away the lives of so many men as the Storming would cost if he should prevail and therefore fell to Undermining and shooting out of Morters and Granadoes into the City which the City answering would speedily consume their Magazine which was at last reduced to three Barrels of powder by continual shooting of their Cannon into the Leaguer which did much mischief And to the Mining the Governour used Countermines both parties working with great industry while the King thought it not honourable to vouchsafe to send them another Summons And they held out in hopes of a sudden and potent relief which came soon after as we now shall relate The Parliament was in great perplexity to recruit an Army so much wasted and therefore since they could not raise a strength abroad were resolved to make use of the Trained Bands Those that were well-affected to the Parliament encouraged each other to the work though by wise men the enterprise was despaired on For the General Essex was eighty miles off and his march lay through those Countries which were already harrased by the Enemy Sir William Waller who first had received his Commission about the time of Edge-bill â—ight and had been defeated as we mentioned before in regard of his vigilance and experience though he failed therein was intended for a Reserve to Essex in this Expedition but that Ordinance of Parliament for him took no sudden effect farther than the constituting of him Major-General of Kent Surrey Essex and Hampshire On the twenty fourth of August General Essex Rendevouzed on Hounsloe-heath whither he was accompanied with most of the Members of the Parliament and from thence marched on his way lodging that night at Colebrook Upon intelligence of this Armies advance Prince Rupert with the greatest part of the Kings Horse drew off from Gloucester to oppose their march that so the Siege might not be interrupted Several incounters were made by parties before who mis-judged the whole by the most resolute Troops in the Van who were spirited with Money and the Cause and so reported it so that the King fearing a powerful enemy from without and an obstinate enemy within drew off in the very nick when he might probably have been possessed of it by delaying his remove We will not mention other encounters than that which happened on the fourth of September so commonly known by the name of the fight at Stow in the Would The General sent Colonel Harvey with his Regiment of Horse and two Regiments of Foot to advance a little before towards the right-hand and the City-Regiments upon the left under the conduct of Lieutenant-General Boyly Adjutant of the Foot Prince Rupert having notice thereof appear'd with about three thousand Horse drawn up on the Hills facing the Parliaments Forces and a strong party which speedily executed their Errand to enclose those Forces which being perceived three Regiments advanced to Colonel Herveys rescue and thereupon the Kings Forces retreated to their main Body Better order was afterwards taken for that small distance from Gloucester by Essex so that on the fifth of September the General advanced and came to Presbury-hills where he drew up his whole Army in view of the City of Gloucester and discharged four pieces of great Ordnance to give them notice of his approach Soon after which he saw the Kings quarters on fire for immediately he deserted the siege and marched away all night hoping to take better advantages than the surrender of the Town would have offorded him for Essex was concluded to be tired The Relief being come as before is said the Town was freed with much rejoycing both of the Garrison and Army the City extolling and praysing the General for his timely and valorous advance and he extolling their courage and constancy and highly applauding the Governour for his skilful defence of the City The Generals Reer-guard stayed on the top of Presbury-hill by reason of the steepness thereof darkness of the night and tempestuousness of the weather but the General quartered at Cheltenham though during his March the Kings Forces skirmished with part of his Army and divers times beat up his quarters while he staid at Cheltenham which was two days It was hardly thought indeed that ever he could have been able to have effected the business but providence pleasing to continue our troubles which either by the taking or letting alone that City would have been at a neer Period suffered the King to fail in the height of his hopes and expectations At Glocester solemn thanks were rendered to God for this great deliverance with all expressions of Joy and Triumph and notice being sent to London the like was done there especially by the Women whose Husbands were many of them Engaged in that service The King continued-in his Quarters upon the borders of Wilt-shire with a resolution to fight Essex in his return which he must necessarily do for recruits and refreshments having suffered many discommodities in the Expedition He departed with this resolution from Tewksbury which Garrison and that of Glocester he had provided with necessaries to Cheltenham where he had notice that a party of the Kings Forces were quartered at Cyrencester being the Regiments of Sir Nicholas Crisp and Colonel Spencer which at midnight he surprized and took the Town where he found forty â—oad
had faced Petworth and entred Midhurst and at last was clapt down before Aundel-castle the extremest parts of Sussex whose shore before we leave we must conjoyn a short account of the Isle of Iersey which by Sir Peter Osburn was now delivered to Sir Iohn Pennington still Vice-Admiral for the King in the narrow Seas in exchange of which good fortune the Garrison of Pool had received a very great success in an Expedition into the Country and the Earl of Warwick had joyned at Warcham with Col. Earl upon a designe against Câ—rf-castle but that succeeded not Monsieur le Prince de Harcourt came hither a while before as Ambassador Extraordinary to offer the French Kings interposition and arbitrement of the differences between King and Parliament and was convoyed and splendidly received at Oxford but his Coach and Pacquet searched as he passed the London-Fortifications which he highly complained of to the Parliament who to evade his Peace-making errand would not own him as an Ambassador Extraordinary He was followed upon the same account to Oxford whence he went and came twice with a Duch Ambassador but all to no purpose For the Parliament had now two fresh Armies asoot raised by the City and a third the Scots now upon their march though a little before they earnestly beâ—ought an Accommodation It is time here to remember other memorable things which happened a little before the first was that of the two Hothams Sir Iohn and his Son these persons eminent more especially the Father for adherence to the Parliament having first of all men denied the King admittance into his Towns and Magazines by putting themselves into Hull and keeping it by vertue of a power from the Lords and Commons now either touched in conscience for the unlawfulness and the undutifulness of that action or else not so highly regarded and considered as that important and leading piece of service might justly challenge from the Parliament the Queen being also newly arrived in those parts who probably might have dealt with Sir Iohn in the matter he began to falter from that firmness he had professed for the Parliament which being guessed at by some strict observers of him he not being reserved enough in a thing of that consequence a party was made against him in his own Garrison and he too late endeavouring to have secured Hull for the King was in the bustle knockt down in the streets secured with his Son and both sent up prisoners to the Tower whence not long after they were brought to tryal and execution At the same time also returned Sir Hugh Cholmly a Member likewise of the House of Commons and who had secured Scarborough for them which as before was afterwards put into the Kings hands by Brown Bushel The other thing remarkable was the death of Mr. Iohn Pym the great stickler against the King and his Prerogative the Speech-maker of the House of Commons that could wiredraw money with every word he uttered to the City He died when the Kingdom was in a flame which he had chiefly blown up not likely to be extinguished Nothing is reported of his end certainly and though there was a fable of his body being full of Lice sure we may be it was full of worms afterward and let judgment be left to God whether he engaged in the Times and Quarrel out of a misguided or a reclaiming Conscience Insert we here also as matters of State not War that upon the carrying the Great Seal to Oxford by the Lord Keeper Littleton a new great Seal was made by the Parliament which the King declared to be treasonable and soon after sent a Messenger to London one Daniel Kniveton to forbid the holding of the Term by any colour of the said Seal and did therewith adjourn the said Term but the Parliament were so far from giving heed to that Message of the Kings which was according to his duty delivered to the Judges in Westminster hall by the said Kniveton that by a Council of War held at Essex-House they sentenced him to be hanged for a Spy which was accordingly executed upon him at the old Exchange London on 27 November Add we also that in February the King convened the Members of both Houses who had deserted them at Westminster as a Parliament in Oxford They met in the Schools accordingly and proceeded to several Consultations but within a year totally disappeared To conclude this year with Military affairs in Ianuary the Scotch Forces according to compact entred England with a well-accomplisht Army and in February cross'd Tine And to sum up the rendition of places on both sides take this account Scarborough Brimingham Litchfield Howley-house Burton upon Trent Bradford Hallifax Bristol Gainsborough Dorchester Portland Weymouth Melcomb Beverly Bidiford Appleford Barnstable Exeter Dartmouth Howarden-Castle Arundel-Castle taken by the Lord Hopton Beeston-Castle Lapley-House Crew-House Hopton-Castle Warder-Castle regained Sturton-Castle and Newark relieved for the King where Prince Rupert gained a compleat victory against Sir Iohn Meldrum who commanded there with 7000 men against the Town The Parliamentarians were beaten from their entrenchments into a House called the Spittle or Exeter-House where they came to a surrender upon capitulation leaving their Arms and Bag and Bagage behind them and a thousand men slain on their side Reading Wardour-Castle Monmouth Taunton and Bridge-Water Tamworth-Castle Burley-House Glocester relieved Lyn yeilded to the Earl of Manchester Grafton-House and Arundel-House taken by Sir William Waller again being again recruited with a fresh Army and a new Commission given him to be a Major-General of the four Counties of Kent Surry Sussex and Hamp-shire which leads this Chronicle next to some remarkable actions of his which were much in expectation in the ensuing year Anno Dom. 1644. SIr William Waller after his reducement of Arundel-Castle Marched to find out the Lord Hopton to cry quits with him for his defeat at Roundway-Down Both Armies were near one another a good space for his Lordship hovered about Winchester and those parts and at Brandon-Heath near Alsford was drawn up having a little before in his intended March to the relief of Arundel beaten Colonel Norton into Chichester who endeavoured to impede him and stood ready to receive Sir William who had taken the advantage of a Hill from which the Royalists with fury beat him and drove him to another where under the shelter of some Bushes and Trees he so galled the Kings Horse that they were forced in some disorder to retreat to their Foot There was a hollow betwixt both bodies which each endeavouring to gain many men found it for their Graves on both sides The Lord Hopton therefore seeing the slaughter that was made and likely to continue upon his men timely drew off his Artillery and Cannon towards Winchester and then wheeling about Marched for Basing and so presently to Oxford In this fight was killed on the Kings
in that Town which was totally infected with Puritanism and Zelotry and this was his first projection and design of ambition besides that it priviledged him from Arrests his Estate being sunk again and not to be repaired but by the General Ruine I have the rather insisted upon him here because this is the place from whence he began to appear in that eminence which shewed him to the people as a most able Champion of the Parliaments cause and from whence it is thought he first derived those ambitious thoughts which after Ruined three Kingdoms To give him his due the Honour of this Field was mainly if not solely ascribable to his courage for with his Regiment of Curassiers he broke through all that withstood him Defeating all the Northern Horse under the Marquess of Newcastle at which time the main bodies joyned animated and incouraged by his success Being thus over-powred both in Front and Flank the Royallists began to flie and Cromwel being impatient of any longer demur to his victory which he had so fairly bid for omitted not to prosecute the same In this unhappy juncture the Princes right Wing returned to the field but all was grown so desperate and in such confusion and disorder that it was impossible to Ralley them and the fearful execution that was made among them had quite taken away the hearing of any Command or obedience to Discipline There was yet standing two Regiments of the Lord New-castle's one called by the name of his Lambs these being veterane Souldiers and accustomed to fight stood their Ground and the fury of that impression of Cromwel which Routed the whole Army besides nor did the danger nor the slaughter round them make them cast away their Arms or their courage but seeing themselves destitute of their friends and surrounded by their enemies they cast themselves into a Ring where though quarter was offered them they gallantly refused it and so manfully behaved themselves that they flew more of the enemie in this particular fight than they had killed of them before At last they were cut down not by the Sword but showers of bullets after a long and stout resistance leaving their enemies a sorrowful victory both in respect of themselves whom they would have spared as in regard of the loss of the bravest men on their own side who fell in assaulting them A very inconsiderable number of them were preserved to be the living monuments of that Brigades Loyalty and valour The Prince after this defeat fled to Thursk and so through Lancashire and Shropshire the way he came Night ended the pursuit for it was eleven a clock before the fight ceased else more blood had been shed and the Parliaments Generals to the siege at York from whence they rose to give the Prince battel Here were slain to the number of 8000 and upwards in the field and flight which at certain was divided equally between both Armies For what slaughter was made by the Prince upon the Scots and Fairfax was requited by Cromwel on the left Wing as aforesaid and the fight was furious and bloody there It must needs be a great carnivage for a month after the Battel though the slain bodies were put into pits and covered there was such a stench thereabouts that it almost poisoned them that passed over the Moor and at Kendal a place near adjacent the Bell for six weeks together never ceased tolling for the inhabitants who were poysoned and infected with the smell The Marquess of Newcastle and the Lords and Colonels of his party who complyed not with the Prince in the resolution of fighting his men having been so long cooped up in York and in no present condition for battel took shipping at Newcastle and passed over to Hamburgh among whom was the Lord Widdrington General King Sir William Vavasor killed afterwards in the Swedes service at Copenhagen and many others which proved the utter loss of the North to the King Here were slain of persons of quality a good number such as Knights and Squires and the like particularly on the Kings side the Lord Cary Eldest son to the Earl of Monmouth and Sir Thomas Metham on the Parliament-side the Lord Diddup a Scotch Lord remarkable by this that when it was told the King at Oxford that such a Lord was slain on the Parliaments side he answered that he had forgot there was such a Lord in Scotland To which one replyed That his Majesty might well do so for the Lord had forgot he had such a King in England The Victor Army being come again before York summoned the City again they had used before their utmost indeavours by Mines and Assaults in one whereof they lost near one thousand men and were beaten off to have entred to which the Governour returned answer that he was no whit dismayed with their present success yet nevertheless on equal Conditions he would come to a Treaty and Surrender which in nineteen days after the battel was concluded on The main Articles were That the Garrison should march out according to the honourable custome of War That the Garison the Parliament put in should consist two parts of three of the County of York That the Citizens should be indempnified as well those absent as present and have the benefit of those Articles That the Cathedral and Churches should receive no prejudice c. According to which agreement the Governour and Garison departed the 23 day of Iuly but the Articles were most of them basely infringed and violated by plundering the people that departed out of York to Skipton whither by Articles they were to be convoyed New Levies were at this time ordered to be made by the Parliament amounting to twelve thousand Horse and Foot in the Southern parts of England and as many more were by their directions to their Commissioners in Scotland intended to be raised there for a supply and reinforcement of that Army then in England and like sums of money proportioned thereunto the Scots crying Give give while the Citizens of London paid for all upon whom this year an odd kind of Tax was laid for the setting out of Sir William Wallers Army as was unpractised ever in any War that every Citizen should pay as much every Tuesday as his expences for a meal for his family usually amounted to During the Kings absence in the West and the Princes in the North Sir William Waller had recruited himself and joyned with the forces of Colonel Norton and Colonel Morley who had drawn down before Basing a house of the Marquess of Winchesters garrisoned by him and kept for the King which being distressed for want of Ammunition and provision was close laid to by the enemy Many brave Salleys were made and a multitude of men they slew so that it was afterwards called Basting-house Waller was resolved not to rise cost what it would at length relief was put into
joyned who came just in the close of the fight and killed some of Masseys men who followed the pursuit but he himself with his â—ooty and Prisoners got safe to Glocester where he very honourably interred the body of the aforesaid Colonel Myn. Some attempts designs and skirmishes about passes upon the Severn whereabout Prince Rupert was quartered after his deâ—eat at Marston moor hapned every day such being the fortune of war that the Prince who had bid battel but the other day to thirty thousand men now pidled and trifled with a Brigade or two to seek the advantage of a private and commodious march being dogged but with a Squadron or two of Horse at Aâ—t Ferry where betwixt some of his forces and Colonel Massey a bâ—â—kâ—ring fell out wherein Massey prevailed but to no great loss or concernment While Colonel Massey was thus every day upon parties marching up and down one Kirle who for a while before had intelligence with him about the delivery of Monmouth being Lieutenant-Colonel to Holtby the Governour took the advantage of his approach to effect it for Massey having shewed himself thereabouts gave out that the enemy being plundering about Bristol he was constrained to depart whereupon Kirle is sent out with a Troop of Horse to pursue his rear him and his party Massey takes secures his men all but a Coronet who gave the Allarm to Monmouth where Kirle suddenly coming with a hundred Horse of Masseys commands the Gates to be opened to let him in speedily as he said with his Prisoners which after some dispute being done and the Draw-bridge let down he entred and presently declared hinâ—â—â—â— Mastering the Guards and making good the bridge till a body of Horse and Foot close behind came on and entred the Town The Governour escaped over the dry Graft leaving this place the key of South Wales thus in the enemies hands but it was regained from them soon after by as good Conduct as it was lost by base Treachery Several other encounters and velitations there were in those parts wherein Massey's activity and vigilance manifested it self but because they were of no great moment it will be to as little purpose to relate them Come we now to that which is most material and remarkable Hitherto the King seemed to have fortune equal if not favourable and inclinable to him saving in that unfortunate business of Marston-Moor Now the Cause came to be disputed The King in his march out of the West sent part of his Army on several services his reduced enemy still marching before him towards London as far as Basing where they had Arms put again into their hands and râ—câ—â—iâ—s from all parts thereabouts sent them Neer that House they gathered into one body but attempted not the place Here joyned the Earls of Essex Manchester and Sir William Waller with some trayned Regiments of London The King came to Kingsclear Essex to Aldermarston and thence privately over the water to Padworth and so to Bucklebury-Heath and thence to Newberry where the King was On Sunday-morning about a thousand of the Earl of Manchesters forces and London Trained bands came down the hill very early and undiscerned passed over the Kennet and advanced upon some few of the Kings Foot and over-powred them till they were seconded by Sir Bernard Astley who drove the enemy back again over the River and the Reserves that were passed to assist them altogether in the same rout Essex his design was to surround the King toward Sprâ— to which purpose about three a clock in the afternoon four thousand of their Horse and Dragoons and a stand of five hundred Pikes and some Cannon appeared on the West-side of Newberry beyond the King where the Cornish Foot and the Duke of Yorks Regiment commanded by Sir William St. Leger with five field-Pieces and a Brigade of Prince Maurice's Horse charged home but were repulsed and so over-powered with number that they were forced to forsake their ground and their five Field-pieces which the enemy seized and maintained Essex's Horse also were too hard for the Kings whom they discomfited and then with a part of them and some Musqueteers fell upon the Kings Life-guards and Sir Humphry Bennets Brigade they also over-powered Major Leg who was sent with a party of Horse to their reserve and made Colonel Bennet to bear off in some disorder but being seconded by the Lord Bernard Stuart who fell upon the enemies Flanks they routed them killing in the conflict a Captain and several private Souldiers On the Kings side Captain Cathlin was slain and Captain Walgrave wounded On the East-side of Newberry the Parliaments forces were not less successful against whom General Goring and the old Earl of Cleaveland opposed themselves with the said Earls brigade which consisted of the Regiments of Colonel Thornhill Colonel Hamilton Colonel Culpepper and Colonel Stuart In this dispute the Kings forces had the better killing Major Hurry Colonel Hurry's Kinsman but fresh supplies coming in the Earl was forced to recede and was at last taken Prisoner and the Kings person very neer the same condition Let us cast a view now into the bloodiest parts of the field on the North-East of Newbery where Manchester and the London Trained bands â—ought against the Lord Ashley and Sir George Lisle who had secured one Mr. Dolmans house as a place of some advantage having Colonel Thelwel for his Reserve Manchesters Horse and Foot descending the Hill with the aforesaid Trained bands advanced hastily upon those Foot of Sir Georges and worsted them but Sir Iohn Brown with Prince Charles his Regiment coming in time gave a stop to their fury diverting some part of their Horse to the relief of their Foot which he fell upon and so retreated when the Reserve under Thelwel made good his beginnings and Colonel Lisle animating his own Regiment by his example by pulling off his doublet brought them three several times to the Charge and maugre all the force and fury of the enemy could not be beaten from his ground which he quitted not before command Several times here it came to the butt-end with very great resolution on both sides which ceased not while they had any light to see what they did In the Covert of night the King drew all his Artillery Ammunition and Waggons under the walls of Dennington-Castle and marched away to Wallingford though his Rear staid that night in the place till almost morning and so to Oxford This was a most fierce and bloody Battel though of short continuance but of four hours from four a clock in the afternoon till eight at night wherein the Parliamentarians strove to revenge their disgraceful defeat at Lestithiel and the Royalists to redeem their loss at Marston-Moor but it was observed that none fought so eagerly as those Souldiers who took the engagement never to bear Arms against the King at their rendition in Cornwal so
commanded and whither some of these routed Troops had fled for shelter At his approach he instantly summoned it in a very threatning Message if he rendred it not immediately his Horse casting out words for the Foot to fall on when there was none there The governour over-ruled by his fair young Bride and some Ladies that were come thither to visit and frighted with the menace delivered the House with all the Arms and Amunition therein For which the hopeful young Gentleman for all the prayers and intreaties of his Wife and the merit of his Father was shot to death against Merton-Colledge-Wall in Oxford to the great regret afterwards of the King when he understood the business and for which he was highly displeased with Prince Rupert After the taking of this Blechingdon-House Cromwel sent the Prisoners away to Alisbury and slighted that Garrison and having intelligence of a party of 350 Foot under Sir William Vaughan who were marching that way towards Radcot-bridge he pursued them and took the said Sir William Lieutenant-Colonel Littleton and about 200 more Prisoners His next attempt was upon Farringdon having borrowed 600 Foot from Abingdon of Major-General Brown here he lost some 50 men withont any success and so gave over the design but before he could get off was attaqued by part of General Gorings Horse commanded by himself then newly come out of the West from Taunton-siege who by his valour so ordered his business that he gave Cromwel the first brush he received taking Major Bethel Prisoner and three Colours and then retreated to Letchlade in order to his return to strengthen and renew the siege against the aforesaid Town of Taunton The new modeled Army on the first of May began to march after a debate whether it should march Westward to the relief of Taunton or to besiege Oxford The first designment was followed and so on the 7 of May from Windsor General Fairfax reached Blandford in Dorset-shire whither he marched without any opposition save a little skirmish betwixt some of his Troops and one Lieutenant-Colonel Hacket whom they took Prisoner The King taking this opportunity of the Armies marching Westward drew his Forces and Artillery out of Oxford into the field Which the General foreseeing had left Cromwel and Major-General Brown to attend his motions but they being not of strength sufficient to impede his Marches or Conjuncture with Prince Rupert who advanced out of Hereford-shire and Worcester-shire Fairfax was recalled out of the West and ordered by the Committee of both Kingdomes to allot onely a portion of his Army for Taunton which was a Brigade consisting of four Regiments the Supreme Command whereof was given unto the eldest Colonel Welden Upon approach of those Forces the Royalists thinking it had been the whole Army for Fairfax made such semblance marching as far as Dorchester with the said relief drew off and gave them the liberty of entrance the fourteenth of May where they were welcomed by the resolute Governour afterwards General Blake a man more famous in the Times succeeding General Fairfax on the 14 of May likewise arrived at Newbery where two days he rested his wearied Foot and there again received new Orders to lay Siege to Oxford and Cromwel and Brown were recalled from following the King to joyn with the General in that Enterprise Nevertheless a party of 2500 Horse and Dragoons under Colonel Vermuden Cromwel not being so acceptable to that Nation were sent to joyn with the Scots in their march Southwards Fifteen days the Parliaments Army lay before the City while the King was at liberty and irresistable in the Field Fairfax despairing of reducing the Town never sent in a Summons thereby intending to save the first reputation of the Army when it should rise from thence without it Nothing occurred of any remark during this Siege but that a Bridge was laid over the River for a Communication and a resolute Sally made by the Garrison upon a Corps du Gard neer Heddington-hill which they surprized killed twelve and took the rest which made up 100 Prisoners who were Exchanged for the like number which the Adjutant-General Fleming took neer Newnham under the command of Captain Gardiner who had been sent Prisoners to Abingdon where a cruel custom had been practised of hanging all the Irish without any manner of Tryal under which notion very many English also suffered A barbarity so common that it grew into the Proverb of Abingdon-Law Borstal-house was likewise besieged by Skippon whither the General went himself but to no purpose Gaunt-house being battered by Colonel Raynsborough and a breach made after a resolute answer was glad to abate from its stubbornness and take Conditions upon quarter from the Enemy But while General Fairfax trifled at Oxford news came that the King having relieved Chester distressed by Sir William Brereton and the Neighbouring County-forces was now marching towards Leicester and the Association the Scots Army instead of advancing against the King being gone more Northward towards Westmerland their own affairs at home so requiring And also that General Goring Sir Ralph Hopton and Sir Richard Greenvile had joyned all their Forces against Colonel Weldens Brigade in a manner besieging them and the Town of Taunton together And that which brought up the Rear of these intelligences was worst of all that the King had taken Leicester by Storm the manner thus After Prince Rupert had summoned it wherein he offered quarter to the Town the Committee of that County then resident there assembled all the Commanders and read the Summons unto them by whom it was resolved to give answer next morning The Trumphet was no sooner returned but a Drum was presently dispatcht for a full answer within an hour which while they debated beyond their stint the Kings Guns played from the Battery and all Souldiers were commanded to their respective Posts the great and small Shot never intermitting that day and night when next morning they Stormed at six or seven places At Newark-breach they entered first where Colonel St. George was slain with a great shot in a Bravery and Gallantry of Courage venturing upon the mouth of the Cannon The Works being seized there yet remained a Work of greater Bloudshed the Market-place where the Defendants had drawn up their Artillery and for three hours space maintained the fight at the Cross therein They were at last over-powered the Committee-men with Sir Robert Pye Colonel Hacker and Colonel Grey taken Prisoners and put into custody onely Sir Robert had some more respect shewed him The Town was plundered and some of the Inhabitants for the present secured the spoil part of it carried away to the Kings adjacent Garrison of Newark Ashby-Delazouch and Belvoyr-Castle But the Parliament-forces found very neer as good Booty in those sudden spoils that came from Naseby All men upon this Success looked upon the Kings Army as far the more puissant
Great Fears and Distrusts were arisen in the Parliament it self not much different from despair several Members being over-heard to say in their passage to the House out of Westminster-hall that there was no hopes but in the Kings mercy and that the speediest recourse thereto would be the safest Expedient for them And the Royal party were as good as Cocksure as we say that the day was their own which they made appear even in London by all publike signes and discourses The King himself deceived also with this Lightning before his Ruine which he construed for the greatest Sunshine of his Felicity was of the same Opinion the result whereof appeared in a Letter written to the Queen Iune the 8th where he used this Expression I may without being too sanguine affirm that since this Rebellion my affairs were never in so hopeful away But behold the inconstancy and fate of War This his greatest Exaltation proved his utter Crushing and Final overthrow in the approaching Encounter at Naseby For the Parliament being alarm'd with this imminent danger gave speedy command to Sir Thomas Fairfax to rise from Oxford and march after the King and put their disperate condition to the decision of a Battel For they were now upon a ticklish Point and Treachery and Division at Home with the Kings growing Success would no doubt improve to a publike desertion of the Grandees of the Faction than which to them a Conquest could not be worse if not advantagious by linking and involving so many in the danger that in the multitude of the offenders they might find shelter The King was now in dispute whether he should turn his Arms to raise Oxford or Pomfret-siege march Southward or Northward The York-shire-men insisted on going homeward to their own Country that had so long been harrased by and under the Dominion of the Scots of which opinion was Sir Marmaduke Langdale and that in going thitherward probably Fairfax would rise and follow where some notable advantages might be taken of him so far distanced from any place or succour of relief Others were of opinion that the King should march into the Association and bending a little Westward joyn with General Goring who now again besieged Taunton with a gallant Army and had worsted Colonel Welden sent thither with succours as aforesaid and then with his United Forces which Fairfax would be in no case to resist to march directly to London and put an end to the War While this Consultation was held Fairfax was ordered to rise from before Oxford by the Committee of both Kingdoms who startled with the loss of Leicester resolved as before to put the business to an Issue by the fortune of a Battel if the King would be brought to it From Oxford the Army arose intending to put themselves between the King and the Associated Counties and fight him if he advanced if not to follow him with the same resolution The 5th of Iune the Parliaments Army marched to Marsh-Gibeon ten miles from Oxford and Major-General Brown put a substantial Garrison into Gaunt-house as a Curb and Bridle to the Oxonians when news was brought them that the King was come to Daventry with an intent to raise the Siege Iune the 6th the Army marched to Brickhil designing Stony-Stratford for the Head-quarter but that intelligence came that the King had faced Northampton with some of his Horse and it was thought dangerous to come so near him before the Horse under Vermuden were returned out of Derbyâ—shire and joyned with them Lieutenant-General Cromwel who had been sent with three Troops of Horse a little before to secure the Isle of Ely in case the King should make an irruption as was supposed was now by a Letter from the General to the Parliament desired to return to the Army to command the Horse and accordingly by their order he came back with 600 Horse of the Association the General writ likewise to Sir Iohn Gell Colonel Rossiter and the respective Governours of Warwick Coventry Northampton and Nottingham to send what Forces they could spare and then came Colonel Vermuden with 2500 Horse and Dragoons After this Conjunction the Army marched within three miles of Northampton where they were informed that the King was still about Daventry Quartering all his Foot and Carriages upon Burrough-hill as if he intended to fight upon that ground if they should advance but he stayed onely till 1200 Horse which he had sent to Oxford as a Convoy of the Cattel out of Leicester and Northampton-shire were returned The Parliaments Army then came to Gilsborough within five miles of Burrough hill where as their General was riding in the morning having been stopt in the night which was rainy and tempestuous by a private Souldier for the Word till the Captain of the Guard being sent for gave it him about three a clock he discerned the Royalists to ride fast over the said hill making fires in abundance as if they were firing their Huts which gave some cause to believe that they were about to march as it presently appeared About five in the morning Iune 13 certain notice was given that the Royalists were drawn off from Burrough-hill having stood in Arms all night being amazed that the Parliaments Army were so neer it having been spread abroad among them that they were gone for security into the Association So that the Convoy of Horse being come from Oxford they speedily resolved to march to Pomfret thinking that Sir Tho. Fairfax would not follow them or if he did they should fight him with more advantage Hereupon the Parliaments Drums and Trumpets began to sound and a strong party of Horse was sent under Colonel Ireton to fall upon the flank of the Kings Army if he should see cause and the main Body came that night to Gilling the Kings Head-Quarters being at Naseby which Ireton Alarm'd so that the King not having notice of it till eleven a Clock at night as he had little imagined the nearness of an Army or that they durst bear up to him much amazed left his own quarters at that unseasonable time and for security went to Harborough where Prince Rupert and the Van of the Army quartered and as soon as he came thither sent to call up his Nephew resting himself in a Chair in a low room In the mean time a Council of War was also presently summoned where it was resolved that seeing there was no bringing off the Rear if they should march further for Leicester but that the whole Army would be put in hazard they should give the enemy battel relying upon the valour of the Infantry and in a bravery to march back and find him out But this was more the Kings unhappy resolution than his Commanders who would have avoyded fighting till General Goring were joyned with them On Saturday Iune the 14 a day fatal to the King the Parliamentarians advanced by three a
clock in the morning to retard the Royalists March with their Horse By five a clock they Rendezvouzed neer Naseby and immediately great bodies of the Kings Horse were discerned on the top of the hill short of Harborough which shewed that he intended not to draw away but that he would come forward and engage them on the ground where they stood which they presently took the best advantage of possessing the edge of a hill from which they afterwards retreated 100 paces that the Kings Army marching upon plain ground might not well discern in what form their Battel was drawn nor see any confusion therein The King being falsly informed that the Parliaments Army was drawing off in haste and flying to Northampton marched on with the greater precipitancy leaving many of his Ordnance behind him The place of the fight was a large fallow-field on the Northwest-side of Naseby flanked on the left with a hedge which was lined with Dragoons to prevent the annoying of the left flank of the Parliaments Army that was drawn up in this posture Leiutenant-General Cromwel commanded the right Wing of Horse wherein were five Regiments and the addition of Colonel Rossiters Troops who was newly come when the fight began and took his post there Commissary-General Ireton commanded the left Wing of Horse and Dragoons and the General and Major-General Skippon the main Battel of Foot Both the Wings of Horse charged together upon the King 's who were drawn in the same Order and marched swiftly but very regularly upon the Enemy Colonel Whaley being in the right Wing charged first two Divisions of Horse of the Kings left Wing commanded by the Lord Langdale who made a gallant resistance firing at a very close charge and came to the Sword but were by force Routed and driven back to Prince Ruperts Regiment being the Reserve of the Kings Foot But the whole Right Wing of the Parliaments advancing which was with some difficulty by reason of a Coney-warren they passed they were totally routed after a Rally made and put to flight from which they never returned to their ground again so that in this part there was an absolute Conquest The success of the left Wing which charged the right Wing of the Kings was quite contrary Prince Rupert commanding it according to his wonted custome charged furiously and broke in upon and routed the three rightmost Divisions of that left Wing which was also distressed by a Brigade of the Kings Foot in which Ireton himself charged and therein being run through the Thigh with a Pike and into the face with a Halbert was taken Prisoner and kept so till the battel and fortune of the day changing he changed his condition giving his Keeper that liberty which he timely offered and came over to Sir Thomas Fairfax The left Wing being thus routed Prince Rupert pursued his advantage and success almost to Naseby-Town in his return summoning the Train and offering them Quarter who instead of accepting it fired lustily upon him who despairing of forcing it being well guarded by Fire-locks and perceiving the Success of the right Wing of Horse retreated in great hast to the rescue of his friends whom he found in such general distress that instead of attempting any thing in their Relief being close followed in the Rear by the Parliaments Horse of both Wings who were joyned he stopped not until he came to the ground where the King was rallying his broken Forces himself in person In the main Battel the Kings Regiment Sir Bernard Ashley's and Sir George Lisle's Tertia's stood manfully to it their Horse being in the Rear of them but could no way assist them being kept from it by part of the Enemies Horse who kept them in action the other part fell in with their own Foot and joyntly poured their whole strength upon the Kings Infantry which now except one Tertia were all at mercy the Reserves being likewise routed This standing parcel of Foot Cromwel endeavoured to break with his Horse attempting them in Flank Front and Rear but in vain till the Generals own Regiment of Foot came up and fell in with the butt-end of their Musquets the Horse Charging them at the same time and so trampled them down The King had now nothing in the Field but his Horse where he himself was which he had put in as good order as the time and the near pressing of the Enemy would permit which Fairfax perceiving he resolved to stay for his Foot who were a quarter of a mile behind him that he might not put the day in hazard again As soon as they came up the Horse opened at great distance to receive their Foot in the midst of them and stood again in the same form of Battalia as before the commencement of the Fight having not onely the advantage of ground but the Kings Artillery who besides had no Foot to entertain the levelled Volleys against his Cavalry During this respite the Dragoons of Fairfax under Colonel Okey advanced a person miserable by nothing more than his valour which betrayed him to the Artifices of Cromwel in the matter of the King and with notable courage and smartness fired upon the Kings Troops his Majesty now discharging the part of a Souldier animating his men to a second round Charge upon the Horse opposite to him not yet secured by their Infantry but they soon appearing the gallantry of that resolution was lost and the danger and despair of doing any good by any further resistance prevailed against the Kings entreaties and indeed against the reasonableness of the attempt For who can but expostulate the misery of this day the Troops of those calamities that broke in upon the Kingdom sadly upbraiding the relasch and weakness of that Cavalry which might by a generous Bravery have saved themselves their honour the King and the Kingdom and which is more the innocence of the Nation But the Justice and over-ruling Wisdom of Almighty God vouchsafed not his assistance and favour to those Arms reserving the Honour and Reputation of the Cause they defended to his unquestionable all-puissant Arm that it might hereafter be transcribed to posterity from the visible and glorious manifestations of Digitus Dei Read then and peruse with thine eyes O guiltless Posterity the Fates of the flying Royalists on whom for fourteen miles the despicable condition of the Enemy but that morning proving the most potent and formidable strength the Parliamentarians did Execution no parties of them making any notable resistance but were freed from the extremity of the pursuit more by the tire of their enemies Horse than by the celerity of their own The Prisoners taken at this fight were 6 Colonels Commissioned and Reformadoes 8 Lieutenant-Colonels 18 Majors 70 Captains 8 Lieutenants 80 Ensignes 200 other inferiour Officers besides 4 of the Kings Footmen 13 of his houshold 12 pieces of Ordnance 8000 Arms 40 barrels of Powder 200 Carriages all
Dragoons with him and the place Tenable and Prince Rupert was also on his way to relieve it from Bristol with 1500 Horse and Foot but Okey's Dragoons creeping on their bellies over the Bridge to the Gate which they fired made the Governour surrender Iuly the 29. upon Articles To return to Sherburn-Castle there Sir Lewes Dives was Governour who made a most notable defence which for the honour of that noble Knight who so constantly and through so many hazards adhered to the King and because this was a place of remarque and the first that endured a formal siege in the beginning of the War shall be more largely spoken of A Hay-stack August the fifth at night within a stones throw of the Works was gained a Storm was then resolved on but afterwards deferred and Battery and Approaches pitcht upon together with Mining for that the ground wherein the Castle stood was minable Much hurt was done out of the Castle by Birding-peices by very skilful Marks-men several Officers and Gunners being killed by such shot Both Mines and Galleries were now made every worker being rewarded with twelve pence a day and twelve pence a night so hazardous was the service and then a second Summons was sent in with an offer from the General that the Ladies and Women might depart Sir Lewis acknowledged that civility but contemned the peremptoriness of the demand The Miners were got within two yards of the Wall where the Rock appearing they began to doubt of any effect but it proving but a soft stone on the 14 of August the great Guns played and had made a Breach by the evening in the middle of the Wall so that ten a breast might enter and one of the Towers was beaten down when the Parliament-Souldiers were so venturous as for six pence a Bullet to fetch off all the Cannon-shot that rebounded from the Castle of which there was great scarcity A third Summons was now sent in to deliver the Castle or expect extremity to which Sir Lewis told the Drum that he would hang him That the language was so far different from what he had formerly received that he could not believe it came from the same hand That whatever happened he would not lose his honour to save his life which he should think well bestowed in the service The Mine being now ready to spring a general Assault was resolved on the Gallery being advanced so neer the Works that the Souldiers pulled the Wool out of the Woolsacks from the besieged who made fires all night to discover the Mines and Approaches Two of the Towers were also gained and with that encouragement the Assaylants without order improved it forcing them within from their Guns which they had planted to oppose their entrance at the Breach so that presently they were forced to quit the great Court within the Castle Which so disheartned them that the Besiegers hastily and before the time appointed leapt over the Works and so into the Castle which was followed by the whole Army who presently possessed themselves of it and plundered it sufficiently stripping every person within it but because of the little opposition they found giving indifferent good quarter Sir Lewis was taken Prisoner and kept so a long while in the Tower till after the death of the King being designed for the slaughter also he made an escape from his Keeper at White-hall whither he was brought to be examined and soon after did notable service in Ireland for his present Majesty There were taken also 400 Prisoners Colonel Giles Strangeways Sir William Walcot Colonel Thornhil and the Clubmen of the parts adjacent fully quieted by the loss of this place their Leaders being sent Prisoners with those of Sherburn The next place designed as a further Trophee of the Parliaments victorious Army after some dispute because Plymouth was straightly beset and in the same plight now as Taunton formerly was Bristol In the march of the Army thither Colonel Rainsborough took in Nunny-Castle the 21 of August upon condition of liberty to go to their own houses Commissary-General Ireton was first sent with 2000 Horse to secure the Villages and Towns adjacent to Bristol from being fired by the Royalists in that City which because of its importance being justly reckoned in the first rank of populous Cities of the Kingdom and the onely considerable part the King had for Shipping Trade and Riches and lay advantagious for supplies from Ireland was thought necessary to be reduced and the danger of leaving so considerable a strength of 3000 Horse and Foot as Prince Rupert could make in the field and leave a sufficient Garrison besides was no inconsiderable motive to the attempt At the setting down of the Army several Salleys were made with different success Sir Bernard Ashley mortally wounded and taken under the Walls when on the fourth of September a Summons was sent in unto Prince Rupert which for its extraordinary civility and stile and that seeming reverence it bears for here the game began this being the first tast of this Model and drawn by Ireton is very delightful to insert For his Highness Prince Rupert SIR FOr the service of the Parliament I have brought their Army before the City of Bristol and do Summon you in their Names to render it with all the Forts belonging to the same into my hands for their use Having used this plain language as the business requires I wish it may be as effectual unto you as it is satisfactory to my self that I do a little expostulate with you about the Surrender of the same which I confess is a way not common and which I should not have used but in respect to such a person and such a place I take into consideration your Royal Birth and Relation to the Crown of England your Honour Courage the vertues of your person and the strength of that place which you may think your self bound and able to maintain Sir the Crown of England is and will be where it ought to be we fight to maintain it there but the King misled by evil Counsellours or through a seduced heart hath left his Parliament under God the best assurance of his Crown and Family the maintaining of this Schism is the ground of this unhaâ—pie War on your part and what sad effects it hath produced in the three Kingdoms is visible to all men To maintain the rights of the Crown and Kingdom joyntly a principal part thereof is that the King in Supream Acts is not to be advised by men of whom the Law takes no notice but by his Parliament the great Council of the Kingdom in whom as much as man is capable of he hears all his people as it were at once advising him and in which multitude of Counsellours lies his safety and his peoples Interest And to see him right in this hath been the constant and faithful endeavours of the Parliament and to bring those
Princes intreaty for his Foot to secure them in their way which in all amounted to 1500 and the Horse to near half as many and were exactly to their Conditions convoyed to the City aforesaid the General waiting upon the Prince two miles out of Bristol After this Rendition the General thought it not fit to reside at Bristol because of the Plague that was rife in the City It seems that infection hath an antidote against its communicableness in right and Battel and onely kills in peace To God orders it that two such devourers should not at one time be entertained together nor was it ever known that two contrary Armies were at the same time though never so neer one another afflicted with the same Contagion The General therefore to avoid the after-clap removed to Bath to intend his health and repose in that salubrious place assigning the Army their refreshments against a March further Westward where it is now time to leave them to their surfetting sweets of Conquest We will now therefore travel on with this discourse Northward where the Town and Castle of Scarborough so gallantly defended for a long time against several Commanders and lately against Sir Iohn Mâ—ldrum the Scot of whom before at Newark who laid his bones under the Walls thereof was now freshly and more vigorously besieged by Sir Matthew Boynton in his place to whom after a long and tedious leaguering the Garrison worn out by sickness many slain and no hopes of relief and the North possessed by the Scots and Parliament the valiant Loyal Governour Sir Hugh Cholmly delivered it after a long Treaty upon very honourable Conditions Raby-Castle suffered the like fate and had the like Articles and Skipton and Sandal-Castle did afterwards the same and the Castle of Pomfret some time before to General Poyntz the Garrison marching to Newark The Scots with much intreaty and more money were now prevailed with to march Southward and in the way took Canon-Froom a strong Garrison by Storm On the 15 of August they sate down before Hereford having made miserable spoil in their march which they hoped to compleat at this City against which they proceeded in all hostile manner by Mines Batteries and Assaults but all to no purpose more than the perswasion Summons and inducement from the oppressed Country some Gentlemen whereof were wrought upon to request Sir Barnabas Scudamore to deliver the Town to their burdensome guests the Scots and so deliver them from their present charge and oppression A great number of men they lost here daily being rejected with scorn upon all their Summons and at last hearing of the Kings approach who was come from Oxford that way they raised their shameful Siege and by the way of Gloucester departed to Warwick and so Northward again to the hissing and laughter of the people through whom they passed But now to a more sorrowful business the distracted unpleasant progress of the King The King after his defeat at Naseby had fled towards Wales with an intention to recruit but the necessity of his affairs requiring no long stay thereabout he posted back again his Armies being thus bestowed The Lord Hopton and the Prince neer Exeter Sir Richard Greenvile about Southam Goring at Okington and Prince Maurice at Worcester and the King with a flying Army every where The first account of his actions was from Bewdley whither he advanced from Litchfield where he Encountred some of the Scots Horse and Dragoons and worsted them then he passed to Sedbury and Ashburn in Derby-shire and Skirmishes with Sir Iohn Gell and defeated his party and on the 16 of August came to Welbeck-house belonging to the Marquess of Newcastle in Nottingham-shire Here he stayed not long but made all the hast he could being at liberty to go whither he would but of no strength to make use of and enjoy it like Consumptive bodies whose Legs do last of all fail them into the Association His Marches were so volatile uncertain and swift that no preparatory resistance could be made so that he mastered where e're he came Alarming his Enemies every where who while they consult to joyn Forces are forced to dis-joyn those they have together to meet with every emergency his nimble Troops occasioned In this manner he surprized Huntingdon-Town which he entred on Sunday after Noon in Service-time with some little opposition made against him at the Bridge where he slew the Captain and Lieutenant that maintained it with most of the Souldiers and put the Town to ransome August 24. From thence he marched with the like expedition and celerity faced the Town and University of Cambridge but out of his favourable regard to that place departed as suddenly but yet the fright of his Coming had driven the most factious out of Colledges and Town while his Majesty contented himself with casting a benevolent look upon that Nursery that had been Planet-strook with the astonishing seizures of the Rebellion His next Stage was Ouburn having by the way fined St. Ives in 500 pound and good reason of State there was for this manner of Tax in such places as the Association which had so largely contributed to the Rebellion and so far assisted and maintained it free besides from the burthen of the War and the great Bulwark as London was the Castle and Magazine of the Parliaments Cause His next remove was to Doncaster the way he took for Oxford whither he came on the 28 of August At his first arrival he found his Court much altered some of the Nobility besides others very Right Honourably run away to the Parliament being thereto allured by the late Propositions of Peace which the House after much importunity vouchsafed his Majesty which imported in one clause that all such as would come in should be received upon payment of the tenth part of their Estates which for the richer sort signified to be clapt in Prison and received into custody but yet this stratagem mainly helped forward the sinking of the Royal Cause which having no Arms to protect it self fell thus into the treacherous embraces of its enemies For while they adventured rashly upon the security of the Propositions they found themselves mistaken upon the Preliminary and stumbled at the threshold not having obtained Passes for their access to the Parliaments Quarters which error being rectified at last the two Houses enhanced that commodity such a quick Trade there was of the same that Composition could not be had at the first rate the Publiâ—ue Faith being alike good and of the same value in taking from Friends and Enemies for now the expiatory money of their Loyalty was come to the Fifth part and a time limited for that favour too if men made not extraordinary hast to undo themselves and their Families to save a little bread and salt the remainders of some fair Estates Oh unfortunate Allegiance and Duty These heavy misfortunes both of publique
and private concernment the King not able or unwilling to be enured to by a constant sight of them departed with his flying Army towards Wales again intending for the relief of Chester with this purpose on the 19 of September he came to Ludlow and there understood that General Pointz out of the North was dogging him at the heels being thereto appointed by the Committee of both Kingdoms expecting an advantagious juncture of time and place to fight him which upon the Kings neer advance to Chester offered it self It was fore-thought that his design was there and therefore it was agreed by the besiegers and Poyntz that as soon as the King should approach he should instantly engage and upon signal accorded on they should draw off leaving a convenient force to make good the Leaguer and joyn with him in the fight At Routon-heath within two miles of Chester the King made a halt to give notice to the besieged likewise when Poyntz desperately fell on and being far engaged was presently worsted and beaten the Kings Horse which was all his strength fighting couragiously but while he was Rallying again in the very nick of a compleat Victory to the King which had disowned and forsook him in come his Reserves commanded by Colonel Iones and Louthian with neer 1000 Horse and Foot which gave so much encouragement to Poyntz broken Forces that they returned to another Charge While the King was a musing what to do being beset in Front and Rear in fine he made another brave Charge where though he had the worst yet he made thereby his Retreat good in part though in some disorder and with loss particularly of that thrice-Noble Lord Bernard Stuart Earl of Litchfield the last of the three Illustrious Brothers of the Duke of Richmond late deceased and so got into Chester with the remains of his Army where there was no safety for him to continue but upon advice it was held expedient to depart again for Wales of the fixed affection of which people the King had had constant experience After so many disasters upon the neck of one another yet did not the King despair of his Arms nor with pusillanimity give himself over to the complaints of his hard Fortune Though he had lost Armies in the field and Fortresses and Cities in every Corner of the Kingdome yet was he inexpugnable and invincible in his own mind and in the Loyal affection and constant sincerity of his Friends and good Subjects whose firm adherence till he totally disarmed them himself by his express command and Gods Soveraign assistance and strengthning of him within when there was no help from without was admirable and more admirably improved in his Meditations on this subject FRom small beginnings on my part he let me see that I was not wholly forsaken by my peoples love or his protection My sins sometimes prevailed against the justice of my Cause and those that were with me wanted not matter and occasion for his just chastisement both of them and me Nor were mine enemies less punished by that prosperity which hardned them to contrive that Injustice by open Hostility which was begun by most riotous and Vnparliamentary Tumults I never had any Victory which was without my sorrow because it was on mine own Subjects who like Absalom died many in their sin And I never suffered any defeat which made me despair of Gods mercy and defence When Providence gave me or denyed me vitory my desire was neither to boast of my power nor charge God foolishly whom I beleived at last would make all things work together for my good I wished no greater advantages by the War than to bring my Enemies to moderation and my Friends to peace I was affraid of the temptation of an absolute Conquest and never prayed more for Victory over others than over my self When the first was denyed the second was granted me which God saw best for me For notwithstanding these sad losses so thick together the King by moving up and down recollecting the scatterings of several parties had gotten together a good body of Horse with which on the 10 of October he marched to Texford thence to Welbeck and quartered part of his Army at Blits the 13 day and rendezvoused the 14 at Walsop where to answer the instant request of the Marquess of Montross who was deâ—â—ated as beforesaid at Philipshaugh for some assistance in Horse he divided his Army and appointed Sir Marmaduke Langdale and the Lord Digdy to march Northwards and with all convenient speed to joyn with the said Marquess This they attempted while the King went for Newark taking such a way as amazed the Parliaments Forces whither they were designed or how they should way-lay them and intercept their passage About Sherburn they wheeled off and beat up a guard intending to rendezvous at Bramton-Brierly the whole number of their Horse amounting to neer 1600. At this Camisade they surprised at Sherborn and Mylford 800 Foot and disabled Colonel Wren's Regiment of Horse All their Arms they endeavoured to have carried off laying them in heaps on the street till they could get Carriages to convey them away While they were providing Colonel Copley and Colonel Lilburn who had attended their Motion fell upon them with the like number of fresh Horse and after a sharp dispute where Copley's Regiment were first defeated the Royalists were forced to give back and so fled Northwards the enemy recovering all their Arms and Prisoners took 400 of them Prisoners among the slain was Sir Francis Carnaby and Sir Richard Hutton with 40 more the Countess of Niddisdale and four or five Colonels twelve Captains and Officers and the best prize of all was the Lord Digby's Coach wherein besides the rich spoil were also the Trophees of other mens shame private Letters of the King 's which were published with those taken at Naseby to the great scandal of all ingenuous and civil people But as the War began with Tumults so it was to be ended with worse indignities those base and Vulgar Prostitutions The Lord Digby was met and routed again at Carlisle-Sands and from thence with 20 men got to the Isle of Man and so to the Marquess of Ormond in Ireland The King was at Newark where a dissention happned concerning this very misfortune as if it had not been calamitous enough it self while the King and the Lord Bellasis then Governour of that Town sided with the reputation of the Lord Digby against the imputation with which the two Princes Rupert and Maurice the Lord Gerrard Sir Richard Willis formerly Governour of the same charged him as disloyal and treacherous For upon tâ—â—s difference which was grown to a quarrel the Lord Gerrard and Sir Richard Willis with some hundreds more withdrew themselves in a discontent and laid down their Commissions and the two Princes as they were coming to take their leave of the King in the same mood were treating
contributing any remedy to the evils will not complain of their neglect of him and delays of Answer but sends these Propositions this way which he intended by the forementioned persons For conceiving that the former Treaties hitherto proved ineffectual chiefly for want of power in those persons that treated as likewise because those from whom their power was derived not possibly having the particular information of every several debate could not give so clear a judgment as was requisite in so important a business his Majesty therefore desires that he may have the engagement of the two Houses at Westminster the Commissioners of the Parliament of Scotland the Mayor Aldermen and Common-Council and Militia of London of the chief Commanders in Sir Thomas Fairfax his Army for his Majesties free and safe coming to and abode in London or Westminster with such of his Servants and Train not exceeding the number of three hundred for the space of forty days and after the same time for his free and safe repair to any of his Garrisons Oxford Newark Worcester c. which he shall appoint there to have a Personal Treaty with his two Houses to begin with the three heads which were Treated on at Oxford And for the better ingredience and expedition thereto will commit the great trust of the Militia for seven years into the hands of a mixt number of his own and their party and calls God to witness of his sincere intentions to Peace and adjures them likewise to the same To this he is instant with them for an answer and for the facilitating of the way to a Treaty and their better inducement without any expostulation which he says he purposely forbears he adds now more particularly and to the respective interests That upon his repair to Westminster he doubts not but so to joyn his indeavours with his two Houses of Parliament as to give just satisfaction not onely concerning the business of Ireland but also for the setling a way for the payment of publique debts as well to the Scots as to the City of London and others and resumes his desire afresh for a Personal Treaty and that they would accept of his former offers But the House of Commons resolved to keep to their first Answer not to treat but to send Propositions the main whereof was an absolute avoydance of the Kings concession as to the Militia which they would have solely vested in themselves and no other And to give colour to this unreasonable stifness and to obstruct a Personal Treaty they Vote how great danger there is already to the Parliament and City in the resort of so many Cavaliers to London and thereupon an Ordinance is made anew setling the Militia thereof and requiring them to provide for the safety of the City and to search for Delinquents and to expel them the Lines of Communication and then on the 14 of Ianuary returned his Majesty this Answer They repeated the innocent blood spilt by his Majesties Command and Commission Irish Rebels brought over and more with Forraign Forces on coming the Prince of Wales heading an Army in the West and Garrisons kept against them and Forces likewise in Arms for him in Scotland That for that reason until satisfacton and security be given unto both Kingdoms his coming cannot be convenient nor do they conceive it can be any way conducing to Peace that his Majesty should come to his Parliament for a few days with thoughts of leaving it especially with intentions of returning to Hostility against it And do note likewise that his Majesty desires not onely the engagement of the Parliament but of the Lord Mayor and the Officers of the Army and the Scotch Commissioners which is against the honour and priviledges of Parliament those being joyned with them who are subject and subordinate to their Authority They insist upon their Propositions as the safest and surest way to settle Peace as well in England as in Scotland of which Kingdom in his Letters he makes no mention In proceeding according to these just and necessary grounds for the putting an end to the bleeding calamities of these Nations his Majesty shall have the glory to be the principal instrument in so happy a work and they however misinterpreted shall approve themselves to God and man But what Before this came to hand the King sends another Message to know the reason of the detention of his Trumpet and farther offers the free and publique use of the Directory as commanded by the Parliament and then practised in some parts of the City of London to such as shall desire it and testifies to God and the World who they are that not only hinder but reject this Kingdoms future happiness it being so much the stranger that his Majesties coming to Westminster which was the first and greatest pretence of taking up Arms should be so much as delayed much less not accepted or refused But his Majesty hopes that God will no longer suffer the malice of wicked men to hinder the Peace of his too much afflicted Kingdoms From Oxford Ianuary 15. In the mean while some Papers concerning the Kings Transactions about a Peace in Ireland were published on purpose by the Parliament to cast a scruple into the minds of men as if while the King Treated he meant a new War by Ayds from thence and so to prejudice him in his peoples minds who began to murmur at the averseness and delays of the Parliament which news coming to the Kings ears he sends them a stinging and sharp Message which was the next day after he had received their Answer His Majesty thinks not fit to Answer those aspersions which are returned as Arguments for his not admittance to Westminster to a Personal Treaty because it would enforce a stile not sutable to his end being the peace of these miserable Kingdoms yet thus much he cannot but say to Those that have sent him this Answer That if they had considered what they had done themselves in occasioning the sheding of so much inocent blood by withdrawing themselves from their duty to him in a time when he had granted so much to his Subjects and in violating the known Laws of the Kingdom to draw an exorbitant power to themselves over their fellow-Subjects to say no more to do as they have done they could not have given such a false Character of his Majesties Actions That his Majesty with impatient expectation requires their Answer to his desire of a Personal Treaty as the onely expedient For certainly no rational man can think their last Paper can be an Answer to his former Demands the scope of it being That because there is a War therefore there should be no Treaty for Peace And is it possible to expect that the Propositions mentioned should be the ground of a lasting Peace when the persons that send them will not endure to hear their own King speak But what ever his success this way hath
the life of his Martyred Majesty exempting from pardon all such as had proved themselves zealous and stout asserters of the King and his Cause Sequestrations Bonds Fines and Securities abiding the rest as to the King himself they had left him nothing but the name and Title of Regality the honour and support thereof being quite taken away The rest of them were private reserves and advantages for themselves and their partisans and some relating to the Kingdom of Ireland such an unreasonable miscellany that the Scots for pretence of honour could not digest them but scrupled at most of them as they were framed at Westminster for some of the reasons afore mentioned but swallowed then and were satisfied at their delivery at Newcastle by the Solution of Two hundred thousand pounds when in a peremptory manner as will presently be related they told him he must assent At the delivery of those Propositions on the 23 Iuly the King asked the Commissioners if they had power to Treat who replyed No then said the King Saving the honour of the business an honest Trumpeter might have done as much I hope you expect not a present Answer to this high concernment To which they answered that their time was limited to ten days By which time the King having viewed them declined them altogether though hardly be laboured and sollicited on all hands to comply with them and put into the Commissioners hands a Paper containing offers of coming to London to Treat there which they nevertheless excused themselves from sending to the Parliament whereupon the King sent this Answer to the two Houses by a Messenger of his own The Propositions tendered to his Majesty by the Commissioners c. to which the Parliament have taken up twice so many moneths for deliberation as they have assigned days for his Majesties Answer do import so great alterations of Government both in Church and Kingdom as it is very difficult to return a particular and positive Answer before the explanations true sense and right reason thereof be understood and that his Majesty upon a full view of the whole Propositions may know what is left as well as what is taken away or changed In all which he finds that the Commissioners are in no capacity to Treat with him That it is impossible for him to give such a present judgment of and answer to the Propositions whereby he shall be able to answer to God that a safe and well-grounded Peace will ensue and therefore desires to come to London upon the security of Parliament and Scotch Commissioners where by his personal presence he may not onely raise a mutual confidence betwixt him and his people but also have those doubts cleared and difficulties explayned unto him which he now conceives destructive to his Royal power if he shall give a full consent as they now stand as likewise to make known unto them his reasonable demands which he is assured will be conducible to Peace c. and will be there ready to give his assent to all Bills for the security and stability thereof not having regard to his own particular Conjuring them as Christians as Subjects and as men who desire to leave a good name behind them that they will so receive and make use of this Answer that all Issues may be stopped and these unhappy distractions peaceably settled And postscribes that upon such assurance of agreement he will immediately send for the Prince his Son not doubting of his perfect obedience to return into this Kingdom This Answer had a various reception in the House of Commons it startled the Presbyterians as who found it difficult to effect their purposes otherwise than by and with the King it tickled the Independents who did all they could by thrusting in harsh words and terms to make the King indisposed and averse to all Both became very sensible the King was not the man they took him for but a Prince of prudence and resolution no evil Counsellors being to be taxed with the penning of this as their custom was except Duke Hamilton and his Brother the Earl of Lanerick both of whom were very industrious in perswading his Majesty to consent nay even better friends than they to the King who feared this peremptoriness of the Parliament would grow to somwhat worser were almost of the same mind as far as preferring the safety of his life would indulge such thoughts whom the Presbyterians saw there was no way but by strict and undutiful restraint to bend to their will and the Independents by treachery and barbarous villanies to break and utterly to destroy Most highly incensed therefore was the Parliament at this refusal of those means which they said their most elaborate prudence and diligent ponderation of every circumstance after so long a time conducing to the King and Kingdoms happiness had prepared and digested to such an equal temperament of the rights of the King and the people The King was scandalized and reported every where as obstinate and perverse while nothing but the ipse dixit of the equity justice or reasonableness of their Propositions was produced nor was the Kingdom at all satisfied with their shallow suggestions But this served the turn with those who were glad it should be so and gratified the Rabble and the Army who fearful of a disappointment of their shares in the Ruine of the Kingdom the hopes whereof had so long flattered them more especially by the better perswasions and irresistible Arguments of money they suspecting the Issue some while before prevailed upon the Scots reason and faith and honesty to Boot who were so clearly convinced of the Kings refractoriness to the Counsel of his Parliament in denying those Propositions that they would nor could no longer maintain nor abet such his persistency therein but would leave him to the disposal of his English Parliament having first procured from him an Order and severe Injunction to the Marquess of Montross to lay down Arms though in a probable condition of recovering his late Defeat and to accept such Conditions as he could procure for him which indeed were mean and full of secret fraud and revenge against that Noble and famous Captain He was forced in the disguise of his Captains habit at his prefixed time to put himself on board an old and leaky vessel designed for him by the Estates of Scotland but pretending want of Victual and other necessaries while the time of his embarquing and set sail for Norway where it pleased God he arrived in safety and after traversed much ground solliciting the Kings cause in several forain Courts where he refused all imployments intent onely upon his Majesties affairs and at last betook himself to the Court of King Charles the second but of that and what afterwards happened to this illustrious Heroe there is yet room for another Memento The Scotch Compact being concluded the Earl of Lowdon very fairly tells the King still at
Cromwel and his Complices and out of commiseration to those Noble persons that suffered this persecution who though perhaps the Commonwealth may recover this loss by timely recruits of Literature do no doubt irremediably rue this their violent Revulsion out of that Bosome where they might and ought to have been cherished to a competent vigour enabling them to serve the Commonwealth and their own thus enforced necessities Sed quo vehor By these and the like distempers and pains in every part of it England began now to be Heart-sick and those ambulatory running Humours which spread through the whole mass of the people to Center at last in the Metropolis the City of London which had more successfully broke out but for the opposition it met with from the then Lord Mayor Alderman Warner Pennington's own second a Factious and Seditious person who discountenanced it by the Authority of his place appearing at the first hubbub thereof openly against it The manner was as followeth On the 9 of April being the Lords-day a number of Apprentices as was usual were playing in Moor-fields in the afternoon for the Parliament had abrogated all Hâ—lydays and by a venerable Order had appointed one day in every Month for their Recreation in lieu of those Festivals after much coil and many elaborate Petitions and reference to and reports from Committees of both Houses concerning them which being told to a Company of Trained-Bands then upon the Guards whose Officers were some precise Schismaticks they came into the Fields and commanded them to depart which they refusing or delaying they fired some Pieces at them whereupon the Boys incensed took up Stones and couragiously fell upon them and routed them taking from them their Ensign which in a tumultuous and childish bravery they marched with into the City and being increased with additions like themselves affronted the Mayor and made him hastily retire to his own House for Sanctuary whither they followed him and seized on one of the Drakes he had planted for his defence and thence marched to the several Gates which they likewise secured more especially Ludgate which lay neerest their Enemy the Army who were then quartered at White-Hall and the Mews they guarded with the same Drake The City remaining the rest of that day and night in great terrour and confusion the Rabblé crying out for God and King Charles but no Person of Quality undertaking their Conduct or to bring them into Order and Discipline In the mean while the Army-Guards take the Alarm and conceiving it dangerous to venture into the City by night kept themselves in a readiness for the morning when Sir Thomas Fairfax himself entred by Aldersgate with Horse and Foot who fell a scouring the Streets and driving this unarmed and ungoverned Multitude before them wounding and killing divers innocent persons Men Women and Children in a cruel and hostile manner until they came to Leaden-hall where the Apprentices entred and endeavoured to maintain it But the avenues thereof being found defenceless and themselves not strong enough besides want of necessaries requisite thereunto they wisely and more prudently than any thing they did before slipt away and shifted for themselves few or none falling into the Armies hand but some upon enquiry afterward in the beginning of the Commonwealth were discovered and arrained of High Treason for levying War c. Two of whom a Vintner and a Meal-man Kensey and Matthews were convicted and condemned but by the mediation of Alderman Tichborn one of the best deeds likewise he ever did were reprieved and by the same means at last pardoned and assumed by him for a demonstration of his goodness to be the guard to his person on publike Trayning days This Insurrection or Riot rather was quickly noised to the uttermost parts of the Nation where it was reported and received with great advantage as we usually fancy and credit what we expect to the encouraging of all honest people to rise now and follow this example and redeem and rescue their Religion Laws Lives and Liberties now at stake for neither the several nor united practices of Parliament and Army Presbyterian nor Independents could impose upon them any longer Nor was there an easie belief given to this check of that Tumult but was supposed an Artifice and one of their old Lies with which they stuffed their News-Books since the whole Nation saw how they had irritated the City by their insolent carriage towards them in changing their Militia c. so that it was undoubtable they would embrace and improve the first opportunity Whereupon as the next Scene of this years Tragedy Colonel Laughorn Poyer and Powel who had done notable service for the Parliament in Wales rose in Pembroke-shire and Flint-shire to neer the number of 8000 men They had been by the Council of the Army which was Authorized always by the Parliament ordered to disband as being men of better and surer principles than they durst confide in in order to their subsequent designs which they understanding the drift of refused and flew to their Arms and for the strengthening of their Party Declare for the settlement of the King and Kingdom and gave notice to the Prince who then issued out Commissions as General for his Father of their intentions and present posture having secured â—enby-Castle and the Town and Castle of Pembroke to the same end This sudden and threatning defection put the Juncto at Derby-house to their dumps when another Express brought news that the like effects were to be looked for from North-Wales where Sir Iohn Owen was risen with a Force and had defâ—ated and taken Prisoner the High-Sheriff that opposed him and that Sir Nicholas Kemish an eminent Cavalier had likewise surprized Chepstow-Castle so thaâ— all Wales was like to be lost without a blow strucken from the late Conquerors who therefore hastened away Forces to re-establish their Dominion and suppress these dangerous beginnings Over these Colonel Horton was now Commissioned for the reducing those new and old Royalists Cromwel being if occasion should require preparing to second him Horton with the Stafford and Worcester-Forces and part of the Army quartering thereabouts advanceth against Laughorne his whole power consisting of not above 3000 men with whom making more hast than good speed a party thereof being under the Command of Colonel Fleming fell unawares into an Ambuscado and were most of them cut off the rest sheltring themselves in a neighbouring Church were forced to render at discretion which Fleming seeing and despairing that he should be able to answer this oversight at a Council of War or for some other cause laid violent hands upon himself and so dyed Horton no way daunted with this inauspicious entrance marched up and faced the Enemy who shewed themselves upon the hills and places of advantage making their Hubbubs to call the Country to their assistance In their descent whence into more even ground the Parliamentarians
and bring in the Fleet under his Command offering him those advantages and so obligingly inviting him to such just ends and purposes that of all the unhappinesses that befel that Nobleman as there were many in his Family and Relations afterwards this his refusal made the greatest breach of his Honour as appeared to him not long after this when he was ignominiously turned out as a dangerous person by his Masters and saw his onely Brother murdered by their Hands In the mean while of Warwick's preparation the Prince that he might not seem to be unactive and to have done nothing worthy his adventure and presence landed 500 men to the Relief of Sandwich Walmer and Deal-Castles besieged as abovesaid At Deal they were first opposed and though they did as much as possible could be expected from men yet were they finally vanquished by the unerring victorious hand of the Army-Forces whereupon instantly ensued the rendition of those Castles and the Prince without any other effect than a perswasive Letter sent to the House of Lords for the obtaining of a Personal Treaty with his Father which soon after ensued set sail for Goree in Holland where he Anchored his Ships Warwick vauntingly following him and demanding the States to thrust them out to Sea according to the laws thereof but the States were civiller and wiser Prince Rupert therefore was constituted Admiral thereof whose Navigation we shall in its place duely observe To prosecute and advantage the same Royal Interest another designe was laid in Surrey where neer Kingston appeared some 500 men under the Command of the Earl of Holland with the Duke of Buckingham the Lord Francis Villiers his Brother the young Earl of Peterburgh the Lord Petre and others but they no sooner rose but Colonel Rich and Major Gibbons were upon the back of them as they Rendâ—zvouz'd between Ewel and Nonsuch-Park Sir Michael Livesy joyned also with the other Parliament-Forces and presently attaqued these upstarts who had intended for Rygate but were compelled to steer their course for Kingston in the way whither they were all along skirmished for to preserve their few Foot they had placed before they were forced to march slowly In one of those onsets the nobly-spirited Lord Francis being too far engaged by his metalsom courage was taken Prisoner and refusing Rebels quarter was basely killed by a mean and rude hand with whose fall fell the courage of all the other For Holland having gotten the Town gave the Foot opportunity to shift for themselves and posted away with his Horse to St. Neots in Huntington-shire where the next day he and his Party was surprized by Colonel Scroops Regiment of Horse Colonel Dalbeir formerly a great Parliamentarian being slain in the defence of his quarters the Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Peterborough escaped into Lincoln-shire and so beyond Sea leaving their Estates to satisfie for their offence and the Earl of Holland was sent Prisoner to Warwick-Castle where he continued till he was removed to his Tryal and his Death To sum up all the disastrous events of this Second War as it was called though the mention and hopeful concerns of Peace should orderly and of right intervâ—ne a Personal Treaty being now Voted of which presently we must look Northwards where on the 13 of Iuly the Scotch Army after tedious debates and struglings with the Kirk and Presbyterian party of that Kingdom entred England bringing with them a Declaration containing these five points 1. That the King be forthwith brought to London to Treat in Person with the two Houses of Parliament 2. That all those who had a hand in or contrived the carrying of the King away from Holdenby be condignly punished 3. That the Army be disbanded 4. That Presbytery be setled 5. That the Members of Parliament who were forcibly secluded from the Houses may be reseated The third first and last being the very sense of the Essex Surrey Kent and London Petitions Of this Army Duke Hamilton lately freed from his Imprisonment by the Kings Commitment at Pendennis-Castle was made General which when the King first understood he sadly and prophetically foretold the fatal Issue of that Expedition reckoning him as an unfortunate if not a self-ended person as his Service in Germany in supply of the King of Sweden and in favour of the Prince Elector Palatine to the Ruine of many brave English Gentlemen did evidently declare Colonel Middleton afterwards Earl of Middleton His Majesties High Commissioner of Scotland was Major-General and the Earl of Calender Lieutenant-General It consisted of 15000 Horse and Foot effective and was increased by an addition of 3000 English under Sir Marmaduke after Lord Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave antient Families in those parts who had a while before surprized Carlile and Berwick neer the same time that Major Morris surprized Pomfret-Castle which Cromwel afterwards in his Northern march visited and took the Town thereof just upon the time of the Welch Insurrection For the Honour of another brave person we may not omit Colonel Wogan then a Captain in the Parliaments Army who perceiving the wicked designes of his party deserted them and being sent to oppose did joyn with this Scotch Army before their advance into England bringing a gallant Troop along with him He afterwards did the King eminent service in Scotland and Ireland of which hereafter This entire strength wandering by the way of Westmerland and Cumberland which affords a pleasant passage wherewith the Reader may be diverted one Colonel Stuart who was in this Expedition being afterwards set on the Stool of Repentance by the Kirk with others in the same Engagement and being asked gravely and severely by the Minister whether he was not convinced that by his Malignancy he went out of the way suddenly replied Yea for we went a wrong through Westmerland c. when we should have marcht for York and so to London an ominous presage besides the unluckiness of the General of their overthrow none of their Armies thriving that came that Road. Major-General Lambert made the first opposition but was beaten by the English and forced back to Appleby and so to a further retreat Sir Marmaduke taking in some small places of strength by the way until he joyned with Cromwel now come from Wales to whom the chiefty of that service was committed his whole strength amounting to 11000 most of them Horse and Dragoons At Preston in Lancashire both Armies faced one another and some two miles thence on a Moor on the East-side of the Town engaged the brunt of the fight continued but two hours nor had it endured so long but through the valour of the English Royalists on whom the stress lay The Scots Army was so ill ordered that they came not all to the Fight nor could relieve one another so that a general Rout ensued one part flying towards Lancaster who were pursued by Col. Twisleton and
drain the Fountain of his Masters life and Honour * Sir Iohn Bourchier another Yorkshire Knight an Independent Mercenary who from the Crisis of their prevalencie workt for them and that he might not be out of the way when occasion should serve them diligently dined at Hell and to compleat his work consented to this Murther * Col. Purefoy a Warwickshire Gentleman and Governour once of Coventry a great Zealot against Crosses and no less against Crowns He imbrued his hands in the Blood of his Prince but could not tell for the ease of his Conscience upon his death-bed how he should wipe them * Iohn Blakestone formerly a Shop-keeper in Newcastle where pretending himself a Presbyterian while the Scots were there he was chosen Burgess for that Town and jugling a while among the Independent Faction learnt a worse Trade and the wicked Craft of King-killing * Sir William Constable a Yorkshire-man one who sold his Lands to Sir Marmaduke after Lord Langdale in the beginning of our Troubles but when the said Lord was made a Delinquent regained them for nothing was a great Rumper and at their hand for this Parricide he died Governour of Gloucester and a great Commander in the North. * Richard Dean Colonel and General at Sea where he was slain by a Cannon-shot standing by the Renowned General Monk his Colleague This person was formerly a Hoymans servant in Ipswich and when the War began was a Matross in the Train of Artillery and role to a Captains Command therein and was famous first at the Siege of Exeter being a cross Fellow was thought fit to be one of Cromwels Complices to execute his Plots against his Sovereigns life * Francis Allen once a Gold-smith in Fleet-street where he leapt into a pretty Estate by marrying his Mistress was chose a Recruit of the Long Parliament and adhered to the Juncto for their admission of him was made one of the Treasurers at War a Customer and had Crone-house given him and held it in Capite Regis after that Murther was made one of the Committees for sale of his Majesties Lands c. * Peregrine Pelham a Yorkshire Tike not of the Sussex-Family a kind of Governour of Hull after Hotham the dutiful carriage of which place taught him afterwards this Trayterous deportment in the High Court of Justice * Iohn Moor formerly Colonel of the Guards and had the benefit of all Passes from London * Iohn Allured a Souldier of Fortune promoted for his hand in this Villany to be a Colonel died just before his Majesties Restitution * Humphry Edwards a Member of the Long-Parliament discontented against the King for being denied by him a Preferment he deserved not which rankled and feâ—red him into this malicious Parricide * Sir Gregory Norton a poor Knight one of the Pensioners to the King had Richmond-Mannor and House as good as given him for this Service against his good Master and Sovereign * Iohn Ven a broken Silk-man in Cheap-side made Governour of Windsor-Castle in the beginning of the War and had other profits and emoluments It is credibly reported that he hanged himself certain it is he died strangely and suddenly * Thomas Andrews a Linnen-draper in London afterwards a Treasurer for the Guild-hall Plate and Receiver for the Army he afterwards proclaimed the Act against Kingly Government and very narrowly prevented Justice * Anthony Stapely a Sussex Gentleman and Colonel and Governour of Chichester strangely wrought into this wicked Conspiracie * Thomas Horton a Recruit to the Long-Parliament of so mean and unknown a Quality before St. Fagons-Fight that that 's all the Character can be given him here * Iohn Fry another Recruit to the Long-Parliament a Yeoman and Committee-man of Dorsetshire he proved an Arrian in Print which Colonel Downs charged him with and so no wonder he that dar'd deny the Divinity of Christ was so cruelly Traiterous to the Majesty of his Prince * Thomas Hammond Son to Prince Henry's Physitian who most ungratefully and disloyally was the Kings Jaylor and verified that sad Presage and Oracle of the King That there are but few steps between the Prisons and Graves of Princes to the great trouble of his most Loyal and Learned Brother Dr. Henry Hammond the Kings beloved Chaplain * Isaack Pennington Lord Mayor of London two years together against the Kings express Command from Oxford a most implacable Rebel yet for all the spoil he got broke twice and hop'd to make good all by the death of his Sovereign since his Imprisonment he died in the Tower * Simon Meyne a Buckingham-shire-man of a good Estate but an illegal Recruit of the Long-Parliament a great Committee-man and Sequestrator of other mens Estates and being so initiated thought it no great matter to assist in this business of the Kings life since his Imprisonment he died in the Tower These of the Kings Iudges marked with ¶ are such as are in Prison in the Tower of London and elsewhere and are under Sentence of Death to be Executed at the pleasure of the King and Parliament ¶ Sir Hardress Waller a Souldier of Fortune once a Cavalier in Judgment then a Presbyterian upon the new Model an Independent where finding the uncontroulable sweetness of Pay and likeliness of greater Spoils he was hardned into this Conspiracie against the King and mastered his hopes of Wealth in Ireland being Major-General he was a prisoner in the Tower of London and confessed and deprecated his crime ¶ William Heveningham Esquire a Gentleman of the fairest Estate and as Gentile and Ancient a Family as any in Suffolk To keep ill Company is the way to be wicked Other causes and inducements to this horrid action are not publique and I will not dive further ¶ Col. Henry Marten Son of Sir Henry Marten Judge of the Perrogative-Court a most lewd vicious and infamous person who first spoke Treason against the King and his Family in the House of Commons and was in complement committed and suspended There was no question but he would act what he spoke when the power thereof was in his fellow-Traytors hands ¶ Owen Row a Silk-man of London a constant Commander in the Independent Militia thereof and so trained up to the perpetration of this wickedness ¶ Augustine Garland a Recruit of the Long-Parliament for the Borough of Quinborough in Kent in 1647. Chair-man of the Committee that drew up the pretended Act for the Kings Trial as rare a Blade as the worst of them at the spoil of the Kingdom a Lawyer and suspected to have spit in the Kings Face at his Trial. ¶ Henry Smith a Lawyer but a mean one of a fair Estate in Leicestershire 40 which was added as the hire of this villany a Six Clerks place in Cancery supposed to be drawn in and complicated in this Guilt ¶ Robert Titchbourn a Linnen-draper
Sir That which you now tender is to have another Iurisdiction and a co-ordinate Jurisdiction I know very well you express your self Sir that notwithstanding what you will offer to the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber you would nevertheless proceed on here Sir because you shall know the further pleasure of the Court upon that which you have moved the Court will withdraw for a time King Shall I withdraw President Sir you shall know the pleasure of the Court presently The Court withdrew for half an hour into the Court of Wards Then the Court commanded the Serjeant at Arms to withdraw the King and to expect order for his return again The Court withdrew for half an hour and returned this withdrawing was occasioned by the importunacy and disturbance of Colonel Downs who sate next to Cromwel but Downs was quickly quieted being awed by Cromwel during this short stay President Serjeant at Arms send for your Prisoner Sir their withdrawing and adjournment was pro forma tantum for it did not seem to them that there was any difficulty in the thing the Court is now resolved to proceed King Sir I know it is in vain for me to dispute I am no Sceptick for to deny the power that you have I know that you have power enough Sir I confess I think it would have been for the Kingdoms Peace if you would have taken the pains to have shown the lawfulness of your power For this delay that I have desired I confess it is a delay but very important for the Peace of the Kingdom for it is not my person that I look on alone it is the Kingdoms welfare and the Kingdoms Peace it is an old sentence That we should think on long before we have resolved of great matters suddenly Therefore Sir I do say again that I do put at your doors all the inconveniency of an hasty Sentence I confess I have been here now I think this week this day eight days was the day I came here first but a little delay of a day or two further may give peace whereas an Hâ—sty Iudgement may bring on that trouble and perpetual inconveniency to the Kingdom that the Child that is unborn may repent it and therefore again out of the Duty I owe to God and to my Country I do desire that I may be heard by the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber or any other Chamber that you will appoint me President The Court will proceed King I say this Sir That if you will hear me I doubt not but I shall give some satisfaction to you all here and to my people after that and therefore I do require you as you will answer it at the dreadful day of Judgement that you will consider it once again President Sir I have received direction from the Court. King Well Sir President If this must be re-enforc'd or any thing of this nature your Answer must be the same and they will proceed to Sentence if you have nothing more to say King I have nothing more to say but I shall desire that this may be entred what I have said President The Court then Sir hath something to say to you which although I know it will be very unacceptable yet notwithstanding they are willing and are resolved to discharge their Duty and so proceeded by way of â—iery how other Nations in all times had taken the same course with their Kings and Princes deposing and executing of them especially and more frequently in the Kings Native Realm of Scotland mis-citing and wresting and abusing the truth of History to varnish the Rhapsody and Treason of this lying Harangue of all which one most remarkable paragraph as noted by the King himself with an admiration is here inserted Sir That that we are now upon by the command of the highest Court hath been and is to Try and Iudge you for those great offences of yours Sir the Charge hath called you Tyrant a Traytor a Murtherer and a publike Enemy to the Commonwealth of England Sir it had been well if any of all these terms rightly and justly might have been spared if any one of them at all King Ha! President To do Iustice Impartially and even upon You is all our Resolutions Sir I say for your self we do â—eartily wish and desire that God would be pleased to give you a sense of your sins that you would see wherein you have done amiss that you may cry unto him that God would deliver you from Blood guiltiness A good King was once guilty of that particular thing and was clear otherwise saving in the matter of Uriah Truly Sir the story tells us that he was a repentant King and it signifies enough that he had died for it but that God was pleased to accept of him and to give him his pardon Thou shalt not dye but the Child shall dye thou hast given cause to the enemies of God to blaspheme King I would desire onely one word before you give Sentence and that is That you would hear me concerning those great Imputations that you have laid to my charge President Sir You must give me leave to go on for I am not far from your Sentence and your time is now past King But I shall desire you will hear me a few words to you for truly what ever Sentence you will put upon me in respect of those heavy Imputations I see by your speech you have put upon me that I Sir it is very true that President Sir I must put you in minde truly Sir I would not willingly at this time especially interrupt you in any thing you have to say that is proper for us to admit of but Sir you have not owned us as a Court and you look upon us as a sort of people met together and we know what Language we receive from your party King I know nothing of that President You dis-avow us as a Court and therefore for you to address your self to us and not to acknowledge us as a Court to judge of what you say it is not to be permitted and the truth is all along from the first time you were pleased to dis-avow and disown us the Court needed not to have heard you one word for unless they be acknowledged a Court and engaged it is not proper for you to speak Sir we have given you too much liberty already and admitted of too much delay c. The President commands the Sentence to be read Make an O Yes and command Silence while the Sentence is read O Yes made Silence commanded The Clerk read the Sentence which was drawn up in Parchment Whereas the Commons of England in Parliament have appointed them an high Court of Iustice for the Trying of Charles Stuart King of England before whom he had been three times convented and at first time a Charge of high Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanours was read in the behalf of the
God knows I do not desire to know I pray God forgive them But this is not all my charitie must go further I wish that they may repent for in â—eed they have committed a great sin in that particular I pray God with St. Stephen that this be not laid to their charge And withâ—â— that they may take the way to the Peace of the Kingdom for my charitie commands me not onely to forgive particular men but to endeavour to the last gasp the Peace of the Kingdom So Sirs I do wish with all my soul I see there are some here that will carry it further that they endeavour the Peace of the Kingdom Sirs I must shew you both how you are out of the way and put you in a way First You are out of the way for certainly all the ways you ever had yet as far as I could finde by any thing is in the way of Conquest certainly this is an ill way for Conquest in my Opinion is never just except there be a just and good cause either for matter of wrong or a just Title and then if ye go beyond the first quarrel that ye have that makes it unjust at the end that was just at first for if there be onely matter of Conquest then it is a great Robbery as a Pirate said to Alexander That he was a great Robber himself was but a petty Robber And so Sirs I think for the way that you are in you are much out of the way Now Sirs to put you in the way believe it you shall never go right nor God will never prosper you until you give God his due the King his due that is my Successor and the people their due I am as much for them as any of you You must give God his due by regulating rightly his Church according to the Scripture which is now out of order And to set you in a way particularly now I cannot but onely this A National Synod freely called freely debating among themselves must settle this When every Opinion is freely heard For the King indeed I will not the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that therefore because it concerns mine own particular I onely give you a touch of it For the People truly I desire their Libertie and freedom as much as any body whomsoever But I must tell you that their Libertie and their freedom consist in having Government under those Laws by which their lives and theirs may be most their own it is not in having a share in the Government that is nothing pertaining to them A Subject and a Soveraign are clean different things and therefore until you do that I mean that you put the People into that Libertie as I say certainly they will never enjoy themselves Sirs it was for this that now I am come hither for if I would have given way to an Arbitrary way for to have all Laws changed according to the Power of the Sword I need not have come here and therefore I tell you and I pray God it be not laid to your charge that I am the MARTYR of the people In troath Sirs I shall not hold you any longer I will onely say this to you that I could have desired some little time longer because I would have put this what I have said a little better digested than I have done and therefore I hope you will excuse me I have delivered my Conscience I pray God you take those Courses that are best for the good of the Kingdome and your own Salvation Dr. Juxon Will your Majesty though your Majesties affections may be very well known to Religion yet it may be expected that you should say somewhat for the worlds satisfaction King I thank you very heartily my Lord for that I had almost forgotten it Introath Sirs My Conscience in Religion I think is very well known to all the world and therefore I declare before you all That I die a Christian according to the profession of the Church of England as I found it left me by my Father and this honest man I think will witness it Then turning to the Officers said Sirs excuse me for this same I have a good cause and I have a gracious God I will say no more Then turning to Colonel Hacker he said Take care they do not put me to pain and Sir this and it please you But then a Gentleman coming near the Ax the King said Take heed of the Ax pray take heed of the Ax. Then the King speaking to the Executioner said I shall say but very short prayers and when I thrust out my hands Then the King called to Doctor Iuxon for his Night-cap and having put it on he said to the Executioner Does my hair trouble you who desired him to put it all under his Cap which the King did accordingly by the help of the Executioner and the Bishop Then the King turning to Doctor Iuxon said I have a good Cause and a gracious God on my side Dr. Juxon There is but one Stage more this Stage is turbulent and troublesome it is a short one But you may consider it will soon carry you a very great way it will carry you from Earth to Heaven and there you will finde a great deal of cordial Ioy and Comfort King I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible Crown where no disturbance can be no disturbance in the world Dr. Juxon You are exchanged from a Temporary to an Eternal Crown a good exchange The King then said to the Executioner Is my hair well Then the King took off his Cloak and his George giving his George to Doctor Iuxon saying Remember Then the King put off his Doublet and being in his Wast-coat put his Cloak on again then looking upon the Block said to the Executioner You must set it fast Executioner It is fast Sir King When I put my hands out this way stretching them out then After that having said two or three words as he stood to himself with hands and eyes lift up Immediately stooping down he laid his Neck upon the Block and then the Executioner again putting his hair under his Cap the King thinking he had been going to strike said Stay for the Signe Executioner Yes I will and it please your Majesty And after a very little pause the King stretching forth his Hands the Executioner at one Blow severed his Head from his Body The Head being off the Executioner held it up and shewed it to the people which done it was with the Body put in a Coffin covered with Black Velvet for that purpose and conveyed into his Lodgings there And from thence it was carried to his House at Saint Iames's where his Body was Embalmed and put in a Coffin of Lead and laid there a fortnight to be seen by the people and on the Wednesday sevennight his Corps Embalmed and Coffined in
finde good security and other Royalists were imprisoned and got cleaverly away and in March arrived at Rotterdam in Holland where on the New-bridge he accidently met with Colonel Massey who claiming knowledge of him from Lidbury-fighâ— where they more unhappily encountred each other his Lorâ—ship was civilly and Nobly pleased â—upon the Colonels protestation of a â—â—urn and entire obedience to his Majesties Authority to pass with him in company to the Hague whither this occasion happily directs us The King our Soveraign Charles the second then kept his Court there furnished with Blacks and other mournful Emblâ—â—s of his raâ—â—â—rs Death at the charge of the Prince of Aurange whose moâ—â—â—ignal kindnesses to the Royal Faâ—â—â—y may not pass without a due Commemoration The King was here attended by the Lord Marquess of Montress the Lords Hopton Wilmot Culpeper Weâ—worth and other great Personages Sir Edward Hide Sir Edward Nicholas and a Noble though poor retinue of old Royalists who had vowed to his Majesties Fortunes The Relator was present when the Lord of Loughborough added Colonel Massey to that number both of them kissing the Kings Hand the same morning the Lord in his Majesties Privy-Chamber where he was received by the King with all possible gladness and joy of his escape and other endearments the Colonel was very respectfully and civilly treated and confirmed into the Kings Service and Trust by his Majesties gracious acceptation of his sorrow for his former actions and his resolutions of reparatory Duty The new Estates of England liked not well of his so neer neighbourhood and entertainment in a Commonwealth too and thought their greatness so formidable that it could perswade without any more trouble all places and people to his dereliction and to this purpose they insinuated the same intentions to Myn Heer Pauw the then Dutch Resident here who was sent over by the States as also another Embassador from the French besides the earnest intervention of the Scots Commissioners to intercede for the King with whom they had several discourses about the dangerous greatness of the Prince of Aurange and 't is reported the Man was made by them He departed hence about the middle of March very well pleased with the pronts of his Embassie Though they could not reach the King and though some of his best Subjects had outreached them yet many others could not so escape them Master Beaumount a Minister belonging to the Garison of Pomfret then beleagured by Major-General Lambert in place of Rainsborough who was killed and buried at Wapping neer London as aforesaid was taken for holding correspondence in cypher and by a Council of War Condemned and Hanged before the Castle presently after the Kings Death and deserves to be placed as the Protomartyr for King Charles the second But this was but a puny victime to the ensuing Sacrifices for the old pretence of Justice challenged new does by the evidence of its former administration which would have been thought but a step purposely made to their ambitious Usurpation if other blood not so obnoxious to their grand designe should not in pursuance of their declared impartial bringing to condigne punishment all sorts of Delinquents be offered up to their Idol of Liberty There was also another Reason of State in it for that the House of Lords being so easily laid aside it was requisite while the first violence was yet recent utterly to disanimate the Nobility by another as lawless more bloody infringement of their Priviledges In order to this a new High Court of Iustice was Erected by an Act to that purpose wherein other Drudges were named under the conduct of the former President for that the State-Grandees could not themselves intend such minute matters as the lives of the Peerage Before this Tribunal were brought as in the said Act were named Iames Duke Hamilton as Earl of Cambridge and Naturalized thereby in this Kingdom Henry Rich Earl of Holland George Lord Goring then Earl of Norwich Arthur Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen of North-Wales Duke Hamilton was the first of those that came to this Bar where he was soothâ—d by Bradshaw according to instruction in hopes he would be won to discover his partakers in the late Parliament and City and Peters to that purpose gave evidence that Lambert gave him quarter when Colonel Wait who took him denied it to the House but when the Court perceived he was not so free therein offering in lieu of such Treachery 100000 l. for his life and promising to joyn interests with Arguile in Scotland Bradshaw took him up short and for all his plea of quarter and to what he further â—rged against his Naturalization that he himself was never Naturalized but that it was his Father whose right devolved no more to him by the Civil Law than the same Franchise doth to Children in other Countries hastily was answered that in the 15 year of King Charles he was called to Parliament by Writ as Earl of Cambridge They objected against him also his breach of Faith passed to the Governour of Windsor for his true Imprisonment from whence he had escaped and was retaken in Southwark which breach he denied and challenged the Governour of untruth in that particular After much delay which he obtained in hopes of a discovery and several arguments of his Counsel assigned for him Bradshaw at last snapt him up telling him of his Treasons and Murthers and gave final Sentence The Lord Capel likewise after several brave legal Defences as his Peerage c. and his plea of quarter given by Fairfax who in open Court construed that quarter to be but a present saving from the promiscuous slaughter with a reference still to a Judicial proceeding was over-ruled they urged also against him his escape out of the Tower which he proved to amount to no more at the most of it in any other case than a bare Felony and within the benefit of the Clergy His resumed argument when all would not do was the Honour of the Sword which seeing how little those that should have justly asserted it did value he resolved to trouble himself no longer at their Bar but being demanded what he could say more for himself replied nothing but with a chearful resignation of himself to providence expected his Doom then impending over him The Earl of Holland came not to their Bar while they had finished with the other Lords by reason of his indisposition which delayed him at Warwick-Castle but such was their impatient pretensions to Justice that they got him conveyed to their High Court and as they had done by the rest over-ruled his plea which he argued in much weakness taking a spoonful of some Cordial every foot between his words of quarter given and concluded him in the same Sentence The Lord Goring so artificially and wisely pleaded to them in Form Not Guilty and withal insisted upon his Commission and Authority and harmlesness therein that he escaped
of Beaten Gold and Cromwel with 300 pounds worth of Plate and 200 pieces of Gold and great rejoycing there was and smiling too at this the Cities kindness whose Proclaiming of the Act for abolishing the Kingly power having touched before I think I am not obliged to the worth or worshipfulness of the matter to say any thing more of it here in its place but in lieu thereof will pleasure the Reader with a contra-aspect in this Archive and Premier Record of Englands being a Free-State Created by these Hogen Mogen words Be it Enacted and Declared by this present Parliament and by the Authority thereof that the People of England and all the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging are and shall be and are hereby Constituted Made and Declared a Commonwealth and Free-State and shall so be Governed by the Supreme Authority the Representatives of the people in Parliament and by such as they shall constitute as Officers for the good of the people and that without any King Single Person or House of Lords And for the Honour and Grace of this Free-State a new Mace was now made and brought to be Consecrated in the House wrought with Flowers instead of the Cross and on the bottome and the top the Arms of England and Ireland which was so well liked that they ordered all the Maces in England should be made after that pattern But that which they did most like a Free-State was giving and bounteously bestowing Estates upon one another for besides smaller Rents and lesser Sums kindly squandered and reciprocated among the Journey-men by themselves no less than 4000 a year was given to Fairfax out of the Duke of Bukingham's Revenues the Lord Cottington's Estate to Bradshaw and so to other their deserving Favorites And to requite the City for their civility of the late Treatment and to engage them at a pinch New-park with all the Deer therein was liberally conferred upon them to hold it in Common Soccage from any body a very excellent Tenure and Title Great givers must be great receivers and therefore besides their former Act of selling the Kings Houshold-goods which was pretended to satisfie his Debts but such Creditors as ventured upon them found them dear pennyworths not onely in conclusion but for the present being rated and prized so unreasonably that 100 l. in goods would not yield above ten in money There came out an Act for the sale of Deans and Chapters Lands the product whereof though encumbred with Debentures amounted to a clear account of incredible sums and another for the sale of the Mannors Houses Lands and Forrests of the King Queen or Prince but White-hall for that it was the residence of my Lords the Committee of Estates Saint Iames's and Windsor-Castle were by them excepted and Cromwel for a pleasant retreat for his future greatness saved Hampton-Court and Greenwich and the French-Church having obtained the use of the Chappel of Somerset-house rescued that likewise from sale because the Purchasers could not build upon the ground with any conveniencie if that were not demolished But the grand money-making Act the very Mint of their Commonwealth was an Act of the 7th of April for 90000 l. a Month which rose higher afterwards though in the middle of the War it was never more than 56000 and there were three Armies in pay but it seems the good Husbands had accounted and then published it that the Monthly charge was 160000 pound and that the standing force amounted to 40000 men in England and Ireland About this time several Inland Castles were demolished as Winchester Lancaster Belvoir Nottingham c. and some reparations made to the several Proprietors It will be requisite now to enquire what and how the King doth since we left him at the Hague while his Rebels rant it away in such ample manner and carry all before them 'T is true he wanted not a Kingdom being lookt upon by the people of those Vnited Provinces with the same respect as if he were their Soveraign nor did they â—ail of giving manifest demonstration thereof His Fathers Death was with all State Condoled and his ascent to the Throne Gratulated and that moreover both by the Swedish and Danish Embassadors then resident at that Court especially the Prince of Aurange by his respects and observance obliged all persons to the reverence of his Person as if no such misfortunes had befallen him nor could any thing but a vertuous tempered minde amidst such caresses and Honours been sensible of so sudden so dis-regarded and discountenanced adversity To better also his condition as to his Kingdoms came forth several defences of his Authority in several Treatises especially that of Salmasius called The Royal Defence which one Milton since stricken with blindness cavilled at who wrote also against that imcomparable Book and Remains of King Charles the Martyr about this time produced to light though endeavoured by all means to be supprest called Eikon Basilike in an impudent and Blasphemous Libel called Iconoclastes since deservedly burnt by the Common Executionâ—r doth justly challenge to be here Registred Thus He triumpht by the Pen and great were the expectations of his like success by the Sword Scotland being wholely his and Ireland vâ—ry neer reduced to the same obedience the affairs of both which Kingdoms calling him away He resolved to depart from this His long-continued abode and after mature consultations with the Princes His Allyes and His neerer Relations His disconsolate Mother then in France to determine to which Realm He should first betake Him but before His departure fell out this remarkable passage at His Court at the Hague One Doctor Dorislaus a Dutch-man and School-Master that fled his Country and here became a Civilian then pertainer to the University of Oxford and a Professor there but disappointed of his ambitious expectations in the beginning of the War became the Parliaments Judge-Advocate in their Army and at the expiration thereof by his acquaintance with Sir Henry Mildmay a great Enemy to though raised by the King at whose House in Essex he ordinarily played at Cards on Sundays was promoted to the Employment of drawing up that Charge against the King and the rather for that no Englishman durst finde or make a way to that illegal and unprecedented business After that perpetration he was thought the onely fit man to be sent over as an Envoy to his Country-men to prosecute the designs of that Fact which would look the handsomer to them by this their Subjects hand in it though he durst not have appâ—ard there but in the quality of a Forrain Minister He arrived there in May and the first night as he was at Supper there one Colonel Whitford a Scotch-man then attending the Kings Court with some twelve other Royalists regretting and disdaining the affront done to the King by the impudent boldness of this Fâ—llows address in the Face of His Majesty entred his Lodging
and with a broad Sword cleaved his Head and killed him suffering his Pagâ— to escape but by a mistake wounding another Dutch-man for him at their 〈◊〉 coming in and having done the deed quietly departed and though the States pretended a Hue and Cry yet the people were generally well satisfied and applauded the Execution but our States here were outragiously mad and published a Paper wherein they imputed this Fact to the Royalists and upon the next occasion threatned to retaliate it upon those of that party then in their Hands yet Ascham their Agent and Envoy to Spain some time after with 〈◊〉 Interpreter Signour Riba was served in the same manner at his arrival at Madrid in his Inn by one Sparks and other English Merchants upon the same account Sparks fled to the Venetian Embassadors and thence to Sanctuary but by the subtile Don to curry with our Masters then dreadful to his Plate-trade and for othâ—r designed advantages was at their important instance taken thence and with all mens pitty and indignation at the meanness of the Spaniard thereafter Executed The King on the 15 of Iune departed from the Hague in company with his Sister and her Husband the Prince of Aurange in their Coach and came early to Rotterdam where the Burgers were in Arms and was Nobly received and saluted at his passing the Gates with all the Artillery and Ringing of the Bells and other signes of Joy and Honour though the English Company there durst not as of themselves give any particular proof thereof From thence to Dort where he was received in the same ample manner and then to Breda and so to Antwerp where by the Arch-Dukes order he was met and entertained with 〈…〉 and presented with a most splended Chariot with eight Horses 〈…〉 welcomed by the Marquess of Newcastle who had fixed 〈…〉 out of respect to the great Civility he found from that people 〈…〉 him Excise-free with other immunities and priviledges and 〈…〉 to Brussels whâ—re his Treatments were most Royally ordered as the Kâ—ng â—ftâ—rwâ—rds acknowledged for the most sumptuous magnificenâ—y and pâ—easing 〈◊〉 He ever met with and with the same grandeurs as if the King of Spain had received them himself which Amplitudes were observed throughout 〈◊〉 passage and at his departure thence the Duke of Lorrain gave him the like entertainment and conveyed him on his way to France where in Compâ—â—gne the French King accompanied with the most and chiefest of his Nobility received him with all the Testimonies of affection and Honour and brought him in State to Saint Germains to the Queen his Mother where we will leave him in Counsel with his surest and most beloved friends The Dutchess of Savoy his Aunt having made him an assignment of 50000 Crown a year and several the like proffers from others of his Family while His Brother the Duke of Gloâ—cester and the Princess Elizabeth were transferred from the Earl of Northumberland's to the care of the Countess of Leicester at Penshurst with the maintenance of 3000 a year which was afterwards lessened when they came into the custody of Anthony Mildmay at Carisbroke in the Isle of Wight there being a bold but credible rumour of a resolution of our States putting the Duke to a Merchant or some other Trade The Commonwealth of England was now wholâ—y busiâ—d about the affairs of Ireland which proving very desperate Colonel Monk lately dismist from his Imprisonment in the Toâ—er upon account of his service in this Kingdom having vowed 〈…〉 draw Sword against the King in England was ordered privately to jâ—yn 〈…〉 O Neal and Nuntio party the bloodiest of 〈◊〉 the Râ—bels to pâ—â—â—erve what was yet leâ—t the Parliament of which more hereafter and in the mean time all possible speed was made for the Expedition hencâ— money was mainly wanting and therefore the City was desired to lend â— 20000 l. upon the security of the Act of 90000 l. per mensem but that not proving satisfactory the Act for the sale 〈◊〉 Dean and Chapters-lands then greedily bought up by old Arrears Debentures and Doublings was offered and additional Acts for removing of Obstructions were passed and sums of money to be raised thereupon secured for the same Lieutenant-General Cromwel was complemented with the Command which aâ—ter some debate he accepted and was Voted Lord-Governour of Iâ—eland Fairfax yet continuing General in both Kingdoms Towards the second of Iuly most of the Army designed for that service was drawn to the Sea-side and Colonel Venables Regiment shipped over with some 1500 more which with Tuthills Regiment newly landed before made Iones the Governour of Dublin 7000 strong with which he attempted several times against the Marquess of Ormond with little and various success On the 13 of August Cromwel having passed to Bristol and by reason of cross weather compelled to go for his passage to Milford-Haven with a Fleet of 60 Dutch and English Bottoms set sail and the next day after landed at Dublin his whole Force with Iones now made his Lieutenant-General amounting to 15000 men It will be now very necessary to give an account of the state of that Kingdom and because it is the first atchievement of the New State it shall be rendred entire without any interfering affair though without any other Apology it will take up the most part of the remaining year The Relation whereof we have from an Actor and Eye-Witness there as he hath most elegantly and orderly laid it down worthy of all belief and even pleasant in the ruines he deplores who with many other Loyal English Gentry having escaped or left England to the barbarities of the Usurpation joyned with the more civiller Irish and pursued the Kings Cause in this another of his Kingdoms The Marquess of Ormond Lord-Lieutenant of that Kingdom being prest with the danger of a Siege from the Roman-Catholick-Confederates who had broken their League and Treaty with him had delivered Dublin as aforesaid in 1647. to the Parliaments Commissioners having articled for his free passing to the King and for those sums of money he had expended for the English Interest out of his own private purse when that Exchecquer was drained and accordingly having waited on the King while the Army carried him about with an account of his Actions passed into France whence about September 1648. the said Catholick Confederates perceiving a storm impending on them from England had by Letters to the King importuned His resending to them upon their Engagement and Protestation of plenary submission to his Majesties Authority and to him as his Lieutenant as being the onely fit qualified person for his Interest Birth and Relation to preside in that Nation His Lordship accordingly undertook the Commission and though all things promised fair by the agreement made with the Lord Inchiqueen who had had several successes against the Rebels and had joyned Forces with the said Confederates yet did the
been given up into the hands of the most Cruel and Faithless Enemy who Butchered there also after they were Admitted in above 2000 more There was nothing more remaining to be done the Vlster Army being not yet come up and several Troops of the Lord Inchiqueens being since the Siege of Drogheda run away to the Enemy but to put a Garrison into Rossâ— which was sent in under the Command of Luke Tâ—â—se with orders for the place was judged scarce Tenable against powerful â—n Enemy to make Conditions when they saw themselves able to resist no longer as at last they did when the breach was made and the Enemy ready to give an Assault having Terms to march away with their Arms. About Graigge and Thomas Town his Excellency hovered with his Horse and the small remainder of his Foot until the coming up of the Vlter Army under the Command of Lieutenant-General Farrell the General himself lying then a dying This new Conjunction with Owen O Neal and so great an accession of Forces brings the Lord-Lieutenant into a condition not onely of putting a stop upon Cromwels hasty progress but even of gaining ground upon him as questionless he would have done had not another misfortune greater than any of the former intervened to frustrate all which was this the Lord Inchiqueen having as I said before conditioned to have the ordering of those Garrisons and Forces that he brought in with him to the Kings Obedience 〈◊〉 wholly to himself out of desire as is believed to keep himself still considerable upon a bottome of his own would never hearken unto any Proposition of admitting a proportion of Irish into any of his Towns Kingsale onely excepted into which place at the importunity of Prince Rupert he at last admitted some Being confident that the English Forces under his Command having served under him so long upon several scores all or the most of the Officers whereof being either creatures of his own or men obliged and indeared unto him upon a long account would never separate themselves from his Fortune or abandon his Service But his Lordship it seems took wrong measures for the most part of them being steered wholly be self-Interest and knowing the way already how for advantage to serve against the King whose business they saw so much declining that no more was likely to be got that way whilst Cromwel was full of money and success Conspired together how to possess themselves of the Lord Inchiqueens Person together with the Towns under his Command that they might make a surrender of all at once unto the Enemy Youghall begins the dance and taking occasion to mutiny against the English Royalists under Wogan's Command that were quartered there imprisoned and disarmed them all and afterwards stood upon their Guard Whilst the Lord Inchiqueen is by all gentle means endeavouring to reclaim back this Town several of his Officers combine to seize upon him then lying secure at Lieutenant-General Barries house of Castle Lions but they and their designe being discovered to his Lordship by one of their complices were so far prevented as to be seized upon all themselves Whereupon the Town of Youghall seeing Cromwel yet at too great a distance and the time of his coming into Munster uncertain offered to submit upon assurance of Indemnity the relief of the Imprisoned Officers and removal of the Royalists which his Lordship either wanting the means to compel them or being willing with kindness and fait means to win upon them and keep them in Order Assented unto After which having visited his Garrisons and believing all things so secure as not to require either his stay further there or the bringing any proportion of the Irish into those other Towns he returns unto his charge in the Army And now Cromwel having newly received an affront before Duncannon through the Courage and Gallantry of Wogan with those English Gentlemen that were put in with him upon that occasion was retired back to Rosse there under the Protection of the Town to make a Floting-Bridge over the River to the end that by having a passage to the other side he might at his pleasure either compel his Excellency to divide his Army to attend upon his motions and so give him an opportunity of setting upon one part or other of it or at least if it kept together of getting a passage into Munster where he expected to finde a general Revolt of those Garrisons under the Lord Inchiqueens Command as it afterwards happened The Lord Taafe was sent with a part of the Army to hinder the work but what through want of Powder and indeed all sorts of Ammunition which was now grown exceeding scarce extremity of soul weather distempers amongst his men and other ill concurring accidents he was not able to effect it The Lord-Lieutenant through Cromwels sudden retreating in the night from before Duncannon having lost the opportunity of fighting him as he was then resolved finding his Army chearfully desiring the occasion had nothing left him now to do but wait upon the Enemies motion and endeavour to cut off his Provisions which the Country-people allured by the orderliness of his Souldiers who had money to pay for what they took and Command it seems to do so brought them in as fast as could be whilst his Excellency having no money to pay his Army nor indeed a competence of Bread to give them was constrained to let them take their sustenance where they could finde it During this intermission of Action Corke Youghall and all the English Towns of Munster even through the incitation of those Officers that were but lately released being openly Revolted and the Lord Broghall with some men landed in those parts very many of the Lord Inchiqueens party both of Horse and Foot deserted the Lord-Lieutenant and ran daily over to the Enemy insomuch that both the Commanders and Souldiers of the Irish not without reason grew very jealous of the rest that remained behind fearing that if ever they came to Engage against the Enemy they would turn upon them and betray them there wanted not divers also though doubtless very unjustly that extended their jealousies unto the Lord Inchiqueen himself grounding their accusations upon his Lordships not punishing the Conspirators when he had them in his Power upon so fair a warning and just an occasion as was then given him his not putting Irish into his Garrisons upon his Wife his Family Plate and Goods being sent him safely out of Corke into the Irish Quarters upon his not consenting to the dismounting and disarming the rest of his men when some of the Commissioners prest the doing of it upon his delivering his advice in Council as they heard for his Excellencies coming to Conditions with Cromwel and making this an Argument for it That his men would fight no longer and lastly upon an impertinent accusation without Head or Tail as appeared when he came to be
Iersey with the onely Conditions of taking the National-Covenant and renouncing of Montross and other Royalists of that Nation For in the beginning of September the King was arrived there with His Brother the Duke of York in company with Sir George Carteret the Governour and other his Nobles and Confident Followers having before his departure designed some of his Lords as Embassadors to several Princes The French also had prohibited the Importation of Cloth into France in a proud revenge and quittal whereof the Parliament forbad the Importation of French-wines and the States General of the Vnited Provinces had denied Audience to Walter Strickland their new Resident after several instances onely the Spaniard who had lately before acknowledged the same Provinces for a Free State began to wind about and to insinuate a Compaliance wâ—th the English One as imagining it no way dangerous but advantageous to his Interest and Stale Ambition of Universal Soveraignty as Campanella had designed it For in tendency thereunto he prohibited his Subjects in Flanders to serve the King at Sea his Ports being before open to such Vessels that served the King and were Manned with Flemings for the most part and did also underâ—tand hold Intelligence with this State But the Emperour of Russia no sooner heard of the Kings Death but he immediately Commanded all the English to depart his Dominions and was hardly perswaded having first secured their Goods to give them leave to stay a while in Arch-Angel his onely Port of Trade whither from his Court and City of Musco he had driven them He had profered to the Lord Culpeper His Majesties Embassador to have given him all the English Estates but he declining it and telling the Emperour the King conceived very well of those His Subjects he very frankly lent the King 20000 l. with a protestation of his further good will if he had not been so greatly engaged in a War at home The Dane the Swede and the Pole knew not what to make of our New Lords and so let them alone the Portugal's actions Declared Him Several Affronts were likewise given them under their very Noses the London Presbyterian Ministers would not Officiate neither at their Fasts nor Thanksgivings for which Contempts several of them were brought before their Committees and after severe reprehension and warning dismissed as namely Master Love Master Ienkins and Master Ash And the Levellers began to make new broils the Garrison of Oxford of Colonel Ingoldsby's Regiment mutining and securing their Officers while Lilburn and his Associates vex them in print by a new Pamphlet called the Apprentices Outcry The Mutineers were suppressed in a manner by themselves and two of them shot to Death Lilburn having been kept a long while before Prisoner in the Tower was now brought to his Tryal at Guild hall by a Commission of Oyer and Termier directed to the new Lord-Commissioner Keeble Justice Iermin and others where after a confident defence of himself reading of several Statutes and thumming of Magna Charta and a hundred Slurs upon the Court he was acquitted by his Jury and not long after chosen a Common-Council-man for the City though the Parliament by Vote afterwards disallowed it and made him uncapable of any Office And finally that I may have done with this Trouble-world not long after Sentenced him to Banishment which was procured by the old Feud betwixt him and Sir Arthur Hasilrigge To secure themselves therefore from that and all other Parties they Legislated a thing called an Engagement which though at its first designment it reached onely persons in Office and Trust and the Lawyers that Pleaded with an additional precept to the several Benches to remove out of their Chambers in the Respective Inns of Court all who had served the King in the late War saving the benefit of Articles as they had kept them some good while before from the Bar yet at last it included all sorts of men from 18 years old and upwards who were enjoyned to recognize and then subscribe this knack in these Republican words You shall promise to be true â—â—d faithful to the Commonwealth of England as it is now established without King or House of Lords And their repeated prosperous violation of all things Sacred and Civil had so prob Dolor Atheisted the Land that people jested themselves into this snare the Royalists and some such sober Presbyterians onely disavowing it though no protection or benefit of the Law was to be had without it On the 4 of Ianuary happened a most terrible blow by Gunpowder in Tower-street out of a Ship-chandlers cellar who going down about 8 of the Clock about some business there with a Candle it unfortunately sparkled into the Powder as was conceived and blew up and spoiled above 100 Houses some 60 persons being killed the most whereof were slain as they were drinking in the Rose-Tavern in whose Ruines they were over-whelmed This accident invited the curiosity of some to say that the Treason committed that time Twelve month before was followed with this its sutable attendant to point to the Authors the likeness of their Villany But whatever that disaster signified the Death of Alderman Hoyle a great Rumper of York who hanged himself on the same day and hour Twelve month that the King was Murthered plainly shewed the vengeance and displeasure of God against that monstrous and abominable Fact This was the Evening-Sacrifice to their Thanksgiving-Devotion in most solemn manner celebrated by the States aâ— Westminster in commemoration of their lately recovered Liberty from the Laws and a just Government by the Death of the King being the Anniversary of his Martyrdom but had so many ill Omens and sinister Prognosticks that they rased this Festival out of their Kalendar which carried in it so many signal remarques of the just Judgement and Veâ—geance of God upon that impious Fact and their no less abominable mockery of Him as the Author thereof in this their pretended religious observation of that fatal Providence General Blake was now fitting out to Sea with a lusty Fleet to hinder Prince Rupert now Commanding in the Western-seas from doing further prejudice to the Trade the Nation being then much incommodated by several Ships of War set out by His Majesties Commission the execution whereof could not discern betwixt His Subjects and His Rebels The Prince was then in Harbour at Lisbone whither Blake directly sailed with 16 able Men of War and blockt up the Port demanding license to fall upon the Prince in the River which being denied an attempt was made by him but the Castles firing upon his foremost Frigots in favour and protection of the Prince's Fleet he was forced to give it over and come to an Anchor at the Mouth of the Tagus resolving to stop and seize such Vessels of the Portugals as should make for that place and the Brazile Sugar-Fleet was then daily expected An Act now
passed for removing obstructions in the sale of the King Queen and Princes Lands as they then called them and several Mannors and Lands were apportioned to the Souldiers for their Arrears whose Debentures were now stated by the Committee of the Army the Common Souldiers purchasing in manner of a Corporation by Regiments the frequency of these Debentures which the old Officers and Reformadoes sold at Half a Crown in the pound and so drew in a great number of Citizens to be Bargainers with the Trustees named in the Act for the sale of the said Lands and Hereditaments which were thereby invested and setled on them for the use of the Common-wealth gave an opportunity to one Granger and his Complices to counterfeit the Hands of the said Committee by which means several false Debentures were put upon the Commissioners and more Cheats upon those that bought them when at last they came to be discovered This Granger who justified his little Cheats by their great ones continued this kinde of Trade throughout the Usurpation in levying Assessements by Warrants which he would counterfeit and make use of to any of the Treasurers of the Costome-house or Chamber of London and to any Collectors and Receivers of any publike Money especially in Cromwels raign and yet never suffered further than the Pillory and a Temporary Imprisonment and is yet alive and in custody for his former Cheats and the like endeavours and attempts of late The King was yet at Iersey whither the Lord Libberton was Arrived and having delivered his Letters to the King from the Committee of Estates of Scotland was very well received and liked of by the King and in February dispacht away and on the 18 of the said Month landed at Leith with Letters likewise from the King which though they were not in all particulars according to the wish and mind of the Estates yet did they so far satisfie that Commissioners were appointed forthwith to go for Holland to commence the Treaty which was appointed by the King at Breda the Prince of Aurange being desired by the Scots to moderate and mediate in that affair The King in his departure from Iersey was by a sudden Gust of Wind near over-set it being a little Bark that conveyed him into France had not one of his Retinue very fortunately with his Knife cut the Cordage that held the Main-sheet and let it flie in the Wind. So the good hand of Providence still took care of and preserved him to most glorious and wonderful Revolutions In the interim the Scots are busie in purging their Army of alâ— Officers who were any way concerned in Hamilton's Engagement and were not througâ—ly Kirkified twelve of such being turned out of Command in Lâ—shes own Regiment to leave no advantage to the King of requiring any favour for such of hiâ— own or that Party to be admitted into Places or Trust and withal they thought fit now to give an answer to that mentioned Declaration of the Marquess of Montross most virulently and falsly answering the Contents thereof by utter denial of their promoting the War in England or selling the late King or tying his Son their present Sovereign to any further Conditions or Agreements than what his Predecessors had constantly been bound to and the Laws and Customs of the Nation did require and finally adjured all men to beware of Apostacie or taking part with that Monster of Men so they stiled that Martyr the Honour of their Country Iames Graham more deservedly and famously known Marquess of Montross But the Sun was not clearer at Noon-day than the truth of that Charge in very particular as full experience did convincingly demonstrate The Commissioners names that were sent and who departed in March were the Earls of Cassils and Lothian Sir Iohn Smith the Lord Libberton Laird Broady Iefferies Leviston Wood and Hutchinson who had Inâ—â—ructions to acquaint the King that the Committee of Estates and General Assembly were not satisfied with his last Letters and to insist that he would take the National Covenant and enjoyn others to do it that he would abandon the Counsel and Company of the Marquess of Montross and other such Malignants that then they should invite him to come into his Realm of Scotland and take his Word that he would not bring any Cavaliers over with him they having already excepted not deigning further mention of Montross against Duke Hamilton the Earl of Lauderdaile Dunfermling Ruthen the Lords Napier Fendraught St. Clare Garnegy and Eython and some others and commanded the Earl of Calendar upon penalty of 100000 Mark Scots to depart the Kingdom other matters upon the Treaty the King left to the Parliament which he likewise allowed and confirmed and all proceedings had been had or done therein which shall suffice for the account of that Transaction neither the King nor the Commissioners taking any notice of Montrosses preparation to come into that Kingdom but purposely avoiding any dispute about it of which we shall have occasion to speak presently At home the Parliament to comply with the Proposals of the Army and their former Agreements made shew of dissolving themselves and chusing a new Representative and debated upon qualifications of Members for new Tumults were feared among the Souldiery and one Marston a notable Adjutator who had escaped from Burford defeat was now ordered to be taken into Custody The Messengers accordingly came to his Lodging in Aldersgate-street and sending him word to come down he with a Stilletto killed two of them out-right and sorely wounded the third and escaped but being retaken and terribly cut in his endeavouring to make another escape he was Arraigned at the Sessions-house in the Old Baily and condemned to be hanged in the said Street which was accordingly executed so preventing another death from the grievousness of his wounds He was a truly stout person and died as resolutely as his weakness would permit Sir Iohn Berkley and Colonel Walter Slingsby were now taken at Colonel Travanions house in Cornwal and secured which made them conceive there was some designes on foot for the King to be put in execution At the same time they proceeded with the old Vizor of Piety voting some Expedients for the propagation of the Gospel and withal very strictly urging Subscriptions to the new Engagement which at last visited the University of Oxford and was as unwelcome and destructive to the new Fellows and Scholars put in by the Presbyterian Party of Parliament in 1647 and 48. as the Covenant was being tendered in the like manner to the rightful proprietors the Loyal Students then ejected particularly Doctor Reynolds who come in the place of Doctor Fell resigned it to one Owen who was made Doctor in Divinity famous for his primer and his better Lesson of flattery with Oliver and Dean of Christ-Church Never greater or more Robberies committed by Thieves than at this time for which almost 60 suffered at
Tyburn at two Sessions A new Council of State was as their annual change required now constituted Basil Earl of Denbigh being first named in the Act by which it was appointed by whom Mr. Anthony Ascham and Mr. Charles Vane were sent Agents to the respective Kings of Spain and Portugal in the Fleet with General Blake Care was likewise taken for another Fleet to be presently equipped which should consist of 30 great Men of War and several Frigats of great Force were now upon the Stocks and preparation made for others the Names of most of the former Navy being changed taking their new Names from the several places of the Parliaments Successes and Victories others relating to the Dignities of the Government as the President and the Faithful Speaker now newly lanched so that the Dutch began to look about them Several Complaints were now made to them from some that had suffered for their disloyalty in the Isle of Barbadoes as also from other of the Loyal American Dominions except New England that yet kept in Statu quo whereupon the State decreed to send a Fleet thither to reduce that place it being now Governed by the Lord Willoughby of Parham sent thither by the King from Holland whither his Lordship had withdrawn from the violence of the Army being one of those Peers whom they questioned for Treason in 1647. And Act came now out likewise Commanding all Royallists to depart London and twenty miles beyond it with an injunction not to stir five miles from their own habitation and to give notice to the next Officer of their arrival there and to make through work with them the Parliament was now in Debate of exposing several of their Estates to sale and such in the first place who were then beyond Sea and to raise these unhappy forfeitures to their greater advantage ordering that no Estate not Compounded for in the Delinquents life-time should be now Compounded for by his Heirs but should accrue entire to the State Against several Branches of this and other harsh usage particularly of that restraint and confinement within five miles of their dwelling the kinder Army interposed their desires as not consistent with their former Proposals but they well knew they were not to ask and must be disobeyed in that particular yea even in this most reasonable request of Liberty to those who had the benefit of Articles and had Compounded Another High Court of Iustice was now a forming which though the Act that Constituted it bore date the 5 of April in the year ensuing yet we mention it here because Montrosses Expedition and final defeat do challenge an entire space of time to register them Of this Court Keble one of the Commissioners of the Seal was now made President Bradshaw being too high to do that Journey-work any longer being President of the Councel of State it was erected in revenge of Ascham's and Doristaus's death as a Vote and Declaration of the States angrily expressed An Act passed likewise for the better managing of Estates under Sequestration which trust was committed to Samuel Moyer Iames Russel Edmund Winstow Iosias Barners William Mullins Arthur Squib and Rowland Moor names so terrible and Haberdashers-Hall their Court or Judicature so hated and infamed for the violences done by these persons there that they are not to be passed without a mark to Posterity They likewise Enacted the outing of all Officers who should not nor had taken the Engagement another Act against Mariners serving of Forrein Princes which still carried an ill aspect towards the Dutch another according to their tenour of professed Sanctity against Fornication which was passed in April but was not to take place till the 24 of Iune ensuing the first Reading thereupon was Harry Martin's who said it was made to catch Fools for that there was a Clause in it That no person should be convicted without the joynt-testimony of two witnesses yet an Old Man and an Old Woman of above 80 years old apiece suffered afterwards for it and for the open guilt whereof they had turned out Gregory Clement one of their Members though others lewd enough kept their Seats and finally one for the levying of 90000 lib. per mensem for the three first and 60000 l. for the three last months by which they hoped to ingratiate with the people now heavily complaining of the pressures and the ruine of their Trade And so we conclude this first year of the Government of our Novel Free States Anno Dom. 1650. WE begin the Year with the end of one of the Noblest Gallantest Persons that Age saw amongst all the Wars and Broils in Christendom A Captain whose unexampled Atchievements have fam'd a History and were its Volume ten times bigger it would yet be disproportionate to the due praises of this matchless Heroe Enter and Exit the glorious Marquess of Montross whose most lamentable Fare and Catastrophe we will here sum up in this no way competent compendious Narrative After his departure out of Scotland as you have read he betook himself to the Court of France where he was proffered the Captainship of the Scots Guards to that King a place of great Honour and Revenue but being delayed by Cardinal Mazarine who affected not that Nation and his spirit aiming at his own Princes Service he betook himself to the King then at the Hague where he endeavoured after the Murther of King Charles the first a like new Commission for Scotland but being thwarted therein by Duke Hamilton then residing there likewise and his confident Friends the Earls of Lauderdale and Calendar who was aemulous of his former glories in the Government and late War of that Kingdom he betook himself to the Emperor at Vienna where he was presently proffered the Command of an Army of 10000 men and to be independent of any other General but the Peace being concluded betwixt the Swede and the Emperour he departed upon pursuit of his adventure into Scotland having obtained a Commission from the King and in order to that Expedition was furnished with four ships from the Duke of Holstein some supplies from the King of Denmark and 1500 Arms from the Queen of Sweden and some Horse promised under General King from thence and a little neat Frigat â—or his own conveyance some monies also were disburst to him which were transmitted to Amsterdam for other the like occasions and necessaries and there falsly and basely squandred away by one Colonel Ogilby an old friend and now entrusted by the Marquess in that affair unfortunately and unhappily enough a limb of the Designe being thus broken With these the Marquess as is supposed fearing lest he should have an express command to desist from his purpose because the Treaty betwixt the Prince and the Scotish Commissioners was now very neer a conclusion did precipitate himself and those that were with him into a most inevitable ruine Now all those great
of reducing the stubborness of some of the principal there to their obedience in the discussing and conclusion of that affair as he was Hunting neer Arnhem a destemper seized him which turning to the Small Pox and a Flux of putrified blood falling upon his Lungs presently carried him away on the 17 of October not without suspition of Poison leaving behind him the Princess Royal neer her time who to the great joy of the Low Countries was delivâ—red of a young Prince on the 5 of November as a cordial to that immoderate grief Her Highness and her Family took from this sad providence the Prince being the most sincere and absolute friend his late and present Majesty found in the greatest difficulties of their affairs The War in Ireland went on prosperously still with the Parliament the success being very much facilitated by the misunderstanding and divisions that were among the Catholicks and the Protestant Loyal party there in so much that the Lord Ormond the Lieutenant was not regarded among them nor he able through this means to make any head against Ireton then left Deputy in that Kingdom so that little of any memorable action passed in the field till the expiration of the Summer at which time Ireton intending to besiege Limrick one of the strongest Cities in Ireland marched from Waterford and made a compass into the County of Wicklow which being stored with plundered Cattle furnished him with 1600 Cows for provision in that Leaguer and so marched to Athloâ—e in hopes to gain it but finding the Bridge broke and the Town on this side burnt he left that and took two other Castles and the Bur on the same side and presently clapped down before Limrick having marched 150 miles and in some Counties 30 miles together and not a house or living creature to be seen The Marquess Clanrickard to whom the Military power was by general consent devolved as being a Papist and a Native of most Antient and Noble Extraction and by the very good liking of the Marquess of Ormond who had had large experience of his exemplary fidelity to the King and the English interest ever since the very first Rebellion in 1641 having notice of the Enemies being at Athlone marched with 3000 men to whom joyned afterwards young Preston late at Waterford presently to the relief of it if any thing should have been attempted and passing the Shanon having notice of Ireton's quitting Athlone took the two Castles again and laid siege to the Bur where two great Guns had been left by the English To the relief whereof likewise Colonel Axtel having fac'd them before but now reinforced marched with a resolution to Engage being in all some 2500 men whereupon the Marquess Clanrickard quitted the Siege and retreated to Meleke Island bordering upon the Shanon into which there was but one Pass and a Bog on each side On the 25 of October a little before night Axtel made a resolute attempt upon them and after a sharp dispâ—te beat them from the first and second Passes and at the third which was strongly fortified came to the Bâ—t-end of the Musquet and entred the Island which the Irish in flight deserted leaving most of their Arms behind 200 Horse all their Waggons and Baggage so that what by the Sword and the River one half of that Army perished On the English side Captain Goff and a hundred more were killed the Marquess was himself not present but was gone upon a designe against the Siege at Limerick which advanced very slowly The next day the Irish quitted all the Garrisons they had taken and fired thâ—m whereupon Ireton drew from Limerick and took in the stâ—oâ—g Castle of Neanagh in low Ormond and so retreated to his Winter-quarters aâ— Kilkenny in November These untoward events and misfortunes one upon the neck of another together with the displacency and dissatisfaction among themselves made the Lord Ormond despair of retriving His Majesties interest in that Kingdom without forrain assistance and therefore he resolved to depart and signified his intentions accordingly to the Council of of the Irish who after some arguments and intreaties of his further stay did at last humbly and sorrowfully take leave of him rendring him all expressions of thanks and honour for those unwearied Services he had done his Country and passed several Votes in record thereof desiring his Lordship to excuse those many failures which evil times and strange necessities had caused in them and desiring him to be their Advocate to His Majesty and to other Princes to get some aid and supplies from them to the defence of that gasping Realm that now strugled with its last Fate About the beginning of December the Marquess took shipping in a little Frigat called the Elizabeth of 28 Tuns and 4 Guns and set sail from Galloway followed by the Lord Inchiqueen Colonel Vaughan the Noble Colonels Wogan and Warren and some 20 more persons of Honour intending for France Scilly or Iersey but happily landed at St. Malos in France in Ianuary whence they went to Paris and gave the Queen-Mother an account of that Kingdom Thence the Marquess of Ormond removed to Flanders and the Lord Inchiqueen into Holland and came to Amsterdam the Valiant Wogan taking the first opportunity in Scilly in order to his further service of the King in Scotland where he first manifested his Zeal and gallantry to the Royal Cause The noise of these lucky Atchievements had made most of the Neighbouring Princes consider a little further and more regardfully of this Commonwealth more especially such whose Trade by Sea might be incommodated by their Naval-force which now Lorded it in gallant Fleets upon the adjoyning Seas The first whom this danger prevailed upon was the King of Portugal Iohn the 4. whose Fleet laden with Sugar from Brasile General Blake had met with and for his entertainment of Prince Rupert with his Fleet now newly taken and dispersed brought away 9 of them into the River of Thames where they were delivered to the Commissioners for Prize-goods then newly established by Authority of Parliament upon which score the State received in few years many hundred thousand pounds and was cheated of almost as much whose names were Blackwel Blake Sparrow and upon the Dutch-War others particularly named for that very Affair because of its continual Employment In the Month of December therefore he sent hither his Embassador who landed at â—he Isle of Wight and gave notice to the Council of State of his Arrival who instead of a better complement sent him a safe Conduct for his Journey to London there being then open Hostility between the two Nations for that the King of Portugal to satisfie himself of his damages sustained in his Sugar-fleet had seiâ—â—d all the English Merchants goods in Lisbon On the 11 of December he had Audience before a Committee of Parliament attended with the Master of the Ceremonies and 20 of his own retinue in the House
of Lords which he at first refused to accept as being a Diminution to his Masters Greatness but at last was forced to accept of the Lord-Commissioner Whitlock Major-General Harrison Sir Henry Vane Thomas Challoner and others being appointed thereunto He delivered his Credentials which were to the Parliament of England and made an excellent Rhetorical Harangue setting forth the Constant Friendship betwixt both Kingdoms and the Civilities they had received formerly and of late from the English and desiring that the late mis-understanding might occasion no further breach thereof but that a firm and new League might be ratified as formerly He had answer that the Committee would report his Message to the Parliament and so after a mutual Salutation upon the Embassadors rising from his Chair he withdrew with the same attendance But the reason he had no solemner Reception was the pride and opimonastry the States had of themselves by the Courtships and flattering Insinuations of the Spanish Kings Embassador who had likewise desired Audience of them and came with a most welcome acknowledgement of their Commonwealth and it was a reciprocal kindness to him not to allow the Portugal his pretended Rebel and a much less potent Prince the said Grandeurs and Legatory Honours considering besides the uninterrupted amity that had yet been maintained by the Spaniard On the 16 of December therefore Don Alonzo de Cardenas who had lain Leiger Embassador in the Kings time throughout the War was with all State received to Audience in the Parliament-house he having delivered his Credentials to the Speaker which were directed Ad Parliamentum Reipublicae Angliae and Conducted back again with large protestations of friendship and good correspondence on their part to be inviolately observed During these Forrain Agencies the New State was Alarmed with an Insurrection in Norfolk where some hundreds of men were gathered together Declaring for King Charles the second but the County-Horse quartering at Lyn and a Troop of Rich's men that were neer at hand being there before having some intelligence of the designe presently dispersed them most flying into Lincolnshire and saved the London-Forces the trouble of a long Journey who were then on their way To try these Insurrectors a High Court of Iustice was Erected by the Parliament at Norwich the Members and Commissioners whereof chose out of themselves Justice Iermin their President and Justice Puliston and Warberton to be his Co-adjutors Those Condemned 24 whereof 20 were Executed the chief of those thus Condemned were Mr. Cooper a Minister in the same County who was Executed at Holt and died a Loyal and Christian Martyr Major Saul formerly an Officer in the Kings Army and a Merchant and a Brewer in the City of Norwich There were several persons of quality besides as Sir Iohn Tracy Gibbons Esq. and others secured and committed but no proof coming in they were at last acquitted While we mention the High Court of Iustice a very remarkable instance of the Justice of Heaven the Highest Court deserves mention One Anne Green a Servant in Sir Thomas Read's House at Dunstu in Oxfordshire being supposed to be gotten with Childe by one of that Family as the woman constantly affirmed when she had no temptation to lye neer the fourth Month of her time with over-working her self by turning of Malt fell in Travel and not knowing what the matter might be went to the House of Office and with some straining the Childe not above a span-long and of what Sex not to be distinquished fell unawares as she all along affirmeth from her Now there appearing the signes of such a thing in the Linnen where the Wench lay and carrying a suspition thereof and she before confessing that she had been guilty of such matters as might occasion his being with Child thereupon a search was made and the above-said Infant was found on the top of the Jakes and she after three days from her delivery being carried to the Castle of Oxford was forthwith Arraigned before Mr. Crook sitting as Judge in a Commission of Oyer and Terminer and by him Sentenced to be Hanged which was Executed on the 14 day of December in the said Castle-yard She hung there neer half an hour being pulled by the Legs and struck on the Brest by divers Friends and above all received several stroaks on her Stomack with the But-end of a Souldiers Musquet Being cut down she was put into a Coffin and brought to a house to be Dissected before a Company of Physicians according to appointment by Doctor Petty the Anatomy-Reader in that University When they opened the Coffin to prepare the Body for Dissection they perceived some small ratling in her Throat and a lusty Fellow standing by thinking to do an act of Charity stamped upon her Breast and Belly Doctor Petty Mr. Willis of Christ-Church and Mr. Clerk of Magdalen-Colledge presently used means and opening a Vein laid her in a warm Bed and caused one to go into Bed to her and continued the use of divers Remedies respecting her senselessness Head Throat and Brest so that it pleased God within 14 hours she spoke and the next day talked and prayed very heartily and was in a hopeful way of perfect health whereupon the Governour presently procured her a Reprieve thousands of people coming to see her and magnifying the just providence of God in asserting her Innocency of Murther After two or three days of her recovery when Doctor Petty heard she had spoken and suspecting that the Women about her might suggest unto her to relate of strange Visions and Apparitions to have been seen by her in that time wherein she seemed dead which they had begun to do having caused all to depart the room but the other Gentlemen of the Faculty she was asked concerning her sense and apprehensions during that time she was Hanged At first she spake somewhat impertinently talking as if she had been now to suffer and when they spake unto her of her miraculous deliverance from so great sufferings she answered That she hoped that God would give her patience and the like Afterward when she was better recovered she affirmed and doth still that she neither remembereth how her Fetters were knocked off how she went out of the Prison when she was turned off tâ—e Ladder whether any Psalm was sung or not nor was she sensible of any pain as she can remember Another thing observable is that she came to her self as if she had awakened out of a Sleep not recovering the use of speech by slow degrees but in a manner all together beginning to speak just where she had left off on the Gallows I have thought this occurrence no way unworthy of a Remembrance in this Chronicle but very fit to be transmitted to Posterity for Gods Glory and Mans Caution in Judging and punishing Several Acts passed the Parliament this Ianuary as namely for continuance of the Committee for the Army and Treasurers at War
Conditions some of thâ—se that did being Imprisoned the Court and Camp being sadly affected with this loss The Provost of Edenburgh Sir James Stuart is in Town but keeps private lest the Wives in the streets should abuse him as they did Straughan and Ker at their coming hither the Lord Warreston who came as he pretended for the Records is not yet returned but stays in Town for he cares not to go back He and the rest of that Remonstrant Tribe are Summoned to come to Parliament Colonel Dundass Straughan and Captain Giffan with Abernethy Swinton and Andrews were else to be Excommunicated and Declared Traytors which was done January 14. Mr. James Guthry and the Earl of Lothian and General Holborn were generally suspected with Sir John Chiefly who are every day expected in our Quarters Rutherford and Gillespy are likewise dissenters from the present manage of affairs Ker saith his wound on his right hand is Gods Justice against him for lifting it up against us in such a cause as he maintained And so I will conclude all those Treasonable practices and fomented divisions of that Nation against their common Interest Having first acquainted the Reader with an occurrence of the like nature from the better mannered and necessity-instructed Kirk who yet would fain have been paramount and were most boldly sollicitous with the King to consent to some other Acts mis-becoming the Majesty of a Soveraign and the Honour of His Crown which the King generously and disdainfully refusing there flew such rumours and whispers as if some disloyal and dishonest Counsels were hatching against his Person whereupon the King privately withdrew himself to his Northern Friends and Forces under General Middleton till such time as a right understanding Hostages being given on both sides as to his party and theirs was setled betwixt them which was firmly and absolutely concluded in an unanimous resolve of his immediate Coronation which was solemnly performed on the first of Ianuary in this manner First the Kings Majesty in a Princes Robe was conducted from his Bedchamber by the Constable on his right hand and the Marshal on his left to the Chamber of Presence and there was placed in a Chair under a Cloath of State by the Lord of Angus Chamberlain appointed by the King for that day and there after a little repose the Noblemen with the Commissioners of Barons and Burroughs entred the Hall and presented themselves before His Majesty Thereafter the Lord Chancellor spoke to the King to this purpose Sir your good Subjects desire You may be Crowned as the righteous and Lawful Heir of the Crown of this Kingdom that You would maintain Religion as it is presently professed and established Also that You would be graciously pleased to receive them under Your Highness's Protection to Govern them by the Laws of the Kingdom and to defend them in their Rights and Liberties by Your Royal Power offering themselves in most humble manner to your Majesty with their Vows to bestow Land Life and what else is in their Power for the maintenance of Religion for the safety of Your Majesties sacred Person and maintenance of Your Crown which they intreat Your Majesty to accept and pray Almighty God that for many years You may happily enjoy the same The King made this Answer I do esteem the affections of my good People more than the Crowns of many Kingdoms and shall be ready by Gods assistance to bestow my Life in their defence wishing to live no longer than I may see Religion and this Kingdom flourish in all happiness Thereafter the Commissioners of Borroughs and Barons and the Noblemen accompanied His Majesty to the Kirk of Scoone in order and rank according to their quality two and two The Spurs being carried by the Earl of Eglington Next the Sword by the Earl of Rothes Then the Scepter by the Earl of Crawford and Lindsey And the Crown by the Marquess of Arguile immediately before the King Then came the King with the great Constable on the right hand and the great Marshal on his left his Train being carried by the Lord Ereskine the Lord Montgomery the Lord Newbottle and the Lord Machlelene four Earls Eldest Sons under a Canopy of Crimson-Velvet supported by six Earls Sons to wit the Lord Drummond the Lord Carnegie the Lord Ramsey the Lord Iohnston the Lord Brâ—chin the Lord Yester and the six Carriers supported by six Noblemens Sons Thus the Kings Majesty entred the Kirk The Kirk being fitted and prepared with a Table whereupon the Honours were laid and a Chair set in a fitting place for His Majesty to hear a Sermon over against the Minister and another Chair on the other side where He received the Crown before which there was a Bench decently covered as also for seats about for Noblemen Barons and Burgesses and there being also a Stage in a fit place erected of 24 foot square about four foot high from the ground covered with Carpets with two stairs one from the West another to the East upon which great Stage there was another little Stage erected some two foot high ascending by two steps on which the Throne or Chair of State was set The Kirk thus fittingly prepared the Kings Majesty entred the same accompanied as aforesaid and first set himself in his Chair for hearing of Sermon which was Preached by Mr. Robert Douglas A la mode the Covenant About this time the young Prince of Aurange was Christened at which celebration the States General of Holland of Amsterdam of Delf were his God-fathers and the Queen of Bohemia and the old Princess of Aurange his God-mothers and was named William Frederick Henry But this being over the King intended to march Northward to hasten the said levies by his presence but the Nobility and Gentry of the High-lands promising to effect that affair with all expedition he went no further than Aberdeen having more occasion to continue in the Southern parts to keep the newly re-cemented friendship betwixt both parties entire and from other new Ruptures and to countenance his friends who now were admitted into the chiefest places of Trust and Offices Duke Hamilton being received into the Army Earl of Crawford made Governour of Sterling Middleton Lieutenant-General and other Loyal Scotch Lords in Offices and Commands befitting their quality and to their seats in Parliament which was to set down the 15 of February the King diverting himself in the mean time at his house of Falkland care being taken to secure the Castle of Fife from any Invasion two attempts that way being already made in the beginning of February upon Brunt Island which nevertheless miscarried with a great loss of men but the want of Provisions the English then laboured under and their having hopes of plenty on that â—ide Fife being the fertilest and most abounding place in all Scotland made them every day contrive and venture a landing thereon and flat-bottomed Boats and Sloops were
discourses were concerning his Death as either partie wished for he was brought very low but being recovered to some degree of Health by these Gentlemen it was presently sounded like a Proclamation and I have therefore thought fit to transcribe a piece of the Letter that the World may see what queer Hypocrites his Attendants like himself and his times were by the pious Nonsense and most Blasphemous Flattery of this Apocryphal Epistle If I knew the Secretary or Inditer I would Chronicle him for his Pen. Truly Sir His Life and Health are exceeding precious and I account it every day a greater mercy than other that we have his Life observing that every dispensation of God draws him nearer to himself and makes him more Heavenly and Holy and by consequence more useful for his Generation in the management of that power God hath Committed to him c. The Parliament of Scotland after long debate had Passed an Act of Olivion for all things done thitherto inviting thereby all Parties to joyn in carrying on the Service of King and Kingdom and a new Engagement with the Sacrament was taken by the Kings Army to adhere to him whereupon all Faction and Division seemed to be laid aside the Royalists and Kirk-men good Friends and the Earl of Calendar made Commander in chief of the new Levies and this newly made Peace and Friendship was no more than just necessary for the Wolf was at the Door and ready to seize In the interim it was thought expedient for some of their Horse to march to Dumfrize in the West of Scotland now deserted by the Enemy and to make more considerable Levies On the 7 of May Mr. Love Mr. Ienkins Mr. Drake and other Presbyterians had been seized by order of the Council of State in order to their Tryal before the High Court of Iustice as yet standing by Adjournments and having three times convened before them old and resolute Sir Iohn Stawel who so gravelled them that at the third Hearing they were forced to desist from the pursuit of his Blood and making report thereof to the Parliament they Voted the sale of his Estate giving him sad cause to complain with Iob With the Skin of my Teeth am I escaped making an exception to that general Rule Vestigia cerno omnia te adversum spectantia nulla retrorsum He first escaping Condemnation at that Tribunal Now the aforesaid Ministers with some Laicks Engaged in the said practise for the King were brought thither and Mr. Love first and principally charged with High Treason against the State for holding correspondence with the King and his Party and supplying them with Money contrary to an Act of Parliament in that case provided After several appearances in all which Mr. Love very undauntedly disputed the Court one Mr. Iackson a Minister denying to give in Evidence against him was fined 500 l. and committed to the Fleet which made him more passionate and confident but the accusation being at last proved against him he desired Lawyers to assist him and had them assigned but they not having taken the Engagement would not be admitted to Plead Mr. Hales onely excepted In sum his main defence appearing to be equivocal in that he averr'd he did not personally correspond neither Write nor receive Letters nor send any or receive any Money to that use himself and to consist also of an allegation of his merits mixt with invectives against the Court and its Authority which he aided with Scripture-proof in an Oration of two hours on the 15 of Iune On the 5 of Iuly they proceeded to Sentence which was that he should be Beheaded the time appointed the 15 day of the same Month which by several Petitions of his Wife and others was respited to the 15 of August And in the mean time on the 18 of the same Month Mr. Potter an Apothecary in Black-friers and one Mr. Gibbons were tryed before the same Court Potter confessed and craved their mercy Gibbons pleaded matter of Law but on the 25 of Iuly they were both Sentenced as Mr. Love who not coming up to the Parliaments expectation of discovery and more humble submission and acknowledgement of their Authority and the King advanced into England had his Reprieve cassated by the Parliament who referring him to the High Court of Iustice they ordered his Execution with Gibbons on the 22 of August which was done on Tower-hill accordingly Mr. Love resolutely enough and I am loath to prejudice his Memory for his designe was good proof of his Loyalty Gibbons bewrayed something of pusillanimity as being a Taylor and after a kind of Sollicitor to Mr. Hollis for whose relation more than his own guilt he was thought fit to suffer for when the Blow was just a coming upon his Neck he turned his Eyes and Face towards the Executioner in hopes or desire at least of some Reprieve but present Death freed him with other troubles and sollicitudes of Life from that sudden anxiety And so we have done with our High Court of Iustice for this Session This High Court of Iustice was so much their darling that the antient Judicatures had little or no respect especially they could not endure any of those Courts that more immediately related to the King and as they had changed the name of his Bench to the Vpper-Bench so now that there might remain no footsteps of a Court or the Majesty of a Prince they abolished the Marshals-Court at Southwarke which was a kinde of a peculiar Kings-Bench for the Verge that is 12 miles circuit every way round the Kings Residence and Palace that there might be no annoyance nor disorder committed neer his Person It was resolved therefore Iuly the 8 that the Court of the Knight-Marshal held in Southwarke should be from and after the first of August next absolutely dissolved and taken away and no further Suit Action or Proceeding to be had thereupon About this time they passed another Act which as that struck at the Root of the Royalty of England so this lopt the Branches that clave to it viz. An Act for the sale of Delinquents Lands such as had with the utmost of their Lives and Fortunes served the late King in our unnatural Wars It will be needless and too bulky to name them particularly we will mention onely some of the principal the Duke of Buckingham the Marquesses of Newcastle Worcester Winchester the Earls of Cleveland Norwich Scarsdale the Lords Hapton Wilmot Langdale Gerard Cottington Iermin Percy Culpeper Hide and lastly the Lord Craven whose Princely Estate was enough to help them to a quarrel against him which they managed by a perjured Fellow one Faulkner into a suspition of Treason he deposing that the said Lord Craven had delivered a Petition to the King at Breda from him and other Cavalier-Officers wherein the Parliament were termed Bloody and Barbarous Rebels and Traytors This wretched subornation was laid
at home under such and such fines but none to be indempnified by any Articles that should be found guilty of any Massacre in the first year of the Rebellion Galloway had before offered to capitulate but because the Articles were somewhat of the largest demand they were first transmitted to the Parliament for there was no plenipotence then in Ireland Lambert was nominated but by Cromwel mockt of the honour of Lord-Deputy a person too brisk and understanding and seeking his Interest too much for that employment it being reserved for Fleetwood after his Marriage with Oliver's Daughter and Ireton's Relict The English had now a meeting with the Marquess of Arguile after many delays and put offs and fine excuses for them about the 20 of March at Dumbarton-Castle whither within an hour after the arrival of the Parliaments-Commissioners Major-General Dean and Major Saloway for Dean was not thought Mercurial enough of himself to word it with the Scot he came attended by some 30 persons having ordered before the most of his Name and Septs of Highland-Gentry to wait on him He insisted much upon the Salvo Iure of the Kirk who had fasted and prayed for a blessing on this meeting the Marquess being the Patron and principal defender of their mouldering Presbytery After two or three days conference the Sophie's parted having entertained their time with some Godly descants upon providence the Parliaments most Supreme Authority and his Highland mightiness Blackness-Castle was now ordered to be blown up with Powder by Dean who passed by Newark-house Garrisoned as was said last Summer by the English but retaken soon after by Colonel Massey in his march upon the Lancashire designe to Ayre where the platform of a Citadel was now laid as being most convenient for the Trade either of France or Ireland lying the most Westward part of Scotland to the Highlands Several mischiefs were about this time done by the Moss-Troopers about the Borders A considerable party of Horse and Foot under Commissary-General Reynolds were sent to Athlone which lies in the center of Ireland where he in this month of March reduced Bally League and two other Garrisons in the Collough and thereby gained a very considerable Pass over the Shannon and firm hold and footing in the County of Longford so that in all with Logh-rea Portumna Ballinaston Melecha Ragera c. thirty several places were taken Galloway was now likewise upon Treaty of a surrender and had sent out their Propositions in the framing whereof some disputes and difference arose betwixt the Souldiers and Citizens but by the wisdome and menage of the Marquess Clanrickard were again accommodated That which made this willingness of yielding was the several losses of Vessels with Corn and Provision intercepted by some ships of the Parliament who watched that Harbour and Lorrain was despaired of being now engaged upon a march into France Those Articles being thought too high by L. G. Ludlow then Commander in chief in Ireland were by him and the Commissioners transmitted to England The year ends with an Act for removing obstructions in the sale of the King Queens Lands c. the Commissioners being Sir William Roberts Francis Mussenden and others who made quick work of the Royal Revenue Anno Dom. 1652. THis Year began with a most dreadful expectation of an approaching Eclipse on the 29 of March the effects whereof one William Lilly a man infamous for Prognosticks and Divinations against the King His Cause and His Party and others of that Astrological Tribe had predicted should be sudden and most pernicious and during the time thereof it should be so dark that men should hardly be able to Read or Write without a Candle the day it happened on being therefore called by them Black-munday But Lilly so shot beyond the mark it proving not half so gloomy and terrible though most people were so foolishly fearful as to take Antidotes and keep close for fear of some maligne Influences and Vapours that his credit of Vaticination was utterly lost and regarded no more for the future than one of his old worthless Almanacks I mention this the rather because this mans wilde presages were the Oracles of the Vulgar for on his fatidical Lips they depended which never failed of pronouncing successes to those Worthies of Westminster whose Balaam he might have been said to have been being hired by them to detract from the King The Parliament having the Dutch business mainly in their Eye it was necessary that a full and plenary deliberation and resolution should be used in that affair and therefore they ordered the vacating of several Committees that the House might be better attended and the Publike first served the powers of the Committees for the University and Indemnity which it had been happy for the Royalists had never been in 〈◊〉 were now recalled the one was utterly extinct the other revived soon 〈◊〉 in that of-it-self-enough injurious Judicature at Haberdashers-hall the Câ—â—missioners thereof being Authorized to proceed in this The King was yet at Paris during the Commotions and Broils between the French King and the Princes of the Blood more especially the two Princes of Conde and Comi for the Duke of Orleans the Kings Uncle was rather an abettor than a principal in the Quarrel which arose from Cardinal Mazarine's prevalency and Authority at Court Paris was then troubled with the same Meagrome that whirl'd the City of London into those tumultuous Uproars in 1641. and as mad against the Errours of Government and evil Counsellors and had the like nay greater advantages and countenance of a Nobility and the Blood Royal though that King was not then to seek for Arms Money or his Castles but with a well-furnisht Army was able to chastise these undutiful demeanors of His Subjects The Spaniard whose Interest it was to keep these dissentions on foot foreseeing the weakness of the Princes Forces offered them his assistance having almost mastered Barcelona the Capital City in Catalonia held by the French and Graveling in Flanders just upon the surrender and Dunkirk designed also to the same Conquest and presently sent in the Duke of Lorrain with all his Forces into France while in the interim Marshal De Turenne the Kings General had defeated the Duke De Nemours with the Princes Army at Estampes But these Auxiliaries seemed so to turn the ballance of that Victory that the King our Soveraign who had from his first arrival laboured in the intrigue of that difference perswading the French King to some condescentions of Peace and had passed personally betwixt both parties advising that King from the unhappy Issues of the War in England which had so fatally evened to Himself not to refuse an Accommodation and accounting to the Princes the Kings strength and power and probability of reducing them though to little effect Now to save the further effusion of Blood and to prevent that Ruine which he saw so neer at hand
wherein He was so much concerned by the obstinacy of the Princes party who would not yield to any thing without the Cardinals removal which the King and Queen-mother would no way grant at the Command of their Subjects He betook himself to the Duke of Lorrain then at Dampmartin where he was received with all possible demonstrations of Honour by that Army drawn up in Battalia the Irish Officers of three Regiments of that Nation being admitted to kiss his Hand In this encounter at Estampes the Duke of York then on the Kings side did so nobly and valiantly behave himself that the Marshal de Turenne his General gave a very obliging Character of him in his Letters as the onely meriting person in that Service which procured him especial regard and Honour from that Court and all the Grandees of that Nation which they abundantly testified on all occasions In the interim of that Action the King His Brother after some Conference with the Duke of Lorrain had engaged him to a kind of Neutrality which he declared and made evident just as the two Armies of the King and Princes were facing one another to the disappointment of a resolution and desperate Engagement on the Princes â—ide who were compell'd to retreat to Paris and resume those thoughts of Peace which from their Confidence in Lorrain they had totally abandoned The frantick Parisians were so incensed at this peaceful conclusion that they publikely taxed the King and His Mothers menage thereof with that Duke so that till the advantages thereof should reclaim their mistake the King withdrew himself for some time to St. Germains whence upon the conclusion of the whole affair he returned most infinitely welcome to those so lately-passionate and inconsiderate people Whither a while before the Marchioness of Ormond having left Ireland came to meet the Marquess her Husband and was followed by the Earl of Castlehaven We must back again return to that Kingdom now quite spent with the continued Calamities of a luckless War which after several Surrenders and Capitulations was managed there by flyiâ—◠〈◊〉 and sudden Excursions and Retreats the sum of which was in 〈◊〉 On the third of April Roscommon-Castle was yiâ—lded as likewise 〈◊〉 Town to Commissary-General Reynolds by Major Daly and Colonel Connor Teige O. Roe submitted at the same time upon Articles soon after the Earl of Westmeath and Sir William Tungan Sir Francis Talbot and many others to the number of 800 after a Treaty at Kilkenny did the same and the Lord Muskerry was sending the same way but thought his past Actions and his Condition more considerable than to be hudled up in common and ordinary Terms Onely the Lord-Marquess Clanrickard according to the Tenour of his past promise upon his first undertaking the Service and after the sole Command of the Army resolvedly and Loyally waived the proffer of those Kilkenny-Articles which were now tendered as their standing Rule to all the Irish namely upon submission protection and those who ever they were that should be found guilty of the Massacres in the first Rebellion to be questionable for it and to be excluded from any benefit of Conditions and prosecuted the War afresh On the 16 of May with the Connaught-Forces he marched to Ballishannon having drawn with him some Ordnance from Slego and after two days Battery made a breach and Stormed it and after two repulses carried it by main force and gave such Quarter as his Party on the like occasion used to receive next he took Dungal-Castle and there the Vlster-Forces under Sir Phelim O Neal the O. Relies and Mac Mahon's joyned with him but upon notice of Sir Charles Coot's advancing thither after him and of Venable's Brigades to assist him he departed to Armagh intending for Raphoe and in the mean time Lieutenant-General Ludlow marched towards Ross in Kerry to attaque that strength of the Lord Muskerries and Lieutenant-Colonel Throckmorton May the 6 defeated a party of 500 Foot and 400 Horse neer Wexford under Commissary-General Duncan at the same time in Treaty with Ludlow who now likewise had reduced the Lord Muskerry to a necessity of such Terms a party of his Forces being defeated by the Lord Broghil 300 killed and Colonel Supple and other Officers taken Prisoners as he bogled at first his strong Hold of Ross having yielded on the 27 of Iune and his Field-forces laying down their Arms upon Articles for Transportation Iuly 5. And Colonel Grace had a brush from Colonel Henry Ingoldsby and another part of that Army of the Vltoghs under Mac Reli defeated in Gavan by Sir Theophilus Iones on Iune the 14. These Losses and Defeats together with the rendition of Galloway on the 12 day of May and Proclamation of the Commissioners for Outlawing the County of Wicklow and parts adjacent to it out of which those salleys of Tories were frequently made and not pursuable therein by reason of the Fastnesses and Bogs it being the Store-house and Magazine of Victual for the Irish and now miserably harassed with Fire and Sword without mercy by the English the rather for the death of Colonel Cook slain by Nash and his party of Irish though Nash died also upon the same spot some while before made Ireland a Scene of blood and misery and the stubborn Natives and the resolute Loyal English-Irish a mournful consideration to their Friends and a wanting laborious defence to themselves nothing being to be afforded further upon the most considerable Surrender than common protection and Indemnity from the Parliament Ballishannon was again retaken upon quarter for Life and Slego Rendred to Sir Charles Coot Colonel Grace got over the Shanon from Colonel Ingoldsby having lost 2 Colonels 7 Captains and 800 Souldiers killed and taken Iune 20. In May the Commissioners of the Parliament for the settlement of the Nation of Scotland having had conference with the Deputies of some Shires who accepted the Union and refused to Treat with others that came not with a Plenipotence for their acquiescing therein and engagement to it and the Authority of the Parliament and to the fuller effect thereof had caused Proclamation to be made that such Deputies as should acknowledge and accept the said Union should proceed to the Election of 14 Deputies of Shires and 7 for the Burghs by August to attend the Parliament at London in the behalf of the whole Kingdom departed out of Scotland for London to make report of their transaction which had hitherto met with very obstinate averseness to the Parliaments tender of Incorporation the provincial Assemblies of the Kirk every where declaring against it forbidding the people to accept or embrace any such motion Nor did the new English Judges finde better welcome than the Commissioners though three of them were noted men of the Scotch Nation the chief of whom was the Lord Swinton and Colonel Lockhart and though at their opening of the Session or Term they
Dean was now remanded and returned from Scotland as a more confiding deserver on whom another Sea-General was to be conferred Sir George had 300 l. in Ireland per annum and 300 l. in Money for his pains In the mean time the States of Holland sent away Messengers and Expresses to Denmark and the Hans Towns to Sweden and Poland to give notice of the Commencement of this War and to gain these several States to their party Cordage and Tar being no way else to be had as also to give timely advice to their Merchants how to manage and secure their Estates from the English A Proposal was likewise framed of sending for Prince Rupert then about the Western Isles of America having taken some West-Country Ships being known by his black Ancient which he wore in his Poop as a mourning Emblem of the Kings Death attended but with a Fleet of six ships and espousing the Kings Quarrel but those were but high-flown vapours of their own without any ground save that the Prince of Aurange was generally and publickly commended to and almost enforced upon the State as Statdholder and Captain-General as was his Father and some affronts were done to those that were known to be disaffected to that Family among whom was the Lord Embassador Paw whose house they attempted to Storm nor was De Wit one of their prime Seamen much more in favour as the Zealanders soon after evidenced Their Interest indeed was so much the more considerable because of the Marquess of Brandenburgh the next ally but the King whose Usurped Rights it vindicated and asserted would much conduce to the advantaging of them in a vigorous prosecution of the War from whom they had already promises of a large assistance of 10000 men upon no other score but his Nephews as appeared in his non-performance of that proffer when the States of Holland boggled at the Overtures and Demands made by the other Provinces about the Prince and in the same kinde he served them having engaged their concernment in the Polish War not long after leaving them in the lurch after the Elbing-Treaty So that of all Princes their Friends they now relied most upon the Dane and the French with whom they doubted not to make a League Offensive and Defensive against the English Slily assisted by the Spaniard and hoping of a fair beginning of Amity with Sweden onely Yet nevertheless confident were our States of going luckily through this hazardous and potent Enmity or would their proud stomacks Drunk with success as the Dutch Declaration twitted them abate a sillable of what they had determined for having given that Categorick or positive Answer above recited upon the Dutch Embassadors desire of leave to depart according to their Superiours as peremptory orders they without any more ado presently offered them Audience in order thereunto Monsieur Paw in a Latine Speech delivered the sense of the Quarrel and Breach in very equal words without any further expedients mentioned by them to resume the accommodation Paw at his return quickly died of a surfeit of broyl'd Salmon no way lamented by the house of Aurange a man suspected of ill Counsel given against the Martyr-King he being sent hither about the time of his Martyrdom and known to have some of his Majesties Houshold-goods and Jewels as Bribes however honested by a pretence of purchase for his service to the English States The Lord Williamson and his colleague Embassadors of Denmark demanded the same Audience the same time being about the 29 of Iune In Ireland after Sir Charles Coot had taken in Ballymote he pressed so hard upon the Lord Clanrickard that he was forced for shelter to betake himself into the Isle of Carick while Sir Charles quartered at Portumna resolved to reduce him which being inevitable the gallant Marquess came now at last in this desperate Juncture to an Agreement which was no more than ordinary Liberty to Transport himself and 3000 Irish more into any Pieces Country and service then in Amity with England within a short limitation of time Not long after Colonel Richard Grace being pursued into his Fastness being the strong Fort of Inchlough in a Bog yielded upon the like Terms on the first of August to Colonel Sanckey there marched out with him 1050 men for Transportation O Brian yet held out in the Mountains of Kerry and Cork Birn Phelim Mac Hugh and Cavenagh in the Fastnesses of Wexford and Wicklow O Neal and Rely in Vlster to all which places under Reynolds Venables Sanchy Sir Charles Coot and Lieutenant-General Ludlow distinct Forces were ordered to march Fitz Patrick and Odwire's men were also now shipt the Commissioners for the Parliament very willing to be rid of their Company and they as glad to be gone to avoid the Halter then threatned by a High Court of Iustice. In Scotland there were some stirs in the Highlands by Glengary the Frazers and Mac Reynolds and some other Septs whereof one Mac Knab was killed with some more of his men being in a party which was met with by the English Highland-Forces of Lilburn and other Regiments Encamped at Innerara one of Arguile's strong Castles but nothing else happened though the Scots were 1500 strong but Arguile absolutely complied with the Parliament sending them provision and supplies of all sorts yet before Summer was quite spent the Highlanders had made a shift to surprize two of their new-Garrisoned Castles in these parts and made good their several Clans and possessions At home the Parliament had a greater mischief breeding against them than they feared from the most dangerous of their Forrain Enemies A dangerous Imposture of Ambition whose quabbing beating pains gave them no rest nor could all their skill tell how to asswage or cure it It swelled every day more and more in continual Addresses Desires Petitions Declarations till it came to be ripe and then burst out to the dissolution of this Political body This was the reiterated and inculcated story of the Parliaments providing for future equal Representatives and putting a period to this than which nothing could be more distastful and of greater antipathy to the present Members which yet they did most artfully conceal and dissemble in a hundred complying Votes and Resolves even to the ascertaining of the longest day November the 5 1654. for their sitting but that was two years too long for Cromwel whose Fingers itched to be managing a Scepter In order to this delay the Committee that first sat and hatcht upon this Bill were removed from the Nest and the addle Eggs put under the chill incumbency of other Wilde-towl and they to proceed therein with all expedition a thing so unlikely that Sultan Cromwel who expected a Grand Cairo brood resolved not to be baffled much longer or await the leisure of his Mercenary servants as after a Fast and Humiliation of him and his Council of Officers and the Communication of the grounds thereof to the whole Army in
Captain Appleton then at Legborn engaging of their Ships away the two Frigats made away from Longone and took a ship claimed by the Genoese and brought her to their Fleet whose Commander was now at Legborn interceding with that Duke for the liberty of Captain Appleton there restrained upon some picque for the Great Duke of Florence in whose tuition that City is was not over-qualified with respect to this Republick however his Interest and advantage of our Trade and famous Mart there kept him neutral and indifferent The Lord Hopton that most Renowned General in the West for the King departed this Warfare of Life in the end of September at Bruges in Flanders an Heroe worthy of Pompey's distanced Urns that each Region of the World should have inhumed a piece of him that his Interment might have been as large as his Fame which hath told the Universe the Glory of his Actions but what is so envied him was direfully indulged to the Royal Cause and the assertors of it Iacere uno non potuit tantae ruina loco All Nations and people saw and felt the woful Effects and Consequences of our subverted Monarchy and in that overthrow nothing was more miserable than the undeserved Wandrings and Distresses of these Loyal and most Noble Exiles whose Condition mindes us to attend it a little further Against the French Kings returning in peace to his tumultuous City of Paris in this Month wrought by the means and counsel of our Soveraign He with the rest of his Lords and Nobility then of his Council at Paris in great State went out to meet him and welcome him home to his Palace of the Louvre A most acceptable glad Complement to that Prince but a sad reduction to his own minde of that untamable force and injury by which he was kept out from his Kingdoms though now the progress of Providence did seem to verge and dispose events to the former course of the English Soveraignty For the French King before the Cardinals return gave most express assurance of his utmost assistance to the regaining his Crowns as soon as he had setled his own and was thereby rendered capable of doing it and the Dutch had now likewise made overtures to him of espousing his Interest and had granted him already free Ports in their Country for his Men of War to harbour in and sell their Prizes they should take and there was every day expectation of Prince Rupert to come and command a Squadron in that Service upon the Kings account The same forward hopes he had likewise received from several Princes of Germany viz. The Emperour himself with whom the King had one Mr. Taylor his Resident in honourable esteem the Marquess of Brandenburgh the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburgh and the rest of those Potentates His Couzen the Prince Elector Palatine was yet raw in the World having newly Frankendale delivered to him by the Spaniard who had kept it neer forty years as also from the King of Denmark A Diet was now also to be held at Ratisbone for the Election of a King of the Romans the onely opportune time for â—â—m to prosecute his business for supplies and assistance to recover his Rights finding all the respective Princes personally present Therefore the Lord Wilmot now honoured upon this grand Affair with the Title of Earl of Rochester the Duke of Buckingham was designed his Colleague was honoured with the Embassie thither and provision made to discharge the State and expence of it that the King might appear not altogether lost in the world or as an abject and forlorn Prince since not pitty of his misfortunes but indignation at his injuries was the best motive to his assistance and this becoming Grandeur was in good time set out amply and honourably enough by the liberal Purse of his dear Relations and the seasonable payment of his Money out of the French Treasury His Lordship departed home but in Ianuary and by the way of Heidelberg where the same Prince Elector was gone before arrived at Strasburgh and was with all possible evidence and expressions of Honour and Devotion to his Majesties cause and present business received by that most Illustrious and grand Assembly The Lord Wentworth was afterwards sent in the same Employment to the King of Denmark and by him welcomed and entertained with all demonstrations of love and affection becoming his Relation where the Dutch upon their engagement of saving that King harmless from any demand or whatsoever pretence of the English had engaged him to joyn in a League Offensive and Defensive with that State and to concur in any other designe whatsoever The King yet at Paris amidst a hundred Caresses Gratulations and Treatments given him by the King the Queen-Mother and all the Grandees of that Court upon the happy occasion of the late peaceful settlement The Dutch with extraordinary diligence and intent care of their honour and interest in this Quarrel had equipped another Fleet which was now committed to Van Trump though some rumours were spread as if he should be honourably laid aside in the administration of another Land-Office in the inspection of the Admiralty a Fleet of 300 Merchant-men bound for France and the Levant and these Occidental parts being ready for his Convoy Intelligence was now likewise given him that as formerly the States had been informed the English Fleet was no way recruited but that the most part of that Fleet with which De Wit Engaged was gone into Ports and that now Blake might be easily beaten in the Downs and so the Mouth of the River stopt the War come to a period and the Dutch have satisfaction for the damage done them and Sea-Towns in England put into their hands for future security and nothing less would content Hans in this Top-gallant humour On the 29 of November Trump presented himself with 80 Men of War and ten Fireships on the back-side of the Goodwyn again and according to expectation found General Blake attended with no more than forty and odd fail as if he had been ignorant how to use his late Victory which came now to the dispute and to be an undecided controversie again yet Blake generously disdaining to be affronted again in the Downs having called a Council of War it was concluded he should fight though at so unequal disadvantage but the Wind rising the Engagement was hindred till the next day and Anchoring the night before a little above Dover-road fair by the Enemy neer morning both Fleets plyed Westward we having the Weather-gage and about eleven or twelve a clock Engaged neer the same place where the first Encounter was but not with the same success for half the Fleet did not Engage the Victory Vantguard and the Triumph the Admiral-ship bore most of the stress of the Fight being at one time engaged with 20 Dutch men and were sorely torn in their Rigging Sails Yards and Hull yet they fought till after it was dark
them as fully as when the Parliament was sitting Signed in the Name and by the Appointment of his Excellency the Lord-General and his Council of Officers William Malyn Secret White hall the 22 of April 1653. The next thing they published was an Injunction to all the Officers and Souldiers in the Army forbidding them to make any disturbance in Churches or affronting of Ministers and people in Congregations which was done to gain them an opinion of Religious Piety and Zeal for the Worship and Service of God now frequently profaned by the Sectarian Principles of Anabaptism Quaking and Ranting the two later whereof began to spread about this time and be very infectious in the Army and their Quarters which were licensed among the Souldiery who were every where drawn together to Rendezvouzes to subscribe Addresses to their General declaring their approbation of what he had done to the Government and promising to assist him in his undertakings with their Lives with their hopeful expectation of the great and glorious Work to be accomplished by him to the building up of Sion c. The like he received from the Fleet upon the news of the Change communicated to them who resolved with the same courage to proceed against the common Enemy the Dutch Vice-Admiral Pen being now in the Downs with seventy sail of â—â—out Men of War and General Monke and Dean expected with some more of the Western squadron with which they now Anchored at Saint Hellen's Point The first Forrain Address that was made to this DICTATOR for such another Regiment was that of Lucius Scylla and C. Marius amongst the Romans for by that term of Authority he is bâ—â—t distinguished was from the Agents of the Rebel-City of Bourdeaux then maintained by the Prince of Conti against the French King while his Embassador Bourdeaux was here for a Peace whose offering a more advantageous Treaty to the Interest of Cromwel was one occasion of crushing that transaction and Cromwel besides was ready to Prince it himself and those Examples were no way to be encouraged by him The Dictator having held the Supreme Power some few days devolved it by a Declaration to a Council of State his ignorant conceited Officers soaring such flights and such their extravagant notions of Government and their pertness in them that made him quickly weary of such Counsellors or Companions these were partly the greatest Officers in the Army as Lambert Dean Harrison and partly Members of the late Parliament among whom the Lord Fairfax was by name now listed into this Juncto and some other new Gamesters of Cromwel's Cabinet Counsel At the latter end of this Declaration he limited the time of their power till the persons of known Fidelity and Honesty should meet according to the nomination appointment of his Council to take upon them the Supream Authority and in the interim to this Council all obedience upon Peril was required and all Justices and Sheriffs and other Officers were ordered to continue in their respective Commissions and places and Writs to run in the same stile of the Keepers of the Liberties of England The first work this Council did was the publishing of an Ordinance for six months Assessment from the 24 of Iune and was obeyed in all points like an Act of Parliament and better welcomed than any of the late ones for its decrease of the Tax to a considerable fall another Artifice to gain the people but the Treasuries were now reasonable full by the Providence of all Parliament The Town of Marlborough was reduced almost to Ashes April 28 an ominous Commencement of this Incendiaries Usurpation whose red and fiery Nose was the burden of many a Cavalier-Song This turn and Translation of the Government was very acceptable news to the King at Paris his Friends and Counsellors saluting and complementing him with the infallible hopes of his Restitution by those means and much Jollity and Gladness there was concerning it and many Treatments given the King The Earl of Bristol late Lord Digby was now honoured with the Order of the Garter at Paris and great expectation there was of a successful Issue of the Earl of Rochester's Negotiation at the Diet at â—atisbone and of potent assistance from other Princes His Allies and Confederates among whom the Dutch were now reckoned not the least considerable General Middleton being on his Journey thither to Treat with them about furnishing an Expedition into Scotland where he was to Command in chief but the Dutch having offered a Treaty at any neutral place which was now refused by Cromwel except at London they would not presently Engage till that Issue was known The King of Denmark now also published his Manifesto against the English and declared a War and Rigged his Fleet and secured and strengthned his Castles against any attempt of their Fleets if they should approach so neer as they had done when Captain Ball commanded a Squadron thither the end of last Summer In Ireland the main of the Forces of Vlster under the Command of the Lord Iniskellin Colonel O Rely and Mac Mahon and Mac Guire yielded and put an end to that War May 18 upon the old Articles for Transportation On the 4 of May Trump with 80 Men of War set sail again from the Texel to meet a Fleet of 200 sail from Nants and other parts in France coming round about by Ireland and to secure other ships from the Eastland laden with Cordage and other Ship-materials and necessaries which the Nants Fleet being ready for him he nimbly effected missing of our English Navy who having Rendezvouzed at Humber-mouth sailed to Aberdeen and so to Shetland and thence passed over to the Danish Shore where they had intelligence that Trump had dispatcht his errand by that lucky meeting of his Nants Fleet and had returned for Holland whereupon they presently steered for England but before their arrival in any Port Van Trump having quitted his Merchant-men and delivered them sate to the great rejoycing of the Dutch came instantly into the Downs with a resolution to fire and seize all such Ships as were before Dover there being no Guard nor protection neer them and on the 26 of May missing of his aim rantingly battered Dover with his whole Fleet all that day to the Alarming of all the Coast adjacent while the English Fleet having visited the Coast of Holland put them into no less consternation and wonder how we were able to Equip and Man 100 sail of War-ships in so short a time and in such a distracted condition of State Next day Trump having laid his Scouts abroad to get intelligence of the English Fleet as also to intercept all Trade and ships coming into the Downs and River Anchored on the back of the Goodwyn Generals Monke and Dean being in Yarmouth-Road and General Blake fitting himself to joyn with them for Trump stayed in his Station On the second of Iune in the Morning
last to his End Providence having reserved this honourable Destiny for him that he alone of all the English of Note should fall in his Majesties last Quarrel in the Kingdom of Scotland the manner thus Being abroad with his party of some 60 English he met with Captain Elsenore's Lieutenant ranging upon the same adventure with some more than his number neer Drummond and Weems and fell upon him and after a very sharp and stout Conflict for they were Armed with Back and Brest and were Veteranâ— Blades and never fled before routed them but was Wounded himself with a Tuck whereof not long after he died and was buried in great State and much lamentation with a Military Funeral in the Church of Kenmore and Captain Ker a valiant Scot was killed with him the said Lieutenant was killed also upon the place with 30 of his men to accompany the fate of this Noble person so that he fell not unrevenged Great indignation there was against Robinson the Surgeon that Drest him for his neglect of him the Earl of Athol having threatned to kill him so dearly was this Heroe beloved by that Nation who constantly envied the worth and gallantry of ours And here we must leave him till some grateful Learned Muse shall sing the Honorable Atchievements and most laudable high actions of this famous and renowned Captain Mortogh O Brian the onely remaining General of the remnant of Irish in Arms had lately fallen into the Quarters and defeated several parties and took some small places but upon the approach of a Body of English retreated again to his Fastnesses where he better bethought himself of his sculking condition and therefore sent and obtained the usual Articles of Transportation there being reckoned now above 27000 men that had departed that Kingdom within a year and the transplantation of most of the rest into Connaught a Province environed on one side by the Sea and lockt up by Rivers and Garrisons on the other for the security of the Peace and enjoyment of English Lands and Estates in other Counties had so dispeopled that Kingdom that the Commissioners there and their Commander Fleetwood sent over Letters desiring some Colonies of English to be sent over to them very good Conditions being offered such as would Transport themselves The chief Towns of Limerick Galloway and Waterford to enjoy the like Priviledges with Bristol c. and Cromwel failed not to confirm Mannours and Hereditaments upon his Confiding Creatures there who were very industrious to procure Tenants and Inhabitants to make Rent for them with the same Expedition as he himself would here have sold the Forrest-lands now ready for a Purchase The King was yet at Paris having lately received a considerable sum of Money from Germany where the Lord of Rochester continued at the Diet and promises from the Emperour of his appearing in his behalf and of Engaging the other Princes with him upon his declaring for his Interest at the same Diet. The French King was yet very uncertain how to carry himself in that Affair it being yet doubtful whether the Spaniard or he should first be Leagued to Cromwel and some suspition there was of his Rupture with him first as lying most opportune for his Arms and most aimed at because of his Relation to the King and therefore underhand he gave the King assurance of his inviolable respects to him and laboured by all means to stave off the Dutch from an Agreement offering them very largely but by the sagacious policy of Cardinal Mazarine Cromwel was inclined to Friendship with the French and the King being sensible whereto that would tend resolved to depart There was notwithstanding a kinde of Pyratical War excercised by the French and some English and Irish upon the Western Trade by some 15 sail of little Men of War who harboured on the Coast of Britany in Brest and thereabouts and did very much mischief the chief and Admiral of whom was one Captain Beach in the Royal Iames of 38 Guns whom at last the Constant Warwick met with other Frigaâ—s plying up and down to free the Channel and after a long fight forced to yield Beach coming aboard demanded his Articles of being set ashore in France Captain Potter denied any such and if he did not like the Terms he had given he bid him go abord his own ship again with his men and right for better which Beach seeing the bravery of the man refused and was brought Prisoner to Plymouth and so that Nest was broken Cromwel now supplied the Benches of the Courts at Westminster with the ablest of the Lawyers whom he had invited to the publick service and Mr. Maynard Twisden Nudigate Hugh Windham were made Serjeants and Mr. Hales one of the Justices of the Common-Pleas where Saint Iohn yâ—t sate and of the Cabinet to this Protector besides having preâ—erred his Man Thurloe his Secretary at the Hague to be his Secretary of State the Candle or Light of that Dark-Lanthorn which Saint Iohn was said to be in these mysterious times to Cromwel in all his attempts and designes of consequence and moment Colonel Mackworth the Governour of Shrewsbury was called now to the Council and to partake of the Cabal of the Usurpation as a person of fit Interest and principles to strengthen it And the Dutch Peace now concluded on by their Embassadors and the Commissioners of the said Council for the Protector between whom this private Article was agreed That the Prince of Aurange should never be restored to the Dignities Offices and Charge his Ancestors held and enjoyed and this was urged for the better Conservation of the peace which would in his restitution be endangered because of his Relation to the King This was ill resented by the other six Provinces but Holland whose Interest was to have a Peace and who paid more than half of the publick charge stood to it alledging there could no Peace be made without it The rest of the Articles save the restoring of the Ships and Goods detained by the King of Denmark or 140000 l. in lieu of them and taking that King into this Treaty according as the Hollander had engaged to the Dane and paying the damages of the War and giving reparation for all private injuries Amboyna-business being an express Article of it self and the Massacrers to be punished if living were usual and of course save also that the Right of the Flag was acknowledged and Articled to be given to the English in all Rencounters and Mr. Thompson Mr. Winslow and Mr. Russel and others of this side were appointed Arbitrators of the said differences and about the ships kept by the Dane Cromâ—el was the willinger to conclude this Peace by reason of his new settlement in the Throne and the Dutch Friendship was very necessary for his establishment besides the Money was very welcome both of them added reputation to him though the Wiser sort knew and discoursed that he might have brought
entailing his Estate upon his Grand-son as divining what his Son with whom he died in feud would come to General Blake was yet in the Streights demanding satisfaction of the Algier-Pirates for the depredations committed on the English and required the delivery of the Captives of our Nation whose number was very great but neither of these would be hearkned to whereupon Blake sent in a threatning Message to which they returned in scorn and contempt this Answer Here are our Castles of Guletto and Castles of Porta Ferino do what you can do ye think we fear the shew of your Fleet A Council of War being called upon this daring affront it was resolved to Burn those ships in Ferino in defiance of their Stone-line Forts and Castles well furnished with Ordinance and manned with the whole Country adjacent On the 4 of April the attempt was made Blake and the greater ships with their seconds coming within Musquet-shot of the Castle and Line which in two hours time they rendred defenceless dismounting all the Great Guns and clattering the Stones so about their Ears that the Enemy abandoned them having seen their nine Ships and Frigats burning in the mean time which was done by Boats from every ship during this hot service atchieved in this honourable manner Blake set sail again to the same place and renewed his Demand and was Answered in another strain that not Ours but now Those were the Castles and ships of the Grand Seigniour who would be sure to require an account of them In conclusion they came to Treat and did what they were beaten to for else they saw their Thieving Trade would be short Nathaniel Fiennes second Son to the Lord Say and the once-famous Governour of Bristol was made Cromwel's Lord Privy-Seal Recorder Steel a growing Favourite for his Speeches Lord Chief-Baron and Lambert yet above-board Lord-Warden of the Cinque Ports and soon after Serjeant Glyn was made Lord Chief Justice of England Mr. Parker and Vnton Crook the Father made Serjeants For Military Commanders Colonel Reynolds was â—ow Knighted and ordered to carry it with him to grace Henry Cromwel then preparing â—or his journey into Ireland to be inaugurated Lord-Lieutenant in place of Fleetwood where he arrived in the middle of Iuly and Captain Vnton Crook was rewarded for his late service with 200 l. per annum The Scoâ—câ— Council was nominated and dispatched also viz. General Monke Lord Broughill President Colonel Howard now Earl of Carlisle Colonel Adrian Scroop Colonel Cooper Colonel Wetham Mr. Desborough Colonel Lockhart Laird Swinton and Downing Secretary It was omitted that Sir Gilbert Pickering was entituled Lord-Chamberlain to Oliver and that he had a Guard of Halberdiers in Grey-coats Welted with Black-Velvet in the same manner and custom as the Kings of England used them but this Satellitium and Band of Bailiffs was rather out of fear than in regard to the honour of their Attendance Sir William Constable one of the Kings Judges Governour of Gloucester and the last of his Name which rots in his dust died now and was buried in the Military way in Henry the 7th's Chappel lighted into his Tomb with a terrible Fire in the opposite Town of Lambeth A new Plot was now started and most of the Nobility and Gentlemen of England secured Sir Geoffrey Palmer Lord Willoughby of Parham Lord Lovelace Earl of Lindsey Lord Newport and Sir Richard Wingfield Lords Maynard Petre Lucas and Faulkland Sir Frederick Cornwallis c. and this done by Manning whose Villany was not yet discovered though to render an entire account of him his death was before related County-Troops were now also established for security to his Highness such Trooper 8 l. a year pay and more in case of service a Captain 100 l. and Officers proportionably and as these new Forces were raised here so were other old ones disbanded in Scotland and Ireland in which last place the Disbanded were yet to be the same kinde of standing Militia they being setled in the Rebel Forfeited Lands their Tenure being their service and thus that Kingdom was re-peopled An Agent that had come hither from Ragotski Prince of Transilvania now departed the Conspiracy betwixt whom and the King of Sweden and the Swede and Cromwel was just ripe for Execution For the terrible news came that Carolus Gustavus with an Army of 20000 Swedes was landed in Pomerania and fallen into Poland and that the Palatinate of Posen had submitted and the Vice-Chancellor Radzikousky was come in and complied with that King and little doubt was made of his over-running that Kingdom the like Treachery and other divisions among the discontented Nobility opening him a way Cromwel's reach in this War was to divert the Emperour who was arming apace in aid of the King of Spain and defence of the House of Austria against the French as foreseeing also the rupture of the Peace with the Spaniard by Cromwel in the Low-Countries and a Peace once by this ballance effected to espouse the quarrel of our King to the same purpose the Transilvanian was engaged who like a stormy Cloud hung over the Imperial Dominions so that no assistance could be had from this part of the World This highly disappointed the Spaniard and retarded those hopes of our King in order to his Restitution by Arms. He was yet at Colen and caressed by several Princes who Honoured his Privacy among many others the Landtgrave of Hessen gave him an honourable Visit and Prince Rupert returned from the Emperour gave him his due attendance to evidence that the Relation of a King in some such cases may be without a Kingdome or Subjects A Swedish Embassador Named Christian Bond arrived here neer the same time and was in great State received according to the Amplitude of his Highness and Rolt a Bed-chamber-man of this Altess was sent recipocrally to the King of Sweden but was neer quitting the Cost of his Journey by a terrible Storm About the time the news came of his getting ashore in safety Hannum a most notorious Thief suspected of the Robbery of the King at Colen in which parts he was no stranger broke Prison and escaped likewise From the noble Exploit of Porta Ferino Blake sailed to Cadiz and those parts of Spain where he found that the Armada of Spain was at Sea to look after the arrival of their India-Fleet and it fell out that the English and Spaniards met together in those Seas the Spaniards being 32 ships in all but no quarrel happened for neither had Commission to right The same indifferent but more cowardly temper at the same instant in August made the Iamaica-Fleet returning home suffer the longed-for Plate-Fleet to pass untought when discovered in the Gulf of Florida upon their Voyage to Spain so that none of the Fates were wanting to make this the most unglorious undertaking of the English Upon a resolution taken by a Council of War at Iamaica the greatest
part of the Fleet under General Pen set sail for England and neer half way home lost the Paragon a Navy-ship by fire none of that company daring to come in to her relieâ— because of her Powder so that neer 140 men were lost by fire and water those that could swim escaped being taken up by Boats after the Blow On the 3 of September General Pen arrived at Portsmouth and on the ninth Venables with his Wife very sick and much altered and Quarter-Master-General Rudyard landed at the same place in the Marston-moore Command by Rear-Admiral Blag the Fleet at Iamaica consisting of some 20 sail being left under the Command of Vice-Admiral Goodson Upon their coming to London where Venables alledged the danger and encrease of sickness for the cause of his return Pen the resolution of the Council of War they were both Committed to the Tower to satisfie the expectation of the people more than any intention of bringing Venables to an account for this base and dishonourable Expedition The Cavils at the Isle of Rhee's unfortunate business were now regested and retorted upon those Enemies and Traducers of the King whose party was very well pleased with this disgrace done to Oliver which carried with it future advantages against the Usurpation that had designed this Forrain Exchequer for the perpetual pay of his everlasting Red-coats General Blake as was said before having met with the Spanish Fleet under the Command of General Paulo di Contreras waiting for the Plate-Fleet about the Southern Cape and mutually saluted one another returned to Victual and recruit in England and landed at Chattam The Mart at Frankfort in Germany was held this September which with other affairs invited the King from Colen He went â—rom Bonne by Water being Towed in a Pleasure-boat and two other necessary Vessels for his dressing Provision and accommodation and was saluted by all the Towns neer which they passed with most ample Ceremonies and where he entred with the like presents In his Company were the Prince of Aurange and the Duke of Gloucester attended by the Marquess of Ormond Earl of Norwich Lord Newburgh Colonel Dan. O Neal Doctor Frazer the Lady Stanhop and Lord Hemfleit her Husband and other Domesticks An interview had been appointed at a Village called Koningsteyn or Kingston betwixt Queen Christina of Sweden then journeying to the Arch-Duke of Inspruck's Country for Italy where she was highly Treated by the said Arch-Duke and there professed her self a Roman-Catholick The King at this Village after the publick Ceremonies were over had private Conference with this Princess the space of an hour and then the Duke of Gloucester and Princess of Aurange did the like which passed the Noblemen and neer Attendants had reception given them The Prince Elector of Heidelburgh with Prince Rupert gave her likewise a visit in this Town and had the same converse with her Both the King and She were invited by him to Heidelburgh but they took several ways for his Majesty having continued some time at Frankfort where the States and Deputies of the Empire were assembled to finish what was left at the Diet the Kings business there depending before that Assembly and having been splendidly entertained as in all places of Germany where he came and there received an honourable pressing invitation from the Prince Elector of Mentz by his Earl-Marshal who was sent on the Embassie with a Train to conduct him from Frankfort dâ—parted thence with the noise of the Cannon and the Volleys and Acclamations of the Citizens and arrived at Mentz having been feasted at a magnificent Supper in a Village by the way whence next morning in all the State that Prince could set out or furnish his entrance with the King departed for Mentz and was there entertained two or three days with an Expence befitting his Dignity and diverted with all honourable Recreations and with the same Grandeurs departed for Colen Most abominable impudent scandals were Printed in the News-Book here of the King and the meanness of those Respects done him when it is most true greater Honours were not done to any Prince in the World so much did the injury of his Condition advance these peoples Civility While he progressed hereabouts one Dury a Minister sent by Cromwel was perambulating these parts with Credentials or Commission from him who would needs be doing in Religious Plots as well as Civil to make himself famous to discourse and Treat with all the Churches of the Reformed Perswasions Calvinists and Lutherans about an Agreement and Union and that the Doctrine might be one and the same and that his Highness desired to be Instrumental in such a Pious Work of general Communion but the main of his Mission being to set forth Oliver this Will in the Wisp vanished and returned for England whither an Embassador from Venice that had layn some while here incognito appeared in that quality in the room of Signior Pauluzzi recalled and did notably complement Cromwel with his puissance valour and prudence and offered the respects and Friendships of that Signiory And Arguile from Scotland came to kiss his Highness Hands On the 24 of October the French Peace having been some while before concluded was solemnly Proclaimed first in the Court at White-hall next at Temple-Bar and so in other places and Monsieur De Bourdeaux the French Embassador next day treated at Dinner by the Protector In this Treaty the Royal Family of England all but the Queen-Mother were totally Excluded though the Duke of York still continued at Paris till after the arrival of Lockhart Cromwel's Embassador thither soon after when he departed for Brussels having been complementally invited to the next Summers Campagnia Thus Corruptio unius est generatio alterius the Spanish Peace was all to pieces for the same day that the French Peace was Proclaimed an Embargo was laid upon all Goods in the Canaries and the Spanish Embassador Don Alonso de Cardenas departed hence and by Gravesend shipt himself for Flanders and a Trader at Vigo in Spain was taken and seized and a Declaration of War published by that King Whereupon Cromwel presently erected a Committee of Trade of which his Son and Heir apparent Richard was the first named to consult how to manage and secure it An Embargo was likewise soon after laid here upon all ships and one Mr. Maynard dispatcht to the King of Portugal to make sure of his Ports and with some other intrigues a Fleet was likewise preparing to set out to Sea and the Footing in Iamaica resolved to be kept Maj. Sedgewick and Colonel Humphries with a Squadron of ships and a Regiment to 1000 fresh men having toucht at Barbadoes being landed there now where Sedgewick sent to Command in chief with Colonel Fortescue of the old and most of the new comers died of the Infection that was among them Humphries with much ado and danger of Death returned home in safety
Land be observed and kept and no Laws altered Suspended Abrogated Repealed or new Laws made but by Act of Parliament 7. For a constant yearly Revenue ten hundred thousand pounds to be setled for maintenance of the Navy and Army and three hundred thousand pounds for support of the Government besides other Temporary supplies as the Commons in Parliament shall see the necessities of the Nations to require 8. That the number of the Protector 's Council shall not be above one and twenty whereof the Quorum to be seven and not under 9. The Chief Officers of State as Chancellors Keepers of the Great Seal c. to be approved of by Parliament 10. That his Highness would encourage a Godly Ministry in these Nations and that such as do revile or disturb them in the Worship of God may be punished according to Law and where the Laws are defective new ones to be made in that behalf 11. That the Protestant Christian Religion as it is contained in the Old and New Testaments be asserted and held forth for the publick profession of these Nations and no other and that a Confession of Faith be agreed upon and recommended to the People of these Nations and none be permitted by Words or Writings to revile or reproach the said Confession of Faith c. Which he having Signed declared his acceptance in these Words That he came thither that day not as to a Triumph but with the most serious thoughts that ever he had in all his life being to undertake one of the greatest Burthens that ever was laid upon the back of any Humane Creature so that without the support of the Almighty he must sink under the weight of it to the damage and prejudice of these Nations This being so he must ask help of the Parliament and of those that fear God that by their Prayers he might reâ—â—ive assistance from God For nothing else could enable him to the discharge of so great a Duty and Trust. That seeing this is but an Introduction to the carrying on of the Government of these Nations and there being many things which cannot be supplied without the assistance of the Parliament it was his duty to ask their help in them not that he doubted for the same Spirit that had led the Parliament to this would easily suggest the same to them For his part nothing would have induced him to take this unsupportable Burthen to Flesh and Blood but that he had seen in the Parliament a great care in doing those things which might really answer the ends that were engaged for and make clearly for the Liberty of the Nations and for the Interest and Preservation of all such as fear God under various Forms And if these Nations be not thankful to them for their care therein it will fall as a Sin on their Heads Yet there are some things wanting that tend to Reformation to the discountenancing Vice and encouragement of Vertue but he spake not this as in the least doubting their progress but as one that doth heartily desire to the end God may Crown their Work that in their own time and with what speed they judge fit these things may be provided for There remained onely the solemnity of the Inauguration or Investiture which being agreed upon by the Committee and the Protector was by the Parliament appointed to be performed in Westminster-hall where at the upper end thereof there was an ascent raised where a Chair and Canopy of State was set and a Table with another Chair for the Speaker with Seats built Scaffold-wise for the Parliament on both sides and places below for the Aldermen of London and the like All which being in a readiness the Protector came out of a Room adjoyning to the Lords House and in this order proceeded into the Hall First went his Gentlemen then a Herald next the Aldermen another Herald the Attorney-General then the Judges of whom Serjeant Hill was one being made a Baron of the Exchequer Iune 16. then Norroy the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury and the Seal carried by Commissioner Fiennes then Garter and after him the Earl of Warwick with the Sword born before the Protector Bare-headed the Lord Mayor Titchborn carrying the City-Sword by the special Coaks of the Protector by his left Hand Being seated in his Chair on the left hand thereof stood the said Titchborn and the Dutch Embassador the French Embassador and the Earl of Warwick on the Right next behinde him stood his Son Richard Fleetwood Claypool and the Privy Council upon a lower descent stood the Lord Viscount Lisle Lords Montague and Whitlock with drawn Swords Then the Speaker Sir Thomas Widdrington in the Name of the Parliament presented to him a Robe of Purple-Velvet a Bible a Sword and a Scepter all which were precious Tokens of the Parliaments favour At the delivery of these things the Speaker made a short Comment upon them to the Protector which he divided into four parts as followeth 1. The Robe of Purple this is an Emblem of Magistracy and imports Righteousness and Iustice. When you have put on this Vestment I may say you are a Gown-man This Robe is of a mixt colour to shew the mixture of Iustice and Mercy Indeed a Magistrate must have two bands Plectentem amplectentem to cherish and to punish 2. The Bible is a Book that contains the Holy Scriptures in which you have the happiness to be well vers'd This Book of Life consists of two Testaments the Old and New the first shews Christum Velatum the second Christum Revelatum Christ Vailed and Revealed it is a Book of Books and doth contain both Precepts and Examples for good Government 3. Here is a Scepter not unlike a Staff for you are to be a Staff to the Weak and Poor it is of antient use in this kinde It 's said in Scripture that the Scepter shall not depart from Iudah It was of the like use in other Kingdoms Homer the Greek Poet calls Kings and Princes Scepter-bearers 4. The last thing is a Sword not a Military but Civil Sword it is a Sword rather of defence than offence not to defend your self onely but your People also If I might presume to fix a Motto upon this Sword as the Valiant Lord Talbot had upon his it should be this Ego sum Domini Protectoris ad protegendum populum meum I am the Protector to protect my People This Speech being ended the Speaker took the Bible and gave the Protector his Oath afterwards Mr. Manton made a Prayer wherein he recommended the Protector Parliament Council the Forces by Land and Sea Government and People of the three Nations to the protection of God Which being ended the Heralds by sound of Trumpet Proclaimed his Highness Protector of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging requiring all persons to yield him due obedience At the end of all the Protector with his Train carried up by
were present in the business and the King our Soveraign and the Duke of Gloucester had conveyed themselves to Dunkirk to see the management of this attempt On the 22 of October at night some 4000 English Scotch and Irish and some Spaniards about ten a clock at night began the Storm with Hand-Granadoes and all sorts of Assaulting Engines and were got into the Trenches and mounted their Scaling-ladders but the English within being in a readiness and Reynolds Morgan and Lillingstone being at that same time there the Assailants were with great slaughter repelled and beaten down the Great Guns from the English Fleet riding at the Splinter firing their Broad-sides being directed by four great Links set up in the Corners of the Fort how to miss it nevertheless about four a clock the Duke commanded the Assault to be renewed again which was done with greater fury but to as little advantage which event with the approaching day-light caused a retreat the Dead being most of them carried off in Waggons There were some hundreds guessed to be slain but the number is uncertain This was a rude accost and greeting of Country-men which used to be the most obliging in Forrain Countries but Rebellion is a Witch as they are compared with a pejoration of the former in Scripture that had transformed the Military part of the Nation Often have we fought on both sides but were never opposed in any Battle one against another much less to fight an home-bred quarrel of our own in Out-landish ground The Noble Duke therefore thinking the Hearts of the Leaders of this Garrison if they had any true English Worth or Honour suitable to their Commands might be touched with the unnaturalness of the Fact and a sense of their Allegiance and respect to their Rightful Soveraign and himself the next Prince of the Blood against whom they indirectly and collaterally militated as being now out of the Reach Influence and Awe of the Usurper sought therefore by fair means to win this Party which would highly and sufficiently conduce to his Majesties Service to their obedience In order to this by the means of a Scotch Knight whose Name slips our present use well acquainted with Colonel Reynolds he was prevailed upon to give the Duke a meeting in the mid-way betwixt Dunkirk and Mardike which are distant about two miles with a party of Horse on either side Reynolds at the approach of the Duke did the reverence which was redevable to his Highness and shewed himself in all respects as became him towards such an Illustrious Personage and with the same handsome demeanour departed to the Fort. What conference they had was never perfectly related for it was private but the very news of the meeting in that amicable respectful manner being conveyed with speed to Cromwel caused in him such jealousies and distrusts that inflamed with anger at this his great Confident and Favourite he presently dispatcht away a Messenger to Command him for London which he and Colonel White with one Mr. Devaux the Secretary to Reynolds readily obeying and taking the first ship was ready and that would venture to go off which was a Dutch Pink of 10 Guns in a stormy night the 12 of December a Frigat offering to wait on him next Morning he was cast away the same night on the back of the Goodwyn-sands his Chest Sword and Belt being found thereabouts and thereby saved the ungrateful excuse of his duty and prevented the prejudiced revenge of his Master Oliver Morgan Commanded in his place till the arrival of Marshal D' Aumont who brought with him Monsieur Mancini the Cardinal's Nephew desirous out of curiosity to see this vicissitudinary Fortress who had the supreme Command but devolved the exercise and trust thereof to the same hand as before Here Marshal D' Aumont was furnished with some ships of ours for a designe upon Ostend which he had thought he had surely purchased but of this hereafter As to other Forrain News there was great discourse about the right to the Vicariat or Vicarship of the Empire which now happened by the Death of the Emperour Ferdinand the 4 of Austria his Son the King of the Romans being dead some while before It did indisputably belong to the Prince Elector Palatine but upon the quarrel for the Crown of Bohemia he was proscribed and degraded and the Duke of Bavaria a descendant of the younger House did now assert and maintain that right as lately confirmed on him by the Emperour against the Palatine and so it remained sub judice The Protector the War growing hot betwixt the two Northern Kings the Dane having attaqued Bremerwarden a very strong place and soon after Mastered it dispatcht away two Envoys Extraordinary viz. Sir Philip Medows Knighted by himself afterwards by that King with the Order of the Elephant to the King of Denmark and since by our Soveraign being the same Gentleman that was employed before to the King of Portugal and Colonel Iephson to the King of Sweden then journeying Post out of Poland to encounter this new Enemy They were both well received the first at Copenhagen the other by the way of Lubeck at Wismar whither the Swede was arrived to whom during this offered Mediation betwixt both Cromwel sent supplies of 2000 Men and Arms from London Yarmouth and Hull in several ships so radicated was his Hate against the most offenceless and distant Allies and Relations of the Crown as the Dane was which he took all occasions how villanous and base soever to render of feared and damnifying consequence and dangerous prejudices to all the neighbouring States and Princes A Declaration of another Massacre of the Protestants in Poland upon the return of that King into those hinder parts of the Kingdom which had submitted to the Swede and were now by him deserted but the designe of the other of Piedmont was yet recent and rank and so it took not At home Cromwel was now Swearing his Privy-Council over according to one of the Articles of the Humble Petition and Advice and the Earl of Mulgrave was made one of them and because the Parliament had declared the next succession into his Dignity should be at the appointment of himself by Act or publick Declaration he thought it time to produce his Son Richard and to train him in the Government He was therefore made another Lord of the Council and the Chancellorship of Oxford which the Protector had resigned was bestowed on him and a solemn Instalment of him by Dr. Owen the Vice-Chancellor was acted with all the Formalities at White-hall The course of his life before this calling to the State spent it self in the pleasures and divertisements of the Country where he appeared in a medium of privacy and greatness tempering one another to the estimate of a civil and noble disposition manifested in several kindnesses obtained at his Fathers hands for the Loyal Gentry to whose Converse and Familiarity he was
NOw did the Usurper feel the Thornes of his unjust Acquists in the restless Fears and Disquiets which measured every moment of his time his sleeps being disturbed with the apprehensions of those dangers the day presented unto him in the approaches of any strange Face whose motion he would most fixedly attend Above all he very carefully observed such whose mind or aspect were featured with any chearful and debonair Lineaments for such he boded were they that would dispatch him to that purpose he always went secretly Armed both offensive and defensive and never stirred without a great Guard In his usual Journey between White-hall and Hampton-Court by several Roads he drove full-speed in the Summer-time making such a dust with his Life-guard part before and part behinde at a convenient distance for fear of choaking him with it that one could hardly see for a quarter of an hour together and always came in some private way or other he likewise never Lodged above twice or thrice in a Room to which there was no passage but by twenty several Locks Sometimes he would pretend to be merry and invite persons of whom he had some suspition to his Cups and then drill out of their opened Hearts such secrets as he fisht for He had freaks also to divert the vexations of his misgiving thoughts calling in by the beat of Drum his Foot-guards like a Kennel of Hounds to snatch away the scraps and reliques of his Table He saw every mans hand was against him and that he ran daily into farther perplexities out of which it was impossible to extricate or secure himself therein without running into further danger so that he began to alter much in the tenour of his former converse and to run and transform into the manners of the ancient Tyrants thinking to please and mitigate his own Tortures with the sufferings of others Thus began the year with a Proclamation of the old relish for Royalists to depart London twenty miles c. and instantly Colonel Russel Sir William Compton Sir William Clayton and other old Prison-guests of that party were Committed to the Tower but many of those against whom the information from the two aforesaid intelligencers was given were Gentlemen and Citizens not in any service or designe before whether out of some reluctancy of conscience they would not ruine their old Comrades or for fear of discovering of his Spies of which he should have perpetual need Cromwel thought not fit to engage and set them upon such face to face they being not otherwise to be decoy'd These fresh-men were some of them Citizens of London as Mr. Manly a Merchant Mr. Carent Mr. Iackson and Mr. Sumner the other principals c. were Mr. Mordant the Earl of Peterburgh's Brother and Dr. Iohn Hewet Preacher then at St. Gregories by Pauls Mr. after Sir Thomas Woodcock Mr. Maunsel both engaged in the Kings escape and shipping out of Sussex from Worcester Mr. Mallory Mr. Stapely Mr. Hartgil Baron and others most of these were taken and kept close Prisoners till such time as some were wrought upon to witness against their fellows and then set at liberty The Designe was laid in Kent Essex Surry and Sussex the King being ready to have passed over as before with an Army under the Conduct of the Count of Marsin the Prince of Conde's General newly honoured with the Order of the Garter but this Treachery frustrated the Designe Which being so well known to Cromwel and that other places as Portsmouth Hull and such Maritime Fortresses were treated for and reckoned into the bargain he set afoot the like practises by his own Emissaries and Trepans viz. upon Sir Henry Slingsby a Prisoner off and on ever since Worcester-fight in Hull some of the Officers whereof insinuating into his acquaintance and casting out some disgustful words against the Protector and mixing some overtures of their good will to the King withal intimating that if he could procure a Commission from his Majesty for them the Town was at his service The old Loyal Gentleman gladly embracing a proffer of such concernment made use of an old Commission he had by him which being the length of their Line these Officers hooked him and sent him up to the same Condemnation a Prisoner in the Tower The Names of these Officers were Major Waterhouse Captain Overton and one Lieutenant Thompson The chief Actors being thus secured Cromwel to Collogue with the City sent for the Mayor and Aldermen and communicated to them the Plot naming several persons and particulars many of which he accommodated to the danger of the City and dressed them for their horrour and resentment telling them that the danger was not over though so happily foreseen taking hereby the advantage of having a new Militia chosen of the most desperate Phanaticks and his party in London c. A general Train was soon after made in Finsbury-fields and Addresses by the Officers testifying their resolutions to adhere to the Protector delivered in very express and humouring Language When he had thus raised the expectation of the story though the chief in the business understanding they were detected and many of their associates in Prison had defisted from any further Attempt on the 16 of May he doubled his Guards and sent an Alarm to the City that that night the Royalists had appointed for their rising and firing the Town and forthwith marched several Forces of Horse and Foot into the Liberties the Drums of the Trained-bands likewise beat and all the 6 Regiments appeared presently and kept Guard that night being employed for the most part in seizing some of those Citizens afore-mentioned with divers others as Mr. Southcot Mr. Hern and some young men and Apprentices whom his Drags had Trepan'd These made work for a High Court of Iustice now founded and erected upon a Law of the late Parliament the Act for security of his Highness's person who restrained the power thereby given with this clause that they should Try none but such as should be named to them by him or his Council for it might be by the same Sophistry as the Parliament fought against the King for the preservation of his Person they might try the Usurper for the security of his Highness Such a strange Judicature was this High Court of Iustice that they that advised framed and established it could not tell how to binde or tye up the Mastiff from tearing his Masters Throat Nec Lex est Iustior ulla Quam necis artifices arte perire sua Certainly haunted the minde of this Tormenter most of the Lords of the other House were Commissioners herein the Earl of Salisbury being named among them Before these Sir Henry Slingsby and Dr. Hewet were first brought and Sir Henry charged that he and one Gardiner never heard of but such another as Iohn Doe did Traiterously Conspire against the Life and Dignity c. and the said Trepans brought as Evidence to
Voted the Courts and the Term to be in as full force as if the Benches were full afterwards they anew constituted all those Serjeants in Oliver's time and Bradshaw Serjeant Terril a Buckingham-shire-Gentleman and one formerly of their party but never in such publick Office before and now making use of it to good purposes and Serjeant Fountain an eminent Royalist formerly at Oxford were made Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal Bradshaw was sick the other two received it at the Hands of the Speaker at the Clerk Thomas St. Nicholas in stead of Scobel his Table and took the old Engagement whither came now a Petition or Address from the Army in prosecution of their condition of dividing the Judicative and Executive power and to that purpose they had couched herein a project of a co-ordinate or select Senate the product of Sir Henry Vane's Wisdome and conveyed into their Heads by Lambert who was Dominus fac totum This was promised to be forthwith considered and the presenters had the Thanks of the House who resolved to new Commissionate the Officers which was done in the same manner as before the Speaker in few words declaring That the Parliament in confidence of their Ability and Fidelity did confer c. and this went throughout the Army one Regiment after another Fleetwood who by another of those by 15 Conditions was to be Commander in Chief by Land and Sea was made Lieutenant-General with the said express Command the Transcript of an Act so Intituled it being so agreed being presented and read and delivered to him at the Clerks Table aforesaid as his Commission Captain Lawson was made Vice-Admiral and to Command the Fleet for the Narrow Seas this Summer This disposal laying aside General Montague who was expected shortly from the Sound as one in whom they had no confidence nor any Interest Addresses likewise came from the Independent and Anabaptist Churches some of whom kept a Thanksgiving and invited all the other Congregations of that Sect to joyn with them in that Voluntary Solemnization of this good providence the chief of these were one Iessey's and Canne's Disciples the prime favourites of this RUMP which Name it now universally obtained And it will not be impertinent to the designe of this Chronicle to give an account of it since it was the frequentest word or by-word of the times This Term was first given them by one Mr. Walker who writ the History of Independency upon their secluding and debarring the House to their Fellow-Members in 1648. when there remained a Fag-end or Tail but was almost abolished by the height and violence of their prosperity nor was heard of again until Richard's Parliament when Major-General Brown repeating the many injuries he had received from that party or Juncto in a scornful Apostrophe branded it with this Note of Infamy The RVMP which now upon their re-admission again was their onely appellation except among their own party To court and oblige the Souldiery about Town and who as their Guards attended them they raised the Foot 's Pay a penny and the Horse three pence a day Colonel Alured and Overton were taken into favour the last made Governour of Hull the other Captain of their Life-guard which now they had established Sir Henry Vane's son being their Cornet Lockhart was also confirmed Governour of Dunkirk from which place they had received Addresses as also an Embassador from France another from the States General from the King of Poland an Evoy from Sweden the like from the Hans Towns from Genoa and Portugal so far had the dread of those inconsiderable persons by their former successes possessed most of the Princes of Europe Spain's friendship they made themselves sure of with whom at their breaking up they were in most perfect friendship and correspondence They had an eye also to Ireland and by Dispatches thither had frighted the Illustrious Lord Harry to a tame surrender of that Government into the hands of the Lord Chancellor Steel and Miles Corbet the Chief-Baron of that Exchequer upon the very first notice of such Orders coming which to oblige them the more he signified by an Express and that he was preparing to follow with all speed to give them an account of that Kingdom which he left in a very good condition and hoped his Successors might reap more content in the Government than he had found He arrived post-hast immediately after and having given his account to the Council of State had liberty granted him of going into the Country or whither he pleased as his Order expresly and indulgently declared To perform on their part with the Army now came out the new Act of Indemnity to all such as had been any way instrumental or active or concerned in the late Mutations of Government from the date of the 22 of April to the 7th of May 1659. with a Proviso of their taking the Engagement Just in the publication of which happened a Fray or skirmish at Enfield forrest the Country who had right of Commons being deprived thereof by certain Enclosures to new-erected Buildings by some Officers of the Army who had purchased the Kings Lands there and kept Guards there to secure this their Trespass and violence but the Country-people mastered them killing one or two and wounded a Serjeant took the rest and got them committed to Newgate for assaulting them as they were throwing down the Ditches and Hedges whence their good Masters ordered them soon after to be bayled being nine in number To the old trade they fell next against the Royal party Priests and Jesuits being joyned with them in the same Condemnation which was that all such as had not compounded or compounded and not paid their Fines should first depart twenty miles and before the first of August leave the Kingdom or else suffer as Traytors notwithstanding the Council of State was impowered upon subscription and security to do as they should see cause in that matter for besides the old grudge they had now information of a Cavalier-plot laid some time before by the same hands that betrayed the last to Cromwel who fearing the quick reward of their Treachery did the same Offices to this Rump Hereupon they began to settle their respective Militia's and being fully satisfied concerning Mr. Mordant's actings for and correspondence with the King they required him by Proclamation to appear before the 17 of August or else his offences should be taken pro confesso the designe still opening by the unwary discourses of the Lady Howard Daughter to the Earl of Berk-shire and the indiscreet conveyance of some Letters whereupon she and Mr. Ernestus Byron and Mrs. Sumner were committed to the Tower as also Mr. Harlow for some reports and stories of their base actions by the Council of State in order to Tryal The Duke of Buckingham who had some while before Married the Lord Fairfax's Daughter and was therefore spighted by Cromwel who had
and inflict the punishment of the Rebellion if they delayed his imbraces In fine it was an Affair in which all the faculties and passions of the Soul Love Fear Hope and Joy were tempered together to a MIRACLE by his skilful hand and art of Government and wherein Reason and Necessity jumpt together and to which the whole frame of Policie officiously humbled and submitted it self at this his Majesties most absolute and uncontroulable disposal of his Empire Tibi numine ab omni Cedetur jurisque tui Natura relinquet Quis Deus esse velis ubi regâ—um ponere mundo All the Heavenly powers yield And Nature as thy right and choice doth leave Where thou wilt reign what Realms shall thee receive But besides those of the first Magnitude there were Illustrious persons and others that rendred themselves conspicuous by their conjunction in this Revolution such were the Lord Chancellour the Earls of Southampton Oxford Bristol S. Albans the two Secretaries of State the old Earl of Norwich Ld. Goring a person whose memory is highly ennobled by such grand Events and Occurrences of State as the Spanish Peace with the Low Countries which owes it self to his Transaction and Accommodation the Earl of Manchester the noble Earl of Sandwich whose hand was engaged with his head and was the excellent General 's second in this Affair the faithful and couragious Lord Ashly Cooper who intrepidly engaged himself among the Usurpers and dreaded not their spies and quicksighted sagacious discovery of designes and intelligence against them which he constantly managed the Lord Annesly now Earl of Anglesey Lord Hollis Lord Booth of Delamere who broke the Ice and endangered his Life and Fortunes in the Attempt but was bravely rescued by his Reserve the General who came time enough to preserve him not to omit the Dii minores persons of lesser Rank but Eminent in their Qualities Sir Samuel Moreland Thurlo's Secretary and Cromwel's Resident in Savoy where he was set as Intelligencer which he proved most punctually to his Majesty and countermined all the designes of his Masters and by which means the King came to have intelligence of those disloyal treacherous and ingrate persons formerly of his side whom we have mentioned He came to the King at Breda where his Majesty Knighted him and made him a Baronet and gave him this Testimony That he had done him very signal Services for some years last passed Neither was Sir George Downing unserviceable to the same designe in his station in Holland as his Majesty's Respects to him at his coming to the Hague with recommendation from the General did sufficiently declare To conclude the whole Mass of the people had a hand at the least in it conspiring the same purposes in their wishes and affections with the effect whereof in a compendious Narrative for the Subject grows upon me to a bulk I am next to indulge and pleasure the Reader The King was yet at Brussels in a setled quiet expectation of the sitting down of the Parliament the results of whose Counsels were not thought so quick by the deliberating and slow Spaniard who had allowed the King yearly the sum of 9000 l. besides the pay of his Forces which his Majesty kept there which money was since repayed by the King soon after his return and therefore upon the King's departure from Breda upon assurance that the Parliament would not fail of sitting down at the appointed time he having traversed to and fro back and again to Antwerp the civil Governour of these Countries gave the King his Complement of departure and honourably conveyed him on his way to the City of Antwerp the Road to Breda aforesaid when it was feared by very many that the slye Spaniard would have put some demur or stay upon him in his Dominions He afterwards indeed sent a Complement to him by an Envoy well attended intreating him to return that way and to take shipping at one of the Ports of Flanders for England and acquainted him that for his greater honour and satisfaction he should see his Souldiers payed as he passed but the King civilly refused that kind proffer The King was no sooner come to Breda the Town and Castle whereof belonged to his Nephew the Prince of Aurange but having notice the Parliament was ready to sit he dispatcht away his Letters by Mr. now made Lord Viscount Mordant the Lord Goring having been sent before to the Council of State and General and Sir Iohn Greenvil now Earl of Bath with his Letters to the Parliament in both Houses respectively to the Lord-General and City which were speedily made publick and the Town in a kind of extasie for two days together the Press never ceasing to print them and all persons having no other thing to do but to read them the substance of which Message with the like Declaration to the House of Commons and his gracious Letters enclosed to his Excellencie the Lord General to be communicated to the Officers of the Army with a Letter likewise and Declaration to the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Common Council of the City of London was this His Majesty granted a free and general Pardon to all his Subjects whatsoever that shall within forty days after publication thereof lay hold upon that grace and by any publick Act declare their doing so such onely accepted as the Parliament shall think fit to be excepted which he will confirm upon the word of a King And as to tender Consciences none shall be called in question for differences in opinion which disturb not the peace of the Kingdom For Sales Purchases he will refer himself in all matters to the determination of Parliament that he will consent to an Act or Acts of Parliament for paying off and satisfying the Arrears of the Army and Navy and that they shall be received into his Majesty's service upon as good Pay and Conditions as they then enjoyed This gracious Message with the Letter to his Excellencie and the Declaration were read in the House of Commons with most extraordinary Ceremony and Reverence as if some strange awe had seized upon the minds of the Parliament every man at the Speakers naming of the King rising up and uncovering himself desiring the Letters might be forthwith read the like also was done in the House of Lords In the House of Commons remarkable was that of Mr. Luke Robinson who being a great Commonwealths-man first of all spoke to the Letters and acknowledged his conviction Nor was this Declaration less acceptable to all the people who were overjoyed with the news and the infallible hopes of having their gracious Prince and Soveraign restored to them in Peace and Honour The Parliament resolved That they do own and declare that according to the Ancient and Fundamental Laws of this Kingdom the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons And having a deep sense of the Miseries and Distractions in
Proclamations in such cases have been always used to the end that all good Subjects might upon this occasion testifie their Duty and Respect And since the Armed Uiolence and other the Calamities of many years last past have hitherto deprived us of any opportunity wherein we might express our Loyalty and Allegiance to his Majesty We therefore the Lords and Commons now assembled in Parliament together with the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Common-Council of the City of London and other Free-men of this Kingdom now present do according to our Duty and Allegiance heartily joyfully and unanimously Acknowledge and Proclaim That immediately upon the decease of our late Soveraign King CHARLES the First the Imperial Crown of the Realm of England and of all the Kingdoms Dominions and Rights belonging to the same did by Inherent Birthright and lawful undoubted Succession descend and come to his Most Excellent Majesty King CHARLES the Second as being lineally justly and lawfully next Heir of the Blood Royal of this Realm and that by the goodness and providence of Almighty God He is of England Scotland and Ireland the most Potent Mighty and Undoubted King And thereunto We most humbly and faithfully do submit and oblige our Selves our Heirs and Posterities for ever This was Solemnized with the greatest Magnificence and joy possible the Lords and Commons and Lord Mayor attending it the shouts and acclamations at the reading of it in Cheap-side were so loud and great that Bow-bells or any other Bells in the Town though all then Ringing could not be heard All was concluded with unspeakable mirth and numerous Bonefires at night which yielded not their flames but to the rising Sun I shall not intrude other matters at home into this grand Affair but reserve them until â—hereafter and proceed The Dutch also as knowing it would please the King enlarged their Civilities and respects to the Commissioners of the Parliament and City who received them from their Deputies with much satisfaction likewise several Provisions were sent aboard the Fleet and the General He also complemented with the Kings Restitution For a Conclusion of those great Magnificences with which they had entertained his Majesty a Fortnight they resolved to give him a Farewel-Treatment with all the sumptuousness expressible which they performed and in the end presented him with the richest Bed and Furniture with Tapestry for Hangings imbossed with Gold and Silver and adorned with Pictures as could be had the Bed was made at Paris for the Princess of Orange but her Husband dying Eight days before she was delivered it was never used A little before this time Sir Samuel Moreland Thurloe's Agent for Oliver at the Court of Savoy came to the King where he was kindly received having done the King several good Offices and discovered the intrigues of Oliver and the Rump and was Knighted he revealed also several eminent Royalists as Sir Richard Willis Colonel Bamfield and others who betrayed the King's Affairs and Friends to Oliver Hither also about the same time came Sir George Downing who was also graciously received who had done the like good services for his Majesty and was likewise Knighted and continued his Majesties Resident with the States On Sunday the 20 th of May the King heard Doctor Hardy after Dean of Rochester Preach before him the place intended was the French-Church after their Sermon but they knowing of it being greedy to see the King would not come out of their Seats so that it was done in the Princesses Lodgings Here the King touched many of the Evil. In the mean while the Duke of York took the Oath of Allegiance of the Fleet having gone aboard the Naseby where the General treated him which Ship at his departure when the shore resounded with the Artillery he called the Charles as afterwards the whole Fleet was new Christened in their way homewards The King having thanked the States General and of Holland in their Publick Assemblies whither he went on foot took his leave of them recommending to them the interest of his Sister and Nephew the Prince of Orange and was re-saluted by them upon the same as also by the several Ministers of the several Princes one whereof the Count of Oldenham sent an Embassador with Credentials to the King just before his departure being the sole Minister so qualified while his Majesty staid at the Hague On Wednesday the 22 of May Stilo veteri the King departed and it may be said there was no night between Tuesday and that particularly for those who found no place to put their heads in the houses not being able to lodge the croud of people that ran there from all the neighbouring Towns the most part whereof were constrained to walk the streets though the wiser sort took up their Quarters for their advantage of seeing the King's departure on Downs and Sand-hills which bordered all along the Sea-coast where they might see the Fleet and the King Embarquing so that it is a question whether the Hollander more wondered or we more joyed The Speech spoken by the States of Holland at his Farewel for the notableness thereof is here inserted IF one may judge of the content which we have to see your Majesty depart from our Province by the satisfaction we had to possess you we shall have no great trouble to make it known to you Your Majesty might have observed in the Countenance of all our people the joy they had in their hearts to see a Prince cherished of God a Prince wholly miraculous and a Prince that is probably to make a part of their Quietness and Felicity Your Majesty shall see presently all the streets filled all the ways covered and all the hills loaden with people which will follow you even to the place of your Embarquement and would not leave you if they had wherewith to pass them to your Kingdom Our joy is common unto us with that of our Subjects but as we know better than they the inestimable value of the Treasure we possess so are we more sensible of this sad separation It would be insupportable to us Sir if we re-entred not into our selves considered not that it is the thing of the world we most desired and the greatest advantage also that we could wish to your Majesty We acquiesce therein because we know that this removal is no less necessary for us than glorious to your Majesty and that 't is in your Kingdom that we must finde the accomplishment of the prayers we have made and make still for you and us so shall we not fail to profit thence as well as from the assurances which it hath pleased you to give us of an immutable affection towards this Republick We render most humble thanks unto your Majesty for them and particularly for the illustrious proof which it hath pleased you to give us thereof by the glorious Visit wherewith you honoured our Assembly We shall conserve the memory of it
most dearly and make the marks of that goodness to pass to our last Posterity to the end they may acknowledge it with the same respect with which we have received it The appointment wherein we see your Majesty ready to take horse for the pursuit of your Iourney forbids us to enlarge our selves upon a Subject which would never weary us if we had words conformable to our respectful sentiments But we have no minde to encrease the just impatience which your Majesty shall have to see your self returned into your Kingdom We pray God Sir that it be quiet and happy and that as he hath disposed the hearts and affections of your Subjects to acknowledge their Soveraign and lawful Prince it will please him also to command the Winds and Seas to expedite your Voyage and that after you have received on your own Coast the same Prayers which we shall reiterate you may injoy in your Royal Person and in your Posterity for ever all the Felicity and Prosperity which your humble Servants wish unto your Majesty 'T is certain that their entertainment of the King and their Presents cost the Dutch above 100000 l. The King departed as before is mentioned accompanied with Prince William of Nassau and the Admiral of Holland having the Prince of Orange before him being in the midst of his two Brothers the Dukes of York and Gloucester on horse-back the Ladies attending on him in their Coaches all along the way where the Citizens the Horse and the Regiment of the Guards stood in Battalia the Cannon thundred being answered with peals of Musick which conveyed the like Mirth to the English Fleet Riding at Scheveling The King with his Aunt his Sister and some other Illustrious Persons having taken his last leave of the States went first on board a Barge prepared by the Dutch whose Streamers and Flags had this impress Quo fas fata alluding to Dieu mon Droit but upon the approach of a Brigandine from General Montague he entered therein and came on board the Charles the Seamen seeming to be in an extasie being possessed of their beloved Prince Soon after he came up to the Poop to behold again that multitude on the Downs of Scheveling saying That he thought his own Subjects could scarce have more tenderness for him than those people on whose Affections he saw he reigned no less than he was going to raign on the Wills of the English Much ado there was to part the Princess of Orange from him whom many other considerations as strong as Birth had rendred most dear to him till at last the General who with all possible demonstrations of Loyalty had received the King having all the Retinue shipt caused the Anchors to be weighed and the Sails to be spread and then with Tears and Embraces she left him and was rowed back again with the same company to the Holland-shore which lost fight of the Fleet about the evening No sooner was the Fleet under sail but the Cannon began to roar giving notice that the Lord of the Sea was in his rightful possession which Thundring continued till night Next day they had little winde but so much as on Friday-morning they came within sight of Dover whereupon an Express was sent to the General then at Canterbury to hasten to Dover which he did accordingly and about one of the clock with a gallant Train came thither About three of the clock in the afternoon his Majesty landed at the Beach neer the Peer of Dover with the Dukes and his Nobles Every man now put themselves into a posture to observe the meeting of the best of Kings and best-deserving without flattery is it spoken of Subjects This solemn and unexampled meeting did with the joy thereof infuse a suspence of fear that the Congress of the King and the General would of one part or other fail in Affection or Ceremony but this Interview dispensed with all punctilio other than that the General kneeled and the King kissed and embraced him to the most pleasing satisfaction of Nobility and People His Majesty then walked up with the General under a Canopy a Chair of State being carried by his Coach-side In the way the Mayor and Aldermen of Dover with the Minister met his Majesty who after a short Speech presented him a Bible with Gold-clasps the ordinary Present of the Presbyterian Ministers Then his Majesty took Coach he and the Duke of York at one end and the Duke of Gloucester and his Exellencie at the other the Duke of Buckingham in the Boot About two miles from Dover the King took horse the Dukes on the right hand of the King the General on the left bare followed by the Duke of Buckingham and the rest of the Nobility and Gentry uncovered and came to Canterbury where he was met and complemented by the Mayor and Aldermen and Recorder of that City and presented with a Golden Tankard and so conducted to the Palace Here he made the General Knight of the Honourable Order of the Garter the Duke of York putting the Order about his Neck Saturday and Sunday he staid here and on Munday-morning departed for Rochester whither that evening he arrived and went from his Lodging to Chattam to see the Soveraign and other Ships of the Royal Navy and at night returned to his Lodgings at Colonel Gibbon's where he was welcomed by an Address from the Regiment of the said Colonel delivered by himself which his Majesty graciously accepted Betwixt four and five on Tuesday-morning being the most happy and auspicious 29 th of May his Majesty's Birth-day he departed from Rochester the Militia-Forces of Kent lining the ways and the Maidens strowing Herbs and Flowers the Towns through which he passed hanging out White sheets Being come to Dartford the Officers of the Regiments of Horse presented an humble Address to him wherein they declared their readiness to sacrifice their lives in defence of his Majesty's Person and Government At Black-heath the Army was drawn up where his Majesty viewed them using many gracious Expressions towards them which were answered by loud acclamations The several Regiments being there placed in order His Majesty advanced towards London and about one a Clock came to Saint George's Fields where the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen were in a Tent ready to receive him The Sword being there delivered him he re-delivered it and Knighted Sir Thomas Alleyn After a short repast the King proceeded into London by Southwarke from the Bridge to Temple-Bar the Streets were railed on the one fide with standings for the Liveries and lined on the other with the Trained Bands to which were added some Gentlemen-Volunteers all in white Doublets under Sir Iohn Stawel The manner of his Majesties Triumphal and Magnificent Passage through this orderly ranking was thus First marched a Troop of Gentlemen led by Major-General Brown brandishing their Swords in Cloath of Silver-doublets being about Three hundred
To Thomas Scot the same Witnesses were produced in all things as the former only he added that the Authority of the remaining Members might be as good as the Parliament was when the Bishops were excluded and if two Estates may take away a third if the second do not continue to Execute their Trust he that is in occupancie may have a title to the whole by which Argument he affirmed the Parliaments Authority To this was answered that the Bishops were taken away by an Act with the consent of the King Lords and Commons and that the Justification of this blasphemous principle as the Lord Finch termed it as also Lord Annesly and the whole Court was unsufferable and High Treason Mr. William Lenthall Mr. Theophilus Biddulph and Lord Mayor Elect were sworn to prove that he said he would have it written on his Grave That Here lies Thomas Scot one that adjudged the King to Death And to this purpose afterwards in the House upon the Dissolution of the Parliament he was heard to have added Since it is your pleasure to Dissolve the House I know not how to hinder but when that is done I know not where to hide my hated head Gregory Clement waved his Plea and confessed his Crime and delivered a Petition as Waller had done before And Colonel Iones made little defence but acquiesced upon the proof of his sitting and signing and so they all had Sentence as before The Sollicitour Iohn Cook was next Arraigned for Assuming a Power over the King's Life for drawing and exhibiting the Charge for demanding Judgment for pressing the Charge to be taken pro Confesso in sum for being instrumental in the Kings Death To this he Answered very acutely to the glory of his parts and infamy of his practice and to set up his Law above the Gospel from whence he borrowed St. Pauls elegant Defence Neither against the Law nor against Caesar have I I hope offended He alledged he was but Counsel and acted in his Sphere for his Fee in that his Crime was avaritiae of covetousness not malitiae nor falsly nor Treasonably in advising the Charge that he was no Sword-man that he executed no Power over the King that in drawing the Charge he discharged rather the part of a good Subject for the King being Prisoner to accelerate his Tryal was a Courtesie that he had retrencht the prolixity of it to that purpose he denyed the examining of any Witnesses against the King that in demanding Judgment he did not mean Judgment against the King of Condemnation but of Absolution He observed that the word Instrumental in the exception of the Act was insignificant or otherwise incomprehensive of him that by the Kings gracious Letter a Free Parliament was to declare the excepted persons which this could not be not being called by his Majesties Writ All which were fully Answered by Sir Heneage Finch but for fear I may pervert or miss the sinewy strength of that Reply this shall suffice to be the reduction That his entring the Charge and a protestation in the Conclusion of Liberty to put in a new one and desiring that the King as a Traytor may be brought to Justice was no such demand as could be imagined to end in acquittal that to the Act of Indemnity the Parliament having made a special proviso and inserted him by name therein the Words concluding him it is not material what the subsequent Reasons are so that though he might say the Parliament was mistaken in their Reason yet not in their Conclusion As to the Kings Letter from Breda referring all Crimes and Offences soever to a Free Parliament that the Honour of the King might be for ever Sacred he said that in case the Parliament was not a right Parliament that Letter in it self is no Pardon until it had been under the Broad Seal and in more express terms as in the Case of Sir Walter Raleigh but as to the Parliament it is plain the King meant this Parliament the Letter being directed to the Speaker of our House of Commons to them it was left to provide for security and indemnity and to expiate this crying Sin and to dispence his Mercy and Justice in this particular they then Address themselves to his Majesties Clemency for the whole Nation and the Kings Proclamation grants a Pardon so that this must needs be the Parliament though as the times were it were not so duly Constituted but since Confirmed by his Majesty It was added by Mr. Windham that words and advice when the Act follows will make any Counsellor guilty as if a Counsellor should advise one man to kill another and he does it All was sum'd up in an accurate repetition of it with Evidence and Defence by Sir Orlando Bridgman and he thereupon found guilty The Court used him very civilly and he shewed very much respect and reverence to the Court behaving himself to the removing of that prejudice which the generality had of him as of a Monster But see what a narrow Fortune and the streights of Debt and the Devils wide World and vast Preferments can tempt man to since his first Delusions bewitcht our understanding Hugh Peters came to the Bar. He was charged with contriving the Kings Death at Ware with Oliver Cromwel at Windsor at Coleman-street at the Painted Chamber Bradshaw's House that in a Sermon he had compared the King to Barabbas that in another the Text whereof was to bind Kings in Chains c. he had declared that there was an Act of Gods own making that they that spilt mans blood by man should his blood be spilt and that out of that Law neither the King nor Prince or Prince Rupert nor none of that rabble are excepted that on the Twenty seventh of Ianuary he had Preached before the High Court of Justice at Westminster on the 14 of Isaiah 18 19. verses All the Kings of the Earth c. All he said to this was to cavil at the Witnesses he declared his course of Life and his Orthodox perseverance but as to the purpose he said he was sorry to hear of his carriage towards the King but he had no malice toward him but was meerly engaged in he Army He was also upon suspition of being the Executioner but he proved he was sick a bed that day so Cook and he were Sentenced together Daniel Axtel was next set to the Bar He had escaped as he thought the exception in the Act being lately added to this miserable number for there was other blood barbarously shed by him that lay upon him and charged with imagining and compassing the Kings Death the overt Act whereof was commanding the Guard at his Tryal his beating the Souldiers for not crying out Justice and Execution for bidding them to do it and to shoot at a Lady supposed the Lady Fairfax whom he there termed Whore for saying that Cromwel was a Rogue and that the twentieth part of the
lamented and barbarous Death God would not suffer to go unrevenged nor His own sacred Name to be Blasphemed as not only said by them to be the Author but the maintainer of this impiety And it is remarkable that Hugh Peters who by his Function as a Priest had most dishonoured God in Preaching and pressing this Parricide making use of his holy Writ to this same wicked purpose most plainly discovered the footsteps of the Divine Vengeance in his Tragedy The miserable Wretch had not a word to say for himself or to God of whom he said he was abandoned he that was so nimble and quick in all Projects of this nature before was now like a Sot or a Fool playing with the Straw in the Sledge as he went to Execution Of which his sad condition Cook his fellow-sufferer was so sensible as to pray for some respite for him but it was out of the Sheriffs power who attended them in person to their respective Executions It was observed also by Scot who having wished the mention of this Fact to be graven on his Tomb Digitus Dei hath written it on the Gates of London in such bloody Characters and Hieroglyphicks that whoever passes cannot but read it Those being thus Executed the other Prisoners that came in upon Proclamation and were to be respited from Execution till the pleasure of the Parliament should be known were after Sentence remitted to the Tower from whence they came their Estates being seized on to the use of the King The Quarters of the other had not long been set up but a report was raised that a bright Star appeared over those at Aldgate and this in favour of these Saints as they were termed and as if it were a Constellation of their bright innocence but it was observed and known to be the Planet Venus then in her greatest Elongation from the Sun the same distance as their Phanatical stories were from the Truth This parentation being over to his Father His Majesties next respects were due to his Mother whose welcome to his Kingdomes he could not better manifest or oblige to her than by rendring them innocent and free of that horrible guilt which had divorced her from her Husband and estranged her from his People Nor was it just or civil she should be here received without satisfaction and expiation of those Crimes the very tendencies whereto had so rudely driven her to seek her safety abroad The King brought her back to his Palace at White-Hall after Nineteen years discontinuance the second of November with her came the Illustrious Princess Henrietta who had never breathed English Air but some two years after her birth which hapned in Exeter Iune 16. 1644. as also Prince Edward brother to Prince Rupert and to the Prince Elector Palatine an absolute stranger to these Kingdoms The meeting could not but be as joyous after so tedious and injurious an absence as the entertainment highly Magnificent On the Sixth of November the Recess of the Parliament being ended the Lords and Commons met again in Parliament to resume their weighty task of setling the Kingdoms and a Council for Trade now began their sitting according to the Kings Commission Several dangerous and pestilent Speeches and Rumours being daily uttered and vented especially by the Fifth Monarchists at their Meeting-house in Coleman-street and other places and Colonel Overton being the chief man of that perswasion by Order of the Councel he was seized and upon some further information against him committed to the Tower for Treason which soon after appeared in some of his Opinion With him Mr. Lenthal the Speakers Son was Committed upon suspicion of Counterfeiting the Kings Seal Upon the Kings Restitution the Marquess of Arguile had the confidence to come up from Scotland hoping to have inveagled and obtained his Pardon for all those base Treasons he had acted so covertly in that Kingdom since his Majesties departure and that his Majesty according to his gracious inclination would have past by those many undutiful and irreverent usages of him by him and the Kirk while He was there among them but such was the general hatred and detestation of that People and especially of the Nobility against him that the King gave order for his Commitment while he was waiting at Court He desired to speak to the King but could not be admitted he desired to speak with Mr. Calamy in his way to the Tower but that was refused from thence by Sea he was conveyed to Edenburgh where his Process was making ready The Earl of Middleton the Kings great Commissioner following him thither about the end of December Death had tasted of the Blood Royal in the immature decease and lamented Fate of that Noble Henry Duke of Gloucester as aforesaid and as if there were not only a Circulation of it in every individual but it naturally ran in the same Distempers round a whole Family the Infection by a kind of Sympathy in the same Disease of the Small Pox seized the Vitals of the most Illustrious Mary Princess of Aurange and in spight of all Art and Remedy though the Blooding of her was causelesly and ignorantly taxed carried her to the Grave leaving the whole Court in very great and almost disconsolate sadness and her Son the Prince of Aurange ten years old and a Moneth over She deceased on the Twenty fourth of December her death being ushered with a sad accident the oversetting the Assurance-Frigate Riding at Anchor at Wolledge by a sudden gust of Wind by which disaster several Persons of the Ships Company were drowned This happy Parliament which had rebuilt the Glorious Structure of the English Ancient and Renowned Government and had assured the Foundation thereof in the Established Throne of our Soveraign came to its Period But that no Revolution of time should obliterate or blot out the memory of those Excellent worthy things had been done by it for the good of King and Kingdome his Majesty Honoured it by his Royal mouth with the never-to-be-forgotten Epithet of the Healing Parliament which will undoubtedly recommend it to Posterity as long as any grievance or humours or distempers shall remain in Church and State The Princess of Aurange was buried with a private Funeral in the narration of which I shall crave leave for this digression there was indeed as much Honour in that privacy as there was vain and profane solemnity in the gewgaw Exequies of Oliver which wanted of their due Grandeurs till his Execution In opposition therefore to that rabble medley of a Funeral it will not be extravagant to set down here the Compact yet Illustrious manner of this Princess to shew the difference betwixt Princes and Ring-leaders of the Rout. On Saturday December the 26 th but five days after her Decease the chiefest of the Nobility met together in the House of Peers to attend the Royal Corpse of the Princess which was brought about Nine a Clock at
at Corn-hil-Conduit on the top of which stood eight Nymphs clad in White each having an Escutcheon in one Hand and a Pendent and Banner in the other On the Tower of the said Conduit a Noise of Seven Trumpets NEar the Exchange in Corn-hill was erected the second Arch which was Naval On the East-side were two Stages Erected on each side of the Street one In that on the South-side was a Person representing the River Thames In the other Stage on the North-side which was made like the upper Deck of a Ship were three Seamen whereof one habited like a Boat-swain A Shield or Table in the Front of the Arch o're this Inscription NEPTUNO BRITANNICO CAROLO II. CUJUS ARBITRIO MARE VEL LIBERUM VEL CLAUSUM The first Painting on the North-side over the City-Arms represented NEPTVNE with his Trident advanced the Inscription NEPTUNO REDUCI On the South-side opposite MARS with his Spear inverted his Sheild charged with a Gorgon by his Knees the Motto MARTI PACIFERO Over the Arch the Marriage of Thame and Isis. The Painting on the North-side over Neptune did Represent the Exchange the Motto GENERALIS LAPSI SARCIRE RUINAS The uppermost great Table in the fore-ground represented King Charles the First with the Prince now Charles the Second in his Hand viewing the Soveraign of the Sea the Prince leaning on a Cannon the Inscription O nimium dilecte Deo cui militat Aequor Et conjurati veniunt ad Classica Venti For thee O Iove's delight the Seas engage And muster'd Winds drawn up in Battle Rage At the Stocks the Entertainment was a Body of Military Musick placed on a Balcony consisting of six Trumpets and three Drums the Fountain there being after the Thâ—scan Order venting Wine and Water In like manner on the top of the great Conduit at the Entrance of Cheapside there was another Fountain out of which issued both Wine and Water as in a Representation of Temperance and on the several Towers of that Conduit were eight Figures habited like Nymphs with Escutcheons in one hand and Pendants or Banners in the other and between each of them Wind-Musick the number eight On the Standard also in Cheap-side there was a Band of Waits placed consisting of six Persons THe third Triumphal Arch stood near Wood-street-end not far from the place where the Cross sometimes stood It Represented an Artificial Building of two Stories one after the Corinthian way of Architecture the other after the Composite Representing the Temple of Concord with this Inscription on a Shield AEDEM CONCORDIAE IN HONOREM OPTIMI PRINCIPIS CUJUS ADVENTU BRITANNIA TERRA MARIQUE PACATA ET PRISCIS LEGIBUS REFORMATA EST AMPLIOREM RESPLENDIDIOREM RESTITUIT SPQL. In the Spandrils of the Arch there were two Figures in Female Habits leaning One representing PEACE the other TRVTH That of Peace had her Shield charged with an Helmet and Bees Issuing forth and going into it the Word PAX BELLO POTIOR Truth on the other side in a thin Habit on her Shield Time bringing Truth out of a Cave the Word TANDEM EMERSIT Over the great Painting upon the Arch of the Cupula was represented a large GERYON with three Heads Crowned in his three right-hands a Lance a Sword and a Scepter in his three left-hands the three Escutcheons of England Scotland and Ireland before him the Kings Arms with three Imperial Crowns beneath in great Letters CONCORDIA INSUPERABILIS Here the City Recorder Sir William Wild made a Speech and presented the King with a Purse of Gold On the little Conduit at the lower End of Cheap-side were placed four Figures or Nymphs each of them having an Escutcheon in one hand and a Pendant in the other In a Balcony erected at the Entrance of Pater-noster Row were placed his Majesties Drums and Fiâ—e the number of persons Eight Between that and Ludgaâ—e there were two other Balconies erected In one was placed a Band of six Waits in the other six Drums On the top of Ludgate six Trumpets At Fleet-Bridge a Band of six Waits On Fleet-Conduit were six Figures or Nymphs clad in White each with an Escutcheon in one hand and a Pendant in the other as also a Band of six Waits And on the Lanthorn of the Conduit was the Figure of Temperance mixing Water and Wine IN Fleet-street near White-Friers stood the fourth Triumphant Arch representing the Garden of PLENTY it was of two Stories the one of the Dorick Order the other of the Ionick Their Capitals had not their Just Measure but inclined to the Modern Architecture Upon the great Shield over the Arch in large Capitals this Inscription UBERTATI AUG EXTINCTO BELLI CIVILIS INCENDIO CLUSOQ JANI TEMPLO ARAM CELSIS CONSTRUXIT S. P. Q. L. Over the Postern on the South-side of the Entrance was BACCHUS in a Chariot drawn by Leopards his Mantle a Panther's skin his Crown of Grapes a Thyrsis with Ivy in his left hand a Cup in his right underneath LIBER PATER The Painting over this represented Silenus on his Ass Satyrs dancing round about in Drunken and Antick Postures the Prospect a Vineyard On the North-side opposite Ceres drawn in a Chariot by winged Dragons and Crowned with ears of Corn in her left hand Poppy in her right a Blazing Torch The Painting over her was a description of Harvest with CERES AUG His Majesty having passed the Four Triumphant Arches was at Temple-Bar Entertained with the View of a delightful Boscage full of several Beasts both tame and savage as also several living Figures and Musick of eight Waits But this being the Limit of the Cities Liberty must be so likewise of the Description Thus much for the City now for the Court which in order challenged the first place but 't was best to deal with the biggest first and those Colossus in London were indeed Gigantick and stupendious greatness Come we now to the Knights of the Bath made at this Coronation who appearing at the Court of Requests in Westminster were called over by the Lords Commissioners appointed for that purpose viz. The Dâ—ke of Ormond Steward of the Kings Houshold the Earls of Northumberland Suffolk Lindsey Manchester Their Names were as follows Sir Fiennes Lord Clinton Heir apparent to the Earl of Lincoln Sir Egerton Lord Brackley Son and Heir apparent to the Earl of Bridgewater Sir Philip Herbert second son to the Earl of Pembrook and Montgomery Sir William Egerton second son to the Earl of Bridgwater Sir Vere Fane second son to the Earl of Westmorland Sir Charles Berkley eldest son to the Lord Berkley Sir Henry Bellasis eldest son to the Lord Bellasis Sir Henry Hide now Viscount Cornbury eldest son to Edward Earl of Clarendon Sir Rowland Bellasis brother to the Lord Viscount Faulconberg Sir Henry Capel brother to the Earl of Essex Sir Iohn Vaughan second son to Richard Earl of Carbery Sir Charles Stanley Grandchild to Iames late Earl of Derby Sir Francis and Sir Henry Fane Grand-children to
his Majesty the Head-bayliff on behalf of the Dean and Chapter City and Liberty signified their joyful reception of his Royal person into that Liberty declaring how much more happy they were than any part of the Nation in that their Sovereign Lord and King was born within their Liberty and humbly desiring his Majesty to continue his Grace and Favour still to them whereby that City might still be enabled to do his Majesties Service When the Head-Bayliff had ended his Speech he and the High-Constable mounted their Horses and fell in next after his Majesties Servants at Mace in which order they attended his Majesty to White-hall Infinite and innumerable were the Acclamations and Shouts from all the parts as his Majesty passed along to the no less joy than â—mazement of the Spectators who beheld those glorious Personages that rid before and behinde his Majesty Indeed it were in vain to attempt to express this Solemnity it was so far from being utterable that it is almost inconceiveable and much wonder it caused in Outlandish persons who were acquainted with our late Troubles and Confusions to the ruine almost of three Kingdoms which way it was possible for the English to appear in so Rich and Stately a manner It is incredible to think what costly Cloathes were worn that day the Cloaks could hardly be seen what Silk or Sattin they were made of for the Gold and Silver-Laces and Embroidery that was laid upon them the like also was seen in their Foot-cloaths Besides the inestimable value and treasures of Diamonds Pearl and other Jewels worn upon their Backs and in their Hats To omit also the sumptuous and rich Liveries of their Pages and Footmen some suits of Liveries amounting to fifteen hundred pounds the numerousness of these Liveries and the orderly march of them as also the stately Equipage of the Esquires attending each Earl by his Horse-side so that all the World that saw it could not but confess that what they had seen before was but solemn Mummery to the most August noble and true Glories of this great day In this order the King arrived at White-hall a good time before the Evening and then retired himself to Supper and so to his Rest to recommence the next day and to put an end to this Triumph On the 23 of April St. George's day to consummate the Coronation the King came from his Privy-stairs to the Old Palace to a Room called the Princes Lodgings behinde the House of Lords and stayed there till the Lords and his Train had Robed and ranked themselves in Westminster-hall who being ready the King placed himself on a Throne at the upper end thereof when the Dean of Westminster with the Prebends in their rich Copes each having a part of the Regalia with St. Edward's Crown came and delivered them to the Lord High-Constable and he to the Lord Great Chamberlain who set them on a Table and the King immediately bestowed them on this manner Sir Gilbert Talbot the Master of the Kings Jewels having laid the Sword of State and Sword called Curtana with two others on the same Table St. Edward's Staff to the Earl of Sandwich the Spurs to the Earl of Pembrook the pointed Sword on the left hand of Curtana to the Earl of Derby the pointed Sword on the right to the Earl of Shrewsbury Curtana to the Earl of Oxford the Sword of State to the Earl of Manchester the Scepter with the Dove to the Duke of Albemarle the Orb with the Cross to the Duke of Buckingham St. Edwards Crown to the Duke of Ormond the Patina to the Bishop of Exeter and the Chalice to the Bishop of London and then his Majesty set forward on foot in the same order as before almost upon blue Cloath laid upon the ground from the Hall to his Chair in the Abbey by the appointment of Sir George Carteret His Almoner appointed for that day The King was supported by the Lord-Bishops of Bath and Durham his Train was carried up by the Lords Mandevil Cavendish Ossery and Percy assisted by the Lord Viscount Maâ—sfield Master of the Robes then came the Earl of Lauderdale Gent. of his Majesties Bed-chamber next came Mr. Seymore Mr. Ashburnham Grooms of the same the Captain of the Guard Captain of the Pensioners and Yeomen All the Peers with their Coronets in their hands came up along with his Majesty till his Majesty was placed in a Chair of State not in his Throne then the Lord Bishop of London for the Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury went to every of the four-sides of the Throne and at every of them spoke to the People in these words Here I present unto you KING CHARLES the rightful Inheritor of the Crown of this Realm Wherefore all you that are come this day to do your Homage Service and bounden duty be ye willing to do the same Whereupon all the Peers in their Parliament-Robes and People gave a shout testifying their willingness This while the King standing from his Chair turned himself to every of the four sides of the Throne and at every of them spake to the People who again with loud acclamations signified their willingness all in one voice After which the Choire sung an Anthem in the interim whereof his Majesty Supported by the two Bishops of Durham and Bath and Wells and attended by the Dean of Westminster went to the steps before the Communion-Table where upon Carpets and Cushions the King offered a Pall and a piece of Gold After his Majesty had offered he went on the right hand and kneeled down during a short Collect or Prayer and then Sermon began which was Preached by the Lord Bishop of WORCESTER Sermon being ended the Lord-Bishop of LONDON went to the King for the Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and asked if he were pleased to take the Oath usually taken by his Predecessors to which his Majesty shewed himself most willing Then his Majesty rose out of his Chair and by those two that before Assisted Him was led up to the Communion-Table where he made a solemn Oath to observe those things he had before promised After this Oath the King returned to his Chair and kneeled at his foot-stool while the Hymn of the Holy Ghost was singing which ended the Letany was sung by two Bishops After which the Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury began and said Lift up your hearts c. Then his Majesty arose from his Devotion and dis-robed himself of his upper Garment his under Garment being so made as the places to be anointed might be opened by undoing certain loops which the Arch-Bishop undid his Majesty sitting in a Chair The Archbishop first Anointed the Palms of both his hands the Choire singing an Anthem after which and certain Prayers the Lord Arch-bishop proceeded and anointed his breast between the shoulders on both the shoulders the bending of his Arms and the Crown of his Head whereupon the Dean of Westminster closed the Loops and the Lord Arch-bishop said
and departed Then Garter Principal King-at-Arms Proclaimed the King thrice with his Title in Latine French and English and at every time at the end cried Largess and the people shouted God save the King then the Lord Mayor Sir Richard Brown presented a Golden Cup and Cover full of Wine which the King drank off and gave it the Lord Mayor for his Fee By that time the third course was carrying in the King called for Water which the Earl of Pembrook assisted by another Earl brought in a Basin and Ewer and the King having washed withdrew to his Barge but before his departure it fell a Thundering Lightning and Raining as if it imitated the noise and fire of the Cannon which played from the Tower and it was observed that they kept time in this loud Musick so that they were distinctly to be heard the Thunder intermitting as if it staid to receive and answer the reciprocated and ecchoed Boation and clashes of the Guns And in all ancient Augury such signes were taken for the most auspicious however the mad remnant of the Rebellion would have it parallell'd to Saul's inauguration never considering the season nor the different occasion and case between the most ancient Kingly Right and descent in Christendom and that a new Title and Government in Iewry which had before the most special presence of God among them All the Kingdom over great rejoycing was made by Feasting and other Shows as Training the several Bands of the Countries with the additional Voluntary Gentry in a new and gallant Cavalry which shewed the resurrection of their former Loyalty in its immutable state of Peace But to proceed to the disclosing the whole lustre of this our present and most delightful Subject omitting the same Triumphs in Scotland and Ireland in the express resemblances of this Magnificence several Honours being conferred both by the Lord-Commissioner his Grace and the Lords-Justices on that Solemnity we will take a full view of all our personal Dignities at home We proceed then to those Magnificences of the King which are in him Honorante not in Honorato After the miserably vulgarly multitude of those evil Counsellors we had been oppress'd with for so many years who had raised themselves to the mysteries of Government by their publick scandals thereof in its former administration following the impious politicks of Absalom we saw an Assembly of Princes met in his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council whose superlative and eminent endowments assisted by their conspicuous Grandeur restored the form of the Brittish Empire such as Pallas gloried to be in the midst of her Heavenly descent such their Noble Extractions and their excellencies in all prudent menage of the Publick accomplished to Her own AUTHENTICAL INSTITUTION of true policy such Pilots whose happy and skilfull hand could guide the tossed Bark of the Kingdom in the darkest Night and the most frightful Tempests when there was neither Sun Moon nor Stars no face of Authority nor Rule no Directions nor Chart to follow in the unexampled case of our late Distractions and without any other Compass than their Piety to God Duty to their Prince and love to their Country by which they confidently steered through all those Shelves Rocks and Sands which imminently threatned its Shipwrack and Destruction Their sacred Names for perpetual Memory and to the Eternal Fame of this their blessed Conduct understanding that by his Majesties call to this sublime eminent dignity their precedent Services were signated and notified to the World as most Religiously and gratefully is due are here transmitted among the rest of his Majesties felicities to inquisitive Posterity The Names of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council HIs Royal Highness the Duke of York Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Southampton Lord Treasurer Lord Roberts Lord Privy Seal Duke of Albemarle Earl of Lindsey Lord High-Chamberlaiâ— of England Duke of Ormond Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshould Marquess of Dorchester Earl of Northumberland Earl of Leicester Earl of Berkshire Earl of Portland Earl of Norwich Earl of St. Albans Earl of Sandwich Earl of Anglesey Earl of Carlisle Viscount Say and Seal Lord Wentworth Lord Seymor Chancellour of the Dutchy of Lancaster Lord Hollis Lord Cornwallis Lord Cooper Earl of Lauderdale Lord Berkly Sir George Carteret Sir Charles Compton Secretary Nicholas Secretary Morice To which have been since added Christopher Lord Hatton Rupert Duke of Cumberland the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Middleton a Scotch Lord the Kings Commissioner there From these Glories of the Crown we are next invited to as Illustrious those of Chivalry a medium betwixt War and Peace that there might be nothing that his Majesties Fortunes could not comprehend The most Honourable Order of the Garter Famous for its Martial and Civil Atchievements had been drag'd in the Dirt and trampled under Foot of Plebeian Anarchy and Usurpation when the innocent charm of its Motto Hâ—ni soit qui mal y pense Evil be to him that Evil thinks which had preserved it so many Ages found not veneration nor respect being ridled by that Monster of Rebellion to be a badge and significator of its certain though long-look'd-for Vltion and Avengement in its own dire Retorts and self-punishing Revolutions It is not nor ever will be forgotten how they abased this Royal Ensigne the highest Order of Knighthood in the World when it was derided by the most abject and meanest degree of the People when its True Blue was stained with the Blot of Faintise and imbecility of courage till another Saint George arose to be its Champion Assertor and Restorer of its Renown and Glory Some of these most Honourable Knights survived his Majesties Restitution some he made abroad others he decreed so and they were so de jure having had the Order sent them but the Investiture wanting The rest of these Noble Companions were allied to the Restoration all of them are ranked in the manner as they sate at Windsor April 16. 1662 being St. George his day where after the usual Magnificent Procession His Majesty renewed the usual Solemnities and Grandeurs thereof Himself being there in Person The Fellows and Companions of the most Noble Order of St. GEORGE commonly called the GARTER as they were the 23 of April in the Thirteenth year of King Charles the Second 1661. CHarles the Second King of Great Britain France and Ireland Soveraign of the Order Iames Duke of York the Kings only Brother Charles Lodowick Prince Elector Palatine Frederick William Marquess and Elector of Brandenburgh Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Cumberland Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine William of Nassau Prince of Orange Barnard Duke of Espernon Charles Prince of Tarante William Cecil Earl of Salisbury Thomas Howard Earl of Berk-shire Algernon Piercy Earl of Northumberland Iames Butler Duke of Ormond George Villiers Duke of Buckingham Thomas Wriothesley Earl of Southampton William Cavendish Marquess of Newcastle George Digby Earl of Bristol
very predicament but he having his Liberty upon Bail from the Serjeant at Arms left his Bail in the lurch and fled for it and put himself out of the benefit of this qualification Phelps one of the Clerks of the Court of Justice was marked for this but was not Sentenced The Earl of Middleton the King 's great Commissioner came about this time from Scotland to White-hall and on the 30th of this Moneth the Parliament was adjourned by the King to attend their business in the Country till the 20th of November the King and they parting with mutual satisfaction the Lord-Chancellor declaring that the King's confidence in them had not in the least deceived him Much discourse there was all the Summer that his Majesty would take a Progress to visit his Loyal City of Worcester and the places of his Sanctuary and Refuge in his escape thence and to that end his Tent-Office was held at Clarkenwell green to prepare and make all things ready for the accommodation of his Progress but the suspition of affairs and the designes of the old Enemy who as was said before was at work deferred it this year and a shorter journey took up the next Commissioners likewise came from the Parliament in Ireland with an acceptable present to the King at White-hall The Duke of York who had been chosen Captain to the Artillery-company in London and by their Deputies humbly requested to honour them with his acceptance which he was nobly pleased to do and lead with them in their Ground and see them Exercise to his good content accepted now likewise from them an invitation to dine with them on their annual Feast-day at Merchant-Taylors Hall whither accompanied him with the same invitation the Duke of Buckingham and divers other Persons of Honour This Moneth of August was the Reading of that excellent Lawyer and most accomplisht Gentleman Sir Heneage Finch his Majesties Sollicitor at the Inner Temple whose Nobleness and Generosity were herein equal to his matchless Abilities in the Laws as his magnificence in this Solemn occasion did make appear especially in that particular Treatment he gave the King who to honour this one of his best servants was graciously pleased to accept of it and to dine in that Hall a favour not before indulged to any of these famous Societies by any of his Royal Progenitors the most Illustrious Duke of York was present and Dined here with his Brother to both their likings and approbations Count Conningsmark from the young King and Queen of Sweden had been here some while and now came another more splendid Embassy by Count Brahe at whose reception near the Tower a Fray or Conflict happened betwixt the French and Spanish Embassadours Coaches for Precedency which should first follow the Swedes Coach both Parties came prepared for the Encounter but the French were basely worsted and seven or eight of them killed This had like to have caused a new Rupture betwixt both Crowns the French King sending a Messenger to Madrid to demand satisfaction but at the intreaty of the new-Married Queen the difference was put up While I am relating this Forreign matter I must insert that the Prince of Spain a Child about five years old dyed and a young Prince or Dolphin was born to the French King on All Saints day and therefore Christned Lewis Tous Sancts Several Prisoners in the Tower Regicides and others by reason of the practices of their Parties were now in October sent a way from the Tower to several remote places Castles and Islands for securing the Peace and with them the Market of Herbs which usually stood before in Cheap-side and by Tichburn in his Majoralty because it cumbred up the ways was placed in St. Pauls Church-yard and a Cross built there which is yet standing was by Proclamation to avoid the scandal of selling and buying in that Ground now removed into Aldersgate-street and Aldermanbury Several suspected persons of the Phanatick Party were now seized and committed to several Prisons The Right Noble Iames Duke of Ormond after several uneffectual designments of others was appointed by his Majesty Lieutenant of Ireland which Place and Dignity he had before so prudently discharged After the expiration of the Adjournment of the Parliament from Iuly last they met again the Twentieth of November now in their full and entire Constitution the Lords Spiritual the Bishops by virtue of the Act of Repeal made the last Session taking their places which the King in his Speech to the Houses did congratulate to them as a felicity He much desired to see accomplished in this goodly restored Fabrick of the Government On the Twenty fifth of the same Month the Regicides that came in upon Proclamation and were respited after Sentence to the pleasure of the Parliament were brought to the Bar of the House of Lords to answer what they could for themselves why Judgment should not be Executed they all Pleaded the Proclamation which they understood and supposed did extend to favour of Life upon the rendring themselves thereupon as likewise that as to the Crime they were all of them guilty of no malice toward the Person of the King Henry Marten added that he never obeyed any Proclamation before but this and hoped that he should not be Hanged for taking the Kings Word now They were remanded back again to the Tower from whence they came and no further proceeding had concerning them The Lord Chancellour in his Speech made mention of a Plot which one Major White had discovered and upon which several Persons had been secured that were Officers formerly in the Army and what care had been taken by the King to prevent the danger and to attain to a full discovery And this Michaelmas-Term one Iohn Iames one of the Fifth Monarchists a Small-coal-man by Trade and ingaged in Venners business but was absent or saved himself the last day they broke out but had not departed from his malice ever since that disappointment but continued his Meetings and Conventicles with others of his desperate Crew among whom he was a great Rabby or Teacher flew out into several Traiterous Speeches and Invectives against the Kings Person Government and Family which relisht of the same Design couched in Venners Declaration which being over-heard by some Neighbours living near the same Conventicle Iames was seized and carried before a Justice who Committed him to Newgate whence this Term he was brought to the Kings Bench Bar and there the Words were proved against him and he Convicted and Condemned as a Traytor On the Twenty seventh he was drawn on a Sledge to Tyburn some of his Sect and Opinion throwing themselves into the same Sledge and embracing him so fond were they of this their silly though bold Seducer At the Gallows he denyed the words but owned and avowed his Chilianism and the Personal Reign of Christ out of which respect he prayed not for the King or any Authority but with the
of Peterborough designed for that Command should arrive And for the Queens own Transportation the Royal Charles which brought the King from Holland was sent with this Fleet. In the mean while the Queen of Bohemia the King's Aunt died February 13. aged 66 years having been out of England 49 years and survived all the misfortunes of her Family which almost from the time of her Marriage in 1612. on St. Valentines day on the eve of which she now died had fallen very thick and chiefly and solely upon it She now came to her rest among her Royal Ancestors and Relations whose Glories and Honours she left more flourishing and greater than ever Her Decease was followed with a most violent and Tempestuous Winde February the 18th by which several persons were killed and much damage done in all parts of the three Kingdoms and in Forrain Countries which might give notice that all those Troubles and Calamities this Princess had suffered and by which most parts of Europe were Tempested were quite blown over and she gone to her last Repose A very unfortunate accident happened the same Month The Lord Buckhurst but now mentioned his Brother Mr. Edward Sackvile Sir Henry Bellasis Knight of the Bath Son and Heir to the Lord Bellasis Mr. Bellasis Brother to the Lord Faulconbridge and Mr. Wentworth Son to Sir George accompanying an acquaintance out of Town upon their Return being informed there were High-way men and Thieves in the Road meeting a Tanner and suspecting him for one of them after some resistance made by him killed him for this mischance they were Arraigned at the Kings Bench Bar but by the Iury quitted it not being probable that Persons of their Estates and Quality would set upon a single Person to do him injury but it might happen meerly by a mistake and good intent of freeing the Road. The Parliament had under their consideration the bringing of Lambert and Vane to their Tryal being excepted out of the Act of Oblivion as main Authors and Contrivers of those Troubles in the Rebellion and therefore desired His Majesty that he would be pleased to send for them from their remote Prisons they were in that they might be brought to Tryal that such bold Treasons might not pass with impunity On the other hand that they might testifie their acknowledgments to the Duke of Albemarle of his great merit and services in the Redemption of his Country they by Act now resolved to settle some Mannors and Lands upon him and confirmed the Kings Grants and Patents or what should afterwards by Grants or Patents be conferred on him The Duke of Ormond was likewise presented with the sum of Thirty thousand pounds in Bills of Exchange as a gratuity from the Parliament of Ireland in respect of the Services he had done that Kingdome in the same capacity before where also the Bill of settlement of Lands was the sole Affair in Debate the difficulty about Claims of the English and Irish intricating and perplexing the Bill so that the Dukes presence was very much desired as by whose prudence understanding and competent knowledge together with his equal relation to both Parties that tedious Work could only be accommodated which brings with it the conclusion of the year 1661 the 14 th year of the King Anno Domini 1662. THE beginning of this and the end of the last year was remarkable with a very notable Providence which for the more compact account of it is totally referred hither It hapned that among other the Fugitives for the parricidial Conspiracy in the Death of the King Miles Corbet Colonel Okey and Col. Barkstead which had traversed most parts of Low and some of High Germany where they had for a while resided at the City of Hanow under borrowed names about the beginning of March were returned to Delf in Holland having appointed their Wives to meet them there to understand their Affairs in England but these their Letters being intercepted and opened by the vigilance of Sir George Downing His Majesties Resident at the Hagâ—e they were all three taken together at Barkstead's and Okey's Lodging just as Corbet after Supper was going home by the Thief-takers and the Marshal of that Town Okey offered a resolute Escape Barkstead denyed himself and desired he might fetch his Cloak in the next Room Corbet as he said having taken Physick that day fell a Purging upwards and downwards in a very strange manner Sir George himself was present at the seizure and had them that Night secured in the common and ordinary Prison and thence conveyed them by the States order on Board the Blackmore Frigot then accidentally at Helveâ—t-Sluce having only brought over Mr. Armorer sent from the King to the Lords upon special occasions About the end of March they came to Gravesend where Sir Iohn Robinson Lieutenant of the Tower by Warrant from his Majesty with a Guard carried them to the Tower whence on the 16th of April they were brought to the Kings Bench Bar and there demanded what they could say for themselves why they should not die according to Law the Act of Attainder being read to them To which they alledged they were not the same persons mentioned therein whereupon Witnesses being ready were called and a Jury impannelled who gave verdict that they were the same persons and so the Lord Chief Justice Foster proceeded to Sentence which was the same with the former complices and sufferers for that Fact and was Executed on Saturday April the 19 at Tyburn where they with better ends than any of the rest acknowledged their resolved acquiescence under the Kings Government as of God and exhorted others to do so especially Colonel Okey a person that for his valour and other good qualities was pitied by all men for his being so blinded and ensnared in this Crime to his destruction They all pretended no malice to his late Majesty and their mistake of the Parliaments Authority for good and sufficient They were all three Hanged Bowelled and Quartered but his Majesty was graciously pleased out of regard to Colonel Okey's Christian and dutiful carriage to return his Quarters to his Friends to be interred which was done in the Chappel of the Tower by the Rites appointed in the Common-Prayer to prevent the unruly concourse of the Fanaticks who assembled in multitudes to accompany his Corps insomuch that the Sheriffs were forced to disperse them Barkstead's and Corbet's quarters were set upon the Gates the Head of the former upon a Pole on Traytors Gate in the Tower and Corbet's on London-Bridge For this kindeness and civility of the Dutch States the King ordered his Resident to thank them in his Name from which parts several of the Fanaticks that fled thither upon the Kings Restitution about this time travelled into Germany an invitation being published from one of the Princes there for all Nations to come and inhabit with full priviledges and immunities certain waste places of his
Dominions and an invitation was sent hither from them to others of the same principles to follow them Her Majesty Queen Catharina was now expected to be at Sea and therefore his Majesty came to the Parliament and acquainted them with the same and desired that as a Complement to her they would cause the Highways and Streets of London to be fitted and cleansed against her reception and to make what hast with convenience they could with the dispatch of those Bills under their consideration And soon after to remedy the perversness and obstinacy of the Quakers against taking the Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy and their meeting and Conventicling publickly together to the pestring of the prisons whither they were Committed and their Enthusiast tricks one Thomas formerly a Lieutenant of that party poysoning himself and one Powel a Widdow poysoning of her Son-in-law and another person a Bill was passed against them with the said Bill for High-ways now ready for the King's assent which he gave by his Commission to the Lord Chancellor Lord Treasurer Duke of Albemarle and Earl of Manchester By this Act several inconvenient passages in London are to be enlarged and Houses that jutted into the street and obstructed the ways were to be pulled down as the upper end of Ludgate-hill on the South-side of the street and elsewhere Having but onely mentioned the Kings Declaration of his Marriage for his choice whereof both the Lords and Commons returned him their thanks it will not be impertinent in this place to give a larger and fuller account thereof This Royal Bride Heaven had more especially prepared and predisposed out of the Royal Family of the Kings of Portugal which having suffered an Ecclipse by the powerful interposition of the Spanish Monarchy for the space of neer an hundred years was now revisited in its Splendor in the assumption of Iohn Duke of Braganza the fourth of that Name King of Portugal by almost as miraculous a Turn as that of our Captivity by the Kings Restitution So Providence was pleased to adapt and fit both these Princes Conditions and Estates to this happy juncture of them in this Royal and happy Estate This was designed by King Iohn in the beginning of our Troubles and of his Reign and was one of the first Acts of State he did with us managed here by Don Antonio de Souza his Embassadour hither who was very instrumental in transacting His late Majesties Affairs of Forraign Concernments receiving and returning his Dispatches One Ingredient no doubt in point of Civility and Honour among those other of Affection and Interest that make up this Princely Match These were something as also his Majesties reflection on his Personal picque with the Spaniard who had very much disobliged him in the time of the Usurpation by courting and owning his Rebels to satisfie himself of some pretended injuries done him by his Grandfather and Father by loss of his Spanish Fleet in the Downs which the King had a most inviting opportunity here to remember Upon the return of the Conde de Mello as aforesaid with the Articles of Treaty and Marriage to Lisbon they were presently noysed about the City and more loudly reported from all the Cannon in the River both Portuges and Forraigners by which means without further Proclamation it was publick about the Town who like over-joyed People betook themselves to the presentest yet most solemn de monstrations thereof by Bonfires and Entertainments c. the Streets resounding with Healths al Re del Grand Brettanna which continued that Night and the next Day Not long after by an Express from England from the King to her she was Complemented with the Stile of Queen of Great Britain which put that Court into a new Splendor both to her Retinue and Attendance and all Honours and Duties done her as if she were actually Crowned It will not be much material to insist on all the other particulars viz. those several Messages sent and returned betwixt those two Royal Lovers together with the intercourse betwixt the Two Crowns in point of Alliance and Security nor the numerous resort of the English every day to Worship this Sun of the East and pay their Early Devotions to her It will be more unnecessary to relate those Romances and Fictions made by the Phanatick Crew at Home that there were a Fleet of Spaniards and Hollanders that lay ready in her way to intercept her Passage into England We will only mention the happy Arrival of that Fleet and the Royal Charles from England with Sir Richard Faâ—shaw sent to salute the Queen for his Majesty who now impatiently expected her Arrival as did the whole Nation together with him Just at the same time the Earl of Sandwich now the second time visited the Queen being appointed to attend her departure and to convey her into England the King her Brother and Mother with his Nobles and the whole Court in a solemn Procession and Cavalcade from his Palace where the English Gallantry there present assisted accompanied her till she Arrived at the River-side the Golden Tagus where she entred a Stately Brigandine and the Naval Triumphs commenced their Glory For as soon as the King and Queen were reimbarqued for Lisbon and returned with the discharge of all the Cannon the Fleet immediately with a fair wind and leading Gale began their course being as they past the River saluted by all the Block-Houses Forts and Castles with the imitation of their Thunder That Night and part of the next day the Wind and Weather was very propitious but then coming clear about and contrary it so retarded the Voyage that in a Fortnights time they hardly got into the middle of the Bay of Biscay where the Queens Majesty dispatcht away Mr. Montague Sir Tho. Sands and Sir Ioseph Douglas on the 29 of April at Seven at Night to give an account to the King of Her Condition which the untowardliness and averseness of the Wind had much altered by protracting her longing desires of meeting the King and also incommodating her by the tossing and topping of the Sea so that she lay sick for the most part of the Voyage until about Fifth of May with indefatigable working and skill the whole Fleet reached the Islands of Scilly the furthermost Western Dominions of England Her Arrival had been every day expected a fortnight before which caused the King to send down his only Brother the Duke of York Lord High Admiral to attend on her upon the Coast and to Complement her in his Name whereupon his Highness hasted to Portsmouth and on the Eleventh of May attended by the Duke of Ormond the Earls of Suffolk and Chesterfield the Lord Berckley and other Persons of Quality went aboard the stately Yacht with which the City of Amsterdam presented the King to Coast about the Isle of Wight to meet her Majesty On the same day Sir Ioseph Douglas making towards Portsmouth with an Express from her Majesty to
would use his best endeavours with the Parliament to that end About the same time came hither a very splendid Ambassy from the Emperour of Russia delegated to three of his Knez or Princes the one of them came some time before the other to prepare all things suitable to the State of their Reception and had Audience by the King in privatate at Hamton-Court The Principal was Knez Peter Simonewitz formerly Governour of Archangel our Port of Trade in those Dominions he was received in greater State than any former Ambassadours from any Prince whatsoever both in respect He useth the same Honours to our Soveraigns Publick Ministers and the great Immunities and Priviledges the English enjoy again there as also from that particular Affection which is between these Two Monarchs as hath been hinted before At his Receipt the whole Military Force of the City was in Arms Trained Bands Auxiliaries Hamlets Westminster-Regiments several of the Companies and Liveries of the City on Horseback in their Gold Chains with the Aldermen of the City Riding before him who near York-House where he was to be entertained by the King during his stay made a Lane for Him to pass through them thereunto Two of them Rode in the Kings Coach the Principal was at that time sick and came by Water to his House their Retinue according to their Countrey Fashion were Vested in a long Robe girt about the Middle loop-laced on the Breast and caped behind His two Coachmen and Postilions the like though English men there were some Thirty Servants that Rode a Horseback with Hawks on their Fists as Presents On New years-day they were Conducted to White Hall where they delivered their Presents of Furs as black Fox Skins Ermins many Timber or scores of Martins Beavers and the like Persian-Carpets three Persian Horses Argamarick and other Commodities of that Country as Damask Silks and Embroyderies also a Ship Loading of Hemp there were Presents of the like Nature from the Empress to the Queen and from the Prince of Russia likewise they were all received with that affection and kindness which the King on all occasions hath manifested to have for that great Potentate Two of those Embassadors departed hence for France and so to Italy the Chief stayed to to return in Iune with our ships for his own County On the Twenty sixth of December at night in the House of one Mr. â— la Noy an Hamborough Merchant who had lately married Sir Thomas Allâ—â— Daughter of Middlesex being now with Child as the Family were in Bed a suddain fire without breaking out into the Street which was the new Buildings in Loathbury where others stood or being discerned suddenly consumed all that were within goods and all the Chambers and Goods being all burnt from top to bottom and not a shreik or cry heard it being supposed the greenness of the Timber smoking more vehemently at the eruption of the fire instantly smothered them A very sad and much-lamented providence seven being reckoned that were killed in this manner The fire was perceived at last by the heat it caused in the next House but the Bricks and the shutters in the Windows kept it from breaking out Notwithstanding the inhibition to Non-conforming Ministers to Preach or Exercise their Ministry and the penalties thereof yet Mr. Calamy late Pastor of Aldermanbury by reason the Parish was disappointed on Sunday the Twenty eighth of December by a blind old Minister that should have Preached there as he pretended went into the Pulpit and Preached and by his Text and Sermon and Inferences did reflect hardly and strangely upon the state of the Church and beyond his Last if he had been also capacitated to Preach For this Transgression and Contempt he was by Warrant of the Lord Mayor committed to Newgate where many persons came to visit him to his no little advantage but within two or three days was by his Majesties gracious Clemency and his Order discharged from this Imprisonment though it were an Offence done as it were to affront that tenderness held forth in His Majesties Declaration aforesaid The Bishop of Lincoln the famous Casuist Dr. Sanderson died in the middle of Ianuary as many of that Function had preceded him since the King's Restitution and left his See to the Lord Bishop of Peterborough Dr. Laney The Lord Warreston a Committee of Safety-man and infamous for his Treason in Scotland and a Fugitive there being Proclaimed Rebel and Traytor was taken and secured in France and sent over hither where he was Committed by his Majesties Order to the Tower in order to his sending for Scotland from thence Gibs the Brother of the aforesaid Nathanael who fled and was lately retaken was sent to the Sessions at the Old Baily February the Twentieth and with the before-mentioned Baker Condemned for the same former Treason and both Executed at Tyburn in like manner The Nineteenth of February the Parliament met where the King took notice of his said Declaration of the Twenty sixth of December wherein he cleared himself of any mistakes as favouring Popery though he acknowledged the Services of many of that Profession yet he was so far from Tolerating or qualifying them thereby to hold any Office or places of Trust in the Government that he desired Laws might be made to hinder the growth of their Doctrine That his Zeal to the Protestant Religion and Uniformity shall not yield to the Bishops themselves and yet if the Dissenters will demean themselves peaceably and modestly under the Government he could heartily wish He had such a Power of Indulgence to use upon occasions as might not needlesly force them out of the Kingdome or staying here give them Cause to Conspire against the Peace of it In Answer to this His Majesties Explanation of Himself and his Declaration of the Twenty sixth of December the House of Commons distinctly and separately to every particular thereof gave His Majesty their most humble Thanks withal by their Votes and Addresses to him Vindicating their settlement of Religion in the antient Form Discipline and Government thereof from the Calumny and danger of Schism and promised to Assert it with their Lives and Estates as their particular and Parliamentary Honour which Resolutions and Reasons being of so recent Date and the Answer of the King not yet given thereunto which out-measures the time of this Chronicle I do remit to another unwearied and unperplexed Pen. Scotland in a most Peaceful state and condition and the Kingdome of Ireland in a tendency thereunto but through so many variations and vicissitudes of Domination and propriety the Lands thereof had passed that it was not imaginable the total subversion thereof by the Rebellion of both Parties there the Irish and Long Parliament could devolve things into any presumed security it having been the first and last Stage of the War sed Tucro Duce Auspice Tucro But the Eminence and Prudence of this Lord Lieutenant the most noble
over the Severn Trent and Tine and Baston in Lincolnshire for a Sea-port to receive Succours out of Holland and other Foreign parts All the Gentry were to be secured and persons were dispatch'd abroad for assistance York they aim'd at but of Hull they absolutely despair'd as Walters affirmed who to give him his due dealt most sincerely Their pretences were to have been the opposal of Excise Subsidies c. to re-establish a Gospel-Magistracie and Ministry to restore the Long Parliament and lastly to curb the Gentry Clergy and Lawyers Fifteen of the seventeen first arraigned were found guilty the chiefest of whom was one Captain Oates Afterwards several others were arraigned who farther confessed how the Designe had been carried on by a private Committee at London That Lambert or Ludlow was propos'd for to have headed them That the Rising was to have begun in Ireland to have followed in England and then in Scotland Of these Cotton Denham and Atkins were the chief who all behaved themselves with a notorious insolence Cotton protesting that he valued his life no more than the Judge did his Handkerchief There was also among them one Corney a Preaching Anabaptist Most of them being convicted and condemned were afterwards executed some at York some at Leeds and others in other places Immediately after this Iames Turner a person for nothing more known than for the confidence of his behaviour came upon the Stage to plead for himself who had been a Sollicitor for others before he was Indicted for Felony and Burglary as one that had robb'd his own most intimate friend Mr. Samuel Tryon breaking into his house and binding him in his bed and then rifling away what he pleased in the house the matter of fact was so ill defended by a tedious Speech of his own that he was condemned and shortly after executed in Leaden-hall-street near Lime-street-end But to go on where this necessary digression interrupted me and to shew how the links of their treasonable Combination hung together at London shortly after was tried a Printer for having had a hand in Printing one of the most execrable Libels that was ever brought to light being a designe all at once upon the Life Honor Authority and Royal Family of the King wherein there was a general Call to a Rising in these very words If there be any City Town or County in the three Nations that will begin this Righteous and Glorious Work referring to the word Revolt they may be assured c. It was also ordered to have met the day appointed for the general Rising He was found Guilty of having advisedly and malitiously Printed the said Libel and was thereupon adjudged to be drawn hanged and quartered After him a Printer a Bookseller and a Book-binder were tri'd for a Misdemeanor found Guilty and fin'd the one a hundred Mark the other two forty Mark apiece all of them to stand in the Pillory and be return'd to Prison till the next Sessions and then to confess their faults in such manner as the Court should direct and to put in Security 400 lib. for themselves and 200 lib. for their Surety never to Print sell or publish any Book but such as should be by Law appointed The prementioned condemn'd Printer was executed accordingly The three others stood in the Pillory in Smithfield and before the Royal-Exchange their Offence being expressed in these words For selling and uttering malitious scandalous and seditioâ—s Books against the King the State and Peace of the Kingdom Nor must we omit the particular Acts of Providence as well as those which are universal A Story very observable in the preservation of divers Persons of Quality in a house in Holborne who being there met to a considerable number a Link-boy passing under the wall of the House observ'd the House failing who thereupon immediately ran in and bid the Company be gone for the House was falling upon their heads And so returning at the same instant and the Company following him as fast as they could they were no sooner out and clear of the door but the house fell indeed to the ground without any harm to the Company This Month an Antient Gentleman a Portugueze lodging in Hart-street in Covent-Garden having been abroad at his Devotions sent his Servant out to provide him some Fish for his Dinner which being dress'd and serv'd up a little while after the people of the house heard the report of a Pistol but took no farther notice of it A while after that the Gentlemans Servant a Portugueze likewise called Peter Caesar came down and sate to Dinner with the people of the house where he staid most part of the afternoon and then went abroad and came in again Toward the evening he went forth another time and caused a Porter to bring home a large Chest which being carried up stairs the Boy drew it into his Masters Chamber and a good while after called the Porter to help him down with it which he did accordingly But the Chest proving too heavy for the Porter and the Youth another Porter was call'd and so they carried it away to the water-side where it was put into a Boat and the Boy bidding the Water-man cross the water pretending he was to receive mony for the Goods in the Chest from a person that was to meet him there staid a while but no body coming at length in a rage to see himself disappointed caus'd the fellow to row him back again and by the way slipp'd the Chest into the Thames and left it as in a fury to see himself sent of an Errand to so little purpose After this the Boy returned to his Masters Lodging but some blood being discovered upon the stairs the fellow was apprehended next morning the Chest being taken up and opened there was found the body of his Master shot through the head That which moved him to this horrid Villany was a sum of mony between 3 and 400 hundred pound which his Master wore about him in a List. He was afterwards condemn'd and executed at Tyburn Upon the Nineteenth of March the Lord Holles Embassador from his Majesty to the French King received his Audience at Chasteauneuf with great Justice to the Royal Dignity of his Master and with honourable respect to himself The sum of what his Excellencie delivered which was in English tending principally to signifie his Royal Masters Intentions to preserve an Amity and fair Correspondence with that King upon confidence of the like from his Christian Majesty To which the French King's Reply was briefly That his Excellencie might assure his Master the King of Great Britain of as much from himself concluding with some expressions of particular respects to the Person of the English Embassador And it was observable that none of the Princes of the Blood who had got the precedencie of several Embassadors of late years were there to dispute it with Ours This Month the King
of his Majesty Upon the 9 th of December the Right Reverend Humphrey Lord Bishop of London was sworn one of his Majesties most Honorable Privy Council having for his great Worth Learning and Integrity been a little before translated from New Sarum to the more dignifi'd See of London Soon after came news of the death of that Eminent Loyal and Renowned Patriot Judge Ienkins who died at his house at Cowbridge in the 81 year of his age in perfect Sence and Memory He di'd as he liv'd preaching with his last breath to his Relations Loyalty to the King and obedience to the Laws of England leaving behind him an unspotted Fame and the Memory of a President which this Age only could have needed and the next will hardly out-do A great storm threatned the Dutch Merchants trading in the Grand Seigniors Dominions by the miscarriage of their Ships which loading the Grand Seigniors Goods and Merchandize of Turks to the value of 170000 Dollars was surpriz'd by a Malthese But the Turks would not believe but that the Commander of the Dutch Vessel was privy to some Treachery and therefore the Grand Seignior resolving not to lose what was in his power to recover sent for the Holland Resident perswading him that he engag'd for the fidelity of the Master to make him and the Dutch Nation responsible for his loss in order whereunto directions were given to secure the Dutch Merchants in Smyrna and the Resident commanded to abide in Adrianople so that there was no way to redeem him from ensuing mischief but a quick promise of satisfaction In Italy the Pope and King of France were like to have been engag'd in a very great Quarrel For the Pope being incens'd against the King of France for encroaching upon the Church occasion'd by the Popes delay of giving him satisfaction for the injury done to the Duke of Grequi by the Corsi began a serious debate in the Conclave how to proceed against him whether by Excommunication or otherwise though carried in the end for moderation However the King of France possesses himself of Avignon The Pope kept a great bustle at first and made a fair shew as if he would have oppos'd the French King but the King of France having already sâ—nt some Troops into Italy and ready to advance with a greater Body at length Articles of Agreement were sign'd at Pisa between Bourlemont and Cardinal Rasponi First That the Cardinal Imperial should be confin'd to Genoa during the Kings pleasure That Dom Mario the Popes Brother should be banish'd to Siena for three years not to return to Rome upon any pretence whatsoever That Cardinal Chigi the Popes Nephew should be sent into France where at his first Audience he should desire the French Kings Pardon for himself and his whole Family and in his second Audience in the Name of the Pope supplicate the Christian Kings excuse for the affront given to the Duke of Crequi That the said Duke in his return to Rome by Land should be met at the Frontiers of the State Ecclesiastick by Dom Augusto another of the Popes Nephews if by Sea at a proportionate distance by the Gallies of the Church And the Dutchess of Crequi to be receiv'd at a Leagues distance from Rome by the Wife of Dom Mario That the Duke of Crequi being return'd to Rome shall be there treated with all bâ—n our due and customary to the Ministers of France That the Duke of Cesarini be restor'd to his Goods and Honors and indemnifi'd for the future and all others who had suffer'd in the King of France's Quarrel The Dutchy of Castro restor'd to the Duke of Parma paying 1200000 Livres at such and such payments The Valley of Cornachio to the Duke of Modena paying 500000 Livres in consideration of the charge of Garrisons That there be a Pillar rais'd in the Palace of the Corsi with an Inscription bearing the substance of their Condemnation Out of which Articles the ground of the Quarrel is easie to be gather'd and how easily a Catholick Prince though one of the Eldest Sons of the Church can dispence with his obedience to the Pope when he has a power and spirit to resist him and that it is not the Law of Nature that the Pope should trample upon the Necks of Princes Rasponi with great reluctancie linger'd out to the last moment but the Pope found himself oblig'd to yield to the King upon his own Conditions While the Christian Princes are thus at difference the Turk enlarges his Dominions laying Siege to New-hausel one of the most considerable Passes and Forts which the Christians had in those parts The Bassa coming before the Town sent in a Summons to Count Foâ—gats the Governor in these words I through the Grace of God and through the Miracles of our Prophet who is a Son of both Worlds and by whom there is happiness and glory I that am the first in Council and General of the most Mighty Emperor of the Turks that is the King of all the Kings of the Earth To you Adam Forgats that are the Chief of the Nobility of Hungary Do make known that through the Command of my gratious Lord I am come with his Forces before New-hausel to reduce it to his obedience Wherefore if ye shall deliver up the place to us you shall have liberty to march out with what belongs to you from the highest to the lowest and to what place you please And he that will rather stay shall keep his goods and estate But if you will not yield we will take it by force and every man of ye from the highest to the lowest of you shall be put to the sword If the Hungarians did but know the Intentions of the Mighty Emperor they and their Children would bless God for them Peace be to the Obedient But for all this menacing Summons the Town held out many a brisk Assault of the Besiegers who lost near 20000 of their men before it so that it was verily reported that the Enemy would have quitted the Siege had it held out a week longer But Count Forgats delivered iâ— up at length contrary to the will of the Germans upon Conditions to march out Bag and Baggage to the next Garrison leaving behind him 60 brass Guns Powder and Ball in proportion 3000 fats of Wine and plenty of Provisions Count Serini watched all advantages yet durst not attempt to relieve it by reason of the smalness of his force and yet in some measure he quit scores with them shortly after For hearing of a great Body of the Enemy who were intending to lay a Ship-bridge over the River Mur he march'd thither and as soon as he understood that two thousand were got over the water he set upon them at such a disadvantage that he put them to the rout their fellows that were coming over fell into such a consternation that they could neither get back nor swim nor
The Duke all this while kept the Fleet in most excellent Order and which was more under so strict a Discipline that Captain Nixon Commander of the Elizabeth for letting two Capers escape which he had encountred in the Soundings and a Common Souldier for Seditious and Mutinous words were both Executed that as no encouragement should be wanting to them that behav'd themselves honourably so no unhandsome Action should go unpunish'd In the mean time the Parliament that was to have sate the Twenty first of Iune was by his Majesty again Prorogued by Proclamation for sundry weighty Reasons till further time It will not be here amiss for variety sake to mention a Curiosity discovered at a place call'd Bald Bathford three miles from Bath where was found a Monument very admirable both for its Antiquity Form and Structure from the top three or four Foot deep it was â—ourteen foot long and sixteen foot broad made of stones of several Colours as Blew Red Murray and White delicately cut not above an Inch broad curiously set and strongly Cemented the Floor was very delightful to behold Round about it were plac'd divers Figures and in the midst a Bird standing on a Sprig It is thought to have been a convenience for water A Work of great cost and labour and which shew'd the excellency of much lost Art But we must now return to feats of War again where we find our selves at first to have received some loss as well as all honour and Victory And this happen'd by reason of the miscarriage of the Hamborough-Fleet True it is that a Convoy was desired of the Duke then lying before the Texel and as true it was that a Convoy was dispatch'd but with Instructions to hasten the Ships away within ten days and caution not to venture after that yet they after the Ten days were over venturing against Orders to Sea fell into the Enemies hands who upon our removal from the Dutch Coast had upon Notice sent out to Attaque them which was the more easily done by reason that the Roe-Ketch ordered to give them advice of the Dukes removal mist of finding them they being gone out of the Road before the Ketch could arrive there Nor was this the first Disaster for the Diamond had been thus lost before upon the Coast of Italy and carried into Villa Franca and there made Prize But for these Losses that Noble and Signal Victory which ensu'd made a most Ample Satisfaction For upon the third of Iune both Fleets met between which there followed a most sharp and fierce Encounter in which with the loss only of one Ship nam'd the Charity a Vessel formerly taken from the Enemy were taken Eighteen very considerable Ships and good Men of War as the Chancellour gave an account in his Speech at the following Sessions of Parliament funk and fiâ—d Ten more of the biggest the Dutch had carrying between them Five hundred and forty Guns besides four Fireships totally destroy'd Opdam's Ship carrying Eighty four Guns was with himself and all his Men to the number of Five hundred blown up in the heat of the Fight Captain Smith in the Mary Boarded a Zealander of Seventy six Guns and Four hundred Men which 〈◊〉 Opdam's Ship was blown up came to have grappled with the Duke The Zealander was torn in pieces and the Captain taken but soon after dy'd of his Wounds Two Thousand sixty three Prisoners were brought into Colehester of which Thirteen Commanders In sum it was Computed that they losâ— ten for one among the rest were â—aid to be blown up in Opdam's ship certain of the French Nation of no small quality though some of ours were persons of greater Note as the Earl of Falmouth Lord Muskerry and Mr. Boyle who fell all three by one Cannon-shot so near the Person of the Duke that he was besprinkled with their Blood besides them the Earls of Portland and Marleborough Rear-Admiral Sanson and Sir Iohn Lawson as good as kill'd for he dy'd of his Wounds as great a loss as any Nor was it without Reason that Fate fell so severe upon these persons seeing that the whole burthen of the encounter lay upon Thirty only of the Kings Ships After this great Action the chief business of the Fleet was to prepare for more But the ill success of this Fight caus'd many disorders and complaints among the People in Holland for appearing whereof the States took a strange way to Revenge themselves upon their own Officers many of whom they tax'd either of Cowardice or ill Management and question'd for their Lives Three of their Captains were Executed at the Helder Two more were ordered to have their Swords broken over their Heads and the Master to Vice-Admiral Cortinaer to stand upon a Scaffold with a Halter about his Neck But this success in War was somewhat allay'd by the heat of the approaching Sickness which now grew hot in London and the Suburbs The Queen-Mother therefore returns for France being attended to the Kentish-Coast in the Katharine Yacht by the King together with his Royal Highness Prince Rupert the Duke of Monmouth and others between whom after all Solemnities of taking leave had pass'd the King leaves his Mother to pursue her Journey into France Afterwards he went aboard the Royal Charles in the Bâ—oy of the Nore where he bestow'd the Honour of Knighthood upon several Captains that had behav'd themselves valiantly in the late Fight as Rear-Admiral Tiddeman Captain Cuttins Captain Iordan and Captain Sprage after which he visited most of the Flag-ships giving all necessary directions for the dispatch of the Fleet and so return'd by water to Greenwich and from thence by Coach to Hampton-Court from whence in a short while he remov'd afterwards to Salisbury but the Distemper there increasing he retired to Oxford where he remain'd a considerable time The Seat of the Muses now the Palace of the British Monarch proving so happy a Receptacle that all the Concourse of People to a Kings Court to a Parliament and to a Term prov'd no way prejudicial to the health and safety of the Place However for the security of his Chief City the King that he might not absolutely be said to withdraw his Beams from her Disconsolate Walls left them to the Charge and particular care of the Duke of Albemarle who in all the heat of the Distemper continu'd at White-Hall with a Courage equal to his Dignity And for the better preventing of Tumults a Proclamation was Published Requiring all Disbanded Officers and Souldiers who had serv'd in the Armies of any of the late Vsurped Powers to depart the Cities of London and Westminster and not to return within Twenty Miles of the same till November following And now his Majesties Fleet the damages of those Ships which were damnified in the late Fight being repair'd and several of the Dutch Prizes being fitted for Service began to Embody again so that
how diffusive the Kings Royal care was for the good of his Subjects as well far distant as neer home Mr. Warren employ'd for that purpose had now for the benefit of the English Trade in Africa made a Peace with Sancta Cruze Sophia and Morocco In the last of which Places when the Emperour heard that the English Agent was come to make a Peace with him he ordered a Guard of 500 Horse to Conduct him to his Court which attended the Agent above Fourscore Miles And all this while the Mediterranean Sea were secured by a strong Squadron of Ships under the Command of Sir Ieremy Smith Sir Christopher Mimms missing of the Dutch at home sail'd away for the Coast of Sweden where coming to an Anchor at the Mouth of the Elve with a Charge of Merchants under his Convoy General Wrangle made it his business to travel 30 miles to give him a visit Aboard his Ship whom the English Admiral entertain'd according to his Dignity The Parliament in Scotland Issued out a Proclamation Commanding all Ministers who had entred before the Year 49 and since the Restitution of the Church-Government by Archbishops and Bishops had Relinquish'd their Ministery or had been Deposed by their Ordinary to remove themselves within Forty days after their Relinquishment or Deposal out of the Parishes where they were Incumbents and not to Reside within Twenty miles of the same nor within six Miles of Edenburgh or any Cathedral nor within Three Miles of any Burgh Royal nor to Inhabit Two in one Parish upon Penalty of Incurring the Laws made against movers of Sedition This Proclamation was occasion'd by the Insolent Carriage of one Alexander Smith a Depos'd Minister who being taken at a Conventicle was conven'd before the High Commission-Court but gave such reviling Language against the Archbishop of St. Andrews who sate there as President that the Lord Commissioner ordered him to be put in Irons Twenty four hours in the Theives Hole In Ireland the Parliament being likewise Sate fell upon the Examination of certain of their Members who were said to have been in the Plot in the Year 1663. Robert Shapcott Alexander Staples and five others were call'd to the Bar and for that Reason were Expell'd the House and made incapable of ever sitting in any Parliament of that Kingdom Forein Affairs 1665. The King of Poland having made a fruitless and very unsuccessful expedition against the Muscovites the event thereof was That being deserted by his Tartars and Cossacks for fear of being surrounded by the Muscovites who having intelligence of his condition had gathered their Forces together with the same intention he was forc'd to make his retreat through a vast Desert of twenty Leagues over wherein meeting with neither Forrage nor other conveniencies his whole Cavalry was utterly ruin'd and all his Nobility and Gentry highly discontented to see themselves in that manner lost without a stroke dispersed themselves and left him This Calamity which they say broke his Heart was follow'd by the revolt of Lubomirsky a great Souldier and of high repute in that Country whose dignities and Estate the King had Confiscated as not conformable to his Government Lubomirsky takes Arms gathers together a very formidable Body and though now grown considerable both in his own Forces and the affections of the Polish Nobility tenders his service to the King offers to make use of his power against the Common Enemy the Muscovite on condition he might be restored to his Territories and Charges But the King giving no heed to his Proposals raises and Army marches against him and being come now within four miles of Lubomirskie with an intention to give him Battle he assembled his Nobility and Gentry and in a long Oration endeavour'd to encourage them to behave themselves resolutely against the Enemie of their Country and Rebel to himself But they gave him for answer That they acknowledged it was their duty to hazard their Lives against any publick Enemy whatsoever but to fight against their fellow-Subject and Citizen whom they could not finde to have committed any crime worthy so high a punishment as was inflicted on him they could not adventure at all This Answer so disturb'd the King that he withdrew himself and posted directly for Warsaw destitute of Counsel or Assistants and was at length forc'd to the Restauration of Lubomirskie to avoid the hazard of greater Inconveniencies This year a great Quarrel broke forth among the Princes of the Empire as the Electors of Mentz Triers Collen and others But as those difference were long a brewing so it was not an easie work to compose them though the Emperour was very diligent in his Mediation He had no reason to desire War who was in daily expectance of the arrival of his Contracted Empress the Infanta of Spain of whose hastening into Germany he had received certain intelligence from her Father In February he sent his power into Spain to the Duke de Medina de las Torres for the Marrying of her but she arrived not at Vienna this year But returning to feats of War we finde the Duke of Beaufort encountring in the Mediterranean-Sea with a Squadron of Argier Men of War five in number but two of them ran themselves aground the other three he caus'd three of his Captains to set upon who did so well acquit themselves that the Admiral of the Pyrates carrying 600 Men and 50 pieces of Cannon lost in the dispute above half her men the rest threw themselves into the Sea and set fire on the ship Nor did the other two carrying 400 Men and 30 Guns apiece run a better fortune being both sunk and burnt Nor did it serve their turns that they had withdrawn themselves within Carabine-shot of the very Forts belonging to Tunis This was an honourable undertaking and as successfully performed However the Victory which the Portugueses obtain'd against the Spaniard made a greater noise in the World which most not be forgotten as obtain'd by the Valour of the English At first the Spaniards Charg'd the Portuguez and French Horse so home that they beat them into the Rear but the English coming to charge recovered all the ground which the other had lost and kept it which so encourage'd the rest that they came on again afresh and then the English charging again with the same success as before caus'd the Enemy to quit the Field Major Trelawney charged the Prince of Parma at the head of his own Battalia kill'd most of his men and brought off his Standard He had his Horse â—lain under him but was remounted by his Lieutenant The General of the Horse was taken five thousand Prisoners all their Baggage and seven pieces of Cannon together with 3000 Mules But in the Imperial Court there was no small distraction by reason of the death of Duke Sigismunâ—â— the Emperour's Brother whom some supposed to have been taken away by Poison though others
make of any Exactions practis'd upon them by any of the Officers Sub-Officers or Clerks in the Navy-Office or Treasury-Office that if the same should appear to be true Justice might be done upon the one and Satisfaction given to the other About this time dy'd Mr. Abraham Cowley one of the chiefest Ornaments of this Age whose Immature Death succeeding Ages will lament when they finde what Treasures they have lost by his untimely Fate His temperate Life did not deserve so short a Period But Heaven perhaps thought he had done enough that could not well do more than make himself Immortal His Body was convey'd from Wallingford-House to Westminster-Abbey attended by many Persons of very great Quality over whose Grave has been since Erected a stately Monument to Eternize his Memory In America the French had a Design upon Mevis having drawn out all their Forces from Martenico Guadaloup and St. Christophers strengthen'd also with an additional force of their own and two Dutch Men of War being in all 32 Sail but being encountred by 10 Sail of the English who were sent by Lieutenant General Willoughby for the relief of the Island the English so smartly Encountr'd them that he Chased them home to St. Christophers Upon the Return of the English to Mevis they found Sir Iohn Harman newly Arriv'd there with seven Men of War and two Fireships who understanding what had happen'd resolv'd to fall upon them in their own Ports which he did so effectually that he burn'd their Admiral and six or seaven of their best Ships more the rest all but two were sunk partly by the industry of the Enemy partly by the Shot of the English Ships in which Service the English lost not above 80 Men with little damage to their Vessels From the other Indies two ships about this time arriv'd under the Convoy of Sir Ieremy Smith who having been cruising in the Streights the most part of the Summer had met with no opportunity of considerable action more than to keep the Dominion of the Seas However at length he made a shift to meet with two Dâ—â—ch East-Indie-Prises outward bound which he brought home returning into St. Helâ—ens-Road toward the end of September Nor did the Dutch at any time Triumph where the number was not too unequal as appeared by the success of six of our smaller Frigats who falling in with three Holland Men of War of 42 36 and 30 Guns and two Merchant-men to the Northward took the three Men of War and one of the Merchant-men being forc'd to quit the other upon view of a whole Squadron of the Enemy At home the King had notice of the great concourse of very many persons of the Romish Religion to the Chappels of St. Iames and Somerset-house and therefore gave order in â—ouncil That if any of his Subjects not being of the Families of the Queen or Queen-Mother or of Forrein Embassadors should repair to hear Mass or perform any Exercises of the Romish Religion that they should be severely prosecuted and such punishments inflicted upon them as by Law were provided And for the better discovery of such as were addicted to Popery the Lord-Keeper was Authoriz'd to issue out Commissions of Dedimus Potestatem for administring the Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy in all places of England and Wales where they had not been already granted by the Lord-Chancellor The abuses also of the Company of Woodmongers were look'd into and upon frequent consultations thereupon had it was thought fit that for the conveniency of the Publick their Charter should be surrender'd which when they peremptorily refus'd to do the Atturney-General was order'd to proceed against them by Quo Warranto and by Information in the Crown-Office The City began to rise with more splendor now than ever which the King to forward as much as in him lay as soon as the Foundation of the Royal Exchange was appointed to be laid was pleased to be present and assisting at the Solemnity His Majesty there placing the first Stone with the usual Ceremonies Not long after the Duke of York attended with several persons of Honour went into the City and being honourably receiv'd by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen with the usual Ceremonies upon such occasions laid the first Stone for a second Pillar which gave so great an encouragement to the Workmen that never did so large a Structure go on with greater Vigour The remaining part of the Year was more for Counsel than Action And therefore the King for the better regulating affairs for the future among other Important parts thereof taking into his consideration the ways and methods of managing matters at the Council-Board establish'd several standing Committees for several businesses with regular daies for their Assembling And not content to have Peace at home His Majesty to shew himself a Mediator among his Neighbours sent his Embassador the Earl of Sandwich on that Grand Errand of making Peace between Spain and Portugal who soon after he had his dispatches arriv'd at Lisbon He no sooner had had his Audience but upon the resignation of the former King the Infanta his Brother took possession of the Scepter However so well he manag'd his employ that in a short while after the Articles were fully agreed on between the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal and the Ratification mutually exchang'd between the said Embassador of England and the Spanish and Portugueze Commissioners and soon thereupon publish'd both at Madrid and Lisbon The Insolencies of private Men of War were about this time very great and therefore the King taking into consideration as well the safeguard and protection of his own Subjects as of his Allies the disturbances of Commerce and the diminution of his own Revenues in his own Ports and Harbours set forth a Proclamation commanding an inviolable Tâ—uce and Cessation in his own Ports Havens and Roads That his Subjects by Sea and Land should do their utmost to hinder the roving and hovering of any Men of War neer the Entry of any of his Ports or Harbours That if any Men of War of one side came into any Port where were Merchant-men of another party the Merchant-men should be suffer'd to depart two Tides before the Men of War That no Privateer with forrein Commission should stay above 24 hours in any of his Majesties Ports or Harbours That none of his Majesties Subjects should contract or deal with any forrein Man of War That no Mariner or Officer being the King 's Subject should presume to put himself into the service of any forrein Prince or State Toward the beginning of this Moneth the Paâ—â—â—ament according to their Adjournment met At which time the King coming to the House of Lords directed his Speech to both Houses telling them that he had made a League Defensive with the States of the Vnited Provinces with a League also for an Efficacious Mediation of Peace betwixt the two Crowns
into which Sweden had offer'd to enter as a Principal Then putting them in minde of his vast Expences pasâ— and necessarily to ensue by the building of Ships and setting out another Navy he desir'd their speedy assistance with Money Lastly he recommended to their care to consider of a course how to beget a better Union of his Protestant Subjects After this Peace with the Dutch ensued the Peace with Spain not only renewing the ancient Friendship but enlarging the Trade and Commerce between both Kingdoms concluded in May last and this Moneth Proclaimed in England Toward the beginning of the Moneth the Count De Dona Embassador Extraordinary from the Crown of Sweden arriv'd at London but before he had concluded his Negotiation died in May following Toward the latter end of the Moneth Sir William Temple Envoy Extraordinary from his Majesty to the States of the Vnited Provinces having exchanged the Ratification of the late concluded League concluded another League concerning Maritime Affairs and having sent it into England for confirmation departed from Holland for Brussels The third of this Moneth was Launch'd that Famous Ship still known by the Name of Charles the Second This Moneth also upon the Petition of the Commons in Parliament a Proclamation was issu'd forth to enforce the Laws against Conventicles and for preserving the Peace of the Nation against unlawful Assemblies Forein Affairs 1667. A Gentleman of Savoy having his Head cut off at Geneva for some Crime committed there the Duke of Savoy did so exceedingly resent their Proceedings which he affirm'd to be both against the last Treaty between that City and him and against the Law of Nations that he was resolv'd to employ his Arms against them The City of Geneva appeal'd to the Switzers who in a Dyet at Baden as well of the Roman-Catholicks as Protestants where were also present the Embassadors of the Emperour and King of Spain unanimously resolv'd to give their Assistance to Geneva The Emperour's Embassador declar'd the like in the Name of his Master who was oblig'd to protect Geneva as an Imperial City being unjustly assaulted by a Prince of the Empire The Spanish Embassador deliver'd himself also in their favour But the main Affair which alarm'd the Princes of Europe was the pretension which the King of France made to the Spanish Netherlands and his great preparations to get the possession of what he laid claim to by force of Arms. Castle-Rodrigo represented to the King of France the scandal which would be given to all the World when they should see him engaged in a War against a Brother of only six years of age and a Regency subordinate to the Laws of a Testator without any form of Justice or demand of satisfaction That he doubted not but the Queen his Mistriss would willingly refer her self to the Princes of the Roman Empire to the Crown of England or the Vnited Provinces And thereâ—ore left it to his consideration how unjust it would be to attempt any Invasion without those Formalities and Interpositions which the Christian Princes had always observed Of this the King of France takes little notice for he thought he had done enough a little before by his Letter to the Queen of Spain wherein he wrote to her that she could not but know the right which the Queen his Wife had to several Territories of the Netherlands which she knowing to be solid had desir'd her Majesty to take particular Cognizance of and do her Justice therein That she in her Answer had not only pretended that she could not upon any consideration of that Affair enter into a discussion thereof but had sent Orders to the Governour of Flanders to administer the Oath of Fidelity to be administred to all the States and People of that Country which being an absolute refusal of doing him Justice had put him upon a necessity of being wanting to his Honour to himself to his Queen and the Dolphin his Son should he not by force of Arms endeavour to obtain that reason which had been denied him The Queen of Spain returns for Answer that the King of France could not be ignorant of the just Rights of the King her Son however that she was willing to enter into an Amicable Treaty wherein the Rights of her Son and Him might be seasonably examin'd so that Justice might take place by the ways and means most proper But the King of France not liking these delays of Words falls into the Spanish Territories in the Netherlands and takes Tournay Doway Bergen St. Winox Courtrich Oudenard and Lille and almost wholly reduces those parts under his Jurisdiction and besides all this he defeats a great part of the Spanish Army under Marcin killing 2000 upon the place and pursuing the rest to the very Walls of Damin On the other side he sends the Duke of Crequi with a Body of 8000 men to secure Alsatia and to prevent any Succours that the Emperour might send And hearing that his Forces were upon their March commanded the Prince of Conde as Generalissimo of that place to send a supply to Crequi to lie in their way Toward the latter end of the Year he fell into Franche Comte where the Prince of Conde took Bessanson Dole Gray Besterans Rochefort and so many other places that by the latter end of February the Conquest of that place was wholly compleated Though the Swedes stood firm to England during the War yet now that the King of England had concluded a Peace with the Dutch they also did the same The chief Conditions of the Treaty were That Swedeland should give up all their pretensions upon account of the Fort Cabo Corso in Guiny and the Ship Christina That the Swedes should give up all their Rights to the East-Indies and neither directly nor indirectly sail into those Coasts upon the account of Trade For which the King of Sweden should receive from the Dutch the sum of 140000 Crowns This Year toward the latter end of May died Pope Alexander the 7 th in the sixty ninth year of his Age and the twelfth of his Papacy In his place after several warm disputes was at length chosen Iulio Rospigliosi of Pistoya Secretary of State to the late Pope deceased He entred upon the Chair in the 71 year of his age by the Name of Clement the ninth As for the Venetian he had his hands full this year the City of Candy being now closely Besieged but though it were with greater numbers Assaulted it was with greater courage all this year defended Nor was Poland free from the Irruptions of the Tartars who had almost defeated the Polish General Sobieskie but that he made a timely Peace with them upon condition of a general Oblivion release of Prisoners on both sides and a sum of Money to be paid them Anno Dom. 1668. TOward the end of March several idle persons in and about the City being got together and abusing the Liberty givâ—n 'um by
Reside there as his Legate France may be thought to have no kindness for the Jesuits however the most Christian King could not be said to do amiss not to let 'um Triumph over their Superiors for Complaint being made that the Jesuits in the Diocess of Fambers had refus'd to give Obedience to the Bishop of that Diocess the King gave leave to the Bishop to proceed against them by Excommunication according to the Priviledges of the Gallicane Church whereupon the Bishop suspended them from all their Functions forbidding them to Preach Teach or Confess any person within the Territories of his Diocess The King of France being now Master of several Towns of Flanders late under the Jurisdiction of the Spaniards and having totally reduc'd the County of Burgundy under his Subjection of which in favour of the Prince of Conde he immediately granted two Reversions one to the Duke D' Enguien Son of the said Prince and the other to the Duke of Bourbon his Grand-Child thought it convenient to listen to the Mediation then proffer'd by several Princes of Europe chiefly by the King of England and the States of the Vnited Netherlands so that a Treaty was concluded upon and Aix la Chapelle appointed the Place for the Commissioners to meet in In the mean time while the Spaniards lay upon their Demurs a League was Concluded by the Mediation of the Earl of Sandwich the King of Englands Embassador at Lisbon between the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal a League of sincere and perpetual Peace containing a Release of Prisoners Nullity of Confiscations Freedom of Commerce and such other Usual Articles which were in Six Months after Publication to be Confirm'd and Ratifi'd by the King of Great Britain And now as if the General Design of Europe were Peace the Commissioners meet at Aix la Chapelle for the King of England Sir William Temple for the Dutch Mr. Beverning for the French Monsieur Colbert for the King of Spain the Baron of Bergeick who having some time before Sign'd Provisional Articles in order to a final Conclusion whereby a suspension of Arms was granted and the March of the French Army Countermanded at length fell seriously to their Work so that by the second of May the Articles of General Peace were sign'd by the Plenipotentiaries of both Kings and afterwards Proclaim'd through all the Chief places of France Spain and Flanders to the general content of Europe and satisfaction of the Mediators But notwithstanding this fair Peace the Spaniards did not like the Neighbourhood of the French and therefore would have made an Exchange of some other Territories of theirs lying farther off for that oâ— Frâ—nche Comâ—e On the otherside the French not satisfi'd with what they had got Claim'd several Towns as dependencies upon their late Conquests as the Towns of Conde Newport and other places Hereupon to end these differences and to settle the bounds of the French Jurisdiction Commissioners are appointed to meet at Lille but they determine nothing upon which the French King makes a positive demand of all that he Challeng'd and the Spaniards Order the several Commanders to have a care of the Defence of their several Charges In which posture we leave 'um hatching new Discords for this Year Leaving these great Actors upon the Stage of the World we are coming to one who is making his Exit for the King of Poland at the beginning of the Year had signifiâ—â— to the publick Dyet of that Kingdom his Resolution to make a Resignation many applications were made to him whether Real or out of Ceremony not here to be determin'd that he would please to change his purpose and some other delays happen'd as in a matter of so great importance so that the Ceremony was not perform'd till September at which time the King appearing in the publick Assembly and in a pathetick Speech insisting on his misfortune to meet with such bad times and desiring pardon for what had been done amiss during the time of his Raign departed out of the Assembly and in his own Coach leaving the Castle went to a private House he had in the City The Nobility would have attended him but he refus'd it But there were enough that ardently coveted what he had so calmly forsaken The Duke of Muscovy was urgent for his own Son The Emperour for the Prince of Lorrain And the French King for the Duke of Newburg a Creature of his own But the Pole refus'd all but more especially the French whose Embassador the Bishop of Bezieres they would not endure should stay in the Kingdom to have any finger in the Election Nor was any thing this Year concluded In Holland Monsieur Cariâ—ius put a very hard Riddle to the States When they would be pleas'd to pay his Majesty the King of Denmark several sums of Money which he pretended to be due upon Promise particularly 400000 Rixdollars from the States of Holland and 14000 from those of Amsterdam This Question occasion'd many Debates and Conferences and was at length put to the Arbitration of the King of France Now for varieties sake and to shew there was some Justice at Rome I must not omit an Act of the Pope at this time raigning A Complaint being Exhibited to his Holiness by a person of Tivoli that whereas he had liv'd several years with his Mother with great content and satisfaction upon an Estate of 1500 Dollars per Annum His Mother falling sick was during her sickness so far prevail'd upon by a Jesuit her Confessor that she had by Will given away all the Estate to the Order not reserving any thing for the subsistance of him her Son The Pope extreamly dissatisfi'd with this Complaint sent for his own Confessor and in very severe Language commanded him to finde out the General and in his Name to require him to write to the Superior at Tivoli to restore the Petitioner his Land again Nor must we omit now we are at Rome the Canonization of an American Virgin named Rosa a Nun in a Covent of St. Dominick For every body in England does not understand what a glorious thing it is to be made a Saint The Church was hung with Tapistry and Inscriptions in honour of the New Saint on the Altar stood her Image and about it the Arms of the Pope the King of Spain the Kingdom of Peru and this Religious Dominican During the Te Deum one of the Cannons of St. Peters Church was fir'd a great number of Drums and Trumpets sounding and several Vollies of shot given by a Squadron of Germans drawn up neer the Church After which a solemn Mass was sung by six Quires of Musick In the Afternoon the Pope heard Vespers in the same Church present several Cardinals with the Embassadors and Ministers of Forrein Princes and the Evening spent in Lights and Fire-works The Venetians are busied for the defence of their Candia and by the Assistance of the French hold the Turk hard to it this
men of Saâ—y since the Truce made with him to be restor'd to their Liberty But the further issue of this Embassie is to be expected in the following Year And for this delay the Emperour excus'd himself for not engaging so great a person in a Country where he had not power to protect him Returning home we meet with no small loss in the Decease of the Duke of Albemarle after a long indisposition of Health in the sixty second year of his Age. His Garter being brought to the King was by his immediate command carried back to the Earl of Turrington then by his Father's death Duke of Albemarle with a further declaration that he should immediately also succeed in the place of Gentleman of his Bed-chamber and Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Devon and farther the King was pleas'd to send him word that as the last mark of Gratitude to the memory of the Deceased he would himself take care for the Funeral which not long after was perform'd with great Solemnity at the King 's particular charge Nor did the Dutchess his Wife stay long behinde him dying toward the latter end of the Moneth but was more privately buried in the Chappel of Henry the seventh The Republick of Venice had â—ent a very honourable Embassie into England in requital of which the Lord Falconbridge by the King's order departed in the same employment to the Venetian State being commanded in his way to visit some other Princes and States of Italy Nor must we omit the kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany who besides his civil entertainment of the Earl of Northumbâ—rland in acknowledgement of the courteous entertainment which he had received in England built and gave to the King of England two very stout Gallies for a guard of the Coast about Tangier being of great importance to the service of his Majesty The Parliament according to the term appointed in their last Prorogation was now assembled to whom the King as he was wont to do made a short Speech which was enlarged upon by another from the Lord-â—eeper The King therein recommended three things more especially to them the one was Unity among themselves the Union of England and Scotland and the Supply of his present and urgent Necessities As to the differences among themselves they were as soon as sate buried in oblivion and all matter of prejudice threatned thereby as suddenly vanish'd For they were no sooner sate but according to his Majesty's Recommendation both Houses came to a full agreement in the matter in debate between 'um greatly to the encouragement of all that regarded the good of the Nation as by the effect of their unanimous consultations soon after appeared Forein Affairs 1669. The Treaty at Aix la Chapelle one would have thought should have brought a general repose to Europe but jealousies of State had interrupted the quiet that should have attended upon it The King of France's new demands of appendencies to his Conquests in Flanders startled the Spaniards whereby Contributions were exacted by the French from places under the Spanish Jurisdiction as they took it for granted Nor did the States of Holland care at all for their Neighbourhood This made the Constable of Castile then Governour of the Spanish Netherlands in the place of Castel-Rodrigro send his Complaints to the French King who appointed Commissioners to sit at Lille for the composure of all these differences These Complaints the King of France eludes by renouncing his pretensions in one place and claiming in another quitting Charleroy and claiming Ipre quitting Conde and claiming Oudenard in which contests the Commissioners at Lille having spent many Moneths in vain were at length forc'd to break off without doing any thing On the other side Pompone the French Embassador endeavours all that might be to assure the States of Holland of the great inclinations of the King his Master to entertain all Friendship and good Correspondency with them telling them that he doubted not but the cares which he had for the glory of Christendom would in time sufficiently convince 'um of the vanity of those fears which some did endeavour to sow amongst ' um Nevertheless the States prepar'd for the security of their Frontiers and gave particular order to fortifie several Towns of Overyssel and upon the Borders of Westphalia In this juncture of time came news that the King of France had laid double Impositions upon the Manufactures of Holland in recompence of which kindness the Dutch lay an Imposition upon French Wine and Brandy proceeding at length to do the same upon all French Wares and forbid absolutely the Importation of Brandy and all other Distill'd Waters into Holland and upon this fuel those silent Animosities fed which afterwards brake out into greater Flames But between the States and Portugal there began to be a better understanding a new League being made betwixt them with condition that Cochin and Conomer in the East-Indies should remain to the Dutch and that four Millions of Money due to the States should be paid according to the Agreement made between them The Venetians in Candy had held out a long while against the main force of the Turk being assisted by many Princes of Europe especially the French first under the Command of Beaufort but with ill success he being slain in a Salley after him under the Conduct of the Duke of Navailles who after many Salleys and attempts finding little good to be done with what Souldiers he had left deserts the Garrison and returns for France though not without some disgrace to his person for the King of France hearing of his being landed commanded him to retire to his own possessions forbidding him to see his Face The Venetian seeing no hopes of keeping the Town any longer surrender'd it upon Articles and at length concluded a Peace inviolable for the advantage of Trade and mutual quiet of both Subjects King Casimire of Poland having resign'd and being now retired into France after many debates and much contention one Wisnowiskie a Native and one of the chief Nobility was the Elected King being Crown'd in September and soon after Married to Eleanor Sister to the Emperour of Germany This Year Clement the ninth of the House of Rospigliosi died at Rome having promoted six new Cardinals a little before his death A great Stickler against the Turks his Gallies under the Command of his Kinsman Don Vincenzo Rospigliosi being very serviceable to the Venetian After his Decease Cardinal Rospigliosi by vertue of a Brief acted as Pope till the new Election His death was followed by the death of the King of Denmark to whom succeeded his Son Christian the fifth The King of France at length signifies his willingness to refer the differences between himself and the Crown of Spain to the Arbitration of the Kings of England and Sweden But all this hinder'd not the conclusion of the Triple Alliance which was in the latter end of March in all points
with the Moors our nearest Neighbours we must not omit the Actions of those people whose Losses and Successes are to be narrowly observ'd by the English either their Allyes or Enemies Taffalette therefore having Intelligence that the people of Suz had united their Forces with those of Sancta Cruz march'd toward the farther part of Suz with an Army of 140000 Men which at first so Terrified those people that they presented him with their Leaders Head and with great submission begg'd his Pardon In confidence of this Taffalette Marches toward Sancta Cruz but the people Repenting of what they had done underhand renew'd a League with the Governor of that Town and unexpectedly setting upon the Army of Taffalette quite routed it and slew Taffalet's Brother who led the Van himself only escaping with four Horse but being soon recruited he return'd to Sancta Cruz and took it and in a short while recover'd what he had so unadvisedly lost But that which made the greatest noise in the World was the suddain Invasion of Loraine by the King of France For the surprise of which Country Marshal Crequi being sent with a great Army he over-ran the Country like a mighty Torrent insomuch that by the beginning of Winter there was scarce a Town in Lorraine that was not at the French Devotion The designe of the King of France was to lay aside the old Duke and confer the Dutchy on Prince Charles on condition that he should raise the Fortifications of Chastel and Espinal and give up to the King the Marquisate of Nomende Certain it was the King of France did send to the said Prince then at Vienna to offer him the Possession of Lorrain on condition he would hold it of him and to maintain no greater Number of Forces than he should think fit telling him withal that he were best have a care that upon his refusal the Duke of Guise did not accept of it upon the same terms The old Duke thus outed of all wandred up and down from place to place begging Ayd of the Neighbouring Princes who promis'd fair but did little more than come to a conditional Agreement for the raysing Forces for the common good and safety of the Empire This Alarm'd not only the Dutch on the one side but the Switzers on the other the Effect of which was that it made them both careful to put themselves into the best posture of Defence they might While this part of Europe is thus preparing for Mischief we find Russia over-whelm'd with an Inundation of Rebellion where one Stephen Radskin a Tumultuous Ring-leader having Poyson'd the Rabble with the fair pretences of Liberty the common motives to Insurrection of a small Snow-bal grew to a mountainous Number and having seiz'd the great Kingdoms of Astracan and Casan and got into his Possession the Treasures of the Great Duke in the chief City of Astracan he grew Potent and Formidable and made up for the City of Mosco it self taking upon him the Title of Duke Radzin But at length after a short Reign and having glutted himself with the Blood of as many Muscovitish Nobility as fell into his Power he was overthrown by Dolkerouski General to the Emperor and his whole Power totally disperst Anno Dom. 1671. IN the beginning of this Year dyed Her Royal Highness Anne Dutchess of York Wife to his Royal Highness the Duke of York and Daughter to the Earl of Clarendon being shortly after privately Interr'd in Henry the Seventh's Chappel at Westminster The Parliament still sitting had by this time prepar'd several other Acts ready for the Kings Royal Assent which the King being present in the House of Lords as readily pass'd The chiefest and most of Publick Concern was The Addition which they made to the King's Revenue by an Imposition upon Proceedings at Law not being unmindful of setling such differences as might arise about Houses burn'd in the Fire of London taking care also to prevent the Disorders of Seamen and the Imbezelment of the King's Stores After which they were again Prorogu'd to the 16th of April next ensuing However before they disperst both Houses met in a Body in the Banqueting-House where they made an 〈…〉 That the King would be pleased by His own Example to 〈…〉 the constant wearing the Manufactures of his own Kingdom and discountenance the use of Manufactures made in Forrein Countries who kindly receiving the Address told them That he had as little us'd in his own Person Forrein Manufacturs as any and would discountenance them for the future in those that should Nor must we pass by the Death of the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold a Knight of the Garter and a Privy Councellor though his loss was soon recompenc'd by the succession of the Earl of St. Albans Soon after dy'd the Lord Chief Justice Keeling into whose Place the Lord Chief Justice Hale was immediately Sworn in his Place Sir Edward Turnor was made Lord Chief Baron and Sir Francis North Sollicitor-General Nor was it fit the Offices of such Eminent Ministers of Justice should be vacant when such Criminals were to be examin'd as were soon after discovered For upon the ninth of this Moneth four men coming to the Keeper of the Jewel-House in the Morning and desiring to see the Regal Crown were carried into the Room where it was kept but they Stabbing and Gagging the Keeper an ancient man and putting the Crown and Ball into two Bags which they had brought for that purpose fairly walk'd away and had almost past all the Sentinels but the Son-in-law of the Keeper casually passing by and seeing the condition his Father lay in run out hastily crying out to the Guards to stop 'um upon this they mending their pace made their own discovery Being then commanded to stand they fir'd a Pistol at the Sentinel but two of them were presently seized carried to White-hall and after Examination sent back again to the Tower to be kept close Prisoners where they had committed the Fact To make an annual Record of St. George's Feast is not necessary but of this as being more singularly Signal it may not be expedient to omit the rehearsal For now it was that the Earl of Carlisle introduc'd between his Royal Highness and Prince Rupert was Install'd as Proxie for the King of Sweden and the Earl of Winchelsey between the Duke of Ormond and the Duke of Buckingham was Install'd as Proxie for the Duke of Saxony both which Princes were invested the year before After them the Duke of Albemarle between the Earl of Sandwich and the Earl of Oxford was Invested in his own Stall Iune was Crown'd with the success of Sir Edward Sprague who being now the King's Admiral in the Mediterranean-Sea met with nine Men of War belonging to Argier together with three Merchant-men neer Bugia who upon his appearance retir'd under the shelter of the Castle and put themselves into the best posture
of defence they could but the English in the mean while attacquing them with their Fire-ships perform'd their business with so much valour and success that they â—et the most part of the Enemies ships on fire those which escap'd the Flame were seiz'd on by the English the Men of War were the principal ships of Argier And to compleat this Victory Captain Beach brought in to the rest another ship of 40 Guns and 350 men which he had but newly taken So that now Sir Edward Sprague believing that by this loss the Algerines might be brought to an easie accomodation made a speedy return to his station before that Port. This Moneth the King minding to look after the condition of his Western Sea-port-Towns made a kinde of a Sea-progress For arriving first at Portsmouth he went in his Yacht to the Isle of Wight where he took a view of the most considerable Ports of the Island thence he return'd to Hurst-Castle thence he went to view Corf-Castle thence returning for Portsmouth again he sail'd away attended by five Frigats for Plymouth thence back to Dartmouth with an intention to return by Land to London Observing this the great Proverb of The Masters Eye The Moors and we were not yet so friendly but that Taffalette proceeding in his designe of attempting all the Christian Sea-port-Towns upon the Coast of Barbary would needs visit Tangier giving a warm attacque upon the Fort call'd Anne-Fort though at a distance firing upon our men in Rank and File and falling back while others supplied their places being the first time the Moors were observ'd to fight in such order but finding our men too hot they soon retreated And thus are the Moors become a part of the English History Then was the Parliament again Prorogu'd from the 16 th of April following till the 30 th of October 1672. The King as it afterwards appeared having now his hands full of forrein Consultations Nor was it for nothing that so many Agents and Embassadors were sent abroad Coventry Esq. for Sweden the Lord Sunderland for Spain it being the great care of Princes to draw what assistance they can from their Enemies Sir George Downing for Holland it being no less their care to offer all honourable terms of Peace if they may be obtain'd At home his Majesty to reward Valour and Vertue in consideration of that stout and memorable action perform'd by Capt. Boddison Captain of the Swallow a Merchant-man of 150 Tuns and 26 Men who had fought against an Argerine of 36 Guns and having Boarded him several times forc'd him at last shamefully to leave him and six of his men-behinde was pleased to order the Captain a Gold-Chain and a Medal Nor was the City of London having its publick Buildings recovered out of the late Ruines to a greater Splendor and Beauty than heretofore less mindful to make an Invitation to his Majesty to honour their Lord-Mayor's Feast with his presence which he did accordingly to shew how much he was pleased to see the City so reviv'd from such a sad Calamity The issue of Sir Edward Sprague's success against the Pyrates of Argier was by this known in England for he returning from the destruction of their ships to his former station before Argier it self found a strange alteration among those people for the Aga had taken off their General 's Head and soon after five of this General 's Souldiers cut off the Kingâ— Head and brought it openly in to the Divan crying out they must have Peace with the English Upon this they created a new King who seeing the inclinations of the people constrain'd by their own necessities thought it his best way to enter into a Treaty which at length ended in a Peace as honourable and advantageous as ever was made between the English and those Rovers It could no longer now be conceal'd what the secret Counsels of the Great ones had so long been aiming at For now the King publickly intending War with the Dutch openly Declared That seeing all the Princes and States his Neighbours were making preparations for War both by Sea and Land he look'd upon himself obliged for the safety of his Government and protection of his People to make such preparations as should be answerable to the preservation of both to which end he had given order for fitting and setting out a considerable Navy against the Spring but Money was wanting and his own Revenues all anticipated and deeply engaged As therefore the necessity was inevitable the Course taken was extraordinary It being thought absolutely convenient to put a stop upon the paying of any Money then brought in or to be brought in to the Exchequer during the space of one whole year To which as to the last remedy as the King himself declared nothing could have moved him but such a conjuncture of affairs when all the Neighbouring Princes and States were making such threatning preparations that his Government could not be safe without appearing in the same posture About this time died Dr. Cosens Bishop of Durham and Count Palatine there in the 77 th year of his Age and was buried at Aukland neer Durham Sir George Downing being now in Holland according to his particular Instructions was very urgent with the States in the affair of the Flag and by several Instances and several Memorials press'd for an Answer to his Demands but finding all their delays insufferable and all his endeavours consequently fruitless in a few Moneths return'd for England but after a private Examination by some of the Lords of the Council and report made thereof to the King he was by his Majesty's Warrant committed to the Tower for not having obey'd the Orders sent him It was not safe while we are going to Wars abroad to have dissention at home and therefore the King put forth a seasonable Declaration of his will and pleasure freely to indulge all Nonconformists and dissenting persons in matters of Religion asserting however his resolution to maintain the Doctrine and Discipline of the Church of England as it was establish'd And now they who would return no answer to Sir George Downing are Summoned by Sir Robert Holmes to remember their Duty in another manner For upon the 13 th of this Moneth five of the King's Frigats crusing by the Isle of Wight met with the Dutch Fleet of Smyrna-men and others to the number of 50 Sail convoy'd by six Men of War Above 20 of their Merchant-men carried between twenty and forty Guns apiece The English Frigats coming neer shot at them to make them strike and lower their Sail which when the Dutch refus'd to do the Fight began in the Afternoon and continued till Night then three Frigats more coming in the next Morning they fought again and all that day In the Evening five of their richest Merchant-men were taken their Rear-Admiral was Boarded by Captain Iohn Holmes but was so leaky that she
sunk immediately In this action Sir Robert Holmes was Admiral the Earl of Ossery Vice-Admiral and Sir Freschevil Hollis Rear-Admiral The first blow thus given the King publishes his Declaration of War against the States General of the Vnited Provinces to this effect That the dissatisfaction his Majesty had in the carriage of the States General of the United Provinces towards him for some years past being come to that pass that be could no longer without the diminution of his own Glory dissemble the indignation rais'd in him by a Treatment so unsuitable to the great Obligations which he and his Predecessors had so liberally heap'd upon them he was resolv'd to declare a War against them forbidding all his Subjects to hold correspondence with them upon pain of death This Declaration was with the solemnities openly Proclaimed at the usual places both in London and Westminster of which more in the succeeding years And now to share in the Triumphs of this War Sir Edward Sprague returns happy in the favours which his Prince did afterwards bestow upon him for his services in the Mediterranean Sea It stock mightily in the Stomack of the Dutch that the King of France should lay such Impositions upon their own Domestick Manufactures and the King of France was glad it did and therefore though they sent him word That unless he took off those Impositions he should not take it ill if they laid an Impost of 50 per Cent. upon Salt and all other Merchandises of France And though they were at the charge of an Embassador to press for an Answer to this Affair yet they found the King took no care to give 'um any satisfaction at all in that particular They therefore thus exasperated lay the Imposition The King so exasperated lays hold of the occasion Taxes all Spices and Herring imported by the Dutch and forbids his Subjects to lade any Brandy or other Commodities aboard any Holland-Vessels Besides this they saw the King of France's Forces drawing into a Body in Flanders and that with such an unusual preparation as the buying up of all the Flambeaux or Torches that could be got in the Country as if the French intended to labour day and night whereby all the adjacent parts began to be very inquisitive into their own strength Cologne at odds with her Elector comes with much ado to reasonable Terms and in the mean time falls to Fortifying with all her might and the Emperour took that City so far into his protection that he sent the Marquiss of Grana to keep it in his Name to the great encouragement of the Inhabitants Munster was so kinde as to offer this City his Forces for their assistance provided they would admit of no other Garrison but they thought it not convenient to accept of his offer The Dutch repair the Works of Maestricht re-inforcing the Garrison with Men and Provision fearing the violence of the Storm there The Duke of Newburgh fortifies Dusseldorp upon the Rhine careful of the Imperal Territories Monterey in Flanders makes it his utmost endeavour to raise Men and Money for the defence of the remaining part of the Spanish Jurisdictions In this interim of time the two Dukes of Brunswick resolving to bring that City to that obedience which they affirm'd to be due and challeng'd from it lay Siege to the Town with considerable Forces the Townsmen within made a notable resistance for the time but when the Duke's Army began to approach neer the Walls and were ready to fling their Granadoes and other Combustible stuff in their very Houses they were forc'd to surrender on Conditions that the Magistrates and Inhabitants should do Homage to the Duke of Wolfenbuttel as the rest of his Subjects receive and pay his Garrison and pay moreover a considerable sum of Money for their disobedience Those Flames that could not have their will upon Brunswick are now raging upon the beautiful Escurial the most magnificent piece of work in all Spain if not in Europe It was several days consuming and among other things was destroy'd the famous Library there a loss the most considerable as being most difficult if not altogether impossible to be repair'd But to return to other Combustions in the midst whereof we finde the Dutch labouring all they could to get the Dane and Swede on their side But the King of France had put the Dane and they far enough asunder for the King of Denmark having referr'd the matter in difference concerning the remaining Subsidies due from the States to that Crown to the King of France He makes an Award for the payment of five Millions of Crowns Principal and one Million Interest so that it was in vain for Amerongen to Sollicite there till the States had submitted to that advantageous determination Besides that the continual Negotiations of the King of England's Embassadors and extraordinary Envoys had no small influence upon those Crowns so that the Negotiation of Van Haren gave little satisfaction to his Masters Their Consultations are therefore all employed for provision of Men and Arms and lest they should want a Head the Prince of Orange is now by the general Consent of the States in a full Assembly made their Captain-General and Admiral for that Campagne engaging to renew it again after Expiration during Life Commissioners were also appointed to Assist him De Wit Van Putten and others The Emperor seeing things at this height offer'd his own Mediation between the King of France and the States buâ— now prov'd too late And as for the Queen-Regent of Spain the King of France had sent to know Her positive Answer how she would behave her self in this juncture of Affairs but she being a Lady took time to give in her Answer Nor was it without some kinde of slight that the Dutch Embassador was dismist from Paris when desiring leave for his last Audience and a Pass for the safe Transporting his Goods by Sea Reply was made That for his Audience he might have it so soon as he pleas'd but for his Goods they were to be view'd by the Officers of the Customs before they could stir Anno Dom. 1672. THE War with the Year being thus openly begun the King of England in the first place takes care for the security of his own Subjects Trading by Sea by allowing them sufficient Convoys and giving them liberty to Sayl their Vessels with the assistance of what Forrein Marriners they could procure taking particular Order also against the sculking and absconding of such Officers and Sea-men who were his own Natural Subjects And knowing that Actions of Importance depend in their success upon good Advice he call'd to his Privy Council four persons of great Honour and Integrity Henry Marquess of Worcester President of the Council of Wales Arthur Earl of Essex Thomas Viscount Falconbridge and George Viscount Hallifax and soon after Sir Thomas Osburn Baroner
manner as any of his Ancestors had enjoy'd they also renounc'd that perpetual Edict by which they had oblig'd themselves never to admit of a Stadtholder and discharg'd the Prince of the Oath he had taken never to accept of that Dignity which thing thus begun by a Tumult was afterwards Confirm'd in a full Assembly of the States General There were at this time taken from them by the French several Towns and Forts some of them of great Importance and by the Bishop of Munster six and besides this by the former Maestricht by the latter Groninghen Besiedg'd their Fleet in Port patching up their bruises Yet now the King of England compassionating their Condition and believing those misfortunes might have rendred 'um more humble sent over the Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Arlington to try if now at length they would hearken to any Reasonable Terms of Accommodation It was remarkable with what joy and satisfaction they were receiv'd by the People the Men Women and Children joyning in their Acclamations as they pass'd along the Streets God bless the King of England God bless the Prince of Orange and the Devil take the States They passed from Holland through the Prince of Orange's Camp to Vtrecht where they found the King of France who had now reduc'd the whole Province of whom they had their Publick Audience in the Camp thither likewise came the Lord Hallifax sent by the King of England as his Envoy Extraordinary and was after his Audience joyn'd with them in Commission being thus all together they attended the Motion of the Camp in expectation of Plenipotentraries from Holland upon their last Proposition While they are upon Extraordinary Affairs abroad Henry Coventry Esq now return'd from Sweden is made Secretary of State at home in the room of Sir Iohn Trevor deceas'd and the Duke of Richmond Arrives in Sweden Embassador Extraordinary from the Court of England where he afterwards Dy'd Toward the Latter end of this Month the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Arlington and Lord Hallifax Arriv'd at White-Hall having expected fourteen days in the French Camp the return of the Dutch Deputies so that all which they effected at that time was a Promissory Act between the two Kings not to treat or conclude without a Participation and Inclusion of each others Interests which was afterwards form'd into Articles and Ratifi'd and Exchang'd with the French Embassadour at London The King of France had now drawn the Gross of his Army from the Neighbourhood of Amsterdam Marching for Boys-le-dâ—c and Maestricht both which he left block'd up the first by Turenne the second by Chamille and being satisfi'd at present with the Victorious Progress he had made return'd for Paris Yet the taking of Nimmenghen by Storm wherein were made Prisoners of War 4000 of the best Soldiers which the Dutch had and the appearance of the English Fleet upon the Coast of Holland was occasion enough to continue the Tumults and Insurrections which were now so general that there was scarce a Town in Holland where the people were not Masterless 'T is true the heat of Action began to cool for some time nor did the English Fleet do any thing more considerable but onely keep the Seas besides that they mist the taking of the Dutch East-Indie-Fleet of which there was only this account that the Cambridge and Bristol being upon the Scout had met with the East Indie-Fleet with whom there happen'd a smart Encounter insomuch that the Cambridge was forc'd to ly by to splice her Rigging and that though they both followed 'um again and gave 'um many Broad-sides yet because they could no way separate 'um nor the Bristol could carry out her lower tire they were forc'd to quit the Fight Only one ship too severely chac'd was forc'd to destroy her self This Moneth the Earl of Essex arriv'd in Ireland and having taken the usual Oath had the Sword delivered to him as Lord-Deputy of Ireland in the room of the Lord Berkley In Holland the Prince of Orange being now setled in the Supream Authority did not a little win the favour of the people by endeavouring to call to an account the chief of those who had been their former Leaders Among the rest he Imprisons Ruart Van Putten and his Brother De Wit Van Putten was accus'd of an Intention to have destroyed the Prince of Orange by the assistance of a Barber who was to have receiv'd from him a considerable sum of Money for doing it The Court of Holland upon examination of their Crimes having Condemned both the Brothers to lose all their dignities and employments and ordered 'um to quit the Country as Banish'd men Thereupon De Wit goes to the Prison to fetch away his Brother but the people being incensed that they deserved a greater punishment as they were coming out again forc'd 'um back again broke open the Prison-door hal'd 'um out and thus the Rabble having got 'um into their possession never left till they had beat and trampled 'um to death This not sufficing they dragg'd their dead Bodies about the Streets cut off their Fingers and Ears and then hung 'um up naked by the Heels upon the Gallows such was the miserable end of those two Brothers The first good fortune that befel the Dutch next to that of the escape of their East-Indie Fleet was the defence of Groninghen to which the Bishop of Munster had laid a most furious and close Siege but notwithstanding all his fury after several attacques and the loss of many men was at length forced to break up his Siege and depart having battered and burnt down above two hundred Houses with his Guns and Granadoes The Dutch had no question promised themselves great matters from the Emperour but there was nothing appear'd to give them any hopes till at length a general Treaty was concluded for the publick Security and general Defence of the Empire at Ratisbone which though it prov'd slow as passing three Colledges That of the Electors That of the Princes and That of the Free-Towns yet after this Conclusion the Imperial Forces being upon their march from one side and the Brandenburgher on the other to make a conjunction upon the Frontiers of the Enemy made a very seasonable diversion to give the Netherlander some breathing time so that Turenne was forc'd to draw off to attend their motion toward Leipstadt and the Bishop of Munster thought it convenient to look toward his own Territories for fear of the Brandenburgher So that now the Prince of Orange had some time to look after the Civil affairs and to settle disorders at home which he did by a change of the Magistrates in most of the Towns of the Low Countries wherein he was not a little encouraged by the satisfaction which it gave the generality of the people who now began to bâ— by little and little better composed in their mindes In England the Parliament
Lyonel Ienkins For the King of Spain Count Areschot and Don Emanuel de Lyra. For the Emperour Count Conningsech and the Baron D'Issola Count Tott for the Crown of Sweden For the Dutch Van Beverning Van Haren and Odyke For the French the Duke de Chausnes But the Dutch having other Designes in their heads than what were driven on in that place would yield to nothing there nor were they so fully instructed but that upon the Propositions delivered by the English Plenipotentiaries they pleaded they could give no positive Answer without consulting their Masters and returning to Holland had leisure enough to take their pleasure while the States were contriving an Answer which when they had delivered at Cologne was nothing but a device finely spun for delay which made Cologne a place of great Concourse but little business In the mean time the Dutch send a Letter to the King of England to which the King of England return'd so full an Answer that though they said The King was very sharp and obstinate in his Letter That nothing was to be done but to continue the War That no farther Instructions should be sent to their Deputies at Cologne till they saw how the Parliament would order matters to whom they were resolv'd to send a Copy of their Reasonable Proposals hoping otherwise to bring the King to better Termes Yet upon cooler thoughts they not only listned to the Motions of Peace but also came to terms of Accommodation and thereupon in February following they dispatch'd a Trumpeter into England by whom they receiv'd that satisfaction in Answer to their Letters from the King of England that soon after the Peace was concluded between His Majesty and the Spanish Embassador residing in London on the behalf of the Dutch The News was receiv'd with incredible joy in the Low Countries Sir Gabriel Sylvius was sent by His Majesty to the Prince of Orange to Complement him upon the Conclusion of the Peace with whom also the States did interchange the Ratification of the Articles In the interim His Majesty having caus'd a new sort of Brass Half-pence and Farthings to be made current throughout all England and Coyn'd in the Tower issued forth a Proclamation for the suppression of the particular farthings and halfe-pence of private Shopkeepers and being inform'd that Shop-keepers did notwithstanding continue to utter Halfe-pence and Farthings of their own stamping he caus'd them to be proceeded against according to Law which was so effectually done that many were Convicted and fin'd but upon submission by the King's mercy Pardon'd Before we fully conclude the Dutch War it will be necessary to relate a piece of Gallantry performed by Captain Harman in the Mediterranean Sea where the Vice-Admiral of Evertson's Squadron in a Man of War call'd the Sehaerlaes carrying 36 pieces of Cannon and 140 Men Commanded by Captain Pasqual De Witt met with Captain Harman in the Tygre returning from Tangier and coming both into Cadiz-Bay where Evertson lay to Careen the people of the Town began to laugh at the Dutch telling them That they durst not Fight the English that they had left their station for fear Which Evertson hearing told the Captain of the Dutch that to save his Honor he was oblig'd to Chalenge the English Captain Which being resolv'd upon De Witt fiâ—ted himself the best he could for the Rencounter next Morning Evertson thereupon furnish'd him with Two new Lieutenants 70 Souldiers and 60 Mariners more than he had making in all 270 Men. The Tygre which had not above 184 Men in all saw all these Preparations and prepared himself the best he could but without any more addition of Men. The next Morning getting out a League to Sea within view of the Town and in sight of the greatest part of the Inhabitants so soon as both Frigats came within Pistol-shot of each oâ—her the Fight began with that success to the English that with one Broad-side the Tygre shot down the Main-yard of the Dutch Vessel and kill'd and wounded above 80 Men without receiving much Damage so that after half an hours Dispute the Dutch ship was Boarded and taken by the English the Enemy having lost 140 Men and 86 Wounded The Dutch Man of War was so disabled and shot through and through that She was hardly fit for service to the great wonder of the beholders After which Captain Harman return'd into Port with great Honour having lost only 9 Men Kill'd out-right and 15 Wounded one of which was himself being shot in at the left Eye with a Musquet-Bullet that went out between the Ear and the Jaw-bone of which he was happily afterwards recover'd At home the Dutch made great rejoycing for the Conclusion of the Peace and being now quit from the fear of the English minded onely the setting out of a small Fleet consisting of 32 Men of War under Tromp Haen and young De Ruyter Nor was His Majesty less mindful to proceed against the Papists giving Order to the Judges to put the Laws against them in Execution Forein Affairs 1673. Toward the beginning of the Year the Elector of Brandenburgh concludes a Peace with the King of France and in order thereto draws his Troops out of the Territories of Cologne and Munster Allies of France and Monsieur Turenue drew out his out of the County of Mark. In Poland things were now in an indifferent quiet posture the Arch-bishop of Gnesna a great Opposer of the Kings Designes was Dead and the Dyet concluding in a very great Calme The Turk indeed threatned them but they doubted not of their Ability to oppose him But the King liv'd not long to see the fruits of his Accommodation dying toward the beginning of Autumn ensuing Great were the Fears of that Nation what would fall out during this interregnum and probably they might have suffered much had they not been free'd from those fears at present by a great overthrow given the Turks by the Polish-General Sobieski who Attacquing the Enemy in their Retrenchments by the Assistance of the Hussar Horsemen totally Defeated him so that of 45000 men not above 3000 remain'd alive after the Fight Two Bassa's were slain and a vast Plunder became a prey to the Victor besides the Castle of Cochim which the Turks had some while before taken from the Christians That which chiefly contributed to the obtaining this Victory was the valour of the Hussars and the Revolt of the Hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia who fell from the Turk at the beginning of the Fight bringing with them again those Two Provinces under the Subjection of the Polish Crown from whence they had fallen off above 50 Years since But the chiefest Scene of War now lay in the Low Countries into which the King of France being fallen with a considerable Army toward the beginning of Summer had beleaguer'd Maestricht a Frontier Garrison and one of the strongest belonging to the States of Holland Among all other Actions perform'd at this
Siege there was none more Signal than the Atchievment of the Duke of Monmouth who Commanding one of the Posts where the Enemy made a Vigorous Sally and springing a Mine which slew a Captain an Ensign and fifty Souldiers and seeing the out-Guards give ground sent a Party of the King of France's Musquettiers design'd for the Guard of his own Person to make good the Post but seeing them retire with only 12 Voluntiers all English through a storm of Shot hasted to their Relief The Enemy had now possess'd a Half-moon which had been but lately taken from them before but the presence and Encouragement of the Duke and the small succour he brought with him so animated the retiring Musqueteers that they fell on anew and the Duke with some little help more rallied out of the Trenches recover'd the Halfe-Moon and deliver'd it to Monsieur Fuillade who came to relieve him at the ordinary hour The regaining of which Post so soon was no small reason of the Rendition of the Town which soon after in the beginning of Iuly followed upon honourable Conditions to the Souldiers and Townsmen both as to the Privileges of Religion and Trade Of English Commanders slain at this Siege were none of Note but Sir Henry Iones who Commanded the English Regiment of Light-Horse and only accompanied the Duke of of Monmouth as a Voluntier to the regaining the Half-moon before-mentioned But the Dutch were not a little comforted for the loss of this Town by the recovery of Vtrecht and Woâ—â—den which were quitted by the French without any Damage done to the Fortifications or Inhabitants upon a consideration of a certain sum of Money given to the Souldiers by the Townsmen and the retaking of Ban which was at length surrendred into their hands after it had been Besieged by the whole power of the Confederates their own and the Forces of the Imperialists and Spaniards who had in the middle of October declar'd open War against the French so that there was nothing more frequent than the Meetings and Conferences of Monterey and the Prince of Orange together as to the ordering and governing their common Interests But Naerden fell into the Hands of the French for the loss of which they were so much incens'd that they Beheaded the Governour Monsieur Paâ— for surrendring it in so short a time though it were afterwards retaken by the Prince of Orange to their great joy In the mean while the Pope being at more leisure at Rome thought it convenient to fill up the vacancies of the Conclave to which end he disposed of four Hats this Year One to Francisco Nerli a Florentine of 38 years of Age A second to Seignior Ieronimo Gustoldi a Genâ—ese 60 years old A third to Ieronimo Casanalti a Neapolitan 58 years old And the fourth to Pietro Bassaduana a Venetian Aged about 60 years A fifth was intended but not then disposed of The King of France was fretted at the March of the Emperour's Forces and therefore to try if he could stop their further March he writes to the King of Sweden to do his utmost endeavour who was at present a Mediator between them and at the same time gives a Memorial to the Swedish Embassador in his Camp wherein he pretended how tender he had been all along of the Peace of the Empire but withal declares that if the Emperour did persist to give assistance to the Dutch and should march his Forces out of Bohemia he was resolv'd to oppose him to the utmost of his power with all his Forces Besides this Threatning Letter and his passing into Alsatia and hovering from thence about Charleroy the King of France did little else returning soon after to Paris The Dutch secur'd from the English strive to strengthen themselves by other Alliances And therefore having by a publick Placaert conferr'd the Commands of Stadtholder Captain and Admiral-General of the Provinces of Holland and West-Friezland to the Prince and his Heir-Males by Lawful Marriage with all Rights and Priviledges thereto belonging who thereupon took his Seat in the Assembly of the States of Holland and West-Friezland as Primier Noble The next thing they did was to conclude such a League as they thought most advantageous and thereupon a League was entred into and ratified by them and the Emperour the King of Spain on the one part and the Duke of Lorain on the other The Conditions whereof were That the Duke of Lorain should raise an Army of 18000 Horse and Foot by the times in the Treaty limited to be paid by the Emperour the King of Spain and the States after the rate of 9000 Crowns per Moneth and to act by their orders and directions The League to last 10 years On the other side the Swede joyns himself strictly to the French upon condition to receive 50000 Crowns a Moneth from the King of France for six years to begin presently after the conclusion of the Peace Being obliged to declare himself for the French in case the States the Emperour and the King of Spain did not make a League with the French before the fifteenth of May next ensuing But there was no likelyhood of that for the King of France having demanded satisfaction at the Emperour's Court for the injury done to Count Furstenburgh Plenipotentiary for the Bishop of Cologne but obtaining none the Emperour rather seeking to justifie the action than to punish the actors recalled his Embassadors from Cologne and brake off the Treaty Nor would the Interposition of the King of England prevail though he offered his Mediation to reconcile the differences between the two Crowns of France and Spain The Swedes also proposed That the Spaniards should give Aire St. Omer and Ipres into the Hands of the French on Condition that the French should quit all they had got in those parts and restore Maestricht to the Spaniards But all in vain the Spaniards affirming that the French were to restore not only the places they had got in this War but also all the places they had possessed themselves of since the Treaty with the Pyreneans The business of Count Furstenburgh was this He being at Cologne and going in his Coach accompanied only with his Secretary and two Gentlemen more attended by three Lacqueys to visit the Elector of Cologne whose Plenipotentiary and chief Minister he was was set upon in the Street by nine persons armed with Sword and Pistol who being too strong for the Count's party after some kill'd and hurt on both sides the Count was forc'd out of the City where stood another strong party to receive him who carried him to Bonne whence he was sent Prisoner to Vienna The Emperour pretended him a Subject of the Empire and that he had contrary to his trust taken part with his Enemies Nor were the Swedes as well as the King of France less active in interposing for his Liberty affirming that he was the Elector's Plenipotentiary that though he had a French Regiment it was only Nominal
and that he did not receive the profits of it But the Emperour denied he knew of his being a Plenipotentiary and that it was not for one of his Subjects to take up Interests contrary to the Interest of his Soveraign and would not hear of his Release During these Treaties the King of France had possess'd himself of a great part of the Palatinate and had put a Garrison into Germerstein of 300 Souldiers yet proffered the Elector if he would stand Neuter to satisfie him for all his Damages and to withdraw his Souldiers out of Gemerstein and put it into the Hands of any Neutral Prince of the Empire which he refus'd upon Caprara's coming to his Succour The Switzers to hinder the King of France from coming into Burgundy offered that Burgundy might stand Neutur proffering themselves security that that Province should punctually observe the Neutrality and that they would guard the Avenues into it against any Forces of the Empire And thus stood Affairs at the end of this year Anno Dom. 1674. PEace being now concluded between the English and the Dutch this Year was not memorable for much at home The first motion of the Court this Moneth was to Windsor where the Earl of Mulgrave was Install'd Knight of the Garter This Moneth also the King by his Embassador the Lord Lockhart offer'd his Mediation between the King of France and the Queen of Spain to compose the differences betwixt them And to the end he might be no way concern'd in their differences by publick Proclamation forbid any of his Subjects to enter into the Service of any forrain Prince He also set forth a Proclamation forbidding the broaching and uttering false and scandalous News as also against any that should talk impertinently of the Government or the Governours In May Sir Lionel Ienkins and Sir Ioseph Williamson return'd to London from Cologne Who were followed into England by the Baron de Reed Van Benninghen and Van Haren Extraordinary Embassadors from the States of Holland In Iune came a strict Proclamation against the Jesuites and Friests Commanding their discovery and apprehension and promising five pounds for every one that should be discovered and taken Toward the beginning of September upon Resignation of the Duke of Buckingham the Duke of Mâ—nmouth was made Chancellor of the University of Cambridge The Ceremony was performed with all its circumstances at Worcester-house in London Not long after the Right Honourable the Earl of St. Albans having resign'd into his Majesty's Hands the Staff of Office of Lord-Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold his Majesty was pleas'd to give it to the Right Honourable the Earl of Arlington in recompence of his long and faithful Services and particularly for having performed to his Majesties satisfaction for the space of twelve years the Offiâ—e of Principal Secretary of State which his Majesty was pleas'd to conâ—er at the same time upon the Right Honourable Sir Ioseph Williamson Knight one of the Clerks then of his Majesties most Honourable Privy-Council for his long and faithful service in the said Office under Sir Edward Nicholas and the Earl of Arlington and in his place Philip Lloyd Esq was sworn one of the Clerks of the Privy-Council Upon the 22 of September his Majesty was pleas'd to cause a Proclamation to be published for the further prorogation of the Parliament from the 10 th of November till the 13 th of April ensuing In the beginning of December the Earls of Ossory and Arlington together with the Heer Odike not long before Extraordinary Embassador in England arrived at the Hagne where they went to pay their Respects to the Prince of Orange About the same time was concluded between his Majesties Commissioners and those of the States General of the Vnited Provinces a Treaty Marine for all parts of the World in pursuance of the 8 th and 9 th Articles of the late Treaty of Peace made at Westminster the February before and was after ratifi'd by the States in the beginning of February following Presently after His Majesty having been graciously pleased to Translate the Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Crew Bishop of Oxford and Clerk of the Closet to his Majesty to the Sea of Durham made choice of the Honourable Dr. Compton Brother to the Right Honourable the Earl of Northampton to succeed in his place Toward the middle of December His Majesty having been pleased at his entertainment at Guild-Hall when Sir Robert Viner was newly Lord-Mayor of the City graciously and freely to condescend to the acceptance of the Freedom of London in the Chamberlains Office from the Hands of Sir Thomas Player Chamberlain beyond the Example of any of his Predecessors The said Sir Robert Viner Lord-Mayor thereupon having first obtained his Majesties leave presented his Majesty in the Name of the City with the Copy of the Freedom in a large square Box of Massie Gold the Seal of the Freedom hanging at it enclosed in a Box of Gold set all over with large Diamonds Toward the beginning of Ianuary Her Royal Highness was brought to Bed of a Daughter Christen'd at St. Iames's by the Bishop of Durham by the Name of Catherina Laura the Duke of Monmouth being God-father and the Lady Mary and the Lady Anne God-mothers The Term begining at the latter end of Ianuary Sir Francis North the King's Attorney-General was sworn Lord Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas in the room of Sir Iohn Vaughan deceased In the beginning of February his Majesty caused several Orders and Resolutions concerning Papists to be publish'd That the Conviction of Popish Recusants should be encouraged quickned and made Effectual That no Person of what Condition or Quality soever should presume to say Mass in any part of this Kingdom That all Persons born within His Majesties Dominions being in Orders by Authority deriv'd from the Church of Rome should depart the Kingdom by a short time prefix'd That none of His Majesties Subjects should presume to send their Children to be Educated in any Popish Colledges or Seminaries upon a strict Penalty That none of his Majesties Subjects being Popists or so reputed should presume to come into His Majesties Presence into White Hall St. James's or any place where His Majesties Court should be And Lastly That care should be taken for the suppression of Conventicles Forrein Affairs 1674. The first thing that presented it self of most Importance beyond Sea this Year was that the King of France gave order to quit all his Conquests in the Netherlands belonging to the States of Holland except Maestricht The States also to be rid of so great a trouble as the Bishop of Munsteri makes Peace with him the Baron D' Issola signing the Articles on the behalf of the Emperor The chief Articles whereof were That the Bishop should restore all places taken during the War That the Treaty of Cleves should be punctually observ'd And that the King of
Spain and the Emperor should be Warranters for the Observance And now for the better support of the Prince of Oranges Dignity the Dutch East-India Company unanimously resolv'd to give Him and his Heirs Male after him Three in the Hundred of all that their gains upon the division And then having secur'd themselves from Munster they made an agreement with Lunenburgh to keep 14000 Men in the Service of the States they paying him such a certain Sum. About this time also the difference between the King of France and the State of Genoa were wholly Reconcil'd by the Mediation of the King of England But on the other side the King of France continues his German War so that Besancon the chief City of Franche Compte falls into his hands being rendred upon ordinary Articles after a short Siege Nor did the Ciradel hold out much longer The next Town Besiegd was Dole which not being able to withstand the Fortune of the French Arms yielded it self After which Solines and Castle St. Anne being taken made the Conquest of Franche Compte compleat About the middle of Iune was fought the Battle of Sanzeime between the Marshal Turenne and the Imperialists wherein the Imperialists being far less in Number had the worst It was fought from Nine in the Morning till Night when the Imperialists finding themselves over-powr'd retir'd in very good order leaving behind about 2000 Men. Nor was the loss of the French less considerable for they lost a great many common Soldiers but more Commanders A little before this the Dutch had taken the Island of Normantier from the French where they destroy'd a great deal of Corn but not long after quitted it upon Agreement made with the Inhabitants and the Religioâ—s Order of Cistertians in that Island to pay them 14000 Crowns in four Months and for their security taking with them the Abbot and some of the Principal Islanders After that they approach'd Bell Isle intending to have made a descent there but the Castle upon the Island was too well provided for their Entertainment In August was tought the Battle or rather Notable Skirmish call'd the Battle of Seneff between the Prince of Conde and the Confederates Imperialists Dutch and Spaniards in shoâ—t thus That the Confederates Army being upon their March toward a place call'd Binch the French tell upon the Rear and forcing them to Retreat through a narrow way which they could only pass in Files put them into great Confusion upon this the French soon became Masters of the Baggagâ— and Cannon when the Prince of Orange and after that the Germans came and engaged the Enemy so that the Fight continued till Night and then the French were forc'd to retreat to their Camp and the Prince of Orange and the Imperialists remain'd Masters of the Field The Prince of Orange was in great danger having been long Engag'd with the Enemy Several Officers of Quality were slain on both sides among the rest on the Prince of Orange's part Sir Walter Vane Major-General to the Prince having bravely behav'd himself was shot in the back and knee of which he dyed soon after and of 32 Colonels of the Dutch Army 26 were either Kill'd or Wounded the stress of the Fight lying upon them Many Common Souldiers were slain on both sides though the greatest Number was reported to be lost by the French being said to be above 3000 and many more confiderable Officers than upon the Dutch side The next Attempt of the Prince of Orange and the Confederates was upon Oudenard to which they had laid a â—ormal Siege but they were soon disturb'd by the Prince of Conde upon whose Approach and Resolution to fall upon them the Confederates drew off and marched toward Ghent In November Graves a strong Town Besieg'd by the Dutch was after a rough Siege and many Assaults retaken from the French The Garrison consisting of 1600 Foot aâ—d 400 Horse marching out upon Composition And now the Army of the Confederates and the French under Turenne lying near one another produc'd some considerable Action though their wary Commanders would not put all to the push nor was the Victory fully determin'd by the grandest of their peformances In the first place 4000 French Horse most of them the Troops of the King's Houshold Commanded by Monsieur Montauban fell upon some Munster Troops and a Regiment of Imperial Cuirassiers who guarded a certain Passage and with the suddainness of the Attack put the Imperialists into disorder but Caprara's Regiment that of the Prince of Lorain and some others coming to their Assistance they gave a stop to the Enemy till such time as other Lorain-Regiments came in the Fight was sharply maintain'd on both sides but at last the French were forc'd to retire the slaughter being great on both sides but greatest on the French and among the rest Mountauban himself was taken Prisoner The next was an Engagement between the Gross Bodies of both Armies for Turenne Advancing toward Colmar found the Confederates drawn up in Battalia readily attending his coming The Fight was bloody and tedious and many of the French Commanders were slain but more common Souldiers of the Imperialists side but Night coming on all Action ceased However the French continued in Arms all Night expecting to have renew'd the Fight next Morning but when the Imperialists perceiv'd that they retreated in great Disorder to Schlestadt and repassed the Rhine at Strasburgh Turrenne made himself Master of Colmar and sent Provisions to Brisaâ— which together with his keeping the Field were the Reasons that the French concluded themselves the Victors and sung Te Deum for their success at Paris On the other side the Imperialists took themselves to be Conquerours because their loss was no greater In Flanders there was nothing remarkable only the change of the Governour For Monterey being call'd home the Duke de Villa Hermosa was sent to succeed him Anno Dom. 1675. UPon the 13 th of April both Houses of Parliament met in pursuance of their last Prorogation They sate till above a Week in Iune following But the difference between the two Houses increasing about the business of Fag and Shirley upon which four Lawyers were Committed by the Commons to the Tower His Majesty was pleased upon the 9 th of Iune to Prorogue them again till the 13 th of October following having only signed some private Bills In May arriv'd in England the Prince of Newburgh having made some stay in London he went to Oxford where he was nobly treated by the University In the Barbadoes a Conspiracy was discover'd among the Blacks to have destroy'd the English which had been carried on with great secrecy till the very time of the Execution and was begun by the Blacks belonging to Captain Swanley who was kill'd by them But the Plot being found out several were made Exemplary In New-England the Natives under King Philip Hegamore of those parts fell upon the English and kill'd several and
Trim 164. Preston in Lancashire 178. Dunbar 273 Worcester 397 Beaufort encountered by Argier Pyratâ—s 546 Slain 576 Bâ—nnet Sir Humphrey 404 Benson Captain Executed 270 Beaumont a Minister Murthered at Pontfraict 227 Berkenhead Sir John Knighted 512 Berkley Sir John 98. Berkley Sir John and Col. Walter Slingsby 258 Bernard's Treachery rewarded 395 Betteley John Quartered 404 Bishops 12. Accused of high Treason to the Tower ten of them 26. Their Charge ibid. Restored to their Honours 502 Biddle an Infamous seducer 369 Blake blocks up Prince Rupert at Lisbon 256 At Lisbon again 267. A wary Commander 366. At Porto-Ferina defeats the Pyrates 372. Sails for the Coast of Spain 381. His desperate attempt upon the Spaniard in Sancta Cruz Fight 391. Fires the Spanish Fleet there ibid. Dies returning into England 402. His Character and Funeral ibid. Blackburn vide Moris Blackness yielded 288 Blechingdon-house 74 Blood attempts the Crown 580 Bourdeaux French Embassador owns Cromwel 359 Boys Sir John 62 Boyle Dean his management of affair with Cromwel about Articles for the English 252 Booth Sir George riseth in Cheshire 424 Defeated and taken 425. Sent to the Tower and Examined by Vane and Haslerig 426. Obtains his liberty of the Rump uppon Bail 433 Bramhal Dr. dies 522 Bradshaw the bold President of the high Court of Iustice 106 to 217. Dies 430 Bradshaw Agent at Hamburg and Denmark 334 Brain sent General to Jamaica 381 Brandenburghers 547 Mortogh O Brian lays down last Armes in Ireland 356 Breda the place of Treaty 560. English Embassadors there ibid. Plenipotentiaries meet Peace concluded 563 Bristol intended to be surprized for the King 45 46. Taken by his Forces 47. By Fairfax 87 Bristol Earl honoured with the Garter 344 Bridgewater taken 82 Brickbat flung at the Protector 's Coach 358 Broughton Col. 296 Broughil Lord lands in Munster with Forces from England 246. Defeats David Roch and hangs the Bishop of Ross 252. Brown Major-General 57. Reconciled to the King at Holmby 128. In a new designe discovered 434 Brown Bushel beheaded 285 Brooks Lord killed 42 Brunt-Island taken 294 Brunswick besieged and surrendred 583 Buchanan's Book burnt in Scotland 526 Buckingham Duke 177. sent into Holland 584 Buckhurst Lord c. 505 Burleigh Capt. 163 Butler Col. Richard taken 242 C Cahiâ— Castle weakly yielded 521 Calamy Minister Committed 514 Canons made against the Church of Rome and justifying this 12 Capel Lord Tryed and Sentenced 228. and Beheaded his noble deportment 229 Carlisle Earl sent into Sweden 572 Cavalcaâ—e and Procession from 474 to 486 Campeach taken 520 Canary prohibited 556 Candia besieged 559. Surrendred 577 Carlisle yielded to the Scots 106 Carnarvan slain 50 51 Casimire King of Poland dies in France 590 Carrick taken by Treachery 247. Attempted in vain to be recovered from Colonel Reynolds 248 Carteret Sir George Governour of Jersey 255 Castlehaven Earl for the King in Ireland and against the Nuntio's party 238 Casualties 315 Cavaliers to depart London 258. Conspire against Cromwel 366. Their Plot again discovered 401. They Plot against the Rump 423 Ceremonies in Religion one main cause of the War opposed and murmured at 2 3 Cessation granted by the Scots upon very difficult terms 15 Cessation agreed in Ireland 53 Chains of Gold and Medals given to the chief Sea-Officers 349 Chaloner Chute Speaker dies 416 Chancery regulated 368 Character of the Kings Iudges 196 to 203 Charles Prince in the Downs 175. At Goree in Holland 176 Charles the second Proclaimed King by dispersed papers 225 Chester Charter taken away 427 Chichister City 42 Chepstow-Castle taken by Sir Nicholas Kemish 171 St. Christophers and the Cariby Islands subdued 307 Christmass day Celebrated 398 City Alarm'd with a pretended Plot 403 City invite Parliament and Army to dinner 429. Send Sword-bearer to Gen. Monke 435. Their Gates and Portcullices pulled down 437 City and Companies feasts the General 438 Their joy upon the King's return 453 Lend the King Money 575 528 551 City Building begins 556 Citadels built in Scotland 313 Claypool's Lady dies buried 404 Dr. Clargis also Mr. Caryl Minister c. sent to Gen. Monke in Scotland 432 Clanrickard Marq. his services 249. Substituted Lord-Governour of Ireland 251. Defeated by Col. Axtel 277. Lays down his Arms 324 Clubmen 83 Clement Gregory 255 Clifford Lord made Lord Treasurer 588. Resignes his Staff 591 Clogher Bishop defeated 267 Clonmel yielded after a stout resistance 252 Colchester Siege 175 Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited 359 Committee appointed for inspection of Charters 381. Committee of Safety 429. Like not themselves declare for another Parliament 433 Common-prayer abolished 69 Commonwealth altered by Cromwel 338 Composition 88 Compton Dr. made Bishop of Oxford 599 Commissioners in Scotland 166 Commission of the Great Seal altered 359 Commissioners for approbation of Ministers 359 Commissioners to treat with the King at the Isle of Wight 183 Commissioners to General Monke from the City 436 Commissioners to the King at Breda arrive at the Hague 447 Commissioners of the Treasury 563. To take account of publick Money ibid. To hear Seamens complaints 564 Cologne Treaty 594 Colmaer Battle 601 Colliers the Dutch designe 337 Confederate party of Irish Rebels 250 Confirmation of Acts 500 Constable Sir William dies and buried in Hen. 7th's Chappel 373 Contents of the Kings Declaration from Breda 445 Convocation in England grant 5th part of their Livings to Scotch War 12 Convention in Ireland 440 Conway Lord defeated 13 Coronation of the King 475 to 496 Cotterel Sir Charles sent to Brussels 532 Court erected for rebuilding the City 556 County-troops established 373 Councellors several Privy-Councillors made 584 Covenant first in Scotland what 7. Taken 45. Burnt by the Hangman 498 to 500 Council of State erected 226. New chosen 258 named by Cromwel 343. Supream power named by the Rump 421. A new one appointed 435 Courts of Iustice in Ireland 332 Courts â—it in the interval of the Rupture by Lambert 343 Coot Sir Charles defeats the Irish 250 267 305. His Stratagem on Galloway in Ireland for a free Parliament 438. Died 503 Cooper a Minister Executed 278 Corke vide Youghal Cowley Abr. dies 564 Craven Lord his Case 291 365 offered again to the Parliament but deferred by the Protector 392 Crew Dr. Bishop of Durham 599 Crosses demolished 45 Cromwel Lieutenant-General at Marston-moor at Islip 59 74 112 His Conspiracy in seizing the King at Holmby 129. Complements and Courts the King 144. And then abuseth him 147. Awes the Votes of Non-addresses 162. His Politicks on People City and King 163. Collogues the City and Parliament for fear of the Scots 165. Marcheth into Scotland 178. Makes the Scots disband 179. Treacherously surprizeth the Levellers his subtile Clemency 234. Graduated at Oxford ibid. And presented and treated by the City of London 234. Made Lord-Governour of Ireland 237. Lands there ibid. Storms Tredagh his cruelty and policy there Winter-quarter at Youghal 254. Sent for by Letters leaves Ireland and Ireton in
Cock-matches prohibited 359 Horton Adjutant to Maj. Gen. Brown at Dennington 63 Hotham refuseth to admit the King into Hull but suffers the Duke of York and Prince Elector Palatine is proclaimed Traitor 33 34. Revolts from the Parliament and his son and he sent Prisoners to the Tower 56. Executed 68 House of Lords voted useless 226. Protest against it ibid. Howard Lord adviseth Richard Cromwel 417 Howard Lady to the Tower 423 Howard Capt. his valour 543 Howard Master sent Embassador to Taffalette 575 Hoyle Alderman Hangs himself 256 Hull Garrison 33. Hotham Governour of it ibid. The dispute of transferring that Magazine 32 33 Humble Petition and Advice 393 Hume-castle yielded 283 Humphries-Col to Jamaica 377 I Jamaica 370 Jamaicans assault the Dutch Plantations 548 James John Executed 502 Jealousies Fears and pretended Plots 26 27 30.31 Jenkins Iudge his writings 155 156. Designed for slaughter 229. Dies 524 Jersey a new Mace 520. Surrendered to Col. Haynes 306 Jesuits in France proceeded against 570. Exiled 373 Jews treat for admission with Cromwel 379 Jewish Prophet 548 559 Imposition on Seal-coal 359 Independants rise 66. Quarrel with the Presbyterians and cajolethem 67. undermine and defeat them 112 113 139. Synod at Savoy 413 Inchiqueen Lord defeats Lord Taaff 164. Declares for the King ibid. Ioyns with the Confederate Catholicks for the King under the Lord of Ormond made Lieutenant General of the Army 238. His overfight like to be surpriâ—ed 245. Falsly suspected and accused by the Marquess of Antrim 263. Leaves Ireland 277 Indians rebel in New-England 601 Ingoldsby Col. offers aid to Richard 417. Suppresseth a Mutiny and Lambert Instrument of Cromwel's Protectorian Government and his Oath 354 Joachims Embassador from the Dutch 267. Sent home 270 St. Johnstons yielded 294 Jones draws out of Dublin to oppose the advance of the Marquiss of Ormond retreats 239. Raiseth the Siege before Dublin 211. Comes before Drogheda and retreats 243. Dies in the quality of Lieutenant-General 247 Ireland and Ulster Forces submit 344 Ireland its state and condition 238 Ireton's appearance and notice at Naseby-fight wounded 78. In the Cabal of the Army 84. Draws their Papers and Proposals 84 85. Parliament Votes 161. Intrigues between them 116 118 119. Dies of the Plague 305 Irish affairs an account of the Cessation and the Marq. of Ormond's Treaty with Rebels and Parliament the Articles thereof with the Rebels the Popes Nuntio there 122 123 124. Strength what after Cromwel's departure 253. Abused by Cromwel's fair carriage at first into horrible slavery at his departure 253. Defeated at Finagh 234. Their affairs 292 309 310. Seem to acquiess in Lambert's actions 431. Affairs 515 Judges Commissioned by the new State 224. New ones again 254. New placed by the Rump 422. Of the King and others exempted out of the Act of Oblivion 454. They that came in upon Proclamation respited from Execution 469. Brought to the House of Lords and remanded to Prison 502. Of the Law their Names 492 Justice High Court 203 to 217. Again erected 258 278. To try Col. Gerrard and Powel 360 K Kentish Insurrection 173. Suppressed ibid. Kent mastered and reduced by Rich and Berkstead 175 Keyling Sir John Lord Chief-Iustice 543 Ker Col. defeated 280 Killing no Murther a Book 395 King dispenceth with the Common prayer and Book of Canons in Scotland by a Declaration slighted and cavilled at as a device and opposed by the Earls of Hume and Lindsey with another Declaration 7 8 Arms against the Scots 9. At York and Barwick agrees upon a Pacification 10. Goeth to his Scotch Parliament 20. Departs thence with mutual satisfaction ibid. Received Magnificently at his return to the City ibid. Demands five Members 25. To Hampton-court to Dover to Greenwich Theobalds 27. To Royston New-market York ibid. Asserts his right in the Militia 30 31. His innocence of any designe of War c. ibid. Resolves for Ireland 32. Expostulates his affront at Hull from Beverley 34. Takes a guard of York-shire-Gentlemen ibid. His intentions of no War attested by the Lords ibid. Answers and refutes their Remonstrance 35. Forbids the Militia 36. Invites his Subjects to his assistance ibid. To Newark back to York to Nottingham sets up his Standard to Stafford-shire Leicester-shire confines of Wales and Shrewsbury and caresses the Gentry and Commonalty 37 38 39. Melts down his Plate at Shrewsbury and Mints it 38. Faceth Coventry to Southam 39. Stays and turns upon Essex his Speech 39 40. Takes Banbury to Oxford towards London at Brainford 41. Into the West after Essex Overtakes him at Lestithiel defeats him 58. in the associated Counties 88. Into Wales ibid. At Newark 90. At Oxford ibid. Escapes thence 99. To the Scots 100. Information of it and his Majesties Messages and the Parliaments Answers from 100 to 104. The King at Newcastle 114. disputes with Henderson 115. And betrayed by the Scots 121. His escape intended from the 122. Delivered to Commissioners 127. At Holmby 128. Carried away by Cornet Joyce 129. At Childersley with freedom of Chaplains 130. The designe of it 131 to 133. Deluded by the Army Proposals 132. At Hampton-court after many traverses 145. Pretendedly at Liberty and Honour 147. His nearness to London suspected by Cromwel 148. Frighted thence by Whaley and departs ibid. His Letters and Declarations there 148 to 151. In the Isle of Wight ibid. High Treason to conceal his Person ibid. His Message from the Isle of Wight 151 to 155. A blasphemous Hue and Cry against him ibid. Answers the Message with the Bills of Parliament His Declaration upon the Votes of Non-addresses 166 to 169. Kings Message and Answer to the Votes of a personal Treaty 181 182. Hath liberty of assistance and his Friends 183. Startled at the Remonstrance of the Army 187. Shews the unreasonableness of it ibid. His farewel to the Commissioners and Declaration concerning the Treaty 188 to 190. And his Letter of the result and advice to the Prince 190. Hurried from the Isle of Wight to Hurst-castle to Winchester to Windsor to St. James's 193. To the High Court of Iustice his defence and Reasons 203 to 215. Traiterously Sentenced ibid. Confers with his Children ibid. The Lady Elizabeth's relation of it 216. His Speech upon the Scaffold 218 to 219. Murthered 220. His Corps exposed to view ibid. Buried by the Duke of Richmond Marquiss of Hertford Durchester and Earl of Lindsey at Windsor 221. The Service-book denied at his Interment ibid. King Charles the second at Hague 235. Highly treated there and honoured 236. Departs for France by Rotterdam Dort Antwerp and Brussels treated by the Arch-Duke Leopold attended thence by Duke Lorrain to Compeign met there by the French King 237. At Jersey 257. At Breda ibid. Takes shipping at Terheyden for Scotland 268. Arrives there ibid. Withdrawing the Covenanting party 281. Crowned at Schoone ibid. Marched into England 294. Comes to Worcester 295. Summons the Country ibid. Flies by advice of the Earl of Derby to Whiteladies the
manner of his escape and arrival at Paris 311. Continues there ibid. Interposeth betwixt that King and Princes honoured by the Duke of Lorrain ibid. From Paris to Liege and from the Spaw 363. to Colen 365. At the Duke of Newburg ibid. Privately withdraws upon Penruddock's rising 367. At Frankford 376. An interview with the Queen of Sweden in company with the Princess of Aurange ibid. To Flanders at Bruges 384. False reports spread of him here on designe 377. Honourably treated by the Elector of Mentz ibid. Entertains Forces in Flanders 291. His Title to the Crown annull'd 383. King at Dunkirk 396. In readiness with Forces from Flanders 403. His designe discovered by Manning 367. Privately at Sir George Booth's rising about St. Mâ—â—â—'s in Britany 426. At St. Jean de Luz ibid. And at Paris Complemented upon the Change by that Court 436. At Brussels thence to Breda 445. Sends his Letters and Declarations ibid. At the Hague 447. Proclaimed ibid. Departs for England 449. Complemented with an Elegant Speech ibid. Embarques and Lands at Dover 450. To Canterbury Rochester Dertford 451. Manner of his entrance into and passage through London ibid. Proclaimed in Ireland by the Convention Crowned 454. His answer to the Earl of Manchester's Speech 453. Passeth many Acts 454. His passage through London to his Coronation 475. Married to the Infanta of Portugal at Portsmouth 506. His Declaration concerning the Act of Vniformity 514. Kings Progress 539. At Oxford ibid. Declares War against France 544. Lays the first Stone at the Exchange 565. Makes peace with Spain 578. Takes a Progress 581. Invites the Dutch into England 585. Makes peace with the Dutch 595. Mediates a peace between France and Spain composeth the difference between the King of France and States of Genoua 600 Kingly power voted useless 226 Kirle a Lieutenant-Colonel betrayeth Monmouth to Massey 64 Knights of the Bath 481 Kniveton Daniel the Kings Messenger-Executed 256 L Lambert Major-General passeth into Fife defeats Sir John Brown there 293 Lambert made General against Sir Geo. Booth his success 425. His reward of a Iewel 427. His policy and use of his Victory ibid. His Cabal with the Officers of his Army against the Rump ibid. Offered Terms from the King by the Lord Hopton 431. Marcheth against General Monke ibid. Would Engage 434. Deserted by his men ibid. Turned off and discarded escapes from the Tower defeated taken by Ingoldsby 441. Ordered to Trial 505. Sentenced 510 Lambs a brave white-coated Regiment of the Marquiss of Newcastle overthrown and destroyed 61 Langdale Lord joyns with Hamilton 1â—7 Lane Lord-Keeper dieth at Jersey 270 Laud Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury a zealous Protestant traduced c. 12. And intended to be murthered 12 13. Impeached 17. And voted guilty of High Treason committed to the Tower ibid. Convened before the Lords and after a brave defence Sentenced 69 70. As bravely suffered Beheaded ibid. Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powel rise in Wales 171 Laughorn vide Poyer c. Laws poted to be maintained and preserved by the new States turned into English 287 to be new moulded into another Body 351. Lawson Sir John sent to the Streights 526. Proclaims War with the Algiers ibid. Called home 528 De Lede Spanish Embassador hither 373. Governour of Dunkirk slain there 406 Leeds taken by Fairfax 42 Leicester Earl made Deputy of Ireland 20 Leicester taken â—6 Retaken 80 81. Lenthal Mr. John 469 Lesly Scotch General 13. Defeated at Marston-moor 59. Baulked at Hereford 87. Taken and sent Prisoner to Chester 302 Letters sent from the King to the Rump 441 Levellers first 131 Levens Dr. Executed 269 Liberty of Conscience Enacted in England 275 Libberton Lord to the King at Jersey 233. Slain at Dunbar 273 Ligne Prince 455 Lilburn John whipt at Carts Tail for seditious Books 2 Lilburn and Levelling party secured 232. Their History and Actions at Burford 234 Their new Commotions 255. Defeated and their Ring-leaders shot 234 Lilburn Col. Chief Commander in Scotland he defeats the Royalists 355 Lilly's Prognostications 310 Lines and Bulwarks about London alarm'd by the King's march 39 Lindsey Earl General for the King 38. His Son 47 Limerick Siege 304. Surrendered 305 Lisle killed 534 Litchfield besieged and taken 42. Retaken by Prince Rupert 44 Litchfield Earl 424 Littleton Lord Keeper 45 Little or foolish Parliament sit down 349. Their Character and Names 350. Their strange Consultations and Actions 351. Dissolved 353 Lockyer shot to death 233 Lockhart the Rump Embassador at St. Jean de Luz 426 Loans and subscriptions against Scotch War by the Earl Strafford c. all the Nobility and Gentry 11 London proffers their ready service to secure the two Houses their Levies forbidden by the Kings Letters 27. A Plot to surprize it for the King Mr. Waller hardly escaped 47. Engage against the Army and Petition the Parliament 137. Too rashly 138. Tumult the Parliament ibid. Submit to the Army their Lines and Works dismantled Army through it in Triumph 141 Bishop of London attended the King at his death 220 London-Derry relieved by the joynt forces of O Neal and General Monke the ill consequences thereof 239 Longford house surrendred 92 Loudon Lord abuseth the King 120 Lorn Lord pardoned 509 Lords House comply with votes of Non-addresses awed by the Army 165 Lords of the Privy-Council 488 Loathbury sad fire 513 Loughborough Lord 81 97. Escapes 227. Arrives at the Hague ibid. Love Minister Sentenced and Executed 240 Lucas Sir Charles and Sir George Lisle shot to death 179 Lucas Sir Charles and Sir George Lisle reinterred at Colchester 500 Lunsford Lieutenant of the Tower 25 Luzancy assaulted by St. Germain 602 M Macquire and MacMahon seized in Dublin sent Prisoners to the Tower 22. Executed 71 Mace a new one made 235 Maestricht blockt up 584. Surrendered 596 Major-Generals established 378. Their power and awe of Elections c. 382 Mallet Iudge resignes 522 Man Isle reduced 306 Manchester Earl at Marston 58. At Dennington-castle 63. Disbanded 72. His Speech 452. Made Lord-Chamberlain 455. Dies 580 Mannings Treason 365. Shot 368 Mardike taken 396. Attempted by the Spaniard ibid. Marlborough 42. Burnt 343 Mary Princess Married to the Prince of Aurange 18 Marriage Act 351 Marston the Leveller hanged 257 Marsin General 403 Marshals Court in Southwark abolished 291 Maynard Serjeant to the Tower c. 374 Massey Col. 42. Disbanded 112. Heads the Citizens against the Army 139. Impeached 132. Flies into Holland 143. Escapes from the Tower 303. Escapes from St. James's 227 Arrives at the Hague ibid. Worsted and wounded at Upton-bridge 296. Taken 303. Taken and Escaped 424. Mazarine Cardinal joys the Queen-Mother with Cromwel's death 410 Maurice Prince drowned in the West-Indies 337 Members the five the grand cavil of the Rebellion 25. Five Members charged 26 Eleven Members impeached by the Army 132. Fugitive Members sit in Council with the Army 140. Reseated by them 141. Void and null all that was done in their absence 142
it 340. Dumb one meets 362. Another pretended Parliament 382. Memberr excluded ibid. In a full House with the Other House 398 399. Dissolved 401. One called by Richard their Transacting with him and the Other House and the Army 413 to 418. The Long one dissolved 439. Most gladly and reverendly reecive the Kings Letters 445. Their resolves thereupon 446. Their affairs before the King's return 453. They say hold on his Majesties Declaration from Breda 454. Dissolved 470. Another meet by the Kings Writ 496 Parliament 519.520 Prorogued 523 527. Meet 530. Prorogued 532. Meet at Oxford 542. Prorogued 543. Their Thanks to the Vniversity ibid. Prorogued 545 549. Meet 555. Vote a supply ibid. Prorogueâ— and meet 563. Adjourn 564. Meet 566. Adjourn 568. Adjourn ibid. Prorogued 569. Meet and Prorogued 574. Meet 576. Adjourned 577. Prorogued 580. They make an address about English Manufactures 580. Prorogued 581. Adjourned 587. Meet 589. Adjourned 590. Meet and prorogued 591. Meet 602. Prorogued ibid. Meet again ibid. Parliament of Scotlaud 524 526. Proceed against Nonconformists 545. Meet at Edinburgh 574. Pass the Act for a Treaty of Vnion 577 Parliament in Ireland 545 Patrick Pursel Irish Maj. Gen. his treachery and cowardise 241 Pauw Embassador from Holland 227. Dies 324 Piercy James pretends to the Earldom of Northumberland 590 Piercy Capt. Executed 578 Pembroke Siege 172 Pen Sea-Capt. 293. Sea-General 369 376 Pennington and Pym 36. Pym dieth 56 Penâ—eâ—â—is-castle 111 Pendruddock's Insurrection c. 367. Tried and Beheaded 372 Perth in Scotland five Articles 3 Petitions from Essex Surrey c. for peace 172 Petition and Advice 393 Phanatick Plots 500 512 Phelim O Neal Irish General 21 Phenix lost 328. Regained 330 Philips Young Stubs Baker and two Gibs Executed 513 Piedmont story of a Massacre 373 â—â—ague in the Loyal-Irish Provinces 242 〈◊〉 ships taken by Sir Richard Stainer 383 〈…〉 tentiaries of the Rumpin the Sound 462 〈…〉 tentiaries return from Cologne 599 Plot pretended against the Protector 358. Another started 403. vide Cavalier Plot in Ireland 520. Plotters Executed 545 Plot in England 520. Plotters tryed 521. Executed ibid. More Plotters 549. Condemned and Executed 550 Pontefract-Castle 72. Dâ—livered 131 Poland King his ill success 545. Polanders revolt 546 549. Make peace with the Tartars 568. The King resignes 571. Several pretend to the Crown ibid. New King Elected 577. New dissentions there 590. King dies 596. Defeats the Turks ibid. Popham Sea-General dies 303 Pope and King of France quarrel 524. Agree 525. Popes Iustice 571. Dies 577. A new one chosen 579 596 Popish Priests Banished 578 599. Orders against popish Priests ibid Porta Ferina Fight 374 Porto Longone fight between the Dutch and Capt. Badily 328 Portsmouth taken 39 Portugueze murthered 522 Portugal Embassador to the new English States 277. Concludes a peace 332. Concludes a League ibid. His Brother Dâ—n Pontaleon Sa Beheaded for what 361. That King dies 383 Portugal Match declared by the King 497 Portugal routs the Spaniard 526. Victory 533 546. Invade Spain 547. At peace with Spain 570. Prince of Portugal made Regent 572 Potter Condemned 290 Powel and Laughorn saved ibid. Power onely in the people 225 Poyntz Col. 89 91 139 143. Poyer Col. shot to death 231 Prentices Tumult 568 Presbyterian Government established for three years 125. Ministers own not the Parliament 255. Seized by the Council of State 290 Presbytery tending to an establishment 439 Presbyterians endeavour a Toleration 511 Pride and Hewson and Sir Hardress Waller force the Houses 192 Private Bills pass'd by the King 509 Prizes taken from the Dutch 322 Proclamation of the King 's Privy Council slighted in Scotland 5 7. Of the King for the Kings Iudges to render themselves 454 Of twenty miles to Rump Officers 511. Against Papists 565 Propositions to the King at Colbrook on his march to London 41. Made for tryal of the King by the Iuncto 194 195. Protestants in Savoy 526 Pryn writes agaidst Bishops and Ceremonies put in the Pillory for it 2. Meets the Rump 420 Publick Faith 37 Putten Van his fall 589 Q Qualifications made by the Rump of all such to bold Offices 421 Quarter free 156 Quarrel the state of it between the Scots and Cromwel 271 Queen-Mother Mary de Medicis coming to England taken for Ominous why 9 Queen with the Princess of Aurange for Holland carries the Crown-Iewels 27. Lands in Burlington-Bay 42. Endangered by shot proclaimed Traitor 44. Meets the King at Edgâ—â— hill 43. Goes for security from Oxford to Exeter 57. From thence to France 58 Queen-mother arriâ—â—s 〈◊〉 England 469. Departs Returns 4â—â— Returns for France 539. Dies 573. Queen of Bohemia likewise dies 504 Queen Catherine â—mbarkes from Lisbon 507. Arrives aâ— â—â—â—â—â—mouth 508. At Hampton-court 509. To White-hall ibid. R Ragland-Castle 109 110 111. Duke of Richmond with the King 132 147 Rainsborough tur 〈…〉 of the Navy by the Sea-men 〈…〉 at Doncaster 193 Ramsey Colâ— 42 Rea Lord defeatâ—◠〈◊〉 â—â—otland 233 Reâ—â—â—ng besieged and rendred 43 〈…〉 in Ireland 20 to 25. The Rebels proclaimed Traitors 26 Recognition-Act and expedient for it the Army jar-with Richard 414 Red-house stormed 272 Remedies proper against late troubles 508 Remonstrance a second of the Parliament worse than the former 35 Armies villaâ—â—â— Remonstrance first against the King 185 186. The Module of our ruine 136 Remonstrance of the Western Scots 280 Remonstrants their folly 304 Repeal of Act against Bishops 501 Resolution of Parliament in answer to the Kings Declaration 51â— Restitution of King and Kingdom 444 Revocation and Impropriation-Act in Scotland original of those troubles â—â—4 Reynolds Commissary-General in â—reland his actions 310 Reynolds Col. Knighted 373. Meets the Duke of York 397. Sent for by Cromwel there upon and cast away ibid. Reynoldson Lord-mayor refuseth to proclaim the Act against Kingly Government fined Imprisoned and degraded 231 Richard Protector 409. his advice and Councellors ibid. Proclaimed a story of his guards 413. Calls a Parliament ibid. Offered terms by the King his suspence 417. Consents to a Commission and Proclamation to dissolve the Parliament 317. Layd aside by the Army in danger of arrest and hides himself 418. Gives a transcript of his debts resolveth and promiseth to acquiesce under the Rump 422 Richlieu intermeddles with the Scotch War 9 Riches Regiment of Horse mutiny at Bury 438 Richmond Duke diâ—s 589 Riot at Lambeth-house Riâ—ers rescued 12 13 Roberts Lord for the Parliament Deputy of Ireland 573 De la Roche taken 5â—â— Roch David defeated vide Broughil â—â—â— Rochester Earl at Ratisbone Diet in Gerâ—â—â—ny 329 Rolf treacherously intends to murther 〈◊〉 King 16â— Rosa Canonized at Rome 57â— Ross in Ireland yielded by Luke Taaff â—â— Cromwel 2â—â— Rothes Earl L. Commissioner in Scotland 5â—â— Rous Francis Speaker to the little Parl. 349 Rudyard Sir Benjamin a Patriot â—36 De Ruyter at mouth of Channel 326 Ruines of St. Pauls â—â—4 Rump 419. Debar the secluded Me 〈…〉 Derivation of the Rump
〈…〉 and Lambert fall out 428. Vote away Lambert's and eight more Field-commission Officers ib. Outed by Lambert 429. Reseated 43 〈…〉 ter company added to them 438. Arms defaced 446 Rupert Prince 40 44. And throughout the War Leaves Kingsale and puts to Sea with a Fleet 254. Blockt up at Lisbon 256 267. His Fleet dispersed and some taken 275. From Taulon to Sea 289. Seizeth Spanish ships why 293. In France â—37 General at Sea 550. Divides 〈…〉 yns again and fights 551 Russia Emperor 255. Embassadors Rycaut Paul returns from Constantinople 520 S. Sad condition of the Irish 333 Safety a Committee 429 Sales of the King 's Queen's Prince's Dâ—â—ns and Chapters Lands and Houses 256. Of Kings Houses agreed on but avoyded by Cromwel â—â—â— Salisbury River begun to be made 〈…〉 â—â—â— Sanzeime Battle 600 Salmasius his Royâ—l defence 236 Salters-Hall Commissioners for sale of prisoners Estates stopt 359 Sanderson Bishop dies 514 Saul Major Executed 278 Sandwich Earl keeps the Sea 528. Takes the Dutch East-Indie-fleet 541. He is sent Embassador into Spain 545. Arrives at Madrid 550. Sent to Portugal 569 Scalborough to the King by Brown Bushel 44. Yielded to the Parliament 193 Savoy and Genoa at odds 547 566 590. Saxony Duke installed Knight of the Garter by Proxey 580 Scilly Island rendred by Sir John Greenvile 288 289 Scot Robinson sent to meet Gen. Monk 435 Scotch troubles about English Liturgy and Book of Canons 3. Arm 1638. And desire the King of France's assistance 9. Cunningly agree upon a Pacification abuse the King who is betrayed by his Servants 10. War resumed proclaimed Rebels treated with soon after 15. Peace ratified in Parliament ibid. Favour the Parliaments cause 35. Enter England with an Army for the Covenant 56. At Hereford 87. Iuggle with and sell the King 120. Parliament dispute about the disposal of the King 115 Commissioners sence of the Parliaments Bills and Proposals Presbyters murther sâ—veral Scotch Gentlemen 164. Prepare a War under Hamilton 165 166. Enter England under Duke Hamilton 177. Defeated 178. Hamilton prisoner ibid. Scotland detests the Murther of the King and proclaims Charles the second at Edinburgh and expostulates with the Regicides at Westminster 232 Scots defeat a Royal party in the North of Scotland 333. Send Commissioners to the King 233. Defeated in Ulster in Ireland by Sir Charles Coot 247. They send Commissioners to the King 257. Their Names Except against Malignants their other terms 257. They endeavour to unite 274 Cavaliers admitted into Trust 282. Pass an Act of Oblivion 290. Encamped in Torwood 292. Noblemen taken at Elliot in Scotland and sent Prisoners to the Tower others of the Nobility submit 302. The reasons 304. Kirk reject the English Vnion 307. Deputies ordered to be chosen by the Commissioners 310. The affairs of the Kingdom ibid. Several Scots Earls and Noblemen taken after Worcester 298 New Great Seal 56. Great Seal broken 128 Sea-fight the first between us and the Dutch in the Downs an account of it 315 to 320 Second Sea-fight between Sir Geo Ayscue and De Ruyter at Plymouth 325 Third Sea-fight between Blake and De Wit in the North-Foreland 326 327. Fourth Sea-fight at Portland 335 Fifth Sea-fight at Leghorn betwixt Captain Appleton and Van Gallen 337 Sixth Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke Dean and Blake and Van Tromp behinde the Goodwyn-Sands 345 Seventh Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke and Tromp 346 to 349 Sea-men encouraged 534 Secluded Members restored and reseated Sieges and Skirmishes in Ireland 274 Selden John dies 366 Seneffe Battle 601 Serini beats the Turk 52. Is killed 533 Sexby Col. dies 398 Shaftsbury Earl Lord Chancellor 588 Dr. Sheldon Arch-bishop of Canterbury 523 Sheriffs discharged of expenses at Assizes 401 Ship-money voted illegal 17. The nature of it 16 17 Ships blown up neer London-bridge 361 Shrewsbury 38 39 71 Sickness in London 539. Abates 544 Skippon Major-General Articles for the Infantry at Lestithiel 58 Skirmishes Brill Ast-ferry 64 Slanning Sir Nicholas 46 Slingsby Sir Henry decoyed 304. Tryed and Beheaded 404 Smith Sir Jeremy keeps the Mediterranean Seas 544 Soissons Count Embassador hither 456 Sonds Freeman kills his Brother and is hanged 380 Southampton Earl 163 Spalding-Abby fell and killed 23 persons 380 Spaniard owns the English Commonwealth 278 Sprague Sir Edward sent into Flanders 569. Commands in the Streights 578. Destroys the Algerines 581. Returns 583. Spoyls the Dutch fishing 588 Stacy Edmond Executed 404 States of England pretended declare the maintenance of Laws 227. Are guilty of the Irish Rebellion with which they taxed the King 237. Erect a new Council of State 283. Proclaim the King Traitor and are in great fear and dispair at his entring England 294 Stamford Earl 42 Statues of the late King and King James pulled down and the Inscription writ under that at Old Exchange 269 Steel Recorder of London refuseth to be Knighted by Oliver 357. Made Lord-Chancellor of Ireland 366. Made Lord Chief-Baron of England 373 Stawel Sir John ordered for Tryal 229. At High Court of Iustice 279 Sterling-Castle taken 361 Sterry Oliver's Chaplain his Blasphemy 409 Strafford Earl Commander in chief against the Scots 13. Accused to the Parliament 15. To the Black-rod and Tower 16. Tryal 18. His willing resignation his attainder ibid. And deâ—th 19 St. Germain a Proclamation against him 602 St. John and Strickland Embassadors to the Dutch their business and departure 285 286 287. St. John 357. Stickles in the Council of State for terms with the King 440 Stratton Baron Lord Hopton dies 328 Straughan Col. 280 Stroker 540 Stuart Lord John killed 57. With Sir John Smith Col. Scot and Sandys and Colonel Manning ibid. Stuart Lord Bernard slain 89 Submission of the Irish 324 Sunderland Earl slain 51 Summons for persons of Integrity to take upon them the Government by Council of state 345 Sums of Money raised by the Parliament Supplies to Jamaica 377 Surrenders several 91. As Basing Tiverton Exeter Sheford 91 92 Surrenders in Ireland 270 Surinam 557 Surrey Petitioners assaulted 172 Sweden Queen supplies Montross 255. Complies with our States 358. Receives Whitlock ibid. Gives our Soveraign an interview 376 Sweden King invades Poland 373 Swedes stand firm for England 549. Besiege Bremen 559. Mediations excepted 560. Embassador dies in London 566. Makes peace with the Dutch 567. King presented with the Garter 572. Installed by Proxie 580. Ioyn with the French 597 Sydenham Major slain at Linlithgow 288 Syndercomb's Plot and death 384 385. T Tabaco taken by the English 591 Tables erected in Scotland 7 Tadcaster 42 Taffalette routed and slain 579. Moors beaten 581. Earl of Middleton Governour and makes peace with the Moors 594 Taaff Lord sent against Cromwel 246 Taaff Luke Major-General 248 Tangier 504. Iews expelled 525. Lord Bellasis Governour there 537. Moors beaten there 573 Tartar taken in Germany 526 Taylor the Kings Resident with the Emperour 329 Taxes a mark on them 331 Teviot Earl killed 527 Temple Sir William concludes â— League
Impeachment of high treason against the Earl of Strafford he is committed and Sir George Ratcliff sent for out of Ireland Dr. Williams Bishop of Lincoln released Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton received by the Londoners in pomp Sir John Finch Lord Keeper and Francis Windebanck Secretary of State charged with high treason they withâ—rew John James a Romish Catholique stabs Iustice Howard in Westminster-Hall The Case of Shipmoney stated The Iudges opinions thereupon Shipmoney vâ—tâ—d illegal The Iudgment of the Excheqâ—â—r agâ—inst Mr. Hambden vacated Mr. Hollis delivers a Charge against the A.B. Cant. the Scots do the like he is voted guilty of high treason and committed The King signs the Bill for Triennial Parliaments The Houses oppose Bishops temporal jurisdiction The Earl of Straffords Tryal Sir David Fowls and Sir William Pennyman witnesses against the Earl the last of whom wept He is condemned as guilty of high treason The faction make a hideous cry of Iustice. The King with much reâ—uctancy signs the Bill of Attainder A notable remarque concerning Sir Alexander Carew Those Bishops that consented to the Earls death escaped not the fury of the times Prince of Orange warries the Princess Mary Sir Dudley Carleton the Earls Secretary brings him word of his Majesties having passed the Bill of Attainder Life in Mr. Lloyds Memoires The English Army disband the Scotch receive a vast sum of money and return home The King visits his Parliament of Edinburgh The Earl of Leicester made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Parliament adjourned The faction encreaseth and grows strong The King settles the affairs of Scotland A Rebellion in Ireland The King returns from Scotland and is magnificently received at London The faction sâ—anderously charge the King and Arch-B Cant. with inclining to Popery Walker an Iron-monger thâ—ows a Libel into the Kings 〈◊〉 he is impriâ—oned Sir Richard Gurney Lord Mayor of London Most of the Irish Nobility revolted Sir Phelim Oneal their chief commandâ—r A full account of the Irish Rebellion and proceedings of the War there Roger Moor the chief instrument in the plot The Lord Viscount Gormanston one of their complices Owen O Conally discovers the Plot. Iuâ—â—ice Parsons and Sir Jo. Borlace double their Watches Mac Mahon and Mac-Guire their Lodgings watched Mac Mahon and his men after some resistance are sâ—cured and confess the Plot. The Lord Mac-guire seized The Council warn the people of the Rebellion by Proclamation The Lord Blaweys House Wife and Children surprised The Newry surprized with several other places of strength The Rebels take Dundalk besiege Tredagh They commit horrid Massacres in sundry places 1800 Pâ—rsons drowned 150000 Persons destroyed in the Province of Ulster only in five moâ—ths time Sir Phelim Oneal defeatâ—d at Duâ—dalk Dublin in great streights A Regiment raised for Sir H. Titchburn another for Sir Charles Coot Expresses sent to the King the Lord Lieutenant and the Parliament Owen O Conally rewarded with 200 l. in money and a pension of 200 l. per anum The Earl of Ormond Lieu. Gen. marched to Dublin with divers other Captains Major Roper with 600 Foot to Tredagh With 50 Horse under Sir Pat. Weems surprized by the Rebels and routed Some Rebels executed at Wicklo Luke Tool encounters Sir Charls Coote and is puâ— to flight The Lords and Gentry of the English Pale declare for the Roman Catholick Religion The Rebels in Lemster 20000 strong Sir Simon Harcourt arrives with a Regiment at Tredagh The Rebels are disheartned and defeated by Sir Henry Titchburn who recovered Dundalk Sir Phelim O Neal escapes to Ulster Sir George Monro recovers Newry and do's the Rebels much damage Tumults from London affront the King and Court Sir William Mason heads the Gentlemen of Grays-Inne to White-Hall prostering them and himself to his Majesty as a guard for his person The King receives them with respect The Tumultuous rabble countenanced by some Grandees of the faction Whereat the King is much troubled He demands five Members of the House of Commons and the Lord Kimbolton The House vote it a breach of priviledge They accuse several Bishops as guilty of high Treason They are Committed The Irish are proclaimed Rebels The King declares his charge against the five members The Parliament imprisons Sir Edw. Herbert The Tumults increase and the King retires to Hampton-Court A rumour concerning the Lord Digby Col. Lunsford committed The Scots interpose themselves the Parliament demands the Tower and the Militia Buckinghamshire men petition in behalf of Mr. Hambden The King leaves Hampton-Court the Queen and Princess of Aurange take ship for Holland The Parliament vote the Queen a Traytor The Militia the principal difference between King and Parliament The Commission of Arry An Ordinance of Parliament for ordering the Militia The Parliament send several Papers to the King The King is much troubled thereat and answers The Parliament declare their resolution of putting the Kingdom into a posture of defence The Earl of Warwick made Admiral of England The King answers the Parliaments Declation with another He offers a free Pardon to his people and propounds a râ—â—â—â—ciliation The faction set forth another Declaration concerning the Militia The King sends a Message to the Parliament concerning Ireland They plead the priviledge of Parliament The King proclaims against Papists The Yorkshire Gentry desire a right understanding between King and Parliament The King returns a gratious answer He resolving to go for Ireland sends a Message to the Parliament Sir John Hotham admitted into Hull The Parliament Petition the King for the Militia they insist upon the dangers of Popery Hull is Garrison'd and the King is troubled that they should Petition him and at the instant carve at their one pleasures He excuseth his repriving of some Iâ—suites The Parliament refuse to be governed by Commissioners in his Majesties absence The King resolves to possess himself of Hull But is denyed entrance by Sir John Hotham who stood on the Walls and â—eard himself proclaimed a Traytor The Duke of York and Prince â—lector bring in the Town are suffered to depart The King retreatâ—d to Beverly writes to the Mayor and Garrison of Hull And to the Parliament for Iâ—â—tice against Hotham Tâ—e Parliament order the Lord Liâ—â—tenant of Lincoln to â—uppress all Forcâ—s raiâ—ed against Hull Sir Richard Gurney Loâ—d Mayor 〈◊〉 London sent to the Tower The Parliament Authorize Sir John Hotham to raise the Trained Bands The King sâ—mmons the Gâ—ntry of York for the security of his Person The Parliament Conclude the K. intendeth War They take up Arms â—nder preâ—ence of râ—scuing the King from his evil Couâ—sel and prohibit all resort to the King They publish a Râ—monstrance Which is answâ—red by the King Theâ—â—aviâ—e the Scots to their 〈◊〉 Thâ— Scoâ—s pretend a zâ—al for his Majesty bâ—t deâ—â—aâ—â— for the Parliament and have their thanks Tâ—e Parliament set forth another Remonstrance which the King answers They send him 19 Propositions to York The King returns an answer
Stapleton The Parliaments Declaration wherein they make the King the Author of the War Their Votes of Non-address to the King 16 Janua 1647. None to apply themselves to him without leave from bâ—th Houses Whosoever doth to â—â—â—r the penalties of High Treason That they will receive no more Messages from the K. and enjoyn all persons not to bring any frâ—m him They publish another Remonstâ—â—nce 〈◊〉 Arthur Haslerig 's Brother subâ—ras one Smallinâ— to vilifie the K. Col. Hamond tuâ—â—s away his Majesties Servants The King a clâ—se Prisoner Captain Burleigh beaâ—s â— Drum in the Island for the King He is supprest and seized by Col. Hamond Major Rolf accused for designing the Kings death Seized in Bishops-gate-street Capt. Burleigh Executed at Winchester Feb. 10. Rolf quitted by Ignoramus by the same Iury. Rainsborough commanded by the Parliament to guard the Island The Army declare for the Parliament Many gallant persons put to death in Scotland Col. Nathaniel Gordon and another oâ— his â—ame executed at St. Johnstons Sir Robert Spotswood executed Mr. Andrew Guthery and Mr. William Murray executed Lord Ogleby â—â—ap s. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax â—â—th of a Gangrene Maâ—q of Ormond 〈◊〉 Dublin to Col. Jones The Marquess attends the King Goes into France thence into Ireland Col. Jones routed Col. Jones kills 5470 Irish nâ—er Trim. Preston hardly escapes and joyns with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueen defeates the Lord Taaf Declares for the King and joynâ—th with the said Lord. The English Faction Treat with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueens Commission taken from him The House of Lords scruple the Vâ—tâ— of Noâ—-Addresses they at last pasâ— it and are 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 The Independents Propose to unite all Interests in the Houses City and Army Cromwel makes a speech to that pâ—râ—â—â—â—â—e is confronted Glover sent to the City and rejected Cromwel troubled thereat The Scots Commissioners signifie their desires and depart home The Committee at Derby-house gâ—ows powerful The Parliament sent Commissioners into Scotland The Scots set forth an angry Declaration That and their Covenant is slighted The Scots mad 〈◊〉 an Expedition His Majesties elegant Declaration in Answer to the Votes of no further Addresses The Parliaments Visitation of the University of Oxford â—â—d tâ—ning out oâ— the Loyal aâ—d Learned Schâ—lars The Earl oâ— Pembroke made by them Chancellour of the University Alderman Warner Lord Mayor of London a factious person A Tumuâ—t and Insurrection is London by the Boys and Prentices Apr. 9. Sir Thomas Fairfax with part of the Army enters quells it and disperseth them Kensey and Matthews the one a Vintner the other a Meal-man condemned but reprieved by the mediation of Alderman Tichborn and afterwards pardoned Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powel rise for the King in Wales thâ—y secure Pembroke and Tenby Castles Chopstow Castle 〈…〉 â—â—cholas Kemish and Siâ— John Owen 〈…〉 for the King in North-Wales Col. Hâ—rton sent to 〈◊〉 them Col. Fleming Commands a party against the Royalists he is set upon and routed lays violent hands on himself and dieth St. Fagons fight May 8. Col. Horton defeats Laughorn Cromwel sends Col. Eure to attempt Sir Nich. Kemish Chepstow Castle retaken May 25. Sir Nich. Kemish killed in cold blood Sir Jo Owen ' s Forces suppressed by M. Gen. Mitton and himself taken Cromwel joyns with Horton Tenby stormed and yieldeth Pembroke besieged by Oliver Cromwel Hugh Peters encourageth his Souldiers in his Sermon Pembroke stormed to the besiegers loss But at length delivered Essex Surry and London Petition for Peace The Guards of the Army fall upon them and disperse theâ— some are killed The Kentish Insurrection May 24. They Rendezvouze neer Rochester Lord Goring Earl of Norwich their General The Army yield the Militia again to the City and cajole them Col. Culpeper endeavours to perswade the City to Declare for the King they refuse Skippon madâ— Major-General of London Maidstone fight June 2. The Royalists Roâ—ted Earl of Norwich and Kentish Forces at Black beath wooes the City for passage denied Fâ—rries into Essex June 3. The Essex Forces joyn with him at Bow Sir Charles Lucas their General They seize the Earl of Warwick's Arms and march to Colchester Lord Capel assists them with a party of Horse Sir George Lisle Major-General of the Essex Forces for the King Colchester Siege The Lord Lucas Sir Charles his Brother his House ruined The condition of the besieged They eat horse-flesh The Fleet comes in and render themselves to the Prince July 27. Their Commander Col. Rainsborough set on Shore Vice-Admiral afterwards Sir Will. Batten brings more Ships to the Prince The Prince in Yarmouth Road with the Duke of York Pr. Rupert E. of Brainford Lord Hopton Lord Wilmot Lord Willoughby c. The Prince takes a Hamborough ship Lord Rich Earl of Warwick Admiral for the Parliament ordered to set forth a Fleet. Earl of Warwick at Quinborough the Prince summons him He refuseth Prince Charles with the Fleet at Goree in Holland Pr. Rupert made Admiral Earl of Holland appears in Arms at Kingston July 7. accompanied by the D. of Buckingham the Lord Francis Villiers the young E. of Peterborough the Ld. Petre c. Tâ—â—y are attaqued by Sir Michael Livesy 's Forces and other Parliamentariaâ—s Lord Francis Villiers slain Earl of Holland flies into Huntington shire and is taken by Col. Scroop Col. Dalbier slain Duke of Buckingham and E. of Peterborough escape beyond Sea Earl of Holland sent to Warwick Castle Scotch Army enters England unâ—er command of Duke Hamilton Colonel afterwards Earl of Middleton Major-Gen E. of Calendar Lieâ—t Gen. Sir Marmaduke afterwards Lord Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave joyn Forces with them Col. Wogan revolts from the Parliament Col. Stuart 's saying on the Stool of Repentance Major-General Lambert opposeth Sir Marmaduke Langdale but forced to retreat Cromwel joyns with Lambert Preston Fight August 17. The Scots defeated Major-General Middleton taken Duke Hamilton flies Is taken by the Lord Gray of Grooby Monro coming to assist Hamilton but returns Cromwel marches into Scotland He is feasted by Argyle His policie in diâ—aâ—minâ— and disbanding the Scots Forces Sir Matthew Boynton Governor of Scarbrough for the King Major Lilburn seizeth Tinmouth Castle for the King It is resurprized for the Parliament The Castle stormed Lilburn and the Souldiers put to the Sword Colchester surrendred August 28. on hard terms Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle shot to death Aug. 28. Sir Bernard Gascoyn sentenced to be shot to death but reprieved The Londoners continue Neuters A Personal Treaty voted Jun. 30. Resolves That a Personal Treaty with the King be held at the Islâ— of Wight That a Committee be sent to his Majesty to acquaint him therewithal Earl of Middlesex Sir Io. Hippeâ—ley and John Bulkley Esq. delegated â—â— the Parliament to attend on the King His Majesties Answer to the two Houses of Parliament The King chearfully embraceth the overtâ—â—es of Peace Demands of the Parliament to recal those Votes and Orders
Windsor castle Th. Andrews Anth. Stapely Th. Horton Recruit to the Long Parl. John Fry a Yeoman of Dorsetshire an Arrian Thom. Hammond Bâ—other to Dr. Hammond the Kings Iaylor Isaac Pennington Lord Mayor of London Simon Meyne of Buckinghamshire died in the Tower Sir Hardress Waller a Souldier of Fortune Will Hâ—veningham Esq 〈◊〉 antient Family in Suffolk Henry Marten Owen Row a Silk-man of London Augustine Garland a person relating to the Law Henry Smith one of the Six Clerks in Chancery Robert Titchbourn Lord Mayor of London George Fleetwood James Temple Thomas Wait. Peter Temple a London Linneâ—-draper Bâ—â—gesâ— for Leicester Robert Lilburn Brother to John Lilburn Gilbert Millington a Lawyer Vincent Potter an upstart Member John Downs a Citizen of London and a Colonel Thomas Wogan an obscure person John Lisle a Gentleman and Lawyer President of several High Courts of Iustice. Will. Say Esq. a Lawyer and Deputy-speaker of the House of Commons Valentine Walton Brother in law to Cromwel and Governour of Lyn. Edward Whaley a Wollen-draper his Family of Nottinghamshire a good souldier Edm. Ludlow the son of a Traytor a daring souldier Sir Michael Livesey of Kent John Hewson a Shoo-maker dead in Exile a bold Commander Will. Goffe a Salters Apprentice and a bold Commander Cor. Holland a servant to Sir Hen. Vane Thomas Challoner a great speech-maker against the K. Will. Cawley a Brewer of Chichester Nic. Love son to Dr. Love of Winchester John Dixwel Governour of Dover Castle Daniel Blagrave a recruit for Reading Daniel Broughton a Clerk Edward Dendy Serjeant at Arms. John Hutchison fined Francis Lassels fined Lord Munson Ja Challoner Esq. Sir Hen. Mildmay Ro. Wallop Esq. Sir Ja Harrington and John Phelps their Estates Forfeited drawn to Tyburn and Imprisoned during life The High Court of Iustice sits Jan. 20. A crimson Velvet-chair and Cushion for the President Silence made the Hall-gate set open Col. Thomlinson commanded to bring his prisoner He is brought to the Bar a chair of crimson-Velvet set for him Silence made the Act for the Tryal of Charles Stuart King of England read The Names of the Commissioners read The Presidens speech to the King Cook Solicitor-General offers to speak is forbid by the King He proceeds The Charge read President demands the Kings Answer His Majesty refuseth to Answer and disowns the Authority of the Court. Proves his Title to the Crown by succession not Election Is prevented by the Presidents insolent rebukes Who urgeth for an Answer The King still refuseth demanding their Authority The President answers their Authority is Gods and the Kingdoms The Court riseth The head of the Kings staff falls down â—e stoops and takes it up Some cry God save the King others Iustice and Execution by Axtels directions The Court sits the King comes in the people shout Solicitor moves for the Kings Answer President insists upon it His Majesty still denies the Authority of the Court. Refuseth to plead and offers to shâ—w his Reasons Here the King would have delivered his Reasons but was not suffered His Majesty presseth to shew his Reasons but cannot be permitted He desires to Demur He is over-ruled by the Court and Interrupted The Cleâ—k reâ—d The Guards charged to take away their Prisoner The Court order the default and contempt to be Recorded The King guarded to Sir Ro. Cottons The Court adjourns The Court sits again The King comes The Sollicitor moves the Court for Iudgement The Presidents speech in behalf of the Court he demands a positive answer from the King His Majesty desires to speak for the Liberties of the people but is not permitted till he gives his Answer to Guilty or not Guilty 〈…〉 to give any particular answer desires 〈◊〉 to shew his Reasons is interrupted again and again The Clerk reads His Majesty justifies his proceedings and refuseth to Answer to the Charge The Guards ordered to take charge of their Prisoner The King goes forth and the Court adjourns His Majesties Reasons against the Iurisdiction of the Court which be intended to speak in Court but was hindered No proceeding just but what is warranted by the Laws of God or man No Impeachment can lie against the King The House of Commons cannot erect a Court of Iudicature Nor are the Membeâ—â— of this House Coâ—â—issioned by the people of England The Priviledges oâ—â—aâ—liameâ—t Violated The higher House excluded and the major part of the lower deterred from sitting The frame of Government chaâ—ged The Court sits Silence commanded The King comes the souldiers cry for Iustice. His Majesty desires to be heard but not permitted The Court withdraws Serejant at Arms withdraws the King The Court returns resolving to proceed The King brought into the Court he urgeth to be heard and adviseth the Court against a haâ—ty Iudgement The Presidents speech in defence of the Courts proceedings His Majesty is interrupted Silence commanded the Sentence read The Charge read The King required to give his Answer he refuseth The King guarded awaâ— He is abused by the Souldiers disturbed in his Devotions His admirable patience He desires to see his Children and Doctor Juxon The King tempted with new Proposals from some Grandees of the Army B. Juxon preacheth before him at Saint James ' s. His Maj. giveth his Blessing to the Duke of Gloucester and the Lady Elizabeth His pious advice to them The Duke of Gloucester 's reply The Lady Elizabeths Relation of what passed between his Majesty and her He adviseth her to read Bp. Andrew 's Sermons Hookers Policy and Bp. Laud against Fisher. A Committee appointed to consider of the time and place for Execution They agree upon the open street before White-hall the morrow following The Waâ—raâ—â— for the Kings Exâ—â—utâ—â—â— Sigâ—â—d by Joh. Bradshaw Tho Gray Ol. Cromwel 〈◊〉 to Col. Fâ— Hacker 〈◊〉 Hunks anâ— Liâ—â— Coâ—oâ—el â—hray Factious Ministers appointed to attend the King he refuseth to confer with them Bp. of London readeth prayers to him and administers the Sacrament The King brought to White-hall Mr. Seymor presents his Majesty with a Letter from the Prince The Kings friends â—arbarously uâ—â—d Engines to force the King 〈…〉 had â—â—sâ—ted His Majesty had â—ot spoâ—en bâ—t that â—therwise he might be thought to submit to the guilt Hâ— began not 〈◊〉 War spanâ— Hoâ—sâ—s His Majesâ—y lays not the 〈…〉 the two 〈◊〉 iâ—l â—â—struments the cauâ—e of it 〈…〉 Sentence puâ—â—shed with another His Majesty forgives all the world evâ—â— the caâ—sers 〈◊〉 his death 〈…〉 waâ— to Pâ—ace Conquest an ill way seldom 〈◊〉 To give God his due and the Kâ—ng his 〈◊〉 is the right way Give God his due in setâ—ing the Church As to the King it concerning 〈◊〉 hiâ— Majesty â—aves it Peoples Liberty consiâ—â—s in having Government not sâ—aring in it His Majesty the Martyr of the People His Majestie deâ—â—ares hâ—s Râ—ligioâ— * Afterwards Sir William Clerk The King makes ready for Execution Dr. Juxon comforts him It is known for to give it the Prince His Majesty
gives the Signal He is Executed The Corps committed to the care of his servants Carriâ—d to Windsor Some Lords get an order for the burial of the King They desire it might be in St. Gorge 's Chappel by Common-prayer are denyed They expostulate but prevail not Seeking a place for Burial they finde Hen. 8 's Vault The Funeral England had not been without Regal Government from the begininng It had change of Governours not change of Government The Royal race had continued 562 years in ouâ— Regality Now clouds aâ—â— darknâ—â—â— blackâ—ess and 〈…〉 Horrour and Amazemâ—nt 〈…〉 dissolution His Majesty might have lived very long The Prince abâ—â—â—t but in safety In the night of confusion Bats and Scritch-owles rule They make an Act forbidding the Proclamation of a King c. Jan. 30. A Proclamation thrown about streets The Procclamation They Vote the Exclusion of the Members the Army had secluded The House of Lords Voted useless Feb. 5. The protestation of the Nobility against it The Kingly Power Voted Useless Feb. 7. A Council of Sate in Force Iudges Commissioned They declare to preserve and maintain the Laws A new stamp for Coyn Voted Agents and Envoys designed to Forrain Princes The monthly Fast Nulled Several escapes of the Cavalier party viz. Col. Massey Sir Lewis Dives Mr Holden and Lord Capel the last of them betrayed by Davis a Water-man and retaken Lord Loughborough escapes from Windsor-Castle with several others The King at the Hague Feb. c. The Prince of Aâ—range a friend to the Royal Family Mr. Beaumont Executed at Pomfret Feb. 7. A new High Court of Iustice erected Duke Hamilton Earl of Holland Lorâ— Capel Trâ—ed by the High Court of Iustiâ—â— The Lord Capel ' s legal Defences The Lord Goring and Sir John Owen reprieved Dâ—ke Hamilton E. of Holland and Lord Capel beheaded Mar. 9. Other capital Delinquents in nomination As Sir John Stowell Iudge Jenkins and Cap. Brown Bushell Marq. of Winchester Bâ— Wren Ma. Gen Brown and Sir John Cloâ—worthy hardly escaping Several qualifications of Delinquents to life and Eâ—tate Tâ—e chief of whom were the Kings Majesty the D. of York E. of Britol D. of Buckingham Lord Digby Lord Cottington Marq of New-castle Marq of Worcester Sir Ed. Hide Lâ—rd Culpepeâ— and Lord Wâ—ddrington Secluded Members totally Excluded The Parliaments proceâ—dings in reference to the City Alderman Reynoldson the Lord Mayor outed and fined and Alderman Andrews one of the Kings Iudges placed in his stead He proclaims the Act for abolishing Kingly Government Sir Thomas Soams and Alderman Culham degraded Col. Poyer Executed April 25. Col. Laughorn and Col. Powel condemned Pomfret-Castle delivered Mar. 24 to Maj. Gen. Lambert John Lilburn and some of his party secured An account of the state of Scotland Charles the second proclaimed King at Edingburgh The English 〈◊〉 State tampers with the Scotch Parliament Sir Jos. Douglas is sent from the Scots to the King at the Hague Innerness seized for the King Lord 〈…〉 Lockier the Leveller shot to death in Saint Paul 's Church-yard Eleven Regiments designed by Cromwel for the Irish service Thompson a corneâ— with 2 Troâ—ps enters Northampton and declares his and the Armies resolution against that Expedition Several Regiments confederate in the same designe Cromwel by treachery surprizeth them Levellers defeated at Burford in May. Thompson and two more Executed Their Chieftain slain in Wellingborough wood Fairfax complemented at Oxford and treated at Dinner in the City of London They present Fairfax and Cromwel with Gold and Plate England made a Free-State Iune A new Mace made 4000 l. a year out of the D. of Buckinghams Estate given to Fairfax Lord Cottington's Estate to Bradshaw Several Acts to raise money Several Castles demolished A short account of the King at the Hague Salmasius 〈◊〉 in the Kings defenâ—e Is 〈◊〉 by Miltoâ— the likâ—wise answerâ— His Majâ—â—ties Meditations which Answer was since burned by the common Hang-maâ— The condition his Majâ—sty was in at the Hague Dr. Dorislaus their Envâ—r to the Estates General killed at the Hague May. Ascham their Envoy to Spain killed by one Sparks â—ho was therefore Executed King Charles the second departs for France Iune The King magnificently treated by the Arch-Duke The Dutchess of Savoy assignes him 50000 crowns per Ann. Duke of Gloucester and the Princess Eliz. at Penshurst with the Countess of Leicester The affairs of Ireland summed up together Note they taxed the King with what themselves were guilty Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Voted Lord-Governour of Ireland The Parl. Army hiâ—â— from Milford-Haven to Wales Cromwel lands at Dublin The State of the Kingdom â—f Ireâ—and The English Roman Catholikes declare for the King and desire the Marq. of Ormond may be their General An Association with O Neal by Sir Charles Coot and Col. Monke then in Arms for the Parliament The Câ—nfederates aâ—d the Lord Inchiqueens Forces do not brook one another thâ—y with the Marq. of Clanrickard and the E. of Castlehaven designe to reduce Dublin Lord Inchiqueen Lieâ— Gen. for the King O Neal joyns with the Independent party Col. Monke agrees with him O Neal Relieves London-Derry The ill consequence thereof to the Kings affairs The Marquess of Ormond comes before Dublin Aug. Sir Thomas Armstrong Col. Trevors and the Lord Moor declare for the King O Neal defeated Drogheda taken Dundalke surrendred to the King His Majâ—sties Presence most necessary and most desired in Ireland The Siege of Dublin by the Kings Forces Aug. Dublin Relieved by a sally the Forces of the Gairison made Aug. 22. The Marq of Ormond 〈…〉 Dâ—blin Aug. â— Sir William Vaughan 〈…〉 Wogan 〈◊〉 pâ—isoners Marq. oâ— Ormond â—akes Bâ—llâ—sannon for the Kiâ—g A â—ust deploration of this calamity O Neal relieveâ— Coot The Plaguâ— in the Loyal Provinces of Ireland The Marq. of Ormond not able to punish the cowardise and treachery of the Parties The Marq. of Ormond recruits his Forces Drogheda Garrisoned with the flower of the Army Sir Arthur Aston made Governour of Drogheda Col. Daniel O Neal Governour of Trim dispatched to treat with Owen O Neal. Sir Richard Barnwell and 〈◊〉 Nicholas Plunkett sent to assist him and conclude an Agreement Drogheda besieged by Cromwel The Masâ—â—â—â— at Drogheda Sir Arthur Aston c. kiliâ— Sep. 16. 3000 Souldiers put to Sword The Marquess of Ormond endeavours to strengthen other places Sir Edmund Butler Governour of Wexford for the K. It is besieged by Cromwel surprised and stormed 2000 put to the Sword Several Troops of the Lord Inchiqueens Revolt Luke 〈…〉 Rosâ—e 〈…〉 Rosâ—e surrâ—â—dred Litu Geâ— Farrâ—ll 〈…〉 of Oâ—mond Lord Inchiqueen 's Officers are treachâ—rour They are discovered and taken and no conditions Released Cromwel baâ—â—â—ed by Colonel Wogan at Duncannon Corke Youhall and all the English Towns of Munster revolt Lord Inchiqueen suspected accused by the Marq. of Antrim Carrick taken by Lieu. Gen. Jones The Marq. of Ormond deâ—â—â—â— to sight Cromwel Lieu. General Farrel made Governour of Waterford Cromwel
the Parliament did Barebone 's Parliament dissolved Dec. 12. Squib 's and Harrison 's Speeches upon this occasion in the House The Speaker resignes the Instrument The Protector Install's Dec. 16. The heads of the Module of Government The Protector 's Oath The Proclamation of the Protector Major-Gen Harrison and other Colonels disgust the Usurper The Anabaptists and Sectaries favoured by the Protector His Council The Dutch Embassadors have Audience Col. Lilburn chief Commander in Scotland He defeats the Royalists Col. Wogan slain Mortogh O Brian submits March Cromwel inclined to Friendship with the French The Frigats at Brest rove at Sea Serjeants at Law made The Dutch Peace The Protector Dines at Grocers-hall and Knights Alderman Viner Feb. 8 A Brick-bat flung at the Protectors Coach Gen. Monke sent by the Protector to Scotland to command in chief A Plot. Col. Gerrard c. seized Feb. Cromwel sends his Son Henry into Ireland Cromwel ensures himself Whitlock Embassador to Sweden owns the Protector Monsieur Burdeaux Embassador in Ordinary to the Protector Commissioners Nye c. for approbation of Ministers March Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited and all such concourses of people The Commission of the Great Seal altered Hannah Trapnel a Quaking Prophetess secured Scotch Estates sold. Gen. Monke proclaims Oliver at Edenburgh Arguile sides with the English A High Court of Iustice. Lisle President thereof Col. Gerrard and Vowel Executed July 10. Col. John Gerrard aâ—d the Portugal Embassador's Brother Beheaded July 10. Ships blown up neer London Bridge A short account of the Highland War The Earl of Glencarn submits to the English The Farewel to the Scotch War The King through Leige to the Spaw Cromwel falls from his Coach-box Mr. Scrugg's Counsellorâ— A Parliament and met Sep. 3. Cromwel's Speech Sâ—vera Orâ—â—nances pubâ—iâ—hed in Pâ—â—â—iament The designe on the West-Indies Sep. The Parl. Examine the Cases of the Lord Craven and Sir John Stawel The Duke of Gloucester with the King at Colen Gen. Blake a wary Commander Cromwel's Mother dieth and is Buried in State in Hen. 7th 's Chappel Mr. John Selden dyes Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland Steel Lord-Chancellour and Pepys Lord-Chief-Iustice The Cavaliers and Fifth-Monarchy-Plot Maj. Gen. Overton Col. Okey and other Officers Cashiered Overton Committed to the Tower The Kings designe discovered by Manning Sir Ralph Vernon Imprisoned Western Insurrection Sir Joseph Wagstaff Col. Penruddock and Grove at Salisbury The King Proclaimed at Blandford March Penruddock and Grove taken Sir Joseph Wagstaff escapes Manning shot in the Duke of Newburgh 's Country A terrable fire in Fleet-street London another at Abetsoyle in Scotland Major Wildman Committed The Chancery and Hackney-Coaches regulated A great fire in Thredneedle-street London Harris a great Châ—â—t Heresies and Sects Biddle a famous seducer Publisher of the Racovian Catechism The Turkish Alchoran Englished The three grand Impostors a seditious piece Hispaniola and Jamaica Expidition A suddâ—â— and strange Deâ—eat to the English They Rally And are again Defeated by the Spaniards Considerations of this defeat James Duke of Richmond dieth Windsor Knights The Tryal of Penruddock c. May. Six Condemned at Salisbury 26 at Exeter And sive at Chard Major Hunt 's handsome escape Transportation of Royalists June Iesuits Exiled Iudges Thorp and Newdigate lay down their Commissions Marquess De Lede in England Cromwel pretends to compassionate the Waldenses Mr. Moreland in Savoy Serj. Maynard c. to the Tower Porta Ferino fight Apr. 4. Nath. Fiennes made Cromwel 's Lord Privy-Seal Steel made Lord Chief-â—aron Lambert Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Glyn made Lord Chieâ—-Iustice Cromwel gives preserments to several Officers and others Sir Wil. Constable one of the Kings Iudges dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel A terrible fire at Lambeth The Nobility and Gentry of England secured An Agent from the Prince of Transilvania departs The King of Sweden in Poland A Swedish Embassador Hannum the infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes Pen returns and Venables Sept. King Charles at Frankfort He is honourably treated by the Prince Elector of Mentz Dury a Minister one of Cromwel 's Agents An Embassador from Venice complements Cromwel Arguile comes to kiss his Hands French peace concluded Octob. 24. The Royal Family of England Excluded The Spaniard declare a war with England The Loyal Clergie supprest â—â—omwel 〈◊〉 a new Authority Autâ—â—â—y Royalists forbid to wear Arms. Mr. Davison c. escapes at St. James's They kill a Souldier and are retaken are Indicted for Murther but found guilty onely of Man-slaughter Cromwel and the Jews treat about a Toleration Manasseh Ben Israel their Agent Note that it cost the people of England a whole fifteenth to get them expelled in Ed. r. Earl of Glencarn Prisoner in Edenborough 23 persons killed by the fall of Spalding Abbey Sir Tho Ashcock cut his Throat Sir Thomas Wortley killed A Stationers Servant in Fleet-street hangeth himself Colonel Granthamson killed The Bp. of Armagh dieth Cromwel allowes 200 l. towards his Funeral Thames Ebbe and flow twice in two hours Sir George Sonds his two unfortunate Sons the one â—illing the other and â—s 〈◊〉 for it A rencounter at Sea Maj. General Worsley dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel Wrestling in Moor-fields forbid Hannam the great Thief Hanged A great fire at St. Johnstons in Scotland A Committee appointed for inspection of Charters Gloucester Cathedral a School-house and Church Cromwel 's designe in setting up the Maj. Generals first to awe Elections The awe of Elections to Parliament Mr. Villiers changeth his Name by patent to Danvers The Parliament met Dr. Owen Preacheth before the Protector Exclusion of Membâ—rs thrâ— Parliament Sir Thomas Widdrington chosen Speaker The King's Title to the Crown annuled A Bill for the Protector 's safety The Paâ—l promise to assist him againâ—t the Spaniards The Plate-ships taken by Capt. Stayner Sep. Marq. of Badajox one of the King of Spain 's Governours killed The Parliament appoint a day of Thanksgiving The King of Portugal dies James Naylor the Quaker appears He pâ—â—sonates our Saviour He is sentenced to stand twice in the Pillory to be twice whipt to be Stigmatized and to be Bored through the Tongue Lambert appears in his behalf The King at Bruges Several Prisoners released Sindercomb 's Plot. The Parliament congratulates Cromwel 's deliverance The Contents of the Speaker's Speech Syndercombe Condemned at the Kings-Bench by Iustice Glyn. He is sent to the Tower and the night before his Execution found dead He is buried under the Scaffold at Tower-hill a Stake being driven through his Body The Parliament dine with the Protector Jan. Alderman Pack motions Cromwel for King The Peace with Portugal Proclaimed Sir Thomas Widdrington commends the Title and Office of a King Cromwel courted to accept it The Ld. Whitlock's Speech to the Protector The Protector 's Speech to the Parliament concerning the Title of King Lambert turned off Fifth-Monarchy Plot. One Machlin 〈◊〉 in his Age. The
Lead was delivered chiefly to the care of four of his Servants viz. Mr. Herbert Captain Anthony Mildmay his Sewers Captain Preston and Iohn Ioyner formerly Cook to his Majesty they attended with others clothed in Mourning â—utes and Cloaks accompanied the Herse that night to Windsor and placed it in hâ—t which was formerly the Kings Bed-chamber next day it was removed into the Deans Hall which Room was hanged with black and made dark with Lights burning round the Herse in which it remained till three in the afternoon about which time came the Duke of Lenox the Marquess of Hertford the Marquess of Dorchester and the Earl of Lyndsey having obtained an Order from the Parliament for the decent Interment of the King their Royal Master provided the expence thereof exceeded not five hundred pounds At their coming into the Castle they shewed their Order of Parliament to Colonel Whichcot Governour of the Castle desiring the Interment might be in Saint George's Chappel and by the form in the Common-prayer-Book of the Church of England This request was by the Governour denyed saying it was improbable that the Parliament would permit the use of what they had so solemnly abolished and therein destroy their own Act. To which the Lords replyed There was a difference betwixt destroying their own Act and dispensing with it and that no Power so binds its own hands as to disable it self in some Cases But all could not prevail the Governour persisting in the search of a convenient place for the Burial of the Corps the which after some pains taken therein they discovered a Vault in the middle of the Quire wherein as it was probably conjectured lyeth the body of King Henry the eighth and his beloved Wife the Lady Iane Seymor both in Coffins of Lead in this Vault there being room for one more they resolved to interre the Body of the King the which was accordingly brought to the place born by the Officers of the Garrison the four Corners of the Velvet Pall born up by the aforesaid four Lords the Lord Bishop of London following next and other persons of Quality the Body was committed to the Earth with sighs and Tears especially of the Reverend Bishop as denyed to do the last Duty and Service to his Dear and Royal Master the Velvet Pall being cast into the Vault was laid over the Body Upon the Coffin were these words set KING CHARLES 1648. All Elegies are useless and in vain While Charles the Second shall be King again No learned Grief can tell the Church and State What Heaven conceals in this blest Martyrs Fate Fortune may play with Scepters for a time Yet make the Peoples Liberty their Crime A CHRONICLE OF THE CIVIL WARS OF ENGLAND SCOTLAND and IRELAND THE SECOND PART BEING The Democracie THe Scepter had not departed from Great Britain nor had the Imperial Majesty of England been ever darkned or in any part so Eclipsed since the Nation first Inhabited the Island which is beyond the computation of any History Regnum Britanniae principio Regis habuere was an original and constant truth through innumerable successions nor did it ever vary in the most difficult perplexities of whatsoever Revolutions Indeed Monarchy was so congenerous with the People and Inhabitants of this Island that civil Fortune when she had given up the rest of the world to the potent Arms of Romes Senate and that victorious Commonwealth for Caesar had Conquered France and Spain as a General in their service yet reserved us to be the infallible next and immediate Omen of his future Empire when he parted hence with a resolved and facilitated Ambition of seizing the universal Soveraignty and 't is observable that the Britains were never taken into the protection of the Senate and people of Rome but of Caesar onely After the decay of that Empire we changed our Governours onely not the Government which in our British Saxon and Danish Rule was one and the same save that it was divided into several Principalities under the Heptarchy and afterwards parted among the Invading Potentates until the Norman Line successfully grasped all and united the whole Realm of England under one entire Regality In this Royal race the Crown had continued 562 years and though some of those Princes had been dispossessed and outed of the Throne yet was it but transferred to another proprietor changed onely the Temples that it might sit faster and easier and with more spreading splendor shew its self to the World Of such a veneration was the Royal right always esteemed that the Laws placed it beyond the power of Fate and made it the supreme sanction that the King never Dieth like the Sun in his Glorious Orb that perpetually shires though our interposed sight conceives him benighted Moritur Oritur In the sâ—me instance and moment he sets and riseth But oh the thick gloominess those dismal Clouds that palpable Darkness which enveloped the setting of this our Martyr'd Soveraign The Face of the Kingdom gathered blackness and we seemed to have returned to our first Chaâ—s nothing of Order Frame or Constitution remaining to be seen If we lâ—oked upwards the incensed Heavens had vailed themselves from beholding this Impiety if upon our selves our stupified senses and our despairing looks gave sâ—gnes Humanity was fled and Nature could not long continue if round about us the reproaches and derision of the world and the affronts and impudence of these flagitious Regicides pointing at and deriding us for our disloyal cowardise sharpned those stings of Conscience and made us seek Soliâ—udes and wish for a total dissolution If downwards the mournful Earth gaped for vengeance and represented us the infernal Tomb of less wicked Rebels Corah and his Tribe Nothing but horrour and amazement possest us Hope abandoned us Women miscarried and died Young people made vows of abstinence and perpetual chastity Old Mens spirits â—aiâ—ed them and they gave up the Ghost Children wept and lamented by a natural instinct for this Father of their Country an universal out-cry there was to Heaven for help and mercy those whose stronger hearts could not presently yield felt such Convulsions within them as if they were in travel with grief and knew not how to be delivered of their unwieldy burden In fine shame and anguish laid hold upon us and our Glory departed No less extasies of grief could serve to shew how sensible we were of the dissolution of that Political Machine which had so long and so happily conserved our Honour our Lives and our Liberties wherein the Princes Prerogative and the Subjects Propriety so harmoniously moved without the least jar and discordance for so many hundred of years till our unhappy Reformers took too much upon them and would be tampering with that Noli me Tangere the sacred and not to be profaned right of Princes boldly distinguiâ—â—ing betwixt the personal and political capacity of the King and so