no_o difficulty_n to_o addressing_z himself_z directly_z to_o they_o and_o of_o give_v they_o counsel_n a_o prince_n say_v he_o one_o day_n to_o a_o king_n of_o lu._n call_v timcum_fw-la a_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v moderate_a he_o ought_v not_o to_o contemn_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n he_o ought_v to_o recompense_n those_o that_o deserve_v it_o there_o be_v some_o subject_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o treat_v with_o mildness_n and_o other_o with_o severity_n there_o be_v some_o on_o who_o fidelity_n he_o ought_v to_o rely_v but_o there_o be_v some_o also_o who_o he_o can_v sufficient_o distrust_v confucius_n will_v have_v prince_n desire_v nothing_o that_o other_o man_n wish_v for_o although_o they_o be_v sometime_o good_a thing_n which_o it_o seem_v they_o may_v desire_v without_o offence_n he_o will_v have_v they_o to_o trample_v as_o i_o may_v say_v upon_o whatever_o may_v make_v the_o felicity_n of_o mortal_n upon_o earth_n and_o especial_o to_o look_v upon_o riches_n child_n and_o life_n itself_o as_o transient_a advantage_n and_o which_o consequent_o can_v make_v the_o felicity_n of_o a_o prince_n the_o emperor_n yao_n say_v this_o philosopher_n govern_v himself_o by_o these_o maxim_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o so_o good_a a_o guide_n he_o arrive_v at_o a_o perfection_n whereunto_o few_o mortal_n can_v attain_v for_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o he_o see_v nothing_o above_o he_o but_o heaven_n to_o which_o he_o be_v entire_o conformable_a this_o incomparable_a prince_n add_v he_o from_o time_n to_o time_n visit_v the_o province_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o as_o he_o be_v the_o delight_n of_o his_o people_n be_v meet_v one_o day_n by_o a_o troop_n of_o his_o subject_n these_o subject_n after_o have_v call_v he_o their_o emperor_n and_o father_n and_o aâ—ter_v have_v testify_v their_o exceed_a joy_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n to_o join_v their_o wish_n with_o their_o acclamation_n let_v heaven_n heap_v riches_n upon_o thou_o let_v it_o grant_v thou_o a_o numerous_a family_n and_o let_v it_o not_o snatch_v thou_o from_o thy_o people_n till_o thou_o be_v satisfy_v with_o day_n no_o reply_n the_o emperor_n send_v up_o other_o petition_n to_o heaven_n great_a riches_n produce_v great_a care_n and_o great_a inquietude_n a_o numerous_a progeny_n produce_v great_a fear_n and_o a_o long_a life_n be_v general_o a_o series_n of_o misfortune_n there_o be_v find_v few_o emperor_n like_v to_o yao_n cry_v confucius_n after_o this_o that_o which_o general_o occasion_n trouble_v to_o king_n that_o which_o in_o some_o measure_n redouble_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o burden_n annex_v to_o their_o crown_n be_v either_o the_o few_o subject_n over_o which_o they_o reign_n or_o the_o little_a wealth_n which_o they_o possess_v for_o in_o brief_a all_o king_n be_v not_o great_a all_o king_n have_v not_o vast_a dominion_n and_o excessive_a richâ—s_n but_o confucius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o king_n be_v too_o ingenious_a to_o torment_n himself_o when_o these_o reflection_n be_v capable_a of_o cause_v the_o least_o trouble_n in_o he_o he_o say_v that_o a_o king_n have_v subject_n enough_o when_o his_o subject_n be_v content_v and_o that_o his_o kingdom_n be_v rich_a enough_o when_o peace_n and_o concord_n flourish_v there_o peace_n and_o concord_n say_v this_o philosopher_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o plenty_n in_o fine_a confucius_n in_o speak_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o prince_n teach_v that_o it_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o a_o prince_n to_o be_v virtuous_a that_o when_o he_o be_v otherwise_o a_o subject_a be_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n of_o heaven_n voluntary_o to_o banish_v himself_o and_o to_o seek_v another_o country_n he_o sometime_o complain_v of_o the_o disorder_n of_o prince_n but_o the_o great_a subject_n of_o his_o complaint_n be_v the_o extravagancy_n of_o private_a men._n he_o bewail_v the_o moral_n of_o his_o age_n he_o say_v that_o he_o see_v almost_o no_o body_n that_o distinguish_v himself_o either_o by_o piety_n or_o some_o extraordinary_a quality_n that_o every_o one_o be_v corrupt_v that_o every_o one_o be_v deprave_v and_o that_o it_o be_v among_o the_o magistrate_n and_o courtier_n chief_o that_o virtue_n be_v neglect_v it_o be_v true_a that_o confucius_n seem_v to_o extend_v thing_n beyond_o reason_n indeed_o it_o be_v not_o much_o for_o this_o philosopher_n when_o in_o a_o prince_n court_n he_o find_v but_o ten_o or_o twelve_o person_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a wisdom_n to_o cry_v out_o o_o tempora_fw-la o_o mores_n under_o vuvam_n reign_n there_o be_v ten_o man_n of_o a_o consummate_v virtue_n and_o sufficiency_n on_o who_o this_o emperor_n may_v repose_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n yet_o confucius_n exclaim_v against_o so_o small_a a_o number_n say_v that_o great_a endowment_n virtue_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v thing_n very_o rare_a in_o his_o age._n he_o have_v make_v the_o same_o complaint_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o emperor_n zun_fw-mi the_o first_o of_o the_o family_n of_o cheu_n although_o this_o prince_n have_v then_o five_o praefect_n of_o who_o merit_n some_o judgement_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o history_n of_o one_o of_o these_o minister_n who_o name_n be_v thou_o this_o wise_a minister_n have_v render_v his_o memory_n immortal_a among_o the_o chinese_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v he_o that_o invent_v the_o secret_a of_o stop_v or_o divert_v the_o water_n that_o overflow_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o which_o make_v it_o almost_o uninhabitable_a but_o because_o that_o be_v a_o emperor_n he_o always_o live_v like_o a_o philosopher_n he_o be_v of_o a_o illustrious_a family_n for_o he_o can_v name_v some_o emperor_n of_o his_o ancestor_n but_o if_o by_o the_o decadency_n of_o his_o house_n he_o be_v fall_v from_o the_o pretension_n he_o may_v have_v to_o the_o empire_n his_o wisdom_n and_o virtue_n acquire_v he_o what_o fortune_n have_v refuse_v to_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o extraction_n the_o emperor_n zun_n so_o thorough_o understand_v his_o desert_n that_o he_o associate_v he_o to_o the_o empire_n and_o seventeen_o year_n after_o he_o declare_v he_o his_o lawful_a successor_n even_o to_o the_o exclusion_n of_o his_o own_o son_n thou_o refuse_v this_o honour_n but_o as_o he_o vain_o deny_v it_o and_o that_o his_o generosity_n may_v not_o suffer_v in_o the_o press_a solicitation_n that_o be_v make_v he_o on_o all_o hand_n he_o withdraw_v from_o the_o court_n and_o go_v to_o seek_v a_o retreat_n in_o a_o cell_n but_o not_o be_v able_a so_o well_o to_o conceal_v himself_o as_o not_o to_o remain_v undiscovered_a in_o the_o rock_n of_o his_o solitude_n he_o be_v forcible_o advance_v to_o the_o throne_n of_o his_o ancestor_n never_o throne_n be_v more_o easy_a of_o access_n than_o this_o prince_n never_o prince_n be_v more_o affable_a it_o be_v report_v that_o he_o one_o day_n leave_v his_o dinner_n ten_o time_n to_o peruse_v the_o petition_n that_o be_v present_v he_o or_o to_o hear_v the_o complaint_n of_o the_o distress_a and_o that_o he_o ordinary_o quit_v his_o bath_n when_o audience_n be_v demand_v of_o he_o he_o reign_v ten_o year_n with_o so_o much_o success_n with_o so_o much_o tranquillity_n and_o in_o such_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o of_o this_o age_n it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o golden_a age._n thou_o be_v a_o 100_o year_n old_a when_o he_o die_v and_o he_o die_v as_o he_o have_v live_v for_o prefer_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o empire_n before_o that_o of_o his_o family_n he_o will_v not_o let_v his_o son_n succeed_v he_o he_o give_v the_o crown_n to_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n who_o virtue_n be_v know_v unto_o he_o a_o prince_n doubtless_o be_v happy_a when_o he_o can_v some_o time_n discharge_v himself_o of_o the_o care_n which_o throw_v and_o press_v he_o on_o such_o a_o minister_n and_o zun_n only_o can_v be_v so_o see_v that_o he_o at_o one_o time_n have_v five_o all_o worthy_a of_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o throne_n but_o this_o number_n be_v not_o great_a enough_o for_o confucius_n it_o be_v wat_fw-mi make_v he_o to_o grieve_v confucius_n say_v that_o a_o prince_n ought_v never_o to_o accept_v the_o crown_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o his_o father_n how_o unworthy_a soever_o his_o father_n may_v be_v thereof_o that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a crime_n whereof_o a_o prince_n can_v be_v guilty_a and_o this_o occasion_v he_o to_o relate_v two_o little_a history_n which_o suit_n admirable_o to_o his_o subject_n limcum_fw-la say_v this_o philosopher_n be_v a_o king_n of_o guei_n who_o be_v twicâ—_n marry_v as_o chastity_n be_v not_o always_o the_o portion_n of_o princess_n the_o queen_n have_v unlawful_a familiarity_n with_o one_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o court_n and_o this_o
verity_n which_o be_v implant_v in_o the_o soul_n of_o alâ—_n mâ—n_z and_o which_o our_o philosopher_n incessant_o consult_v without_o prejudice_n guide_v all_o his_o word_n thus_o the_o râ—les_n which_o he_o prescribe_v and_o the_o duty_n to_o â—hâ—ch_v he_o exhort_v be_v such_o that_o there_o be_v no_o person_n which_o do_v not_o immediate_o give_v his_o approbation_n thereunto_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o falsity_n in_o his_o reason_n nothing_o extreme_a none_o of_o those_o frightful_a subtlety_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o moral_a treatise_n of_o most_o modern_a metaphysitian_n verité_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o discourse_n where_o simplicity_n clearness_n and_o perspicuity_n ought_v to_o prevail_v throughout_o and_o make_v it_o sâ—lf_o sensible_a to_o mind_n â—f_v the_o low_a rank_n we_o shall_v perhaps_o find_v this_o maxim_n a_o little_a relax_v where_o confucius_n say_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a person_n who_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o hate_n nevertheless_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v close_o consider_v we_o shall_v find_v the_o thought_n to_o be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a virtue_n indeed_o command_v we_o to_o do_v good_a to_o all_o man_n as_o confucius_n state_n it_o but_o it_o require_v not_o that_o we_o shall_v effectual_o have_v friendship_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n there_o be_v some_o so_o odious_a that_o it_o be_v absolute_o impossible_a to_o love_v they_o for_o afâ—er_o all_o wâ—_n only_o can_v love_v good_a we_o natural_o have_v a_o aversion_n for_o what_o appear_v extreme_o wicked_a and_o defective_a all_o that_o charity_n oblige_v we_o to_o do_v on_o this_o account_n be_v to_o show_v kindness_n to_o a_o person_n when_o it_o be_v in_o our_o power_n as_o if_o wâ—_n love_v he_o notwithstanding_o the_o vice_n malicâ—_n and_o great_a defect_n which_o be_v discover_v in_o he_o see_v that_o opportunity_n oâ—â—ers_n we_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o duty_n of_o love_v our_o enemy_n which_o jesus_n christ_n so_o much_o recommend_v in_o his_o gospel_n be_v general_o too_o much_o stretch_v this_o duty_n be_v uâ—ry_o difficult_a to_o perform_v in_o its_o just_a extent_n without_o our_o render_v it_o yet_o hard_o or_o rather_o impossible_a to_o practise_v and_o capable_a of_o cast_v we_o into_o despair_n and_o of_o make_v we_o fall_v into_o a_o entire_a relaxation_n the_o generality_n of_o those_o that_o explain_v this_o duty_n do_v speak_v as_o if_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o retain_v in_o our_o heart_n a_o tender_a amity_n for_o all_o our_o enemy_n how_o wicked_a and_o abominable_a soever_n they_o be_v yet_o this_o be_v not_o precise_o that_o which_o the_o son_n of_o god_n require_v at_o our_o hand_n because_o he_o demand_v not_o thing_n absolute_o impossible_a his_o aim_n be_v to_o excite_v we_o to_o â—ehave_v oâ—r_a self_n towards_o our_o enemy_n whoever_o they_o be_v as_o we_o do_v to_o they_o that_o we_o love_n indeed_n the_o scripture_n do_v in_o several_a place_n by_z to_z love_n signify_v to_o do_v good_a almost_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v to_o those_o for_o who_o we_o have_v a_o great_a aâ—â—ection_n if_o this_o be_v a_o sit_v occasion_n we_o may_v verify_v this_o with_o several_a passage_n we_o shall_v satisfy_v ourselves_o oâ—ly_o with_o allege_v the_o example_n of_o god_n himself_o which_o our_o saviour_n propose_v â—or_a our_o imitation_n for_o aâ—ter_v have_v say_v matth._n 5.44.45_o love_v your_o enemy_n bless_v they_o that_o curse_v you_o do_v good_a to_o they_o that_o hate_v you_o and_o pray_v for_o they_o which_o despiteful_o use_v you_o and_o persecute_v you_o for_o these_o be_v all_o as_o so_o many_o synonymous_n term_n he_o add_v that_o you_o may_v be_v the_o child_n of_o your_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n for_o he_o make_v his_o sun_n to_o rise_v upon_o the_o evil_a and_o on_o the_o good_a and_o send_v his_o rain_n on_o the_o just_a and_o on_o the_o un-just_a now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o god_n love_v not_o the_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a although_o he_o may_v do_v they_o good_a he_o have_v have_v a_o extreme_a aversion_n for_o a_o caligula_n for_o a_o nero_n and_o other_o such_o like_a monster_n although_o he_o have_v cause_v his_o sun_n to_o shine_v and_o send_v his_o rain_n upon_o they_o but_o he_o have_v deal_v with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o love_v they_o and_o it_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n also_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o deport_v ourselves_o towards_o our_o enemy_n it_o be_v not_o that_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v sincere_o to_o endeavour_v what_o in_o we_o lie_v to_o retain_v in_o our_o heart_n some_o sentiment_n of_o friendship_n for_o they_o but_o there_o be_v certain_a person_n so_o lewd_a so_o prosâ—igate_v and_o so_o abominable_a for_o who_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o have_v these_o sentiment_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o charity_n be_v yet_o great_a more_o generous_a and_o praise_v worthy_a when_o notwithstanding_o that_o aversion_n which_o we_o can_v hinder_v ourselves_o from_o bear_v to_o â—ertain_a person_n we_o cease_v not_o to_o do_v they_o good_a upon_o occasion_n with_o the_o prospect_n of_o yield_a obedience_n unto_o god_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n by_o what_o we_o have_v hithirto_o say_v it_o may_v be_v judge_v how_o exceed_o the_o public_a be_v behold_v to_o the_o r._n f._n incorcetta_n and_o couplet_n who_o have_v translate_v out_o of_o chinese_n into_o latin_a the_o three_o book_n of_o confucius_n from_o which_o we_o have_v extract_v this_o piece_n of_o moralityâ—_n which_o be_v now_o divulge_v we_o have_v select_v the_o most_o important_a thing_n and_o have_v let_v slip_v several_a which_o although_o good_a in_o themselves_o and_o particular_o agreeable_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o person_n for_o who_o they_o have_v be_v say_v and_o write_v will_v have_v seem_v perhaps_o too_o common_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o our_o europe_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o the_o work_n of_o the_o r._n f._n incorcetta_n and_o couplet_n a_o discourse_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o chinese_n nation_n and_o of_o the_o ancientâ—st_a book_n which_o this_o nation_n enjoy_v and_o which_o be_v extant_a several_a age_n before_o that_o of_o confucius_n we_o have_v therefore_o translate_v what_o on_o â—hâ—s_n account_n be_v most_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v it_o be_v here_o requisite_a for_o the_o reader_n be_v satisfaction_n to_o declare_v that_o the_o chinese_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o origine_fw-la to_o the_o time_n of_o confucius_n have_v not_o be_v idolater_n that_o they_o have_v not_o have_v neither_o false_a god_n nor_o image_n that_o they_o have_v pay_v adoration_n only_o to_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n who_o they_o have_v alâ—ays_o call_v xam-ti_a and_o to_o who_o their_o three_o emperor_n name_v hoam-ti_a erect_v a_o temple_n which_o be_v probable_a the_o first_o that_o be_v build_v to_o god_n the_o name_n of_o xam-ti_a which_o they_o attribute_v to_o god_n signify_v sovereign_a master_n or_o emperor_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n that_o have_v very_o frequent_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o ti_fw-mi which_o import_v master_n emperor_z or_o that_o of_o va_o which_o signify_v king_n â—_z that_o there_o be_v one_o prince_n of_o the_o four_o race_n who_o be_v call_v xi_o hoam_n ti_o the_o great_a or_o august_n emperor_n but_o there_o be_v not_o find_v any_o that_o have_v dare_v to_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o xam_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sovereign_a and_o that_o they_o have_v always_o respectful_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o absolute_a judge_n of_o thâ—_n universe_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o china_n sacrifice_n have_v ever_o be_v offer_v to_o diverse_a tutelary_a angel_n but_o in_o the_o time_n which_o precede_v confucius_n it_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o honour_v they_o infinite_o less_o than_o xam-ti_a the_o souveraign_a lord_n of_o the_o world_n the_o chineses_n serve_v god_n with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o a_o very_a modest_a and_o very_a humble_a behaviour_n and_o say_v that_o all_o this_o external_a worship_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a agreeable_a to_o the_o divinity_n if_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o inward_o adorn_v with_o piety_n and_o virtue_n they_o high_o honour_v their_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o person_n advance_v in_o age._n the_o woman_n be_v very_o virtuous_a and_o in_o their_o habit_n and_o all_o their_o fashion_n great_a modesty_n be_v observe_v the_o man_n and_o woman_n noble_n and_o peasant_n king_n and_o subject_n do_v great_o esteem_v sobriety_n frugality_n moderation_n justice_n and_o virtue_n the_o religion_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o chineses_n continue_v almost_o in_o this_o state_n unto_o the_o time_n of_o the_o philosopher_n li_n lao_n kiun_n who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o confucius_n and_o who_o first_o declare_v there_o be_v several_a go_n
that_o you_o shall_v do_v or_o not_o do_v unto_o they_o what_o you_o therefore_o hate_v in_o your_o superior_n what_o you_o blame_v in_o they_o be_v sure_a not_o to_o practice_v towards_o your_o inferior_n and_o what_o you_o hate_v and_o blame_v in_o your_o inferior_n practise_v not_o to_o your_o superior_n what_o displease_v you_o in_o your_o predecessor_n eschew_v to_o give_v a_o example_n to_o those_o that_o shall_v come_v after_o and_o as_o in_o case_n that_o you_o shall_v happen_v to_o give_v they_o such_o a_o example_n you_o will_v desire_v they_o shall_v not_o follow_v it_o so_o you_o shall_v not_o follow_v the_o bad_a example_n of_o those_o that_o have_v precede_v you_o in_o fine_a what_o you_o blame_v in_o those_o which_o be_v on_o your_o right_a hand_n practise_v not_o to_o those_o which_o be_v on_o your_o left_a and_o what_o you_o reprehend_v in_o those_o on_o your_o left_a hand_n be_v sure_a not_o to_o practice_v it_o to_o those_o that_o be_v on_o your_o right_n behold_v conclude_v cemçu_fw-fr after_o what_o manner_n we_o ought_v to_o measure_n and_o regulate_v all_o our_o action_n and_o if_o a_o prince_n thus_o exercise_n himself_o it_o will_v happen_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n will_v be_v of_o one_o heart_n and_o one_o mind_n and_o that_o he_o will_v rather_o be_v call_v their_o father_n than_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n this_o will_v be_v the_o mean_n to_o draw_v down_o the_o blessing_n and_o favour_n of_o heaven_n not_o to_o fear_v any_o thing_n and_o to_o lead_v a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a life_n for_o in_o fine_a virtue_n be_v the_o basis_n and_o foundation_n of_o a_o empire_n and_o the_o source_n from_o whence_o flow_v whatever_o may_v render_v it_o flourish_v it_o be_v upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o a_o ambassador_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cuckoe_n return_v this_o excellent_a answer_n to_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cin_n who_o ask_v he_o whether_o in_o his_o master_n kingdom_n there_o be_v great_a riches_n and_o precious_a stone_n nothing_o iâ—_n esteem_v precious_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cuâ—ut_a virtue_n a_o king_n of_o ci_o return_v almost_o the_o same_o answer_n this_o prince_n treat_v of_o a_o alliance_n with_o the_o king_n of_o guei_n and_o the_o king_n of_o guei_n demand_v of_o he_o if_o in_o his_o kingdom_n there_o be_v precious_a stone_n he_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v none_o howâ—_n reply_v this_o king_n all_o in_o amaze_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o though_o my_o kingdom_n be_v lesser_a than_o you_o yet_o there_o be_v find_v a_o carbuncle_n who_o brightness_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o can_v enlighten_v spâ—ce_o enough_o for_o twelve_o palanquin_n and_o that_o in_o your_o kingdom_n which_o be_v vast_a than_o i_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o precious_a stone_n i_o have_v four_o minister_n rejoin_v the_o king_n of_o ci_o who_o with_o great_a prudence_n govern_v the_o province_n i_o have_v commit_v to_o they_o behold_v my_o precious_a stone_n thâ—y_o can_v enlighten_v a_o thousand_o stadia_fw-la these_o be_v not_o the_o man_n alone_o in_o china_n that_o have_v esteem_v virtue_n there_o be_v woman_n that_o have_v consider_v it_o as_o a_o jewel_n of_o infinite_a value_n and_o preferable_a to_o all_o treasure_n a_o illustrious_a queen_n name_v kiam_fw-la who_o reign_v two_o hundred_o year_n before_o confucius_n reclaim_v her_o husband_n from_o sensuality_n and_o debauchery_n by_o a_o action_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v immortalize_v she_o see_v that_o this_o prince_n continual_o resort_v to_o the_o pastime_n of_o debauchery_n and_o abandon_v himself_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o pleasure_n she_o one_o day_n pluck_v her_o pendant_n from_o her_o ear_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o her_o jewel_n and_o in_o his_o condition_n go_v to_o the_o king_n and_o speak_v to_o he_o these_o word_n with_o a_o sensible_a emotion_n sir_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o luxury_n and_o debauchery_n be_v so_o very_o please_v to_o you_o you_o contemn_v virtue_n but_o i_o esteem_v it_o infinite_o more_o than_o the_o mâ—st_o precious_a stone_n she_o afterward_o enlarge_v upon_o this_o subject_a and_o the_o action_n and_o discourse_n of_o this_o princess_n touch_v he_o so_o strong_o that_o he_o renounce_v his_o extravagancy_n and_o give_v himself_o up_o entire_o to_o virtue_n and_o the_o care_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o he_o govern_v thirteen_o year_n with_o great_a applause_n in_o fine_a as_o to_o the_o last_o article_n cemçu_fw-fr represent_v to_o king_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o oppress_v their_o people_n either_o by_o imposition_n or_o otherwise_o that_o to_o avoid_v be_v force_v thereto_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o choose_v wise_a faithful_a and_o virtuous_a minister_n and_o consequent_o not_o to_o admit_v into_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n those_o that_o be_v unworthy_a and_o who_o by_o their_o cruelty_n ambition_n and_o avarice_n can_v only_o bring_v a_o vast_a prejudice_n to_o the_o state_n he_o show_v they_o that_o theâ—_n ought_v to_o lessen_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a the_o number_n of_o their_o minister_n and_o of_o all_o those_o that_o live_v at_o the_o public_a expense_n to_o endeavour_v to_o excite_v all_o to_o work_n and_o so_o to_o order_n it_o that_o those_o who_o manage_n and_o disburse_v the_o treasure_n may_v do_v it_o with_o all_o the_o moderation_n imaginable_a prince_n add_v he_o ought_v never_o to_o seek_v private_a interest_n they_o ought_v only_o to_o look_v after_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o people_n to_o be_v love_v and_o faithful_o serve_v they_o ought_v to_o convince_v their_o subject_n by_o their_o conduct_n that_o they_o design_v only_o to_o make_v they_o happâ—_n which_o they_o will_v never_o do_v if_o they_o hearty_o follow_v their_o particular_a interest_n if_o they_o oppress_v and_o impoverish_v they_o a_o collection_n out_o of_o confucius_n work_n the_o second_o book_n this_o second_o book_n of_o confucius_n be_v publish_v by_o his_o grandson_n cusu_n it_o treat_v of_o divers_a thing_n but_o especial_o of_o that_o excellent_a mediocrity_n which_o must_v be_v constant_o observe_v in_o all_o thing_n between_o the_o too_o much_o and_o too_o little_a thus_o this_o book_n be_v entitle_v chumyum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o perpetual_a mean_a a_o mean_a constant_o observe_v confucius_n teach_v at_o first_o that_o all_o man_n ought_v to_o love_v this_o mediocrity_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o search_v after_o with_o a_o extreme_a care_n he_o say_v that_o the_o perfect_a man_n always_o kâ—eps_v a_o just_a mean_a whatever_o â—e_n undertake_v but_o that_o the_o wicked_a always_o swerve_v therefrom_o that_o he_o do_v too_o much_o or_o not_o enough_o when_o the_o right_a reason_n send_v from_o heaven_n add_v â—e_n have_v once_o show_v a_o wiseman_n the_o mean_a he_o ought_v to_o keep_v he_o afterward_o conform_v all_o his_o action_n thereuntoâ—_n at_o all_o time_n as_o well_o in_o adversity_n as_o prosperity_n he_o continual_o watch_v over_o himself_o over_o his_o thought_n over_o the_o most_o secret_a moâ—ioâ—â—_n of_o hiâ—_n heart_n alwâ—yâ—â—o_o square_a hâ—mself_n aâ—â—ordiâ—g_v to_o tâ—is_fw-la just_o mean_a wâ—iâ—h_a hâ—_n will_v never_o lose_v sight_n ofâ—_n but_o â—he_n wiâ—ked_v bâ—ing_v not_o restrain_v neither_o by_o fear_n modesty_n nor_o thâ—_n love_v oâ—_n virtue_n their_o extravagant_a â—_z do_v always_o carry_v they_o into_o extreme_n this_o philosopher_n can_v sufficient_o admire_v this_o happy_a mediocrity_n he_o lookâ—_n on_o it_o as_o the_o sublimest_n thing_n in_o thâ—_n wâ—â—ld_n as_o a_o thing_n â—ost_o worthy_a of_o the_o louâ—_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o high_a mind_n as_o the_o sole_a path_n of_o virtue_n hâ—â—â—mplains_v that_o there_o always_o hauâ—_n be_v so_o fâ—w_a person_n that_o have_v keep_v it_o he_o diligent_o inquire_v after_o the_o cause_n â—herâ—of_o he_o say_v that_o as_o for_o the_o wisâ—_n man_n of_o the_o age_n they_o slight_a and_o conâ—emn_v it_o because_o they_o imagine_v it_o below_o thâ—ir_n great_a design_n below_o their_o ambitious_a project_n and_o that_o as_o for_o dull_a person_n they_o very_o hardly_o attain_v it_o â—â—thâ—r_n by_o reason_n they_o understand_v it_o not_o or_o bâ—cause_v the_o difficulty_n in_o attain_v it_o astonishâ—s_v and_o discourage_v they_o and_o all_o this_o add_v confucius_n happen_v for_o want_v of_o examination_n â—or_a if_o we_o diligent_o examine_v what_o be_v good_a in_o itself_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o all_o extremes_n be_v prejudicial_a and_o that_o the_o mean_v alone_o be_v always_o good_a and_o gainful_a he_o herein_o particular_o allege_v thâ—_n example_n of_o xun_n the_o emperor_n hâ—_n cry_v out_o how_o great_a be_v the_o prudence_n of_o the_o emperor_n xâ—n_n he_o be_v not_o satisfy_v in_o the_o administration_n oâ—_n state-affairs_a with_o his_o single_a examination_n with_o his_o own_o particular_a judgement_n and_o prudence_n he_o likewise_o consult_v the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n he_o ask_v advice_n upon_o the_o least_o thing_n and_o
circumspection_n if_o â—o_o he_o occur_v a_o great_a affluence_n of_o word_n he_o â—resumes_v not_o to_o expose_v it_o he_o restrain_v himself_o in_o a_o word_n he_o be_v â—o_o rigorous_a a_o censurer_n of_o himself_o that_o he_o be_v not_o aâ—_n rest_v when_o his_o word_n correspond_v not_o to_o his_o actionsâ—_n and_o his_o action_n to_o his_o word_n now_o the_o way_n cry_v he_o by_o which_o a_o man_n arrive_v at_o this_o perfection_n be_v a_o solid_a and_o constant_a virtue_n to_o this_o his_o master_n doctrine_n cusâ—_n here_o add_v a_o moral_a worthy_a of_o their_o meditation_n who_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o perfect_v themselves_o the_o perfect_a man_n say_v this_o worthy_a disciple_n of_o so_o great_a a_o philosopher_n the_o perfect_a man_n govern_v himself_o according_a to_o his_o present_a state_n and_o coveâ—s_v nothing_o beyond_o it_o if_o he_o find_v himself_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o riches_n he_o act_v like_o a_o rich_a man_n but_o addict_v not_o himself_o to_o unlawful_a pleasure_n he_o avoid_v luxury_n detest_v pride_n offend_v no_o body_n if_o he_o be_v in_o a_o poor_a and_o contemptible_a state_n he_o act_v as_o a_o poor_a and_o mean_a man_n ought_v to_o act_n but_o he_o do_v nothing_o unworthy_a of_o a_o grave_a and_o worthy_a manâ—_n if_o he_o be_v remoâ—e_v from_o his_o own_o country_n he_o behave_v himself_o as_o a_o stranger_n ought_v to_o do_v but_o he_o be_v always_o like_o himself_o if_o he_o be_v in_o affliction_n and_o adversity_n he_o do_v not_o insolent_o affront_v his_o destiny_n but_o have_v courage_n and_o resolution_n nothing_o can_v shake_v his_o constancy_n if_o he_o be_v advanc'dâ—_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o state_n he_o keep_v his_o rank_n but_o never_o treat_v his_o inferior_n with_o severity_n and_o if_o he_o see_v himself_o below_o other_o â—e_z be_v humble_a he_o never_o depart_v from_o the_o respect_n he_o owe_v to_o his_o superior_n but_o he_o never_o purchase_v their_o favour_n with_o flattery_n he_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o perfect_v himself_o and_o exact_v nothing_o of_o other_o with_o severity_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o he_o express_v no_o discontent_n or_o anger_n to_o any_o person_n if_o he_o liâ—ts_v up_o his_o eye_n towards_o heaven_n it_o be_v not_o to_o complain_v for_o that_o it_o have_v not_o send_v he_o prosperity_n or_o to_o murmur_v for_o that_o it_o afflict_v he_o if_o he_o look_v down_o towards_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v not_o to_o reproach_v man_n and_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o misery_n and_o necessity_n unto_o they_o it_o be_v to_o testify_v his_o humility_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v always_o contend_v with_o his_o condition_n that_o he_o desire_v nothing_o beyond_o and_o that_o with_o submission_n and_o a_o even_a spirit_n he_o expect_v whatever_o heaven_n shall_v ordain_v concern_v he_o thus_o he_o rejoice_v in_o a_o certain_a tranquillity_n which_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o top_n of_o those_o mountain_n which_o be_v high_a than_o the_o region_n where_o the_o thunder_n and_o tempest_n be_v form_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o book_n he_o discourse_v of_o the_o profound_a respect_n which_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n and_o especial_o the_o king_n and_o emperor_n have_v for_o their_o parent_n and_o of_o the_o exact_a obedience_n which_o they_o pay_v they_o if_o a_o king_n say_v they_o honour_n and_o obey_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n certain_o he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o excite_v his_o subject_n to_o follow_v his_o example_n for_o brieâ—ly_o a_o man_n that_o love_v virtue_n desire_v that_o all_o other_o shall_v likewise_o esteem_v it_o especial_o if_o it_o be_v his_o interest_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v virtuous_a now_o it_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o a_o king_n that_o his_o subject_n do_v love_n virtue_n and_o practice_n it_o indeed_o how_o can_v he_o hope_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o his_o subject_n if_o himself_o refuse_v to_o obey_v those_o that_o give_v he_o life_n after_o all_o if_o a_o prince_n desire_v to_o bring_v his_o subject_n to_o be_v obedient_a to_o their_o parent_n he_o must_v show_v kindness_n towards_o they_o and_o treat_v they_o with_o that_o tenderness_n which_o father_n have_v for_o their_o child_n for_o we_o willing_o imitate_v those_o who_o we_o love_v and_o of_o who_o we_o think_v we_o be_v belove_v but_o if_o this_o prince_n by_o his_o conduct_n excite_v his_o subject_n to_o give_v obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n and_o afterward_o obey_v he_o as_o their_o common_a father_n most_o certain_o they_o will_v obey_v heaven_n from_o whence_o crown_n and_o empire_n do_v come_v heaven_n which_o be_v the_o sovereign_a father_n of_o all_o and_o what_o will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o this_o obedience_n it_o will_v happen_v that_o heaven_n will_v diffuse_v its_o blessing_n on_o those_o that_o shall_v thus_o well_o acquit_v themselves_o it_o will_v abundant_o recompense_v so_o admirable_a a_o virtue_n it_o will_v make_v peace_n and_o concord_n every_o where_o to_o reign_v so_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n will_v seem_v as_o one_o single_a family_n where_o the_o subject_n obey_v their_o king_n as_o their_o father_n and_o the_o king_n love_v his_o subject_n as_o his_o child_n they_o will_v all_o lead_v as_o in_o a_o single_a but_o rich_a magnificent_a regular_a and_o convenient_a house_n the_o happy_a and_o most_o peaceable_a life_n imaginable_a to_o return_v to_o confucius_n as_o he_o know_v that_o the_o example_n of_o king_n make_v a_o great_a impression_n on_o man_n mind_n so_o he_o propose_v that_o of_o the_o emperor_n xun_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o obedience_n which_o child_n owe_v to_o their_o parent_n oh_o how_o great_a have_v the_o obedience_n of_o this_o emperor_n be_v cry_v confucius_n thus_o continue_v he_o if_o he_o have_v obtain_v from_o heaven_n the_o imperial_a crown_n it_o be_v the_o recompense_n of_o this_o virtue_n it_o be_v this_o virtue_n that_o procure_v he_o so_o many_o revenue_n those_o immense_a riches_n and_o vast_a kingdom_n which_o be_v only_o limit_v by_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v this_o virtue_n that_o have_v render_v his_o name_n so_o famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n in_o fine_a i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o long_a and_o peaceable_a life_n which_o he_o enjoy_v aught_o to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o recompense_n of_o this_o virtue_n to_o hear_v this_o philosopher_n speak_v will_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o he_o have_v read_v the_o decalogue_n and_o understand_v the_o promise_n which_o god_n have_v there_o make_v to_o those_o that_o honour_n their_o father_n and_o mother_n but_o if_o by_o what_o confucius_n declare_v it_o seem_v that_o the_o decalogue_n be_v not_o unknown_a to_o he_o it_o will_v rather_o seem_v that_o he_o know_v the_o maxim_n of_o the_o gospel_n when_o we_o shall_v see_v what_o he_o teach_v concern_v charity_n which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v for_o all_o men._n that_o love_n say_v he_o which_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o all_o man_n to_o have_v be_v not_o a_o stranger_n to_o man_n it_o be_v man_n himself_o or_o if_o you_o will_v it_o be_v a_o natural_a property_n of_o man_n which_o dictate_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o ought_v general_o to_o love_v all_o men._n nevertheless_o above_o all_o man_n to_o love_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v his_o main_a and_o principal_a duty_n from_o the_o practice_n of_o which_o he_o afterward_o proceed_v as_o by_o degree_n to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o universal_a love_n who_o object_n be_v all_o mankind_n it_o be_v from_o this_o universal_a love_n that_o distributive_a justice_n come_v that_o justice_n which_o make_v we_o to_o render_v to_o every_o one_o his_o due_a and_o more_o especial_o to_o cherish_v and_o honour_v wise_a and_o upright_a man_n and_o to_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o dignity_n and_o office_n of_o state_n that_o difference_n which_o be_v between_o the_o love_n we_o have_v for_o our_o parent_n and_o that_o we_o have_v for_o other_o between_o the_o love_n we_o bear_v to_o virtuous_a and_o learned_a man_n and_o that_o we_o bear_v to_o those_o which_o have_v not_o so_o much_o virtue_n or_o ability_n that_o difference_n i_o say_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o harmony_n a_o symmetry_n of_o duty_n which_o the_o reason_n of_o heaven_n have_v protect_v and_o in_o which_o nothing_o must_v be_v change_v for_o the_o conduct_n of_o life_n confucius_n propose_v five_o rule_n which_o he_o call_v universal_a the_o first_o regard_v the_o justice_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v practise_v between_o a_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n the_o second_o respect_n the_o love_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v between_o a_o father_n and_o his_o child_n the_o three_o recommend_v conjugal_a fidelity_n to_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o four_o concern_v the_o subordination_n that_o ought_v to_o appear_v between_o elder_a and_o young_a brother_n the_o five_o
not_o be_v so_o private_o manage_v but_o one_o of_o limcum_n son_n by_o his_o â—irst_n wife_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o this_o young_a prince_n jealous_a of_o his_o father_n honour_n so_o high_o resent_v it_o that_o he_o design_v to_o kill_v the_o queen_n which_o he_o conceal_v not_o the_o cunning_a and_o guilty_a princess_n who_o see_v herself_o detect_v and_o who_o have_v a_o great_a influence_n over_o her_o ancient_a spouse_n allege_v such_o plausible_a reason_n to_o make_v he_o believe_v her_o innocency_n that_o this_o poor_a prince_n shut_v his_o eye_n against_o the_o truth_n banish_v his_o son_n but_o as_o child_n be_v not_o culpable_a for_o their_o father_n crime_n he_o keep_v i_o with_o he_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o this_o disgrace_a prince_n limcum_fw-la die_v soon_o after_o the_o people_n recall_v the_o prince_n who_o the_o queen_n debauchery_n have_v banish_v and_o he_o go_v to_o receive_v the_o crown_n but_o his_o vicious_a son_n oppose_v he_o allege_v that_o his_o father_n be_v a_o parricide_n he_o raise_v army_n against_o he_o and_o be_v proclaim_v king_n by_o the_o people_n the_o son_n of_o a_o king_n of_o cucho_n continue_v he_o follow_v not_o this_o way_n behold_v a_o memorable_a example_n this_o king_n who_o history_n we_o shall_v relate_v in_o two_o word_n have_v three_o son_n and_o as_o father_n have_v sometime_o more_o tenderness_n for_o their_o young_a child_n than_o for_o the_o rest_n he_o have_v so_o much_o for_o the_o last_o which_o heaven_n have_v give_v he_o that_o some_o day_n before_o his_o death_n he_o appoint_v he_o for_o his_o successor_n to_o thâ—_n exclusion_n of_o his_o other_o brother_n this_o procedure_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o extraordinary_a as_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o people_n think_v after_o the_o king_n death_n that_o they_o may_v endeavour_v without_o any_o crime_n to_o advance_v the_o elder_a of_o the_o royal_a family_n on_o the_o throne_n this_o be_v execute_v as_o the_o people_n have_v project_v it_o and_o this_o action_n be_v general_o approve_v there_o waâ—_n none_o but_o the_o new_a king_n who_o remember_v his_o father_n die_a word_n refuse_v to_o consent_n this_o generous_a prince_n take_v the_o crowâ—_n that_o be_v present_v he_o put_v it_o on_o his_o young_a brother_n head_n and_o noble_o declare_v that_o he_o renounce_v it_o and_o think_v himself_o unworthy_a of_o it_o see_v that_o he_o have_v be_v exclude_v by_o his_o father_n will_n and_o thaâ—_n his_o father_n can_v not_o retract_v what_o hâ—_n have_v do_v the_o brother_n touch_v with_o such_o a_o heroic_a action_n conjure_v he_o the_o same_o moment_n not_o to_o oppose_v the_o inclination_n of_o all_o the_o people_n who_o desire_v he_o to_o reign_v over_o they_o he_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v he_o alone_o that_o be_v the_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o he_o contemn_v that_o their_o father_n can_v not_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n that_o this_o prince_n be_v overtake_v with_o a_o too_o great_a fondness_n and_o that_o in_o a_o word_n it_o in_o some_o measure_n belong_v to_o the_o people_n to_o redress_v the_o law_n of_o their_o king_n when_o they_o be_v not_o just_a but_o nothing_o can_v persuade_v he_o to_o act_v contrary_a to_o his_o father_n will._n between_o these_o two_o prince_n there_o be_v a_o laudable_a contestation_n neither_o will_v accept_v the_o crown_n and_o they_o see_v that_o this_o contest_v will_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n withdraw_v from_o the_o court_n and_o vanquish_v and_o victorious_a together_o they_o go_v to_o end_v their_o day_n in_o the_o repose_n of_o a_o solitude_n and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n to_o their_o brother_n these_o prince_n add_v he_o seek_v after_o virtue_n but_o they_o seek_v iâ—_n not_o in_o vain_a for_o they_o find_v it_o he_o frequent_o relate_v short_a history_n of_o this_o nature_n wherein_o a_o heroic_a generosity_n be_v every_o where_o see_v to_o discover_v itself_o the_o woman_n among_o the_o people_n and_o even_o great_a princess_n be_v therein_o observe_v rather_o to_o châ—sâ—_n death_n and_o â—hat_n with_o their_o own_o hand_n than_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o violence_n of_o their_o ravisher_n the_o magistrate_n be_v there_o see_v to_o quit_v the_o great_a employ_v to_o avoid_v the_o disorder_n of_o thâ—_n court_n philosopher_n to_o censure_n king_n upon_o their_o throne_n and_o prince_n who_o makâ—_n no_o difficulty_n to_o die_v to_o appease_v the_o anger_n of_o heaven_n and_o procure_v peacâ—_n to_o their_o people_n after_o this_o confucius_n show_v how_o thâ—_n dâ—ad_v aught_o to_o be_v bury_v and_o as_o this_o be_v perform_v in_o his_o time_n with_o a_o greaâ—_n deal_v of_o magnificence_n so_o in_o funeral_z pomp_n he_o blame_v whatever_o seem_v like_o ostentation_n and_o reprove_v it_o after_o a_o severe_a manner_n indeed_o one_o of_o his_o disciple_n be_v dead_a and_o this_o disciple_n be_v bury_v with_o the_o usual_a magnificence_n he_o cry_v out_o when_o he_o know_v it_o when_o my_o disciple_n be_v alive_a he_o respect_v i_o as_o his_o father_n and_o i_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o my_o son_n but_o can_v i_o now_o behold_v he_o as_o my_o son_n since_o he_o have_v be_v bury_v like_o other_o man_n he_o prohibit_v the_o bewail_v the_o dead_a with_o excess_n and_o if_o constrain_v by_o his_o own_o grief_n he_o shed_v tear_n for_o this_o very_a disciple_n he_o confess_v he_o forget_v himself_o that_o in_o truth_n great_a grief_n have_v no_o bound_n but_o that_o the_o wiseman_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v with_o grief_n that_o it_o be_v a_o weakness_n it_o be_v a_o crime_n in_o he_o he_o give_v great_a praise_n to_o some_o of_o his_o disciple_n who_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o great_a poverty_n be_v content_a with_o their_o condition_n and_o account_v as_o great_a riches_n the_o natural_a virtue_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o heaven_n he_o declaim_v against_o pride_n self-love_n indiscretion_n and_o against_o the_o ridiculous_a vanity_n of_o those_o that_o affect_v to_o be_v master_n every_o where_o against_o those_o self-conceited_n man_n who_o momentary_o cite_v their_o own_o action_n and_o against_o great_a talker_n and_o draw_v afterward_o the_o portraiture_n of_o the_o wiseman_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o he_o have_v discourse_v he_o say_v that_o humility_n modesty_n gravity_n and_o neighbourly_a affection_n be_v virtue_n which_o he_o can_v one_o moment_n neglect_n without_o depart_v from_o his_o character_n he_o say_v that_o a_o good_a man_n never_o afflict_v himself_o and_o fear_v nothing_o that_o he_o contemn_v injury_n credit_n not_o reproach_n and_o refuse_v even_o to_o â—ear_v report_n he_o maintain_v that_o punishment_n arâ—_n too_o common_a that_o if_o the_o magistrate_n be_v good_a man_n the_o wicked_a will_v conform_v their_o life_n to_o they_o and_o that_o if_o prince_n will_v only_o advance_v to_o dignity_n person_n distinguish_v by_o their_o honesty_n and_o exemplary_a life_n every_o one_o will_v apply_v himself_o unto_o virtue_n because_o that_o grandeur_n be_v that_o which_o all_o man_n natural_o desire_v every_o one_o willing_a to_o possess_v it_o will_v endeavour_v to_o render_v himself_o worthy_a thereof_o he_o will_v have_v we_o avoid_v idleness_n to_o be_v serious_a and_o not_o precipitate_v in_o our_o answer_n and_o that_o set_v ourselves_o above_o every_o thing_n we_o shall_v never_o be_v trouble_v either_o that_o we_o be_v contemn_v or_o not_o know_v in_o the_o world_n he_o compare_v hypocrite_n to_o those_o lewd_a villain_n who_o the_o better_a to_o conceal_v their_o design_n from_o the_o eye_n of_o man_n do_v appear_v wise_a and_o modest_a in_o the_o day_n timâ—_n and_o who_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n do_v rob_v house_n and_o commit_v the_o most_o infamous_a robbery_n he_o say_v that_o those_o that_o make_v their_o belly_n their_o god_n never_o do_v any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o a_o man_n that_o they_o be_v rather_o brute_n than_o rational_a creaturesâ—_n and_o return_v to_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o great_a one_o he_o very_o well_o remark_n that_o their_o crime_n be_v always_o great_a than_o the_o crime_n of_o other_o men._n zam_n the_o last_o emperor_n of_o the_o family_n of_o cheu_n say_v confucius_n on_o this_o occasion_n have_v a_o very_a irregular_a conduct_n but_o how_o irregular_a soever_o his_o conduct_n be_v the_o disorder_n of_o this_o emperor_n be_v only_o the_o disorder_n of_o his_o age._n nevertheless_o when_o any_o debauch_v criminal_a and_o infamous_a action_n be_v mention_v they_o say_v it_o be_v the_o crime_n of_o zam_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v this_o zam_n be_v wicked_a and_o a_o emperor_n confucius_n relate_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o concern_v the_o conduct_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n but_o most_o of_o the_o thing_n that_o he_o say_v
be_v impossible_a to_o be_v repair_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o consult_v the_o most_o age_a person_n that_o may_v have_v preserve_v any_o idea_n thereof_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v that_o the_o work_n be_v at_o present_a exceed_o defective_a even_o as_o the_o interpreter_n themselves_o acknowledge_v there_o be_v indeed_o several_a thing_n herein_o want_v and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o add_v which_o never_o be_v in_o confucius_n copy_n however_o in_o this_o whole_a volume_n such_o as_o it_o now_o be_v he_o treat_v of_o the_o rite_n as_o well_o sacred_a as_o profane_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o duty_n such_o as_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o three_o family_n of_o the_o prince_n hia_n xaâ—_n and_o cheâ—_n but_o especial_o of_o that_o which_o reign_v in_o confucius_n time_n these_o duty_n be_v those_o of_o parent_n to_o their_o child_n those_o of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n the_o duty_n of_o husband_n and_o wife_n those_o of_o friend_n those_o which_o respect_n hospitality_n and_o those_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v perform_v at_o home_n or_o abroad_o or_o at_o feast_n he_o there_o discourse_v likewise_o of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o victim_n that_o be_v to_o be_v offer_v up_o unto_o heaven_n oâ—_n the_o temple_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o that_o end_n of_o the_o respect_n we_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o the_o dead_a and_o of_o their_o obsequy_n or_o funeral_n rite_n in_o a_o word_n he_o therein_o treat_v of_o the_o liberal_a art_n especial_o of_o music_n of_o the_o military_a art_n of_o the_o way_n of_o lance_v a_o javelin_n and_o guide_v a_o chariot_n behold_v in_o brief_a what_o the_o five_o volume_n contain_v the_o four_o book_n the_o three_o first_o oâ—_n which_o be_v confucius_n book_n whereof_o we_o design_v to_o speak_v do_v comprehend_v the_o whole_a philosophy_n of_o the_o chinese_n at_o least_o whatever_o this_o philosophy_n have_v most_o curious_a and_o considerable_a they_o explain_v and_o more_o clear_o illustrate_v what_o be_v write_v in_o the_o five_o volume_n and_o although_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o five_o volume_n be_v infinite_o great_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o antiquity_n than_o that_o of_o the_o â—our_n volume_n yet_o the_o four_o volume_n exceed_v it_o for_o the_o advantage_n that_o may_v be_v receive_v therefrom_o indeed_o beside_o that_o the_o chineses_n do_v thence_o derive_v their_o principal_a oracle_n and_o what_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v eternal_a verity_n the_o lâ—terati_fw-la which_o be_v philosopher_n that_o follow_v confucius_n doctrine_n and_o which_o have_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n all_o the_o employment_n of_o the_o nation_n can_v arrive_v at_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o philosopher_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v mandorim_n or_o magistrate_n without_o a_o great_a knowledge_n of_o these_o four_o book_n they_o be_v in_o truth_n under_o a_o obligation_n to_o know_v one_o of_o the_o five_o volume_n which_o they_o please_v to_o choose_v according_a to_o their_o fancy_n and_o inclination_n but_o as_o for_o the_o â—our_n book_n they_o be_v indispensable_o oblige_v to_o know_v they_o all_o four_o by_o heart_n and_o thorough_o to_o understand_v they_o the_o principal_a reason_n of_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v the_o first_o be_v that_o confucius_n and_o memcius_n who_o write_v the_o four_o book_n have_v collect_v what_o be_v best_a and_o most_o exquisite_a in_o the_o work_v of_o the_o ancient_n the_o second_o be_v that_o they_o have_v add_v several_a good_a thing_n to_o the_o discovery_n and_o thought_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o three_o that_o confucius_n and_o memcius_n propose_v their_o doctrine_n after_o a_o clear_a and_o polite_a method_n than_o be_v former_o do_v in_o fine_a it_o be_v because_o that_o confucius_n and_o memcius_n have_v in_o the_o four_o book_n avoid_v the_o dull_a and_o harsh_a style_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o that_o by_o a_o smooth_a style_n although_o without_o pride_n and_o arrogancy_n they_o have_v add_v ornament_n to_o the_o naked_a simplicity_n of_o the_o golden_a age._n we_o have_v nothing_o to_o say_v concern_v the_o four_o book_n because_o that_o this_o work_n of_o memcius_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o appear_v in_o europe_n but_o before_o we_o proceed_v to_o speak_v of_o confucius_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o publish_v the_o merit_n of_o this_o philosopher_n together_o with_o the_o most_o remarkable_a passage_n of_o his_o life_n confucius_n be_v bear_v 551_o year_n before_o the_o come_n of_o jesus_n christ._n he_o be_v of_o a_o most_o noble_a extraction_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v his_o mother_n who_o be_v of_o a_o illustrious_a birth_n his_o father_n who_o have_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v descend_v from_o the_o last_o emperor_n of_o the_o second_o family_n disposition_n to_o virtue_n appear_v sometime_o in_o the_o tender_a year_n confucius_n at_o six_o year_n old_a discover_v nothing_o of_o a_o child_n all_o his_o way_n be_v manly_a at_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n he_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o read_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o have_v select_v those_o which_o be_v most_o esteem_v and_o which_o himself_o judge_v the_o best_a he_o thence_o extract_v the_o most_o excellent_a instruction_n with_o a_o design_n first_o to_o profit_v himself_o thereby_o to_o make_v they_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o own_o conduct_n and_o afterward_o to_o propose_v they_o to_o other_o at_o twenty_o year_n old_a he_o marry_v and_o have_v a_o son_n name_v peyu_n who_o die_v at_o fifty_o he_o be_v the_o only_a child_n he_o have_v but_o his_o race_n extinguish_v not_o he_o have_v a_o grandson_n call_v cusu_n that_o be_v a_o honour_n to_o his_o ancestor_n cusu_n apply_v himself_o to_o philosophy_n he_o make_v commentary_n on_o his_o grandfather_n book_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o high_a dignity_n and_o his_o house_n be_v so_o well_o support_v and_o his_o posterity_n have_v always_o be_v so_o considerable_a both_o for_o their_o promotion_n and_o opulency_n that_o this_o family_n be_v at_o present_a one_o of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a in_o china_n confucius_n exercise_v the_o magistracy_n at_o divers_a place_n with_o very_o good_a success_n and_o with_o a_o great_a reputation_n his_o great_a aim_n be_v the_o public_a good_a and_o the_o propagation_n of_o his_o doctrine_n he_o ambicious_o seek_v not_o after_o vainglory_n in_o these_o sort_n of_o employ_v insomuch_o that_o when_o he_o accomplish_v not_o his_o end_n when_o he_o see_v himself_o frustrate_v in_o the_o hope_n he_o have_v of_o be_v enable_v more_o easy_o to_o diffuse_v his_o light_n from_o a_o high_a place_n he_o descend_v and_o renounce_v the_o office_n of_o a_o magistrate_n this_o philosopher_n have_v three_o thousand_o disciple_n among_o which_o there_o be_v five_o hundred_o that_o manage_v the_o most_o eminent_a charge_n in_o several_a kingdom_n and_o seventy_o two_o who_o virtue_n aâ—d_v knowledge_n be_v so_o extraordinary_a that_o the_o annal_n have_v preserve_v their_o name_n surname_n and_o the_o name_n of_o their_o country_n to_o posterity_n he_o divide_v his_o doctrine_n into_o four_o part_n so_o that_o confucius_n school_n be_v compose_v of_o four_o order_n of_o disciple_n those_o of_o the_o first_o order_n apply_v themselves_o to_o cultivate_v virtue_n and_o thereby_o to_o impress_v strong_a disposition_n in_o their_o heart_n and_o mind_n those_o of_o the_o second_o order_n addict_v themselves_o to_o the_o art_n of_o ratiocination_n and_o rhetoric_n the_o three_o study_a politic_n and_o the_o business_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o four_o order_n be_v to_o write_v in_o a_o smooth_a and_o neat_a style_n what_o concern_v morality_n among_o these_o seventy_o two_o disciple_n there_o be_v ten_o that_o signalise_v themselves_o and_o who_o name_n and_o writing_n be_v in_o great_a veneration_n confucius_n throughout_o his_o doctrine_n have_v no_o other_o intent_n than_o to_o dissipate_v the_o mist_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o extirpate_v vice_n and_o re-establish_a that_o integrity_n which_o he_o affirm_v to_o have_v be_v a_o present_a from_o heaven_n and_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o attain_v this_o end_n he_o exhort_v all_o those_o that_o hear_v his_o instruction_n to_o obey_v heaven_n to_o fear_v and_o serve_v it_o to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n as_o himself_o to_o conquer_v and_o submit_v his_o passion_n unto_o reason_n to_o do_v nothing_o say_v nothing_o nor_o think_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o what_o be_v more_o remarkable_a he_o recommend_v nothing_o to_o other_o either_o in_o write_v or_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n which_o he_o do_v not_o first_o practice_v himself_o his_o disciple_n also_o have_v for_o he_o a_o veneration_n so_o extraordinary_a that_o they_o sometime_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o pay_v he_o those_o honour_n which_o be_v use_v to_o be_v render_v to_o those_o only_a that_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n a_o example_n of_o which_o
confucius_n work_n the_o first_o book_n the_o first_o book_n of_o confucius_n be_v publish_v by_o one_o of_o his_o most_o famous_a disciple_n name_v cemçu_fw-fr and_o this_o learned_a disciple_n write_v very_o excellent_a commentary_n thereon_o this_o book_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o gate_n through_o which_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o pass_v to_o arrive_v at_o the_o sublimest_n wisdom_n and_o most_o perfect_a virtue_n the_o philosopher_n here_o treat_v of_o three_o considerable_a thing_n 1._o of_o what_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v to_o cultivate_v our_o mind_n and_o regulate_v our_o manner_n 2._o of_o the_o method_n by_o which_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o instruct_v and_o guide_v other_o and_o 3._o of_o the_o care_n that_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o have_v to_o tend_v to_o the_o sovereign_n good_a to_o adhere_v thereunto_o and_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v to_o repose_v himself_o therein_o because_o the_o author_n chief_o design_v to_o address_v his_o instruction_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o magistrate_n that_o may_v be_v call_v to_o the_o regality_n this_o book_n be_v entitle_v ta-hio_a or_o the_o great_a science_n the_o great_a secret_n say_v confuciâ—s_n to_o acquire_v true_a knowledge_n the_o knowledge_n consequent_o worthy_a of_o prince_n and_o the_o most_o illustrious_a personage_n be_v to_o cultivate_v and_o polish_v the_o reason_n which_o be_v a_o present_a that_o we_o have_v receive_v from_o heaven_n our_o concupiscence_n have_v disorder_v it_o and_o intermix_v several_a impurity_n therewith_o taâ—e_v away_o therefore_o and_o remove_v from_o it_o these_o impurity_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v reassume_v its_o former_a luster_n and_o enjoy_v its_o utmost_a perfectionâ—_n this_o here_o be_v the_o sovereign_n good_n this_o be_v not_o sufficient_a it_o be_v moreover_o requisite_a that_o a_o prince_n by_o his_o exhortation_n and_o by_o his_o own_o example_n make_v of_o his_o people_n as_o it_o be_v a_o new_a people_n in_o fine_a after_o be_v by_o great_a pain_n arrive_v at_o this_o sovereign_a perfection_n at_o this_o chief_a good_a you_o must_v not_o relax_v it_o be_v here_o that_o perseverance_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a whereas_o man_n general_o pursue_v not_o the_o method_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o sovereign_n good_a and_o to_o a_o constant_a and_o eternal_a possession_n confucius_n have_v think_v it_o high_o important_a to_o give_v some_o instruction_n therein_o he_o say_v that_o after_o we_o know_v the_o end_n to_o which_o we_o must_v attain_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o determine_v and_o incessant_o to_o make_v towards_o this_o end_n by_o walk_v in_o the_o way_n which_o lead_v thereunto_o by_o daily_o confirm_v in_o his_o mind_n the_o resolution_n fix_v on_o for_o the_o attain_n it_o and_o by_o establish_v it_o so_o well_o that_o nothing_o may_v in_o the_o least_o shake_v it_o when_o you_o shall_v have_v thus_o fix_v your_o mind_n in_o this_o great_a design_n give_v up_o yourself_o add_v he_o to_o meditation_n reason_n upon_o all_o thing_n within_o yourself_o endeavour_v to_o have_v some_o clear_a idea_n thereof_o consider_v distinct_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o you_o pass_v without_o prejudice_n solid_a judgement_n thereonâ—_n examine_v every_o thing_n and_o weigh_v every_o thing_n with_o care_n after_o examination_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o nature_n you_o may_v easy_o arrive_v at_o the_o end_n where_o you_o must_v fix_v at_o the_o end_n where_o you_o ought_v resolute_o to_o stand_v vice_n at_o a_o perfect_a conformity_n of_o all_o your_o action_n with_o what_o reason_n suggest_v as_o to_o the_o mean_n which_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o use_v to_o purify_v and_o polish_v his_o reason_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o be_v thus_o dispose_v he_o may_v govern_v his_o state_n and_o redress_n and_o beautify_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o people_n the_o philosopher_n propose_v after_o what_o manner_n the_o ancient_a king_n govern_v themselves_o that_o they_o may_v at_o last_o govern_v their_o empire_n wise_o they_o endeavour_v say_v he_o prudent_o to_o sway_v a_o particular_a kingdom_n and_o to_o excite_v its_o member_n to_o improve_v their_o reason_n and_o to_o act_v like_o creature_n endow_v with_o understanding_n to_o produce_v this_o reformation_n in_o this_o particular_a kingdom_n they_o labour_v to_o regulate_v their_o family_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o model_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o reform_v their_o family_n they_o take_v a_o extraordinary_a care_n to_o polish_v their_o own_o person_n and_o so_o well_o to_o compose_v their_o word_n and_o action_n that_o they_o may_v neither_o say_v nor_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v ever_o so_o little_o offend_v complaicence_n and_o which_o be_v not_o edify_v to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v be_v a_o pattern_n and_o example_n continual_o expose_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o their_o domestic_n and_o all_o their_o courtier_n to_o obtain_v this_o exterior_a perfectionâ—_n they_o strive_v to_o rectify_v their_o mindâ—_n by_o govern_v and_o subdue_a their_o passionsâ—_n because_o that_o the_o passion_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n remove_v the_o mind_n from_o its_o natural_a rectitude_n do_v abase_v and_o incline_v it_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o vice_n to_o rectify_v their_o mind_n to_o rule_v and_o subdue_v their_o passion_n they_o so_o act_v that_o their_o will_n be_v always_o bend_v to_o good_a and_o never_o turn_v towards_o evil._n in_o fine_a thus_o to_o dispose_v their_o will_n they_o study_v to_o illuminate_v their_o understanding_n and_o so_o well_o to_o enlighten_v it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v ignore_v nothing_o for_o to_o will_n desire_n love_n and_o hate_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v this_o be_v the_o philosophy_n of_o right_a reason_n this_o be_v what_o confucius_n propose_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o instruct_v they_o how_o to_o rectify_v and_o polish_v first_o their_o own_o reason_n and_o afterwards_o the_o reason_n and_o person_n of_o all_o their_o subject_n but_o to_o make_v the_o great_a impression_n after_o have_v gradual_o descend_v from_o the_o wise_a conduct_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o understanding_n he_o reascend_v by_o the_o same_o degree_n from_o the_o illuminate_v understanding_n to_o the_o happy_a state_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n if_o say_v he_o the_o understanding_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v well_o enlighten_v his_o will_n will_v incline_v only_o to_o good_a his_o will_n incline_v only_o to_o good_a his_o soul_n will_v be_v entire_o rectify_v there_o will_v not_o be_v any_o passion_n that_o can_v make_v he_o destroy_v his_o rectitude_n the_o soul_n be_v thus_o rectify_v he_o will_v be_v compose_v in_o his_o exterior_a nothing_o will_v be_v observe_v in_o his_o person_n that_o can_v offend_v complaisance_n his_o person_n be_v thus_o perfect_v his_o family_n form_v itself_o according_a to_o this_o model_n will_v be_v reform_v and_o amend_v his_o family_n be_v arrive_v at_o this_o perfection_n it_o will_v serve_v as_o a_o example_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o particular_a kingdom_n and_o the_o member_n of_o the_o particular_a kingdom_n to_o all_o those_o that_o compose_v the_o body_n of_o the_o empire_n thus_o thâ—_n whole_a empire_n will_v be_v well_o govern_v order_n and_o justice_n will_v reign_v there_o we_o shall_v there_o enjoy_v a_o profound_a peace_n it_o will_v be_v a_o happy_a and_o flourish_a empire_n confucius_n afterward_o certify_v that_o these_o admonition_n do_v not_o less_o regard_v the_o subject_n than_o the_o prince_n and_o aâ—teâ—_n have_v address_v himself_o to_o king_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o ought_v particular_o to_o apply_v themselves_o right_o to_o govern_v their_o family_n to_o take_v care_n thereof_o and_o reform_v it_o for_o he_o add_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o he_o that_o know_v not_o how_o to_o govern_v and_o reform_v his_o own_o family_n can_v right_o govern_v and_o reform_v a_o people_n behold_v what_o be_v most_o important_a in_o confucius_n doctrine_n contain_v in_o the_o first_o book_n and_o which_o be_v the_o text_n as_o i_o may_v say_v whereon_o his_o commentator_n cemçu_fw-fr have_v take_v pain_n this_o famous_a disciple_n to_o explain_v and_o enlarge_v his_o master_n instruction_n allege_v authority_n and_o example_n which_o he_o draw_v from_o three_o very_a ancient_a book_n high_o esteem_v by_o the_o chinese_n the_o first_o book_n he_o mention_n which_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n than_o the_o rest_n be_v entitle_v camcao_n and_o make_v up_o a_o part_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o cheu_n this_o book_n be_v compose_v by_o a_o prince_n call_v vuvam_n the_o son_n of_o king_n venvam_n vuvam_fw-la do_v therein_o high_o extol_v his_o father_n but_o his_o principal_a design_n in_o magnify_v the_o virtue_n and_o admirable_a quality_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v to_o form_v according_a to_o this_o model_n one_o of_o his_o
brethrenâ—_n who_o he_o will_v perfect_v in_o virtue_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o he_o ordinary_o tell_v he_o that_o their_o father_n have_v the_o art_n of_o be_v virtuous_a venuâ—m_o say_v he_o to_o he_o have_v the_o art_n of_o polish_n his_o reason_n and_o his_o person_n the_o second_o book_n from_o whence_o cemçu_fw-fr cite_v his_o authority_n and_o example_n be_v call_v tar-kia_a this_o book_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n ancient_a than_o the_o first_o be_v write_v by_o a_o famous_a emperor_n of_o xam_n name_v y-yin_a it_o be_v therein_o read_v that_o this_o y-yin_a see_v tar-kia_a the_o grandson_n of_o the_o emperor_n chimtam_a degenerate_a from_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o illustrious_a ancestor_n and_o carry_v himself_o after_o a_o manner_n whole_o different_a from_o they_o he_o command_v he_o to_o live_v three_o year_n in_o a_o garden_n where_o be_v his_o grandfather_n tomb_n that_o this_o make_v so_o great_a a_o impression_n upon_o his_o spirit_n that_o he_o change_v his_o course_n and_o that_o the_o same_o y-yin_a who_o have_v do_v he_o so_o kind_a a_o office_n have_v afterward_o advance_v he_o to_o the_o empire_n tar-kia_a govern_v it_o a_o long_a time_n in_o great_a prosperity_n king_n tamburlaine_n say_v y-yin_a to_o tar-kia_a king_n tamburlaine_n always_o have_v his_o mind_n dispose_v to_o cultivate_v that_o precious_a reason_n which_o hâ—â—_n be_v give_v we_o from_o heaven_n in_o fine_a the_o three_o book_n which_o be_v much_o ancient_a than_o the_o two_o former_a be_v call_v ti-tien_a and_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o king_n yaâ—_n it_o be_v there_o read_v that_o this_o prince_n can_v cultivate_v this_o sublime_a virtue_n this_o great_a and_o sublime_a gift_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o heaven_n viz._n natural_a reason_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o confucius_n disciple_n by_o these_o authority_n design_v to_o show_v or_o rather_o suppose_v that_o the_o whole_a world_n believe_v that_o we_o have_v all_o receive_v from_o heaven_n those_o light_n which_o most_o man_n suffer_v to_o extinguish_v by_o their_o negligence_n a_o reason_n which_o most_o man_n voluntary_o slight_a and_o suffer_v to_o corrupt_v and_o see_v that_o there_o be_v prince_n which_o have_v perfect_v these_o light_n which_o have_v better_v and_o improve_v their_o reason_n we_o ought_v to_o imitate_v they_o and_o that_o we_o as_o well_o as_o they_o by_o their_o endeavour_n may_v attain_v to_o such_o a_o perfection_n we_o must_v not_o here_o forget_v a_o remarkable_a thing_n which_o cemçu_fw-fr relate_v touch_v a_o basin_n wherein_o king_n tam_fw-la use_v to_o bathe_v and_o wash_v himself_o he_o say_v that_o these_o excellent_a word_n be_v there_o engrave_v wash_v thyself_o renew_v thyself_o continual_o renew_v thyself_o every_o day_n renew_v thyself_o from_o day_n to_o day_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o intimate_v to_o the_o king_n that_o if_o â—_o prince_n which_o govern_v other_o have_v contract_v vice_n and_o impurity_n he_o ought_v to_o labour_v to_o cleanse_v himself_o therefrom_o and_o to_o reduce_v his_o heart_n into_o its_o first_o state_n of_o purity_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n to_o grave_n or_o paint_v on_o their_o domestic_a vessel_n some_o moral_a sentence_n and_o strong_a exhortation_n to_o virtue_n so_o that_o when_o they_o bathe_v themselves_o or_o take_v their_o repast_n there_o they_o have_v these_o sentence_n and_o exhortation_n continual_o before_o their_o eye_n this_o ancient_a custom_n be_v still_o preserve_v there_o be_v only_o this_o difference_n say_v he_o that_o publish_v confucius_n work_n that_o whereas_o heretofore_o the_o character_n be_v grave_v or_o paint_v on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o interior_a face_n at_o present_a the_o chineses_n do_v most_o frequent_o grave_a or_o paint_v they_o on_o the_o outside_n satisfy_v themselves_o in_o this_o age_n with_o the_o outward_a appearance_n of_o virtue_n after_o cemçu_fw-fr have_v speak_v of_o the_o two_o â—irst_n part_n of_o his_o master_n doctrine_n the_o one_o of_o which_o respect_v what_o a_o prince_n shall_v do_v for_o his_o own_o perfection_n and_o the_o other_o what_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v for_o the_o perfection_n and_o prosperity_n of_o other_o he_o proceed_v to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o part_n wherein_o he_o discourse_v of_o the_o last_o end_n that_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o propose_v as_o thâ—_n sovereign_a good_a and_o whereat_o he_o ought_v to_o fix_v we_o must_v remember_v that_o by_o the_o last_o end_n and_o sovereign_n good_a confucius_n understand_v as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v a_o entire_a conformity_n of_o our_o â—_z with_o right_a reason_n after_o this_o he_o allege_v the_o example_n of_o that_o venvam_fw-la already_o speak_v of_o and_o certain_o this_o prince_n conduct_n be_v so_o wise_a and_o regular_a that_o we_o can_v without_o admiration_n understand_v how_o by_o the_o sole_a light_n of_o nature_n he_o can_v have_v such_o idea_n as_o he_o have_v and_o can_v arrive_v at_o so_o sublime_a a_o virtue_n as_o that_o whereunto_o he_o attain_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unpleasing_a to_o see_v something_o of_o it_o here_o venvam_fw-la say_v the_o commentator_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o love_n which_o prince_n bear_v to_o their_o subject_n can_v but_o great_o contribute_v right_o to_o govern_v and_o make_v they_o happy_a and_o upon_o this_o consideration_n he_o make_v this_o love_n his_o principal_a business_n which_o he_o incessant_o endeavour_v to_o perfect_v behold_v the_o method_n he_o take_v because_o that_o the_o principal_a virtue_n of_o a_o subject_a be_v to_o honour_n and_o respect_v his_o king_n venvam_n be_v as_o yet_o a_o subject_a fix_v himself_o to_o render_v this_o honour_n and_o respect_n and_o take_v so_o great_a a_o pleasure_n in_o these_o sort_n of_o obligation_n that_o he_o always_o fulfil_v they_o with_o great_a fidelity_n as_o the_o first_o and_o most_o important_a virtue_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n be_v obedience_n venvam_n in_o the_o relation_n of_o a_o son_n adhere_v to_o this_o obedience_n and_o incessant_o acquit_v himself_o of_o this_o duty_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a piety_n the_o principal_a virtue_n of_o a_o father_n add_v confucius_n disciple_n be_v a_o tender_a love_n for_o his_o child_n thus_o venvam_n like_o a_o father_n stick_v close_o to_o this_o love_n whereof_o he_o contiâ—nally_o give_v very_a signal_n proof_n not_o by_o a_o weak_a and_o criminal_a indulgence_n but_o by_o the_o continual_a care_n he_o take_v to_o reform_v and_o instruct_v they_o in_o fine_a fidelity_n be_v a_o virtue_n absolute_o necessary_a to_o thosâ—_n that_o live_v in_o a_o society_n thus_o venuâ—m_n in_o speak_v and_o act_v with_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o kingdom_n keep_v close_o to_o this_o duty_n and_o so_o strong_o adhere_v to_o it_o that_o he_o never_o promise_v any_o thing_n which_o he_o effect_v not_o with_o a_o unspeakable_a promtitude_n and_o exactness_n this_o prince_n ses_fw-fr cemçu_fw-fr be_v bear_v of_o very_o virtuous_a parent_n who_o have_v take_v great_a care_n of_o his_o education_n especial_o his_o mother_n taicin_n who_o have_v be_v a_o pattern_n of_o virtue_n but_o he_o himself_o have_v so_o well_o improve_v this_o education_n â—hat_n he_o render_v himself_o a_o accomplish_a prince_n and_o acquit_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o reputation_n and_o such_o a_o general_a esteem_n even_o among_o foreign_a nation_n that_o forty_o four_o kingdom_n voluntary_o submit_v to_o his_o empire_n nevertheless_o add_v he_o this_o great_a honour_n wherewith_o he_o be_v environ_v be_v never_o capable_a of_o eclipse_v he_o he_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o inexpressible_a and_o unparalleled_a modesty_n and_o humility_n he_o very_o severe_o accuse_v himself_o of_o not_o be_v virtuous_a enough_o for_o one_o day_n when_o he_o be_v sick_a the_o earth_n be_v shake_v with_o prodigious_a earthquake_n he_o seek_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o calamity_n and_o of_o the_o wrath_n of_o heaven_n only_o in_o his_o own_o sin_n although_o he_o be_v of_o a_o consummate_v virtue_n that_o which_o most_o appear_v in_o venvam_n action_n be_v a_o extraordinary_a charity_n a_o proof_n whereof_o we_o will_v here_o allege_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o china_n it_o be_v record_v that_o this_o prince_n have_v find_v in_o the_o field_n the_o bone_n of_o a_o man_n to_o who_o the_o honour_n of_o burying_n be_v refuse_v he_o immediate_o command_v they_o to_o be_v inter_v and_o some_o of_o thâ—_n bystander_n say_v that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v unknown_a and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n he_o may_v not_o concern_v himself_o it_o be_v found_v perhaps_o on_o some_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n what_o reply_v the_o king_n he_o that_o hold_v the_o reins_o of_o the_o empire_n be_v not_o he_o the_o master_n of_o it_o he_o that_o reign_v be_v not_o he_o the_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o be_o
he_o examine_v every_o thing_n he_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a vigilance_n before_o he_o speak_v he_o be_v satisfy_v that_o what_o he_o be_v about_o to_o utter_v be_v true_a and_o rational_a and_o he_o think_v that_o he_o can_v reap_v a_o more_o pleasant_a fruit_n from_o his_o vigilance_n and_o examination_n than_o to_o accustom_v himself_o circumspect_o and_o wise_o to_o govern_v himself_o in_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v neither_o see_v nor_o know_v by_o any_o a_o collection_n out_o of_o confucius_n work_n the_o three_o book_n confucius_n three_o book_n be_v quite_o of_o another_o character_n than_o the_o two_o former_a as_o to_o the_o method_n and_o expression_n but_o in_o the_o ground_n it_o contain_v the_o same_o morality_n it_o be_v a_o contexture_n of_o several_a sentence_n pronounce_v at_o divers_a time_n and_o at_o several_a place_n by_o confucius_n and_o his_o disciple_n therefore_o it_o be_v entitle_v lun_n thou_o that_o be_v to_o say_v discourse_n of_o several_a pâ—rsons_n that_o reason_n and_o philosophize_v together_o in_o the_o first_o place_n there_o be_v represent_v a_o disciple_n of_o this_o famous_a philosopher_n who_o declare_v that_o he_o spend_v not_o a_o day_n wherein_o he_o render_v not_o a_o account_n to_o himself_o of_o these_o three_o thing_n 1._o whether_o he_o have_v not_o undertake_v some_o affair_n for_o another_o and_o whether_o he_o manage_v and_o follow_v it_o with_o the_o same_o eagerness_n and_o fidelity_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v his_o own_o concern_v 2._o if_o when_o he_o have_v be_v with_o his_o friend_n he_o have_v discourse_v they_o sincere_o if_o he_o have_v not_o satisfy_v himself_o with_o show_v they_o some_o slight_a appearance_n of_o kindness_n and_o esteem_n 3._o whether_o he_o have_v meditate_a on_o his_o master_n doctrine_n and_o whether_o after_o have_v meditate_a on_o it_o he_o have_v use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o reduce_v it_o to_o practice_v afterward_o appear_v confucius_n give_v lesson_n to_o his_o disciple_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o wise_a aught_o to_o be_v so_o occupy_v with_o his_o virtue_n that_o when_o he_o be_v in_o his_o house_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o seek_v his_o conveniency_n and_o delight_n that_o when_o he_o undertake_v any_o affair_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v diligent_a and_o exact_a prudent_a and_o considerate_a in_o his_o word_n and_o that_o though_o he_o have_v all_o these_o quality_n yet_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o person_n on_o who_o he_o ought_v least_o to_o confide_v he_o who_o he_o ought_v least_o to_o please_v that_o in_o a_o word_n the_o wiseman_n always_o distru_v himself_o ought_v always_o to_o consult_v those_o who_o virtue_n and_o wisdom_n be_v know_v unto_o he_o and_o to_o regulate_v his_o conduct_n and_o action_n according_a to_o their_o counsel_n and_o example_n what_o think_v you_o of_o a_o poor_a man_n say_v one_o of_o his_o disciple_n to_o he_o who_o be_v able_a to_o extenuate_v and_o diminish_v his_o poverty_n through_o flattery_n refuse_v to_o accept_v this_o offer_n and_o courageous_o maintain_v that_o none_o but_o coward_n and_o low-spirited_a man_n do_v flatter_v what_o think_v you_o of_o a_o rich_a man_n who_o notwithstanding_o his_o riches_n be_v not_o proud_a i_o say_v reply_v confucius_n that_o they_o be_v both_o praiseworthy_a but_o that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v consider_v as_o if_o they_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o virtue_n he_o that_o be_v poor_a aught_o to_o be_v cheerful_a and_o content_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o indigence_n behold_v wherein_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o poor_a man_n consist_v and_o he_o that_o be_v rich_a aught_o to_o do_v good_a to_o all_o he_o that_o be_v of_o a_o poor_a and_o abject_a spirit_n do_v good_a only_o to_o certain_a person_n certain_a passion_n certain_a particular_a friendships_n cause_n he_o to_o act_v his_o friendship_n be_v interest_v he_o disperse_v his_o wealth_n only_o with_o a_o prospect_n of_o reap_v more_o than_o he_o sow_v he_o seek_v only_o his_o own_o interest_n but_o the_o love_n oâ—_n the_o perfect_a man_n be_v a_o universal_a love_n a_o love_n who_o object_n be_v all_o mankind_n a_o soldier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ci_o say_v they_o unto_o he_o lose_v his_o buckler_n and_o have_v a_o long_a time_n seek_v after_o it_o in_o vain_a he_o at_o last_o comfort_n himself_o upon_o the_o loss_n he_o have_v sustain_v with_o this_o reflection_n a_o soldier_n have_v lose_v his_o buckler_n but_o a_o soldier_n of_o our_o camp_n have_v find_v it_o he_o will_v use_v it_o it_o have_v be_v much_o better_o speak_v reply_v confucius_n if_o he_o have_v say_v a_o man_n have_v lose_v his_o buckler_n but_o a_o man_n will_v find_v it_o thereby_o intimate_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o affection_n for_o all_o the_o man_n of_o the_o world_n confucius_n have_v a_o tender_a spirit_n as_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o what_o we_o have_v say_v but_o â—t_a be_v great_a and_o sublime_a the_o ancient_a chineses_n teach_v that_o there_o be_v two_o god_n which_o preside_v in_o their_o house_n the_o one_o call_v noao_n and_o the_o other_o cao_n the_o first_o be_v respect_v as_o the_o tutelar_a god_n of_o the_o whole_a family_n and_o the_o last_o be_v only_o the_o god_n of_o the_o fire-hearth_n nevertheless_o although_o the_o last_o of_o these_o genius_n be_v very_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o first_o yet_o to_o he_o be_v render_v great_a honour_n than_o to_o he_o that_o have_v all_o the_o domestic_a affair_n under_o his_o protection_n and_o there_o be_v a_o proverb_n which_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o seek_v the_o protection_n of_o cao_n than_o of_o noao_n as_o this_o preference_n have_v something_o very_o singular_a and_o seem_v in_o some_o measure_n even_o to_o encounter_v those_o which_o be_v promote_v to_o grandeur_n in_o prince_n court_n confucius_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o guez_n and_o meet_v one_o day_n with_o a_o praefect_n which_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o this_o kingdom_n this_o minister_n puff_v up_o with_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o fortune_n suppose_v that_o the_o philosopher_n design_v to_o procure_v some_o favour_n from_o the_o king_n demand_v of_o he_o by_o way_n of_o merriment_n the_o meaning_n oâ—_n this_o proverb_n so_o frequent_a in_o every_o one_o mouth_n it_o be_v better_a to_o seek_v the_o protection_n of_o cao_n than_o of_o noao_n confucius_n who_o present_o perceive_v that_o the_o praefect_n give_v he_o to_o understand_v by_o this_o question_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o address_v himself_o to_o he_o if_o he_o will_v obtain_v his_o request_n from_o the_o king_n his_o master_n and_o who_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n make_v this_o reflection_n that_o to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o a_o prince_n favourite_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o offer_v incense_n even_o to_o his_o defect_n and_o to_o forcâ—_n one_o self_n to_o compliance_n unworthy_a of_o a_o philosopher_n plain_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v whole_o differ_v from_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o age_n that_o he_o will_v not_o address_v himself_o to_o he_o with_o any_o address_n he_o want_v to_o show_v he_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o advertise_v he_o that_o though_o he_o shall_v answer_v his_o question_n according_a to_o his_o desire_n he_o can_v reap_v no_o benefit_n thereby_o he_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o that_o have_v sin_v against_o heaven_n shall_v address_v himself_o only_o to_o heaven_n for_o he_o add_v to_o who_o can_v he_o address_v himself_o to_o obtain_v the_o pardon_n of_o his_o crime_n see_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o deity_n above_o heaven_n confucius_n recommend_v nothing_o so_o much_o to_o his_o disciple_n as_o clemency_n and_o courtesy_n always_o ground_v upon_o this_o maxim_n that_o we_o ought_v to_o love_v all_o men._n and_o to_o make_v they_o better_a to_o apprehend_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o he_o say_v he_o make_v a_o instance_n of_o two_o illustrious_a prince_n that_o be_v distinguish_v for_o this_o very_a thing_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cucho_n these_o prince_n say_v he_o be_v so_o mild_a and_o courteous_a that_o they_o easy_o forget_v the_o most_o heinous_a injury_n and_o horrible_a crime_n when_o the_o offender_n show_v any_o sign_n of_o repentance_n they_o behold_v these_o criminal_n though_o worthy_a of_o the_o severe_a punishment_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v innocent_a they_o not_o only_o forget_v their_o fault_n but_o by_o their_o carriage_n make_v even_o those_o that_o have_v commit_v they_o in_o some_o measure_n to_o forget_v they_o and_o loose_v one_o part_n of_o the_o disgrace_n which_o remain_v after_o great_a lapse_n and_o which_o can_v only_o discourage_v in_o the_o way_n of_o virtue_n one_o of_o this_o philosopher_n great_a design_n be_v to_o form_n prince_n to_o virtue_n and_o to_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o reign_v happy_o he_o make_v