1500_o mark_n of_o gold_n of_o eight_o ounce_n 1500_o mark_n of_o pearl_n 1_o chest_n emerald_n from_o mexico_n for_o the_o king_n 1900_o thousand_o pesos_n of_o silver_n 1100_o mark_n of_o gold_n for_o particular_a person_n 2_o million_o in_o silver_n 64_o thousand_o hide_n 25_o thousand_o will_v indigo_n from_o santo_n domingo_n island_n 35_o thousand_o hide_n 900_o chest_n sugar_n of_o 1000_o will_v weight_n 22_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o ginger_n 13_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o logwood_n 50_o kintal_n of_o salsaparilla_n 48_o kintal_n of_o caniafistula_n 64_o rove_n of_o cottonwooll_n all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v value_v at_o thirteen_o million_o and_o all_o the_o commodity_n at_o three_o million_o whereof_o the_o king_n have_v twelve_o million_o and_o one_o half_a de_fw-fr claro_fw-la wherewith_o we_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n of_o the_o mine_n royal_a and_o be_v move_v to_o write_v also_o of_o other_o mine_n and_o mineral_n contrary_a to_o our_o first_o intention_n but_o brief_o as_o follow_v *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n iii_o of_o mine_n and_o mineral_n the_o next_o in_o order_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o be_v tin_n mine_n which_o be_v but_o few_o in_o number_n in_o all_o country_n mine_n tin_n mine_n and_o in_o germany_n only_o find_v somewhat_o plentiful_a but_o the_o tin_n be_v blackish_a and_o corrupt_a so_o that_o our_o english_a tin_n in_o devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n be_v the_o only_a tin_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o contain_v four_o ounce_n of_o gold_n in_o a_o thousand_o whereof_o there_o be_v some_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o make_v yearly_a it_o have_v be_v sell_v for_o many_o year_n at_o a_o under_o value_n but_o his_o majesty_n have_v by_o way_n of_o praeemption_n advance_v the_o price_n thereof_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o consequent_o unto_o the_o noble_a prince_n of_o wales_n charles_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james._n this_o praeemption_n be_v let_v to_o farm_n to_o certain_a merchant_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o stanery_n with_o all_o the_o good_a order_n observe_v therein_o and_o the_o coinage_n of_o tin_n to_o demonstrate_v the_o goodness_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n as_o be_v already_o note_v mines_n lead_v mines_n lead_v mine_n be_v find_v in_o all_o cold_a country_n especial_o in_o germany_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brownâ—wike_n but_o it_o be_v black_a of_o colour_n and_o until_o it_o be_v refine_v it_o be_v unseruiceable_a and_o consequent_o not_o vendible_a the_o old_a duke_n have_v almost_o make_v a_o wall_n aboâ—t_v the_o city_n of_o the_o sow_n and_o pig_n of_o lead_n until_o our_o lead_n become_v dear_a and_o scant_o and_o that_o a_o antuerpian_a do_v teach_v they_o how_o to_o refine_v their_o lead_n in_o take_v away_o the_o cobble_v which_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o knot_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n which_o make_v the_o lead_v brittle_a and_o by_o his_o mean_n all_o the_o 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the_o other_o south-west_n call_v moldersey_n adjoin_v unto_o another_o hill_n call_v pouncy_n lie_v west_n from_o moldersey_n all_o belong_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o by_o lease_n unto_o sir_n john_n maillorie_n knight_n there_o be_v also_o adjoin_v unto_o it_o certain_a other_o hill_n where_o lead_v mine_n be_v as_o swailedale_n where_o my_o lord_n wharton_n have_v his_o work_n also_o readhurst_n cocka_fw-mi and_o fellind_a be_v east_n from_o wyndecke_n the_o mine_n of_o arkendale_n have_v never_o be_v wrought_v to_o any_o purpose_n there_o be_v but_o three_o smelting_a cottage_n which_o do_v feed_v upon_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o which_o at_o their_o leisure_n seek_v for_o lead_v over_o upon_o sufferance_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o melt_a place_n where_o they_o fall_v the_o same_o for_o 20_o or_o 24_o ss_z the_o load_n give_v to_o the_o owner_n three_o or_o four_o part_n in_o ten_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o one_o ten_o to_o the_o 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stockton_n on_o the_o seaside_n about_o twenty_o and_o five_o mile_n which_o will_v lessen_v the_o say_a charge_n now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o iron_n mine_n mine_n iron_n mine_n whereof_o almost_o all_o country_n in_o europe_n be_v provide_v which_o do_v much_o differ_v in_o goodness_n yet_o may_v be_v use_v according_a to_o the_o several_a work_n whereunto_o it_o be_v employ_v as_o the_o spanish_a iron_n serve_v for_o blade_n &_o not_o so_o good_a for_o other_o thing_n england_n have_v great_a store_n of_o iron_n mine_n for_o by_o computation_n there_o be_v above_o eight_o hundred_o furnace_n the_o melt_a of_o it_o by_o flame_a sea_n coal_n or_o scots_a coal_n save_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o charge_n there_o be_v late_o find_v more_o iron_n mine_n in_o france_n which_o iron_n be_v make_v into_o bar_n be_v transport_v into_o guinea_n binea_n and_o other_o part_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o it_o have_v continual_o be_v in_o great_a estimation_n and_o now_o become_v so_o abundant_a that_o their_o profit_n be_v but_o small_a of_o those_o voyage_n and_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o at_o this_o present_a for_o the_o price_n of_o lead_n the_o iron_n stone_n in_o wales_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v from_o the_o steel_n stone_n by_o mean_n whereof_o a_o german_a make_v good_a steel_n in_o bar_n stone_n steel_n stone_n and_o also_o gad_n steel_n but_o the_o patent_n of_o sir_n baesell_n brooke_n for_o the_o make_n of_o steel_n do_v hinder_v the_o proceed_n therein_o and_o germane_a steel_n be_v best_a until_o of_o late_a that_o a_o frenchman_n show_v the_o imperfection_n of_o ordinary_a steel_n cause_v his_o majesty_n to_o make_v void_a the_o say_a patent_n and_o to_o grant_v another_o for_o the_o make_n of_o perfect_a steel_n surpass_v in_o goodness_n the_o steel_n of_o all_o country_n so_o we_o find_v
quintall_n verona_n 90_o will_v and_o for_o gold_n thread_n 143_o will_v bressa_fw-la 184_o will_v and_o for_o venice_n gold_n 136_o will_v naples_n 120_o will_v and_o for_o venice_n gold_n 134_o will_v romagna_n 120_o will_v and_o for_o venice_n gold_n 134_o will_v carpi_n mirandola_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v parma_n plaisance_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v luca_n mantua_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v forli_n carmia_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v aquila_n crema_fw-la the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v como_n piedmont_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerp_n make_v 147_o will_v savoy_n 137_o will_v and_o small_a weight_n 195_o will_v raviano_fw-it faenza_n modena_n rimano_n ravenna_n and_o raguza_n all_o 132_o will_v genes_n by_o rove_n to_o a_o quintall_n of_o 4_o rove_n and_o 4_o will_v over_o and_o above_o allow_v pepper_n 110_o will_v and_o ginger_n 114_o will_v the_o quintall_n napoli_n de_fw-fr ream_n 147_o will_v 53_o rotulus_n the_o 100_o to_o one_o quintal_n or_o cantar_n puglia_n calabria_n 147_o will_v 53_o rotulus_n the_o 100_o to_o one_o quintal_n or_o cantar_n macharon_n 147_o will_v 53_o rotulus_n the_o 100_o to_o one_o quintal_n or_o cantar_n sicilia_n all_o the_o island_n over_o 152_o will_v of_o 12_o ounce_n 61_o rotul_n of_o 30_o ounce_n be_v a_o cantar_n of_o 24_o sestertio_n 54_o rotul_n for_o flesh_n by_o talent_n of_o 12_o sestertio_n be_v 30_o rotulos_fw-la candia_n 138_o will_v for_o gold_n thread_n 89_o rotules_fw-la the_o 100_o be_v a_o cantar_n or_o quintall_n nigrepont_n 119_o will_v 87_o rotules_fw-la the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n griro_fw-la 119_o will_v 87_o rotules_fw-la the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n laarta_fw-la 119_o will_v 87_o rotules_fw-la the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n cataio_n 119_o will_v 87_o rotules_fw-la the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n lacaonia_n 138_o will_v and_o 78_o ½_n rotules_fw-la constantinople_n 87_o ½_n rotules_a the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n 39_o ochaa_n dragma_fw-la they_o call_v metallici_fw-la of_o 2_o ½_n make_v 3_o dragmes_fw-la of_o we_o the_o say_a 100_o will_v make_v at_o armenia_n 130_o will_v at_o bursa_n in_o anatolia_n 88_o rotules_a bucca_fw-la 44_o ochas_n damascus_n 26_o rotules_a whereof_o the_o 100_o make_v a_o cantar_n every_o cantar_n 5_o zurli_fw-la or_o stone_n of_o 20_o rotules_fw-la a_o rivola_n be_v at_o antuerp_n 225_o will_v tripoli_n 22_o rotules_a bieritti_n 21_o rotules_a suria_n 156_o minas_n every_o one_o of_o 100_o dragmes_fw-la syria_n in_o hebrew_n 80_o minas_n or_o maneg_n and_o 100_o be_v a_o talon_n of_o pound_n 18_o ounce_n alexandria_n 108_o rotules_a the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n 78_o minas_n of_o 20_o ounce_n kalla_n make_v at_o antuerp_n 560_o will_v molucco_n 88_o rotules_a the_o 112_o make_v a_o cantar_n arabia_n 78_o rotules_a of_o 12_o sachosi_fw-la or_o ounce_n 148_o will_v 104_o maire_n or_o minas_n almerica_fw-la malica_n 90_o will_v of_o 12_o ounce_n or_o 36_o minas_n sestertios_n of_o 30_o ounce_n or_o be_v 60_o siclos_fw-la cyprus_n 20_o ½_n rotules_a the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n and_o the_o 100_o of_o famiagosta_n be_v in_o all_o the_o island_n 104._o rhodes_n 19_o ½_n rotules_a the_o 100_o make_v a_o cantar_n scio_fw-la fio_n 96_o ¾_n rotules_a or_o scrutari_fw-la corfu_n 97_o will_v great_o weight_n and_o 115_o will_v small_o weight_n levante_fw-la 26_o rotules_fw-la and_o 156_o will_v egypt_n alcario_n 78_o minas_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 164_o will_v 27_o rotules_fw-la of_o 6_o will_v every_o one_o sciba_n be_v at_o antuerp_n 320_o will_v be_v skippound_v zeroi_fw-mi be_v 50_o rotules_fw-la forfori_n be_v 65_o rotules_fw-la be_v for_o pearl_n zaidin_n be_v 77_o rotules_fw-la musk_n and_o amber_n be_v weigh_v by_o metallici_fw-la or_o dragmes_fw-la and_o with_o peso_n whereof_o 1_o ½_n be_v metallicum_fw-la the_o 50_o be_v one_o mark_v and_o our_o mark_n be_v 42_o metallici_fw-la suria_n tripoli_n 26_o ½_n rotules_fw-la achri_fw-la 17_o ¼_n rotules_a the_o 100_o a_o cantan_n tambaran_n aleppo_n and_o aman_n 22_o rotules_a the_o 100_o a_o cantar_n every_o rotule_n be_v 60_o ounce_n 8_o metecalo_n or_o dragmes_fw-la be_v the_o rotulo_n 480_o metecalos_n or_o metalicos_fw-la be_v every_o one_o 1_o ½_n peso_n and_o the_o 10_o pesos_n be_v a_o ouga_n or_o ongia_n wherewith_o civet_n be_v weigh_v archipelago_n 120_o will_v nichosia_n 120_o will_v barbary_n arcadia_n 92_o will_v 83_o will_v for_o mavigette_v tripoli_n 63_o rotules_a thune_n 63_o rotules_fw-la oran_n 94_o rotules_a the_o cantar_n be_v 5_o rove_n of_o 20_o rotules_fw-la 138_o will_v for_o spice_n and_o the_o cantar_n be_v 4_o rove_n 50_o rotules_fw-la for_o corn_n every_o cantar_n 6_o rotules_fw-la 61_o rotules_fw-la for_o cotton_n wool_n 15_o to_o a_o cantar_n una_fw-la 65_o rotules_fw-la for_o cotton_n wool_n 75_o rotules_fw-la for_o spice_n 94_o rotules_fw-la for_o corn_n sus_n in_o africa_n by_o the_o quintall_n of_o 100_o will_v of_o seville_a fea_z the_o quintall_n be_v 66_o will_v of_o antuerpe_n of_o 18_o ounce_n germany_n the_o say_a 100_o will_v of_o antuerpe_n make_v as_o follow_v at_o norenborgh_n 92_o will_v of_o 16_o ounce_n or_o 32_o loott_n some_o by_o the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v and_o some_o of_o 120_o will_v constance_n 92_o will_v of_o 16_o ounce_n or_o 32_o loott_n some_o by_o the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v and_o some_o of_o 120_o will_v spiers_n 92_o will_v of_o 16_o ounce_n or_o 32_o loott_n some_o by_o the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v and_o some_o of_o 120_o will_v bibrach_n 92_o will_v of_o 16_o ounce_n or_o 32_o loott_n some_o by_o the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v and_o some_o of_o 120_o will_v collen_n 93_o ⅓_n will_v ausborgh_n all_o 95_o will_v munchen_n all_o 95_o will_v wisell_n all_o 95_o will_v norlingen_n all_o 95_o will_v salsborgh_n 111_o will_v by_o the_o small_a weight_n and_o 83_o will_v by_o the_o great_a meysen_n and_o all_o saxony_n 100_o will_v zigostatica_fw-la be_v the_o prince_n weight_n mark_n pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 96_o will_v merchant_n weight_n 148_o will_v of_o 12_o ounce_n frankford_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v hecdelborgh_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v lipsich_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v friburch_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v vlme_n isuff_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v offen_n of_o offner_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v basle_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v costut_v 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v dompstetter_n 96_o will_v they_o do_v use_v the_o centener_n of_o 100_o will_v 120_o will_v and_o 132_o will_v botsen_n 138_o will_v ordinary_a weight_n adler_n 91_o will_v to_o weigh_v steel_n tin_n and_o copper_n bresloo_n 120_o will_v by_o centeners_n of_o 132_o will_v and_o stone_n of_o 24_o will_v whereof_o 5_o stone_n make_v a_o centener_n silesia_n 120_o will_v by_o centeners_n of_o 132_o will_v and_o stone_n of_o 24_o will_v whereof_o 5_o stone_n make_v a_o centener_n poosen_n 120_o will_v by_o centeners_n of_o 132_o will_v and_o stone_n of_o 24_o will_v whereof_o 5_o stone_n make_v a_o centener_n prage_n canali_fw-la 87_o will_v passau_n gern_fw-ge 87_o will_v regensborgh_n 87_o will_v vienna_n 85_o will_v a_o sum_n of_o quicksilver_n be_v 275_o will_v of_o 32_o loott_n the_o will_v ersurd_a 85_o will_v a_o sum_n of_o quicksilver_n be_v 275_o will_v of_o 128_o quint_v the_o will_v idria_n 85_o will_v a_o sum_n of_o quicksilver_n be_v 275_o will_v of_o 512_o 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a_o three_o be_v all_o equal_a the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o premise_n be_v so_o natural_o and_o visible_o engraft_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n as_o no_o doubt_n can_v be_v admit_v nevertheless_o there_o be_v man_n so_o intoxicate_v in_o their_o judgement_n that_o be_v once_o possess_v of_o a_o imaginary_a conceit_n they_o will_v never_o be_v remove_v as_o he_o be_v who_o ask_v of_o his_o friend_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n and_o trash_n to_o be_v rid_v of_o it_o and_o be_v answer_v that_o he_o shall_v dig_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o bury_v they_o and_o when_o the_o other_o demand_v of_o he_o what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o the_o earth_n he_o shall_v dig_v out_o he_o tell_v he_o he_o shall_v make_v the_o hole_n so_o much_o big_a to_o put_v they_o in_o both_o and_o he_o can_v never_o be_v recall_v from_o this_o conceit_n even_o in_o natural_a and_o substantial_a thing_n to_o be_v feel_v see_v and_o handle_v insomuch_o that_o experience_n show_v 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be_v the_o best_a warier_n his_o majesty_n be_v please_v that_o every_o member_n of_o his_o commonwealth_n as_o aforesaid_a shall_v in_o one_o only_a word_n express_v the_o property_n of_o his_o profession_n or_o call_n whereupon_o the_o clergyman_n do_v say_v we_o instruct_v the_o nobleman_n we_o fight_v the_o magistrate_n we_o defend_v the_o merchant_n we_o enrich_v the_o artificer_n we_o furnish_v and_o the_o husbandman_n we_o feed_v the_o king_n answer_v use_v these_o or_o the_o like_a speech_n we_o do_v very_o well_o approve_v your_o declaration_n in_o this_o brief_a manner_n recommend_v every_o one_o of_o you_o to_o discharge_v your_o duty_n according_o subject_n comparison_n and_o property_n of_o the_o body_n to_o the_o head_n so_o between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n with_o a_o remembrance_n that_o we_o as_o your_o head_n must_v make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n complete_a for_o the_o office_n of_o a_o king_n towards_o his_o subject_n do_v very_o well_o 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government_n of_o the_o less_o number_n of_o people_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n in_o soveraingtie_n and_o democracie_n be_v contrary_a unto_o it_o be_v the_o great_a number_n of_o people_n govern_v government_n monarchy_n the_o best_a government_n whereas_o a_o monarchy_n be_v a_o commonwealth_n where_o one_o sole_a prince_n have_v the_o absolute_a government_n here_o the_o peace_n unity_n concord_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o subject_n consist_v by_o mean_n of_o one_o head_n by_o who_o power_n commonweal_n be_v fortify_v virtue_n thereby_o be_v unite_v and_o more_o corroborate_v than_o if_o it_o be_v disperse_v into_o many_o part_n which_o give_v occasion_n of_o strife_n turmoil_n and_o controversy_n by_o the_o divide_a power_n and_o emulation_n of_o greatness_n when_o as_o one_o person_n imitate_v nature_n do_v govern_v as_o the_o head_n all_o the_o part_n and_o member_n of_o the_o body_n for_o the_o general_a safeguard_n
in_o gold_n in_o time_n past_a turqueses_n find_v in_o malabar_n turqueses_n turqueses_n be_v of_o turquer_n colour_n by_o the_o day_n time_n and_o by_o night_n by_o the_o light_a green_a they_o grow_v upon_o a_o black_a stone_n whereof_o those_o retain_v some_o little_a black_a vein_n be_v the_o better_a jacinth_n in_o the_o island_n of_o zeilan_n be_v tender_a yellow_a stone_n jacinth_n jacinth_n and_o have_v common_o pimple_n or_o burble_n in_o they_o emerald_n or_o smaragd_n be_v hard_a and_o green_a stone_n emerald_n emerald_n find_v in_o the_o country_n of_o babylon_n and_o other_o place_n of_o india_n be_v of_o great_a estimation_n before_o the_o quantity_n discover_v in_o the_o west-indies_n many_o of_o they_o be_v counterfeit_v but_o by_o look_v on_o they_o curious_o towards_o the_o light_n the_o counterfeitnesse_n appear_v by_o certain_a burble_n like_v as_o the_o glass_n do_v which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o true_a stone_n although_o certain_a beam_n appear_v which_o true_a 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piece_n in_o the_o ounce_n 7_o will_v and_o half_a pedraria_n of_o 100_o to_o 110_o piece_n in_o the_o ounce_n 5_o will_v also_o great_a unproportionated_a pearl_n call_v barocos_fw-la according_a to_o estimation_n and_o goodness_n as_o these_o price_n be_v make_v at_o paris_n and_o when_o they_o be_v hole_v or_o bore_v and_o string_v up_o in_o four_o sort_n call_v entreneto_o and_o put_v into_o box_n than_o they_o be_v sell_v one_o with_o another_o according_a to_o their_o sort_n for_o 4_o or_o 5_o will_v the_o ounce_n diverse_a flat_a pearl_n serve_v for_o button_n pearl_n round_o pearl_n put_v upon_o paper_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o piece_n according_a to_o their_o bigness_n and_o fairness_n seed_n pearl_n to_o stamp_v for_o apothecary_n at_o 8_o and_o 10_o ss_z the_o ounce_n round_o pearl_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o this_o water_n value_v at_o paris_n as_o follow_v of_o ½_n a_o grain_n 2_o solz_n tornois_fw-fr two_o d_o â…–_n star_n of_o â—_o 4_o grain_n 2_o ½_n 2_o do_v â…—_n of_o 1_o grain_n 4_o 4_o d_o â…˜_n of_o 1_o â—_o 4_o grain_n 6_o 7_o d_o â…•_n of_o 1_o ½_n graine_n 10_o 12_o d_o of_o 1_o ¾_n graine_n 13_o be_v 15_o do_v ½_n of_o 2_o grain_n 16_o 19_o do_v â…•_n of_o 2_o ¼_n grain_n 18_o 21_o do_v â…—_n of_o 2_o ¾_n grain_n 30_o 3_o ss_z of_o 3_o grain_n 40_o 4_o ss_z of_o 3_o ¼_n grain_n 50_o solz_n 5_o of_o 3_o ½_n grain_n 60_o 6_o of_o 3_o â—_o 4_o grain_n 70_o 7_o of_o 4_o gr._n carrot_fw-la 80_o 8_o of_o 4_o ¼_n grain_n 90_o 9_o of_o 4_o ½_n grain_n 100_o 10_o of_o 5_o grain_n 120_o 12_o of_o 6_o grain_n 240_o 24_o of_o 7_o grain_n 460_o 46_o of_o 8_o gr._n be_v 2_o carrat_n 60_o pearl_n of_o a_o carratt_n be_v worth_a now_o ten_o shilling_n and_o the_o other_o sort_n under_o the_o same_o or_o above_o it_o according_o i_o have_v 1600_o of_o a_o carratt_n which_o be_v sell_v for_o 9_o ss_z and_z 900_o of_o two_o carrat_n sell_v for_o 36_o shilling_n and_o many_o fair_a pendant_n whereof_o no_o price_n can_v be_v make_v in_o certainty_n they_o must_v have_v the_o due_a proportion_n of_o a_o pear_n and_o be_v of_o excellent_a water_n yellow_a pearl_n be_v not_o worth_a half_a the_o price_n of_o the_o east_n india_n brown_a pearl_n albeit_o they_o be_v a_o little_a help_v to_o make_v they_o white_a for_o the_o proverb_n be_v true_a quod_fw-la natura_fw-la dedit_fw-la nemo_fw-la tollere_fw-la potest_fw-la but_o if_o they_o be_v yellow_a accidental_o than_o they_o will_v become_v very_o fair_a by_o the_o remedy_n follow_v take_v two_o ounce_n of_o white_a argall_n or_o tartar_n and_o one_o ounce_n of_o mercury_n sublimate_n and_o 1_o ½_n ounce_n of_o allome_n put_v they_o together_o into_o a_o clean_a pipkin_n or_o lead_v pot_n pour_v upon_o it_o the_o best_a aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la you_o can_v get_v and_o bind_v your_o pearl_n into_o a_o clean_a clout_n and_o hang_v they_o in_o the_o pot_n and_o so_o let_v they_o stand_v over_o the_o fire_n one_o hour_n not_o touch_v any_o part_n of_o the_o pot_n and_o they_o will_v be_v fair_a and_o white_a if_o they_o be_v great_a round_a pearl_n they_o may_v be_v scale_v for_o natural_o the_o pearl_n be_v like_a unto_o a_o onion_n scale_v one_o upon_o another_o i_o remember_v that_o a_o friend_n of_o my_o acquaintance_n call_v mounsieur_fw-fr hellman_n tell_v i_o many_o year_n since_o that_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o philip_n the_o three_o late_a king_n of_o spain_n he_o show_v unto_o he_o two_o excellent_a great_a round_a pearl_n which_o he_o value_v at_o ten_o thousand_o ducat_n or_o three_o thousand_o pound_n which_o the_o young_a prince_n take_v in_o his_o hand_n say_v bocado_fw-it por_fw-mi un_fw-fr roy_fw-fr a_o morsel_n for_o a_o king_n and_o swallow_v they_o down_o one_o after_o another_o the_o merchant_n make_v account_v to_o receive_v money_n for_o his_o pearl_n but_o he_o can_v not_o and_o be_v glad_a within_o two_o day_n after_o to_o take_v his_o pearl_n again_o which_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v become_v yellow_a come_v to_o antuerp_n a_o certain_a jew_n undertake_v to_o take_v off_o the_o upper_a scale_n and_o so_o they_o be_v exceed_o fair_a again_o but_o diminish_v they_o be_v afterward_o sell_v to_o the_o great_a turk_n for_o above_o two_o thousand_o pound_n starling_n thus_o much_o for_o oriental_a and_o occidental_a pearl_n where_o note_n that_o the_o weight_n for_o pearl_n in_o seville_a be_v lesser_a than_o the_o weight_n of_o lisbon_n by_o eight_o in_o the_o hundred_o the_o climate_n in_o the_o east_n be_v hot_a than_o in_o the_o west_n and_o the_o water_n more_o faltish_a which_o cause_v the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n in_o scotland_n be_v many_o time_n
bill_n of_o debt_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v ordinary_o sell_v payable_a at_o some_o day_n of_o payment_n either_o 4_o 6_o or_o more_o month_n and_o have_v agree_v upon_o the_o price_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n or_o before_o he_o make_v the_o seller_n acquaint_v what_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n he_o will_v give_v he_o in_o bill_n of_o such_o and_o such_o person_n amount_v to_o such_o a_o sum_n either_o little_a more_o or_o less_o than_o the_o commodity_n do_v amount_v unto_o or_o to_o take_v in_o commodity_n so_o much_o as_o the_o say_a bill_n do_v contain_v or_o do_v amount_v unto_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o remainder_n due_a for_o the_o commodity_n more_o than_o the_o bill_n do_v amount_v the_o same_o to_o be_v pay_v in_o ready_a money_n or_o upon_o his_o own_o bill_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o time_n as_o they_o agree_v between_o they_o which_o often_o come_v to_o be_v a_o great_a sum_n hereupon_o all_o such_o bill_n as_o be_v of_o know_a person_n be_v 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merchandise_n the_o commodity_n be_v soon_o vent_v in_o all_o place_n debt_n general_a benefit_n by_o set_v over_o of_o bill_n of_o debt_n the_o custom_n and_o imposition_n of_o prince_n do_v increase_v the_o poor_a and_o mechanical_a people_n be_v set_v on_o work_n man_n be_v better_o assure_v in_o their_o payment_n the_o counterfeit_n of_o bill_n and_o difference_n be_v prevent_v the_o more_o commodity_n there_o be_v sell_v the_o less_o ready_a money_n be_v transport_v and_o life_n be_v infuse_v into_o traffic_n and_o trade_n for_o the_o general_a good_a and_o herein_o we_o see_v and_o may_v observe_v that_o thing_n which_o be_v indeed_o and_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o indeed_o but_o take_v to_o be_v indeed_o may_v produce_v all_o one_o effect_n and_o every_o man_n be_v enable_v with_o his_o own_o mean_n and_o credit_n to_o augment_v commerce_n this_o laudable_a custom_n as_o i_o say_v be_v not_o practise_v in_o england_n yet_o sometime_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v accept_v of_o bill_n of_o debt_n in_o payment_n for_o commodity_n sell_v with_o advantage_n but_o then_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v new_a again_o and_o in_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n name_n and_o this_o be_v not_o without_o some_o danger_n to_o he_o that_o buy_v the_o commodity_n or_o merchandise_n for_o another_o man_n bill_n as_o factor_n may_v do_v for_o their_o master_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v by_o good_a experience_n bill_n a_o law_n case_n about_o the_o set_n over_o of_o bill_n that_o a_o factor_n in_o london_n have_v sell_v for_o his_o master_n a_o merchant_n of_o antuerpe_n some_o commodity_n to_o a_o english_a merchant_n to_o the_o value_n of_o seven_o hundred_o pound_n and_o take_v the_o merchant_n bill_n payable_a at_o six_o month_n and_o six_o month_n for_o it_o his_o master_n of_o antuerpe_n do_v appoint_v he_o to_o buy_v bay_n â—or_a these_o bill_n of_o another_o merchant_n which_o he_o do_v perform_v and_o have_v the_o value_n of_o 700_o will_v deliver_v unto_o he_o in_o bay_n according_o and_o the_o bill_n be_v to_o be_v alter_v in_o the_o other_o merchant_n name_n for_o his_o bay_n short_o after_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o english_a merchant_n become_v insoluent_a but_o before_o it_o be_v public_o know_v the_o factor_n bring_v the_o bill_n alter_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n in_o the_o bay_n merchant_n name_n who_o do_v refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o they_o and_o say_v the_o factor_n shall_v pay_v he_o the_o bill_n be_v tender_v with_o a_o scrivener_n according_a to_o their_o agreement_n but_o still_o be_v refuse_v the_o time_n of_o payment_n be_v expire_v the_o bay_a merchant_n do_v arrest_v the_o say_a factor_n the_o matter_n be_v try_v before_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n by_o a_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la in_o london_n by_o a_o party_n jury_n of_o english_a man_n and_o stranger_n the_o verdict_n be_v find_v for_o the_o bay_a merchant_n and_o the_o factor_n do_v pay_v the_o money_n and_o have_v no_o remedy_n against_o his_o master_n the_o reason_n be_v deliver_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n require_v a_o release_n or_o acquittance_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o bay_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o factor_n otherwise_o he_o be_v still_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n to_o answer_v for_o the_o say_a bay_n england_n to_o establish_v this_o custom_n in_o england_n this_o custom_n may_v with_o great_a facility_n nevertheless_o be_v establish_v in_o england_n and_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n ingenerall_n for_o albeit_o that_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n demand_v a_o seal_n and_o delivery_n of_o deed_n and_o that_o the_o bill_n cannon_n convenient_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n of_o it_o or_o be_v alter_v in_o another_o man_n name_n as_o abovesaid_a neither_o can_v it_o be_v recover_v by_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n which_o in_o england_n be_v always_o revocable_a before_o the_o fact_n nevertheless_o if_o there_o be_v a_o register_n keep_v of_o the_o pass_a and_o transfer_v of_o these_o bill_n from_o man_n to_o man_n and_o by_o a_o endorsement_n thereof_o also_o upon_o the_o bill_n it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o ease_n and_o the_o bearer_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v acknowledge_v thereby_o to_o be_v the_o lawful_a attorney_n in_o law_n and_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o undecent_a plea_n of_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la will_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o to_o prevent_v fraudulent_a deal_n if_o any_o bill_n shall_v be_v lose_v notice_n may_v be_v give_v instant_o to_o the_o register_n which_o at_o lixborne_n and_o rouen_n be_v call_v a_o prothonotary_n by_o mean_n whereof_o many_o questionable_a parcel_n or_o payment_n be_v make_v apparent_a rouen_n office_n of_o prothonotary_n at_o lixborne_n and_o rouen_n and_o the_o bill_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v remain_v in_o the_o office_n at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o last_o assign_v or_o assign_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n also_o that_o 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do_v concur_v and_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n whereof_o we_o shall_v entreat_v more_o hereafter_o frederick_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o coppenhaven_n in_o the_o year_n 1561_o have_v abridge_v as_o also_o set_v down_o certain_a act_n or_o statute_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o sea_n matter_n but_o for_o the_o most_o para_fw-it agree_v also_o with_o the_o say_a law_n of_o oleron_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o this_o treatise_n set_v down_o upon_o every_o occasion_n offer_v unto_o i_o to_o make_v application_n of_o they_o in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_n in_o seafaring_a cause_n all_o controversy_n and_o difference_n of_o seafaring_a action_n or_o maritime_a cause_n aught_o to_o be_v decide_v according_a to_o the_o sea_n law_n which_o take_v their_o beginning_n from_o custom_n and_o observation_n and_o from_o they_o be_v the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o say_a law_n to_o be_v take_v and_o if_o any_o case_n shall_v fall_v out_o that_o be_v not_o know_v before_o neither_o write_v down_o and_o authorise_v as_o a_o law_n than_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o judge_n with_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n of_o experience_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o say_v seafaring_a cause_n and_o herein_o be_v all_o convenient_a expedition_n require_v that_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v summary_o and_o brief_o determine_v especial_o in_o case_n of_o shipwreck_n wherein_o delay_n or_o protraction_n in_o law_n be_v a_o cruelty_n to_o vex_v such_o afflict_a person_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v appellation_n present_a execution_n and_o restitution_n of_o good_n be_v use_v in_o cause_n of_o spoil_n upon_o caution_n first_o find_v by_o the_o spoil_a to_o satisfy_v the_o condemnation_n to_o the_o judge_n if_o there_o be_v just_a cause_n find_v of_o appellation_n maritime_a witness_n in_o cause_n maritime_a and_o to_o this_o end_n also_o it_o be_v permit_v that_o witness_n of_o the_o same_o ship_n may_v be_v examine_v although_o the_o adverse_a party_n be_v not_o call_v thereunto_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n sail_v together_o in_o one_o ship_n may_v bear_v witness_v each_o to_o other_o and_o mariner_n against_o the_o master_n when_o they_o be_v free_a and_o out_o of_o his_o command_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o find_v surety_n to_o pay_v cost_n and_o damage_n if_o he_o do_v fail_v in_o his_o proof_n and_o the_o defendant_n be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o caution_n to_o satisfy_v the_o sentence_n judicio_fw-la cisti_fw-la &_o iudicatum_fw-la solui_fw-la if_o the_o defendant_n do_v stand_v out_o or_o commit_v a_o comtempt_n by_o not_o appear_v for_o to_o defend_v himself_o or_o his_o ship_n or_o thing_n challenge_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n may_v after_o four_o default_n enter_v deliver_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n or_o part_v thereof_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n put_v in_o surety_n for_o one_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o if_o the_o party_n appear_v not_o within_o that_o time_n than_o the_o property_n be_v final_o adjudge_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o if_o he_o do_v appear_v within_o the_o time_n offer_v to_o pay_v the_o expense_n and_o put_v in_o caution_n to_o obey_v and_o perform_v the_o definitive_a sentence_n he_o shall_v be_v admit_v but_o this_o caution_n or_o surety_n be_v liable_a absolute_o for_o all_o from_o the_o beginning_n and_o can_v be_v discharge_v as_o a_o bail_n may_v be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n england_n difference_n between_o caution_n in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o bail_v at_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n bring_v in_o the_o party_n at_o convenient_a time_n summons_n and_o citation_n be_v not_o needful_a where_o the_o ship_n or_o good_n in_o question_n be_v forthcoming_a but_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o it_o lie_v or_o the_o good_n be_v find_v if_o any_o man_n be_v arrest_v or_o trouble_v for_o the_o like_a matter_n he_o be_v present_o to_o be_v discharge_v upon_o surety_n and_o especial_o mariner_n because_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v hinder_v of_o their_o voyage_n which_o he_o may_v do_v with_o so_o much_o good_n or_o the_o value_n thereof_o as_o he_o have_v within_o shipboard_n at_o the_o judge_n discretion_n for_o it_o be_v intend_v that_o otherwise_o traffic_v and_o commerce_n be_v interrupt_v cahp._n xix_o of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n by_o contract_n the_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n by_o contract_n may_v be_v distinguish_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n namely_o regal_a notariall_a and_o verbal_a the_o regal_a contract_n be_v make_v between_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o merchant_n which_o cause_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n to_o be_v call_v royal_a merchant_n for_o whereas_o the_o venetian_n have_v the_o trade_n for_o spice_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o east_n indies_n solemn_a regal_a contract_n call_v by_o the_o civilians_n solemn_a the_o portugall_n upon_o the_o discovery_n of_o those_o part_n by_o navigation_n do_v bereave_v the_o venetian_n of_o that_o trade_n as_o by_o the_o revolution_n of_o time_n other_o nation_n have_v almost_o compass_v that_o trade_n of_o spice_n and_o take_v the_o same_o from_o the_o portugall_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n have_v always_o the_o one_o moiety_n of_o the_o pepper_n by_o way_n of_o contract_n and_o for_o that_o they_o will_v contract_v again_o with_o the_o german_n or_o other_o principal_a merchant_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o of_o their_o own_o to_o deliver_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o price_n agree_v upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o carracke_n at_o lixborne_n according_a unto_o which_o it_o be_v sell_v again_o with_o reputation_n to_o other_o merchant_n and_o disperse_v into_o diverse_a country_n and_o so_o be_v it_o also_o do_v for_o clove_n and_o mace_n and_o sometime_o for_o indigo_n and_o the_o payment_n be_v make_v by_o assignation_n in_o the_o bank_n of_o madrill_n lion_n and_o bizanson_n and_o sometime_o at_o florence_n 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apparel_n as_o i_o have_v see_v by_o the_o record_n and_o account_n extant_a in_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o exchequer_n all_o these_o and_o such_o like_a contract_n be_v make_v by_o commission_n grant_v for_o that_o purpose_n to_o some_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o have_v thereby_o authority_n to_o contract_n for_o the_o same_o with_o merchant_n or_o other_o notariall_a contract_n have_v partly_o dependence_n upon_o the_o same_o public_a notariall_n contract_v call_v public_a for_o when_o those_o merchant_n which_o have_v contract_v with_o king_n or_o prince_n be_v to_o provide_v sudden_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v contract_v for_o or_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o commodity_n which_o they_o have_v buy_v or_o ingross_v into_o their_o hand_n then_o they_o deal_v with_o other_o merchant_n either_o to_o provide_v they_o of_o the_o say_a commodity_n or_o to_o sell_v they_o such_o as_o they_o have_v buy_v
credit_n which_o they_o have_v obtain_v in_o general_n the_o money_n then_o remain_v in_o the_o banker_n hand_n be_v employ_v by_o they_o to_o other_o use_n and_o purpose_n first_o they_o do_v deal_v with_o great_a prince_n and_o potentate_n trade_n the_o banker_n trade_n that_o have_v need_n of_o money_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o war_n as_o the_o genevoise_n and_o german_n do_v with_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o during_o the_o war_n in_o germany_n and_o as_o the_o florentine_n and_o other_o have_v do_v with_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o also_o with_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o three_o late_a reign_v cause_v he_o to_o pay_v 20_o 25_o 30_o and_o more_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o way_n of_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v suppose_v to_o happen_v accidental_o second_o they_o engross_v thereby_o diverse_a commodity_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o last_o they_o carry_v thereby_o a_o predominance_n in_o rule_v the_o course_n of_o exchange_n for_o all_o place_n where_o it_o please_v they_o by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o countermine_v they_o have_v in_o the_o year_n 1608_o also_o erect_v a_o very_a great_a bank_n amsterdam_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o bank_n at_o amsterdam_n for_o the_o which_o the_o say_a city_n have_v undertake_v to_o answer_v whereby_o they_o be_v always_o store_v with_o money_n as_o appeareth_z that_o the_o same_o be_v plentiful_o to_o be_v have_v at_o interest_n at_o six_o and_o seven_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n and_o some_o at_o five_o and_o under_o this_o custom_n be_v now_o so_o settle_v there_o that_o it_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o any_o law_n of_o the_o break_n of_o some_o of_o these_o bank_n bankrupt_a bankrupt_a be_v the_o name_n bankrupt_a derive_v for_o when_o prince_n do_v not_o accomplish_v with_o they_o than_o they_o can_v hold_v out_o unless_o they_o have_v great_a estate_n of_o their_o own_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1596_o be_v constrain_v to_o give_v facultad_v real_a that_o be_v to_o say_v protection_n a_o faculty_n royal_a or_o protection_n a_o power_n or_o faculty_n royal_a or_o a_o protection_n unto_o the_o bank_n of_o madrill_n and_o all_o their_o associate_n for_o four_o year_n command_v that_o all_o those_o that_o have_v deal_v with_o they_o in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n interest_n contract_n letter_n of_o credit_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n public_o or_o secret_n and_o with_o all_o their_o know_a or_o unknown_a partner_n shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v any_o money_n to_o their_o creditor_n until_o the_o year_n 1600_o but_o in_o the_o interim_n they_o shall_v at_o every_o 6_o month_n receive_v interest_n for_o their_o money_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o seven_o pro_fw-la centum_fw-la for_o the_o year_n and_o if_o any_o man_n can_v not_o forbear_v his_o money_n he_o be_v to_o deliver_v the_o four_o part_n more_o in_o ready_a money_n and_o so_o account_v together_o with_o the_o interest_n due_a at_o seven_o upon_o the_o hundred_o the_o two_o three_o of_o all_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v he_o and_o the_o other_o three_o be_v to_o continue_v during_o his_o life_n with_o allowance_n of_o the_o say_a interest_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n arragon_n portugal_n and_o the_o low-countries_n as_o also_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n sicilia_n and_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o final_o in_o all_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n under_o he_o for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n and_o in_o all_o his_o warlike_a force_n by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n this_o do_v bring_v the_o bank_n in_o great_a discredit_n and_o the_o west-india_n trade_n be_v much_o interrupt_v by_o it_o and_o so_o continue_v during_o the_o say_a king_n his_o life_n time_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n money_n have_v not_o be_v plentiful_a in_o spain_n insomuch_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1608_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o three_o do_v give_v the_o like_a faculty_n royal_a to_o all_o man_n that_o be_v to_o pay_v money_n at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o west-indies_n fleet_n for_o one_o year_n pay_v but_o 3_o pro_fw-la cent_n to_o their_o creditor_n for_o the_o forbearance_n cahp._n xxi_o of_o the_o freight_a of_o ship_n charterparty_n and_o bill_n of_o lade_n hitherto_o we_o have_v be_v buy_v and_o deal_n in_o commodity_n and_o now_o it_o will_v be_v time_n to_o advance_v our_o commerce_n or_o traffic_n and_o to_o freight_v ship_n for_o the_o purpose_n to_o transport_v over_o commodity_n no_o ship_n shall_v be_v freight_v without_o a_o charterpartie_n mean_v a_o charter_n or_o covenant_n between_o two_o party_n the_o master_n and_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o bill_n of_o lade_n do_v declare_v what_o good_n be_v lade_v lade_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o bind_v the_o master_n to_o deliver_v they_o well_o condition_v to_o the_o place_n of_o discharge_n according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o charterpartie_n bind_v himself_o his_o ship_n tackle_n and_o furniture_n of_o it_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o of_o these_o bill_n of_o lade_n there_o be_v common_o three_o bill_n of_o one_o tenor_n make_v of_o the_o whole_a ship_n lade_v or_o of_o many_o particular_a parcel_n of_o good_n if_o there_o be_v many_o lader_n and_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o good_n must_v therein_o be_v express_v and_o of_o who_o receive_v and_o to_o who_o to_o be_v deliver_v these_o bill_n of_o lade_n be_v common_o to_o be_v have_v in_o print_n in_o all_o place_n and_o in_o several_a language_n one_o of_o they_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o letter_n write_v by_o the_o same_o ship_n another_o bill_n be_v send_v over_o land_n to_o the_o factor_n or_o party_n to_o who_o the_o good_n be_v consign_v the_o three_o remain_v with_o the_o merchant_n for_o his_o testimony_n against_o the_o master_n if_o there_o be_v any_o occasion_n or_o loose_a deal_n but_o especial_o it_o be_v keep_v for_o to_o serve_v in_o case_n of_o loss_n to_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o assuror_n that_o have_v undertake_v to_o bear_v the_o adventure_n with_o you_o whereof_o we_o shall_v entreat_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n the_o person_n that_o be_v in_o a_o ship_n may_v be_v thus_o in_o order_n which_o although_o they_o differ_v in_o name_n in_o many_o language_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o one_o in_o effect_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o pilot_n the_o master_n mate_n the_o shipwright_n or_o carpenter_n the_o boatman_n the_o purser_n the_o chirurgeon_n the_o cook_n and_o the_o ship_n boy_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v under_o the_o name_n mariner_n all_o these_o be_v distinguish_v in_o hire_n and_o fee_n in_o all_o country_n the_o master_n therefore_o do_v covenant_n by_o the_o charter-partie_n charter-party_n charter-party_n to_o find_v a_o sufficient_a pilot_n and_o all_o other_o the_o foresay_a officer_n and_o martiner_n and_o to_o provide_v shiptycht_v mast_n sail_n rope_n tewes_n anchor_n shipboat_n with_o fire_n water_n salt_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a at_o his_o own_o expense_n and_o this_o charter-partie_n so_o make_v on_o the_o master_n part_n do_v common_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v and_o all_o thing_n therein_o contain_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n according_a to_o which_o law_n oleron_n law_n of_o oleron_n if_o there_o be_v no_o writing_n make_v and_o but_o a_o earnest_n give_v than_o the_o merchant_n if_o he_o repent_v lose_v his_o earnest_n but_o the_o master_n if_o he_o repent_v lose_v the_o double_a of_o the_o earnest_n again_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o ready_a at_o the_o day_n appoint_v in_o the_o charter-partie_n to_o go_v to_o sea_n the_o merchant_n may_v not_o only_o free_v himself_o of_o she_o except_o he_o hold_v his_o peace_n and_o discharge_v she_o not_o for_o then_o by_o his_o silence_n he_o seem_v to_o consent_v videtur_fw-la qui_fw-la tacet_fw-la consentive_a videtur_fw-la but_o also_o shall_v recover_v charge_n interest_n and_o damage_n except_o the_o master_n show_v some_o excuse_n of_o some_o pregnant_a occasion_n or_o mischance_n which_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v and_o then_o he_o lose_v only_o his_o freight_n because_o he_o have_v not_o deserve_v it_o but_o if_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o merchant_n he_o shall_v pay_v the_o master_n his_o damage_n or_o according_a to_o the_o rhodian_a law_n law_n rhodian_a law_n shall_v entertain_v the_o ship_n and_o company_n ten_o day_n and_o if_o then_o he_o stay_v long_a shall_v pay_v the_o freight_n of_o all_o according_o and_o further_o shall_v answer_v for_o all_o hurt_n and_o damage_n happen_v by_o fire_n water_n or_o otherwise_o after_o the_o time_n appoint_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o rhodian_a law_n charge_v the_o merchant_n in_o this_o case_n but_o with_o half_a the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n with_o the_o whole_a freight_n if_o he_o fail_v
the_o light_a because_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n that_o good_n be_v liable_a only_o to_o contribution_n when_o ship_n and_o good_n come_v safe_a to_o the_o port._n item_n contribution_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o pilot_n fee_n pilot_n contribution_n for_o pilot_n that_o have_v bring_v the_o ship_n into_o a_o unknown_a port_n for_o her_o safeguard_n as_o also_o to_o raise_v she_o off_o ground_n when_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o the_o master_n so_o be_v it_o when_o two_o ship_n rush_v and_o cross_v one_o over_o another_o and_o the_o company_n swear_v that_o it_o lay_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o stay_v the_o same_o contribution_n must_v be_v make_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o both_o their_o loss_n but_o not_o so_o if_o one_o of_o they_o perish_v for_o which_o a_o action_n may_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o negligent_a master_n or_o mariner_n who_o do_v make_v she_o loose_v and_o therefore_o if_o such_o a_o chance_n do_v happen_v in_o the_o day_n time_n by_o a_o ship_n under_o sail_n against_o a_o ship_n ride_v at_o anchor_n then_o the_o master_n of_o that_o sail_a ship_n shall_v make_v good_a the_o damage_n and_o hurt_v of_o the_o other_o to_o the_o uttermost_a and_o the_o like_a shall_v be_v do_v if_o in_o the_o night_n the_o ride_a ship_n do_v put_v forth_o fire_n and_o light_n or_o make_v any_o cry_v to_o forewarn_v the_o other_o it_o also_o appertain_v to_o this_o argument_n if_o some_o sort_n of_o good_n as_o salt_n or_o corn_n be_v lay_v on_o heap_n by_o diverse_a partner_n in_o one_o ship_n without_o distinction_n and_o that_o the_o master_n deliver_v to_o any_o of_o they_o their_o due_a measure_n and_o before_o the_o rest_n receive_v their_o measure_n the_o remain_a salt_n or_o corn_n wash_v or_o lose_v he_o that_o have_v the_o hap_n to_o be_v first_o serve_v enjoy_v it_o full_o without_o any_o contribution_n to_o the_o partner_n serve_v first_o come_v first_o serve_v because_o when_o these_o good_n be_v put_v into_o the_o ship_n it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o master_n tanquam_fw-la in_o creditum_fw-la and_o so_o he_o be_v become_v owner_n as_o of_o money_n lend_v which_o man_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o redeliver_v in_o the_o self_n same_o piece_n but_o in_o value_n or_o such_o like_a coin_n except_o there_o be_v some_o condition_n pass_v to_o the_o contrary_n and_o albeit_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v impute_v unto_o the_o master_n as_o a_o fault_n yet_o if_o he_o that_o receive_v a_o loss_n thereby_o will_v bring_v in_o this_o as_o a_o aueridge_n and_o charge_v the_o assuror_n with_o contribution_n it_o be_v unjust_a for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o master_n must_v of_o necessity_n deliver_v to_o one_o man_n before_o another_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n we_o will_v set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o execution_n for_o contribution_n otherwise_o call_v aueridge_n concern_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n of_o letter_n of_o mart_n mart._n letter_n of_o mart._n or_o contremart_n sive_fw-la ius_fw-la reprisaliarum_fw-la or_o letter_n of_o marque_n every_o one_o know_v that_o man_n have_v these_o commission_n or_o letter_n from_o their_o prince_n be_v very_o vigilant_a in_o all_o place_n to_o surprise_v merchant_n ship_n and_o good_n for_o in_o this_o one_o extremity_n do_v enforce_v another_o extremity_n when_o a_o man_n be_v oppress_v with_o robbery_n spoil_n and_o violence_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o man_n false_o profess_v friend_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o no_o petition_n intercession_n or_o travel_n can_v procure_v a_o man_n right_a but_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o one_o prince_n have_v open_a denial_n of_o justice_n or_o restitution_n of_o good_n can_v be_v have_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_n of_o another_o prince_n nor_o of_o the_o prince_n himself_o who_o shall_v suppress_v injury_n and_o wrong_n then_o because_o such_o unjust_a deal_n do_v import_v just_a cause_n of_o hostility_n and_o warfare_n may_v these_o letter_n of_o mart_n be_v procure_v to_o the_o end_n man_n may_v have_v restitution_n or_o recompense_n of_o their_o loss_n especial_o because_o these_o proceed_n seem_v to_o denounce_v a_o war_n without_o any_o proclamation_n show_v unto_o other_o nation_n the_o like_a distasteful_a favour_n as_o they_o show_v unto_o we_o which_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v do_v by_o custom_n reason_n and_o also_o by_o statute_n law_n in_o scotland_n and_o afterward_o in_o england_n the_o assuror_n therefore_o can_v be_v favour_v herein_o prince_n detainment_n of_o prince_n the_o next_o be_v arrest_n restraint_n and_o detainement_n of_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o of_o all_o other_o person_n happen_v both_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n commit_v by_o the_o public_a authority_n of_o prince_n as_o also_o by_o private_a person_n both_o way_n dangerous_a ship_n privilege_a ship_n there_o be_v in_o all_o country_n privilege_a ship_n and_o boat_n serve_v the_o country_n or_o the_o prince_n which_o have_v great_a prerogative_n and_o be_v free_a of_o impost_n and_o custom_n and_o not_o subject_a to_o arrest_n therefore_o the_o assuror_n be_v not_o to_o care_v for_o they_o for_o they_o be_v to_o serve_v the_o prince_n and_o all_o ship_n be_v subject_a to_o this_o service_n upon_o command_n and_o if_o they_o refuse_v their_o ship_n be_v forfeit_v by_o the_o sea-lawe_n therefore_o in_o these_o case_n the_o favour_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v always_o require_v it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a matter_n in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n to_o make_v a_o embargo_fw-mi upon_o all_o ship_n at_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o west-india_n fleet_n or_o the_o carracke_n for_o the_o east-indies_n and_o many_o time_n upon_o other_o occasion_n whereby_o merchant_n ship_n be_v lade_v be_v much_o hinder_v especial_o if_o it_o be_v with_o wine_n oil_n raisin_n and_o such_o like_a perishable_a ware_n now_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o good_n shall_v think_v that_o his_o ware_n do_v perish_v lie_v two_o or_o three_o month_n lade_v or_o if_o it_o be_v corn_n that_o may_v become_v hot_a and_o spoil_v he_o may_v renounce_v these_o good_n or_o ware_n to_o the_o assuror_n and_o thereby_o bring_v a_o great_a loss_n upon_o they_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o abandon_v the_o good_n for_o by_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n it_o be_v always_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n of_o any_o misfortune_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o assurance_n a_o proviso_n in_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n his_o factor_n or_o assign_n or_o his_o servant_n or_o any_o of_o they_o to_o sue_v labour_n and_o travel_v for_o in_o and_o about_o the_o defence_n safeguard_n or_o recovery_n of_o the_o good_n and_o any_o part_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o assuror_n shall_v contribute_v each_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o sum_n by_o he_o assure_v so_o that_o albeit_o that_o it_o do_v fall_v out_o that_o the_o good_n be_v not_o utter_o lose_v when_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o the_o assure_a must_v recover_v his_o whole_a money_n because_o he_o have_v authority_n by_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n to_o recover_v they_o or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o as_o aforesaid_a and_o he_o be_v afterward_o to_o yield_v a_o account_n thereof_o for_o so_o much_o as_o do_v concern_v every_o man_n ratable_o otherwise_o the_o assure_v shall_v be_v discourage_v if_o by_o those_o mean_n he_o shall_v make_v his_o assurance_n intricate_a and_o subject_a to_o all_o cavilation_n and_o to_o the_o interruption_n of_o so_o necessary_a and_o laudable_a a_o custom_n as_o the_o matter_n of_o assurance_n be_v therefore_o as_o in_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n we_o have_v a_o care_n for_o the_o assuror_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v deceive_v by_o those_o that_o cause_n assurance_n to_o be_v make_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o will_v avoid_v to_o minister_v any_o occasion_n whereupon_o they_o may_v become_v quarrelsome_a but_o that_o all_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o commissioner_n determination_n who_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o best_o able_a to_o examine_v the_o premise_n now_o concern_v the_o arrest_n of_o particular_a person_n ship_n arrest_n upon_o ship_n upon_o ship_n or_o good_n the_o assure_a can_v make_v no_o renunciation_n to_o charge_v the_o assuror_n with_o any_o loss_n either_o in_o the_o total_a or_o part_n because_o upon_o caution_n give_v to_o answer_v the_o law_n the_o ship_n or_o good_n arrest_v be_v instant_o clear_v in_o all_o place_n either_o here_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n where_o the_o arrest_n be_v make_v wherein_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o all_o court_n for_o seafaring_a cause_n be_v very_o careful_a to_o see_v expedition_n use_v barratrie_fw-fr of_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n can_v hardly_o be_v avoid_v master_n barratrie_fw-fr of_o the_o master_n but_o by_o a_o provident_a care_n to_o know_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o the_o master_n
the_o sea_n be_v adjoin_v and_o in_o propriety_n to_o be_v esteem_v according_o take_v their_o name_n of_o the_o country_n and_o kingdom_n adjacent_a or_o of_o their_o situation_n as_o mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la mare_fw-la germanicum_n mare_n hibernicum_n and_o for_o situation_n mare_fw-la mediterraneum_fw-la observe_v by_o cosmographer_n historiographer_n and_o mathematician_n this_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o compass_n count_v of_o course_n sounding_n colour_n of_o the_o gravel_n or_o sand_n and_o other_o way_n to_o design_n finitum_fw-la ab_fw-la '_o infinito_o law_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o far_o as_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o certain_a reach_n and_o bound_n of_o sea_n proper_o apppertain_v to_o any_o prince_n or_o people_n wherein_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v record_v excellent_a observation_n custom_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o custom_n baldus_n say_v vidimus_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la in_fw-la mare_fw-la esse_fw-la regna_fw-la distincta_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la auda_fw-la iâ—sula_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la 1._o the_o ter_z divisione_n in_o §._o nullius_fw-la in_o tratt_v de_fw-fr iâ—sula_fw-la bartolas_n do_v in_o his_o opinion_n allow_v for_o prince_n and_o people_n at_o the_o seaside_n centum_fw-la mitliaria_fw-la which_o be_v one_o hundred_o league_n of_o sea_n from_o their_o coast_n if_o they_o extend_v their_o protection_n so_o far_o call_v by_o they_o districtus_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o territorium_fw-la which_o be_v most_o plain_a in_o those_o sea_n where_o the_o isle_n of_o garnesey_n and_o jarnesey_n be_v so_o sensible_a and_o visible_a to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n dominion_n visible_a mark_v of_o dominion_n or_o where_o there_o be_v such_o rock_n or_o eminent_a mark_n as_o the_o washes_n at_o the_o west_n sea_n thereof_o to_o which_o purpose_n paulus_n a_o renown_a civilian_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a for_o he_o who_o will_v possess_v himself_o of_o any_o land_n to_o go_v about_o and_o tread_v over_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o enter_v in_o upon_o any_o part_n thereof_o with_o a_o mind_n to_o possess_v all_o the_o rest_n thereof_o even_o to_o the_o due_a march_n to_o be_v make_v apparent_a by_o the_o instrument_n of_o geometrician_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v design_v upon_o the_o sea_n notwithstanding_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o continual_a flow_v too_o and_o fro_o of_o the_o other_o this_o distinction_n of_o dominion_n have_v continue_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n need_v not_o to_o be_v corroborate_v with_o other_o proof_n and_o argument_n yet_o let_v we_o note_v obiter_fw-la that_o if_o the_o same_o be_v not_o distinguish_v as_o aforesaid_a admiralty_n case_n of_o civil_a law_n or_o admiralty_n one_o bear_v upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v have_v no_o country_n or_o nation_n to_o appeal_v unto_o and_o a_o man_n die_v intestate_a upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v minister_v occasion_n of_o question_n to_o know_v who_o shall_v administer_v his_o good_n and_o make_v of_o a_o will_n how_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v prove_v and_o execute_v by_o law_n without_o approbation_n of_o some_o court_n or_o jurisdiction_n whereas_o we_o find_v many_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o their_o several_a jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o sea_n as_o deputy_n to_o their_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o be_v always_o absolute_a commander_n in_o their_o precinct_n according_a to_o the_o treaty_n and_o contract_n make_v between_o prince_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o law_n and_o inseparable_a of_o the_o say_a prince_n right_a on_o the_o land_n concern_v the_o possession_n of_o their_o kingdom_n or_o commonweal_n as_o the_o fundamental_a cause_n of_o their_o dominion_n wherein_o discontinuance_n of_o any_o part_n of_o their_o right_n can_v be_v plead_v against_o they_o the_o king_n of_o england_n nevertheless_o have_v be_v provident_a and_o careful_a herein_o for_o historiographer_n have_v record_v that_o king_n edgar_n one_o of_o the_o saxon_a king_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n make_v a_o survey_n yearly_a of_o the_o four_o great_a sea_n westm._n matthew_n of_o westm._n and_o style_v himself_o lord_n thereof_o even_o until_o norway_n cestriensis_fw-la ranulph_n cestriensis_fw-la and_o his_o progress_n be_v most_o towards_o the_o north._n it_o be_v also_o affirm_v 973._o anno_fw-la 973._o that_o the_o say_a king_n edgar_n cause_v a_o inscription_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o his_o tomb_n for_o a_o monument_n call_v himself_o dominus_fw-la quatuor_fw-la marea_n and_o as_o papinian_n the_o jurisconsult_a say_v in_o finalibus_fw-la questionibus_fw-la vete_fw-la ra_fw-mi monumenta_fw-la sequenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la britannicum_fw-la mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la but_o this_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n over_o their_o sea_n hibernicum_n mare_fw-la hibernicum_n be_v not_o needful_a for_o afterward_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n after_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o conquest_n germanicum_n mare_fw-la germanicum_n cause_v himself_o not_o only_o to_o be_v proclaim_v king_n deucalidon_n mare_fw-la deucalidon_n but_o also_o that_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v he_o and_o so_o cause_v the_o land_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o yet_o be_v content_v to_o change_v the_o title_n of_o a_o monarchy_n by_o conquest_n into_o a_o monarchy_n royal_a and_o be_v also_o lord_n of_o the_o say_v four_o sea_n resp._n io_o bodinus_fw-la de_fw-fr resp._n by_o the_o former_a assumpsit_fw-la which_o have_v then_o continue_v 200_o year_n and_o his_o progress_n by_o sea_n be_v most_o westward_o for_o when_o prince_n or_o king_n do_v style_v themselves_o by_o proclamation_n than_o the_o continuance_n thereof_o without_o opposition_n of_o other_o prince_n be_v hold_v and_o observe_v as_o inviolable_a and_o permanent_a now_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o succeed_a william_n the_o conqueror_n chronicle_n graftons_n chronicle_n within_o one_o hundred_o year_n do_v join_v ireland_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o do_v reduce_v normandy_n and_o other_o place_n in_o france_n to_o the_o crown_n take_v as_o it_o be_v a_o new_a possession_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o henry_n the_o first_o every_o year_n or_o within_o three_o year_n at_o the_o further_a cross_v over_o into_o normandy_n have_v take_v robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n prisoner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o malmesbuâ—e_n chro._n malmesbuâ—e_n there_o be_v a_o disputation_n hold_v with_o france_n concern_v the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n about_o britain_n in_o which_o it_o be_v prove_v to_o belong_v to_o england_n hayward_n joh._n hayward_n and_o thereupon_o france_n disclaim_v therein_o etc._n by_o ancient_a record_n and_o treaty_n etc._n etc._n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o proclamation_n yet_o extant_a which_o argument_n and_o contract_n be_v as_o a_o law_n effectual_a and_o here_o i_o must_v remember_v the_o singular_a care_n which_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n doctor_n abbot_n now_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n canturburie_n a_o rare_a book_n remoin_v with_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o england_n have_v have_v in_o procure_v at_o his_o great_a charge_n for_o the_o good_a of_o our_o posterity_n a_o excellent_a great_a volume_n or_o manuscript_n which_o be_v heretofore_o take_v at_o calais_n in_o france_n when_o the_o spaniard_n take_v the_o same_o anno_fw-la 1596_o and_o carry_v to_o brussels_n in_o the_o low-countries_n whereof_o i_o have_v have_v the_o perusal_n and_o make_v a_o abstract_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o viz._n the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o edward_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n and_o john_n king_n of_o france_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o elder_a son_n namely_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n of_o wales_n and_z charles_n duke_n of_o normandy_n regent_n the_o french_a king_n his_o father_n be_v prisoner_n to_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n which_o treaty_n be_v make_v the_o eight_o of_o may_v 1360_o in_o brittany_n near_o chartres_n and_o confirm_v at_o calais_n whereupon_o sixteen_o hostage_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v to_o come_v thither_o in_o person_n and_o to_o pay_v three_o million_o of_o crown_n for_o his_o ransom_n of_o two_o crown_n to_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o english_a noble_a call_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o time_n angel_n noble_a be_v some_o 750000_o 〈◊〉_d sterling_a france_n the_o ransom_n of_o king_n john_n of_o france_n the_o ship_n whereof_o upon_o the_o one_o side_n do_v signify_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n whereunto_o old_a chaucer_n the_o poet_n do_v allude_v in_o henry_n the_o five_o his_o time_n this_o money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o weet_v six_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n at_o calais_n within_o 4_o month_n after_o king_n johns_n arrival_n there_o more_fw-mi four_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n within_o the_o year_n and_o so_o much_o yearly_a until_o the_o full_a payment_n make_v
be_v but_o one_o and_o so_o be_v conjunction_n and_o putrefaction_n likewise_o cibation_n and_o fermentation_n then_o follow_v congelation_n and_o at_o last_o multiplication_n and_o projection_n which_o be_v also_o but_o one_o for_o i_o own_o part_n see_v that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v perfect_a in_o any_o one_o science_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o amiss_o for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v knowledge_n in_o most_o or_o in_o all_o thing_n for_o by_o this_o study_n of_o alchemy_n man_n may_v attain_v to_o many_o good_a experiment_n of_o distillation_n chemical_a firework_n and_o other_o excellent_a observation_n in_o nature_n which_o be_v far_o from_o merchant_n profession_n i_o hope_v shall_v not_o give_v offence_n to_o the_o reader_n of_o this_o book_n see_v it_o be_v but_o in_o one_o chapter_n accidental_o handle_v neither_o will_v i_o crave_v pardon_n of_o the_o muse_n as_o it_o be_v insinuate_v to_o the_o world_n to_o have_v a_o far_o great_a knowledge_n in_o these_o trial_n or_o conclusion_n but_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o some_o that_o it_o may_v be_v with_o a_o gape_a mouth_n expect_v to_o understand_v somewhat_o of_o the_o stuff_n put_v into_o these_o glass_n i_o may_v say_v as_o i_o be_v inform_v that_o in_o some_o be_v the_o calcine_v over_o of_o silâ—er_n and_o gold_n in_o some_o other_o mercury_n calcine_v and_o sulphur_n in_o some_o other_o arsenike_n for_o the_o air_n sulphur_n for_o the_o fire_n mercury_n for_o water_n and_o sea-coal_n for_o the_o earth_n be_v put_v altogether_o as_o the_o four_o element_n in_o some_o other_o glass_n be_v vitriol_n and_o orpiment_n and_o what_o more_o i_o do_v not_o now_o remember_v conclude_v that_o where_o nature_n give_v ability_n art_n give_v facility_n i_o have_v read_v all_o the_o book_n of_o paracelsus_n that_o i_o can_v find_v hitherto_o and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr transmutatione_n rerum_fw-la i_o do_v find_v to_o this_o purpose_n the_o observation_n follow_v concur_v with_o my_o friend_n opinion_n concern_v ripleys_n 12_o division_n comprise_v into_o six_o and_o the_o seven_o be_v the_o matter_n itself_o and_o the_o labour_n or_o work_n rest_v wherewith_o i_o do_v end_n this_o chapter_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o sure_a ground_n of_o the_o mine_n of_o metal_n omne_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o friâ—ore_fw-la soluitur_fw-la continet_fw-la aerum_fw-la spiritum_fw-la salis_fw-la quem_fw-la in_o sublimatione_fw-la vel_fw-la distillatione_fw-la acquirit_fw-la &_o assumit_v omne_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o frigore_fw-la vel_fw-la aere_fw-la soluitur_fw-la iterum_fw-la calore_fw-la ignis_fw-la coagulatur_fw-la in_o puluerem_fw-la vel_fw-la lapidem_fw-la solutio_fw-la verò_fw-la caloris_fw-la soluit_fw-la omne_fw-la pingua_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la sulphurea_fw-la et_fw-la quicquid_fw-la calor_fw-la ignis_fw-la soluit_fw-la hoc_fw-la coagulat_fw-la frigus_fw-la in_o massâ—m_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la calor_fw-la coagulat_fw-la hoc_fw-la soluit_fw-la rursus_fw-la aeer_fw-la &_o frigor_fw-la gradus_fw-la ad_fw-la transmutationem_fw-la sunt_fw-la septem_fw-la calcinatio_fw-la sublimatio_fw-la solutio_fw-la putrifactio_fw-la distillatio_fw-la coagulatio_fw-la &_o tintura_n subgradus_fw-la calcinationis_fw-la compraehenduntur_fw-la reverberatio_fw-la &_o cementatio_fw-la sub_fw-la sublimatione_fw-la exaltio_n elevatio_fw-la &_o fixatio_n sub_fw-la solutione_n dissolutio_fw-la &_o resolutio_fw-la sub_fw-la putrifactione_fw-la digestio_fw-la &_o circulatio_fw-la qui_fw-la transmutat_fw-la colores_fw-la separat_fw-la purum_fw-la ab_fw-la impuro_fw-la purum_fw-la superius_fw-la impurum_fw-la inferius_fw-la sub_fw-la distillatione_fw-la ascensio_n lavatio_fw-la &_o fixatio_n coagulatio_fw-la est_fw-la duplex_fw-la una_fw-la aeris_fw-la altera_fw-la ignis_fw-la tintura_n tingit_fw-la totum_fw-la corpus_fw-la &_o est_fw-la fermentum_fw-la massae_fw-la farinaceoe_v &_o panis_fw-la secundum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la calidius_fw-la liquescunt_fw-la eo_fw-la celerius_fw-la tintura_fw-la transcurrit_fw-la sicut_fw-la fermentum_fw-la penetrate_v &_o totam_fw-la massam_fw-la acetositate_fw-la inficit_fw-la etc._n etc._n sequitur_fw-la mortificatio_fw-la &_o fixatio_n sulphuris_fw-la &_o in_o libro_fw-la de_fw-fr resuscitatione_n rerum_fw-la reductio_fw-la metallorum_fw-la in_o mercurium_fw-la vivum_fw-la chap._n ii_o of_o mine_n royal_a the_o mine_n call_v royal_a be_v only_o of_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n of_o which_o three_o metal_n prince_n make_v choice_n to_o make_v their_o money_n of_o simple_a or_o mix_v as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o silver_n be_v find_v in_o the_o lead_n mine_n and_o that_o the_o silver_n mine_n have_v their_o oar_n mix_v with_o hard_a lead_n also_o it_o happen_v many_o time_n that_o there_o be_v great_a question_n about_o these_o mine_n when_o prince_n will_v claim_v their_o interest_n in_o some_o lead_v mine_n because_o they_o be_v rich_a in_o silver_n as_o of_o late_a year_n between_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o master_n plowdens_n commentary_n of_o book_n case_n where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o a_o mine_n be_v find_v rich_a in_o silver_n of_o more_o value_n within_o the_o ore_n than_o of_o lead_n all_o charge_n of_o the_o work_n of_o both_o metal_n be_v full_o pay_v the_o prince_n may_v claim_v the_o same_o to_o be_v a_o my_o royal_a wherein_o must_v be_v have_v great_a advisement_n some_o ore_n in_o one_o place_n be_v rich_a than_o other_o ore_n in_o another_o place_n of_o the_o same_o mine_n whereof_o we_o may_v handle_v in_o his_o proper_a place_n of_o other_o mine_n begin_v therefore_o with_o gold_n the_o most_o precious_a mettle_n mines_n gold_n mines_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o the_o same_o be_v find_v in_o hill_n river_n and_o in_o the_o earth_n but_o not_o mix_v in_o ore_n as_o silver_n copper_n and_o other_o metal_n that_o which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o river_n be_v the_o fine_a as_o contain_v less_o corruption_n and_o be_v all_o of_o one_o goodness_n otherwise_o there_o be_v mayden-gold_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v never_o in_o the_o fire_n natural_o all_o gold_n have_v a_o little_a silver_n in_o it_o as_o also_o some_o copper_n and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v soft_a and_o do_v harden_v by_o the_o air_n such_o gold_n as_o have_v no_o need_n to_o be_v refine_v but_o may_v be_v use_v according_a to_o his_o finesse_n in_o work_n or_o to_o make_v money_n be_v call_v aurum_fw-la obrison_n such_o be_v the_o gold_n which_o sir_n bevis_n bulmer_n knight_n bring_v out_o of_o scotland_n find_v in_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o river_n near_o unto_o the_o gold_n mine_n of_o crayford-moore_n scotland_n crayford_n moor_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v above_o twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o better_a than_o the_o french_a crown_n gold_n i_o see_v some_o eighteen_o ounce_n of_o it_o which_o be_v in_o big_a grain_n some_o like_a pease_n find_v out_o by_o the_o shepherd_n by_o who_o mean_n that_o place_n have_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n some_o other_o gold_n have_v be_v find_v out_o also_o in_o scotland_n within_o a_o white_a sparre_n wherein_o it_o grow_v near_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n &_o run_v into_o small_a vein_n like_o pin_n fit_a to_o be_v refine_v by_o quicksilver_n from_o the_o sparre_n because_o it_o be_v as_o pure_a gold_n as_o any_o find_v in_o africa_n or_o barbary_n which_o we_o call_v angel_n gold_n hold_v but_o half_o a_o grain_n of_o alloy_n i_o have_v see_v the_o like_a sparre_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v find_v in_o england_n in_o county_n of_o lincoln_n at_o brickell_n hill_n near_o spilsbie_n by_o lincoln_n england_n brickell_n hill_n in_o england_n but_o neither_o this_o place_n or_o any_o other_o be_v look_v into_o for_o the_o reason_n hereafter_o declare_v be_v right_o worthy_a to_o be_v regard_v with_o a_o curious_a eye_n and_o a_o industrious_a understanding_n and_o consequent_o many_o other_o whereof_o this_o monarchy_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v rare_o bless_v and_o especial_o in_o scotland_n where_o much_o barren_a ground_n be_v for_o god_n in_o his_o divine_a wisdom_n do_v countervail_v the_o say_a barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n with_o the_o riches_n contain_v within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o in_o fertile_a ground_n with_o the_o corn_n and_o fruit_n grow_v upon_o the_o superficies_n thereof_o mine_n a_o observation_n to_o find_v out_o any_o mine_n which_o may_v serve_v we_o for_o a_o observation_n especial_o where_o we_o find_v river_n of_o water_n run_v about_o the_o hilly_a place_n in_o dale_n which_o the_o spaniard_n do_v so_o much_o regard_n in_o the_o west-indies_n seek_v after_o mine_n that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o find_v not_o the_o same_o they_o present_o give_v over_o the_o search_n after_o they_o gold_n do_v come_v out_o of_o many_o country_n as_o out_o of_o the_o mountain_n in_o bohemia_n river_n of_o pannonia_n in_o hungary_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweaden_a but_o it_o be_v all_o exhaust_v there_o be_v wont_a to_o come_v out_o of_o spain_n of_o the_o river_n and_o mountain_n above_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n yearly_a
mint_n beyâ—nd_n â—he_v sea_n call_v the_o general_n of_o mint_n which_o do_v determine_v such_o and_o the_o like_a question_n and_o controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o warden_n and_o the_o mint-master_n which_o be_v man_n of_o great_a knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o mint_n affair_n and_o have_v from_o the_o prince_n large_a stipend_n give_v they_o for_o to_o attend_v these_o mâ—nt_a business_n when_o the_o trial_n of_o pix_n or_o of_o the_o box_n be_v make_v and_o the_o mint-master_n make_v their_o account_n with_o the_o prince_n hereupon_o the_o say_a assay-master_n according_a to_o his_o courteous_a behaviour_n be_v very_o well_o please_v to_o hear_v i_o as_o he_o say_v in_o favour_n of_o justice_n and_o truth_n and_o so_o i_o begin_v to_o answer_v gradatim_fw-la and_o articular_o as_o follow_v admit_v drink_v up_o of_o the_o copple_v admit_v first_o concern_v the_o drink_n up_o of_o the_o copple_n albeit_o that_o it_o appear_v unto_o i_o by_o certain_a testimoniall_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o general_n warden_n mint-master_n and_o assaymaster_n that_o if_o a_o copple_n or_o test_v be_v well_o make_v it_o drink_v not_o up_o any_o silver_n at_o all_o yet_o i_o will_v admit_v that_o it_o do_v so_o because_o you_o be_v so_o confident_a that_o you_o can_v take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o copple_n or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o and_o so_o i_o will_v proceed_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v put_v in_o second_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n put_v into_o the_o melt_a pot_n as_o you_o say_v for_o it_o be_v commix_v at_o twenty_o penny_n weight_n which_o be_v a_o fâ—ll_a ounce_n where_o the_o standard_n require_v but_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n but_o this_o be_v do_v to_o countervail_v the_o waist_n of_o copper_n which_o come_v by_o melt_v of_o bullion_n remelting_a of_o the_o brocage_n and_o scizell_n and_o by_o work_v hammer_v often_o neal_v and_o blaunch_v of_o the_o money_n whereby_o the_o money_n grow_v better_a in_o fineness_n than_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o melt_v because_o so_o much_o and_o more_o copper_n do_v waste_v in_o be_v of_o copper_n counteruade_v the_o copper_n put_v in_o and_o can_v it_o waste_v less_o than_o ten_o ounce_n in_o one_o hundred_o weight_n no_o sure_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o red_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o mint_n affair_n admit_v this_o two_o penny_n weight_n for_o waste_n which_o be_v but_o ten_o ounce_n in_o the_o hundred_o and_o to_o say_v that_o this_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o mintmaster_n put_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n proportion_n unequal_a proportion_n it_o carry_v not_o any_o proportion_n to_o put_v one_o for_o one_o when_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o standard_n be_v eleven_o to_o one_o but_o you_o reply_v unto_o i_o that_o the_o mintmaster_n be_v to_o bear_v all_o waste_n and_o therefore_o must_v answer_v the_o same_o and_o be_v charge_v in_o account_n for_o it_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o account_n of_o all_o mint_n be_v make_v only_o upon_o the_o fineness_n of_o money_n by_o their_o weight_n and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o otherwise_o use_v in_o england_n until_o this_o day_n only_o all_o account_n be_v take_v upon_o the_o fine_a matter_n only_o and_o if_o the_o warden_n will_v bring_v a_o new_a manner_n of_o account_n than_o ever_o have_v be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o leidger_n book_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o comptroller_n book_n then_o the_o mintmaster_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o every_o thing_n in_o his_o proper_a nature_n silver_n for_o silver_n and_o copper_n for_o copper_n otherwise_o it_o be_v better_o for_o he_o not_o to_o put_v in_o any_o copper_n than_o to_o be_v make_v to_o answer_v silver_n for_o it_o but_o the_o mintmaster_n must_v hold_v as_o well_o his_o allay_n as_o his_o fine_a silver_n keep_v allay_v to_o be_v keep_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n 2._o h._n 6._o ca._n 2._o and_o in_o do_v otherwise_o by_o not_o put_v in_o of_o this_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n the_o money_n will_v be_v too_o fine_a and_o the_o master_n may_v incur_v fine_a and_o ransom_n therefore_o all_o mint-master_n do_v work_v according_a to_o their_o remedy_n and_o they_o do_v bear_v all_o waste_v incident_a and_o casual_a as_o if_o some_o ingot_n be_v falsify_v with_o copper_n within_o as_o have_v be_v find_v at_o the_o mint_n the_o mintmaster_n must_v bear_v the_o adventure_n of_o it_o master_n hazard_v of_o mint_n master_n for_o prince_n will_v be_v at_o a_o certainty_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o mint-master_n may_v commix_v at_o their_o pleasure_n thus_o far_o as_o the_o sixteenth_o article_n of_o the_o indenture_n declare_v that_o every_o pound_n weight_n troy_n shall_v be_v in_o such_o sort_n commix_v and_o melt_v down_o that_o at_o the_o cast_v out_o of_o the_o same_o into_o ingot_n xluj_o the_o indenture_n of_o eliz_n reg._n xluj_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o hold_v eleven_o ounce_n two_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o allay_n every_o pound_n contain_v twelve_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n twenty_o penny_n weight_n and_o every_o penny_n weight_n twenty_o four_o grain_n according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o pound_n weight_n troy_n of_o england_n which_o eleven_o ounce_n two_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o allay_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o troy_n aforesaid_a standard_n the_o old_a right_n â—â—erling_a standard_n be_v the_o old_a right_a standard_n of_o the_o money_n of_o silver_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o commixture_n of_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v be_v do_v according_o so_o that_o it_o be_v find_v so_o at_o the_o cast_v out_o you_o best_o know_v what_o make_v the_o assay_n thereof_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o for_o your_o melt_a book_n where_o the_o allay_n be_v enter_v if_o you_o will_v charge_v the_o mintmaster_n thereby_o let_v it_o be_v do_v distinct_o for_o silver_n and_o copper_n or_o allay_v in_o his_o proper_a nature_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o then_o the_o controversy_n be_v end_v now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o base_a money_n make_v for_o ireland_n i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v not_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n put_v in_o as_o in_o the_o sterling_a standard_n money_n silver_n take_v out_o by_o division_n oâ—_n the_o standard_n of_o base_a money_n but_o there_o be_v two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n by_o computation_n take_v out_o in_o every_o quarter_n of_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n which_o as_o you_o say_v be_v eight_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n why_o shall_v the_o mint-master_n account_v be_v charge_v with_o this_o where_o silver_n by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o proportion_n be_v take_v out_o and_o two_o ounce_n eighteen_o penny_n weight_n be_v take_v for_o three_o ounce_n from_o the_o fire_n as_o the_o indenture_n declare_v shall_v a_o mintmaster_n commix_v and_o melt_v by_o prescription_n or_o suffer_v other_o man_n to_o melt_v it_o for_o he_o and_o yet_o be_v make_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o fineness_n of_o money_n according_a to_o a_o indent_a trial_n piece_n make_v of_o refine_a fine_a silver_n as_o you_o say_v and_o receive_v neither_o silver_n answerable_a in_o fineness_n nor_o the_o quantity_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v allow_v he_o according_a to_o the_o standard_n i_o be_o sure_a that_o in_o the_o make_n of_o these_o money_n copper_n câ—eaâ—_n waist_n of_o copper_n there_o have_v be_v above_o forty_o ounce_n of_o copper_n waste_v in_o one_o hundred_o weight_n of_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o whereby_o the_o bullion_n be_v grow_v fine_a that_o be_v to_o say_v these_o forty_o ounce_n of_o copper_n be_v waste_v have_v leave_v the_o silver_n behind_o wherewith_o they_o be_v commix_v at_o the_o first_o and_o so_o be_v the_o say_v whole_a mass_n or_o bullion_n so_o much_o fine_a and_o rich_a in_o the_o proportion_n which_o arithmetical_a distribution_n do_v demonstrate_v unto_o i_o arithmetical_a demonstration_n arithmetical_a and_o in_o this_o ingot_a of_o course_n silver_n may_v prove_v it_o unto_o you_o let_v we_o suppose_v it_o weigh_v 16_o will_v and_o contain_v 4_o will_v of_o silver_n and_o 12_o will_v of_o copper_n and_o so_o may_v we_o say_v it_o be_v the_o four_o part_n silver_n if_o this_o ingot_a now_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o decrease_v or_o diminish_v 4_o will_v of_o copper_n and_o so_o it_o shall_v weigh_v but_o 12_o will_v and_o therein_o still_o contain_v all_o the_o four_o pound_n in_o silver_n may_v not_o we_o just_o call_v this_o to_o be_v rich_a and_o say_v it_o be_v one_o three_o part_n of_o silver_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o more_o silver_n than_o before_o
occasion_n to_o ask_v he_o pix_n trial_o of_o the_o pix_n whether_o the_o last_o and_o supreme_a trial_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v make_v common_o once_o a_o year_n before_o the_o lord_n at_o the_o star-chamber_n be_v do_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o he_o answer_v i_o it_o be_v and_o withal_o he_o desire_v i_o to_o resolve_v the_o question_n between_o the_o warden_n and_o the_o mintmaster_n concern_v the_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n hide_v from_o report_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v according_a to_o our_o former_a conference_n i_o tell_v he_o that_o according_a to_o the_o issue_n join_v between_o he_o and_o i_o that_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v not_o pocket_v up_o any_o such_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n as_o his_o account_n be_v charge_v withal_o i_o will_v make_v that_o plain_a by_o demonstration_n which_o he_o say_v be_v his_o desire_n whereupon_o i_o frame_v my_o answer_n as_o follow_v money_n four_o assay_n of_o bullion_n and_o money_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n 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for_o one_o ounce_n of_o gold_n wherein_o there_o be_v more_o operation_n than_o most_o man_n do_v imagine_v for_o you_o can_v advance_v or_o enhance_v the_o one_o but_o you_o abate_v and_o diminish_v the_o other_o for_o they_o balance_v upon_o this_o parallel_n and_o whereas_o england_n by_o continuance_n of_o eleven_o to_o one_o have_v be_v a_o great_a loser_n of_o gold_n so_o now_o by_o advance_v the_o same_o not_o only_o to_o twelve_o to_o one_o but_o to_o 13_o ⅕_n for_o one_o there_o have_v follow_v a_o very_a great_a loss_n of_o our_o silver_n which_o be_v over_o much_o abate_v as_o may_v appear_v if_o we_o do_v but_o consider_v that_o the_o french_a crown_n of_o six_o shilling_n be_v answer_v with_o six_o shilling_n in_o silver_n and_o be_v now_o full_a seven_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n and_o our_o six_o shilling_n in_o silver_n be_v the_o very_a same_o for_o twelve_o ounce_n of_o crown_n gold_n of_o twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n at_o 3_o will_v 6_o ss_z make_v 39_o will_v 12_o ss_z and_o 108_o french_a crown_n the_o which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n at_o seven_o shilling_n four_o penny_n make_v also_o 39_o will_v 12_o ss_z hereupon_o to_o equalise_v the_o silver_n unto_o gold_n again_o will_v breed_v a_o general_a inhaunce_n of_o thing_n within_o the_o realm_n for_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o measure_n of_o money_n cause_v the_o denomination_n to_o follow_v in_o number_n to_o make_v up_o the_o tale_n which_o require_v great_a providence_n low-countries_n exchange_n fall_v by_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o gold_n in_o the_o low-countries_n for_o we_o find_v that_o other_o nation_n perceive_v our_o gold_n to_o be_v enhance_v have_v abate_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n according_a to_o which_o the_o price_n of_o commodity_n be_v rule_v so_o that_o the_o same_o go_v at_o thirty_o and_o four_o shilling_n six_o penny_n or_o thirty_o
nevertheless_o to_o accommodate_v and_o for_o remarkable_a reason_n we_o have_v condescend_v and_o tolerate_v that_o the_o follow_a species_n of_o gold_n only_o and_o none_o other_o shall_v be_v issue_v and_o receive_v for_o the_o price_n hereafter_o until_o the_o last_o of_o september_n now_o next_o ensue_v 42_o provide_v always_o that_o all_o sentence_n pronounce_v before_o the_o date_n of_o these_o present_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o any_o money_n according_a to_o the_o permission_n of_o that_o time_n shall_v remain_v and_o be_v maintain_v and_o satisfy_v according_a to_o the_o tenor_n thereof_o without_o that_o by_o the_o say_a valuation_n or_o follow_a toleration_n any_o thing_n to_o the_o contrary_n shall_v be_v innovate_v or_o abolish_v 43_o also_o during_o the_o say_a toleration_n no_o coin_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o land_n or_o heritage_n or_o rent_n upon_o bill_n or_o payment_n upon_o obligation_n until_o januarie_n last_o shall_v be_v draw_v against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o party_n to_o the_o say_a price_n of_o toleration_n but_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v according_a to_o this_o present_a valuation_n 44_o likewise_o the_o say_a bank_n of_o exchange_n shall_v have_v no_o power_n to_o take_v in_o payment_n the_o say_a coin_n at_o high_a price_n nor_o to_o issue_v the_o same_o otherwise_o than_o the_o say_v final_a valuation_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o follow_a toleration_n which_o as_o unnecessary_a be_v here_o omit_v the_o time_n be_v expire_v observation_n concern_v the_o say_a proclamation_n and_o ordinance_n that_o the_o manner_n of_o popular_a government_n in_o their_o proclamation_n placcart_n edict_n and_o ordinance_n do_v much_o differ_v from_o the_o proclamation_n which_o be_v make_v in_o monarchy_n where_o magistrate_n and_o judge_n be_v of_o great_a reputation_n and_o dignity_n according_a to_o their_o royal_a parlement_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1594_o all_o mint_n stand_v still_o for_o one_o whole_a year_n to_o prevent_v the_o inhaunce_n of_o coin_n between_o man_n and_o man_n and_o the_o say_a state_n do_v declare_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o reform_v the_o same_o so_o long_o as_o the_o seventeen_fw-mi netherlands_o be_v divide_v every_o one_o claim_v as_o absolute_a authority_n as_o the_o other_o as_o member_n of_o one_o body_n and_o that_o now_o they_o have_v devise_v a_o course_n to_o make_v their_o proclamation_n effectual_a within_o the_o unite_a province_n to_o their_o great_a benefit_n if_o we_o will_v consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o former_a valuation_n of_o coin_n make_v by_o prince_n and_o merchant_n with_o their_o several_a branch_n which_o by_o policy_n be_v make_v inconstant_a and_o germany_n france_n and_o other_o country_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o take_v any_o course_n in_o their_o money_n answerable_a thereunto_o that_o the_o lion_n doller_n and_o the_o great_a golden_a royal_a of_o the_o say_v unite_v province_n be_v value_v and_o make_v the_o standard_n piece_n of_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n coin_n make_v currant_n by_o this_o proclamation_n and_o that_o all_o other_o coin_n of_o what_o kingdom_n or_o state_n soever_o be_v make_v bullion_n and_o not_o to_o be_v currant_n within_o the_o say_a province_n that_o silver_n coin_n shall_v be_v weigh_v as_o well_o as_o the_o gold_n whereby_o a_o more_o certainty_n may_v be_v make_v in_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o par_fw-fr for_o exchange_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o their_o species_n be_v far_o less_o in_o number_n and_o the_o proportion_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n can_v be_v better_o discern_v yet_o without_o the_o rule_n of_o exchange_n by_o bill_n still_o great_a advantage_n may_v be_v take_v by_o one_o nation_n against_o another_o that_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o proclamation_n be_v to_o set_v their_o mint_n on_o work_n by_o abolish_n all_o the_o several_a coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o all_o kingdom_n not_o value_v or_o make_v currant_n thereby_o state_n the_o coin_v of_o money_n be_v a_o mark_n of_o sovereignty_n so_o that_o the_o melt_a of_o money_n be_v a_o great_a matter_n of_o state_n which_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o former_a declaration_n of_o their_o weight_n and_o finesse_n in_o so_o much_o that_o whereas_o in_o the_o year_n 1586_o when_o the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n go_v over_o to_o take_v the_o government_n of_o those_o country_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n the_o lion_n doller_n make_v now_o to_o be_v the_o standard_n piece_n be_v value_v at_o thirty_o six_o stiver_n and_o the_o english_a shilling_n which_o be_v now_o require_v to_o be_v deliver_v by_o weight_n be_v value_v at_o ten_o stiver_n hundred_o decree_v four_o upon_o the_o hundred_o and_o now_o the_o say_a lion_n doller_n albeit_o decree_v after_o the_o former_a inhancement_n be_v still_o value_v at_o forty_o stiver_n which_o be_v one_o nine_o part_n increase_v according_a to_o which_o the_o english_a shilling_n ought_v to_o be_v increase_v also_o 1_o 9_o part_n which_o for_o 10_o stiver_n will_v be_v 11_o stiver_n and_o 1_o 9_o part_n whereas_o the_o same_o be_v enhance_v but_o to_o ten_o stiver_n &_o one_o half_a and_o no_o more_o the_o difference_n in_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o valuation_n be_v in_o the_o one_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o 35_o of_o their_o shilling_n for_o our_o 20_o shilling_n and_o in_o the_o other_o above_o 37_o shilling_n in_o the_o main_a standard_n coin_n and_o much_o more_o in_o the_o small_a coin_n whereof_o more_o hereafter_o concern_v exchange_n the_o like_a consideration_n be_v to_o be_v have_v for_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n of_o other_o country_n whereby_o authority_n will_v rule_v their_o own_o and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o other_o nation_n but_o by_o equality_n and_o equity_n which_o no_o nâ—tion_n can_v control_v or_o contradict_v wherein_o consider_v we_o likewise_o the_o standard_n piece_n of_o the_o late_a archduke_n albertus_n of_o austria_n for_o the_o unite_a province_n declare_v by_o their_o proclamation_n in_o the_o year_n 1611_o and_o we_o shall_v find_v the_o like_a ground_n and_o foundation_n to_o their_o advantage_n albeit_o they_o seem_v to_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o disorderly_a course_n of_o money_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a policy_n in_o state_n affair_n the_o say_a archduke_n make_v as_o now_o the_o state_n have_v do_v his_o own_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o standard_n piece_n silver_n modern_a and_o ancient_a standard_n oâ—_n gold_n and_o silver_n namely_o the_o double_a ducat_n of_o 23_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n of_o gold_n at_o seven_o guilder_n and_o eighteen_o stivers_n and_o the_o piece_n of_o three_o royal_n at_o fifteen_o stivers_n of_o ten_o ounce_n and_o eighteen_o grain_n fine_a by_o their_o calculation_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n troy_n and_o by_o these_o mean_n there_o be_v a_o new_a foundation_n lay_v down_o for_o money_n in_o the_o say_v seventeen_o low_a province_n where_o heretofore_o they_o always_o have_v the_o philip_n doller_n of_o ten_o ounce_n fine_a and_o the_o emperor_n royal_a of_o gold_n of_o 23_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n fine_a for_o their_o standard_n piece_n qui_fw-la vadit_fw-la plane_n vadit_fw-la sane_fw-la take_v not_o always_o place_n last_o that_o the_o mint_n of_o certain_a lord_n be_v call_v hedge_n mint_n which_o be_v not_o under_o their_o command_n mint_n hedge_n mint_n as_o batenborg_n heall_n bargain_n vianen_n gronswelt_v rechein_n gevarden_n stenwart_n and_o other_o may_v follow_v their_o own_o course_n in_o the_o coin_v of_o money_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o commerce_n alter_v all_o these_o ordinance_n for_o in_o the_o say_a year_n of_o 1586_o all_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n be_v far_o great_a and_o the_o melt_a down_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n her_o coin_n be_v prohibit_v upon_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o good_n yet_o all_o be_v neglect_v and_o come_v into_o disorder_n by_o the_o command_n of_o gain_n which_o be_v take_v away_o by_o a_o true_a course_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o only_a remedy_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n to_o cease_v and_o all_o other_o mean_n be_v fallacy_n and_o to_o be_v abuse_v &c._n &c._n *_o dtridot_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o law_n and_o prohibition_n against_o usury_n many_o be_v the_o author_n which_o have_v write_v against_o usury_n in_o all_o age_n every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o profession_n most_o especial_o the_o divine_n who_o have_v the_o word_n of_o god_n for_o their_o warrant_n wherein_o also_o the_o ancient_a father_n have_v be_v very_o strict_a to_o construe_v the_o same_o according_o usury_n definition_n of_o usury_n make_v any_o thing_n take_v above_o the_o principal_a to_o be_v usury_n because_o the_o very_a word_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n be_v call_v a_o bite_a of_o this_o word_n neshech_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o bite_a as_o
of_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v every_o person_n of_o this_o society_n to_o be_v free_a and_o exempt_v of_o all_o imposition_n tax_n custom_n subsidy_n lend_v of_o money_n any_o manner_n of_o way_n or_o any_o charge_n as_o also_o master_n of_o the_o count_a house_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v permit_v to_o exercise_v any_o traffic_n or_o trade_n particular_a but_o must_v whole_o employ_v themselves_o to_o this_o business_n with_o such_o allowance_n and_o order_n as_o be_v prescribe_v unto_o they_o all_o worldly_a thing_n be_v subject_a to_o mutability_n even_o the_o greatness_n and_o superiority_n of_o prince_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v depose_v for_o a_o time_n and_o afterward_o to_o be_v restore_v again_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o of_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o three_o part_n allot_v unto_o they_o for_o three_o stake_n in_o this_o covenant_n the_o two_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o prince_n until_o he_o be_v restore_v again_o or_o dead_a which_o be_v only_o to_o take_v place_n in_o all_o hereditary_a kingdom_n the_o say_a society_n therefore_o not_o to_o purchase_v any_o land_n for_o the_o generality_n to_o endanger_v prince_n estate_n but_o only_o for_o their_o particular_a as_o occasion_n serve_v model_n or_o medalia_fw-la to_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o say_v hundred_o person_n of_o the_o society_n and_o the_o master_n of_o count_a house_n only_o with_o emendation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o by_o their_o successor_n upon_o true_a register_n and_o acknowledgement_n to_o be_v make_v and_o keep_v thereof_o the_o say_v model_n to_o contain_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o world_n concatenate_v together_o under_o a_o crown_n imperial_a assist_v with_o the_o personage_n of_o prosperity_n honour_n and_o mercy_n environ_v round_o about_o with_o two_o enclose_a hand_n and_o arm_n of_o faith_n and_o credit_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o like_a with_o a_o cross_n and_o inscription_n he_o do_v crown_v his_o own_o work_n in_o us._n all_o which_o person_n shall_v be_v make_v noble_a knight_n of_o this_o order_n according_o with_o certain_a other_o addition_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v convenient_a as_o by_o faith_n and_o credit_n it_o shall_v subsist_v or_o the_o like_a the_o aforesaid_a stock_n and_o credit_n to_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o say_a master_n of_o count_a house_n and_o assistant_n in_o five_o several_a matter_n by_o exchange_n bank_n mount_v of_o charity_n mensa_fw-la argentaria_fw-la and_o house_n of_o vendition_n without_o any_o adventure_n or_o loss_n according_a to_o a_o instruction_n show_v the_o benefit_n and_o commodiousness_n which_o will_v arise_v thereby_o unto_o all_o estate_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o honour_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o rich_a relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o welfare_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o general_a have_v some_o gratuity_n bestow_v upon_o they_o the_o private_a person_n with_o who_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a party_n be_v to_o covenant_n be_v to_o be_v general_a master_n of_o all_o the_o count_a house_n and_o only_o to_o keep_v a_o general_a book_n of_o account_n without_o any_o administration_n of_o the_o stock_n or_o to_o meddle_v in_o any_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n but_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n with_o a_o large_a allowance_n of_o charge_n expense_n have_v and_o to_o be_v have_v for_o to_o entertain_v all_o the_o party_n and_o correspondency_n which_o may_v resort_v to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o habitation_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o must_v be_v provide_v of_o a_o stately_a house_n with_o all_o convenient_a thing_n necessary_a and_o many_o servant_n messenger_n and_o post_n with_o the_o gain_n of_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n that_o he_o do_v furnish_v by_o many_o allowance_n and_o other_o mean_n to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o the_o party_n according_a to_o a_o particular_a agreement_n wherein_o the_o unite_a low_a province_n be_v name_v the_o chief_a place_n or_o rendezvous_n of_o this_o negotiation_n or_o intend_a contract_n whereunto_o diverse_a country_n have_v condescend_v the_o author_n of_o this_o project_n under_o the_o say_a private_a name_n do_v desire_n for_o the_o advancement_n hereof_o permission_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o safgarde_n to_o be_v protect_v from_o all_o injury_n and_o to_o repair_v all_o damage_n which_o may_v be_v do_v unto_o they_o in_o hostile_a or_o peaceable_a manner_n freedom_n of_o all_o tax_n and_o assurance_n for_o their_o person_n and_o good_n according_a to_o a_o instruction_n to_o which_o end_n the_o master_n general_a of_o the_o say_v count_v house_n if_o breach_n be_v make_v by_o any_o one_o of_o the_o party_n in_o any_o article_n of_o this_o covenant_n be_v to_o receive_v the_o complaint_n and_o to_o consult_v with_o his_o counsel_n of_o assistance_n and_o so_o to_o give_v notice_n thereof_o unto_o the_o next_o neighbour_n prince_n or_o state_n of_o this_o society_n to_o see_v the_o same_o redress_v or_o amend_v if_o that_o prince_n do_v deny_v to_o be_v aid_v or_o be_v forgetful_a therein_o he_o shall_v be_v accessary_a and_o judge_v as_o guilty_a as_o the_o first_o offendor_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o first_o offendor_n for_o the_o time_n shall_v be_v he_o and_o the_o society_n may_v remove_v their_o count_a house_n or_o change_v they_o into_o correspondency_n if_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n shall_v also_o prove_v to_o be_v negligent_a and_o without_o respect_n have_v to_o their_o private_a gain_n abandon_v so_o good_a a_o action_n lose_v their_o title_n or_o revenue_n violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n wherewith_o no_o doubt_n most_o prince_n shall_v find_v themselves_o aggrieve_v and_o these_o prince_n or_o person_n transgressor_n will_v find_v the_o worse_o and_o endanger_v their_o estate_n to_o their_o great_a dishonour_n through_o all_o the_o world_n and_o disturbance_n of_o other_o neighbour_n prince_n for_o the_o better_a advancement_n hereof_o there_o be_v a_o place_n reserve_v for_o reward_n of_o two_o unknown_a person_n which_o by_o their_o industry_n labour_n and_o science_n shall_v be_v think_v worthy_a thereof_o one_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o it_o this_o princely_a contract_n require_v a_o serious_a consideration_n the_o stock_n or_o capital_a be_v 2_o ½_n million_o or_o 2500_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a or_o ten_o million_o flemish_a which_o increase_v by_o nine_o hundred_o correspondency_n will_v make_v the_o stock_n to_o be_v twenty_o and_o five_o million_o oâ—_n one_o hundred_o million_o flemish_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o through_o all_o the_o world_n there_o lie_v so_o much_o money_n dead_a without_o any_o use_n or_o employment_n the_o calculation_n of_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n double_v yearly_a so_o that_o he_o who_o by_o gift_n employ_v one_o hundred_o pound_n be_v to_o have_v for_o it_o one_o hundred_o pound_n yearly_a for_o ever_o and_o this_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v get_v by_o five_o several_a mean_n viz._n by_o cambium_n bank_n mons_fw-la pietatis_fw-la mâ—nsa_fw-la argentaria_n and_o domus_fw-la commutationis_fw-la whereof_o you_o may_v find_v the_o particular_n in_o this_o book_n the_o proceed_n of_o this_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n have_v be_v interrupt_v by_o monsieur_n olden_n barnevelt_fw-mi late_o execute_v at_o the_o hague_n in_o holland_n the_o sequel_n hereof_o time_n will_v discover_v and_o we_o may_v say_v with_o the_o poet_n quid_fw-la non_fw-la mortalia_fw-la pectora_fw-la cogunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n chap._n xviii_o of_o money_n deliver_v upon_o life_n annuity_n and_o pension_n have_v entreat_v of_o money_n deliver_v at_o interest_n without_o casualty_n and_o so_o term_v usury_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o contract_n of_o benefit_n without_o adventure_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o handle_v of_o money_n deliver_v upon_o life_n when_o merchant_n 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with_o his_o factor_n admit_v a_o certain_a rate_n between_o he_o and_o the_o say_a factor_n according_a to_o which_o he_o rate_v all_o the_o parcel_n of_o account_n be_v it_o for_o commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v or_o money_n pay_v and_o take_v up_o again_o by_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o more_o labour_n but_o more_o exact_o do_v otherwise_o it_o bring_v some_o alteration_n in_o account_n as_o for_o example_n exchange_n difference_n in_o the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n this_o merchant_n factor_n at_o hamborough_n do_v remain_v debtor_n upon_o the_o account_n one_o hundred_o and_o eight_o pound_n which_o be_v according_a to_o twenty_o six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n for_o the_o pound_n sterling_a this_o money_n he_o make_v over_o by_o exchange_n but_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o give_v twenty_o seven_o shilling_n for_o the_o pound_n which_o do_v differ_v four_o penny_n lup_n in_o the_o pound_n sterling_a so_o that_o for_o this_o difference_n you_o must_v make_v another_o parcel_n charge_v the_o account_n of_o profit_n and_o loss_n with_o this_o loss_n and_o make_v your_o factor_n creditor_n for_o it_o whereas_o in_o the_o general_a account_n of_o exchange_n all_o be_v bring_v over_o in_o one_o parcel_n but_o herein_o every_o man_n may_v follow_v his_o pleasure_n another_o objection_n be_v make_v how_o shall_v a_o man_n do_v that_o have_v no_o stock_n objection_n objection_n or_o little_a or_o nothing_o to_o begin_v the_o world_n as_o diverse_a man_n that_o from_o nothing_o come_v to_o a_o exceed_a great_a wealth_n what_o book_n of_o account_n can_v they_o keep_v by_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n the_o answer_n be_v manifest_a all_o be_v ground_v upon_o trust_n answer_n answer_n if_o any_o man_n will_v sell_v you_o commodity_n payable_a at_o long_a day_n of_o payment_n and_o you_o sell_v they_o and_o pay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o you_o can_v make_v he_o creditor_n for_o the_o same_o and_o the_o commodity_n debtor_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o any_o man_n lend_v money_n unto_o you_o to_o trade_v withal_o so_o that_o you_o may_v perceive_v that_o this_o be_v a_o excellent_a invention_n and_o a_o most_o commodious_a course_n to_o know_v thing_n ready_o the_o banker_n therefore_o that_o deal_n for_o million_o of_o pound_n banker_n the_o keep_n of_o account_n by_o the_o banker_n and_o make_v great_a payment_n continual_o by_o assignation_n do_v sum_n up_o every_o ten_o parcel_n and_o post_v they_o over_o to_o a_o new_a account_n because_o they_o know_v at_o all_o hour_n whether_o a_o man_n be_v debtor_n or_o creditor_n unto_o they_o if_o the_o treasure_n of_o prince_n be_v dispose_v by_o this_o manner_n of_o account_n they_o shall_v receive_v many_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n first_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o want_n as_o they_o common_o be_v creditor_n prince_n account_n to_o be_v keep_v by_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n but_o make_v their_o treasure_n go_v further_o in_o payment_n because_o they_o may_v know_v at_o all_o time_n where_o to_o find_v their_o own_o and_o what_o be_v owe_v unto_o they_o second_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v deceive_v as_o they_o be_v by_o their_o auditor_n account_n by_o way_n of_o charge_n and_o discharge_v make_v sometime_o many_o year_n after_o when_o common_o officer_n be_v much_o indebt_v unto_o they_o and_o yet_o call_v for_o money_n continual_o which_o afterward_o before_o the_o account_n make_v be_v consume_v by_o extraordinary_a allowance_n which_o be_v easy_o procure_v when_o their_o money_n be_v out_o of_o their_o coffer_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o matter_n they_o may_v pay_v that_o with_o one_o penny_n which_o now_o do_v cost_v they_o three_o penny_n whereof_o the_o late_a war_n in_o ireland_n give_v we_o a_o sufficient_a instance_n last_o the_o charge_n and_o expense_n of_o officer_n will_v be_v much_o diminish_v and_o prince_n will_v content_v their_o
to_o be_v invective_n and_o pathetical_a against_o banker_n wherein_o they_o be_v not_o mistake_v commonweal_n bank_n be_v incompatible_a in_o commonweal_n for_o the_o use_n of_o bank_n unless_o they_o be_v countermine_v by_o other_o bank_n be_v not_o to_o be_v suffer_v in_o any_o well_o order_v commonwealth_n as_o time_n will_v manifest_v more_o and_o more_o the_o french_a king_n lewis_n the_o nine_o and_o philip_n the_o fair_a do_v with_o great_a cause_n confiscate_v the_o banker_n good_n and_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o their_o debt_n order_v their_o subject_n to_o pay_v only_o the_o principal_a money_n into_o their_o treasury_n philip_n de_fw-fr valois_fw-fr do_v the_o like_a and_o indict_v they_o as_o cousener_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n rep._n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep._n with_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a they_o have_v accumulate_v and_o get_v above_o two_o million_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n other_o 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world_n where_o any_o exchange_n lie_v to_o gain_v and_o wax_v rich_a and_o never_o meddle_v with_o any_o prince_n commodity_n to_o buy_v any_o prince_n commodity_n and_o never_o bring_v penny_n or_o pennieworth_n into_o the_o realm_n but_o do_v it_o with_o the_o subject_n money_n to_o grow_v rich_a and_o live_v without_o adventure_n at_o the_o sea_n or_o travail_n to_o do_v great_a feat_n have_v credit_n and_o yet_o to_o be_v nought_o worth_a to_o understand_v whether_o in_o conjecture_v their_o money_n employ_v on_o exchange_n or_o buy_v of_o ware_n will_v be_v more_o profit_n to_o know_v certain_o whether_o and_o what_o the_o merchant_n gain_n upon_o their_o ware_n they_o sell_v and_o buy_v to_o live_v and_o increase_v upon_o every_o prince_n subject_n that_o continual_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o whether_o they_o gain_v or_o no._n ☞_o to_o wind_n out_o every_o prince_n treasure_n out_o of_o his_o realm_n who_o subject_n bring_v in_o more_o ware_n than_o they_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n to_o make_v the_o staple_n of_o money_n run_v thither_o where_o the_o rich_a prince_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v and_o pay_v for_o it_o to_o unfurnish_v the_o poor_a prince_n of_o his_o provision_n of_o money_n that_o keep_v his_o ware_n upon_o interest_n money_n if_o the_o enemy_n will_v seek_v it_o to_o furnish_v their_o need_n of_o money_n that_o tarry_v the_o sell_n of_o their_o ware_n in_o any_o contract_n until_o they_o make_v they_o come_v to_o their_o price_n to_o take_v up_o money_n to_o engross_v any_o commodity_n either_o new_a come_v or_o whereof_o they_o have_v some_o store_n to_o bring_v the_o whole_a trade_n of_o that_o commodity_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n to_o sell_v both_o at_o their_o pleasure_n for_o the_o advance_v of_o one_o commonwealth_n above_o all_o other_o commonweal_n to_o hide_v their_o carry_v away_o of_o any_o prince_n money_n to_o fetch_v away_o any_o prince_n fine_a money_n with_o his_o own_o or_o any_o other_o prince_n base_a money_n to_o take_v up_o prince_n base_a money_n and_o to_o turn_v into_o his_o fine_a money_n and_o to_o pay_v the_o deliverer_n with_o his_o own_o and_o gain_v too_o to_o get_v upon_o credit_n into_o their_o hand_n for_o a_o time_n all_o the_o merchant_n money_n that_o will_v be_v deliver_v and_o pay_v they_o with_o their_o own_o and_o gain_v too_o ☞_o ☞_o to_o make_v the_o realm_n gain_v of_o all_o other_o realm_n who_o subject_n live_v most_o by_o their_o own_o commodity_n and_o sell_v yearly_a the_o overplus_n into_o the_o world_n and_o both_o occupy_v that_o increase_n yearly_a and_o also_o their_o old_a store_n of_o treasure_n upon_o exchange_n to_o undo_v realm_n and_o prince_n that_o look_v not_o to_o their_o commonwealth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o the_o merchant_n wealth_n in_o such_o and_o the_o great_a house_n of_o one_o country_n conspire_v together_o so_o to_o rule_v the_o exchange_n that_o when_o they_o will_v be_v deliverer_n they_o will_v receive_v 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as_o the_o money_n that_o buy_v they_o be_v then_o at_o by_o exchange_n in_o the_o country_n whither_o they_o be_v carry_v for_o the_o better_a explanation_n of_o the_o premise_n let_v we_o remember_v the_o description_n of_o a_o bank_n heretofore_o declare_v limit_v payment_n in_o bank_n limit_v and_o therein_o observe_v that_o great_a power_n and_o command_v which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o incorporate_a money_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o exchange_n make_v it_o to_o become_v a_o merchandise_n and_o to_o over-rule_v the_o course_n of_o commodity_n some_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v by_o a_o indifferent_a course_n because_o the_o banker_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o principal_a place_n as_o lion_n in_o france_n madrill_n and_o other_o place_n in_o spain_n florence_n and_o genoa_n in_o italy_n bizanson_n and_o other_o place_n elsewhere_o have_v a_o meeting_n and_o by_o certain_a ticket_n in_o write_v every_o man_n do_v deliver_v his_o opinion_n what_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n ought_v to_o be_v for_o all_o place_n then_o exchange_v for_o the_o next_o fair_a or_o time_n of_o payment_n and_o according_a to_o the_o same_o the_o calculation_n be_v cast_v up_o by_o the_o medium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v medium_fw-la exchange_n cast_v up_o by_o the_o medium_fw-la if_o there_o be_v seven_o or_o more_o voice_n or_o ticket_n the_o say_v seven_o be_v add_v together_o and_o the_o seven_o part_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la if_o there_o be_v ten_o than_o the_o same_o be_v cast_v up_o the_o ten_o part_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la and_o so_o for_o great_a or_o lesser_a number_n according_o but_o these_o man_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o banker_n observation_n for_o they_o all_o know_v how_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n lie_v by_o exchange_n and_o they_o concur_v in_o make_v
which_o they_o do_v affect_v plato_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n in_o state_n matter_n that_o prince_n do_v not_o only_o give_v law_n unto_o their_o subject_n but_o also_o by_o their_o example_n they_o do_v change_v the_o manner_n of_o man_n man_n the_o example_n of_o prince_n do_v change_v the_o manner_n of_o man_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o do_v use_v the_o example_n of_o their_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o who_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n cause_v his_o hair_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o wherein_o the_o people_n do_v present_o imitate_v he_o we_o have_v see_v say_v he_o three_o great_a prince_n strive_v as_o it_o be_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o most_o learned_a man_n and_o best_a artificer_n namely_o the_o say_v great_a king_n francis_n the_o first_o henry_n the_o 8_o king_n of_o england_n and_o pope_n paul_n the_o three_o insomuch_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n can_v never_o have_v the_o learned_a and_o reverend_a beda_n and_o the_o french_a king_n do_v pay_v seventie_o two_o thousand_o crown_n for_o a_o diamond_n rather_o than_o king_n henry_n shall_v have_v have_v it_o hereupon_o present_o the_o people_n do_v give_v themselves_o to_o study_v and_o to_o buy_v precious_a stone_n when_o the_o nobility_n do_v imitate_v the_o king_n and_o when_o the_o king_n give_v over_o the_o same_o the_o price_n of_o they_o be_v much_o abate_v if_o any_o man_n shall_v here_o object_v say_v monsieur_n bodin_n that_o if_o thing_n shall_v still_o become_v dear_a partly_o through_o the_o waste_n and_o partly_o for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o live_v because_o of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v true_a but_o the_o war_n and_o calamity_n happen_v to_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v stay_v the_o course_n of_o it_o as_o we_o may_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v live_v with_o scarcity_n and_o to_o speak_v proper_o in_o want_n and_o misery_n almost_o five_o hundred_o year_n when_o they_o have_v but_o copper_n money_n of_o a_o pound_n weight_n weight_n copper_n money_n of_o one_o pound_n weight_n and_o without_o stamp_n for_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n come_v unto_o they_o in_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o the_o scipion_n paul_n emilyus_fw-la marius_n sylla_n lucullus_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n especial_o by_o the_o two_o last_o for_o pompey_n do_v conquer_v so_o much_o land_n roman_n great_a wealth_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o make_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o be_v eight_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o crown_n caesar_n notwithstanding_o all_o his_o prodigality_n bring_v to_o the_o treasury_n forty_o million_o of_o crown_n have_v give_v at_o one_o time_n unto_o paul_n consul_n 900_o thousand_o crown_n to_o hold_v silence_n and_o unto_o curion_n tribune_n 1500_o thousand_o crown_n to_o take_v his_o part_n mark_v anthony_n go_v further_o as_o plutarch_n and_o appian_n have_v write_v for_o 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dearth_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n he_o show_v how_o monsieur_n malestroit_n have_v mistake_v the_o matter_n in_o the_o money_n themselves_o make_v within_o three_o hundred_o year_n for_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o saint_n lewis_n cause_v the_o first_o sol_n to_o be_v coin_a worth_a twelve_o denier_n whereof_o sixty_o four_o piece_n go_v to_o the_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n and_o that_o in_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n his_o time_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce_n without_o number_n and_o as_o good_a as_o the_o crown_n now_o be_v value_v but_o at_o twenty_o sol_n and_o that_o afterwards_o king_n john_n cause_v the_o frankes_n to_o be_v make_v of_o sine_fw-la gold_n which_o be_v but_o value_v twenty_o sol_n and_o that_o the_o sol_n of_o silver_n be_v worth_a five_o of_o our_o sol_n he_o do_v not_o say_v of_o what_o weight_n and_o fineness_n the_o money_n be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o in_o conclusion_n he_o say_v that_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n be_v not_o alter_v by_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n but_o if_o mounseur_fw-fr bodine_n according_a to_o his_o wisdom_n and_o deep_a judgement_n in_o other_o matter_n have_v due_o consider_v of_o these_o two_o paradox_n he_o will_v have_v make_v a_o direct_a answer_n thereunto_o before_o he_o will_v have_v proceed_v in_o his_o former_a discourse_n the_o first_o paradox_n be_v consider_v with_o the_o second_o will_v show_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n or_o contrariety_n paradox_n the_o contratierie_a of_o the_o paradox_n for_o the_o first_o do_v consist_v in_o give_v of_o more_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o commodity_n now_o than_o in_o time_n past_a which_o he_o deni_v and_o the_o second_o in_o receive_v less_o commodity_n for_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n now_o than_o in_o time_n past_a which_o he_o affirm_v which_o both_o way_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o nature_n of_o commutation_n now_o if_o we_o do_v not_o give_v more_o quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o 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valuation_n etc._n cause_n of_o the_o denomination_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o all_o three_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n do_v alter_v only_o by_o denomination_n if_o the_o valuation_n be_v make_v according_o yet_o mounseur_fw-fr bodine_n have_v not_o make_v a_o good_a interpretation_n of_o the_o say_a paradox_n and_o mistake_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n touch_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n which_o he_o compare_v within_o themselves_o in_o the_o realm_n of_o france_n whereas_o the_o comparison_n ought_v to_o be_v of_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o one_o country_n with_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o other_o country_n and_o thereby_o find_v out_o whether_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a with_o we_o or_o with_o they_o in_o effect_n so_o that_o they_o both_o mistake_v their_o ground_n we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o say_a treatise_n that_o they_o have_v lose_v ariadne_n her_o line_n wherewith_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o money_n and_o their_o property_n before_o declare_v be_v like_a unto_o a_o man_n who_o have_v lose_v his_o way_n among_o the_o wood_n the_o further_o he_o go_v the_o more_o he_o err_v from_o the_o right_a way_n to_o entreat_v therefore_o of_o commodity_n and_o money_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n between_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o they_o must_v be_v regard_v as_o the_o principal_a and_o overrule_a part_n thereof_o for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v frame_v a_o silogisme_n in_o manner_n follow_v he_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o full_a of_o fallacy_n and_o misprision_n nay_o a_o very_a dilemma_n nothing_o cause_v merchant_n to_o export_v more_o money_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n than_o they_o bring_v
purpose_n as_o by_o the_o grant_n appear_v this_o licence_n they_o in_o short_a time_n pervert_v to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o ancient_a course_n of_o the_o staple_n whereby_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o realm_n great_o decline_v and_o the_o king_n custom_n decrease_v so_o that_o from_o 160_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a pay_v out_o of_o the_o staple_n the_o custom_n come_v short_a of_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n becket_n the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n these_o new_a merchant_n term_v themselves_o the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o direction_n under_o the_o great_a scale_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o prohibit_v from_o do_v any_o act_n that_o may_v prejudice_n the_o staple_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v until_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o then_o there_o be_v another_o great_a complaint_n in_o parliament_n against_o the_o say_a fraternity_n for_o decay_v of_o trade_n and_o a_o very_a strict_a law_n make_v against_o they_o with_o especial_a order_n that_o they_o shall_v admit_v any_o of_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n into_o their_o society_n pay_v unto_o they_o ten_o mark_n which_o under_o pretence_n of_o some_o privilege_n have_v be_v interrupt_v and_o especial_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o highness_n happy_a reign_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o controversy_n for_o the_o dress_n and_o die_v of_o cloth_n nevertheless_o in_o all_o their_o grant_n exception_n be_v make_v that_o the_o stapler_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudice_v which_o in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o parliament_n will_v be_v find_v most_o necessary_a to_o be_v unite_v again_o to_o make_v a_o free_a trade_n under_o government_n 8_o the_o exportation_n of_o the_o material_n for_o cloth_n as_o wool_n fuller_n earth_n woolfell_n and_o woodash_n be_v prohibit_v late_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n with_o good_a order_n for_o the_o execution_n thereof_o according_a as_o heretofore_o be_v do_v by_o the_o corrector_n of_o the_o staple_n for_o other_o commodity_n 9_o touch_v the_o war_n of_o christendom_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o have_v also_o great_a war_n in_o his_o time_n with_o france_n and_o in_o ireland_n and_o nevertheless_o he_o do_v receive_v a_o very_a great_a assistance_n by_o subsidy_n of_o fifty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n export_v for_o and_o during_o the_o time_n of_o six_o year_n which_o amount_v to_o 1500_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n when_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v value_v but_o at_o twenty_o penny_n which_o will_v now_o amount_v to_o four_o million_o and_o a_o half_a 10_o and_o last_o the_o immoderate_a use_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o constable_n of_o the_o staple_n have_v in_o consideration_n for_o they_o have_v always_o a_o especial_a care_n to_o the_o enrich_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o the_o king_n do_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o when_o the_o say_a king_n become_v forgetful_a therein_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n want_v chaffer_v ware_n and_o necessary_a provision_n the_o parliament_n do_v absolute_o deny_v to_o give_v he_o any_o subsidy_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o chronicle_n of_o grafton_n in_o the_o one_o and_o fifty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n so_o that_o by_o the_o premise_n thing_n have_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n consider_v of_o when_o least_o disorder_n in_o trade_n appear_v a_o conclusion_n to_o the_o judicious_a reader_n the_o trivial_a vice_n of_o envy_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o wickedness_n and_o account_v to_o sit_v in_o a_o imaginary_a theatre_n her_o palace_n be_v a_o dim_a and_o hollow_a vault_n wherein_o she_o wax_v pale_a and_o wan_a as_o have_v the_o consumption_n of_o the_o liver_n look_v a_o squint_a as_o bear_v under_o saturn_n never_o rest_v as_o though_o she_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o ixâ—ns_n wheel_n engender_v and_o hatch_v by_o the_o ugly_a megara_n of_o hell_n that_o feed_v and_o cram_v her_o gorge_n with_o dragon_n and_o foam_v out_o again_o deadly_a poison_n this_o unce_n have_v send_v forth_o triple_a head_a cerberus_n under_o the_o shadow_n of_o zoilus_n momus_n and_o mastix_fw-la satyy_n three_o envious_a satyy_n to_o perform_v her_o intend_a tragedy_n but_o zoylus_n remember_v that_o his_o rail_a commentary_n present_v by_o he_o to_o ptolemy_n king_n of_o egypt_n and_o his_o presumption_n to_o be_v better_o learn_v than_o homer_n do_v work_v his_o overthrow_n go_v by_o with_o silence_n and_o shake_v his_o head_n seem_v to_o be_v discontent_v and_o under_o hand_n he_o do_v instigate_v momus_n and_o mastix_fw-la to_o follow_v their_o envious_a humour_n whereupon_o momus_n with_o his_o carp_a eye_n dim_v with_o passion_n have_v cursory_o read_v over_o this_o book_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v a_o great_a politician_n or_o statist_n and_o find_v fault_n that_o many_o thing_n therein_o contain_v which_o he_o term_v mystery_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v especial_o such_o as_o may_v concern_v prince_n in_o their_o revenue_n or_o secret_n of_o their_o mint_n unto_o he_o therefore_o i_o frame_v this_o answer_n confess_v and_o avoid_v that_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o ancient_a monarchy_n empire_n and_o commonweal_n hold_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o revenue_n in_o such_o reverence_n and_o secret_a that_o none_o but_o the_o officer_n which_o have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o be_v make_v privy_a of_o they_o as_o be_v sacred_a thing_n not_o fit_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v take_v notice_n thereof_o which_o be_v true_o observe_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o commonweal_n of_o the_o grecian_n but_o as_o time_n produce_v variety_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n do_v change_v breed_v corruption_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n so_o be_v it_o find_v that_o by_o this_o secrecy_n officer_n be_v both_o embolden_v and_o enable_v to_o deceive_v the_o prince_n thereby_o and_o the_o people_n will_v pretend_v ignorance_n to_o giâ—e_v unto_o they_o their_o due_n whereupon_o the_o senator_n of_o rome_n by_o mature_a deliberation_n do_v ordain_v that_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o the_o revenue_n of_o their_o treasure_n and_o the_o dependence_n thereupon_o shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v not_o only_o unto_o the_o people_n but_o unto_o stranger_n also_o which_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n cause_v to_o beobserue_v and_o other_o emperor_n succeed_v he_o as_o appeareth_z by_o the_o code_n and_o other_o book_n which_o the_o french_a king_n have_v imitate_v ever_o since_o willing_a and_o command_v that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v know_v of_o every_o one_o yea_o even_o of_o the_o mere_a stranger_n of_o other_o country_n so_o that_o this_o objection_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n especial_o this_o book_n be_v moderate_a in_o the_o handle_n thereof_o now_o mastix_fw-la ride_v a_o false_a gallop_n on_o a_o hackney_n horse_n be_v full_o freight_v of_o conceit_n come_v to_o town_n and_o make_v two_o exception_n to_o the_o method_n and_o content_n of_o the_o book_n first_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o term_n of_o art_n by_o divide_v of_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n next_o he_o will_v not_o have_v merchant_n secret_n lay_v open_a or_o their_o trade_n divulge_v to_o the_o first_o concern_v the_o be_v essence_n or_o existence_n of_o thing_n he_o will_v make_v no_o difference_n between_o natural_a thing_n and_o thing_n artificial_a and_o so_o there_o be_v but_o two_o essential_a part_n of_o materia_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la albeit_o that_o some_o philosopher_n have_v establish_v three_o beginning_n of_o natural_a thing_n matter_n form_n and_o deprivation_n the_o matter_n have_v no_o other_o office_n or_o function_n but_o the_o change_n from_o one_o form_n into_o another_o deprivation_n give_v a_o inclination_n thereunto_o for_o deprivation_n be_v a_o imperfection_n so_o conjoin_v to_o the_o matter_n that_o without_o she_o if_o she_o be_v separate_v nothing_o will_v be_v engender_v and_o therefore_o in_o heaven_n there_o be_v no_o deprivation_n and_o consequent_o no_o generation_n ne_o corruption_n the_o form_n therefore_o give_v perfection_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o be_v also_o and_o without_o her_o the_o matter_n be_v more_o imperfect_a than_o the_o eye_n be_v without_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v or_o the_o ear_n without_o hear_v but_o in_o artificial_o the_o be_v have_v her_o part_n as_o traffic_n have_v three_o namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n so_o other_o thing_n may_v consist_v of_o more_o be_v or_o simples_n wherein_o the_o term_n of_o art_n be_v not_o exclude_v neither_o can_v they_o avoid_v mastix_fw-la his_fw-la envy_n to_o the_o second_o the_o whole_a content_n of_o this_o book_n manife_v to_o all_o judicious_a merchant_n how_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n be_v of_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v to_o maintain_v equity_n and_o justice_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a secret_n of_o any_o merchant_n trade_n reveal_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o man_n or_o nation_n in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o be_v much_o please_v with_o it_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o advance_v the_o good_a and_o to_o banish_v the_o evil_a observe_v that_o virtue_n make_v a_o stranger_n grow_v natural_a in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o the_o vicious_a become_v a_o mere_a stranger_n in_o his_o own_o native_a soil_n let_v virtue_n therefore_o enjoy_v her_o freedom_n and_o possess_v her_o privilege_n by_o the_o right_n of_o law_n and_o all_o the_o people_n shall_v flourish_v with_o equity_n justice_n shall_v maintain_v peace_n peace_n shall_v procure_v security_n security_n shall_v nourish_v wealth_n and_o wealth_n felicity_n no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v dismay_v at_o his_o small_a talent_n or_o to_o grudge_v at_o another_o great_a prosperity_n for_o without_o doubt_n nature_n have_v by_o her_o secret_a motion_n deny_v none_o some_o perfect_a quality_n to_o supply_v that_o want_n which_o in_o himself_o breed_v discontent_a or_o mislike_n for_o even_o as_o the_o fish_n have_v no_o ear_n have_v a_o most_o clear_a sight_n so_o though_o want_n of_o dignity_n be_v a_o disgrace_n to_o some_o though_o want_v of_o coin_n discontent_n diverse_a and_o though_o lack_v of_o wealth_n impair_v the_o credit_n of_o many_o yet_o nature_n have_v supply_v that_o outward_a ornament_n with_o such_o a_o internal_a reward_n as_o a_o loyal_a and_o love_a heart_n notwithstanding_o many_o hard_a measure_n will_v with_o constancy_n spend_v all_o his_o time_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v thereunto_o employ_v this_o work_n thus_o at_o length_n happy_o conclude_v and_o commend_v to_o the_o kind_a acceptation_n of_o all_o gentle_a and_o well_o dispose_v mind_n be_v not_o compile_v to_o please_v the_o vain_a appetite_n of_o some_o man_n according_a to_o their_o nice_a opinion_n but_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judicial_a and_o affable_a judgement_n of_o this_o age_n to_o who_o i_o shall_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o my_o day_n always_o be_v ready_a to_o supply_v any_o thing_n which_o in_o the_o next_o impression_n may_v be_v desire_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o will_v measure_v it_o by_o the_o just_a desert_n and_o censure_v thereof_o as_o their_o own_o kind_a nature_n have_v ever_o be_v accustom_v soli_fw-la deo_fw-la gloria_fw-la finis_fw-la
and_o rechange_n for_o it_o after_o a_o great_a rate_n and_o nevertheless_o they_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v pepper_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n at_o a_o certain_a rate_n agree_v upon_o between_o they_o fleet._n money_n payable_a at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o fleet._n or_o else_o in_o ready_a money_n payable_a also_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o say_a west-indies_n fleet_n albeit_o they_o do_v not_o bear_v the_o adventure_n of_o the_o silver_n bullion_n or_o royal_n of_o eight_o rather_o admit_v a_o clause_n that_o if_o the_o treasure_n do_v miscarry_v they_o shall_v have_v their_o money_n repay_v within_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o interest_n of_o 7_o ê‘_n 100_o unless_o it_o be_v they_o agree_v for_o the_o pepper_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n for_o many_o year_n to_o be_v take_v at_o a_o reasonable_a price_n they_o bear_v the_o adventure_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o lord_n foulker_n of_o germany_n do_v contract_n in_o the_o year_n 1592._o with_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n whereby_o they_o become_v loser_n by_o the_o take_n of_o the_o great_a carrack_n the_o mother_n of_o god_n at_o the_o sea_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v now_o because_o in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n we_o have_v speak_v of_o a_o bank_n and_o the_o payment_n of_o banker_n it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o entreat_v thereof_o before_o any_o further_o proceed_v to_o the_o end_n this_o matter_n may_v be_v understand_v of_o every_o merchant_n and_o other_o chap._n xx._n of_o bank_n and_o banker_n a_o bank_n be_v proper_o a_o collection_n of_o all_o the_o ready_a money_n of_o some_o kingdom_n bank_n the_o description_n of_o a_o bank_n commonwealth_n or_o province_n as_o also_o of_o a_o particular_a city_n or_o town_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o person_n license_v and_o establish_v thereunto_o by_o public_a authority_n of_o some_o king_n prince_z or_o commonwealth_n erect_v with_o great_a solemnity_n in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o city_n commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n with_o a_o intimation_n thereof_o make_v diverse_a time_n to_o be_v upon_o such_o a_o day_n in_o the_o open_a market_n place_n where_o a_o scaffold_n be_v purposely_o erect_v with_o a_o ostentation_n of_o great_a store_n of_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n suppose_v to_o belong_v to_o these_o person_n or_o banker_n so_o establish_v which_o be_v unto_o they_o a_o attractive_a power_n to_o persuade_v and_o allure_v the_o common_a people_n to_o bring_v their_o money_n into_o these_o banker_n hand_n where_o at_o all_o time_n they_o may_v command_v it_o and_o have_v it_o again_o at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n with_o allow_v they_o only_o a_o small_a matter_n of_o five_o upon_o every_o thousand_o ducat_n or_o crown_n when_o any_o man_n will_v retire_v or_o draw_v his_o money_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n again_o which_o although_o it_o be_v but_o in_o twenty_o year_n yet_o during_o all_o that_o time_n they_o be_v to_o have_v no_o more_o so_o that_o these_o person_n or_o banker_n do_v become_v as_o it_o be_v the_o general_a servant_n or_o cashier_v of_o that_o province_n city_n or_o commonwealth_n these_o banker_n as_o they_o have_v their_o company_n factor_n or_o correspondence_n in_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o trade_n in_o europe_n so_o must_v they_o also_o keep_v account_n with_o every_o man_n of_o who_o they_o have_v receive_v any_o money_n into_o their_o bank_n out_o of_o which_o number_n no_o man_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n be_v almost_o exempt_v but_o general_o all_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o please_v they_o and_o to_o bring_v their_o ready_a money_n into_o their_o bank_n as_o also_o such_o money_n as_o they_o have_v in_o foreign_a part_n in_o regard_v whereof_o these_o banker_n do_v give_v they_o great_a credit_n for_o if_o any_o man_n have_v occasion_n to_o bestow_v in_o merchandise_n or_o to_o pay_v in_o money_n 3_o or_o four_o thousand_o ducat_n and_o have_v but_o one_o thousand_o ducat_n in_o the_o bank_n the_o banker_n will_v pay_v it_o for_o he_o more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o party_n be_v well_o know_v or_o credit_v without_o take_v any_o gain_n for_o it_o although_o it_o be_v for_o 3_o 4_o 6_o or_o more_o month_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a commodity_n as_o no_o doubt_n it_o be_v to_o man_n in_o particular_a but_o be_v well_o consider_v of_o it_o will_v be_v find_v a_o small_a friendship_n and_o no_o more_o in_o effect_n than_o if_o a_o man_n do_v participate_v the_o light_n of_o his_o candle_n to_o another_o man_n candle_n for_o what_o be_v this_o credit_n or_o what_o be_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o bank_n but_o almost_o or_o rather_o altogether_o imaginary_a as_o for_o example_n payment_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o banker_n payment_n peter_n have_v two_o thousand_o ducat_n in_o bank_n john_n have_v three_o thousand_o and_o william_n four_o thousand_o and_o so_o consequent_o other_o more_z or_o less_o peter_n have_v occasion_n to_o pay_v unto_o john_n one_o thousand_o ducat_n he_o go_v to_o the_o banker_n at_o the_o appoint_a hour_n which_o be_v certain_a both_o in_o the_o forenoon_n and_o afternoon_n and_o require_v they_o to_o pay_v one_o thousand_o ducat_n unto_o john_n whereupon_o they_o present_o make_v peter_n debtor_n for_o one_o thousand_o ducat_n and_o john_n creditor_n for_o the_o same_o sum_n so_o that_o peter_n have_v assign_v unto_o john_n one_o thousand_o ducat_n have_v now_o no_o more_o but_o one_o thousand_o ducat_n in_o bank_n where_o he_o have_v two_o thousand_o before_o and_o john_n have_v four_o thousand_o ducat_n in_o the_o same_o bank_n where_o he_o have_v but_o three_o thousand_o before_o and_o so_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o assignation_n john_n do_v pay_v unto_o william_n and_o william_n unto_o other_o without_o that_o any_o money_n be_v touch_v but_o remain_v still_o in_o the_o banker_n hand_n which_o within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o bank_n amount_v unto_o many_o million_o and_o by_o their_o industry_n they_o do_v incorporate_v the_o same_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v if_o we_o do_v but_o consider_v what_o the_o ready_a money_n and_o wealth_n of_o london_n will_v come_v unto_o if_o it_o be_v gather_v into_o one_o man_n hand_n much_o more_o if_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o riches_n of_o other_o country_n be_v add_v thereunto_o as_o these_o banker_n can_v cunning_o compass_v by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n for_o money_n the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v whereof_o be_v cause_v by_o their_o motion_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o in_o our_o treatise_n of_o exchange_n be_v declare_v but_o some_o will_v say_v or_o demand_v can_v a_o man_n have_v any_o ready_a money_n out_o of_o the_o banker_n hand_n if_o he_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v it_o yes_o that_o he_o can_v but_o before_o he_o have_v it_o they_o will_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o know_v for_o what_o purpose_n he_o demand_v the_o same_o or_o what_o he_o will_v do_v with_o it_o if_o it_o be_v to_o pay_v any_o man_n withal_o they_o will_v always_o do_v that_o for_o he_o as_o have_v account_n almost_o with_o all_o man_n for_o he_o be_v account_v to_o be_v of_o no_o credit_n that_o have_v not_o any_o money_n in_o bank_n if_o he_o do_v demand_v it_o for_o to_o make_v over_o by_o exchange_n in_o some_o other_o country_n they_o will_v also_o serve_v his_o turn_n in_o give_v he_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o any_o place_n wheresoever_o because_o they_o have_v their_o company_n or_o correspondence_n in_o every_o place_n if_o he_o do_v demand_v it_o for_o his_o charge_n and_o expense_n it_o will_v be_v pay_v he_o forthwith_o because_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a sum_n and_o in_o the_o end_n the_o money_n come_v into_o their_o hand_n again_o if_o they_o pay_v out_o money_n to_o any_o man_n that_o have_v money_n in_o bank_n will_v bestow_v the_o same_o in_o purchase_n of_o land_n they_o will_v still_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o have_v it_o again_o in_o bank_n one_o way_n or_o other_o at_o the_o 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