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A53222 America : being the latest, and most accurate description of the new vvorld containing the original of the inhabitants, and the remarkable voyages thither, the conquest of the vast empires of Mexico and Peru and other large provinces and territories : with the several European plantations in those parts : also their cities, fortresses, towns, temples, mountains, and rivers : their habits, customs, manners, and religions, their plants, beasts, birds, and serpents : with an appendix containing, besides several other considerable additions, a brief survey of what hath been discover'd of the unknown south-land and the arctick region : collected from most authentick authors, augmented with later observations, and adorn'd with maps and sculptures / by John Ogilby ... Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683. Nieuwe en onbekende weereld. 1671 (1671) Wing O165; ESTC R16958 774,956 643

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here as out of a Mine and gather it naturally made ready to their Hands not half a Mile from the Sea side on the back side of the Promontory or Cape by some call'd Punto de Araya and by others for this reason Cape de Salinas Towns and Places of note Places of chiefest consideration here are 1. Cumana it self a Colony of Spaniards seated on the Banks of a little River two Miles distant from the Sea where it hath a good Harbor 2. St. Jago a very strong Fortress which the Spaniards of late years have built for the defence and security of the Salt-works against the Dutch who began to Trade much that way and in the Year 1622. had a Design to have made themselves Masters of the Place 3. St. Michael de Neveri another Fortress of theirs standing upon a River bearing the same Name 4. Guaniba a Town of the Natives This Countrey of Cumana being generally infested with terrible Crocodiles hath a large Inlet call'd Cariaco which flows fourteen Leagues into the Countrey Manners and Customs of the People The Men of this Countrey wear Cotton Cloaks and anointing their Bodies with Gum stick the same full of Feathers When they go to Wars or to a general Feast then they shave their Hair off above their Ears pull out their Beards and black their Teeth with a certain Herb. Their Princes and Grandees take as many Wives as they please and give to those of their Guests whom they intend most to oblige their choice of the fairest of them to lie with Whoring is accounted no shame except amongst Marry'd Women who generally live very Chaste unless their Husbands consent to their Adultery The Women also Hunt Fish Shoot and Swim and are diligent in Tilling their Lands and other Houshold Affairs Most of them have sore Eyes occasion'd not so much as some wrongfully suppose by their drinking of the Water out of the Stream Cumana but proceeding rather from their unwholsom Food as Spiders and the like Amongst the several sorts of Trees that grow here there are some that yield a white well scented Gum or delicious Juice like Milk and produce a Fruit not unlike a Mulberry which may be boyl'd to an excellent Syrrup the Wood also strikes Fire There are others whose Timber is good for Shipping The Soil also produces Cassia-Fistula Roses and other strong smelling Flowers and Herbs For Beasts Beasts besides Lyons Tygers and wild Hogs there are several strange kinds here as the Cappa which is bigger than an Ass having shaggy and black Hair it runs away from Mankind but devours whasoever else it meets with The Aranata which hath a Goats Beard and is of the bigness of a Greyhound it howls very dreadfully and feeds on Fruits The wild Cats which breed here leap though great with Young from one Tree to another In the Evening a Beast like a lean Dog comes to their Huts cries like a Child and devours all those it meets abroad wherefore every one that goes out in the Night carries a lighted Stick with him for this Beast dreads the sight of Fire The Trees give Harbor to great numbers of Parrots and other fine Feather'd Birds The Bats here are very large and hurtful sucking the Blood from Men and Beasts The Muschito's also do very much plague and vex the Inhabitants The Spiders much bigger than those of Europe and of divers colours make very strong Cobwebs Along the Sea-Coast and in the Rivers is plenty of delicious Fish Anno 1513. two Dominican Fryers went over from Terra Firma to Cumana where the Natives kindly Entertain'd them till a Spanish Ship Anchoring there for the Pearl-Trade carry'd away by violence the Governor and seventeen of his Servants whereupon the Natives threatned that unless their Lord was restor'd they would put the two Dominicans to death the Spaniards promising restauration of him in four Moneths time inform'd the Council at Hispaniola of it who not consenting to his Releasement the two Monks were according the former threatning presently put to death Yet after this the Franciscans and Dominicans built each of them a Cloyster in the Province of Chiribichi where they kept friendly Correspondence with the Cumana's till Anno 1520. when Alonso de Ojeda coming to an Anchor before Maracapana under pretence of bartering Maiz for Spanish Goods with the Tagarez who came about fifty from the Mountains on which they liv'd being three Leagues up in the Countrey and brought Maiz down to the Shore the Spaniards took thirty six of them Prisoners and kill'd or wounded the rest Whereupon the Governor Gonzales being complain'd unto by the neighboring Prince Maraguey and his assistance desir'd in taking Revenge of the Dominicans and Franciscans who had urg'd and perswaded Ojeda to the fore-mention'd Act Gonzales hereupon made an Agreement with Maraguey that he should destroy the Monks whilest he himself would kill Ojeda which they accordingly perform'd The Council in St. Domingo inform'd hereof immediately sent three Ships Mann'd with three hundred Men under the Command of Gonzalo de Ocampo who Anchoring in the Haven of Maracapana feign'd as if he came newly from Spain and that he knew nothing of the Business between Ojeda and Gonzales that so he might entice the Natives into his Ship and accordingly when divers of them came aboard the Armed Spaniards started from under the Decks and hung them up at their Yard-arms burnt the Village Maracapana and ruin'd the Countrey far and near with Fire and Sword Ocampo also built the Town Toledo about half a League farther into the Countrey where the Bishop Bartholomew de las Casas making his Visitation commanded Ocampo to forbear his cruelty against the Natives he having daily either burnt hang'd beheaded or made Slaves of some or other of them Casas also caus'd a little Fort to be built at the Mouth of the River Cumana to be near to prevent the inhumane Murders and Oppressions committed by his Countrey-men but because the Inhabitants of Cubagua bereav'd him of his chief Builder his Fort was left half unfinish'd wherefore Casas leaving the Command of this Countrey to Francisco de Soto went back to Hispaniola where in St. Domingo he made his Complaints to the High Court of Justice of the Spaniards Cruelties but being little regarded he went into the Dominicans Cloyster till he was call'd out and made Bishop of Chiapa Mean while Soto contrary to Casas his order had fitted out two Ships to Trade along the Coast of Paria but the Expedition prov'd very unsuccessful Soto with all his Men destroy●d by the Indians for he and all his Men were destroy'd by the Natives not without just reason for the Spaniards according to the Relation of Casas from an Eye-witness destroy'd this Countrey after such a manner that a Ship Sail'd between Lucago and Hispaniola sixty Leagues without any Compass finding the Way onely by the floating of dead Bodies thrown out of the Spanish Ships Moreover the Prisoners fainting were
to seven thousand Duckets as we mention'd before yet was put in Prison by his Order contrary to all Promises Nay Gottierez threatned to burn him not regarding that he had besides receiv'd of him several Pieces of Gold resembling all manner of Beasts as Tygers and others and also Fishes and Fowls curiously wrought which were valu'd at two Tun of Gold yet this Present seemed too little for him whereupon bringing the Prisoner to a Chest Unsatisfied Covetousness of Gottierez he swore that he would rost him by degrees if in four days time he did not furnish him with four times as much more Gold as that Chest would hold Whereupon Chamachiren's Servants went away to get the requir'd Gold but he through carelesness of the Watch made his escape in the Night so that Gottierez lost his Booty But the other Prisoners though threatned to be torn asunder with Dogs remain'd firm disowning that they had any Gold and among the rest one speaking boldly to the Spanish Officer said That he stood amaz'd at his treacherous dealings why did he keep him Chain'd against Law and Promse and often threaten'd him with death but yet would not kill him for he said he● had rather choose to die than live so miserable a life Gottierez's Conscience troubling him he would willingly have releas'd the Indian and the rather because he promis'd to procure a great ransome of Gold but the inferior Commanders would not consent to it After this they march'd six days through great Wildernesses and over high Mountains finding no Footsteps of any People Lastly They came down a very dangerous and steep Mountain where had not the Shrubs and jutting Stones serv'd them to hold by they had all broken their Necks Dangerous Mountains Fifteen Leagues the hanging of this Mountain spread it self along a sweet River Strange Huts on whose opposite Shore stood strange Huts full of dead Tygers Deers Heads and Legs here they staid two days to rest themselves where the Trees Mamei and the Cazabi Plants yielded them good Food Travelling forward Gottierez ask'd an Indian which was the nearest way to a Village but he pretending not to know any near hand had his Head immediately cut off In like manner and for the same reason the Indian Prince should also have been Executed had not Gottierez given order to the contrary seeing his resolution that with no less Patience than undaunted Courage stretch'd forth his Neck to the Executioners Mean while their Provisions decreasing they suffer'd extreme hunger insomuch that some fainted quite away The Souldiers also rebelling against Gottierez for Food he commanded them to kill their Dogs and stamp the Barks of Trees two days they travelled much discontented in this manner and at last came to the entrance of a Wood where they espy'd an Indian standing behind a Tree which on a sudden ran away with incredible swiftness early the next morning above four thousand Indians came Marching against the faint Spaniards making a terrible noise with Horns and Drums they were all except their Princes Painted black and red some wore Plumes of Feathers on their Heads and Collars of the same about their Necks the fight began very fiercely by casting abundance of Stones and shooting of Arrows wherein though Gottierez was at first Wounded Valiant fight yet after half an hour the Assailants fled but recruited with fresh Forces renew'd the fight breaking into their Ranks and making so great slaughter amongst them with Woodden Swords and Palm-Tree Clubs knocking down and dealing such deadly Wounds that of the Spaniards three onely escap'd saving themselves by flight who two hours after much amaz'd and terrify'd came to their reserve consisting onely of twenty four Men which Alphonso de Risa Commanded the insulting Enemy at their Heels waving over their Heads the Swords Shields and Cross-Bows which they had gotten from the slain Spaniards and some withal crying in the Spanish Tongue Come Christians come and take Gold But de Risa for all their pride set them going with some Volleys of Shot after this escaping innumerable other dangers he came to Nombre de Dios without having effected any thing of Note SECT XI The Expeditions of Peter Alvarado Francisco and Gonzalvo Pizarro and Diego de Almagro Pizarro's and Almagro's remarkable exploits IN the City of Panama in New Spain liv'd three eminent Spaniards call'd Francisco Pizarro Diego de Almagro and Ferdinand de Luque a Priest which joyntly design'd to discover farther Southerly along the rich Gold and Pearl Coast and inspect the Southern Ocean De Luque was to look to home-affairs and Pizarro set Sail first with a Ship Man'd with one hundred and fourteen Men which Almagro follow'd with seventy more yet both were valiantly repuls'd by the Peruvians but although they return'd the first time with bad success yet they undertook their business once more but with no better fortune whereupon discouraged the undertaking seem'd to be totally laid aside and the American Vice-Roy Peter de Rios forbad any to attempt a farther Discovery concerning Peru. The former difficulties with this Edict easily wrought upon Pizarro's men all but twelve to leave him for the rest went over with the Ship fitted out by Rios with succors to the Island Gallo where Pizarro resided having also fail'd in his second Expedition But although he had made two bad Voyages yet having an inclination to a third attempt he went to Spain desiring of the Emperor to be Governor of Peru which he had discover'd for besides his Plea of Merits he had taken possession of the Country twice by Landing there intended for the use of his Imperial Majesty one of his Sea-men to that purpose flourishing his two-handed Sword over his Head the glistering of which Sword so frighted the Natives that none of them durst come near him His request being consulted upon was at last granted the Government of Peru being conferred upon him but Almagro took it very ill that Pizarro went to the Emperor on such a design for himself yet by the mediation of his Friends the difference was reconciled then Pizarro setting Sail with one hundred and fifty Foot besides Horse and Landing at the Island Puna Pizarro's fight on Puna at first was courteously entertain'd but the Spaniards by extravagant hunting and searching every where their Houses for Gold and committing several other outrages incensing chang'd the humor of the Inhabitants so much that they fell upon them In stead of Ensigns Standards and Warlike Trophies they used long Canes at the end whereof were ty'd the Bones of their antient Hero's honor'd by them after their death But these Reliques sav'd not the Indians from slaughter so well as the coverts of a neighboring Wood. From this Isle lying three degrees Southward of the Equinoctial Pizarro passed over to the Main Continent where they were all in a great confusion upon the report of the Spaniards cruelties committed in Puna Comes to Peru. yet all the preparations of