the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n against_o the_o pretend_a power_n of_o imposition_n maintain_v by_o a_o argument_n in_o parliament_n ano._n 7o._o jacob_n 1_o regis_n by_o william_n hakewil_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n esq_n london_n print_v by_o r._n h._n an._n dom._n 1641._o to_o the_o reader_n be_v very_o sensible_a of_o a_o great_a injury_n late_o do_v i_o by_o the_o extreme_a false_a print_n of_o a_o small_a treatise_n of_o my_o compose_v steal_v out_o without_o my_o consent_n and_o hear_v accidental_o that_o some_o part_n of_o this_o also_o have_v pass_v the_o press_n i_o think_v good_a for_o the_o prevent_n of_o the_o like_a wrong_n to_o stay_v the_o forwardness_n of_o the_o printer_n until_o i_o have_v review_v and_o correct_v it_o by_o my_o own_o note_n for_o my_o part_n i_o shall_v have_v be_v content_v altogether_o to_o have_v restrain_v it_o if_o i_o may_v but_o now_o see_v it_o must_v abroad_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v ashamed_a to_o let_v it_o bear_v my_o name_n and_o own_o the_o error_n of_o it_o myself_o those_o of_o the_o press_n except_v though_o heretofore_o it_o have_v gain_v so_o much_o reputation_n by_o some_o as_o it_o be_v attribute_v to_o a_o worthy_a author_n some_o there_o be_v yet_o survive_v that_o hear_v this_o argument_n about_o thirty_o year_n since_o in_o the_o commons-house_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o have_v now_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o the_o probable_a proportion_n of_o a_o speech_n or_o argument_n by_o the_o insertion_n of_o many_o record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n more_o at_o large_a which_o at_o the_o delivery_n of_o it_o be_v but_o mere_o quote_v the_o endeavour_n of_o it_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o just_a prerogative_n of_o our_o king_n never_o warrant_v they_o to_o raise_v money_n at_o their_o pleasure_n by_o lay_v a_o charge_n on_o merchandise_n to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o settle_a law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o precedent_n of_o former_a age_n the_o act_n of_o our_o most_o necessitous_a and_o powerful_a prince_n and_o indeed_o every_o thing_n requisite_a to_o make_v the_o truth_n apparent_a do_v as_o it_o be_v unanimous_o consent_v to_o discharge_v we_o of_o this_o unjust_a and_o heavy_a burden_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v herein_o how_o the_o policy_n of_o active_a prince_n have_v by_o many_o way_n attempt_v to_o undermine_v those_o fortification_n which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n have_v raise_v to_o maintain_v themselves_o from_o this_o kind_n of_o assault_n you_o shall_v see_v with_o how_o great_a difficulty_n their_o prevail_a be_v withstand_v and_o which_o be_v the_o glory_n of_o truth_n you_o shall_v find_v those_o design_n which_o be_v lay_v to_o overthrow_v our_o right_n main_o to_o make_v for_o the_o evidence_n and_o confirmation_n of_o it_o for_o whatever_o unjust_a imposition_n be_v either_o exact_v by_o a_o pretend_a lawfullnesse_n or_o set_v up_o by_o a_o command_a power_n be_v by_o complaint_n in_o parliament_n present_o follow_v take_v down_o and_o remain_v on_o record_n as_o witness_n against_o themselves_o unlawful_a and_o against_o our_o liberty_n these_o reason_n and_o argument_n of_o i_o how_o mean_a soever_o those_o time_n wherein_o i_o urge_v they_o accept_v favourable_o and_o since_o in_o their_o private_a passage_n in_o manuscript_n be_v entertain_v in_o many_o judicious_a hand_n which_o make_v i_o somewhat_o enlarge_v the_o conceit_n that_o before_o i_o have_v of_o they_o and_o now_o see_v necessity_n enforce_v i_o to_o make_v they_o more_o public_a i_o must_v adventure_v they_o to_o the_o censure_n of_o these_o nice_a time_n beneficial_a happy_o they_o may_v be_v to_o some_o prejudicial_a i_o hope_v to_o none_o in_o which_o confidence_n have_v the_o leave_n of_o authority_n they_o have_v likewise_o my_o leave_n to_o go_v abroad_o vale._n w._n h._n the_o content_n 1_o that_o there_o be_v ever_o some_o custom_n due_a to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o common-law_n folio_fw-la 6._o 2_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sum_n certain_a by_o the_o common-law_n folio_fw-la 10._o 3_o that_o all_o the_o revenue_n which_o the_o common_a law_n give_v to_o the_o king_n out_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a be_v certain_a or_o reduceable_a to_o a_o certainty_n by_o some_o legal_a course_n and_o none_o leave_v to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n folio_fw-la 11._o 4_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o law_n require_v such_o certainty_n in_o those_o revenue_n which_o the_o king_n have_v out_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a folio_fw-la 12._o 5_o example_n of_o revenue_n give_v by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o the_o king_n out_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o that_o they_o be_v all_o certain_a folio_fw-la 13._o 6_o answer_n to_o a_o objection_n that_o the_o king_n may_v lay_v imposition_n upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n folio_fw-la 21._o 7_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o action_n of_o our_o king_n that_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o impose_v folio_fw-la 25._o 8_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o forbearance_n of_o our_o king_n to_o lay_v imposition_n notwithstanding_o their_o urgent_a occasion_n folio_fw-la 34._o 9_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o precedent_n urge_v of_o imposition_n lay_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o those_o which_o be_v now_o lay_v folio_fw-la 29._o 10_o a_o particular_a answer_n to_o the_o imposition_n of_o 3_o in_o the_o pound_n lay_v upon_o merchant-stranger_n by_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31_o ed._n 1._o folio_fw-la 42_o 43._o 11_o the_o urgent_a occasion_n which_o ed_n 2._o have_v to_o lay_v imposition_n and_o yet_o how_o he_o forbear_v folio_fw-la 48._o 12_o the_o several_a policy_n use_v by_o ed_n 3._o for_o the_o introduce_v of_o the_o power_n of_o impose_v 1._o imposition_n take_v by_o colour_n of_o a_o voluntary_a grant_n from_o merchant_n folio_n 49._o 2_o by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n wiih_o penal_a law_n folio_n 59_o 3_o by_o way_n of_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n folio_n 61._o 4_o by_o colour_n of_o a_o loane_n by_o merchant_n folio_n 64._o 5_o by_o grant_n of_o merchant_n for_o liberty_n grant_v to_o they_o folio_n 65._o 6_o by_o express_v and_o direct_a commandment_n folio_fw-la 66._o with_o several_a answer_n to_o all_o these_o several_a way_n 13_o in_o what_o statute_n imposition_n be_v mention_v after_o edw._n 3._o time_n until_o qu._n mary_n and_o upon_o what_o occasion_n and_o how_o to_o be_v interpret_v folio_fw-la 73._o 14_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n imposition_n toll_n maletolt_n custuma_n &_o consuetudo_fw-la magna_fw-la &_o parva_fw-la folio_fw-la 73_o 103._o 15_o no_o imposition_n lay_v from_o edw._n 3._o time_n till_o qu._n mary_n folio_fw-la 78._o 16_o what_o urgent_a occasion_n all_o the_o king_n from_o edw._n 3._o till_o qu._n mary_n time_n have_v to_o lay_v imposition_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o rich._n 2._o f._n 79._o hen._n 4._o f._n 82._o hen._n 5._o f._n 84._o hen_n 6._o f._n 85._o edw._n 4._o f._n 85._o hen._n 7._o f._n 86._o hen_n 8._o f._n 89._o edw._n 6_o f_o 92._o with_o a_o corolary_n of_o all_o those_o time_n and_o occasion_n folio_fw-la 92._o 17_o the_o imposition_n lay_v by_o q._n mary_n and_o how_o answer_v folio_fw-la 93._o 18_o admit_v the_o king_n have_v power_n by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o lay_v imposition_n yet_o how_o they_o be_v bar_v by_o statute_n folio_fw-la 98._o 19_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o urge_v against_o imposition_n and_o the_o objection_n make_v against_o it_o answer_v 1_o objection_n that_o it_o extend_v only_o to_o merchant-stranger_n f._n 100_o 2_o that_o it_o be_v make_v only_o against_o tax_n within_o the_o land_n f._n 101._o 3_o that_o by_o the_o exception_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v salve_v folio_fw-la 111._o 20_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la urge_v with_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o objection_n make_v thereunto_o folio_n 113._o the_o exposition_n of_o the_o word_n tallage_n aid_n subsidy_n folio_fw-la 112_o 114._o 21_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o ed._n 1._o cap._n 7._o urge_v against_o imposition_n and_o clear_v from_o objection_n 1_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o excess_n of_o impositition_n and_o not_o against_o the_o right_n f._n 115_o 116._o 2_o that_o it_o be_v only_o against_a imposition_n on_o wool_n folio_fw-la 118._o 22_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 21._o urge_v against_o imposition_n and_o clear_v from_o objection_n 1_o that_o it_o extend_v only_o to_o imposition_n within_o the_o land_n and_o not_o upon_o merchandize_n with_o a_o exposition_n of_o the_o word_n charge_n folio_fw-la 118_o 121._o 23_o answer_n to_o the_o reason_n urge_v in_o maintenance_n of_o imposition_n 1_o that_o because_o it_o can_v appear_v that_o the_o ancient_a custom_n be_v set_v by_o parliament_n therefore_o they_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o king_n folio_n
require_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sovereign_n protection_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o subject_a against_o all_o wrong_n and_o injury_n whatsoever_o offer_v either_o by_o one_o subject_a to_o another_o or_o by_o the_o common_a enemy_n to_o they_o all_o or_o any_o of_o they_o this_o protection_n the_o law_n consider_v can_v be_v without_o a_o great_a charge_n to_o the_o king_n and_o because_o as_o christ_n say_v no_o man_n go_v to_o war_n upon_o his_o own_o charge_n the_o common-law_n therefore_o have_v not_o only_o give_v the_o king_n great_a prerogative_n and_o favour_n touch_v his_o own_o patrimony_n more_o i_o believe_v than_o any_o other_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n have_v but_o also_o have_v for_o the_o sustentation_n of_o his_o great_a and_o necessary_a expense_n in_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o subject_n give_v he_o out_o of_o the_o interest_n and_o property_n of_o the_o subject_a a_o ample_a and_o very_o honourable_a revenue_n in_o very_a many_o particular_a case_n some_o of_o which_o i_o will_v call_v to_o your_o remembrance_n he_o receive_v out_o of_o the_o subject_n purse_n for_o wardship_n and_o the_o dependence_n thereupon_o as_o we_o have_v of_o late_o account_v about_o forty_o five_o thousand_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n this_o be_v a_o revenue_n which_o no_o other_o king_n of_o the_o world_n have_v and_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o it_o ought_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n and_o so_o doubtless_o be_v the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o lord_n have_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o ward_n land_n to_o no_o other_o end_n than_o to_o maintain_v a_o man_n in_o the_o war_n during_o the_o infancy_n of_o he_o who_o otherwise_o shall_v serve_v in_o person_n he_o have_v likewise_o all_o forfeiture_n upon_o treason_n and_o outlawry_n and_o upon_o penal_a law_n fine_n and_o amerciament_n profit_n of_o court_n treasure-trove_a prisage_n butlerage_n wreck_n and_o so_o many_o more_o as_o the_o very_a enumeration_n of_o the_o particular_n will_v take_v up_o long_a time_n to_o what_o other_o end_n have_v the_o common-law_n thus_o provide_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n charge_n by_o all_o these_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o raise_v profit_n out_o of_o the_o interest_n and_o property_n of_o the_o subject_n estate_n in_o land_n and_o good_n but_o only_o to_o this_o end_n that_o after_o these_o duty_n pay_v the_o poor_a subject_n may_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o estate_n to_o his_o own_o use_n free_a and_o clear_a from_o all_o other_o burden_n whatsoever_o to_o what_o end_n have_v the_o law_n give_v a_o part_n to_o the_o king_n and_o leave_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o subject_a if_o that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v also_o at_o the_o king_n will_v to_o make_v his_o profit_n thereof_o as_o he_o please_v to_o give_v a_o small_a portion_n to_o he_o that_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n take_v more_o or_o all_o be_v a_o vain_a and_o a_o idle_a act_n which_o shall_v never_o be_v impute_v to_o a_o wise_a law_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o as_o the_o revenue_n be_v ordinary_a occasion_n answer_v to_o a_o objection_n that_o the_o king_n may_v lay_v imposition_n in_o time_n of_o extraordinary_a occasion_n so_o be_v they_o by_o the_o law_n provide_v only_o for_o the_o susteyn_v of_o the_o king_n ordinary_a charge_n and_o that_o if_o the_o law_n have_v not_o take_v further_o consideration_n and_o limit_v some_o certain_a course_n how_o upon_o sudden_a and_o extraordinary_a occasion_n the_o king_n charge_n may_v be_v sustain_v that_o there_o be_v yet_o no_o reason_n show_v to_o the_o contrary_a why_o the_o king_n may_v not_o upon_o such_o occasion_n take_v some_o extraordinary_a course_n for_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n as_o by_o the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n or_o by_o a_o tax_n within_o the_o realm_n rather_o than_o the_o common_a wealth_n for_o want_v thereof_o shall_v perish_v or_o be_v endanger_v hitcham_n sir_n robert_n hitcham_n and_o hereupon_o by_o the_o knight_n that_o last_o speak_v it_o be_v hold_v that_o upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a war_n the_o king_n may_v not_o only_o lay_v imposition_n but_o levy_v a_o tax_n within_o the_o realm_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n which_o position_n in_o my_o opinion_n be_v very_o dangerous_a for_o to_o admit_v this_o be_v by_o consequence_n to_o bring_v we_o into_o bondage_n you_o say_v that_o upon_o occasion_n of_o sudden_a war_n the_o king_n may_v levy_v a_o tax_n who_o shall_v be_v judge_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n of_o the_o occasion_n can_v it_o be_v try_v by_o any_o legal_a course_n in_o our_o law_n it_o can_v if_o then_o the_o king_n himself_o must_v be_v the_o sole_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n will_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o the_o king_n may_v levy_v a_o tax_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n see_v his_o pleasure_n can_v be_v bound_v by_o law_n you_o see_v into_o what_o a_o mischief_n the_o admittance_n of_o one_o error_n have_v draw_v you_o but_o for_o a_o full_a answer_n to_o the_o objection_n i_o say_v that_o the_o providence_n of_o the_o common-law_n be_v such_o and_o so_o excellent_a as_o that_o for_o the_o defray_n of_o the_o king_n charge_v upon_o any_o occasion_n of_o a_o sudden_a war_n it_o have_v over_o and_o above_o all_o the_o ordinary_a revenue_n which_o it_o give_v the_o king_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n can_v indeed_o but_o fall_n short_a make_v a_o excellent_a provision_n for_o sir_n the_o war_n must_v needs_o be_v either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a offensive_a must_v either_o be_v upon_o some_o nation_n beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o against_o the_o scot_n or_o welsh_a or_o other_o borderer_n within_o the_o island_n if_o it_o be_v a_o offensive_a war_n upon_o some_o nation_n beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o can_v be_v a_o sudden_a accident_n for_o it_o be_v the_o king_n own_o act_n and_o he_o may_v and_o it_o be_v fit_v he_o shall_v take_v deliberation_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o just_a and_o necessary_a war_n he_o may_v crave_v and_o easy_o obtain_v assistance_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o grant_n of_o aid_n in_o parliament_n if_o a_o offensive_a war_n upon_o some_o of_o his_o neighbour_n within_o the_o continent_n of_o this_o island_n as_o the_o scot_n or_o the_o welsh_a which_o also_o can_v be_v sudden_a or_o unexpected_a to_o the_o king_n be_v his_o own_o act_n you_o know_v how_o politic_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v provide_v by_o reserve_v tenor_n by_o which_o many_o of_o their_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v they_o in_o those_o war_n in_o person_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n only_o a_o defensive_a war_n by_o invasion_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n may_v be_v sudden_a in_o which_o case_n the_o law_n have_v not_o leave_v the_o king_n to_o war_n upon_o his_o own_o expense_n or_o to_o rely_v upon_o his_o ordinary_a revenue_n but_o have_v notable_o provide_v that_o every_o subject_a within_o the_o land_n high_a and_o low_a whether_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o not_o in_o case_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n may_v be_v compel_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o person_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o justice_n thirm_v in_o 7_o h._n 4._o the_o reason_n of_o which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v to_o no_o other_o end_n than_o that_o the_o king_n may_v have_v no_o pretence_n whatsoever_o for_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n upon_o his_o subject_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n without_o their_o common_a assent_n in_o parliament_n i_o do_v then_o conclude_v this_o argument_n that_o see_v the_o common-law_n for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n ordinary_a charge_n have_v give_v he_o such_o a_o ample_a revenue_n out_o of_o the_o interest_n and_o property_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o provide_v also_o for_o sudden_a occasion_n that_o in_o so_o do_v it_o have_v seclude_v and_o secure_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o subject_n estate_n from_o the_o king_n power_n and_o pleasure_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o power_n upon_o any_o occasion_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o charge_v the_o estate_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o imposition_n tallage_n or_o tax_n for_o i_o hold_v they_o all_o in_o one_o degree_n or_o any_o other_o burden_n whatsoever_o without_o the_o subject_n free_a and_o voluntary_a assent_n and_o that_o in_o parliament_n if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o you_o see_v how_o it_o be_v to_o the_o utter_a dissolution_n and_o destruction_n of_o that_o politic_a frame_n &_o constitution_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n which_o i_o have_v open_v unto_o you_o and_o of_o that_o excellent_a wise_a providence_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o preserve_n of_o property_n and_o the_o avoidance_n of_o oppression_n these_o two_o argument_n use_v by_o i_o that_o
king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v open_v they_o and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v answer_v and_o in_o regard_n thereof_o he_o may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v i_o answer_v i._o that_o the_o position_n that_o all_o the_o port_n be_v the_o king_n be_v not_o general_o true_a for_o subject_n may_v also_o be_v owner_n of_o port_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 3._o e._n 1._o m._n 1._o parl._n where_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o king_n ed._n 1._o grant_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o port_n town_n the_o forfeiture_n grant_v to_o he_o by_o parliament_n for_o not_o due_o pay_v the_o new_a custom_n of_o the_o demy-marke_a within_o every_o several_a port_n of_o they_o where_o the_o merchandize_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v import_v or_o export_v but_o admit_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o position_n yet_o be_v the_o consequence_n as_o weak_a and_o dangerous_a as_o of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o argument_n for_o be_v not_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o all_o the_o street_n and_o highway_n in_o england_n the_o king_n and_o as_o much_o subject_n to_o be_v open_a or_o shut_v at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o the_o port_n be_v nay_o whensoever_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o highway_n in_o any_o law_n business_n we_o call_v it_o via_fw-la regius_fw-la the_o king_n highway_n and_o the_o king_n in_o his_o commission_n speak_v of_o london_n or_o any_o other_o city_n call_v it_o civitas_n nostra_fw-la london_n or_o civitas_n nostra_fw-la exon_n do_v it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o the_o king_n may_v lay_v imposition_n upon_o every_o man_n or_o upon_o all_o commodity_n that_o shall_v pass_v through_o any_o of_o these_o place_n nay_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o king_n own_o house_n for_o the_o purpose_n his_o palace_n of_o westminster_n be_v his_o in_o a_o far_o near_a degree_n than_o any_o of_o these_o may_v he_o therefore_o by_o his_o proclamation_n impose_v upon_o every_o man_n that_o shall_v pass_v in_o or_o out_o at_o westminster_n hall_n door_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n doubtless_o he_o may_v not_o because_o the_o king_n be_v a_o person_n public_a and_o his_o subject_n ought_v to_o have_v access_n to_o he_o as_o to_o the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n sit_v by_o his_o authority_n i_o make_v little_a doubt_n but_o his_o majesty_n may_v upon_o just_a occasion_n cause_n any_o of_o these_o passage_n to_o be_v shut_v as_o he_o may_v also_o the_o passage_n at_o the_o havens_n but_o when_o the_o passage_n may_v without_o danger_n to_o the_o state_n be_v open_a and_o that_o the_o subject_n may_v pass_v his_o majesty_n may_v not_o then_o exact_a money_n for_o their_o passage_n for_o the_o law_n have_v give_v the_o king_n power_n over_o these_o thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o not_o thereby_o to_o charge_n and_o burden_v the_o subject_a if_o the_o king_n may_v not_o exact_a money_n for_o passage_n in_o and_o out_o of_o 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for_o they_o and_o many_o the_o like_a charge_n be_v the_o king_n by_o the_o law_n to_o undergo_v for_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o merchant_n it_o be_v reason_n therefore_o that_o his_o expense_n be_v defraied_a out_o of_o the_o profit_n make_v by_o merchant_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n a_o moderate_a charge_n thereby_o to_o repay_v himself_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v thus_o far_o true_a the_o law_n expect_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v protect_v merchant_n therefore_o it_o allow_v he_o out_o of_o merchandise_n a_o revenue_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o charge_n which_o be_v the_o old_a custom_n due_a as_o at_o first_o i_o say_v by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o it_o be_v no_o good_a consequence_n answer_v the_o five_o argument_n that_o all_o foreign_a prince_n have_v power_n to_o impose_v and_o if_o our_o king_n have_v not_o the_o like_a it_o may_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o this_o state_n answer_v that_o therefore_o he_o may_v take_v what_o he_o listen_v no_o more_o than_o he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n increase_v that_o old_a revenue_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o for_o protect_v of_o subject_n in_o their_o suit_n or_o for_o protect_a ward_n etc._n etc._n another_o argument_n of_o they_o be_v this_o all_z other_z prince_n of_o the_o world_n may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o so_o may_v make_v our_o merchandize_n less_o vendible_a with_o they_o by_o lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o they_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o we_o when_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o territory_n whereby_o their_o own_o commodity_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n may_v be_v sell_v more_o to_o the_o gain_n of_o their_o merchant_n and_o our_o merchant_n impoverish_v or_o drive_v from_o his_o trade_n they_o may_v also_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o our_o merchant_n fetch_v commodity_n from_o thence_o and_o leave_v their_o own_o merchant_n free_a from_o any_o imposition_n in_o the_o same_o case_n by_o which_o their_o merchant_n shall_v reap_v all_o the_o profit_n by_o that_o commodity_n in_o afford_v it_o better_a cheap_a to_o we_o here_o than_o we_o can_v fetch_v it_o and_o consequent_o our_o merchant_n shall_v be_v undo_v many_o the_o like_a case_n have_v be_v put_v to_o prove_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v not_o impose_v as_o other_o prince_n may_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o destroy_v our_o trade_n this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o same_o as_o now_o it_o be_v during_o all_o that_o time_n from_o ed._n 3._o till_o queen_n mary_n and_o doubtless_o it_o can_v not_o but_o sometime_o during_o that_o long_a space_n so_o fall_v out_o that_o foreign_a prince_n do_v put_v their_o power_n in_o practice_n to_o our_o prejudice_n and_o yet_o we_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o imposition_n lay_v by_o any_o of_o our_o king_n by_o their_o absolute_a power_n which_o may_v give_v any_o man_n assurance_n that_o they_o take_v some_o other_o course_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o in_o deed_n the_o mean_n be_v divers_a which_o these_o our_o king_n use_v to_o prevent_v it_o first_o they_o be_v careful_a in_o all_o their_o league_n and_o treaty_n with_o foreign_a prince_n special_o to_o provide_v for_o it_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o league_n of_o late_a time_n that_o have_v not_o have_v a_o article_n for_o provision_n in_o this_o point_n which_o league_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v upon_o oath_n on_o both_o part_n and_o yet_o for_o further_a security_n our_o king_n have_v always_o have_v ambassador_n resident_a in_o the_o court_n of_o such_o foreign_a prince_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o league_n if_o upon_o any_o occasion_n our_o merchant_n have_v in_o that_o case_n happen_v to_o be_v never_o so_o little_o wrong_v by_o they_o &_o if_o upon_o complaint_n of_o the_o ambassador_n our_o merchant_n have_v not_o find_v redress_n our_o king_n have_v hold_v the_o league_n as_o break_v and_o denounce_v war_n or_o seize_v all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o same_o prince_n subject_n within_o england_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v there_o have_v be_v more_o war_n undertake_v by_o our_o prince_n against_o foreign_a nation_n only_o for_o this_o cause_n then_o for_o any_o one_o other_o cause_n whatsoever_o beside_o our_o king_n have_v in_o this_o case_n sometime_o make_v use_n of_o that_o their_o prerogative_n of_o restraint_n either_o by_o prohibit_v our_o merchant_n from_o carry_v our_o commodity_n into_o those_o part_n where_o they_o be_v charge_v with_o imposition_n that_o so_o by_o the_o want_n of_o our_o commodity_n foreign_a prince_n may_v be_v enforce_v to_o abate_v their_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o they_o or_o by_o restrain_v the_o merchant_n of_o foreign_a prince_n to_o import_v or_o export_v commodity_n from_o hence_o by_o which_o mean_v foreign_a prince_n have_v be_v compel_v to_o deal_v favourable_o with_o our_o merchant_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o own_o subject_n all_o these_o be_v lawful_a and_o ordinary_a mean_n to_o prevent_v or_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v grow_v by_o the_o imposition_n of_o other_o prince_n if_o all_o these_o ordinary_a mean_n shall_v happen_v to_o fail_v which_o can_v hardly_o so_o fall_v out_o and_o that_o the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n be_v indeed_o the_o only_a mean_n that_o be_v leave_v to_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n why_o shall_v not_o that_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o well_o in_o these_o time_n as_o it_o be_v in_o 7._o h._n 7._o cap._n 7._o to_o take_v down_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n upon_o a_o but_o of_o malmsey_n impose_v by_o the_o venetian_n and_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o queen_n eliz._n the_o 19_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n to_o prevent_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n by_o foreign_a prince_n upon_o saltfish_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o print_a statute_n of_o 19_o eliz._n cap._n 10._o but_o as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o providence_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o ordinary_a power_n of_o restraint_n may_v very_o well_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n make_v in_o maintenance_n of_o imposition_n the_o weakness_n of_o they_o and_o their_o dangerous_a consequence_n you_o can_v but_o perceive_v for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n tax_n within_o the_o land_n may_v be_v as_o well_o prove_v to_o be_v lawful_a on_o the_o contrary_a part_n you_o have_v hear_v the_o reason_n against_o imposition_n fortify_v by_o many_o record_n and_o statute_n in_o the_o point_n so_o as_o i_o conclude_v that_o imposition_n neither_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n or_o other_o the_o great_a necessity_n or_o occasion_n that_o may_v be_v much_o less_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n neither_o upon_o foreign_a nor_o inland_n commodity_n of_o whatsoever_o nature_n be_v they_o never_o so_o superfluous_a or_o unnecessary_a neither_o upon_o merchant_n stranger_n nor_o denizen_n may_v be_v lay_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v it_o for_o never_o so_o short_a a_o time_n much_o less_o to_o endure_v for_o ever_o as_o we_o though_o this_o be_v now_o my_o opinion_n yet_o be_o not_o i_o so_o obstinate_a therein_o but_o if_o yet_o i_o hear_v better_a reason_n i_o will_v once_o again_o change_v my_o mind_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n you_o see_v i_o have_v reason_n to_o alter_v my_o first_o opinion_n as_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o weak_a reason_n as_o now_o they_o appear_v unto_o i_o and_o so_o i_o suppose_v they_o do_v also_o unto_o you_o finis_fw-la 7o._o julii_n 1641._o at_o a_o committee_n of_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o for_o examination_n of_o book_n and_o of_o the_o licens_v and_o suppress_v of_o they_o etc._n etc._n it_o be_v order_v that_o this_o argument_n upon_o imposition_n be_v forthwith_o publish_v in_o print_n edward_z dering_n
their_o opinion_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o colourable_o to_o be_v maintain_v and_o that_o to_o maintain_v the_o same_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o necessary_a to_o induce_v my_o conclusion_n and_o although_o to_o admit_v it_o it_o may_v seem_v perhaps_o no_o good_a policy_n of_o argument_n but_o rather_o a_o great_a disadvantage_n to_o i_o to_o admit_v that_o without_o which_o the_o contrary_a part_n can_v uphold_v their_o opinion_n and_o which_o be_v admit_v can_v make_v any_o thing_n for_o i_o yet_o because_o we_o be_v here_o not_o as_o arguer_n at_o the_o bar_n but_o as_o judge_n in_o a_o high-court_n and_o that_o all_o our_o end_n tend_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o truth_n i_o will_v therefore_o not_o only_o admit_v it_o but_o will_v maintain_v it_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v that_o custom_n be_v due_a by_o the_o common-law_n i_o collect_v law_n that_o there_o be_v ever_o some_o custom_n due_a by_o the_o common_a law_n first_o by_o the_o name_n thereof_o for_o though_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v and_o so_o have_v be_v for_o more_o than_o 350_o year_n as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n more_o full_o anon_o to_o open_v unto_o you_o call_v in_o our_o law-latin_a custuma_n yet_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o have_v no_o other_o name_n here_o among_o we_o for_o i_o mean_v not_o to_o wander_v into_o forreign-learning_n then_o consuetudo_fw-la as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o per_fw-la rectas_fw-la &_o antiquas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la for_o i_o shall_v anon_o direct_o prove_v unto_o you_o that_o consuetudo_fw-la in_o that_o place_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v a_o usage_n as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o in_o that_o sense_n which_o i_o take_v it_o this_o name_n consuetudo_fw-la in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v also_o find_v in_o many_o ancient_a record_n bring_v into_o this_o house_n upon_o the_o late_a search_n that_o this_o name_n than_o consuetudo_fw-la which_o imply_v a_o approve_a continuance_n without_o a_o know_a beginning_n shall_v by_o the_o common-law_n be_v give_v to_o this_o revenue_n more_o than_o to_o any_o other_o revenue_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n nay_o that_o this_o term_n which_o be_v the_o common_a and_o general_a name_n to_o all_o common_a and_o approve_a usage_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o kind_n soever_o shall_v be_v apply_v to_o this_o duty_n rather_o than_o to_o any_o other_o among_o all_o the_o ancient_a usage_n and_o custom_n which_o the_o common-law_n embrace_v can_v but_o denote_v the_o great_a antiquity_n thereof_o and_o more_o than_o so_o the_o allowance_n and_o approbation_n thereof_o by_o the_o common-law_n for_o doubtless_o if_o beside_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o duty_n the_o common-law_n have_v not_o also_o allow_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o it_o and_o in_o a_o manner_n the_o necessity_n of_o it_o it_o will_v never_o have_v denote_v it_o unto_o we_o by_o this_o name_n of_o excellency_n above_o all_o other_o custom_n which_o 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of_o certainty_n and_o this_o of_o the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o common-law_n be_v in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n argument_n of_o direct_a proof_n that_o the_o king_n can_v impose_v i_o will_v now_o according_a to_o my_o division_n urge_v a_o argument_n or_o two_o of_o inference_n and_o presumption_n the_o rather_o because_o argument_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v be_v much_o enforce_v by_o those_o who_o have_v maintain_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n bacon_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n especial_o by_o mr._n solicitor_n i_o call_v they_o argument_n of_o inference_n and_o yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n those_o which_o i_o shall_v urge_v be_v also_o of_o good_a proof_n such_o as_o they_o be_v you_o shall_v judge_v of_o they_o they_o be_v draw_v either_o from_o the_o action_n or_o forbearance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o from_o the_o action_n and_o forbearance_n of_o the_o people_n first_o in_o the_o action_n and_o forbearance_n of_o the_o king_n impose_v argument_n draw_v from_o 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as_o to_o suffer_v he_o upon_o record_n and_o that_o in_o parliament_n to_o pray_v for_o that_o which_o he_o may_v have_v take_v out_o of_o his_o absolute_a power_n can_v there_o almost_o be_v a_o more_o direct_a disclaim_n in_o the_o right_n to_o compare_v great_a thing_n with_o less_a if_o the_o lord_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n claim_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o villain_n it_o be_v a_o disclaimer_n of_o the_o villeinage_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v other_o noble_a and_o high_a prerogative_n i_o will_v only_o name_v two_o of_o they_o the_o make_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n and_o the_o raise_n and_o abase_v of_o coin_n at_o their_o pleasure_n do_v they_o ever_o crave_v the_o assent_n of_o their_o subject_n in_o parliament_n to_o make_v a_o war_n their_o advice_n indeed_o they_o have_v sometime_o seek_v and_o their_o aid_n for_o treasure_n to_o maintain_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o raise_v and_o abase_v the_o value_n of_o money_n have_v be_v oftentimes_o put_v in_o practice_n by_o they_o and_o sometime_o strain_a to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o the_o king_n may_v well_o suppose_v the_o subject_n can_v not_o but_o be_v much_o discontent_n therewith_o and_o yet_o never_o any_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v it_o by_o assent_n of_o parliament_n which_o perhaps_o some_o one_o mild_a king_n among_o so_o many_o will_v have_v do_v and_o it_o may_v be_v will_v also_o have_v pray_v his_o subject_n to_o yield_v thereto_o only_o to_o avoid_v the_o grudge_n of_o the_o people_n if_o the_o seek_n of_o assent_n in_o parliament_n have_v not_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o their_o successor_n and_o yet_o as_o for_o some_o of_o these_o king_n it_o may_v be_v suppose_v they_o make_v little_a conscience_n to_o prejudice_v a_o successor_n in_o one_o point_n that_o make_v no_o scruple_n total_o to_o depose_v a_o predecessor_n from_o his_o throne_n and_o all_o his_o regality_n and_o to_o usurp_v it_o to_o themselves_o and_o so_o i_o proceed_v to_o my_o next_o argument_n of_o inference_n draw_v from_o the_o action_n of_o our_o king_n some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o namely_o ed._n 2._o 2._o edward_n the_o 2._o in_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o ed._n 3._o in_o the_o 1._o and_o 24._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n here_o among_o we_o be_v content_v to_o accept_v a_o increase_n of_o their_o custom_n by_o way_n of_o loane_n from_o the_o merchant_n and_o solemn_o bind_v themselves_o to_o repay_v it_o again_o will_v any_o wise_a man_n in_o the_o world_n that_o think_v he_o have_v but_o a_o colour_n of_o right_n so_o much_o prejudice_v his_o himself_n as_o to_o borrow_v that_o which_o he_o may_v take_v without_o leave_n and_o bind_v himself_o to_o repay_v it_o if_o a_o poor_a man_n perhaps_o through_o fear_n may_v be_v enforce_v so_o far_o to_o yield_v to_o a_o mighty_a adversary_n yet_o that_o a_o powerful_a man_n shall_v stoop_v so_o low_a to_o one_o much_o weak_a than_o he_o nay_o that_o a_o king_n in_o a_o point_n of_o such_o consequence_n shall_v so_o far_o descend_v from_o his_o greatness_n as_o to_o borrow_v of_o his_o poor_a subject_n that_o which_o without_o be_v behold_v to_o he_o he_o may_v obtain_v as_o his_o right_n and_o bind_v himself_o to_o repay_v it_o again_o i_o say_v it_o can_v with_o any_o reason_n be_v imagine_v but_o withal_o it_o must_v be_v conclude_v that_o a_o king_n that_o shall_v so_o do_v do_v not_o think_v that_o he_o have_v so_o much_o as_o colour_v of_o right_a to_o impose_v i_o will_v not_o much_o press_n or_o enforce_v the_o action_n of_o ed._n 2._o who_o i_o confess_v be_v but_o a_o weak_a prince_n 3._o edward_n the_o 3._o but_o as_o for_o his_o son_n and_o successor_n ed._n 3._o there_o be_v not_o as_o i_o have_v say_v a_o stout_a a_o wise_a a_o more_o noble_a and_o courageous_a prince_n than_o he_o and_o none_o more_o careful_a to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o his_o prerogative_n as_o may_v evident_o appear_v by_o all_o his_o answer_n in_o parliament_n on_o any_o complaint_n of_o the_o subject_a beside_o never_o have_v king_n of_o this_o realm_n more_o occasion_n than_o he_o to_o strain_v this_o prerogative_n of_o impose_v to_o the_o utmost_a for_o beside_o his_o excessive_a expense_n in_o the_o war_n of_o france_n and_o scotland_n he_o have_v also_o a_o continual_a charge_n of_o many_o expensive_a child_n his_o wife_n queen_n philip_n have_v also_o for_o her_o maintenance_n a_o large_a allowance_n out_o of_o his_o revenue_n but_o the_o dowry_n of_o queen_n isabella_n his_o mother_n who_o live_v till_o about_o the_o 27._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v so_o great_a as_o it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o writer_n that_o little_o more_o than_o the_o
125._o the_o antiquity_n of_o parliament_n folio_fw-la 128._o 24_o answer_n to_o the_o the_o second_o reason_n urge_v for_o imposition_n that_o the_o king_n may_v total_o restrain_v importation_n and_o exportation_n and_o therefore_o may_v restrain_v sub_fw-la modo_fw-la by_o lay_v imposition_n folio_fw-la 124_o 125_o etc._n etc._n 25_o answer_n to_o the_o three_o reason_n that_o the_o port_n be_v the_o king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o on_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v folio_fw-la 136._o 26_o answer_n to_o the_o four_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o protect_v merchant_n and_o safeguard_v the_o sea_n and_o that_o therefore_o he_o may_v lay_v moderate_a imposition_n for_o raise_v of_o many_o to_o defray_v his_o charge_n folio_fw-la 138._o 27_o answer_n to_o the_o five_o objection_n that_o all_o foreign_a prince_n have_v power_n to_o impose_v and_o if_o our_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o like_a it_o may_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o this_o state_n ibid._n 28_o a_o summary_n conclusion_n of_o the_o whole_a argument_n folio_fw-la 141._o mr._n speaker_n the_o question_n now_o in_o debate_n among_o we_o be_v whether_o his_o m_n tie_v may_v by_o his_o prerogative_n royal_a without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n at_o his_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n lay_v a_o new_a charge_n or_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o or_o out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o enforce_v merchant_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o when_o this_o point_n be_v first_o stir_v among_o we_o and_o that_o we_o not_o content_v to_o seek_v redress_n for_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o present_a imposition_n resolve_v to_o proceed_v far_o by_o call_v his_o majesty_n right_a of_o impose_v into_o question_n i_o be_v very_o sorry_a for_o i_o see_v we_o be_v then_o in_o a_o fair_a way_n to_o have_v obtain_v a_o very_a great_a abatement_n of_o the_o imposition_n that_o now_o be_v and_o beside_o we_o have_v his_o majesty_n promise_n never_o to_o lay_v any_o more_o but_o in_o parliament_n time_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o free_a consent_n of_o his_o subject_n repair_v hither_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n this_o hope_n of_o a_o present_a ease_n and_o gracious_a promise_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v give_v i_o i_o confess_v a_o full_a satisfaction_n especial_o see_v i_o be_v confident_o persuade_v that_o his_o majesty_n right_a to_o impose_v be_v very_o clear_a and_o not_o to_o be_v dispute_v and_o that_o therefore_o by_o draw_v into_o question_n the_o right_n we_o may_v give_v his_o majesty_n just_a occasion_n to_o withdraw_v from_o we_o his_o gracious_a purpose_n of_o the_o present_a abatement_n as_o also_o his_o promise_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o sir_n when_o the_o case_n of_o bates_n who_o as_o you_o know_v be_v call_v into_o question_n for_o refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o curran_n be_v argue_v in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o which_o case_n his_o majesty_n right_a to_o impose_v be_v solemn_o dispute_v and_o there_o resolve_v for_o his_o majesty_n i_o be_v then_o present_a at_o all_o the_o argument_n both_o at_o the_o bar_n and_o at_o the_o bench_n and_o i_o do_v confess_v that_o by_o the_o weighty_a and_o unanswerable_a reason_n as_o i_o then_o conceive_v they_o of_o those_o grave_n and_o reverend_a judge_n savil._n flâ—ming_v ch._n bar._n clarke_n savil._n sit_v in_o their_o seat_n of_o justice_n i_o be_v much_o persuade_v but_o by_o those_o many_o record_n vouch_v by_o they_o i_o be_v altogether_o overcome_v and_o as_o it_o be_v vanquish_v to_o yield_v to_o they_o for_o sir_n ratio_fw-la suadet_fw-la anthoritas_fw-la vincit_fw-la but_o though_o i_o be_v then_o and_o when_o the_o question_n be_v first_o move_v in_o this_o house_n very_o confident_a yet_o as_o you_o shall_v perceive_v anon_o i_o be_v not_o very_o constant_a in_o that_o opinion_n for_o be_v among_o other_o employ_v by_o this_o house_n to_o make_v search_n in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o record_n which_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o former_a age_n may_v guide_v our_o judgement_n in_o this_o weighty_a point_n and_o have_v diligent_o collect_v the_o argument_n make_v in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o compare_v my_o own_o collection_n with_o report_n thereof_o make_v by_o divers_a other_o of_o my_o friend_n &_o find_v that_o some_o of_o the_o record_n urge_v in_o those_o argument_n be_v untrue_o vouch_v and_o many_o misaply_v i_o then_o begin_v to_o stagger_v in_o my_o opinion_n and_o present_o fall_v to_o examine_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o reason_n which_o have_v be_v allege_v which_o in_o my_o poor_a censure_n i_o find_v not_o of_o strength_n sufficient_a without_o the_o full_a concurrence_n of_o clear_a precedent_n of_o former_a time_n to_o maintain_v the_o judgement_n give_v or_o my_o opinion_n ground_v thereupon_o and_o therefore_o sir_n in_o love_n to_o the_o truth_n i_o do_v forsake_v my_o former_a opinion_n as_o erroneous_a and_o do_v now_o embrace_v the_o contrary_a that_o be_v that_o his_o majesty_n have_v no_o right_a to_o impose_v and_o so_o be_o now_o become_v a_o convert_n those_o reason_n that_o move_v i_o thus_o to_o change_v and_o the_o weakness_n which_o i_o discover_v in_o the_o reason_n allege_v against_o the_o opinion_n which_o i_o now_o hold_v i_o will_v with_o your_o patience_n open_a unto_o you_o and_o will_v therein_o follow_v the_o commandment_n of_o christ_n to_o peter_n be_v convert_v seek_v to_o convert_v my_o brethren_n as_o touch_v the_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n stand_v yet_o in_o force_n so_o often_o cast_v as_o a_o block_n in_o our_o way_n though_o i_o much_o reverence_n the_o person_n of_o those_o yet_o live_v and_o the_o memory_n of_o those_o that_o be_v with_o god_n who_o give_v the_o judgement_n yet_o see_v as_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v be_v able_a evident_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o to_o be_v against_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o our_o liberty_n i_o can_v esteem_v no_o otherwise_o of_o it_o then_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o ed._n 1._o cap._n 10._o pronounce_v of_o all_o such_o judgement_n that_o be_v that_o it_o be_v void_a and_o to_o be_v hold_v for_o nought_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v good_a to_o say_v by_o way_n of_o preamble_n or_o introduction_n to_o the_o matter_n now_o by_o your_o favour_n i_o will_v enter_v into_o the_o debate_n of_o the_o question_n in_o handle_v of_o which_o i_o will_v purposely_o avoid_v the_o repetition_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v speak_v by_o any_o man_n that_o have_v argue_v before_o as_o know_v in_o what_o presence_n i_o speak_v that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o convey_v myself_o through_o my_o argument_n and_o be_v the_o better_o conceive_v of_o you_o that_o be_v to_o hear_v i_o i_o will_v divide_v that_o which_o i_o have_v to_o say_v into_o certain_a part_n which_o i_o will_v prosecute_v in_o order_n first_o i_o hold_v it_o necessary_a to_o consider_v whether_o custom_n be_v due_a to_o the_o 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6._o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o word_n be_v that_o every_o person_n ought_v to_o use_v himself_o to_o his_o most_o advantage_n without_o exaction_n fine_a imposition_n or_o contribution_n to_o be_v have_v or_o take_v of_o he_o to_z or_o by_o any_o english_a person_n or_o person_n though_o some_o that_o have_v argue_v before_o i_o against_o imposition_n have_v urge_v this_o statute_n as_o make_v against_o our_o present_a imposition_n yet_o for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o not_o of_o that_o opinion_n but_o upon_o peruse_v the_o statute_n do_v rather_o think_v that_o it_o extend_v only_o to_o imposition_n lay_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o london_n upon_o the_o merchant_n of_o other_o city_n and_o town_n not_o incorporate_a into_o their_o company_n as_o will_v evident_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n so_o as_o notwithstanding_o this_o statute_n that_o which_o i_o have_v aver_v and_o have_v be_v yield_v to_o by_o the_o king_n counsel_n that_o no_o imposition_n be_v lay_v from_o ed._n 3._o to_o queen_n mary_n reign_n be_v not_o yet_o impeach_v there_o be_v yet_o one_o other_o statute_n of_o late_a time_n in_o which_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o imposition_n and_o that_o be_v 14._o h._n 8._o 4._o 14._o h._n 8._o cap._n 4._o cap._n 4._o the_o word_n be_v every_o subject_a bear_v in_o england_n and_o swear_v to_o be_v subject_n of_o other_o prince_n as_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v so_o abide_v subject_n to_o the_o other_o prince_n shall_v pay_v such_o custom_n subsidy_n toll_n and_o other_o imposition_n within_o this_o realm_n as_o stranger_n do_v i_o hold_v that_o this_o word_n imposition_n in_o this_o place_n be_v use_v as_o a_o general_a to_o all_o the_o particular_n before_o mention_v and_o no_o otherwise_o and_o be_v no_o more_o in_o effect_n then_o charge_n a_o thing_n usual_a in_o statute_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o add_v general_a word_n for_o the_o more_o security_n which_o i_o collect_v by_o the_o word_n other_o go_v next_o before_o it_o for_o 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but_o after_o all_o our_o search_n end_v can_v not_o find_v any_o one_o imposition_n from_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o till_o queen_n mary_n reign_n to_o have_v be_v receive_v by_o any_o customer_n or_o collector_n and_o if_o you_o please_v to_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o remember_v to_o you_o the_o passage_n of_o those_o time_n you_o can_v but_o marvel_n that_o none_o of_o all_o those_o prince_n shall_v so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o try_v the_o strength_n of_o this_o so_o beneficial_a a_o prerogative_n so_o much_o practise_v by_o ed._n 3._o and_o when_o you_o have_v hear_v their_o occasion_n and_o compare_v their_o other_o action_n not_o what_o great_a occasion_n all_o the_o king_n from_o ed._n 3._o till_o q._n ma._n have_v to_o lay_v imposition_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o with_o their_o forbearance_n in_o this_o kind_n you_o will_v i_o think_v conclude_v and_o say_v in_o your_o heart_n that_o sure_o none_o of_o all_o those_o king_n have_v so_o much_o as_o any_o imagination_n 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king_n to_o sustain_v any_o public_a charge_n except_o it_o be_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n in_o parliament_n i_o proceed_v from_o ed._n 4._o to_o hen._n 7._o 7._o hen._n 7._o omit_v ed._n 5._o and_o ric._n 3._o because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o reign_n hen._n 7._o book_n h._n 7._o have_v a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o he_o for_o his_o life_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o parl._n roll_v 1_o h._n 7._o which_o appear_v no_o where_n in_o our_o print_a book_n have_v indeed_o a_o more_o peaceable_a time_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o altogether_o free_a from_o trouble_n both_o within_o the_o realm_n and_o from_o abroad_o but_o his_o natural_a inclination_n be_v rather_o to_o embrace_v peace_n he_o be_v so_o provident_a and_o politic_a in_o the_o gather_n and_o store_v up_o of_o treasure_n as_o never_o any_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v therein_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o he_o he_o do_v himself_o take_v the_o 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