of his Will were Gabriel Goodman Deane of Westminster an vpright man and Thomas Bellot Steward of his Houshold to whom he left great summes of money to be bestowed vpon pious vses which was done accordingly Although the earnest desire which Burghely had of peace effected not the same yet it greatly eased the costs charges of the warre for in the time of sicknesse the States sent ouer I. Duuenword Admirall of Holland I. Oldenbarneuelt Keeper of the Seale to whom they ioyned Natales Carrone their Agent here in England and all they preferring warre before peace agreed vpon these conditions in August which Sir Thomas Egerton Lord Keeper Essex the Admirall George Lord Hunsdon Buckhurst Knolles Cecill and Fortescâ—e Delegated by the Queene First That the League made in 1585. except onely some Articles concerning the administration of their Kingdome should be still in force and vertue Secondly That the States of the vnited Prouinces should pay the Queene 800000. pounds of good money of England viz. as long as the warre lasted against the common enemy 30. thousand pounds yearely till such time as they had payd 400. thousand pounds But if so be the peace were concluded by the Queene and Spaniard of that which remained they should pay twenty thousand pounds a yeare till they had payd eight hundred thousand pounds Thirdly That the States should pay one thousand one hundred and fifty English men at Garison in Flushing Brill and the adioyning Forts thereto Fourthly That they should presse English Souldiers vnder English Leaders which they should giue pay to Fiftly If it should chance that the Spaniard should inuade England the Isle of Wight Garnsey Iarsey or the Sillin Ilands that the States should aide England with fiue thousand foot and fiue hundred horse Sixtly That if so be England furnished a Nauie out against Spaine that the States should ioyne ship for ship therto As also if that any forces of the English were sent ouer into Flanders or Brâ—bant that they should ioyne iust as many and as much prouision Lastly That for the monies that are due to Pallauicine from the Queene which she borrowed for them the Queene should write to the Prouinces of Brabant and Flanders and the rest that are out of the Leagues By these Couenants was the Queene eased of infinite charges who euery yeare was at more or lesse then twenty thousand pounds charges with them which now she was eased of by the discretion of Burghley and the care of Sir Thomas Bodley and George Gilpine who succeeded him in the Councell for the States For Bodley being now eased of these troublesome affaires wholly commended himselfe to the care prouision for good learning worthy indeed the care of the greatest King for he began to restore the publike Library at Oxford first instituted by Humphrey Duke of Glocester but afterwards in the daies of Edward the sixt rob'd of all the Bookes almost This Library hee hauing bought with his money and other mens beneuolence the choicest Bookes that were so furnished it with them and dying left such reuenewes to it that he is worthy to be celebrated eternally and liue as long as Learning Whilest these businesses are in hand betweene England and the States the Queene sends into Denmarke the Lord Zouch and Christopher Perkins to congratulate with him his marriage with the Daughter of the Prince Elector of Brandenburgh Where with much difficulâ—y they regained the paiment backe of thirty thousand Dollers for Merchandizes which the Danish had laid hands vpon that were worth an hundred thousand Dollers And about this time also Philip the King of Spaine made sure his Daughter Isabell to Albert Cardinall of Austria and with her as a Dowry he bequeathed to him the Prouinces of the Low Countries and the County of Burgundy Whereupon the Cardinall hauing duely sent backe to Rome his Cardinals Cap and his consecrated Sword being receiued of the Pope he makes haste into Spaine But in the meane time the King of Spaine aboue seuenty yeares of age in September departed this troublesome life with great patience A Prince he was certainly whose Dominion extended so farre and neere beyond all the Emperours that he might truely say in his Motto Sol mihi semper lucet the Sunne c. he atchieued great wisedome from his fathers counsell which he improued with long experience in the affaires of this world but commonly as hee mannaged many warres so was he vnfortunate in most of them for the most part by reason that he himselfe being of a milde weake nature was gouerned by others wary counsels and his warres followed by them and not by himselfe Whereupon it came to passe that the three keyes of the Spanish Empire which his Father so called and willed him before all things to keepe diligently to wit first Gulet in Africa Flushing in Holland and Gadez in Spaine were neglected The first taken in by the Turkes the second by the Low Country confederates of the vnited Prouinces and the third much impaired and its strength much impouerished by the courage of the English not so much to the losse as disgrace of so great a King which it is likely his Father foreseeing in his life time is reported to haue admonished him to make peace with the English and the States of the Low Countries And euen much about this time George Clifford Earâ—e of Cumberland returned home into England who had at his proper cost and charges furnished a Nauy of eleuen ships to surprize some Portugall Caracks that set forth from the Riuer Tagus to the East Indies But it being heard that he houered about the costs of Portugall the Caracks tarried so long vnder Saint Iâ—lians Fort furnished with a hundred great Peeces of Ordnance that they lost the opportunity of that yeares voyage Wherefore the Earle hee bends his course towards the Canary Island and hauing taken and ransackt Lancerata and the towne after that he landed at Boriquene and setting his troopes in order hee assaulted Porto Ricâ— and hauing taken by force one or two Forts he at last got the towne not losing hardly thirty of his men in the skirmish although there were three or foure hundred souldiers at Garison besides the Townesmen And here the Earle determined to seat all his warre by reason that it was such a fit place that it was called by the Spaniard the Key of America wherefore he remooued all the Inhabitants although for ransome of that place they offered great store of Merchandise and Gold and Siluer But the bloudy 〈◊〉 and the griping in the belly did so rage amongst the English that in forty dayes for so long he continued there it consumed away seuen hundred which compelled him necessarily to returne home againe with great spoiles but greater victory yet in his spoiles hauing some threescore peeces of Ordnance of Brasse Certainly this voyage was occasion of great dammage done to the Spaniard by reason that
of this combating with Bookes whether in earnest or deceitfully vndertaken the Councell came to finde out that both the Iesuites and the Priests in this matter secretly conspired to withdraw the Subiects of the Queene from their obedience to her and to excite the Commonalty to the maintenance of the Romish Religion euen with Armes Hereupon the Queene by Proclamation commanded the Iesuites and Secular Priests belonging to them to depart the Kingdome as for the rest that seemed to be mediators betweene both they had two moneths allotted to resolue whether or no they would professe loyalty to the Queene if not to he gone and neither of both sorts euer to returne againe except they will hazard the punishment of the Law and without doubt this Proclamation came out by the great prouidence of God to auert a great meditated mischiefe For amongst these affaires Thomas Winter as hee himselfe afterwards confessed and Tesmund a Iesuite being sent for by some of them into Spaine vnderwent most pernicious consultations to cut off the Queene and to exclude Iames of Scotland from his Right of inheritance And not onely these in England but also in the Low Countries seditious Souldiers conspired against the Arch-Duke and in France also some stâ—â—red vp commotions against the King insomuch that a storme seemed by some Starre to be raised against all Christian Kings and Princes In France Marshall Byrone who had practised wicked counsels against his Countrey and with pricking words wounded the Maiesty of the King was now beheaded I doe not well know whom the Marshalls confession detected but amongst others it so aymed at the D. of Bulloigne that being commanded to shew himselfe before the King he appeared not but fearing the anger of the King and the power of his aduersaries about the Court hee with-drew himselfe into Germany The French King made his great complaint of him to Queene Elizabeth accusing his marriage with his Sister Mary of Florence as vnlawfull and the Popes dispensation as vneffectuall and that thereby his Sonne was illegâ—timate That he had allotted the Prince of Conde to succeed in the Kingdome That he conspired the destruction of the chiefest Catholikes in France That he had conspired to betray the vnited Prouinces to the Spaniards that would giue most for them That he detracted from the Iudgement of the Parliament at Paris by appealing to the Court of Warre which indeed had no Iurisdiction in such matters as those That he tooke exception against his accusers which in case of Treason is not lawfull to doe Concluding that these things were nothing but tergiuersations in detracting all Iudgements and arrogating to himselfe the Kings authority Wherefore he asketh councell of the Queene what hee should doe in this matter She answereth him by her Leager in France that she was exceeding sorry to heare of these things and that she esteemed it great honour done to her that he would impart it vnto her She much commended his moderate minde which being suggested by so great dangers yet was rather guided by the councell of his friends then the affection of his owne selfe As concerning the councell which he required she made answer that if the proofes were as manifest against him as the obiections were odious he should do well to proceed legally against him but that it was dangerous for her to councell him to any thing till such time as the proofes were cleare against him left perchance she should offend God if so be he were innocent or offend the King if he should suspect his own safety to be neglected wherefore that she held it most fitting in soâ—doubtfull a case to be silent Yet withall she requesteth the King to vse both iudgement and conscience in his councell and accurately examine both the accusations and confessions to see whether or no they come from men of trust vncorrupted and no way suspected of partiality by reason that commonly no mans innocency can protect him from others base calumny Withall informing him that bare assertions are but slender proofes to informe the conscience of a iust Iudge against a man of so well-tried vertue and valour As also that those obiected crimes being not amply prooued did seeme as incredible to be fathered on such a man as they are in their owne nature execrable For who would belieue said she that hee being brought vp in the feare of God and continuing so long in an vnspotted loyalty euen in greatest dangers both towards his King and Countrey should euen imagine now such mischieuous villany against so well a deseruing Prince or euer ioyne councell with men both of lost estates and hopes with whom there was neuer any conformity of manners or religion and from whom hee could not but expect perfidious dealing Wishing him rather to suspect that these suggestions were coyned in the Spanish Mint to set the French againe together by the â—ares The King heaâ—d this with discontented eares and forthwith burst out into these words THe Queene thinkes better of Bouillon theâ— he deserues For he was amongst the chiefest of Essexes conspiracie neither dissembled â—e it when I obiected it to him but smiling put me off without an answere Then he constantly affirmed that those things obiecâ—ed were most true Then he recalls the benefits he had be bestowed on him as first that he numbred him amongst his Family then that he procured him a rich match with the heire of the Family of Bouillon that he had set him in the possession of Sedan that he honoured him amongst the Nobles of the Inward Admission that he made him Duke and Marshall and that once he had resolued to shew mercy to him if he would come aske pardon but now since he scorned it and out of an ill conscience since he fled away he saw no reason of shewing mercy now againe to him Then he added how that in the like case he interceded with the Queene for the Earle of Essex till hee vnderstood the â—einousnesse of his fact and then he gaue ouer The Embassador returned that the Queene only thought well of the Duke because hitherto he had shewen his loyalty and valour towards his King and Country but that she would be very sorry if that the obiections should be found true as it was in Essexes case and that then she wou'd detest and hate him from her very heart Concluding that this her admonition proceeded from no other ground then her minde troubled aswell for the Kings safety and security as her owne If we may belieue the French Writers and the politick'st English Byrone Bouillon and others perswading themselues that by their loyalty and valour they had brought the King to the Crowne and now perceiuing that the King was indulgent towards the Conspirators against his life and belieued them soonest as men best deseruing and recompencing their offence by duty and disposing of honours giuing them those Offices now in peace which before they possessed in time
to be hanged ibid. he is recalled ouer into England 117 Fitz-Thomas created Earle of Desmond 255 Flemmings Leader of the Horse in Ireland 232. his valour 356 Flemming the Queenes Attourney his accusation of Danuers 329 A Fleet sent to Spaine 10. to Cadiz 156. to the Islands of Azores 178. to the East Indies 58. to the Magellan streights 59. to Guiana 129. to the Spanish coasts vnder Leuison 361 Another Fleet sent to America vnder Sir W. Rawleigh 72 Fletcher Bishop of London the Queen discontented with him and wherefore 175. he dieth ibid. Flores the Island yeelds to the Earle of Essex 183 Flushing in Holland tearmed by King Philip one of the Keyes of the Spanish Empire 225 Folliot a Commander in Ireland 355. he is sent home by the Deputy 376. but first made Gouernour of Ballashanon ibid. Fonseca one of the Spaniards priuie Councell and his Embassadour in the Low Countries delâ—gated at the Treaty of Bullen 272 Forts in Ireland Blackwater besieged 232. yeelded to the Rebels 233. at Moghery 348. and Fort Montioy erected in Ireland 376. Fort Charlemont 375. Fort Mont-Norris 259 Fortescue Master of the Ward-robe to the Queene 27. a good Graecian and Tutor to the Queene ibid. Delegated to heare the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 67. Delegated againe for the Queene about making new couenants with the States 223 Fourbisher hath part of the Nauy committed to him by Rawleigh 72. he expects Generall Norris in the Bay with ten Englishmen of warre 108. shot thorow the Hip with a Bullet 109. dyeth at Plimmouth ibid. France in great troubles 18. it was to descend to the King of Nauarre but the Catholique Princes would exclude him because he was a Protestant 19. the holy League in France ibid. Henry the third of France slaine 21. the Duke of Maine declared Lieutenant Generall of the Crowne and State of France 22. her priority before Spaine 272. why not in the Councell of Trent ibid. Francis the first of France incorporated the Dutchy of Britaine to the Crowne of France 35 French Law that whatsoeuer is once annexed to the Crowne of France can neuer be dismembred from it 35 Fredericke Spinola Leader of some Gallies into Flanders 252 Fuentes dealeth with Lopez and Ferreira and Lowise about poysoning the Queene 104 G GAdiz tearmed by King Philip one of the Keyes of the Spanish Empire 225. the expedition of the English thither 156. they enter the Towne 162. their victory and spoiles 163 Gallies at their first making caused great admiration 252. the Queene also makes her some 41 Gardiner Lord chiefe Iustice of Ireland 200 Gates knighted at the expedition to Gadiz 164 Garnet superiour of the Iesuites in England 368 Garnsey Island fortified by the Queene 91 Gaueloc the base sonne of Shan-O-Neale strangled by Tir-Oen himselfe 40. the reason ibid. Gaunt Duke of Lancaster his expedition into Spaine dangerous and hurtfull to the English 17 Geneua succoured by the Queene 374. the Commons liberality in contribution and the Clergies ibid. Gemeticensis cited against the Booke of Doleman 101 Gerard a Knight witnesse against the Earle of Arundell 9. the custody of the Isle of Man committed to him 115. and why ibid. two ships St. Andrew and St. Philip preserued by his care 161 Gertrudenbergh deliuered vp to the Spaniard by the English Garrison 11. at which the States are angry with Sir Iohn Wingfield the gouernour of it ibid. Gill. Mericke knighted at Gadez voyage 164 Gifford knighted at the expedition to Gadez ibid. Giffard a Diuine an English fugitiue 106 Gilbert knighted at Gadez voyage 164 Gilpin succeedeth Sir Thomas Edmonds in Councell for the States 224 Godolphin sent to Don Ivan D'Aquila about his yeelding 357 Gorge sets the Councellors of the Queene at liberty 307. a report that he discouered all to Rawleigh 304 Gordon of Achindon subscribes to Blanks sent into Spaine 67 Gowries brothers their treason against the K. of Scots 286 Goodman Deane of Westminster 223. ouer-seer of the Lord Burghley's Will ibid. Glanuile a Port nominated for the English by the French King 44 Glamise surprized by the Earle Huntley 2. he is afterwards dismissed 3 Glanemire Castle yeelded to the English 269 Greenuil Captaine of the Reare-Admirall 56. he is assaulted ibid. grieuously wounded 57. he is sent into the Spanish Admirall where within two daies he dies 57 A Gloue sent to Hawkins vpon which he yeelds 111 Gourney taken by Essex and Birone 47 Graham Fentreé a fauourer of the Spanish party punished 100 Gratiosa yeelds to the Earle of Essex 183 Gratley a Priest Letters of his produced 6. he reconcileth the Earle of Arundel to the Romish Church ibid. Graue a Master of a ship 183 Greames his valour in the Irish warres 269. he certifieth the Deputy of the enemies approach 355 Lord Grey one of the Earle of Arundels Peeres 4 Grey knighted at the expedition to Gadez 164 Grey of Wilton an enemy to the Earle of Essex 245 Gauran a Priest accompanies Mac-Guire in his rebellion 93. he is made by the Pope Primate of Ireland 94. he is slaine ibid. Greuill helpes to besiege Essex house 308. he informes the Queene of many that were ignorantly lead into danger by the Earle of Essex 322 Greene-Castle reuolts from the Queene 197 Gregory the thirteenth Bishop of Rome leauieth an Armie vnder the Duke Mont-Martin against the K. of France 44 Groining desireth the Queene to be their Protectrix she being loth to distast the States of the Low Countries will not receiue that honour 32 Groine assaulted by the English 11. they take the base towne 12. they assault the high towne in vaine and depart 13 Guerch surrendred vp to the English 85 Guise his valour shewen at Poitiers 19. he is called the Hammer of the Protestants ibid. vpon his entry at Paris the King was faine to retire to Bloys 20. where shortly after he caused the Duke of Guise to be slaine ibid. Guiana Rawleighs voyage thither 129 H HAdington in Scotland the battle there 39 Hacket his education 49. his reuelation ibid. his disciples 50. his hatred to the Queene 51. he sends his disciples abroad 52. he is apprehended and condemned 53. his blasphemy at the time of his execution 54 Hamet King of Morocco promiseth assistance to Antonio to recouer Portugall 11. but sends none 15 Hagan comes to the Earle of Essex for a parley with Tir-Oen 241. the second time also ibid. Hanse-Townes threescore of their Hulkes taken by the English 16. they complaine thereof to the Queene 17. their priuiledge granted by King Edward the first how to be vnderstood and what clause was in it 18. they complaine to the Emperour of Germany concerning the English that breake their Customes and priuiledges 137. the Queene satisfies the Emperour in that matter by Perkins ibid. notwithstanding they cease not complaining 190. they cause the Emperour by Proclamation to forbid all Merchants traffiques in Germany 191. the Queene dealeth in vaine to suspend this Edict ibid. Wherefore she also
put to flight his Catholique Maiesties forces the most potent Prince in Europe landed in fowre seuerall places marched with banners displayed in the enemies ground seuen dayes together attempted one of their greatest cities with no small forces lodged three nights together in the suburbes thereof chased the enemy to their owne gates tooke two castles by the sea side and vnfurnisht the enemy of great store of warlike prouision Yet wanted there not some discontented detractors who by interposing the losse of six thousand souldiers and mariners which the violence of the disease swept away sought to discredit the true glory of this noble and heroicke enterprize But certainely by it England hath learned not to feare the conceited power of the Spaniard and is now better flesht against the next occasion of the like seruice It hath beene much controuerted concerning the originall cause of this disease amongst thâ— English whether or no it proceeded from immoderate drinking of wine and excessiue eating of fruit from the naturall disproportion of theirs and our ayre or from all of them And it is an obseruation as worth our wonder as our memory that expeditions from England into Spaine haue beene for the most part euer infortunate to this Nation as was that of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster about the yeere of Grace MCCCLXXXVI wherin of twenty thousand Englishmen ten thousand died And that of the Marquesse Dorset in the yeere 1512. wherin of ten thousand English a disease murthered 1000. in a short space and that in the hithermost coasts of Spaine But the obseruation of the learned may giue this wonder a probability of reason For they argue that an army comming from the South into the North is thereby the more hardened according as the Inward heat is either remitted or intended by the outward ayre and that that of Vitruvius is very true They that remooue out of cold countries into hâ—tter cannot long continue But they that come from hot countreyes into colder in the North doe not impeaâ—h their health by this change of ayre but confirme it When that the tract of small time had acquainted those of the Hanse townes with the vnexpected surprizall of their captiue Hulkes they begin to fashion their discontents into a forme of complaint seasoned with some weake 〈◊〉 which they present to the Queene concerning the violations of their ancient Priuiledges and customes The Queene returnes them this answer That her former admonition to them of not transporting come or any other warlike prouision to the Spaniard had made this surprizall which they complayned of very lawfull and that it could be thought of no otherwise vnlesse that they would haue her preferre their Priuate commodities before the good publique of her owne common wealth That shee ought not to auouch such Priuiledges which are onely Priuate Lawes against the safety of her Dominions whiâ—h is a Supreme Law And that the same Act with which they vrge the violating of their customes doth annihilate their complaints for that in the Priuiledge granted to them by King Edward the First there is this clause interweaued That they should not transport or conuey any 〈◊〉 or merchandize into the countreyes of manifest and notorious enemies of the Kingdome of England That therefore in the heat of any warre their Traffique was wont to be stayed when they furnished eyther enemy And that not onely the English serued them so but euen Charles the fift the King of Sweden and Denmarke and Poland and not long since the Prince of Orange and all iustly euen according to the Law of Nations wishing them heereafter so to vse the benefit of their neutrality that whilest they aâ—â—isted the one they iniured not the other party And lastly gently admonishing them of their vnseemly threats especially to a Prince who in respect of Ability dreaded not the mightiest Monarch breathing yet in respect of her Honour would imbrace a peace with the meanest and most constantly obserue all lawes of Neighbourhood And of this her constancy the King of Nauarre and France was no small witnesse one whereof shee succoured both with money and munition to the suppressing of a difficult warre and the other she established in quietnesse euen vpon the very point of despayre of it Foâ— to digresse yet a little in the way the Duke of Aniou brother to the King dying without issue the King at that time being both without children and the very hope of euer hauing any the kingdome of France was lineally to descend to the King of Nauarre and afterwards to the Prince of Conde both zealous professours of the Reformed Religion Whereupon the Catholike Princes of France not vnknowne either to the Pope or to the Spaniard complotted a diuellish conspiracy wherin they had onely interested the cause of Religion and therefore termed it the Holy League vtterly to ouerthrowe the King by heaping the enuie of the whole land vpon him and so by peruerting the naturall course of succession with that to ruinate also the Reformed Religion They that impiously combined themselues in this conspiracy bound themselues by a strong oath neuer to suffer any one to rule France that eyther had euer or was likely to professe any Religion but the Romane Catholique that they would neuer allow of one that being brought vp and bred in the Reformed Religion should afterwards absolutely forsweare it least hauing once gotten the Kingdome he should change his Religion with his State Who could be so besotted in his iudgement as not to see that this businesse tended onely to excluded Nauarre and the Prince of Conde Yet notwithstanding the mystery of this conspiracy wrought so couertly that it was long ere it could come to ripenesse For first the Duke of Guise the chiefe Head of this villany hauing valiantly defended Poitiers against the Protestants and vanquished the Germane horsemen sent by the Duke of Alenzon and scattered the mighty leauy of Germanes vnder the conduct of Baron D'onawe was so infinitely magnified both by the Laity and the Popish Clergie of France that to the preiudice of the King himselfe he was euery where stiled the Sole defender of the Catholique Religion and the Hammer of the Protestants Vpon but his very 〈◊〉 into Paris at one time there arose such an vproare amongst the inconstant people that the King for the safety of his person was compelled to impeach his owne Honour to retire from Paris and to call a Councell aâ— Bloys In which Councell his necessities droue him to a forced patience of these inconueniences to consent to this Holy League by his expresse Proclamation in Iulie to root out the Reformed Religion to constitute the Duke of Guise the Great Master of the French Warres and to seale to him the confirmation of these Articles with the receipt of the Sacrament The King himselfe now fearing him whom he himselfe had made thus to be feared and so great that no Law could question him or
hauing professed her loue to all her people first protested that all her care onely watched to this entent that the glory of God and the Common-wealth might be enlarged and that she would spend onely to that end all whatsoeuer they should bestow vpon her After that with her flowing â—loquence quickly and liuely she runnes through how farre she alwaies hath beene from a sâ—â—ggish want of courage how that trusting still to God and the buckler of her good conscience she neuer knew how to feare nay not her greatest and her most potent enemies Lastly to put courage into their hearts she discoursed very accurately of the valour of the English and among other things that euen our enemies themselues could not but acknowledge that the English out of a naturall inbred valour were alwayes prompt to vndergoe any dangers and that they found so much indeed by experience too although they dissembled it that they should yet try it more fully if so be that the English slept not too much in security or be not fallen vpon being vnprouided then concluding with hearty thankes for Subsidie monies she promised to dedicate all her thoughts to God and the good of the Common-wealth And indeed how she performed this promise towards God let the Ecclesiasticall Writers tell what punishment she inflicted vpon Henry Barowe and his Sectaries who by the seed-plot of dangerous opinions condemning the Church of England derogating from the Queenes authority in spirituall matters had not a little distempered the peace of the Church But as concerning her promise towards the good of the Common-wealth certainly she amply also fulfilled that in employing all her greatest care to weaken the strength of the Spaniard to hinder all his proceedings and possibly to remoue his forces out of Britaine And as she did this so likewise bestowed she little lesse care and paines to keepe them from Scotland instly fearing lest that a troublesome confusion of affaires which we haue said was in Scotland might open a doore for the Spaniard to both Kingdomes destruction For she had most certainly vnderstood that the Popish Nobility of Scotland bad by the tricks and plots of the Priests conspired to bring in the Spaniard into Scotland to alter the Religion there and to set vpon England on that side and that one Creicton a Iesuit whom she had lately set at liberty hauing passed his faith that he would neuer combine against the good of England had vnder this pretence passed ouer often into the Low Countries and into Spaine She wisely foresaw that the Comminalty of Scotland especially those in the west parts would be easily corrupted with Spanish gold also she weighed how full of Hauens the Scottish shores were how warlike the Nation it selfe was and how well furnished in Horsemen how easily then they might enter England as at a backe-doore Besides all this considering of what an vnstable loyalty the English themselues were that are neighbours ot Scotland most of them being Papists and euery one desirous of innouations who had their meanes and their hopes in their own hands And lastly that there is alwaies more courage in them that doe oppugne then in them that defend who as it were onely cast dice for their owne lot Wherefore she gaue the King of Scotland to vnderstand these things admonishing him to keepe vnder his Nobility betimes and willing him to exercise his Regall power ouer such seditious persons that hee might not seeme to reigne at their pleasure And truely he did that of his owne accord by instituting seuere Lawes against the Papists and the Abettors of them as in that he punished Dauid Graham Fentrey for being secret to the conspirators as also in that he persecuted the Earles of Anguise Huâ—tlâ—y and Aroll whom he easily scattered a sunder Bothwell in the meane time hauing laine lurking in England collogued with the Queene by his flattering letters promising that if the King of Scotland would but enter him into his fauour againe he would faithfully serue and obey him and much weaken the Spanish faction withall entreating her to intercede with the King for his pardon But the Queene assoone as she vnderstood that the King of Scotland tooke it but very iâ—l that Bothwell had beene entertained here in England she detesting his impious rashnesse that he durst offer violence to his Prince the expresse â—igne and Type of God himselfe and put him into so great feares sent the Lord Borough on an Embassie into Scotland that he might truely informe the King that Bothwell was not harboured here but that he secretly crept in and that she would seuerely punish those that had entertained him withall she incensed the King against the Spanish faction wishing him to procure a new Association of Protestants to keepe himselfe in safety and to defend Religion against all outward seditions with hearts and hands knit together and this was shortly after effected The Lord Borough hauing expected the Kings returne out of the Northerne quarters of Scotland demanded these things in writing from him That he would certifie the Queene of all the Spanish enterprises against England that he heard of That by his iustice he would defend his Regall authority and if that he could not execute iustice vpon the bodies of such Traitours that hee would haue their goods confiscated That he would chause into his Councell men of pure and well-tried trust That all these things he would certifie the Queene of by his owne hand that both she and also all other Princes of the same religion might easily vnderstand with what a prouident care he resisted the enemies thereof Lastly that he would take order for a peace in the Borders of both Kingdomes Adding withall That if these things were done she would not be wanting in any thing as she lately was not in seuerely mulcting those Englishmen that had entertained Bothwell To these things distinctly the King answered that he had certified her of all the machinations of the Spaniard as soone as he found them out that as speedily as hee could hee had persecuted all the Rebels punishing some with losse of goods and others with life That he had appointed Lieutenants in their Dominions and that he would haue all of them banished by act of Parliament and after their banishment their goods should be confiscated That he would admit to Councell onely men of sound iudgment of purity in Religion and loue to their Countrey and that he would witnesse all this to the Queene with his owne hand-writing that he would also take order about the Borderers But then that it was meet that the Queene should furnish him with monyes to bring this to passe both to resist the Spaniard and his owne Rebels that were of great wealth and strength Last of all hee required that She would punish those that fauoured Bothwell and since hee was a fellow of vnexpiable villany detestable before all Princes euen to example that shee would
Queene in about Forty seuen thousand two hundred forty and three Crownes of the Sunne and her charges in sending ouer forces vnder the Earle of Essex Two hundred thousand sixe hundred and forty more both women and men mourning that their Sonnes and Brothers were slaine before and not reserued for to lose their liues in the defence of their owne Country About this time Lomené flies ouer into England and although he dissembled not the taking of Cambray yet he lies hard at the Queenes mercy to send ouer more auxiliary forces into Picardy and afterwards would that there should be Delegates chosen to treate about the manner of the warre Which when it seemed somewhat preposterous both to the Queene and her Councell he being impatient of the very shew of a deniall imputed to the Queene the losse of Cambray obiecting also that she delighted in the miseries of his King and would bring him to a peace with the Spaniard assoone as possibly he could She forthwith answered him presently and the King in her Letters by Sir Thomas Edmonds who then supplyed the place of an Embassadour that she tooke it very sorrowfully that Cambray was lost but yet more sorrowfully that Lomené should impute the losse thereof to her because her assistance was not as ready as their expectation and necessity Demonstrating that the narrow streights of the limited time could not produce those â—orces and that it was no wisdome the French hauing beene once or twise vanquished to cast her Souldiers vpon the triumphing cruelty of the Spaniard leâ—t that while she should so much esteeme his misery she might be compelled to relieue it with the losse of the liues of many of her Subiects and the loue of the rest Yet that she was so farre from reioycing at his vnfortunate misery or driuing him to a peace with their common enemy that neither he himselfe nor any man else without the preiudice of his discretion could light vpon any suspition especially if so be he would but recall to his memory the good Offices wherewith she honoured him the sacred bond of their friendship She promised all aid though not such as his desire yet such as her necessity could affoord confessing that both their fortunes were hazarded vpon one chance That none should need to require helpe from her against the Spaniard who since such time that hee put on hatred against England and vpon no other ground then because his enuy should encrease on the one â—ide as fast as her mercy did on the other in relieuing the distresses of her Neighbours neuer ceased either by Sea or Land to infringe the greatnesse of his power or to bend it from it's proper and assigned obiect euen that now all her thoughts haue beene euen bespoken to be employed against him and his Nauy and that therefore her excuse for not aiding him presently stood warrantable in Iustice vnlesse that she should vncloath her own Dominions of forces to furnish her Neighbours And by reason that she had heard it whispered into a common talke by the French as that she doubted of the Kings constancy in his friendship or beheld his prosperous succeeding with the eie of enuy or sorrow she protested that as such thoughts should be vnworthy of the brest of a Prince so were they of hers and were neuer harboured there Besides this she willed Edmonds to inculcate daily into the Kings memory that it is the part of a King sometimes euen to thwart the resolution of his priuate brest to giue some publike satisfaction to the desires of the people because the goodwill of the people is the rocke of the Princes safety And that since he himselfe had wisely done so for the preseruation of the loue of his people he could not value her good will by her outward performance which she abstained from for the loue she bare to her people to whose duty loue obedience and valour she accounted no ordinary blessing of God Their valour France it selfe could well testifie where many to get credit renowne lost their liues more would haue lost them there but that the dolefull cries of Mothers the grones of Kindreds and the lamentations of young children mourning the losse of their Fathers before they knew them had interceded a little for them and but that the affaires of warre at home or at least great rumour of warre had reprieued them to a longer time of execution That if the King would weigh these things in an vnpartiall iudgement she did not doubt but he would be sufficiently contented with this her answer that he would stop vp the eares of those that for the furtherance of the greater good of the common enemy had occupied all their endeauours to vnbinde their Peace That this is the principall endeauour of many that by their ill Offices they might rob the Prince of the good will of his Subiects and the hearts of his couragious Commons But on the other side the miseries of France multiplying as contiâ—ually as their warres many men incited the King to enter into a League with the Spaniard Perswasions were drawne from the actions of the Queene of England who they said did nothing but feed his eares with empty promises Some on the other side againe busied all their inuentions to deterre him from it especially Catharine of Nauarre Sister to the King the D. of Bulloigne Vmpton the Leager there obiecting incontineÌ„tly that his hope of Peace with the Spaniard would relie but vpon weake grounds if he should consider how long the Spaniard had deâ—ained from him Nauarre his Grandfathers Kingdome how he had molested all France and quartered it out into his owne possessions how he challenged little Britaine as the inheritance of his Daughter and how he hired a faigned Right for her to England against the King of Scots in Bookes set forth to that purpose insomuch that he seemes by the vertue of his vast conceipt to haue swallowed vp vnder his owne gouernment the huge Monarchy of all Europe When the King began to shut his eares against so forceable perswasions the Queene began in her minde much to question his promise and doubt of performance but more especially when she vnderstood out of the Colledge of Cardinalls that the Pope of Rome had entred him into a blessing of the Church vpon these conditions and these words HE shall abiure all heresies he shall professe the Catholique faith in that forme that shall be â—ere done by his Embassadours Hee shall bring in the profession of it to the Principality of Bearne and shall nominate all Catholike Magistrates in that Prouince He shall vndertake within a yeare to bring the Prince of Conde out of the hands of Heretiks and shall see him well instructed and grounded in the Catholike faith Hee shall cause the Decrees of the Councell of Trent to be published and receiued throughout all the Kingdome of France In all Churches and Monasteries hee shall nominate
little with Tir-Oen O dâ—nell and the rest of the Rebels and perswade them to peace Now these other Rebels rendred vp their grieuances and occasions of trouble likewise their seuerall petitions man by man Tir-Oen complained that H. â—agnall Marâ—hall of the Irish forces had 〈◊〉 the right intent of all his labours that with 〈…〉 defamâ—tions he had thrust him out of fauour with the Queene and almost from his ranke and degreâ— toâ— that to his great preiudice also he had intercepted his Letters sent to Captaine Norris and concealed them that hee detained his wiues dowry that wâ—s allotted 〈◊〉 Witâ—â—ll protesting that before hee was â—roclaiâ—â—â— Tâ—aitour â—e neuer 〈◊〉 with any forreine Prince He humbly beg'd pardon for him and his that they might be restored to their former estates That he might freely exercise his Religion For indeed as yet there was scarce any inquisition made about religion Neither did the Rebels harbour any thought of that when they first ioyned into a faction Intreating also that Marshall Bagnall might pay him a â—housand pounds of English â—â—ony in dowrie for his Wife decealed That there mightlye no men in Garrison in the County of Tir-Oen nor Sheriffe nor any such like Officers That he might be restord to his wing of fiftie Horse at the Queenes pay as before he was Leader of That those that shall prey vpon any of his may be subiect to punishment Which things if they were granted he promâ—â—sed not to omit any duty of a good Subiect also to 〈◊〉 to the Archbishop of Armagh and the 〈◊〉 that they may vse and enioy their owne rightâ— and posseâ—â—ions O donell hauing first reâ—urned to their memories the loyalty of his Father and his Ancestours to the Kings and Queenes of England sorely complained that Bome an Englishman and a Commander of Souldiers vnder pretencâ— of informing the people in hâ—mility and ciuility was sent 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Deputy into their Prouince where he was courteouâ—ly 〈◊〉 by his Father and certaine Townes alloâ—â—d him but yet for all this that hee behaued himselfe most Deputy they would not yeeld vnto them But the misery of a few daies â—iege soone quelled their hot courages the Castle being taken and euery one of them slaine Norris and â—enton being gone into Conaugh could hardly perswade the Rebels to a peace who being hainously incensed against Bingham did for a time nothing but dally and delay the time and at last concluded but an vnfaithfull peace in all probability being counselled to it by Tir-Oen For he began now to cast about doubtfull speeches that he could not but suspect that he was dealt deceâ—â—fully with in that the L. Deputy and Norris agreed no better togethâ—â— in that they that went to the Deputy in his name concâ—â—ning a peace were but in a manner sleighted by him in that the Deputy was all for warre encreasing his forâ—â—s daily with supplies from England in that hee detained the Spaniards Letter which he sent vnto him so dutifully and in that the Marshall his greatest enemy had newly returned with a new Commission from England So that vpon this he began to spoile his neighbouring Lands and diâ—ide them into preyes but shortly afterwards being troubled with the conscience of his villany and being giuen to vnderstand that there was likely to be a peace with England and Spaine he made great shew that he earnestly desired peace with all his heart It were too tedious to examine all the particular couerings of this his dissimulation but to speake in a word whensoeuer there was any danger hâ—ng ouer him from the English he would so craftily countenance his dissimulation both with gesture of face and humble words that the counterfeit repentance which he seemed to haue of his wickednesse coâ—sened all with the beliefe of a serious one till such time as that opportunity of persuing was lost and his forces necessarily to be seuered and dismissed But there was no greater reason of his so much belieued submission and of his continuall pardon then the sluggish gaine of the Irish Commanders the neere parsimony of the Counsellours in England and the inbred mercy of the Queene which alwaies desired to end these rebellions which she neuer thought worthy the name of a warre without warre and rather to lose the prosecution on her due iustice then any subiect should in the passion thereof lose his life But how full the heart and hands of Tir-Oen were of perfidious treachery doth easily hence appeare in that the very same moneth in which he receiued his pardon He O-donell 〈◊〉 Mac-Williams and the Family of Clan-shees sent secretly their Letters to all the Nobility in Munster that sauoured of the Romish Religion wherein they most sacredly promised the assistance of their vtmost helpe for the defence of the Roman Catholike religion withall solemnly vowing and protesting that they would neuer enter into any peace with the English wherein besides all of the confederacy were not also comprehended Also a little after Tir-Oen when Feagh Mac-Hugh came suppliant for the like pardon as Tir-Oen had incensed him to awaken that drowsie rebellion in Leinster which he did presently for forthwith he seised vpon the Fort ouer against Ballencure demolished it and still with a continuall preying runnes ouer all Leinster although the Lord Deputy followed close at the heeles Besides this hee stirred vp also Peter and Iames Butler Nephewes to the Earle of Ormond to continue in their rebellion And these things he dealt vnder hand in and secretly but the Winter comming on apace displayed his villany which so long had gone apparalled in innocency for then he publikely forbad that prouision should be carried to the Garrison at Armagh against the expresse conditions of their agreements he murthered some priuily that were carrying and others that purueyed for wood Nay and he himselfe so violently assaulted the Garrison that thirty of them were slaine He sent forth Henry Oge-Man-Shan his sonne in Law to set fire on the Villages thereabouts and to follow the prey about the Riuer Boyne and he himselfe most treacherously attempted the surprizall of Carlingford Câ—stle When the Deputy and the rest of the Counsellours expostulated with him about this admonishing him that if he â—â—â—eemed of the safety of his hostages or willed not againe to be proclaimed Traytor that he should not any way molest the Garrisons or hinder prouision to be brought vnto them To them he replied that he stood to his agreements but that the Deputy if not against his couenants yet against his promise had sorelâ—â—y molested Feagh Mac-Hugh and that the Garrison at Kelly had slaine vnworthily Owen Mac-Collâ— that thereupon he doubted what also might become of him and his Wherefore he entreated that there might be a new Coâ—â—oquâ—e or Parley appointed for him either with the Deputy or with Norris for a better composition of affaires which were troublesoâ—e on both sides And whilest there is a consultation thereof he suffereth
the great losse of the Merchanâ—s There was great store of wâ—rlike prouision found in the City and greater store of money whilest euery one grew master of what he could snatch for himselfe The wisest men of iudgement considering the losse of the Spaniards ships that were fired and that were taken his great pieces of Ordâ—ance that were 〈◊〉 and that were taken and his prouision of victuals thâ—â— was spâ—nt haue adiudged the dammage to amount to twenty times 1000000. Dukats No man amongst the English of any note was loâ—t besides Captaine Wingfield who was most honourably buâ—ied in the chiefe Church there with militarie obsequies For a reward for their approued 〈◊〉 there were about some threescore braue men knighted the chiefest whereof were Robert Earle of Sussex Count Lodowicke of Nassaw Don Christophâ—râ— a Portugall and Sonne to Don Antonio William Lord Herbert and Sommerset The Lord Bourke an Irishman William Howard Son to the Admirall Robert Dudley George Deuereâ—x Henry Neâ—ill Edwiâ— Ricâ— Richard Leuison Anthony Astley Henry Lenâ—ard Hâ—ratiâ— Vere Arthur Throgâ—â—â—rton Miles Corbet Edward Conway Oliuer Lambert Anthony Cooke I. Tounsend Christopher Heydon Francis Popham Philip Woodhouse Alexander Clifford Maurice Berkley Charles Blunt George â—ifford Robert Crosse. Iames Skidmore Vrian Leigh I. Lee. Richard Weston Richard Wainman Iames Wotton Richard Rudall Robert Mansell William Mounson I. Bowles Edward Bowes Humphrey Druell Aâ—ias Prestoâ— Robert Remington Alexander Ratcliffe â— Bâ—cke I. Morgan I. Aldridge William Ashinden Matthew Browne Thomas Acton Thomas Gates I. Stafford Gill. Mericke Thomas Smith William Pooly Th. Palmer I. Louell I. Gilbert William Heruey I. Gray Iohn van Duâ—enuâ—rd Melchior Lebben Peter Redgemort N. Medkerke Afterwards they treated of redeeming Captiues on either side and then argued whether they should leaue Cadiz or retaine it still Essex thought good to retaine it because then they should be like vnto a naile vpon a sore to the Spaniard he himselfe vndertooke to remaine there with foure hundred Souldiers if they would but furnish him with prouision for three moneths But the rest disagreed from him for euery man hauing gotten wealth and credit enough thought long till hee was at home againe insomuch that they would not allow him prouision for one moneth nor one ship but vnwillingly droue him to leaue Cadiz But before they went they ransackt all the Island demolished the Fortresses set fire on most of their houses and on the fift of Iuly hauing bagg'd vp their spoiles the whole Fleet set from Cadiz with these Testimoniall from the Spaniards THat the English in religious matters shew themselues Heretiques but in all other affaires warlike prouident and truely noble From thence first they come to the Towne of Pharâ— whence the people all fled where a ready furnished Library fell as a prey to the Earle of Essex and there about some Spanish Gallies that followed a farre off began to draw neere but being commanded by the Admirall to depart they forthwith obey and turning away bid the English ioyfully God buy An impetuous and violent Northâ—winde hauing clearely droue the Fleet into the maine Sea at the Promontory of S â— Vincent the Counsell sat vpon it whether or no they should goe vnto the Islands Azores and there expect the returne of the Indy Caraques â—ssex propounded to them a dimission of all the Land-forces and ships by reason of want of prouision of victuals and of diseases that had sorely taken the Marriners onely desiring two of the Queenes ships and ten other wherewith he would go to the Islands Azores and there expect the Carackes returne from the Indies This no man else assented to but Thomas Howard and the Low-Country men So that when Essex could not obtaine this by much perswasion he got euery man to testifie his opinion in the matter with his owne hand if perchance the not doing of it should be obiected as a crime to any of them At last he very hardly preuailed so much with them that they would goe to the Grâ—ine but there was not one ship espied nor in the next harbour Faroll When hee throughly vrged them that they should land their Forces and set vpon the Groyne or going by the shore side of Galitia set vpon the ships that lay in St. Sebastians Hauen and Sr. Andrewes they would not so much as heare him talke thereof but euery man with full sailes hastned into England and left him with some few more behinde who complained much that there was nothing more done obiecting to them many errours in the Councell of warre which they quickly satisfied thinking themselues masters of wealth and glory enough that hauing giuen such damages to the Spaniard they returned safe with great spoiles and not one ship lost or cast away If that there were any errour by reason of them it seemed onely to be so because all things were not at ones command But the Admirall ioyned himselfe with the Earle of Essex with good deliberation that thereby he might well temper his young heat and courage and his desire of glory with his mature moderation and well aduised resolution Although out of this that haue beene already said it doth sufficiently appeare how great glory and profit redoundeth to the Queene and Kingdome by this expedition and how great damage to the Spaniard yet it shall not seeme amisse to reckon out of the Earle of Essex his memoriall or Iournall these things more amply First For the glory of the English England expected not the Spaniard that mighty puissant Prince threatning and preparing a most dreadfull warre against her but challenged him in his owne dunghill they dispersed and vanquished his so readily furnished Nauy and the very greatest ships among them they brought home two great Galleons in triumph and with a few of their ships put to flight fifteene Spanish Gallies They set many English Gally-slaues at liberty and to the praise of the mercy of the Nation let goe many Spanish Captiues They ouercame one of the best fortified Cities of Spaine almost asâ—oone as they saw it continuing 13. whole daies in the enemies ground Secondly For the profit of the English besides those two great Galleons to encrease the English Nauy they took 100. great Brasse pieces of Ordnance and many other spoiles both Souldiers and Marriners returned well fleshed with spoile to their better encouragement for the like expedition Thirdly For the losse of the Spaniard He lost thirteene of his best Men of warre forty Merchants Indie ships and foure other for traffique besides he lost great store of warlike prouision both for ship and victuals insomuch that not vnder a long time he seemed able to furnish another Nauy He lost all occasion of trading this yeare into Noua Hispania in America And which is a thing of no small moment thereby the English haue learned what an easie thing it is to surprize the Spanish Sea coasts at any time The Queene very courteously entertained
Ecclesiastical causes searching out all poore widows and Papists houses They took away almost by way of robbery al Vessels Chains Iewels or any thing that bare vpon it the picture of Christ or any of the Saints They seuerely exacted the allowance by the way due to Apparitors and cousened many poore silly fearefull people of their money that they might not appeare before the Magistrates Some of these being taken were compelled to restore againe what they had thus robbed men of and were set in the Pillory their eares clipped off and branded in the forehead as cheaters and couseners Yet for all this this seuerity could not keepe vnder this villany that had spred abroad vntill publique notice came that Apparitors should not demand their Viaticum before those that were cited did appeare and the Apparitors also with them before the Magistrate If that many were cited by the same Commission vpon one and the same day the Apparitors were also to be present If that any man that was cited suspected his Apparitor hee might warne him before the next Iustice of Peace to be examined that it may be knowne whether he be one or no. They who were cited vnder paine of excommunication were not to bribe the Apparitor that they might not appeare Also that the Apparitors take no such bribe vnlesse they would lose their places be imprisoned and lyable to seuere punishments This yeare returned Thomas Arundell of Wadour whom the Emperour created Earle of the Holy Empire and all and euery one of his Heires his Posterity and those that shall descend from him lawfully begotten of either sex Earles and Countesses of the Holy Empire for because the Queene in her Letters had commended him as her kinsman and because he had deserued so great an honour in his braue behauiour in the Hungary warre against the Turke This title whosoeuer is master of are said to enioy by vertue thereof these priuiledges that in all Imperiall Diets they haue both place and voyce they may purchase Land in the Empire they may muster vp Voluntaries and need not to appeare being cited to iudgement but onely in the Imperiall Chamber When he after his returne grew somewhat famous among the common people by reason of this Title there arose vpon it a question presently whether a Subiect ought to admit of any such Honour or Title from a forrâ—ine Prince his owne Prince being not acquainted with it There were indeed those that thought that such rewards for valour were to be allowed of from what Prince soeuer they were bestowed by reason that vertue growes lanke without her rewards of merit vrging the example of Henry the third King of England who very thankfully acknowledged Reginald Mohune made Earle of Somerset by the Apostolike authority of the Bishop of â—ome Also of Henry the eight who did so congratulate Robert Curson whom Maximilian the first Emperour had created Lord of the Holy Empire for his warlike valour that he reckoned him amongst his Lords of England and allowed him an annuall pension for the better maintenance of his dignity Besides they vrged some braue Scottish Souldiers as of Archibald Duglasse of Wigtone who receiued the Title of Duke of Tours from the French King and of Iohn Steward who was by the King of France made Earle D' Euereux that the Scottish kings esteemed this as an honour to the Nation But the Lords of England imagining that this would bereaue them and their Heires of some of their prerogatiues if so be they and their Heires were to giue place to such an vpstart Lord and his Heires for euer argued against it thus that such Titles of honour are neither to be receiued by the Subiect nor to be allowed of by the Prince That it is the property of the Prince for to conferre honours vpon his owne Subiects and not for any Forreiner to doe it according to the words of Valerian the Emperour LEt that be onely an Honour which is bestowed by our command Vrging that there is a great detraction both from the Maiesty of the Prince and the dutie of the Subiect if they may be tolerated to receiue Dignities from Forreiners For there must needs be a secret allegiance betweene him that is honoured and the party honouring That these kinde of Titles are nothing else but a cunning sleight to prefer men out of the obedience to their Prince to any strange Forreiner That there may be an action of theft against him that shall brand another mans sheepe with his marke Also that there may be an action of cousenage and deceit against him that shall spread abroad fodder to entice another mans sheep into his flocke And although mighty Princes are not bound to these Lawes yet are they by the equity of these Lawes and the Law of Nature As in the Citie and Common-wealth of Rome no man could be a Citizen of that and any other City whereupon Poâ—peius Atticâ—â— refused to be reckoned as a Citizen of Athens lest he should lose his right in the Citie of Rome So in the Common-wealth both of Venice and Genua whosoeuer receiue a Spirituall diginity from the Pope or any Temporall one from any forreine or strange Prince is held suspected of his Loialty and suspended from the vndertaking of any office publike Concerning the obiections they answered that indeed it might come to passe that Henry the third out of his simplicity and the times iniquity might allow of Reginald Mohune thrust into an Earledome by the Pope when as his Father hauing beene excommunicated and threatned depriuation was compelled to acknowledge himself the tributary King of the Pope of Rome and yet it appeareth vpon Acts and Records of those times that Mohune was not accounted as Earle of Somerset Concerning Henry the eight they made answer that he therefore accounted Curson as one of his Lords that he might obscure that shadowy title of Lord of the Holy Empire but withall obseruing that hee allowed him no voyce in Parliament But as for the Scots that it was no wonder if they receiued and allowed of honour from the French when they shew themselues to bee vnder the tuition of the French Floure-de-luce by their Kings armes and the Floure-de-luce therein Many indeed esteemed an Earle of the sacred Empire of no better ranke then a publike Notary as they esteemed all the Counts and Viscounts of the Holy Palace at Lateran created by the Pope or the Kings Physitians Lawyers Grammarians or Rhetoricians who hauing professed 20. yeares boasted themselues with the title of Count Palatines but we know that the Count Palatine is an honoured title and hath Princely iurisdiction in it's owne courts in Fees and fading heredities THe Queenes censure was that as a woman should not follow any man but her husband so a Subiect should not receiue any thing but from his owne Prince I would not sheepe my should be branded with anothers marke neither would I haue them to
against the League and also promised his Masters endeuours to reconcile the Queen and the King of Spaine The Queene hauing courteously entertained them promiâ—eth that the League should be renewed the goods if any were surprized should be restored and that no more should be surprized also that the Fishing should be lawfully vsed according to the ancient Leagues But concerning a peace with the Spaniard who had first brake it so treacherously and especially to get it by a third man that should seeme to procure such a commodity for her she thought it not to stand with her honour nor the weale of her Kingdome she for her owne part being sufficiently so enuironed by the loyalty and valour of her owne people that she feared not any man And last of all would she make a Peace or trust to it made since that he so maliciously at this very time did so molest his confederate the French King with a cruell warre For the Spaniard had now by this time vnder the conduct of Ferdinand Teglio a little Dwarfe but of great skill and valour taken Amiens the greatest and strongest City in Picardy by a warlike stratageme of ouer-turning a Cart in the Port or Gate and had now brought the French King to such distresse that hee was faine to intreat 4000. English to aide him from the Queene Which indeed she denied him not vpon this condition that he should giue them pay when as the Nauy sent out lately to the Islands and the Army in Ireland had much consumed her treasure The King solemnly protested that he was not able to pay and that he might obtaine them without pay certifies the Queene that a most commodious peace was offered him by the Popes Nuncio with an absolute restitution of all the places taken in France besides Calis and Ardes if so be he would seperate himselfe from the Queene and not haue League with her and that the French Nation beg'd for peace most earnestly The Queene made answere that she could not belieue that so great a Prince conioyned to her by necessity and much benefited by her especiall good will and but lately bound by an oath would admit of such faire deceitfull shewes to draw him from the League made betweene them and the oaths and protestations made by either parties onely because she could not in this so great necessity helpe him as otherwise she would And Anthony Mildmay the Leager there very earnestly and not without offence to the Kings eares expostulated with him these things a man truely of an open heart and a true Englishman who very often would accuse to their faces the French Counsellours of tergiuersation and too much inconstancy in their answers and lightnesse too as if they onely mocked England But shortly afterwards when some men shrewdly hallucinated that the purpose of the Spaniard bended onely and aimed at this marke that hauing broken the League betweene the French and the Queene and retaining Calis still in his possession he might the easier assault England from thence The Queene thought good to send him ouer aide and to pay the Souldiers her selfe if so be he would onely warre in Picardy or Britains to remoue the Spaniard farther if so be he would ioyne greater forces to them and allot the English a place of retyring For otherwise by reason of her motherly loue towards her Nation she would not send them to be butchered by the cruelty of the Spaniard onely for the pleasure or benefit of the French And besides she lent him great store of monies for the which and all his debts besides he pawned to her Calis if so be the Queene at her owne cost and charges within a set time recouered it and the better to recouer it he allotted the English Boloigne for a retyring place But whilest these things are in action the French reget Amiâ—ns from the Spaniard after a tedious and difficult siege For the which as in his Letters to the Queene dated in September appeares he was much beholding to Baskeruile that died at the siege and Arthâ—r Sauage two worthy Commanders and the valour of the English Nation But the happinesse of this was much bettered by the age and necessity of the Spaniard which creeping on him very fast excited him continually to a desire of peace For when experience had well informed him that his affaires consisted more in report then strength and that all his wealth was not able to represse the assaults of the English that the warre in the Low Countries was to be prosecuted and that the places which he had taken in France were also to be defended that he was now in a good old age and that his strength failed him that his Sonne was but of small age and lesse experience of affaires that the French were very famous for warlike exploits he thought it his best course by the meanes of the Bishop of Rome who should be as an arbitratour betweene them to treate with the French King about peace who indeed was as desirous as himselfe of it the Spaniard adiudging it better to conclude his troubles in a well-setled peace then to leaue them all hereditary to his Son whose yeres were too tender to goe through them with good successe And truely this peace was shortly made betweene them as we shall speake of in its proper place Assoone as the first suspition of this vnperfect peace came to the Queenes eares she imagining that it was only the better to molest England and entrap it strengthened her selfe before hand both with monies which she almost lacked and the good will and loue of her people which she much encreased For she called a Parliament at Westminster where she made many very good and gracious Lawes acceptable to the people Vid. Act. The States presently after send ouer to congratulate the restauration of the true Religion and the happy administration of the Common-wealth to congratulate also the deliuery of the Realme from the hands of bloudy enemies the defence and protection whereby Ireland was secured the aide and assistance which she vouchsafed both the States and the French After this that the Queene might the better be ready furnished with store of money the Clergy voluntarily granted her three Subsidies and the Lay people entreated the Queene to take of them three whole and entire Subsidies six Fifteenes and Tenths Withall requesting that the necessity of these her occasions might not be patterne for future ages to measure their liberality by towards the Prince To this Parliament was Thomas De-la-ware his Father William being dead called who gaue vp his Petition to the Queene to intreat her to restore him again to the ancient place of the Lord De-la-ware The occasion was this That his Father William hauing an Vnckle of his whose inheritance and honour he gaped after prouided poison for him and thereupon by the authority of the Parliament in Edward the sixt his time he was depriued and shut out
Country which by the helpe of God the fauour of the Queene were now growne to such a perfection that they were not onely able to defend themselues but euen to aide France if their necessity should require their assistance Then he shewes how earnestly the French King desired a league with them both of Offence and Defence which they agreed vnto onely for to pleasure the Queene and for her sake being certainly perswaded that a generall peace would make all sure thence not so much as imagining that so great a King would once so much as thinke of breaking it After this he largely dilated vpon this to shew how farre the Spaniards power to the danger both of France and her Neighbours would extend if so be those confederate Prouinces that were rich both in Armes and wealth were subiect vnto him Then hee appeales to the Kings conscience before God whither or no it were fit for a King to seperate himselfe from those with whom he had so firmely conioyned himselfe they offering him not the least occasion that was thereunto and after many reasons whereby they could not haue peace with the Spaniard he concluded THat some Kings haue neglected their Couenants and Leagues onely to encrease their power but commonly with sad successe For the affaires of Kings vnlesse they originally ground vpon truth and faith cannot well consist by power And yet for all this in the name of the States hee propounded that if so be the King would not hearken to the peace and would besiege Callis that the States at their own cost and charges would besiege another place to distract and seuer the enemies forces and to giue pay to seuen thousand Souldiers at the â—iege at Callis and to furnish fiue and twenty men of warre with all manner of prouision vpon condition that the king would allow to the siege three thousand Horse six thousand foot and six peeces of Ordnance The Chancellour of France indeed acknowledged these things to be worthy of consideration and to be signified to the King and he promised all his endeauours to hinder the proceedings of the peace and yet presently after hee made answer againe that this commodious peace France being in such a fainâ—ing estate was not onely to be embraced but euen by great necessity to be snatcht by all meanes The States thus altogether refusing the peace Cecill that had onely to deale for a generall peace by his Commission could not goe on forward in the matter but yet shewed â—o the said Counsellours of France that the Queene delayd not time in sending them ouer vnto theÌ„ neither that she denied their King her assistance if so be he would haue employed it against the common enemy to the commoditie of all the Confederates Hee shewed also that their necessity which they so much aggrauated beyond all beliefe was not so great being that all France excepct one or two Prouinces was reduced to the Kings obedience And concerning the embracing of opportunity they so often spake of he said he would not speake especially to those that lesse esteeme of their â—oyall ingagement in Couenants then of opportunities aduantage and measure their loyall Honour by their profit or thinke that the general good consists in the thriâ—ing of their particular occasions After his long discourse concâ—â—ning these and the like matters he desâ—red a respite the better to consider of this busines But they not granting him so small a courtesie hee required then to returne to the Kings memory how deeply by vowes oaths he had ingaged himselfe before the Earle of Shrewsbury after the confirmation of the League and before it by his â—etters signed and subscribed by his own hand withall he stuck not to say that indeed the Queen neuer miscaried in the performance of any of her Couenants but that the King had scarce kept any producing thereupon the contents of the Couenants And then gently he put them in mind that they would take some order how the monies due to the Queene might be repaied her that had now bin taught by their King hereafter better to looke to her own estate not bestow her benefits and good turnes so euilly and on vngratefull men Yet at length with faire speeches they dismissed him and the King acknowledging the infinit courteâ—ies receiuted from the hands of the Queene promised that he would doe any thing for her sake which lay in his power These things the Queene tooke very scuruily at his hands and forthwith she sent Letters ouer to him and Sir Thomas Edmonds her French Secretary whereby she gently and yet freely admonishes him to remember his word and promise to consider a little his conscience towards God and his good report among the people wishing him to take heed that by these faire promises and glozing consultations he ensâ—are not himselfe in worse difficulties Amongst these her graue admonitions would she now and then weaue in such â—linging sentences as THat if there were any sinne against the Holy Ghost it was ingratitude If that you get any good reasonable conditions of peace from the Spaniard you are beholding to the English for it Forsake not your true old friend for your new one is not like to him the religion of a League and the â—aith of Couenants are no where snares to entrap meâ— by but amongst wicked men A bundle tied fast together is not so easily broken asunder There is no easier way of ouercomming both then by seuering one from another These things although they were too true yet the French King heard with great indignation in that he said he brake not his promise but vpon vrgent necessity wherefore hee still prosecuted the pursuit of the peace which he shortly after finished to the great good of France but not without reproofe of the English Commonalty that scourged him daily with biting sentences and by-words against all vngratefull Princes But for all that the French to make good his promise and secure his honour omitted not any thing for the perfecting a peace also betweene England and Spaine To which purpose he dealt with the Arch Duke about a Truce for some moneths endeauouring in the meane time for to perswade the Queene thereto as also that thereby as before hee had beene a trouble vnto her now hee would bee a sure Fortresse vnto her and that he would neuer forsake her his well deseruing Sister And certainly he stood much for the Queene at the Treaty at Veruins about the peace for the French made reckoning of her before all after that once there arose a contention about the more honourable place a-among the Delegates on both sides And concerning this controuersie I will vse a small digression from the owne hand-writing of the Delegates to the Arch Duke which I haue seene to speake of some things which hereafter may by chance benefit posterity The French men according to the sentence giuen by Pius the fourth challenged stifly the vpper place to
indignation of a weake Prince That the heart of the Queene is hardened I know what I haue to doe as I am a Subiect and what as I am an Earle and Marshall of England I cannot liue like a seruant and a bond-slaue If I should confesse my selfe guilty I should both iniure truth and God the authour of truth I haue receiued a dart in my whole body It is absolutely a sinne to serue after the receipt of so great a disgrace Cannot Princes erre cannot they iniure their Subiects Is their earthly power infinite T is the foole in Solomon that being strucke laughes They that receiue benefit by the errors of Princes let them beare the iniuries of Princes Let them thinke the Queenes power infinite who beleeued that God is not omnipotent As for my part I being rent in peeces with iniuries haue long eâ—ough within my brest endured the bitternesse thereof But yet for all this a little while after being more submisse hee was pardoned and receiued into fauour by the Queene whose greatest anger at any offence could neuer be stretched to a iust hatred except onely of the offence Buâ— here his Friends and Fauourers greatly began to feare a râ—ine who haue obserued that Fortune very seldome in reconciled with one whom she hath cast out of her care and that Princes are a great deale seldomer especially to those whom they themselues haue beene thought to haue offended and iniured About this time died William Cecill Lord Burghley Treasurer of England who being sorely troubled with griefe of minde and the Gout too sent his Letters to the Queene earnestly beseeching her that he might lay aside the burthen of his Offices The Queene presently vpon it came and visited him and comforted him very much but within few daies after hauing liued long enough to Nature and famous enough to Glory but onely not long enough to his Country he so quietly gaue vp the ghost that his greatest enemy could confesse that he hated nothing more or enuied any thing like to such a death in so great honour seeing that ordinarily the ends and Catastrophes of the Administratours of such great affaires as he did are both sad and sometimes sodaine Certainly he was an excellent man whom besides his venerable countenance and comely visage nature made and learning perfected to a great fame of honesty grauity temperance industry and iustice Besides these he was a wondrous well-spoken man in his curious language which neither was any way affected but plaine and easie His wisedome was strengthened by long experience and seasoned with great moderation His faith and loyalty well approued and his religious piety aboue all most to be commended To speake all in a word the Queene was most happy in such a Counsellour and England will be beholding to his counsell for euer If at any time it shall concerne posterity to know his birth he was borne at Burne in Lincolne shire in 1521. His Father was Richard Cecill Master of the Wardrope to Henry the eight his Mother Iane the Heire to the Family of Ekinton and the Walcots He when he was a young man was student in St. Iohns College at Cambridge where at the age of twenty yeares he tooke to wife Marie the Sister of Iohn Cheeke a very learned man who within one or two yeares after died Afterwards hauing beene a Student at Law in Graies Inne at London hee married Mildred a good Graecian and Latinist the Daughter of Anthony Coke Informer to Edward the sixth Hauing got into the house of the Duke of Somerset Protector of the Realme he was vnder him made Master of Requests being the first in England as I haue heard of himselfe that euer vsed that Title Afterwards he became Secretary to Edward the sixt and by him knighted He found some fauour with Queene Mary but greater with Cardinall Poole Tunstall and William Petra for his wisedome the resson of his fauour with Mary was in that although he with the rest subscribed hee most opposed that counterfeited pretence to Edwards kingdome whereby both Mary and Elizabeth were excluded from any right thereto But yet afterwards being a very religious Protestant although hee serued the times a little when he perceiued that his religion lay as a blocke in his way to all promotion he betooke himselfe to the seruice of Elizabeth she vsed his paines much in her affaires whatsoeuer Afterwards she made him one of her Priuy Councell and in the third yeare of her Raiâ—ne after the death of Sir Thomas Parry made him Master of the Wards which Office he so well performed prouidently to the good of the Orphans moderately to his owne good and liberally to the good of his Friends Kindred and followers without any iniuries that the Queene admiring his discretion committed the gouernment of all vnto him in a manner But as his power and fauour with the Queene encreased with him so did hatred and enuy in many of the Nobility against him but yet so that as he was wont to say he ouer came it with patience more then frowardnesse Afterwards the Queene hauing well approued his wisdome and loialty this thirteen yeares bestowed on him the title of Lord Burghley and Lord high Treasurer of England In which Office alwaies hating those base trickes of heaping money together as hee encreased the publike good so also his own priuate estate by his paines and parsimonie He was very vnwilling to haue any thing spent vnlesse for the honour of the Queene the defence of the Kingdome or the aide of our Neighbours He narrowly looked into although not with the eies of security yet of equity the affaires of the Custome-house and the Tole takers that belong thereto He would professe that hee neuer liked that the Exchequer should like the Spleene encrease continually and the rest of the members wither and fade away and truely hee strongly endeuoured that the Prince might not grow rich by the peoples misery of taxation but that both the one and the other might want nothing Hee would often say that nothing was profitable to the Prince that was not honourable for her also to doe and hereupon he would not suffer the Reuenews of her Lands to be encreased or the old Tenants remoued or Farmers put out As for his priuate estate he so well managed it that neither he euer went to Law with any man or any man with him Of his former wife Mary Cheeke begot hee Thomas now Earle of Exeter very fruitfull in his issue Of his second wife Mildred Coke he begat Robert Earle of Salisbury his successour in the greatest Offices of the Kingdome with the like happinesse besides two Daughters that died before himself Anne Countesse of Oxford who had three Daughters Elizabeth married to William Earle of Darby Bridget married to the Lord Norris and Susan to the Earle of Mountgomery and Elizabeth the wife of William Wentworth that died without issue The Ouerseers
this yeare neither the Carackes set forth for the East Indie nor the American Nauy returned home to Spaine About this time also Edward Squire was called into question a base fellow and one that had beene a common base Scriuener afterwards hauing gotten some office in the Queenes Stables and after that serued vnder Drake in his last voyage taken in the little ship that was then surprised by the Spaniard hee was carried into Spaine and there at last came vnto the knowledge of Walpole an English Iesuite he quickly caused him to be brought into the Inquisition as one that was an Hereticke and at length by continuance of punishments drew the fellow to the faith of the Romish religion Afterwards he dealt with him to try if that hee would dare to doe any thing for his Religions sake that he might be sure hee truely professed it and afterwards after many courses of words as Squire himselfe confessed hee taught him indeed that to take the Earle of Essex away was a meritorious act but that it was farre more necessary to take away the Queenes life Then he shewed what an easie matter it was and as well done as conceiued as free from sin in doing so from danger after it is done if it were but by besmearing the pummell of the Queenes Saddle with poyson where she should lay her hand when she takes horse At length Squire hauing condiscended to this villany the Iesuite bound him by diuers solemne vowes vnder paine of damnation to keepe it secretly and to doe it So that Squire being now instructed to this villany and laden with the promises of euerlasting life tooke his blessing from him and the poyson and withall tooke order that he and another should be sent ouer into Englaâ—d concerning the ransoming of the Spanish Captiues in England that thereby no suspition might be had of him by reason of his returne from Spaine This Squire after his returne a little into England bedawb'd the Queenes pummell of her Saddle with poyson seeming to do somewhat else and praying with a lowd voice for good successe but by Gods mercy the poyson lost his nature as well as Squire his loyalty and had no power to hurt the Queene After all this he went for a Souldier with the Earle of Essex to the Island of Azores and went with him in the same ship to auoide all suspition besmearing also the Earles chaire with poyson which tooke no effect against the Earles life Afterwards returning into England he began to liue securely not suspecting that his Confessor Walpole would euer reueale him But it seemes Walpole either taking it very ill that this matter tooke no effect or else suspecting that Squire triâ—â—ed out all his vowes and mockt him he wholly bends himselfe for a reuenge Certainly there was one sent ouer into England that generally accused Squire of such an intended mischiefe which being of such a great moment Squire being hereupon examined at the first denied it and afterwards being more narrowly demanded in some circumstances and suspecting that now his Confessour had not dealt honestly with him he confessed all concerning Walpoles proposals and his consent and about the poyson laid to the Queenes Saddle But at the iudgment seat afterwards at the gallowes he professed that although he was suborned to this villany by Walpole others that yet he neuer resolued with all his heart to doe it After his death Walpole or one vnder his name set forth a booke wherein hee forswore and bitterly detested all these things which Squire confessed But howsoeuer some of our English runâ— awayes haue beene too much learned to the destruction of many men and their own great disgrace for they haue nourished this dangerous opinion that to murther excommunicated Princes is nothing else but to root out Tares out of the Lords Garden Much about this time were some idle busie-bodies whose onely businesse was to stirre where there was a calme much imployed to breed debate between the Queene and the King of Scotland who scattered rumours that he too much fauoured the Papists and was too much estranged of late from the Queene And to giue some credit to this report there was shewed her Letters sent to the Pope of Rome indited by the viâ—lany of the Kings Secretary and counterfeitly subscribed by the Kings hand and Seale But the Queene not giuing credit to all this report and their confirmation of it reiected these things as all nothing but deuices of wicked men to estrange the affections of all Protestants from him and to reconcile the Papists to him Nay when as this Valentine Thomas a notorious villaine and now condemned for theft required that he might be heard speake a little of a matter of great moment and being set by to speake accused the King of Scotland as ill affected towards the Queene the Queene was so farre from giuing heed to these whisperings that she the more loathed this villanous wretch onely accounting him a wicked calumniator or hired by some to say so to trouble the King of Scotland and her selfe or at the best as one that deuised such a lie thereby thinking to saue his life Yet notwithstanding she commanded the matter to be kept secretly and the villaines life to be repriued a while lest thereby any blemish might be cast vpon the king of Scotlands honour Besides the Queene in the height of these rumours of the King of Scotland sent to the King admonishing him seriously to consider these things VVHether there were any besides her that could doe him more good or more hurt then she could Whether hee knew any that had beene more well-willing to him Whether any one expected lesse from him then she did who indeed desired nothing else then that hee would promote the glory God and not be wanting to himselfe Neither indeed was the king any way defectiue For to disperse the rumour that was raised of him hee caused many men ouer England and Ireland to preach his constancy in Religion his wisedome his iustice his mercy and the rest of his Princely vertues thereby to draw the mindes of the Commonalty to a better perswasion of him There were also bookes written and dispersed that maintained his right of succession to the Realme of England also to informe them that the admittance of him would be beneficiall to both Kingdomes and farre more good then any others intrusion and that for these reasons First that he relies vpon excellent right thereto that he is a King that by ioyning both Kingdomes which hath beene so long desired he will much encrease the glory of both he will â—ull asleepe the warre in Ireland and in Spaine he will cause a liberty of Traffique againe he hath children the props of a Kingdome he hath power and strength enough to defend both him and his and is dearely beloued of all the Christian Princes in the world and then were proposed the lamentable ends not onely of â—surpers
with Tir-Oen hee answered That Tir-Oen being potent proudly refused any conditions almost except hee would forgiue all the Rebels too in Ireland except the Irish should be restored into their possession which the English had and except the Romish religion might bee with libertie professed through all Ireland But when as these things were adiudged by the Councell uery heinous and then his returne into England againe especially with such company as he did grew also somewhat suspicious and the more being aggrauated by the varietie of plots laid by his potent aduersaries the Queene thought it fit to confine him to some custodie but yet not to any prison lest she might seeme thereby to cut off all her former fauours towards him but she confined him to the Lord Keepers house that so not being at libertie he might not be led away with euill counsell The Earle tooke it very vnkindly that both his and his friends returne should be so misconstrued to a suspition of ill For I haue seene his owne hand-writing wherein in a very faire method he digested and heaped together whatsoeuer he did thinke would be obiected against him To wit that first neglecting his instruction he delayed his expedition into Vlster by losing fit opportunities both wasting and wearing the Queenes Forces elsewhere Secondly that he had made couenants and a truce most beneficiall to the Rebels Lastly that the affaires in Ireland being not set in good order that contemning the forbidding of the Queene hee had left Ireland and returned with so many warlike men To these things hee adioyned this answere I Before I left Ireland set all things in that order as now they are that there hath beene no hurt done these nine moneths That there was no reason why his companions that came with him should be suspected they being few and hauing good occasions of their returne and that no more then sixe accompanied him to the Court What hurt could hee doe with so small a company It had beene an easie matter for him to haue thought or done any hurt when he had the armie and all Ireland at his command If he were desirous of reuenge that he needed not any others helpe For he is quickely master of anothers life that is a conteÌ„ner of his own But I knew saith he who said to me Vengeance is mine and I c. Shall so great a calumnie fall vpon mee that my returne should be suspected who haue worne away my body in my Princes seruice that haue spent my fortunes that haue lyen suppliant at my Princes feet Equitie and charitie ought to admit of these things but vpon very good grounds against them especially whom the profession of the same religion and the noblenesse of birth would free from the like suspition Shall such suspition fall vpon me Who haue lost my father and brother in the seruice for this Land Who for thirteene of the three and thirtie yeeres I haue seene haue serued the Queene and for seuen of them thirteene haue beene of her priuie Councell Who haue beene hated of all those that either enuied the Queene or her religion Who haue so exposed my selfe to euery ones reuenge out of my dutie to her and my paines against her enemies that no place but this Kingdome and no time but while shee liues can secure me from them Neither did he alone thus complaine but many also euery where some of them conspiring together by violence and force to set him at libertie but he out of his honest and true noble mind would not suffer it But let vs returne to Ireland and leaue Essex that hath left it The times of the truce are scarce gone out once or twice but Tir-Oen with an enemies courage assembling his Forces prouides againe for warre From England was Sir William Warren sent to him by the Councell to know wherefore he brake the truce To whom hee loftily answered that hee indeed brake not the truce but gaue warning fourteene dayes before his renewing of the warre And that the occasion of his renewing the warre was very iust by reason he vnderstood that Essex the Deputie in whom hee had reposed the trust of his life and goods had beene committed in England and that now hee would not haue to doe with the Counsellors of Ireland who dealt but scuruily and deceitfully with him before And that now if he would he could not renue the League againe because already he had sent forth O-Donell into Conaugh others of his coÌ„federates into other quarters of the kingdom In the meane time there were rumours spred vp downe ouer Ireland not without Tir-Oen being the Authour of them that shortly England should be vexed againe with new commotions and truely they were prepared reasonable well for the matter for the wickeder sort in Ireland encâ—eased daily in number and strength they which were of the Irish stocke now looking after nothing but their ancient liberty and Nobility The honester sort of the English bloud being daily cast downe more and more to see so great charges of the Queene spent in vaine complaining also that now they were excluded from any offices in the Common-wealth and vsed like meere strangers and Forreigners But Tir-Oen he was very cheerefull and couragious boasting and bragging vp and downe that now hee woâ—ld restore to Ireland it 's ancient liberty and Religion He receiues to his protection all tumultuous persons furnisheth them with succour confirmes the doubtfuller sort and eagerly laboureth to weaken the Command of the Engish in Ireland bâ—ing lull'd on with hope of the Spaniards aide and money and prouision which once or twise was sent him and thereto also not a little encouraged by the promises and Indulgences of the Pope who had now sent vnto him the Fether of a Phoenix it is like because Pope Vrban the third a great while ago sent to Iohn the Sonne of Henry the second Lord of Ireland a Crowne of Peacockes Feathers In the meane time many men that had but little to doe and some suggested thereunto extolled the Earle of Essex for all this wounding the Councell in their disgracefull bookes and sometimes the Queene too through their sides as all neglecting the good of the Kingdome and taking no care for Ireland Whereupon the Councell the day before the â—nd of Michaelmas Tearme meeting according to their custome in the Starre-Chamber the Lord Keeper hauing admonished the Nobler sort to retire into the Country and keepe good Hospitality among the poore and willed the Iustices of Peace not onely seuerely to punish the transgressours of the Peace but by all meanes to preuent all transgressions Then greatly accusing the â—uill language of those back-biters and calumniators that had traduced all the Councell hee declares vnto them how carefull the Queene hath beene in prouiding for Ireland and appeasing the tumults therein and how preposterously Essex went to worke with the Rebels and how base couenants with Tir-Oen he had
condiscended vnto that now durst euen boast vp and downe that he would come into England shortly and here also get himselfe possessions The Lord Buckhurst that was made Lord Treasurer after Burghley deceased much inueighing against the Penmen of those infamous Pamphlets declared also what great armies and what great prouision was sent into Ireland that euery moneth the pay was sent for three moneths together and that the Queene had in this warre within six moneths spent three hundred thousand pounds and the E. of Essex could not deny this The Earle of Nottingham he shewed how the Queene had assembled her wisest Counsellours best insighted into the affaires of Ireland to a consultation about this Irish rebellion and that all or most of them adiudged it fittest first to reduce Vlster to obedience That Essex also was of the same mind who oftentimes had reiterated these words that not the boughes of rebellion but the root must be taken off But that he was very sorry that he had done otherwise withall affirming that fiue of the Queenes ships with others ready to be vsed in warre had beene sent ouer to Vlster and there lay six whole moneths without any vse Secretary Cecill first declares the singular care of the Queene in her defending England and Ireland by remouing renowne and glory of her Maiesty and which was worst of all would puffe vp the proud mindes of the Rebels as appeares by that of the arch-Rebell Tir-Oen who the next day after the Earle of Essex came to the English Court could not containe himselfe but he must breake into the like speeches as these That he did not doubt but shortly to see a greater change and alteration of things then euer yet had beene in former ages that he would shew himselfe there shortly and challenge some part of it for himselfe but professing that he could not imagine by what diuination or cunning he could hope of these things or know within so few howers what was become of Essex Thus farre went Cecill and it will be needlesse to repeat what euery one said since all came to the same effect and conclusion And now let vs leaue the Earle of Essex vnder custody with the Lord Keeper who being onely deuoted to godlinesse and diuinemeditations seemed to haue beene past beyond all the vanities of this world he sent such godly Letters seasoned with such a religious contempt of worldly affaires to all his Friends and Familiars And now in the meane time Andrew of Austria the son of Cardinall Ferdinand the Arch-Duke brother to Maximilian the Emperour who in the absence of Cardinall Albert of Austria at the marriage in Spaine was made Gouernour of the Low Countries very diligently dealt with Charles Lanfrance and Hierom Coeman about a peace betweene the Spanish King Philip the third and the Queene of England Neither did the Queene shew her selfe very strange from the matter if so be the Spaniard had delegated on him sufficient authority to treat about the peace and if so be they would take good order for the States of the vnited Prouinces For to forsake those or to doe any thing that might be disgraceful to her or deceitful to them she thought it vnexpiable But yet this mention of peace did cause seuerall suspitions distrusts both in the Queene and the States seeing that at the very same time there was a very constant rumour that there was a Naâ—y prouiding in Spaine But the Hollanders Nauy that had now taken the Canary Island and the Castle and layd wast Saint Thomas Island was thought to haue turned out of the way Neither is this a bare rumour for there were some Gallies prouided in Spaine by the appointment of Fredericke Spinula of Genoa who being exceeding rich aboue ordinary hauing beene a Souldier in the Low Countries perswaded the Spaniard to send out some Gallies into Flanders And those Gallies being sent out vnder his conduct passing by the French shore came to the Hauen Scluse in Flanders not being espied either by the English or Hollanders ships that tarried for them For being carried farre to the North in the British Ocean either by the tide or ignorance of the places by all aduentures they escaped the English and Hoâ—landers that waited for them These Gallies first of all caused great admiration to the English and Hollanders who in the yeare 1545. had found the British Ocean swelling and raging with stormes altogether impatient of such plaine Vessels when some of them were sent from the Mediterranean Sea against England But now they did great hurt about where they went for being made by skilfull Ship wrights according to that fashion of those that 1593. went as farre as the Islands of Azores they scorned the anger of our Seas and in a calme being rowed with Oares they would doe great harme when ships built at great charges being destitute of winde lay at rode closly and exposed to their hurt Much about the same time Charles by the grace of God Hereditary Prince of the Kingdomes of Swecia the Gothes and Vandalls for these are his titles sent Hill an Englishman ouer to the Queene that he might acquit him of calumnies before the Queene he being traduced out of affectation of innouation for to haue wrought to himselfe the Kingdome against Sigismund his Nephew King of Poland entreated the Queene that she would not beleeue these calumniators and also to aide him with councell and helpe for to defend and propugne the sincere Religion grounded on the word of God The Queene publikely heard him and answered him wishing him to wish his Master to keepe his word better with his Nephew the King of Poland and not to â—inne against Iustice Nature and the lawes of Affinity In this yeare there died too many in that one Richard Hooker borne in Deuonshâ—re and bred in Corpâ—s Christi College in Oxford a Diuine vâ—ry moderaâ—e tempeâ—â—te meek and vertuous euen to the best imitation and besides very famous for his learned Workes as his Bookes of Ecclesiasticall Policy set forth in English but worthy to speake Latine doe testifie of him THE THREE and Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1600. IN the beginning of this yeare the 〈◊〉 being daily busied with the affaires of the Kingdome that she might the better prouide for mony amongst her so great cost and charges in the Irish warre delegated some who hauing receiued their monies might confirme to them that Crowne-land which the law had called into question Also she caused the ancient lawes of Edward the 4 Richard the 2 Henry the 4 to be obserued concerning the transportation of gold or silâ—er coyâ—ed or â—ot coyned out of England which she proclaimed vnlawfull And she became more intent then euer shee had beene towards the affaires of Ireland for Tir-Oen after the returne of Essex from Ireland being puâ—t vp with the ioy of his happy mischiefes accounted himselfe Monarch
no tempest more raging then the indignation of an impotent Prince That the heart of the Queene is hardened Cannot Princes erre Can they not iniure their Subiects I doe know my dutie as a Subiect and I know my dutie as Lord Marshall of England Out of these sentences they argued as if he had thought the Queene very weake or voide of reason that hee had compared her to Pharao's heart that was hardened that she now cared neither for truth or iustice and as though hee besides his allegiance owed neither loyalty or thankfulâ—es vnto the Queene also they obiected some petty matters vnto him by reason of a Booke concerning the deposing of Richard the second which was dedicated to him The Earle kneeling vpon one knee at the boords end gaue great thankes to God for all his mercies bestowed vpon him and to his most mercifull Queene that cited him not to the Star-Chamber but would haue that cup passe by him as he himselfe said within these priuate wals Therefore professing that he would in no case contest with hâ—r or altogether excuse the errors of his weaknesse or his vnconsiderate youth protesting withal that he was alwaies a Subiect very loyal that he not so much as thought that that might enfringe his loyalty also that in all things he meant well although perchance it fell out otherwise and that now he had taken leaâ—e of the world Then shedding many teares he forced most of the standers by to accompany him in that dolefull collachrymation yet he could not containe himselfe but hee must needs excuse his errour in making Southampton Master of the Horse which he did he said being erroneously perswaded that the Queene would admit of those reasons he could giue her for it but that when he saw she would not admit of them he casheared him from that authority The reason he said that he knighted so many was to retaine with him more Voluntaries of the Nobler sort That the war in Mounster was vndertaken by the vndiscreet opinion of the Irish Councell but that the chiefe of them now Oâ—mond was strucken with blindnesse and Warham of S. Leager with a cruell death As he was going forwards the Keeper interrupted him admonishing him that as he had begun hee should betake himselfe to the Queenes mercy who indeed desired not to finde him guilty of treason but onely of Disobedience and contempt and that he should not carry a shew of obedience before him but shew his obedience indeed That by extenuating and lessening his offence he would seeme the more to extenuate the Queenes mercy That it sounded very harshly for him to shadow his disobedience vnder a desire and will of obedience It were needlesse to repeat what euery man said when as they said little or nothing but what had beene before said in the Starre-Chamber Wherefore at length the Lord Keeper pronounceth this sentence That he must be degraded of his office of one of the Councellours and suspended from his office of Earle Marshall and Master of the Ordnance and remaine in custody during the Queenes pleasure These things euery one approued with his consent and many notwithstanding conceiued great hope of his recouery and restoring to the Queenes fauour in that the Queene expresly commanded that be should not be suspended from being Master of the Horse as if she had intended to haue vsed him againe and withall in that she would not haue this censure past vpon him registred These hopes many that obserued the consequent euents and dispositions both of the Queene the Earle and his enemies probably encreased the same by this meanes That the Queene was borne to clemency and quietnesse That in her wisedome she knew that mercy was the pillar of her Kingdome That she both would and could shew mercy yet with discretion That she would not driue so great a man into despaire That she would not that any one should perish that was any commodity to the Common-wealth That she had squared all her actions hitherto to the rule of iustice That she intended not the ouerthrow but the amendment of the Earle That such a word of a Prince was an Oracle and as in God nothing is that admitteth a contradiction so neither in Princes Besides that she like Mithridates hated the malicious that raged against vertue forsaken by good fortune That whom she loued once she loued to the end That many hauing more heinously offended haue recouered or yet not quite fell from her fauour as Sussex concerning the Irish treason Norfolke not obseruing his Commission in the siege of Lethe Bacon hauing written a Booke of the succession of the Kingdome Henry Arundel Henry the Father of Southampton and Lumley for secret conspiracies with the Q. of Scotland And Croft for priuate conference witâ— the Prince of Parma Walsingham for surprizing the K. of Scotland by Gowry vnknowne to her or her Councell And Leicester concerning the affaires in the Low Countries These all were accused and yet recouered again her fauor But indeed for the Earles of Northumberland and Westmerland that they were iustly executed for conspiring the destruction of this Kingdome with forreine Nations As also Norfolke who sinned against his oath of allegiance afterwards againe by going about a marriage with the Queene of Scots and by concealing those things which he knew she dealt about with other Nations and by ayding the Scots that were proclaimed publique enemies to England Also that the Queene of Scots indeed died for all she seemed safe by the priuiledge and prerogatiue of her iniunction in that she tooke such sinister courses for the working of her liberty that she endangered the safety of the Kingdome and when no better physicke could be giuen the common-wealth to maintaine its life then her death But then they considered that no such matter was obiected to the Earle who onely hauing sinned out of ignorance was free from treason both by the sentence of the Queene her selfe and her Councell The Queene all this while to call him backe from despaire not preferring any of his noted enemies in the time of his oppression although they much affected higher dignities Then they argued from the noblenes of the Earle for a far off he was of the bloud Royall his vertues and the choice of the Queene of him from amongst many into her fauour that he suffered euen a box on the eare at her bands that he deserued exceedingly well of his Country at home and abroad that there was not any one better instructed in the arts of a Commander or to mannage a warre or frustrate the violence of an approaching enemy that there was not one more beloued of the people that could appease any tumult if it were once raised and that could discreetly gouerne the affaires of the Realme and that he was one that was most worthy of the Queenes loue and fauour that the seuerity of the Queene if she should exercise it against one so well deseruing
that so being made poore neglected of the Queene and forsaken by his friends he might become the laughing stocke to his triumphing enemies Hereupon Southampton is sent for out of the Low Countries And some Diuines counsails in Oxford demanded but for what I know not and the Earle he himselfe returnes to London And now S. Christ. Blunt being much discontented that he had brought the Earle into these troubles for he perswaded him to come ouer out of Ireland but with a few with him hauing also vnderstood that Hen. Howard had in vaine made intercession for the Earle with his potent aduersaries admonished him now as he himselfe afterwards confessed to make his owne way to the Queen intimating that besides many of the Nobility would secure him his ingresse and regresse But the Earle answered that that would breed a scruple in his conscience except he had the fauourable opinion of Preachers thereto Yet for all that he sent word to Bluâ—t by Cuffe that shortly he would take some order what to do and impart the same to him assoone as he had resolued on it And now the Earle kept open house Mericke his Steward entertaining at boord all kinde of Souldiers audacious and discontented persons that would not care whom they wounded with their tongues Euery day there was a Sermon by some precise Minister or other whither all the Citizens almost flock't daily also Ritch the Sister of the Earle that hauing lost the honour of her marriage-bed found the great discontent of the Queene lying heauy vpon her frequented thither also daily And if any man thought ill of these things why he is presently noted as an iniurious person to the honour and freedome of the Earle In the last moneth of this yeare died Roger Lord North Treasurer of the Queenes Court Sonne to Edward Lord North he was a man of a liuely disposition and his wisedome equall to his courage We haue spoken of him sufficiently in 1567. and 1574. Dudley North his Heire succeeded being nephew by the son and Dorothy the daughter and heire of Valentine Dale an excellent Lawyer In his Treasurership William Knâ—lles succeeded him Sir Edward Wottâ—n shortly after succeeded him being a man well tried in many affaires of the Common-wealth THE FOVRE and Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1601. IN the beginning of this yeare the Queene was wholly taken vp with very honourable â—mbassies from the South camâ— Hamets King of 〈◊〉 â—ingitana from the North 〈…〉 Pheodâ—riwâ—cke the Emperour of Russia's She also very 〈◊〉 entertained 〈◊〉 William the Sonne of 〈…〉 Count Palatine Duke of 〈…〉 and Virginius Vrsinus the Duke of 〈…〉 and the for he was beholding to him for it Sir Ferdinando Gorge Captaine of the Garrison at Plimmouth Sir Iohn Dauis Superuisor or Ouerseer of the Engines vnder him an excellent Mathematician and Sir Iohn Littleton of Fraâ—kell wise both in councell and warre if so be all his other behauiours had beene correspondent thereunto All these to auoid suspition meeting couertly in Drury House there Essex first proposed to them a Catalogue of the Nobility that were all addicted to him wherein of Earles Lords Knights and Gentlemen he reckoned about one hundred and twenty After this he willeth them to consider and tell him whether it were best to surprize the Queene or the Tower or both together and then what they should doe with the City But it seemed best to them all to surprize the Court and that after this manner S. C. Blunt with a choice company should seize on the Gate Dauis the Hall Danuers the great Chamber of the Guard where they sit seeing who is highest amongst them and also the Presence Chamber and then Essex should come out of the Mues with some choice company and hauing way made for him come humbly to the Queene and demaund that shee would remoue from her his potent aduersaries whom he had afterwards resolued as was by some of them confessed to cite to appeare before Iudgement and hauing assembled a Parliament to change the forme of gouernment in the State But whilest these Scottish â—mbassadours and a seasonable time for this matter were daily expected suspitions increased daily of him by reason of a continuall concourse of the Commonalty to Essex house vnder pretence of hearing Sermons as also by reason of some words that fell from one of their Preachers whereby he allowed that the great Magistrates of the Kingdome had power in necessity to restraine the Princes themselues Hereupon at small inckling of the matter on the seuenth of February came Robert Sackâ—ill the sonne of the Treasurer vnder pretence of an honourable visitation but indeed out of a desire of information by knowing who vsed to come thither and what they were Presently after that is Essex sent for to the Lord Treasurers house where the Councell met there to be admonished that he should moderately vse the benefit of his libertie and the very same day a litle note was put into his hands he knew not how wherin he was warned to looke to himselfe and provide for his owne safetie But the Earle fearing that somewhat had come to light and so hee might perchance be committed againe excused himselfe by reason of some distemper in his health that he could not come to the Councell And by this time his resolution which had beene foure moneths a digesting failed and he hasteneth againe to some new plot Wherefore hauing assembled his intimate friends againe and intimated to them that some of them would shortly be imprisoned he propounded to them whither it were best or no forthwith to seize vpon the Court or to try what the Citizens will doe for him and so by their helpe set vpon it or whither or no they had rather counsell him to fly and secure himselfe that way For the surprizing of the Court they were vnprouided of Souldiers and Engines and besides some affirmed that there had beene lately watch and ward duly kept there besides that to assault the Court was inexcusable treason against the Queene Whilest they were arguing about the loue of the Citizens and some obiected the vnstaâ—â—â— disposition of the common people behold one comes in as if sent from them that promised their vtmost endeauours against all their enemies Hereupon the Earle being somewhat cheerefull began to discourse how much hee was â—oued in the Citie by most that were much addicted to his â—ame and fortune which he beleeued absolutely to be true by reason of their continuall murmuring and crying out against his hated enemies Also by other mens speeches he was perswaded that Thomas Smith then Sheriffe of London who was then Captaine of a thousand trained Souldiers would be for him vpon all occasions Wherefore he was resolued by reason that such lingring is as dangerous commonly as rashnesse the next day which was Sunday to come through the Citie with two hundred of the nobler sort and so to passe to Pauls
but yet he saw that the Queenes command could not keepe Southampton from iniurie by reason that Grey durst assault him publikely with his sword and that there he prouided some safeguard for himselfe from his friends and Clients to withstand the violent fury of his enemies And that there was such violence offered and intended against him would appeare if but from that that Gorge was admonished by Rawleigh that assoone as hee could he should separate himselfe from him as a ship that was now sincking Then he complained that some Papists were accusers of him onely being hired thereto as also that they had counterfeited his hand-writing which indeed was done by an Impostor a cheater to get money as we shall shew So that hereupon Gorges testimony was brought in who had confessed that the Earle had determined to inuade the Court and to call a Parliament trusting to the helpes of the Londoners c. And then Gorge himselfe was sent for out of prison hard by to witnesse this before his face The Earle assoone as he saw him supposing that either out of hope or â—eare he had betrayed all by reason his was the first testimony that was brought and also because he came as a witnesse of his owne accord very passionately traduces him esteeming his testimony of no truth by reason of his variable countenance which was by and by pale and then red Then was obiected their meetings and consultations in Drury house about the seizing of the Tower or the Court. To which Southampton in a very milde speech protesting his true heart to the Queene made answere that such as those things were indeed there proposed but not determined but onely referred to the Earle of Essex Neither was that which was consulted put into practise but another to wit his going out into London which was to no other end then to get thereby secure accesse vnto the Queene and complaine freely to her of his iniuries That all the day long he drew not his sword neither that he heard of any Proclamation whereby he was proclaimed Traitour That as much as he could he hindered the shooting out of Essex house Wherefore he requested that they iudge of the matter not according to the rigour and letter of the Law but equity And being demanded if he thought not that to seize vpon the Court and to bring the Queene vnder their power was not Treason Hee answered him asking him what hee thought in his conscience they would haue done against the Queene The very same answered the Recorder that Henry Duke of Lancaster did to Richard the second who humbly came into the Kingdome vnder pretence of remoouing away from the King some naughty Councellours but hauing brought the King himselfe vnder his power he took from him his Crowne and shortly after his life The Iudges after this were demanded by the Peeres whether or no that consultation in Drury house were Treason by reason it came not to effect They all said it was and the rebellion in the Citie to be a prosecution of that their consultation for that if so be they could haue got aide enough at London amongst the Citizens they would haue inuaded the Court. Then it being asked whether Essex were the Author and occasioner of these meetings that was proued by many testimonies by the contents of their meeting written with his owne hand and by his casting of some papers into the fire for babling as he said The Earle assoone as he heard these things which he hoped had beene concealed hope said hee of getting their liues or escaping from punishment hath wrought these testimonies out from some and indeed let them enioy their liues as long as they can or will Death is more desired to me then life onely the violence of Cobham Cecill and Rawleigh droue mee to a necessary defence of my selfe which was all howsoeuer the Lawyers interprete my going out into the City my own conscience being cleare from any treachery is my greatest comfort Cobham rising vp protested that he neuer did Essex any malicious office but onely alwayes disallowed of his ambion Essex answered but I with all my heart euen with the losse of my right hand would haue remooued such a calumniator and tale-teller from the Queene Sir Francis Bacon politely and like an Oratour endeauouring to take away that colour from their rebellion which they drew from the enmity that was betweene them affirmed that both Cabham Cecill and Rawleigh were so truely honest and of so good estates that they would neuer hazard both of them in the attempt of any such wicked act Then he shewes that those fictions of waite laid for his 〈◊〉 were false by reason of the variety of them sometimes in that he would cry out he should be murthered in his bed then in the Boat and lastly by the Iesuites Then he accused him of great vanity for crying out in London that the Kingdome of England was put to sale to the Spaniard and to be diuided for the Infanta adding that it was an ordinary matter with Traitours not indeed directly to rise against their Prince but onely obliquely and through the sides of some of the Peeres Then he checkes him for his deepe dissimulation in that he had put on such a Vizard of godlinesse comparing him to the Athenian Pisistratus that would teare his owne body that hee might shew it to the people as if it had beene rent and torne by his enemies and so hauing got aide of them oppressed the whole Common-wealth Essex interrupting him in his proceedings remember how that but lately he himselfe had very efficaciously and pithily written Letters for him to the Queene against these his aduersaries adding besides that he vnderstood that Secretary Cecil had said to one of the Priuy councell that the right of the Infanta to the Realme of England was as good and iust as any of the rest of the Competitors Scarce had he said these words but Cecill that had stood hidden in a little Closet to heare all the proceedings straight way comes forth and falling downe on his knees beseecheth the L. High Steward that he would giue him leaue and licence to answere for himselfe to such a calumny so foule and false Leaue being granted he speakes to Essex in this manner IN wit indeed I giue you place wherein you are very excellent In your Nobility I giue you place for I am not reckoned amongst my Predecessours that were Nobles although I my selfe am In your military affaires I giue you place I am no Souldier But yet for all this my innocence shall protect me in this place am I free where you are guilty Wherefore I challenge you if you dare to tell who was the Priuie Councellour to whom I said these words Essex refused it Therefore sayes Cecill it is but a fained tale Essex denied that Wherefore Cecill turning to South-hampton entreates him by all their acquaintance euen
of warre They I say tooke it very heinously as if the King suspected their loyalty and hereupon being also mooued with other suggestions thinking themselues to haue deserued better they began for to conspire to 〈◊〉 their Offices hereditary to them and their heires and wheâ— they could wring out that which they would they became â—iercer then the very enemies Of this number were they whom the King in his Letterâ—â—o the Queene was not ashamed 〈◊〉 defame very sharpely not onely as vngratefull but of a faint courage not hauing euer ouercome the enemy by any warlike valour but reconciled them rather by pay and promises But the Queene being very desirous of the safety of the King pittying the often and neadlesse reuolts of the French neuer gaue ouer celebrating him as the only preseruer of the fading French Monarchy These things I haue weaued into my discourse that posterity may hereafter iudge of the wisedome of the Queene in councelling the King and of her constant good will to her ancient friend and Professour of the same Religion Also at this time the Queene succoured Geneua the Seminary of the Reformed Religion which was now assaulted by trickes and open Armes by the Duke of Sauoy and great store of money was gathered to that intent throughout all England which was liberally bestowed both by the Clergy and Commonalty of the Land This yeare in February Alexander Nowell Doctor of Diuinity and Deane of Pauls surrendred his soule to God In the dayes of Queene Mary hee was banished into Germany for the truth of the Gospell which afterwards both in his laborious Sermons and his learned workes he strongly did maintaine He bestowed vpon Brasen-nose College in Oxford where he was brought vp 200. pounds yearely to maintaine therein 13. Fellowships seconding this his godly example with a religious life and conuersation 〈◊〉 Ouerall succeeded him professour of Diuinity in Cambridge a generall learned Scholler preferred to this Deanery by the commendations to the Queene of Sir Fulke Gâ—euill his Patron And now Ireland recalls me to an account of what hath passed there this yeare For after that the Spaniards were driuen out of Ireland Tir-Oen in a fearefull affright retires himselfe as fast as he could into his lurking holes in Vlster nimbly posting through the Desarts belonging thereunto but he lost many of his company whom the Riuers encreased with the Winters raine swallowed vp And yet for all that could he not rest in quiet without great care but worthily oppressed with the iniquiâ—y of his conscience hee distrusted euery man insomuch that he still changed holes and sought for new The Deputy to refresh his Army that was wearied hauing setlâ—d his affaires in Munster returned to Dublin and after the hard time of the yeare was past ouer he returned backe againe by small iourneyes with a puissant Army vnto Vlster with intent as before he had resolued to girâ— the Rebels in their Forts by placing Garrisons about them He bringeth ouer his Army at Blackewater ouer the Floats and at the first the Foord being vnknowne hauing found an old Fortresse a little below there he erects a Bulwarke which according to his owne Christian name hee called Charlemont Hereupon Tir-Oen being â—orely affrighted fired his owne house at Dunganon and lest it should be ransacked he burnt it The Deputy still marcheth forwards and assoon as Sir Henry Docwray with his Forces had come from Logh Foâ—l he distributed Souldiers into all quarters who burnt vp the Corne set fire on the Houses and Villages driuing home preyes daily Presently after the Forts in Logh-Carew Logh-Reah and Moherlecow where S. Iohn Barclay was shot through with a Bullet were yeelded vp to the Deputy who placed a Fort at Logh-Eaugh or Logh Sidney which after his name of Honour he called Montioy-Fort making Sir Arthur Chichester a man worthy to succeed him in his Office Gouernour thereof He sends backe Sir Henry Docwray to Diry who receiueth to mercy O-Chanan after great part of his Dominions had fell to the Queene onely vpon condition that by her Letters Patents he might quietly possesse the rest After that at the Deputies command he ouer-runs Omie with a miserable slaughter he driues away the Cattle of Cormac-Baron although with some danger And after that being sent for by the Deputy and Agar Castle being taken he sends him and Sir Henry Folliot home First making Folliot of authority vnder him and shortly after beyond all expectation making him absolute President of Ballashanon to the wonder of the English that he should be preferred before Docwray who by his great paines and industry had recouered Ballashanon And at the same time to the much admiration of the Irish receiues into protection Rodoricke O-dâ—â—ell a most famous Rebell as yet neglecting Oâ— Neale Garâ—e a faithfull friend to the English Insomuch as that O-Neale tooke it so heinously that he assumed to himselfe the title of O-donell and exercised tyranny ouer the people compelling them to sweare fealty to him and not to the Queene Now towards the end of the yeare Sir Arthur Chichester and Docwray determined to set vpon Tir-Oen on this side and on that side in the Vallies where he lay lurking But all their on-sets were so frustrated with the boggish grounds with the vncertainty of the weather and the perfidiousnesse of the spies that they were faine to giue ouer their enterprise But in a word the Garrisons disposed so by the Deputy on euery side with great Military skill and greater courage so vexed the Rebels with often onsets and crosse expeditions on this side and that side that at last seeing themselues begirt and all things harder and harder euery day and that now they must lurke like wilde Beasts in the Desarts many of them changed their loyalty to Tir-Oen with their fortune and secretly submitted themselues to the Deputy muttering speeches that Tir-Oen had exposed the whole Nation to ruine onely vpon his priuate hatred and that all this warre was onelâ— necessary for him alone but hurâ—full and lamentable to all the rest And truely the Deputy somewhat respected these yeelders more then was looked for neglecting those against his owne promise that had faithfully stucke to the Queene but it is likely he fauoured them so out of his Iudgement rather then affection knowing that it was better for the Kingdome being so wounded to be at rest then to haue those wounds greene againe with a seuere cure This yeelding daily encreased so much that Tir-Oen easily perceiued that by reason of his ill successes the loyalty and force of his Army much diminished wherefore being weary of his miseries he now resolued to preuent more vpon hope of life which euen will discourage the valiantest mindes that are Wherefore he sent most humble Letters both to the Queene and the Deputy both with teares and prayers crauing pardon for his offence bearing so great signes of sorrow before him
by reason of his offence towards God and his Prince that the Queene gaue the Deputy authority to receiue him into fauour if so be that he did suppliantly craue it according to that humility which his Letters made shew of THE YEARE OF OVR LORD GOD M.DC.III Containing not fully three Moneths of her REIGNE ASsoone as Tir-Oen vnderstood the mercie of the Queene so amply extended towards him he made all meanes possible and dealt with Arthur Maâ—-Baron his Brother and others to obtaine it and being often put by it at last he promised that hee would submit both his life and fortune to the iudgement of the Queene The Deputy that had secretly vnderstood from some of his friends the doubtfulnesse of the Queenes health by reason of her age gaue Tir-Oen leaue to come to Melli-Font whither he presently came and being admitted into the Priuie Chamber where the Deputy encircled with a multitude of warlike men sate in his Throne in the very threshold with a deiected countenance falls Tir-Oen vpon his knees And hauing kneeled a while he was wished by the Deputy to come neerer whereupon arising and hauing come some few steps he falls againe downe vpon his knees saying I Acknowledge and aske pardon for my offences against God and my most gratious Prince and Mistresse to whose Princely clemency I doe now flie as to an holy Anchor entreating her to dispose of my life and fortunes as she pleaseth and yet humbly wishing that as heretofore I haue felt her beneficency and but lately her power so now I may feele her mercy and mildnesse and become an euerlasting example and patterne of her clemency Truely my age is not so farre come vpon me neither is my body so much decayed or my courage impaired but that by my future valiant and loyall seruice I may expiate the sinne of my rebellion In processe of his speech when he began to complaine against the enuy of some towards him that occasioned most of his offences the Deputy interrupted him telling him very maiestically which was eloquence enough for a Souldier that no excuse ought to be sowed ouer such a great fault after that he commanded him to depart aside and the next day after he carried him with him to Dublin with intent to send him from thence ouer into England to the Queene to let her deale with him as she pleased Thus the rebellion of Tir-Oen which began out of priuate discontents mingled with ambition and was nurst vp with the contempt and parsimony of England till such time that vnder pretence of restoring the Romane Religion it spread ouer all Ireland being strengthened with many mens too much credulity and the secret fauour of some in authority and one or two happie successes Spanish succour and the Popes Indulgences Thus I say this rebellion that also was still lengthened and prolonged by the enuy of the English one against another by the bipartite command by the auarice of the olde Souldiers by the craft of Tir-Oen and his counterfeit submissions and Truces and by the protections bought by villaines for money and by the great difficultie of the places and the desperatenesse of the â—rish safer in their swiftnesse of flight then abode in warre now at length in the eight yeare after its first breaking out vnder the happy command of the Lord Montioy Deputy created afterwards E. of Deuonshire was most fortunately finished The Queene who hitherto by reason of her abstinence from wine and moderate dyet which she said was the chiefest part of phisicke enioyed perfect health now entring into her Climactericall yeare to wit seauenty began somewhat to be sensible of defect of health and strength which the indisposition of the aire towards the end of Ianuary being a filthy windy and rainy day much improoued when she remooued from Westminster to Richmond on purpose to refresh her olde age with quietnesse and to giue her selfe to godlinesse wholly Vpon which day as if she were about somewhat else I know not whether she thought vpon or prophesied of her death she said to the Admirall whom she dearely loued MY Throne is a Throne of Kings neither ought any but my next Heire to succeed me The Courtiers obserued her more then ordinarily to frequent prayers and Sermons and they also report that she then commanded a Ring with which at her Inauguration she married her selfe to her Kingdome to be cut off from her finger which hauing beene neuer puld off had euen growne into her flesh This they tooke for ill lucke to come expecting a diuorce shortly betweene her and her Kingdomes to whom that Ring married her In the beginning of her sicknesse the Almonds of her Iawes did swell suddenly and grew lancke againe suddenly then her appetite to meate grew sensibly worse and worse whereupon she became exceeding sad and seemed to be much grieued at some thing or other whether or no it were by reason of the violence of her sicknesse or out of her want of Essex as many of his admirers belieued or rather that after so great charges of warre because she was perswaded to pardon Tin-Oen the Authour or rather because that by some whisperings and Letters from the King of France she had heard that most of her Nobility in priuate Letters and Messengers curried fauour already with the King of Scotland adoring him as the rising Sunne and neglecting her as ready to set And this certainly she too much belieued by reason of the vice of her Sex and olde age which is alwaies suspitious Neither indeed was it a bare suspition in her for many of her Courtiers besides some Ladies who least of all ought to haue done it by reuolting from her almost forsooke her when indeed she was nothing altered in her selfe from what she was but they onely in their opinion Whether or no it were that they saw her neere her end or whether or no they were weary with her long Reigne for so pleasing is alteration and change to the nature of man that there is an irkesomnesse euen of good things of long continuance or whether or no out of too credulous couetousnesse of nouelties and alterations they despised the present case and expeâ—cted better some forgetting her but late benefits and finding fault with the times it may be out of a Court-mystery onely to curry fauour with the Successour and all this in a halfe opinion and conceit that the discrediting of the deceased would proue a great delight to the Successour Insomuch that some vnder this pretence found fault with others and others propounded the sending for a Successour whilest the Queene was yet but of sickly health being run-wayes in minde though they stayd at home These things so grieued the Queene that she accounted her selfe a wretch forsaken and the indignation of her sicknesse wrackt out such words from her THey haue yoaked my necke I haue none now to trust my estate is turned topside turuey And so witty was their more ciuill