early beames being the moneth of May corresponded with the verdant time of his age being not yet full nine yeares old so he was cradled first in the Fall and came to the crowne in the Spring The report of the monstrous parricide committed on the person of Henry the fourth did penetrate all hearts and made a strange kinde of consternation to seise upon the minds of men though it was no new thing in France to have their King torn away from them so for it was fresh in the memorie of many thousands how two and twentie yeares before Henry the third was dispatchd in that manner though the Assassin found his tombe in the very place where he did perpetrate the fact The Court of Parliament suddenly met that afternoon and declared Dame Mary de Medici Queene Regent which was the next day confirmed by the young King himselfe sitting on the bed of Iustice This was done without any opposition or scruple at all for King Henry had designd her for Regent before during his absence in the warres and the reverence that all had to the judgement of so wise and welbelovd a King advantagd the worke with a favourable conjuncture of some other circumstances for both the Princes of the blood were then absent the Count of Soissons was farre up in the Countrey where he had retird not without some discontentments The Prince of Conde was in Italy to whom an expresse was suddenly sent but the Count of Fuentes then Governour of Milan had given him the newes before of King Henries death and as some say labourd to infuse into him some aspiring thoughts for the Protectorship and so to embroyle France which tooke no effect There were also two great armies afoote one under L'esdigueres in Dauphine the other under the command of the Duke de Nevers in Champany ready to suppresse any insurrection The Queen mother being thus establishd in her Regency shee put three things in present consultation 1. The securitie of the Kingdome 2. A satisfaction to Iustice for the Assassinat 3. The obsequies of the dead King For the first it was thought fitting to re-publish the Edict of Nants in favour of them of the Religion And now the Author craves leave to give this advertisement by the way that though his intent be to draw as well as he can the Acts of this King to the life yet the Reader must not expect to have them here in their full length and in all their dimensions He must not thinke to finde Edicts Declarations Articles of Treaties Letters and such like in their entire bodies here He leaves that to the French Chroniclers such publike exemplarie precedents being more proper and usefull to the people who live under that government yet care will be had to insert here the substance of all such acts and not to pretermit any thing that is materiall and conducing to the exactnesse of the storie The first act of State as I said before was the reviving of the Edict of Nants to content them of the Religion who after the King are the powerfullest bodie in France having so many strong presidiarie townes for their securitie insomuch that they may be said to be a kinde of Republike in a Realme yet France receives this advantage of them that they are a meanes to keepe the King more narrowly within his bounds and make him more cautious in his actions They may be said to be like goats among sheepe whose smell keeps them from the shakings and other diseases so they keep the regall power from excesses In the Declaration wherein the foresaid Edict was incorporated there was also some clauses of compliance that reflected upon the Citie of Paris which was also to be pleasd Then the Princes of the blood were invited and expresses sent for them to come to the Court Governours of provinces were permitted to remain still in their commands and divers other acts of compliances and policie pass'd for prevention of discontentments and insurrection Concerning the second which was a satisfaction to Iustice and how Ravaillac should be offer'd up as a victim to her much paines were taken At his first examination they would have perswaded him that the King was not dead but like to recover whereat he smil'd saying that he knew well enough the worke was done for t' was not he but the hand of heaven that had don 't Then being ask'd how he durst embrue his hands in the bloud of Gods anointed the most Christian King and his Soverain naturall Prince at the word most Christian he smild again in a sleighting manner Being search'd there was found about him a paire of beads and a heart made of cotton with a piece of wood in 't which he was made to beleeve was a part of that very crosse whereon Christ suffer'd All meanes imaginable were essayed to make him discover if he had had any instigators or complices in this infandous plot but he still answerd positively and constantly he had none at all saying he durst never speake of it to his Confessor for feare of discovery for so he might have bin punish'd for the will without the deed yet a Iesuite and a Cordelier who were his ghostly fathers were strictly examin'd but nothing could be had out of them Hereupon there rose a nice question amongst the Divines whether the Priest be bound to reveale the confession of his penitent but 't was onely propounded and so left problematicall and indecided for that time Every one did whet his invention to devise some exquisite lasting torment for Ravaillac The Butchers of Paris who are habituated in bloud propos'd a way to flay him and the torture of excoriation should continue three daies Others gave the draught of an instrument in form of an Obelisk where he might be press'd and the torment should last a long time Others found out a way to have his body cut quite off from his hips downward and his bowels to be clap'd presently upon a hot yron plank which should preserve the other halfe of the body in pangs of agonie a long while But the court of Justice thought it not fit to invent or inflict any other punishment upon him but what the lawes allowed therefore he was condemn'd to be carried in a tombrell naked in his shirt with a flaming torch of two pound weight in his hand to the common place of execution where holding the knife wherewith he had perpetrated that most abominable parricide his hand should be first pierc'd with the said knife and so to be burn'd with fire of sulphur upon the stage That he should have buskins fill'd with boyling oile applyed to him That he should be pincer'd in the paps thighes and braun of the legs and that boyling lead should be powr'd into the one burning rozin into the other and wax melted with sulphur into the third That his body should be torn afterwards by horses all his members burn'd reduc'd to cinders and thrown into
capitulation to summon the States Generall and suspecting there might be some desseins against her authoritie she endevour'd to prevent it divers wayes First in the Mandats sent to the Governors of Provinces and Towns for the elections of Deputies there were speciall cautions inserted to choose no factious persons The second means was to defer the convocation of the States Generall till the Kings majority was declar'd that so his authoritie might be the more compleat and absolut whereby he might have a greater power to take into his hands her interests and oppose such resolutions that might prejudice them Lastly whereas the said convocation was appointed first to be at Rheims then at Sens she sent summons abroad that it should be held at Paris where the King was strongest by the residence of his servants the affections of all orders of people and the assistance of the ordinary Court of Parliament which is still there sitting though it was us'd to be ambulatory with the Kings Court. Now the difference which is in France between an Assembly of the three Estates and their Parliaments is that the former hath an analogie both in point of institution power and summons with our Soverain high Court of Parliament in England compos'd of Lords and Commons wherein the King sits as head and it is He alone who opens and shuts it with his breath This being the greatest of all Assemblies treats of matters touching the universall good of the State and the making correcting or repealing of laws and it is the highest Sphere which gives motion to all the rest The Parliaments of France whereof there are eight have not the same latitude of power yet are they Supreme Courts or Sessions of Justice where mens causes and differences are publikly determined in last ressort without any further appeale and any Peer of France by right of inheritance hath a capacitie to sit there The day being assign'd for publishing the Kings Majority the Queen Regent and He with his now sole brother the Duke of Anjou for his brother the Duke of Orleans was lately dead went in a stately solemn maner to the Court of Parliament accompagnied with the prime Prelats and Peers of the Kingdom and amongst them there were fower Cardinalls A contestation happen'd 'twixt the Cardinalls and Peers for precedency because the twelve Peers of France before an Ordinance made by Henry the third preceded any Prince of the bloud at the Coronation and Sacring of the King and the declaration of his Majority was an Act reflecting on that Yet the King inordred the priority for that time to the Cardinalls because they were Princes of the Church universal which made the Peers retire from the Court lest it might serve for a precedent to future Ages The Court being sat and all silenc'd the Queen Regent riss up and said That she prais'd and thank'd God to have afforded her grace to bring up her son to the yeers of his Majority and to maintain his Kingdom in peace the best she could That now he being come to age she transmitted the Government to him exhorting the company there present and all other his subjects to render him that service obedience and fidelity which is due unto him as to their King The Chancelor hereupon pronounced the Arrest of the Court importing a verification of the declaration of his Majesties Majority which was done in a solemn studied Oration This great solemnity did not end so but it was accompagnied with four wholsom Edicts as the first fruits or hansels of his raign 1. The first aym'd at a general concord 'twixt his subjects by strict injunction of observing the Edict of Nantes concerning them of the Religion 2. The second aym'd at a generall obedience prohibiting all ligues confederacy and intelligence with any strange Prince or State under pain of lifs 3. The third against Duells 4. The fourth against Blasphemy and Swearing Thus ended the Regency of Maria de Medici in form though not in effect for she swayed a good while after as Queen Mother in all Counsels the King reposing still his chief confidence in her during her Regency she did many public things which discover'd a pious and Princely soul Amongst others she provided divers Hospitalls in the suburbs of Saint German for the relief of the poor the aged and sick and to set young people at work which will continue there as long as the walls of Paris for monuments of her honour and charity The King having notice that the Deputies of the three States were com he sent the B p. of Paris to warn them in his name to fit themselfs for receiving the grace of God that so a blessing might fall upon their consultations to which purpose three daies fast was enjoyn'd them to prepare them the better for the holy Communion which was also inordred them So according to ancient custom a generall Procession was made wherein divers ranks of Fryars and Hopitalers went before then followed the Deputies of the third Estate who took place according to the rank of the 12. Governments of France and made in number 192. The Nobles followed them in number 132. They of the Clergie went last who made 140. so that in all they came to 464. which number I observe is inferior to that of the English Parliament where the Members of the House of Commons alone which corresponds the Third Estate in France come to neer upon 500. After these the King himself followed on foot accompagnied with the Queen and the Princes and Peeres The next day after all met in Bourbon House hall where the young King told them That having not long since declar'd his Majority he thought fitting to convoque the States Generall of his Kingdom to begin his raign by their good advice and Counsell to receive their complaints and provide for redres accordingly as it should be more amply told them by his Chancelor who took the word therupon This generall overture and Ceremony being ended the States Generall spent some daies to visit one another and to choosing of their three Praesidents or Prolocutors which they presented to the King with protestation of all fidelity and obedience The next day they took the Communion all in one Church going six at a time viz. two of every Order to the holy Table The Munday following they reassembled intending to fall close to work but their proceedings were retarded by some differences which interven'd touching the rank of the 12. Provinces or Governments and this clash kept a great noise till the King interpos'd therin his Authority and by the advice of his Privy Counsel which they submitted unto made this decision marshalling the 12. Governments thus 1. the Isle of France whereon Paris stands 2. Burgundy 3. Normandy 4. Guyen 5. Britany 6. Champany 7. Languedoc 8. Picardy 9. Dauphine 10. Provence 11. Lionnois 12. Orleans This being regulated by the King they fell to the main work and three Propositions were made the first by
of being question'd and so clap'd in the Bastile For the second there was alwayes ill bloud 'twixt him and the Duke of Espernon A Gentleman related unto me one facetious passage that happen'd 'twixt them The Archbishop was to go upon an Expedition to Sea and the Duke giving him a visit at Bourdeaux the Archbishop sent two Gentlemen to attend him and to desire him to entertain himself a little for he was dispatching some Commanders and Officers that were to go instantly to Sea The Duke for a little pot is soon heated took this in disdain as he had reason being Governour in chief of the Countrey and went suddenly away to his House Cadillac five leagues above Bourdeaux The next morning the Archbishop went to pay him his visit and the Duke being told he was there he sent two of his Gentlemen to desire his Reverence to have patience a while in regard he was newly entred into a Chapter of Saint Augustines De Civitate Dei and he would waite upon him as soon as he had done The King besides this under Condé had divers other Armies abroad about this time One in Picardy under Chastillon who pass'd the Some and entring Arthois took all the Advenues towards Saint Omer old Hesdin having bin pillag'd and burnt before and at last sate before the place two thousand soldiers and nine hundred peasans were perpetually at work for a circumvallation Marshall de la Force came with a considerable Army to joyn with Chastillon but a little before Prince Tomaso had defeated two French Regiments and Piccolomini came afterwards to second him so there were very hot services perform'd on both sides at last the Spaniards having reliev'd the Town by taking the Fort of Bac by which advantage they might cast in what strength they would the French forsook their works and so rais'd a costly siege and march'd towards Renti which they took not without sweat and bloud and after that Carelet the one was quite demolish'd the other better fortified The Duke of Longueville was now for the King in the Franche Conté where there happen'd divers encounters 'twixt the Duke of Lorain and him and many places taken and succour'd by both parties To these land Exploits we will add a sea combat which was fought before Gattary this yeer 'twixt the Spanish Galeons and the French Fleet commanded by the Archbishop of Bourdeaux where divers of the Spanish Galeons were taken as also another fight 'twixt the Gallies of Marseilles and those of Spain neer Genoa in both which Neptun threw his trident in favour of France Prince Casimir the King of Polands brother passing to Spain to be Viceroy of Portugall was stop'd about Marseilles and made prisoner because he went disguis'd as also because he had rais'd troupes of Crabats for the service of the king of Spain There came also to Paris Zaga Christos the youngest son of Iacob Emperour of Aethiopia or the Hahissins whose hard fate after a long civill War was to be kill'd in the Plaines of Guera by one Susneos a Rebell who rendred himself afterwards Emperour Iacobs three sons were forc'd to fly and this being the youngest after many hazardous wandrings and accidents arriv'd at last in Italy and thence he came to Paris where he was entertain'd in the quality of a Prince France was at a high cumble of felicity at this time and to augment it the more the Queen was brought to bed of a Prince who made the seventeenth Dauphin of France since the first she had a speedy delivery at Saint Germain de lay the fifth of September the same moneth his father was born whither divers reliques had been brought her amongst others our Ladies girdle of Puy which she wore during her throngs The King was at dinner when newes was brought him and so he went suddenly to the Queens chamber where amongst the Ladies he found Monsieur his brother and he had good reason to be there to see what was brought into the world This was one of the rarest passages of this kind that ever happen'd in France or any other part of the world it being little lesse then a miracle that a young King and Queen should bed so long together and not have any issue till the twenty third yeer of their cohabitation and concumbence for so long was this Dauphin a getting One may easily imagine what triumphings and publique acclamations of joy were up and down France for this so long expected Royal Off-spring nor was this gladnes bounded there but it dispers'd it self up and down all places of Christendom that were friends to France and struck a kind of wonderment into the world In Rome there were divers inventions and curiosities found out to expresse a congratulation Before the French Ambassadors Palace who was then the Marshall De Estrée there was a triumphant Obelisck with the armes of France and this ostentous Inscription underneath Ludovici XIII Christianissimi Galliarum et Navarrae Regi Qui Pullulantem per avita regna Haereticam Hydram Petulantem in Orbe Christiano novum Geryonem Herculea Clava compressit Aras per impietatem eversas Principes per tyrannidem oppressos Armata pietate restituit Aequissimi Herois Justitiae debito Delphino Inter aurea Lilia nascenti Inter paternos lauros vagienti Futuro futurorum monstrorum Alcidi In afflictorum subsidium In Tyrannorum excidium In Liliorum aeternum germen In Ecclesiae invictum columen Ecaelo in terris stupenda ratione demisso Plausus Acclamationes Trophaea Futurae Gloriae argumenta praesentis laetitiae Monumenta Attollit adjungit erigit Franciscus Hannibal Estraeus c. For publique arguments of joy Prisoners and Gallislaves were releas'd two were ennobled in every Generalty throughout the Kingdom besides foure Masters were created in every Trade throughout France with divers other priviledges afforded them of Paris This yeer 1638. was fruitfull for Royall Princess els-where for besides the French Dauphin the King of Spain had a daughter and the Emperour had a son borne within the compas of it The siege before Brisac whereof we spake before grew more and more stubburn in so much that the Town began now to think of making her last Will and Testament and so bequeath'd her self into the hands of Bernard Weymar who besides Dutch English Sweds and Scotch had an Army of 10000. French under his command The said Weymar pretended a propriety to the place otherwise after so obstinat an opposition and slaughter of his men he had given no quarter There were 135. Peeces taken in the Town and Castle with very much Treasure After she was taken there happend an ilfavor'd travers twixt the Duke and the King who would have put a French Governour into the Town it went so far that the French Army made towards the Duke and his Germans with others who discharg'd upon them and divers were kill'd on both sides but the French fury was appeas'd and matters were suddenly aton'd so a mix'd
wedded himself to the best Towns of Lorain and Barri that 't is thought he will hardly be ever divorc'd from any of them unlesse he be forc'd The Citie of Paris was now full of Catalans and Portugals who strowted up and down the streets their new King having sent two Ambassadors thither in joynt Commission In the interim the Spanish Ambassadors at Rome negotiat strongly that the Duke of Bragansa be excommunicated for an Usurper if this had taken effect it had made the King of France incapable to assist him being an excommunicated person but France had such a powerfull faction in the Consistory and the Pope himself was such a friend to her that the Catholic King could do little good in this point There had some former counterbuffs pass'd betwixt the Cardinall and the Count of Soissons who had slighted one of his Neeces for marriage but now there was a new clash happen'd between them in the Armies in Picardy where the Cardinal would have advanc'd his colours before the Count of Soissons The King abetted his Cardinal hereupon the Count retires in discontentment to Sedan and got the Duke of Bovillon to ligue with him They rays'd a considerable Army and encountred the Kings forces which they routed but the Count being too eager and poursuing a broken Troupe of horse which was flying it was his hard fate to be kill'd by one of the Cardinals servants who then bore Armes The fall of this Prince of the Bloud in the prime vigor of his virility causd much lamentation in France mix'd with some murmurings against the Cardinal And it was a good turn for him in regard now that Soissons was taken away there was no Prince throughout all France able to uphold a faction against him France was bless'd with another masculine Royall off-spring the Duke of Anjou which did not raise so much wonder as the Dauphin for he as I told you before was two and twenty yeers a getting this but a twelvemoneth and a few dayes Marie de Medici Queen Mother and Dowager of France expir'd this yeer who may be said to be one of the greatest Queens that ever were being grandchild and gran neece to two glorious Emperours Ferdinand and Charles the Fifth wife of Henry the Great Mother to the three mighty Kings of France Great Britain and Spain and to the ancientest Prince of Christendom the Duke of Savoy She had bin Regent of France many yeers during which time she discover'd extraordinary abilities transcending her sex shewas afterwards twice in Armes against her sonne and she came at last to conceive such a Iunonian indignation against the Cardinal de Richelieu who had bin chief of her Counsels and her creature afterwards in point of greatnesse for she first preferr'd him to the King that the breach could never be made up between them that one might say Nec quenquam jam ferre potest Regina priorem Richeliúsve parem She was us'd to say That the worst thing she ever did was the advancement of Richelieu In the sense of this high indignation she forsook France and drew a voluntary exile upon her self whereby she was so toss'd up and down to severall Countreys that she became a Tenisball to the blind inconstant Goddesse she first retir'd to Flanders where she found good respect and contentment during the life of the Archduchesse but then being distasted with the Spanish Ministers she remov'd to Holland thence to England where she found most Royall allowance and Hospitality and her last retirement was to Colen where she liv'd reclus'd exercising her self in strict exercises of devotion in her way and so breath'd her last Such was her fate I will not say her faut that Bellona follow'd her wheresoever she went as also her three daughters yet in her own nature she detested war specially that with Spain and that with Savoy And this was thought to be the ground of her animosity against the Cardinal The King of France having thoroughly undertaken the protection of the Catalans sent a royall army composed most of Gascons and of them of the Religion which rush'd into the County of Roussillon the Key of Spain towards that part of the Pyreneys This County was once an appendix of France but being hypothequ'd and morgag'd to the King of Aragon for a summe of money it was never redeem'd since France had better fortune in this second Invasion of Spain then she in the first at Fontarabia Perpignan the strongest Fort of Christendom for the bignes was besieg'd and the King himself made his approach thither in person so after a tough stubborn siege by famine rather then force the Town and Castle yeelded wherein there were above 120. great Canons The Spaniard had some requitall though nothing adaequat to the losse of Perpignan in the Netherlands about this time for he regain'd the Town of Aire from the French and the French took Bipalma towards Cambray from the Spaniard The Cardinal of Richelieu was sick that time the Queen Mother died at Colen yet he strain'd himself to creep to the Altar and officiated many Church duties for her soul From that time he was never perfectly recovered so about the latter end of this yeer he died himself in his Cardinal Palace at Paris He was so attenuated and dried up with exces of care and encombrances of the brain that his body might be said to be but a sackfull of bones and a meere Scheleton This gran Minister being thus gone Cardinal Mazarin a Gentleman of an ancient Roman extraction was put to sit at the helm A man of the same habit and habilitie as if the soul of Richelieu had transmigrated into him He was a bosome friend and a great intrinsic Confident of Richelieu before who had imparted his desseins and infus'd all his maximes into him and open'd unto him all the Arcana Imperii He had bin an active politicall instrument employ'd by the Pope before in sundry Treaties and difficult traverses of State wherein he had good successe and in all his negotiations he was discover'd to be a person of excellent addresse and rare endowments The King did not long survive his Cardinal of Richelieu for he fell mortally ill five moneths after at which time this great Monarch paid nature her last debt and what earthly Potentate is there though never so independent and absolute that is exempt from this tribute He expir'd the 14th of May in the afternoon the same moneth the same day of the moneth and about the same houre of the day that his father died 33. yeers before but with this mark of difference that the one went and the other was sent out of the world about the same time His bowels were presently carried to be interr'd at Saint Denis the last rendevous of all the French Kings whither his Body follow'd after in the height of all Solemnitie and Magnificence that his Queen could possibly devise whom he left Regent a Lady of rare temper
for them yet they deserve to have Laurels upon their heads and Palmes of victory in their hands to all posterity Crescet occulto velut Arbor aevo Nomen Armandi Ludovicus ingens Stella fulgebit velut inter Ignes Luna minores FINIS An Alphabeticall Table of such matters that are the principall Ingredients of this Story A ANne of Austria affianc'd to Lewis the Thirteenth of France 13 Her dowry 13 Her joynture 14 Her Letter to the King of France 31 Made Regent of France 135 Anagrams on Henry the Great 5 Analogy 'twixt the Dauphin of France and the Duke of Cornwall 2 Advantage of a little well compacted body over a great 151 M. of Ancre's entrance into favour 16 He is slain by Vitry 37 Sentenc'd after death 38 His body untomb'd dragg'd up and down hang'd hack'd to peeces and burnt 38 A censure of him 38 Antipathy 'twixt the Spaniard and French 32 Five French Ambassadors in Italy in one yeer 34 Assembly of the three Estates meet at the Kings majority 23 Assembly of Notables first convok'd 40 All the Alliances that have pass'd 'twixt England and France 67 The D. of Angoulesme before Rochell and his stratagem to deceive the English 8 Marq Ambrosio Spinola's exploits in Italy a clash 'twixt him and Olivares 92 Governor of Milan and besiegeth Casal 93 His Epitaph 95 Archduchesse Isabella dieth at Brussels 106 Articles upon the mariage 'twixt England and France 64 Articles 'twixt the Swed and the French 99 Articles t'wixt the French and the Hollander upon the breach with Spain 109 Clandestine articles twixt the Duke of Rohan and the Spaniard 87 Articles 'twixt the French King and Charles Duke of Lorain 101 Articles 'twixt the King of France and Monsieur his brother 104 Articles 'twixt the French and Catalans 128 The Authours caution to the Reader 6 Armes how ill they become Church-men in the Proem B Bassompierre Ambassador in England 76 Battaile of Norlinghen 108 Bernard Weymar takes Rhinfeild 118 Brisac 125 His Epitaph 126 Becanus book De potestate Regis et Papae condemn'd at Rome 16 Birth and baptisme of Lewis the Thirteenth 1 Birth of the now Duke of Anjou 133 Blasphemous praises of the Cardinal of Richelieu in the Proem Duke of Bovillon invites the Pr of Condé to arme by a notable speech 17 M. de Bois Dauphin General for the King 29 Breda repris'd by the Hollander 116 Breme taken by the Spaniard 119 Duke of Buckingham sent to France to demand and conduct her now Majesty to England 67 The Duke of Buckinghams Manifesto after he had invaded France 77 The causes of the breach 80 The manner of his landing 82 His Letter to Toiras and the answer he receivd 83 His infortunat retreat prisoners taken and releas'd for her Majesties sake 84 The Duke of Buckinghams omissions in the Isle of Ré the causer of them 84 C Cardinals made Generalls 183 Catalonia falls from the Spaniard and the causes why 128 Pr Casimir taken prisoner in France 128 Character of Henry the Great 5 The Chamber of Accounts refuse to verifie the Kings Letter 29 Cadenet Ambassadour in England 56 The Chymericall Ambassadors 169 Christina the second daughter of Henry the Great maried to the Prince of Piemont her portion 42 The D. of Cheureux marieth the Lady Henrietta Maria to the King of England 66 Clergy men most dangerous if misapplied 128 A Clash 'twixt the Duke and the Parlement of Paris 27 A Clash 'twixt the Counsel of State and the Parlement with the Parlements submission 28 Condé and his Adhaerents proclaym'd Traytors 29 His clandestine consults in Paris apprehended in the Louure 35 Prince of Condé distasts the match with Spain 14 Puts himself in Arms to hinder the Queens entrance 28 A great Contention 'twixt the Church men in Paris 11 Contentions in the Generall Assembly of the three Estates 23 The Close and funerall of it 26 Cotton the Iesuit vindicats his Society 9 Count of Auvergne eleven yeers prisoner in the Bastile 37 Count of Chalais beheaded 74 D. of Crequies splendid Ambassage to Rome 106 Kil'd before Breme 119 His Epitaph 120 D Dauphin whence deriv'd 2 The Dauphin now king born 124 Decree of the Colledge of Sorbon against Francis Cupif 117 A Declaration sent to Rochell wherein the English are branded 79 Difference 'twixt the Germans and French at Brisac 127 Difference 'twixt Conde and Soissons about the Napkin 46 Difference 'twixt forren Princes and the Kings base sons 91 Disadvantagious to live 'twixt two potent neighbours exemplified in the Dukes of Savoy and Lorain 93. 101 Dismission of the French from the Queen of Englands service 75 The reasons why 76 Divers odd desseins fear'd in France 73 Distinction 'twixt liberty and priviledge 24 Dionysius his flatterers in the Proem A Discourse upon judiciary Astrology 15 Prince Doria taken prisoner by the French 94 Duke of Mains stately Ambassy to Spain about an alliance 13 Duke of Pastrana in France 14 E How Edward the Confessor us'd an Astrologer 15 Ecclesiasticus a scandalous book writ by Schioppius 16 Divers Errours of the French Chroniclers reflecting upon England 76 Duke of Espernon questions the Rochellers 38 He clasheth with the Court of Parlement 26 A pleasant passage 'twixt him and the Archbishop of Bourdeaux 123 He traceth the Queen Mothers escape out of Blois 43 He is outed of his Government and dieth a little after 123 Emanuel Duke of Savoy his exploits in Italy 71 He highly complains of the King of France whence arise some traverses 'twixt him and Monsieur Bullion the French Ambassador 72 His death prophecied 94 Epitaph upon Marshall Crequy 120 Epitaph upon Marq. Spinola 95 Epitaph upon Saxen Weymar 126 Epitaphs upon Cardinal de Richelieu 178 An Ethiopian Prince Zaga Christos arriv'd in Paris 120 Edicts against duels blasphemy 22 F Master Fairfax put to the torture before Montauban 58 The Falshood of some French Annalists in divers things and their stupidity in relating names 76 The Duke of Fereaincens'd against the Duke of Savoy 97 A fearfull unknown Fire in the Palace of Paris 42 Another when the two bridges were burnt 57 Ferrier a reformed Minister turnd Roman Catholic 14 Five French armies in motion in one sommer 111 Florimond de Puy a Reformed Gentleman beheaded for treason 11 Fontarabia besieg'd by the French 122 Don Fernando the King of Spains youngest brother dieth at Brussells 131 A strange libell touching him and his brother Don Carlos 132. The French soon weary of peace 3 French beaten before Theonville 126 G Master George Digby cutts Scioppius on the face for defaming King James 16 Don Gonsalez de Cordova refuseth the King of France his present 103 Gasper Galilei Galileo racants his opinion in Rome for holding the Sun to rest and the earth to move 107 His punishment ibid. Galigay the Marchiones of Ancre's death and Roman stoutnesse 20 Grievances discover'd and not redres'd do the body politic harm 27 D. of Guyse marieth the
the aire That the House where he was borne in Angoulesme should be raz'd to the ground and that none presume to build upon that piece of earth That within fifteene daies after the publication of this sentence his father and mother should quit the kingdome and never return that his brothers sisters uncles and others should never afterwards beare the name of Ravaillac under paine of being hang'd and strangled This dismall sentence was executed to the very height of torture and extended to the utmost length of time affection of sense and possibilitie of nature for there were waies invented to keepe him from syncops and fits of swounding Before at the beginning and in the midst of all his torments there could be no other confession extorted out of him though he was sifted with all the sagacitie that could be but that the motives which impell'd him to such a desperate attempt were certaine revelations that he saied he had had which he afterwards call'd tentations And that he thought he should do a work acceptable to God to take away a King that was a Favourer of Heretiques who went about by the armie he had then afoote to perturbe the peace of the Catholike church and make warre against the Pope The people in generall did love the deceased King so passionately that nothing but imprecations and curses could be heard ecchoing from them so that none did pray with him when he was upon the scaffold for the salvation of his soule and for his body when it was torne by the horses happie was he that could get any piece of it so that he was burnt in more then twenty places up and downe the Citie in severall fires so Nemesis had her glut Ravaillac being thus extinguish'd and as it were annihilated the next care of the Queene was to give rites of buriall adaequate to so glorious a King His heart the Iesuites had for he had promis'd them to be depositaries and guardiens of it in his life time notwithstanding that one of their Societie had once attempted to murther him so in extraordinarie pomp his heart was carried to la Flecle and his bodie to Saint Denis And Henry the third who had layn all the while at Compeigne was sent for to beare him companie so that as they had the like destinie in their death so they came to take their last lodgings the same time in Saint Denis whither they say no French King went with his good will The latter of the two whom we will call hereafter Henry the great that title being entayl'd upon him by the universall suffrage of all was condol'd with farre more regret then the former and divers to this houre weare a constant anniversarie mourning for him that day he was kill'd Amongst others her Majestie of great Britain continueth it who was then a cradle-infant and Barberino at that time Nuncio in France and after created Pope by the name of Vrban the eighth comming to congratulate her birth and finding that the Queen mother had bin better pleas'd if she had borne a male He told her Madame I hope to see this though your youngest daughter a great Queene before I die the Queene answer'd And I hope to see you Pope both which prophetick complements prov'd true and within a short time one of another A litle after Ravaillac was burn'd also the great Spanish Jesuit Mariana I mean his Book de Rege Regis institutione wherin he holds that a Tyrant or Hereticall Prince may be made away by violent meanes Moreover by the same arrest of Parliament the Colledg of Sorbon was commanded to publish their ancient Decree passed by one hundred fortie one Doctors of the sacred Faculty of Theology in the yeer 1413. which was confirm'd two yeers after by the famous Counsell of Constance viz That it is not lawfull to any for what cause whatsoever to attempt any thing upon the sacred persons of Kings and Soverain Princes Which doctrin and solemn Decree was then published to quell and confound that execrable position which was than dogmatiz'd and broach'd up and down viz That a Tyrant whosoever he be may and ought to be lawfully and meritoriously kill'd by his own vassall or subject whosoever he be and by that any means whatsoever principally by secret ambushes treasons flatteries or other such wayes notwithstanding any faith or oth whereby the subject is oblig'd to such a Tyrant c. Which tenet being then pronounced pernicious and hereticall impious and diabolical by the said Colledg and Counsell was now also by 150 choice Theoloques of the said Family adjudg'd to be an error against the holy Catholic faith and the fundamentalls of morality opening a gap to rebellion and atheisme to a violation of all bonds of humane obedience and government and tended to bring confusion and a Hell upon Earth The Iesuits were murmur'd at as Fautors of the foresaid opinion of Mariana whereupon Cotton then Preacher to the King publish'd a declaratory letter to vindicat their Society and shew their conformity of Doctrin to the foresaid Decree of the Counsell of Constance in which letter he protested in the name of the rest that that opinion of Mariana was a particular fancy of his own and so to be restrain'd to his person only That it is so disapprov'd and exploded by their Society that some of them have compil'd and expos'd to the open world sundry Treatises in confutation of it and condem'd it in two Provinciall Congregations held in Paris and Lion in the yeer 1606. where their Reverend General Claudius Aquariva was present and there the Soverain puissance and authority of Kings was acknowledg'd and in temporal matters to hold soly of God himself The substance of Father Cottons declatory Letter tended all to this effect though it gave not so full a satisfaction to all men This was that Cotton who was so much favor'd by Henry the Great which gave him occasion to Answer certain Deputies of Rochel upon a petition they once presented unto him That he could not hear them then for his eares were stopp'd with Cotton whereupon was made this Epigram of Him Quand le Roy fait ses pas Pere Cotton l'accompagne Mais le bon Prince ne scait pas Que le fin Cotton vient d'Espagne Thus English'd When the King abroad doth walk Father Cotton finds him talk But the good Prince doth not attain That the fine Cotton com's from Spain The formidable Army which Henry the great had rais'd was now disbanded by command and only 12000. kept still a foot in Champagny which were reserv'd to assist the German Princes who were then in motion of armes upon this occasion William Duke of Iuillers and Cleves being dead without Heir male the right of succession was debated by other Princes his allies but the Emperour alledging that the Duchy of Iuillers was a fief moving of the Empire invested Leopold his Cousin german in the possession of it who
Parliament mainly endevour'd to give some contentment to their Majesties therefore they employ'd again the prime President with others To declare the great displeasure the Court had that their Remonstrance was not agreeable to their Majesties wils protesting that it was never the intention of the Court to touch upon their actions or the Queens Regency whom they acknowledg'd to have oblig'd all France by her wise conduct and care she had both of the Kings Person and the State that as they could not so they would never attempt any thing upon royal authority what they had don was to testifie the zeal which they owe and will shew eternally to their Majesties Persons That they most humbly desir'd them to remember that the very next day after the death of Henry the Great their Majesties were pleas'd to honor that Court with their presence desiring them to contribut their good Counsels for the conduct of the public affairs which oblig'd them to present the foresaid Remonstrances c. So they concluded with all possible submission and a desire that the said Arrest of his Counsel of State should not be publish'd This took away somthing of the inflamation for the time but it cur'd not the wound which began to fester more and more and so gangrend that the whole body politic was like to perish For what the Court of Parliament sought by supplication the Prince of Conde not long after sought by the sword who having divers of the greatest Princes and them of the Religion ligu'd with him brought their Petition upon the Pikes point Conde flew to that height that he proceeded not by way of Remonstrance but as if he had bin a Prince absolut by way of Manifesto He was then in Picardy whither the King had sent divers Letters by persons of good quality to invite him to come to Court and to accompany him in his voyage to Guyen to fetch the Infanta but all would not do for old Bovillon had infus'd other Counsels into his head and so he publish'd a Manifesto that the cause of his retirement from the Court was the insolent deportment of the Marshall of Ancre the dissipation of Henry the Greats treasure the introduction of strangers of Iewes Sorcerers and Magicians by the said Marshall and so he concluded King-like parlant en sire Wherefore we pray and warn all the the Princes Peers and Officers of the Crown and all such as call themselfs French to succour and assist us in so good an occasion And we require and adjure all forren Princes and strangers all the Allies and Confederats of this State to give us ayd and assistance c. These were the specious pretences that caus'd this Manifesto which divers forren Princes took in foul scorn that he should require them being but a vassal himself The truth is there was but one generall grievance and that was the Marshall of Ancre a Confident of the Queen Mothers whom she had brought with her from Italy his wife having bin her foster sister He had the greatest vogue at Court which being a stranger made him repin'd at The King and the Queen Mother were then resolv'd upon a journey to Burdeaux to receive the Infanta and to deliver the Daughter of France for the King of Spain Conde disswades the King from the voyage by Letters which were not well taken So while the one prepares for his journey the other arms for a war and gets on his party Longueville Bulloin and Mayn who had concluded the match with Spain yet refus'd to attend in the jour ney Thus a fearfull clowd hung over France yet nothing could deter the King from going to fetch his wife and the Queen Mother said That all the power of earth should not hinder him Besides he was straitned for money for so long and costly a voyage nor would the Chamber of Accounts verify in Letters to take any out of the Bastile whereupon the King went himself in Person accompagnied by the Queen his Mother his Chancelor Secretaries of State and others in whose presence the Coffers were open'd and two millions and a halfe of Liures which make 250000. pounds sterling were taken out and deliver'd to the Treasurer of the Privy Purse The King being to begin his journey the first thing he did was to secure Paris so he left Mounsier de Liencour Governour thereof and to authorise him the more he admitted him to the Court of Parliament by Letters Patents which the said Court did verifie notwithstanding the harsh answer they had had to their late Remonstrance at the Louure The Marshal of Ancre was sent to Amiens with a considerable Army And another Army was left under the command of the Marshal de Bois Daufin consisting of 16000. foot 1500. horse and 2000. Carrabins to make head against the Mutiners So the King and his Mother accompagnied with the Dukes of Guyse Elbaeuf and Espernon with a good number of Gentlemen with 1200. light horse his Guard of Suisses and others making in all 400. foot parted from Paris towards Bourdeaux and being come to Poictiers Madame his sister which was to be sent to Spain fell sick of the small Pox which detaind the Court there five weeks and so much retarded the journey In the intrim the Princes forces encrease and prosper exceedingly having had the best in three rencounters Old Bovillon had got 600. Reiters from the Marquis of Brandenburg who joyn'd with them they got over the Loire maugre the Royall Army under Bois Dauphin The Duke of Vandom was then with the King and he gave him Commission extraordinary to make levies of horse and foot and having by virtu thereof rais'd an Army of 10000. Combatants he declar'd himself afterward for the Princes and employ'd them against the King He who did thrive best amongst the Royalists was the Marshal of Ancre who in the interim had taken Corbes and Clermont The King caus'd a Declaration to be publish'd wherein Conde and all his Adhaerents were Proclaim'd Traytors and sent it to Paris to be verified by the Parliament which was never more puzzled in any busines those that were averse to the Match with Spain and favour'd the Mutineers endevour'd to elude the Registring of the royal Declaration alledging that the Princes of the bloud being the prime Peers could not be censur'd there without their Peers and that the presence of the King himself was requisit without which his bloud could not be judg'd After tough altercations the voices of the Court were reduc'd to two Opinions one was of 73. voices who order'd that the Declaration should be registred but the Person of the Prince excepted for a moneth during which time he should be warn'd to submit himself to his Majesty and all others should lay down their arms The other Opinion was caried by 78. voices which was that the Court order'd that the reasons for which they could not and ought not to proceed to verifie the said Declaration should be
acknowledge him Governor of the Countrey of Aunis and of their Town which he pretended to derive by Patent from the raign of Henry the third He had also a grudge unto them that they had debauch'd the conscience of the Count of Candalle his son by inducing him to abjure his Religion and to professe theirs Espernon was commanded to wave that quarrel and to come to assist against the Princes divers others were wrought upon to abandon their party amongst the rest the Duke of Nevers was much sought and he refusing he was accus'd to have said That he was descended of a better House then the Queen Mother which he utterly disavowed and offer'd to combat the raiser of that report in Duel The obloquy and hatred of Ancre encreased daily and the executing of Colonel Stuard and Hurtevant with erecting of new gibets in divers places about Paris and one upon the new Bridge hard by the Louure in terrorem all which was imputed to the Marshall of Ancre exasperated the humors of the Parisians against him more and more in so much that it was an easie thing to be a Prophet what would become of him Luynes with others at Court infusd daily new thoughts of diffidence of him into the young King who had taken exception at some personall comportment of his by putting on his Hat when he play'd with him at Biliards so in a close Cabinet consultation twixt the King Luynes and Vitry who was Captain of his Guard the King gave him command to seize upon the said Marshall of Ancre and in case of resistance to kill him The businesse was carried wonderfull close and two dayes after the Marshall entring the Louure Vitry was prepar'd with his guard about him and while the Marshall was reading of a Letter Vitry comes and grapples him by the shoulder and told him he was commanded by the King to arrest him Me said Ancre yes you by the death of God mort Dieu repli'd Vitry hereupon Ancre laying his hand upon his sword to deliver it as most thought Vitry with a loud voyce cri'd out Kill him thereupon he received three Pistols shots into his body and was presently dispatch'd Vitry with naked sword in his hand cri'd out that none should stir For he had executed but the Kings commands Hereupon those hundred gentlemen which had attended the Marshall that morning to the Queens Court where he was us'd to go the back way slunk away and not one drawn sword appear'd amongst them The King being above in a gallery and hearing a noise below ask'd what the matter was one answerd that the Marshall of Ancre was kill'd and being told the manner he said I will make good what Vitry hath done and giving a caper he said I am now King of France I have no competitor Vitry presently after broke into Leonora's chamber Ancres wife seiz'd upon her person upon all her Trunks and Cabinets where in gold and jewels there was the value of above an hundred thousand pounds sterling Her Chamber was next the Queen Mothers who sending in for Vitry ask'd him without any shew of dismay whether he had kill'd the Marshall Yes Madame said he and why because the King had commanded me Ancres body was buried in a little Church hard by the Louure and stones laid and flatted upon the grave but the next morning the laquays of the Court and rabble of the City came and digg'd up his coffin toare his winding sheet and dragg'd his body through the gutters and hang'd it upon the new gibet which he had commanded to be set up upon the new bridge where they cut off his nose eares and genitories which they sent for a Present to the Duke of Mayne at Soissons and nayl'd his eares to the gates of Paris the rest of his body was burn'd and part of the ashes hurl'd into the river and part into the ayer His wife was then imprison'd search'd and raz'd for a Witch though little or no proofs God wot were produc'd against her only that she employ'd some Jews as also that she had bewitch'd a Spanish Ginet the Duke of Mayn had at Soissons which he should have mounted one morning but Mounsier Maurice his son who was Keeper of one of the chiefest Academies of Paris riding him before and the Horse having pranc'd and curvetted a good while under him he suddenly fell gave a grone and so breath'd his last and the Rider was taken up for dead and continued in a sleepy trance 48. houres together So she was also executed afterwards and the difference twixt her husband and her was this that she had the favor to dye after Sentence was given and he before for his indictment was made after his death and then his sentence pass'd when he was in tother world Thus Conchino Conchini a Florentin born Marquis of Ancre and Marshall of France was demolish'd or rather extinguish'd in a most disastrous manner and his wife Leonora Galligay beheaded who shew'd a notable Roman resolution at the block their estate which was not above four thousand pound sterling per an was given to Luynes most part of it They left one only male child who being young was sent to Italy where he lives to this day in a Noble equippage by the title of Earl of Pena though pronounced ignoble in France by an arrest of the Court of Parliament A stout man this Marquis of Ancre was a good Soldier and a compleat Courtier he was endowed with divers good parts only he wanted moderation and therein he did degenerat from an Italian There were divers censures abroad of this act of the young Kings and indeed it was the worst thing he did in all his life being an act fitter for the Seraglio then his Castle of the Louure for the wisest sort of men wonder'd that he should stain the walls of his Court with a Christians bloud in that manner without any legall proceeding against the party He sent Letters to the severall Princes that were in arms to content them as also to satisfie the world and all of them of this tenor following My Cousin I doubt not but in the cours of affairs which have pass'd since the death of the late King my Lord and Father whom God absolve you have observ'd how the Marshall of Ancre and his wife abusing my minority and the power which they acquir'd upon the spirit of the Queen my Mother have projected to usurp all authority to dispose absolutly of all matters of State and to deprive me of the means to take cognisance of mine own affairs a dessein which they have push'd on so far that hitherto there hath remain'd unto me but the sole name of a King and that it was a kind of capital crime for my Officers and subjects to have acces unto me and to entertain me with any serious discours which it pleasing God to make me perceive and to point out the danger which my Person and State
the States Generall which is next the Clergie and for delivering of Opinions the King inordred that in matters concerning the Church the Clergie should vote first in matters of War the Nobles in matters of Law the Officers of Justice in matters of the Revenue of the Crown the Exchequer men and Financiers In this Assembly were agitated and concluded many wholsome things First 1. That the Secret affairs of State be communicated to few and those of known probity and prudence for fear of discovery 2. That the expence of the Kings House and the salary of Military men be regulated 3. That Pensions be retrench'd 4. That a course be taken to regulat gifts and rewards which are to be made in silver 5. That it be illegal to sell any Offices in the Kings House in War or Government 6. That reversion of Offices and Benefices be restrain'd because it gives occasion to attempt upon the life 's of the living Incumbents and takes away the Kings Liberty to advance persons of merit taking also from the persons themselfs the encouragement of doing better by hope of advancement 7. That the Annuel right be suppress'd 8. That the venality of Offices be prohibited 9. That small wrangling Courts and the number of Pettifoggers be retrench'd and that all causes be brought to the Soverain Courts These in grosse were the Results of this Assembly which proceeded with a great deal of harmony the King himself was present most of the time and in his absence Monsieur presided There pass'd also a Law to permit the Jesuits to open their Colledg of Clermont in Paris and to endoctrinat young youth in the Sciences But the Universitie of Paris to make this Edict illusory made two Decrees by the first it was ordred that none should be admitted to the course of Theologie unlesse he have studied three yeers under the public Professors of the Faculty of Theologie in Sorbon and that he be put to his oath not to have studied in any other Colledg The second was A prohibition to all Principals of Colledges for admitting any but those that go to the Lectures of the Professors of the said Universitie and that none shall enjoy the Priviledges of Scholarity if he studieth not under those Professors An indifferent moderat man said that there was no way to end this quarrell but that the Jesuits might be united to the body of the Universitie and so submit themselfs entirely to their Laws and Ordinances We will conclude this lustre with a horrible fire that hapned in the Citie of Paris in the chief Palace of Iustice it rag'd most in the great Hall where the Lawyers and Counsellors use to meet where also the Statues of the Kings of France are set up and are rank'd according to the times of their raign in excellent Sculpture all which were utterly reduc'd to cendres with the Table of Marble about which the Judges were us'd to sit The cause of this fire is to this day unknown but it might be very well interpreted to be a visible judgment from heaven upon that place and Palace for the hard measure of Justice the Marshall of Ancre and his Lady had received a little before Which makes me call to mind a Latin verse I have read upon a Stat-House in Delph in Holland which had bin burnt in like maner and reedified not one other house about it receiving any hurt Cive quid invito proh sola redarguit usta Haec Domus illaesis aliis Discite Iustitiam moniti non temnere Divos An end of the second Lustre The third Lustre of the Raign of Lewis the thirteenth VVE ended the last Lustre with the end of the old Palace of Justice in Paris by an unknown furious fire which made the disaster more horrid We will begin this with bone-fires of joy for the Mariage of the Lady Christina second daughter of Henry the Great to the Prince of Piedmont who came in Person to Paris to do his own busines he comported himself with that addresse that politenes that bravery of spirit accompagnied with such gentlenes that he gain'd much upon the French Nation The busines was not long a finishing for Henry the Great was well pleas'd with an ouverture that had bin made formerly by the said Prince for the Eldest daughter who was maried to Spain She had for her Dower 1200. thousand French liures which comes to one hundred and twenty thousand pound sterling besides the rich jewels she caried with her The Queen Mother was all this while at Blois and som ombrages of distrust hung 'twixt the King and her for the Bishop of Lucon being by command removed from her Mounsieur Roissy was sent expresly by the King to attend her whom the Queen took to be no other then a kind of Spy to watch over her actions nor was she invited to the marriage of her daughter which was solemniz'd at Paris and with this mariage it seems the King did consummat his own by bedding with the Queen his wife which he had not done since he had maried her at Burdeaux almost four yeers before where he lay with her only two hours and though this was done for fear it should hinder his growth and enervat his strength yet there were some whispers that it was done with an intent to be divorc'd from her and Luynes was blamed for it Hereupon he finding the King one night inclinable took him out of his bed in his armes and casting his night-gown over him he carried him to the Queens bed The Nuncio and Spanish Ambassador were so joy'd at this that they presently dispatch'd expresses to carry the news and bonefiers were made thereupon both in Rome and Madrid for there were some surmises abroad that so long a separation from bed would turn in time to an aversion which might draw after it a repudiation and so a divorce While the King was thus confirming his own and celebrating his sisters Nuptialls in Paris there were tydings brought that his Mother got out of Blois Castle and was convey'd away secretly in the night through a window which was towards the moate where she glided down a good height upon a counter scarp and so made an escape The King had sent Father Arnoul the director of his conscience a little before under colour of complement to visit her but the design was to draw from her a solemn oath that she would not come to the Kings Court without his preadvertisement and approbation which oath she took upon the Evangelists He sent her also word that he and the Prince of Piemont now her son in law would come to visit her but she knew well enough how matters were carried at Court and so she gave little credit to those endearments fearing there was too strong a drug under the pill Her escape was trac'd by Espernon the little Gascon Duke who had bin from the beginning a great servant of Ladies there had bin divers clashings and counterbuffs
in his Palace at Theobalds A little before he broak out into a very passionate Speech to his Lords of the Counsel of the King of France saying My Lords the King of France hath writ unto me that he is so far my friend that if ever I have need of him he will render me Offices in Person whensoever I shall desire him Truly he hath gain'd upon me more then any of his Predecessors and he may beleeve me that in any thing that shall concern him I will employ not only my peoples lifes but mine own and whosoever of his subjects shall rise against him either Catholiks or others shall find me a party for him 'T is true if he be provok'd to infringe his Edicts I shall impart as much as in me lies by counsell and advice to prevent the inconveniences Then falling upon the perfections of Madame Henriette Marie he said pleasantly When she is come over I will denounce war against her because she would not read my Letter nor my sons as I understand before she had first receiv'd command from the Queen her Mother yet I have cause to thank her because that after she had perus'd them she put mine in her cushionet and the other in her bosome intimating thereby that she would rely upon me for counsell and lodg my son in her heart King Iame's death retarded a while the proceedings of the Match for things were at a stand till his Exequies were pass'd which were perform'd with a Magnificence sutable to so great a King This Ceremony being ended a procuration was sent the Duke of Cheureuse from his Majesty of Great Britain to be contracted unto the Lady Henriette and then to marry her in his name which was done with extraordinary celebrity the one in the Louure the last in the great Church of Paris by the ministery of the Cardinall Rochefaucaud a little before there was a clash twixt him and the Bishop of Paris who urg'd it was his right to officiat in his own Church but the Cardinal being a Prince of the Church Universall being also gran Almoner which makes him chief Clark of the Court and Cardinal Richelieu who had now the greatest stroak in the State favoring his own habit and the Hat more then the Mitre the Cardinal carried the day This solemnity was perform'd to the very height of greatnes and splendor and such was the bravery of the English Ambassadors the Earls of Carlile and Holland that they seem'd to outshine the French that day in their own Sphere One half of the dowry had bin delivered before upon the Contract which was in all as was said before eight hundred thousand crowns and it was more then the eldest Sister had by two hundred thousand crowns and double as much as the second had the one having but six hundred thousand the other but foure hundred thousand crowns to their portions The Contract and Mariage being thus finish'd the Duke of Buckingham came a fortnight after with admired gallantry to demand the Queen of Great Britain for the King his Master and to attend and conduct her over to England The Queen Mother accompagnied her as far as Amiens Monsieur her Brother to Bullen whence a Fleet of twenty Galeons Royall transported her to Dover This was the eighth Nuptiall conjunction of the Rose and Flowerdeluce that hath happend 'twixt England and France The first was in the yeer 900. 'twixt Charles the First of France and the Lady Ogine daughter to Edward the old King of England 120. yeers before the Norman conquest The second twixt Henry the Third of England and Margaret daughter to Lewis the Seventh of France The third was between Edward the First of England and the Lady Margaret daughter to Philip the Hardy of France The fourth 'twixt Edward the Second of England and Isabel daughter to Philip the Faire The fifth was 'twixt Richard the Second of England and Elizabeth daughter to Charles the Sixth The sixth 'twixt Henry the Fifth of England and Catherin daughter also to Charles the Sixth of France The seventh was 'twixt Lewis the twelfth of France and Mary daughter to Henry the Seventh of England The eighth was this 'twixt Charles Stuard Prince of Wales and Henriette Marie of Bourbon youngest daughter to Henry the Great so in these eight Matches England hath had six daughters of France and France two of Englands As soon as this great Nuptiall pompe was pass'd there came tydings that Soubize upon a new discontent of them of the Religion had a great Fleet of ships at Sea and surpriz'd the Port of Blauet in Britany which is a faire and large Haven deposited to the Spaniard in time of the Ligue and restored to Henry the Great at the peace at Vervins Soubize enterd the Haven with eleven Sayle of men of War and took and carried away six great ships whereof some belong'd to the Duke of Nevers This rendred them of the Religion powerfull at Sea and because their Ships might have choise of harbors they seiz'd upon the Islands of Re and Oleron where they began to fortifie Soubize sayles up the Garond towards Bourdeaux with a Fleet of seventy sayles of all sort which made him Master of the Sea and landing a considerable number of land forces at the land of Medoc they of Bourdeaux joyning with Toiras sent him a shipboard again with losse and so he return'd to Rochell A little after he sets out to Sea again and takes divers prises extremely interrupting all traffic on those Coasts Hereupon the King sent to the Hollander to hyre twenty Sayle of men of War according to the late Treaty which were accordingly sent him under Admirall Hauthain These joyning with another Fleet of the Duke of Monmorency made a considerable naval power Monmorency was very eagar to set upon Soubize and the Rochell Fleet but he found the Hollanders bacward and cold being charm'd by Letters and a Remonstance annexed unto it sent to Hauthain by two French Ministers and two Dutch Merchants from Rochell wherein they made piteous complaint that the King had performed little or nothing at all of the Treaty before Montpellier and that the utter ruine of the whole body of the Religion which was the same with that of Holland was intended therefore they did efflagitat and conjure the said Admiral Hauthain to lay his hand on his heart and conscience and not to contribute to so damnable a dessein This Remonstrance wrought much upon Hauthain and Dorp his Vice-Admiral in so much that he publiquely declar'd unto the Duke of Monmorency that he had Commission in expresse termes from his Masters the States to reduce Monsieur Soubize to his duty either by reason or force that he understood how he was ready to conforme himself to the first and to that effect he and his Brother the Duke of Rohan with other Towns of their party had Deputies employed to the King to desire Peace which was in a good forwardnes
staple of Sugars she urg'd also enhancement of toll new exactions and other pressures lastly she complain'd of strangers to be her Viceroys as Casimir the King of Polands brother was intended for her had he not bin intercepted in France In so much that it was easie for Spain to have bin a Prophetesse of this defection therefore her wonted policy and foresight was much questioned that she did not put out of the way and engage in some forren employment the Duke of Bragansa who was us'd to be perpetually almost at Madrid When the King of Spain told Olivares of this revolt and that there was a new King proclaim'd the Favorit slighted it saying Es Rey de havas Sir he is but a bean or twelfnight King but we find now he was far out of his account Never was there a generall Revolt perfected in so short a compasse of time for within lesse then a moneth Don Iohn of Bragansa was so settled in the Kingdomes of Portugall and the Algarves without any opposition at all or marke of strangenes as if he had bin King thereof twenty yeers together before The King of Spain writ a Letter to Bragansa now King to this effect Duke my Cosen some odd newes are brought me which I esteem folly considering the proof I have had of the fidelitie of your House Give me advertisement accordingly because I ought to expect it from you Do not draw a trouble upon your self and hazard not the esteem I make of your life to the fury of a mutinous rabble but let your wisdom comport you so that your person may escape the danger My counsell will advise you further So God keep you Your Cosen and King To which Letter this answer was return'd My Cosen my Kingdom desiring its naturall King and my subjects being oppressed with gabells and new impositions have executed without contradiction that which they had oft times attempted by giving me the possession of a Kingdom which appertains unto me Wherefore if any will go about to take it from me I will seek justice in my armes defence being permitted God preserve your Majesty Don Iohn the Fourth King of Portugall This put the King of Spain at such a stand having on both sides of him two sorts of subjects not onely risen up but quite cut off from him that as the Proverb runs in that Countrey he could not tell what wood to make his shafts of nor could Olivares which was held such a Santon know what Bead to pray upon or what Saint to addresse himself unto And certainly these were two mighty shocks to the Spanish Monarchy nor could they happen in a time more disadvantagious she having so many engagements abroad and having met with such ilfavor'd rancounters by Land and Sea of late yeers It is also considerable that this check at home befell her after well-neer an Age of a profound unshaken peace and desuetude of armes in Spain her self where civil war hath bin so great a stranger notwithstanding that she still bred soldiers abroad and found means to embroyle the world alwayes in some place or other Which makes some interpret this intestine war to be a visible iudgement fallen upon her from heaven for disturbing the peace of her neighbours But I have observ'd it to be the genius of a true Spaniard and I honour him for it not to bow and hang down his head like a bulrush at every puff of adverse Fortune nor to yeeld to the fury of the tempest but to rouse up his spirits more stiffly to resist Et contra audentior ire In this double trance the King was advis'd to apply his strength first to suppresse the Catalan the sturdy Montaneer and till that work were finish'd to stand onely upon the defensive part against Portugall who is not esteem'd so much a man Besides these disasters that befel the K. of Spain thus at his own doors he had another happen'd unto him in the Netherlands for his Brother Don Fernando the Cardinal Infante died in the beginning of his manhood at Brussells being of about the same age as his second Brother Don Carlos was of about 30. who died some yeers before the world did take occasion to wonder that these two Princes in the flower and prime vigour of their age should thus fall Don Carlos the yeer before he died desir'd of his brother to be Viceroy of Portugall which was denied him Moreover it was observ'd he drew more affection from the Spaniards in generall by the colour of his complection because he was black for one shall hear the people of Castillia sigh up and down and pray that God would please to send them a King once again of their own colour Moreover besides this popular affection he was extremely well beloved of the soldiers for whom he was alwayes ready to do good offices and they address'd themselves more to him then to any These circumstances made odd impressions in the minds of many which gave occasion of censuring and scattering of libells up and down touching his death whereof I thought it not impertinent to insert one here but not to impose a beleef upon the Reader thereby It was drop'd down in the Court at Brussels Fernando Carlos murió Y dizen fue su Homicida Quien a vos os desterró Lo que os aconsejo yo Es que a Bethlem no bolvais Hasta que muera Herodes Que la muerte os espera En la sombra que pisais Thus unspanioliz'd and rendred into English Charles died Fernando and they say He who Thee banish'd did him slay If to my Counsell thou give eare Again to Bethlem go not neare Till Herod's gone for death doth watch In thine own shadow Thee to catch This Revolt of Portugall was no great news to the French Cardinal who had his spirits walking there as well as in Barcelona and every where els He had this Spring wrought the Duke of Lorain to come to Paris where he arriv'd in indifferent good equippage considering how many bitter showers had fallen and weatherbeaten him before for he had arm'd five times upon severall desseins and Fortune alwayes frown'd upon him Which some hold to be a visible judgement fallen upon him as also that he is a kind of exile from his own ancient Princely inheritance for abandoning his first wife by whose right he came to the full and unquestionable possession of Lorain and cohabiting with another The King entertaines him with a magnificence sutable to his quality and the Cardinall is as busie as a Bee to give him all outward content The one sends him fifty thousand Pistols the other twenty thousand in a great bason When he came before the King he complemented for matters pass'd and kneeling twise the King takes him up telling him That he had forgotten all matters pass'd and for the future he would espouse his quarrells and interests and make them his own And so it seems he hath done for he hath so
Power of vertue in the Proem The Pope refuseth to excommunicat the new King of Portugall 133 Perpignan taken by the French 134 Pope Julius the second 's answer to justifie Churchmens taking up armes in the Proem Profane hyperbole's written of the Cardinal in the Proem Prophetic complement 'twixt Barberino the Pope's Nuncio and the Quene Mother 8 Presents given to the D. of Mayn in Spain being Ambassador 14 Predictions of Henry the Great 's death 4 Predictions of the Duke of Savoyes death 94 Princes daughters subject to a hard fate oft-times 32 The presence of Kings advantagious 20 Popes Generalls 8 Propositions in the Generall Assembly 41 Q Queen Mother of France dieth at Colen 133 A new Queen Regent of France 135 Queen of England receives English prisoners as presents from France 84 R Ravaillaks odd humors 4 Examined 7 His confession death and admired patience 8 Reasons why France broak with Spain in the Proem Reason of the Queen Mothers discontentment ibid. Reason of slownes of speech in Lewes the thirteenth 2 Of the Reformists of France 6 Richer the Syndic of Sorbon opposeth the Popes power 12 The Reformists get advantagious conditions at the Treaty of Lodun 33 A Repartie 'twixt the Spanish and French Ambassadors at Rome upon the Dauphins birth 1 The Reformists outrag'd and some kill'd coming from Charenton 57 The Reformists generally rise up 59 The Reformists generally submit 91 The Rochelers high comportmēt 52 Rochell pitifully complains to the King 69 Rochell besieged by the King in Person 85 Rochell submits her extremities 86 The Duke of Rohan hath privat intelligence with Spain his Agent taken and executed 69 He himself executed in Effigie in Tholouze 86 He was pensioner to the King of Spain and treats with him upon articles 87 His notable speeche to them of the Religion for peace 89 He is wounded before Rhinfeld whereof he dies and is buried at Geneva 118 Certain Rodomontados of the Spaniards 115 Stupendous Rain in Languedoc 105 S Santarellus Book burnt in Paris for hoising the Pope above the King 74 Count of Soissons kill'd neer Sedan 133 Difference 'twixt him and the Cardinal ibid. M. Soubize summond at Saint John d'Angely taken prisoner and releas'd 53 Puts himself in armes again and flies from Royan 59 He takes Blaret Ré and Oleron and hath 70. Sayles of Ships 67 Is beaten at Medoc 67 Flies to England and incites that King to war against France 68 Soubize pensioner to the King of Spain 88 The Spaniards bold speech to the Pope about the Valtoline 70 The Duke of Suillie's blunt answer to Hen. the Fourth about Religion 57 Stuard and Hurtevant executed 38 T Title of the Prince of Wales more ancient then Dauphin 2 The Treaty of Saint Menehou 19 Treaty of Querasque 97 Treaty of Lodun dishonorable to the King 33 Treaty of Monson 71 Trade interdicted 'twixt England and France 76 Tillemont and Diest taken by the French and Hollanders 111 A Trophey erected upon the Alps in honour of King Lewis 87 Pr Tomaso defeated at Avein by Chastillon 111 Prince Tomaso relieves Saint Omer 123 M. de Thermes with divers persons of quality kill'd before Clayrac 56 Trent Counsel refus'd to be publish'd in France and the reasons why 24 V The D. of Vendom apprehended in the Louure got away by a wile 18 His Letters refus'd to be answer'd by the Queen Regent 19 He refuseth to deliver up Blavet 20 Leavies men for the King and then turns them against him 29 D. de la Valette's brave speech before Fontarabia he flies to England is executed in Effigie in Paris 122 W Wars of Iuillers 10 War against the Reformists 51 War in the Valtolin 70 The last War against the Reformists 88 Wallesteins death much lamented by Richelieu A Armand Cardinal of Richelieu his breeding 155 His genealogy 166 His degree of rising 167 He crosseth the Alps in quality of Generalissimo 168 Divers attempts to kill him 169 His death 169 His testament 160 His titles ibid. His Character ibid. Censures upon him 166 Epitaphs good and bad upon him 178 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Junii 3. 1646. Imprimatur NA BRENT fourth Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1611. Anno 1611. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1617. Anno 1617. Anno 1617. Anno 1618. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1622. Anno 1623. Anno 1624. Anno 1624. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. 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