his_o successor_n in_o that_o city_n within_o who_o territory_n of_o jurisdiction_n he_o die_v if_o the_o pope_n die_v upon_o the_o sea_n the_o election_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o that_o city_n or_o andraeas_n place_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o sea_n this_o intimation_n be_v give_v by_o the_o gloss_n and_o acknowledge_v by_o other_o but_o notwithstanding_o this_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n be_v allow_v the_o privilege_n of_o fish_v in_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o church_n as_o they_o call_v it_o or_o of_o the_o pope_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o village_n border_v upon_o a_o pasture-ground_n may_v by_o virtue_n of_o some_o compact_n usage_n or_o custom_n put_v in_o their_o cattle_n to_o graze_v there_o though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n this_o be_v a_o statute_n of_o the_o city_n of_o 72._o rome_n every_o citizen_n of_o rome_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n and_o within_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o fish_n at_o any_o time_n and_o with_o any_o instrument_n whatsoëver_o in_o the_o stream_n both_o of_o tiber_n anien_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n so_o far_o as_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o sea_n shore_n do_v reach_v and_o no_o person_n ought_v to_o prohibit_v or_o forcible_o take_v any_o thing_n away_o from_o they_o so_o long_o as_o they_o forbear_v to_o trespass_v upon_o any_o land_n house_n and_o fishpond_n which_o belong_v to_o private_a owner_n or_o to_o come_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o arenula_fw-la namely_o of_o s_o t_o severia_n and_o paul_n in_o which_o place_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o to_o fish_n without_o warrant_n from_o the_o state_n be_v advocate_n and_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o privilege_n as_o this_o qualify_v either_o by_o grant_n or_o covenant_n or_o custom_n be_v very_o often_o find_v in_o such_o place_n as_o enjoy_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n concern_v the_o receive_a custom_n of_o the_o portugal_n and_o spaniard_n about_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n chap._n xvii_o that_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v acknowledge_v in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o portugal_n be_v apparent_a to_o any_o man_n that_o will_v but_o observe_v the_o usual_a title_n of_o their_o king_n king_n emmanuel_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o law_n of_o portugal_n style_n be_v himself_o dom_n manuel_n per_fw-la grace_n de_fw-fr deos_fw-la rey_n etc._n etc._n senhor_n de_fw-fr guinee_n &_o da_fw-la conquista_fw-la &_o navagaçam_fw-la &_o commercio_fw-la d'_fw-fr ethiopia_n arabia_n persia_n &_o da_fw-mi india_n à _fw-it todo_fw-es etc._n etc._n which_o elsewhere_o be_v render_v in_o 9_o barbarous_a latin_a thus_o emanuel_n dei_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n dominus_fw-la guineae_fw-la &_o conquistae_fw-la navigationis_fw-la ac_fw-la commercii_fw-la aethiopiae_fw-la arabiae_n persiae_n etc._n etc._n emmanuel_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n etc._n etc._n lord_n of_o guinee_n and_o by_o conquest_n of_o the_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o ethiopia_n arabia_n persia_n where_fw-mi conquista_fw-la in_o the_o language_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n signify_v that_o which_o be_v acquire_v by_o war._n the_o same_o title_n be_v often_o find_v in_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o commission_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o portugal_n whereupon_o jacobus_n 12._o vâ—ldesius_n write_v that_o they_o be_v and_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v lord_n and_o master_n of_o commerce_n traffic_n and_o navigation_n but_o for_o any_o person_n to_o be_v lord_n of_o navigation_n and_o traffic_n by_o sea_n without_o dominion_n over_o that_o sea_n be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o use_v and_o enjoy_v a_o piece_n of_o land_n to_o have_v right_a to_o prohibit_v all_o other_o from_o do_v the_o like_a and_o yet_o not_o to_o be_v owner_n thereof_o but_o among_o the_o law_n of_o portugal_n there_o be_v yet_o clear_a evidence_n for_o private_a dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n even_o of_o the_o atlantic_a or_o ocean_n itself_o for_o therein_o it_o be_v forbid_v that_o any_o person_n either_o foreigner_n or_o native_a the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v 112._o assi_fw-fr naral_fw-fr commo_fw-la estrangeiro_n in_o any_o ship_n whatsoëver_o to_o pass_v ditas_fw-la partee_n mare_n the_o guinee_n &_o india_n &_o qualsquer_n outras_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o mare_n &_o lugare_n de_fw-mi nossa_fw-mi conquista_fw-la tratar_n resgatar_n nem_fw-la guerrear_n sem_fw-mi nossa_fw-mi licenca_fw-la &_o autoridade_fw-mi sob_v pena_fw-la que_fw-la fazendo_fw-la â—o_o contrario_fw-la moura_fw-la por_fw-mi ello_fw-it morte_fw-la natural_a &_o por_fw-mi esso_fw-la mesmo_fw-la seito_fw-la percapera_fw-la nos_fw-la todo_fw-es seus_fw-la beens_fw-mi moveis_fw-la &_o the_o ray_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o say_a country_n land_n and_o sea_n of_o guinee_n and_o the_o indies_n or_o any_o other_o land_n sea_n and_o place_n under_o our_o dominion_n for_o commerce_n or_o traâ—â—iâ—k_n or_o make_v of_o wâ—r_n without_o our_o licence_n and_o authority_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o total_a confiscation_n of_o estate_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o any_o that_o shall_v presume_v to_o do_v the_o contrary_n and_o for_o the_o execution_n hereof_o the_o commander_n of_o those_o fleet_n who_o have_v leave_v from_o the_o king_n to_o sail_v thither_o have_v commission_n give_v they_o to_o call_v to_o account_v all_o who_o they_o find_v in_o any_o kind_n transgress_v this_o law_n so_o that_o we_o see_v the_o nation_n of_o portugal_n also_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o dominion_n may_v be_v just_o acquire_v over_o the_o ocean_n itself_o and_o this_o law_n in_o the_o extent_n of_o at_o reach_v as_o well_o to_o foreigner_n as_o to_o the_o king_n subject_n although_o foreigner_n do_v not_o acknowledge_v that_o portugal_n have_v acquire_v any_o such_o right_a however_o that_o in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v obligatorie_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v but_o that_o such_o a_o right_n may_v be_v acquire_v be_v i_o suppose_v acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o europe_n except_o some_o perhaps_o who_o be_v not_o yet_o in_o fair_a and_o lawful_a possession_n of_o any_o sea_n if_o so_o be_v at_o least_o a_o man_n may_v right_o gather_v their_o acknowledgement_n from_o their_o receive_a custom_n and_o true_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n there_o be_v a_o hot_a dispute_n between_o cottoniana_n she_o and_o sebastian_n king_n of_o portugal_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o atlantic_a and_o south-sea_n that_o open_n the_o way_n to_o the_o east-indies_n which_o be_v claim_v by_o the_o portugal_n but_o the_o question_n in_o that_o dispute_n be_v not_o whether_o or_o no_o sebastian_n can_v be_v lord_n of_o that_o navigation_n or_o sea_n but_o whether_o he_o have_v make_v any_o lawful_a acquisition_n of_o such_o a_o dominion_n but_o in_o the_o common_a law_n of_o spain_n or_o castille_n although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v most_o free_a and_o that_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n almost_o as_o if_o no_o positive_a law_n have_v ever_o lay_v any_o restraint_n upon_o the_o natural_a 8._o community_n thereof_o yet_o the_o spanish_a lawyer_n and_o those_o not_o of_o the_o mean_a account_n do_v in_o most_o express_a term_n declare_v it_o capable_a of_o dominion_n yea_o and_o that_o it_o be_v acquire_v by_o the_o king_n the_o prince_n say_v gregorius_n 11._o lopez_n may_v grant_v any_o man_n a_o privilege_n to_o fish_n in_o a_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o sea_n say_v joannes_n 34._o garcias_n a_o spaniard_n belong_v to_o he_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o adjoin_a land_n this_o he_o speak_v of_o some_o particular_a sea_n belong_v to_o spain_n for_o to_o speak_v it_o of_o the_o sea_n in_o general_n be_v idle_a there_o be_v other_o also_o as_o didacus_n couvaruvias_n 12._o joannes_n de_fw-fr hevia_n who_o be_v plain_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o well_o for_o a_o control_a the_o liberty_n of_o navigation_n as_o restrain_v the_o common_a use_n of_o fish_v and_o how_o frequent_a this_o opinion_n 8._o be_v among_o the_o lawyer_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o fernandus_n vasquius_fw-la though_o he_o himself_o do_v extreme_o oppose_v it_o as_o appear_v by_o those_o word_n of_o his_o already_o cite_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n moreover_o it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a out_o of_o 13._o rodericus_fw-la suarius_n that_o such_o right_n &_o privilege_n be_v exercise_v by_o private_a person_n ground_v either_o upon_o custom_n or_o some_o grant_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o demonstrate_v a_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n among_o the_o spaniard_n although_o that_o author_n take_v the_o measure_n of_o law_n rather_o from_o the_o dictate_v of_o the_o school_n than_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o nation_n be_v the_o more_o earnest_a for_o that_o ancient_a opinion_n of_o a_o perpetual_a community_n yea_o the_o very_a title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v
kingdom_n the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v this_o because_o the_o universal_a right_n of_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v common_a either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o nation_n be_v transfer_v into_o his_o dominion_n and_o other_o passage_n he_o have_v much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n as_o also_o 14._o stephanus_n paschasius_fw-la 11_o ludovicus_n servinus_fw-la sometime_o solicitor_n general_a for_o the_o king_n france_n popellinerius_n and_o other_o if_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o sea_n of_o maâ—seille_n or_o narbon_n we_o shall_v not_o oppose_v they_o but_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v northward_o or_o westward_o of_o the_o french_a or_o that_o flow'_v between_o france_n and_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n for_o that_o which_o lie_v westward_o from_o they_o upon_o that_o crooked_a shore_n or_o the_o gulf_n of_o aquitaine_n do_v indeed_o flow_v between_o the_o more_o westerly_a coast_n of_o our_o british_a isle_n and_o of_o france_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o lie_v northward_o from_o they_o flow'_v between_o england_n and_o normandy_n they_o neither_o produce_v any_o testimony_n of_o antiquity_n nor_o indeed_o can_v they_o if_o they_o will_v unless_o you_o will_v have_v that_o admit_v which_o have_v be_v cite_v out_o of_o caesar_n concern_v the_o veneti_n of_o france_n aremoriça_n and_o that_o which_o we_o say_v before_o of_o the_o sea_n border_v upon_o that_o shore_n both_o which_o indeed_o do_v rather_o import_v some_o service_n call_v heretofore_o nobilitates_fw-la super_fw-la navibus_fw-la than_o any_o kind_n of_o dominion_n but_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o this_o sea_n which_o flow'_v between_o they_o and_o we_o become_v absolute_o appropriate_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o we_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o the_o next_o book_n and_o the_o truth_n be_v if_o we_o look_v upon_o the_o custom_n most_o in_o use_n among_o the_o french_a or_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o that_o nation_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o derogate_n from_o the_o ancient_a community_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o as_o to_o they_o it_o remaine_n as_o yet_o not_o possess_v but_o common_a to_o all_o man_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o revenue_n or_o patrimony_n of_o their_o king_n if_o so_o be_v credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o that_o treatise_n late_o publish_v of_o the_o civil_a roman_a and_o french_a law_n by_o thomas_n cormerius_n counsellor_n to_o francis_n duke_n of_o anjou_n in_o his_o parliament_n of_o alencon_n the_o matter_n that_o it_o pretend'_v to_o treat_v of_o be_v the_o roman_a gallic_a law_n there_o be_v in_o it_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n decree_n of_o prince_n and_o privilege_n often_o intermingle_v but_o under_o the_o 2._o title_n of_o thing_n common_a â—o_o all_o he_o make_v the_o sea_n and_o shore_n common_a to_o all_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o if_o in_o this_o matter_n it_o do_v exact_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o france_n which_o certain_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o french_a have_v no_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n nor_o must_v we_o let_v it_o pass_v that_o somwhile_o since_o there_o be_v two_o constitution_n pretend_v to_o in_o france_n one_o of_o 1555._o henry_n the_o second_o the_o other_o of_o 1584._o henry_n the_o three_o wherein_o they_o require_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o foreigner_n which_o sail_v through_o the_o sea_n border_v upon_o france_n shall_v strike_v their_o topsail_n forsooth_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o that_o dominion_n the_o french_a have_v over_o the_o sea_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v autorize_v or_o as_o they_o speak_v simple_o verify_v by_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n yea_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o admit_v into_o custom_n nay_o the_o late_a of_o they_o be_v plain_o reject_v as_o to_o any_o effect_n in_o law_n and_o this_o the_o french_a lawyer_n themselves_o confess_v in_o a_o 1609._o notable_a case_n between_o some_o merchant_n of_o hamburgh_n that_o be_v plaintiff_n and_o michaël_n butardus_n and_o other_o defendant_n in_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o tours_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o but_o that_o ceremony_n have_v by_o most_o ancient_a right_n and_o custom_n be_v observe_v and_o pay_v to_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n out_o of_o respect_n and_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o dominion_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a book_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o this_o particular_a more_o at_o large_a i_o know_v very_o well_o 2._o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o a_o edict_n of_o the_o french_a king_n that_o one_o three_o part_n of_o all_o good_n recover_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n another_z to_o the_o admiral_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o the_o seaman_n that_o find_v they_o and_o that_o the_o french_a do_v reckon_v very_o many_o commander_n in_o chief_a at_o sea_n or_o admiral_n in_o a_o line_n sometime_o continue_v and_o sometime_o interrupt_v which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o begin_v from_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n the_o son_n of_o st._n lewis_n that_o be_v from_o the_o year_n mcclxxxiv_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o franc._n joannes_n feronius_n 14._o stephanus_n paschasius_fw-la and_o other_o but_o that_o division_n of_o good_n recover_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v simple_o consider_v do_v prove_v any_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n no_o more_o than_o the_o ten_o of_o any_o prize_n take_v from_o a_o enemy_n at_o sea_n which_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n also_o be_v allot_v to_o the_o 5._o admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n right_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o person_n to_o wit_n subject_n transfer_v unto_o the_o king_n not_o upon_o any_o title_n of_o dominion_n whereby_o any_o pretence_n may_v be_v make_v to_o a_o acquire_v of_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o they_o be_v pay_v no_o otherwise_o then_o impost_n or_o custom_n in_o the_o importation_n or_o exportation_n of_o merchandise_n but_o no_o man_n i_o suppose_v will_v imagine_v that_o from_o such_o impost_n or_o custom_n upon_o merchandise_n any_o proof_n may_v be_v make_v of_o a_o dominion_n over_o those_o passage_n through_o which_o the_o merchant_n sail_n before_o they_o arrive_v neither_o indeed_o be_v there_o any_o such_o custom_n as_o this_o in_o use_n among_o the_o french_a before_o the_o time_n of_o francis_n the_o first_o that_o be_v to_o say_v plain_o not_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o desire_v to_o be_v and_o be_v make_v a_o sharer_n of_o those_o good_n which_o shall_v be_v draw_v by_o his_o subject_n out_o of_o any_o sea_n whatsoëver_o whereas_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v wont_a to_o take_v as_o his_o own_o whatsoëver_n be_v leave_v or_o lose_v in_o the_o sea_n beside_o other_o emolument_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n and_o that_o by_o so_o ancient_a a_o right_n as_o for_o aught_o we_o know_v bear_n be_v a_o date_n no_o less_o ancient_a than_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o and_o as_o for_o those_o admiral_n of_o france_n they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o chief_a commander_n of_o navy_n and_o person_n and_o of_o the_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o judicatories_n at_o home_o but_o not_o qualify_v as_o precedent_n of_o a_o sea-province_n or_o territory_n as_o the_o custodes_fw-la ipsius_fw-la maris_fw-la the_o guardian_n of_o the_o sea_n among_o the_o english_a and_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n but_o more_o of_o this_o in_o the_o second_o book_n nevertheless_o from_o what_o have_v be_v allege_v concern_v the_o custom_n opinion_n or_o constitution_n among_o the_o french_a i_o suppose_v it_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o they_o do_v also_o acknowledge_v that_o private_a dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n either_o of_o nature_n or_o nation_n which_o serve_v his_o full_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o the_o point_n in_o question_n the_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o the_o dane_n the_o people_n of_o norway_n the_o swede_n polander_n and_o turk_n chap._n xix_o we_o find_v clear_a testimony_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n also_o of_o europe_n touch_v private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o dane_n the_o people_n of_o norway_n the_o polander_n to_o who_o may_v be_v add_v also_o the_o turk_n we_o have_v observe_v by_o the_o toll_v or_o custom_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n what_o revenue_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o very_a navigation_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o be_v common_o know_v and_o what_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o royalty_n of_o the_o norwegian_a sea_n to_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n who_o at_o this_o time_n be_v also_o king_n of_o denmark_n for_o in_o the_o year_n mdlxxxiii_o frederick_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n make_v a_o
write_v that_o leo_n make_v a_o change_n against_o reason_n of_o law_n and_o here_o especial_a care_n must_v be_v take_v to_o avoid_v that_o which_o some_o have_v presume_v to_o affirm_v touch_v those_o most_o excellent_a book_n of_o justinian_n which_o make_v up_o a_o entire_a body_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n 3._o that_o the_o law_n prescribe_v in_o those_o book_n be_v not_o the_o law_n only_o of_o a_o city_n but_o even_o of_o nation_n and_o nature_n and_o that_o the_o whole_a be_v so_o fit_v unto_o nature_n that_o after_o the_o empire_n be_v extinct_a though_o the_o law_n be_v a_o long_a time_n bury_v yet_o it_o rise_v again_o and_o spread_v itself_o through_o all_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o that_o it_o concern_v even_o prince_n although_o it_o be_v frame_v by_o justinian_n for_o private_a person_n as_o if_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o of_o nation_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v only_o out_o of_o those_o book_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v how_o that_o not_o only_o very_o many_o decree_n and_o custome_n introduce_v in_o the_o romane-germane_n empire_n itself_o and_o other_o place_n abroad_o have_v extreme_o alter_v many_o thing_n contain_v in_o those_o book_n but_o also_o that_o we_o find_v divers_a king_n both_o of_o ley_n spain_n and_o physica_n france_n have_v sometime_o heretofore_o prohibit_v the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o any_o kind_n within_o their_o court_n of_o justice_n there_o be_v true_o some_o thing_n in_o the_o very_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n who_o receiv_v those_o book_n and_o that_o upon_o very_o good_a ground_n both_o into_o their_o school_n and_o court_n so_o far_o as_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n will_v permit_v i_o mean_v in_o their_o law_n common_a or_o intervenient_a which_o be_v not_o ground_v at_o all_o upon_o the_o law_n of_o justinian_n but_o have_v have_v their_o original_n from_o custom_n quite_o contrary_a thereto_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v not_o now_o make_v slave_n nor_o be_v the_o law_n concern_v captivity_n or_o remitter_n upon_o return_n from_o captivity_n touch_v the_o 20._o person_n of_o man_n in_o any_o use_n at_o all_o which_o notwithstanding_o take_v up_o a_o title_n in_o the_o digest_v ship_n drive_v by_o wrack_n upon_o a_o shore_n do_v by_o the_o possessione_n law_n of_o justinian_n which_o be_v confirm_v also_o in_o the_o 118._o roman_n german_a empire_n belong_v either_o to_o the_o former_a owner_n or_o as_o thing_n relinquish_v and_o unpossessed_a to_o the_o first_o finder_n nor_o do_v the_o exchequer_n interpose_v any_o claim_n whereas_o nevertheless_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o divers_a nation_n intervenient_a to_o themselves_o and_o their_o neighbour_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o those_o ship_n be_v very_o often_o confiscate_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o custom_n as_o among_o the_o english_a the_o 45._o britain_n 10._o sicilian_n some_o 393._o borderer_n upon_o the_o shore_n of_o italy_n and_o other_o and_o although_o it_o be_v account_v cruelty_n by_o some_o to_o pursue_v profit_n upon_o so_o sad_a a_o occasion_n as_o it_o be_v also_o by_o the_o 85._o emperor_n either_o constantine_n or_o antoninus_n who_o make_v a_o law_n thereupon_o yea_o and_o though_o beside_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o lateran_n council_n the_o bull_n raptoribus_fw-la coenae_fw-la domini_fw-la do_v blast_n those_o every_o year_n with_o excommunication_n that_o plunder_v the_o good_n of_o such_o as_o suffer_v shipwreck_n in_o 4._o any_o sea_n upon_o any_o pretence_n of_o law_n or_o custom_n whatsoêver_o yet_o the_o custom_n of_o confiscation_n in_o this_o case_n derive_v not_o its_o original_a from_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a age_n but_o it_o flow_v first_o from_o the_o most_o ancient_a maritime_a law_n of_o the_o rhodian_o which_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o grecian_n in_o their_o flourish_a condition_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v by_o and_o by_o and_o from_o thence_o be_v receive_v by_o divers_a prince_n also_o when_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n as_o bodin_n say_v make_v complaint_n before_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n that_o two_o ship_n be_v drive_v a_o shore_n be_v seize_v by_o one_o jordanes_n ursinus_n and_o demand_v a_o restitution_n of_o they_o annas_n of_o momorancie_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n make_v answer_n that_o all_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v cast_v upon_o shore_n do_v by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n belong_v to_o such_o prince_n as_o have_v command_v the_o sh_n so_o far_o have_v custom_n take_v place_n in_o this_o particular_a that_o andraeas_n doria_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o complain_v about_o those_o ship_n that_o be_v cast_v upon_o the_o french_a shore_n and_o make_v prize_n by_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n so_o far_o he_o in_o like_a manner_n whale_n and_o other_o fish_n of_o extraordinary_a bigness_n do_v not_o according_a to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o england_n 48._o portugal_n and_o other_o nation_n belong_v to_o he_o that_o first_o seize_v they_o but_o either_o to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o to_o such_o as_o the_o prince_n shall_v grant_v a_o royalty_n of_o that_o nature_n other_o instance_n may_v be_v bring_v sufficient_o to_o show_v that_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o of_o nation_n be_v not_o whole_o to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o such_o decree_n or_o determination_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o justinian_n and_o so_o that_o what_o be_v there_o insert_v touch_v a_o community_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a diminish_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o nation_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v in_o those_o book_n to_o be_v common_a as_o the_o aâ—r_n and_o as_o wild_a beast_n be_v common_a as_o if_o indeed_o the_o neighbour_a aâ—r_n itself_o can_v not_o pass_v into_o private_a dominion_n as_o well_o as_o a_o river_n that_o be_v possels'â—_n and_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v take_v moreover_o those_o ancient_n do_v ordinary_o conjoin_v a_o community_n of_o shore_n and_o port_n not_o unlike_a to_o that_o which_o they_o teach_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o if_o the_o very_a reason_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o port_n and_o shore_n as_o they_o belong_v either_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o here_o to_o the_o prince_n himself_o be_v not_o manifest_o draw_v as_o we_o have_v express_o show_v already_o out_o of_o 14._o celsus_n from_o the_o impost_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v frequent_a enough_o both_o in_o the_o shore_n and_o obiter_fw-la port_n of_o the_o â—oman_n empire_n and_o in_o the_o book_n of_o c._n justinian_n as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n for_o as_o the_o 1._o payment_n of_o that_o tribute_n which_o be_v call_v solarium_fw-la à _fw-la solo_n and_o thence_o by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n pignore_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o house_n that_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o common-weal_n or_o the_o public_a ground_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n that_o the_o common-weal_n or_o the_o prince_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o soil_n so_o indeed_o also_o the_o custom_n pay_v for_o the_o use_n of_o port_n manifest_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o dominion_n over_o them_o also_o port_n themselves_o be_v right_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o part_n even_o of_o the_o continent_n as_o appear_v in_o publicanis_fw-la another_o place_n moreover_o also_o justinian_n appropriate_v the_o hellespont_n to_o himself_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o he_o will_v not_o permit_v merchant_n and_o seaman_n to_o enjoy_v a_o freedom_n of_o that_o sea_n and_o the_o port_n but_o at_o a_o extraordinary_a rate_n if_o we_o may_v believ_n 110._o procopius_n who_o be_v his_o comtemporarie_a and_o write_v his_o affair_n nor_o do_v they_o imagine_v there_o be_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o over_o the_o land_n or_o people_n who_o about_o 400_o year_n since_o put_v this_o inscription_n upon_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o emperor_n 93._o frederick_n the_o second_o qui_fw-la mare_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la populos_fw-la &_o regna_fw-la subegit_fw-la who_o subdue_v the_o sea_n the_o land_n nation_n and_o kingdom_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o palermo_n in_o which_o place_n notwithstanding_o the_o imperial_a law_n flourish_v at_o that_o time_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman-german_a empire_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v that_o those_o ancient_a lawyer_n do_v deliver_v many_o thing_n careless_o touch_v this_o matter_n not_o only_o such_o as_o thwart_v the_o most_o receive_a custom_n of_o nation_n through_o almost_o all_o age_n but_o such_o also_o as_o do_v sufficient_o contradict_v one_o another_o especial_o whilst_o they_o join_v the_o shore_n itself_o and_o consequent_o the_o port_n together_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o equal_a state_n of_o community_n so_o that_o they_o be_v equal_o
sometime_o slight_a mention_n be_v make_v not_o only_o in_o the_o proêm_n of_o some_o charter_n of_o late_a time_n but_o also_o in_o several_a ancient_a petition_n of_o the_o islander_n that_o those_o island_n belong_v heretofore_o to_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o yet_o we_o know_v as_o well_o that_o those_o province_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v derive_v by_o inheritance_n to_o our_o king_n in_o france_n of_o which_o kind_n true_o these_o island_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v if_o they_o be_v hold_v as_o part_n of_o normandy_n be_v always_o permit_v so_o to_o use_v their_o own_o custom_n and_o ancient_a form_n of_o jurisdiction_n that_o they_o be_v not_o at_o all_o subject_n to_o the_o 19_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o england_n the_o same_o privilege_n be_v ever_o allow_v likewise_o to_o the_o people_n of_o aquitain_n anjou_n normandy_n and_o other_o yea_o and_o some_o age_n since_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v please_v to_o order_n that_o such_o controversy_n as_o happen_v there_o shall_v not_o be_v decide_v in_o any_o other_o place_n out_o of_o the_o island_n but_o in_o their_o own_o court_n of_o judicature_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o reign_v of_o edward_n the_o 2d_o second_o and_o a._n three_o time_n which_o without_o doubt_n make_v good_a search_n into_o that_o right_n whereby_o those_o island_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n there_o be_v justice_n itinerant_a that_o be_v officer_n create_v of_o old_a who_o be_v often_o by_o ordinary_a right_n to_o take_v cognisance_n especial_o of_o the_o more_o heinous_a crime_n through_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n also_o of_o such_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o be_v usurp_v and_o arrogate_a by_o any_o and_o of_o other_o matter_n for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o be_v usual_o bring_v into_o court_n of_o justice_n who_o be_v 16._o sometime_o also_o call_v justitiae_fw-la errantes_fw-la justice_n errant_a be_v wont_a to_o be_v send_v forth_o into_o those_o island_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o county_n of_o england_n though_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v indeed_o exclaim_v and_o sometime_o prefer_v their_o petition_n against_o this_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o very_a officer_n who_o be_v themselves_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n then_o be_v that_o those_o commission_n whereby_o they_o be_v so_o enable_v to_o administer_v justice_n in_o those_o island_n be_v not_o only_o ground_v upon_o law_n which_o be_v the_o opinion_n also_o of_o those_o who_o rule_v at_o that_o time_n in_o this_o nation_n but_o also_o that_o the_o very_a province_n of_o the_o island_n be_v so_o incorporate_v one_o with_o another_o as_o they_o be_v all_o with_o england_n throughout_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o sea_n which_o lie_v between_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o english_a custom_n in_o the_o province_n or_o country_n that_o a_o caus_n be_v sometime_o enlarge_v they_o may_v appoint_v day_n of_o appearance_n to_o any_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o island_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o one_o of_o the_o isle_n in_o the_o other_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v use_v within_o england_n itself_o which_o appear_v by_o the_o commission_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr scardeburgh_n and_o his_o fellow-justice_n in_o the_o time_n of_o scaccarii_fw-la edward_n the_o three_o and_o londinensi_fw-la other_o of_o that_o age._n but_o it_o be_v never_o hear_v i_o suppose_v that_o upon_o such_o a_o enlargement_n a_o time_n of_o appearance_n may_v by_o our_o common_a law_n be_v appoint_v in_o any_o other_o place_n but_o that_o which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n as_o contain_v within_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n whereto_o also_o that_o place_n belong_v out_o of_o which_o any_o one_o be_v so_o adjourn_v nor_o do_v i_o remember_v that_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v ever_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v in_o those_o province_n which_o be_v not_o reckon_v in_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o english_a empire_n yet_o possess_v upon_o another_o title_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o the_o dutchy_n of_o anjou_n normandy_n aquitain_n and_o the_o like_a moreover_o also_o in_o the_o more_o ancient_a charter_n of_o some_o of_o our_o king_n in_o confirmation_n of_o the_o etc._n privilege_n of_o islander_n they_o be_v note_v more_o than_o once_o for_o such_o privilege_n as_o they_o or_o their_o ancestor_n or_o predecessor_n have_v enjoy_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o any_o of_o our_o progenitor_n be_v king_n of_o england_n sure_o if_o it_o have_v be_v then_o believe_v that_o those_o island_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o they_o have_v add_v also_o or_o duke_n of_o normandy_n which_o we_o find_v true_o in_o some_o charter_n of_o 19_o late_a time_n yet_o so_o that_o in_o these_o also_o those_o isle_n be_v say_v in_o express_a term_n and_o that_o upon_o very_o good_a ground_n to_o be_v retain_v in_o sealtie_n and_o obedience_n to_o our_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o islander_n petition_v the_o king_n in_o parliament_n for_o their_o privilege_n and_o custom_n be_v which_o have_v be_v establish_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n annex_v the_o custom_n of_o some_o of_o the_o island_n among_o which_o be_v these_o item_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v question_v about_o his_o freehold_n after_o he_o have_v quiet_o enjoy_v it_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o writ_n take_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n make_v special_a mention_n both_o of_o the_o tenement_n itself_o and_o of_o the_o tenant_n item_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o answer_n before_o the_o king_n justice_n of_o assize_n until_o they_o first_o give_v they_o copy_n of_o their_o commission_n of_o assize_n under_o their_o seal_n item_n that_o the_o king_n justice_n assign_v by_o commission_n for_o the_o bold_v of_o assize_n ought_v not_o to_o hold_v plea_n here_o long_a than_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n true_o these_o ancient_a custom_n seem_v so_o to_o reâ—â—sh_v as_o if_o those_o island_n have_v be_v subject_a to_o our_o king_n &_o their_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n by_o the_o right_n of_o english_a empire_n not_o by_o the_o norman_a although_o the_o islander_n insinuate_v also_o in_o the_o same_o petition_n that_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n of_o normandy_n add_v hereto_o also_o that_o the_o â—sle_n of_o serk_n be_v grant_v by_o queen_n 3_o elisabeth_n to_o herelie_o the_o carteret_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la by_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o a_o feud_n belong_v to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o be_v unaware_o or_o else_o careless_o admit_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o this_o grant_n to_o be_v within_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n but_o in_o the_o treaty_n hold_v at_o chartres_n when_o edward_n the_o three_o renounce_v his_o claim_n to_o normandy_n and_o some_o other_o country_n of_o france_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v add_v that_o no_o controversy_n shall_v remain_v touch_v the_o island_n but_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v all_o island_n whatsoëver_o which_o he_o possess_v at_o that_o time_n whether_o they_o lie_v before_o those_o country_n that_o â—ee_n hold_v or_o 3._o other_o for_o reason_n require_v this_o to_o maintain_v the_o dominion_n by_o sea_n yea_o both_o jersey_n and_o gernsey_n as_o also_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o man_n be_v say_v in_o divers_a treaty_n hold_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o other_o prince_n to_o belong_v unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o to_o lie_v 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upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n as_o aforesaid_a upon_o pain_n of_o such_o chastisement_n as_o shall_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o wilful_a offender_n give_v at_o our_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o 6_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o 7_o the_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1609._o notwithstanding_o this_o proclamation_n the_o netherlander_n proceed_v still_o in_o their_o way_n of_o encroachment_n upon_o our_o sea_n and_o coast_n through_o the_o whole_a reign_n of_o that_o king_n and_o be_v at_o length_n so_o bold_a as_o to_o contest_v with_o he_o and_o endeavour_v to_o baffle_v he_o out_o of_o his_o right_n pretend_v because_o of_o the_o long_a connivance_n of_o himself_o and_o queen_n elisabeth_n that_o they_o have_v a_o right_n of_o their_o own_o by_o immemorial_n possession_n which_o some_o commissioner_n of_o they_o that_o be_v send_v over_o hither_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o plead_v in_o terminis_fw-la to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o though_o the_o king_n out_o of_o his_o tenderness_n to_o they_o insist_v still_o upon_o his_o own_o right_n by_o his_o council_n to_o those_o commissioner_n and_o by_o his_o ambassador_n to_o their_o superior_n yet_o they_o make_v no_o other_o use_n of_o his_o indulgence_n than_o to_o tire_v out_o his_o whole_a reign_n and_o abuse_v his_o patience_n by_o their_o artificial_a delay_n pretence_n shift_n dilatory_a address_n and_o evasive_a answer_n and_o all_o that_o the_o king_n gain_v by_o the_o tedious_a dispute_n overture_n and_o dispatch_n to_o and_o again_o be_v in_o conclusion_n only_o a_o verbal_a acknowledgement_n of_o those_o right_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o they_o acknowledge_v they_o usual_o design_v to_o invade_v with_o much_o more_o insolence_n than_o before_o but_o you_o have_v the_o main_a of_o what_o pass_v in_o those_o day_n in_o this_o particular_a with_o their_o insolent_a demeanour_n lively_o describe_v in_o these_o follow_a collection_n take_v out_o of_o several_a dispatch_n that_o pass_v betwixt_o secretary_n naunton_n and_o dudley_n carlton_n lord_n ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o a_o letter_n of_o secretary_n naunton_n to_o the_o say_a ambassador_n date_v at_o white-hall_n the_o 21_o of_o december_n 1618._o i_o find_v these_o passage_n i_o must_v now_o let_v your_o lordship_n know_v that_o the_o state_n be_v commissioner_n and_o deputy_n both_o have_v attend_v his_o majesty_n at_o newmarket_n and_o there_o present_v their_o letter_n of_o credence_n return_v to_o london_n on_o saturday_n be_v a_o seven-night_n and_o upon_o tuesday_n have_v audience_n in_o the_o council-chamber_n where_o be_v require_v to_o communicate_v the_o point_n of_o their_o commission_n they_o deliver_v their_o meditate_a answer_n at_o length_n the_o lord_n upon_o perusal_n of_o it_o appoint_v my_o lord_n bine_v and_o i_o to_o attend_v his_o majesty_n for_o
much_o of_o the_o same_o tenderness_n be_v express_v afterward_o by_o king_n james_n because_o as_o in_o the_o former_a reign_n so_o in_o he_o it_o be_v count_v reason_n of_o state_n to_o permit_v they_o to_o thrive_v but_o they_o turn_v that_o favourable_a permission_n into_o a_o licentious_a encroach_a beyond_o due_a limit_n put_v the_o king_n to_o a_o world_n of_o trouble_n and_o charge_n by_o ambassy_n and_o otherwise_o to_o assert_v his_o own_o interest_n and_o dispute_v they_o into_o a_o reasonable_a submission_n to_o those_o right_n which_o have_v be_v receive_v before_o as_o indisputable_a by_o all_o the_o world_n for_o the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o refer_v your_o honour_n to_o the_o memorial_n of_o several_a transaction_n in_o those_o day_n which_o i_o have_v add_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n and_o for_o which_o i_o stand_v indebt_v as_o i_o be_o also_o for_o many_o other_o favour_n to_o a_o right_n honourable_a member_n of_o your_o own_o great_a assembly_n by_o the_o same_o also_o it_o will_v appear_v how_o this_o people_n perceive_v that_o king_n to_o be_v of_o a_o temper_n dispose_v to_o use_v no_o other_o argument_n but_o word_n hold_v he_o in_o play_n with_o word_n again_o and_o while_o they_o trifle_v out_o his_o reign_n in_o debate_n and_o treaty_n carry_v on_o their_o design_n still_o to_o such_o a_o height_n by_o a_o collusion_n of_o agency_n and_o ventilation_n to_o and_o again_o and_o a_o daily_a intrusion_n upon_o the_o territory_n by_o sea_n that_o in_o time_n they_o dare_v plead_v and_o print_v mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la and_o after_o his_o son_n charles_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n they_o in_o effect_n make_v it_o so_o for_o though_o he_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o his_o own_o right_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o esteem_n of_o this_o book_n his_o preparation_n and_o proclamation_n for_o restraint_n of_o fish_v without_o licence_n etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o never_o make_v any_o far_a use_n of_o they_o than_o to_o milk_n 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itself_o and_o therefore_o let_v i_o have_v leave_v here_o without_o flattery_n or_o vanity_n to_o say_v though_o in_o other_o thing_n i_o may_v injure_v the_o eminent_a author_n yet_o in_o this_o he_o will_v be_v a_o gainer_n that_o his_o book_n be_v now_o fall_v under_o a_o more_o noble_a patronage_n in_o the_o tuition_n of_o such_o heroïck_a patriot_n who_o observe_v the_o error_n and_o defect_n of_o former_a ruler_n be_v resolve_v to_o see_v our_o sea-territorie_n as_o brave_o maintain_v by_o the_o sword_n as_o it_o be_v by_o his_o learned_a pen._n it_o be_v a_o gallant_a sight_n to_o see_v the_o sword_n and_o pen_n in_o victorious_a equipage_n together_o for_o this_o subdue'_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n by_o reason_n that_o only_o their_o body_n by_o force_n the_o pen_n it_o be_v which_o manifest'_v the_o right_n of_o thing_n and_o when_o that_o be_v once_o clear_v it_o give_v we_o spur_n to_o resolution_n because_o man_n be_v never_o raise_v to_o so_o high_a a_o pitch_n of_o 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the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o this_o island_n have_v in_o all_o time_n whereof_o there_o remain_n any_o write_a testimony_n both_o before_o the_o old_a roman_a invasion_n and_o since_o under_o every_o revolution_n down_o to_o the_o present_a age_n be_v hold_v and_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o world_n as_o a_o inseparable_a appendant_a of_o the_o british_a empire_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o king_n of_o england_n successive_o have_v have_v the_o sovereign_a guard_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o they_o have_v impose_v tax_n and_o tribute_n upon_o all_o ship_n pass_v and_o fish_v therein_o that_o they_o have_v obstruct_v and_o open_v the_o passage_n thereof_o to_o stranger_n at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o do_v all_o other_o thing_n that_o may_v testify_v a_o absolute_a sea-dominion_n what_o english_a heart_n i_o say_v can_v consider_v these_o thing_n together_o with_o the_o late_a act_n of_o the_o netherlander_n set_v forth_o in_o your_o public_a declaration_n and_o not_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o indignation_n answerable_a to_o their_o insolence_n that_o these_o people_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o dust_n at_o first_o into_o a_o state_n of_o liberty_n and_o at_o length_n to_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o power_n and_o felicity_n by_o the_o arm_n and_o benevolence_n of_o england_n or_o that_o they_o who_o in_o time_n past_a dare_v never_o enter_v our_o sea_n to_o touch_v a_o herring_n without_o licence_n first_o obtain_v by_o petition_n from_o the_o governor_n of_o scarborough-castle_n shall_v now_o presume_v to_o invade_v they_o with_o arm_a fleet_n and_o by_o a_o most_o unjust_a war_n bid_v defiance_n to_o the_o unite_a power_n of_o these_o three_o nation_n have_v they_o dare_v to_o do_v this_o in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o king_n i_o suppose_v they_o even_o the_o worst_a of_o they_o will_v have_v check_v and_o chastise_v they_o with_o a_o resolution_n suitable_a to_o their_o monstrous_a ingratitude_n for_o however_o some_o of_o they_o be_v whole_o busy_v in_o vex_v and_o undermine_v the_o people_n liberty_n at_o home_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o very_a jealous_a of_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o sea_n and_o good_a reason_n they_o have_v for_o it_o since_o without_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o sovereignty_n there_o the_o island_n itself_o have_v be_v but_o a_o great_a prison_n and_o themselves_o and_o the_o native_n but_o so_o many_o captive_n and_o vassal_n to_o their_o neighbour_n round_o about_o not_o so_o much_o seclude_v as_o exclude_v from_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o upon_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o king_n ever_o conceive_v and_o maintain_v themselves_o as_o much_o monarch_n by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n and_o the_o same_o you_o will_v find_v here_o be_v receive_v by_o all_o other_o state_n and_o prince_n the_o land_n and_o water_n that_o surround_n it_n make_v one_o entire_a body_n and_o territorie_n moreover_o our_o own_o municipal_a constitution_n every_o where_o declare_v the_o same_o as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o several_a precedent_n and_o proceed_n thereunto_o relate_v which_o manifest_o show_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n our_o king_n be_v proprietary_a lord_n of_o our_o sea_n that_o the_o sea_n of_o engl._n be_v ever_o under_o the_o legiance_n of_o our_o king_n and_o they_o sovereign_a conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n as_o well_o upon_o the_o sea_n as_o land_n now_o therefore_o right_a honourable_a when_o i_o look_v upon_o you_o and_o behold_v you_o more_o high_o entrust_v than_o king_n and_o far_o more_o noble_o adorn_v upon_o a_o better_a ground_n than_o they_o be_v with_o all_o the_o right_n interest_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o people_n when_o i_o consider_v how_o god_n have_v wrest_v the_o sword_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n and_o place_v it_o in_o you_o for_o our_o protection_n with_o the_o conservation_n of_o our_o peace_n and_o
form_n of_o donation_n and_o therefore_o that_o be_v very_o vain_a which_o be_v object_v by_o some_o 16._o that_o the_o earth_n be_v give_v to_o the_o child_n of_o man_n but_o that_o 5._o the_o sea_n belong_v only_o to_o god_n himself_o as_o if_o dominion_n not_o common_a indeed_o but_o only_o a_o common_a use_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v permit_v by_o the_o word_n of_o holy_a scripture_n and_o as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o say_v in_o like_a manner_n 4._o the_o earth_n be_v the_o lord_n and_o fullness_n thereof_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v his_o also_o who_o know_v not_o that_o such_o say_n as_o these_o can_v in_o any_o wise_a weaken_v the_o dominion_n of_o mankind_n for_o whatsoëver_o be_v acquire_v by_o man_n still_o god_n almighty_a as_o father_n of_o the_o univers_n rete_v his_o supreme_a dominion_n both_o over_o man_n as_o also_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o never_o be_v deny_v yet_o by_o any_o sober_a man_n but_o the_o controversy_n be_v about_o the_o dominion_n of_o man_n to_o wit_n that_o which_o comprehend'_v any_o enjoiment_n or_o propriety_n whatsoëver_o save_v still_o that_o right_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o god_n which_o can_v be_v diminish_v and_o the_o distinction_n about_o this_o matter_n be_v very_o ordinary_a in_o the_o school_n according_a to_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o dominion_n nothing_o whatsoëver_o much_o less_o may_v the_o sea_n belong_v unto_o man_n according_a to_o the_o second_o all_o thing_n indeed_o be_v or_o may_v be_v they_o which_o can_v be_v apprehend_v seize_v and_o possess_v and_o moreover_o that_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n express_v mention_n be_v make_v more_o than_o once_o of_o such_o a_o seizure_n possession_n or_o private_a dominion_n as_o this_o whereof_o we_o treat_v and_o that_o as_o of_o a_o thing_n lawful_o bring_v in_o use_n there_o we_o find_v that_o the_o man_n of_o tyre_n be_v lord_n and_o master_n of_o the_o phaenician_a and_o the_o egyptian_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a sea_n concern_v the_o phaenician_a say_v the_o prophet_n unto_o tyrus_n 16._o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o sea_n shall_v come_v down_o from_o their_o throne_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o shall_v take_v up_o a_o lamentation_n for_o thou_o and_o say_v to_o thou_o how_o be_v thou_o destroy_v that_o be_v inhabit_v of_o seafaring_a man_n the_o renown_a city_n which_o waste_v strong_a in_o the_o sea_n here_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o tyrian_n at_o sea_n be_v plain_o set_v forth_o and_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n 4._o thy_o border_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n or_o heart_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o we_o read_v it_o in_o the_o hebrew_n and_o also_o in_o a_o arundelianâ_fw-la arabian_a manuscript_n which_o render_v it_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o both_o the_o greek_a and_o vulgar_a translation_n differ_v there_o from_o the_o original_a it_o follow_v we_o also_o thus_o 9_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o their_o mariner_n be_v thou_o to_o occupy_v thy_o merchandise_n in_o stead_n of_o which_o last_o word_n these_o be_v put_v in_o the_o greek_a copy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d even_o westward_o of_o the_o west_n or_o through_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o main_a or_o western_a sea_n that_o be_v the_o phaenician_a or_o syrian_a again_o 2._o because_o thy_o heart_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o thou_o have_v say_v i_o be_o a_o god_n i_o sit_v in_o the_o seat_n of_o god_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o threaten_v not_o the_o tyrian_a because_o he_o have_v get_v he_o a_o dominion_n over_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n but_o because_o be_v lift_v up_o with_o pride_n he_o have_v take_v unto_o himself_o the_o name_n of_o god_n the_o tyrian_a be_v call_v likewise_o in_o another_o scripture_n the_o 4._o sea_n itself_o and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o concern_v the_o egyptian_a sea_n another_o prophet_n speak_v thus_o unto_o ninive_n be_v thou_o better_v then_o populous_a alexandria_n in_o the_o original_a the_o city_n be_v call_v no_o take_v here_o for_o alexandria_n which_o be_v situate_a among_o the_o river_n that_o have_v the_o water_n round_o about_o it_o who_o riches_n and_o strength_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hebrew_n or_o as_o the_o greek_a render_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v who_o empire_n or_o dominion_n be_v the_o sea_n moreover_o it_o seem_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o king_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o of_o island_n 10._o the_o king_n of_o tarshish_n and_o of_o the_o isle_n shall_v bring_v present_n for_o tarshish_n or_o tharsis_n in_o hebrew_a signify_v the_o sea_n 2._o as_o it_o be_v often_o confess_v both_o by_o the_o greek_a and_o chaldee_n interpreter_n although_o munster_n a_o man_n otherwise_o very_o learned_a speak_v unadvised_o upon_o the_o forementioned_a place_n and_o will_v not_o have_v tharsis_n there_o to_o signify_v the_o sea_n because_o say_v he_o king_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v at_o sea_n but_o rule_v only_o upon_o land_n forget_v what_o we_o have_v already_o tell_v you_o that_o express_a mention_n be_v make_v by_o ezechiel_n concern_v prince_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o which_o agree'_v also_o that_o say_n 25._o i_o will_v set_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o his_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o flood_n upon_o which_o place_n aben-ezra_n note_n be_v that_o god_n almighty_a assign_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o unto_o king_n david_n that_o he_o may_v rule_v over_o those_o that_o sail_v either_o through_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o river_n it_o be_v write_v thus_o likewise_o in_o the_o apocrypha_fw-la 4._o o_o you_o man_n do_v not_o man_n excel_v in_o strength_n that_o bear_v rule_n over_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o all_o thing_n in_o they_o but_o yet_o the_o king_n be_v more_o mighty_a for_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n and_o have_v dominion_n over_o they_o and_o in_o another_o place_n say_v the_o angel_n to_o esdras_n 7._o the_o sea_n be_v set_v in_o a_o wide_a place_n that_o it_o may_v be_v deep_a and_o great_a but_o put_v case_n the_o entrance_n be_v narrow_a and_o like_o a_o river_n who_o then_o can_v enter_v the_o sea_n to_o look_v upon_o it_o and_o have_v dominion_n over_o it_o iâ—_n he_o go_v not_o through_o the_o narrow_a the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o land_n be_v grant_v alike_o in_o both_o these_o place_n it_o be_v say_v also_o of_o king_n ahasuerus_n 1._o that_o he_o make_v not_o only_o the_o land_n but_o all_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o become_v tributary_n which_o word_n true_o do_v clear_o show_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o so_o they_o be_v express_v in_o the_o vulgar_a edition_n out_o of_o the_o hebrew_n original_a which_o be_v lose_v but_o the_o greek_a copy_n be_v more_o plain_a there_o 〈◊〉_d the_o king_n write_v to_o his_o kingdom_n of_o the_o land_n and_o sea_n nor_o must_v we_o omit_v that_o of_o moses_n when_o he_o bless_v the_o people_n 23._o and_o of_o naphtali_n he_o say_v naphtali_n shall_v enjoy_v abundance_n and_o be_v full_a with_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o lord_n he_o shall_v possess_v or_o inherit_v the_o sea_n and_o the_o south_n as_o the_o â—â—lgar_a and_o the_o greek_a do_v render_v that_o place_n but_o by_o many_o other_o the_o sea_n be_v take_v there_o for_o the_o westquarter_n as_o it_o be_v often_o in_o the_o scripture_n yet_o true_o it_o be_v clear_v those_o word_n be_v mean_v of_o the_o sea_n of_o galilee_n or_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o tiberias_n not_o of_o the_o great_a or_o phaenician_a sea_n which_o lie_v westward_o because_o the_o land_n of_o naphtali_n be_v situate_a near_o that_o lake_n which_o also_o be_v often_o call_v the_o sea_n as_o it_o appear_v likewise_o out_o of_o onkelus_n his_o paraphrase_n where_o express_a mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o sea_n of_o genesareth_n call_v also_o the_o lake_n of_o tiberias_n or_o the_o sea_n of_o chinnereth_n and_o by_o this_o name_n it_o pass_v with_o the_o salt_n sea_n or_o the_o lake_n of_o asphaltites_n in_o the_o 3_o sacred_a description_n of_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n but_o the_o former_a place_n of_o deuteronomie_n be_v â—…usly_o render_v by_o rupert_n the_o abbot_n of_o tuitiuâ—_n 18._o maâ—e_n &_o meridiem_fw-la possidebit_fw-la for_o mare_n &_o meridiem_fw-la he_o shall_v possess_v the_o morning_n and_o the_o south_n for_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o south_n however_o it_o be_v clear_a i_o suppose_v out_o of_o the_o place_n allege_v such_o plain_a testimony_n be_v find_v in_o holy_a writ_n touch_v such_o a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o according_a to_o the_o universal_a permissive_a law_n any_o man_n may_v acquire_v it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n and_o true_o as_o for_o those_o place_n quote_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n concern_v the_o
have_v without_o leave_v of_o the_o lord_n or_o possessor_n there_o be_v also_o a_o very_a ancient_a custom_n use_v in_o the_o fast_a that_o when_o great_a king_n have_v design_n to_o bring_v any_o nation_n under_o their_o power_n command_v the_o pledge_n of_o empire_n and_o dominion_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o they_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o demand_v water_n and_o earth_n together_o that_o be_v to_o say_v there_o quire_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o bring_v earth_n and_o water_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o prepare_v earth_n and_o water_n they_o conceive_v that_o their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n be_v signify_v by_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o pledge_n or_o token_n thus_o 4._o darius_n demand_v earth_n and_o water_n from_o indathyrsus_n king_n of_o the_o scythian_n thus_o 9_o xerxes_n from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o thus_o both_o of_o they_o from_o the_o people_n of_o coos_n which_o be_v witness_v by_o the_o coan_n themselves_o in_o a_o public_a decree_n or_o epistle_n in_o answer_n to_o artaxerxes_n his_o most_o imperious_a demand_n that_o hypocrates_n shall_v be_v render_v up_o to_o he_o wherein_o the_o coan_n slight_v the_o threat_n of_o that_o great_a king_n decree_v that_o what_o hazard_n soêver_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o run_v hypocrates_n shall_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v render_v they_o add_v also_o to_o that_o decree_n 9_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n how_o that_o when_o his_o predecessor_n darius_n and_o xerxes_n have_v by_o their_o letter_n demand_v earth_n and_o water_n the_o people_n of_o coos_n do_v in_o no_o wise_n yield_v it_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v satisfy_v that_o those_o who_o have_v send_v unto_o they_o be_v mortal_a as_o well_o as_o other_o man_n and_o in_o the_o greek_a copy_n of_o the_o history_n of_o judith_n nabuchodonosor_n be_v about_o to_o denounce_v war_n against_o the_o neighbor-nation_n say_v express_o the_o form_n of_o submission_n which_o he_o expect_v be_v gracâ—_n that_o they_o shall_v provide_v for_o he_o earth_n and_o water_n unless_o they_o conceiv_v themselves_o to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o water_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n i_o do_v not_o well_o see_v wherefore_o they_o shall_v demand_v earth_n and_o water_n as_o token_n of_o universal_a dominion_n moreover_o also_o achme_n ben_n seirim_n a_o arabian_a write_v of_o the_o sea_n say_v that_o according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o indian_n persian_n and_o egyptian_n in_o expound_v of_o dream_n 178._o if_o any_o one_o in_o a_o dream_n seem_v to_o himself_o to_o be_v make_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o shall_v be_v heir_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o shall_v reign_v add_v hereunto_o that_o oracle_n of_o delos_n concern_v the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o athenian_n the_o man_n of_o athens_n offer_v sacrifice_n in_o delos_n a_o boy_n that_o draw_v water_n to_o wash_v their_o hand_n pour_v fish_n out_o of_o the_o pot_n together_o with_o the_o water_n hereupon_o this_o oracle_n be_v deliver_v by_o the_o priest_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o they_o shall_v become_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o author_n be_v one_o semus_n a_o ancient_a writer_n in_o 8._o athenaeus_n where_o phylarchus_n also_o relate_n how_o that_o when_o patroclus_n a_o captain_n of_o ptolemy_n the_o son_n of_o lagus_n have_v send_v fish_n and_o fresh_a fig_n together_o unto_o king_n antigonus_n and_o those_o that_o stand_v by_o be_v in_o doubt_n what_o be_v mean_v by_o that_o present_a antigonus_z say_v he_o himself_o very_o well_o apprehend_v what_o may_v be_v the_o meaning_n of_o patroclus_n for_o say_v he_o either_o patroclus_n mean_n 〈◊〉_d that_o we_o must_v get_v the_o sovereignty_n or_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o else_o gnaw_v figs._n or_o that_o he_o must_v seem_v slothful_a and_o effeminate_a or_o become_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o he_o make_v no_o doubt_n touch_v private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o there_o also_o the_o glutton_n in_o antiphanes_n the_o comedian_n say_v it_o be_v neither_o profitable_a for_o life_n nor_o to_o be_v endure_v that_o some_o of_o you_o shall_v claim_v the_o sea_n as_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o and_o spend_v much_o money_n upon_o it_o but_o no_o victual_n for_o navigation_n not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o bit_n add_v also_o that_o of_o theocritus_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o ptolomeus_n philadelphus_n king_n of_o egypt_n over_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n 17._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v lord_n of_o much_o land_n and_o also_o of_o much_o sea_n and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o pamphilian_a lycian_a and_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o remain_a sea_n that_o the_o whole_a sea_n and_o land_n and_o river_n be_v subject_a to_o king_n ptolemy_n also_o noe._n philo_n judeus_fw-la say_v let_v not_o prince_n glory_n in_o that_o they_o have_v conquer_v many_o nation_n or_o that_o they_o have_v bring_v all_o the_o river_n and_o sea_n so_o exceed_v vast_a both_o in_o number_n and_o magnitude_n under_o their_o power_n moreover_o though_o isocrates_n in_o his_o oration_n concern_v peace_n seem_v to_o hint_n that_o the_o sea-dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n which_o the_o athenian_n endeavour_v to_o maintain_v bring_v many_o mischief_n upon_o they_o and_o also_o that_o it_o sometime_o occasion_v they_o to_o use_v tyranny_n against_o the_o neighbor-city_n of_o greece_n yet_o he_o dispute_n it_n as_o a_o thing_n that_o may_v come_v into_o examination_n under_o the_o account_n of_o profitable_a and_o unprofitable_a and_o by_o accident_n of_o unjust_a but_o he_o do_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a endeavour_n to_o prove_v it_o unjust_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o yea_o in_o another_o place_n he_o sufficient_o commend'_v that_o dominion_n though_o not_o all_o thing_n in_o preserve_v it_o and_o the_o same_o panathenaïco_n author_n say_v express_o of_o both_o city_n the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o athenian_a it_o happen_v that_o both_o city_n do_v enjoy_v a_o command_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o when_o either_o of_o they_o hold_v they_o have_v most_o of_o the_o other_o city_n obedient_a thereto_o we_o read_v also_o a_o dispute_n in_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d concern_v a_o communion_n or_o common_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o wit_n whether_o it_o may_v be_v convenient_a or_o not_o for_o a_o well_o order_v city_n whether_o it_o be_v better_a it_o shall_v remain_v common_a to_o all_o man_n so_o that_o no_o man_n may_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v deny_v passage_n traffic_n merchandise_n and_o fish_v or_o that_o the_o use_n of_o it_o may_v be_v so_o restrain_v that_o it_o may_v be_v receive_v into_o the_o dominion_n of_o any_o city_n so_o as_o to_o exclude_v foreigner_n he_o dispute_n this_o point_n whether_o it_o be_v profitable_a or_o unprofitable_a but_o question_n be_v it_o not_o at_o all_o as_o unjust_a have_v be_v abundant_o instruct_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o touch_v a_o propriety_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n also_o his_o scholar_n alexander_n the_o macedonian_a be_v victorious_a in_o the_o east_n prepare_v for_o a_o expedition_n against_o europe_n that_o he_o may_v become_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n and_o sea_n as_o say_v the_o emperor_n encomio_fw-la julian_n and_o true_o among_o the_o people_n of_o greece_n especial_o such_o as_o border_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o other_o of_o that_o nature_n in_o the_o east_n to_o hold_v supreme_a power_n and_o sovereignty_n above_o other_o and_o to_o enjoy_v a_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v acoount_v almost_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n nor_o do_v they_o conceiv_v that_o can_v be_v obtain_v without_o this_o from_o whence_o arise_v that_o council_n of_o themistocles_n which_o pompey_n the_o great_a also_o follow_v at_o rome_n themistocle_n qui_fw-la mare_fw-la teneat_fw-la eum_fw-la necesse_fw-la esse_fw-la rerum_fw-la potiri_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o which_o can_v possess_v the_o sea_n must_v need_n be_v have_v command_n of_o all_o so_o also_o say_v jsaac_n 199._o casaubon_n upon_o polybius_n to_o have_v dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v express_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v whole_o and_o ever_o have_v be_v a_o great_a strengthen_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o pledge_n of_o extraordinary_a power_n therefore_o the_o old_a writer_n of_o chronicle_n among_o the_o grecian_n see_v before_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o olympiad_n there_o be_v no_o sovereign_a power_n of_o any_o people_n of_o greece_n in_o be_v upon_o who_o action_n a_o knowledge_n of_o time_n may_v be_v ground_v therefore_o among_o the_o other_o time_n that_o they_o make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o compute_v of_o time_n they_o omit_v not_o that_o particular_a but_o careful_o keep_v a_o account_n of_o those_o people_n who_o have_v once_o enjoy_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o
grant_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o northern_a or_o norwegian_a sea_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n to_o our_o merchant_n of_o the_o muscovie_n company_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o if_o he_o have_v rent_v out_o any_o land_n whereof_o he_o stand_v full_o seize_v and_o possess_v he_o limit_v the_o grant_n also_o with_o such_o condition_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a the_o public_a instrument_n or_o record_n about_o this_o particular_a be_v cottoniano_n yet_o extant_a whereby_o the_o king_n have_v a_o annual_a tribute_n in_o recompense_n other_o merchant_n be_v exclude_v and_o the_o grant_v itself_o be_v to_o continue_v no_o long_o than_o the_o peace_n make_v between_o that_o king_n and_o the_o moscovit_fw-la we_o read_v also_o in_o the_o ancient_a history_n of_o denmark_n of_o king_n harald_n hildetan_n that_o no_o man_n do_v presume_v to_o usurp_v a_o domination_n in_o the_o sea_n without_o his_o consent_n and_o that_o which_o follow_v we_o next_o ought_v especial_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o to_o this_o particular_a because_o the_o empire_n of_o land_n and_o sea_n be_v once_o divide_v in_o the_o republic_n of_o denmark_n and_o olo_n who_o afterward_o be_v king_n succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n vanquish_v lxx_o king_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o sea-fight_n which_o thing_n be_v write_v by_o 7._o saxon_a grammaticus_n and_o other_o also_o of_o that_o kind_n and_o in_o the_o regis_fw-la treaty_n hold_v at_o koppenhagen_n betwixt_o christiern_n the_o four_o of_o denmark_n and_o gustavus_n adolphus_n of_o swedland_n the_o king_n of_o swedland_n renounce_v the_o right_a sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o other_o royalty_n by_o he_o former_o claim_v over_o the_o say_a sea_n in_o norway_n norland_n and_o in_o the_o jurisaiction_n of_o wardhuisen_n but_o touch_v the_o sea_n of_o norway_n as_o it_o lie_v more_o northward_o we_o shall_v add_v more_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n mention_n be_v make_v likewise_o of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o dominion_n thereof_o in_o that_o promise_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o french_a ambassador_n in_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n iii_o of_o france_n when_o he_o be_v elect_v king_n of_o poland_n the_o aforesaid_a ambassador_n do_v promise_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a king_n now_o choose_v that_o assoon_o god_n will_v as_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o his_o kingdom_n he_o will_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n maintain_v a_o convenient_a navy_n sufficient_a to_o defend_v the_o port_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o province_n adjoin_v even_o to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o whole_a dominion_n of_o poland_n as_o it_o be_v record_v by_o janus_n januszowskius_n in_o his_o 109._o syntagma_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o poland_n but_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n who_o by_o conquest_n succeed_v in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n and_o so_o purchase_v both_o the_o aegean_a and_o euxin_n sea_n call_v this_o the_o black_a the_o other_o the_o white_a sea_n be_v wont_v solemn_o to_o entitle_v himself_o lord_n both_o of_o the_o white_a and_o black_a sea_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o league_n betwixt_o achmet_n the_o ottoman_a emperor_n and_o henry_n the_o iv_o of_o france_n make_v above_o thirty_o year_n since_o and_o 1615._o print_v both_o in_o the_o french_a and_o turkish_a tongue_n moreover_o in_o the_o same_o league_n the_o turk_n grant_n the_o french_a free_a leave_v to_o fish_n and_o search_v for_o coral_n in_o certain_a streit_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o african_a sea_n within_o his_o kingdom_n of_o algiers_n and_o tunis_n and_o he_o far_a confirm_n all_o that_o have_v be_v grant_v to_o they_o by_o his_o predecessor_n for_o freedom_n of_o fish_v in_o those_o part_n in_o like_a manner_n 2._o coriolanus_n cippicus_n relate_v the_o action_n of_o pietrâ—_n mocenigo_n general_n of_o the_o venetian_n say_v the_o ottoman_a emperor_n build_v two_o castle_n very_o well_o fortify_v over_o against_o each_o other_o on_o both_o side_n the_o hellespont_n in_o its_o narrow_a passage_n which_o he_o store_v with_o ordnance_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n and_o charge_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o shoot_v and_o sink_v any_o ship_n that_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o pass_v without_o leave_v which_o be_v plain_o to_o domineer_v over_o the_o sea_n and_o agreeable_a to_o his_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o white_a and_o black_a sea_n neither_o be_v that_o to_o be_v slight_v here_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o letter_n of_o david_n emperor_n of_o ethiopia_n or_o the_o abassins_n to_o emmanuël_n king_n of_o portugal_n he_o entitle_v he_o moâ—â—lus_fw-la lord_n of_o africa_n and_o guinee_n and_o the_o mountain_n and_o island_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o of_o the_o red_a sea_n arabia_n and_o persia_n and_o armutia_n great_a india_n etc._n etc._n he_o use_v here_o a_o hyperbole_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o african_a prince_n and_o attribute_n those_o thing_n to_o emmanuël_n which_o be_v none_o of_o he_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o admit_n that_n he_o may_v have_v be_v lord_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n as_o well_o as_o of_o any_o other_o territory_n and_o that_o that_o title_n do_v not_o entrench_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o nation_n any_o more_o than_o this_o now_o that_o we_o may_v at_o length_n conclude_v this_o part_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o admit_v among_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v lawful_a and_o receive_v into_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n there_o be_v not_o only_o very_o many_o testimony_n every_o where_o as_o have_v be_v show_v you_o concern_v it_o but_o nothing_o at_o all_o i_o suppose_v can_v be_v find_v to_o impugn_v it_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v be_v of_o any_o note_n in_o late_a time_n unless_o it_o be_v where_o some_o of_o they_o that_o be_v borderer_n upon_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o other_o do_v strive_v to_o violate_v or_o infringe_v the_o right_n of_o their_o neighbour_n under_o pretence_n of_o that_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a community_n so_o often_o insist_v on_o out_o of_o ulpian_n by_o such_o writer_n as_o too_o much_o prefer_v that_o obsolete_a opinion_n before_o the_o universal_a and_o most_o ancient_a custom_n of_o nation_n of_o which_o kind_n true_o the_o first_o article_n of_o that_o league_n seem_v to_o be_v which_o be_v make_v above_o twenty_o or_o about_o thirty_o year_n past_a betwixt_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o some_o of_o the_o hans-town_n as_o it_o be_v translate_v out_o of_o low-dutch_a by_o a_o 14._o dutchman_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o this_o conjunction_n or_o union_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v intend_v for_o the_o offence_n of_o any_o but_o only_o for_o the_o preservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o freedom_n of_o navigation_n commerce_n and_o merchant_n in_o the_o eastern_a and_o northern_a sea_n and_o also_o in_o all_o river_n and_o stream_n run_v into_o the_o eastern_a and_o northern_a sea_n nor_o ought_v any_o other_o thing_n to_o be_v mean_v in_o this_o place_n so_o that_o their_o citizen_n and_o subject_n join_v in_o this_o league_n respective_o may_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n use_v and_o enjoy_v the_o liberty_n acquire_v and_o obtain_v together_o with_o the_o right_n privilege_n and_o custom_n receive_v from_o their_o ancestor_n throughout_o the_o eastern_a and_o northern_a sea_n aforesaid_a and_o in_o the_o aforesaid_a river_n stream_n and_o water_n without_o any_o let_v or_o impediment_n they_o promise_v also_o to_o aid_v each_o other_o in_o oppose_v any_o that_o shall_v hinder_v such_o a_o freedom_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o northern_a and_o eastern_a sea_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o baltic_a and_o that_o which_o wash_v the_o coast_n of_o denmark_n lituania_n pomerania_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n where_o it_o seem_v they_o pretend_v not_o only_o right_n and_o liberty_n peculiar_o grant_v to_o they_o long_o since_o but_o also_o to_o the_o very_a law_n of_o all_o nation_n it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o guess_v what_o the_o intent_n of_o that_o league_n may_v be_v for_o about_o that_o time_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v raise_v his_o toll_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n within_o his_o territory_n by_o sea_n and_o that_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o dominion_n which_o they_o enjoy_v which_o that_o kind_n of_o league_n betwixt_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hans_n town_n and_o unite_a province_n do_v seem_v to_o oppose_v but_o to_o pass_v over_o these_o thing_n see_v a_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o point_n in_o question_n be_v found_v upon_o such_o clear_a testimony_n out_o of_o the_o custom_n
such_o a_o account_n will_v have_v be_v either_o useless_a or_o too_o difficult_a for_o those_o that_o be_v not_o use_v to_o the_o sea_n yea_o without_o doubt_n it_o be_v no_o small_a cause_n of_o their_o calling_n the_o saxon_n into_o the_o island_n that_o they_o be_v most_o expert_a seaman_n may_v guard_v the_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v new_o desert_v by_o the_o roman_a navy_n lay_v open_a at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n on_o every_o side_n thus_o much_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v signify_v by_o 1._o ethelwerd_n a_o ancient_a writer_n speak_v of_o their_o come_n hither_o in_o those_o day_n say_v he_o the_o britain_n herd_n that_o the_o saxon_a be_v a_o nation_n active_a in_o piracie_n or_o navigation_n and_o strong_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o necessary_n for_o war_n throughout_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o the_o river_n rhine_n as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n donia_n which_o be_v now_o common_o call_v danemare_n to_o they_o therefore_o they_o send_v messenger_n with_o extraordinary_a great_a present_n desire_v aid_n promise_v they_o a_o peaceable_a intercour_n and_o amity_n thus_o they_o that_o be_v wont_v before_o to_o infest_v the_o british_a sea_n be_v invite_v to_o its_o protection_n and_o amity_n and_o true_o that_o the_o britain_n have_v a_o very_a special_a care_n at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o sea-affair_n and_o so_o of_o the_o guardianship_n of_o their_o sea_n appear_v from_o thence_o that_o in_o the_o story_n of_o britain_n we_o read_v concern_v the_o most_o famous_a king_n arthur_n and_o prince_n malgo_n that_o by_o many_o bloody_a battle_n they_o either_o add_v or_o recover_v six_o comprovincial_a isle_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o geofferie_n of_o monmouth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v ireland_n and_o shetland_n gotland_n the_o orcades_n norwey_n and_o denmark_n dacia_n to_o their_o dominion_n yea_o and_o groenland_n and_o all_o the_o other_o country_n and_o island_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o russia_n and_o many_o other_o island_n beyond_o 137._o scantia_n even_o to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o north._n and_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o nennius_n the_o scholar_n of_o cottonianâ_fw-la elvodugus_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o this_o time_n to_o wit_n that_o cuneda_n the_o grandfather_n of_o magolcunus_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o southern_a britain_n drive_v the_o scot_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n and_o island_n of_o britain_n certain_o for_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o very_a great_a strength_n in_o ship_v for_o the_o guard_n and_o security_n of_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n it_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n as_o also_o from_o their_o force_n and_o victory_n by_o sea_n that_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n who_o rule_v the_o south-part_n of_o britain_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n chap._n x._o beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v of_o the_o saxon_n during_o their_o reign_n here_o there_o be_v also_o in_o ancient_a record_n divers_a other_o particular_n which_o more_o plain_o show_v that_o both_o they_o and_o the_o dane_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n whilst_o they_o reign_v in_o britain_n those_o particular_n i_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n the_o first_o respect_n the_o original_a of_o the_o most_o potent_a kingdom_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o second_o the_o naval_a force_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o follow_a time_n the_o three_o the_o tribute_n and_o duty_n of_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n belong_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n last_o several_a plain_n and_o most_o evident_a testimony_n concern_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o english-saxon_a king_n at_o that_o time_n over_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a i_o reckon_v both_o the_o come_n of_o octha_n and_o ebissa_n invite_v hither_o by_o vortigern_n upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o hengist_n as_o also_o the_o arrival_n of_o king_n aella_n in_o sussex_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o southern_a shore_n they_o of_o the_o northern_a concern_v the_o naval_a force_n of_o octha_n and_o ebissa_n 91._o nennius_n the_o scholar_n of_o el._n vodugus_fw-la who_o usual_o pass_v up_o and_o down_o also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o gildas_n speak_v thus_o they_o sail_v about_o the_o pict_n with_o forty_o vessel_n call_v narrow_a ciulae_fw-la spoil_v the_o orcade_n island_n and_o come_v and_o possess_v very_o many_o isle_n and_o region_n beyond_o mare_fw-la â—resicum_fw-la meaning_n bodotria_n or_o the_o firth_n of_o edinburgh_n which_o lie_v between_o we_o and_o the_o scot_n even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o border_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o hengist_n by_o degree_n draw_v those_o ciulae_fw-la to_o himself_o so_o that_o they_o forsake_v the_o isle_n which_o they_o inhabit_v it_o can_v hardly_o be_v more_o plain_o express_v that_o the_o nation_n be_v accustom_v to_o the_o affair_n of_o navigation_n and_o war_n by_o sea_n have_v thus_o get_v a_o great_a part_n of_o britain_n do_v first_o secure_v that_o inseparable_a appendant_a of_o the_o island_n or_o the_o sea_n have_v bring_v over_o a_o numerous_a force_n for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o this_o design_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v aella_n they_o write_v that_o he_o with_o his_o son_n cissa_n and_o cimenus_n and_o a_o navy_n very_o well_o appoint_v with_o military_a force_n arrive_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o sussex_n near_o witer_v 223_o cimenshore_n so_o call_v heretofore_o from_o this_o cimenus_n and_o that_o have_v drive_v away_o the_o britain_n he_o possess_v the_o 2._o sea-coast_n and_o send_v daily_o for_o new_a aid_n out_o of_o germany_n he_o at_o length_n enlarge_v his_o kingdom_n along_o the_o eastern_a shore_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n humber_n and_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o english_a saxon_n that_o attain_v here_o to_o so_o large_a a_o dominion_n also_o that_o his_o posterity_n enjoy_v this_o kingdom_n about_o lxx_o year_n but_o true_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v that_o they_o who_o be_v eminent_o powerful_a in_o ship_v and_o have_v make_v so_o happy_a a_o progress_n upon_o the_o shore_n shall_v not_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o especial_o see_v we_o find_v not_o the_o least_o testimony_n that_o any_o other_o be_v at_o that_o time_n of_o any_o considerable_a strength_n in_o ship_v upon_o this_o coast._n but_o as_o for_o the_o naval_a force_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n both_o dane_n and_o english-saxons_a they_o be_v to_o be_v see_v every_o where_n in_o joannes_n asserius_fw-la bishop_n of_o shirburn_n william_n the_o monk_n of_o malmsburie_n henry_n archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n roger_n hoveden_n florentius_n of_o worcester_n and_o florilegus_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o act_n of_o k._n alfred_n edward_n the_o elder_a athelstan_n edgar_n ethelred_n and_o harold_n and_o questionless_a long_o after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n this_o country_n flourish_v not_o a_o little_a in_o ship_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o may_v be_v collect_v both_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n already_o mention_v and_o the_o frequent_a use_n of_o navigation_n from_o which_o the_o merchant_n that_o use_v to_o traffic_v on_o both_o the_o shore_n be_v prohibit_v upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o difference_n that_o arise_v betwixt_o charles_n of_o france_n afterward_o emperor_n and_o oâ—â—a_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n among_o the_o english-saxons_a to_o who_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o subjection_n yet_o a_o freedom_n thereof_o be_v restore_v not_o long_o after_o by_o a_o agreement_n of_o extraordinary_a benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o english-saxon_a as_o we_o find_v in_o 1669._o alcuinus_fw-la and_o william_n of_o malmsburie_n but_o before_o k._n alfred_n their_o power_n begin_v to_o decrea_n by_o sea_n and_o that_o especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n ethelwolph_n when_o the_o etc._n dane_n or_o norman_n infest_a not_o only_o the_o shore_n but_o also_o almost_o the_o whole_a island_n after_o a_o most_o grievous_a manner_n and_o seize_v upon_o most_o of_o the_o isle_n by_o force_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o britain_n and_o so_o all_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o pirate_n but_o after_o that_o alfred_n be_v invest_v in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v restore_v and_o its_o dominion_n establish_v concern_v who_o that_o asserius_fw-la bishop_n of_o shirburn_n his_o tutor_n write_v thus_o he_o give_v command_v for_o the_o build_n of_o boat_n and_o galley_n that_o be_v long_a ship_n through_o out_o the_o kingdom_n that_o he_o may_v prevent_v his_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o by_o sea_n and_o put_v pirate_n aboard_o they_o he_o charge_v they_o to_o guard_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o command_v
of_o etc._n excester_n and_o in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o procure_v king_n letter_n common_o call_v in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o law_n protection_n whereby_o privilege_n and_o exemption_n from_o all_o suit_n be_v grant_v to_o those_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o this_o kind_n of_o guard_n or_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o that_o spend_v their_o time_n super_fw-la saluâ_fw-la custodiâ_fw-la &_o defension_n maris_n 1._o for_o the_o safeguard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o form_n of_o the_o word_n have_v it_o which_o we_o frequent_o find_v in_o the_o archive_v moreover_o in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr saufegard_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mire_n as_o of_o a_o thing_n common_o know_v and_o for_o which_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o english_a to_o make_v as_o diligent_a provision_n as_o for_o the_o government_n of_o any_o province_n or_o country_n and_o in_o the_o 29._o twenty_o year_n of_o the_o same_o king_n the_o commons_o prefer_v a_o bill_n that_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o accomplish_a navy_n may_v be_v provide_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n because_o it_o be_v think_v fit_n be_v all_o the_o commons_n of_o this_o land_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a the_o see_v be_v keep_v very_o many_o other_o passage_n there_o be_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n geoffrie_n chaucer_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o and_o be_v a_o man_n very_o know_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o his_o country_n among_o other_o most_o elegant_a and_o lively_a character_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o man_n write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n describe_n the_o humour_n of_o a_o english_a merchant_n of_o that_o time_n how_o that_o his_o desire_n above_o all_o thing_n be_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v well_o guard_v never_o leave_v destitute_a of_o such_o protection_n as_o may_v keep_v it_o safe_a and_o quiet_a which_o he_o speak_v to_o set_v out_o the_o whole_a generation_n of_o merchant_n in_o that_o age_n who_o custom_n it_o be_v to_o be_v solicitous_a for_o traffic_v above_o all_o thing_n and_o consequent_o about_o the_o sea_n itself_o which_o will_v not_o afford_v they_o safe_a voyage_n do_v not_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o sovereign_n thereof_o according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o custom_n provide_v for_o the_o security_n of_o this_o as_o a_o province_n under_o their_o protection_n the_o word_n of_o chaucer_n be_v these_o his_o reason_n speak_v he_o full_a solemn_o show_v always_o the_o encrea_n of_o his_o win_n he_o will_v the_o see_v be_v keep_v for_o any_o thing_n betwixe_v middleborough_n and_o orewel_n orewel_o be_v a_o haven_n upon_o the_o coast_n in_o suffolk_n middleborough_n be_v in_o zealand_n the_o whole_a sea_n that_o flow_v between_o britain_n and_o zealand_n the_o english_a merchant_n will_v have_v secure_v this_o they_o be_v wont_v solemn_o and_o unanimous_o to_o pray_v for_o know_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o they_o part_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o as_o concern_v any_o protection_n herein_o by_o any_o foreign_a prince_n any_o far_a than_o in_o their_o own_o harbour_n or_o at_o the_o most_o within_o the_o wind_a creek_n between_o those_o island_n which_o they_o possess_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o germany_n or_o gallia_n belgica_n there_o be_v nothing_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v to_o be_v gather_v from_o any_o testimony_n of_o former_a age_n in_o the_o succeed_a age_n likewise_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o guard_n defence_n and_o government_n of_o the_o same_o sea_n as_o will_v hereafter_o more_o full_o appear_v when_o we_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o tribute_n and_o of_o the_o tenor_n and_o variety_n of_o the_o commission_n give_v to_o our_o admiral_n but_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o both_o the_o name_n and_o nature_n of_o this_o guard_n be_v very_o well_o know_v not_o only_o by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n both_o in_o the_o 8._o imperial_a and_o canon_n feclesiae_fw-la law_n wherein_o it_o denote_v that_o the_o guardian_n ought_v to_o take_v a_o diligent_a care_n of_o that_o thing_n whereof_o he_o be_v owner_n who_o do_v either_o lend_v it_o or_o commit_v it_o to_o his_o oversight_n but_o also_o by_o the_o common_a and_o obvious_a use_n which_o the_o english_a make_v of_o the_o same_o word_n in_o other_o office_n or_o government_n for_o in_o those_o day_n of_o old_a when_o the_o title_n of_o guardian_n or_o warden_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o usual_a there_o be_v appoint_v warden_n of_o the_o port_n even_o as_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v warden_n of_o the_o county_n who_o be_v those_o commander_n of_o county_n call_v sheriff_n and_o in_o the_o usual_a form_n and_o tenor_n of_o their_o writ_n have_v custodiam_fw-la comitatû_v the_o guard_n or_o defence_n of_o the_o county_n commit_v to_o their_o charge_n warden_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o march_n or_o border_n keeper_n of_o tower_n or_o castle_n park_n house_n and_o the_o like_a yea_o and_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n be_v especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n joannis_n john_n and_o etc._n henry_n the_o three_o style_v usual_o warden_n or_o keeper_n of_o ireland_n and_o his_o office_n or_o dignity_n common_o call_v the_o keepership_n of_o ireland_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o john_n duke_n of_o bedford_n and_z humphrey_z duke_n of_o gloucester_n who_o henry_n the_o five_o during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o absence_n in_o france_n depute_v to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n by_o turn_n be_v call_v custodes_fw-la angliae_fw-la keeper_n of_o england_n as_o we_o very_o often_o find_v both_o in_o etc._n history_n and_o etc._n record_n so_o arthur_n prince_n of_o wales_n be_v make_v 1._o keeper_n of_o england_n while_o henry_n the_o seven_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n so_o piers_n gaveston_n be_v keeper_n of_o england_n while_o edward_n the_o second_o remain_v in_o france_n so_o be_v other_o also_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o governor_n also_o of_o the_o island_n of_o jarsey_n and_o garnesey_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v situate_v in_o this_o sea_n who_o now_o be_v style_v governor_n keeper_n or_o captain_n be_v in_o etc._n ancient_a time_n call_v only_o by_o the_o name_n of_o guardian_n or_o keeper_n this_o then_o be_v so_o what_o reason_n have_v we_o to_o think_v that_o our_o ancestor_n do_v not_o use_v the_o same_o notion_n of_o guardian_n or_o keeper_n and_o of_o guard_v or_o keep_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o guardian_n and_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o use_v in_o the_o guard_n and_o keep_n of_o the_o island_n and_o in_o the_o other_o dignity_n or_o office_n before_o mention_v doubtless_o in_o all_o these_o the_o peculiar_a dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o he_o that_o confer_v the_o dignity_n be_v so_o clear_o signify_v and_o include_v that_o his_o dominion_n or_o ownership_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o guard_v as_o well_o as_o authority_n over_o the_o person_n dignify_v be_v plain_o imply_v in_o this_o title_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n before_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n be_v sufficient_o establish_v by_o our_o king_n and_o settle_v so_o distinct_a that_o the_o command_n and_o government_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v belong_v only_o to_o they_o the_o governor_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o province_n who_o we_o call_v sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n have_v also_o some_o custody_n or_o command_n of_o part_n of_o that_o sea_n which_o adjoin_v to_o their_o respective_a province_n as_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o true_o to_o let_v pass_v other_o proof_n be_v sufficient_o evident_a by_o this_o that_o many_o time_n in_o those_o day_n they_o who_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v wont_a as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n the_o command_v of_o the_o king_n in_o those_o place_n only_o that_o be_v commit_v several_o to_o their_o charge_n and_o custody_n do_v do_v the_o same_o also_o in_o the_o sea_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o in_o any_o land-province_n belong_v to_o he_o from_o who_o they_o receive_v their_o authority_n for_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o ordinary_a power_n derive_v from_o the_o king_n and_o such_o as_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o very_a same_o right_n by_o which_o they_o hold_v the_o government_n of_o the_o county_n or_o province_n they_o do_v oftentimes_o remove_v the_o king_n ship_n and_o fleet_n from_o one_o port_n to_o another_o by_o sea_n as_o through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o province_n that_o be_v commit_v to_o their_o
12._o there_o be_v say_v he_o four_o governor_n of_o the_o french_a sea_n who_o bear_v a_o equal_a command_n under_o a_o different_a title_n and_o upon_o several_a coast_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o in_o ancient_a time_n aquitain_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a bretaign_v by_o its_o duke_n provence_n by_o hereditary_a earl_n not_o by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o therefore_o at_o that_o time_n the_o admiral_n of_o france_n have_v command_v only_o over_o the_o belgic_a sea_n of_o picardy_n and_o normandy_n as_o far_o as_o the_o coast_n of_o bretaign_n but_o then_o all_o the_o other_o border_a prince_n choose_v governor_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o admiral_n peculiar_o for_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o the_o english_a be_v drive_v out_o of_o aquitain_n and_o the_o country_n of_o provence_n and_o bretaign_v be_v bring_v into_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n the_o king_n suppose_v it_o not_o fit_a to_o innovate_v any_o thing_n appoint_v a_o lieutenant_n and_o admiral_n of_o aquitain_n likewise_o a_o governor_n of_o bretaign_n with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o in_o the_o province_n of_o gallia_n narbonensis_n in_o a_o manner_n distinct_a and_o apart_o from_o the_o rest_n but_o the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n belong_v to_o the_o french_a admiral_n be_v settle_v at_o paris_n and_o rouen_n so_o he_o and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o write_v that_o there_o be_v prince_n not_o a_o few_o who_o hold_v the_o seacoast_n as_o beneficiaries_n that_o enjoy_v the_o power_n of_o admiral_n in_o their_o territory_n but_o we_o have_v edict_n and_o decree_n concern_v the_o admiral_n be_v jurisdiction_n over_o the_o maritime_a force_n affair_n and_o person_n in_o the_o time_n of_o 10._o charles_n the_o five_o and_o sixth_o lewis_n the_o 12_o the_o francis_n the_o first_o henry_n the_o 2_o d_o &_o 3_o d_o and_o other_o king_n of_o france_n as_o also_o touch_v the_o ten_o of_o spoil_n take_v from_o enemy_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o relate_v unto_o the_o good_n and_o person_n of_o such_o as_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o navigation_n whatsoêver_o and_o in_o these_o edict_n he_o be_v sometime_o call_v by_o the_o king_n nostre_fw-fr 148â—_n lieutenant_n general_n per_fw-la la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr &_o greve_n d'icelle_n that_o be_v our_o lieutenant_n general_a throughout_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o shore_n thereof_o but_o this_o lieutenant_n or_o governor_n as_o they_o plea_n to_o call_v he_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v never_o at_o all_o in_o command_n over_o any_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o france_n and_o britain_n as_o over_o a_o province_n or_o territorie_n to_o be_v defend_v for_o the_o king_n of_o france_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n but_o in_o the_o sea_n only_o over_o the_o 3._o naval_a force_n person_n and_o affair_n belong_v to_o the_o french_a jurisdiction_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n take_v cognizance_n of_o offender_n of_o his_o own_o retinue_n in_o a_o foreign_a territory_n and_o rule_n be_v they_o as_o at_o home_n but_o without_o any_o pretence_n of_o he_o to_o a_o right_a of_o dominion_n in_o that_o territory_n which_o true_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o will_v conceiv_v that_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n observe_v the_o defect_n and_o deep_a silence_n of_o ancient_a testimony_n touch_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o dominion_n among_o the_o french_a beside_o the_o quality_n of_o that_o government_n among_o they_o and_o at_o length_n the_o entire_a and_o most_o ample_a power_n always_o exercise_v throughout_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o shore_n lie_v about_o it_o under_o the_o sole_a command_n of_o the_o english_a and_o will_v but_o compare_v it_o for_o so_o many_o revolution_n of_o year_n with_o those_o so_o long_o break_v and_o divide_v dominion_n upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n of_o france_n and_o with_o the_o late_a addition_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n according_a to_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v about_o it_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o there_o be_v no_o testimony_n before_o our_o time_n concern_v any_o dominion_n of_o this_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o in_o our_o time_n except_o certain_a lawyer_n who_o speak_v of_o it_o either_o by_o the_o by_o or_o in_o a_o rhetorical_a flourish_n only_o not_o in_o a_o way_n of_o assert_v it_o by_o strength_n of_o argument_n of_o these_o thing_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o in_o the_o former_a book_n where_o also_o other_o matter_n be_v allege_v of_o special_a observation_n which_o confirm_v what_o be_v handle_v in_o this_o particular_a but_o now_o let_v we_o add_v hereunto_o that_o the_o very_a french_a historian_n both_o of_o the_o past_a and_o present_a age_n do_v affirm_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o king_n of_o france_n therefore_o either_o have_v no_o admiral_n at_o all_o or_o else_o that_o they_o be_v constitute_v now_o and_o then_o only_o as_o occasion_v require_v because_o they_o have_v no_o empire_n over_o the_o sea_n as_o tilius_fw-la say_v express_o in_o the_o place_n abovementioned_a in_o vain_a therefore_o do_v 9_o popellinerius_n reprehend_v those_o historian_n in_o say_v it_o be_v false_a because_o normandy_n picardy_n and_o flanders_n be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o french_a dominion_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v this_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n reign_v a_o long_a time_n without_o the_o possession_n of_o normandy_n and_o flanders_n and_o retain_v not_o any_o other_o shore_n beside_o that_o of_o picardy_n as_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o show_v and_o by_o the_o frequent_a testimony_n of_o historian_n and_o the_o consequence_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v good_a that_o they_o have_v any_o command_n over_o the_o sea_n because_o they_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o some_o sea-coast_n no_o more_o true_o than_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o a_o man_n be_v lord_n of_o a_o river_n in_o france_n because_o he_o have_v land_n lie_v by_o it_o whereas_o by_o receive_a custom_n according_a to_o the_o 16._o law_n of_o france_n the_o king_n be_v owner_n of_o all_o river_n that_o be_v navigable_a where_o they_o belong_v not_o to_o some_o subject_n by_o a_o particular_a prescription_n of_o possession_n or_o some_o other_o title_n beside_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o adjacent_a land_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o unusual_a also_o in_o other_o place_n but_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o quality_n of_o this_o maritime_a government_n among_o the_o french_a it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o as_o every_o one_o of_o the_o more_o eminent_a office_n or_o government_n have_v a_o peculiar_a place_n in_o their_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n as_o it_o chief_o respect_n any_o province_n or_o government_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o french_a dominion_n as_o the_o constable_n the_o grand_a escuyer_n or_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o grand_a master_n and_o other_o yet_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n have_v no_o place_n at_o all_o upon_o that_o account_n as_o it_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o time_n of_o 5._o henry_n the_o second_o when_o such_o a_o place_n be_v plain_o deny_v to_o gaspar_n collignie_a admiral_n of_o france_n as_o he_o be_v admiral_n or_o have_v the_o maritime_a government_n but_o it_o be_v grant_v he_o as_o governor_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o france_n as_o they_o call_v it_o under_o the_o king_n for_o by_o the_o title_n of_o admiral_n he_o have_v no_o government_n in_o chief_a within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o because_o be_v admiral_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o sea_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a since_o which_o be_v out_o of_o the_o king_n dominion_n he_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n over_o person_n and_o affair_n only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o in_o this_o respect_n he_o be_v to_o be_v deny_v any_o place_n for_o which_o cause_n likewise_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o it_o seem_v that_o those_o four_o distinct_a admiral_n beforementioned_a have_v in_o like_a manner_n also_o a_o government_n of_o province_n from_o which_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v denominate_v as_o we_o understand_v by_o these_o passage_n already_o cite_v out_o of_o choppinus_n and_o other_o that_o write_v of_o this_o matter_n so_o they_o that_o have_v any_o principal_a command_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v within_o the_o shore_n of_o france_n do_v enjoie_v a_o equal_a privilege_n with_o the_o other_o more_o eminent_a dignity_n of_o the_o realm_n moreover_o also_o the_o regulation_n of_o those_o river_n whereof_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v lord_n be_v not_o under_o the_o admiral_n be_v government_n but_o under_o the_o special_a charge_n of_o those_o
those_o island_n that_o lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o france_n for_o it_o be_v general_o know_v that_o after_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o normandy_n itself_o that_o the_o isle_n caesaria_n and_o sarnia_n which_o we_o call_v jersey_n and_o garnesey_n aureney_n and_o some_o other_o neighbour_a isle_n lie_v near_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n and_o bretaign_n yea_o and_o situate_v within_o that_o creek_n of_o sea_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o shore_n of_o bretaign_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o that_o of_o normandy_n on_o the_o other_o have_v in_o the_o follow_a age_n 5._o both_o now_o and_o heretofore_o remain_v in_o the_o dominion_n of_o england_n but_o by_o the_o sentence_n pass_v against_o k._n john_n as_o duke_n of_o normandy_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o nephew_n arthur_n the_o french_a will_v have_v he_o deprive_v of_o all_o the_o right_o he_o have_v to_o normandy_n and_o afterward_o 1_o henry_n the_o three_o resign_v his_o right_n to_o normandy_n but_o suppose_v we_o grant_v what_o be_v common_o receive_v that_o these_o island_n be_v of_o the_o norman_a jurisdiction_n or_o belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n yet_o true_o even_o so_o they_o neither_o can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o sentence_n nor_o do_v they_o fall_v to_o the_o french_a by_o resignation_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o of_o the_o island_n place_v therein_o be_v still_o retain_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o as_o many_o priory_n be_v in_o england_n itself_o who_o though_o they_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o norman_a government_n in_o church-matter_n yet_o even_o as_o they_o be_v of_o the_o government_n of_o normandy_n they_o ever_o remain_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o england_n as_o long_o as_o the_o privilege_n of_o monastery_n be_v in_o force_n among_o the_o english_a as_o be_v situate_a within_o the_o undoubted_a bound_n of_o the_o english_a empire_n nor_o be_v it_o easy_o understand_v wherefore_o the_o island_n can_v have_v be_v so_o retain_v unless_o they_o also_o have_v be_v seat_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o english_a empire_n in_o the_o sea_n but_o the_o thing_n chief_o to_o be_v consider_v here_o be_v that_o very_o many_o foreign_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o estate_n of_o england_n do_v in_o a_o libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n public_o exhibit_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o king_n philip_n the_o fair_a before_o a_o court_n of_o delegate_n special_o in_o that_o behalf_n by_o they_o appoint_v in_o express_a term_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v lord_n not_o only_o of_o this_o sea_n but_o also_o of_o the_o island_n place_v therein_o par_fw-fr raison_fw-fr du_fw-fr roialme_n d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n or_o as_o they_o be_v king_n of_o england_n which_o true_o be_v all_o one_o as_o in_o most_o express_a term_n to_o ascribe_v this_o whole_a sea_n unto_o they_o as_o far_o as_o the_o shore_n or_o port_n lie_v over_o against_o we_o but_o concern_v that_o libel_n i_o shall_v add_v more_o by_o and_o by_o nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o shore_n large_a than_o that_o of_o picardy_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n happen_v first_o at_o that_o time_n wherein_o those_o isle_n be_v so_o retain_v by_o the_o english_a after_o they_o be_v out_v of_o normandy_n for_o before_o the_o shore_n of_o aquitain_n bretaign_n and_o normandy_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o other_o prince_n that_o of_o aquitain_n and_o normandy_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a and_o that_o of_o bretaign_n by_o the_o duke_n or_o earl_n of_o that_o country_n so_o that_o the_o french_a king_n have_v neither_o any_o shore_n almost_o nor_o any_o considerable_a use_n of_o sea-affair_n at_o that_o time_n by_o which_o mean_v also_o the_o english_a do_v with_o the_o more_o ease_n retain_v the_o aforesaid_a ancient_a possession_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o isle_n after_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o norman_a duchy_n and_o this_o sufficient_o appear_v also_o by_o that_o sea-fight_n perform_v between_o the_o french_a fleet_n command_v by_o eustachius_n the_o monk_n in_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n augustus_n king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o english_a fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o philip_n de_fw-fr albenie_fw-fr governor_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a island_n and_o john_n marshal_n who_o both_o careful_o guard_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o french_a fleet_n of_o about_o 80_o sail_n be_v design_v to_o transport_v auxiliarie_n force_n out_o of_o france_n for_o lewis_n afterward_o the_o eight_o of_o that_o name_n that_o be_v king_n of_o france_n who_o through_o the_o treason_n of_o some_o conspirator_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o english_a king_n in_o england_n this_o of_o the_o french_a be_v assail_v by_o a_o english_a fleet_n of_o 40_o sail._n but_o cottonianâ_fw-la roger_n of_o wendover_n and_o matthew_n paris_n tell_v we_o that_o part_n of_o the_o french_a who_o have_v not_o be_v use_v to_o sea-fight_n be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n whole_o defeat_v observe_v here_o they_o say_v that_o hitherto_o the_o french_a be_v not_o accustom_v to_o fight_v by_o sea_n but_o of_o the_o english_a they_o say_v the_o english_a be_v warlike_a and_o skilled_a in_o sea-fight_n gall_v they_o with_o dart_n and_o arrow_n run_v they_o through_o with_o their_o lance_n do_v execution_n with_o their_o sword_n sink_v their_o ship_n and_o they_o with_o lime_n which_o they_o do_v by_o throw_v the_o powder_n of_o lime_n into_o the_o aër_fw-la so_o it_o may_v be_v drive_v by_o the_o wind_n into_o the_o french-men_n eye_n they_o be_v deprive_v also_o of_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n and_o succour_n and_o know_v not_o which_o way_n to_o sly_a the_o english_a at_o that_o time_n time_n be_v expert_a in_o sea-fight_n do_v by_o this_o mean_n make_v good_a the_o possession_n of_o their_o sea_n and_o the_o isle_n also_o that_o be_v situate_a therein_o for_o even_o this_o fight_n relate_n to_o the_o second_o year_n of_o henry_n â—ondin_fw-fr the_o three_o or_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n mccxviii_o that_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n almost_o when_o the_o english_a be_v first_o deprive_v of_o normandy_n but_o as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v common_o say_v that_o these_o island_n first_o belong_v to_o the_o english_a norman_a privilegiis_fw-la right_a or_o by_o the_o right_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n it_o be_v as_o easy_o deny_v as_o affirm_v by_o any_o nor_o be_v there_o any_o weight_n in_o this_o reason_n that_o because_o those_o island_n have_v and_o ever_o have_v certain_a custom_n like_o the_o norman_a therefore_o they_o do_v belong_v to_o normandy_n for_o the_o norman_a custom_n be_v often_o use_v in_o england_n as_o the_o roman_a be_v sometime_o by_o other_o nation_n yet_o every_o man_n know_v this_o can_v be_v no_o ground_n for_o such_o a_o argument_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o more_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o those_o island_n be_v within_o the_o diocese_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o constances_n in_o normandy_n until_o that_o in_o our_o grand-father_n day_n they_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o dorso_fw-la winchester_n their_o ecclesiastic_a government_n be_v a_o long_a time_n derive_v out_o of_o normandy_n with_o more_o convenience_n indeed_o because_o of_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o place_n which_o begin_v as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v in_o those_o day_n when_o the_o english_a possess_v the_o shore_n on_o both_o side_n but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v thence_o that_o those_o island_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n any_o more_o than_o that_o the_o many_o priory_n heretofore_o in_o england_n who_o be_v of_o foreign_a jurisdiction_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n do_v therefore_o belong_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o foreign_a prince_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o the_o english_a king_n as_o king_n of_o england_n that_o be_v every_o jot_n as_o weak_a also_o which_o they_o use_v to_o allege_v about_o the_o norman_a language_n be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o island_n the_o people_n of_o cornwâ—l_n in_o england_n have_v always_o use_v the_o welsh_a tongue_n at_o least_o with_o a_o little_a alteration_n in_o the_o dialect_n as_o the_o bretaigns_n do_v also_o in_o france_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n use_v the_o irish_a tongue_n yet_o no_o man_n will_v conclude_v thence_o either_o that_o this_o paie_n obedience_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_n or_o king_n of_o ireland_n or_o that_o the_o other_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o prince_n by_o any_o right_n of_o the_o welsh_a principality_n we_o know_v indeed_o that_o
worthy_a of_o observation_n that_o this_o kind_n of_o letter_n be_v usual_o superscribe_v and_o direct_v by_o our_o king_n to_o their_o governor_n of_o the_o sea_n admiral_n vice-admirals_n sea-captain_n to_o wit_n the_o commander_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o territory_n by_o sea_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o any_o such_o commander_n in_o those_o passport_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v grant_v heretofore_o by_o the_o french_a king_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n when_o he_o be_v to_o cross_v over_o into_o france_n letter_n of_o that_o kind_n be_v give_v to_o our_o edward_n the_o second_o by_o king_n philip_n the_o long_a superscribe_v only_o thus_o dorso_fw-la phelip_n par_fw-fr la_fw-fr grace_n de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr france_n a_o touz_v noz_n justicier_n &_o subgy_n salut_v philip_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o france_n to_o our_o judge_n and_o subject_n greeting_n but_o the_o 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by_o the_o english_a upon_o such_o as_o pass_v through_o the_o sea_n and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o considerable_a also_o that_o the_o king_n both_o of_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n together_o with_o the_o hans-town_n very_o often_o and_o earnest_o beg_v of_o queen_n elisabeth_n that_o they_o may_v have_v free_a passage_n through_o the_o english_a sea_n with_o provision_n towards_o spain_n during_o the_o war_n betwixt_o she_o and_o the_o spaniard_n i_o know_v indeed_o that_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v deny_v they_o not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o chief_o to_o prevent_v the_o convey_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o enemy_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o divers_a ship_n belong_v to_o the_o hans-town_n lade_v with_o corn_n be_v edita_fw-la take_v by_o english_a man_n of_o war_n in_o the_o very_a strait_n of_o lisbon_n without_o the_o sea-territorie_n of_o england_n which_o go_v by_o the_o 95._o scotish_n sea_n and_o the_o west_n towards_o portugal_n which_o be_v do_v doubtless_o that_o they_o may_v not_o presume_v to_o use_v the_o english_a sea_n without_o the_o leave_v of_o the_o queen_n but_o the_o hans-town_n cry_v out_o thereupon_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n commerce_n and_o league_n be_v violate_v because_o their_o ship_n be_v so_o take_v by_o the_o english_a only_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o they_o carry_v provision_n to_o the_o enemy_n that_o be_v in_o a_o territory_n where_o the_o english_a do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o pretend_v to_o any_o dominion_n and_o concern_v this_o particular_a there_o be_v a_o notable_a question_n controvert_v by_o very_o 5._o learned_a man_n how_o far_o they_o that_o be_v not_o enemy_n or_o will_v not_o be_v call_v enemy_n may_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n afford_v supply_n unto_o a_o enemy_n but_o some_o year_n before_o the_o take_n of_o these_o ship_n when_o the_o hamburger_n who_o in_o the_o name_n also_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o hans-town_n desire_v leave_v to_o pass_v through_o this_o sea_n to_o portugal_n and_o spain_n be_v more_o than_o once_o deny_v any_o kind_n of_o liberty_n to_o transport_v either_o corn_n or_o warlike_a necessary_n they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o suggest_v that_o their_o petition_n at_o that_o time_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o commerce_n nor_o that_o the_o queen_n denial_n be_v contrary_a to_o this_o kind_n of_o law_n that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o be_v by_o her_o first_o 1589._o answer_n enjoin_v to_o abstain_v from_o transport_v arm_n with_o other_o warlike_a necessary_n and_o corn_n but_o say_v the_o queen_n in_o transport_v other_o commodity_n we_o shall_v not_o hinder_v you_o at_o all_o but_o shall_v with_o all_o favour_n permit_v the_o ship_n of_o your_o subject_n to_o abide_v and_o pass_v after_o the_o accustom_a manner_n that_o they_o may_v perform_v their_o voyage_n this_o answer_n they_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o take_v amiss_o but_o two_o year_n after_o they_o send_v into_o england_n sebastian_n à _fw-fr berghen_n their_o ambassador_n with_o petitionary_a letter_n desire_v that_o the_o exception_n in_o the_o licence_n former_o grant_v may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o a_o freedom_n to_o transport_v all_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n permit_v their_o petition_n be_v deny_v again_o and_o this_o moreover_o add_v that_o such_o as_o shall_v presume_v to_o do_v the_o contrary_a shall_v for_o their_o bold_a presumption_n suffer_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n so_o carry_v against_o her_o majesty_n be_v will_v and_o pleasure_n if_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o her_o man_n of_o war_n or_o any_o other_o of_o her_o majesty_n be_v subject_n thus_o they_o ever_o address_v themselves_o by_o petition_n and_o the_o queen_n give_v answer_n according_a to_o her_o pleasure_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o of_o commerce_n before_o that_o they_o understand_v their_o ship_n be_v seize_v in_o another_o sea_n to_o wit_n that_o of_o portugal_n which_o they_o conceive_v free_a for_o themselves_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o commerce_n without_o leave_v from_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n then_o it_o be_v they_o begin_v to_o plead_v that_o liberty_n ought_v not_o by_o any_o law_n to_o be_v deny_v even_o these_o man_n who_o but_o some_o year_n before_o have_v humble_o petition_v the_o queen_n of_o england_n more_o than_o once_o for_o free_a passage_n through_o the_o english_a sea_n so_o that_o that_o principal_a point_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o relief_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v convey_v to_o enemy_n by_o a_o friend_n be_v not_o only_o the_o ground_n either_o of_o the_o hans-town's_a petition_n or_o the_o queen_n denial_n but_o her_o right_a of_o dominion_n by_o sea_n be_v concern_v also_o which_o the_o hans-town_n well_o know_v they_o shall_v violate_v if_o they_o shall_v pass_v the_o queen_n sea_n without_o she_o leave_v hereunto_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n those_o particular_n relate_v which_o we_o find_v concern_v this_o matter_n in_o those_o point_n that_o be_v to_o be_v insist_v on_o in_o the_o year_n mdxcvii_o by_o witfeldius_n and_o bernicovius_n ambassador_n from_o christiern_n the_o four_o king_n of_o denmark_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n library_n we_o be_v say_v they_o strict_o enjoin_v by_o our_o king_n to_o mediate_v with_o her_o majesty_n that_o our_o country_n man_n may_v be_v permit_v a_o freedom_n to_o transport_v corn_n or_o provision_n towards_o spain_n even_o as_o we_o have_v do_v former_o and_o do_v now_o again_o with_o all_o earnestness_n desire_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o same_o licence_n of_o transport_v corn_n be_v grant_v sometime_o both_o to_o english_a and_o dutch_a that_o our_o countryman_n may_v not_o be_v use_v in_o a_o worse_a manner_n than_o your_o own_o
what_o a_o extraordinary_a plentiful_a and_o gainful_a herring-fishing_a the_o hollander_n and_o zelander_n use_v to_o have_v in_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n have_v first_o obtain_v leave_v from_o this_o castle_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n for_o the_o english_a have_v ever_o grant_v they_o leave_v to_o fish_n reserve_v always_o the_o honour_n and_o privilege_n to_o themselves_o but_o through_o a_o kind_n of_o negligence_n resign_v the_o profit_n to_o stranger_n for_o it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a what_o a_o vast_a sum_n of_o mâ—nie_n the_o hollander_n make_v by_o this_o fish_n upon_o our_o coast._n so_o he_o there_o be_v another_o man_n also_o of_o very_o great_a skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o sea-affair_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o q._n elisabeth_n present_v a_o book_n to_o the_o parliament_n write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n about_o the_o commodity_n of_o fish_v wherein_o he_o write_v that_o the_o hollander_n and_o zelander_n every_o year_n towards_o the_o late_a 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notable_a example_n in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o henry_n the_o four_o a_o agreement_n be_v make_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o septemb_n england_n and_o france_n that_o the_o subject_n of_o both_o may_v free_o use_v fish_v throughout_o that_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v bound_v on_o this_o side_n by_o the_o port_n of_o scarborough_n &_o southampton_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n seine_n the_o time_n also_o be_v limit_v betwixt_o autumn_n &_o the_o kalend_n of_o januarie_n follow_v and_o that_o the_o french_a may_v secure_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o agreement_n our_o king_n direct_v letter_n to_o that_o end_n unto_o all_o his_o sea-captain_n and_o commander_n here_o you_o see_v plain_o those_o limit_n whole_o exclude_v the_o french_a from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n and_o also_o from_o that_o which_o lie_v north_n east_n of_o they_o as_o be_v so_o limit_v by_o our_o henry_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n as_o its_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n nor_o be_v there_o so_o much_o as_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o right_n or_o prerogative_n whereby_o the_o french_a king_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v any_o interest_n as_o a_o lord_n or_o owner_n in_o the_o set_n of_o these_o limit_n see_v that_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v seclude_v do_v not_o touch_v upon_o any_o shore_n of_o he_o in_o the_o north_n nor_o have_v he_o any_o country_n lie_v before_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o south_n except_o normandy_n or_o in_o the_o west_n the_o rest_n be_v hold_v either_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o bretaign_n or_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v from_o hence_o true_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o give_v protection_n to_o fisherman_n that_o be_v stranger_n sometime_o by_o proclamation_n and_o sometime_o with_o a_o fleet_n of_o man_n of_o war_n when_o they_o go_v to_o fish_n either_o by_o agreement_n make_v upon_o treaty_n or_o by_o leave_v obtain_v qualification_n be_v add_v according_a to_o the_o english_a king_n pleasure_n there_o be_v among_o the_o record_n of_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o a_o inscription_n pro_fw-la hominibus_fw-la hollandiae_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o the_o man_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n and_o friesland_n to_o have_v leave_v to_o fish_v near_o jernemuth_n the_o king_n letter_n for_o their_o 5._o protection_n follow_v we_o thus_o the_o king_n to_o his_o belove_a and_o trusty_n john_n de_fw-fr buteturte_fw-fr warden_n of_o his_o port_n de_fw-fr jernemuth_n greeting_n for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o have_v be_v certify_v that_o many_o man_n out_o of_o the_o part_n of_o holland_n zealand_n and_o friesland_n also_o who_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o we_o intend_v now_o to_o come_v and_o fish_v in_o our_o sea_n near_o jernemuth_n we_o command_v you_o that_o you_o cause_v public_a proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v once_o or_o twice_o every_o week_n that_o no_o person_n whatsoëver_o employ_v abroad_o in_o our_o service_n presume_v to_o cause_v any_o injury_n trouble_n damage_n hindrance_n or_o grievance_n to_o be_v do_v unto_o they_o but_o rather_o when_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n that_o you_o give_v they_o advice_n and_o assistance_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o may_v fish_v and_o pursue_v their_o own_o advantage_n without_o any_o let_v or_o impediment_n in_o testimony_n whereof_o we_o have_v cause_v these_o our_o letter_n to_o be_v make_v patent_n to_o continue_v in_o force_n till_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o st_n martin_n next_o ensue_v witness_v the_o king_n at_o wengham_n the_o xxviii_o day_n of_o september_n which_o be_v in_o the_o xxiii_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o of_o our_o lord_n mccxcv_o the_o same_o day_n also_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o â—arl_n of_o holland_n and_o his_o subject_n he_o set_v forth_o three_o man_n of_o war_n towards_o the_o far_a coast_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o safeguard_n as_o he_o say_v in_o another_o letter_n of_o those_o uessel_n belong_v to_o your_o and_o our_o own_o country_n that_o be_v in_o these_o day_n employ_v about_o the_o herring_n fish_v &c._n &c._n and_o to_o guard_v your_o coast_n near_o the_o sea_n here_o he_o grant_n a_o protection_n to_o fish_n and_o in_o both_o the_o letter_n he_o limit_n it_o within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n he_o alone_o also_o protect_v the_o fisherman_n upon_o the_o geâ—man_a coast_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o nearness_n he_o call_v here_o your_o coast_n near_o the_o sea_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o english_a nor_o may_v the_o fisherman_n use_v any_o other_o kind_n of_o vessel_n but_o that_o which_o be_v prescribe_v by_o our_o king_n upon_o which_o account_n all_o kind_n of_o fish_v be_v sometime_o prohibit_v and_o sometime_o admit_v this_o restriction_n only_o be_v add_v that_o they_o shall_v fish_v in_o such_o vessel_n only_o as_o be_v under_o thirty_o tun_n burden_n this_o appear_v by_o those_o letter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o concern_v the_o law_n of_o fish_v which_o be_v direct_v unto_o his_o several_a governor_n of_o yarmouth_n scarborough_n whitby_n and_o donwich_n town_n seat_v upon_o the_o eastern_a shore_n the_o word_n be_v these_o 35._o forasmuch_o as_o we_o have_v give_v licence_n to_o the_o fisherman_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a town_n and_z to_z other_o who_o shall_v be_v willing_a to_o come_v unto_o the_o say_a town_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o fish_v that_o they_o may_v fish_v and_o make_v their_o own_o advantage_n with_o ship_n and_o boat_n under_o thirty_o tun_n burden_n any_o prohibition_n or_o command_v of_o we_o whatsoever_o to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o we_o command_v you_o to_o permit_v the_o fisherman_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a
town_n and_z other_o who_o shall_v be_v willing_a to_o come_v to_o the_o say_a town_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o fish_v to_o fish_n and_o make_v their_o own_o advantage_n with_o ship_n anâ—_n boat_n under_o thirty_o tun_n without_o any_o let_v or_o impediment_n any_o prohibition_n or_o command_n of_o we_o make_v to_o the_o contrary_a in_o any_o wise_n notwithstanding_o as_o we_o have_v say_v â—itness_v the_o king_n at_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n august_n x._o which_o be_v in_o the_o 11_o the_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o or_o of_o our_o lord_n mcccxxxix_o but_o if_o any_o heretofore_o undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o fisherman_n in_o this_o sea_n without_o leave_v of_o the_o english_a they_o be_v to_o be_v seize_v and_o imprison_v as_o invader_n of_o the_o right_n of_o dominion_n and_o to_o expect_v to_o be_v deal_v with_o according_o for_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n this_o be_v evident_a also_o in_o the_o record_n of_o our_o k._n edward_n the_o four_o for_o he_o erect_v a_o triumvirate_n or_o invest_v three_o person_n with_o naval_a power_n who_o the_o record_n call_v custodes_fw-la conductores_fw-la &_o waftores_fw-la guardian_n conductor_n and_o waftor_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o protect_v and_o guard_v the_o fisherman_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o guard_n may_v be_v defray_v by_o the_o fisherman_n and_o all_o other_o whatsoëver_o be_v exclude_v from_o meddle_v with_o this_o kind_n of_o guard_n or_o protection_n he_o appoint_v four_o man_n by_o name_n sir_n john_n hemingham_n knight_n william_n hopton_n edmund_n yve_n and_o john_n â—ansfleet_n esquire_n as_o well_o say_v the_o 2._o record_n themselves_o to_o oversee_v those_o guardian_n conductor_n and_o waftor_n as_o to_o give_v notice_n to_o all_o fisherman_n of_o what_o country_n soêver_o they_o be_v who_o shall_v desire_v to_o fish_v in_o the_o part_n aforesaid_a under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o say_v n._n n._n that_o those_o fisherman_n and_o every_o of_o they_o do_v contribute_v to_o all_o and_o all_o manner_n of_o cost_v charge_n and_o expense_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o guardian_n and_o conductor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o fish_v and_o charge_v all_o such_o cost_v charge_n and_o expense_n according_a to_o a_o proportion_n and_o to_o levy_v and_o collect_v those_o cost_v charge_n and_o expense_n out_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o fishing_n belong_v to_o the_o fisherman_n aforesaid_a wheresoêver_o they_o may_v be_v find_v as_o also_o to_o arrest_v and_o apprehend_v all_o other_o except_z the_o afore_o name_v who_o presume_v or_o attempt_v to_o become_v guardian_n conductor_n or_o wastor_n and_o to_o commit_v they_o to_o our_o next_o gaol_n there_o to_o be_v keep_v safe_o and_o secure_o till_o we_o shall_v take_v order_n for_o their_o delivery_n in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n almost_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o find_v divers_a letter_n patent_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o septembris_fw-la seven_o yea_o and_o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o three_o save_v that_o in_o the_o form_n hereof_o after_o those_o word_n charge_v all_o such_o expense_n according_a to_o a_o proportion_n this_o considerable_a claus_n here_o be_v insert_v although_o the_o same_o fisherman_n whether_o any_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o may_v have_v have_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n from_o any_o other_o king_n prince_z or_o governor_n of_o any_o kingdom_n whatsoëver_o so_o that_o by_o the_o receive_a and_o usual_a custom_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o guard_n be_v to_o be_v defraied_a by_o the_o fisherman_n of_o this_o sea_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o our_o king_n though_o they_o may_v have_v have_v letter_n of_o public_a security_n and_o protection_n from_o any_o other_o prince_n nor_o be_v any_o other_o person_n to_o be_v admit_v to_o a_o partnership_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o guard_n except_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n lest_o by_o this_o mean_n perhaps_o it_o may_v derogate_v from_o the_o english_a right_o which_o be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n or_o evidence_n of_o the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o place_n the_o dominion_n of_o england_n make_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n and_o limit_n usual_o set_v by_o our_o king_n in_o the_o sea_n to_o such_o foreiner_n as_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o each_o other_o but_o in_o amity_n with_o the_o english_a and_o concern_v the_o king_n closet_n or_o chamber_n in_o the_o sea_n also_o touch_v that_o singular_a privilege_n of_o perpetual_a truce_n or_o exemption_n from_o hostility_n in_o the_o sea_n about_o those_o isle_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n chap._n xxii_o promontoriorum_fw-la series_n rumbi_fw-la leucae_n ad_fw-la the_o sowter_n in_o phoenicem_n s._n s._n e._n 17â…“_n ad_fw-la whitby_n in_o notapeliotem_fw-la s._n e._n 12_o ad_fw-la flamborough_n head_n in_o notapeliotem_fw-la s._n e._n ½_n versus_fw-la austrum_fw-la 8_o ad_fw-la the_o sporne_n in_o phoenicem_n s._n s._n e._n versus_fw-la apeliotem_fw-la 13â…“_n ad_fw-la cromar_n in_o meleuâ—um_n s._n e._n and_o by_o e._n 24â…“_n ad_fw-la minterton_n nes_z in_o hypophoenicem_fw-la s._n e._n and_o by_o s._n 4._o ad_fw-la caster-nes_a in_o phoenicem_n s._n s._n e._n 21_o 13_o ad_fw-la layestof_n in_o austrum_fw-la s_o 3¾_n ad_fw-la east-nes_a in_o austrum_fw-la s._n ½_n versus_fw-la occidentem_fw-la 1â…š_n ad_fw-la orforth-nes_a in_o mesolybonotum_n s._n and_o by_o w._n 6â…™_n ad_fw-la north-foreland_a in_o austrum_fw-la s._n â…“_n versus_fw-la oâ—â—identem_fw-la 15â…™_n ad_fw-la south-foreland_a in_o austrum_fw-la s_o 6â…“_n ad_fw-la dunge-nes_a in_o notolybicum_n s._n w._n ¼_n versus_fw-la austrum_fw-la 7_o ad_fw-la beach_n in_o africum_n w._n s._n w._n ¼_n versus_fw-la austrum_fw-la 13_o add_v dune-noze_a in_o africum_n w._n s._n w._n ¾_n versus_fw-la occidentem_fw-la 24_o â—_o â—_o ad_fw-la portland_n in_o hypafricum_n w._n and_o by_o s._n vers_fw-la austrum_fw-la 161_o 12_o ad_fw-la the_o start_n in_o africum_n m._n s._n m._n â…•_n in_o occidentem_fw-la 18â…”_n ad_fw-la the_o ram_n in_o occidentem_fw-la m._n ¼_n versus_fw-la boream_fw-la 6½_n ad_fw-la the_o dudman_n in_o africum_n m._n s._n m._n â…™_n versus_fw-la occidentem_fw-la 8½_n ad_fw-la the_o lizard_n in_o africum_n m._n s._n m._n â—_o â—â—_o versus_fw-la austrum_fw-la 9_o ad_fw-la the_o landsend_n in_o caurum_fw-la m._n n._n m._n versus_fw-la boream_fw-la 7_o ad_fw-la milford_n in_o boream_fw-la n._n â…”_n versus_fw-la orientem_fw-la 31â…”_n ad_fw-la s._n david_n head_n in_o boream_fw-la n._n ½_n versus_fw-la occidentem_fw-la 5½_n ad_fw-la beardsie_n in_o hypaquilonem_fw-la n._n and_o by_o e._n â…›_n vers_fw-la orieâ—tâ—m_fw-la 12â…™_n ad_fw-la holy_a head_n in_o boream_fw-la n._n â…™_n versus_fw-la occidentem_fw-la 9_o ad_fw-la monam_fw-la in_o hypaquilonem_fw-la n._n and_o by_o e._n â…•_n versus_fw-la boream_fw-la 26_o here_o you_o see_v very_o large_a space_n of_o sea_n intercept_v sometime_o for_o above_o ninety_o mile_n for_o three_o english_a mile_n here_o go_v to_o every_o league_n whereby_o those_o chamber_n or_o sea-closet_n be_v make_v but_o we_o find_v the_o management_n of_o that_o business_n concern_v these_o chamber_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a proclamation_n set_v forth_o after_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o twelv_v man_n that_o be_v swear_v and_o add_v to_o the_o aforesaid_a distance_n and_o course_n of_o sail_v we_o who_o name_n be_v subscribe_v be_v call_v before_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n julius_n caesar_n knight_n judge_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n and_o there_o be_v enrol_v admit_v and_o swear_v for_o the_o describe_v of_o the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o king_n chamber_n havens_n or_o port_n in_o their_o full_a extent_n do_v by_o these_o present_n make_v answer_v and_o to_o the_o best_a of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o understanding_n declare_v that_o the_o say_v chamber_n havens_n or_o port_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v the_o whole_a seacoast_n which_o be_v intercept_v or_o cut_v off_o by_o a_o straight_a line_n draw_v from_o one_o point_n to_o another_o about_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n whereof_o we_o have_v make_v a_o table_n concern_v that_o business_n whereto_o we_o have_v annex_v this_o our_o schedule_n show_v therein_o how_o one_o point_n stand_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n towards_o another_o according_a to_o that_o table_n give_v the_o four_o day_n of_o march_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1604._o and_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james_n etc._n etc._n and_o then_o in_o the_o schedule_n there_o follow_v the_o name_n of_o the_o twelv_v man_n who_o be_v all_o person_n of_o very_a great_a knowledge_n in_o naval_a or_o maritime_a affair_n so_o the_o space_n within_o the_o straight_a line_n draw_v from_o one_o point_n to_o another_o be_v the_o chamber_n or_o port_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n
who_o be_v lord_n in_o like_a manner_n of_o all_o those_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o the_o opposite_a shore_n or_o port_n whilst_o he_o command_v a_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o these_o creek_n or_o closet_n do_v as_o arbiter_n permit_v those_o that_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o he_o but_o enemy_n among_o themselves_o to_o make_v prize_n of_o one_o another_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o not_o without_o some_o qualification_n or_o restriction_n add_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o more_o open_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o true_o the_o spaniard_n allege_v afterward_o that_o themselves_o ought_v to_o be_v protect_v from_o hostility_n also_o without_o these_o limit_n in_o the_o more_o open_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o agreement_n of_o peace_n whereby_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o england_n be_v oblige_v to_o protect_v one_o another_o subject_n in_o all_o part_n of_o their_o kingdom_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o come_v no_o less_o under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o this_o appear_v also_o from_o the_o dispute_n hold_v by_o their_o advocate_n in_o england_n about_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o territory_n by_o sea_n against_o the_o hollander_n who_o mighty_o exclaim_v as_o 8._o he_o say_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v intercept_v and_o stay_v by_o the_o king_n officer_n at_o sea_n with_o the_o prize_n that_o they_o have_v take_v from_o their_o enemy_n the_o spaniard_n that_o it_o be_v a_o unjust_a violence_n that_o be_v disturb_v and_o spoil_v they_o ought_v to_o have_v reparation_n make_v they_o and_o to_o be_v beard_n against_o those_o spaniard_n who_o be_v prisoner_n be_v discharge_v with_o the_o good_n that_o be_v take_v but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v just_o give_v the_o spaniard_n protection_n against_o the_o hollander_n in_o the_o british_a sea_n either_o within_o or_o without_o those_o limit_n he_o plead_v after_o this_o manner_n you_o see_v say_v he_o how_o fâ—r_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n stretche_n towards_o the_o south_n north_n and_o west_n the_o 5._o northern_a coast_n of_o britain_n have_v no_o country_n lie_v against_o they_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o main_a and_o open_a sea_n and_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o ireland_n be_v bound_v upon_o spain_n the_o western_a upon_o the_o indian_a country_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o spain_n and_o so_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o king_n by_o sâ—â—_n be_v of_o a_o mighty_a vast_a extent_n nor_o be_v it_o restrain_v or_o beckon_v by_o that_o subsequent_a proclamation_n of_o the_o king_n the_o same_o above_o mention_v whereby_o certain_a limit_n be_v appoint_v beyond_o which_o the_o king_n declare_v the_o power_n of_o his_o territory_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v in_o these_o act_n of_o hostility_n betwixt_o the_o spaniard_n and_o hollander_n but_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v intercept_v by_o the_o officer_n without_o these_o limit_n also_o according_a to_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n late_o agree_v on_o betwixt_o our_o king_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n they_o ought_v to_o protect_v one_o another_o subject_n in_o all_o place_n throughout_o their_o dominion_n â—nd_v therefore_o both_o aught_o to_o give_v protection_n throughout_o that_o immense_a jurisdiction_n for_o there_o be_v limit_n 14._o found_v upon_o right_a and_o there_o be_v limit_n by_o compact_n or_o agreement_n and_o a_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o one_o do_v not_o conclude_v against_o the_o other_o and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o follow_v the_o limit_n of_o right_a concern_v which_o certain_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n and_o agreement_n ought_v to_o be_v understand_v because_o the_o other_o bound_n be_v set_v afterward_o be_v not_o then_o in_o imagination_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o proclamation_n extend'_v not_o to_o thing_n past_a certain_a it_o be_v that_o law_n and_o constitution_n do_v give_v a_o be_v to_o a 1_n future_a business_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v recall_v unto_o thing_n do_v and_o pass_v nor_o be_v this_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o king_n be_v right_a therefore_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o be_v 〈…〉_o admit_v make_v in_o the_o proclamation_n but_o a_o disposition_n and_o law_n whole_o new_a for_o a_o 〈…〉_o declaration_n induce_v nothing_o new_a and_o change_v nothing_o but_o this_o proclamation_n will_v change_v much_o see_v the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n territory_n extend'_v itself_o much_o beyond_o those_o limit_n now_o constitute_v to_o this_o a_o 〈…〉_o answer_n may_v be_v give_v also_o which_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o all_o that_o a_o declaration_n be_v of_o no_o force_n to_o another_o prejudice_n which_o here_o may_v be_v do_v to_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v intercept_v for_o which_o right_o be_v seek_v according_a to_o common_a custom_n and_o also_o according_a to_o the_o special_a agreement_n of_o the_o peace_n that_o those_o prince_n shall_v suffer_v no_o violence_n to_o be_v do_v to_o one_o another_o subject_n in_o their_o territory_n and_o it_o be_v much_o more_o strong_a in_o respect_n of_o that_o express_a article_n of_o the_o treaty_n for_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v meet_a to_o take_v off_o from_o the_o full_a force_n of_o the_o contract_n which_o will_v now_o be_v lessen_v notwithstanding_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o territory_n be_v solessen_v within_o which_o only_o our_o king_n may_v protect_v the_o spaniard_n moreover_o it_o hinder_v not_o which_o be_v object_v that_o these_o limit_n which_o be_v now_o express_v in_o the_o proclamation_n be_v observe_v long_o before_o by_o long_a custom_n in_o controversy_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o to_o omit_v those_o most_o difficult_a thing_n which_o be_v deliver_v in_o 10._o prove_v the_o custom_n certain_o the_o intent_n of_o our_o king_n in_o the_o contract_n of_o peace_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v have_v respect_n unto_o that_o custom_n if_o any_o there_o have_v be_v or_o also_o unto_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v allege_v here_o to_o be_v ancient_a for_o neither_o be_v those_o thing_n common_a and_o understand_v by_o the_o other_o prince_n in_o amity_n nor_o perhaps_o by_o our_o king_n himself_o to_o wit_n matter_n of_o fact_n in_o his_o new_a kingdom_n all_o which_o thing_n i_o think_v â—it_a to_o add_v here_o out_o of_o albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la because_o they_o belong_v not_o only_o unto_o these_o limit_n creek_n or_o royal_a chamber_n in_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o whole_a british_n sea_n and_o true_o gentilis_fw-la be_v ill_o understand_v by_o joannes_n 46._o gryphiander_n who_o discourse_v at_o large_a concern_v sea-affair_n allege_v the_o place_n before-cited_n out_o of_o he_o in_o so_o brief_a a_o manner_n as_o if_o by_o that_o proclamation_n of_o king_n james_n his_o jurisdiction_n have_v be_v restrain_v simple_o to_o those_o limit_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o england_n sâ—iâ—h_o gryphiander_n by_o sea_n although_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o south_n north_n and_o west_n yet_o by_o a_o proclamation_n of_o james_n the_o present_a king_n it_o be_v circumscribe_v by_o certain_a limit_n in_o the_o sea_n he_o quote_n albericus_n gentilis_fw-la for_o his_o author_n but_o true_o the_o king_n have_v no_o intent_n in_o that_o proclamation_n that_o his_o jurisdiction_n shall_v be_v circumscribe_v simple_o by_o those_o limit_n but_o only_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o act_n of_o hostility_n at_o that_o time_n betwixt_o the_o spaniard_n and_o hollander_n he_o be_v lord_n and_o moderator_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n for_o ever_o as_o well_o as_o his_o predecessor_n which_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a out_o of_o the_o proclamation_n itself_o &_o out_o of_o gentilis_fw-la nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o easy_o to_o be_v conceive_v from_o whence_o that_o special_a and_o perpetual_a privilege_n of_o truce_n or_o freedom_n from_o hostility_n have_v its_o original_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o jersey_n garnsey_n and_o the_o other_o isle_n lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n do_v enjoy_v even_o in_o this_o very_a sea_n though_o war_n be_v between_o the_o neighbor-nation_n round_o about_o unless_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o this_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n concern_v that_o privilege_n master_n camden_n be_v well_o inform_v by_o ancient_a testimony_n speak_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o brief_a 855._o by_o a_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n here_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o perpetual_a truce_n and_o though_o a_o war_n be_v on_o foot_n yet_o the_o french_a and_o other_o have_v a_o liberty_n to_o come_v hither_o to_o and_o again_o without_o danger_n and_o use_v commerce_n secure_o but_o we_o find_v the_o same_o more_o at_o large_a in_o some_o 19_o king_n patent_n express_v thus_o concern_v jersey_n that_o in_o time_n of_o war_n merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n
sea_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n deny_v a_o dominion_n and_o wrest_v other_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o argument_n out_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n which_o be_v clear_o contrary_a to_o our_o english_a right_o as_o also_o to_o the_o intervenient_a law_n of_o nation_n which_o have_v continue_v in_o force_n for_o so_o many_o age_n about_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n either_o i_o say_v the_o same_o must_v be_v say_v of_o they_o or_o else_o that_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o make_v choice_n of_o argument_n which_o they_o think_v be_v true_a to_o serve_v the_o present_a occasion_n as_o of_o such_o that_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v the_o great_a force_n and_o authority_n among_o those_o civil_a lawyer_n with_o who_o they_o be_v in_o treaty_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o new_a thing_n that_o civilian_n shall_v speak_v of_o a_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a community_n of_o the_o sea_n even_o where_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o a_o dominion_n thereof_o be_v admit_v from_o all_o antiquity_n in_o the_o very_a territory_n wherein_o they_o themselves_o be_v comprehend_v as_o i_o have_v former_o declare_v there_o be_v also_o very_a many_o right_n among_o we_o belong_v either_o to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o to_o such_o as_o enjoy_v the_o right_n of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n which_o some_o conceiv_n to_o be_v ground_v upon_o that_o sea-dominion_n whereof_o we_o discourse_n as_o the_o confiscation_n of_o good_n derelict_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o some_o of_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o fish_n as_o wale-fish_n sturgeon_n and_o other_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o of_o the_o satirist_n hold_v good_a 4._o quicquid_fw-la conspicuum_fw-la pulchrúmque_fw-la ex_fw-la aequore_fw-la toto_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la fisci_fw-la est_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la natat_fw-la good_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o any_o worth_n and_o note_n belong_v to_o th'chequer_n wheresoëre_fw-la they_o float_v beside_o wrecked_a good_n cast_v out_o ashore_o 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guard_v the_o sea_n whereof_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v lord_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o with_o all_o their_o might_n as_o the_o perpetual_a prop_n and_o support_v of_o their_o empire_n he_o say_v also_o that_o the_o same_o advice_n be_v give_v by_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n at_o his_o interview_n with_o our_o henry_n the_o five_o for_o the_o procure_n of_o on_o peace_n betwixt_o he_o and_o charles_n the_o six_o king_n of_o france_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o set_v down_o his_o word_n the_o true_a process_n of_o english_a policy_n of_o utterward_o to_o keep_v this_o region_n of_o our_o englond_n that_o no_o man_n may_v deny_v nor_o say_v of_o sooth_n but_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a be_v this_o that_o who_o see_v south_n north_n east_n and_o west_n cherish_v merchandise_n keep_v the_o admiralty_n that_o we_o be_v master_n of_o the_o narrow_a see_n for_o sigismond_n the_o great_a emperor_n which_o yet_o reign_v when_o he_o be_v in_o this_o land_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o prince_n of_o honour_n here_o much_o glory_n as_o he_o think_v he_o find_v a_o mighty_a land_n which_o have_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o war_n in_o france_n and_o make_v mortality_n and_o ever_o well_o keep_v round_o about_o the_o see_n and_o to_o the_o king_n thus_o he_o say_v my_o brother_n when_o he_o perceivae_v two_o town_n calys_n and_o dover_n of_o all_o your_o town_n to_o choose_v of_o one_o and_o other_o to_o keep_v the_o sea_n and_o soon_o to_o come_v over_o to_o be_v outward_o and_o your_o reign_n to_o recover_v keep_v these_o two_o town_n sure_a and_o your_o maâ—estie_n as_o your_o tweyne_a eye_n so_o keep_v the_o narrow_a see_n for_o if_o this_o see_v be_v keep_v in_o time_n of_o war_n who_o can_v here_o pass_v without_o danger_n and_o woâ—_n who_o can_v escape_v who_o may_v mischief_n differre_fw-la what_o marchandie_n may_v for_o by_o be_v ago_o for_o needs_o hem_n must_v take_v trewe_v every_o foe_n flanders_n and_o spain_n and_o other_o trust_v to_o i_o or_o else_o hinder_v all_o for_o this_o narrow_a see_n what_o be_v contain_v more_o at_o large_a in_o these_o rhythme_n you_o have_v the_o sens_fw-fr of_o it_o contract_v above_o in_o few_o word_n it_o be_v not_o worth_a while_n to_o render_v the_o word_n themselves_o the_o same_o versifier_n also_o proceed_v thus_o but_o king_n edward_n make_v a_o siege_n royal_a and_o win_v the_o town_n and_o in_o special_a the_o sea_n be_v keep_v and_o thereof_o he_o be_v lord_n thus_o make_v he_o coin_v noble_n come_v of_o record_n we_o have_v also_o divers_a other_o very_a large_a domestic_a testimony_n of_o this_o thing_n which_o be_v add_v in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v mingle_v together_o with_o the_o ancient_a recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o foreign_a nation_n concern_v the_o same_o that_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o foreiner_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v by_o their_o usual_a strike_n of_o sail_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n also_o concern_v two_o edict_n or_o ordinance_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o about_o this_o thing_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n chap._n xxvi_o we_o be_v come_v now_o to_o foreiner_n and_o it_o be_v clear_o evident_a by_o what_o we_o have_v discourse_v before_o either_o touch_v the_o limit_n set_v for_o navigation_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o the_o licence_n of_o passage_n through_o this_o sea_n often_o desire_v by_o petition_n that_o some_o of_o they_o have_v indeed_o acknowledge_v this_o dominion_n but_o there_o be_v two_o testimony_n more_o notable_a than_o the_o rest_n which_o show_n if_o you_o consider_v chief_o as_o you_o ought_v their_o be_v neighbour_n and_o such_o who_o it_o concern_v that_o they_o general_o do_v the_o same_o the_o one_o be_v the_o usual_a strike_n of_o the_o topsail_n by_o every_o ship_n of_o any_o foreign_a nation_n whatsoêver_o if_o they_o sail_v near_o the_o king_n navy_n or_o any_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o navy_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o be_v a_o libel_n publish_v of_o old_a or_o a_o bill_n of_o complaint_n institute_v wherein_o very_a many_o foreign_a nation_n heretofore_o in_o the_o time_n our_o edward_n the_o first_o do_v all_o together_o and_o by_o common_a consent_n with_o the_o english_a acknowledge_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n whereto_o i_o shall_v add_v also_o a_o particular_a declaration_n of_o that_o kind_n make_v by_o the_o fleming_n in_o a_o embassy_n to_o our_o edward_n the_o second_o but_o that_o the_o strike_n of_o sail_n be_v do_v not_o only_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o english_a king_n but_o also_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n in_o this_o sea_n be_v i_o suppose_v a_o thing_n out_o of_o question_n certain_o the_o french_a can_v doubt_v of_o it_o who_o by_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o strike_v will_v have_v have_v themselves_o heretofore_o acknowledge_v lord_n of_o our_o sea_n but_o in_o vain_a that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o be_v as_o 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cognisance_n of_o thing_n do_v contrary_a to_o this_o truce_n and_o pass_v their_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o dorso_n la_o or_o custom_n of_o merchant_n and_o the_o form_n of_o sufferance_n after_o a_o revolution_n of_o some_o year_n wherein_o this_o kind_n of_o truce_n take_v place_n and_o sometime_o not_o a_o league_n be_v make_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n mccciii_o which_o be_v the_o one_o and_o thirty_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o first_o article_n of_o that_o league_n be_v 2._o that_o those_o king_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v at_o amity_n with_o each_o other_o but_o also_o that_o they_o shall_v defend_v one_o another_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o right_n against_o any_o other_o whomsoêver_o except_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n his_o son_n in_o law_n john_n duke_n of_o brabant_n but_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n albertus_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n and_z john_n earl_n of_o henault_n but_o the_o three_o article_n thereof_o for_o the_o first_o and_o three_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n in_o that_o libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o and_o by_o be_v this_o item_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr accord_n qe_fw-fr l'un_fw-fr ne_fw-fr receptera_fw-fr ne_fw-fr sustendra_fw-fr ne_fw-fr confortera_fw-mi ne_fw-fr fera_fw-fr comfort_n ne_o aid_n as_o enemy_n de_fw-fr l'_fw-fr autre_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soffera_fw-mi qu'_fw-fr ils_fw-fr eient_fw-fr comfort_n souccor_n ne_o aid_n soit_fw-fr de_fw-fr gent_n d'_fw-fr arm_n ou_fw-fr de_fw-fr victual_n ou_fw-fr d'_fw-fr autres_fw-fr choses_fw-fr queles_a q'_fw-fr eye_n soient_fw-fr de_fw-fr ses_fw-fr terres_fw-la ou_fw-fr de_fw-fr son_fw-fr poiar_n mais_fw-fr adiondera_fw-la sur_fw-fr peine_fw-fr de_fw-fr forfeiture_n de_fw-fr corpse_n &_o d'_fw-fr avoir_fw-fr &_o empeschera_fw-la à _fw-la tot_fw-la son_n poair_a loiaument_n en_fw-fr bon_fw-fr foi_fw-fr qe_fw-fr les_fw-fr dit_n enemy_n ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr resceipt_n ne_fw-fr conforte_n es_fw-la terres_fw-la de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr seignurie_n ne_fw-fr de_fw-fr son_fw-fr poiar_n ne_fw-fr q'ils_fw-fr en_fw-fr aient_fw-fr comfort_n soccour_v ne_o aid_n soit_fw-fr gent_n d'_fw-fr arm_n des_fw-fr chevaux_fw-fr d'_fw-fr armeures_fw-fr de_fw-fr vitail_n ou_fw-fr d'_fw-fr autres_fw-fr choses_fw-fr queles_a q'_fw-fr eye_n soient_fw-fr which_o be_v in_o english_a to_o this_o effect_n that_o according_a to_o this_o contract_n of_o amity_n they_o be_v neither_o of_o they_o in_o any_o wise_a to_o cherish_v the_o enemy_n of_o the_o other_o nor_o suffer_v any_o kind_n of_o aid_n or_o relief_n to_o be_v afford_v they_o in_o their_o territory_n the_o war_n be_v thus_o at_o a_o end_n because_o there_o arise_v very_o many_o complaint_n concern_v injury_n do_v up_o and_o down_o as_o well_o in_o the_o more_o open_a as_o in_o our_o own_o sea_n during_o the_o special_a truce_n afore_o mention_v but_o also_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n may_v arise_v perhaps_o after_o the_o league_n be_v make_v especial_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n at_o that_o time_n betwixt_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n therefore_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v by_o both_o prince_n to_o hear_v and_o decide_v they_o and_o those_o at_o that_o time_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v robert_n junii_fw-la de_fw-fr burghershe_n constable_n of_o dover_n castle_n and_z john_n the_o banquell_n steward_n of_o pontoise_n baraldus_n de_fw-fr sescas_n and_o arnaldus_n ayquein_o knight_n on_o the_o french_a king_n behalf_n be_v appoint_v the_o lord_n saquil_o mittonius_n blanvillius_n bertrandus_fw-la jordanus_n and_o gulielmus_fw-la ralastansius_n knight_n also_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v take_v cognisance_n so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n commission_n des_fw-fr enterprise_n mesprise_n &_o forfaites_n en_fw-fr treve_n ou_fw-fr en_fw-fr sufferance_n entre_fw-fr nos_fw-la &_o le_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr france_n d'_fw-fr un_fw-fr part_n &_o d'_fw-fr autre_fw-fr es_fw-mi costeres_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr &_o autres_fw-fr per_fw-la deceâ—_fw-la &_o ausint_fw-la per_fw-la dever_v normandy_n &_o autres_fw-fr costeres_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr per_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr that_o be_v of_o encroachment_n injury_n and_o offence_n commit_v on_o either_o side_n in_o time_n either_o of_o the_o league_n or_o sufferance_n or_o of_o the_o truce_n agree_v on_o between_o we_o and_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n for_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n only_o either_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n or_o any_o other_o neighbour_a coast_n of_o the_o sea_n either_o towards_o normandy_n or_o other_o more_o remote_a but_o the_o aforesaid_a party_n be_v authorize_v by_o two_o commission_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o one_o commission_n contain_v four_o and_o the_o other_o also_o four_o a_o equal_a number_n be_v appoint_v by_o both_o the_o king_n they_o both_o bear_v date_n the_o last_o day_n of_o june_n mccciii_o to_o these_o commissioner_n or_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n the_o libel_n be_v joint_o exhibit_v by_o procurator_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n of_o england_n also_o of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n throughout_o england_n and_o last_o of_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n and_o other_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o how_o this_o can_v be_v do_v otherwise_o than_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v with_o these_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v join_v the_o procurator_n of_o most_o nation_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n throughout_o europe_n as_o the_o genoëse_n catalonian_o spaniard_n almain_n zelander_n hollander_n friâ—slanders_n dane_n and_o norwegian_n beside_o other_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n german_n empire_n all_o these_o together_o institute_v a_o action_n or_o complaint_n against_o reyner_n grimbald_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n have_v during_o the_o war_n between_o king_n philip_n of_o france_n and_o guy_n earl_n of_o flanders_n intercept_v and_o spoil_v merchant_n of_o their_o good_n in_o this_o sea_n that_o be_v bind_v for_o flanders_n and_o all_o these_o complainants_n joint_o say_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n without_o controversy_n enjoy_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o same_o by_o right_a of_o their_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o prescribe_v law_n statute_n and_o prohibition_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o ship_n otherwise_o furnish_v than_o with_o such_o necessary_n as_o belong_v to_o merchant_n and_o by_o demand_v surety_n and_o afford_v protection_n in_o all_o place_n where_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o order_v all_o other_o thing_n 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accusation_n against_o grimbald_n say_v that_o he_o be_v only_a master_n of_o the_o navy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n but_o call_v himself_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o pretend'_v that_o he_o be_v authorize_v under_o that_o title_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o occasion_n of_o his_o make_a war_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o that_o after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a league_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o same_o he_o have_v for_o above_o a_o year_n time_n unjust_o assume_v aâ—d_v usurp_v the_o office_n of_o admiral_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o commission_n take_v the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n pass_v through_o that_o sea_n imprison_v and_o spoil_v they_o of_o their_o good_n and_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o the_o king_n officer_n as_o good_n forfeit_v and_o confiscate_v and_o whereas_o he_o have_v in_o a_o very_a insolent_a manner_n justify_v these_o action_n of_o he_o in_o writing_n as_o don_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n commission_n as_o also_o according_a to_o
there_o be_v no_o memorial_n to_o the_o contrary_a have_v be_v in_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o isle_n within_o the_o same_o with_o power_n of_o make_v and_o establish_v law_n statute_n and_o prohibitions_n of_o people_n as_o well_o of_o other_o dominâ—â—ns_n as_o their_o 〈◊〉_d pass_v through_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o saveraign_a guard_n thereof_o and_o also_o 〈…〉_o all_o manner_n of_o cognisance_n in_o cause_n and_o of_o do_v right_o aâ—d_v justice_n to_o high_a and_o low_a according_a to_o the_o say_a law_n statute_n ordinance_n and_o prohibition_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v appertein_a to_o the_o exercise_n of_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o place_n aforesaid_a and_o whereas_o a._n de_fw-fr b._n depute_a admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o other_o admiral_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o ancestor_n 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agent_n and_o procurator_n aforesaid_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a king_n that_o the_o say_v king_n shall_v from_o this_o time_n forward_o become_v to_o each_o other_o good_a true_a and_o faithful_a friend_n and_o be_v aid_v to_o one_o another_o against_o all_o man_n save_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o if_o any_o one_o or_o more_o whosoever_o they_o be_v shall_v intend_v to_o disturb_v hinder_v or_o molest_v the_o say_v king_n in_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n privilege_n right_n and_o custom_n of_o they_o and_o their_o kingdom_n they_o shall_v be_v good_a and_o faithful_a friend_n to_o each_o other_o and_o aid_v against_o all_o man_n live_v and_o ready_a to_o die_v to_o defend_v keep_v and_o maintain_v the_o franchise_n liberty_n privilege_n right_n and_o custom_n aforesaid_a except_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n john_n duke_n of_o brabant_n in_o brabant_n and_o his_o heir_n descend_v from_o he_o and_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o except_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n the_o excellent_a prince_n mounseur_fw-fr albert_n king_n of_o almaign_n and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o almaign_a and_o mounseur_fw-fr john_n earl_n of_o henault_n in_o henault_n and_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o counsel_n nor_o aid_v where_o the_o other_o may_v lose_v life_n member_n estate_n or_o honour_n mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n grimbald_n master_n of_o the_o navy_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n who_o call_v himself_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n be_v depute_v by_o his_o aforesaid_a lord_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o fleming_n do_v after_o the_o say_a league_n make_v and_o confirm_v against_o the_o tenor_n and_o obligation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o they_o that_o make_v it_o wrongful_o assume_v and_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n of_o england_n above_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n by_o commission_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n take_v the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o of_o other_o place_n pass_v through_o the_o say_a sea_n with_o their_o good_n and_o commit_v they_o so_o take_v to_o the_o prison_n of_o his_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o deliver_v their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n by_o he_o depute_v in_o the_o port_n of_o his_o say_a kingdom_n as_o forfeit_v and_o due_a unto_o he_o to_o remain_v at_o his_o judgement_n and_o award_n and_o the_o take_n and_o detain_v of_o the_o say_a people_n with_o their_o say_a good_n as_o also_o his_o say_a judgement_n &_o award_n for_o the_o forfeiture_n &_o acquest_n of_o they_o he_o have_v justify_v before_o you_o lord_n auditor_n in_o write_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o say_a commission_n of_o admiralty_n aforesaid_a by_o he_o usurp_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o during_o a_o prohibition_n or_o restraint_n general_o make_v and_o proclaim_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o right_a of_o his_o dominion_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o league_n aforesaid_a which_o contain_n the_o word_n above-written_a require_v that_o he_o may_v thereupon_o be_v acquit_v and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o prelate_n &_o noble_n &_o other_o abovementioned_a wherefore_o the_o say_a procurator_n in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o say_a lord_n do_v pray_v your_o lordship_n auditor_n that_o you_o will_v cause_v due_a and_o speedy_a deliverance_n of_o the_o say_a people_n with_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n so_o take_v and_o detain_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n to_o who_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o same_o of_o right_n appertain_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o that_o without_o disturbance_n from_o you_o or_o any_o other_o he_o may_v take_v cognisance_n thereof_o and_o do_v what_o belong_v to_o his_o office_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n be_v condemn_v and_o constrain_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o all_o the_o say_a damage_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a and_o in_o his_o default_n his_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o who_o he_o be_v depute_v to_o the_o say_a office_n and_o that_o after_o satisfaction_n give_v for_o the_o say_a damage_n the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n may_v be_v so_o due_o punish_v for_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n that_o his_o punishment_n may_v be_v a_o example_n to_o other_o in_o time_n to_o come_v so_o far_o the_o libel_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n manifest_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o our_o king_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o thereupon_o demand_v protection_n for_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o this_o thing_n in_o the_o history_n either_o of_o the_o french_a english_a or_o other_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n since_o the_o proceed_n of_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v very_o seldom_o set_v down_o in_o historiâ—â—_n but_o we_o understand_v by_o the_o french_a history_n that_o this_o griâ—bald_n be_v gouâ—â—â—or_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n paulus_n aemiliuâ—_n write_v of_o philip_n the_o fair_a say_v 8._o he_o hire_v sixteen_o galley_n from_o genoa_n â—ver_v which_o reyner_n grimbald_n be_v governor_n or_o commander_n he_o sail_v about_o by_o sea_n infest_a the_o sea-coast_n of_o flanders_n regimerus_n reginâ—rus_n or_o reynerus_n grimbaldus_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n and_o among_o the_o genoêse_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a family_n of_o that_o name_n but_o because_o he_o be_v a_o foreiner_n and_o mercenary_a therefore_o it_o seem_v joannes_n feronius_n leave_v
he_o out_o of_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n yet_o 2._o joannes_n tilius_fw-la place_v he_o among_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n call_v he_o roverius_n grimaldus_n he_o also_o be_v that_o admiral_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o as_o joannes_n de_fw-fr 93._o beka_n say_v have_v command_v of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o galley_n that_o be_v send_v by_o philip_n the_o fair_a in_o the_o year_n mccciv_o to_o aid_v the_o hollander_n against_o the_o fleming_n there_o be_v also_o several_a particular_n in_o the_o record_n of_o france_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o difference_n then_o on_o foot_n between_o the_o english_a and_o french_a and_o although_o that_o libel_n or_o any_o copy_n of_o it_o be_v not_o find_v therein_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v tilius_fw-la who_o set_v forth_o a_o catalogue_n of_o that_o kind_n of_o record_n yet_o there_o be_v that_o commission_n among_o they_o whereby_o the_o aforesaid_a auditor_n or_o commissioner_n be_v authorize_v to_o determine_v of_o thing_n do_v contrary_a to_o the_o league_n it_o be_v describe_v by_o 40._o tilius_fw-la after_o this_o manner_n pouvoir_fw-fr donè_fw-la par_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr edovard_n à _fw-fr deux_fw-fr nommez_fw-fr &_o accordez_fw-fr de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr part_n pour_fw-fr avec_fw-fr les_fw-fr deux_fw-fr eleuz_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr part_n du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr phelippe_n d'_fw-fr enquerir_fw-fr &_o amendir_fw-fr les_fw-fr forfaicte_v durant_fw-mi lour_v trefue_a le_fw-fr dernier_fw-fr juin_n mccciii_o ou_fw-fr tresor_fw-la layette_fw-fr procurationes_fw-la posse_fw-la &_o potestates_fw-la angliae_fw-la k._n power_n be_v give_v by_o king_n edward_n to_o two_o person_n name_v and_o appoint_v on_o his_o part_n to_o meet_v with_o two_o person_n choose_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o say_a king_n philip_n to_o make_v enquiry_n and_o give_v remedy_n touch_v injury_n commit_v during_o the_o truce_n betwixt_o they_o the_o last_o of_o june_n mccciii_o in_o the_o treasury_n in_o the_o box_n entitle_v procurationes_fw-la posse_fw-la &_o potestateâ—s_fw-la angliae_fw-la k._n the_o commission_n bear_v date_n the_o same_o day_n and_o year_n whereby_o these_o auditor_n or_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v for_o this_o purpose_n as_o we_o observe_v before_o out_o of_o our_o own_o record_n nor_o be_v it_o of_o any_o force_n here_o to_o the_o contrary_a that_o commissioner_n be_v sometime_o etc._n depute_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o shore_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n to_o determine_v complaint_n about_o robbery_n and_o other_o injury_n usual_o do_v by_o private_a person_n to_o one_o another_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n for_o if_o any_o one_o will_v collect_v thence_o that_o the_o prince_n which_o depute_v they_o have_v both_o a_o equal_a right_n in_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v conclude_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o they_o be_v but_o part-owner_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o have_v a_o equal_a interest_n in_o each_o other_o be_v land_n beside_o in_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o deputation_n as_o that_o there_o be_v more_o regard_n have_v of_o the_o person_n offend_v that_o be_v to_o be_v try_v than_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o territory_n which_o true_o be_v whole_o to_o be_v discover_v some_o other_o way_n a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o the_o fleming_n in_o a_o embassy_n to_o edward_n the_o second_o chap._n xxix_o to_o these_o let_v we_o add_v now_o the_o assent_n and_o voluntary_a acknowledgement_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o when_o as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o flanders_n complain_v of_o the_o take_n of_o their_o good_n away_o at_o sea_n implore_v remedy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n they_o say_v more_o than_o once_o that_o they_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o english_a sea_n towards_o the_o part_n about_o crauden_n within_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o bring_v into_o england_n but_o that_o it_o appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o take_v cognisance_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n be_v commit_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a sea_n within_o his_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n but_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o the_o dorso_fw-la whole_a so_o far_o as_o it_o relate_n to_o this_o business_n memorandum_n that_o whereas_o for_o the_o reformation_n of_o certain_a injury_n in_o a_o amicable_a way_n do_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n to_o those_o of_o flanders_n since_o the_o time_n that_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n undertake_v the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n several_a treaty_n have_v be_v hold_v between_o the_o council_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n often_o send_v into_o england_n upon_o the_o aforesaid_a occasion_n which_o treaty_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o impediment_n that_o happen_v do_v not_o aâ—tem_v the_o desire_a effect_n at_o length_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o ocâ—abis_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaâ—lis_fw-la in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n there_o appear_v certain_a ambassador_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n to_o treat_v about_o reform_v the_o aforesaid_a injury_n in_o the_o form_n aforesaid_a and_o when_o as_o the_o say_a ambassador_n have_v be_v admit_v by_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n to_o treat_v anew_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o injury_n these_o ambassador_n as_o other_o ambassador_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a earl_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a treaty_n do_v among_o other_o particular_n that_o they_o require_v before_o all_o thing_n make_v supplication_n that_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n will_v at_o his_o own_o sâ—â—t_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o royal_a authority_n cause_n enquiry_n to_o be_v maâ—â—_n and_o do_v justice_n about_o a_o certain_a depredation_n laâ—ely_o make_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n as_o they_o say_v upon_o the_o english_a sea_n of_o wine_n and_o divers_a other_o merchandise_n belong_v to_o certain_a man_n of_o flanders_n towards_o the_o part_n about_o crauden_n within_o the_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n allege_v that_o the_o aforesaid_a wine_n and_o merchandises_n take_v from_o the_o say_a fleming_n be_v bring_v within_o the_o râ—â—â—m_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o so_o to_o do_v for_o that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o say_a sea_n within_o his_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o conclusion_n after_o diligent_a consideration_n have_v of_o the_o premise_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n with_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o peer_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n be_v there_o present_a it_o be_v conclude_v upon_o their_o advice_n by_o the_o say_a lord_n king_n that_o to_o preserv_v the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o â—landers_n the_o say_a lord_n king_n do_v by_o his_o royal_a authority_n cause_n enquiry_n to_o be_v make_v about_o the_o good_n take_v at_o that_o time_n upon_o the_o aforesaid_a english_a sea_n towards_o the_o say_a place_n of_o crauden_n and_o bring_v within_o the_o say_a realm_n in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o malefactor_n go_v with_o the_o good_n so_o take_v to_o the_o say_a land_n of_o england_n and_o cause_v the_o same_o depredation_n to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v according_a to_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o that_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n who_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o say_a depredation_n and_o other_o who_o know_o receive_v the_o say_v offender_n with_o the_o good_n so_o take_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n may_v be_v charge_v and_o punish_v thereupon_o as_o partaker_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n so_o far_o that_o record_n and_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v with_o power_n of_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o king_n commission_n through_o most_o of_o the_o maritime_a county_n to_o make_v reparation_n of_o damage_n but_o because_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o shore_n over_o against_o we_o especial_o those_o of_o zealand_n and_o there_o be_v also_o upon_o other_o neighbour_a shore_n beside_o inlet_n of_o river_n very_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v in_o whereby_o the_o land_n be_v so_o interweave_v up_o and_o down_o that_o it_o can_v well_o be_v but_o that_o the_o sea_n also_o which_o flow'_v in_o and_o oftentimes_o remove_n bank_n and_o make_v harbour_n there_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o
what_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v and_o from_o hence_o perhaps_o it_o be_v that_o the_o more_o ancient_a arm_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man_n be_v a_o ship_n with_o a_o sail_n fold_v together_o and_o this_o inscription_n add_v rex_fw-la manniae_fw-la &_o insularum_fw-la king_n of_o man_n &_o of_o the_o isle_n as_o m_n r_o 847._o camden_n observ'_v from_o their_o sail_n for_o the_o three_o leg_n of_o humane_a shape_n now_o every_o where_o know_v be_v but_o of_o late_a time_n but_o afterward_o when_o ireland_n be_v subdue_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n john_n and_o reginald_n king_n of_o man_n dorso_fw-la bring_v into_o the_o power_n of_o king_n john_n the_o english_a possess_v this_o sea_n at_o that_o time_n with_o a_o very_a numerous_a navy_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o to_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n round_o about_o be_v take_v also_o into_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a for_o in_o that_o age_n the_o king_n of_o man_n be_v no_o absolute_a prince_n but_o be_v subdue_v he_o pay_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n &_o yield_v under_o his_o subjection_n but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o alexander_n the_o three_o 13._o king_n of_o scot_n annex_v it_o to_o the_o dominion_n of_o scotland_n and_o put_v in_o a_o governor_n who_o be_v to_o assist_v he_o upon_o occasion_n with_o thirteen_o galley_n &_o five_o hundred_o seaman_n he_o recover_v the_o hebrides_n also_o by_o drive_v out_o the_o norwegian_n &_o transmit_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n then_o man_n return_v again_o to_o the_o english_a who_o enjoy_v ireland_n a_o long_a time_n together_o with_o it_o &_o that_o sea-territory_n but_o the_o king_n of_o the_o hebrides_n and_o of_o scotland_n enjoy_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o western_a sea_n after_o that_o they_o have_v expel_v the_o norwegian_n who_o be_v lord_n here_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o as_o scotland_n england_n this_o isle_n of_o man_n the_o hebrides_n and_o ireland_n with_o other_o adjacent_a isle_n so_o even_o the_o vergivian_n and_o deucaledonian_n sea_n itself_o wash_v the_o west_n of_o scotland_n and_o surround_v these_o isle_n with_o wind_n and_o turn_n ought_v now_o also_o to_o be_v account_v the_o ancient_a patrimony_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o there_o be_v moreover_o in_o the_o more_o westerly_a part_n of_o this_o open_a and_o main_a sea_n another_o right_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o that_o of_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n upon_o the_o shore_n of_o america_n whenas_o s_n r_o humfery_n gilbert_n knight_n do_v by_o authority_n of_o queen_n elisabeth_n transport_v a_o colony_n into_o the_o new_a world_n with_o design_n to_o recover_v certain_a land_n in_o the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o northern_a america_n which_o of_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o english_a dominion_n the_o queen_n be_v by_o he_o as_o her_o procurator_n put_v into_o a_o possession_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v hold_v by_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n both_o of_o the_o port_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o s_o t_o john_n which_o be_v in_o the_o island_n of_o baccalaos_n and_o also_o of_o the_o whole_a sea_n as_o well_o as_o land_n on_o every_o side_n 151._o for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o hundred_o mile_n then_o he_o receive_v this_o new_a kingdom_n of_o the_o queen_n as_o her_o beneficiarie_n have_v a_o branch_n and_o a_o turf_n deliver_v in_o his_o hand_n according_a to_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n of_o england_n in_o transfer_v the_o ownership_n of_o land_n and_o possession_n nor_o true_o be_v it_o necessary_a that_o he_o shall_v otherwise_o get_v the_o possession_n from_o whence_o this_o dominion_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o her_o posterity_n have_v its_o original_a for_o as_o paulus_n say_v well_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o he_o who_o dom._n intend_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o a_o field_n shall_v walk_v about_o the_o whole_a but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o he_o enter_v any_o part_n of_o that_o field_n so_o long_o as_o he_o do_v it_o with_o a_o mind_n thought_n and_o intent_n to_o possess_v the_o field_n to_o its_o utmost_a extent_n and_o bind_v which_o say_v may_v relate_v to_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land_n that_o be_v never_o take_v into_o possession_n so_o that_o as_o agrorum_fw-la siculus_n flaccus_n treat_v of_o occupatorie_a land_n say_v man_n do_v not_o possess_v so_o much_o land_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o till_o but_o they_o reserve_v as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v in_o hope_n they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o till_o the_o like_a also_o may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o sea_n so_o take_v into_o possession_n look_v how_o much_o be_v reserve_v in_o hope_n of_o use_v and_o enjoy_v so_o much_o also_o be_v bound_v but_o perhaps_o the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o this_o main_a sea_n of_o america_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o possession_n that_o be_v acquire_v by_o gilbert_n he_o rather_o restore_v and_o enlarge_v the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n here_o for_o that_o island_n call_v baccalaos_n be_v add_v to_o the_o english_a empire_n by_o 7._o sebastian_n chabot_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o afterward_o it_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o the_o officer_n belong_v to_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n in_o who_o charge_n be_v all_o the_o sea_n subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n as_o king_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n to_o demand_v tribute_n of_o such_o as_o fish_v also_o in_o this_o sea_n which_o be_v i_o suppose_v a_o most_o evident_a token_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n but_o it_o be_v 6._o provide_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o that_o no_o tribute_n of_o that_o kind_n to_o the_o grievance_n of_o fisherman_n shall_v be_v pay_v any_o long_a how_o far_o our_o english_a colony_n late_o transport_v into_o america_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o sea_n there_o i_o have_v as_o yet_o make_v but_o little_a enquiry_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o scotish_n sea_n especial_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o north._n chap._n xxxi_o those_o particular_n which_o be_v cite_v before_o out_o of_o the_o 6._o proclamation_n of_o james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n about_o the_o prohibition_n of_o fish_v relate_v as_o well_o to_o the_o scotish_n sea_n on_o every_o side_n from_o whence_o also_o you_o must_v acknowledge_v their_o possession_n have_v be_v retain_v together_o with_o a_o ancient_a sea-dominion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o foreiner_n be_v prohibit_v to_o fish_n in_o these_o sea_n without_o leave_v first_o obtain_v at_o edinburgh_n and_o in_o those_o scotish_n act_n of_o parliament_n they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o new_a law_n make_v as_o old_a one_o revive_v whereby_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o 86._o fischere_n that_o occupy_v the_o sea_n and_o uthere_n person_n quhat_o sumever_o that_o happenis_n to_o slay_v hear_a or_o quihte_a fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n or_o within_o the_o isle_n or_o out_o with_o the_o samen_n within_o the_o frithes_n bring_v they_o to_o free_a port_n etc._n etc._n where_o they_o may_v be_v sell_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o same_o kingdom_n quhairby_o his_o majesty_n custom_n be_v not_o defraud_v and_o his_o hienes_n liege_n not_z frustrate_v of_o the_o commodity_n appoint_v to_o they_o be_v god_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n and_o tynsel_n of_o the_o veschelle_n of_o they_o that_o cume_v in_o the_o contrair_a hereof_o and_o escheit_v of_o all_o their_o movable_a gudde_n to_o our_o sovereign_n lord_n use_v so_o that_o use_n and_o benefit_n be_v claim_v hence_o by_o a_o special_a right_n in_o that_o sea_n otherwise_o true_o that_o use_n and_o be_v fit_n will_v of_o right_n no_o more_o appertein_a either_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n or_o his_o subject_n than_o to_o any_o other_o whomsoêver_o but_o the_o law_n be_v make_v concern_v all_o fisherman_n as_o well_o stranger_n as_o scotchman_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o that_o kingdom_n who_o so_o well_o understand_v both_o the_o king_n be_v right_a and_o also_o their_o own_o as_o subordinate_a to_o the_o king_n by_o tradition_n from_o their_o ancestor_n or_o by_o long-continued_a possession_n and_o dominion_n that_o there_o remain_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n of_o scruple_n touch_v that_o business_n and_o a_o scotish_n lawyer_n speak_v about_o fish_v in_o the_o eastern_a sea_n of_o scotland_n i_o can_v say_v 3_o he_o omit_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o in_o the_o past_a age_n after_o a_o most_o bloody_a quarrel_n between_o the_o scot_n and_o hollander_n about_o occasion_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n the_o matter_n be_v compose_v after_o this_o manner_n that_o in_o time_n to_o
come_v the_o hollander_n shall_v keep_v at_o least_o fourscore_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n and_o if_o by_o accident_n they_o be_v drive_v near_o through_o violence_n of_o weather_n they_o pay_v a_o certain_a tribute_n at_o the_o port_n of_o aberdene_n before_o their_o return_n where_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n build_v and_o fortify_v for_o this_o and_o other_o occasion_n and_o this_o be_v due_o and_o real_o pay_v still_o by_o the_o hollander_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n until_o that_o by_o frequent_a dissension_n at_o home_n this_o tribute_n with_o very_a many_o other_o right_n and_o commodity_n come_v to_o nothing_o partly_o through_o the_o negligence_n of_o governor_n and_o partly_o through_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o hollander_n so_o you_o see_v how_o limit_n be_v by_o agreement_n prescribe_v heretofore_o in_o this_o sea_n to_o the_o fish_n of_o foreiner_n but_o the_o more_o northerly_a sea_n which_o lie_v against_o scotland_n be_v 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record_n of_o scotland_n by_o henry_n sainclair_n bishop_n of_o ross._n moreover_o in_o the_o deucaledonian_n sea_n towards_o the_o north-east_n there_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o orcades_n seat_v next_o to_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n whereof_o only_o twenty_o eight_o be_v at_o this_o day_n inhabit_v and_o above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n beyond_o the_o orcades_n towards_o norway_n be_v the_o shetland_n isle_n in_o number_n eighteen_o which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n inhabit_v and_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a quarrel_n in_o former_a age_n between_o the_o scot_n and_o dane_n yet_o the_o dane_n keep_v possession_n all_o these_o island_n do_v christiern_n king_n of_o denmark_n peaceable_o surrender_v together_o with_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o james_n king_n of_o scot_n until_o that_o either_o he_o himself_o or_o his_o posterity_n pay_v to_o the_o scotish_n king_n or_o his_o successor_n in_o lieu_n of_o her_o dowry_n the_o sum_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o rhenish_a florin_n which_o be_v never_o discharge_v to_o this_o day_n for_o so_o much_o i_o myself_o have_v see_v and_o read_v in_o the_o deed_n of_o marriage_n betwixt_o lady_n margarite_n daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o james_n the_o three_o king_n of_o scotland_n draw_v up_o and_o fair_o sign_v with_o the_o seal_n of_o both_o kingdom_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1468._o etc._n etc._n but_o afterward_o when_o lady_n margarite_n be_v queen_n have_v be_v deliver_v of_o by'r_a elder_a son_n james_n prince_n of_o scotland_n the_o danish_a king_n willing_a to_o congratulate_v his_o daughter_n good_a delivery_n do_v for_o ever_o surrender_v his_o right_n in_o the_o island_n of_o the_o deucaledonian_n sea_n to_o wit_n the_o isle_n of_o orcades_n shecland_n and_o other_o which_o he_o deliver_v in_o pledge_n with_o his_o daughter_n upon_o her_o marriage_n to_o the_o scotish_n king_n i_o hear_v the_o deed_n of_o this_o surrender_n be_v 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thing_n in_o a_o manner_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o a_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n no_o mean_a man_n in_o a_o letter_n that_o he_o write_v some_o year_n since_o to_o a_o friend_n of_o he_o in_o england_n his_o name_n be_v gudbrandus_fw-la thorlacius_n bishop_n of_o hola_n in_o island_n who_o in_o a_o letter_n 590._o send_v hither_o anno_fw-la mdxcv_o to_o hugh_n branham_n pastor_n of_o harwich_n call_v the_o britain_n almost_o lord_n there_o of_o the_o whole_a sea_n there_o be_v say_v he_o a_o report_n now_o at_o this_o day_n that_o you_o of_o britain_n who_o i_o have_v almost_o call_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v negotiation_n every_o year_n in_o groenland_n but_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n deny_v it_o here_o and_o this_o more_o northerly_a sea_n which_o belong_v to_o island_n they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o as_o they_o be_v king_n of_o norway_n and_o that_o by_o ancient_a right_n if_o not_o unjust_o pretend_v to_o this_o purpose_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o passage_n which_o i_o find_v in_o a_o speech_n of_o the_o ambassador_n of_o erricus_n the_o ten_o king_n of_o norway_n and_o denmark_n deliver_v unto_o our_o henry_n the_o five_o which_o run_v to_o this_o effect_n cottoniavae_fw-la most_o victorious_a king_n of_o england_n may_v it_o plea_n your_o majesty_n to_o understand_v that_o our_o most_o gracious_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o norway_n etc._n etc._n aforesaid_a have_v certain_a island_n to_o wit_n island_n jeroy_n hietland_n and_o many_o more_o belong_v to_o his_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n whereunto_o of_o old_a no_o person_n be_v wont_a to_o repair_v out_o of_o other_o country_n upon_o any_o occasion_n whatsoëver_o either_o of_o fish_v or_o merchandise_v under_o peril_n of_o life_n and_o limb_n nor_o may_v the_o man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n more_o than_o those_o of_o other_o country_n without_o special_a licence_n from_o his_o majesty_n nor_o may_v they_o after_o licence_n obtain_v set_v forth_o out_o of_o any_o other_o 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treaty_n at_o bremen_n with_o the_o commissioner_n of_o our_o queen_n elisabeth_n in_o the_o year_n mdc_o two_o about_o the_o free_a use_n of_o this_o sea_n allege_v this_o article_n almost_o to_o the_o same_o sens_fw-fr it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o merchant_n and_o all_o other_o man_n whatsoëver_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n do_v not_o presume_v hereafter_o under_o peril_n of_o loss_n of_o life_n and_o good_n to_o visit_v the_o country_n of_o island_n finmarck_n halghaland_n or_o any_o other_o prohibit_v place_n and_o unlawful_a port_n whatsoëver_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n sweden_n and_o norway_n yea_o and_o some_o year_n before_o the_o use_n of_o this_o sea_n be_v prohibit_v both_o to_o merchant_n and_o fisherman_n unless_o they_o be_v bind_v with_o merchandise_n to_o north-barn_n the_o most_o eminent_a town_n of_o traffic_n under_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n and_o touch_v that_o particular_a there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o henry_n the_o sixth_o whereby_o 35._o such_o a_o kind_n of_o prohibition_n continue_v in_o force_n for_o certain_a year_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n so_o that_o there_o be_v many_o letter_n patent_n afterward_o grant_v by_o etc._n our_o king_n to_o their_o subject_n of_o england_n whereby_o they_o have_v licence_n to_o go_v unto_o island_n finmark_n and_o other_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n and_o sweden_n but_o that_o statute_n the_o rigour_n whereof_o be_v dispense_v with_o at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n by_o such_o kind_n of_o grant_n become_v 1._o repeal_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o joannes_n mayor_n make_v mention_n of_o that_o time_n say_v 1._o a_o fleet_n of_o english_a go_v every_o year_n to_o island_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n to_o catch_v fish_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o determination_n soêver_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o this_o more_o 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a_o perpetual_a peace_n inviolable_a friendship_n and_o firm_a concord_n in_o the_o follow_a form_n yea_o and_o that_o league_n be_v renew_v in_o the_o year_n mdxxiii_o by_o henry_n the_o eight_o of_o england_n and_o christiern_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n in_o the_o same_o form_n the_o right_a therefore_o be_v perpetual_a and_o transmit_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o k._n of_o england_n that_o the_o english_a shall_v have_v a_o free_a use_n of_o this_o more_o northerly_a sea_n belong_v to_o island_n but_o frequent_a ambassy_n notwithstanding_o pass_v on_o both_o side_n about_o that_o business_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o frederick_n the_o second_o and_o christiern_n the_o four_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o of_o elisabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n the_o dane_n allege_v that_o the_o english_a have_v no_o right_a to_o use_v this_o kind_n of_o liberty_n without_o leave_v first_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o that_o renew_v every_o seven_o year_n 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pretend_v before_o by_o craig_n do_v not_o relate_v unto_o fish_v either_o in_o the_o sea_n of_o island_n or_o in_o this_o of_o norway_n but_o to_o the_o traffic_n and_o merchandise_n use_v then_o by_o our_o merchant_n of_o the_o moscovie-companie_n for_o this_o only_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o company_n be_v constrain_v by_o tempest_n or_o otherwise_o may_v free_o have_v access_n to_o the_o shore_n and_o port_n both_o of_o island_n and_o norway_n but_o with_o this_o reserv_v that_o they_o do_v not_o in_o any_o kind_a traffic_n and_o use_v mercbandise_n in_o the_o port_n of_o norway_n or_o island_n before_o prohibit_v nor_o molest_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o say_a place_n in_o any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n of_o hospitality_n and_o that_o they_o whole_o abstain_v from_o all_o manner_n of_o injury_n which_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o that_o answer_n which_o be_v give_v to_o craig_n by_o the_o peer_n of_o england_n but_o all_o thing_n be_v clear_o explain_v about_o this_o business_n and_o that_o right_a of_o the_o english_a defend_v at_o large_a in_o the_o letter_n send_v by_o queen_n elisabeth_n to_o christiern_n the_o four_o bear_v date_n cal._n septembris_fw-la anno_fw-la mdxcix_o so_o much_o whereof_o as_o concern_v this_o particular_a i_o think_v meet_v to_o insert_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o most_o excellent_a prince_n your_o highness_n father_n we_o send_v say_v the_o queen_n letter_n a_o ambassador_n into_o germany_n anno_fw-la mdlxxvii_o who_o treat_v with_o his_o commissioner_n about_o all_o matter_n in_o controversy_n and_o especial_o about_o the_o fish_n of_o island_n and_o norway_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o king_n insist_v only_o upon_o a_o former_a treaty_n of_o two_o year_n r._n truce_n wherein_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n agree_v that_o the_o english_a shall_v not_o sail_v beyond_o hagaland_n but_o there_o be_v several_a treaty_n with_o the_o king_n john_n and_o christiern_n allege_v on_o our_o part_n wherein_o all_o former_a controversy_n be_v compose_v it_o be_v otherwise_o agree_v and_o conclude_v and_o both_o party_n be_v to_o stand_v to_o this_o treaty_n of_o general_a peace_n make_v afterward_o not_o to_o the_o precede_a two_o year_n truce_n which_o the_o most_o excellent_a prince_n your_o father_n acknowledge_v desire_v by_o his_o letter_n that_o that_o controversy_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o another_o disquisition_n but_o since_o that_o time_n no_o such_o disquisition_n have_v be_v make_v nevertheless_o we_o understand_v that_o our_o subject_n fish_v have_v be_v take_v torment_v and_o handle_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n whether_o this_o be_v just_o do_v all_o man_n will_v be_v able_a to_o judge_n who_o shall_v weigh_v our_o reason_n with_o a_o impartial_a mind_n we_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n whitfeld_n and_o de_fw-fr barnico_n when_o 1597._o they_o come_v unto_o we_o do_v in_o word_n pretend_v that_o the_o fish_n of_o island_n and_o norway_n be_v use_v by_o the_o english_a contrary_a to_o the_o league_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o see_v they_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v produce_v any_o proof_n and_o we_o have_v authentic_a evidence_n attest_v by_o the_o king_n john_n and_o christiern_n to_o the_o contrary_a whereto_o more_o credit_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v than_o to_o bare_a allegation_n the_o matter_n be_v put_v off_o to_o another_o time_n it_o be_v answer_v also_o too_o d_o r_o craig_n that_o the_o transaction_n which_o be_v conclude_v with_o king_n frederick_n at_o haderslabe_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n mdlxxxiii_o belong_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o this_o business_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v and_o a_o little_a after_o the_o letter_n speak_v thus_o but_o that_o which_o be_v pretend_v from_o the_o treaty_n with_o king_n john_n the_o aforesaid_a treaty_n at_o koppenhagen_n that_o licens_fw-la for_o fish_v aught_o
to_o neglect_v their_o profit_n and_o in_o another_o letter_n of_o the_o say_a ambassador_n from_o the_o hague_n to_o secretary_n naunton_n of_o the_o 14_o of_o januarie_n 1618._o he_o give_v we_o he_o to_o understand_v that_o have_v be_v expostulate_v with_o but_o in_o friendly_a manner_n by_o certain_a of_o the_o state_n about_o his_o late_a proposition_n as_o unseasonable_a and_o sharp_a they_o say_v they_o acknowledge_v their_o commissioner_n go_v beyond_o their_o limit_n in_o their_o term_n of_o immemorial_n possession_n and_o immuable_a droict_n de_fw-fr gens_n for_o which_o they_o have_v no_o order_n then_o say_v he_o i_o desire_v they_o to_o consider_v what_o a_o wrong_n it_o be_v to_o challenge_v that_o upon_o right_n which_o these_o province_n have_v hitherto_o enjoy_v either_o by_o connivance_n or_o courtesy_n and_o yet_o never_o without_o claim_n on_o his_o majesty_n be_v side_n etc._n etc._n in_o another_o letter_n of_o secretary_n naunton_n to_o the_o lord_n ambassador_n carlton_n of_o the_o â—1_n of_o januarie_n 1618._o we_o read_v thus_o as_o i_o have_v dictate_v thus_o far_o i_o receive_v direction_n from_o his_o majesty_n to_o signify_v to_o the_o state's-commissioner_n here_o that_o albeit_o their_o earnest_a entreaty_n and_o his_o gracious_a consideration_n of_o the_o present_a trouble_n of_o their_o church_n and_o state_n have_v move_v his_o majesty_n to_o consent_v to_o delay_v the_o treaty_n of_o the_o great_a fish_n till_o the_o time_n crave_v by_o the_o commissioner_n yet_o understand_v by_o new_a and_o fresh_a complaint_n of_o his_o mariner_n and_o fisher_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n that_o within_o these_o four_o or_o five_o last_o year_n the_o low_a countrie-fisher_n have_v take_v so_o great_a advantage_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v toleration_n that_o they_o have_v grow_v near_a and_o near_o upon_o his_o majesty_n be_v coast_n year_n by_o year_n than_o they_o do_v in_o precede_v time_n without_o leave_v any_o bound_n for_o the_o country_n people_n and_o native_n to_o fish_n upon_o their_o prince_n coast_n and_o oppress_v some_o of_o his_o subject_n of_o intent_n to_o continue_v their_o pretend_a possession_n and_o drive_v some_o of_o their_o great_a vessel_n through_o their_o net_n to_o deter_v other_o by_o fear_n of_o the_o like_a violence_n from_o fish_v near_o they_o etc._n etc._n his_o majesty_n can_v for_o bear_v to_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v so_o well_o persuade_v of_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o state_n and_o of_o the_o honourable_a respect_n they_o bear_v unto_o he_o and_o to_o his_o subject_n for_o his_o sake_n that_o they_o will_v never_o allow_v so_o unjust_a and_o intolerable_a oppression_n for_o restraint_n whereof_o and_o to_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v ensue_v upon_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o same_o his_o majesty_n have_v by_o i_o desire_v they_o to_o write_v to_o their_o superior_n to_o cause_n proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v prohibit_v any_o of_o their_o subject_n to_o fish_n within_o fourteen_o mile_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v coast_n this_o year_n or_o in_o any_o time_n hereafter_o until_o order_v be_v take_v by_o commissioner_n to_o be_v authorize_v on_o both_o side_n for_o a_o final_a settle_n of_o the_o main_a business_n his_o majesty_n have_v likewise_o direct_v i_o to_o command_v you_o from_o he_o to_o make_v the_o like_a declaration_n and_o instance_n to_o the_o state_n there_o and_o to_o certify_v his_o majesty_n of_o their_o answer_n with_o what_o convenient_a speed_n you_o may_v thus_o far_o secretary_n naunton_n to_o the_o ambassador_n now_o what_o effect_n the_o ambassador_n negotiation_n with_o the_o state_n have_v appear_v by_o a_o letter_n of_o he_o from_o the_o hague_n of_o the_o 6_o of_o february_n 1618._o to_o king_n james_n himself_o where_o among_o other_o passage_n he_o have_v this_o i_o find_v likewise_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v that_o treat_v by_o way_n of_o proposition_n here_o nothing_o can_v be_v expect_a but_o their_o wont_a dilatory_a and_o evasive_a answer_n their_o manner_n be_v to_o refer_v such_o proposition_n from_o the_o state_n general_n to_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n the_o state_n of_o holland_n take_v advice_n of_o a_o certain_a council_n reside_v at_o delft_n which_o they_o call_v the_o council_n of_o the_o fisherie_n from_o they_o such_o a_o answer_n common_o come_v as_o may_v be_v expect_a from_o such_o a_o oracle_n the_o way_n therefore_o under_o correction_n to_o effect_v your_o majesty_n be_v intent_n be_v to_o begin_v with_o the_o fisher_n themselves_o by_o publish_v against_o the_o time_n of_o their_o go_v out_o your_o resolution_n at_o what_o distance_n you_o will_v permit_v they_o to_o fish_n whereby_o they_o will_v he_o force_v to_o have_v recours_fw-fr to_o their_o council_n of_o fisherie_n that_o council_n to_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n and_o those_o of_o holland_n to_o the_o states-general_n who_o then_o in_o place_n of_o be_v seek_v unto_o will_v for_o contentment_n of_o their_o subject_n seek_v unto_o your_o majesty_n by_o these_o you_o may_v perceiv_v how_o earnest_o the_o ancient_a right_n of_o england_n be_v assert_v and_o the_o old_a claim_n make_v and_o renew_v and_o a_o recognition_n make_v also_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n by_o the_o netherlander_n themselves_o though_o all_o prove_v to_o no_o purpose_n the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n be_v afterward_o lull_v again_o into_o a_o connivance_n one_o way_n or_o other_o and_o it_o give_v we_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o suspect_v that_o the_o man_n in_o power_n at_o that_o time_n may_v be_v charm_v with_o money_n since_o it_o be_v a_o quaere_fw-la put_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n to_o the_o ambassador_n carlton_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o all_o the_o controversy_n whether_o the_o freedom_n of_o fish_v may_v not_o be_v redeem_v with_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o turn_v over_o the_o paper_n of_o transaction_n of_o the_o time_n immediate_o follow_v i_o perceiv_v the_o dispute_n be_v let_v fall_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o thereupon_o a_o opportunity_n give_v the_o netherlander_n to_o encroach_v more_o and_o more_o every_o year_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o shore_n of_o this_o island_n and_o so_o far_o they_o proceed_v in_o this_o presumptuous_a cours_n through_o the_o toleration_n give_v they_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n and_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o late_a tyrant_n his_o son_n that_o at_o length_n they_o fall_v to_o a_o downright_a impeachment_n of_o our_o right_n not_o in_o word_n only_o but_o by_o contemn_v the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n s_o officer_n prohibit_v we_o free_a commerce_n within_o our_o own_o sea_n abuse_v and_o disturb_v the_o subject_n at_o sea_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o his_o very_a port_n and_o chamber_n and_o by_o many_o other_o action_n of_o so_o intolerable_a a_o nature_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1635_o he_o be_v awaken_v and_o constrain_v to_o see_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o our_o right_n at_o sea_n and_o give_v order_n for_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o a_o powerful_a fleet_n to_o check_v the_o audacious_a design_n and_o attempt_n of_o those_o ungrateful_a neighbour_n and_o the_o follow_a year_n in_o prosecution_n of_o his_o purpose_n he_o set_v forth_o this_o ensue_a proclamation_n entitle_v a_o proclamation_n for_o restraint_n of_o fish_v upon_o his_o majesty_n be_v sea_n and_o coast_n without_o licence_n whereas_o our_o father_n of_o bless_a memory_n king_n james_n do_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n set_v forth_o a_o proclamation_n touch_v fish_n whereby_o for_o the_o many_o important_a reason_n therein_o express_v all_o person_n of_o what_o nation_n or_o quality_n soever_o be_v not_o his_o natural_a bear_a subject_n be_v restrain_v from_o fish_v upon_o any_o the_o coast_n and_o sea_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a where_o most_o usual_o heretofore_o fish_v have_v be_v until_o they_o have_v orderly_o demand_v and_o obtain_v licence_n from_o our_o say_a father_n or_o his_o commissioner_n in_o that_o behalf_n upon_o pain_n of_o such_o chastisement_n as_o shall_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o wilful_a offender_n since_o which_o time_n albeit_o neither_o our_o say_a father_n nor_o ourselves_o have_v make_v any_o considerable_a execution_n of_o the_o say_a proclamation_n but_o have_v with_o much_o patience_n expect_v a_o voluntary_a conformity_n of_o our_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n to_o so_o just_a and_o reasonable_a prohibition_n and_o direction_n as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o same_o and_o now_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o occasion_v that_o proclamation_n be_v rather_o increase_v then_o abate_v we_o be_v very_o sensible_a of_o the_o premise_n and_o well_o know_v how_o far_o â—ee_n be_v oblige_v in_o honour_n to_o maintain_v the_o right_n of_o our_o crown_n especial_o
hundred_o thousand_o pound_n their_o fortification_n also_o both_o for_o number_n and_o strength_n upon_o which_o they_o have_v bestow_v infinite_a sum_n of_o money_n may_v compare_v with_o any_o other_o whatsoëver_o 5._o encreas_n of_o power_n abroad_o such_o be_v then_o the_o number_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o mariner_n and_o so_o great_a their_o trade_n occasion_v principal_o by_o their_o fish_n they_o have_v not_o only_o strengthen_v and_o fortifiee_v themselves_o at_o home_n to_o repel_v all_o foreign_a invasion_n as_o late_o in_o the_o war_n between_o they_o and_o spain_n but_o have_v likewise_o stretch_v their_o power_n into_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n in_o many_o place_n whereof_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o seacoast_n and_o have_v likewise_o fortify_v upon_o the_o main_a where_o the_o king_n and_o people_n be_v at_o their_o devotion_n and_o more_o than_o this_o all_o neighbor-prince_n in_o their_o difference_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o their_o power_n at_o sea_n be_v glad_a to_o have_v they_o of_o their_o party_n so_o that_o next_o to_o the_o english_a they_o be_v now_o become_v the_o most_o re-doubted_n nation_n at_o sea_n of_o any_o other_o whatsoëver_o 6._o encreas_n of_o public_a revenue_n moreover_o how_o mighty_a the_o public_a revenue_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o state_n be_v increase_v by_o their_o fish_n may_v appear_v in_o that_o above_o thirty_o year_n since_o over_o and_o above_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o merchandise_n excise_n licence_n waftage_n and_o lastage_n there_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o state_n for_o custom_n of_o herring_n and_o other_o saltfish_n above_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n in_o one_o year_n beside_o the_o ten_o fish_n and_o cask_n pay_v for_o waftage_n which_o come_v at_o the_o least_o to_o as_o much_o more_o among_o the_o hollander_n only_o whereunto_o the_o ten_o of_o other_o nation_n be_v add_v it_o amount_v to_o a_o far_o great_a sum_n we_o be_v likewise_o to_o know_v that_o great_a part_n of_o their_o fish_n be_v sell_v in_o other_o country_n for_o ready_a money_n for_o which_o they_o common_o export_v of_o the_o fine_a gold_n and_o silver_n and_o come_v home_n recoin_v it_o of_o a_o base_a allay_n under_o their_o own_o stamp_n which_o be_v not_o a_o small_a mean_n to_o augment_v their_o public_a treasure_n 7._o encreas_n of_o private_a wealth_n as_o touch_v their_o private_a wealth_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o abundant_a store_n of_o herring_n and_o other_o fish_n by_o they_o take_v and_o the_o usual_a price_n that_o they_o be_v sell_v for_o as_o also_o the_o multitude_n of_o tradesman_n and_o artisan_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o their_o fish_n be_v daily_a set_v on_o work_n we_o must_v needs_o conclude_v that_o the_o gain_n thereof_o make_v by_o private_a man_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v exceed_o great_a as_o by_o observe_v the_o particular_n follow_v will_v plain_o appear_v during_o the_o war_n between_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o hollander_n before_o the_o last_o truce_n dunkirk_n by_o take_v spoil_v and_o burn_v the_o buss_n of_o holland_n and_o set_v great_a ransom_n upon_o their_o fisherman_n enforce_v they_o to_o compound_v for_o great_a sum_n that_o they_o may_v fish_v quiet_o for_o one_o year_n whereupon_o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o fisherman_n agree_v among_o themselves_o to_o pay_v a_o dolor_n upon_o every_o last_o of_o herring_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o certain_a ship_n of_o war_n to_o waft_v and_o secure_v they_o in_o their_o fish_n by_o reason_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o record_n keep_v of_o the_o several_a last_v of_o herring_n take_v that_o year_n and_o it_o appear_v thereby_o that_o in_o one_o half_a year_n there_o be_v take_v thirty_o thousand_o last_n of_o herring_n which_o at_o twelv_n pound_n per_fw-mi last_o amount_v to_o 3600000_o and_o at_o sixteen_o twenty_o thirty_o pound_n the_o last_o they_o be_v ordinary_o sell_v then_o transport_v into_o other_o country_n it_o come_v at_o least_o to_o 5000000_o l._n whereunto_o if_o we_o add_v the_o herring_n take_v by_o other_o nation_n together_o with_o the_o god_n ling_n hake_n and_o the_o fish_n take_v by_o the_o hollander_n and_o other_o our_o neighbour_n upon_o the_o british_a coast_n all_o the_o year_n long_o the_o total_a will_n evident_o arise_v to_o be_v above_o 10000000_o l._n the_o great_a trade_n of_o fish_v employ_v so_o many_o man_n and_o ship_n at_o sea_n must_v likewise_o necessary_o maintain_v as_o great_a a_o number_n of_o tradesman_n and_o artizen_n on_o land_n as_o spinner_n and_o hemp-winders_a to_o cable_n cordage_n yarn-twine_a for_o net_n and_o line_n weaver_n to_o make_v sail-cloath_n cecive_v packer_n toller_n dresser_n and_o cowcher_n to_o sort_n and_o make_v the_o herring_n lawful_a merchandise_n tanner_n to_o tan_o their_o sail_n and_o net_n cooper_n to_o make_v cask_n block_n and_o bowl-maker_n for_o ship_n keelman_n and_o laborer_n for_o carry_v and_o remove_v their_o fish_n sawyer_n for_o plank_n carpenter_n shipwrights_a smith_n carman_n boat-man_n brewer_n baker_n and_o a_o number_n of_o other_o whereof_o many_o be_v maim_v person_n and_o unfit_a to_o be_v otherwise_o employ_v beside_o the_o maintenance_n of_o all_o their_o several_a wife_n and_o child_n and_o family_n and_o further_o every_o man_n and_o maid-servant_n or_o orphan_n have_v any_o poor_a stock_n may_v venture_v the_o same_o in_o their_o fishing-voiages_a which_o afford'_v they_o ordinary_o great_a encrea_n and_o be_v due_o pay_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o gain_n 8._o encreas_n of_o provision_n and_o to_o conclude_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o holland_n only_o afford_v in_o itself_o some_o few_o hop_n madder_n butter_n and_o cheese_n abound_v notwithstanding_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o art_n of_o fish_v in_o plentiful_a manner_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n as_o well_o for_o life_n as_o in_o corn_n beef_n mutton_n hide_n and_o clothes_n as_o for_o luxury_n in_o wine_n silk_n and_o spice_n and_o for_o defence_n as_o in_o pitch_n tar_n cordage_n timber_n all_o which_o they_o have_v not_o only_o in_o competent_a proportion_n for_o their_o use_n but_o be_v likewise_o able_a from_o their_o several_a magazine_n to_o supply_v their_o neighbor-country_n the_o premise_n consider_v it_o make_v much_o to_o the_o ignominy_n and_o shame_n of_o our_o english_a nation_n that_o god_n and_o nature_n offer_v we_o so_o great_a a_o treasure_n even_o at_o our_o own_o door_n we_o do_v notwithstanding_o neglect_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o and_o by_o pay_v money_n to_o stranger_n for_o the_o fish_n of_o our_o own_o sea_n impoverish_v our_o selus_fw-la to_o make_v they_o rich_a insomuch_o that_o for_o want_n of_o industry_n and_o care_n in_o this_o particular_a two_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o fisher-town_n be_v decay_v and_o reduce_v to_o extreme_a poverty_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a by_o diligent_a endevor_v to_o make_v use_n of_o so_o great_a a_o blessing_n we_o may_v in_o short_a time_n repair_v these_o decay_a town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o add_v both_o honour_n strength_n and_o riches_n to_o our_o king_n and_o country_n which_o how_o easy_o it_o may_v be_v do_v will_v appear_v by_o some_o few_o observation_n follow_v by_o erect_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o buss_n of_o reasonable_a strength_n and_o bigness_n there_o will_v be_v employment_n make_v for_o a_o thousand_o ship_n and_o for_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o fisherman_n and_o mariner_n at_o sea_n and_o consequent_o for_o as_o many_o tradesman_n and_o laborer_n at_o land_n the_o herring_n take_v by_o the_o buss_n will_v afford_v his_o majesty_n two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a custom_n outward_a and_o for_o commodity_n return_v inward_a thirty_o thousand_o pound_n and_o above_o we_o have_v timber_n sufficient_a and_o at_o reasonable_a rate_n grow_v in_o our_o own_o kingdom_n for_o the_o build_n of_o buss_n every_o shire_n afford_v hardy_a and_o able_a man_n fit_a for_o such_o employment_n who_o now_o live_v poor_o and_o idle_a at_o home_n we_o have_v victual_n in_o great_a plenty_n sell_v at_o easy_a rate_n without_o payment_n of_o excise_n or_o impost_n our_o shore_n and_o harbour_n be_v near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o fish_n do_v haunt_v for_o drink_v or_o net_n salt_v and_o pack_v our_o fish_n and_o for_o succour_v in_o stress_n of_o weather_n we_o may_v bring_v our_o fish_n to_o land_n salt_n and_o pack_v it_o and_o from_o some_o part_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v dominion_n be_v at_o our_o market_n in_o france_n spain_n or_o italy_n before_o the_o hollander_n can_v arrive_v in_o holland_n we_o have_v mean_n to_o transport_v our_o fish_n into_o some_o northern_a country_n where_o the_o hollander_n seldom_o or_o never_o come_v and_o though_o we_o have_v as_o many_o buss_n as_o the_o hollander_n yet_o be_v there_o vent_v for_o all_o or_o more_o for_o in_o the_o east_n and_o northern_a country_n and_o in_o many_o other_o
or_o singularity_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v beside_o most_o apparent_a that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n do_v not_o only_o pretend_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sound_n but_o cause_v all_o such_o ship_n as_o pass_v through_o it_o to_o pay_v what_o toll_n he_o please_v the_o great_a turk_n prohibit'_v all_o nation_n save_v his_o own_o vassal_n to_o enter_v the_o black_a sea_n or_o pontus_n euxinus_n the_o like_a he_o do_v to_o the_o red_a sea_n which_o conte_v at_o the_o least_o 1200_o mile_n in_o length_n begin_v from_o the_o streit_n of_o babelmandel_n which_o give_v we_o entrance_n thereinto_o and_o end_v at_o the_o town_n of_o sue_v which_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o bottom_n thereof_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n oppose_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n any_o but_o his_o own_o subject_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o east-indies_n affirm_v those_o sea_n to_o be_v entire_o under_o his_o dominion_n as_o well_o by_o conquest_n as_o the_o pope_n donation_n insomuch_o as_o the_o small_a vessel_n even_o of_o the_o native_n of_o those_o part_n can_v sail_v from_o port_n to_o port_n without_o the_o passport_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o goa_n or_o of_o some_o other_o by_o he_o depute_v thereto_o style_v himself_o among_o other_o his_o title_n to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o conquest_n navigation_n and_o commerce_n or_o traffic_n of_o aethiopia_n arabia_n persia_n india_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v be_v hitherto_o so_o punctual_o observe_v as_o no_o castilian_a or_o spaniard_n may_v at_o any_o time_n or_o for_o any_o occasion_n sail_n into_o the_o east-indies_n though_o both_o those_o nation_n be_v for_o many_o year_n together_o unite_v under_o one_o king_n second_o if_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o sea_n dotrue_o and_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n as_o have_v be_v so_o sufficient_o clear_v and_o prove_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n by_o that_o learned_a book_n entitle_v mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la why_o may_v not_o or_o ought_v not_o the_o people_n of_o england_n by_o all_o lawful_a way_n procure_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o sea_n that_o so_o just_o apperte_v unto_o they_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o any_o force_n violence_n or_o opposition_n how_o great_a soever_o of_o their_o most_o powerful_a neighbour_n whenas_o we_o see_v the_o venetian_n to_o be_v so_o jealous_a in_o preservation_n of_o the_o title_n they_o pretend_v to_o their_o sea_n as_o rather_o than_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o least_o sort_n question_v they_o do_v upon_o all_o occasion_n oppose_v themselves_o by_o force_n or_o otherwise_o against_o the_o most_o potent_a prince_n of_o europe_n and_o asia_n vale._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dominium_fw-la maris_fw-la or_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea._n after_o a_o long_a peace_n betwixt_o the_o progenitor_n of_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o and_o the_o republic_n of_o venice_n in_o the_o year_n 1508_o there_o begin_v certain_a slight_a difference_n which_o conclude_v in_o a_o notable_a and_o most_o memorable_a war_n insomuch_o as_o the_o republic_n for_o 22_o year_n follow_v be_v with_o the_o say_a prince_n and_o with_o his_o posterity_n for_o divers_a respect_n sometime_o in_o war_n sometime_o in_o peace_n and_o sometime_o in_o truce_n until_o in_o the_o year_n 1529_o all_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o be_v compose_v and_o a_o peace_n conclude_v in_o bolonia_n which_o continue_v all_o that_o age_n with_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o together_o with_o his_o brother_n ferdinando_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o archduke_n of_o austria_n but_o because_o by_o the_o division_n make_v betwixt_o the_o say_a brethren_n seven_o year_n before_o all_o the_o austrian_a land_n which_o confine_v with_o the_o venetian_n be_v lay_v by_o agreement_n unto_o the_o part_n which_o belong_v unto_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o confine_n of_o which_o as_o they_o have_v conjuncture_n with_o the_o land_n of_o the_o republic_n be_v very_o intricate_a and_o of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o conclude_v unto_o whether_o party_n they_o do_v belong_v as_o well_o for_o the_o public_a reason_n of_o the_o say_a prince_n as_o for_o those_o of_o their_o private_a subject_n to_o end_v all_o which_o in_o quiet_a it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o arbitrarie_a tribunal_n erect_v in_o trent_n for_o the_o decide_n of_o these_o doubt_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 1535_o pronounce_v sentence_n whereby_o all_o the_o difference_n be_v more_o than_o a_o hundred_o be_v definitive_o conclude_v here_o notwithstanding_o the_o difficulty_n cease_v not_o because_o some_o do_v travers_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n so_o as_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n new_a quarrel_n do_v arise_v from_o both_o side_n each_o one_o pretend_v new_a wrongâ—_n offer_v by_o the_o advers._fw-la party_n whereupon_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o difference_n there_o be_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n as_o well_o of_o ferdinando_n who_o succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n by_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o brother_n as_o of_o the_o republic_n a_o convention_n appoint_v in_o friuli_n 1563_o of_o five_o commissary_n one_o procurator_n and_o three_o advocate_n for_o each_o part_n who_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o difference_n as_o well_o old_a as_o new_a and_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o conclude_v they_o under_o the_o ratification_n of_o the_o several_a prince_n and_o this_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o judge_n be_v desire_v by_o the_o emperor_n the_o better_a to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o his_o subject_n of_o several_a province_n interest_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o imperial_a side_n the_o commissary_n be_v andrew_n preghel_n a_o baron_n of_o austria_n maximilian_n dorimbergh_n elenger_n de_fw-fr goritia_n stephen_n sourz_n and_o anthony_n statemberger_n the_o procurator_n be_v giacomo_n campana_n chancellor_n of_o goritia_n the_o doctor_n or_o advocate_n be_v andrea_n rapicio_fw-la gervasio_n alberto_n and_o giovan_n maria_n gratia_n dei_fw-la for_o the_o venetian_n the_o commissary_n be_v sebastian_z venier_n marino_n de_fw-fr cavalli_n pietro_n sanudo_n giovan_n baptista_n contarini_n and_o augustin_n barbarigo_n the_o procurator_n be_v giovan_n antonio_n a_o secretary_n the_o advocates_n marquardo_fw-it susanna_n francisco_n gratiano_n and_o giacomo_n chizzola_n at_o this_o convention_n the_o complaint_n on_o both_o side_n be_v open_v which_o be_v argue_v and_o the_o other_o public_a difference_n partly_o compose_v and_o partly_o decide_v there_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n a_o petition_n of_o the_o imperial_a procurator_n in_o this_o form_n ejusden_n majestatis_fw-la nomine_fw-la requiritur_fw-la ut_fw-la posthac_fw-la illius_fw-la subditis_fw-la atque_fw-la aliis_fw-la in_o sinu_fw-la adriatico_n tutò_fw-la navigare_fw-la ac_fw-la negotiari_fw-la liceat_fw-la item_n ut_fw-la damna_fw-la tergestinis_fw-la mercatoribus_fw-la atque_fw-la aliis_fw-la illata_fw-la restituantur_fw-la it_o be_v require_v in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o majesty_n that_o hereafter_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o his_o subject_n and_o other_o to_o traffic_v and_o navigate_v safe_o in_o the_o adriatic_a gulf._n likewise_o that_o recompense_n be_v make_v for_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o trieste_n and_o other_o and_o rapicio_fw-la the_o advocate_n do_v accompany_v this_o demand_n with_o say_v that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n to_o be_v handle_v with_o any_o subtlety_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n most_o notorious_a that_o navigation_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a notwithstanding_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o majesty_n have_v be_v constrain_v to_o go_v with_o their_o ship_n to_o venice_n and_o there_o to_o pay_v custom_n at_o which_o his_o majesty_n be_v aggrieve_v and_o make_v instance_n that_o it_o may_v be_v remedy_v to_o this_o chizzola_n advocate_n of_o the_o republic_n make_v answer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o clear_a case_n indeed_o that_o navigation_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a but_o yet_o those_o thing_n whereat_o they_o be_v aggrieve_v be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o this_o freedom_n forasmuch_o as_o in_o country_n which_o be_v most_o free_a those_o who_o have_v the_o dominion_n thereof_o receiv_a custom_n and_o order_n by_o which_o way_n all_o merchandise_n shall_v pass_v and_o therefore_o no_o body_n shall_v be_v grieve_v if_o the_o venetian_n for_o their_o own_o respect_n do_v use_v so_o to_o do_v in_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n which_o be_v under_o their_o dominion_n and_o he_o add_v that_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o dispute_v of_o the_o business_n in_o question_n he_o be_v to_o advertise_v they_o that_o this_o cause_n can_v not_o by_o any_o preten_v be_v bring_v into_o judgement_n at_o that_o convention_n which_o be_v only_o institute_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v former_o sentence_v and_o for_o right_v of_o such_o new_a wrong_n which_o succeed_v after_o the_o sentence_n it_o be_v beside_o a_o thing_n most_o notorious_a that_o the_o republic_n as_o lord_n of_o the_o adriatiok_n sea_n do_v exercise_v that_o dominion_n at_o the_o present_a
such_o impediment_n as_o either_o by_o pirate_n or_o potentate_n as_o well_o of_o italy_n as_o of_o the_o opposite_a shore_n at_o divers_a time_n have_v be_v raise_v and_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o such_o doubt_n as_o may_v arise_v by_o the_o subtle_a construction_n of_o word_n he_o add_v that_o although_o those_o who_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o speak_v in_o the_o strict_a term_n of_o the_o law_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o such_o thing_n only_o be_v gain_v by_o custom_n which_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v to_o be_v common_a be_v notwithstanding_o convert_v to_o a_o private_a benefit_n yet_o without_o any_o impeachment_n of_o the_o public_a profit_n as_o to_o fish_v in_o a_o river_n without_o impeachment_n of_o navigation_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o the_o title_n of_o custom_n can_v be_v unproper_o give_v where_o there_o shall_v be_v gain_v and_o continual_o keep_v in_o possession_n and_o dominion_n a_o quantity_n either_o of_o sea_n or_o land_n abandon_v and_o of_o no_o man_n possess_v as_o bartholus_fw-la baldus_n castro_n and_o other_o do_v affirm_v and_o although_o that_o by_o title_n of_o prescription_n a_o thing_n can_v possible_o be_v say_v to_o be_v possess_v unless_o by_o the_o occupation_n of_o it_o another_z be_v thereof_o spoil_v and_o dispossess_v which_o title_n come_v not_o in_o this_o place_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o republic_n have_v not_o spoil_v any_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o have_v seize_v upon_o it_o find_v it_o abandon_v &_o without_o patron_n or_o possessor_n notwithstanding_o in_o some_o sort_n it_o may_v be_v call_v prescription_n as_o if_o a_o falcon_n be_v let_v fly_v and_o cast_v off_o by_o its_o master_n and_o thereupon_o grow_v wild_a shall_v after_o be_v take_v up_o by_o another_o and_o by_o he_o man_v and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n feed_v although_o not_o proper_o yet_o not_o absurd_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o this_o second_o master_n have_v it_o by_o prescription_n likewise_o to_o speak_v in_o term_n of_o law_n the_o propriety_n of_o speech_n do_v not_o admit_v the_o use_n of_o this_o word_n servitude_n unless_o to_o the_o proper_a territory_n of_o a_o state_n there_o be_v get_v some_o power_n over_o another_o state_n and_o yet_o that_o state_n remain_n patron_n of_o its_o own_o notwithstanding_o in_o this_o since_o the_o republic_n have_v not_o bring_v the_o sea_n in_o servitude_n to_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n because_o it_o have_v not_o get_v any_o special_a use_n or_o command_v over_o it_o the_o dominion_n for_o all_o that_o remain_v to_o another_o patron_n but_o have_v assume_v the_o total_a and_o entire_a dominion_n thereof_o which_o be_v before_o abandon_v neither_o by_o any_o govern_v or_o protect_v nevertheless_o it_o may_v in_o a_o certain_a proportion_n be_v call_v servitude_n inasmuch_o as_o the_o republic_n have_v be_v constrain_v to_o assume_v the_o total_a dominion_n and_o government_n thereof_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n whereof_o it_o have_v necessary_a use_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o privilege_n of_o keep_v this_o sea_n and_o who_o be_v the_o donor_n this_o neither_o can_v here_o have_v any_o place_n forasmuch_o as_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o it_o there_o be_v not_o any_o who_o can_v make_v any_o grant_n thereof_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n never_o have_v any_o power_n or_o authority_n over_o it_o and_o as_o little_a superiority_n or_o jurisdiction_n have_v any_o other_o western_a prince_n and_o therefore_o can_v so_o much_o the_o less_o give_v it_o to_o another_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n not_o have_v force_n sufficient_a to_o keep_v it_o have_v long_o since_o abandon_v it_o and_o be_v thereupon_o divest_v of_o all_o the_o power_n he_o have_v over_o it_o and_o of_o the_o possession_n thereof_o never_o make_v any_o grant_n thereof_o in_o the_o successive_a peace_n and_o treaty_n which_o happen_v afterward_o betwixt_o the_o say_a empire_n and_o the_o republic_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o the_o italian_a lawyer_n as_o professor_n of_o the_o cesarean_a law_n &_o swear_v to_o the_o very_a word_n of_o it_o be_v beside_o most_o devote_a to_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n as_o if_o at_o this_o present_a day_n augustus_n or_o antoninus_n do_v reign_v do_v force_n themselves_o with_o all_o extortion_n to_o verify_v upon_o the_o western_a emperor_n that_o say_v imperator_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la mundi_fw-la the_o emperor_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n which_o at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o it_o be_v first_o pronounce_v be_v not_o true_a in_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o at_o this_o present_v not_o in_o any_o considerable_a proportion_n and_o while_o they_o will_v honour_v the_o emperor_n and_o give_v he_o with_o such_o word_n as_o these_o that_o which_o he_o neither_o have_v nor_o can_v have_v they_o consider_v not_o the_o absurdity_n of_o the_o speech_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v that_o no_o king_n possess_v any_o estate_n lawful_o unless_o it_o be_v grant_v he_o by_o the_o emperor_n which_o be_v as_o true_a as_o when_o they_o affirm_v that_o the_o venetian_n possess_v the_o adriatic_a sea_n by_o a_o imperial_a privilege_n but_o it_o appear_v clear_a enough_o in_o what_o since_o this_o be_v speak_v by_o they_o because_o there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o do_v intend_v thereby_o that_o there_o be_v ever_o any_o such_o grant_v make_v thereof_o by_o the_o emperor_n but_o by_o that_o they_o do_v figurative_o intend_v a_o privilege_n assume_v by_o immemorable_a possession_n which_o possession_n they_o interpret_v to_o be_v with_o the_o knowledge_n and_o sufferance_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v that_o christian_a king_n possess_v their_o kingdom_n and_o the_o republic_n possess_v the_o adriatic_a sea_n as_o lawful_o by_o their_o title_n of_o acquire_v it_o as_o if_o those_o kingdom_n and_o that_o sea_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o from_o and_o by_o he_o to_o those_o prince_n and_o to_o the_o republic_n afterward_o grant_v so_o spacious_o do_v chizzola_n dilate_v in_o speak_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o lawyer_n it_o be_v the_o field_n of_o his_o profession_n he_o conclude_v that_o any_o one_o may_v rest_v satisfy_v as_o well_o in_o truth_n as_o in_o reason_n that_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o say_a doctor_n there_o be_v sure_a foundation_n lay_v to_o the_o cause_n which_o he_o do_v defend_v after_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o lawyer_n he_o add_v that_o of_o the_o historian_n who_o do_v relate_v that_o the_o republic_n for_o more_o than_o 300_o year_n past_a do_v receiv_o custom_n of_o such_o as_o sail_v that_o sea_n and_o keep_v arm_v vessel_n in_o a_o readiness_n for_o to_o compel_v all_o such_o ship_n so_o sail_v to_o go_v to_o venice_n testify_v moreover_o that_o even_o unto_o their_o present_a time_n the_o same_o custom_n be_v observe_v but_o upon_o their_o attestation_n he_o dwell_v not_o much_o say_v that_o though_o they_o be_v good_a testimony_n of_o precede_a occurrence_n yet_o when_o one_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v the_o interest_n of_o prince_n or_o of_o private_a person_n he_o ought_v to_o help_v himself_o by_o authentic_a writing_n and_o to_o use_v the_o historian_n with_o great_a discretion_n some_o of_o they_o be_v move_v by_o love_n other_o with_o hatred_n and_o other_o with_o hope_n of_o preferment_n which_o constrain_n they_o oftentimes_o to_o use_v flattery_n or_o hyperbole_n upon_o which_o can_v be_v lay_v any_o sure_a foundation_n wherefore_o he_o produce_v a_o act_n of_o the_o general_a council_n of_o lion_n anno_fw-la 1274_o where_o the_o abbot_n of_o nervesa_n be_v delegated_a by_o the_o pope_n upon_o a_o pretention_n of_o those_o of_o ancona_n to_o have_v free_a navigation_n upon_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n sentence_v that_o the_o demand_n shall_v be_v reject_v and_o that_o the_o venetian_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o the_o defence_n and_o protection_n thereof_o from_o the_o saracen_n and_o pirate_n neither_o shall_v be_v disturb_v from_o exact_v thereupon_o their_o right_n and_o custom_n which_o they_o have_v of_o victual_n merchandise_n and_o other_o portable_a commodity_n chizzola_n likewise_o add_v that_o it_o be_v clean_o out_o of_o memory_n when_o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v create_v in_o venice_n a_o captain_n of_o the_o gulf_n because_o in_o the_o year_n 1230_o the_o chancery_n be_v burn_v with_o the_o memorial_n of_o all_o such_o election_n but_o from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o present_a he_o can_v show_v out_o of_o the_o public_a register_n the_o continual_a succession_n of_o the_o say_v elect_v captain_n without_o any_o interruption_n likewise_o he_o add_v moreover_o that_o there_o remain_v the_o register_n from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o of_o the_o licenses_fw-la grant_v to_o pass_v the_o say_a sea_n with_o arm_a vessel_n or_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o to_o