Months by Sergius assisted by the Famous Marozia Wife to Guy Marâ—zia Marquis of Tuscany From Christ 906. Rollo Duke of the Normans made himself Rollo Duke of Normandy Master of the Country which from the Name of that Nation is still called Normandy Charles the Simple not being able to hinder him of it yielded it to him with the Title of Dukedom and gave him his Daughter Gizellâ— iâ— Marriage From Christ 909. The Famous Abby of Cluny was founded The Abbey of Cluny near Maconois by William the Merciful Lord of that Country Count of Auvergne and Duke of Aquitain From Christ 910. Sergius infamous for his Debauch'd Life Popes with Marozia being dead Anastatius the Third succeeded him many Crowned Heads dyed that Year From Christ 911. The First King of Burgundy to whom succeeded Racul the Second his Son In Italy the Emperor Lambert left Berenger the Second to possess that Title Lewis in Germany the last Sovereign in that Kingdom of the Male-Line of Charlemain left only two Daughters the first Marryed to Conrade Duke of Franconia the second to Henry called L'Oiseteur Duke of Saxony At Constantinople Leo the Fifth termed Alexander Emperor of the East the Philosopher being dead Alexander his Brother succeeded him in the Empire and Reigned but one Year after whose Death Constantine the Seventh Son to Leo Constantine VII was set on the Throne From Christ 912. Under the Guardianship first of his Mother Zoe and then of Nicephorus Lacapenus Nicephorus Lacapenus who assumed the Title of Emperor and put Zoe into a Convent Anastatius the Third with Lando his Popes Successor being dead in less than a Year John the Tenth was made Pope From Christ 913. In Germany Conrade Duke of Franconia by the consent of other Princes took the Title of King and in a Year after Dying Conrad King of Germany Henry Loiseleur his Successor Henry called Loiseleur Duke of Saxe assumed the same Title by the Suffrage of the Princes From Christ 918. Robert Brother to the dead King Eudes took the Title of King of France in opposition to Charles the Simple From Christ 920. Then Robert having been kill'd in Battel Raoul Duke of Burgundy took his Kings of France place seized on the Person of Charles and kept him Prisoner From Christ 923. Berenger Duke of Friouli who wore the Title of Emperor in Italy being dead no Person was styled Emperor in the West till the year Nine hundred sixty two From Christ 925. The Italians invited Raoul King of Burgundy to be their King not long after they expell'd him and chose in his place Hughes who was Son to the Daughter of young Lothaire King of Lorrain Theodora Mother to Marozia had made John the Tenth Pope but Marozia put Popes him to Death in Prison and poison'd his two Successors Leo the Sixth and Stephen the Seventh to place in that See a Son of hers whom she had by Pope Sergius According to some Writers this young Man was call'd Octavian before he was Pope The change of the Names of Popes and having changed his Name to that of John from thence came the Custom of his Successors to alter their Names From Christ 930. Hughes King of Italy Marryed Marozia his half Sister who was both the Widow of Guy and of Alberies Marquis of Tuscany by that means Hughes firmly Kings of Italy of Burgunâ—y and of Arles establish'd himself in the Kingdom of Italy having also made a Treaty with Raoul King of Burgundy by which Raoul yielded up to him his Pretensions over Italy and Hughes Resigned to Raoul his Right to the Kingdoms of Arles From Christ 931 John the Eleventh infamous for his Debaucheries Dyed and had for his Successor Leo the Seventh From Christ 935. Popes After the Death of Raoul King of France the Nobility recall'd out of England Lewis the Fourth Son of Charles the 〈◊〉 D' Out 〈…〉 scing of France Simple whose Mother having fled thither with him at the time of his Father's Misfortunes for that cause Lewis had the Sur-name of Outremer From Christ 936. He had Marry'd a Daugâ—â—er of Otho King of Germany who had succeeded Henry Loyzeleur his Father the two Kings having adjusted the Difference they had at Otho King of Germany first about Lorrain Otho madâ— a reconciliation between Lewis his Son-in-Law and the chief Nobility of France who were disgusted with him Among those great Persons was Hughes the great Count of Paris Son to King Robert Hughes had Hughes the Great Marry'd a Sister of the Queen who was Daughter to King Otho From Christ 942. To Stephen the Eighth succeeded Martin the Third and Agapetus the Second Popes was his Successor From Christ 946. To Rollo Duke of Normandy succeeded Dukes of Normandy William who dying left his Son Richard very young upon which Lewis formed a Design to molest Normandy but was prevented by the chief of the Nobility of the Kingdom and particularly by Hughes Count of Paris From Christ 950. The Italians expell'd their King Hughes Kings of Italy and retained his Son Lothaire who soon after dying Berenger the Third Count of Juree was acknowledged King of Italy Adelais a Beautiful Princess Daughter to Lothaire refusing to Marry the Son of Berenger espoused Otho King of Germany The Affairs of Germany upon which Luidolph Son to Otho by a former Queen grew discontented which occasioned a War between the Father and the Son for three Years Agapetus the Second dyed and had for his Successor John the Twelfth a worthy Popes Grandson of the famous Marozia Lewis King of France dyed leaving Kings of France two Sons Lothaire and Charles very young From Christ 955. Romanus poysoned his Father Constantine Romanus Emperor of the East and possest the Empire of the East this most detestable Parricide dyed of his Debaucheries From Christ 960. The Army in Asia proclaimed Emperor Nicephorus and Phocas their General Nicephorus Phocas From Christ 963. Who during the Six years of his Reign regained with great Glory from the Saracens Cicilia Antioch with a part of Syria and the Isle of Cyprus He was kill'd by a Conspiracy of the Nobility who put in his place John Zimiscus chief of the John Zimiscus Conspirators From Christ 969. Otho King of Germany passed into Italy Emperor of the East against the Emperor Berenger overcame him in Battel took him Prisoner and sent him into Germany where he died Otho the second Emperor the Conqueror being Master of Italy caused himself to be Crowned at Rome by Pope John but so soon as Otho was gone Popes from Rome the Pope made that City revolt against him which obliged Otho to return there where in a Council he Assembled John was Deposed having been Convicted of all sorts of enormous Crimes and Leo the Eighth elected in his place Otho having again left Rome John the Pope
the Empire among A Schism in the Empire themselves one part for King Lewis Duke of Bavaria the other for Frederick Duke of Austria Son to the Emperor Albert. The Pope declared himself against Lewis who opposing the Pope favoured the Cordeliers whom the Pope persecuted He writ against them and they against him particularly William Okam an Englishman and very learned and of that Order protected by the Emperor Lewis From Christ 1322. In France a Posthumus Son of Lewis named Kings of France John having not lived above six Weeks Philip the Fifth called Le Long Brother to Lewis succeeded him against the Designs of some who would have maintained the pretended Right of Jean Daughter to the deceased King by the same Right of the Salick Law Charles the Fourth called Le Bel succeeded his Brother Philip and to Charles Philip the Sixth called of Valois Cousin German to the three last Kings maugre the Pretensions of Edward the Third King of England who said he had more Right because he was Son to Izabella Daughter to Philip le Bel. The Emperor had set up an Anti-pope Anti-pope a Cordelier under the Name of Nicholas the Fifth in opposition to Pope John But the Popes unfortunate Nicholas being fallen into the Hands of John was shut up in a Prison where he died miserably Not very long after Pope John being dead they put in his place Bennet the Twelfth a Gascoign From Christ 1334. At Constantinople Michael Paleologus had Emperors of Constantinople for his Successor his Son Andronicus and to this a Grandson of the same Name Who dying left his Sons very young under the Tuition of John Cantacusenes This John behaved himself so well in his Trust and with so great Authority that he acquired the Title of Emperor From Christ 1338. To Bennet the Twelfth succeeded Clement Popes the Sixth of Lymousin From Christ 1342. The War which lasted for some time between the English and the French proved fatal to the latter in this Year King Philip having lost the Battle near Cressy in Picardy The Battle of Cressy against King Edward who took Calais after a Year's Siege From Christ 1346. Lewis of Bavaria was called Emperor for some time part of the Princes of Germany did not acknowledge him He being dead they all at last unanimously Charles the Fourth Emperor agreed in the Election of Charles the Fourth of the House of Luxemburg King of Bohomia From Christ 1347. A dreadful Plague broke out in Cathaia A great Plague and spread it self in Persia Mesopotamia Syria and in Asia Minor Europe was infested with it even to the most Western parts and caused very strange Desolations through all places Clement the Sixth died He reduc'd the Popes Jubilee of a Hundred to Fifty Years Innocent the Sixth his Countryman succeeded him Christ From 1352. The People of Constantinople compelled Emperors of the East John Cantacusenes to resign the Empire to John Paleologus Son to Andronicus the Second From Christ 1354. John King of France who succeeded his The Battle of Poitiers Father Philip lost the Battle at Poitiers and there became Prisoner to Edward Prince of Wales Son to Edward King of England From Christ 1556. Charles Son to King John governed the Kingdom with great Prudence during his Father's Imprisonment Then followed Affairâ— betweâ—n France England the Treaty of Brittany in consequence of which King John returned to France upon his Parole but having not that Interest to oblige the Nobility of his Kingdom to consent to the Demands of the English he went over into England according to his Parole and most suitable to that just â—e â—rue Maxim foâ— Franceâ— Maxim he often repeated That if Truth and Faith were banish'd from the Dwellings of the rest of Mankind yet they ought to be found in the Hearts and Tongues of Princes He died in England He had instituted or re-establish'd the Order of the Star much about the Time The Order of the Stâ—â— and â—â—e Garter that King Edward instituted that of the Garter John left four Sons Charles the Fifth called the Wise was his Successor He was the first who had the Title of Dauphine The first Dauphine of France according to the Treaty made with Humbert Dauphine of Vienna by which he resigned up his Dominions to King John The other Sons of this King were Lewis The Second House of Anjou Duke of Anjou chief of the Second Royal House of that Name Philip called the Hardy Duke of Burgundy The Second House of Burgundy a Stock also of the Second Royal House of that Name and John Duke of Berry who left no Branch The Dutchy of Brittany had been disputed A Quarrel for the Dutchy of Brittany a long time between Charles of Blois who pretended to it by Jane his Wife Daughter of Guy Brother to Duke John the Third who died without Children and John Earl of Montford who boasted to have the most Right as he was the nearest Male. The Battle of Auray that Charles lost The Battle of Auray where he was killed upon the place decided the Difference in favour of John who entred into the full and quiet possession of the Dutchy and had the Surname of Conquerour and Victorious The French and the English had taken Parties in this long War the first for Charles near Kinsman to King Philip the Sixth and the second for John These two Nations were also concerned The Civil War in Castile in a Difference between Don Pedro called the Cruel and Don Henry his Bastard Brother about the Kingdom of Castile At last after various Successes on both sides the War was decided by a Battle where Don Pedro was defeated and killed by Don Henry So that this Henry being assisted by the French under the Command of the brave and famous Betrand of Guesclin Bertrand of Gueslin a Gentleman of Brittany remained King of Castile From Christ 1369. This great and fortunate Captain Bertrand had brought for this Expedition Troops of disbanded Soldiers who passing through the County forc'd Pope Urban Popes the Fifth to pay a Ransome Which made him resolve to return to Rome that he might not any more be exposed to the like Affronts but after he had made a Journey there he returned into France where he died From Christ 371. David Bruce King of the Scots dying Robert Stuart King of Scots without Children Robert Stuart is acknowledged King of the Scots in right of his Wife Sister to King David By the Council of St. Bridget of Swede and of St. Catherine of Sienna according to the Revelations they pretended from Heaven Gregory the Eleventh Successor to Urban the Fifth returned to Rome where The Pope returned to Rome after fourteen Months he died repenting to have believed those Revelations against the Light of his own Understanding From Christ 1377. The Cardinals compell'd by the Romans
Christ 1417. Of the three deposed Popes John and Gregory submitted to the Sentence of the Council Bennet persisted even 'till Death tho' he had but two Cardinals with him whom he commanded when he was dying to elect a Successor which they did naming a Chanoine of Barcellona who took the Name of Clement the Eighth But at length he deposed himself and was in exchange made Arch-Bishop of Majorca From Christ 1422. In France King Charles had before lost a The Battle â— Agincourt Battle near Agincourt in Piccardy Henry the Fifth who won it became very powerful in France the more because there hapned very great Troubles by a madness King Charles fell into upon the Death of his Brother Lewis Duke of Orleans whom his Cousin John Duke of Burgundy had caused to be Assassinated at Paris By the Death of the same John kill'd at Montereau in Brye by the Servants of Charles Dauphin in the presence of that Prince Lastly by the hatred of Queen Izabella of Bavaria against her Son the Dauphin which grew so violent that she joined in a Faction with Philip Duke of Burgundy whose Interests prevailed with the States General to deprive the Dauphin of his Right to the Succession of the Crown and to acknowledge for the Heir of King Charles Henry King of England his Son-in-Law who married Katharine his Daughter The famous Captain John Zisca a Bohemian John Zisca a famous Captain died after he had vindicated the Liberty and the Evangelick Religion of his Country-men against Wensâ—laus and Sigismond Kings of that Country o'er whom he gained many Battels even after he had lost both his Eyes in that War From Christ 1425. It was resolved in the Council of Constance that another should be held seven years after Pope Martin was averse to Popes it but about the end of his Papacy being importuned to call one he summoned it at Piâ—a But the Pope so ordered Affairs in that manner that this Council had no effect A little before his Death he appointed another at Basle and his The Council of Basle Successor Eugenius the Fourth sent his Legats to cause it to be opened From Christ 1431. After several years of great Confusion in France King Charles the Seventh re-establish'd himself by forcing out the English so that there remained in their Possession nothing but the City of Calais This great Revolution was begun and advanc'd by a certain young Wench called the Maid of Orleans who pretended The Maid of Orleans she was inspired from Heaven to employ her self to reinthrone King Charles The Emperor Sigismond being dead his Albert the second Emperor Son-in-Law Albert the Second succeeded him in the Empire and in the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia From Christ 1438. The Pope Eugenius fell out with the Council of Basle and signified to them That it should be removed to Ferrara In effect a Council was called there where The Council of Ferrara he was in Person with John Paleologus Emperor of Constantinople who had brought with him many Grecian Bishops then they went from thence to Florence where the Greeks made an Agreement with the Latins on many Articles of Belief in which till that time they had differed In the mean time the Council of Basle not at all fearing the Fulminations of Eugenius Aâ—â—hism proceeded legally against him deposed him and elected in his place Amideus Duke of Savoy under the Name of Foelix thâ— Fifth Antipope Foelix the Fifth This Prince had resigned his Dukedom to his Son Duke Lewis and was retired to the delitious Hermitage of Repaille on the Lake of Geneva At last Peace being made between the French and the English Lewis the Dauphin to discharge the Kingdom of the Soldiers who ruined it brought a great Army out of the Empire Four thousand A remarkable Action of the Switzers Switzers were so bold to oppose his Paslage they sold their Lives at a dear rate but they were all kill'd but one who being return'd to his Canton lost his Head as a base Deserter From Christ 1444. The young Ladislaus King of Hungary broke very rashly the Peace he had swore to the Turks It was believed that the Misfortune of the Battel of Varne was a The Battel of Varnâ— just punishment for the breaking his Oath He was there overcome and killed by Amurat the Second Sultan of the Turks Nicolaus the Fifth Successor to Eugenius the Fourth saw an end of the Schism by the free Resignation of Faelix who remained Cardinal and Legat of his own Country and the adjacent Places The Council of Basle having no more power broke up so that Nicolaus was acknowledged Pope without any Dispute From Christ 1449. Mahomet the Second of that Name Emperor Mahomet the Second takes Constantinople of the Turks took Constantinople from Constantin the Eleventh Paleologus the last Christian Emperor of that City It was taken by Assault and the Confusion was so very great that Constantin endeavouring to save himself was stifled at a Gate of the City by the multitude of flying People From Christ 1453. Alphonso Borgia a Spaniard under the Popes Name of Calixtus the Third succeeded Pope Nicholas the Fifth From Christ 1455. He acted nothing remarkable Pius the Second his Successor made himself more Eminent for his great Learning and extraordinary Zeal against the Turks His Name was Aeneas Silvius Picolomini a Citizen of Sienna From Christ 1458. Since Henry the Third King of England Affairs of England three Edwards had Reigned successively from Father to Son Edward the Third had Edward Prince of Wales who died before his Father leaving his Son Richard the Second who Reigned after the Death of his Grandfather Richard was Dethroned by Henry the Fourth Son of Henry Duke of Lancaster youngest Son to Edward the Third Lyonel Duke of Clarence being the next to Edward Prince of Wales Lyonel had a Daughter who was marryed to the Duke of York From Henry the Fourth came Henry the Fifth who had been received in France to succeed Charles the Sixth in right of his Wife Catharine The Quarrel between the House of York and Lancaster Daughter to Charles From that Marriage came Henry the Sixth who was Crowned being a Child King of France in the Church of St. Denis Not long after Edward the Fourth Duke of York descended from Lyonel Duke of Clarence second Son to Edward the Third dethroned and put to death Henry the Sixth and set up himself in his place From Christ 1460. Charles the Seventh King of France suffered himself to die of Hunger for fear of being poysoned having Conquered his Affairs of France Kingdom from the English He might have been called Fortunate if he had had another Father another Mother and another Son This Son was Lewis the Eleventh who succeeded his Father whom he had very ill treated From Christ 1461. After the Death of Tamberlain who had conquered the
Wound being return'd to his Government of the HB Death Low Countries he soon after died From Christ 1592. King Henry the Fourth having made Profession of the Roman Catholick Religion was received into Paris and in like manner Henry IV. a Roman Catholick was acknowledg'd by all the Kingdom From Christ 1593. John Chastel a Scholar of the Jesuites John Chastel wounded K. Henry The Jesuits banish'd The Pope absolves the King of France wounded the King in the Mouth whereupon the Jesuites were banish'd France From Christ 1594. The King received Absolution of the Pope and so was acknowledg'd for King by all the Princes and States of Christendom From Christ 1595. He declared a War against Spain which A War between France Spain proved very unfortunate to France The Spaniards surprized Calais Cambray and Amiens King Henry re-took the last Cambray remained in the Hands of the Spaniards Calais was restored by the Peace which The Edict of Nants was treated and concluded at Vervins by the Ministers of the two Kings and the Pope's Legates From Christ 1598. The King made an Edict called that of Nants because he signed it in that City The Edict of Nants to revive the Union between his Subjects that were divided by their diversity of Religions King Philip the Second died of the lowsie Kings of Spain Disease He had put to Death his Son Don Carlos upon Suspicion that he favoured the poor Protestants of the Low Countries who had thrown off their Allegiance to King Philip because he designed to introduce the Inquisition Nor were they any longer able to endure the barbarous Cruelties of the Duke D' Alva Philip the Third succeeded his Father From Christ 1600. THE Seventeenth Age. HENRY the Fourth King of France The Marriage of Henry with Maria de Medices being Divorc'd from Margaret Sister to the three last Kings marryed Mary de Medices Neice to the great Duke of Tuscany In the first year of this Age she was brought to bed of a Dauphin who was since called Lewis the Thirteenth From Christ 1601. King Henry and the Duke of Savoy were The Affairs of France and Savoy entered into a War for the Marquisate of Saluces A Peace was made upon conditions with an exchange of Bresse and some other Lands given up to the King for the Marquisate The Mareschal Duke of Biron convicted The Death of Byron of Treason was beheaded From Christ 1602. Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy attempted to take Geneva by scaling of it The scaling of Geneva which Design concluded to his Disgrace Elizabeth Queen of England being dead in the Seventy one year of her Age The Death of Queen Elizabeth having Reigned forty five Years most couragiously asserted the Protestant Religion which her Brother Edward the Sixth had reformed She was as highly qualified for War as for Peace She deserved the favour of Fortune by her great Care and wise Conduct in Governing The English received for their King James K. of England James the Sixth King of Scotland the first King of that Name in England From Christ 1603. The Arch-Duke Albert and Clara Eugenia Ostend taken at length took Ostend after more than three years Siege Paul the Fifth of the Borghese Family Popes succeeded Clement the Eighth From Christ 1605. At London was discovered the Powder The Gunpowder Treason at London A Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians Plot to blow up King James and his Parliament From Christ 1606. The Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians was chiefly made up by the Mediation of King Henry A Truce for many years between the Arch-Dukes and the United Provinces of A peace with States of Holland the Low Countries From Christ 1609. King Henry the Fourth preparing to make a great War was killed by Ravaillac The Death of Henry IV. Lewis the Thirteenth his Son about the Age of nine or ten years succeeded him under the Regency of his Mother Lewis the Thirteenth King Maria de Medices From Christ 1610. Count Maurice assisted by the French in Count Maurice took Juliers July Besieged the City of Juliers and in September following took it by Surrender Philip the Third King of Spain made Philip King of Spain takes Alrach himself Master of Alrach a strong Castle built by the Moors upon the streight of Gibralter He commanded all the Moors to depart Spain within three days under pain of Death having confiscated all their Estates but what Money and Goods they could carry along with them And that year Nine hundred thousand was expelled and in the following years not a few Certain Ministers in Holland offered to Remonstrant Ministers and contra Remonstrants the States a Remonstrance wherein they declared their opinion concerning Predestination for which reason they were called Remonstrants and their Opposites contra Remonstrants The Muscovite endeavouring to raise The Muscovite beaten by the Poâ—es The Muscovites burn Vilna the Siege of Smolensko is beaten by the Polanders The Muscovites in revenge burn Vilna where 4700 Houses were laid in Ashes The Sophy of Persia having defeated the Turks near Babylon sends an Ambassador to The Sophy of Persia makes a League with the Emperor The Arch-Duke of Austria made King of Bohemia the Emperor Rudolphus and confirms a League between them Mathias Arch-Duke of Austria and King of Hungary was made King of Bohemia A Conference between six Remonstrants at the Hague before the States General yet they could not agree about the Points in Controversy The King of Denmark declares War against Suâ—den Besieges Câ—lmar on the 2d of May and takes it on the 29th putting The King of Denmark declares War against the Swâ—de all to the Sword but those who escap'd into the Castle Smolensko was taken by the Poles two years after the Muscovites not only recovered that place but several other Cities of Lithuania Prince Henry created Prince of Wales Prince Henry created prince of Wales From Christ 1610. Christiem Elector of Saxony died of an Apoplexy and his Brother John George succeeded him The Elector of Saxony's death The King of Sweden's death Charles King of Sweden sinks under the loss of Colmar and died his Son Gustavus succeeded him From Christ 1611. Mathias King of Hungary and Bohemia Mathias married to Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria marryed with Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria Margaret Queen of Spain Wife to Philip the Third died in the 27th year of her Age. The Queen of Spains death Frederic the Fifth Count Palatine of the Rhyne married with Elizabeth Daughter to James the First King of England Frederic the Fifth married with the princess Elizabeth John George the Son of John George Duke of Saxony was born Rudolphus the Emperor having Reigned almost 35 years and having lived 59 The Emperor Rodolphus death Mathias King of Hungary Emperor died after whose death Mathias King of
refused to stand to the judgment of that Synod And thence arose a new Schism among the Protestants A dreadful Comet began to appear the A dreadful Comet Tail of which was above sixty four degrees in length Queen Ann of England died From Christ Queen Ann died 1618. The City of Pleurs in Rhaetia ruined by the fall of a Mountain tumbling upon it when 1500 people were buryed in the Ruines The Destruction of the Spanish Army The Spanish Army destroyâ—d by the Venetians sent against the Venetians Tumults in Bohemia by reason that some of the Evangelick Nobility were offended that their Grievances were slighted by the Emperor's Counsellors upon An Insurrection in Bohemia which they entered the Council Chamber and threw three of the Counsellors out of a Window thirty yards high into the Castle-Yard by which fall however none of them got any harm At Venice was discovered a Conspiracy of certain Ruffians who proposed to themselves A Conspiracy at Venice discovered to break into the Senate-House kill the Senators burn the Arsenal throw down the Bridges and to lay waste the whole City but most of them were taken and all who did not make their escapes were punish'd according to their Deserts In this year died Cardinal Peronne The Death of Cardinal Peronne A great Fight between the Turks and the Persians where the Turks lost Fourty thousand Men and the Persians Nine thousand But tho' the Persians got the Victory A Fight between the Turks and the persians yet having lost so many Men they offered the Turks Peace with an Anual Tribute of Silk which the Turks willingly accepted From Christ 1618. John Barenevelt condemned to death Barnevelt ' s death by the States General under pretence that he had disturbed the Peace and Order of the Republick but on the Scaffold he publickly protested that he died for defending the Liberty of his Country Hogerbet and Grotius were condemned to perpetual imprisonment but Grotius made his Escape about a year after and fled to Paris where he printed his Apology for those who presided over Holland in the year 1618. a Work very worthy to be read In March Mathias the Emperor died The Emperor Mathias ' s death in whose room sometime after was elected Ferdinand the Second his Son King of Bohemia Sir Walter Rawleigh Beheaded The Administrators of the Kingdom of Bohemia upon the Abdication of Ferdinand Frederic Elector Palatine Crowned at prague made choice of Frederic the Elector Palatin for their King who was Crowned at Prague A new Order of Knighthood instituted at Vienna by certain Catholick Princes as A new Order of Knighthood the Duke of Nevers Prince Radzeville the Duke of Saxon Lawenburgh and others who took an Oath to prosecute all Infidels and to defend the Catholick Religion having for their Badges a Cross with the Effigies of the Holy Virgin which they wore on their Cloaks Bucquoy having utterly defeated Mansfeild did over-run Bohemia Prince Charles of Spain Crowned King The prince of Spain King of portugal of Portugal The Prince of Conde released from his The Prince of Conde released Imprisonment returned to Paris and was congratulated by the Peers and Princes of Franee Ann Queen of England died From Queen Anns Death ARebellion against the Emperor Christ 1619. The Bohemians Austrians and Hungarians rebel against the Emperor A great Battle fought between the Imperialists and Frederic the Palatins Army The palatin's Army beaten by the Imperialists where the Impeâ—â—lists proved Victors Frederic fled and the next year took Refuge in Holland where he spent the remainder of his days with his Queen and Children so Bohemia with the adjoining Provinces returned to the Obedience of the Emperor Spinola with a numerous Army entered Spinola entered the Palatinate the Palatinate and in a short time took many Towns The Civil War against the Protestants The Civil War in France began in France The Inhabitants of Bearn refusing to obey the King's Edict by which they were commanded to quit all Ecclesiastical Livings and to restore them to the Popish Bishops for the King going thither constrained them to yield Obedience and gave the Cities which the Protestants held to be kept by the Catholicks The Polanders with an Army of Ninety The Polanders beaten by the Turks thousand Men invading Walachia were all cut off by the Turks except a few who made their escape and the great Chancellor of the Crowns Head was carried to Constantinople Sigismund the Third King of Poland The King of Poland wounded wounded by a Ruffian who being taken was torn with Horses his Members burnt and his Ashes thrown into the Air. Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden married Gustavus marriage with the Daughter of Brandenburgh with Mary Elenora the Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburgh From Christ 1620. Frederic the Elector Palatine was proscribed by the Emperor A West-India Company first erected by A West-India Company erected by the States of Holland the United Provinces to which the States granted the same Priviledges as to the East-India Society A General Assembly of the Protestants from all parts of France held at Rochel The Hugonots rebel and are beaten by the King of France where they resolved to take up Arms in their own Defence against the Religion which their Enemies profess'd Whereupon the King undertook an Expedition against them At which time Mornay du Plessis delivered up Saumurs to him of his own accord Afterwards the King besieged the City of St. Angelo and forc'd it to a Surrender and then took above sixty other Towns in Xantoign and Gascony part by force part by fear but he could not get Montauban which he besieged in Autumne where the Duke of Mayenne was killed by a Musket-Shot in the Head which News coming to Paris the Rabble Charenton burnt incensed with Fury ran to Charenton and sâ—t the Protestant Church on fire which was reduced to Ashes Gustavus King of Sweden took Riga King of Sweden takes Riga the Metropolis of Livonia The Truce for twelve years between Philip of Spain and the States General being expired the Arch-Duke Albert desired earnestly to have it expired but the States absolutely refused it Paul the Fifth departed this Life in the Sixty ninth year of his Age and Gregory Popes the Fifteenth was chosen in his place Philip the Third departed this Life in The Death of Philip the Third the Forty third year of his Age his Son Philip the Fourth succeeded him Albert Arch-Duke of Austria Governour The Death of the Arch-Duke of Austria of the Low-Countries died in July and in September following died Cardinal Bellarmine From Christ 1621. The Death of Cardinal Bellarmin Heydelbergh for some time besieged by Tilly the Imperial General was at length by him taken by Storm and given up to the plunder of the Soldiers who exercised Heydelbergh taken by
King of France closely besieged Rochelleâ— The King of France besieged Rechel and stopt up the Arbour and made a great Mount of vast Stones in the Sea to hinder Relief from coming to the City Frederic Henry Prince of Orange General for the Hollanders compelled Groll to surrender The prince of Orange takes Groll The Imperialists pursuing the Danish Army possest themselves of the greatest part of Holsatia and Jutland From Christ 1626. Rochelle prest by Famine was compell'd Rochelle surrendred to the French to surrender to the King of France after above 12 thousand Men had been starv'd to death all the Walls and places of Defence being demolisht The King of Sweden granted free Liberty The K. of Sweden admits the protestants Liberty to the German Exiles who fled for Religion or were compell'd from their Calamities of War to live with all Security and the free Exercise of their Religion in his Kingdom The Death of Sir Francis Bacon Sir Francis Bacon Viscount of St. Albans died The King of Denmark possest himself of the Island of Usdom the Fortress of Phinmund and Wolgast but was beaten out again by the Imperialists under the Duke of Fredland The Cham of Tartary being expelled his The Cham of Tartary recovered his Kingdom Kindom by his Brother assisted by the Turks to revenge his loss by the help of the Cossaks defeated his Brother in Battle and recover'd his Kingdom The Admiral of the Dutch Fleet met with The Dutch Admiral took the Spanish West India Fleet. Prince of Orange takes Boisleduc the Spanish West India Fleet and took it to the value of three hundred Tuns of Gold From Christ 1628. The Prince of Orange having taken before Boisleduc at the beginning of May took it by surrender in September following A Peace concluded at Lubeck between A Peace between the Emperor and the Danes the Emperor and the King of Denmark upon equal Conditions The Duke of Buckingham basely murdered by Felton a discontented Officer The Duke of Buckingham kill'd Rochelle surrendered and called Borgo Maria. The King of Sweden relieved Stralsond Rochelle surrendred disengaged himself from his Polish troubles made sure of the Daae and prepared for a War with the Emperor From Christ 1629. Gustuvus Adolphus enter'd Pomerania Gustavus took Stetin made himself Master of Stetin and several other Places and fill'd all Germany with the terrour of his Arms. The Duke of Savoy deny'd the French to The Duke of Savoy denied the French passage thro his territory Magdeburg taken by Tilly. pass thro his Country upon which Cardinal Richelieu made himself Master of Pignerol and of the Marquisate of Salucâ—s A Peace concluded with France Magdeburg stormed by Tilly the Imperial General plunder'd and burnt so that of so great a City very few Houses were left standing entire Gustavus Adolphus having made a League Gustavus his great Success in Germany with the Elector of Saxony in September vanquisht the Imperialists in a great Battle From that time all things succeeded with him to his desire so that he made himself Master of several Cities and Provinces of the German Empire King Charles the First his second Son Charles the Second born born at whose Birth a Remarkable Star appear'd at Noon-day From Christ 1630. The King of England made a Peace with England made a peace with Spain Troubles in France Spain which was proclaim'd The Court of France in great confusion while the Queen Mother went about to shut up the King her Eldest Son in a Monastery and to set up her Youngest Son in his Room for which the King having his Liberty the Queen made her escape to Antwerp and the Duke of Orleans flies into Burgundy and Lorain throwing all the Blame upon Richelieu The Princess Mary born eldest Daughter The Princess Mary born to King Charles the First The famous School at Amsterdam erected in which the first Professors were John Vossius and Jasper Barlaeus Maestrick after a Siege of two months Maestrick taken by the prince of Orange and two weeks surrendred to the Prince of Orange A great Battel at Lutzen was fought between the Swedes and the Imperialists Battel of Lutzen where Gustavus was killed where the Swedes got the Victory but the King Gustavus was there killed To whom Christina his Daughter an Infant succeeded In the mean time during her Minority Christina his Daughter succeeded the Nobles of the Kingdom took upon them the Administration of Affairs Sigismund the Third King of Poland Death of the K. of Poland died to whom succeeded his eldest Son Uladislaus the Fourth The King of France made himself Master of Nancy the Metropolis of Lorrain From Christ 1632. Death of the Governess of the Low Countries Izabella Clara Eugenia Daughter to Philip the Third King of Spain and Governess of the Low Countries departed this Life Frederic the Elector Palatin who reigned Death of the Elector Palatin K. Charles I. crowned in Scotland James D. of York born but a short time King of Bohemia died at Mayence King Charles the First crowned in Scotland The Third Son of King Charles the First born Octebâ—r the Thirteenth and baptized James afterwards created Duke The Dispute began of England's Right to the Soveraignty of the British Seas and defended by the learned Selden against Hugo Grotius The Prince of Orange besieged and took 〈◊〉 of Orange took Rhynebergh Rhynebergh From Christ 1633. Wallestin Duke of Fridland and General of the Imperial Army stabb'd at Egra by the Emperor's command being discovered to have a Design to join with the Wallestein killed at Egra Swedes and to have made himself Master of the Kingdom of Bohemia Ferdinand the Cardinal Brother to the Ferdinand Governour of the Netherlands King of Spain took upon him the Government of the Low Countries The Cardinal Infanta joins with the King of Hungary and fights the Battel of Swedes beaten by Cardinal Infanta of Norlinghen where the Swedes were utterly defeated From Christ 1634. The King of France declared War against the King of Spain because he detained The Frâ—nch declared War agst Spain in Prison the Elector of Treves whom he had taken into his Protection The Fortress of Skinken Skonce which Skinken Skonce taken by the Spaniards retaken by the P. of Orange is as it were the Key of Holland taken by the Spaniards but in a little time after besieged by the Prince of Orange was took about the beginning of the following Spring This year and the next a dreadful Pestilence raged in Holland and in the Neighbouring The plague in Holland places which swept away a world of people The Imperialists with Eighty thousand The Imperialists invade France Men under the Duke of Lorrain and other Imperial Commanders threaten to invade France and to encamp about Masieres and Rambervillers but being opposed by the French in conjunction
and streams of Sulphur Henrietta Maria Queen Mother of England The death of the Queen Mother of England and Daughter to Henry the IV. died at Columbe near Paris Alphonso the Deposed King of Portugal was convey'd to the Island Tercera In Poland Michael Wisnowisky an Illustrious Winowisky 〈…〉 King of Poland Prince of the Kingdom was chosen King The Prince of Tuscany came to London The Prince of Tuscany arrived at London The prince of Denmark came to England The Duke of Albemarle ' s death visited Oxford and Cambridge and departed for Holland Prince George arrived in England The Duke of Albemarle died The Counts of Serini Nadast Frangipany and others were accused for conspiring against the Emperor for which they were imprisoned and beheaded The Duke of Crequi by the King of Three German Counts beheaded The French took Lorrain France his Command no War having been proclaim'd took the Dutchy of Lorain and reduced it to a French Province The pretence was that the Duke of Lorain contrary to the Pyrenean Articles had bred up Souldiers The Triple League between the King of The death of the Dutchess of Orleans England Sweden and Holland concluded in the year 1668. this year broken by the King of England About which time the Dutchess of Orleans struck up the Dover Treaty with France and a little while after she died at St. Clou in France Frederick the Third King of Denmark The death of the K. of Denmark departed this Life to whom succeeded Christian the Fifth In Russia the notorious Rebel Stephen Razin occasioned great Troubles and took the City of Astracan Popes In Italy Cardinal Aâ—nilio Altieri was made Pope and assumed the Name of Clement the Tenth The Duke of Florence died leaving his The death of the Duke of Florence Son Cozmo to succeed him who had travelled thro' many Countries in Europe The Prince of Orange arrived at White-Hall Tâ—â—â— of Orange arrived at London From Christ 1670. Charles the Second King of England sent the Order of the Garter to John George the Second Elector of Saxony Ann Dutchess of York died and was The death of the Dutchess of York interred in Henry the Seventh's Chappel Collonel Blood in the habit of a Parson made an attempt to carry away the Crown out of the Tower of London Sir Robert Holmes the English Admiral fell upon the Dutch Smirna Fleet. The Pope acknowledged the King of Portugal a free Prince and honoured him with a Nuntio From Christ 1671. The King of England declared War against Holland A terrible Engagement between the English and Dutch Fleets at Southwold-Bay where the English being surprized by De Ruyter after a sharp Dispute the Dutch Fleet gave way and retreated where was unfortunately lost the Earl of Sandwich Vice-Admiral of England The King of France invaded Holland and in the space of one Month took three Provinces Amsterdam being in very great danger Two Brothers Ruart van Putten and The death of De Wit and his Brother Pensionary De Witt killed by the multitude The Prince of Orange restored to the Dignities of his Ancestors was declared The prince of Orange made Capt. General of the States Armies Captain General of the States Armies The King of England stop'd all Payments of Money out of his Exchequer John Cazimir King of Poland having The Exchequer shut up The death of Cazimir K. of P lanâ— left his Kingdom lived a retired life in France where he died Charles Duke of Richmond died at Elsynore in Denmark where he was his Majesty's extraordinary Ambassador From Christ 1672. The death 〈◊〉 â— of 〈…〉 mond The Emperor made a League with the Spaniard Hollander and other Princes against the King of France and sent away The Emperor â— clared War against France Mastrick taken by the French The death of the K. of Poland the French Ambassador from Vienna The King of France took Mastriek and after that subdued ten Cities in Alsatia King Michael died in Poland but the next day the Poles under the Conduct of John Sobiesky gave the Turks a great overthrow who by that Victory gained so much the favour of the Polish Nobility that they chose him King the year ensuing The Spaniards declared War against the French and the French against the Spaniards The King of France finding so many Enemies confederated against him did quit his Conquests in Holland A first second and third Engagement between the Dutch and the English Fleets under the command of Prince Rupert In the last of which Sir Edward Spragg was lost in the second the English forced the Dutch to shelter themselves among their Flatts and Shoals The Dutchess of Modena arrived in England and was married to the Duke of York A Peace concluded between the King A peace between England and Holland of England and the States General From Christ 1670. The French Ambassador commanded to depart Ratisbone because the French were declared publick Enemies of the Empire The Battel of Sensheim in the lower Palatinate Tâ—â— Battle of Sensheim between the Saxons joined with the Imperialists against the French where Mareschal Turenne got the better of them The Battel of Seneff where the Prince The Battel of Seneffe of Orange remained Master of the Field Messina in Sicily revolted from the Spaniards Messina submitted to France and submitted to the K. of France who sent the Count de Vivonne for their The Danes made a League with the Spaniard and Hollander Governour The King of Denmark made a League with the Emperor the Spaniard and the Hollander while the Swedes inclined to the French and by the instigation of the French Ambassador fell into Brandenburgh which enforced the Elector to observe the Sobietsky King of Poland Peace made with France John Sobyetzsky elected K. of Poland with great applause of the Nobility and People King Charles having been pleased to accept The Freedom of London presented to K. Charles of the Freedom of the City of London the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen humbly presented his Majesty with the Copy of the Freedom in a Box of Massy Gold set with Diamonds From Christ 1674. The death of Mareschal Turenne Mareschal Tarenne killed by a Canon-shot and the French forced to retire out of Alsatia The Duke of Crequy defeated by the Confederates under the command of the Duke of Zell did fly to Treves and defended Treves taken the Town for a short time but at length the City was taken by the Victors and the D. of Crequy made a Prisoner Nimmegen appointed the place of Treaty Nimmegen the place of Treaty for a Peace between the Potentates at variance where Charles II. King of England interposed as Mediator From Christ 1675. A Marriage solemnized at St. James's The prince of Orange married to Lady Mary between the P. of Orange and the Lady Mary Stetin in Pomerania after a
long Siege surrendred upon honourabe terms to the Elector of Brandenburgh Stetin taken by the Elector of Brandenburgh Gâ—â—nt sarrâ—ndred to the French The City of Ghent surrendred to the King of France Phillipsburgh besieged by the Imperialists was taken by composition Admiral De Ruyter engaging with thâ— French in the Mediterranean received his deaths Wound and died in the Bed of Honour The denth of Admiral de Ruyter in the seventy year of his Age. The Danes in conjunction with the Hollanders did beat the Swedish Fleet consisting of 40 Men of War and then landing in Schonen took several Towns from the Swedes But in the midst of their Victories near Helmstade were defeated by the Swedes with a great loss And after that they lost a second Battel to the Swedes near the City of Lunden where after a bloody Fight above 9000 Men were killed on both sides A Battel between the Prince of Orange Cambray and St. Omers taken by the French and the Duke of Orleans at Mount Cassel After which Cambray and St. Omers were taken by the French Cardinal Benedict Odescalchi was chose Pope in the room of Clement X. who died Popes in the 87th year of his Age. He assumed the name of Innocent XI And it was said that Donna Olimpia a cunning Woman and powerful in the Court of Rome prepared the way for him to that Dignity From Christ 1676. The Swedes did again defeat the Danes in a terrible Conflict near Landscroone On the other side the Danes overcame the Swedes in a Sea-Fight and took several of their Men of War A Peace concluded at Nâ—meghen between Luxemburgh quitted the Siege of Mons. the French and the Dutch The Prince of Orange forced the Duke of Luxemburgh to quit the Siege of Mons. Dr. Oats made the first discovery of the Popish Plot upon which Sir Edmundsbury The death of St. Edmundsbury Godfrey Coleman hang'd Messina submitted to the Spaniard The peace between France Spain Godfrey was murthered and one Coleman who called himself the Duke of York's Secretary was executed at Tyburne as were afterwards several others Messina in Sicily wearyed with the French Government submitted it self to the Spanish Monarchy From Christ 1678. The Peace between France and Spain concluded at Nimeghen proclaimed in both Kingdoms A most grievous Persecution of the Hugonet's in France The King of Spain married the Daughter The K. of Spain married the D. of Orleans Daughter of the Duke of Orleans which displeased the Emperor A great disorder in England by reason of several Persons who did second Dr. Oats in the further discovery of the Popish The D. of York sent into Flanders and after into Scotland Plot while the lower House of Parliament used all their endeavours to disinherit the Duke of York for being a Papist Upon which the Duke was sent out of the way first into Flanders then into Scotland From Christ 1679. The Elector Palatin built a new Church at Fredericksberg which was dedicated to Concord and consecrated by a Lutheran Doctor with whom were joined a Roman Catholick Priest and a Calvinist Minister The King of France by sundry Acts of Hostility committed in Alsatia the Palatinate and in the Bishoprick of Treves disturbed the Peace concluded but the year before The Duke of Mantua sold the strong Casal â—old to the French Lord Stafford beheaded Town of Casal to the French The Lord Stafford being found guilty of High Treason by his Peers was Beheaded upon Tower-Hill Charles Count Palatine of the Rhyne and Prince Elector was created Knight of the Garter and installed at Windsor The Parliament sate at Oxford but was on a sudden dissolved The death of Don John of Austria Don John of Austria departed this life From Christ 1680. A Diet held at Francfort on the Mayne where the Articles of the Treaty at Nimegen in Controversy were argued with the King of France who made slight of that Treaty and had offered several Injuries to the Princes bordering upon the Rhyne for contrary to his Faith given he seized Strasburgh took by the French on Strasburgh and caused the Cathedral to be consecrated a-new by the Bishop of Furstemberg for the use of the Roman Catholicks The Hugonots by reason of their being The Hugonots came 〈◊〉 England so cruelly persecuted did fly out of France into England and Holland The Hungarians were promis'd their freedom with the restitution of their Liberties by the Emperor But the free Exercise of their Religion being denied them by the persuasions of the Jesuites those promises came to nothing The Pope was angry with the King of France for assuming the Collation of Ecclesiastical Benefices upon which the Gallican Clergy being assembled gave their Opinions for the King A Peace between the Emperor of Morocco A peace between the Emperor of Morocco and the King of England and the King of England for four years An Ambassador from Muscovy arrived in England And in the same year also came another Embassy from the King of Fâ—z and Morocco and a Peace was concluded with the Mâ—â—rs The death of Thomas Thynne 〈◊〉 Count Conningsmark caused Thomas Thynn Esq to be basely murthered Conningsmark was acquitted but his Accomplices were Hang'd From Christ 1681. In the Diet of Francfort the Affair of the Reunions unjustly challeng'd by the King of France began to be disputed with the French Ambassadors but because the French Ambassadors refused to treat with the Germans in the Latin Tongue according to custom but persisted to give in their Memorials in the French Language the Diet broke up reinfecta The King of Denmark Elector of Brandenburg and the Bishops of Cologne and Munster enâ—er into a mutual League which many interpreted to be done in favour of the King of France The King of France ordered the Walls of the City King of France took the City of Orange The Gallican Decree against the Pope of Orange to be pull'd down and took the Principality from the lawful possessor the Prince of Orange The Galâ—â—an Clergy assembl'd at Paris decree in opposition to the Court of Rome that the Pope had no power to absolve Subjects from their Oath of Fidelity to their Sovereign that a universal Council was above the Pope that the Popes Authority was limited by the Canons of the Church and that the Pope was not infallible The Great Duke of Muscovy being removed by The Death of the great Duke of Muscovy Count Teckley submitted to the Turks Four Bantam Ambassadors poyson after many Tumults and Slaughters his two Sons agreed to divide the Empire between â—em Count Teckly did put himself under the protection of the Turks and possessed himself of Cassâ—via 〈◊〉 and the Fort of Villeck Four Bantam Ambassadors arrived at London and two of them Knighted by King Charles The Morocco Ambassador entertain'd at Oxford Prince Rupert Prince Palatine of the Rhine died of a Fever and Plurify in the sixty third year of his Age. From Christ 1682. 〈◊〉 besieged by the Tâ—rks and the Siege raised The death of prince Rupert Vienna besieâ—ed by the Turks by the King of Poland in conjunction with the Duke of Lorrain At the same time the King of Poland and the Duke of Lorrain pursued the flying â—nemy and defeated them on a bloody Battel near Baâ—can after which follow'd the surrender of Graâ— Because the Spaniaâ—d rejected the Demandâ— of the French the King of France fell upon Oudenard and Oudenard and Dixmude took by the French P. George of Denmark married to the Lady Ann. Dixmude and took them Prince George of Denmark arrived at Whitehall and was marryed to the Lady Ann the younger Daughter of the Duke of York Judgment given against the ancient Charter of the City of London in the King's Bench Court From Christ 1683. The Emperor King of Poland and the Republic of Venice enter into a League against the Turks A Truce for twenty years between the Emperor the States of the Empire and the King of France consented to by the Emperor provided it should be no way prejudicial to the Treaties of Westphalia and Nimeghen A Truce also concluded for the same Term between the States General and the French King contrary to the Advice of the Spaniard Swede and others The French Bomb the flourishing City of Genoa The French Bomb Genoa The Tyde ran strong against all that had stood up for the ancient Liberties of England and all the Corporations Cities and Towns in the Kingdom were forced to surrender their Charters and accept of new ones from the Court. The death of King Charles II. Charles II. died at Whitehall as it was said of an Apoplexy and the same day James Duke of York was proclaimed King in his room FINIS
long time like a Monk he had brought over with him Paula and his Daughter Eustochia the best qualified Ladies in Rome After he had made a great Friendship with Ruffinus a Priest of Aquilia he broke it off Ruffinus with him when he found him to be an Origenist He writ most severely against Vigilantius Vigilantius a Spanish Priest who was an Enemy to the unmarried Clergy he also vigorously oppos'd the Errors of Helvidius who Helvidius denied the Honour due to the Holy Virgin Mother of our Saviour At this time flourrish'd Paulus Orosius Paulus Orosius Author of the Seven Books of the Universal History from the Creation of the World to his time The Emperor Honorius The Death of Honorius died of a Dropsie Aged Thirty Nine Years having Reign'd Twenty Eight Some time before his death he conferred the Title of Emperor Augustus on Constance his Brother-in-law who marry'd Placidia Widow to Astolfus King of the Goths Constance died not long after he was Marry'd leaving Valentinian his Son under the Tuition of his Mother Placidia she and her Son lived at Constantinople when Honorius died so Italy being destitute of the Royal Presence of the Princes John the Tyrant John a Prefect of the Praetorian Bands took upon him the Title of Emperor Placidia having heard of it marches with her Son to Fight the Tyrant who was taken by surprize at Ravenna by the means of some Officers faithful to the Princes He was brought Prisoner to them at Aquilia when they there were and where the Rebel had his Head cut off His Death so the Empire was divided between the Theodosius the 2d and Valentinian the 3d. Emperors Bishops of Rome two Cousins Theodosius the Second and Valentinian the Third The first keeping his Court at Constantinople and the other at Rome From Christ 423. Boniface Bishop of Rome and Successor to Innocent died in the same Year as Honorius the Emperor Count Boniface Governour of Africk incensed on a false Accusation that Placidia Regent of the Western Empire design'd to put him out of his Government called Tâ—â— Vandalls in Africk Genseric their King The Death of St. Augustin the Vandals out of Spain into Africk of which they easily took Possession under the Conduct of Genseric their King St. Augustin Bishop of Hippo in the same Province of Africk died a little before the taking of that City by the Vandalls This Great Father of the Church opposed the Errors of the Manichees though he had been infected with them in his Youth he boldly Combated against the Errors of Pelagius thâ— Heritick The Council of Carthage and of Mileva Pelagius who at that time declared himself an Enemy to our Saviour Christ They were Condemned in two Councils held at Carthage and at Mileva at the same time Pelagius had two Disciples Celestius and Julien Celestius was wholly of the Opinion of his Master Julien was not altogether of that Opinion but acknowledged a necessity of the Grace of Jesus Christ for the Conversion and intire accomplishment of Salvation he affirmed that the Beginnings and Inclinations depended on the will of Man John Cassian a Monk who had been a John Cassian Disciple of St. John Chrisostome being retired to Marseilles infected the Priests and Monks of that City and all thereabouts with this Error of Semipelagianism Prosperus of Aquitaine opposed it most Prosperus of Aquitaine Vigorously in Gaule as his Master St. Augustin had done in Africk At this time flourish'd in Gaule Severus Sulpitius Author of the two Books of the Learned Men. Sacred History And in the East Theodoret Bishop of Cir who Writ the Ecclesiastical History from Constantine to Theodosius the Younger Genseric King of the Vandals took Carthage Carthage taken and made it the Metropolis of the Kingdom he Establish'd in Africk In the same Year Theodosius assembled a The Council of Ephesus against Nestorius Council at Ephesus to enquire into the Opinion of Nestorius Bishop of Constantinople who asserted two Persons in Jesus Christ This Error was condemned there Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria by the Council in which presided Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria John Bishop of Alexandria in Thrace pretending that that precedency belonged to him because that Ephesus depended on his Metropolis and had drawn away several Bishops to its Faction among others Theodoret Bishop of Cir with whom he had Assembled another Council in the same City of Ephesus not to countenance the Errors of Nestorius but to demonstrate that they had mistaken the Forms of Proceeding In the mean time Affairs were embroiled to that Degree that the Emperor not being able at first to discover the Truth imprisoned Cyrillus and Nestorius but at last being better informed of the justice of the Cause he set Cyrillus at Liberty and sent Nestorius The Death of Nestorius to utter Banishment where he died Miserably From Christ 432. Caelestin Bishop of Rome died the Year Bishops of Rome after that Council was held He had there his Legats who Subscribed to the Condemnation of Nestorius who had been already Condemned at Rome in a Council which had been there Assembled by the same Caelestin Sixtus the Third his Successor held the See Eight Years during which time all was very quiet in the Church From Christ 440. But the Church was again disturbed in Eutychus the Heritick the East by Eutychus a Priest and Abbot of the Monks of Constantinople who by an Error contrary to that of Nestorius asserted but one Nature in Jesus Christ he found so many Adherents among the A false Câ—uncil at Ephesus Eastern Bishops that a great number of them being Assembled at Ephesus his Error was approved of in that false Council where things were carried with that Violence that Flavian who had been made Flavian Bishop of Constantinople Bishop of Constantinople in the place of Nestorius for having oppos'd the Judgment of the Council that favoured Eutychus suffer'd Martyrdom not by the hands of the Pagans but by those of Barsumas an Abbot and of Dioscorus Bishop of Alandria and President of the Assembly From Christ 449. These great Troubles were redrest at Pulcheria Sister to Theodosius the return of Pulcheria to the Court of her Brother Theodosius There had been formerly some Disgust between her and her Sister-in-law Eudosia Eudosia his Wife which had obliged that Empress to retire to Jerusalem where she had wholly Devoted her self to Piety and Charity towards the Poor From that time the Eunuch Chrisapius Chrisapius was become so great a Favorite to Theodosius that Pulcheria making that Minister jealous of her was removed but the pressing necessity of Affairs obliged Theodosius to recall her she made her Brother highly sensible of the ill Conduct his Favorite used in Governing the Empire and of his most inveterate Malice to foment the Troubles of the Church so the Eunuch having been punish'd
to chuse an Italian Pope elected the Arch-Bishop of Paris under the Name of Urban the Sixth but the Cardinals being at liberty retired to Fundi in the Kingdom of Naples where they made a Second Election of a Cardinal of Geneva under the Name of Clement the Seventh so that Urban residing at Rome and Clement at A Schism Avignion Christendom was divided between the two Popes France Castile Scotland and Naples acknowledged Clement The rest of Italy with England declared for Urban The States of the Kingdom of Arragon remained Neuters From Christ 1379. The Emperor Charles the Fourth died The Death of Charles the Fourth Emperor He had been Crowned at Rome by the Legates of that Pope who then resided at Avignion But this Ceremony was performed with that Disgrace that they obliged him to leave Rome the same Day he was Crowned which he did However he was to be praised for making the Golden The Golden Bull. Wencelaus Emperor Bull in which was regulated all that relates to the Election of an Emperor He had for his Successor his Son Wencelaus King of Bohemia Charles the Fifth King of France died Kings of France and his eldest Son Charles the Sixth succeeded him From Christ 1380. While the Tartars and the Turks disputed A Sophy King of Persia for the Kingdom of Persia a certain Sophy declaring he was descended from Haly Son-in-Law to Mahomet made himself Master of it whose Posterity Reigns there to this time The Flemins revolting against their Count of Flanders the young King Charles took his part and defeated the Rebels at The Battle of Roesbeck Roesbeck in Flanders where Philip of Arteville their chief Commander was killed From Christ 1382. John Paleologus had been deposed from Emperors of Constantinople the Empire of Constantinople by his Son Andronicus but was a while after re-invested After whose Death Manuel his Second Son succeeded him The Turks were grown very considerable since the beginning of this Age being so powerfully establish'd in Bithynia and in other neighbouring Countries of the lesser Asia under Ottoman their first Sultan The Sultans of the Turks and afterwards under his Successors Orcan and Solyman Amurath the Son of Solyman who reigned at this time past into Europe and made his Conquests in the Country of Bulgaria along the Danube From Christ 1384. Jane Queen of Naples had succeeded Kings of Naples her Father Robert and had no Children by her four Husbands She had a Sister married to her Cousin Charles of Durus who had no Children but Jane being displeas'd with her Brother-in-Law adopted Lewis Duke of Anjou and to him resigned the Right of her Kingdom From Christ 1385. Charles called the Wicked King of The horrid Death of Charles King of Navar. Navar died in a most deplorable manner For the Surgeon who wrapt him and sewed him up in Linnen dipt in strong Spirits which having took fire by carelesness burnt him From Christ 1387. Urban the Sixth being dead the Roman Popes Cardinals put in his place Boniface the Ninth Clement still keeping his See at Avignion After his Death the Cardinals chose for his Successor a Spaniard of the House of The Continuation of Schism Luna who took the Name of Benoit the Thirteenth The Schism thus continuing the Christian Princes to no purpose endeavoured to put an end to it From Christ 1394. In the last Year of this Age the Electors Wencelaus deposed Henry of Brunswic Emperor then Rupert Count Palatine deposed Wencelaus judging him unworthy of the Empire because of his ill Qualities They put Henry of Brunswick in his place who having been killed in the same Year they then made choice of Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine From Christ 1400. The Fifteenth Age. ABout the end of the former Century John Count of Nevers attended with a great Number of the French Nobility march'd to the Relief of Hungary against Bajazet Emperor of the Turks The Christian The Battle of Nicopolis Army had been beaten at the Battle of Nicopolis John was taken Prisoner with the famous Boucicaut with many French Gentlemen John and Boucicaut were releas'd The Turks attack'd Constantinople in the Bajazet attack'd Constantinople beginning of this Age. The Emperor Manuel having applied himself to King Charles for Succors he sent him some under the Command of the same Boucicaut who relieved Constantinople which obliged Manuel to come into France to thank the King and to beg of him fresh Supplies From Christ 1401. During the time that Manuel was in Tamberlain Cham of the Tartars Bajazet overcome and kept Prisoner France Tamberlain the Cham of the Tartars over-run the Eastern parts with a most formidable Army He overcame and took Bajazet Prisoner and treated him with that scorn that the most miserable Prince dash'd out his Brains against the Bars of the Iron Cage in which he was shut up like a wild Beast From Christ 1402. At Rome Boniface the Ninth being dead Popes Innocent the Seventh succeeded him and after him Gregory the Twelfth a Venetian of the House of Cornaro upon Condition that he should resign if Bennet the Thirteeenth who always lived at Avignion A Continuation of Schism would doe the like They both of them met to concert the Bus'ness at Sazona but as they took their Journey to meet there every one on a sudden did quit their Faction Gregory retired to Sienna Bennet into Catalonia his Native Country The greatest part of the Cardinals having abandoned them assembled in Council at Pisa where Gregory and Bennet were The Council of Pisa deposed and a Cordelier called Peter Phylargus chosen in their places under the Name of Alexander the Fifth who died Three Popes about ten Months after The Cardinals who had followed him to Bologna elected Balthazar Cossa who took the Name of John the Twenty third From Christ 1410. There was also a Schism in the Empire between Sigismund Brother to Wenceslaus Sigismund Emperor deposed and Josse Marquess of Moravia his Kinsman but by the sudden Death of Josse Sigismund was acknowledged Emperor by all the Princes From Christ 1411. This Prince ordered a Council to be A Council at Constance held in the City of Constance where they resolved on Five remarkable Things 1. They burn'd as Hereticks John Hus John Hus and Jerome of Prague burnt though he came there under a safe Conduct of the Emperor they treated in the same manner Jerome os Prague a Disciple of John Hus. 2. They abolish'd the Use of the Cup The Cup taken away from the Sacrament in the Sacrament of the Eucharist 3. They declared a Council superior to the Pope 4. In Consequence to that they deposed Three Popes deposed the three Popes of whom John was there present 5. They elected Martin the Fifth of the House of Colonna after he had promis'd on his Oath to keep the Decrees of the Council From
Florence to the Duke of Florence for a hundred thousand Crowns From Christ 1650. The Earl of Montross defeated took prisoner and brought to Edingburgh and The Earl of Montross beheaded there beheaded The Scots routed by Cromwell at Dunbar Charles the Second Crowned at Skone in Scotland The Pope ordained a Jubilee The Pope's Jubilee Ferd. the III. married the princess Elionora Popes Ferdinand the Third Emperor of Germany married the Princess Elionora of the House of Mantua at Newstadt From Christ 1651. Innocent the Third endeavouring to break the Peace concluded at Osnabrug because there was too much Liberty granted to the Protestants died in the Attempt Maximillian Elector of Bavaria departed The death of the Elector of Bavaria Conde c. set at Liberty Cardinal Mazarin leâ— France this Life in the 88 year of his Age. In France by the Decree of the Parliament of Paris the three Princes of the Blood Conde Conti with the Duke of Longueville were set at liberty and Cardinal Mazarin within fifteen days to depart the Kingdom In the mean time Lewis the XIV entring on the fourteenth year of his Age was declar'd Major An Assembly of the States of Holland at the Hague did consult about confirming their Union and preserving their Form of Government for the future the Prince of Orange being dead Charles the Second marched into England Charles the II. enter'd Engl. with an Army with an Army of Scots and came as far as Worcester and was there defeated by Cromwell But made his Escape and in a short time after got safe into France The King of Poland did overthrow the The King of Poland defeated the Tartars Cossacks and Tartars in a great Battle that continued for three days There were killed twenty thousand and amongst them a Greek Patriarch sent on purpose from Constantinople to animate the Cossacks in that Battle Troubles in France by reason of Cardinal Mazarin's Return into the Kingdom But Mazarin having the young King and Mazarin recalled to France the Queen Mother on his side prevailed From Christ 1652. A fight in the Downes between the Sea Fight between the English Dutch English and the Dutch Another great fight also between the Dutch and the English neare to the Isle of Wight and Portland where the Dutch were beaten In a most solemn Assembly at Ratisbone Terdin the Fourth Crowned King of the Romons Câ—omwell mâ—de Prot 〈…〉 Ferdinand the Fourth Son of Ferdinand the Third was Chosen and Crowned King of the Romans The Speaker and most of the Members of Parliament surrendered up the Power to Cromwell who took upon him the Title of Protector The Dâ—kâ— oâ— Lorrain â—adâ— pri 〈…〉 Th. K. of Frâ—â—ce Crâ—â—ned Charles Duke of Lorraine was kept a prisoner in the Castle of Antwerp Lâ—wis the XIV King of France entering upon the seventeenth year of his Age was most solemnly Crowned at Rheims In Sweden Queen Christina resign'd up Qu. Christina resiged up her Crown her Kingdom to Charles Gustavus her Nephew who enter'd Upsalia and was there Crowned The Queen after this changed her Religion She turned Papist left her Country and spent the remainder of her days at Rome The Great Duke of Muscovy invaded The Duke of Muscovy took Smolensko Poland and took the City of Smolensko But the King of Poland having got a considerable Army of Cossacks took that City from the Russians and drove them out of his Kingdom From Christ 1654. Peace concluded with the Hollanders A peace with Holland and Pen ' s Expedition to the West Indies and a Fleet under the Command of Sir William Penn sent by Cromwell to the West Indies Don Pantaleon Sa Brother to the Portugal Embassador beheaded on Towerhill In Sweden the Chancellor Oxensterne a The death of the Chancel of Sweden Popes Person of great Wisdom and famous for his Administration died aged 71. years At Rome in the place of Innocent the X. Fabius Chigi by the College of Cardinals was chose Pope under the Name of Alexander the VII The Duke of Savoy being incensed by The persecution in Piedmont the Jesuits against those of Piedmont by reason of their dissenting from the Romish Religion spared neither Sex nor Age but slaughtered seven thousand of them The English Fleet took the Island of Jamaica The Engl. took Jemaica from the Spaniards The Learned Dr. Usher Archbishop of The death of Doctor Usher of Gassendus Cracovia taken by Swedes Armach and Primate of Ireland died As also Peter Gassendus a famous Philosopher at Paris From Christ 1655. A great Battle was fought between the the Polanders and the Swedes where the Swedes being Victors took Cracovia and Thorne John IV. King of Portugal died and left The death of the K. of Portugal his Kingdom not well settled to his Eldest Son an Infant A terrible Pestilence raged in Holland Aplaguo in Holland and in the Neighbouring Provinces which swept away thousands of People At Dresden John George the famous Elector The death of the Elector of Saxony of Saxony Prince of the Empire died and left his Eldest Son his Successor John George Sindercomb one of Cromwell's Life-guard being sentenced to die for plotting his Death poyson'd himself in the Tower of of London From Christ 1656. Ragotsky Prince of Transilvania fell into Poland by an Agreement made with the King of Sweden but was beaten back by the Polish Generals The French King made a League with A League between the French Cromwell Mardike delivered up to the English Cromwell upon which Mardike having been taken by the French was surrendred up to the English The Danes declared War against Sweden upon which the King of Sweden left Poland to oppose the Danes The King of Sweden having marched Copenhagen besieged by the Swedes his Army over the Ice possest himself of the Island of Fuenen and besieged Copenhagen The Emperor Ferdinand the III. died in The death of the Emperor the 48th year of his Age after he had reigned about eighteen years From Christ 1657. Dunkirk taken by the English The Great Usurper Cromwell died of a The death of Cromwell Malignant Feaver at Whitehall His Son Richard was proclaimed Protector From Christ 1658. The Dutch in the East Indies beat the Portugals and turned them out of Ceylon The Pyrenean Peace was concluded And The Marriage of Lewis the XIV Civil War in England the King of Spain's Eldest Daughter was married to Lewis the XIV King of France Richard Cromwell's Party deserting him he consented to dissolve his Parliament after which he himself was lay'd aside Lambert advanced with his Forces against Sir George Booth and routed him He turn'd out the Rump Parliament but General Monk signified his Dislike of the Army's Proceedings and advanced out of Scotland into England and declared for a Free Parliament The Secluded Members were restored and Long