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A14399 Concerning the excommunication of the Venetians a discourse against Cæsar Baronius Cardinall of the Church of Rome In which the true nature and vse of excommunication is briefly and cleerly demonstrated, both by testimonies of Holy Scripture, and from the old records of Christs Church. Written in Latine by Nicolas Vignier, and translated into English after the copie printed at Samur 1606. Whereunto is added the Bull of Pope Paulus the Fift, against the Duke, Senate and Commonwealth of Venice: with the protestation of the sayd Duke and Senate. As also an apologie of Frier Paul of the order of Serui in Venice.; De Venetorum excommunicatione, adversus Caesarem Baronium. English Vignier, Nicolas.; Sarpi, Paolo, 1552-1623. Apologia per le oppositioni fatte dall'illustrissimo & reverendissimo signor cardinale Bellarminio alli trattati, et risolutioni di Gio. Gersone. English.; Baronio, Cesare, 1538-1607. Duo vota. English.; Catholic Church. Pope (1605-1621 : Paul V); Venice (Republic : to 1797). Doge (1606-1612 : Donato) 1607 (1607) STC 24719; ESTC S120778 41,133 78

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it is a question meerely politicall with which the Popes should not intermeddle if they do lust to giue eare vnto Christ his Commandement Math. 20.26 or were disposed to follow his example who though inuited would not haue any thing to do with ciuill cases and legall controuersies Luc. 12. A fourth Nullitie is in that Papall Excommunication doth not only forbid the parties censured all Ecclesiasticall Communion but ouer and aboue all Politicke and Ciuill See the Bulls of Paul the iii ag Henry the viii of England of Sixtus 5. against King of Nauar and Prince of Conde and of Pius 5. against Queene Elizabeth as namely that in Mariage expresly against the Apostles decrees 1. Cor. 7.8 and lawfull subiection vnto Magistrates For it is their manner in their Bulls Excommunicatorie to absolue the subiects from their Othe of Obedience and any other bond or dutie in which they bee tied to expose the possessions and goods of Princes as a pray and a spoile to any that will seeke them so as it shall be lawfull without denouncing warre proclaiming hostilitie by secret practises or open force for any man to pursue to apprehend or murther them to depriue their issue of al right to succeed and make them infamous and vncapable to Incite the Nobilitie and Comminaltie to armes Interdict the suspended from any commerce or negotiation with other nations to determine the leagues and articulations of Princes and States made with them to be void and of no validitie and lastly to forbid them Christian buriall Which what is it else but in detestable sort to violate the law of Nature and Nations to set vp iniustice euerie where to teach children to hate their parents subiects to be periured perfidious rebellious disoobedient and practise such Papall virtues as these And therefore it was not without cause that Laurentius Valla a Putritian of Rome said That Rome was a schoole wherein men learned to lie to deceiue sweare forsweare Christ taught no such lesson Matth. 22.21 when hee bad Giue vnto Caesar the things that bee Caesars and vnto God that which belongs vnto him It is not the doctrine of Saint Paul Rom. 13.1 who willeth euerie soule to be subiect vnto higher Powers Whether Apostle or Euangelist or Prophet or whosoeuer hee bee saith Chrysostome for this subiection doth not in any case crosse our pietie Peter gaue no such command when hee willeth seruants to bee subiect in all feare vnto their Lords not vnto the good and gentle alone 1. Pet. 2 but euen the froward and peruerse Happily it will be said but not Excommunicated Surely yes if the person which stands Excommunicate be not any otherwise to bee accounted of then as an Ethnicke and a Publicane with whom in ciuill negotiations the Iewes did not refraine to communicate For liuing in and vnder an * Ethnicke state The Romans by deputies they yeelded obedience vnto thei positiue lawes and to the Publicans Farmers of the common reuenues they paied Customes and tribute mony trading also with them in other things Which right whensoeuer the Popes of Rome went about to infringe by thundring curses and Excommunications God from Heauen hath disclosed the fearfulnesse of his vengeance against the forsworne Traitors as is plaine in that miserable end of Ralfe Duke of Sweland Antoninus vita Henr. 4. Abbas V●sperg Hen. 4. alij whom Gregorie the Seauenth did set vp in place of the Emperour Henrie the Fourth Which Ralph being at the will of the Pope crowned by the Arch-Bishop of Mentz wretched man that he was for in lieu of a vaine crowne which stood not long vpon his head hee vnderwent an infortunate crosse beeing vanquished in fight by his Prince who when hee yeelded vp the ghost shewed his right hand cut off in fight as a memoriall of his treachery vnto the Bishops his Instigators vsing withall these wordes See you heere that hand with which I bound my selfe by solemne oth neuer to iniurie neuer to contriue against my Lord Henrie which oth to breake your perswasion and the Apostolicall commandement hath induced mee Behold and consider in how right a course yee haue led him that was content to be ruled by you The fift Nullitie of papall Excommunication remaineth behind to bee drawen from the end of that Censure which is the sauing of his Soule in setting foorth the glorie of God procuring the good of the Church These ends how little root they haue euer taken time out of minde in the Popes of Rome all good men haue well noted and many not the worst haue deplored Roderico bishop of Zamora Roder. Zamor lib. 2 spei vitae hum ca 3. Castellane that is keeper of the Castle Saint Angelo * Castellane Referendary to Pope Paul the 2. in his booke intituled The glasse of mans life where he speaketh of the anxieties cares which do accompany al Popes hath these words Their first let and hinderance are domesticall cares then their vniust desire or to speak plaine greedie greedinesse to aduance their kindred and which flesh and blood doth reueale vnto them to perpetuate their linage kindred and name The house of Parma at this day from Paul the third a Farnescan For so haue some Popes been resolued to make themselues the rootes and raisers not of one but many noble and famous houses the first progenitors of mightie Princes Such aspiring desires want not the Presidents of ancient Popes much lesse shall they want fautors and furtherers Learned and vnlearned will perswade them to it some will cite fables some alleadge Scriptures and detorted authorities to tickle the Popes itching eares Heare him what he saith good Baronius and learne of him what counsell to giue your Pope Paul Loe will they say What man euer hated his owne flesh For Christ himself whose actions euery Pope his Vicar should follow when he loued his owne loued them vnto the end He exalted those that were allied vnto him But whether did he exalt them vnto the crosse Caesar Borgia Guicciard lib. 4. Hist Ital. And this mind doubt had Pope Alexander the sixt when he raised his sonne Caesar from a Cardinals hat to the royall dignity of Duke of Valentia by prophane chaffare of holy things For saith Nicolaus de Clamengijs speaking of Popes when exceeding great abundance of worldly plenty and insatiable auarice associated with ambition had seated themselues in Clergymen treading downe the vertuous branches of ancient better daies as it could not but fall out so it came to passe Pride made themswel desire of great place puffed them vp they wasted their daies and bodies in wantonnesse Three Lords they had cruell exactors to content Luxury first which exacted vpon them the pleasures of wine of sleepe of feastings of musicke of Iugles of pandars of whores Secondly Pride which would haue the pompous pageantly shewes of high storied houses Castels Towers Pallaces royall and gorgeous furniture gay apparrell horses retinue Thirdly
doe with his owne mother sister gossip or kinswoman gross 5. Absolution for him that hath killed his father mother sister brother or other of his kin if he be a lay man for were any of them a Clergy man the murtherer must be tied to visit in person the Apostolick sea gross 6. or 7. at most Absolution for a woman which hath taken downe any potion whereby to destroy the Infant conceiued within her gross 5. Not to runne vpon particulars no sinne so enormous but with mony may be wiped out without mony no remission For as the old rhythme hath it The Court of Rome but for the fleece Seekes not the sheepe at all Opening the doore to all that giue But th● emptie stand and call Or if you had rather heare the Taxing of the Apostolique Chancery thus saith that booke Note you diligently that such graces and indulgences be neuer granted vnto poore men who because they are not cannot be comforted These are not those times you shall know wherein it was easier for a Camell to passe thorow the eie of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdome of Heauen But these are golden daies indeed in which Heauen is purchased by gold and shut against the poore man because he hath no gold to buy it To the purpose Papall Excommunication is commonly grounded vpon these or such like causes Priuate Hatred The Popes Credulitie or else Ambition Paschall the Second Pope of that name when Henrie the Fift Emperour Elect came as the manner was to Rome to receiue the Imperiall Crowne of the Popes hand raised such hurlies against his Prince as put him to stand vpon the guard of his life and brought him to the hazard of his State When matters were taken vp and pacified and the Emperour and Pope agreed together the Pope gaue his word not to assay to doe ought which any way might preiudice the Imperiall Maiestie secondly to returne backe againe the right which they had in bestowing of Bishopricks For farther confirmation of which protestation when hee receiued the Sacrament with the Emperor hee is said to haue vsed this execration Let him so be diuided from the Kingdome of Christ that shall go about to break this agreement as this part of that life-giuing body is diuided And yet for all this scarse had the Emperor gone out at the City gates when as the faithlesse and treacherous Pope reuersed whatsoeuer hee did before cast Excommunication out against the Emperour and set new worke in hand against him A●bas Vrsperg in P●●lippo Innocent the 111. dealt as sluttishly with the Emperor Philip denouncing him Excommunicate for no cause else but for pretence of his Predecessors cruelty And when the newes was brought him of the mans election to the Empire hee brake out into these franticke and bedlome speeches Either shall the Pope take Crowne and Kingdome from Philip or Philip from the Pope his Apostolicall honor It is impossible to summe vp into a breuiarie the froward and tyrannicall Popish designs and practise against Emperours and Kings Princes and Magistrates only two examples shall be all I will touch which both euince his great abuse of Excommunication and touch the Venetians more neere than any else discouering the long since practised tyranny of the Popes against them At Auinion where it was for 70. yeeres and more Pope Clement the fift who kept his Court * in France vnderstanding the Venetians had taken in Ferrara presently vpon the newes became stark mad and without delay thundred out his Excommunication against them giuing leaue vnto any man by faire meanes or soule to kill as many as hee could Pabel Lib. 7. Decad. 9. beeing now iudged enemies of the Romane church and cast forth from the communion of the faithfull Supplementum Chronichorum giuing libertie vnto all Christians whosoeuer to arrest the Venetians wheresoeuer they met them to confiscate their goods sell their bodies as slaues in the markets which turned so farre vnto their losse and detriment that the State could not trade nor negotiate with any strangers at all till at length Francis Dandalo being sent vnto France from the Senate vnto the Pope and with much adoe admitted vnto his presence putting an iron chaine vpon his necke lay vnder his table as a suppliant so long till he got this vngentle Clement to yeeld to let fall his moodinesse and restore the Venetians to their former state For which hee was after that called the Dogge because as a dogge he lay chained vnder the Popes dining table The second example is of Pope Sixtus the Fourth who proclaimed warres against the King of Naples for helping Hercules of Este Duke of Ferrara against the Venetians whom the Pope did abet in that quarrell with his spiritual and temporall forces Platina in vita Sixti 4. But after their agreement with King Ferdinand the same man with the power of Appulia set vpon the same Venetians whom he before had fauoured and not content stirred vp against them the Princes of Italie as many as hee could Supplementum Chronicorum sentenced them with his Spirituall curse depriued them of all their whatsoeuer Dominions to the vtmost extent of his power Neither in his life time could they obtaine to be released hauing not any cause or pretext for his doings more than that hee feared their growing too great would put himselfe and other Italian Princes to haue cause to looke neere vnto themselues This was in his time a most holy Father Petro à Ruuiere Ioan Textor Wessel Gron de Indulgent whose base borne sonne a worthie Impe of such a Sire Peter Cardinall Priest of Rome Patriarch of Constantinople Legat a Latere for the Pope prodigally stantinople Legat a Latere for the Pope prodigally lauished in two yeeres space 300000. duckats in luxurie and vaine expenses who also together with the Cardinall Saint Lucy interceded with his Father for themselues and their families to haue male stewes permitted them the three hottest moneths of the yeere and had a grant from that most holy Father Sixtus with this clause Be it vnto you as you desire But it will be replied It is a new world now and other manners are now in vse And this new world begun and hallowed with their Iubilies not at Rome alone but euerie Hamlet and Village vnder Romane obeisance hath brought vs new causes of Excommunication But pardon mee The grounds vpon which the Venetians bee excommunicate are not any whit better than those wee haue rehearsed For neither is I trow the State of the Romish religion in hazard there whereto the Venetians are most zealously inclined nor yet that obedience due as they call it to the Apostolique Sea from which they professe and protest vnto the world they detract not any thing which is theirs by diuine right Neither is it any question of manners after which though neuer so corruptly depraued the Pope makes no inquisition at al. But