his End in the Flower of his Age by a very odd Accident in the Year 1498. for going out of a Door at Amboise where he then was to see 'em run at Tilts he struck his Forehead with that violence against the top of it as he was presently after seiz'd by an Apoplexy and fell down dead in the place § X. Wherefore we must look back to Lewis Duke of Orleans mention'd already by us in Sect. VIII Numb 2. This Prince took to Wife Valentine Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan who bare him this following Issue 1. Charles Duke of Orleans and Milan born 1391. 2. Philip deceased without Issue 1420. 3. Margaret born 1406. She married Richard of Bretagne Count d'Estampes and died 1464. 4. John Count d'Angouleme born 1404. of whom more in the next Section as being him in whose Issue the Descent of this Line was continu'd Charles the eldest of these three was taken Prisoner at the Battel of Agin Court and detain'd so in England for the space of five and twenty Years but in the end ransom'd and set at liberty by Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy His death which happened in 1465. was hastned by the Indignation he conceiv'd at having his Counsels despised and laugh'd at by King Lewis XI He was thrice married his first Wife being Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France the Relict of Richard II. King of England his second Bona Daughter of Bernhard Count d'Armanac and his third Mary Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves By these he had four Children 1. Joan married to John Duke of Alençon 2. Lewis XII King of France 3. Mary married to John de Foix Viscount Narbon deceased 1493. 4. Anne Lady Abbess of Tonteurault Lewis XII was advanc'd to the Throne on the death of Charles VIII without Issue and Crown'd 1498. A merciful and gracious Prince sparing of the Money and Blood of his Subjects and therefore very dear to his People and styled by 'em The Father of his Country Yet was he unfortunate through the whole course of his Life witness Thuanus's History lib. 1. His first Wife was Joan Daughter of King Lewis XI a crooked and deform'd Person forced on him notwithstanding his aversion to her and all the Protestations imaginable against the injury done him by the King her Father in hopes of her proving barren Wherefore having obtain'd the Crown he divorc'd her See Im. Hoff. Geneal Gal. in Vitâ Ludov. XII and substituted in her room Anne the Relict of his Predecessor Charles VIII After whose decease he married a third time viz. Mary Daughter of Henry VII King of England nevertheless all his Male Issue died young so that he had only two Daughters namely 1. Claudia born 1499. married to Francis I. King of France And 2. Renata born 1509. married to Hercules Duke of Ferrara § XI Wherefore John Count d'Angoulesme must again appear brought already on the Stage in the last Section Numb 4. He was left in England by his Brother Charles with King Henry V. as a Pledge for an Hundred thousand Crowns and not dismissed 'till thirty Years after During which stay in England he wholly applied himself to the study of Learning and true Piety in which he made so good progress as to be held worthy by the Council of Constance of the Papal Chair which Dignity he nevertheless refused that he might not incense his Prince King Charles VII who was a great Stickler for the deposed Pope Eugenius IV. He married Margaret Daughter of Alan IX Viscount Roban who bore him a Son named Charles Count d'Angoulesme who took to Wife Aloisia Daughter of Philip Count de Bresse afterwards Duke of Savoy by whom he had a Son called Francis born Sept. 12. 1494. This Francis succeeded Lewis XII upon his dying without Issue Male and was Crown'd King of France 1515. He was very prone to Venery and Lewdness which brought him into many and great Inconveniencies He lost the Dutchy of Milan In 1515. the first Year he came to the Crown he overthrew the Swiss at the Battel of Marignan He had great Wars with the Emperour Charles V. by whom he was beaten at the Battel of Pavie in the Year 1525. and being taken Prisoner therein was sent to Madrid Being again set at liberty he began the War afresh but with no better success for in this second War he was wholly beaten out of Italy He had likewise War with Henry VIII King of England which ended in the Year 1546. He was a great Lover of Learning and learned Men whom he advanc'd and had in great esteem He was the first that brought the Custom of selling Offices and Preferments into France He finally abolish'd the Pragmatick Sanction and agreed to the Concordat Moreover he granted Annats to the Pope of Rome His Queens were Claudia Daughter to his Predecessor Lewis XII and Eleanor Daughter of Philip I. King of Spain which last died in the Year 1558. he himself in 1547. leaving Issue a Son and two Daughters The Son was Henry II. of whom in the next Section The Daughters 1. Magdalen married to James V. King of Scotland And 2. Margaret married to Charles Duke of Alençon and after his decease to Henry II King of Navarre § XII Henry II. succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in 1547 8. He was of a generous Disposition a courageous and warlike Prince He took Metz Toul and Verdun from the Germans and overthrew the Emperour Charles V. in a Field Battel He likewise beat the English out of all their footing in France by taking Calice yet was defeated by the Spaniard with a vast slaughter of his Men at the Battel of St. Quintin Designing to Honour his Sister Margaret's Birth-Day with Festivals and a Tournament in which he would run himself he commanded the Count de Montgomery to run against him as he did but in the Course the Count's Spear shiver'd in pieces and an unlucky Splinter thereof wounded the King so grievously in the Eye that he died within a few Days after July 10. 1559. His Queen was Catharine de Medices Daughter of Laurence Duke of Urbin who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Francis II. who indeed succeeded him but did not long survive him for he was Crown'd King Sept. 8. O.S. 1559. and died Decemb. 5. the Year following He was married to Mary Stuart Daughter of James V. King of Scotland but left no Issue by her 2. Elizabeth or Isabella born 1545. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1559. deceased 1568. 3. Claudia married Feb. 5. 1559. to Charles II. Duke of Lorrain deceased 1575. 4. Lewis deceased an Infant 5. Charles IX born 1550. his Brother's Successor Crown'd King May 15. 1561. His Reign is infamous for the many bloody Battels for the daily Sieges and Sackings of Towns and Cities for the Devastations of Provinces and Slanghters of the Inhabitants occasion'd by the Civil War that then rag'd in France but above all for the barbarous
Matthias King of Hungary In his Reign PRINTING was first found out the League of Schwaben confirm'd and Constantinople taken by the Turks His Empress was Eleanor Daughter to Edward King of Portugal who bore him five Children whereof Christopher John and Helena died in their Infancy The two that surviv'd were Cunigunda given in Marriage to Albert the Fourth Duke of Bavaria and Maximilian the First in whom the House of Austria was preserv'd was born at Naples in the Year 1459. From his Infancy he pronounc'd his Words with so much difficulty that he was judged by most little better than dumb which Imperfection he so far master'd in the end that he became famous for his Eloquence He was of a generous Disposition and a great Lover of learned Men. He was often under very dangerous Circumstances but always surmounted 'em happily in the end In 1486. he was elected King of the Romans his Father Frederick being yet alive He refus'd to be Crown'd by the Pope but pretended to the Papal Dignity himself In short he magnified Justice loved Humility exercised Clemency and took much pains in searching out the Original of his Family In his Reign the Reformation was set on foot by Luther the Imperial Chamber instituted the Empire divided into Circles Vienna restor'd to the House of Austria and Burgundy and the Provinces of the Low Countries annexed to the same Family The Consorts of his Bed and Fortunes were Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Charles Duke of Burgundy and after her Blanche Mary Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan By the first he had Issue Margaret who after many turns of Fortune was in the end made Governess of the Netherlands and died 1530. And Philip a Prince worthy the noblest Character of whom more immediately in the next Section As for Maximilian being full of Days and Content he piously and peaceably departed this Life on the Twelfth of Jan. 1519. § VII Philip the First styled The Delight of Mankind first saw the Light in 1478. At three Years old he was installed Knight of the Golden Fleece At seventeen his Father gave him the Government of the Low Countries and Burgundy In 1496. he married the Princess Johanna eldest Daughter and Heiress of his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain in whose Right he became immediately possess'd of the Kingdoms of Arragon and Castile But he was not long to preside over so many and so great Provinces being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1506. and the 28th of his Age nevertheless having first seen himself Father of a fair Issue by his most beloved Consort Queen Joan. The Daughters were 1. Eleanor married first to Emanuel King of Portugal and after his decease to Francis the First King of France 2. Isabella married to Christianus the Second King of Denmark which prov'd a very unhappy Match She died in the Low-Countries An. 1525. 3. Margaret married to Lewis the Infant King of Hungary and after his unhappy death made Governess of the Netherlands 4. Catharine born after her Father's decease betrothed to John Frederick Elector of Saxony but afterwards married to John the Third King of Portugal His Sons were Charles the Fifth and Ferdinand the First betwixt which two Princes there was a Division of the Provinces whence the House of Austria became likewise divided into the Spanish and German Lines And first for the Spanish Of the Spanish Line § VIII THe Author whereof was Charles the Fifth born at Gaunt in Flanders in 1500. At fourteen Years old he had the Government of the Netherlands given him at sixteen he was Crown'd King of Spain at nineteen elected Emperour and Crown'd the Year following at Aix la Chapelle In 1521. he held his first Dyet at Wormes He had very great Wars with Francis the First King of France whom he defeated and made Prisoner in the Year 1525. He likewife seized Rome and besieged the Pope in his Castle there and annexed the Dutchy of Milan for ever to his House In 1532. at a Dyet then held at Ratisbonne the Protestaut Confession of Faith was exhibited and publickly read before him Some Years after he had Wars with the Protestants wherein he took John Frederick Elector of Saxony Prisoner in 1545. and thereupon transferred the Electoral Dignity from him to Maurice Duke of Saxony He likewise caused Philip Landtgrave of Hesse to be put in custody yet in the end concluded the Peace of Passaw with those of that Religion in 1552. Three Years after he abdicated the Government leaving the Empire to his Brother Ferdinand and the Kingdom of Spain with the Low-Countries and its other Dependencies to his Son Philip. After his Abdication he retired to a Cloyster in St. Justus's Monastery in Spain where having spent about two or three Years he piously and peaceably ended his days 1558. leaving Issue by Isabel Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal one Son and two Daughters viz. Mary married to the Emperour Maximilian the Second Joanna to John Infant of Portugal and Philip the Second of whom more in the next Section Besides these he had one natural Daughter named Margaret begotten on Madamoiselle de Plumbes and married to Alexander de Medices Duke of Urbin and after his decease to Octavio Farnesse Duke of Parma As also a Son by Madamoselle de Blomberg namely the most Valiant and Renowned Hero Don John of Austria § IX But to return into our way The only Heir of Charles the Fifth was Philip the Second born 1527. made King of Sicily and Naples 1543. King of England and Ireland in right of his Wife 1554. Lord of the Low-Countries and Duke of Milan 1555. and last of all King of Spain 1556. He obtain'd the famous Victory of St. Quintin over the French but soon after lost Calice to them He was Author of the Spanish Inquisition Moreover he lost seven of the Low-Country Provinces as also the famour Armada sent against the English In 1580. he overcame the Kingdom of Portugal and by force of Arms caused himself to be Crown'd King thereof His first Queen was Mary Daughter to John the Third King of Portugal his second another Mary Daughter to Henry the Eighth King of England and then Queen of that Kingdom his third Isabella or Elizabeth a Daughter of Henry the Second's King of France and his fourth Anne Daughter of the Emperour Maximilian the Second By the first he had Prince Charles born 1565. deceased in Prison 1568. By the third Isabella Clara Eugenia born 1566. married to Albert the Seventh of Austria deceased 1633. and Catharine born 1567. and married to Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy on the Eleventh of March 1585. By the last a Son of his own Name viz. Philip the Third born 1578. in whose Issue the Spanish Line was continued He succeeded his Father in his Kingdoms in 1598. And in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors and Jews out of Spain His death bears date 1621. His Queen was Margaret Daughter
it and wrote himself LORD thereof He suffered much by his Sons Henry and Richard The former broke with him 1173. and died 1183. his Father living The other combin'd with the King of France against him 1188. in which also he engag'd his Brother John which so struck to his Heart that he died of Grief in Normandy and rather burst than bow'd to Fortune July 9. 1189. in the Sixty first Year of his Age and Thirty fourth of his Reign His Wife was Eleanor Daughter of William Duke of Acquitain divorc'd from Lewis VII King of France by whom he had three Daughters 1. Maud married to Henry Duke of Saxony 2. Eleanor to Alphonso VIII King of Castile 3. Joan to William King of Sicily And six Sons 1. William who died young 2. Henry of whom before married to Margaret Daughter of Lewis VII King of France but died without Issue 3. Richard who succeeded his Father born 1155. 4. Jeoffry Earl of Britain married to Constance Daughter of Conan Earl of Richmond by whom he had Arthur Earl of Britain Angiers and Richmond 5. Philip who died young 6. John who succeeded his Brother Richard His Natural Sons 1. William surnam'd Longespee or Long-sword Earl of Salisbury in right of his Wife Ela Daughter and Heir of William Earl of that Place 2. Jeoffry Archbishop of York who after a five Years banishment by his Brother King John died 1213. Both by Rosamond 3. Morgan Provost of Beverly Bishop Elect of Durham By the Lady Blewet VI. Richard I. born at Oxford 1155. surnam'd Coeur de Lycn succeeded his Father and was Crown'd Septemb. 3. 1189. He made an Expedition into the Holy Land the same Year and in his return through Austria was imprison'd by the Emperour Henry VI. to whom he resign'd his Crown nor yet discharged without the payment of 100000 Marks which was accepted notwithstanding the large Profers of the King of France and his Brother John to have him detain'd Upon his coming home he was Crown'd a second time and made War with France where he was slain with a barbed Arrow by one Bertram at the Siege of Chalons in Limosin April 6. 1199. in the Forty fourth Year of his Age and Ninth of his Reign He had to Wife Beringuel Daughter of the King of Navarre but died without Issue After him VII John surnamed Sans Terre born 1166. youngest Son of Henry II. notwithstanding the just Right of Arthur his elder Brother's Son by the means of Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury obtain'd the Crown and was Crown'd by him upon Ascension day 1199. On this Arthur made War upon him in Anjou besieged Mirabel defended by Eleanor Mother of King John who raised the Siege defeated Arthur took him Prisoner and had him murdered in Prison 1202. He lost at that time Normandy to the King of France who took part with Arthur after a Three hundred Years possession by his Ancestors Upon the death of Hubert Stephen Langton a Cardinal being impos'd on him for Archbishop of Canterbury is refus'd by him 1207. The Monks of Canterbury accept him the King expels them as Traitors The Kingdom is interdicted 1208. himself excommunicated 1210. and his Kingdom given to the King of France 1213. He submits and surrenders his Kingdoms of England and Ireland to Pope Innocent III. and became his Feudatory for them at the yearly Tribure of a thousand Marks payable to the said Pope and his Successors does Homage and Fealty for them to Pandulphus his Legate gives up his Crown to him and receives it again two days after This Charter bore date May 15. 1213. and was casually lost by fire at the Council of Lyons but never were any Monies paid upon it or ever demanded since 1366. 40th Edward III. at what time also it was refused He was absolv'd from his Excommunication the same Year and the King of France upon pain of like Excommunication forbidden to proceed further against him as having submitted himself to the Church and the Jurisdiction which had now lasted six Years or better releas'd Yet his Barons cease not to infest him and force two Charters from him to wit Magna Charta and Charta de Foresta 1214 which the Pope nulls and excommunicates the Barons They on the other hand bring in Lewis the King of France his Son who landed May 1. 1216 whom Guallo the Pope's Legate excommunicates In 1210. he erected the Mayoralty of London and further granted to them to have two Sheriffs and a Common Council And notwithstanding all Turmoils at home setled Ireland and brought the English Laws and Coin into that Kingdom and died Octob. 19. 1216. in the Fifty first Year of his Age and Seventeenth of his Reign and as some have said by Poison He had three Wives his first was Alice Daughter of Hubert Earl of Morton He was divorc'd from his second the Daughter of Robert Earl of Gloucester upon the score of Consanguinity and married Isabel Daughter and Heir of Ailmer Earl of Angolesme by whom only he had Issue three Daughters and two Sons His Daughters 1. Joan married to Alexander II. King of Scots 2. Eleanor to William Earl of Pembroke and afterwards to Simon de Montford Earl of Leicester 3. Isabella to the Emperour Frederick II. His Sons 1. Henry who succeeded him in the Kingdom 2. Richard Earl of Cornwal Crown'd King of the Romans 1257. died 1274. As also three Natural Children 1 Joan married to Llewellin Prince of Wales 2. Jeoffry Fitz-Roy who serv'd in France 3. Richard who married the Daughter and Heir of Fulbert de Dover VIII To him succeeded Henry III. born 1208. Crown'd in nine days after the death of his Father and committed to the Tutelage of William Earl of Pembroke Great Marshal of England by whose prudent Management several of the most eminent Barons for sook Lewis and return'd to their Allegiance and with the rest of the Kingdom that stood firm to their young King drove him from place to place and at last gave him a total Rout upon which he came to an Accord and quitted the Kingdom In the Ninth of his Reign he confirm'd the Charters granted by his Father which afterwards he endeavour'd to rescind as done in his minority The most of his Reign was full of Troubles with his Barons headed by the late mention'd Simon de Montfort a French Exile but got into that favour that he was made Earl of Leicester and married the King's Sister as before yet with the Earl of Gloucester and others he fights the King at a place call'd Lewis where they made him and Prince Edward his Son Prisoners 1264. They quarrel about the Dividend The Prince makes his escape 1265. Gloucester joyns him and gives Leicester Battel in which the latter is slain After which the King liv'd seven Years approv'd himself a wise Prince and died Nov 16. 1272. in the Sixty fifth Year of his Age and Fifty sixth of his Reign He had to Wife Eleanor second Daughter of Raymond Earl of
King Edward's Assistance recovers it and does him Homage and swears Fealty for it 1333. And now there happening some disgust between him and Philip de Valois King of France he bethinks himself of his Title to thâ— Crown in right of Isabel his Mother 〈◊〉 which the Banishment of Robert de Artois by King Philip his Brother who fled for safety to him gave him a fair Opportunity Nor was he wanting to it for he not only receiv'd him joyâ—ully but made him Earl of Richmend and of his Council 1336. which he liv'd not long to enjoy for after six years serving him in France he was wounded at the Siege of Vanner and brought to England where he died 1342. The Year following he instituted the Order of the Garter and created his eldest Son Edward Prince of Wales In July 1346. he enters Normandy with a mighty Army and takes the Prince with him who not full Sixteen fought the Battel of Cressy in Picardy on St. Bartholomew's Day the same Year and obtain'd so great a Victory that Callice was forthwith besieg'd and surrender'd Aug. 3. 1347. On which the King took the Title and Arms of France and return'd for England where the Prince Electors signifie to him That they had chosen him King of the Romans which he refused In the Year 1356. the Prince goes over again fights the Battel of Poictiers in Poictou and takes John the French King Prisoner Septemb 19. the same Year Returns for England brings the said King with him whence he was not deliver'd 'till 1360. at what time an Accord had been made on his behalf at Britigny near Chartres During this Cessation with France the Prince of Wales accompanied with his Brother John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster relieves Peter King of Castile and Leon expuls'd by his Bastard-Brother Henry and restor'd him 1367. But little of the Accord with France being perform'd the King upon his return sends the Prince into Acquitain and in a short time the said Duke John and his younger Brother Edmond Earl of Cambridge to aid him to whom his Health failing him he left the profecution of the War and return'd himself 1371. Nor did his Brother John much after him save that coming for England he by reason of the Prince's sickness wholly manag'd his aged Father which being taken notice of by some of the Prince's Friends he is banâ—â—â—'d the Court Not long after which the Prince died 1375 being the Forty ninth of his Father's Reign and Forty sixth of his Age. His Wise was Joan Daughter of Edmond Earl of Kent his Father's Brother by whom he had 1. Edward born at Angoulesm and died young 2. Richard born at Bourdeaux who succeeded his Grandfather As also two Natural Sons 1. Sir John Sounder 2. Sir Reger Clarendon put to death by Henry IV. for endeavouring the Restauration of his said Brother Richard 1402. And now after the Prince's death the Duke of Lancaster came in play again and openly favour'd John Wickliffe to the great disturbance of the State and therefore lest he might do by Richard of Bâ—urdeaux as Earl John had done by his Nephew Arthur the King providently setled the Succession in Parliament upon the said Richard creating him first Earl of Cheste and Câ—rnwal and then Prince of Wales and died June 21. 1377. in the Sixty fourth Year of his Age and Fiftieth of his Reign He had to Wise Philippa of Haynault who bore him Have Daughters 1. Isabel married to Ingelram Lord of Coueâ— Earl of Sâ—â—â—â—â—ns and Bedford afterwards Archduke of Austria 2. Joan to Alphonso II. of Castile by Proxy but die before it was consummated 3. Mary to John Menserd Duke of Bretagne 4. Margaret to John Hastings Earl of Pembrâ—â—â— but died without Issae 5. Also another Daughter Blanch who died young And seven Sons 1. Edward surnamed The Black Prince of whom before 2. William surnamed Of Hatfield the Place of his Birth He died young 3. Lionel born at Antwerp 1338. made Earl of Ulster in Ireland in right of his Wise Elizabeth Daughter of William Burgh Earl of Ulster with whom also he had the Honour of Clare in the County of Thoumond in that Kingdom and thence created Dake of Clarence She brought him one Daughter only Philippa married to Edmond Mortimer Eail of March Mother of Reger Earl of March Father of Anne Countess of Cambridge Grandmother of King Edward IV. 4 John surnamed Of Gaunt where he was hom 1342. Created Duke of Lancaster 1352. He had three Wives 1. Blanch Daughter and Heir of Henry Earl of Lancaster Son of Edmond Crouch back youngest Son of King Henry III. as before by whom he had Henry of Bullenbrook Earl of Derby who usurp'd upon Richard II. and was the first of the Lancastrian Kings His second Wise was Constance eldest Daughter of Peter King of Castile and Leon in whose Right he bore the same Title and had by her Catharine whose Posterity became Kings of Spain in her Right His third Wife was Catharine Widow of Sir Hugh Swinford an English Knight eldest Daughter and Co heir of Pain Red Guien King at Arms her younger Sifter married Sir Jeoffry Chaucer the English Laureat He had by her before Marriage several Children surnamed De Beaufort from a Castle of his in France of that Name where they were born In regard of which they gave a Portcullis for their Cognisance and were all of them legitimated in Parliament 1397. with this Clause nevertheless Excepting the Reg Dignity As 1. John first Knighted and afterwards created Earl of Somerset 1398. 2. Henry afterwards Bishop of Winchester Cardinal of St. Eusebius and Chancellor of England 3. Thomas first created Earl of Dorset 1398. and afterwards Duke of Exeter 1414. 4. And one Daughter Joan first married to Ralph Nevil Baron of Wemm created afterwards the first Earl of West mâ—rland And after him to Robert Ferrers Lord of Owseley 5. Edmond of Langley born 1342. created Earl of Cambridge 1362. Duke of York 1386. He was the first that gave the White Rose and died 1402. His Wife was Isabella youngest Daughter of the said Peter King of Castile by whom he had Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cambridge married to Anne Mortimer Daughter of Roger Earl of March by whom he had Richard Duke of York slain at the Battel of Wakefield 1460. Father of 1. Edward Duke of York who recover'd the Crown from King Henry VI. 2. George Duke of Clarence 3. Richard Duke of Gloucester afterwards King 6. William of Windsor who died young 7. Thomas of Woodstock a Man valiant and wise He was created Earl of Buckingham 1376. then Duke of Gloucester by Richard II. and at last treacherously made away some say strangled at Callice 1397. XII Richard II. born at Bourdeaux 1367. succeeded his Grandfather and was Crown'd July 16. 1377. in the 11th Year of his Age. The Care of him was first committed to certain Bishops and Earls and lastly to Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick 1379. In the Year 1382.
John Ball a Priest and Disciple of Wickliffe with one Watt Tyler a Taylor and others work the Common People into a Rebellion murder Simon de Sudbury Archbishop of Canterbury and several of the Nobility and with a numerous Rabble come at last to Smithfield by Landon where Sir VVilliam VVallwâ—rth then Lord Mayor upon some rude Language given the King by the said Tyler stabb'd him dead and therewith dispers'd the Rabble In memory of which the King gave the City the Augmentation of a Bloody Dagger to their Coâ—â—n the Year 1366. Henry 〈◊〉 of Derby Son of John of Gaunt was created Duke of Hereferd and being accus'd by 〈◊〉 Mâ—ubrey Duke of Norfolk of some dangerous Words by him 〈◊〉 demanded a Trial by Battel which was accepted and both being in the Lists ready in combat Hereford was banâ—th'd for ten Years of which the King struck oft four and went 〈◊〉 France And the Year following Johne Gaunt died In 1399 the King went into Ireland and in his absence Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury and others contrive to depose him and set up Henry now Duke of Lancaster who upon their Invitation return'd and met the King in VVales from whence he was convey'd to the Tower of London where a Parliament being in the mean time call'd in King Richard's Name the King resign'd his Crown to the said Henry and made the Bishops of York and Hereford his Procurators to declare his Resignation to the Parliament which was accepted And to colour the matter Articles were preserâ—ed against him on which he was deposed Septemb. 9. 1399. and afterwards trait 〈◊〉 murdered in Pomfret Castle 1401. by Sir Pierce Exten and eight others as he was at Dâ—â—â—er of whom yet he slew four in the Thirty third Year of his Age and Twenty secâ—nd of his Reign His first Wife was Anne Daughter of Charles IV. Emperour His second Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France but had no Issue by either of them XIII § VI. Upon this Deposition Henry â—â—â—ke of Lancaster eldest Son of John of Gaunt tourth Son of Edward III. Born 1368. was Crown'd King Octch. 13. 1399. by the Name of King Henry IV. albeit Edmond Mortimer Earl of March Son of Roger Mortimer Earl of March Son and Heir of Philippa Daughter and Heir of â—iond third Son of King Edward III. was then living and the said Earl Râ—ger his Father upon King Richard's going into Ireland in the Year 1385. had been declared in Parliament Heir Apparent to the Crown if the said Richard died without Issue This occasioned those bloody Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster in which there were Twelve pitch'd Battels fought between them in the compass of Thirty six Years The beginning of his Reign was sull of Troubles for Thomas Merks Bishop of Carlisle made a Speech in Parliament in favour of Richard the deposed King for which albeit he was imprison'd yet it so stuck with the Nobility that six of the Chief of them combine to seize King Henry and restore King Richard and to that purpose undertook a solemn Justing to he held at Oxford in the Chrismas 1401. and invited the King to it which he accepted but the Plot being accidentally discovered by one of the Conspirators it was seasonably prevented and crush'd Nor was it long are Owen Glendour rose in VVales 1400. and declared for Edmond Mortimer The like did the Earls of Northumberland and Worcester in the North who before they could join Forces were beaten by the exemplary Courage of Prince Henry his Son 1403. The King at last having wrought through every thing that oppos'd him died of an Apoplexy March 20. 1413. in the Forty sixth Year of his Age and Fourteenth of his Reign His first Wife was Mary one of the Daughters and Co-heirs of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton she died before he came to the Crown 1394. but left him four Sons 1. Henry V. who succeeded him 2. Thomas Duke of Clarence slain at Beaufort in France but left no Issue 3. John Duke of Bedford and Regent of France Died Septemb. 14. 1435. but had no Issue 4. Humphrey surnamed The Good created Duke of Gloucester by his Brother Henry V. Protector to his Nephew Henry VI. and at last imprison'd and strangled by the device of Queen Margaret Wife of the said Henry VI. 1447. His second Wife was Joan Daughter of Charles I. King of Navarre Widow of John de Menthâ—â—â— Duke of Bretagne by whom he had no Issue She surviv'd her Husband and died 1437. XIV To him succeeded his eldest Son Henry V. born at Monmouth 1385. Crown'd April 9. 1412. His Youth had been somewhat extravagant but he soon recover'd it and supplied his defect of Title by worthy Actions The Parliament at this time look'd with a sharp eye upon the Church-Lands and to divert the Humour Henry Chichely Archbishop of Canterbury put the King in the head of his Title to France and withal assur'd him That he had consulted the Clergy and that they had resolv'd to advance such a Summ towards it as never Spiritual Persons had given to any King before Upon this the King treated with the Parliament touching the matter which they so approv'd that an Army is forthwith rais'd in the head of which he lands in France and in a sew days besieg'd Harflue and took it 1415. and having pass'd the River Soame came up with the French then lying at Agincourt where with an Army not exceeding 15000 Men he cut off the others of 60000 Octob. 25. the same Year and return'd for England 1416. and made the Duke of Bedford Regent of France 1417. whither he follow'd himself the same Summer Took Caen 1417. Chierburgh Dampfront 1418. Rohan Vernon Mante Pontoise the Castle of St. Germane Meulane 1419. And after another Victory near the City of Mens it was amongst other things concluded That King Henry should marry the Lady Catharine the King of France's Daughter and after his death become Heir of the said Realm and in the mean time have the whole Government of the same as Regent thereof According to which they were married June 3. 1420. and the King solemnly proclaim'd Heir and Regent of France and the Duke of Burgundy and most of the Nobility swore Fealty to him As also did the Three Estates of the Realm assembled at Paris each Person severally for himself 1421. And in April following carried his Queen into England Yet notwithstanding this Charks the Dauphin retires to Berry and gets Forces together Nor was the Duke of Bedford less industrious to pursue him 'till the King coming over again and in his march to relieve Cosny then besieg'd by the Dauphin was taken with a Pleurisie of which he died at Blot St. Vincent Aug. 31. 1422. in the Thirty eighth Year of his Age and Tenth of his Reign and left by the said Catharine de Valois Daughter of the said King of France XV. Henry VI. born at Windsor Decem.
1421. and being not above nine Months old at the death of his Father was proclaimed King of England and France Aug. 30. 1422. and committed to the Custody of Thomas Duke of Exeter and Henry de Beaufort Bishop of Winchester his Uncles John Duke of Bâ—dford and Humphrey Duke of Gloucester having been appointed the former Regent of France the other Protector of England And now Charles VI. of France being also dead the Dauphin his Son cansed himself to be proclaim'd King by the Name of Charles VII On which many of the French Nohility revoked to him Nor was the Regent idle during this time but took several Places of Strength from him gave him a defeat at Cravant in Buâ—goigne 1423 recover'd Campeigne and Crâ—tâ—te beat him a second time at the Battel of Vernoile 1424. and follow'd it with success 'till Montacute Earl of Salisbury being slain by a Great-shot in the Castle of Orleans 1428. the Fortune of the English began to be at a stand For at this Siege it was that the Maid of Orleans or Jean d'Arcque was brought to the said Charles as a Person inspired by God for the delivery of her Country and that Miracles might be expected from her Conduct However it were it so wrought on the Superstition of the People that she may be said to have turn'd again the Fate of France And Charles VII took that heart upon it that he forthwith came before Rheims which was yielded to him and himself Crown'd there 1428. The Year following King Henry went over in Person and was Crown'd in Paris Decemb. 17. 1431. and after a Year's stay there return'd for England Not long after viz Septemb. 14. 1435. the Duke of Bedford died and Richard Duke of York was made Regent but remov'd 1439. and the Earl of Warwick substituted in his room Upon whose death the Duke of York was again made Regent 1441. And upon a Treaty of Peace between the two Kings 1444. William de la Pâ—â—l Earl of Suffolk and others are appointed Commissioners for the King of England But finding nothing like to come of it he proposes a Match between the King and Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou Titular King of Sicily Naples and Jerusalem which however opposed by the Duke of Gloucester Protector of the Realm took that effect that they were married May 18. 1445. And the Duke of York again removed and the Queen and Suffâ—lk by this time made Duke prevail upon the King's Mildness and govern all things at their pleasure This and the like so disgusted the Duke of York that he began to tamper about his Title to the Crown to which the death of the Cardinal of VVinchester 1448. the Exorbitances of Suffolk and the Duke of Gloucester's the main Prop of the House of Lancaster having been discharg'd from the Protectorship imprison'd and sound dead in his Bed the Year before gave no small encouragement All which being turn'd upon Suffolk he is erclaim'd at by the Commons impeach'd by the Lords and thereupon fled for France but taken in his way had his Head struck off against the side of a Cock boat 1450. To him succeeded in equal Favour of the Queen and Hatred of the People Edmond Duke of Somerset And therefore York having gotten to his Party the two Nevils Father and Son the one Earl of Salisbury the other of VVarwick he rais'd Forces under pretext of removing divers Counsellors from about the King and after several Transactions forward and backward worsted the King at the Battel of St. Albany May 23. 1455. where the Duke of Somerset was slain the King taken Prisoner a Parliament call'd the Duke of York declar'd Protector of the Realm and the Earl of VVarwick Captain of Callice All which was again overturn'd by the Queen and her Party the Year following and the Duke of York and his Friends having gotten into Ireland were attainted in Parliament 1459. Notwithstanding which they return again and being headed by Edward Earl of March fight the King at Northampton and take him Prisoner July 9. 1460. On this the Duke of York Father of the said Edward enter'd the House of Lords the Parliament then sitting seated himself in the Throne To whom said he it of right belongeth The Parliament on this openly declar'd for his Title but in regard Henry had been taken as King for Thirty eight Years it was condescended That he should hold the Title and Name of King and have the Possession of the Realm during his natural Life but if he either died resign'd or forfeited the same by breaking or going against any Point of that Accord that then the said Crown and Regal Authority should be immediately devolved and come to the Duke of York if he were then living Or in case he died to the next Heir of his Lineage And that the Duke of York should from thenceforth be Protector and Regent of the Land All which being sworn to by both Parties and enacted in Parliament Novemb. 1. 1461. Richard Duke of York on the Saturday next ensuing was proclaimed Heir Apparent to the Crown and Protector of the Realm During this time the Queen a Lady of a Courage beyond her Sex had rais'd an Army to rescue the King met the Protector at VVakefield the Christmas following where he was routed and slain and King Henry gotten into her hands again The Earl of March on the other hand now Duke of York by the death of his Father lay with Forces in Gloucestershire and upon hearing of this Defeat made to the Queen and worsted her first at Mortimer's Cross near Hereford the Candlemas-day after and on the 17th of the same Month gave her a total defeat near St. Alban's In which yet the most remarkable Man slain was Sir John Gray On which King Henry with the Queen and Prince Edward their Son got into the North and the Duke of York was proclaim'd King in the head of the Army After which King Henry liv'd somewhat more than Ten Years but generally unfortunate as shall be shown in the next Paragraph and at last died in the Tower some say of Grief or as others murder'd by Richard Duke of Gloucester May 23. 1471. in the Fifty second Year of his Age having reigned of that Thirty eight Years His Wife was Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou c. of whom before by whom he had Edward Prince of Wales born at Westminster Octob. 13. 1453. taken at the Battel of Teuxbury of which in the next Paragraph May 4. 1471. and the same day kill'd in cold Blood by George Duke of Clarence and the said Duke of Gloucester XVI And now Edward IV. having taken upon him the Covernment he was as well by Right of Inheritance as the Accord before mentioned proclaimâ—d King throughout London March 4. 1401. Nor was he searce warm in his Seat ere the comoved King Henry return'd out of the North with a mighty Force but was overthrown by King Edward at Tow ton Field March 29. 1462. However himself escap'd into Scotland and sent the Queen and Prince to
her Father in France and King Edward on the other hand Crown'd June 29. following Nor was Queen Margaret all this while idle but return'd with new Forces into the North where she joyn'd those Succours her Husband had brought out of Scotland and with the Assistance of their Friends at home out it to another Battel at Exham Field May 4. 1463. where King Henry was taken and the Queen made her escape into France to her Father And now King Edward being in a manner setled he sent the Earl of Warwick into France to demand the Lady Bona Daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoy and Sister to Charlotte then Queen of France for Wife which was so well relish'd that it was in a short time assented to But it so happen'd that the Lady Elizabeth Gray Widow of Sir John Gray slain at the last Battel of St. Alban's coming to petition for her Joynture which had been seiz'd into the King's hands the King not only granted it but became a Petitioner himself And being not able to obtain it otherwise married her 1465. This bred no good Blood in France and netled Warwick who took no notice of it for the present but with the King's leave retir'd to Warwick However to prevent the worst the King made his Brother George Nevil Archbishop of York 1467 and to secure a Friend against France married his Sister Margaret to Charles Duke of Burgundy 1468. By this time the Earl of VVarwick still meditating a Revenge had wrought over to his Design the said Archbishop and his other Brother John Marquess Montacute and leaving them behind him to make some Commotion in his absence took the Duke of Clarence with him and went over to his Command at Callice And upon full assurance that the said Duke bore no great Good-will to the King his Brother for a Tie of Friendship between them married the Lady Isabel his elder Daughter to him The Commotion was ascordingly made and in a short time impror'd to such a Rebellion that the King was forc'd to raise an Army to suppress it But VVarwul who had privately gotten over and now headed it by the assistance of Clarence fell upon the King in the Night and brought him Prisoner to VVarwick-Castle whence he made as escape and having gotten to London so ordered his Affairs that Clarence and VVarwid were forc'd for France again where they are kindly receiv'd especially by Queen Margaret who to secure the Earl to her side married he Son the Prince to Anne second Daughter oâ— the said Earl and took an Oath of him and such of the Nobility as follow'd her Fortune not to leave the War 'till either King Henry or his Son the Prince were restor'd to the Crown On which he came over for Eâ—â—land and forc'd King Edward into Holland Where he stay'd not long but return'd and drove VVarwick back to Callice April 1470. Where having made his Recruits he came over the August following and the Country so fell in with him that King Edward finding himself not able to withstand the Force pass'd the Sea to his Brother-in-Law the Duke of Burgundy and left his Queen in the Sanctuary at VVestrninster where she was deliver'd of her eldest Son Prince Edward VVarwick in the mean time making for London deliver'd King Henry out of the Tower and restor'd him to his Kingly Government himself neverthelass being made Lieutenant of the Realm and Clarence who unknown to the Earl had made his Peace with King Edward his Brother loyn'd as Associate with him The Duke of Burgundy in the mean time though he publickly refus'd to appear for King Edward yet underhand gave him that Supply from others that he landed again in England March 12. 1471. where he found his Friends ready to receive him and the Earl of Warwick though Clarence began to draw off and Queen Margaret not yet come with her Succours from France as forward to oppose him Notwithstanding which King Edward got to London and had King Henry deliver'd to him by the Archbishop of York to whose Care the Earl of Warwick his Brother had entrusted him This done King Edward advanc'd towards St. Alban's where Warwick lay and met him at Barnet-Heath where after a desperate Engagement the said Earl and his other Brother the Marquess Montacute were slain April 14. 1471. King Edward went back to London and offer'd his Standard at St. Paul's nor was the Ceremony scarce over before news was brought him That Queen Margaret was landed at Weymouth with a mighty Power On which the King march'd against her with what expedition he could and met her at Teuxbury May 4. following and after a bloody Fight gave her a total Rout and took the Prince her Son Prisoner whom the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester afterwards King Richard III. slew in the King's presence Not long after which the said Queen being found in a poor House of Religion was brought a Prisoner to London and so kept 'till ransom'd by her Father And to compleat the Tragedy King Henry now Prisoner in the Tower underwent the same Fate with his Son and by the same hand the 23d of the same Month and Year having reigned but six Months after his recovery of the Crown Upon which Jasper Earl of Pembroke taking his young Nephew Henry Earl of Richmond afterwards King Henry VII with him made his escape to the Duke of Bretagne and was well receiv'd by him nor could King Edward with all his Artifices ever get him out of his hands And now all things quieted a home the King went for Callice 1474. to divert the King of France's Attempts upon Burgundy but the Duke failing to joyn him according to promise he made a Peace with the King of France for nine Years which was sworn to by both Kings upon an Interview between them near Amiens 1475. and return'd to England After which George Duke of Clarence upon some old Disgusts between the King and him was sent to the Tower 1476. adjudg'd a Traitor and not long after found dead in a Butt of Malmsie 1477. Leaving Issue by the said Earl of VVarwick's Daughter Anne 1. Edward created Earl of VVarwick by the said King Edward and beheaded by Henry VII 1500. 2. Margaret Countess of Salisbury Mother of Cardinal Pool beheaded by Henry VIII 1541. In which two died the Right Line and Surname of Plantagenet In the Year 1482. James III. King of Scotand having broken some Articles between King Edward and him the King sent an Army into Scotland under the Command of the Duke of Gloucester took Berwick and brought that King to his Terms But while he was preparing for a War with France fell sick and died April 9. 1483. in the Forty first Year of his Age and Twenty third of his Reign He had to Wife the Lady Elizabeth Gray before-mention'd who brought him five Daughters and two Sons 1. Elizabeth of York
attendance on the Earl their Lord. By which means and several of King Richard's Party falling in with him his Army grew stronger daily and the Lord Stanly who had married the Countess of Richmond Mother to Henry lay hovering with an Army of five thousand Men but durst not declare for him for fear of the Lord Strange his Son whom King Richard kept as an Hostage for his Father 's not acting against him Yet was not Richard so amaz'd at it but that he met his Enemy with a powerful Army at Bosworth near Leicester where in the heat of the Battel the Lord Stanly joyn'd Earl Henry with his fresh Forces as also did Sir William Stanly his Brother with three thousand more and slew King Richard Aug. 22. 1485. whose Crown found among the Spoil he forthwith put on the Head of the said Earl on which he was proclaim'd King by the Army Thus fell that Usurper Richard in the Thirty seventh Year of his Age and Third of his Reign His Wife was Anne youngest Daughter of Richard Earl of Warwick by whom he had Edward Prince of Wales Earl of Chester and Salisbury born in his Uncle King Edward IV.'s Reign An. 1473. of whom before As also a Natural Daughter viz. Catharine Plantagenet But neither of them surviv'd him XIX § VII King Henry VII Son of Edmond Teuther Earl of Richmond by the Lady Margaret Daughter and Heir of John Duke of Somerset lineally descended from John de Beaufort before-mentioned having thus gotten the Victory at Bosworth the first thing he did was to secure Edward Plantagenet Earl of Warwick about Fifteen Years of Age Son of George Duke of Clarence of whom also before kept Prisoner in Yorkshire by King Richard III. together with the Lady Elizabeth the former of which he sent to the Tower the other to her Mother in London whither he follow'd by slow Journies and was Crown'd Octob. 30. the same Year And having call'd a Parliament in which the Inheritance of the Crown of this Realm and France was entail'd on him and the Heirs of his Body he married the said Lady Elizabeth Jan. 18. following In 1486. he call'd another Parliament in which it was enacted That the Queen Dowager Elizabeth should forfeit all her Lands and Possessions because she had voluntarily submitted her sell and her Daughters to Richard III. contrary to her Promise to the Lords c. On which she retir'd to a Nunnery at Bermondsey where she died not many Years after And now such as favour'd the House of York set a Project on foot to lay by King Henry and advance the aforesaid Edward Earl of Warwick to the Crown To which purpose one Richard Simond a crafty Priest of Oxford having a sharp Pupil call'd Lambert Simnell and not unlike the said Earl either for Stature or Years He is pitch'd upon to personate him and take his Name who as was given out had got out of the Tower Nor was it long ere he was so well instructed in the Mien of a Prince and the Lineage he was to pretend to that they adventur'd for Ireland where he was receiv'd as the undoubted Heir of the House of York which the Irish rather favour'd than that of Lancaster Upon advice of this the Earl of Lincoln Son of John de la Pool Duke of Suffolk by Elizabeth Sister to King Edward IV. and others his Friends not thinking it meet to neglect so fair an Opportunity got over into Flanders to the Lady Margaret Dutchess Dowager of Burgundy one other Sister of the said King Edward where they met the Lord Lovel who had escap'd from Bosworth and at last concluded among them That Lincoln and Lovel should go into Ireland and there attend upon Lambert and honour him as King and taking with him two thousand Men should with the Power of the Irish Men bring him into England in which if they succeeded Lambert should be laid by and the true Earl of Warwick be deliver'd out of Prison and Crown'd King King Henry on the other hand made no more of it than to expose the Earl of Warwick to a publick view through the City 'till hearing that the Earl of Lincoln was arriv'd in Ireland and had Crown'd Lambert at Dublin with a resolution of coming for England he gather'd a great Army against him who by that time was landed near Lancaster and came forward to Stoke where the King's Forces met him and after a hard-fought Battel and total Overthrow to Lambert he and his Tutor were taken Prisoners June 16. 1487. and being brought to London Lambert was made a Turn-spit in the King's Kitchen and the other as being a Priest committed to perpetual Imprisonment There were also other Insurrections the same Year which the King dispers'd by his Proclamation of Pardon ere it came to the Sword And having made a Truce with Scotland for seven Years Crown'd his Queen Novemb. 25. following About this time the King of France making War upon the Duke of Bretagne King Henry mediates between them But to no effect for upon the death of the said Duke 1488. the King of France over-ran the Dutchy incorporated it to the Crown of France and in 1489. married the Dutchess King Henry lik'd not this new Accession and therefore since nothing else could prevail made War upon France 1490. The Dutchess of Burgundy laid hold of the Occasion and brings upon the Stage one Peter or Perkin Warbeck to take on him the Name and Person of Richard Duke of York second Son of King Edward IV. her Brother not murder'd in the Tower as she gave it abroad but escap'd into Ireland whither she had underhand sent him In which he acted his Part so well that he was taken for what he personated 1491. The French King being advertis'd thereof sent for him out of Ireland to the intent to arm him against King Henry who was then invading France gave him a Royal Reception and assign'd him a Guard On which several of the English got over to him But it so happening that the two Kings were made Friends Perkin was dismiss'd and with his Followers went to the Dutchess of Burgundy who joyfully welcom'd him yet seeming as if she had never seen him solemnly examin'd him Of his escape from being murder'd In what Countries he had wandred By what means he had found Friends and What Chance of Fortune had brought him to her Court. To all which he made such direct Answers that she assign'd him a Princely Guard and call'd him The White Rose of England 1492. And to the end the truth of the matter might be the better known Sir Robert Clifford and one William Barely are by the common Consent of such as favour'd the House of York sent over to the Dutchess to declare their Intentions concerning him Which when she had heard she brought them to Perkin who so well humour'd the thing that Sir Robert wrote back to them and to put them out of doubt affirm'd That he knew him to be
Richard Duke of York King Edward's Son by his Face Gesture and other Lineaments of his Body King Henry during this time was not â—sleep but sent over several Spies under the â—otion of Fugitives by which means he got into Perkin's Councils and came to the knowledge of his Confederates of whom some took sanctuary others were put to death 1493 and amongst them the said Sir William Stanly whom he had made Lord High Chamberlain and that only for saying If he knew the Young-man was the Son of King Edward IV. he would not draw his Sword against him Of which being convicted he was beheaded Feb. 16. 1494. However Perkin deeming he had Force enough yet left put to Sea and attempted to land in Kent but being repuls'd made back to Flanders and thence into Ireland which answering not his Expectation he sail'd for Scotland where he made his Tale so well that James IV. at that time King not only own'd him as Duke of York but married him to the Lady Catharine Gourdon Daughter of Alexander Earl of Huntley his near Kinsman 1495. and the Year following invaded England with Fire and Sword and in a manner wasted Northumberland On which Perkin beseeching him to spare his Subjects the King disgustingly bade him first see if they were his Subjects or not and finding few or none come in to him return'd for Scotland King Henry on this resolving a Revenge on Scotland the Parliament granted him a Subsidy of 120000 l. against the Payment of which Cornwal rebells and under the Conduct of one Flammock a Lawyer came into Somersetshire where they were headed by the Lord Audley 1496. The King of Scots lays hold on the Occasion and invading England again besieges Norham Castle which Fox Bishop of Durham Lord thereof had fortified But being not able to take it suddenly and hearing the Earl of Surrey was on his march near him return'd for Scotland and was follow'd by the Earl when by the Mediation of the Ambassadour of Spain Commissioners whereof the said Bishop was one are appointed to treat between both Kings at Jedard in Sctoland which ended in a Truce With this Condition nevertheless That though the King of Scots could not be persuaded to deliver up Perkin that yet he should discharge him his Protection and Dominions which was accorded and accordingly done 1497. The Cornish men in this time had gotten within four Miles of London where after a great Slaughter their Leaders were taken and executed Yet were not the Rabble so absolutely cut off but that upon their coming home hearing Perkin was gotten into Ireland they sent to him to come and head them which he slack'd not to do and being proclaim'd King by the Name of Richard IV. laid siege to Exeter but hearing the King was marching against him sent his Wife to the Mount in Cornwal whence she was taken and deliver'd to the King and flying away by night himself took sanctuary at Beaudly in Hampshire but finding no possibility of escaping and withal tempted with the promise of pardon he voluntarily submitted himself to 〈◊〉 King's Pleasure who set him in the Stocks upon a Scaffold in the most publick Places of London and Westminster where he confess'd the Impostor and having after that attempted an escape he was arraign'd and convicted Novemb 16. 1499. and on the 23d of the same Month drawn and hang'd at Tyburn And the said Earl of Warwick upon his Arraignment before his Peers as consenting to the same having confess'd the Indictment and throwing himself upon the King's Mercy had Judgment thereupon and was beheaded on Tower-Hill the 28th following And so after fifteen Years imprisonment ended this poor Earl and with him the Name of Plantagenet While matters went thus at home the King of Scots writes to the Bishop That because he had several things touching the Peace of both Crowns which he would communicate with himself only he desir'd him to come into Scotland which with King Henry's approbation he accordingly did and from one thing to another so wrought it that a Match was concluded between the said King of Scots and the Lady Margaret eldest Daughter of King Henry 1501. contracted Jan. 25. 1502. and took effect 1503. the Queen her Mother having died Feb. 11. before Nor had this Match been sooner concluded than the King married his eldest Son Arthur Prince of Wales to the Lady Catharine Daughter of Ferdinand King of Spain Novemb. 14. 1501. After which the Prince not living above five Months his younger Brother Henry afterwards King Henry VIII was created Prince of Wales Feb. 18. 1503. After which besides filling his Coffers the King did little saving the getting into his hands Edmond de la Pool Son of John de la Pool Duke of Suffolk by Elizabeth Sister of King Edward IV. who as pretending to the Crown had not long before fled into Flanders upon the King's Promise nevertheless That he would not put him to death which he observ'd but left it to his Son and died April 22. 1509. in the Fifty second Year of his Age and Twenty third of his Reign A wise politick Prince who having the Three Titles of Lancaster Conquest and his Wife Elizabeth eldest Daughter of King Edward IV. could never be brought to declare by which of them he claim'd He had Issue by her 1. Margaret Tudor born Nov. 29. 1489. of whom before Grandmother of Mary Queen of Scots the Mother of James VI. King of Scots in whom the Kingdoms of England and Scotland were united 2. Elizabeth Tudor born July 2. 1492. died Sept. 14 1495. 3. Mary Tudor born 1498. promised to Charles Prince of Castile afterwards Emperour but upon the death of her Father married to Lewis XII King of France 4. Catharine Tudor born Feb. 2. 1503. but died young His Sons 1. Arthur Tudor Prince of Wales born Septemb 20. 1487. died in his Father's life-time April 2. 1502. 2. Henry Tudor Duke of York born June 22. 1492. and succeeded his Father 3. Edmond Tudor born Feb. 21. 1498. and died the Year following XX. Upon the death of King Henry VII his only surviving Son Henry was the day following proclaim'd King by the Name of King Henry VIII His Father's Funerals and his own Marriage with the Princess Catharine Widow of his Brother Arthur by the Dispensation of Pope Julius II. being over his next business was their Coronation which was perform'd June 24. 1509. and quieting the Clamours of the People touching the matter of Sir Richard Empsom and Edmond Dudley Esq Persons employ'd by Henry VII for compounding the Forfeitures upon Penal Statutes which they had manag'd so ill that being thereof severally convicted they were attainted in Parliament of High Treason and thereupon beheaded Aug. 18. 1510. Howbeit John Dudley Son and Heir of the said Edmond was restor'd in Blood by the same Parliament and towards the latter end of the King made Viscount Lisle and Lord High Admiral of England The New-years day following the
Queen was brought to bed of a Prince named Henry who died Feb. 22. following And now the Magnificence of the Court being somewhat allay'd the King resolv'd of a Royal Expedition into France to which the Parliament gave largely but not thinking it safe to leave the before-mention'd Edmond de la Pool behind him he took off his Head April 30. 1512. and having created Sir Charles Brandon Son of Sir William Brandon Standard-Bearer to Henry VII at Bosworth-Field and there slain Viscount Liste he landed at Callice June 30. 1513. and taking the Field laid siege to Terwin where the Emperour Maximilian taking pay under him wore the Cross of St. George as the King's Soldier To relieve this Place came the French with a powerful Army Aug. 16. but were so put to flight that in memory thereof it was call'd The Battel of Spurrs and the Town surrendred in two days after From thence he advanced to the City of Tournay took it and return'd for England Septemb. 24. To divert the King from this pursuit in France James IV. of Scotland had invaded England and besieged Norham Castle but was encounter'd by the Lord Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey Lieutenant of the North in the King's absence at Flodden Field where the said King lost his Army and Life together Septemb. 9. the same Year On which the King created the said Earl Duke of Norfolk with an augmentation to his Coat of a Demi-Lion shot in the Mouth within a Countre Treasure Flowrie three Parts of the Arms of Scotland Sir Charles Brandon Viscount Lisle Duke of Suffolk Feb. 2. 1514. and Thomas Woolsey his Almoner Bishop of Lincoln the March after Lewis XII King of France now stricken in Years began to be weary of War and finding that the design'd Marriage between the Prince of Castile and the Lady Mary Sister of K. Henry was broken sent over Ambassadors to treat of a Peace and amongst other things of a Match in particular between this Lady and himself with Offers of a large Dowry and Security for the same which by the management of Woolsey was so contriv'd that both took effect with this Condition That if the French King died then the Lady if it stood with her Pleasure might return into England again with all her Dowry and Riches Which being consented to a Peace was proclaim'd Aug. 7. the Marriage consummated Octob. 9. the Queen Crown'd Novemb. 5 1515. and came to Paris the next day where after several solemn Justs the English left her and the King her Husband died Jan. 1. following Not long after which Cardinal Benbrike Archbishop of York King Henry's Ambassadour at Rome dying Woolsey is made Archbishop thereof and upon the Archbishop of Canterbury Warham's giving up the Seal the next Year Lord Chancellor and Cardinal Upon the death of King Lewis Francis I. succeeded him to whom and the Queen his Sister King Henry having made the usual Compliments and being advertis'd of her Inclination to return into England he sent the Duke of Suffolk to receive her which was honourably condescended to and the Queen deliver'd to him who pleas'd her so well that she married him at Callice and return'd with him for England 1516. The King seems offended at it but is quickly reconcil'd However the Cardinal now Legate à Latere disobliges him and not him only but the Prime Nobility of England particularly Edward Stafford Duke of Buckingham the last hereditary High Constable of England whose Head also he brought to the Block May 17. 1521. and with that and his other Exorbitances the general Hatred of the Commons upon himself But what hasten'd his Ruine may seem to be this Charles V. Emperour and King of Spain had refused him the Archbishoprick of Toledo to be reveng'd of this he procured a Friendship between King Henry and the King of France to the end That if probably a Divorce could be made between the King and Queen Aunt to the said Emperour that the King might have married the Dutchess of Alençon the French King's Sister However it were the King after a Twenty Years Marriage makes it a Scruple of Conscience Whether she could be his lawful Wife as having been the Widow of his elder Brother Prince Arthur and endeavours a Divorce from which the Queen appeal'd to the Pope The Cardinal on the other hand finding the King had an eye on the Lady Anne Bullen Daughter of Sir Thomas Bulen Treasurer of his Houshold whom he had created Viscount Rochfort June 18. 1525. and Earl of Wilis Decemb. 1529. and notwithstanding his Endeavours to the contrary would marry her if the Divorce to which the Pope was utterly averse took place so shuffled the matter between the Pope and the King that he fell into the King's displeasure which wanting no aggravation of his Enemies for Friends he had few or none the Great Seal was taken from him Nov. 17. 1529. and Sir Thomas Moore Speaker of the House of Commons made Lord Chancellor the 24th of the same Month and a Writ of Praemunire issued against him in which upon his Confession he had Judgment to forfeit all his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels c of which he made a large Inventory and sending it to the King by Sir William Gascoigne his Treasurer retired into the Country Howbeit the Bishopricks of York and Winchester were not taken from him nor Plate and Houshold-stuff sufficient for his Degree His Power thus clipp'd one would have thought it sufficient but alas he had a Head yet left and who knew but the King might not have quite forgotten him therefore to make sure Work and him a terrible Example for those are the Words there were Forty three Articles signed by the said Chancellor and by Fourteen Lords of the Privy-Council and the Two Chief Justices exhibited to the King against him Decemb. 1. 1530. which being brought down from the Lords to the Commons Thomas Cromwel his Secretary a Member of the House made so honest a Defence of his Master that the King took him into his Service After which the Lord Chancellor Mocre as little fond of having the King marry the Lady Bullen as had been the Cardinal foreseeing the Cloud that was gathering against him after long suit made to be discharged of his Office gave up the Seal May 7. 1532. and was beheaded for denying the King's Supremacy July 6. 1535. or rather because that he had not put on his Wedding-Garment for the Lady Bullen whom he made Marchioness of Pembroke Septemb. 1. married her Jan. 25. following in the presence of Cranmer his late Ambassadour at Rome whom not long after he made Archbishop of Canterbury Whereupon it was enacted That Queen Catharine should no more be called Queen but Princess Dowager And the Archbishop not to be wanting on his part divorc'd her from the King and by a Publick Sentence declar'd the Marriage to be void and of none effect May 23. 1533. On which Queen Anne was Crown'd June 1. delivered of a
Abbot of Westminster And now Commissioners being appointed for matter of Religion not yet disannull'd by Parliament it came into the Protector 's and Council's mind of a Match that upon the death of King James V. King of Scotland had been treated and concluded by the Parliament of that Kingdom with King Henry VIII for the Prince his Son now King with the Lady Mary their young Queen sole Daughter and Heir of the said James and which by the Contrivance of Cardinal Beaton Archbishop of St. Andrew's was now obstructed to the intent of marrying her to Francis Dauphin of France as it afterwards took effect April 24. 1558. To have prevented this an Army is rais'd and Scotland invaded by Sea and Land where after several Skirmishes the Protector engag'd them at Fauxside and Musleborough whence after a great Slaughter and having secur'd a Footing in the Country he return'd for England the September following But as to the young Queen did so little good that it was doubted Whether this Army and that too for a great part Foreigners was rather rais'd to force a Princess out of her own Country to the Marriage of a Prince not yet ripe for her than to secure himself at home During this and his Brother the Lord Admiral 's absence in Scotland whether it were that the Protector 's Wife could not brook the Queen Dowager Parr her Husband 's the Admiral 's younger Brother's Wife to take place of her or that the Admiral kept not thorough-pace with him there grew such a feud between the Brothers that cost them both their Heads For within a Year and half after their return the Admiral was sent to the Tower and without Trial attainted in Parliament and thereupon beheaded March 20. 1549. Nor had he recover'd this false Step before he made another in slipping an Opportunity that play'd into his hand for the Commissioners having thrown all Images and what thereunto appertain'd out of the Churches and the Parliament abolish'd the Missal and enjoyn'd a New Book of Common-Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments in its room the Cornish Men first and after them Oxfordshire Bucking hamshire Norfolk York and others ran into Rebellion which he fortunately suppress'd and thereby became Master of an Army which he might have wrought to any thing at least crush'd his disguis'd Friend but secret Enemy the Earl of Warwick who had stola the Lords of the Council from him and now jointly impeach'd him as the occasion of the late Tumults and at the same time pray the City and the Commons to aid them to take him from the King Whereupon he is committed to the Tower Octob. 14 following and having not Interest enough to hinder the said Earl from being made Lord High-Chamberlain he tamely submitted to a Marriage between the Earl's eldest Son and his eldest Daughter and got his Liberty for that time But this patch'd Friendship lasted not above two Years for the Earl of Warwick being made Duke of Northumberland and the Lord Henry Gray Marquess of Dorset his Consident Duke of Suffolk Octob. 11. 1551. and now Governing all the late Protector was within five days after again committed to the Tower and convicted of Felony upon a Statute of his own making viz. For purposing and attempting the Lives of the said Northumberland and Suffolk two of the King's Privy-Council which by that Statute was made Felony On which he was beheaded Jan. 22. following And the King left so unguarded by any but themselves and their Creatures that it seem'd no difficulty to bring the Crown into their own Families To this purpose a Marriage is contriv'd between the Lord Guilford Dudley Fourth Son of the said Duke of Northumberland and the Lady Jane Gray eldest Daughter of the said Duke of Suffolk by Frances Daughter of Mary Sister of King Henry VIII of whom before and that so cover'd under the specious Pretence of securing the Protestant Religion against the Lady Mary the King's Sister a Catholick that the King not only further'd it but being in a sickly condition did by his last Will and Testament declare the said Lady Jane Gray to be Rightful Heir in Succession to the Crown of England To which also besides the Lords of the Council all the Judges subscrib'd their Names excepting only Sir James Hales one of the Justices of the Common-Pleas who would neither by Word nor Writing give his Assent to the disherison of Queen Mary Not long after which the King died to wit July 6. 1553. in the Seventeenth Year of his Age and Seventh of his Reign but unmarried and Childless and might perhaps have liv'd longer if he had not been a King Three days after the Lady Jane Gray was proclaimed Queen and the same day the Lady Mary Sister of the last King Edward and eldest Daughter of King Henry VIII sent a Letter to the Lords of the Council thereby claiming the Crown by Right of Succession and requiring them upon their Allegiance to have her proclaim'd Queen Which being sleighted by them she withdrew to her Castle of Fremingham whither several of the Nobility and Gentry repair to her The Council on the other hand dispatch the Duke of Northumberland after her but the Men of Suffolk first and after them those of Oxfordshire Northampton and Norfolk came in so thick to her and six Ships of War declaring for her the Council at London proclaim her Queen the 19th of the same Month left the Duke of Northumberland to shift for himself and secur'd the Lady Jane and her Husband in the Tower XXII Queen Mary a Catholick being thus proclaim'd the Duke of Northumberland was arrested at Cambridge and brought to the Tower and together with the Marquess of Northampton and the Earl of Warwick Son and Heir of the said Duke arraign'd of High-Treason before Thomas Duke of Norfolk Lord High-Steward of England where praying the Opinion of the Court Whether a Man doing an Act by Authority of the Prince's Council and by Warrant of the Great Seal of England and doing nothing without the same may be charg'd with Treason for any thing done by virtue of the same And being answer'd That the Great Seal which he laid for his Warrant was not the Seal of the Lawful Queen of the Realm but the Seal of an Usurper and therefore no Warrant to him he confess'd the Indictment as also did the other two and had Judgment as in Cases of High-Treason Aug. 18. the same Year On which the said Duke was beheaded the 22d and Queen Mary Crown'd Octob. 1. following At which time also she publish'd a General Pardon in which notwithstanding were excepted by Name the Archbishops of Canterbury and York the Bishop of London and others of the Clergy and the two Chief Justices Sir Edward Montacute and Sir Roger Cholmley with other Men of the Law for counselling or at least consenting to the Deprivation of Queen Mary and aiding the aforesaid Duke of Northumberland in the pretended Right of
Conspiracy to kill the King raise a Rebellion alter Religion subvert the State and procure an Invasion of which Sir Walter Raleigh a mortal Enemy to Spain and no Friend of the Scots was one and after a Fourteen Years reprieval by the means of the Spanish Lieger Gundomar had his Head taken off upon the former Judgment though there wanted not those that thought it was Jure Injuria And now came on the Business of Spain As King of Scotland the King was in Amity with Spain as King of England at War with it And therefore finding himself under that double Circumstance he first call'd in all Letters of Mart against the Spaniard and not long after concluded a Peace with them to the Confirmation of which Albertus and Isabella Archdukes of Austria were sworn And thus in Peace with all Christendom the King created his Second Son Charles Duke of Albany then Four Years old Duke of York Jan. 2. 1604. with the yearly Fee of 40 l. payable by the Sheriff of York out of the Issues c. of that County The Year following was discover'd the Gun-Powder Treason Plot which ended in the Attainder and Death of the Conspirators and was particularly congratulated by the King of Spain and Archdukes of Austria In the Year 1610. the King having had an Aid of his Subjects to make his Son a Knight created Prince Henry now Seventeen Years of Age Prince of Wales but he liv'd not long to enjoy it for during the Treaty of a Marriage between Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhine with the Lady Elizabeth the King 's only Daughter he sell sick and died Novemb. 6. 1612. However the Marriage took effect and was consummated on St. Valentine's Day following And Prince Charles created Prince of Wales 1615. But hear the time the King had created his Son Henry Prince of Wales he created a new Patent-Honour of descendible Knighthood by the Name of Knights Baronets The occasion thus In the beginning of the King's Reign Charles Lord Montjoy Lord Deputy of Ireland return'd for England and brought over with him Hugh O Neal Earl of Tyrone who Queen Elizabeth yet living had submitted himself to the Queen's Mercy and whom the King pardon'd and made proclamation That he should be treated with Respect and Honour And yet in 1609. he goes off into Ireland and with Tyrconnel and others gets beyond-Sea and sollicites a new Assistance from foreign Princes but having left several forfeited Lands behind them in the Counties of Colerain Tyrone and Donegal the King comes to Articles with the City of London for the planting and building the same Which being accepted the King by his Charter 1611. erects the Ville of Derry into a City and the Town of Colerain into a Mayor-Town and together with the said forfeited Lands consolidates the whole into one County by the Name of the County of London-Derry And having by the same Charter created a Body Politick of Twenty four Persons Twelve of them to be annually elected out of the Twelve First Companies of London for the Government of the same by the Name of The Society of the Governour and Assistants London of the New Plantation of Ulster in the Realm of Ireland grants the said City Town County and forfeited Lands to the said Society and their Successors in perpetuity under the yearly Rent of 205 l. And now to give Countenance to it and put 200000 l. in his Pocket without being beholden to his Subjects he erected this new Honour and for him his Heirs and Successors covenanted with each of them respectively That they and the Heirs Males of their Body should take Place next the youngest Sons of Barons That by way of augmentation to their own Arms they should bear a part of O Neal's Arms viz. in a Canton or Escutcheon Argent a hand Dextre couped Gules And lastly stinted their Number to Two hundred Persons whose Issue as they chanc'd to fail should not be supplied with new Persons but the Order to run out In which last Clause yet the King covenanted for himself only and left out his Heirs and Successors tho' if the printed Lists be true Himself made Two hundred and One. In consideration of which each of them was to maintain Thirty Foot-Soldiers in Ireland for Three Years after the rate of Eight-pence a Day and for the payment of the Monies strike a Tally in the Exchequer for 1000 l. The King also some time after erected a like Order of Baronets of Nova Scotia who instead of the said Hand dextre couped should wear an Orange-colour'd Ribbon athwart their Shoulders as Knights of the Bath their Red Ribbon with a Medal on which the Arms of Scotland were enamell'd and a Pear-Pearl at the end of it with this Motto Faxment is honestae Gloria But whether besides the advantage of another Plantation he got as much by the one as he did by the other does not appear Though this may be said of both All Parties were well satisfied Nor happen'd there during this time any thing much remarkable saving the breaking one Favourites Neck to make way for another the placing and displacing of Great Officers the frequent Creations of Nobility which though it added to their Number may perhaps be thought to have taken from their Grandeur and the Death of Queen Anne which happen'd March 2. 1619. The Palsgrave Frederick thus strengthen'd with the Alliance of England was in the Year 1621. elected King of Bohemia Nor was he sooner invested in the Crown than the Imperial Bann issued against him which was so seconded with a longer Sword that having lost the Battel of Prague and with it his New Crown and his own Patrimony of the Upper and Lower Palatinate he was forc ' to retire into Holland On this King James though he never could be brought to own his Son-in-Law as a King had that care of his Daughter that he sent an Embassie to the Emperour to sollicite the Restitution of the Palatinate which returning without success he consults Gundomar what to do in the matter who advises him to make a Marriage with the Prince his Son and the Infanta of Spain Which said he would be easily effected if the Prince might have leave to make a Journey into Spain Which was accordingly done and the Prince receiv'd with all the Kindness and Magnificence imaginable Where having been spun out for eight Months together to no purpose contrary to the Expectation of most Men he return'd safe into England Whereupon the King taking new measures it was first resolv'd to recover the Palatinate by Arms in which the Parliament promised him a liberal Assistance and next to provide the Prince a Wife elsewhere For which purpose an Embassie was sent into France to treat of a Marriage with Henrietta Maria younger Daughter of King Henry IV. and Sister of Lewis XIII King of France which took effect but was not consummated 'till after the Death of King James which happen'd March 27. 1625. in the
which in contempt of one of its Members was call'd Praise God Barebone's Parliament and they held it 'till December the same Year 4. From that time it was in the hands of Cromwel with the Title of Lord Protector 'till September 1658. 5. After him his Son Richard had it as Successor to his Father 'till he was turn'd out by the Army in April 1659. and then for a Fortnight together it lay no-where 6. The May following the Rump got it again and held it 'till they were turn'd out by Lambert the same Year And here also for some time together it lay no-where 'till 7. The Council of Officers erected A Committee of Safety with like Supremacy and they held it 'till General Monck having declar'd for restoring the Rump Lambert march'd against him but being deserted by his Army Fleetwood writes to the Speaker Lenthal to desire him and the rest of the Members to return to the Exercise of their Trust And the General on the other hand having put his into such hands as favour'd his Design march'd towards London 8. On this the Rump resumes the Government Decemb. 26. and by a Letter of Thanks to Monck acknowledge the Restitution to their Authority was to be acknowledged to his Fidelity Case and Courage And yet he had not been long in Town ere they began to grow jealous of him and therefore for fear he might joyn with the City who had now declar'd they would pay no more Taxes 'till the Parliament were fill'd up they sent him into the City to break down their Gate c. which he accordingly did return'd his Army to their Quarters about Westminster and receiv'd the Thanks of the House Yet this did not so satisfie the Jealousie of a Commonwealth but that they press'd the Oath of Abjaration of the Royal Family to him which he took time to consider of But the next Morning march'd his Army into the City and joyn'd with them for having the House fill'd up 9. On this the Members that had been secluded the House in 1648. were restor'd Feb. 21. 1659. and they having constituted General Monck Captain General of all the Forces in the Three Kingdoms annull'd the former Council of State and appointed another and abrogated the Engagement and Oath of Abjuration dissolv'd themselves March 17. But before their rising sent out Writs for New Elections to meet April 25. 1660. In the mean time the Rumpers ply the General with their last effort and proffer him the Supreme Command of the Kingdoms as a single Person Which he answered to this purpose That for that matter it was submitted to the coming-Parliament nor should it be said of him That â—e bad run foul of that Rock on which Cromwel â—ad so lately split himself The Day being come the Lords as well as â—he Commons met in their respective Houses when having each of them received a Letter from his Majesty with a Declaration inclos'd the Lords resolv'd by Vote That they declare That according to the ancient and fundamental Constitution of this Kingdom the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons To which the Commons agreed and each of them dispatch'd their several Answers â—o the said Letters superscribed To the King 's most Excellent Majesty And having caus'd Him to be solemnly proclaim'd May 8. they sent six Lords and twelve of the Commons to attend his Majesty and desire his return to the Exercise of his Kingly Office Which â—he accordingly did and landed at Dover the 25th and rode through London to Whitebal the 29th being his Birth Day and Thirtieth Year of his Age. Thus by the Conduct of one Man with a raw Army of not above Six Thousand was the Monarchy delivered from a Twelve Years Usurpation defended by at least Sixty Thousand Veterans strengthened with most of the Alliances of Europe and which adds to â—it without Blood a Stratagem perhaps not yet extant in History He was the Great Grandson of Sir Thomas Monck of Potheridge in the County of Devon by Frances one of the Daughters and Coheirs of Arthur Plantegenet Viscount Lisle of whom before in memory of which the King created him Duke of Albemarle Earl of Torrington Baron Monck of Potheridge Beauchamp and Teyes And so being come to our own Times is may seem needless to add further saving that the King was Crown'd April 23. 1661. and died of an Apoplexy Feb. 6. 1684. His only Wife and Relict was Catharine Daughter of John IV. King of Portugal now living by whom he had no Issue XXVII To King Charles II. succeeded his Brother James Duke of York c. who upon his first coming to the Crown profess'd Himself a Catholick with this Displeasure nevertheless That he could not alter the Religion as it was by Law establish'd He together with his Queen were Crown'd April 23. 1685. Nor was that scarce over when Two Rebellions the one in Scotland the other in the West of England broke out upon him and were defeated In the Year 1688. he publish'd A Declaration for Liberty of Conscience so far as it disturb'd not the Peace of the Kingdom Which so heated the People who yet had all along CONTENDED for it that having sent his Queen and young SON into France he follow'd Them not long after His first Wife was Anne Daughter of Sir Edward Hide Earl of Clarendon c. Lord Chancellor of England who died before he came to the Crown by whom he had Four Sons 1. Charles Stuart Duke of Cambridge born Octob. 22. 1660. died May 5. 1661. 2. James Stuart Duke of Cambridge born July 12. 1663. died June 20. 1667. 3. Charles Stuart Duke of Kendal born July 4. 1666. died May 22. 1667. 4. Edgar Duke of Cambridge born Sept 14. 1667. died June 8. 1671. And as many Daughters 1. Marie born April 30. 1662. married to William Henry Prince of Orange who were both Crown'd King and Queen April 11. 1689. The Executive Power in Him 2. Anne born Feb. 6. 1664. married to Prince George of Denmark August 7. 1683. 3. Henrietta born January 13. 1668. died Nov. 15. 1669. 4. Catharine born Feb. 9. 1670. died Decemb 5. 1671. His Second Wife Mary d'Este Daughter of Alphonso d'Este III. Duke of Modena Crown'd as before and had Issue by her Two Daughters 1. Catharine born Novemb. 7. 1674. died Octob. 3. 1675. 2. Isabel born Aug. 28. 1676. liv'd not long AND 1. Charles Duke of Cambridge born Nov. 7. 1667. died Decemb. 12. following c. Of the Augmentations of the Family of ENGLAND § VIII ITS First was when William the Conquerour joyn'd Normandy to the Crown of England 1066. Henry II. Conquer'd Ireland and in like manner united it 1172. Edward I. Wales 1283. Edward II. in Right of his Wife Isabel Daughter of Philip the Fair King of France brought in Aquitain and Ponticu And in the same Right Edward III. took upon him the Title of King of France and was the first of the English Kings that
likewise he had the City of Ravel delivered up â—o him by Maurice Wrangel Bishop thereof â—n the Year 1676. Anthony Gunther the last Earl of Oldenburg dying without Issue the present King by right of Inheritance became possessed of the Counties of Oldenburg and Delâ—enborst as also the Lordship of Kniphuse In the Year 1682. there was an accession to this Lrown of the Lordship of Jevern by the Grant of the French King Last of all Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg was necessitated to part with his Soveraignty to the present King Of its Decrease § IX THe first and indeed the greatest diminution suffered by the Royal Family of Denmark was in the Year 1469. at which time the Princess Margaret was given in Marriage to James the Third King of Scotland together with the Isles of Orkney and Hetland as security for her Portion which was fifty thousand Florins of the Rhine In 1524 the Kingdom of Sweden was torn from it In 1544. at a division then made of Lands in the Dutchy of Holstein 'twixt King Christian the Third and his Brother Adolph the King parted with the Governments of Trictou Oldenburg and Neustadt together with the Monastries of Cismar and Rheinbeck as also the whole Dutchy of Sleswick tho' this last was to be held by Adolph and his Posterity only as a Fife of the Crown In 1564. at another division of Lands then made 'twixt King Frederick the Second and his Brother John the latter obtain'd the Isles of Alsen and Arroe as also the Praefectures or Governments of Ploen Rheinfeld and Arensburg with their Dependencies About the Year 1585. the then King of Denmark lost Oesel as also what-ever else he held in Liffland In 1658. Halland the Isle of Bornholm Schonen and Bleking were set over to the Swede by the fifth Article of the Peace of Roschild As was also the Government of Babuys in Norway with the City and Castle thereof together with the Government of Drontheam and whatever else the Danes had been hitherto possessed of in the Isle of Rugen tho' afterwards by the Articles of Peace concluded on in the Year 1660. Drontheam and Bornhelm were again surrendred to the Danes In 1689. Christian the present King of Denmark restored the Dutchy of Sleswick to Christian Albert the present Duke together with the absolute and independent Sovereignty thereof The same Year in the Month of Aug. the Lordship of Jevern by an amicable agreement was surrendred to the Prince of Anhalt-Servesten Of the Pretensions of this House § X. THe Claims of the Kings of Denmark are to the City of Hamburg as built and enlarged by the ancient Earls of Holstein of the Family of Schaumburg See Harman de Lesbeke Monk of Minden his Chron. Com. Schavenb inter opuscula rerum German Celeberr Henrici Meimbomii And to the Isles of Orkney as Mortgaged to the ancient Kings of Scotland Of the Ducal Line of Holstein § XI IT has been already said in the fifth Section Numb 2. That John Brother of Frederick the Second King of Denmark and Son to King Christian the Third was the first Progenitor of the present Ducal Line of Holstein who being twice Married became the Father of a very numerous Issue which spread it self into the four branches of Sunderburg Nordburg Glucksburg and Pleen Of the Branch of Sunderburg § XII THis Branch began in Alexander born 1573. who in the division of Lands with his Brethren had Sunderburg part of the Isle of Alsen and part of the Peninsula of Sunderwick for his Patrimony Of this Prince's Posterity we shall speak in the first place As for himself he departed this Life in 1627. having had Ten Children by his Wife the Lady Dorothy of Schwartzburg the Sons being 1. John Christian Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg who deceased in the Year 1653 leaving Issue by his Wife the Lady Anne of Oldenburg a Son named 1. Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein c. who now lives at Frantzhagen in Sax-Lawenburg which was his Wife's Portion together with his Son Prince Leopold Christian born 1678. 2. Ernestus Guntherus who lives at Augsburg with his Wife Augusta Daughter to his Uncle Philip Duke of Glucksburg by whom he has had Issue Frederick who now serves in the King of Denmark's Army Ernestus Philip slain at the Siege of Stetin Frederick William Provost of the Cathedral Church at Hamburg Lovise Charlotte married to Lewis Frederick Prince of Holstein in Beck And Ernestus Guntheras who turned his Religion and was made Canon of Colegne 3. Alexander Henry This Prince turn'd Catholick and died in the Year 1667. leaving Issue by his Wife a certain Reform'd Minister's Daughter Three Sons named Ferdinand Leopold Provost of the Cathedral at Breslaw Alexander Rudolph Canon of Bleslaw and Amuzen And George Ernestus Lieutenant General in one of the Imperial Armies 4. Augustus Philip who purchased the Castie of Beck where he died An. 1675 leaving Issue Sophia Lovise married to Frederick Count de Bukeburg Augustus Captain of the Guards to his Electoral Highness the Duke of Brandenburg who married Lovise Daughter of Philip Count de Lippe in Bukeburg and died of a Dysentery at the Siege of Bon An. 1689. Lewis Frederick likewise Captain of the Brandenburg Guards married Jan. the 11th 1685. to Lovise Charlotte his Uncle Ernest Gunther's Daughter Maximilian Anthony Gunther and Ernestus Camire 5. Philip Lewis born 1620. who bought the Castle of Wisenburg in Misnia but lives at present in the Castle of Oberkozau in Voightlandt where he begot three Sons whose names are 1. Frederick Lieutenant-General amongst the Imperialists who took to Wife Charlotte Dutchess of Lignitz by whom he has Issue Leopold born Jan. the 12th 1674. 2. Charles Lewis Captain of the Guards to the Landtgrave of Hesse And 3. William Christian born 1661. a Captain in the Elector of Saxony's Forces Of the Branch of Nordburg § XIII THe second Son of John Duke of Holstein was Frederick Propagator of the Branch of Nordburg who changed this Life for a better An. 1658. his Children being 1. John Bugislaus born 1629. deceased a Batchellor 1680. 2. Christian Augustus who twice Travelled over Palaestine and highly approv'd himself in the Wars by his good Services to the Dutch and English 3. Rudolph Frederick Colonel in the Dutch Forces who married the Countess Bibiana Daughter of Sigismund Sifrid Count de Promnitz the Baron de Lippe's Relict deceased 1685. having born him a Son and a Daughter namely Sophia Henrietta born 1682. and Ernestus Leopold 1684 both which are brought up in the Court of Wolfembuttel He himself died in November 1688. 4. Elizabeth Juliana born May the 24th 1634. and married to Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1656. 5. Dorothy Hedewig formerly Lady Abbess of Gandersheim but turn'd Catholick and married Christopher Count de Ranzan And 6. Lovise Amaena married to John Frederick Count de Hohenlob in the Year 1665. Of the Branch of Glucksburg § XIV THe Third Son of Duke
§ I. THo' the Dukes of Savoy may not improperly be referred to Germany and contained in the Upper-Circle of the Rhine yet because they are possessed of all Piemont in Italy as also many places in France we thought more convenient to treat of 'em in this place Now this Family is justly to be numbred amongst those of the greatest Antiquity since little that is certain can be spoke of its Original by reason thereof This nevertheless is without Dispute That Beraldus Marquess of Italy Earl of Savoy and Maurienne flourish'd in the beginning of the Eleventh Century and died about the Year 1023. His Son was Humbert the First surnamed Albimanus Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chabais and Valois who departed this Life in the Year 1048. being succeeded by his Son Otho Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chablais Valois and Aouste Marquess of Italy and Susa and Duke of Turin who died in 1091. This Otho was succeeded by his Brother Amadeus the Second for his Elder Brother Caudatus died before his Father who begat Humbert the Second Earl of Savoy Maurienne and Piemont Lord of Chablais Aouste and Tarento Marquess of Susa and Italy which Humbert departed this Life on Nov. 18. 1103. and left the Government of his Provinces to his Eldest Son Amadeus the Third who died at Nicâ—sia in an Expedition to the Holy Land on Apr. 1. 1149. Amadeus the Third was followed by his Son Humbert the Third surnamed The Saint who died March 4. 1186. Humbert's Son and Successor was Thomas the First Earl of Savoy c. and Vicar-General of the Empire in Lombardy and Piemont born May 20. 1177. deceased Jan. 20. 1233. This Prince lest many Children whereof we shall mention only Three and as serviceable to present purpose namely Amadeus the Fourth Thomas the Second and Philip. Amadeus the Eldest of the Three succeeded his Father and begat Boniface surnamed Roland which Boniface died without Issue in 1263. and was succeeded by his Uncle Philip who likewise had the same Fate Nov. 17. 1285. § II. Return we therefore to Thomas who departed this Life in the Year 1259. leaving Mac Three Sons whose Names were 1. Thomas of Savoy the Third of that Name born 1248. deceased 1282. whose Son Philip obtained all Piemont except the Marquisate of Susa upon the death of his Great Uncle Duke Philip without Issue where his Posterity ruled till the Year 1418. at which time it became extinct in Prince Lewis of Savoy 2. Amadeus the Fifth who in the division of Duke Philip's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Nephew Philip had the County of Savoy c. for his Lot Of this Prince more below 3. Lewis of Savoy Baron of Vaud whose Posterity failed in another Lewis An. 1350. Amadeus the Fifth by reason of his great Exploits surnamed The Great was born in 1249. and died Oct. 16. 1323. In 1310. he was created a Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Henry the Sixth The Children that survived him were 1. Edward born 1284. who succeeded him but died without Issue 1329. And 2. Aymon surnamed Pacificus or Peace-maker born Dec. 15. 1291. who succeeded his Brother Edward and died June 1343. leaving the Government to his Son Amadeus the Sixth who died in the Year 1383. and was succeeded by his Son Amadeus the Seventh surnamed The Red who begat Amadeus the Eighth of whom in the next Section § III. Amadeus the Eighth was born Sept. 4. 1383. and created Duke of Savoy by the Emperor Sigismund on Feb. 19. 1416. In 1418. Piemont in Italy c. fell to him upon the death of his Cousin Lewis without Issue In 1434. he gave up the Government to his Son Lewis betaking himself to an Ecclesiastick Life and died in the Year 1451. Lewis who succeeded him was born 1402. married Anne Lusignan Daughter to Jean King of Cyprus An. 1432. and died 1465. Amongst the Children that survived we find 1. Amadeus the Ninth who succeeded him and died 1472. being succeeded himself by his Son Charles the Second Duke of Savoy who died 1490. leaving his Son Charles John Amadeus Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born 1448. to succeed him This Charles John died Childless An. 1496. 2. Philip surnamed Sans Terrae or Lack-land born Feb. 5 1438. nevertheless in the extremity of his Age he came to be Duke and Heir to a farthing to all the Lands and Estates of his Grand-Nephew Duke Charles John Amadeus above-mentioned He departed this Life on Nov. 7. 1497. and left the Government to his Son 1. Philibert the Second born 1480. deceased without Issue Sept. 10. 1504. whereupon the Government fell to his Brother 2. Charles the Third born 1486. deceased 1553. whose Son was Emanuel Philibert of whom in the next Section § IV. Emanuel Philibert was born July 1 1428. and from his very Youth proved himself an excellent Souldier in the Service of the Emperour Charles V. On July 9. 1559. he married Margaret Daughter to Francis I. King of France and died Aug. 30. 1580. leaving only a Son Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born Jan. 12. 1562. a Prince to use the Words of the Learned Im. Hoff in his Geneal Gall. of sublime Parts and happy Memory excellently well read in all sorts of Learning especially Mathematicks He had a very sharp War with the French but with bad success On March 11. 1685. he married Catharina Michaelis of the House of Austria Daughter to Philip II. King of Spain and died July 26. 1630. leaving Issue 1. Philip Emanuel Prince of Piemont born 1586. deceased 1605. 2. Victor Amadeus of whom in the next § 3. Emanuel Philibert Knight of Jerusalem Prince of Oneglia and Vice Roy of Sicily born 1588. deceased at Palermo 1624. 4. Margaret born April 28. 1589. married to Francis Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 1608. deceased June 26. 1655. 5. Isabel born March 11. 1591. and married to Alphonsus of Este Duke of Modena She died 1626. 6. Maurice Cardinal of S.R. E. born Jan. 10. 1593. but afterwards coming to be Prince of Oneglia he married Aboisia Mary his Brother Amadeus's Daughter yet died without Issue Oct. 4. 1657. 7. Mary a profess'd Nun she died 1656. 8. Frances Catharine she was likewise profess'd and died 1641. 9. Thomas Francis Prince of Carignan Dec. 21. 1596. of whom in the last § 10 Joan born and deceased the same Year viz. 1597. § V. 'T is now time Victor Amadeus again appear He was born May 3. 1587. and succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Savoy This Prince was a great Lover of Peace nevertheless a new War breaking out 'twixt France and Spain he declared for the first which involv'd him in so many Difficulties that being oppress'd by 'em he fell into a Fever whereof he died in a few Days Oct. 7. 1637. His Dutchess was Daughter to King Henry IV. of France by whom he had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Aloisia Mary Christina born July 27. 1629. and married to her Uncle Maurice Prince of
of the Dutchy of Luxenburg as well as of the City of the same Name In 1686. the Principality of Swibuse together with the City of that Name was by an amicable Accommodation deliver'd up to the Elector of Brandenburg Last of all the French King breaking the Truce took Philipsburg on the Rhine from this Family Nov. 1. 1688. O. S. Of its Pretensions § XIX THe Pretensions of the House of Austria are 1. To the Dutchy of Burgundy which appertain'd of right to Maximilian I. as having married Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Burgundy but the then King of France refus'd to invest him on pretence of the Salique Law 2. To Transylvania Moldavia Walachia and Bulgaria as Dependencies of the Kingdom of Hungary 3. To the Counties of Habsburg Baden and Kiburg 4. To the City of Schaffbuse 5. To the Kingdom of Portugal as having actually revolted from that of Spain 6. To the Dutchy of Luxenburg And lastly To the City and Castle of Philipsburg CHAP. II. Of the House of France § I. TO find out the Rise of the present House of France we are to look back as far as Hugh the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris deceased 956. His eldest Son was Hugh Capet Duke of France Marquess of Orleans and Count of Paris who upon the death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemaigne was by the unanimous Consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom An. 987. And his Son Robert being in the same Year declared his Successor united the aforesaid Provinces to the Crown His Queen was Aloisia Daughter of William Duke of Aquitain by whom he had Issue Robert aforesaid from his great Piety surnamed The Saint who succeeded in the Throne of France upon the death of his Father in the Year 998. He was also Heir to the Dutchy of Burgundy upon his Uncle Henry's decease and departed this Life himself in 1031. having had two Queens viz. Bertha Daughter of Conrade King of Burgundy and Constance Daughter of William Count of Arles and Provence And by then two Sons namely 1. Henry of whom more in the next Section And 2. Robert Propagator of the Line of Burgundy the which became extinct in Philip Duke of Burgundy An. 1361. And whereas it had spread it self into two lesser Branches viz. that of Montaigue and that of Vienne or Dauphiné yet the first fail'd in Claudius de Montaigue An. 1468. the other in Humbert II. 1358. who seeing himself destitute of Issue made over Dauphiné to Philip of Valois King of France for 40000 Florins and on condition That for the future the eldest Son of France should be styled The Dauphin § II. Return we now to Henry I. Crown'd King of France 1031. The beginning of whose Reign was made uneasie by his Mother for she being desirous to advance his Brother Robert to the Throne stirred up many of the Nobility against him But the Business being decided by a Battel the Victory fell to the juster side His Death bears date 1060. And his Issue by Agnes Daughter of Basilius King of Russia were 1. Philip I. And 2. Hugh Count de Vermandois de Valois de Chaumont and d'Amiens whose Posterity fail'd in Rudolph II. Count de Vermandois c. An. 1158. Philip succeeded his Father at the age of nine Years and was Crown'd King of France An. 1060. His first Queen was Bertha Daughter of Florence I. Earl of Holland whom he divorc'd in 1093. and married Bertrada Daughter to Simon Earl of Montfort By the first be had 1. Lewis VI. but first of this Line surnam'd The Gross born 1081. 2. Henry deceased an Infant 3. Constance married to Hugh Earl of Champaigne and after his decease to Boemund Prince of Antioch By the second 1. Philip Count de Mans who married Elizabeth Daughter of Guy the second Baron of Mont le Herry but died without Issue 2. Florus Father of Elizabeth of Nantes 3. Caecilia married first to Tancred Prince of Antioch and after his decease to Pontius of Tholouse Count of Tripoli in Syria And 4. Eustachia espoused to John Count d'Estampes Of these Lewis succeeded his Father at his decease and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1108. His Queen's Name was Adelain Daughter of Humbert II. Duke of Savoy who bore him this following Issue 1. Philip deceased sixteen Years old 2. Lewis VII born 1119. of whom in the next Section 3. Henry Archbishop of Reims 4. Robert III. Count de Dreux whose Posterity became extinct in John An. 1590. 5 Philip Archdeacon of Paris deceased 1164. 6 Peter Baron or Lord of Courtnay whose Posterity fail'd in Stephen de Raviers An. 1383. 7. Hugh deceased in his Infancy And 8. Constance married to Raymund Earl of Tholouse § III. Lewis VII surnam'd The Younger was born in 1119. and Crown'd King of France 1131. His first Queen was Eleanor Daughter and Heiress of William Duke of Aquitain whom he divorc'd in 1152. After which she was married to Henry Duke of Normandy who coming afterwards to be King of England did grievously annoy the French King His second was Constance Daughter to Alphonso VIII King of Castile who died in 1159. And his third Alice Daughter of Theobald Earl of Chambagne whom he married in 1161. She died 1205. By the first he had Issue 1. Mary married to Henry Count de Champagne She died 1179. And 2. Alice married to Theobald Earl of Chartres and Blois By the second only a Daughter named Margaret married to Henry eldest Son of Henry II. King of England and after his decease to Bela III. King of Hungary whom she likewise out-liv'd and went in Pilgrimage to the Holy Land in the City of Acres An. 1198. By by the third 1. Philip II. surnamed Augustus born Aug. 22. 1166. 2. Alice married to William Count de Ponthieu And 3. Agnes given in marriage to Comenius Alexius Emperour of Constantinople 1180. and after his death to Theodore Branas Lord of Adrianople Philip II.'s Inauguration to the Crown of France was Nov. 1. 1179. This Prince very much enlarged both the Power and Patrimony of the Crown of France for having overcome John sans Terre or Lack-land King of England he brought Normandy Bretagne Anjon Touraine Poictiers Clermont and part of Aquitain under his Jurisdiction His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of Baldwin IV. Earl of Haynault after whose decease he married Ingeburg Daughter of Waldemar King of Denmark but being afterwards divorc'd from her proceeded to a third Choice which was the Lady Agnes Daughter of Berthold Duke of By the first he had Issue only Lewis VIII born 1187. of whom in the next Section But by the third 1. Philip Earl of Bologne Clermont c. who by Maud Daughter of Reginald Earl of Dammarlin had Issue a Daughter named Joan and married to Scaevola de Châtillon 2. Mary after the decease of her first Husband Philip of Haynault Earl of
1615. he married Anna Maria Mauritia Daughter of Philip III. King of Spain whom he had betrothed in 1611. And by her left Issue 1. LEWIS XIV surnamed The Great the present King of France born Aug. 26. O.S. 1638. of whom below And 2. Philip Duke of Orleans Sept. 21. N.S. 1640. whose first Dutchess the Princess Henrietta Maria Stuart Daughter of Charles I. King of England departed this Life in June 1670. And he the next Year married Charlâ—tte Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Lewis Elector Palatine By the first Venture he had 1. Mary Aloisia or Louise born March 27. 1662. married Novemb. 17. 1679. to Charles II. King of Spain deceased without Issue by him 1689. 2. Philip deceased an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 1665. 4. Anne Mary born Aug. 27. 1669. and most happily married April 9. to Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy He has also a Son and a Daughter by the present Dutchess namely 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1674. And 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Madamoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. As for Lewis the Great the present King he succeed his Father in 1643. and was Crown'd by the Archbishop of Rheims June 7. 1654. of whose Actions I shall say little here since the Eyes of the whole World are upon ' em His Queen was Maria Theresia Daughter of Philip IV. King of Spain who died July 30. 1683. by whom he has only a Son now living namely Lewis XV. surnamed The Hardy the present Dauphin born Nov. 1. 1661. In 1680. he married Maria Anna Christina Daughter of Ferdinand Maria late Elector of Bavaria by whom he has had three Sons whose Names are 1. Lewis Duke of Burgundy born Aug. 6. 1682. 2. Philip Duke of Anjou born Novemb. 19. 1683. And 3. Gaston Duke of Berry born Aug. 31. 1686. But besides the Dauphin the present French King has several Natural Children as namely Mary Anne de Bourbon born 1666. and married in 1680. to Lewis of Bourbon Prince de Conti And Lewis de Bourbon born 1667. Supreme Intendant of the Marine These two were born him by Aloisia Frances de la Beaume la Blanche de la Valiere Dutchess de Vaujour and Peeress of France Daughter of Laurence de la Valiere now a Carmelite Nun by the Name of Sister Aloisia de Misericordia or of Mercy As likewise Lewis Augustus de Bourbon Duke of Main born 1670. and made legitimate three Years after Lewis Caesar de Bourbon Count de Vexin born 1672. deceased 1683. Aloisia Frances de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Nantes born 1673. and married in 1685. to Lewis Duke of Bourbon Aloisia Mary Anne deceased 1681. Lewis Alexander de Bourbon Count de Toulouse born 1678. made Legitimate 1681. Intendant likewise of the Marine And Frances Mary de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Rlois born 1681. Which Six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Rochechouart Gabriel Prince de Mortemar's Daughter and Wife of Henry de Lewis Paidaillan Marquess of Montespan § XVI It remains we now return to Lewis Prince de Conde youngest Son of Charles Duke of Vendôme born 1530. whom we mentioned in the latter end of Sect. XIII Numb 9. He was slain at the bloody Battel of Jarnac 1569. by one Montesque a Captain under the Duke of Anjou notwithstanding he offer'd 100000 Crowns for his Ransom The Issue that survived him were 1. Henry Prince of Conde born 1552. 2. Francis Prince of Conti born 1558. who had only Natural Issue though twice married 3. Charles Archbishop of Roan and Cardinal deceased 1594. 4. Charles Count de Soissons Peer and Grand Master of France born 1566. deceased 1614. leaving Issue 1. Aloisia married to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1637. 2. Lewis born 1604. deceased 1641. And 3. Mary born 1606. and married to Thomas of Savoy Prince of Carignan Henry the eldest Brother was a Prince of great Courage and hath his Life finely written by Thuanus in his History Lib. 90. His first Princess was Mary of Cleve Daughter of Francis Duke of Nevers But she dying in 1574. he afterwards married Charlotte Catharine de Tremolle Daughter of Lewis Duke of Thovars and departed this Life 1588. leaving Issue by the last Lady as followeth namely 1. Eleanora born 1587. married in 1606. to Philip William of Nassau Prince of Orange deceased 1619. And 2. Henry II. Prince of Conde born after his Father's decease Sept. 1. 1588. His Princess was Charlotte Margaret Daughter of Henry II. Duke of Montmorency who bore him 1. Anne married in 1642. to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1679. 2. Lewis II. Prince of Conde And 3. Armand Prince of Conti of which two apart And first for Lewis He was born in 1621. and justly to be ranked among the greatest Hero's of the Age. He took to Wife Clara Clementia Daughter of Urban Marquess of Breze and departed this Life 1685. to the great Grief of all good Men. His only Son Henry Julius de Bourbon is now living born July 29. 1643. formerly styled Duke d'Enghien but now since his Father's death Prince of Conde His Princess is Anne Daughter of Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who has born him this following Issue now living 1. Mary Theresia Madamoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis Duke of Bourbon born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia Frances Natural Daughter of the present French King 3. Mary Anne Madamoiselle de Montmorency born 1675. 4. Anne Mary Victoria Madamoiselle d'Enghien born 1676. And 5. Aloisia Benedicta Madamoiselle de Conde born 1678. As for Armand Prince de Conti the other Brother he was born 1629. married to Anne Mary of Montmorency Cardinal Mazarine's Neice by the Sister 1654. deceased 1666. leaving two Sons 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. In 1680. he took to Wife Mary Anne de Bourbon the King 's Natural Daughter made legitimate yet died without Issue in 1685. And 2. Francis Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1668. Of the Augmentation of the House of France § XVII IN the Year 861. Robert Earl of Orleans was created Duke and Marquess of the Franks by Charles the Bald King of France to whose Son Eudo the County of Paris was likewise added by Charles the Gross King of France After this Hugh Capet came to be King An. 987. whose Brother Otho having married Leutgarde Daughter and Heiress to the last Duke of Burgundy in her Right possessed himself of that Dutchy Philip II. having defeated John sans Terre King of England brought Normandy Bretagne Anjou Touraine Poictou and Clermont with part of Aquitain under his Obedience and incorporated the same with the Crown Charles Duke of Anjou was Crown'd King of both the Sicily's An. 1266. He likewise became possessed of Provence in Right of his Wife as also of a Title to the Kingdom of Jerusalem by the Donation of Mary Princess of Antioch Charles Martel his Grandson was Crown'd King of Hungary in 1290. in right of his Mother
Fifty eighth Year of his Age and of his Reign of England the Twenty second and of Scotland the Fifty sixth He had but one Wife viz. Queen Anne of whom before and by her 1. Henry Friderick Stuart Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Rothsey and Earl of Chester born in Scotland Feb. 19. 1593. died Nov. 6. 1612. 2. Robert Stuart born and died very young in Scotland 3. Elizabeth Stuart Queen of Bohemia and Princess Palatine of the Rhine born Aug. 19. 1596. in Scotland died Feb. 13. 1661. 4. Margaret Stuart born in Scotland Decemb 24. 1598. died young 5. Charles Stuart Duke of York and Albany born Novemb. 19. 1600. succeeded his Father 6. Mary Stuart born in England March-1605 died two Years after And 7. Sophia Stuart born in England June 21. 1606. died two days after XXV To his Father his elder Brother being dead succeeded Charles the First of that Name about the Age of Twenty five Years and was proclaim'd King the same Day his Father died The Solemnity of whose Funerals being over the first thing he did was to hasten the coming over of the Queen to whom he was married by Proxy at Paris May 1. and consummated at Canterbury June 13. following Of this Prince it may be truly said He was a Man of Sorrows And yet if there be any thing in History to be named before him it is not that He was less able but their Times better Therefore for the truer understanding of both it is the least Justice we can do His MEMORY to consider under what ill Circumstances He came to the Crown There had follow'd his Father out of Scotland Two Sorts of People the One purely for the Loaves the Other to double the Interest of that Doctrine that had forc'd his Mother out of Her Kingdom who kept himself so long in Pupillage and to which England was not so altogether a Stranger but that they found the Lump leven'd to their hand Some like them calling also themselves the Lord's Ambassadours and pretending a Right from God to Govern every one his Parish and their Assembly the whole Nation Others and those different in Opinions among themselves that would have all Congregations free and independent upon one another Others That held Christ's Personal Reign was at this time to begin upon Earth and therefore would have no other King but King Jesus Besides several others from the first Litter yet every of them desending its Sect by Scripture according to the narrow scantling of their own Interpretations These again meeting with a Purse-proud City a poor Crown and a Gentry that no less affected a Popular Government in the State than themselves did in the Church Both cry up Liberty and inveigh against Tyranny that is whatever they were not themselves And so what wonder of those Consequents that embroil'd the King's Reign The ill Effects of which too many have seen and may perhaps be felt the next Century However the King having summon'd his Parliament to meet at Westminster June 18. aforesaid he told them That at their earnest Entreaty in March 1623. his Father had taken Arms for the recovery of the Palatinate which with the Crown was now devolv'd upon Himself That the Supplies already given held no proportion with the Charge of the Enterprize That the Eyes of all Europe were upon him and a Failure in this his first Attempt would be a Blemish to his futare Honour And therefore desired them if not for His for their Own Reputation to deliver him fairly out of that War wherewith themselves had incumbred him by an expeditious Supply On which the Commons gave Two Subsidies and the Clergy Three and the Parliament by reason of the Plague was adjourn'd to Oxford to be held there Aug. 1. following where the King briefly acquaints them with his Wants in order to the design 's Expedition They on the other hand petition against Popish Recusants and receive from him a satisfactory Answer but instead of a Supply debate a Remonstrance of Grievances to be first redress'd before a Supply given So that not agreeing who should be first trusted the King or Themselves the Parliament was dissolv'd and another summon'd to meet at Westminster the next 6th of February The Candlemas Day before which the King was solemnly Crown'd But here also the King met no better success than he had in his first For the Commons began where they left at Oxford with Religion and Grievances And to add to it it fell unfortunately that the Earl of Bristal being under restraint the King had sent him no Writ of Summons to the Parliament whereupon he petitions the Peers That being a Peer of the Realm he had not receiv'd a Writ of Summons and therefore pray'd the Benefit of his Peerage and that if any Charge were against him he might be Tried in Parliament Upon which and the Request of the Peers his Writ was sent him with a Letter from the Lord Keeper That though his Majesty had awarded him the Writ yet 〈◊〉 was his Pleasure that his Personal Attendance should be forborn This Letter the Earl sent to the Lords with a second Petition beseeching to be heard both as to his wrongful Restraint and what he had to say Against the Duke of Buckingham This alarm'd the Duke whom the Commons already beheld with no good Eye and therefore to begin with him first the Duke prevails with the King to command the Attorney-General to Common him to the Lord's Barr as a Delinquent where he appear'd May 1. and was by Mr. Attorney charg'd with Eleven Articles of High-Treason But before they were read the Earl said My Lords I am a Free-man and a Peer of the Realm unattainted I have somewhat of high Consequence to his Majesty's Service and beseech your Lordships to give me leave to speak The Lords bade him go on Then said he I accuse that Man the Duke of Buckingham of High-Treason And immediately presented Twelve Articles against him After which the Articles against the Earl being read and himself committed to the Black-Rod the House order'd That the King's Charge against the Earl should be first proceeded on before that of the Earl against the Duke And now the Ice thus broken the Common by eight of their own Members sent up Thirteen Articles of high Offences and Misdemeanours against the Duke which he answer'd with so much modesty that it much abated the Heat that many had against him And in regard the matters charged had been transcted in King James's time he claim'd the Benefit of the Pardon of the Twenty first of King James and the present King's Coronation Pardon On which the Commons thus dâ—â—appointed having prepared a Declaration of the same nature with their Impeachment the Parliament was dissolv'd by Commission June 14. 1626. and no Supply given By which means the Relief then setting forth for Rochel staid so late in the Year that they were dispers'd with ill Weather and forc'd to return without doing
1648. in the Forty eighth Year of his Age and Twenty fourth of his Reign And thus fell this oppress'd King than whom many have worn a Crown longer no one left it with so much Resolution His Queen and Relict was Henrietta Maria as hath been before said by whom he had Four Sons and as many Daughters 1. Charles Stuart born Christen'd and died the same Day March 18. 1628. 2. Charles Stuart Prince of Wales born May 29. 1630. who after a Twelve Years subversion of the Government was restor'd 1660. 3. James Stuart Duke of York born Octob. 14. 1633. who his Brother dying without Issue succeeded him in the Crown 4. Henry Stuart Duke of Gloucester born July 8. 1640. died after the Restauration Septemb. 13. 1660. His Daughters 1. Mary Stuart born Novemb. 4. 1631. married to William of Nassau Prince of Orange May 2. 1641. by whom she had one Son Henry William born nine Days after the Death of his Father Crown'd King of England April 11. 1689. She died Decemb 24. 1660. 2. Elizabeth Stuart born Decemb. 28. 1635. died Septemb. 8. 1650. 3. Anne Stuart born March 17. 1636. died Decemb. 8. 1640. 4. Henrietta Maria Stuart born June 16. 1644 at Exeter from whence she was convey'd into France and married to Philip Duke of Orleans Brother to Lewis XIV the present King of France She died 1670. King Charles I. being thus dead and that whatever it were of a Parliament according to the known Laws of England thereby dissolv'd they that had kill'd the Father knew they could not be secure 'till they had done as much by the Son and therefore immediately abolish the Monarchy and turn the Name Style Title and Test of the King into that of The Keepers of the Liberty of England by Authority of Parliament and make it High-Treason to proclaim or any ways to promote Charles Stuart commonly call'd Prince of Wales or any other Person to be King c. Yet this hindred not but that several printed Declarations in the Name of the Nobility Judges Gentry and other the Freemen of England were scattered about London thereby recognizing the Prince's Hereditary Birth-right to the Crown c. and their Resolutions of defending it to the last Man Dated Feb. 1. in the First Year of the Reign of King Charles II. XXVI The House of Lords was yet sitting and sent to the Commons for a Conference touching these matters who instead of vouchsafing them an Answer by their Votes Feb. 6. declare the Kingly Office to be unnecessary and burthensome and the Lords House dangerous and useless and therefore to be laid aside Against these Proceedings the Lords protest and the Army set a Guard upon their House to prevent their assembling And the Commons wholly took it away and their Privilege of Peerage with it unless being duly Qualified they shall be elected to sit in Parliament And thereupon enacted themselves The Supreme Authority of the Nation A Commonwealth and Free State without any King or House of Lords And committed the Executive Part of the Government to A Council of State erected by them of whom Forty were principal Officers in the Army And having obliterated the very Prints of Monarchy they proceeded to the Sale of King's Queen's Prince's Bishops Dean and Chapters and Delinquents Lands of which themselves were for the most part Purchasers and that at easie Rates During this time the Parliament of Scotland that they might at least seem not wanting to their Duty recognize the King's undoubted Right of Succession to the Crowns of these Kingdoms But with this Clause in it That he be not admitted to the Exercise of it 'till he had given Satisfaction to the Kingdom touching the Security of Religion and the Unity betwixt the Kingdoms according to the National Covenant and the Solemn League and Covenant Middleton on the other hand and several of the Scots Nobility that were for having the King admitted without previous Conditions take Arms in the Highlands but were dispers'd before the Marquess of Montross who with Men and Arms was just landed in the Isles of Orkney could come up to join them However this nothing daunted his Magnanimity but that with the Assistance of some few that came in to him he successfully made good the King's Interest against the Covenanters as he had formerly done his Royal Father's in 1645. And now they at home finding no great danger to be yet fear'd from Scotland cast an eye upon Ireland where the Irish had generally submitted to the King's Authority and with the Assistance of several of the English that had serv'd his Father had in a manner reduc'd the whole Kingdom excepting Dublin and the more remote parts of Ulster And having laid a new Tax of 90000 l. a Month for the maintenance of the Army they order Seven Regiments of Foot Four of Horse and One of Dragoons to be sent thither and appoint Cromwel General and his Son Ireton Lieutenant-General for the Expedition who with all the haste that could be transported their Forces and landed in Dublin Aug. 5. 1649. whence after a little refreshment Cromwel marches them for Drogedah and after several repulses takes it by storm puts all to the sword with out respecting either Age Sex or Condition and in less than a Year subdues the most part of the Kingdom to the Power of the New Commonwealth and returns for England leaving Iretan to finish the rest which he liv'd not to effect but died of the Plague at Limerick and was succeeded by Ludiour While things went thus in Ireland the Estates of Scotland had spun out a lingering Treaty with the King at Breda during which the Kirk-Party having surpriz'd Mentrosa defeated his Forces and gotten himself betray'd into their hands they bring him to Edinburgh hang him on a Gallows Thirty Foot high and quarter him May 21. 1650. at what time yet his Resolution was so great and his Deportment so winning that he won more from them by his manner of Dying than he could have vanquish'd in the Field by Arms. However the Treaty took effect at last and the King lands in Scotland and was proclaim'd at Edinburgh July 15. And now the Men at Westminster better known by the Name of The Rump think it high time to look about them and form an Army to be sent thither Fairfax should have commanded it but whether it were that the Covenant had bewitch'd him or Cromwel out-witted him he declin'd the Charge and Cromwel is made Generalissimo and with 16000 effective Men enters Scotland and has a Fleet on the Coasts to attend his motions Nor was it long ere he engag'd the Scots Army and gave them 6000 Horse and Dragoons and 15000 Foot a Defeat at Musleburgh and a total Rout at Dunbar Septemb. 3. the same Year On which they quit Edinburgh and retiring to St. Johnsteun for new Recruits Crown the King at Scoon Jan. 1. following Nor was Cromwel idle all this time but having Edinburgh-Castle surrender'd
Death bears date 1611. in the sixty first Year of his Age. The first Wife he married was Anne Mary Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine by whom he had a Daughter named Catharine living at his Death married to John Casimire Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts and by that match Grandmother of the present King His second Wife's name was Christina Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him Two Sons and as many Daughters viz. 1. Christina deceased in her Infancy 2. Gustavus Adolphus of whom more in the next Sect. 3. Mary Elizabeth married to John Duke of Finland And 4. Charles Philip Duke of Sudermanland deceased 1622. § III. Gustavus Adolphus who succeeded his Father was born in the Year 1594. and Crowned King of Sweden 1617. Two years after his Father's Death he made Peace with the Danes An 1613. and with the Muscovites the same Year he was Crown'd He continued the War with the Poles and reduced all Liffland in the Year 1625. making Prussia Regal the seat of War In 1630. he made an Expedition into Germany for suppressing the Enemies of the Reformed Religion where he was slain at the Battel of Lutzen Nov. 16. 1632. leaving Issue by Mary Eleanor Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg only a Daughter the Princess Christina who under the Regency of her Mother carried on the War in Germany by her General Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts her Father's Sister 's Son In the mean time the Danish War broke out a fresh till a Peace was again concluded with 'em in the Year 1645. As also with the Emperour and his Confederates In 1648. she changed her Religion and turned Catholick and taking her way thro' France went for Rome where she continued till the day of her Death which was in the Year 1689. on April 9. Old Stile § IV. Hereupon the Government fell to Charles Gustavus as next of Blood being Son to Catharine Gustavus Adolphus's Sister as hath been already said He was Crown'd King of Sweden June 16. 1654. and immediately ingaged in a War with the Pole wherein by the assistance of his Ally Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg he made himself Master of almost all Poland and Prussia In the mean time the Muscovites make an Incursion into Liffland and the Danes invade Bremen both which he opposed with good success He departed this Life Feb. 13. 1660. leaving by Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick Charles the Eleventh the present King at the Age of five Years to succeed him Who being educated under the Government of his Mother and the Nohility by the Mediation of the French King concluded the Peace of St. Olives in the first Year of his Reign 1660. with the Emperor the King of Poland and his Serene Highness the Elector of Brandenburg Afterwards making an Alliance with the French he had a fresh War with the Danes as also the Elector of Brandenburg and his Allies especially with the Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg till Peace was once more restored by the Treaty of Nimeguen In 1680. he settled the Monarchy and revoked all Grants of the Crown Demeans made to this or that Family by any of his Ancestors and the same Year married Ulrica Eleanora Princess of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. Hedewig Sophia born June 26. 1681. 2. Charles Prince Royal born June 17. 1682. 3. Ulrick Eleanor Jan. 21. 1688. as for Gustavus Ulrick and Charles Gustavus they were both short liv'd § V. It remains we say something of Sigismund the Third King of Poland who left Two Sons 1. Uladislaus the Fourth his Successor in that Kingdom who brought the Muscovites to such terms as made 'em Surrender to the Poles whatever they had taken from them till that time nevertheless died without Issue May 20. 1648. And 2. John Casimire Jesuit and Cardinal who upon his Brother's decease was by a dispensation from the Pope Elected and Crowned King on the 17th of January in the same Year yet afterwards abdidicated the Government and resumed his Monastick Habit being the last of the Swedish Race in Poland Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. IT has been already observ'd how Gustavus of Wasa was the first of the present Royal Family of Sweden He was Crowned in 1523. and at the same time had Sweden properly so called put into his Possession together with Nord-Land Gothland Finland and whatever else appertained at that time to the Kingdom of Sweden In 1578. the Soldiers of Liffland put themselves with their Families and Effects under the Protection of Erick King of Sweden which was afterwards confirmed by the Peace concluded at the Monastry of St. Olives in Dantzick by which Peace all Livonia beyond the Dwina was adjudged to the Swede for ever Article the 4th Sect. 1. In 1618. Gustavus Adolphus by the Peace then made with the Muscovite gained the Russian Carelia and Ingermanlands In 1648. the hither Pomerania with the Isle of Rugen c. were yielded up to the Swedes as were also the City of Weismar Dutchy of Bremen and Principality of Ferden by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 10. By the Peace of Roschild concluded with the Danes 1658. there was an Accession to this Crown of Halland Schenen and Bleking together with the Government and Citadel of Babuys all which was ratified by the Treaty of Nimeguen Of its Decrease § VII THere is scarce any Instance to be given in this Family of any diminution suffered by It unless the Inhabitants of Ingermanland's leaving their Native Country and retiring into Muscovy with their Families and Effects be looked upon as One and therefore can have no Claims were it not that the present King of Sweden has a just pretension to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts taken from his Family by the French King CHAP. VI. Of the House of Portugal § I. HOw Portugal then called Lusitania together with all Spain became first subject to the Roman Government how the Goths beat out the Romans and established themselves there how afterwards about the Year 714. the Moors and Saracens after a total defeat given Roderick the last King of the Goths made themselves Masters in a manner of the whole Country the brevity of our design will not permit us to discourse at large If any are desirous to be acquainted with the particulars of these Transactions let 'em consult the famous Pufendorf and those other Authors mentioned by Beckman in the first Chapter and first Section of his Civil History 'T is sufficient for us to know that towards the latter end of the Eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of his Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of
an Earldom together with his natural Daughter Theresia to Wife nevertheless with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoak and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be Proclaimed King of Portugal about the Year 1139. And departed this Life 1185. leaving for his Successor Sanctius the First Father of Alphonso the Second who died in the Year 1223. and was succeeded by Sanctius the Second who dying without Issue in the Year 1246. the Crown fell to his Brother Alphonso the Third This Alphonso had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile and was Father of Denys of whose eminent Vertues and great Actions the Pertuguese to this day relate Wonders It was he that Founded the University of Coimbra and died in the Year 1325. His Son was Alphonso the Fourth who begat Peter or Pedro Father of Ferdinand King of Portugal who after many bloody Engagements with the Moors ended his days without Issue in the Year 1333. § II. Hereupon followed an Interregnum of almost two Years continuance when by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility John the Bastard natural Son of Peter mentioned in the precedent Section was Proclaim'd King and had Issue 1. Henry born 1401. 2. Peter Duke of Coimbra put to death by his Nephew King Alphonso the Fifth in the Year 1449. 3. Ferdinand taken Prisoner by those of Barbary and carried into Africk where he died 1443. 4. Henry who first discovered the Madera Island in 1420. and died 1460. 5. Alphonso the Bastard Duke of Braganza a natural Son deceased 1461. Edward the Eldest who succeeded in the Throne married Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand King of Castile and died of the Plague in the Year 1438. leaving Issue Two Sons 1. Alphonso the Fifth born 1432. And 2. Ferdinand Infant of Portugal and Duke of Visco deceased 1470. Alphonso the Fifth at his Father's death ascended the Throne and had sharp and frequent Wars with the Moors as also with Ferdinand the Catholick King of Castile His Death bears date 1481. at which time he was succeeded by his Son 1. John the Second who notwithstanding he had taken his Cousin-Germain the Lady Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand Duke of Visco to be his Queen yet had he no Issue that out-liv'd him his only Son Alphonso coming to an accidental Death in the Year 1491. whereas himself Surviv'd till 1495. Look we back therefore to Ferdinand Duke of Visco and his Posterity whose Male Issue were 1. James Duke of Visco put to death in the Year 1484. by his Cousin-Germain King John the Second 2. Emanuel 1469. § III. This Emanuel after the Death of King John the Second was Crowned King of Portugal in the Year 1495. He expelled the Moors out of his Countries and obliged the Jews to profess the Christian Faith He subdued great part of the East-Indies and planted Brasil with Colonies from Portugal His first Queen was Isabel Daughter to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain His second Mary Isabella's Sister And his last Eleanor Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain married afterwards to Francis the First King of France By the first Lady he had Issue only one Son Prince Michael who had he liv'd wou'd have Heired all the Spanish Territories But by the second and third Venture 1. John the Third the no less happy Successor of a Fortunate Father born 1502. married to Catharine Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain by whom he had Issue John Infant of Portugal deceased before his Father who died not till the Year 1557. At which time there was surviving of the Body of John Infant of Portugal by Joan his Wife Daughter of Charles the Fifth Emperour and King of Spain Prince Sebastian a Child about Three Years of Age born 1554. who succeeded his Grand-Father John the Third in the Kingdom of Portugal This unfortunate Prince some Years after making a descent upon Africk perished there with his whole Army Aug. the 4th 1578. 2. Isabella born 1503. married to Charles the Fifth Emperor and King of Spain 1526. deceased 1593. 3. Henry born 1512 promoted to a Red-Hat 1546. And afterwards upon the most unhappy death of his Nephew Sebastian to be King of Portugal but died 1580. 4. Edward Infant of Portugal born 1515. deceased 1540. whose Wife was Isabel Daughter of James Duke of Braganza by whom he had Issue Catharine married to John Duke of Braganza whose Grandson became afterwards possessed of the Crown of Portugal as will appear in the next Section 5. Lewis Infant of Portugal deceased 1555. leaving only a natural Son called Antonio who upon the death of his Uncle Henry was elected King 15 But being in the same Year beat out of his Country by Philip the Second King of Spain fled into France and ended his days at Paris An. 1595. § IV. Thus fell the Government into the hands of the Spaniards for Philip the Second partly because he was Son of Isabella Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal and partly because he had married Mary Daughter of John the Third on these Pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom by force of Arms in the Year 1580. Nevertheless 't was again lost by his Grandson in the Year 1640. for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoak elected John Duke of Braganza to be their King This Prince born March 19. 1604. was descended of the Posterity of Alphonso the first Duke of Braganza who was natural Son of John the First King of Portugal as you may see by looking back to the second Section Numb 5. And his Grand-mother was Catharine Daughter of Edward Infant of Portugal mention'd by us in the precedent Section Numb 4. He governed the State of Portugal from 1640. till 1656. in which Year he departed this Life Nov. 6. His Queen was Donna Lucia Daughter of John Emanuel Perez de Gusman Duke of Medina Sidonia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Theodosius Infant of Portugal deceased 1653. 2. Catharine born at Villa Vicosa Nov. 15. O. S. 1638. and espoused at Portsmouth by His late Majesty King Charles the Second in the Month of May 1662. 3. Alphonso the Sixth born 1643. who under the Regency of his Mother had sharp Wars with the Spaniards with whom at length he concluded a Peace in the Year 1668. In 1667. he took to Wife the Lady Mary Frances Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Amadeus de Savoy Duke of Nemours who after sixteen Months living with him procured a Divorce and retired to a Cloyster In 1668. he was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or the Government and sent the Year following to the Tercera Island where he ended his days 1683. 4. Peter born 1648. who upon his Brother Alphonso's being Deposed in 1668. was made first Regent and after his death King of Portugal By a
dispensation from his Holiness he married the Princess Mary Frances Elizabeth his Brother's Wife who departing this Life Dec. 27. 1683. he in 1687. took to Wife the Lady Mary Sophia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine He has a Daughter by the first Venture now living viz. Mary Elizabeth born 1669. and in 1689. Contracted to John William eldest Son of Philip William Elector Palatine As for the present Queen she was brought to Bed Aug. 30. 1688. of a young Prince whose date of Life was very short for it died the third of Sept. in the same Year However there is just now arrived an Express whilst we were writing this with the happy news of the Birth of a second Prince born this present October 1689. to whom God grant long Life and happy Success His name is John Of the Augmentation of This House § V. BY what has been already said it plainly appears how Alphonso the First made Himself King of Portugal Afterwards Alphonso the Third obtained the Kingdom of Algarve by way of Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile In 1415. John the Bastard possessed himself of the City of Ceuta in Africk His Son Henry discovered the Madera and subdu'd the Fortunate Islands and put his Country-men in Possession of them An. 1620. Alphonso the Fifth took Tangier Arcilla and Alcassar in Africa Emanuel by his General Albuquerque made himself Master of the Cities of Ormus Malaca Cochin and Goa in the East-Indies In Africk he subdued great part of Barbary Guinee Congo the Isle of St. Thomas Mosambique Melinda Mombaza and Zefala as also Brasil in America Moreover the Portuguese hold the City of Maoco situate in an Island not far from China as also the Azores Islands the chiefest of which is Tercera Of its Decrease § VI. THo' Portugal for some considerable time acknowledged the Spanish Government yet it was restored to it self in the Fortieth Year of this Century Since which time little or no Encroachments have been made on it by any King or State except the Hollanders whose East-India Company have by little and little wrested from the Portuguese in a manner all they were possessed of in those Parts some few Places excepted From all which it is plain that This Family has Pretensions to no other Places but those taken from it by the Dutch CHAP. VII Of the Palatine and Bavarian Family § I. HEnry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony of whom we shall make farther mention when we come to treat of the House of Brunswick and Lunenburg being Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho Earl of Wittelsbach and Scyre was created Duke of Bavaria by the said Emperor in the Year 1180. This Otho begat Lewis Father of Otho the Second Otho the Second married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry the Younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. His death bears date 1253. And his Issue were 1. Lewis the Severe born Ap. 13. 1229. of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married after the decease of the Emperor Conrade the Fourth her first Husband to Meinhard Earl of Goritia and Tyrole deceased 1270. 3. Sophia the Wife of Albert Count d' Albersberg And 4. Henry born 1235. who had the Lower Bavaria for his Patrimony and married the Daughter of Bela the Fourth King of Hungary by whom he had Issue Three Sons 1. Otho his Successor in Bavaria elected also King of Hungary in opposition to Charles Martel An. 1305. but afterwards taken Prisoner by the Veywode of Transilvania and died 1312. having first regained his liberty and leaving Issue an only Son who was named Henry and taken off by a suddain and accidental death 2. Lewis deceased without Issue 1296. And 3. Stephen Duke of the Lower Bavaria deceased 1â—11 leaving Issue 1st Otho deceased Issueless 2dly Henry who begat John which John took to Wife his Cousin Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria but dying without Issue his Father-in-law the Emperor seized on the Lower Bavaria notwithstanding the Pretensions and Protestations of Adolph Elector Palatine the nearer Kinsman 3dly Beatrix married to Henry Earl of Goritia 4thly Elizabeth given in Marriage to Otho of Austria Fifth Son to the Emperor Albert the First And 5thly Agnes who was veiled a Nun. § II. We now return to Lewis the Severe Count and Elector Palatine who elected Rudolph the First Emperor but was afterwards Proscribed himself by Adolph of Nassau the succeeding Emperor yet upon making his Innocency appear was receiv'd again into favour and ended his days at Heidelberg An. 1294. This Prince had Three Wives the first of which was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Brabant beheaded by him out of Jealousie Feb. 1. 1256. The second Anne Daughter of Conrade Duke of Glogow deceased 1268. And the third Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Rudolph the First deceased Decemb. 23. 1304. His Issue by these Ladies were 1. Lewis the Second deceased before his Father An. 1290. being accidentally but mortally wounded at a Tournament 2. Rudolph born 1274. of whom more in the next Section 3. Another Lewis of whom we shall treat in the 18th Section as Author of the Bavarian Line 4. Anne married to Henry Landtgrave of Hesse And 5. Mechtilda or Maud to Otho Duke of Lunenburg Of the Palatine Line in particular § III. RUdolph succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line whereof mention is made in the Fourth Art of the Instrument of the Peace of Osnaburg This Prince opposed himself to the Designs of the Emperor Albert the First which created him much mischief Nor cou'd he ever agree with his Brother Lewis who reduced him in the end to such extremities as forced him to take Refuge in England where he died in Exile An. 1319. He had to his first Wife Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Adolph of Nassau deceased 1315. And to his second an English Princess of the same name By the first Venture he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Adolph the First born 1300. deceased 1327. of whom more in the next Section 2. Rudolph the Second made Elector after his Brother Adolph's decease and being reconciled to his Uncle Lewis of Bavaria the Emperour had the whole Palatinate put into his hands He departed this Life 1353. leaving Issue by his Wife Anne Daughter of Otho Duke of Carinthia only one Daughter of her Mother's name and afterwards married to the Emperor Charles the Fourth 3. Rupert the First who opened the University of Heidelberg in the Year 1346. and after his Brother Rudolph's decease succeeded in the Electoral Dignity He made an Expedition ' gainst the Impostor of Brandenburg who pretended to be Waldomar the late deceased Marquess of that
Palatine and Bavarian Lines This Prince departed this Life before his Father An. 1504. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of George Duke of Bavaria aforesaid 1. Otho Henry born 1502. in the beginning of his Life an unhappy Princes Of all his Mother's Inheritance he obtained only the Dutchy of Newburg In 1542. he made publick Profession of the Reformed Religion and succeeding in the Electorate at the decease of his Uncle Frederick the Second wholly extirpated the Romish Religion out of all the Palatinate He was also Founder of the Library a◠Heidelburg and died without Issue 1559. And 2. Philip the Third born 1503. who is 1529. bravely defended Vienna against the dreadful Assaults of the Turkish Army being at that time Governour o◠the City where he highly signalized his Courage He deceased a Batchellor 1548. 4. Frederick the Second surnamed The Wise as also The Pious born Dec. 9. 1483. This Prince spent his Youth in the Court of Philip of Austria and was afterwards made to Charles the Fifth He was likewise present at the Election of the said Charles as Proxy for his Brother Lewis the Elector and in 1519. sent to him to signifie his Promotion to the Imperial Throne After that he was often his Deputy and Vicar in his Absence In most of the Dyets he was one of the chief Counsellors and President of that held in 1528. He twice headed the Imperial Armies against the Turks and forced Solyman to raise his Siege from before Vienna In 1544. he succeeded his Brother in the Electoral Dignity In 1546. he made Profession of the Protestant Faith and began to introduce the same into his Dominions Nevertheless he admitted the Book Intituled Interim for fear he might too far incense the Emperor Charles the Fifth He departed this Life in the 73d Year of his Age An. 1556. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Christian the Second King of Denmark but by her no Issue 5. George the First born Feb. 10. 1486. elected Bishop of Sponheim 1513. He began to build the Fortification and Castle of Udenheim since called Philipsburg and died 1529. 6. Henry Bishop of Worms born Feb. 15. 1587. deceased 1552. or 1554. 7. John Bishop of Ratisbonne born 1488 deceased 1538. 8. Wolfgang surnamed The Wise born Oct. 31. 1494. He liv'd at Newmark where he likewise died of Old Age Apr. 2. 1558. 9. Otho Henry born and dead the same Year viz. 1496. 10. Aemilia the Wife of George the First Duke of Stetin deceased 1524. 11. Helen married to Henry Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1513. 12. Elizabeth espoused by William Landtgrave of Hesse An. 1498. and after his decease by Philip Marquess of Baden she died 1522. And 13. Catharine who was Veiled a Nun. § VII Matters thus far cleared we now return to Stephen fifth Son to the Emperor Rupert of whom we made mention in the fourth Section Numb 5. This Prince had the County of Simmeren for his Patrimony and took to Wife the Lady Anne the only Daughter of Frederick Count Veldentz with whom he had that whole County as also great part of the County of Sponheim She likewise bore him Issue 1. Frederick born 1417. 2. Margaret deceased a Maid An. 1426. 3. Lewis of whom more below in the twelfth Section 4. Rupert the Seventh Bishop of Strasburg deceased Oct. 18. 1478. 5. John the Third Bishop of Munster afterwards Arch Bishop of Magdeburg deceased Nov. 13. 1475. 6. Stephen the Second Canon of Cologne deceased 1481. And 7. Another John Canon of Strasburg Of these Frederick the Eldest surnamed Der Hundes Xuecten obtained the County of Simmeren and upper part of the County of Sponheim by Virtue of his Father's Will and died 1486. leaving Issue by Margaret Daughter of Arnold Duke of Guelderland these Five following Princes 1. John the Sixth of whom more in the next Section 2. Rupert the Ninth Bishop of Ratisbonne deceased 1507. 3. Stephen the Third Provost of the Cathedral at Cologne 4. William Canon of Triers And 5. Frederick the Second Canon of Cologne § VIII John the Sixth succeeded his Father in the Palatinate of Simmeren and departed this Life in the Year 1509. having begot on his Wife Joan of Nassau John the Eighth and Frederick Provost of the Cathedral Church of Strasburg John the Elder of the Two succeeded his Father and was a very learned Prince upon which account he was made President of the Imperial Chamber at Spire by the Emperor Charles the Fifth He departed this Life An. 1557. having had Two Wives the first being Beatrix Daughter of Christopher Marquess of Baden the other Mary Jacobaea Daughter of James Earl of Ettingen By the first Lady he had Issue 1. Elizabeth married to George Count d' Epach 2. Sabina given in Marriage An. 1544. to Lamoral Count d' Egmont who was publickly Beheaded by the common Executioner at Bruxels An. 1568. by the command of the Duke d' Alva then Governour of the Netherlands 3. Frederick the Third born Feb. 14. 1515. of whom more in the next Section 4. George born Feb. 20. 1518. a Prince of great Courage who serv'd the Spaniard against the French He was of the Reform'd Religion and took to Wife Elizabeth Daughter to William Landtgrave of Hesse yet died without Issue May 19. 1569. 5. Richard who upon his Brother George's Decease without Issue became Possessed of the Principality of Simmeren He was a great Stickler for the Lutheran Confession which was the reason he was kept from the Manage of Affairs and Guardianship of his Nephew Frederick the Elector during his Minority who was brought up a Calvinist He likewise died as his Brother George did without Issue notwithstanding he was thrice Married An. 1598. 6. William deceased an Infant 7. Helen the Wife of Philip Count de Leining 8. Magdalen married to Philip Earl of Hanover 9. N Lady Abbess of Newburg born 1516. deceased 1562. 10. Jean Prioress of Poppart And 11. Ottilia all Veiled Nuns 12. Mary and all Veiled Nuns 13. Catharine all Veiled Nuns § IX Frederick the Third upon the Death of the Elector Otho Henry mention'd by us in the sixth Section Numb 3. without Issue succeeded him in the Electorate as next of Blood An. 1559. This Prince established the Reformed Religion in his Dominions upon which Account he suffered very much In 1560 he caused a Conference to be held at Heidelberg and Published the Heidelberg Catechism three Years after He was likewise a vigorous Promoter of the Hugonets Cause in France and sent assistance to the Dutch His first Marriage was with Mary Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg deceased Oct. 21. 1567. After which he took to Wife the Lady Aemilia Daughter to Humbert Earl of Meurs and Nevenaer Henry Brederode's Widow who died 1602. as himself had done some Years before viz. 1576. His Children are said to be 1. Albert the Second born 1538. deceased 1553. 2. Lewis the Sixth born July 4. 1539. of whom more in the next Section 3.
Munster and Osenburg in 1648. He had the Lower Palatinate and Bergstrasse restored him and was constituted the Eighth Elector and Chief Treasurer of the Empire At the same time was the University of Heidelberg restored Liberty of Conscience granted the Protestants Measures taken for restoring Peace to the Church and Manheim repaired Upon the Decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third there was a Dispute betwixt him and the Elector of Bavaria touching their right to the Vicarship of the Empire during the Inter-regnum He had also several Contests for the Wildtangiate In 1650. he took to Wife Charlotte Daughter of William the Fifth Landtgrave of Hesse who afterwards was parted from him and returned home upon some Discontents that arose between ' em Nevertheless he had Issue by her Charlotte Elizabeth born 1652. and married in 71. to Philip Duke of Orleans the present French King's only Brother and Charles born March 31. 1651. who indeed succeeded him but out-liv'd him only five Years deceasing May 16. 1685. and that without Issue notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Wilhelmina Ernestina Daughter of Frederick the Third late King of Denmark and Sister to Christian the Fifth the present King Moreover 't is to be noted of Prince Charles Lewis the Father that besides the Princess of Hesse his lawful Wife he super-induced another whose name was Lovise Degenfeld by whom he had this Issue living at his Death 1. Charles Lewis the Rhinegrave born 1658. 2. Charlotte born 1659. and married to Meinhard Count Schomberg 1683. 3. Lovise born Jan. 15. 1661. 4. Aemilia Elizabeth born March 22. 1663. 5. Charles Edward born May 9. 1668. 6. Charles Maurice Dec. 30. 1670. 7. Charles Auguste Oct. 9. 1672. And 8. Charles Casimire Apr. 22. 1675. § XII 'T is now time that Lewis surnamed The Black mentioned by us in the seventh Section Numb 3. be brought once more on the Stage In the division of the Hereditary Provinces 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick he obtain'd the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts and County of Veldentz for his Patrimony wherein he was succeeded at his death An. 1489. by his Son Alexander who marrying the Lady Margaret Daughter of Crato Earl of Hohenloh had Issue Lewis the Second born 1502. George Canon of Cologne and Triers and Rupert who became possessed of the Counties of Lautereck and Veldentz by the grant of his Nephew Wolfgang of Newburg and was succeeded in the same by his Son George John who by the donation of his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector became possessed of the County of Lutzelstein also and departed this Life 1592. leaving Issue by Anne Mary Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden as followeth 1. George Gustavus born Feb. 6. 1564. 2. Anne Margaret married to Richard Count Palatine in Simmeren An. 1591. 3. Ursula born 1573. married to Lewis Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Mompelgart 1585. deceased 1636. 4. John Augustus born 1575. deceased without Issue Sept. 18. 1611. 5. Lewis Philip born 1577. and Slain at Heidelberg by accident in a Tournament An. 1601. 6. Joan Elizabeth born 1579. deceased 1599. 7. George John born 1586. whose Wife was the Lady Daughter of Otho Henry Count Palatine in Sultzbach by whom he had four Children but none of them out-liv'd him Wherefore George Gustavus who departed this Life 1634. was the only Propagator of the Branch of Veldentz having had by his Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John the First Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts this following Issue namely 1. Anne Magdalen born 1602. and married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg she died 1630. 2. John Frederick Colonel of the Swedish Regiment deceased 1632. 3. Charles Lewis who likewise serv'd under His Swedish Majesty and died of his Wounds at Wolmerstadt July 17. 1631. 4. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 24. 1622. deceased 1631. 5. Mary Sibilla who was an Abbess and died 1649. 6. Leopold Lewis born Feb. 1. 1625. By the Peace of Osenbrug he recovered the County of Veldentz and in 1654. he became possessed of that of Lutzelstein also by right of Inheritance Nevertheless in the last French War he was beat out of all and has ever since liv'd in Exile His Children by the Princess Agatha Christina Daughter to Philip Wolfgang Count of Hanaw are 1. Anne Sophia born 1650. 2. Gustavus Philip born 1651. deceased 1679. 3. Elizabeth Joan born 1653. and married to John Rhinegrave in Mortchingen 4. Christina born 1654. deceased the Year following 5. Christian Lewis born 1656. deceased 1658. 6. Dorothy born 1658. 7. Leopold Lewis 1659. deceased 1660. 8. Charles George born May 27. 1660. and Slain at the Storming of Buda 1686. 9. Agatha Eleanor born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Augustus Leopold born 1663. and Slain at the Siege of Mentz 1689. § XIII We must now look back to Lewis the Second of whom we made mention in the beginning of the last Section He succeeded his Father Lewis the Black and had the Dutchy of Dexu Ponts settled on him as also the Counties of Veldentz and Sponheim out of all which Provinces he totally extirpated the Romish Religion and embraced Luther's Faith He departed this Life in the Year 1532. and was succeeded by his Son Wolfgang born 1526. This Wolfgang had Newburg on the Danube and Sultzbach afterwards given him by his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector Whereupon he made over the Counties of Veldentz and Lautereck to his Uncle Rupert Afterwards he order'd by his Will that his Posterity should Branch themselves into two Lines viz. Deux-Ponts and Newburg and that in both the Right to Succession by Birth-right should be observ'd to Newburg he subjected Sultzbach as Birkenfeld to Deux-Ponts His Death fell in the Year 1569. at which time he had Four Sons surviving by his Wife the Princess Anne Daughter of Philip the Stout Landtgrave of Hesse whose names were Philip Lewis born Oct. 1. 1547. John the First born May 18. 1550. Otho Henry July 22. 1556. deceased 1604. and Charles Propagator of the Branch of Birkenfeld Sept. 4. 1560. Of the Line of Newburg § XIV PHilip Lewis in whom this Line began was a Prince famous for his great Prudence in the Government of his Family as also for his Zeal to Religion He departed this Life in the Year 1614. leaving Issue by Anne Daughter of William Duke of Cleve 1. Anne Mary born Aug. 12. 1575. married to Frederick William the first Duke of Sax-Altenburg deceased Feb. 1. 1643. 2. Dorothy Sabina born 1576. deceased 1598. 3. Wolfgang William born Oct. 28. or 29. 1587. 4. Otho Henry born 1580. deceased 1587. or 1598. 5. Augustus Author of the Branch of Sultzbach born Oct. 2. 1582. of whom and his Posterity we shall say more in the next Section when we come to treat of that Branch 6. Aemilia Hedewig born 1584. deceased 1607. And 7. John Frederick born Aug. 23. 1587. deceased 1647. His Wife was Sophia Agnes Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt by whom he had Six Children yet not one of them survived
to the present great Duke of Tuscany Of the Augmentation of the Palatine-Bavarian Family § XXIII AFter that Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria had been Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho the First Earl of Witelsbach had both the Bavaria's as well Upper as Lower granted him for ever by the said Emperor To which also belonged at that time the Counties of Scherding and Newburg together with the Lordship of Burchausen Moreover he purchased the Counties of Dachow and Ritenburg as also the Lordships of Rotenburg and Rheningen This Prince's Grandson Otho the Second by a Marriage with the sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry Count Palatine obtain'd by Permission of the then Emperor the Palatinate of the Rhine being invested also at the same time with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. After this he bought the Castle of Lindenfeld and City of Nusloch in Cregovia An. 1256. and had Waldorf with the City of Wiselach given him by the Emperor Henry In 1281. Rodulph the First Emperor gave the County of Mosburg to Lewis the First Elector Palatine The same Prince became possessed of Ferden Landberg Wilswiburg Chagen Landau Mumuro Elbrecht-Kirchen and Libenau by right of Inheritance Afterwards upon Conradine Duke of Schwaben's being Beheaded there was an Accession of Lawgingen Hochstadt Schongau Swabeck Tussen Moringen Neumark and Amberg with some other Places to his other Territories Moreover he bought Schreisheim with the Castle of Stralenberg as also the City of Bretten in Cregovia In 1392. Rupert had half the County of Sponbeim in Dowry with his Wife the other half whereof together with the City Pfortzheim fell likewise to this Family in the time of the Elector Frederick the First At the same time that Rupert the Son became possessed of half Sponheim Rupert the Emperor his Father had the County of Simmeren Mortgaged to him which was afterwards wholly assigned over to this Family Moreover he bought the County of Deux-Ponts for 25000. Florins In 1404. Lewis â—â— Elector second Son to the said Emperor â—nd Eâ—pingon in Cregovia Sold him by the then Muquess of Eaden Much about the same time he was put in possession of the County of Kirchberg also In 1410. Stephen the First in Right or his Wife had the County of Veldentz settled on him In 1441. Frederick the First Outed the Earls of Lowenstein and seized on their Lands to which there was Accession of Lutzeilstein not many Years after The same Frederick had Bergstrasse Mortgag'd to him by the Arch-Bishop of Mentz Maximilian of Bavaria took Donawert 1607. bought the County of Middlebeim in Schwaben 1618. and succeeded to the Landtgraviate of Leuchtenberg some Years after by right of Confraternity or Act of Agreement to a mutual Succession The same Prince had an Eighth Electorship confirmed on him by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg An. 1648. In 1654. Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts was Crowned King of Sweden whose Brother Adolph John has also acquired very large Possessions in the said Kingdom In 1666. Philip William Duke of Newburg since Elector Palume obtained the Dutchies of Julters and Mons together with the County of Ravenstein by an amicable agreement 'twixt his Serene Highness and the Elector of Brandenburg Of its Decrease § XXIV THe greatest Losses suffered by the Palatine-Bavarian Family have been in our Age for by the Fourth Article of the Peace of Osenburg Maximilian Duke of Bavaria was obliged to Cancel the Mortgage he had on the Upper Austria as also to restore Bergstrasse to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz by the same Pacification In the next French War the King of France without a Blush made himself Master of the Dutchy of Deux Ponts and County of Veldentz together with many Cities on pretence they were Dependants of Alsace In 1689. upon pretence of some other sham Title he made no scruple to possess himself of the Counries of Sponbeim Simmeren and Lautereck Nay he invaded the very Palatinate of the Rhine putting the same under Contributions and utterly ruining the Inhabitants by his Exactions What will be the future State of these Provinces time must show Of its Pretensions § XXV FRom these Encroachments some Pretensions must needs arise And indeed the King of Sweden has the fairest Title in the World to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts as next Heir Male. And then the present Elector Palatine Philip William demands not only Restoration of the Provinces taken from him by the French King but likewise satisfaction for the Damages done him in those that are left Moreover the Count Palatine in Veldeniz has lost his whole Earldom which likewise demands to be restored CHAP. IX Of the Family of Saxony as well Electoral as Ducal § I. ALbert the Third Elector of Saxony descended of the Family of Anhalt of whose Ancestors we shall â—â—y more when we come to treat of that Family coming to an unexpected and accidenâ—al end as also without Issue An. 1422 Freâ—â—rick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landtgrave of Thuringe Son of Frederick the Strong was invested in the Electoral Dignity by the Emperor Sigismund An. 1425. whence â—he Marquesses of Misnia were descended the â—revity of our design will not permit us â—o discourse in this place Those that are deâ—â—rous may be informed in that matter by consulting the Learned Spener's Sylloge Genealogica 〈◊〉 Familiâ Witekindeâ Saxonicâ Now Frederick â—â—d opened an University at Leipsick some Years before he was made Elector viz. 1209. â—â—is Prince had also many Wars during his Government as namely in Franconia with the Poles in Bornsia with the Counts of Schwartzâ—urg Heldrungen and Hohenstein in Thuringia Moreover with the Elector of Brandenburg and lastly with the Bohemians or Hussites by whom his Forces were defeated with a very great Slaughter An. 1426. His Death bears date two Years after and his Dutchess was Catharine Daughter of Henry Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg who bore him this following Issue viz. 1. Frederick born Aug. 24. 1412. of whom in the next Section 2. Sigismund Bishop of Wurtzburg born 1416. deceased of a Dropsie 1457. 3. Henry born 1422. deceased 1435. 4. Anne married to Lewis the Third Landtgrave of Hesse deceased 1463. 5. Catharine married in 1441. to Frederick the Second Elector of Brandenburg And 6. William born 1425. who had the Landtgraveship of Thuringe assigned him for his Patrimony At first he had Wars with his Brother but in the end they were reconciled and agreed very well In short he refused the Crown of Bohemia when offer'd Took particular care for suppressing the notorious Insolencies of the Robbers that then infested his Countries And after the decease of Anne of Austria Daughter of Albert the Third his first Wife An. 1462. took the Lady Catharine de Brandenstein to his Second By the first of which he had Issue Two Daughters 1. Anne born 1453. betrothed to Henry Duke of Munsterberg but died before the Marriage was consummated And 2. Margaret
married to John Elector of Brandenburg deceased 1511. Wherefore William seeing himself destitute of Issue Male adopted Ernestus and Albertus his Brother Frederick's Sons and departed this World 1482. § II. Frederick the Second who succeeded his Father in Misnia and the Electorate suffered very much from the Hussites He would not be prevailed with to make War upon the Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg He departed this Life Sept. 7. 1464. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Erneste of Austria and by her a large Off-spring whereof Three Sons and a Daughter died Young Those that outâ—iv'd him were Two Sons and Four Daughters whom we shall-set down in the following Order viz. 1. Amalia the Wife of Lewis the Rich Duke of Bavaria born 1435. deceased Nov. 18. 1502. 2. Anne born 1436. married to Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg Nov. 12. 1458. deceased Oct. 31. 1512. 3. Ernestus born March 25. 1441. of whom in the next Section as Author and Progenitor of the Ernestine Line 4. Albert born July 27. 1443. of whom see more below in the Albertine Line 5. Hedewig Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg who had much ado with the Inhabitants of that Place yet Master'd 'em in the end by the assistance of her Brother Duke Albert commanding at the same time the Roland they had set up in sign of Liberty to be thrown down This Lady departed this Life Nov. 12. 1511. And 6. Margaret Lady Abbess of Seuselitz Of the Ernestine Line § III. ERnestus who succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector was a Wise Prince and very happy in reconciling the Differences of Princes He maintained the strictest Friendship with his Brother Albert with whom he administred all things as it were in Common He bought the Dutchy of Sagan in Silesia of the last Duke thereof for 55000 Hungarian Crowns Moreover he went to Rome where he was presented with a Rose of Gold by Pope Sixtus the Fourth And last of all changed this Life for a better in the Year 1486. His Dutchess was Elizabeth Daughter of Albert the Third Duke of Bavaria deceased 1484. having born him this following Issue viz. 1. Christina born Sept. 28. 1462. married to John King of Sweden and Denmark 1478. deceased 1531. 2. Frederick the Third born 1463. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was surnamed The Wise He built the Castle at Wittenberg where he likewise opened an University in the Year 1502. He reconciled Philip Elector Palatine to the Emperor Maximilian after whose decease he might have been elected Emperor himself but refused it He appeased the Commonalty of Erfurdt when in uproar against the Senate He stood up in Luther's defence at his first setting the Reformation on foot ordering him a Guard for his safety at Wurtzburg in his return from the Dyet at Worms An. 1521. Last of all this Religious Prince departed this Life May 5. 1525. in the 63 d. Year of his Age just after the Rising of the Boors having liv'd a Batchellor and been long troubled with the Stone 3. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop of Mentz born 1464. not long liv'd for he died May 1. 1484. 4. Erneste born 1466. elected Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1476. made Administrator of Halberstadt 1489. deceased in the Castle at Hall 1513. 5. John born June 29. 1469. of whom in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 6. Wolfgang deceased an Infant And 7. Margaret married to Henry Duke of Brunswick of the Line of Zell deceased Dec. 7. 1528. § IV. John succeeded his Brother in the Electoral Dignity and gave a total defeat to the Rebellious Boors taking their Leader Thomas Muntzer Prisoner In 1529. he with some other Princes entred their solemn Protestation against the designs of the Catholicks The Year after he presented the Protestant Confession to the Emperor Charles the Fifth and caused its Apology to be written Moreover he was Author of the League of Smalkald He departed this Lise Aug. 13. 1532. having had Sophia Daughter of Magnus Duke of Meckleburg married to him An. 1500. deceased 1503. to his first Wife And Margarets Daughter of Woldemar Prince of Anhalt esponsed by him in 1513. deceased 1521. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. John Frederick born June 30. 1503. of whom a little below 2. Mary born Dec. 6. 1515. she was married to Philip Duke of Pomerania and died 1583. 3. Margaret born 1518. deceased unmarried 1537. 4. John born 1513. deceased 1519. 5. John Erneste born May 10. 1521. who had his Residence at Coburg where he died without Issue An. 1553. notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Catharine Daughter of Philip Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg Return we therefore to John Frederick his Father's Successor who had sharp Wars with Henry Duke of Brunswick whom at length he took Prisoner in the Year 1545. As also afterwards with the Emperor Charles the Fifth But by him he was beaten and suffered the same fate with Henry being taken Prisoner near the Wood of Lochin not far from Mulberg on the 24th of April 1546. whereupon he was degraded from the Electorship and kept in Prison till 1552. at which time he was set at liberty but surviv'd it only two Years The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Sibil Daughter of John the Third Duke of Cleves by whom he had this following Issue viz. 1. John Frederick the Second Duke of Saxony born Jan. 8. 1529. This Prince founded the University of Jena by his Father's Orders An. 1548. which had afterwards the Emperor's Confirmation in 1558. After this he was seized and put in Custody by command of the Emperor as one of Grumbach's Complices and for that he had protected him upon which account he had his Castle of Grimmenstein likewise demolished He departed this Life in Prison where he had been kept 28 Years on the 9th day of May 1595. The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine for Agnes of Hesse his first Wife died soon after she was Married who bore him Issue 1. Casimire who had his seat at Coburg where he died without Issue 1633. And 2. John Erneste who likewise had the same Fate with him dying Issueless 1638. His other two Sons John Frederick and Frederick died both young 2. John William born 1530. of whom more in the next Section 3. John Erneste born 1534. deceased 1553. And 4. John Frederick the younger born 1538. deceased 1565. § V. Return we therefore to John William in whose Issue alone this Line was continued He departed this Life 1573. having had to Wife Susan Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine deceased 1592. and by her this following Issue 1. Frederick William born Ap. 25. 1562. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Aldenburg assigned for his Patrimony The Prince administred the Electorate during the Minority of his Cousin Elector Christian the Second and departed this Life July 7. 1602. His first Dutchess
surnamed The Pious born Oct. 25. 1474. elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order 1498. deceased Dec. 20. 1510. § X. This Henry succeeded his Brother George and was the only Propagator of the Albertine Line He made Profession of the Reformed Religion and entred into the League of Smalcald His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Magnus the Second Duke of Meckleburg who bore him this following Issue viz. 1. Maurice born May 11. 1525. who succeeded his Father and served the Emperor in Hungary against the Turks as also in Flanders against the French Afterwards he carried on a bloody War against his Cousin John Frederick the Elector who being degraded of that Dignity he was invested with the same by the Emperor Charles the Fifth An. 1548. In 1551. he made an Alliance with the French King and several of the German Princes and then undertook an Expedition against the Imperialists The Year after he was concluded in the Transaction of Passaw yet Slain in 1553. at the Battel of Siverskuse in the Dutchy of Lunenburg 'T is likewise observable he founded Three famous Schools or Colleges one at Meisen on the Elbe another at Grimma on the Multaw and the third at Porta on the Saal His Wife was Agnes Daughter of Philip Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he had only a Daughter that surviv'd him named Anne married to Prince William of Orange An. 1561. deceased 1577. 2. Severinus born 1522. deceased at Inspruck Oct. 10. 1533. 3. Augustus born July 30. 1526. who was his Brother's Successor in the Electorate and renewed the Act of Confraternity with the Houses of Brandenburg and Hesse His Authority was always very great in the Empire insomuch as all things in a manner were managed by him Moreover he laid up a very great Treasure In 1580. he caused the form of Concord to be published and departed this Life at Six a Clock in the Evening on Feb. 11. 1586 his first Wife was the Princess Anne Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark who died Oct. 1 1585. And his second Agnes Hedewig Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt By the first Venture he had Fifteen Children Eleven whereof died Young The rest were 1. Elizabeth born 1552. married to John Casimire Count Palatine of the Rhine Fourth Son of the Elector Frederick the Third An. 1568. deceased 1590. 2. Christian the First of whom more in the next Section 3. Dorothy born 1563. married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1585. deceased 1587. 4. Anne born 1567. married to John Casimire Duke of Sax-Coburg 1585. deceased 1613. 4. Aemilia espoused by George Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1532. deceased 1591. 5. Sibil affianced in 1540 to Francis the First Duke of Sax-Lawenburg And 6. Sidonia married to Erick the Younger Duke of Brunswick 1545. deceased Jan. 4. 1575. § XI Return we now to Christian the First who succeeded his Father Augustus in the Electoral Dignity born Nov. 3. 1560. In 1582. he married Sophia Daughter of John George Elector of Brandenburg who departed this World 1622. as himself had done many Years before viz. 1591. His Children are said to have been as follow 1. Christian the Second born Sept. 23. 1583. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate under the Government and Tuition of his Cousin Duke Frederick William of Aldenburg He commanded his Chancellor Nicholas Crelley to be beheaded In 1610. he obtain'd of the Emperor Rudolph to be invested in the Dutchies o◠Juliers Cleves and Mons. The Year following he died of an Apoplexy caused by taking too large a draught of Small-Beer after over-heating himself with Tilting Nor left he any Issue tho' married to Hedewig Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark 2. John George the First born March 5. 1585. of whom a little lower 3. Anne Sabina born and dead the same Year viz. 1586. 4. Sophia born 1587. she was married to Francis Duke of Pomerania and died 1635. 5. Elizabeth born 1588. deceased July 4. 1589. 6. Augustus Administrator of Naumburg born Sept. 7. 1589. In 1612 he married Elizabeth Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick but died without Issue Dec. 26. 1615. And 7. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1591. deceased 1617. Wherefore John George the First in whose Issue the descent of this Line was continued succeeded in the Electorate at his Brother Christian's decease having first Travelled Incognito into many Foreign Parts In 1612. he took on him the Vicarship of the Empire during the Interregnum In 1617. he caused the first Jubilee to be Celebrated in memory of the Reformation began by Luther an hundred Years before Another in 1630. for the Augustane Confession And a third 1655. for the Peace of Religion or Transaction at Passaw causing several Medals to be Coined on those Occasions He was a most dutiful Son to his Mother for whom he had a more than ordinary Veneration He elected Matthias Ferdinand the Second Ferdinand the Third and Ferdinand the Fourth King of the Romans and refused the Offer of the Bohemian Crown About 1631. he leagued himself with the Swede against the Emperor with whom he again made Peace in 1635. leaving his Ally the Swede Who thereupon lay very hard on him till a general Peace was once more restored to the Empire An. 1648. This excellent Prince departed this Life in the Year 1656. and the 72d of his Age. His first Wife was Sibil Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg who died 1606. And his Second Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg whom he espoused in the Year 1607. and had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. Anonymus born July 18. 1608. 2. Sophia Eleanor born Nov. 23. 1609. married to George the Second Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt 1627. deceased June 2. 1671. 3. Mary Elizabeth born Nov. 12. 1610. married to Frederick Duke of Sleswick 1630. deceased 1684. 4. Christian Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1612. 5. John George the Second born May 31. 1613. of whom more in the next Section 6. Augustus the Third Administrator of Magdeburg born Aug. 13. 1614. of whom in the 13th Section 7. Christian the Third Administrator of Mersburg born Oct. 27. 1615. of whom in the 14th Section 8. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 23. 1617. and remarried after the decease of Christian Prince Royal of Denmark Eldest Son of King Christian the Fourth her first Husband to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg she died Jan. 6. 1668. 9. Maurice Administrator of Naumburg born March 24. 1619. of whom below in the 15th Section 10. Henry born and dead the same Year viz. 1622. § XII Return we now to his Serene Highness John George the Second a Prince always Loyal to God and his Country the Empire After the decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third he was Vicar of the Empire and present at the Election of a new King of the Romans In 1671. he entred into Articles of a mutual Succession with Julius
Francis Duke of the Lower Saxony In 1638. he took to Wife the Princess Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Christian the First Marquess of Brandenburg-Culembach deceased 1687. whereas himself died at Freiburg Aug. 22. 1680. leaving Issue 1. Sibil Mary born 1642. deceased 1643. 2. Erdmuth Sophia born Feb. 15. 1644. married to Christian Erneste Marquess of Brandenburg-Bareith 1662. deceased 1670. and an only Son viz. 3. John George the Third His present Highness born June 20. 1647. who entred on the Government of the Electorate after the decease of his Father of ever blessed Memory which he has since managed with much Prudence and Moderation We need not here mention the many Negotiations he has underwent for the publick safety nor his other Illustrious and Immortal Actions since they are so visible to all Good Men. On Oct. 9. 1666. he with great Solemnity espoused the Princess Anne Sophia Daughter of Frederick late King of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. John George the Fourth Heir Apparent born Oct. 17. 1668. And 2. Frederick Augustus born May 12. 1670. § XIII Return we now to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg who died An. 1680. having had Two Wives and by them a numerous Off-spring The first of these was Anne Mary Daughter of Adolph Frederick Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin married to him 1646. or 47. deceased 1669. having born him Twelve Children The Other was Joan Walpurg Daughter of George William Count de Leining by whom he had twice Issue This last Lady died a Widow in the Year 1689. The Male Issue were 1. John Adolph Duke of Saxony in Weissenfeld or Sax-Weissenfeld born Nov. 2. 1649. and married Oct. 25. 1671. to Joan Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the Second Duke of Sax-Altenburg who died in the Year 1686. having born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 3. 1673. 2. Augustus Frederick born 1674. deceased 1675. 3. John Adolph born and dead the same Year viz. 1676. 4. John George born July 13. 1677. 5. Anonymus 1678. 6. Joanna Wilhelmina born Jan. 20. 1682. 7. Frederick William born 1681. deceased 1683. 8. Christian born Feb. 23. 1682. And 9. Anne Mary June 17. 1683. 2. Augustus the Younger born Dec. 3. 165â— and chosen Provost of Magdeburg by the Chapter thereof An. 1661. This Prince serv'd in the King of Sweden's Army as also under the Elector of Cologne but died an untimely Death in 1674 the very next Year after his Marriage with Charlotte Daughter of Frederick Prince of Hesse in Eschwegen whom he left a Widow but since married to John Adolph Count de Tecklenburg 3. Christian born June 25. 1655. who all along behav'd himself with great Bravery in His Electoral Highness of Saxony's Service upon which account he was made Field Marshal Lieutenant Nevertheless this Courageous Prince lost his Life at the Siege of Mentz in August 1689. 4. Henry born Sept. 29. 1657. who succeeded his Brother Augustus in the Provostry of Magdeburg and is also a Colonel in the Elector of Brandenburg's Forces In 1689. he espoused Henrica Agnes Daughter of John George the Second Prince of Anhalt-Dessaw 5. Albert born Ap. 14. 1659. who turn'd Catholick and married a great Fortune on the Rhine 6. Frederick born Nov. 20. 1673. And 7. Maurice born Jan. 5. 1676 The Daughters were all by the first Venture and thus named 1. Magdalen Sibil born 1648. married to Frederick Duke of Sax-Gotha 1669. deceased Jan. 20. 1681. 2. Anne Mary born 1653. deceased 1671. 3. Sophia born June 23. 1654. and married to Charles William Prince of Anhalt-Servest An. 1676. 4. Catharine born 1655. deceased 1663. 5. Christina born 1656. and married June 21. 1676. to Augustus Frederick Duke of Holstein and Bishop of Lubeck 6. Elizabeth born 1660. deceased 1663. And 7. Dorothy born 1662. deceased the Year following § XIV Now follows Christian Administrator of the Bishoprick of Mersburg third Son of John George the First Elector of Saxony mention'd by us above in the eleventh Section Numb 7. born Oct. 27. and married Nov. 19. 1650. to Christina Daughter of Philip Duke oâ— Holstein-Glucksburg with whom he now liveth having had Issue by her as followeth 1. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 19. 1651 deceased 1675. 2. John George born 1652. deceased 1654. 3. Christian born Nov. 19. 1653. In 1679 he took to Wife Erdmuth Eleanor his Uncle Maurice of Naumburg's Daughter and has Issue 1. Christian born Nov. 7. 1680. 2. Maurice William born Oct. 11. 168â— And 3. Augustus Frederick born March 10. 1684. 4. Augustus born Feb. 15. 1655. and married in August 1688. to one of Gustavâ—â— Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrowâ—â— Daughters 5. Philip born Oct. 26. 1657. who took tâ— Wife Eleanor Sophia Daughter of Job Ernestus Duke of Sax-Weimar on July 9. 1684. 6. Christiana born 1659. married to Christanus Duke of Sax-Eisenberg 1677. deceased March 13. 1679. 7. Sophia Hedewig born June 4. 1660. anâ— married in 1680. to John Ernestus Dukâ— of Sax-Gotha in Salfeld 8. Henry born Sept. 2. 1661. who not lonâ— since espoused the Lady Lovise Elizabetâ— Daughter of Christian Ulrick Duke 〈◊〉 Wurtenburg of the Branch of Bernstadt 〈◊〉 Silesia by his first Wife 9. Maurice born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Sibil Mary born Oct. 28. 1667. the second Wife of Christian Ulrick Duke of Wurtenburg and Osne of the Branch of Bernstadt to whom she was married Oct. 27. 1683. § XV. It now remains we say somewhat of Maurice Administrator of the Bishopricks of Naumburg and Ceitz Youngest Son of his Electoral Highness John George the First who departed this Life Dec. 4. 1681. having had Three Wives whose names were Sophia Hedewig Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg deceased 1652. Dorothy Mary Daughter of William Duke of Sax-Weimar who died July 11. 1675. And Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Lewis Duke of Holstein-Sunderburg now a Widow The Children by the first and second Venture were 1. John Philip born 1651. deceased 1652. 2. Maurice born 1652. deceased the Year following 3. Eleanor Magdalen born 1658. deceased 1661. 4. Erdmuth Dorothy born 1661. and married in 1679. to Christian Prince of Mersburg 5. Maurice William Administrator of Naumburg who drew his first Breath March 12. 1664. and has taken to Wife Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg Charles Prince of Meckleburg-Gustrow's Widow whom he married on the 26th of June 1689. O. S. 6. John George born 1665. deceased 1666. 7. Christian August born Oct. 9. 1666. 8. Frederick Henry born July 21. 1668. 9. Mary Sophia born 1670. deceased the Year following 10. Magdalen Sibil born and dead the same Year viz. 1672. And 11. Wilhelmina Sibilla born 1675. Of the Augmentation of the Saxon Family § XVI WE have already declared how Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landtgrave of Thuringe obtained of the Emperour Sigismund the Investiture of the Electoral Dignity together with the Palatinate of Saxony and Burgraviate of Magdeburg An. 1425. The same Prince is supposed by
to Wife Agnes Daughter of Barnim the Eighth Duke of Pomerania of whom Two Daughters surviv'd Magdalen born 145 and married to Eitelfrederick the Fourth of Hoben Zollern and Agnes to George the Younger of Anhalt 5. Elizabeth born 1402. she was married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1418. and died 1450. 6. Cecily married to William the Viciortous Duke of Brunswick 1423. deceased 1449. 7. Margaret married to Lewis the Crooked Duke of Bavaria An. 1438. deceased 1465 8. Magdalen affianced to Frederick the Pious Duke of Lunenburg An. 1430. deceased 1480. 9. Dorothy born Feb. 9. 1420. married to Henry the Gross Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1477. And 10. Sophia who died in her Infancy and is by some omitted § III. Thus came the Government into the hands of Albert the First who by reason of the many Battels he had been in was stiled the German Achilles He was of such Authority in the Empire as the Emperor would undertake nothing without him so that it became a common saying That Albert Governed the Empire by Frederick the Emperor He confirm'd the Act of mutual Succession with the Families of Saxony and Hesse and had a very sharp War with Lewis the Rich Elector of Bavaria as also afterwards with the City of Nuremberg He departed this Life An. 1486. during the Session of that Dyet wherein Maximilian the First was elected King of the Romans having some Ten Years before given up the Administration of Affairs to his Son John and seated himself in Franconia from whence as from an advanced Ground he might the better observe his Actions In 1446 he took to Wife Margaret Daughter of James Marquess of Baden who dying in 1457. He the next Year married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony who died 1512. By these Ladies he had a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Frederick deceased in their Infancy 2. Wolfgang deceased in their Infancy 3. Ursula born Sept. 24. 1450. married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg Feb. 10. 1467. deceased 1503. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 29. 1451. married to Eberhard the Second Duke of Wurtenburg June 3. 1465. deceased Ap. 15. 1524. 5. Margaret Lady Abbess of St. Clare in the City Hoff born Ap. 18. 1453. deceased 1509. 6. John the Second born Aug. 2. 1455. of whom in the next Section 7. Frederick the Fourth born May 2. 1460. of whom below as Author of the Franconian Line 8. Aemilia born Oct. 1. 1461. and married after the decease of her first Husband Lewis Elector Palatine who died 1478. to Gaspar Palatine of Deux-Ponts she died 1481. 9. Anne deceased an Infant 1462. 10. Barbara born May 30. 1464. married in the 9th Year of her Age July 30. 1473. to Henry the last Duke of Glogaw and Crossen deceased a Widow 1510. 11. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1464. 12. Sibil born May 31. 1467. married to William Duke of Juliers and Mons ' July 8. 1480. deceased 1510. as others 1511. 13. Sigismund the First born Sept. 28. 1468. he serv'd the Emperor Maximilian the First in his Wars and came to an untimely death Feb. 26. 1495. 14. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1470. 15. Dorothy Lady Abbess of St. Clare in Bamberg born 1471. deceased 1529. 16. George born 1473. deceased in his Infancy 17. Elizabeth born 1474. married to Herman Count Henneberg deceased Ap. 25. 1507. 18. Magdalen born 1476. deceased an Infant And 19. Anastasia born 1478. married to William Count Henneberg of the Line of Sleusing 1500. deceased July 4. 1534. Of the Line Electoral § IV. MAtter 's thus far cleared return we now to John surnam'd Cicero who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was very fortunate in reconciling Princes when at difference yet had Wars himself with John Duke of Sagan He departed this Life Jan. 9. 1499 having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of William Duke of Saxony and by her this following Issue 1. Wolfgang born and dead the same Year viz. 1480. 2. Joachim the First born Feb. 21. 1484 of whom more a little below 3. Elizabeth born and deceased 1486. 4. Anne born 1487. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein afterwards King of Denmark deceased 1521. 5. Ursela born 1488. given in Marriage to Henry the Fourth Duke of Meckleburg 1506. deceased 1511. And 6. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop and Elector of Mentz as also Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg born June 28. 1490. deceased 1545. Joachim the First succeeded his Father at the Age of Fifteen and was a Prince well read in several sorts of Learning He opened an University at Francfort upon the Oder Ap. 27. 1506. In 1509. the Hamburghers put themselves under his Protection In 1500. he caused Thirty Eight Jews and a Christian to be Executed The Christian for selling the Host The Jews for Sacrificing it His death bears date 1535. and his Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of John King of Denmark who suffered much for her Religion which was the Protestant and died a Widow 1555. His Issue by her were 1. Joachim the Second born Jan. 9. 1505. of whom in the next Section 2. Anne born 1507. married to Albert the Seventh Duke of Meckleburg 1524. deceased 1567. 3. Elizabeth born 1510. and married to Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick and after his decease to Poppo Count de Henneberg She died 1558. 4. Margaret born 1511. and married to George Duke of Pomerania Jan. 8. 1530. after whose decease she was affianced to John the Fourth Prince of Anhalt An. 1533. And 5. John surnamed The Prudent born Aug. 3. 1513. who had the new Marck with the Dutchy of Crossen assigned him by his Father and was stiled the Eye and Counseller of the Empire He was very well skill'd in the Oeconomicks Always Loyal to the Emperor yet would not admit of the Interimistick Form in his Jurisdiction He built the Castle and Fortification of Custrin and at length ended his days An. 1571. leaving Issue by Catharine Daughter of Henry the Tenth Duke of Brunswick whom he Married An. 1537. only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Elizabeth who was married to her Kinsman George Frederick of the Line of Franconia and died 1578. And 2. Catharine given in Marriage to another Kinsman namely Joachim Frederick the Elector She died 1602. § V. We now return to Joachim the Second who succeeded his Father and performed many notable Services for the Emperor more especially in repelling the Forces of the Turks He made publick profession of the Reformed Religion and began to settle the same in his Provinces causing in order thereunto the Ecclesiastick Ordination written by George Bucholtzer to be published An. 1545. In 1542. he was declared General of the Imperial Army against the Turks Moreover he raised the Fortifications at Spandaw and obtain'd of the Emperor Ferdinand the First the absolute and independant Soveraignty of the Dutchy of Crossen And of Sigismund Augustus King of Poland a grant of Succession to the Dutchy of Prussia provided his Kinsmen
Bohemia deceased 1656. to his Second Wife and then Maximiliana of Solms Maximilian Count Wallestein's Widow to his last and third By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Sophia Elizabeth born Jan. 2. 1616. married to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg 1638. deceased March 6. 1650. 10. Mary Eleanor born 1607. married to Lewis Philip Count Palatine of the Rhine in Simmeren An. 1630. deceased 1675. § VIII Of these John Sigismund succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector An. 1608. He had several Disputes which at length ended in a War for the Dutchies of Cleves and Mens He obtained Prussia of the Poles but with a great Incumbrance He made publick Profession of the Reformed Religion 1614. and departed this Life Dec. 13. 1619. His Princess was Anne Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. George William born Nov. 3. 1595. of whom see more a little below 2. Anne Sophia born March 17. 1598. married to Frederick Ulrick Duke of Brunswick 1614. deceased 1650. 3. Mary Eleanor born Nov. 11. 1599. affianced to Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden 1620. deceased 1655. 4. Catharine born 1602. and given in Marriage to Bethlem Gabor Prince of Transilvania An. 1626. and after his decease to Francis Charles Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 5. Joachim Sigismund Great Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg born 1607. deceased Feb. 23. 1625. 6. Agnes born 1606. deceased 1607. 7. John Frederick born 1607. deceased 1608. And 8. Albert born and deceased the same Year viz. 1609. George William succeeded his Father An. 1619. and in the beginning of the Triennial War took part with Gustavus Adolphus But afterwards made an Expedition against the Swedes An. 1639. partly for Pomerania and partly because they yet held many places in Prussia in which Country he died the Year following viz. 1640. His Wife was Elizabeth Charlotte Daughter of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine which Match gave Birth to this following Issue 1. Lovise Charlotte born Sept. 3. 1617. married to James Duke of Curland 1645. deceased Aug. 18. 1676. 2. Frederick William the Great born Feb. 6. 1620. of whom more in the next Section 3. Hedewig Sophia born at Six in the Evening July 4. 1623. married to Lewis the Sixth Landtgrave of Hesse 1649. deceased June 26. 1683. And 4. John born and dead the same Year viz. 1624. § IX We now return to Frederick William the Great who succeeded his Father in 1640. a Prince of as many Heroick Virtues as Humane Nature is capable of Who by reason of his great Authority in the Empire and vast Knowledge in Publick Affairs was look'd upon whilst he liv'd as common Father of the German Nation In him center'd all that might be said of any of his Ancestors In relation to Religion Devout to his Publick Actions Great to the many Battels he Fought Victorious to the extent of his Dominions August to his more peculiar Virtues Valiant Just Merciful By whom was he not esteemed the German Achilles By whom not regarded as the Pillar on which the safety of the whole Empire in a manner was sustain'd 'T is not for me to give a just Character of the greatest Hero of our Age Nor indeed were I able had I an hundred Tongues 'T is sufficient that his Heroick Actions are fresh in the Memory of all Men and that the Injury of time can never deface them This best of Princes departed this Life at Nine in the Morning on the 29th of April 1688. O. S. having Presided over his Provinces near Fifty Years We still kiss his Ashes and Consecrate his Sacred Memory to Eternity On the 7th of Dec. 1646. this Great Prince espoused the Princess Lovise Henrietta Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange his first Wife who dying June 6. 1667. he the Year following married his Second which was Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick's Widow who departed this Life in the Caroline-Bath Aug. 6. 1689. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. William Henry born at Cleves May 11. 1648. deceased at Wesel Oct. 20. 1649. 2. Charles Emilius born at Nine in the Morning on Feb. 6. 1655. the hopes of his Parents and all the Brandenburg-Provinces which nevertheless were blasted by his untimely death at Strasburg Nov. 27. 1674. but reviv'd by the Birth of 3. Frederick the Third born at Nine in the Morning July 1. 1657. of whom in the next Section Twins born 1664. 4. Henry died the same Year And 5. Amalia Jan. 22. 1665. 6. Lewis born June 28. 1666. at Four in the Afternoon A Prince of the noblest Character and worthy so great a Father On Dec. 28. 1680. he took to Wife Lovise Charlotte de Ratzeville yet died this excellent Prince without Issue An. 1687. being much lamented by all good Men. Children of Frederick William the Great by his second Wife 1. Philip William born in May 1669. who gave signal proofs of his Courage in the Compagn against the French 1689. 2. Mary Amalia born Nov. 16. 1670. and married in 1687. to Charles Eldest Son and Heir Apparent of the present Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow and after his decease which happened March 15. 1688. to Maurice William Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg June 26. 1689. 3. Albert Frederick born Jan. 14. 1672. 4. Charles Philip Dec. 26. 1672. 5. Elizabeth Sophia March 26. 1674. 6. Dorothy 1675. deceased the Year following And 7. Charles Lewis at Four in the Afternoon on May 17. 1677. § X. 'T is now time that Frederick the Third appear the no less happy Son and Successor of a most Fortunate Father to whom we may justly apply this of the Poet. Egregia Insignisque nota est de Sanguine nasci Conspicuo priscas Majerum ostendere Ceras Fortibus eduntur Fortes Patriumque jubatis Robur Equis Bebus inest nec Dama Leonem Nec celeres Aquilae generant sine selle Columbam Eenic Meimbom in Vitâ Henrici Leonis For he doth not content himself with the only Glory of being descended from so great a Hero but has already made it sufficiently appear himself by the greatness of his Actions what the Christian World and True Church of God are still to expect from him May God protect this Mighty Prince May he cherish him in his Bosom and set him as a Bracelet on his Arm that he may eternally be blessed before him that he may live take root and flourish with all his Illustrious Family and there be never wanting One therein who may happily sway the Scepter of Brandenburg On the 23d of Aug. 1679. he married Elizabeth Henrica Daughter of William late Landt-grave of Fiesse after whose decease which happened on June 27. 1683. he most happily made choice of the Princess Sophia Charlotte Daughter of Ernestus Augustus the present Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick for his Second Wife on Oct. 6. in the following Year By the first Venture he
ever which Agreement is very well known to be still observ'd In 1336. John the Second added Culembach to this Family together with the Castle of Plassenburg and Monastry of Himmete-Cron In 1347. he became possessed of Beissenstadt and Rudolfftein and many other places more especially the City of Creilsheim In 1364. Frederick the Fifth added Swabach Feuchtwangen Emsfirchen and Gunkenhausen as also Hoff in the Land of Advocates which last place was bought by him in the Year 1375. In 1390. John the Third obtained as a Fief of the Empire Rikingen Vffenheim Libenau Aurenhofen and Laterdorf with some other Places to be held by him as Fiefs of the Empire In 1417. Frederick the Sixth was Invested in the Electorate of Brandenburg by the Emperor Sigismund to be held of him and the Emperors his Successors Which Electorate contained at that time the old and middle Marquisates as also Prignitz to which he soon after annexed the Uckermarch by right of War having won the same from the Pomeranians In 1455. the Elector Frederick the Second became possessed of many Places in Lusatia viz. Cothus the Fort of Peike Sommerfeldt Besckan Storcan with all their Appurtenances having taken the same from George King of Bohemia In 1472. the Dutchy of Crossen was Mortgaged to this Family of which it became afterwards fully possessed by reason of its being never redeemed In 1525. Marquess Albert of the Franconian Line Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created the first Duke of Prussia which was to hold as a Fief of the Crown of Poland that Country being then changed into a Dutchy Somewhat before this his Brother George the Confessor had Jagerndorff given him in consideration of his good Services by Ladislaus King of Bohemia The same George in 1532. became possessed of the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor in Silesia by Right of Confraternity or Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession 'twixt him and the Duke of those Dutchies Joachim the First in 1524 reduced the new Marck which had been for many Years held in Mortgage by the Knights of the Teutonick Order The same Prince Incorporated the County of Rupin with the Electorate as a Fief vacant by the death of Wichman last Count thereof In 1609. the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons as also the Counties of Marck and Ravensberg ought to have fallen to John Sigismund the then Elector but the Duke of Newburg opposing it it was at length agreed on in 1666. after many Contests which at length ended in a War that only the Dutchy of Cleves and County of Marck should remain in the Possession of this Family nevertheless without prejudicing its Right to a mutual Succession to the other Provinces of the said Dutchies in case of deficiency of Heirs Male In 1637. all Pomerania should have fallen to his then Electoral Highness of Brandenburg upon the decease of Bogislaus last Duke thereof by right of Confraternity but the Swedes being got in Possession he could only obtain the further Pomerania Wherefore afterwards by the Peace of Osenburg the Dutchy of Magdeburg the Principalities of Halberstadt Minden and Camin together with some other Places were made over as an equivalent to His most Potent and Serene Highness Frederick William the Great The same Prince in 1657. obtained of the Crown of Poland an Independant Right to Prussia where he had Lavenburg and Buton likewise put into his hands In 1679. by the Treaty of Nimeguen that part of Pomerania which lies on the other side the Vecht and was hitherto in Possession of the Swede was likewise given up to him except the City Dam. In 1681. there was an Accession of the County of Regenstein In 1684. upon the death of Ernestus Bugislaus Prince of Croy all that Prince's Possessions fell to this Family And last of all in 1686. by an Agreement then made with the Emperour the Dutchy of Swibuse was settled on it Of its Decrease § XVII AS to what concerns the Decrease of this Family Frederick the Sixth sold great part of the Burgraviate of Norimberg to the City for 137000 Florins In 1535. George the Confessor parted with the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor to Ferdinand the First afterwards Emperor for 13000 Hungarian Shillings And in 1625. it lost Carnovia or Jagerndorff upon the Proscription of John George then in Possession of that City and District Of its Pretensions § XVIII THis Family had formerly a Pretension to the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons but it was taken off in 1666. as we observed in the 16th Section It likewise laid Claim to Carnovia but quitted that also in 1686. upon its having the Dutchy of Swibus in Compensation for it We shall add no more at present of its other Pretensions being not well acquainted what they may be Only you must note That it hath entered into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Elector of Saxony and Landtgrave of Hesse Moreover by the Grant of the Emperor Frederick the Third it has some Expectance of having the Dutchies of Holstein and Meckleburg fall to it as also the Principality of Anbalt provided those in possession fail in Issue Male. CHAP. X. Of the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg § I. THo' the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg for its great Antiquity may seem to bear the Bell in a manner from all the rest yet it will suffice us to know at present That it owes its Original to the Ancient Welffs And from whence they are descended is observed at large by the Learned Spener in his Sylloge Genealogicâ pag. 476. Now Cunigund Sister of Welff the Third Earl of Altorff whom some likewise call Duke of Bavaria was married to Azon of Este a Prince of an Italian Extraction which Match gave Birth to Welff the Fourth or as others the first surnamed The Strong his Uncle's Heir Earl of Altorff and afterwards in 1071. Duke of Bavaria by the Grant of the Emperor Henry the Fourth He was succeeded by his Eldest Son Welff the Second who assisted the Young Emperor Henry the Fifth against his Father Henry the Fourth and departed this Life 1119. having never had Issue by Maud his Wife an Italian Princess of High Blood Wherefore he left Bavaria to his Brother Henry the Black who died in the Year 1125. having had to Wise Walfild Daughter of Magnus Duke of Saxony of the Line of Billingen and by her a numerous Off-spring whereof Henry the Proud need only be here mentioned as sufficient to our present Design He was Successor to his Father in the Dutchy of Bavaria and in 1137. was Invested in that of Saxony also by his Father-in-Law Lotharius the Emperor This Prince built Munchen and after variety of Fortunes ended his days An. 1139. His Son was Henry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony whose Power was so great as he was wont to say in an old Dutch Rhime Bon der Elve bet an den Rhin Dat th alles min. i.e. 'Twixt Elve and
Rhine Is all mine Nevertheless falling into Disgrace with the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa he was Proscribed by him and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg and departed this Life An. 1195. This Prince therefore may be properly looked on as common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg which have flourished from that down to the present Times He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and by her Three Sons and Two Daughters viz. 1. Henry the Younger who in his Father's Life-time became possessed of the Palatinate of the Rhine in Right of his Wife Agnes Daughter and sole Heiress of Conrade last Count of that Palatinate nevertheless for want of Heirs Male he was succeeded therein by Otho Count Witelsbach Duke of Bavaria who married his only Daughter Agnes as we observed above in the Palatine-Bavarian Family 2. Otho chosen Emperor 1208. deceased without Issue 1218. 3. Ingeburg married to Woldemar the Second King of Denmark 4. Maud to Geoffrey Count de Perch And 5. William Propagator of the Family by being Father of Otho the First born 1204. § II. This Otho was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second An. 1235. and had Issue by Maud Daughter of Albert Elector of Brandenburg as followeth viz. 1. Albert of whom below in the next Section 2. John the First who had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and departed this Life 1276. or as others 1277. leaving Issue Otho the Fourth surnamed The Strong whose Wife was Maud Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine who bore him 1. Otho the Sixth Dake of Lunenburg succeeded for want of Issue Male by his Brother 2. William the Third who likewise died An. 1368. leaving Issue only Daughters 3. Conrade the First Bishop of Ferden deceased Oct. 15. 1303. 4. Otho the Second Bishop of Hildesheim deceased July 4. 1279. 5. Helena married to Albert the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1272. 6. Adelheid given in Marriage to Henry the first Landtgrave of Hesse 1239. deceased 1255. 7. Agnes the Wife of Wenceslaus Prince of Rugen 8. Maud espoused by Henry the First Prince of Anbalt And 9. Elizabeth by William Earl of Holland 1251. deceased 1266. § III. We now return to Albert surnamed The Great who upon his Father's decease succeeded to the Principality of Brunswick and died himself in 1279. having performed many Noble Actions and obtained several remarkable Victories His Children were 1. Henry surnamed Mirabilis or The Wonderful who had Grubenhagen assigned him by his Father's Will and departed this Life 1322. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Albert Landtgrave of Thuringia as followeth viz. 1. Henry who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Eisfeld and Duderstadt for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son 1. Otho the Seventh who Mortgaged the said Provinces to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz and was created Duke of Tarento and afterwards King of both the Sicilies but died without Issue An. 1387. 2. John Provost of Eimbeck And 3. Ernestus who by Agnes of Eberstein had 1. Frederick the First who died 1404. leaving Issue only a Son named Otho the Ninth deceased without Issue An. 1411. 2. Albert. And 3. Ernestus Provost of Eimbeck who died 1422. But Albert begot Erick the First who died 1449. and had Issue Two Sons 1. Henry the Fifth who died 1469. leaving only a Son named Henry the Seventh deceased Issueless An. 1526. And 2. Albert the Sixth who departed this Life 1486. and was succeeded by his Son Philip whose Brother Erick was Elected Bishop of Osenburg and Munster and died 1532. but Philip lived till 1555. settled the Reformed Religion in his Provinces and left Issue 1. Erneste the Sixth born Ap. 2. 1518. deceased 1567. 2. Albert the Seventh 3. John the Sixth 4. Wolfgang And 5. Philip the Second All which died without Issue Male so that Philip who departed this Life 1596. was the last of this Line 2. Albert the Second surnamed The Gross of whom in the next Section 3. William who had the District of Wolfembuttel for his Appennage and died an untimely Death An. 1292. Knights of the Order of St. John 4. Luder And 5. Conrade And 6. Otho the Third a Knight Templar § IV. We now return to Albert the Gross who at first had only the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen but upon his Brother William's Decease laid claim to his Country and beat out his Brother Henry who had seiz'd it An. 1292. He departed this Life 1318. leaving Issue as followeth viz. 1. Otho the Fifth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Brunswick and died 1334. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Conrade Marquess of Brandenburg only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Agnes married to Barnim the Third Duke of Pomerania deceased 1371. And 2. Judith the Wife of Henry surnamed Ferreus or Ironside Landtgrave of Hesse 2. Ernestus whose Patrimony was the Lordship of Gottingen and Principality of Calenberg where he had Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry the Fourth Duke of Glogaw a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Elizabeth or as others Anne married to William the First Count de Henneberg An. 1414. 2. Otho the Eighth who succeeded him and died 1394. having had to Wife Margaret Countess of Bergen and by her an only Son Otho the Tenth surnamed Monoculus from his having but one Eye in whom the Branch of Gottingen became extinct An. 1463. 3. Magnus of whom more in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 4. Albert the Third Bishop of Halberstadt deceased 1358. 5. Henry the Third Bishop of Hildesheim deceased Feb. 6. 1363. 6. Maud elected Lady Abbess of Gandersheim An. 1305. And 7. Ludger Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia § V. We now return to Magnus Son of Albert the Gross who at first kept his Court at Sangerhuse but after his Brother Otho's Decease obtained the Principality of Brunswick An. 1334. and died himself 1368. having had Issue by Sophia Daughter of Henry Marquess of Landsberg as followeth viz. 1. Lewis the Second deceased without Issue 1358. notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of William Duke of Lunenburg of whom we made mention in the second Section Numb 2. 2. Otho deceased in Italy 3. Magnus Torquatus of whom below 4. John the Fifth whom some make Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg yet omitted by others 5. Albert the Fifth Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1395. 6. Sophia who died a Maid 7. Maud the Wife of Bernhard the Third Prince of Anhalt 8. Helena married to Otho And 9. Agnes to Erick Count de Hoye Wherefore Magnus was the only Preserver of this Family and succeeded his Cousin William in the Principality of Lunenburg An. 1368. his Father being yet living after whose decease he obtained that of Brunswick also in the same Year His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Woldemar Elector of Brandenburg by
whom he had Eight Children Himself was Slain in a single Combat with Otho Count Schaumburg wherein he had thrown and disarmed the Count and was just a going to kill him as he lay on the ground had he not been prevented by being run through himself by a common Soldier The Names of his Children were 1. Frederick the Second who by an Agreement with his Brethren had at first the sole Administration of the Dutchy of Brunswick He beat Otho surnamed Malus or The Bad out of Wolfembuttel and overthrew the Barons that detained his Brother Bernhard in Prison After this being in high Repute for his Courage he was chosen Emperor by some of the Electors in room of Wenceslaus whom they had deposed but Slain in his way home not far from Frislar as he was returning from Frankfort His Wife was Anne Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony who bore him Two Daughters viz. Anne married to Frederick the Third of Austria deceased 1432. and Elizabeth the Wife of Henry or as Cuspinian will have it Gunther Count Swartzburg 2. Bernhard the First of whom more in the Line of Lunenburg 3. Henry the Fourth of whom in the next 4. Otho the Eleventh Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1416. 5. Helena the Wife of Albert Duke of Meckleburg and King of Sweden 6. Agnes married first to Busson Count Mansfeldt and after his decease to Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania stetin 7. Sophia espoused by Henry Duke of Meckleburg And 8. Catharine married in 1391. to Gerhard Duke of Sleswick and after he was Slain to Erick the Third Duke of Sax-Lawenburg Of the old Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § VI. WE now return to Henry the Fourth Author and Propagator of the old Line of Brunswick properly so called In 1395. he reduced the Lunenburgers In 1404. he undertook an Expedition ' gainst Otho Count Schcumburg but being taken by Henry of Eberstein and Simon and Bernhard Counts de Lippe could not obtain his Liberty but on Promise by Oath to pay them 2000 Florins Ransom from which Oath he was afterwards freed by his Holiness the Pope He could never agree with his Brother the Bishop of Ferden His Death bears date 1416. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania whom he married An. 1386. after whose Decease he took Margaret Daughter of Herman of Hesse to his Second By the first Lady he had Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. William of whom a little below And 2. Catharine married to Frederick the First Elector of Saxony deceased Dec. 28. 1442. But by the Second only a Son named Henry surnamed Lappen-Krieg born 1411. deceased 1473. having had to Wife Helen Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves and by her an only Daughter named Margaret and married to William Prince of Henneberg An. 1469. William succeeded his Father and was surnam'd The Victorious from Seven Famous Victories he obtained The first over the Hussites An. 1421. The second over those of Hildesheim in the same Year The third over the Turks for Sigismund the Emperor An. 1424. The fourth over Erick King of Denmark in behalf of the Hans Towns and those of Sleswick An. 1427. The fifth over Theodorick Arch-Bishop of Munster An. 1446. The sixth over Maurice Earl of Oldenburg An. 1462. And the last over the Inhabitants of Eimbeck He departed this Life An. 1482. aged Ninety having had Cecily Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg to his first Wife and Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumburg Bernhard the Second of Lunenburg's Widow deceased 1468. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. William surnamed The Younger of whom in the next Section 2. Frederick the Fourth who had Calenberg assigned him for his Patrimony but died in Confinement where he was kept by reason of his being Crazed An. 1499. And 3. Otho deceased in his Infancy 1468. § VII Return we now to William the Younger who loved Retirement and a quiet Life In 1490. he bought Helmstadt of the Abbot of Verden and departed this Life 1503. having some time before given up the Governmen to his Sons and divided his Dominions among them He had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Budo Count Stolberg who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Henry the Eighth born June 24. 1463. of whom more below 2. Anne born 1470. and married to William Son of Henry the Fifth Prince of Hesse And 3. Erick the Third born the same Year with his Sister Anne who had the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen settled on him by his Father and was a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the greatest Hero's of his Age being said to have overcome in no less than twelve several Battels He departed this Life July 26. 1540. leaving Issue by his second Wife Erick the Younger who succeeded him but yet died without Issue at Pavia in Italy An. 1584. Return we now to Henry the Eighth surnamed der Duadc who being a Prince of an unquiet Temper that sought all occasions of falling out with his Neighbours involv'd both himself and Subjects in many difficulties He was at last Slain by a Canon Ball at the Siege of Orth a Castle in East-Friesland June 23. 1514. His Wife was Catharine Sister of Bugâ—slaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1526. which March gave birth to the following Issue 1. Christopher Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen born 1487. deceased Jan. 22. 1558. 2. Henry the Tenth born Nov. 10. 1489. of whom in the next Section 3. Erick the Fourth Commendator of the Teutonick Order taken Prisoner at the Battel of Lunenburg but Ransom'd afterwards He died at Coblentz An. 1525. 4. Francis the Second born 1492. Elected Bishop of Minden 1504. deceased Nov. 29. 1529. 5. George the First Arch-Bishop of Bromen born 1494. deceased Dec. 4. 1562. 6. William the Sixth Commendator of the Order of St. John in Mirow deceased 1558. 7. Catharine the Wife of Magnus the Second Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1563. And 8. Elizabeth married to William Count Henneberg § VIII We now return to Henry the Tenth a Prince impatient of Ease and a quiet Life In his Youth he served George Duke of Saxony against the Frieslanders He likewise assisted his Uncle Erick against the Bishop of Hildeâ—â—m but above all signaliz'd his Courage and Conduct under the Emperor Charles the Fifth in his Wars against the French In 1525. he suppressed the Insurrection of the Boors by giving 'em a total Defeat He first established the Right to Succession by Birth-right in this Line He was a Mortal Enemy of Luther's nor wou'd he permit any of his Subjects to embrace his Doctrine Moreover he was accused of many high Misdemeanors by the Principal States of the Empire whereupon he was beat out of his Dominions by the Princes of the Smalcaldick League An. 1543. and afterwards taken Prisoner by Maurice Elector of Saxony but again set at liberty An. 1547. and at last died of old Age after many
turns of Fortune in the Year 1568. His first Wife was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Wurtenburg deceased 1541. after whose Death he married Sophia Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1575. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Charles Victor born 1521. slain at the Battel of Sivershuse July 19. 1553. 2. Philip Magnus born 1522. and slain in the same Fight 3. Julius born 1528. of whom in the next Section 4. John all short liv'd 5. Henry all short liv'd 6. Joachim And all short liv'd 7. Andrew all short liv'd 8. Catharine married to John Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1537. deceased 1574. 9. Margaret given in Marriage to John Duke of Monsterberg 1561. deceased 1565. 10. Clara who quitting the Cloyster married Philip Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen mentioned by us towards the latter end of the third Section and died 1595. And 11. Mary Lady Abbess of Gandersheim deceased 1595. § IX Julius succeeding his Father was of a different Opinion to him in matters of Religion and therefore abolished the Popish Superstition commanding the Julian Body of Divinity to be followed throughout his Dominions He likewise opened an University at Helmstadt Oct. 14. 1576. and departed this Life 1589. In 1560. he took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue Male and Female as follow viz. 1. Sophia Hedewig born 1561. married to Ernest Lewis Duke of Pomerania 1577. deceased 1631. 2. Henry Julius born Oct. 15. 1564. of whom we shall soon speak again 3. Mary born 1566. she was married to Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and died 1626. 4. Elizabeth born 1567. and married after the decease of her first Husband Adolph Count Schaumburg An. 1604. to Christopher Duke of Brunswick-Zell She died 1618. 5. Philip Sigismund Bishop of Ferden and Osnabrug born July 1. 1568. deceased 1623. 6. Margaret born 1571. and deceased in her Infancy 7. Joachim Charles Provost of Strasburg born Ap. 23. 1573. deceased Oct. 9. 1615. 8. Sabina Catharine born 1674. deceased 1590. 9. Dorothy Augusta Lady Abbess of Gandersheim born 1577. deceased 1611. 10. Julius Augustus Abbot of St. Michael in the City of Lunenburg born Feb. 4. 1578. deceased 1617. And 11. Hedewig born 1580. married to Otho the Sixteenth Duke of Brunswick-Zell deceased 1641. We now return to Henry Julius who succeeded his Father Julius in the Dutchy and upon the death of Philip of Grubenhagen pretended to the sole right of succeeding to him also but that being opposed by the other Relations of the said Philip and an unhappy Division like to arise among 'em thereupon it was agreed by all Parties to refer the matter to the decision of the Law and so Henry at last let his Claim fall He departed this Life at Prague An. 1613. In 1585. he took Dorothy Daughter of Augustus Elector of Saxony to his first Wife but she dying two Years after he in 1590. married Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark By these he had Issue 1. Dorothy Hedewig born Feb. 4. 1587. married to Rudolph Prince of Anhalt 1605. deceased 1608. 2. Frederick Ulrick born Ap. 5. 1591. This Prince succeeded his Father and had much ado with the City of Brunswick but in the end brought it to such terms as forced it to submit and do him Homage An. 1616. He departed this Life 1634. and that without Issue by his Wife who was Anne Sophia Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg and so put an end to this Line 3. Sophia Hedewig the Wife of Ernest Casimire Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg born Feb. 20. 1592. deceased 1642. 4. Elizabeth born 1593. married first to Augustus An. 1612. and after his decease to John Philip Dukes of Saxony the One of the now Electoral the Other of the Ernestine Line She died 1650. 5. Hedewig born Feb. 19. 1595. married to Ulrick Duke of Pomerania 1619. deceased 1622. 6. Dorothy born June 8. 1596. married to Christian William Administrator of Magdeburg and Marquess of Brandenburg 1615. deceased 1649. 7. Christian the Second born Sept. 10. 1599. elected Bishop of Halberstadt 1616. deceased 1626. This Prince took part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia but was put to Flight by the Imperialists in a Battel fought not far from Hochst Nevertheless he had afterwards better Success against the Spaniard whose Forces he defeated under their Leader Don Francisco Gonsalvo de Corduba 8. Rudolph born 1602. and designed for Bishop of Halberstadt but prevented by Death 1616. 9. Henry Charles born 1609. deceased at Helmstadi 1615. And 10. Anne Augusta born May 19. 1612. and married to George Lewis Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Of the Line of Lunenburg or Zell § X. MAtter 's thus far cleared we now return to Bernhard mentioned by us above in the fifth Section Numb 2. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Henry had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and died 1434. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony and by her Two Sons and a Daughter viz. 1. Otho the Twelfth surnamed Von der Heyde who succeeded him and married Elizabeth of Eberstein yet died without Issue 1445. 2. Frederick the Third surnamed The Religious of whom immediately And 3. Catharine married to Casimire Duke of Pomerland-stetin Frederick succeeded Otho his Brother and built the Franciscan Monastery at Zell whereunto he retired having given up the Government to his Sons by whose untimely Deaths he was once more forced from thence to return to the Administration of the Publick over which he afterwards presided Seven Years and died 1478. His Wife was Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Children by her as follow viz. 1. Bernhard the Second Administrator of the Arch Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Dignity he resigned after six Years enjoying it and had the Government of Lunenburg put into his hands by his Father upon his retiring from secular Affairs yet died before him and that without Issue notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumberg 2. Otho the Thirteenth surnamed The Victorious a Valiant and Just Prince who succeeded his Brother but yet died before his Father An. 1471. leaving Anne of Nassau a Widow and by her an only Son named Henry the Ninth born 1468. of whom more in the next Section And 3. Margaret married to Henry the Third Duke of Meckleburg § XI Henry the Ninth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy was brought up under the Tuition of his Mother and Grandfather and after he came to the Management of Affairs himself had many Wars He departed this Life at Paris An. 1532. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Ernestus the First Elector of Saxony and by her Issue as followeth namely 1. Elizabeth married to Charles Duke of Guelderland 1518. deceased 1572. 2. Otho the Fourteenth born Aug. 24. 1495. who
had his Seat at Harburg where he had Issue by the Lady Metta de Rampen Otho the Fifteenth born Sept. 25. 1528. which Otho had Two Wives namely Margaret of Swartzburg and Hedewig Daughter of Emico Earl of East-Friesland and by them a numerous Off-spring whose Names were 1. Elizabeth born 1553. and married to Erick de Brabe Earl of Wisenburg in Sweden 1582. 2. Otho Henry born 1555. deceased 1591. 3. John Frederick born 1557. deceased 1619. 4. William the Eighth who succeeded his Father in the District of Marburg but died without Issue An. 1642. 5. Enno born 1565. deceased in his Infancy 6. Anne Margaret Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1567. deceased 1643. 7. Henry born and dead 1568. 8. Hedewig born 1569. deceased an Infant 1620. 9. Christopher the Second born Aug. 21. 1570. deceased July 7. 1606. having had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Julius Duke of Brunswick but by her no Issue 10. Otho the Sixteenth born March 20. 1572. deceased also without Issue 1641. notwithstanding he had married Hedewig another Daughter of the said Julius Duke of Brunswick 11. John the Seventh born 1573. deceased 1625. 12. Elizabeth born 1574. deceased in her Infancy 13. Catharine Sophia born 1577. and married to Herman Count Schaumberg 1619. 14. Frederick the Sixth born Dec. 6. 1578. who served Charles King of Sweden in his Liffland Wars and died Sept. 17. 1605. And 15. Frederick Augustus born and dead the same Year viz. 1580. 3. Erneste the Seventh Preserver of the Family born June 26. 1497. of whom in the next Section 4. Apollonia born 1499. deceased 1571. whose Epitaph is still to be seen in the Cathedral Church at Ultzen 5. Anne born 1502. married to Bernim Duke of Pomerania 1523. deceased 1568. And 6. Francis the First born Nov. 23. 1508. who kept his Court in Giffhorn-Castle where he likewise died An. 1540. having had to Wife Clara Daughter of Magnus Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and by her Two Daughters that out-liv'd her namely 1. Catharine born 1534. married to Henry of Ruthen Burgrave of Meissen deceased 1565. And 2. Clara to Bernhard of Anhalt and after his decease in 1572. to Bugislaus Duke of Pomerania She died 1578. The above-named Henry is likewise said to have had Two other Sons and a Daughter but being their Names are no where to be found 't is not to be doubted but that they died Infants § XII We are now come to speak of Erneste the Seventh which Prince settled the Reformed formed Religion in his Provinces and subscribed the Augustane Confession Moreover he defeated the Tumultuous Boors with their Adherents As also the Anabaptists by the Assistance of the Bishop of Munster and departed this Life in the Year 1546. and 49th of his Age. He had to Wife Sophia Daughter of Henry surnamed The Peace-Maker Duke of Meckleburg whom he married An. 1520. and by her a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Francis Otho born June 20. 1530. deceased Ap. 25. 1559. just after his Marriage with Elizabeth Magdalen Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg 2. Frederick the Fifth born 1532. and Slain at the Battle of Sivershuse July 9. 1553. 3. Henry the Eleventh born June 4. 1533. who designing to live a Batchellor was content with the Counties of Danneberg and Wittenburg and resigned the Principality of Lunenburg to his younger Brother William yet afterwards altering his Mind married Ursula Daughter of Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg An. 1569. and died Jan. 17. leaving Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. Julius Ernestus born March 11. 1571. who succeeded him in his Possessions and took to Wife Mary Daughter of Emico Earl of East-Friesland after whose death An. 1616. he married Sibil Daughter of William Duke of Brunswick-Hanouer who survived him and liv'd till 1652. whereas himself died 1636. leaving Issue only a Daughter and that by his first Wife namely Mary Catharine born 1616. married to Adolph Frederick Duke of Meckleburg Swerin 1635. deceased 1665. 2. Francis the Third Canon of Strasburg and Cologne born June 6. 1572. and lost in the River not far from Strasburg 3. Sibil Elizabeth born 1576. and married in 1601. to Anthony Count Oldenburg 4. Sidonia born 1577. deceased a Maid 1645. 5. Augustus of whom more in the next Section as Author of the new Line of Brunswick 4. Margaret born June 10. 1534. and married to John Count Mansfeldt 5. William the Seventh born July 4. 1535. of whom more in the fourteenth Section as Propagator of the Line of Lunenburg 6. Ursula born 1536. deceased 1538. 7. Catharine born 1537. deceased in her Infancy 8. Elizabeth Ursula born 1539. married to Otho Count Schaumburg 1558. deceased 1586. 9. Magdalen born 1540. married to Arnold Count Benthem 1561. deceased 1586. And 10. Sophia born 1541. given in marriage to Poppo Count Henneberg 1562. Of the New Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § XIII WE now return to Augustus the Second born Ap. 10. 1579. who at first kept his Court at Hitzgar but upon the decease of Frederick Ulrick in 1634. the last of the Old Line of Brunswick and his own Brother Julius Ernestus dying likewise soon after he succeeded 'em both in their Dominions yet so as that the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen were to return to the Line of Zell He was a Just Religious Merciful Prince well read in all sorts of Learning He was elected Head of the Fruitful Society The whole course of his Government was exceeding happy to the very day of his Death which was Sept. 17. 1666. and the Eighty Eighth of his Age. His first Wife was Clara Maria Daughter of Bugislaus Duke of Pomerland stetin Sigismund Augustus Duke of Meckleburg's Widow deceased 1623. His second Dorothy of Rudolph Prince of Anhalt Servestan who died Sept. 26. 1634. And his third Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of John Albert Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow married to him in 1635. whom he left a Widow By the second and third Ladies he had a fair Issue whose Names were and are as follow viz. 1. Henry Augustus born Ap. 28. 1625. deceased Sept. 30. 1627. 2. Rudolph Augustus born May 16. 1628. who succeeded his Father and by the Assistance of the other Princes of his Family subdued the City Brunswick which for some Ages had withdrawn its Allegiance from its lawful Prince where he caused a House of Correction to be built and restored the great Fair call'd Die Messe In 1650. he married the Lady Christina Elizabeth Daughter of Adolph Frederick the last Count de Barbien deceased 1681. having born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. Dorothy Sophia born Jan. 28. 1653. and married to John Adolph Duke of Holstein-Plonen 1673. 2. Christina Sophia born Ap. 3. 1654. and affianced to her Cousin-Germain Prince Augustus William 1681. And 3. Eleanor Sophia born 1655. deceased the Year following 3. Sibilla Ursula born 1629. married to Christian Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg deceased 1671. 4. Anonyma deceased as soon as born 1631. 5. Clara Augusta born
Pomerania Sept. 24. 1655. His Wife was Eleanor Catharine Daughter of John Casimire Prince Palatine of Deux-Ponts whom he married An. 1646. which Match gave birth to three Daughters now living whose Names are 1. Christina born Oct. 30. 1649. married to Ferdinand Albert Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Wolfembuttel 1667. whose Relict she now is 2. Juliana born 1652. and espoused by the Free Baron of Zilienburg And 3 Charlotte born Oct. 30. 1653. married to Augustus Duke of Sax-Quernfurt 1673 and after his decease which happened the Year following to John Adolph Count Tecklenburg 14. Christian born 1622. deceased Dec. 14. 1641. 15. Ernest born Dec. 9. 1523. whose Residence was in Rheinfeld Castle In 1652 he turn'd Catholick and died Feb. 19. 1682 leaving Issue by the Lady Mary Eleanor o◠Solms two Sons viz. 1. William born 1648. and married in 1669. to the Lady Mary Anne of Wertheim by whom he has had Issue only a Daughter named Mary Eleanor and deceased almost as soon as born And 2. Charles the second born 1650. In 1667. he married Sophia Magdalen of Solms who dying at Venice in 75. he the same Year took to Wife Alexandrina Juliana of Leiningen by the first Venture he has Issue now living 1 William Canon of Cologne born 1671. Frederick born 1673. who likewise enjoys the same Dignity And Philip born 1674. 16. Christina born July 9. 1625. deceased July 25. 1626. 17. Philip born 1627. deceased July 8. 1629. And 18. Elizabeth born 1628. deceased Feb. 11. 1636. § IV. William mentioned by us in the foregoing Section Number 5. succeeded his Father a the Government and in 1628. came to an Agreement with the Line of Darmstadt about the succession to their Uncle Lewis's Possession and other matters hitherto controverted He took part with the King of Sweden and departed this life Sept. 21. 1637. His Princess was Amalia Elizabeth of Hanaw married to him Nov. 21. 1619. who bore him twelve Children whereof only four liv'd to be of Age and died herself Aug. 8. 1651. having bred up her Children excellently well and managed the Government during her Son's minority with wonderful Prudence and Success The Names of the Surviving Issue were 1. Aemilia born Feb. 12. 1626. married to Henry Charles de Tremoville Prince of Taranto 1648. deceased 1686. 2. Charlotte born Nov. 20. 1627. married to Charles Lewis Elector Palatine 1650. deceased a Widow March 16. 1686. 3. William the Sixth born May 29. 1629. of whom soon again 4. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Herverden born June 23. 1634. William the Sixth succeeded his Father and in 1649. took to Wife the Lady Hedewig Sophia Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg He twice Defeated the Imperialists and died July 15. 1663. having had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Charlotte Amalia born Ap. 27. 1650. and married in 1668. to the present King of Denmark 2. William the Seventh born June 21. 1651. deceased in his way to Paris Nov. 21. 1670. 3. Lovise born 1652. deceased the Year following 4. Charles the present Landtgrave of Hesse Cassel born Aug. 3. 1654. who on May 21. 1673. took to Wife the Lady Mary Amalia Daughter of James Duke of Curland who has born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. William born March 29. 1674. deceased 16 2. Charles born 1675. deceased Dec. 7. 1677. 3. Frederick the present Prince Hereditary born Ap. 28. 1676. 4. Christian born 1677. and since dead 5. Sophia Charlotte born July 16. 1678. 6. Charles June 12. 1680. 7. William born 1682. since deceased And 8. Leopold born Dec. 30. 1684. 5. Philip the fifth born Dec. 14. 1655. who Resides at Hirschfeld and in 1680. married the Lady Amalia Catharine of Solms by whom he has Issue 1. Wilhelmina Hedewig born Oct. 9. 1681. And 2. Charles Sept. 23. 1682. 6. George the fourth born March 20. 1657. deceased 1674. And 7. Elizabeth Henrietta born 1661. married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Aug. 23 167 deceased June 27. 1683. Of the Line of Darmstadt § V. AMongst the Sons of Philip the Magnanimous above named there was mention made of George the First as Author of the Line of Darmstadt Section 2. Number 10. This prince founded Thirteen Country Schools and died Feb. 7. 1596. having had the Lady Magdalen of Lappe deceased 1587. to his first Wife and Eleanor Daughter of Christopher of Wurtenburg Joachim Ernestus Prince of Anhault's Widow who died 1618. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. Philip Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1576. 2. Lewis the Sixth born Sep. 24. 1577. of whom in the next Section 3. Christina born Nov. 28. 1578. affianced to Frederick Magnus Count d'Erpach deceased 1596. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 26. 1579. given in marriage to John Casimire Count Palatine in Saarbrucken deceased 1625. 5. Mary Hedewig born 1580. deceased 1581. 6. Philip the Fourth who had his Seat at Butzbach and miserably perished in a Bath Ap. 28. 1643. leaving no Issue 7. Anne born March 3. 1583. married to Ernest Count Solms deceased 1601. 8. Frederick the Third born May the 5th of whom more beneath in the Branch of Homburg 9. Magdalen born 1586. all short liv'd 10. Joan 1587. And all short liv'd 11. Henry 1590. all short liv'd § VI. We now return to Lewis the Sixth who Founded the University at Giessen Oct. 10. 1605. In 1622. he was taken Prisoner by Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine but soon after set at liberty by him He first caused the Right of Primogeniture to obtain in his Line and died July 27. 1626. His Wife was Magdalen of John George Elector of Brandenburg who died 1616. having born him Twelve Children whose Names were as follow 1. Elizabeth Magdalen born Apr. 25. 1600. married to Lewis Frederick of Wurtenburg July 13. 1617. deceased 1624. 2. Anne Eleanor born July 30. 1601. married to George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Hanouer Dec. 14. 1617. deceased 1640. 3. Mary born 1602. deceased 1610. 4. Sophia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1604. and married to John Frederick Count Palatine of the Line of Newburg Nov. 7. 1614. 5. George the Second born March 17. 1605. of whom in the next Section 6. Juliana born Apr. 14. 1606. married to Ulrick Earl of East-Friesland March 5. 1631. deceased Jan. 15. 1659. 7. Amalia born 1607 deceased Sept. 11. 1627. 8. John the Second born June 17. 1609. a Prince of great Courage and Prudence in the Government of his Family He had his Seat at Braubach where he died Issueless Apr. 1. 1641. 9. Henry the Seventh born Apr. 1. 1612. Consul for the German Nation at Siena where he died An. 16 10. Hedewig born 1613. deceased 1616. 11. Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1614. 12. Frederick the Fifth born Feb. 28. 1616. who turning Catholick was Constituted Grand Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem throughout all Germany An. 1651. promoted to be Cardinal and Protector of the German
Fridenwalde-Castle An. 1480. In 1492. William added the Lordship of Epstein to his other Possessions In 1557. â—his Family after several Disputes about the matter became possessed of the whole County of Catzen Elnbogen In 1504. the Seigniâ—ory of Bickenbach fell to it the Ancient Barons thereof becoming at that time extinct In 1571. the Lordship of Plesse was annex'd to it and part of the County of Hoye as was also the Barony of Franckenstein some Two Years after In 1600. Lewis of Darmstadt bought Kelsterbach on the River Last of all by the Peace of Osenburg An. 1648. the Jurisdiction of Hirschfeld-Abby but with the Title of a Principality was yielded up to the Landtgrave as was also good part of the County of Schaumburg Of its Decrease and Pretensions § XI THe Encroachments suffered by thâ— Family and Pretensions which may thence arise are so very inconsiderable that they are scarce worth taking notice of unless we shall here alledge the great Ravages and Devastations made in the Principality 〈◊〉 Darmstadt by the French And it has been already observed how this Family has entre into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Family of Saxony and Brandenburg CHAP. XII Of the Family of Meckleburg § I. THat this Family is descended from the Ancient Kings of the Herah and Obâ—trâ—ti is the Opinion of almost all Writers yet are they often wanting in the Line of Succession This is certain That Prâ—â—â—lans the Second was reduced to such Extremities by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony that he was forc'd with all Submission to demand a Peace of him which indeed he did obtain together with a considerable Tract of Land betwixt the Elbe and Baltick Shore but â—et to content himself for the future with the Stile of Duke In which Stile he made publick Profession of the Christian Faith and was Baptized at Lunenburg by the Abbot of St. Michael with great Solemnity He was alterwards Slain by a Tragical accident in a Tournament at Lunenburg An. 1215. His first Wise was Maud Daughter of Bolestans Crispns Duke of Poland and his second Voisboda Daughter of Burewin King of Norway by which last he had Issue 1. Henry Burewin deceased 1218. having had to Wife the Lady Maud Daughter of Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony and by her Two Sons namely 1. Nicholâ—t miserably buried in the Ruins of an old House And 2. Henry Founder of the Cathedral at Gustrow deceased 1228. whose Dutchess was the Princess Sophia Daughter of Charles the First King of Sweden by whom he had Four Sons whose Names were as follow viz. 1. John the Divine of whom in the next Section 2. Pribislaus the Third Lord in Parchim the only Person of all his Family who continued a Pagan He begat Pribislaus the Fourth who died Childless 3. Burewin the Third whose Patrimony was the City Rostock where he Founded the Monastry of St. John and had Issue by Margaret of Denmark Three Sons 1. Henry both which died without Issue And 2. Erick both which died without Issue And 3. Woldemar deceased 1287. leaving one Son Nicholot the Sixth surnamed the Boy of Rostock who likewise had no Issue 4. Nicholot the Fifth deceased 1277. leaving Issue besides Bernhard and Henry the Fourth a Third Son named John the Second who died 1316 and was Father of Nicholot the Seventh which Nicholot was succeeded in the District of Rostock by his Son John the Third who by Maud Daughter of Barnim the Second Duke of Pomerania had Issue 1. John the Fourth And 2. Nicholot the Eighth who had no Male Issue but John begot 1. Nicholot the Ninth And 2. Bernhard Nicholot the Ninth was Father of Laurence who departed this Life 1393. leaving Issue by Maud Daughter of Nicholot the Eighth a Son named Balthasar deceased 1400. or as others 1401. As for Benhard he begat John the Fifth who was Father of Three Sons namely 1. Christopher deceased without Issue 2. Nicholot the Tenth a Prince highly esteemed for his Piety and Prudence in the Government of his Family who died An. 1406. And 3. William who departed this Life 1430. leaving only a Daughter named Katharine and married to the last Prince of Stargart § II. We now return to John the Divine who Studied 20 Years at the University of Paris where he commenced Doctor of Divinity He departed this Life 1260. leaving by his Wise Luitgarde Daughter of Peppâ— Count de Henneberg besides other Issue a Son named Henry the Fourth and surnamed of Jerusalem for his good Services in the Holy War in which he was taken Prisoner by the Saracens and not set at liberty till above Twenty six Years after He died An. 1302. having begot Henry the Lyon or Seventh on his Wife the Princess Anastasia Daughter of Barnim Duke of Pomerania-Stetin This Leo or the Lyon who died 1329. his Eldest Son's Name was Albert the First Matriculated and declared Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Charles the Fourth He departed this Life 1380. having married Euphemia Daughter of Magnus King of Sweden by whom he had Two Sons viz. 1. Albert the Second who was elected King of Sweden but being overcome and made Prisoner by Margaret Queen of Denmark An. 1388. was kept so by her for seven Years and then set at liberty which yet he enjoyed not long for he died the Year following viz. 1396. His Two Wives were first Fâ—chsa Daughter of Otho the last Earl of Swerin And secondly Helena Daughter of Magnus Torquatus Duke of Brunswick by which last he had Issue Two Sons 1. Erick the First And but both died without Issue 2. Albert the but both died without Issue 2 Magnus the First who died at Aix la Chapelle An. 1384. and was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John the Third who Founded the Unviersity at Rostock in 1415. and had the same opened and confirmed four Years after He departed this Life An. 1423. leaving the Government of his Provinces to his Son Henry the Fourth § III. This Henry the Fourth surnamed The Gross died 1477. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and by her this following Issue viz. 1. Anne deceased a Maid 1464. 2. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Reibnitz 3. Albert the Sixth deceased without Issue 1491. 4. John the Sixth who died of the Plague 1475. 5. Balthasar deceased also without Issue March 7. 1507. 6. Magnus the Second in whose Issue this Family was preserved who Founded the Cathedral and died Nov. 22. 1503. having had to Wife the Lady Sophia Daughter of Erick the Second Duke of Pomerania deceased 1504. Which Match gave Birth to 1. Henry the Fifth surnamed Pacificus or The Peace-Maker who brought the true Doctrine of Christ into his Dominions according to the Lutheran Profession But whereas his Two Sons Magnus the Third and Philip died both without Issue the Government fell to his Brother Albert's Eldest Son as we shall show immediately 2. Erick the Second deceased 1508. 3.
Sophia married to John Elector of Saxony An. 1500. deceased July 12. 1503. 4. Anne to William Landtgrave of Hesse An. 1500. and after his decease to Otho Count Solms She died 1525. 5. Catharine the Wife of Henry Duke of Saxony of the Line of Albert deceased June 6. 1561. 6. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Reibnitz And 7. Albert the Seventh surnamed The Fair born May 3. 1487. deceased Jan. 10. 1547. His Wife was Anne Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Eldest Son John Albert the First This John Albert was a very Learned Prince Governed his Provinces excellently well and departed this Life Feb. 2. 1576. leaving Issue by Anne Sophia Daughter of Albert Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg 1. John the Seventh who being grievously opprest with Melancholy laid violent hands on himself at Stargart March 22. 1592. His Sons by Sophia Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein were 1. Adolph Frederick born Dec. 4. 1589. of whom in the next Section And 2. John Albert the Second born May 5. 1590. of whom more below in the Line of Gustrow Of the Line of Swerin § IV. JOhn Frederick was Author and Propagator of the present Line of Swerin This Prince was Proscribed with his Brother upon his siding with Christian the Fourth King of Denmark and had his Dutchy given to Wallenstein Duke of Friedland but was again restored to it by the Victorious Arms of Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden An. 1631. He departed this Life Feb. 24. 1658. being merely worn out by Age. His Wives were first Anne Mary Daughter of Enno Earl of East-Friesland who died 1634. And secondly Mary Catharine Daughter of Julius Ernestus Duke of Lunenburg and Brunswick deceased July 1. 1665. By these he had Issue 1. Christian Lewis the present Prince Regent born Dec. 1. 1623. who turned Catholick Oct. 29. 1663. and had the Order of the Holy Ghost conferr'd on him by the French King In the same Year he got himself divorc'd from Christina Margaret of Gustrow his Cousin-Germain and first Wife and married Isabel Angelia de Montmoreney the Duke de Chastillon's Widow but is like to have no Issue by her 2. Sâ—phia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1625. who leads a single Life and lately liv'd in Ruen Castle 3. Charles the born March 8. 1626. deceased without Issue Aug. 20. 1670. 4. Anne Mary born July 1. 1627. married to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg 164 deceased 1669. 5. John George the First born May 5. 1629. who liv'd in Mirau Castle and married Elizabeth Eleanor Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Dake of Brunswick yet had no Issue surviving at his death which happened in the Year 1675. 6. Hedewig born 1630. deceased the Year after 7. Gustavus Rudolph born 1631. deceased May 14. 1670. having never had Issue by his Wife the Lady Erdmuth Sophia Daughter of Francis Henry Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 8. Juliana born 1633. deceased 1634. 9. Julian Sibil born 1636. as yet unmarried 10. Frederick born Feb. 13. 1638. who lived at Krabow with his Wife the Lady Christina Wilhelmina Daughter of Christopher Prince of Hesse Bingenheim by whom he left Two Sons surviving at his death which happened in April last Year viz. 1688. whose Names are Frederick William born March 13. 1675. And Charles born 1679. 11. Christina Lady Abbess of Gendersheim born 1639. 12. Bernhard Sigismand born and dead the same Year 1641. 13. Augusta born 1643. deceased 1644. 14. Mary Elizabeth born 1646. not yet married 15. Anne Sophia born Nov. 24. 1647. and married to Julius Sigismund Duke of Wurtenburg of the Silesian Line March 25. 1677. 16. Adolph Ernest born 1650. deceased the Year after 17. Philip Lewis born 1652. deceased 1655. 18. Henry William born and dead the same Year viz. 1653. And 19. Adolph August born 1650. who lives at present in the Castle of Strelitz and has taken to Wife his Cousin Mary Daughter of Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of Meckleburg-Gustrow by whom he hath a Son and as I think of his own Name Of the Line of Gustrow § V. THis Line began in John Albert the Second whom we mentioned in the end of the last Section He was of the Reformed Religion and ended his days in the Year 1636. His Wives were first Margaret Elizabeth Daughter of Christopher Duke of Secondly Elizabeth Daughter of Maurice Landtgrave of Hesse And Thirdly Eleanor Mary Daughter of Christian Prince of Anhalt By the first and second Ventures he had Nine Children whereof Five were short liv'd the other Four were 1. Sophia Elizabeth born 1613. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1635. deceased 1676. 2. Christina Margaret born March 9. 1615. remarried after the decease of Francis Albert Duke of Sax Lawenburg her first Husband to Christian Lewis the present Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin deceased Aug. 16. 1666. 3. Anne Sophia born Sept. 29. married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1649. deceased Feb. 19. 1666. And 4. Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of the Line of Gustrow born Feb. 26. 1633. who hath taken to Wife Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick whom he married Nov. 28. 1654. and hath had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. John born 1655. deceased 1660. 2. Eleanor born 1657. deceased 1672. 3. Mary born 1659. and married to her Cousin Adolph Gustavus of Swerin 4. Magdalen born July 4. 1660. 5. Sophia June 21. 1662. 6. Christina born Aug. 14. 1663. and married to Christian Lewis Count Stolberg An. 1683. 7. Charles the Second born Nov. 18. 1664. who in 1687. took to Wife the Princess Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg yet died this excellent Prince on the 15th of March in the following Year and that without Issue 8. Hedewig Eleanor born Jan. 12. 1666. 9. Lovise Aug. 28. 1667. 10. Elizabeth Sept. 13. 1668. And 11. Augusta Dec. 27. 1674. Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. WHat Lands Pribislaus the Second Duke of Meckleburg had granted him by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony has been already observ'd Afterwards the Lordship of Stargart was added to this Dutchy An. 1290. In 1301. Henry of Jerusalem subdued the City Weismar by force of Arms. In 1317. this Family had the Province of Rostock settled on it by the then King of Denmnrk Albert the Second having married the Daughter and Heiress of Otho Rosa the last Earl of Swerin of the Family of Barlenleb did in her right become possessed of the said County with the City Domitz An. 1355. In 1431. upon the death of the last Prince of the that Principality fell to our Family as next of Blood In 1648. it had likewise the Bishoprick of Swerin but with the Title of a Principality the Bishoprick of Ratzburg a Canonry of Magdeburg a Canonry of Halberstadt and two Commendum's belonging to the Order of St. John namely Mirau and Numerau settled upon it by way of Compensation for the loss of Weismar CHAP. XIII Of the Family of Wirtenburg §
that other of Rotelen by the disposition of his Father liv'd at Durlach was a Lutheran and in great request for his Prudence with the Emperor Maximilian the First He dy'd Feb. 6. 1553. and besides Seven Daughters left Three Sons 1. Bernhard the Fifth born 1517. dy'd the same Year with his Father 2. Charles the Third born July 24. 1529. 3. Albert the Second a Valiant Warrior but dy'd without Children 1642. Of these Charles the Third succeeded his Father and dy'd March 23. 1577. His first Wife was Cunigund Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg who dying 1558. He married Anne Daughter of Rupert Palatine of Veldentz who dy'd March 30. 1586. and left him 1. Dorothy Ursula born 1559. married to Lewis the Fifth of Wirtenburg and dy'd 1583. 2. Ernest Frederick his Successor born 1560. who as has been said Section 5. had a Dispute with his Kinsmen the Sons of Edward the Fortunate touching the Upper Marquisate or Baden of Baden He was a smart Defender of Lutheranism Founded a famous School at Durlach and dy'd April 14. 1604. but left no Issue tho' married to Anne Daughter of Etzhard Earl of Ostfrise Son of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine 3. James the Third born May 26. 1562. dy'd Aug. 15. 1590. And by Elizabeth Daughter of Florence Earl of Cullenburg left Anne born 1587. who was married to Wolrad of Waldeck and brought him the Earldom of Cullenburg and dy'd 1648. And one Posthumous Son James Ernestus who liv'd not long 4. George Frederick born Jan. 10. 1573. § VII This George succeeded his Brothers and suffer'd much by means of the Palatine Frederick the Fifth whose Party he adher'd to He dy'd at Geneva Sept 14. 1638. and had to Wife Juliana Ursula of Raugrave who dy'd 1614. and after that Agatha of the House of Erpace by whom he had Seventeen Children of which Eleven dy'd untimely The rest were 1. Catharine Ursula born Jan. 19. 1593. married to Otto of Hesse-Cassel 1613. dy'd Dec. 21. 1616. 2. Frederick the Second of whom presently 3. Anna Amalia born 1595. marry'd to William of Nassau in Saarbrucken 1615. dy'd 1652. 4. Charles the Fifth born 1598. dy'd in his Travel through France July 27. 1625. 5. Christopher the Fourth born March 16. 1603. Slain at the Siege of Ingolstadt Apr. 30. 1632. 6. Sibilla Magdalena born July 21. 1605. married June 7. 1629. to John of Nassau in Saarbrucken Frederick the Second born July 6. 1594. succeeded his Father He was a Prince of a general Learning took part with the King of Sweden which occasion'd him divers Troubles which he in a manner got out of by the Treaty of Osenburg dy'd Sept. 8. 1659. and had by Five Wives Eleven Children Six of which dy'd Infants The rest were 1. Frederick the Third born Nov. 6. 1617. of whom in the next Section 2. Sibilla born Feb. 5. 1620. dy'd unmarried Aug. 20. 1679. 3. Charles Magnus born March 17. 1621. he did the King of Sweden good Services and by that means came to be Lieutenant General of his Army dy'd Nov. 19. 1658. and left one Son Charles Frederick born 1651. He was a Knight of Malta and dy'd without Issue 1677. 4. Johanna born 1623. married to John Barnim Camp-Marshal of Sweden and after his Death to Henry Count of Thun 1648. and has been dead some Years 5. Gustavus Adolphus Abbot of Fulda in Germany and Cardinal He dy'd Dâ—â— 24. 1677. § VIII Frederick the Third succeeded his Father He was a Prince so great a Master of all the Arts of Peace and War that he wâ—â— General to the Emperor in the last War against the French and discharg'd it with Honour but having recover'd Philipsburg to the Empire dy'd 1677. in the Sixty Sixth Year of his Age His Wife was Christiana Magdalena Daughter of John Casimier Palatine of Bipont whom he married at Stockboim 1642. and had by her 1. Frederick Casimier born 1643. dy'd 1644. 2. Christiana born 1645. married 1665. to Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach and after his death to John Frederick Duke of Saxon-Gotham 1681. 3. Eleanora Catharina born and dy'd 1646. 4. Fredericus Magnus born Sept. 27. 1646. the now Reigning Prince He married Augusta Maria Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick May 15. 1670. by whom he had Ten Children of which Four dy'd Infants The rest now living are 1. Catharine born Oct. 10. 1676. 2. Carolus Wilhelmus born Jan. 17. 1679. 3. Johanna Elizabetha born Oct. 3. 1680. 4. Alberta Frederica born July 3. 1682. 5. Christopher born Sept. 28. 1684. 6. Charlotte Sophia born March 1. 1686. 5. Carolus Gustavus born Sept. 27. 1648. a Warlike Prince and had to Wife Anna Sophia Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg married to him 1677. who brought him 1. Christiana Juliana born Sept. 12. 1678. 2. Charles born and dy'd 1680. 3. Frederick Rodolph born 1681. dy'd 1682. 4. Charles Anthony born Jan. 29. 1683. 6. Catharina Barbara born 1650. yet unmarried 7 Johanna Elizabetha born 1651. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandendurg Ansbach dy'd Sept. 8. 1680. 8. Eleanora Frederica born and dy'd 1658. But the aforesaid Frederick's Wife dying he had Two natural Sons by a Private Gentlewoman her Father tho' a Colonel of Horse to wit Frederick and Bernhard call'd the Barons of Muntzenheim which Fief being possest by the Baron Hoffart and Escheated to him he conferr'd on them Of the Augmentations of this Family § IX HOw this Family got the Marquisate of Baden we have already shown After that Herman the Fourth had Durlach Heildesheim and Etlingen with his Wife the Daughter of Henry Count Palatine of Guelffe In the Year 1246. Herman the Fifth obtained the Dutchy of Austria and Stiria in right of his Wife In 1415. the County of Hochberg was further added A great part of Sponheim in 1437. and at the same time Mahlberg and Lobra in Ortenaw In 1444. Christopher hook'd in Baden-Weiler and Welschberg and after that Rodemachern Herspringen and Ufeldingen And upon the death of his Kinsman Philip the Landtgraviate of Sansenberg and the Seigniory of Rotelen fell in to the rest And lastly the Family of the Earls of Eberstein being extinct the greatest part of that County was added to that Family Of its Decreasings § X. THis Family suffer'd a loss about the middle of the Thirteenth Century at what time Ottocar King of Bohemia took Austria and Stiria from Frederick the rightful Heir But in the Last and this present French War both the Lines of this Family have suffer'd and do yet suffer And moreover has a pretence to the Principality of Geroltzeck CHAP. XV. Of the Family of Anhalt and Saxon-Lawenburg § I. THo' this Family be for Antiquity past all Memory yet it was known in the Year 524. by the Name of the Counts of Ascania and Ballenstedt After which Albert the Sixth of that House was by the Emperor Henry the Second created Marquess of Soltquel and died 1005. But when under Conrade the
Third the Family of the Ancient Marquesses of Brandenburg descended from the Counts of Staden and Ringelheim began to wear out Albert Ursus Marquess of Soltquel Ballenstedt and Wolpe was made Marquess of Brandenburg 1142. and dy'd Nov. 18. 1169. He had Two Wives first Sophia Daughter of Otto Earl of Reneck Secondly Helica Daughter of Conrade surnamed The Pious Marquess of Misnia He had by his first Wife 1. Otto Marquess and Elector of Brandenburg whose Posterity went out in Woldemar II. 1322. 2. Bernhard who upon the Proscription of Henry Leon had the Dutchy by the Gift of Frederick Barbarossa and dy'd 1212. leaving 1. Albert the First Duke and Elector of Saxony who dy'd 1260. and left 1. Albert the Second Duke and Elector of Saxony whose Posterity fail'd in Albert the Sixth 1422. 2. John the First who was the Founder of a new Line to wit Lawenburg in whose Male Issue it lasted till the Year 1688. at what time Julius Franciscus born 1640. the last of that Line dy'd leaving only Two Daughters 1. Anna Maria Francisca born June 13. 1672. 2. Francisca Sibilla Augusta born June 21. 1675. 2. Henry the Elder who by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa was made the first Prince of Anhalt § II. This Henry therefore we reckon the common Father of the now Family of Anhalt He dy'd 1257. and from whom we may go in a right Line to Joachim Ernestus born 1536. His Father was John the Fourth his Mother Margaret Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg Widow of George Duke of Pomeran and after the death of his Brothers sole Governour of the Provinces of Anhalt His Residence was in the Castle of Dessaw in Germany and dy'd Dec. 6. 1586. having had to Wife Agnes Daughter of Wolfgang Earl of Barbye who dy'd 1569. and after her Eleanora Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wirtenburg and by both of them had Sixteen Children 1. Anna Maria born 1562. married to Joachim Frederick Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1604. 2. Agnes born 1562. dy'd 1564. 3. Elizabeth born 1563. married to John George Elector of Brandenburg 1577. dy'd 1607. 4. Sibilla born Sept. 28. 1564. married to Frederick Duke of Wirtenburg 1581. dy'd 1614. 5. John George the First born March 9. 1567. of whom in the following Line of Dessaw 6. Christian the First born 1568. of whom Section 4. in the Line of Bernburg 7. Bernhard the Eighth born 1570. or as others Sept. 25. 1572. Slain as it s said in a Battle at Erlaw in Hungary Sept. 25. 1596. 8. Agnesa Hedewig born March 12. 1573. married to Augustus Elector of Saxony 1586. who dying 1588. she married John Duke of Holstein of the Line of Sunderburg and dy'd Nov. 3. 1616. 9. Dorothea Maria born July 2. 1574. married to John the Second Duke of Saxon-Vinar 1593. dy'd July 18. 1617. 10. Augustus born July 14. 1575. of whom more in the fifth Section 11. Rodolphus the Fifth born Oct. 28. 1576. the Founder of the Servestan Line of whom Section 6. 12. John Ernestus born May 1. 1578. He gave several Instances of his Courage but more especially in the taking Alba Regalis in Hungary by Storm 1601. dy'd Dec. 12. 1602. 13. Lodovick the First born June 17. 1579. He was the beginner of the Line of Coctan now extinct and dwelt in the Castle and City of Coctan where he was the Founder of that fruitful Society of Jruchtbringenden Geselschafft dy'd Jan. 7. 1650. His first Wife was Amaena Amalia of the House of Benthem in Westphalia who dying 1625. he married Sophia of the House of Lippien the Year following who dy'd 1650. by both which he had 1. Lodovick the First born 1607. dy'd 1624. 2. Louisa Amalia born 1609. dy'd 1625. 3. Louisa born 1634. dy'd 1635. 4. Wilhelmus Lodovicus born Aug. 3. 1638. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Elizabetha Charlotta a Niece of the House of Hatzgerod 1663. but dy'd without Issue Apr. 13. 1665. 14. Sabina born 1580. dy'd unmarried 15. Joachim Christopher born 1582. dy'd 1583. 16. Anna Sophia born 1584. she was the Wife of Gunther Albertus of Swartzburg dy'd 1657. Of the Line of Dessaw § III. MAtter 's thus brought together we go back to John George the First Eldest Son of Joachim Ernestus the Founder of this Line who in the division of the Estate had to his share Gesnitz Schandersleben Worbtzig and Radegast He profest the Reform'd Religion and dy'd May 13. 1618. His first Wise was Dorothy the Daugher of Albert Count Mansfeldt who dy'd 1594. His second Dorothy Daughter of John Casimier Palatinate of Simmeren in the Lower Palatinate who was married to him 1595. and dy'd 1618. He had by his first Wife Five Children and by his latter Eleven as they here follow 1. Sophia Elizabetha born Feb. 10. 1589. married to George Rodolphus Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1622. 2. Agnes Magdalena born March 29. 1590. married to Otto Landtgrave of Hesse 1617. dy'd 1626. 3. Anna Maria born 1591. dy'd unmarried 1637. 4. Joachim Ernestus the Second born July 16. 1592. dy'd May 28. 1615. 5. Christianus born 1593. dy'd 1594. 6. John Cassmier of whom a little after 7. Anna Elizabetha born 1599. married to William Earl of Bentheim 8. Frederick Mauritius born 1600. dy'd 1610. 9. Eleanora Dorothea born Feb. 6. 1602. married to William the Second Duke of Saxon-Wimar 1625. dy'd 1664. 10. Sibilla Christiana born Jan. 10. 1603. first married to Philip Mauritius and after his death to Frederick Casimier Earl of Hanouer 11. Georgius Albertus born June 3. 1606. dy'd Nov. 14 1643. leaving by Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Krosegg 1. Christianus Albertus Count Beringen Lord in Waldersee and Radegast dy'd 1677. 2. Sophia now living with her Mother in the Castle of Radegast 3. Eleanora married to John George of Solms dy'd 1677. 12. Cunigunda Juliana born 1608. married to Herman Landtgrave of Hesse-Cassel dy'd 1656. 13. Henricus Woldemarus born and dy'd 1609. 14. Susanna Margareta born 1610. Wife to John Philip of Hanouer dy'd 1663. 15. Johanna Dorothea born 1612. married to Mauritius of Bentheim 16. Eva Catharina born 1613. dy'd unmarried Dec. 15. 1679. Of these the before-mentioned John Casimier succeeded his Father and dy'd Sept. 15. 1660. His first Wife was Agnes the Daughter of Mauritius of Hesse married to him 1623. who dying May 28. 1650. His second was Sophia Margareta a First Cousin of the House of Bernburg who dy'd Dec. 28. 1673. He had by his first Wife besides Louisa born 1631. married 1648. and dying April 25. 1680. John George the Second born Nov. 7. 1627. who after the death of his Father took upon him the Government and now supplies the place of Deputy to the Elector of Brandenburg He married Henrica Catharina Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange by Amalia of Solms 1658. and had by her 1. Emilia Louisa born 1660. dy'd an Infant 2. Henrica Amalia born 1662. dy'd an Infant 3. Frederick Casimier born 1663. dy'd 1665. 4. Elizabetha Albertina
born 1665. made Abbess of Hervorden in Westphalia 1680. 5. Amalia born 1666. married to Henry Casimier Prince of Nassau Hereditary Governour of West-Friesland 1684. 6. Louisa Sophia born 1667. dy'd 1668. 7. Maria Eleanora born 1671. married to George Prince of Ratzevil in Lithuania now a Widow 8. Henrica Agnes born Jan. 9. 1674. married to Henry Duke of Saxony 1689. 9. Leopoldus Hereditary Prince born July 3. 1676. 10. Johanna Charlotta born Apr. 6. 1682. Of the Line of Bernburg § IV. CHristian second Son of Joachim Ernestus was the Beginner of this Line To his share in the Division of the Estate fell the Lordship of Bernburg the County of Ballenstedt the Presidency of Hatzgerod with the Covent of Gernrod a Prince either for Field or Counsel He died April 20. 1630. and left fourteen Children by Anne Countess of Bentheim of which four died young and Sybilla Elizabetha Agnesa Magdalena Amalia Sophia Louisa Amalia Dorothea Bathild died unmarried The rest were 1. Christianus II. of whom by and by 2. Eleanora Maria born Aug. 7. 1600. married to Albertus II. Prince of Meckleburg and Gustrow in Germany died 1657. 3. Ernestus II. born May 19. 1608. slain at the Battel of Lutzen 1632. 4. Frederick born Novemb. 16. 1613. The Branch of Hatzgerod sprang from him He died June 30. 1670. His first Wife was Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Nassau who died March 2. 1647. his second Maria Elizabetha of the House of Lippa By the first of which he had 1. William II. born Aug. 18. 1643. he succeeded his Father in Hatzgerod and married Julia Elizabetha Albertina Countess of Selms of the Line of Laubach with whom he lives as yet Childless 2. Anna Ursula born 1645. died 1647. 3. Elizabetha Charlotta born Feb. 11. 1647. married 1663. to William Lodovick a Cadet of the Line of Coten and after his death to Augustus II. Duke of Hâ—ls Plonen 5. Sophia Margareta born Sept. 16. 1615. married to John Casimier a Cadet of the House of Dessaw died Decemb. 28. 1673. Of these Christian II. succeeded his Father and made his Residence at Bernburg where he died 1565. He married Eleanora Sophia Daughter of John Duke of Holsat Sundurburg 1625. by whom he had a great many Children of whom yet the here named only came to maturity viz. 1. Victor Amadaeus born Octob. 6. 1634. He succeeded his Father and married Elizabetha Daughter of Frederick Palatine of Bipont who died April 17. 1677. having brought him Five Children 1. Carolus Frederick born July 13. 1668. 2. Lebrecht born June 28. 1669. 3. Sophta Juliana born Octob. 26. 1672. died Aug. 21. 1674. 4. Johannes Georgius born Feb. 14. 1674. 5. Christianus born and died 1675. 2. Eleanora Hedewig born Octob. 28. 1635. not yet married 3. Angelica born June 6. 1639. unmarried 4. Anna Sophia born Septemb. 13. 1640. married to George Frederick Count Solms 1664. 5. Carolus Ursinus born 1643. died at Parma in Italy Jan. 4. 1660. 6. Anna Elizabetha born March 19. 1647. married to Christian Ulrick Duke of Wittenberg of the Line of Silesia 1672. died Sept. 3. 1680. Of the Line of Plotzkow now Caethane § V. AUgustus third Son of Joachim Ernestus had his Seat in the Castle of Pletzkow a Prince worthy of all Praise dying spent with Years Aug. 22. 1653. and 78th of his Age. He married Sybilla Countess of Solms 1618. who died a Widow March 23. 1659. by whom he had Eight Children 1. Johanna born Nov 24. 1618. a Deaconess of Quidlenburg in Saxony 2 Ernestus Gottlieb born Sept. 4. 1620. died 1654. 3. Lebrecht born April 5. 1622. He reviv'd the extinct Line of Caethane died Issueless Sept 7. 1669. 4. Dorothea born 1623. died 1637. 5. Ehernpreisz born 1625. died 1626. 6. Sophia born 1627. died Nov. 24. 1679. 7. Elizabeth born March 31. 1630. 8. Emanuel born Oct. 26. 1631. He return'd from the Defence of Candia succeeded his Brother and married Anna Eleanora Countess of Stolburg March 23. 1670. but died the same Year leaving his Wife with Child of Emanuel Lebrecht born May 20. 1671. the only surviving Branch of the Line of Caethane Of the Line of Servestan § VI. THe first of this Line was Rodolphus V. fourth Son of Joachim Ernestus who in the Division with the City of Servestan had the Lordships of Lindaw Coswigt and Roslaw He died 1622. His Wives were 1. Dorothea Hedewig Daughter of Herry Julius Duke of Brunswick who died 1608. 2. Magdalena Daughter of John Count Oldenburg who died 1657. By both which he had 1. Dorothea born Sept. 25. 1607. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick Octob. 26. 1623. died Sept. 26. 1634. 2. Eleanora born 1608. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein of the Line of Nordburg 1632. died 1681. 3. Elizabeth born 1617. died 1639. 4. John V. born March 24. 1621. As also two other Daughters whose Names are unknown Of these John succeeded his Father He was brought up by his Uncle Anthony Gunther Earl of Oldenburg and died July 4. 1667. His Wife was Sophia Augusta Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick in Denmark whom he married 1649. She died a Widow 1681. and brought him Fourteen Children 1. John Frederick born 1650. died 1651. 2. George Rodolphus born 1651. died 1652. 3. Charles William born Octob. 26. 1652. He succeeded his Father and is the now Prince of this Line He married Sophia Daughter of Augustus formerly President of Magdeburg June 18. 1676. by whom he had 1. John Augustus born July 20. 1677. 2. Charles Frederick born July 8. 1678. 3. Magdalen Augusta born Oct. 20. 1679. 4. Anthony Gunther born Nov. 11. 1653. 5. John Adolphus born Dec. 2. 1654. 6. John Lodowick born May 4. 1656. 7. Joachim Ernestus born 1657. died 1658. 8. magdalena Sybilla born 1658. died 1659. 9. Frederica born and died 1660. 10. Hedewig Maria Eleanora born and died 1662. 11. Sophia Augusta born March 9. 1663. 12. Albertus born and died 1665. 13. Augustus born 1666. died 1667. 14. A Daughter without Name 1668. Of the Augmentations of This Family § VII WE have already noted how Albertus Ursus was in the Year 1152. made Marquess of Brandenburg In 1180. Bernhard obtained the Dutchy of Saxony with the Electoral Dignity In 1630. Julius Henricus of Saxon Lawenburg got the Principality of Slackwerd in Bohemia in right of his Wife And about the Year 1650. John of Servestan had the Soveraignty of Jervan by the Bequest of Anthony Gunther Count Oldenburg Of its Decreasings § VIII IN 1315. the County of Ascania with the City of Aschersleben came to the Bishop of Halberstadt In 1322. the Country and Electorate of Brandenburg fell from this Family In 1418. it lost the Upper Saxony with that Electorship In 1640. William Duke of Brunswick in Lunenburg surnamed The Victorious took from it the County of Wolpe which yet remains in the Family In the next French War the King of France outed the Line of Servestan of the Soveraignty of Jervan and gave it up
to the King of Denmark which yet by an amicable Composition was restor'd again in August 1689. Yet the Family of Anhalt makes Pretension to the Dutchy of Lower Saxony vulgarly call'd Sachsen or Saxon-Lawenburg by the death of Julius Franciscus in 1689. the last Duke of Lower Saxony and of that Lineage CHAP. XVI Of the Family of Nassau and Orange § I. OF this Family there are some things to be enlarg'd on in regard the now King of England William Henry is descended from it But not to perplex our selves too much in searching out its Original which certain it is flourish'd in the IX Century it sufficeth at present if we take notice That from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnamed The Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Saraepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine our selves singly to that This Otto in the Division of the Patrimony had to his share the Counties of Dillenburg and Bielstien and left one Son Henry Father of Otto II. who married Adelheid Daughter of Godfrey Earl of Viand by whom he had John Father of Engelbert and Adolphus who died without Issue But Engelbert married very advantageously with Joan of Poland Daughter and Heir of Philip Baron of Leck and Breda who brought him John II. born Aug. 1. 1410. who by his Wife Mary Countess of Lohen and Heinsburg had Engelbert II. who died without Issue and John III. who by Elizabeth of the House of Hesse had two Sons Henry and William the Elder of whom and of his Posterity we shall speak Sect. III. § II. Henry born Aune 12. 1483. His first Wife Frances the Daughter of James Earl of being dead he took Claudia Daughter of John Cabillonius Prince of Orange 1515. who also dying 1521. he married Mencia Mendora Daughter of Radericus Marquess of Genett afterwards Duke of Calabria He had Issue by Claudia only to wit Renatus whom his Uncle Philibert Prince of Orange having no Issue of his own adopted and left him Heir of the Principality 1530. Renatus also dying without Children 1544. he bequeathed all to his Cousin-German William who being content with what he had in the Low-Countries and Orange gave up all beyond the Rhine to his Brother John and was a Prince worthy of all Memory His first Son was Henry Philip William who died without Issue 1618. by which means the Principality came to his Brother maurice a well-experienc'd Prince either for Peace or War He died April 23. 1625. but unmarried whereby having no legitimate Issue he was succeeded by his Brother Henry Frederick third Son of William the Younger whom after the death of the said Maurice the States of the United Provinces of the Low Countries made Stadt-Holder which he manag'd with a surpassing Courage and Conduct He died 1647. and by Amalia Countess of Solms who died in 1675. left Four Daughters 1. Louisa married Decemb. 7. 1646. to Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg died June 6. 1667. 2. Henrica Aemilia born Oct. 26. 1628. married 1648. to William Frederick Prince of Nassau and Hereditary Governour of Friesland now a Widow 3. Henrica Catharina born 1637. married 1658. to John George II. Prince of Anhalt 4. Mary born 1641. married to Lewis Herman Maurice Francis Palatine of Simmeren died in March 1678. by whom he had two Sons William and Lewis who died an Infant The former a magnanimous Prince how unfortunately soever he died Nov. 6. 1650. He was married in the Fifteenth Year of his Age to Mary eldest Daughter of Charles I. King of Great Britain who died Decemb. 24. 1660. From which Marriage but born after the death of his Father came William Henry born Novemb. 4. 1650. He was restored to the Dignity of his Ancestors in the Stadt-Holdership of the United Provinces 1672. and as born to greater was elected and proclaimed King of England Feb. 13. 1688. and thereupon Crown'd April 10. following and not long after declar'd King of Scotland He married Mary eldest Daughter of James Duke of York second Son of Charles I. and after the death of his elder Brother Charles II King of England with whom he now lives § III. We now now to John III. Son of William the Elder and Brother of William Prince of Orange He dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had 25 Children of which 4 only are chiefly to be remembred in this place viz. John George Ernestus Casimier and John Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand III. in the Diet of Ratisbonne March 3. 1654. conferr'd the Honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire Of the Line of Siegen § IV. THe Beginner of this Line was John surnamed Medius Son of John III. who had 23 Children by two Wives but we shall first mention those of the Second Marriage 1. John Mauritius surnamed Americanus a Prince the most remarkable of our time He was Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Vicegerent of the Dutchy of Cleves and the Principality of Mindane c. Died Decemb. 20. 1679. in the 75th Year of his Age. 2. George Frederick he commanded the Prince of Orange's Regiment of Horse-Guards and died without Issue 1674. 3. Henry Governour of the City of Huy in Flanders and died first of his Brothers He had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John Ernestus Earl of Limburg who died 1653. and by her 1. Frederick who in the Leagure of Maestricht got the Bloody Flux of which he died at Ruremond in Septemb. 1676. 2. William Maurice He was Colonel of a Regiment of Switz and General for the States of the United Provinces in the Low Countries He married Ernesta Charlotta Daughter of Adolphus Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Jan. 6. 1678. by whom he had one Son born Feb. 20. 1680. whose Name yet has not occurr'd to us 3. Sophia Amalia married to Frederick Casimier Duke of Courland She died Dec. 25. 1688. By his first Marriage he had two Sons John the Younger and William born of Magdalen Countess of Waldeck William was married to Christian Countess of Erpach but left no Son by her and died 1642. John went off to the Church of Rome and by Ernestina of Arenburg and after his death which was in 1638. left One Son and Two Daughters 1. John Francis Desideratus who serv'd the King of Spain and was by him made Knight of the Golden Fleece and in 1680. Governour of Gelderland in Lower Germany He was twice married First to Johanna Claudia Countess of Conigseck who died 1664. next to Maria Eleanora Sophia Daughter of Herman Fortunatus Marquiss of Baden who died 1668. From both which these only that I find got up to years 1. Mary Leopoldina married to Maurice Henry a Kinsman by the Father's side of the Line of Hademar She died
June 27. 1675. 2. Ernestina Eleanora 3. Clara Chiliana 4. Albertina Gabrielis 2. Ernestina married to Maurice Henry of the Line of Hademar She died Aug. 15. 1668. 3. Clara Maria first married to Henry Ernestus Prince of Lignitz and after that to Claudius Lamorald his Brother now a Widow Of the Line of Dillenburg § V. GEorge as we have already said Sect. III. was the Founder of this Family His first Wife was Anna Amalia a Neice of the House of Sarsbruck who brought him many Children of whom though only Lewis Henricus propagated the Line His Wives were three 1. Catharine Countess of Sainsem 2. Elizabeth the Rhinegrave 3. Sophia Magdalena a Coulin-German of the Line of Hademar By the first and second he had a numerous Progeny and of the third we shall only now reckon George Lewis Adolphus and Augustus who though young perform'd Actions beyond his Years and died Jan. 7. 1681. George Lewis married Anna Augusta Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick and died May 19. 1656. of whom there are now living 1. Henry born Aug. 28. 1641. who married Dorothy Elizabeth Daughter of George Duke of Lignitz in Silesia and saw living from her 1. Sophia Augusta born April 18. 1666. 2. George Lewis born June 21. 1667. 3. Albertina born Aug. 8. 1668. 4. William born Aug. 28. 1670. 5. Adolphus born March 7. 1673. 6. Frederica Amalia born in Decemb. 1674. 2. Sophia Eleanora born May 2. 1640. unmarried 3. Charlotta born 1643. married 1665. to Augustus Earl of Lignitz and he dying in 1680. to Ferdinand Gobert Earl of Aspremont There remains Adolphus Uncle to Henry who was seated in Schaumburg where by Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter of Peter Earl of Holtzapfel he had Three Daughters 1. Ernestina Charlotta born 1662. married to William Maurice a Kinsman of the House of Siegen 2. Johanna Elizabetha born 1663. 3. Charlotta born 1672. Of the Line of Diezen § VI. THe first of this Line was Ernestus Casimier who succeeded his Brother William Lodowick in the Government of Friesland and Greeningen He was Major-General to the Consederate States of the Vnited Provinces and slain by a Shot at Ruremond in Guelderland June 5. 1632. His Wife was Sophia Hedewig of Brunswick who died 1642. by whom he had 1. Henry Casimier Governour of Friesland and Groeningen who was slain at the Sconce of Nassau in Flanders June 6. 1640. 2. William Frederick who succeeded his Brother in his Commands but unfortunately slain Oct. 13. 1664. for blowing into a Pistol to try if it were charg'd it went off and so wounded him that he died in three Days His Widow Henrica Aemilia of the House of Orange is yet living who brought him 1. Henry Casimier born Jan. 1657. He succeeded his Father in his Hereditary Dignities and married Henrica Amalia Daughter of John George II. Prince of Anhalt 2. Sophia Wilhelmina born 1664. and is yet unmarried Of the Line of Hademar § VII THis Line began in John Lodovick who went off to the Church of Rome and was by the Emperour Ferdinand II. made Chamberlain of the Empire Ferdinand III. made him of his Privy-Council and sent him Ambassadour to the Treaty of Westphalia He was the first of these Four Lines on whom the Honour of having a Vote and Sear among the Princes was conferr'd and died March 6. 1653. His Wife was Vrsula Countess of Lippen by whom he had Twelve Children seven of which were but short-liv'd The rest were 1. Johanna Elizabetha born 1619. married to Frederick Prince of Anhalt of the House of Hatzgerod died 1647. 2. Sophia Magdalena born Feb. 6. 1622. married to Lewis Henry a Cousin-German of the Line of Dillenburg died Feb. 6. 1659. 3. Maurice Henry born 1626. the Successor of his Father He married Ernestina Daughter of John the Younger a Kinsman of the Line of Siegen 1650. and after her death in 1668. Maria Leopoldina Daughter of John Francis Desideratus of the same Line who also dying he married Anna Lodovica Countess of Manderscheid and died Jan. 24 1679. leaving by the said Countess a large Progeny of whom yet these are only living 1. Francis Alexander born Jan 27. 1674. and bred under the Tuition of his Mother-in-Law and his Uncle 2. Albertina Johannetta born May 9. 1681. 4. Herman Otto born 1627. He was Bishop of Cologne c. and died July 26. 1660. 5. Francis Bernhard born Sept. 21 1637. Dean of the Chapter of Cologne as also of Strasburg CHAP. XVII Of the Family of Lorrain § I. WE have hitherto shewn besides the Regal the Principal Families of the Princes of Germany and come now to those of other Countries where in the first place the Family of Lorrain comes in our way which that it had the same Original with those of Austria Wirtenburg and Baden Antiquity gives us not the least reason to doubt For Gerhard descended of the ancient Landtgraves of Alsatia the old Family of Lorrain descended from Charlemaigne being extinct was created Duke of Lorrain by the Emperor Henry the Third An. 1048. His Wife was Hadwid of Namur by whom himself dying 1070. he left Two Sons Theodorick and Gerhard who was created Earl of Valdemont but his Posterity went out in Henry the Fourth Earl and his Niece Margaret who was married to Frederick of Lorrain of whom we shall soon speak again But Theodorick succeeded his Father in the Dutchy from whom in a right Line are descended the Dukes of Lorrain to Charles the First surnamed The Bold who dy'd 1430. and left no Son His Brother Frederick before mentioned married Margaret Countess and Heir of Joinville and Valdemont and brought back this County into his Family He was Slain at the Battle of Agincourt Oct. 25. 1415. His Son was Anthony Earl of Valdemont who had sharp Contests about the Succession to his Uncle with Renatus Andine King of Naples who had married Isabel the Daughter of Charles the Bold which came to Blows Andine was beaten and taken Prisoner 1431. and at last matters were so made up That Andine should give up his Right and his Daughter Jolantha in Marriage to Frederick the Son of Anthony by which means the said Frederick came at length to be the Successor of Charles the Bold He dy'd 1470. § II. The Son of Frederick was Renatus to whom no Duke of Lorrain was ever equal for Power and largeness of Territory He had hot Wars with Charles surnamed The Stout Duke of Burgundy Made his last Will 1506. by which he made his Sons Anthony and Claudius his Heirs as having design'd his other Sons to the Church and dy'd Dec. 8. 1508. By this disposition Claudius had the County of Aumale the Baronies of Guise and Joinville the Lordships of Elbeuf Maine c. but his Posterity fail'd in Francis Joseph the only Son of Lewis Joseph Duke of Guise Joyeuse and Augoulesine who dy'd 1675. There yet remain'd Mary the Sister of Lewis the Grandfather Dutchess of Guise and Joyeuse Princess of Joinville but she
dy'd 1687. Anthony the Elder Brother born June 4. 1489. had the Dutchy of Lorrain and Barry and dy'd June 15. 1544. leaving Issue by Renata of Bourbon Daughter of Gilbert Earl of Montpensier Francis Duke of Lorrain and Bar a Prince adorned with all the Beauties of Mind and Body but taken off by an Apoplexy in the Flower of his Youth His only Son was Charles the Second Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Feb. 18. 1543. married Claudia Daughter of Henry the Second King of France and died Dec. 10. 1608. His Issue were 1. Henry Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Nov. 8. 1563. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Catharine Daughter of Anthony King of Navarre An. 1599. But she dying in 1604. he Two Years after married Margaret Gonzaga Daughter of Vincent Duke of Mantua By the last Lady he left Issue Two Daughters Nicholaea born 1608. and Claudia The one married to Charles the Third and deceased Feb. 20. 1657. The other to Nicholas Francis and died 1656. 2. Christina born Aug. 6. 1565. married to Ferdinand the Great Duke of Tuscany 1589. deceased Jan. 19. 1637. 3. Charles Bishop of Metz and Strasburg born July 1. 1567. he was likewise promoted to the Dignity of a Cardinal on Dec. 12. 1588. 4. Antonia born Aug. 26. 1568. married to William Duke of Cleves and Mons 1599. deceased Aug. 18. 1610. 5 Anne born and deceased 1570. 6. Francis Count de Vaudemont born Feb. 27. 1571. of whom in the next Section 7. Catharine Lady Abbess of Remirmont born Nov. 3. 1572. deceased March 7. 1648. 8. Elizabeth born Nov. 3. 1573. married to Maximilian Duke of Bavaria 1595. deceased Jan. 4. 1635. And 9. Claudia born and deceased 1574. § III. We now return to Francis Count de Vaudemont who succeeded his Brother Henry in the Dutchies of Lorrain and Bar married Christina Daughter of Paul Count Solms and died 1632. leaving Issue Five Children whose Names were 1. Henry deceased an Infant 2. Charles the Third his Father's Successor born 1603. a Bold and Valiant Prince yet by reason of some Divisions and Discontents in his Family but chiefly seeing himself like to die without Issue sold all his Dominions to the French King But beginning to repent of what he had done and willing to evade his Contract was forced to stand to it by the French who beat him out of his Dutchy which he could never again recover His first Dutchess was Nicholaea Daughter to his Uncle Duke Henry whom he Divorc'd and married Beatrix de Cussance Daughter of Eugenius Prince of after whose decease he in 1665. took Mary Daughter of Charles Count d' Aspremont to his third Wife yet died without lawful Issue An. 1675. 3. Nicholas Francis Bishop of Toul promoted to a Cardinal's Hat in 1626. yet afterwards quitted his Orders and acted a secular Prince marrying the Lady Claudia Daughter to his Uncle Henry Duke of Lorrain which Match gave Birth to the most Illustrious Hero Charles Leopold Sixtus of whom in the next Section 4. Henrica born 1606. deceased 1660. having had Five Husbands namely 1. Lewis de Guise 2. Jerom Grimaldi 3. Christopher de Moura 4. Charles de Gascoigne And 5. The Baron de Cantelou 5. Margaret born 1616. married to Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans 1632. deceased Ap. 13. 1672. § IV. We are now come to speak of Charles Leopold the now rightful Duke of Lorain born 1643. A Prince highly esteem'd by His Imperial Majesty whose General he is A Prince without dispute the greatest Hero of the Age having by his late Renowned Actions against the Turks which can scarce be Parallelled in Story joyned with what he daily performs against the French already raised himself to such a pitch of Glory as will render his Name Immortal to all Posterity In 1678. he married Eleanora Maria Josepha of Austria Sister to the present Emperor and Dowager of Michael late King of Poland who hath born him Issue at Inspruck in the Principality of Tyrol as followeth viz. 1. Leopoldus Josephus Carolus Agapetus Hyacintus born Sept. 11. 1679. 2. Josephus Johannes Antonius Ignatius Felicissimus born Nov. 24. 1680. 3. Another Son deceased before it was Christened 4. Ferdinandus Josephus Philippus Romanus Laurentius born Aug. 17. 1683. 5. Josephus Innocentius Emanuel Felicianus Constantinus born Oct. 20. 1685. 6. Franciscus Antonius Josephus Maria Ambrosius Nicholaus born Dec. 8. 1689. N. S. CHAP. XVIII Of the Family of the Duke of Tuscany § I. WE remark'd above in the Life of the Emperor Rudolph the First That he alienated from the Empire and gave their Freedom to several Cities in Italy amongst which the City of Florence paid for her Liberty 6000 Shillings But upon the breaking out of great Heats and Tumults between the Commons and the Nobles in the Year 1311. it submitted it self to the Protection of Robert King of Naples according to Machiavil Sicily but it did not long continue in that State but was afterwards under the Government of the Duke of Calabria and after him of the Dukes of Athens who having renounced the Government and the Nobles being over-powered by the Commonalty it became Monarchial For An. 1434. Cosmo de Medices a Citizen and whose Ancestors were Merchants was elected Prince by the Populace Piero or Peter de Medices Prince Cosmo's Grandson having without the Senates knowledge entred into a League with the French King Chap. VIII was ejected by the Flerentines who enjoy'd their ancient Liberty till An. 1512. Ferdinand the Catholick King restor'd the Medicean Family which nevertheless in the Year 1529. was again expell'd by the Flerentines And altho' the Emperor Chap. V. seized on the City and made Alexander de Medices who had married his natural Daughter Margaret their Governour yet he being Slain the Populace made choice of his Kinsman Cosmo de Medices § II. This Cosmo commonly called the First was declared King of Tuscany by Pope Paul the Fifth in 1569. But upon the Emperor Maximilian the Second's much opposing it he threw aside the Title of King and took that of Great Duke of Tuscany His Son Francis in 1575. married Joan the Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the First by whom he had Ferdinand the First Father of Cosmo the Second who died 1670. and left a Son Cosmo the Third born 1642. the present Grand Duke who by Margaret Lovise Daughter of Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans has a Son viz. Gaston who in 1688. married Violanta Beatrix Daughter of Ferdinand Maria and Sister to the present Elector of Bavaria § III. As for what concerns this Prince's Dominions In Tuscany and Pisa he is Soveraign But Feudatory to His Catholick Majesty for Siena and Massa and great part of the Isse of Elbe to whom upon that account he yearly pays 10000 Florins Lastly he holds the City Saturnia as a Fief of the Empire His Power may be guess'd by his Yearly Revenues which are estimated at 1800000 Shillings CHAP. XIX Of the House of Savoy