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any_o other_o way_n unless_o by_o violence_n and_o force_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n speak_v of_o those_o who_o be_v against_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n at_o that_o time_n that_o there_o be_v some_o but_o those_o neither_o considerable_a for_o quality_n or_o virtue_n who_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o diminution_n to_o the_o king_n authority_n to_o talk_v of_o assemble_v the_o estate_n and_o no_o less_o than_o treason_n against_o he_o but_o it_o be_v they_o themselves_o who_o commit_v that_o crime_n against_o god_n the_o king_n and_o their_o country_n and_o those_o who_o use_v these_o expression_n be_v such_o as_o be_v in_o authority_n without_o desert_n unfit_a for_o any_o thing_n but_o flattery_n whisper_v trifle_n and_o story_n into_o the_o ear_n of_o their_o master_n which_o make_v they_o apprehensive_a of_o these_o assembly_n lest_o they_o shall_v take_v cognizance_n of_o they_o and_o their_o manner_n but_o i_o suppose_v 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any_o reservation_n or_o restriction_n and_o as_o for_o the_o last_o clause_n where_o the_o king_n swear_v to_o observe_v and_o protect_v justas_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la which_o he_o translate_v upright_a law_n and_o custom_n this_o word_n justas_fw-la in_o this_o place_n be_v not_o put_v restrictive_o as_o any_o man_n may_v see_v that_o consider_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n but_o only_o by_o way_n of_o epithet_n suppose_v that_o the_o people_n will_v not_o choose_v any_o law_n to_o be_v observe_v but_o those_o that_o be_v just_a and_o upright_o but_o the_o author_n omit_v here_o quas_fw-la populus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la as_o a_o sentence_n that_o do_v not_o at_o all_o please_v he_o though_o it_o be_v in_o all_o the_o copy_n of_o the_o old_a coronation_n oath_n of_o our_o king_n and_o he_o may_v as_o well_o deny_v that_o they_o take_v any_o other_o clause_n as_o this_o yet_o since_o the_o author_n himself_o give_v we_o a_o interpretation_n of_o these_o word_n in_o 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shall_v not_o signify_v such_o law_n which_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v already_o choose_v and_o establish_v but_o only_o those_o which_o the_o people_n have_v choose_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n perhaps_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o richard_n ii_o to_o abolish_v all_o evil_a unjust_a law_n that_o be_v evil_a vulgar_a custom_n and_o to_o abolish_v they_o whenever_o they_o shall_v be_v offer_v he_o by_o bill_n but_o i_o do_v not_o read_v that_o any_o king_n or_o queen_n since_o richard_n ii_o take_v that_o clause_n he_o mention_n and_o perhaps_o king_n richard_n take_v it_o in_o the_o author_n sense_n and_o find_v such_o interpreter_n to_o his_o mind_n and_o that_o make_v he_o prove_v such_o a_o king_n as_o he_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o destroy_v all_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o this_o nation_n burn_v and_o cancel_v the_o record_n of_o parliament_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o if_o it_o be_v true_a which_o he_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o affirm_v that_o the_o law_n of_o of_o england_n be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o his_o head_n or_o his_o breast_n but_o the_o author_n though_o he_o grant_v for_o it_o be_v undutiful_a to_o contradict_v so_o wise_a a_o king_n as_o king_n james_n that_o a_o king_n govern_v in_o a_o settle_a kingdom_n leave_v to_o be_v a_o king_n and_o degenerate_v into_o a_o tyrant_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o seem_v to_o rule_v contrary_a to_o his_o law_n yet_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n have_v this_o king_n count_v a_o tyrant_n but_o i_o will_v not_o trouble_v myself_o about_o trifle_n much_o less_o maintain_v that_o the_o lord_n or_o commons_o have_v any_o authority_n to_o use_v king_n richard_n as_o they_o do_v since_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n that_o any_o power_n shall_v judge_v that_o on_o which_o it_o depend_v and_o who_o die_v that_o be_v immediate_o dissolve_v since_o our_o king_n have_v ever_o be_v trust_v with_o the_o prerogative_n of_o call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n and_o certain_o they_o can_v never_o be_v suppose_v to_o let_v they_o sit_v to_o depose_v themselves_o and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v bracton_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 8._o si_fw-mi autem_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la petatur_fw-la cum_fw-la breve_fw-la non_fw-la currat_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la locus_fw-la erit_fw-la supplicationi_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la suum_fw-la corrigat_fw-la &_o emendat_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la fecerit_fw-la satis_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ei_fw-la ad_fw-la paenam_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la expectet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la but_o to_o return_v where_o we_o leave_v off_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n yet_o this_o author_n be_v so_o good_a a_o casuist_n that_o he_o can_v as_o easy_o absolve_v their_o conscience_n as_o the_o pope_n himself_o for_o say_v he_o 97._o patriarch_n p._n 97._o no_o man_n can_v think_v it_o reason_n that_o king_n shall_v be_v more_o bind_v by_o their_o voluntary_a oath_n then_o common_a person_n be_v by_o they_o now_o if_o aprivate_a man_n make_v a_o contract_n either_o with_o or_o without_o a_o oath_n he_o be_v no_o far_o bind_v then_o the_o equity_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o contract_n tie_v he_o for_o a_o man_n may_v have_v relief_n against_o a_o unreasonable_a and_o unjust_a promise_n if_o either_o deceit_n or_o error_n or_o force_n or_o fear_v induce_v he_o thereunto_o or_o if_o it_o be_v hurtful_a or_o grievous_a in_o the_o performance_n and_o since_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n give_v the_o king_n a_o prerogative_n above_o common_a person_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o he_o shall_v be_v deny_v that_o privilege_n which_o the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n do_v enjoy_v i_o know_v not_o to_o what_o end_n the_o author_n write_v this_o paragrph_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o when_o when_o king_n take_v their_o coronation_n oath_n they_o do_v it_o not_o free_o but_o only_o be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o bishop_n or_o overawe_v by_o the_o great_a lord_n that_o they_o do_v not_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v and_o so_o be_v mere_o choose_v or_o fright_v into_o it_o by_o fraud_n or_o force_n a_o very_a fine_a excuse_n for_o a_o prince_n for_o so_o solemn_a a_o action_n and_o which_o he_o have_v have_v time_n enough_o to_o consider_v of_o and_o advise_v with_o his_o own_o conscience_n whether_o he_o may_v take_v it_o or_o no_o that_o he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v induce_v by_o fear_n or_o force_n who_o be_v a_o lawful_a king_n before_o and_o only_o use_v this_o ceremony_n to_o let_v his_o subject_n see_v the_o reality_n of_o his_o intention_n towards_o they_o and_o that_o nothing_o shall_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o break_v his_o oath_n which_o he_o have_v make_v before_o god_n that_o he_o will_v preserve_v those_o law_n and_o right_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o he_o do_v not_o grant_v but_o find_v they_o in_o possession_n of_o but_o as_o for_o this_o relief_n against_o a_o unreasonable_a or_o unjust_a promise_n as_o the_o author_n term_v it_o if_o by_o those_o word_n he_o mean_v a_o promise_n or_o grant_v that_o may_v tend_v to_o some_o damage_n or_o inconvenience_n of_o the_o promiser_n or_o grantor_n to_o some_o right_a or_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o grantor_n may_v have_v enjoy_v have_v it_o not_o be_v grant_v away_o either_o by_o his_o ancestor_n or_o himself_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v full_a and_o perfect_a or_o the_o grant_v not_o obtain_v either_o by_o fear_n force_n or_o fraud_n all_o civilian_n and_o divine_n hold_v that_o the_o promiser_n or_o grantor_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o promise_n and_o can_v take_v away_o the_o thing_n grant_v though_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n so_o to_o do_v for_o david_n make_v it_o part_n of_o the_o character_n of_o the_o upright_a man_n 4._o psal_n xv._o 4._o and_o who_o shall_v dwell_v in_o god_n tabernacle_n that_o swear_v to_o his_o own_o hurt_n and_o change_v not_o but_o our_o author_n have_v find_v a_o way_n to_o set_v all_o man_n loose_v from_o their_o oath_n or_o contract_n if_o they_o be_v any_o thing_n grievous_a or_o hurtful_a in_o the_o performance_n that_o be_v if_o the_o promiser_n or_o grantor_n think_v it_o so_o and_o king_n must_v have_v at_o least_o as_o much_o and_o in_o most_o case_n a_o great_a prerogative_n than_o common_a person_n '_o it_o be_v a_o thousand_o pity_n this_o author_n be_v not_o confessor_n to_o king_n h._n iii_o he_o may_v then_o have_v save_v he_o the_o send_n to_o rome_n for_o a_o dispensation_n of_o his_o oath_n for_o the_o observance_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la which_o he_o have_v make_v before_o in_o parliament_n at_o oxford_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la 21._o and_o teach_v he_o and_o all_o prince_n else_o a_o near_a way_n to_o be_v free_v from_o their_o coronation_n oath_n if_o ever_o they_o find_v they_o uneafie_a
the_o people_n may_v not_o be_v easy_o know_v though_o not_o gather_v by_o vote_n or_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v various_a and_o erroneous_a in_o these_o case_n fr_n the_o people_n though_o they_o do_v not_o argue_v so_o subtle_o as_o our_o author_n do_v yet_o in_o their_o sense_n of_o feel_v when_o wrong_v or_o hurt_v be_v seldom_o mistake_v then_o our_o author_n be_v angry_a that_o mr._n h._n will_v have_v a_o appeal_v make_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n that_o be_v make_v that_o the_o fundamental_a law_n must_v judge_n and_o pronounce_v sentence_n in_o every_o man_n own_o conscience_n here_o he_o will_v fain_o learn_v of_o mr._n h._n or_o any_o other_o for_o he_o what_o a_o fundamental_a law_n be_v or_o else_o have_v but_o one_o law_n name_v to_o he_o that_o any_o man_n shall_v say_v be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o monarchy_n well_o to_o do_v the_o author_n friend_n a_o pleasure_n since_o he_o be_v dead_a himself_o i_o will_v name_v one_o that_o he_o 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a_o estate_n shall_v rather_o escheat_n then_o ascend_v to_o the_o father_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o he_o can_v only_o proceed_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n for_o certain_o have_v we_o not_o be_v use_v to_o they_o we_o shall_v scarce_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v reasonable_a but_o it_o be_v in_o nothing_o more_o visible_a then_o in_o those_o tenor_n which_o the_o modern_a civilian_n call_v feudat_fw-la which_o l._n ca._n 3._o §_o 23._o grotius_n tell_v we_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v but_o among_o the_o german_n and_o those_o nation_n derive_v from_o they_o as_o both_o our_o saxon_n and_o angles_n be_v 40._o tacit._n de_fw-fr mor._n ger._n cap._n 40._o so_o likewise_o that_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o order_v all_o public_a affair_n in_o general_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o man_n of_o note_n and_o those_o that_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o land_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la rebus_fw-la principes_fw-la consultant_fw-la de_fw-la majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la ex_fw-la qnoque_fw-la quorum_fw-la penes_fw-la plebem_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la principes_fw-la praetractantur_fw-la in_o this_o great_a council_n they_o try_v offender_n in_o capital_a crime_n 12._o id._n cap._n 12._o licet_fw-la apud_fw-la concilium_fw-la accusare_fw-la queque_fw-la &_o discrimen_fw-la capitis_fw-la intendere_fw-la nor_o be_v the_o power_n of_o their_o king_n or_o prince_n absolute_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o passage_n in_o the_o same_o author_n 7_o id._n cap._n 7_o nec_fw-la regibus_fw-la infinita_fw-la aut_fw-la libera_fw-la potestas_fw-la etc._n etc._n speak_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o hold_v these_o public_a council_n after_o silence_n command_v by_o the_o priest_n mox_fw-la rex_fw-la 11._o id._n cap._n 11._o vel_fw-la princeps_fw-la prout_fw-la aetas_fw-la cuique_fw-la prout_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la prout_fw-la decus_fw-la bellorum_fw-la prout_fw-la facundia_fw-la est_fw-la audiuntur_fw-la autoritate_fw-la suadendi_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la jubendi_fw-la and_o though_o our_o first_o saxon_n king_n may_v have_v more_o confer_v on_o they_o then_o this_o yet_o it_o be_v altogether_o improbable_a that_o heng_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o prince_n who_o erect_v a_o heptarchy_n in_o this_o island_n come_v hither_o not_o as_o monarch_n over_o subject_n but_o as_o leader_n of_o volunteer_n who_o go_v to_o seek_v a_o new_a country_n shall_v be_v so_o fond_a of_o a_o government_n they_o never_o know_v as_o to_o give_v these_o their_o genneral_n a_o absolute_a despetick_a power_n over_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n which_o they_o never_o have_v in_o their_o own_o country_n and_o by_o which_o liberty_n they_o have_v so_o long_o defend_v it_o against_o the_o utmost_a effect_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n therefore_o say_v the_o same_o author_n ne_o parthi_a quidem_fw-la sepius_fw-la admonuere_fw-la 37._o id._n cap._n 37._o quip_n regno_fw-la arsacis_fw-la acrior_fw-la est_fw-la germanorum_n libertas_n the_o sense_n of_o which_o be_v the_o parthian_n themselves_o have_v not_o often_o rebuke_v we_o for_o the_o german-liberty_n be_v hard_a to_o be_v deal_v with_o then_o the_o monarchy_n of_o arsaces_n 117._o pat._n p._n 116_o 117._o and_o as_o for_o the_o antiquity_n and_o usefulness_n of_o these_o great_a council_n the_o author_n himself_o have_v confess_v enough_o for_o our_o purpose_n though_o he_o will_v not_o have_v our_o parliament_n ancient_a than_o about_o '_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n because_o until_o those_o day_n we_o can_v hear_v it_o be_v entire_o unite_v into_o one_o kingdom_n but_o it_o be_v either_o divide_v into_o several_a kingdom_n or_o govern_v by_o several_a law_n as_o when_o julius_n caesar_n land_a he_o find_v four_o king_n in_o kent_n the_o saxon_n divide_v we_o into_o seven_o kingdom_n and_o when_o they_o be_v unite_v into_o a_o monarchy_n they_o have_v the_o dane_n for_o their_o companion_n or_o master_n in_o the_o empire_n till_o edward_n the_o
confessor_n day_n since_o who_o time_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v remain_v as_o it_o do_v in_o which_o passage_n the_o author_n have_v discover_v either_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ignorance_n or_o inadvertency_n in_o the_o history_n and_o government_n of_o his_o country_n for_o first_o he_o confess_v that_o the_o english_a saxon_n have_v a_o meeting_n which_o they_o call_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o wife_n term_v in_o latin_a conventus_fw-la magnatum_fw-la or_o praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la procerumque_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la collectorum_fw-la or_o in_o general_a magnum_n or_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o which_o meeting_n may_v in_o a_o general_a sense_n be_v term_v parliament_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v there_o can_v be_v any_o parliament_n assemble_v of_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v we_o before_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o until_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n i_o know_v not_o but_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n egbert_n who_o be_v reckon_v the_o first_o monarch_n the_o great_a council_n or_o wittena_n gemore_n consist_v of_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o the_o west-saxon-kindom_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o england_n have_v not_o their_o representative_n there_o it_o be_v because_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o their_o tributary_n prince_n or_o king_n who_o govern_v subordinate_o to_o this_o monarch_n until_o the_o come_n of_o the_o dane_n thus_o the_o west-angle_n have_v their_o particular_a king_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ethelwolf_n st._n edmund_n the_o last_o king_n be_v conquer_a by_o the_o dane_n so_o likewise_o have_v the_o mercian_n their_o king_n beorce_v their_o last_o king_n be_v drive_v out_o by_o the_o same_o invader_n about_o the_o same_o time_n and_o after_o the_o kingdom_n be_v at_o peace_n again_o and_o the_o dane_n in_o great_a part_n subdue_v or_o quiet_a king_n alfred_n reconquering_a the_o mercian-kingdom_n give_v it_o in_o marriage_n to_o a_o saxon_a nobleman_n call_v etheldred_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n elsteda_n who_o be_v long_o after_o her_o husband_n death_n lady_n or_o queen_n of_o the_o mercian_n 857._o rerum_fw-la anglick_n scriptores_fw-la post_fw-la bedam_fw-la ed_n fra._n p._n 857._o yet_o do_v these_o feudatory_a prince_n always_o appear_v and_o make_v a_o part_n in_o the_o wittena_n gemore_n or_o great_a council_n of_o the_o monarch_n thus_o we_o may_v find_v in_o jugulphus_n that_o withlafe_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n make_v a_o promise_n of_o the_o land_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n which_o he_o after_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n in_o prisentia_n dominorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la egberti_fw-la regis_fw-la westo-saxoniae_a &_o athelwolwafij_fw-la silij_fw-la ejus_fw-la coram_fw-la pontificibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_fw-la civitate_fw-la lundini_fw-la ubi_fw-la omnes_fw-la congregati_fw-la sumas_fw-la pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la capiendo_fw-la contra_fw-la danicos_fw-la pyratat_fw-la littora_fw-la angliae_fw-la infestantes_fw-la which_o certain_o be_v a_o great_a council_n and_o that_o these_o king_n be_v tributary_n to_o the_o west_n saxon_a monarch_n the_o same_o author_n tell_v a_o little_a further_o that_o bertulph_n brother_n of_o witlafe_n succeed_v his_o nephew_n wimund_n 861._o id._n p._n 860_o 861._o and_o be_v tributary_n to_o athelwolf_n king_n of_o west_n saxony_n and_o by_o his_o charter_n confirm_v the_o same_o land_n and_o liberty_n to_o the_o say_a monastery_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o this_o be_v do_v and_o confirm_v unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la totius_fw-la praesentis_fw-la concilij_fw-la hic_fw-la apud_fw-la kingsbury_n anno_fw-la incar_fw-la domini_fw-la 881._o etc._n etc._n pro_fw-la regni_fw-la negotis_fw-la congregati_fw-la and_o be_v thus_o subscribe_v ego_fw-la olflac_n pincerna_fw-la &_o legatus_fw-la domini_fw-la mei_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelwolf_n &_o filiorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la nomine_fw-la illorum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la westsaxonum_fw-la istum_fw-la chirographum_fw-la regis_fw-la bertulphi_n plurimum_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la ego_fw-la bertulphus_n rex_fw-la mericorum_fw-la palam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la prelatis_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la which_o show_v we_o that_o beside_o the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n these_o mercian_n tributary_n king_n have_v a_o particular_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o their_o own_o kingdom_n without_o who_o consent_n as_o also_o of_o their_o paramount_n monarch_n they_o can_v not_o part_v with_o the_o land_n and_o royalty_n belong_v to_o their_o crown_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o author_n beorced_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 868_o confirm_v his_o charter_n to_o the_o same_o monastery_n at_o snotringham_n coram_fw-la fratribus_fw-la &_o amiciss_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la meo_fw-la in_o obsidione_fw-la paganorum_fw-la congregatis_fw-la to_o which_o likewise_o his_o supreme_a monarch_n elthr_v king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n give_v his_o consent_n and_o subscribe_v after_o the_o bishop_n the_o like_a form_n we_o find_v in_o the_o pass_n of_o all_o the_o other_o charter_n to_o this_o monastery_n quote_v by_o the_o say_a author_n which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n then_o reign_v &_o in_o praesentia_fw-la archiepiscop_n episcop_n procerum_fw-la or_o optimatum_fw-la regni_fw-la collectorum_fw-la and_o before_o the_o kingdom_n come_v to_o be_v unite_v under_o one_o supreme_a king_n or_o monarch_n there_o be_v also_o one_o great_a council_n or_o synod_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n where_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o powerful_a king_n or_o monarch_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n preside_v and_o in_o which_o they_o make_v their_o general_a ecclesiastical_a canon_n and_o also_o civil_a law_n that_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o england_n and_o to_o which_o person_n that_o have_v be_v grieve_v or_o wrong_v by_o their_o particular_a king_n appeal_v and_o be_v right_v and_o to_o this_o general_a wittena_n gemote_a that_o ancient_a writer_n will._n malmsbuny_n speak_v of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n and_o law_n of_o england_n say_v be_v make_v per_fw-la generalem_fw-la senatum_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la conventum_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la therefore_o we_o find_v the_o first_o synod_n or_o council_n of_o clovesho_n 747._o anno_fw-la christ._n 747._o call_v by_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n who_o be_v then_o chief_a king_n or_o monarch_n as_o they_o call_v he_o of_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o at_o which_o be_v present_v the_o say_a king_n with_o all_o his_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n pontific_a malm._n de_fw-fr gest_n pontific_a as_o also_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o island_n but_o it_o more_o plain_o appear_v in_o the_o second_o council_n hold_v at_o the_o same_o place_n call_v by_o beornulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n who_o preside_v therein_o 332._o spelman_n council_n p._n 332._o you_o will_v find_v one_o of_o the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v be_v to_o inquire_v whether_o any_o person_n have_v be_v unjust_o deal_v with_o or_o unjust_o spoil_v or_o oppress_v whereupon_o wulfred_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n complain_v of_o the_o violence_n and_o avarice_n of_o kenwulf_n late_a king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n which_o beingful_o prove_v the_o say_a council_n order_v kenedrith_n the_o abbess_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_a king_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o say_a archbishop_n which_o be_v do_v according_o out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o say_a king_n see_v it_o at_o large_a in_o spelman_n council_n and_o mr._n somner_n that_o learned_a antiquary_n in_o his_o glossary_n to_o the_o decem_fw-la scriptores_fw-la be_v clear_o of_o opinion_n 393._o spelman_n council_n pag._n 393._o that_o this_o be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o parliament_n 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certain_a revenue_n appoint_v for_o this_o end_n of_o which_o burden_n if_o you_o be_v afterward_o a_o weary_a you_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o depose_v he_o again_o since_o he_o obtain_v the_o kingdom_n by_o your_o choice_n and_o consent_n and_o so_o can_v be_v take_v from_o he_o so_o that_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o place_n do_v not_o at_o all_o serve_v to_o patronize_v evil_a prince_n so_o neither_o that_o there_o be_v here_o any_o limit_a power_n confer_v by_o god_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o constant_a and_o unalterable_a precept_n and_o of_o which_o no_o constitution_n can_v diminish_v any_o part_n since_o here_o only_a the_o necessary_a charge_n and_o burden_n as_o well_o of_o a_o absolute_a as_o of_o a_o limit_a royalty_n be_v describe_v therefore_o it_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o will_n of_o a_o free_a people_n whether_o they_o will_v have_v a_o absolute_a power_n or_o will_v deliver_v it_o with_o certain_a law_n so_o that_o those_o law_n contain_v nothing_o that_o 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use_n of_o for_o this_o end_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o will_n and_o discretion_n but_o a_o special_a promise_n and_o in_o which_o both_o the_o method_n and_o mean_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o administer_a the_o government_n be_v particular_o express_v seem_v to_o have_v a_o twofold_a power_n for_o one_o only_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o king_n but_o the_o other_o make_v the_o obedience_n of_o the_o subject_n depend_v upon_o its_o performance_n as_o upon_o a_o express_a condition_n a_o promise_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v thus_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v swear_v for_o example_n that_o he_o will_v not_o bestow_v any_o office_n of_o trust_n on_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o man_n that_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v any_o privilege_n to_o any_o which_o shall_v redound_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o that_o he_o will_v make_v no_o new_a law_n or_o impose_v new_a tax_n or_o custom_n or_o will_v not_o use_v foreign_a soldier_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o if_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a council_n or_o assembly_n coustitute_v which_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o consult_v whether_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n require_v he_o shall_v depart_v from_o those_o engagement_n for_o there_o be_v still_o in_o all_o of_o they_o that_o tacit_a exception_n still_o understand_v unless_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o supreme_a law_n in_o all_o such_o engagement_n require_v otherwise_o and_o which_o council_n by_o its_o own_o right_a and_o not_o precarious_o can_v take_v cognizance_n of_o those_o affair_n and_o without_o who_o consent_n the_o subject_n can_v be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v the_o king_n command_n in_o such_o matter_n here_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v restrain_v to_o certain_a law_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v act_v otherwise_o unless_o in_o case_n of_o great_a necessity_n he_o be_v without_o doubt_n guilty_a of_o the_o breach_n of_o his_o oath_n yet_o there_o do_v not_o therefore_o belong_v any_o power_n to_o the_o subject_a to_o deny_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n command_n or_o of_o make_v those_o action_n void_a for_o if_o the_o king_n do_v say_v that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n or_o some_o remarkable_a advantage_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n require_v he_o to_o break_v his_o promise_n as_o that_o presumption_n always_o aught_o to_o go_v along_o with_o the_o king_n action_n the_o subject_n in_o this_o case_n have_v not_o any_o thing_n to_o reply_v because_o they_o have_v no_o faculty_n of_o take_v cognizance_n of_o those_o action_n whether_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n require_v they_o or_o not_o from_o which_o this_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o do_v not_o take_v a_o sufficient_a caution_n if_o they_o will_v allow_v their_o king_n but_o a_o limit_a power_n and_o yet_o have_v not_o constitute_v some_o great_a council_n without_o who_o consent_n those_o action_n except_v can_v be_v exercise_v or_o unless_o there_o lie_v upon_o the_o king_n a_o necessity_n of_o call_v the_o estate_n whenever_o he_o deliberate_v upon_o the_o exercise_n of_o those_o legislative_a power_n for_o that_o be_v better_a than_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o king_n to_o consult_v some_o council_n consist_v only_o of_o some_o few_o of_o his_o subject_n since_o it_o may_v easy_o happen_v that_o the_o private_a advantage_n of_o those_o few_o may_v differ_v from_o the_o public_a good_a and_o likewise_o they_o for_o their_o own_o private_a interest_n may_v not_o agree_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v true_o beneficial_a for_o their_o prince_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n be_v more_o close_o restrain_v if_o it_o be_v express_o agree_v between_o the_o king_n and_o people_n upon_o the_o confer_v the_o supreme_a power_n upon_o he_o or_o his_o ancestor_n that_o he_o shall_v administer_v it_o according_a to_o certain_a fundamental_a law_n and_o concern_v those_o matter_n which_o he_o have_v not_o absolute_a power_n to_o dispose_v of_o that_o he_o leave_v they_o to_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o people_n or_o nobility_n neither_o may_v decree_v any_o thing_n in_o those_o matter_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v do_v otherwise_o that_o the_o subject_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v his_o command_n in_o such_o thing_n neither_o yet_o be_v the_o supreme_a power_n render_v defective_a by_o such_o fundamental_a constitution_n for_o all_o the_o act_n of_o supreme_a power_n may_v be_v exercise_v in_o such_o a_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o absolute_a one_o unless_o that_o in_o the_o one_o the_o king_n use_v his_o own_o judgement_n alone_o as_o decisive_a but_o in_o the_o other_o there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o concomitant_a cognizance_n remain_v in_o the_o great_a council_n upon_o which_o power_n of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n it_o do_v not_o radical_o but_o as_o it_o be_v conditional_o depend_v &_o sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la neither_o be_v there_o in_o such_o a_o commonwealth_n two_o distinct_a will_n forall_a thing_n which_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v it_o will_v they_o by_o the_o king_n will_v alone_o although_o it_o may_v happen_v form_n that_o limitation_n that_o certain_a condition_n not_o be_v observe_v the_o king_n can_v legal_o will_v some_o thing_n and_o so_o will_v they_o in_o vain_a but_o neither_o do_v the_o king_n cease_v to_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o such_o a_o kingdom_n or_o that_o this_o council_n be_v therefore_o above_o the_o king_n for_o these_o be_v no_o true_a consequence_n that_o because_o this_o person_n can_v do_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o humour_n therefore_o he_o have_v not_o supreme_a power_n i_o be_o not_o oblige_v to_o obey_v this_o man_n in_o all_o thing_n therefore_o i_o be_o his_o superior_a or_o equal_a and_o these_o be_v likewise_o very_o different_a i_o be_o bind_v to_o perform_v what_o this_o man_n
please_v because_o i_o have_v oblige_v myself_o to_o it_o by_o compact_n and_o i_o be_o oblige_v to_o follow_v this_o man_n will_n because_o he_o can_v enjoin_v i_o thus_o by_o his_o supreme_a authority_n but_o supreme_a and_o absolute_a be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o that_o denote_v the_o absense_n of_o a_o superior_a or_o a_o equal_a in_o the_o same_o order_n or_o degree_n but_o this_o a_o faculty_n of_o exercise_v any_o right_n by_o a_o man_n be_v own_o judgement_n and_o will_n but_o what_o if_o there_o be_v add_v a_o commissary_n clause_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v do_v otherwise_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o kingdom_n as_o the_o arogonians_n of_o old_a after_o the_o king_n have_v swear_v to_o their_o privilege_n do_v promise_v he_o obedience_n in_o this_o manner_n 12._o with_fw-mi hotomani_fw-la frarcogallia_fw-la c._n 12._o we_o who_o be_v of_o as_o great_a power_n as_o thou_o do_v create_v thou_o our_o king_n and_o lord_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o thou_o observe_v our_o law_n and_o privilege_n if_o otherwise_o not_o here_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o absolute_a king_n can_v be_v he_o to_o who_o the_o kingdom_n be_v thus_o commit_v under_o a_o commissary_n clause_n or_o condition_n but_o that_o this_o king_n may_v have_v for_o all_o this_o a_o regal_a power_n though_o limit_v i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o although_o we_o grant_v a_o temporary_a authority_n can_v be_v acknowledge_v for_o supreme_a because_o it_o depend_v upon_o a_o potestative_a condition_n and_o which_o can_v never_o be_v in_o the_o prince_n power_n yet_o a_o king_n of_o this_o sort_n abovementioned_a be_v not_o therefore_o subject_a to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n with_o who_o the_o cognizance_n be_v whether_o he_o keep_v his_o oath_n or_o not_o for_o beside_o that_o such_o a_o commissary_n clause_n be_v wont_a to_o comprehend_v only_o such_o plain_a thing_n which_o be_v evident_a to_o any_o man_n sense_n and_o so_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o dispute_v so_o that_o this_o power_n of_o take_v cognizance_n do_v not_o at_o all_o suppose_v any_o jurisdiction_n by_o which_o the_o action_n of_o the_o king_n as_o a_o subject_a may_v be_v judge_v but_o be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o bare_a declaration_n whereby_o any_o man_n take_v notice_n that_o his_o manifest_a right_n be_v violate_v by_o another_o see_v grotius_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o §_o 16._o and_o baecler_n upon_o he_o who_o be_v both_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n grotius_n indeed_o in_o the_o same_o place_n speak_v more_o obscure_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o the_o promise_n of_o king_n do_v either_o fall_n upon_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o act_n or_o also_o direct_o upon_o the_o very_a power_n of_o it_o if_o he_o act_v contrary_a to_o promise_n of_o the_o former_a sort_n the_o act_n may_v be_v call_v unjust_a and_o yet_o be_v valid_a if_o against_o those_o of_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v also_o void_a as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v sometime_o a_o king_n promise_v not_o to_o use_v part_n of_o his_o supreme_a authority_n but_o after_o ascertain_v manner_n and_o sometime_o he_o plain_o renounce_v some_o part_n thereof_o concern_v which_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v first_o that_o also_o some_o act_n may_v be_v void_a which_o be_v perform_v contrary_a to_o a_o obligation_n of_o the_o former_a sort_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o king_n swear_v not_o to_o impose_v any_o tax_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o estate_n i_o suppose_v that_o such_o tax_n which_o the_o king_n shall_v levy_v by_o his_o own_o will_v alone_o to_o bevoid_a second_o that_o in_o the_o latter_a form_n the_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v divide_v but_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o limit_a kingdom_n may_v more_o thorough_o be_v understand_v it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o affair_n which_o occur_v in_o govern_v a_o commonwealth_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n for_o of_o some_o of_o they_o it_o may_v be_v agree_v beforehand_o because_o whenever_o they_o happen_v they_o be_v still_o but_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o of_o other_o a_o certain_a judgement_n can_v be_v make_v but_o at_o the_o time_n present_a whether_o they_o be_v beneficial_a to_o the_o public_a or_o not_o for_o that_o those_o circumstance_n which_o accompany_v they_o can_v be_v forseen_v yet_o concern_v both_o that_o people_n may_v provide_v that_o he_o to_o who_o they_o have_v commit_v this_o limit_a kingdom_n shall_v not_o depart_v from_o the_o common_a good_a in_o the_o former_a whilst_o it_o prescribe_v perpetual_a law_n or_o condition_n which_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v in_o the_o latter_a whilst_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o consult_v the_o assembly_n of_o his_o people_n or_o nobility_n thus_o the_o people_n be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o what_o sort_n of_o ecclesiastical_a government_n or_o ceremony_n do_v best_a suit_n their_o genius_n so_o it_o be_v in_o sweden_n may_v condition_n with_o the_o king_n upon_o his_o inauguration_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o change_v any_o thing_n in_o religious_a matter_n by_o his_o sole_a authority_n so_o every_o body_n be_v sensible_a how_o often_o justice_n will_v be_v injure_v if_o sentence_n shall_v always_o be_v give_v by_o the_o sole_a judgement_n of_o the_o prince_n &_o ex_fw-la aequo_fw-la &_o hono_fw-la without_o any_o write_v or_o know_v law_n and_o that_o passion_n 2._o vi_o tacit_fw-la an._n l._n 13._o 4._o 2._o interest_n or_o unskilfulness_n will_v have_v too_o great_a a_o sway_n for_o avoid_v this_o inconvenience_n the_o people_n may_v oblige_v their_o king_n that_o either_o he_o shall_v compose_v a_o body_n of_o just_a law_n or_o observe_v those_o that_o be_v already_o extant_a and_o also_o that_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_a to_o those_o law_n in_o certain_a court_n or_o college_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o none_o but_o the_o most_o weighty_a cause_n shall_v come_v before_o the_o king_n by_o way_n of_o appeal_n sweden_n this_o be_v likewise_o the_o law_n of_o sweden_n so_o likewise_o since_o it_o be_v well_o know_v how_o easy_o riches_n obtain_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o other_o may_v be_v squander_v away_o by_o luxury_n or_o ambition_n therefore_o the_o subject_n good_n shall_v not_o lie_v at_o their_o prince_n mercy_n to_o sustain_v their_o lust_n some_o nation_n have_v wise_o assign_v a_o certain_a revenue_n to_o their_o prince_n such_o as_o they_o suppose_v necessary_a for_o the_o constant_a charge_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o great_a expense_n be_v necessary_a they_o will_v have_v those_o refer_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n and_o since_o also_o some_o king_n be_v more_o desirous_a than_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o military_a glory_n and_o run_v themselves_o into_o unnecessary_a war_n may_v put_v themselves_o and_o their_o kingdom_n in_o hazard_n therefore_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v so_o cautious_a that_o in_o the_o confer_v the_o regal_a dignity_n they_o have_v impose_v this_o necessity_n upon_o their_o king_n that_o if_o they_o will_v make_v offensive_a war_n upon_o their_o neighbour_n they_o shall_v first_o advise_v with_o their_o great_a council_n and_o so_o likewise_o it_o may_v be_v ordain_v concern_v other_o matter_n which_o the_o people_n judge_v necessary_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n lest_o that_o if_o a_o absolute_a power_n of_o order_v those_o thing_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o prince_n the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o people_n will_v perhaps_o be_v less_o consider_v and_o since_o the_o people_n will_v not_o leave_v to_o this_o limit_a king_n a_o absolute_a power_n in_o those_o act_n which_o be_v thus_o except_v but_o that_o a_o assembly_n either_o of_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o of_o those_o that_o represent_v they_o divide_v into_o their_o several_a order_n it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o power_n of_o this_o council_n or_o assembly_n be_v not_o alike_o every_o where_n for_o in_o some_o place_n the_o king_n himself_o though_o every_o where_o absolute_a may_v have_v appoint_v a_o council_n or_o senate_n without_o who_o approbation_n he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o decree_n to_o be_v valid_a which_o senate_n without_o doubt_n will_v only_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o councillor_n and_o though_o they_o may_v question_v the_o king_n grant_n or_o decree_n and_o reject_v those_o which_o they_o judge_v inconvenient_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o this_o by_o any_o inherent_a right_n but_o by_o a_o power_n grant_v they_o from_o the_o king_n himself_o who_o will_v this_o way_n prevent_v his_o decree_a any_o thing_n through_o haste_n imprudence_n or_o the_o persuasion_n of_o flatterer_n that_o may_v prove_v hurtful_a to_o his_o state_n to_o which_o may_v be_v refer_v what_o plutarch_n mention_n in_o his_o apothegm_n '_o that_o the_o egyptian_a king_n
only_o be_v name_v in_o the_o grant_n p._n 19_o the_o author_n proceed_v to_o obviate_v a_o objection_n that_o he_o see_v may_v be_v make_v to_o his_o hypothesis_n that_o it_o may_v seem_v absurd_a that_o king_n now_o be_v father_n of_o their_o people_n since_o experience_n show_v the_o contrary_a it_o be_v true_a say_v he_o all_o king_n be_v not_o the_o natural_a parent_n of_o their_o subject_n yet_o they_o all_o either_o be_v or_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o those_o first_o progenitor_n who_o be_v at_o first_o the_o natural_a parent_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o so_o in_o their_o right_n succeed_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n and_o such_o heir_n be_v not_o only_a lord_n of_o their_o own_o child_n but_o of_o their_o brethren_n and_o all_o other_o that_o be_v subject_n to_o their_o father_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v that_o god_n tell_v cain_n of_o his_o brother_n abel_n his_o desire_n shall_v be_v towards_o thou_o and_o thou_o shall_v rule_v over_o he_o according_o when_o jacob_n buy_v his_o brother_n birthright_n isaac_n bless_v he_o thus_o be_v lord_n over_o thy_o brethren_n and_o let_v the_o son_n of_o thy_o mother_n bow_v before_o thou_o p._n 20._o as_o long_o as_o the_o first_o father_n of_o family_n live_v the_o name_n of_o patriarch_n do_v apt_o belong_v unto_o they_o but_o after_o a_o few_o descent_n when_o the_o true_a fatherhood_n itself_o be_v extinct_a and_o only_o the_o right_n of_o the_o father_n descend_v upon_o the_o true_a heir_n than_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n or_o king_n be_v more_o significant_a to_o express_v the_o power_n of_o he_o who_o succeed_v only_o to_o the_o right_n of_o fatherhood_n which_o his_o ancestor_n do_v natural_o enjoy_v by_o this_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o a_o child_n by_o succeed_v a_o king_n have_v a_o right_a of_o a_o father_n over_o many_o a_o gray-headed_a multitude_n and_o have_v the_o title_n of_o pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la it_o may_v be_v demand_v what_o become_v of_o the_o right_n of_o fatherhood_n in_o case_n the_o crown_n do_v escheat_n for_o want_n of_o a_o heir_n whether_o do_v it_o not_o then_o devolve_v to_o the_o people_n the_o answer_n be_v it_o be_v but_o the_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o people_n to_o lose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a heir_n for_o a_o heir_n there_o be_v always_o if_o adam_n himself_o be_v still_o live_v and_o now_o ready_a to_o die_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v one_o man_n and_o but_o one_o in_o the_o world_n who_o be_v next_o heir_n although_o the_o knowledge_n who_o shall_v be_v that_o one_o man_n be_v quite_o lose_v p._n 21._o this_o ignorance_n of_o the_o people_n be_v admit_v it_o do_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n follow_v that_o for_o want_v of_o heir_n the_o supreme_a power_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o multitude_n or_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o rule_v and_o choose_v what_o ruler_n they_o please_v no_o the_o kingly_a power_n in_o such_o case_n escheat_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o independent_a head_n of_o family_n for_o every_o kingdom_n be_v resolve_v into_o those_o part_n whereof_o at_o first_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o unite_n of_o great_a family_n or_o petty_a kingdom_n we_o find_v the_o great_a monarchy_n be_v at_o first_o erect_v and_o into_o such_o again_o as_o into_o their_o first_o matter_n many_o time_n they_o return_v again_o and_o because_o the_o dependency_n of_o ancient_a family_n be_v oft_o a_o obsure_n and_o worn-out_a knowledge_n there_o the_o wisdom_n of_o many_o prince_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o adopt_v those_o for_o head_n of_o family_n and_o prince_n of_o province_n who_o merit_n ability_n or_o fortune_n have_v enable_v they_o or_o make_v they_o fit_a and_o capable_a of_o such_o royal_a favour_n all_o such_o prime_a head_n and_o father_n have_v power_n to_o consent_v in_o the_o unite_n or_o confer_v of_o their_o fatherly_a right_n of_o sovereign_a authority_n on_o who_o they_o please_v and_o he_o that_o be_v so_o elect_a claim_v not_o his_o power_n as_o a_o donative_n from_o the_o people_n but_o as_o be_v substitute_v by_o god_n from_o who_o he_o receive_v his_o royal_a charter_n of_o a_o universal_a father_n though_o testify_v by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o people_n p._n 22._o in_o all_o kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n in_o the_o world_n whether_o the_o prince_n be_v the_o supreme_a father_n of_o the_o people_n or_o but_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o such_o a_o father_n p._n 23._o or_o whether_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o usurpation_n of_o the_o noble_n or_o of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o any_o other_o way_n whatsoever_o or_o whether_o some_o few_o or_o a_o multitude_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n yet_o still_o the_o authority_n that_o be_v in_o any_o one_o or_o in_o many_o or_o in_o all_o these_o be_v the_o only_a right_n and_o natural_a authority_n of_o a_o supreme_a father_n there_o be_v and_o always_o shall_v be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n a_o natural_a right_n of_o a_o supreme_a father_n over_o a_o multitude_n although_o by_o the_o secret_a will_n of_o god_n many_o do_v at_o first_o most_o unjust_o obtain_v the_o exercise_n of_o it_o to_o confirm_v this_o natural_a right_n of_o regal_a power_n we_o find_v in_o the_o decalogue_n that_o the_o law_n which_o enjoin_v obedience_n to_o king_n be_v deliver_v in_o the_o term_n of_o honour_v thy_o father_n and_o thy_o mother_n as_o if_o all_o power_n be_v original_o in_o the_o father_n if_o obedience_n to_o parent_n be_v due_a immediate_o by_o a_o natural_a law_n and_o subjection_n to_o prince_n but_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o humane_a ordinance_n what_o reason_n be_v there_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n shall_v give_v place_n to_o the_o law_n of_o man_n as_o we_o see_v the_o power_n of_o the_o father_n over_o his_o child_n gives_z place_n and_o be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n p._n 24._o if_o we_o compare_v right_n of_o a_o father_n with_o those_o of_o a_o king_n we_o find_v they_o all_o one_o without_o any_o difference_n at_o all_o but_o only_o in_o the_o latitude_n or_o extent_n of_o they_o as_o the_o father_n over_o one_o family_n so_o the_o king_n as_o father_n over_o many_o family_n extend_v his_o care_n to_o preserve_v feed_v clothe_v instruct_v and_o defend_v the_o whole_a commonwealth_n his_o war_n his_o peace_n his_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o all_o his_o act_n of_o sovereignty_n tend_v only_o to_o preserve_v and_o distribute_v to_o every_o subordinate_a and_o inferior_a father_n and_o to_o their_o child_n their_o right_n and_o privilege_n so_o that_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n be_v sum_v up_o in_o a_o universal_a fatherly_a care_n of_o his_o people_n i_o have_v be_v so_o just_a to_o the_o author_n as_o to_o transcribe_v as_o much_o of_o his_o first_o chapter_n as_o tend_v to_o prove_v the_o original_a power_n of_o king_n as_o well_o that_o you_o may_v see_v the_o hypothesis_n which_o he_o build_v his_o divine_a right_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n in_o his_o own_o word_n and_o so_o be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o judge_v whether_o i_o understand_v and_o answer_v he_o or_o not_o as_o because_o it_o contain_v the_o substance_n and_o strength_n of_o all_o that_o the_o author_n have_v to_o say_v in_o defence_n of_o it_o so_o that_o i_o shall_v now_o fall_v to_o examine_v whether_o his_o foundation_n will_v bear_v so_o weighty_a a_o structure_n as_o he_o have_v raise_v upon_o it_o his_o first_o argument_n against_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n be_v draw_v from_o scripture_n and_o from_o bellarmine_n own_o concession_n that_o adam_n be_v and_o consequent_o every_o other_o father_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o prince_n over_o his_o posterity_n and_o as_o adam_n be_v lord_n over_o his_o child_n so_o his_o child_n under_o he_o have_v a_o power_n over_o their_o own_o child_n suberdinate_o to_o the_o first_o parent_n who_o be_v lord_n paramount_n over_o his_o child_n child_n to_o all_o generation_n as_o be_v the_o grandfather_n of_o his_o people_n so_o that_o neither_o the_o child_n of_o adam_n or_o any_o else_o can_v be_v free_a from_o subjection_n to_o their_o parent_n and_o this_o subjection_n to_o parent_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o legal_a authority_n by_o the_o ordination_n of_o god_n himself_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v be_v bear_v in_o a_o state_n of_o freedom_n or_o equality_n in_o answer_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v not_o concern_v myself_o what_o bellarmine_n or_o any_o other_o have_v grant_v but_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o know_v where_o and_o how_o god_n have_v give_v this_o absolute_a power_n to_o father_n over_o their_o child_n and_o by_o what_o law_n child_n be_v tie_v to_o a_o absolute_a subjection_n or_o servitude_n to_o
scripture_n do_v best_a serve_v his_o turn_n so_o that_o i_o believe_v he_o do_v not_o either_o negligent_o or_o ignorant_o avoid_v settle_v this_o point_n because_o he_o may_v still_o have_v a_o hole_n leave_v to_o creep_v out_o at_o or_o else_o because_o he_o can_v do_v it_o no_o better_o than_o the_o instance_n he_o bring_v will_v permit_v he_o say_v direct_v for_o obedience_n pag._n 68_o a_o son_n be_v always_o to_o live_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o his_o father_n unless_o by_o god_n immediate_a appointment_n or_o by_o the_o grant_n or_o death_n of_o his_o father_n he_o become_v himself_o possess_v of_o that_o power_n to_o which_o he_o be_v subject_a by_o which_o word_n he_o seem_v to_o imply_v that_o this_o power_n be_v to_o descend_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n when_o his_o father_n die_v so_o likewise_o in_o this_o treatise_n we_o be_v now_o upon_o p._n 12._o he_o say_v civil_a power_n not_o only_o in_o general_n be_v by_o divine_a institution_n but_o even_o the_o assignment_n of_o it_o specifical_o to_o the_o elder_a parent_n by_o which_o word_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v if_o any_o thing_n elder_a son_n though_o i_o know_v not_o why_o he_o shall_v limit_v it_o to_o parent_n for_o methinks_v it_o be_v very_o hard_a the_o elder_a son_n shall_v forfeit_v his_o right_n in_o case_n he_o be_v not_o a_o parent_n when_o his_o father_n die_v so_o likewise_o he_o tell_v we_o p._n 19_o that_o these_o heir_n of_o this_o fatherly_a power_n be_v not_o only_a lord_n of_o their_o own_o child_n but_o also_o of_o their_o brethren_n and_o all_o other_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o father_n yet_o tell_v we_o not_o plain_o which_o of_o the_o son_n be_v heir_n only_o say_v a_o little_a before_o that_o when_o god_n make_v choice_n of_o any_o special_a person_n to_o be_v king_n he_o always_o intend_v that_o the_o issue_n also_o shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o though_o this_o general_a rule_n be_v false_a in_o the_o case_n of_o saul_n who_o child_n be_v disinherit_v by_o god_n to_o establish_v the_o crown_n upon_o david_n and_o his_o line_n so_o uncertain_a thing_n be_v instance_n draw_v from_o scripture_n without_o any_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o subject_n i_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o from_o the_o command_n of_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n who_o have_v divers_a other_o family_n under_o he_o there_o may_v spring_v a_o civil_a government_n though_o the_o fatherly_a authority_n do_v proper_o regard_v the_o education_n of_o the_o child_n and_o the_o masterly_a power_n to_o increase_v riches_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o change_v bare_o by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o child_n or_o servant_n yet_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o be_v not_o so_o wide_a that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o transition_n from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o unless_o a_o new_a right_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n be_v produce_v by_o god_n for_o if_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n be_v provide_v of_o a_o great_a stock_n of_o child_n and_o slave_n will_v by_o way_n of_o manumission_n permit_v they_o to_o enjoy_v their_o own_o good_n and_o family_n apart_o on_o that_o condition_n that_o they_o submit_v to_o his_o government_n for_o their_o common_a security_n i_o do_v not_o see_v what_o be_v want_v to_o the_o make_v he_o a_o prince_n if_o he_o have_v strength_n sufficient_a to_o perform_v the_o end_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o he_o die_v and_o nominate_v a_o successor_n if_o his_o son_n will_v consent_v to_o he_o and_o confirm_v his_o will_n they_o may_v if_o they_o please_v if_o not_o all_o of_o they_o as_o in_o a_o interregnum_fw-la may_v appoint_v what_o sort_n of_o government_n they_o will_v have_v for_o the_o future_a nor_o will_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v violate_v if_o the_o young_a son_n have_v most_o vote_n shall_v be_v elect_v in_o his_o father_n stead_n i_o shall_v be_v glad_a any_o man_n can_v demonstrate_v to_o i_o from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n that_o adam_n elder_a son_n be_v by_o the_o right_n of_o eldership_n to_o be_v lord_n over_o his_o brethren_n without_o their_o election_n or_o consent_n when_o their_o father_n die_v indeed_o the_o jewish_a law_n allow_v a_o pre-eminence_n to_o the_o elder_a brother_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o double_a portion_n and_o be_v reverence_v by_o all_o his_o brethren_n express_v by_o this_o phrase_n of_o let_v thy_o mother_n son_n bow_v before_o thou_o but_o this_o prove_v not_o that_o as_o elder_a son_n he_o have_v therefore_o a_o right_n of_o exercise_v all_o that_o authority_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n over_o his_o brethren_n which_o his_o father_n have_v before_o neither_o have_v jacob_n any_o such_o right_n over_o esau_n though_o he_o sell_v his_o birthright_n or_o the_o elder_a or_o any_o other_o son_n of_o jacob_n any_o such_o right_n over_o his_o brethren_n for_o certain_o god_n will_v not_o have_v abrogate_a it_o if_o they_o have_v so_o that_o jacob_n authority_n as_o a_o father_n end_v with_o his_o life_n and_o for_o any_o despotic_a propriety_n or_o dominion_n over_o they_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o father_n have_v none_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n yet_o admit_v he_o have_v the_o child_n notwithstanding_o will_v have_v be_v free_a at_o his_o death_n for_o servitude_n be_v a_o mere_a personal_a duty_n due_a only_o to_o the_o person_n of_o he_o that_o acquire_v this_o slave_n when_o the_o person_n die_v to_o who_o he_o owe_v this_o subjection_n the_o slave_n be_v free_a in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n unless_o the_o lord_n of_o this_o slave_n transfer_v his_o right_n in_o he_o to_o another_o in_o his_o life-time_n a_o man_n person_n not_o be_v like_o a_o brute_n beast_n to_o be_v seize_v by_o whoever_o can_v lay_v hold_n of_o he_o he_o have_v no_o long_o any_o obligation_n to_o serve_v his_o child_n unless_o he_o will_v make_v himself_o their_o slave_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n but_o if_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o father_n may_v bequeath_v this_o right_n of_o dominion_n over_o his_o child_n at_o his_o death_n by_o his_o will_n to_o which_o of_o his_o son_n he_o please_v and_o that_o he_o that_o be_v so_o constitute_v by_o their_o father_n be_v lord_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n and_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v this_o from_o genesis_n the_o 9_o vers_fw-la 25_o 26_o 27._o where_o noah_n curse_v canaan_n because_o ham_n his_o father_n have_v deride_v his_o nakedness_n say_v he_o shall_v be_v a_o servant_n unto_o his_o brethren_n i_o desire_v you_o will_v take_v notice_n that_o this_o answer_v quite_o give_v up_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o the_o heir_n or_o elder_a son_n 2._o i_o suppose_v this_o rather_o be_v a_o prediction_n or_o curse_n to_o be_v fulfil_v in_o canaan_n posterity_n than_o upon_o himself_o for_o first_o this_o right_n be_v not_o give_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v over_o the_o person_n of_o ham_n the_o offender_n 50._o observat_fw-la on_o grotius_n p._n 49_o 50._o who_o this_o author_n allow_v to_o have_v have_v a_o equal_a share_n with_o his_o brethren_n in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o world_n and_o so_o to_o have_v be_v in_o all_o prerogative_n equal_a with_o they_o neither_o do_v he_o give_v this_o right_n to_o one_o of_o they_o bâ—…_n to_o both_o alike_o say_v both_o of_o shem_n and_o japhet_n that_o canaan_n shall_v be_v their_o servant_n which_o can_v not_o be_v mean_v of_o his_o person_n since_o that_o can_v not_o be_v divide_v by_o they_o both_o who_o be_v like_a to_o live_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n therefore_o it_o can_v only_o signify_v that_o his_o descendant_n shall_v be_v slave_n to_o the_o other_o and_o several_a commentator_n upon_o this_o place_n do_v suppose_v that_o moses_n relate_v this_o curse_n of_o noah_n upon_o ham_n only_o to_o show_v the_o jew_n the_o right_o they_o have_v to_o make_v slave_n of_o the_o canaanite_n because_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o canaan_n 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the_o world_n if_o any_o think_v that_o particular_a multitude_n at_o their_o own_o discretion_n have_v power_n to_o divide_v themselves_o into_o several_a commonwealth_n those_o that_o think_v so_o have_v neither_o reason_n nor_o proof_n for_o so_o think_v and_o thereby_o a_o gap_n be_v open_v for_o every_o petty_a factious_a multitude_n to_o make_v more_o commonwealth_n than_o there_o be_v family_n in_o the_o world_n in_o which_o dispute_v i_o conceive_v the_o jesuit_n have_v go_v too_o far_o in_o assert_v a_o undivided_a sovereignty_n in_o the_o whole_a multitude_n collect_v together_o before_o any_o civil_a government_n institute_v that_o be_v only_o the_o compact_a or_o agreement_n of_o those_o that_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o bind_v none_o else_o at_o first_o so_o likewise_o this_o be_v a_o mere_a chimaera_n of_o the_o author_n that_o adam_n or_o noah_n be_v absolute_a monarch_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o no_o man_n can_v withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o 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march_v off_o together_o since_o none_o else_o understand_v one_o another_o yet_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o tell_v we_o whether_o in_o this_o division_n and_o plantation_n of_o the_o world_n the_o headship_n of_o these_o family_n be_v according_a to_o eldership_n of_o birth_n or_o whether_o they_o elect_v the_o fit_a man_n of_o their_o tribe_n or_o family_n to_o be_v their_o leader_n and_o if_o the_o elder_a be_v the_o man_n it_o be_v not_o from_o any_o right_n over_o they_o but_o either_o of_o reverence_n to_o his_o wisdom_n or_o to_o avoid_v the_o dissension_n that_o may_v arise_v by_o other_o kind_n of_o choice_n on_o eldership_n though_o indeed_o it_o confer_v no_o right_a of_o itself_o yet_o be_v often_o prefer_v as_o a_o kind_n of_o natural_a lot_n so_o that_o every_o one_o of_o these_o head_n of_o family_n be_v independent_a from_o each_o other_o they_o can_v never_o agree_v upon_o a_o ruler_n over_o they_o but_o by_o compact_a among_o themselves_o and_o if_o so_o he_o be_v their_o leader_n that_o all_o the_o rest_n like_v and_o agree_v upon_o so_o that_o there_o need_v no_o compact_n of_o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o world_n since_o every_o father_n of_o a_o family_n be_v independent_a upon_o any_o man_n else_o have_v a_o power_n to_o confer_v his_o authority_n of_o govern_v himself_o and_o his_o family_n upon_o who_o he_o please_v which_o power_n whether_o and_o how_o far_o it_o be_v from_o god_n and_o what_o kind_n of_o authority_n it_o be_v we_o shall_v examine_v hereafter_o so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v all_o government_n may_v be_v at_o first_o institute_v by_o father_n of_o family_n yet_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v any_o despotic_a power_n that_o such_o father_n have_v over_o their_o child_n or_o descendant_n and_o so_o consequent_o can_v confer_v no_o such_o authority_n over_o they_o so_o that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o author_n query_n about_o the_o distinct_a power_n of_o the_o multitude_n vanish_v since_o though_o there_o never_o be_v any_o government_n where_o all_o the_o promiscuous_a rabble_n of_o woman_n and_o child_n have_v vote_n as_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o it_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o for_o all_o that_o prove_v all_o legal_a civil_a government_n do_v not_o owe_v his_o original_a to_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n since_o the_o father_n of_o family_n or_o freeman_n at_o their_o own_o dispose_n be_v real_o and_o indeed_o all_o the_o people_n that_o need_v to_o have_v vote_n since_o woman_n as_o be_v conclude_v by_o their_o husband_n and_o be_v common_o unfit_a for_o civil_a business_n and_o child_n in_o their_o father_n family_n be_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o servant_n and_o without_o any_o property_n in_o good_n or_o land_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o have_v vote_n in_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o government_n so_o likewise_o all_o the_o author_n objection_n and_o cavil_n p._n 44._o how_o the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o multitude_n can_v over-rule_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n signify_v nothing_o since_o if_o many_o man_n meet_v to_o choose_v a_o governor_n the_o first_o question_n must_v be_v whether_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o major_a part_n shall_v not_o conclude_v the_o rest_n and_o then_o all_o that_o agree_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n and_o those_o that_o will_v not_o agree_v to_o it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n towards_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v free_a to_o go_v and_o set_v up_o a_o government_n by_o themselves_o that_o they_o all_o can_v agree_v to_o nemine_fw-la contradicente_fw-la and_o if_o they_o disturb_v those_o that_o have_v agree_v that_o they_o will_v be_v conclude_v by_o the_o majority_n they_o may_v be_v lawful_o use_v as_o enemy_n and_o for_o proxy_n or_o representative_n though_o the_o beginning_n of_o most_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n like_o the_o head_n of_o nilus_n be_v hard_a to_o be_v trace_v up_o to_o their_o head_n or_o fountain_n and_o no_o man_n can_v positive_o tell_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o beginning_n yet_o if_o they_o begin_v from_o some_o small_a quantity_n of_o man_n collect_v into_o one_o army_n or_o city_n there_o need_v no_o proxy_n at_o all_o since_o every_o man_n may_v give_v his_o vote_n himself_o but_o since_o the_o author_n put_v i_o to_o name_v any_o commonwealth_n out_o of_o history_n where_o the_o multitude_n or_o so_o much_o as_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o ever_o consent_v either_o by_o voice_n or_o proxy_n to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o prince_n i_o will_v name_v he_o two_o commonwealth_n the_o first_o be_v rome_n where_o all_o the_o people_n or_o freemen_n consent_v to_o the_o election_n of_o romulus_n be_v former_o propose_v see_v dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n lib._n 3._o and_o the_o second_o shall_v be_v that_o of_o venice_n where_o though_o it_o be_v true_a the_o whole_a promiscuous_a rabble_n do_v not_o choose_v a_o prince_n yet_o all_o the_o master_n of_o family_n or_o freeman_n at_o their_o own_o dispose_n have_v a_o vote_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o first_o duke_n and_o senate_n which_o plain_o prove_v some_o government_n to_o have_v have_v their_o beginning_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o though_o some_o government_n have_v begin_v by_o conquest_n yet_o since_o those_o conqueror_n can_v never_o perform_v this_o without_o man_n over_o which_o they_o be_v not_o always_o bear_v monarch_n it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o those_o soldier_n or_o volunteer_n have_v no_o obligation_n to_o serve_v they_o but_o from_o their_o own_o agreement_n with_o their_o general_n and_o for_o those_o advantage_n he_o propose_v to_o they_o in_o the_o share_n of_o those_o conquest_n they_o shall_v make_v they_o read_v likewise_o our_o historian_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o will._n the_o conqueror_n come_v over_o and_o you_o will_v find_v those_o that_o help_v he_o in_o that_o expedition_n be_v volunteer_n to_o who_o
own_o consent_n as_o a_o slave_n by_o compact_n or_o without_o his_o fault_n as_o a_o slave_n take_v in_o a_o just_a war_n and_o that_o no_o master_n of_o a_o family_n have_v such_o right_n in_o the_o person_n of_o one_o of_o these_o but_o that_o he_o may_v do_v he_o injury_n if_o he_o take_v away_o his_o life_n or_o punish_v he_o without_o cause_n and_o that_o such_o even_a such_o a_o slave_n may_v lawful_o set_v himself_o free_a if_o the_o master_n do_v not_o perform_v his_o part_n of_o the_o bargain_n and_o have_v in_o the_o last_o place_n show_v what_o power_n a_o husband_n have_v over_o his_o wife_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n and_o from_o whence_o it_o take_v its_o original_a it_o be_v now_o time_n to_o answer_v those_o argument_n and_o objection_n make_v by_o this_o author_n and_o other_o that_o the_o prince_n or_o governor_n so_o elect_v by_o the_o father_n of_o family_n or_o frceman_n at_o their_o own_o dispose_n which_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o whole_a people_n have_v not_o only_o his_o nomination_n from_o they_o but_o that_o it_o be_v from_o god_n alone_o that_o he_o derive_v his_o sovereign_a power_n and_o authority_n with_o which_o he_o be_v endue_v upon_o his_o first_o acceptance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v accept_v it_o with_o any_o limitation_n it_o be_v to_o restrain_v that_o power_n which_o god_n have_v confer_v upon_o he_o by_o his_o be_v make_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o will_v hinder_v he_o from_o perform_v that_o great_a duty_n as_o he_o ought_v in_o answer_n to_o which_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o no_o such_o unlimited_a power_n be_v confer_v by_o god_n to_o any_o private_a man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n as_o a_o father_n husband_n or_o master_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v give_v to_o any_o civil_a sovereign_n who_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v no_o more_o power_n than_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n have_v before_o a_o second_o objection_n be_v that_o no_o particular_a man_n have_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n any_o power_n over_o his_o own_o life_n and_o therefore_o can_v have_v any_o over_o the_o life_n of_o another_o man_n and_o if_o one_o man_n have_v not_o this_o power_n neither_o have_v the_o people_n which_o be_v but_o a_o universal_a consist_v of_o singular_n any_o such_o power_n and_o consequent_o can_v confer_v it_o on_o any_o other_o man_n therefore_o every_o prince_n must_v have_v this_o sovereign_a power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n not_o from_o the_o people_n but_o from_o god_n in_o answer_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v first_o of_o all_o deny_v the_o consequence_n that_o because_o god_n have_v not_o give_v a_o man_n a_o power_n over_o his_o own_o life_n therefore_o he_o can_v have_v none_o over_o the_o person_n of_o another_o for_o god_n give_v man_n a_o right_a to_o preserve_v but_o not_o to_o destroy_v himself_o and_o so_o can_v dispose_v of_o his_o own_o life_n whenever_o he_o be_v weary_a of_o it_o therefore_o since_o the_o first_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v self-preservation_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o man_n to_o use_v all_o mean_n conduce_v to_o this_o end_n that_o do_v not_o prejudice_v another_o man_n right_a in_o his_o particular_a life_n or_o happiness_n so_o that_o if_o any_o man_n assault_v i_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n i_o may_v defend_v myself_o and_o consequent_o kill_v the_o assailant_n if_o i_o can_v otherwise_o escape_v but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v reply_v that_o the_o intention_n here_o be_v not_o principal_o to_o kill_v the_o man_n if_o it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o avoid_v and_o that_o this_o right_n be_v give_v man_n only_o to_o preserve_v their_o life_n from_o be_v take_v away_o at_o another_o man_n pleasure_n but_o that_o no_o private_a man_n have_v power_n to_o revenge_v a_o injury_n do_v to_o another_o or_o one_o self_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n with_o death_n but_o god_n or_o he_o to_o who_o god_n have_v commit_v this_o power_n according_a to_o st._n paul_n rom._n 12.19_o dear_o belove_v avenge_v not_o yourselves_o etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v prove_v that_o this_o place_n do_v not_o destroy_v that_o which_o i_o maintain_v for_o i_o grant_v that_o all_o revenge_n take_v as_o the_o satisfaction_n some_o man_n take_v in_o the_o very_o do_v evil_a or_o prejudice_n to_o another_o be_v unlawful_a even_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n second_o likewise_o where_o magistracy_n be_v institute_v who_o be_v to_o bear_v the_o sword_n for_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil_a doer_n i_o grant_v all_o return_n of_o like_a for_o like_a to_o be_v unlawful_a since_o he_o be_v appoint_v as_o a_o public_a judge_n to_o right_v those_o that_o be_v injure_v and_o maintain_v the_o common_a peace_n but_o no_o text_n forbid_v man_n to_o punish_v injury_n do_v either_o to_o themselves_o or_o those_o they_o have_v a_o concern_v for_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n for_o this_o be_v not_o revenge_n but_o a_o natural_a punishment_n to_o deter_v man_n from_o commit_v violent_a and_o unjust_a action_n that_o disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o humane_a society_n since_o the_o wrong_a doer_n declare_v himself_o thereby_o a_o public_a enemy_n to_o all_o mankind_n and_o on_o this_o account_n cain_n fear_v that_o not_o his_o father_n only_o hut_n every_o one_o that_o meet_v he_o will_v slay_v he_o that_o be_v punish_v he_o for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o brother_n or_o kinsman_n and_o if_o this_o be_v unlawful_a than_o all_o war_n must_v be_v so_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n and_o prince_n be_v always_o in_o that_o state_n in_o respect_n of_o each_o other_o can_v never_o make_v any_o war_n for_o the_o gain_n of_o right_n usurp_v or_o to_o punish_v for_o injury_n receive_v so_o that_o this_o power_n which_o a_o man_n in_o some_o case_n have_v over_o the_o life_n of_o another_o be_v only_o give_v he_o by_o god_n for_o the_o common_a good_a and_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n of_o which_o every_o particular_a person_n be_v a_o part_n and_o so_o this_o power_n confer_v upon_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v no_o more_o nor_o extend_v high_a than_o that_o though_o there_o be_v more_o thing_n requisite_a to_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o safety_n of_o a_o civil_a government_n than_o be_v to_o humane_a society_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n and_o from_o hence_o do_v supreme_a power_n derive_v their_o right_n of_o make_v positive_a law_n and_o ordain_v high_a punishment_n for_o offence_n than_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o nature_n do_v express_o appoint_v as_o for_o th_a coin_v and_o the_o like_a nor_o be_v the_o antecedent_n true_a that_o no_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o own_o life_n for_o though_o it_o may_v be_v true_a that_o no_o man_n have_v a_o right_a to_o make_v away_o himself_o whenever_o he_o dislike_v his_o be_v here_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v but_o that_o for_o a_o great_a good_a to_o the_o public_a any_o man_n nay_o a_o prince_n himself_o may_v lay_v down_o his_o life_n for_o his_o people_n good_a and_o therefore_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o example_n of_o codrus_n the_o athenian_a king_n be_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o high_o commendable_a in_o facrifice_v his_o life_n for_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n suppose_v that_o all_o their_o estate_n and_o liberty_n depend_v upon_o that_o one_o battle_n much_o more_o for_o a_o private_a man_n to_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n to_o save_v some_o public_a person_n high_o useful_a to_o humane_a society_n and_o this_o much_o do_v the_o apostle_n paul_n himself_o seem_v to_o admit_v rom._n 5.7_o when_o he_o say_v for_o scarce_o for_o a_o righteous_a man_n will_v one_o die_v yet_o peradventure_o for_o a_o good_a man_n some_o will_v even_o dare_v to_o die_v where_o by_o a_o righteous_a man_n expositor_n understand_v one_o who_o have_v sufficient_o do_v his_o duty_n in_o a_o ordinary_a private_a capacity_n yet_o contribute_v little_a to_o the_o public_a good_a whereas_o by_o a_o good_a man_n be_v understand_v some_o person_n high_o useful_a and_o beneficial_a to_o other_o and_o for_o such_o a_o one_o a_o man_n may_v not_o only_o dare_v to_o die_v but_o actual_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n if_o occasion_n be_v a_o second_o objection_n be_v that_o if_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n authority_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o people_n than_o this_o authority_n must_v be_v either_o inferior_a or_o superior_a to_o it_o if_o inferior_a how_o can_v the_o people_n be_v command_v or_o govern_v by_o that_o which_o be_v inferior_a to_o its_o self_n if_o superior_a how_o can_v the_o effect_n be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o gause_n since_o neither_o any_o particular_a person_n nor_o the_o whole_a multitude_n have_v sovereign_a authority_n and_o therefore_o
to_o they_o but_o edward_n 1._o that_o great_a prince_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n who_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o tribure_n grant_v by_o king_n john_n 435._o mat._n paris_n p._n 435._o et_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la nequiverimus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la deliberationem_fw-la habere_fw-la cum_fw-la prelatis_fw-la et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la ante_fw-la dictis_fw-la sine_fw-la quorum_fw-la communicato_fw-la concilio_n sanctitati_fw-la vestrae_fw-la non_fw-la possumus_fw-la respondere_fw-la et_fw-la jure_fw-la jurando_fw-la coronatione_fw-la nostra_fw-la praestito_fw-la sumus_fw-la astricti_fw-la quod_fw-la jura_n regni_fw-la servabimus_fw-la illibita_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquid_fw-la quod_fw-la diadema_fw-la tangat_fw-la regni_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la absque_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la re_fw-la quisito_fw-la comsilio_fw-la facimus_fw-la so_o likewise_o that_o victorious_a prince_n edward_n iii_o in_o the_o preamble_n to_o the_o new_a statute_n of_o provisor_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la 25._o which_o statute_n viz._n repeal_n a_o former_a law_n viz._n 35._o edward_n i._o which_o say_v this_o statute_n hold_v always_o his_o force_n and_o be_v never_o defeat_v or_o annul_v in_o any_o point_n and_o by_o so_o much_o as_o he_o be_v viz._n the_o king_n bind_v by_o his_o oath_n to_o do_v the_o same_o to_o be_v keep_v as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o last_o main_a objection_n which_o the_o author_n make_v against_o limit_a monarchy_n and_o by_o which_o he_o hope_v to_o prove_v it_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n i_o will_v set_v down_o the_o difference_n between_o our_o author_n and_o mr._n h._n upon_o who_o he_o animadvert_v in_o their_o own_o word_n '_o first_o mr._n h._n hold_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v or_o punish_v any_o more_o than_o in_o absolute_a monarchy_n and_o so_o can_v do_v no_o wrong_n in_o his_o own_o person_n '_o yet_o if_o he_o this_o limit_a monarch_n transcend_v his_o bound_n if_o he_o command_v against_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o legal_o bind_v to_o obedience_n in_o such_o case_n whereupon_o our_o author_n ask_v who_o shall_v be_v judge_n whether_o the_o monarch_n transcend_v his_o bound_n mr._n h._n conceive_v that_o in_o a_o limit_a legal_a monarchy_n there_o can_v be_v no_o state_v external_a judge_n of_o the_o monarch_n action_n if_o there_o grow_v a_o fundamental_a variance_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o community_n and_o in_o another_o place_n confess_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o judge_n legal_a and_o constitute_v within_o that_o form_n of_o government_n whereupon_o the_o author_n think_v he_o have_v get_v a_o great_a advantage_n over_o our_o gentleman_n and_o therefore_o be_v resolve_v to_o put_v the_o question_n home_o and_o demand_n of_o he_o if_o there_o be_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o the_o monarch_n and_o any_o of_o the_o mean_a person_n of_o the_o community_n who_o shall_v be_v judge_n for_o instance_n the_o king_n command_v or_o give_v judgement_n against_o i_o i_o reply_v his_o command_n be_v illegal_a and_o his_o judgement_n not_o atcord_v to_o law_n who_o must_v judge_v if_o the_o monarch_n himself_o judge_v than_o you_o destroy_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o government_n and_o make_v it_o absolute_a for_o say_v mr_n h._n to_o confine_v a_o monarch_n to_o a_o law_n and_o then_o to_o make_v he_o judge_n of_o his_o own_o deviation_n from_o that_o law_n be_v to_o absolve_v he_o from_o all_o law_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o or_o all_o the_o people_n may_v judge_n than_o you_o put_v the_o sovereignty_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o part_n of_o it_o and_o destroy_v the_o be_v of_o monarchy_n and_o thus_o this_o author_n say_v sir_n r._n a._n have_v catch_v himself_o in_o a_o plain_a dilemma_n if_o the_o king_n be_v judge_n than_o he_o be_v no_o limit_a monarch_n if_o the_o people_n judge_n than_o he_o be_v no_o monarch_n at_o all_o so_o farewell_o limit_a monarchy_n nay_o farewell_o 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patient_o to_o the_o penalty_n he_o please_v to_o lay_v upon_o they_o for_o not_o go_v this_o answer_n will_v not_o serve_v turn_n for_o the_o author_n objection_n be_v general_a if_o the_o people_n judge_n he_o do_v not_o say_v resist_v he_o be_v no_o monarch_n at_o all_o and_o refuse_v to_o go_v to_o mass_n be_v a_o judge_v the_o prince_n command_v unlawful_a but_o mr._n hobbs_n from_o who_o this_o argument_n be_v borrow_v drive_v it_o more_o home_n if_o the_o author_n friend_n will_v admit_v the_o consequence_n &_o affirm_v true_o upon_o his_o own_o principle_n that_o if_o the_o subject_n do_v judge_n in_o any_o case_n whatever_o of_o what_o be_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a good_a or_o evil_n it_o quite_o destroy_v the_o monarchy_n for_o the_o monarch_n be_v sole_a judge_n of_o all_o action_n whether_o they_o be_v lawsul_n or_o not_o now_o when_o the_o monarch_n have_v declare_v his_o will_n that_o all_o his_o subject_n shall_v go_v to_o mass_n sure_o not_o to_o go_v be_v to_o 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obedience_n if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o thing_n in_o which_o he_o can_v possible_o do_v it_o without_o subversion_n to_o the_o government_n and_o in_o which_o his_o act_n may_v not_o be_v make_v a_o lead_a case_n and_o so_o bring_v on_o a_o prescription_n against_o public_a liberty_n and_o again_o he_o say_v if_o the_o act_n in_o which_o the_o exorbitance_n or_o transgression_n of_o the_o monarch_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v be_v of_o lesser_a moment_n and_o not_o strike_v at_o the_o very_o be_v of_o the_o government_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o public_a patience_n rather_o than_o to_o endanger_v the_o be_v of_o the_o state_n but_o these_o salvo_n however_o moderate_v and_o sober_a will_v not_o please_v our_o author_n at_o all_o 285._o anarchy_n 285._o '_o for_o he_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v but_o figleaf_n to_o cover_v the_o nakedness_n of_o mr._n h_n limit_a monarch_n form_v upon_o weak_a supposal_n in_o case_n of_o lesser_a moment_n for_o if_o the_o monarch_n be_v to_o 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although_o it_o look_v fine_a yet_o examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n signify_v little_a for_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o every_o the_o least_o transgression_n of_o the_o bound_n of_o law_n be_v a_o subversion_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o since_o if_o do_v perhaps_o only_o to_o one_o or_o a_o few_o person_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v a_o lead_a case_n and_o so_o bring_v on_o a_o prescription_n against_o public_a liberty_n in_o all_o case_n neither_o do_v the_o subject_n bear_v with_o it_o not_o contribute_v otherwise_o then_o accidental_o to_o this_o breach_n of_o liberty_n since_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o bear_v it_o not_o because_o it_o be_v just_a but_o because_o he_o either_o may_v hope_v to_o have_v redress_n by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n or_o else_o by_o petition_v the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n when_o they_o meet_v who_o be_v partly_o ordain_v on_o purpose_n to_o remonstrate_v the_o grievance_n of_o subject_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o thereupon_o to_o have_v they_o redress_v nor_o be_v this_o limit_a monarch_n as_o the_o author_n will_v infer_v less_o oblige_v to_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n in_o small_a or_o private_a matter_n then_o in_o great_a and_o public_a one_o only_o in_o many_o small_a matter_n prince_n or_o their_o officer_n may_v through_o ignorance_n or_o inadvertency_n sometime_o transgress_v the_o true_a bound_n of_o law_n which_o they_o will_v not_o do_v perhaps_o if_o they_o be_v better_o inform_v and_o so_o likewise_o if_o the_o subject_n bear_v it_o it_o be_v not_o from_o the_o legality_n of_o the_o act_n but_o from_o this_o great_a maxim_n in_o law_n and_o reason_n that_o a_o mischief_n to_o some_o private_a man_n be_v better_a than_o a_o inconvenience_n in_o give_v every_o private_a person_n power_n that_o think_v himself_o injure_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o his_o officer_n to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o right_v himself_o by_o force_n since_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o great_a duty_n of_o every_o good_a subject_n of_o endeavour_v to_o preserve_v the_o common_a peace_n and_o happiness_n of_o his_o country_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o private_a man_n interest_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o oppression_n or_o breach_n of_o law_n be_v general_a and_o extend_v to_o all_o the_o people_n alike_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o case_n alter_v why_o may_v not_o the_o practicedo_fw-la so_o too_o '_o but_o mr._n h._n give_v we_o another_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n that_o if_o the_o monarch_n act_n of_o exorbitancy_n or_o transgression_n be_v mortal_a and_o such_o as_o suffer_v dissolve_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o government_n and_o public_a liberty_n than_o the_o illegality_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v open_a and_o redressment_n seek_v by_o petition_n which_o be_v true_a for_o a_o appeal_n to_o the_o law_n from_o the_o violence_n of_o subordinate_a minister_n be_v real_o a_o petition_n for_o justice_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o who_o be_v by_o the_o law_n suppose_v present_a in_o the_o person_n of_o his_o judge_n that_o represent_v he_o and_o this_o the_o author_n himself_o in_o a_o better_a humour_n do_v confess_v in_o his_o patriarcha_fw-la p._n 93._o the_o people_n have_v the_o law_n as_o a_o familiar_a interpreter_n of_o the_o king_n pleasure_n which_o be_v publish_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n do_v represent_v the_o presence_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n also_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n be_v restrain_v by_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n from_o use_v their_o own_o liberty_n to_o the_o injury_n of_o other_o since_o they_o be_v to_o judge_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o not_o to_o follow_v their_o own_o opinion_n and_o because_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v sometime_o surprise_v or_o importune_v to_o write_v order_n or_o letter_n to_o the_o judge_n to_o direct_v they_o to_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n the_o king_n himself_o in_o parliament_n have_v declare_v 3._o see_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o justice_n 18._o e._n 3._o what_o oath_n these_o justice_n shall_v take_v when_o they_o be_v admit_v into_o their_o office_n where_o among_o other_o thing_n they_o swear_v thus_o and_o that_o you_o deny_v no_o man_n common_a right_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n nor_o none_o other_o man_n nor_o for_o none_o other_o cause_n and_o in_o case_n such_o letter_n do_v come_v to_o you_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n that_o you_o do_v nothing_o by_o such_o letter_n but_o certify_v the_o king_n thereof_o and_o proceed_v to_o execute_v the_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o same_o letter_n and_o conclude_v thus_o and_o in_o case_n you_o be_v from_o henceforth_o find_v in_o default_n in_o any_o of_o the_o point_n aforesaid_a you_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o king_n will_v of_o body_n land_n or_o good_n thereof_o to_o be_v do_v as_o shall_v please_v he_o as_o god_n help_v you_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o lord_n chief-justice_n anderson_n and_o his_o fellow-justice_n in_o the_o common-plea_n who_o upon_o so_o great_a a_o point_n as_o cavendish_v case_n be_v 35_o el._n have_v consult_v with_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n solemn_o in_o write_v that_o the_o queen_n be_v oblige_v by_o her_o coronation-oath_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o likewise_o observe_v they_o they_o be_v forswear_v anderson_n p._n 154_o 155._o which_o will_v of_o the_o king_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v as_o well_o declare_v by_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n his_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n as_o by_o any_o other_o way_n see_v the_o judgement_n upon_o tresillian_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n 21_o rich._n 2._o and_o the_o impeachment_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o against_o the_o judge_n that_o give_v their_o opinion_n contrary_a to_o law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o ship-money_n vide_fw-la the_o subsequent_a act_n of_o parliament_n 17_o car._n 1._o chap._n 14._o declare_v that_o upon_o the_o tax_n call_v shipmoney_n and_o the_o judgement_n entr._n 1_o h._n 7._o 4._o b._n the_o judicial_a opinion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n and_o baron_n be_v and_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n etc._n etc._n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_o observe_v there_o can_v never_o be_v any_o fear_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n or_o popular_a commotion_n since_o our_o law_n suppose_v the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n that_o be_v in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o therefore_o sir_n john_n markham_n when_o chief_a justice_n tell_v king_n edward_n the_o four_o that_o the_o king_n can_v arrest_v any_o man_n himself_o for_o suspicion_n of_o treason_n or_o felony_n as_o other_o of_o his_o liege_n may_v for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o wrong_n to_o the_o party_n grieve_v he_o have_v no_o remedy_n therefore_o if_o any_o act_n or_o thing_n be_v do_v to_o the_o subject_a contrary_n to_o the_o law_n the_o judge_n and_o minister_n of_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v question_v and_o punish_v if_o the_o law_n be_v violate_v and_o no_o reflection_n make_v upon_o the_o king_n who_o be_v still_o suppose_a to_o do_v his_o subject_n right_o si_fw-mi factam_fw-la fuerit_fw-la injustum_fw-la say_v bracton_n per_fw-la inde_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la factum_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o thus_o much_o will_v serve_v for_o a_o further_a answer_n to_o the_o author_n query_n before_o mention_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n for_o a_o subject_a to_o disobey_v the_o king_n if_o he_o command_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o law_n since_o all_o the_o subject_n both_o great_a and_o small_a be_v suppose_v to_o know_v what_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v as_o well_o as_o what_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o crown_n nor_o be_v these_o reserve_a case_n so_o many_o or_o so_o difficult_a as_o the_o anthor_n will_v make_v we_o believe_v but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o understand_v without_o appeal_n to_o any_o other_o judge_n then_o the_o conscience_n of_o every_o honest_a man_n and_o though_o the_o king_n may_v for_o our_o common_a defence_n in_o time_n of_o war_n make_v bulwark_n upon_o another_o man_n land_n or_o command_v a_o house_n to_o be_v pull_v down_o if_o the_o next_o be_v on_o fire_n or_o the_o suburb_n of_o a_o city_n to_o be_v demolish_v in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o make_v it_o serviceable_a though_o man_n may_v justify_v their_o obedience_n in_o such_o case_n yet_o it_o be_v folly_n and_o madness_n from_o thence_o to_o argue_v that_o the_o king_n be_v as_o much_o to_o be_v obey_v if_o he_o command_v we_o to_o pull_v down_o a_o whole_a town_n for_o his_o diversion_n or_o to_o take_v away_o all_o man_n land_n or_o good_n at_o his_o pleasure_n since_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v so_o weak_a as_o to_o command_v it_o it_o be_v his_o unhappiness_n
very_a constitution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n &_o some_o have_v creep_v in_o by_o success_n of_o time_n and_o by_o insensible_a degree_n so_o that_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o a_o regular_a form_n can_v not_o well_o be_v institute_v from_o the_o very_a original_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o some_o remarkable_a mutation_n of_o it_o either_o by_o the_o founder_n or_o author_n of_o that_o mutation_n either_o through_o their_o unskilfulness_n or_o because_o the_o urgency_n of_o their_o affair_n or_o temper_n of_o the_o people_n do_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o consider_v of_o the_o mean_n of_o do_v it_o otherwise_o nay_o oftentimes_o through_o either_o the_o carelessness_n of_o those_o that_o govern_v or_o by_o some_o other_o '_o occasion_n a_o disease_n invade_v the_o commonwealth_n which_o when_o it_o have_v take_v such_o deep_a root_n that_o it_o can_v be_v expel_v with_o out_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o government_n there_o be_v nothing_o then_o to_o be_v do_v then_o that_o the_o disease_n shall_v cease_v to_o be_v so_o by_o a_o public_a sanction_n and_o that_o which_o hitherto_o be_v usurpation_n faction_n on_o contumacy_n may_v for_o the_o future_a become_v a_o privilege_n or_o right_n so_o much_o of_o irregular_a government_n or_o monarchy_n but_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n the_o same_o author_n speak_v of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n where_o when_o he_o have_v first_o prove_v what_o it_o be_v that_o make_v any_o power_n be_v call_v supreme_a in_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o that_o he_o who_o have_v this_o power_n must_v be_v free_a from_o punishment_n and_o not_o obnoxious_a to_o humane_a law_n and_o that_o he_o have_v confute_v the_o long_a parliament_n distinction_n of_o a_o real_a and_o personal_a majesty_n and_o that_o king_n proper_o so_o call_v must_v be_v superior_a to_o all_o the_o people_n and_o have_v answer_v the_o objection_n to_o the_o contrary_a at_o last_o he_o proceed_v §_o 7_o to_o show_v what_o absolute_a power_n be_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o find_v alike_o in_o all_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o give_v we_o the_o true_a original_a of_o limit_a government_n his_o sense_n be_v so_o good_a that_o i_o shall_v not_o much_o contract_n what_o he_o say_v but_o give_v it_o you_o as_o it_o be_v §_o 7._o 8_o 9_o 10._o beside_o it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o in_o some_o commonwealth_n the_o royal_a authority_n be_v free_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o its_o act_n but_o restrain_v to_o a_o certain_a mode_n of_o act_v from_o whence_o arise_v the_o distinction_n of_o empire_n into_o limit_a and_o absolute_a where_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v explain_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n absolute_a which_o be_v so_o odious_a to_o those_o who_o have_v have_v their_o education_n in_o free_a commonwealth_n indeed_o the_o same_o word_n be_v ill_o interpret_v may_v incite_v some_o prince_n to_o vex_v their_o subject_n and_o to_o commit_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o wickedness_n flatterer_n add_v fuel_n to_o the_o fire_n who_o be_v still_o ready_a to_o encourage_v the_o ambition_n and_o other_o vice_n of_o their_o prince_n at_o this_o rate_n sir_n you_o be_v absolute_a therefore_o if_o it_o please_v you_o it_o be_v lawful_a therefore_o you_o may_v tire_v out_o your_o own_o subject_n and_o all_o your_o neighbour_n with_o unnecessary_a war_n that_o you_o may_v appear_v a_o mighty_a monarch_n and_o set_v forth_o your_o own_o glory_n therefore_o you_o may_v affront_v and_o insult_v over_o who_o you_o please_v and_o drain_v your_o subject_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o exaction_n that_o you_o may_v have_v wherewith_o to_o serve_v your_o luxury_n or_o ambition_n according_a to_o the_o flattery_n of_o anaxarchus_n to_o alexander_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o clitus_n that_o right_a and_o wrong_n indoct_v plutarch_n ad_fw-la princi_n indoct_v do_v sit_v by_o jupiter_n that_o whatsoever_o the_o king_n do_v aught_o to_o be_v account_v right_a and_o just_a so_o that_o there_o be_v some_o who_o go_v about_o to_o establish_v the_o absolute_a right_n of_o king_n by_o argument_n that_o seem_v to_o have_v no_o other_o measure_n thereof_o then_o impunity_n and_o a_o licence_n to_o vex_v their_o people_n therefore_o as_o by_o a_o absolute_a liberty_n of_o particular_a man_n be_v mean_v their_o judge_v of_o their_o own_o affair_n and_o action_n according_a to_o their_o own_o and_o not_o another_o judgement_n yet_o still_o suppose_v their_o obligation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o this_o liberty_n belong_v to_o all_o man_n who_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o subject_a to_o another_o will_n so_o where_o divers_a man_n have_v unite_v together_o into_o a_o perfect_a commonwealth_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o same_o liberty_n or_o faculty_n of_o appoint_v resolve_v all_o mean_n necessary_a for_o their_o own_o safety_n shall_v now_o exist_v in_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o in_o a_o common_a subject_n which_o liberty_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o high_a authority_n or_o a_o right_n of_o prescribe_v those_o mean_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o of_o compel_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n therefore_o in_o every_o commonwealth_n proper_o so_o call_v there_o must_v be_v a_o absolute_a power_n at_o least_o habitual_a though_o not_o always_o exercise_v for_o it_o must_v be_v answerable_a to_o superior_a and_o to_o have_v a_o right_n of_o judge_v of_o its_o own_o affair_n by_o its_o own_o judgement_n and_o will_n therefore_o that_o absolute_a power_n imply_v nothing_o in_o its_o self_n unjust_a or_o intolerable_a be_v easy_a to_o be_v perceive_v from_o the_o end_n of_o institute_v of_o commonwealth_n for_o indeed_o we_o never_o constitute_v they_o that_o neglect_v natural_a right_n thing_n shall_v be_v do_v out_o of_o a_o wicked_a and_o perverse_a lust_n or_o humour_n but_o that_o the_o security_n and_o safety_n of_o singular_n may_v be_v more_o convenient_o look_v after_o by_o the_o joint_a assistance_n of_o many_o so_o that_o they_o may_v more_o safe_o and_o with_o more_o leisure_n live_v after_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o virtue_n yet_o when_o this_o supreme_a authority_n be_v consider_v as_o it_o be_v confer_v upon_o one_o man_n or_o one_o council_n consist_v of_o all_o or_o few_o as_o in_o its_o proper_a subject_n it_o be_v not_o always_o free_a and_o absolute_a but_o in_o some_o place_n limit_v by_o certain_a law_n indeed_o in_o democracy_n the_o difference_n between_o absolute_a and_o limit_a power_n seem_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v observe_v for_o although_o in_o every_o democracy_n there_o must_v needs_o continue_v certain_a institution_n receive_v by_o use_n or_o establish_v by_o write_a law_n at_o what_o time_n and_o by_o who_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v assemble_v and_o public_a business_n propose_v and_o execute_v since_o without_o such_o thing_n a_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v understand_v yet_o since_o that_o council_n consist_v of_o all_o the_o citizen_n in_o who_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n reside_v nothing_o can_v hinder_v but_o those_o constitution_n may_v be_v alter_v or_o abrogate_a at_o any_o time_n by_o the_o same_o people_n that_o make_v they_o but_o in_o aristocracy_n and_o monarchy_n where_o there_o be_v some_o who_o command_n and_o other_o who_o obey_v and_o so_o a_o right_n arise_v to_o these_o from_o the_o promise_n and_o command_v of_o the_o other_o there_o do_v plain_o appear_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o absolute_a and_o limit_a power_n he_o be_v therefore_o absolute_a who_o exercise_v his_o authority_n according_a to_o his_o own_o discretion_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o any_o certain_a or_o perpetual_a constitution_n but_o as_o the_o present_a condition_n of_o affair_n require_v and_o who_o do_v so_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o its_o occasion_n direct_v he_o from_o whence_o the_o word_n absolute_a be_v so_o far_o from_o imply_v any_o thing_n unjust_a or_o hateful_a in_o itself_o or_o intolerable_a for_o freeman_n that_o it_o shall_v rather_o lay_v upon_o such_o absolute_a prince_n necessity_n of_o great_a care_n and_o circumspection_n if_o they_o will_v acquit_v themselves_o of_o their_o duty_n and_o discharge_v their_o conscience_n as_o they_o ought_v then_o on_o those_o to_o who_o a_o certain_a form_n of_o dispatch_v public_a affair_n be_v prescribe_v so_o dio_n chrysost_n orati_fw-la 62._o describe_v a_o absolute_a prince_n thus_o a_o good_a prince_n covet_v nothing_o because_o he_o suppose_v himself_o to_o possess_v all_o thing_n he_o abstain_v from_o pleasure_n since_o he_o may_v enjoy_v whatsoever_o he_o please_v he_o be_v just_a than_o other_o as_o he_o who_o be_v to_o be_v a_o example_n of_o justice_n to_o other_o he_o take_v pleasure_n in_o business_n because_o he_o labour_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n he_o love_v the_o law_n because_o he_o do_v not_o fear_v they_o and_o of_o all_o these_o he_o right_o persuade_v himself_o
for_o who_o have_v great_a need_n of_o prudence_n than_o he_o who_o deliberate_v of_o such_o great_a affair_n who_o of_o more_o exact_a justice_n than_o he_o who_o be_v above_o the_o law_n who_o of_o a_o more_o severe_a modesty_n than_o he_o to_o who_o all_o thing_n be_v lawful_a who_o of_o great_a fortitude_n than_o he_o who_o keep_v all_o thing_n in_o safety_n yet_o because_o the_o judgement_n of_o any_o one_o man_n in_o discern_v that_o which_o true_o conduce_v to_o the_o public_a safety_n may_v be_v easy_o deceive_v neither_o be_v there_o in_o all_o man_n that_o strength_n of_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v know_v how_o in_o so_o great_a a_o liberty_n to_o govern_v their_o passion_n and_o lust_n as_o herodian_a li._n 1._o cap._n 4._o well_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v difficult_a in_o the_o high_a liberty_n for_o a_o man_n to_o restrain_v himself_o &_o as_o it_o be_v to_o bridle_v his_o own_o desire_n therefore_o it_o seem_v most_o convenient_a to_o divers_a people_n not_o to_o commit_v so_o great_a a_o power_n to_o one_o man_n sole_a discretion_n and_o he_o no_o more_o free_a from_o error_n than_o other_o but_o rather_o more_o subject_a to_o vice_n and_o therefore_o will_v rather_o prescribe_v the_o prince_n a_o certain_a form_n or_o method_n of_o dispatch_v of_o public_a affair_n after_o it_o be_v at_o first_o find_v out_o what_o sort_n of_o constitution_n or_o form_n of_o dispatch_v public_a affair_n do_v best_o suit_n with_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v constitute_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v at_o first_o raise_v to_o that_o dignity_n by_o the_o free_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n upon_o those_o condition_n for_o if_o it_o seem_v grievous_a to_o take_v the_o supreme_a authority_n because_o he_o can_v not_o manage_v it_o as_o he_o please_v he_o may_v have_v refuse_v it_o if_o he_o will_v so_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o oath_n by_o which_o they_o be_v oblige_v upon_o their_o take_v this_o authority_n ought_v to_o restrain_v they_o and_o their_o successor_n from_o go_v about_o to_o make_v themselves_o absolute_a by_o secret_a machination_n and_o design_n much_o less_o to_o subvert_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o force_n paneg._n plin._n paneg._n since_o a_o oath_n be_v not_o more_o religious_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o than_o he_o who_o it_o most_o chief_o concern_v not_o to_o be_v perjure_v for_o that_o be_v too_o weak_a which_o some_o maintain_v that_o since_o king_n be_v ordain_v by_o god_n who_o enjoin_v they_o a_o true_a discharge_n of_o their_o duty_n which_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o most_o absolute_a power_n and_o therefore_o god_n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v confer_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o power_n on_o all_o king_n as_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v the_o least_o part_n thereof_o to_o be_v diminish_v or_o circumscribe_v and_o that_o the_o people_n can_v neither_o right_o require_v or_o oblige_v their_o king_n to_o it_o no_o more_o than_o there_o can_v honest_o be_v make_v such_o a_o bargain_n between_o a_o husband_n and_o a_o wife_n that_o he_o shall_v connive_v at_o her_o steal_a pleasure_n but_o as_o we_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o as_o all_o civil_a government_n be_v from_o god_n yet_o be_v so_o leave_v in_o man_n disposal_n at_o least_o to_o those_o that_o god_n do_v not_o give_v any_o particular_a law_n to_o what_o sort_n of_o government_n they_o will_v set_v up_o as_o phil._n melancthon_n in_o his_o epitome_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n honest_o teach_v that_o the_o form_n of_o kingdom_n be_v different_a and_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v some_o degree_n of_o liberty_n more_o than_o in_o other_o for_o god_n approve_v all_o form_n of_o government_n that_o be_v agreeable_a to_o right_n nature_n and_o reason_n and_o as_o i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o where_o any_o divine_a precept_n extant_a that_o a_o free_a people_n be_v about_o to_o choose_v itself_o a_o king_n shall_v choose_v cajus_n rather_o than_o titius_n no_o more_o be_v there_o any_o certain_a form_n divine_o establish_v under_o which_o and_o no_o other_o authority_n be_v to_o be_v confer_v on_o prince_n neither_o be_v these_o man_n any_o way_n help_v by_o that_o place_n of_o 1_o sam._n 8._o where_o some_o will_v have_v only_o the_o bare_a unjust_a practice_n of_o king_n that_o the_o true_a right_n of_o all_o king_n be_v to_o be_v there_o describe_v but_o grotius_n lib_n 1._o c._n 4._o §_o 3._o take_v a_o middle_a way_n lay_v down_o that_o there_o the_o bare_a action_n of_o a_o king_n be_v describe_v yet_o what_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o right_n to_o wit_v a_o obligation_n of_o non_fw-fr resistance_n so_o that_o however_o a_o king_n may_v act_v against_o his_o duty_n when_o he_o commit_v such_o thing_n yet_o that_o his_o subject_n seek_v no_o more_o to_o resist_v than_o if_o he_o have_v act_v thus_o by_o the_o high_a right_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v add_v that_o the_o people_n press_v by_o those_o vexation_n shall_v cry_v to_o god_n because_o there_o remain_v no_o humane_a remedy_n so_o that_o this_o be_v call_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n in_o that_o sense_n as_o the_o roman_a praetor_n be_v say_v jus_o reddere_fw-la to_o judge_v right_a even_o then_o when_o he_o decree_v unjust_o however_o i_o conceive_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o this_o place_n may_v be_v thus_o understand_v there_o have_v be_v hitherto_o a_o democracy_n among_o the_o hebrew_n but_o that_o which_o often_o resemble_v that_o sort_n of_o kingdom_n which_o aristotle_n call_v heroical_a the_o judge_n incite_v by_o a_o divine_a instinct_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n rescue_v the_o oppress_a people_n from_o their_o enemy_n or_o else_o in_o peace_n judged_n cause_n but_o in_o other_o matter_n be_v rather_o endue_v with_o a_o power_n of_o persuade_v than_o command_v but_o yet_o their_o equipage_n and_o state_n be_v small_a be_v not_o bear_v or_o increase_v by_o any_o public_a tax_n yet_o the_o people_n weary_a of_o this_o government_n will_v have_v a_o king_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v who_o shall_v appear_v in_o great_a state_n and_o splendour_n and_o shall_v maintain_v a_o constant_a guard_n or_o at_o least_o shall_v still_o exercise_v his_o subject_n in_o arm_n that_o they_o may_v still_o be_v able_a to_o meet_v their_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n see_v sam._n xiii_o 2._o fourteen_o 48_o 52._o now_o samuel_n that_o the_o people_n may_v consider_v of_o it_o sober_o before_o hand_n lay_v open_a to_o they_o the_o prerogative_n of_o such_o a_o king_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o that_o government_n you_o will_v have_v a_o king_n remarkable_a by_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o splendour_n but_o such_o a_o one_o must_v be_v attend_v with_o a_o numerous_a train_n and_o so_o will_v take_v your_o son_n and_o appoint_v they_o for_o himself_o and_o to_o be_v his_o horseman_n and_o to_o run_v before_o his_o chariot_n you_o will_v have_v a_o king_n who_o shall_v maintain_v a_o army_n but_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o he_o appoint_v he_o captain_n over_o hundred_o and_o captain_n over_o fifty_n and_o this_o must_v be_v of_o your_o son_n who_o be_v use_v before_o to_o look_v after_o your_o own_o business_n only_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o the_o state_n of_o his_o office_n will_v not_o permit_v this_o king_n to_o till_o his_o own_o land_n therefore_o of_o your_o son_n will_v he_o set_v some_o to_o ear_n his_o ground_n and_o reap_v his_o harvest_n and_o to_o make_v his_o instrument_n of_o war_n and_o since_o beside_o he_o must_v need_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o attendance_n and_o that_o it_o will_v not_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o daughter_n to_o look_v after_o the_o houshold-affair_n therefore_o he_o will_v take_v your_o daughter_n to_o be_v confectioner_n to_o be_v cook_n and_o to_o be_v baker_n he_o will_v likewise_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o many_o servant_n to_o dispatch_v the_o business_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n and_o who_o all_o must_v have_v salary_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v take_v your_o field_n and_o your_o vineyard_n and_o your_o olive-yards_n and_o give_v they_o to_o your_o servant_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o will_v take_v the_o ten_o of_o your_o seed_n and_o of_o your_o vineyard_n and_o give_v to_o his_o officer_n and_o to_o his_o servant_n and_o he_o will_v likewise_o when_o he_o have_v need_n take_v your_o man-servant_n and_o your_o maidservant_n and_o your_o young_a man_n and_o your_o ass_n and_o put_v they_o to_o his_o work_n in_o short_a he_o say_v no_o more_o than_o this_o if_o you_o will_v have_v a_o king_n he_o must_v be_v maintain_v like_o a_o king_n and_o a_o
observe_v a_o law_n law_n note_v the_o antiquity_n of_o of_o this_o excellent_a law_n whereby_o they_o oblige_v their_o judge_n by_o oath_n that_o if_o the_o king_n require_v a_o unjust_a sentence_n from_o they_o they_o shall_v refuse_v he_o and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n it_o be_v note_v that_o antigonus_n 3._o write_v to_o his_o city_n that_o if_o by_o his_o letter_n he_o shall_v command_v anything_o contrary_n to_o his_o law_n they_o shall_v not_o obey_v it_o but_o shall_v think_v he_o fail_v through_o ignorance_n or_o misinformation_n and_o oftentimes_o importunate_a request_n be_v clude_v this_o way_n whilst_o the_o prince_n seem_v for_o quietness_n sake_n content_a to_o grant_v what_o he_o know_v will_v be_v make_v void_a by_o this_o senate_n or_o court_n of_o parliament_n france_n as_o it_o have_v be_v often_o in_o france_n yet_o when_o the_o king_n be_v resolve_v that_o his_o will_n shall_v hold_v good_a and_o look_n upon_o the_o contrary_a reason_n of_o this_o parliament_n as_o not_o weighty_a enough_o to_o convince_v he_o it_o can_v then_o any_o long_o contradict_v the_o king_n will_v for_o it_o be_v not_o presume_v that_o the_o king_n by_o constitute_v such_o a_o court_n will_v irrevocable_o abdicate_v his_o right_n of_o absolute_a power_n so_o that_o this_o senate_n or_o parliament_n have_v indeed_o but_o a_o derivative_a power_n from_o the_o king_n to_o be_v limit_v as_o he_o himself_o shall_v please_v although_o perhaps_o he_o will_v not_o exert_v this_o power_n but_o upon_o weighty_a consideration_n nor_o do_v this_o court_n make_v the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n less_o than_o absolute_a since_o it_o only_o give_v he_o occasion_n to_o review_v his_o own_o act_n and_o as_o it_o be_v appeal_n from_o himself_o when_o surprise_v with_o passion_n prejudices_fw-la or_o misinformation_n to_o himself_o in_o a_o more_o indifferent_a and_o considerate_a temper_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n if_o they_o meet_v only_o for_o this_o purpose_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n great_a council_n by_o which_o the_o request_n and_o complaint_n of_o his_o people_n which_o often_o time_n be_v conceal_v in_o his_o private_a council_n may_v come_v to_o the_o king_n ear_n who_o be_v then_o leave_v free_a to_o enact_v what_o he_o think_v expedient_a vid._n gro._n li._n 1._o c._n 3._o §_o 10._o but_o a_o kingdom_n be_v true_o limit_v when_o the_o subject_n at_o first_o confer_v it_o on_o the_o king_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v assemble_v the_o estate_n concern_v some_o act_n without_o who_o consent_n this_o decree_n shall_v not_o be_v valid_a yet_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o call_v and_o dissolve_v this_o assembly_n and_o to_o propose_v the_o business_n to_o be_v dispatch_v therein_o unless_o we_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o set_v up_o a_o irregular_a commonwealth_n and_o leave_v the_o king_n no_o more_o than_o a_o empty_a title_n but_o if_o these_o state_n be_v so_o convocate_v do_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n propose_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o conceive_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o the_o decree_n or_o act_n constitute_v concern_v they_o take_v their_o force_n from_o the_o king_n pass_v they_o yet_o such_o a_o assembly_n of_o estate_n do_v differ_v from_o counsellor_n proper_o take_v in_o this_o that_o although_o both_o of_o they_o can_v only_o move_v the_o king_n by_o reason_n only_o yet_o the_o king_n may_v very_o well_o reject_v the_o reason_n of_o these_o latter_a but_o not_o of_o the_o former_a neither_o aught_o the_o king_n to_o think_v himself_o contemn_v if_o these_o estate_n do_v not_o consent_v to_o some_o thing_n of_o his_o propose_v for_o as_o he_o promise_v at_o first_o to_o have_v always_o before_o his_o eye_n the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o a_o great_a many_o choice_a man_n be_v suppose_v to_o judge_n more_o certain_o than_o one_o a_o king_n may_v most_o common_o blame_v his_o own_o imprudence_n passion_n or_o ill_a fortune_n if_o the_o state_n happen_v to_o differ_v from_o he_o from_o whence_o it_o likewise_o appear_v that_o their_o fear_n be_v vain_a who_o think_v that_o by_o this_o mean_n it_o be_v at_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o estate_n whether_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v be_v safe_a or_o not_o for_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v so_o negligent_a as_o to_o omit_v lay_v open_a to_o his_o estate_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o that_o the_o estate_n be_v full_o satisfy_v of_o they_o will_v ever_o go_v about_o to_o betray_v their_o own_o safety_n but_o this_o be_v certain_a since_o those_o who_o have_v confer_v the_o limit_a power_n can_v be_v presume_v either_o to_o intend_v to_o destroy_v or_o dissolve_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o by_o their_o confederacy_n to_o order_v thing_n so_o that_o the_o end_n of_o all_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v obtain_v in_o it_o therefore_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v that_o favourable_a interpretation_n make_v of_o those_o convention_n that_o they_o real_o desire_v the_o common_a safety_n and_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a thereunto_o so_o likewise_o in_o make_v this_o compact_n that_o whatsoever_o they_o have_v so_o agree_v to_o they_o be_v still_o to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v that_o intention_n that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o reason_n of_o those_o condition_n or_o part_n which_o shall_v prejudice_v the_o common_a safety_n and_o public_a utility_n or_o whereby_o the_o convulsion_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n may_v follow_v but_o if_o such_o a_o chance_n shall_v happen_v it_o will_v be_v most_o convenient_a that_o if_o the_o affair_n will_v allow_v of_o delay_n it_o shall_v be_v propose_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n but_o where_o this_o can_v be_v do_v it_o may_v be_v the_o king_n duty_n dexterous_o to_o correct_v those_o complaint_n that_o may_v break_v out_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o also_o be_v of_o the_o the_o same_o force_n in_o respect_n of_o public_a law_n agesilaus_n pint._n in_o the_o life_n of_o agesilaus_n which_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o supreme_a law_n command_v sometime_o to_o be_v silent_a as_o agesilaus_n command_v the_o law_n of_o lycurgus_n to_o sleep_v for_o one_o day_n that_o those_o may_v return_v without_o ignominy_n that_o have_v flee_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o levetra_n however_o mr._n hobbs_n will_v allow_v no_o distinction_n between_o limit_a power_n and_o absolute_a but_o will_v have_v all_o supreme_a power_n to_o be_v absolute_a when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o all_o those_o assertion_n which_o be_v too_o rude_o lay_v down_o by_o he_o there_o be_v a_o restriction_n to_o be_v add_v from_o the_o and_o of_o all_o commonwealth_n as_o in_o what_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o his_o the_o cive_z cap._n 5._o §_o 6._o that_o he_o to_o who_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n there_o belong_v the_o right_a of_o punish_v can_v by_o right_o compel_v all_o to_o all_o thing_n he_o please_v or_o as_o he_o express_v this_o limitation_n in_o the_o same_o place_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o common_a peace_n and_o safety_n and_o cap._n 6._o §_o 13._o when_o by_o the_o right_n of_o the_o supreme_a governor_n he_o say_v there_o be_v connect_v so_o great_a a_o obedience_n of_o all_o the_o subject_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o when_o in_o the_o place_n aforego_v he_o say_v who_o ever_o have_v so_o subject_v his_o own_o will_n into_o that_o of_o the_o prince_n that_o he_o may_v do_v whatever_o he_o please_v without_o punishment_n as_o also_o make_v law_n judge_n difference_n punish_v who_o he_o please_v &_o use_v the_o strength_n &_o power_n of_o all_o man_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n perform_v all_o these_o thing_n by_o the_o high_a right_n he_o have_v then_o grant_v he_o the_o great_a power_n which_o can_v be_v grant_v but_o it_o be_v now_o to_o be_v consider_v by_o what_o intention_n or_o on_o what_o ground_n man_n be_v move_v to_o institute_v commonwealth_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o no_o body_n be_v understand_v to_o have_v confer_v more_o power_n by_o his_o will_n upon_o the_o monarch_n than_o a_o reasonable_a man_n can_v judge_v necessary_a to_o that_o end_n and_o that_o although_o the_o order_n what_o may_v conduce_v to_o this_o end_n in_o this_o or_o that_o occasion_n do_v not_o remain_v in_o those_o that_o have_v transfer_v their_o power_n but_o in_o he_o on_o who_o that_o power_n be_v transfer_v therefore_o the_o supreme_a ruler_n can_v compel_v the_o subject_n to_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v real_o conduse_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o go_v about_o to_o compel_v they_o to_o