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A51736 To His Highnesse the Lord Protector of the Common-wealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland the humble addresses of Menasseh ben Israel, a divine, and doctor of physick, in behalfe of the Jewish nation. Manasseh ben Israel, 1604-1657. 1641 (1641) Wing M379; ESTC R224573 20,093 36

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last of March they made an Edict in the same City in which they expressed That seeing the Iewes in their Countries drew many Christians to turne Iewes and especially some Noble-men of their Kingdome of Andaluzia that for this cause they banished them under most heavy penalties c. So that the cause of their banishment was not any disloyalty at all Now what amongst many others in all Christendom one famous Lawyer in Rome and Osorius an excellent and most eloquent Historian have thought I shall here relate In the year 1492 saith the Lawyer Ferdinand called the Catholick being King of Spaine drove out of his Country all the Iewes that were living there from the time of the Babylonian and Roman Captivity and were very rich in houses and goods and that upon pain if they went not away within the terme of 6 moneths that all their houses and goods should be confiscated unto the Exchequer which as we have said were very great Whereupon they leaving the Kingdome of Castile they went over many of them into Portugal as being the nearest place In the year 1497 there being an Alliance contracted between the Kings of Castile and Portugal the Iewes at the request of the said King Ferdinand were banished out of Portugal but it being against the will of Emauël King of Portugal to have them banished out of his Country he resolved to oblidge them to become Christians promising never to molest them neither in Criminall matters nor in the losse of their goods and exempted them from many burdens and Tributs of the Kingdome This Emanuël being dead Iohn III. succeeded in his place in the Kingdome of Portugal who being excited by others said That what his Father Emanuë had done concerning the not-troubling them was of no valew because they lived not as was convenient and that without the authority of the Pope of Rome his father could not graunt any such thing for which cause he would that for those that lived amish there should be proceeded against as against the Mores in Castile And sending to Rome to disanull the said promises it was not onely not graunted to him but moreover they reprooved his appearance there and praised and approoved the promises made by his Father Emanuël to the Iewes publishing a general pardon to all that were taken which were about 1500 and they all were set free Which Bull was granted by Clement VII by the intervention of all the Consistory of Cardinals Afterwards the said king Iohn sent once againe to desire the former Licence with so many replications and triplications that at length the Pope granted it But a few dayes after it was revoked againe with a generall Pardon to all that were taken which were 12000 with such a determination that the same Licence should never be granted as being against all right and reason This troubled Don Iohn the King very much and withall the Cardinal his brother who came in these last dayes to be King of Portugal himself Great Paul III. of the house of Farnesia succeeding to Clement the VII there was a request tendred to the Pope for power to bring in the Inquisition into this Kingdome The Pope would not grant it saying He could not and that it was a thing against reason and Iustice but on the contrary confirmed the promises made by the King Don Emanuël his Father and pardonned all the delinquents since the time of violence unto that day Don Iohn seeing this sent an Embassadour meerly for that busines to the Pope but could obtaine nothing at all for which cause King Iohn resolved to entreat the Emperour Charles the V. than passing for Rome as Conquerour over the Turks having wonn Tunis and Goleta that in this his Triumph he would take occasion to desire this favour from the Pope that the King of Portugal might set up the Inquisition in his Kingdome it being an old custome that those that triumphed should aske something of the Pope that they most desired The Emperour than having desired this the Pope answered him that he could not do it by reason of the agreement made and the promises of the King Don Emanuël which he had found by an Apostolicall Nuntio in Portugal in the year 1497 at which time the Iewes were forced and compelled to become Christians The Emperour replied Let that sinne fall on him and the Prince his sonne the Apostolicall seat shall be free from it So the Pope granted it because the Emperour Charles the V. was brother in law to King Don Iohn of Portugal and besides they treated at that time to enter further in affinity and to marry their children which since was effected After Paul the III. granted this there was a new Pardon given in generall to all that were taken unto that time amounting the Number unto 1800. But the King refusing to obey the Pardon and to free the Prisonners the Pope tooke it very ill and sent for this onely busines for his Nuntio one Monsegnor Monte Paliciano who since was Cardinal of the Church of Rome And the King for all this not obeying the Pope made the Nuntio to six the Pardon upon the doores of the Cathedral Churches and the Nuntio caused the Prisons to be opened and there were set free about 1800 prisonners He that sollicited this busines at Rome was one Seignor Duarte de Paz a Cavallier of the Order of St. Iohn whom to search out there were appointed at Rome ten men disguised these having found him gave him fifteen wounds and left him for dead thus wounded he was carried to the house of Seignor Philip Estrozi This being reported to the Pope Paul the III. he caused him to be carried to the Castle of S. Angelo where he gave order to have him nobly cured That same Seignor was by the Pope by all the Cardinals and the whole Court in great respect At the same time that this man was hurt the Emperour Charles the V. was at Rome with his Army On the time when he began to treat of this busines with Clement the VII seeing the Kings importunity he made a Bull and gave licence to all the Portugals of that Nation of the Iewes that they might go and live in the Church-Dominions and whosoever will come in the said Dominions that he shall have freedom to live as at the first in his Iewish profession and that at no time they should be enquired into but after the same manner as they were wont to live in Portugal so they should live there The said Bull passed all the Consistory and being confirmed and received by the said Portugals they began some of them to depart to live in Ancona being a sea-port more commodious then others which being known by the King and Cardinal of Portugal they caused to be proclaimed in all the Kingdome that upon paine of death and losse of all their goods no man should dare depart the Kingdome Clement being dead in his place succeeded as we have said Pope Paul