fit_a to_o take_v this_o church_n for_o a_o model_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o st._n laurence_n at_o florence_n which_o be_v of_o his_o design_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o apostle_n may_v be_v read_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o great_a altar_n the_o foundation_n of_o it_o engrave_v on_o marble_n in_o these_o word_n in_o the_o year_n eight_o hundred_o and_o five_o the_o 6_o of_o april_n charles_n the_o king_n of_o france_n at_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n enter_v into_o florence_n he_o be_v receive_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o joy_n and_o present_v by_o the_o burgher_n with_o several_a chain_n of_o gold_n there_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v on_o the_o altar_n of_o this_o building_n a_o plate_n of_o brass_n whereon_o be_v write_v the_o foundation_n and_o consecration_n of_o it_o by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o turpin_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o roland_n and_o oliver_n vii_o die_v vi_o aprilis_fw-la in_o resurrectione_n domini_fw-la carolus_n francorum_fw-la rex_fw-la à _fw-la roma_fw-la revertens_fw-la ingressus_fw-la florentiam_fw-la cum_fw-la magno_fw-la gaudio_fw-la &_o tripudio_fw-la susceptus_fw-la civium_fw-la copiam_fw-la torqueis_fw-la aureis_fw-la decoravit_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la in_o altari_fw-la inclusa_fw-la est_fw-la lamina_fw-la plumbea_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la descripta_fw-la apparet_fw-la praefata_fw-la fondatio_fw-la &_o consecratio_fw-la facta_fw-la per_fw-la archiepiscopum_fw-la turpinum_n testibus_fw-la rolando_n &_o uliverio_n vasari_n proëmio_fw-la dell_fw-it vite._n chap._n xiii_o reflection_n on_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o art_n of_o design_v and_o on_o the_o gothick_n way_n the_o gothick_n way_n continue_v after_o charlemagne_n during_o the_o second_o race_n of_o our_o king_n and_o under_o the_o reign_v of_o most_o part_n of_o the_o three_o under_o these_o last_o prince_n there_o be_v no_o change_n neither_o in_o architecture_n nor_o sculpture_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n we_o see_v nothing_o well_o order_v in_o their_o palace_n this_o be_v apparent_a in_o the_o palace_n of_o king_n robert_n at_o st._n martin_n and_o that_o of_o st._n lewis_n at_o paris_n these_o building_n have_v nothing_o but_o the_o gothick_n way_n in_o they_o this_o method_n continue_v after_o this_o king_n and_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o nostre-dame_n at_o paris_n which_o his_o successor_n finish_v all_o the_o beauty_n of_o this_o church_n consist_v in_o its_o vast_a greatness_n and_o fine_a plane_n and_o ingenious_a cut_v of_o the_o stone_n and_o some_o delicate_a small_a part_n or_o piece_n of_o architecture_n which_o notwithstanding_o sustain_v great_a weight_n notwithstanding_o the_o true_a order_n of_o architecture_n and_o good_a sculpture_n be_v there_o want_v every_o thing_n be_v after_o the_o ancient_n gothick_n way_n which_o be_v follow_v in_o france_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o lewis_n the_o xii_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o book_n we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o art_n of_o design_n decay_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o latter_a empire_n grow_v out_o of_o love_n with_o they_o and_o no_o long_o protect_v they_o this_o neglect_v of_o they_o begin_v the_o ruin_n of_o these_o art_n which_o increase_v during_o the_o civil_a war_n by_o the_o sacking_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o province_n of_o its_o empire_n the_o infidel_n and_o the_o heretic_n contribute_v much_o to_o this_o misfortune_n in_o several_a place_n and_o that_o even_o to_o the_o total_a destruction_n of_o these_o illustrious_a profession_n but_o that_o the_o reflection_n we_o make_v on_o the_o fall_n of_o these_o art_n may_v be_v useful_a to_o those_o who_o learn_v design_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o know_v wherein_o consist_v the_o ill_a and_o rude_a way_n which_o be_v introduce_v in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o declension_n that_o it_o may_v be_v avoid_v for_o the_o future_a it_o may_v be_v remark_v in_o the_o first_o place_n in_o the_o gothick_n piece_n that_o what_o they_o have_v of_o rude_a or_o ill_a in_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o ignorance_n of_o those_o that_o make_v they_o in_o the_o just_a proportion_n of_o the_o human_a figure_n which_o be_v the_o solid_a foundation_n of_o just_a design_v since_o all_o their_o statue_n be_v disproportionate_a for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v their_o head_n either_o too_o great_a or_o too_o little_a the_o hand_n and_o the_o extreme_a part_n too_o thin_a and_o slender_a their_o posture_n without_o any_o choiceness_n nay_o without_o intention_n or_o expression_n also_o in_o the_o clothing_n of_o their_o figure_n be_v to_o be_v see_v clothes_n cut_v in_o pleat_n and_o fold_n where_o natural_o there_o be_v none_o in_o short_a their_o work_n have_v nothing_o that_o can_v please_v the_o view_n or_o deserve_v the_o attention_n of_o those_o that_o be_v curious_a these_o be_v fault_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v as_o wrong_v principle_n by_o the_o pupil_n of_o design_v who_o ought_v to_o apply_v themselves_o immediate_o to_o the_o just_a proportion_n of_o the_o ancient_n for_o therein_o consist_v the_o true_a beauty_n of_o the_o art_n they_o ought_v to_o begin_v with_o the_o study_n of_o geometry_n and_o perspective_n and_o with_o the_o posture_n which_o natural_o express_v the_o different_a action_n of_o the_o body_n and_o passion_n of_o the_o soul_n they_o ought_v to_o take_v care_n to_o learn_v anatomy_n that_o they_o may_v know_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o observe_v their_o just_a contortion_n these_o be_v the_o mean_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v follow_v to_o arrive_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a beauty_n and_o excellency_n of_o these_o art_n it_o have_v be_v hereby_o that_o the_o excellent_a modern_a painter_n and_o engraver_n and_o architect_n have_v make_v such_o advance_n to_o who_o we_o be_v oblige_v for_o the_o re-establishment_n of_o paint_v of_o sculpture_n and_o of_o architecture_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o three_o book_n of_o this_o history_n book_n iii_o of_o the_o re-establishment_n of_o the_o art_n of_o design_n chap._n i._n the_o art_n begin_v to_o flourish_v again_o in_o toscany_n in_o architecture_n and_o sculpture_n after_o have_v show_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o this_o history_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o declension_n and_o fall_n of_o paint_v and_o sculpture_n and_o architecture_n by_o the_o ill_a and_o rude_a method_n and_o decay_v from_o that_o excellence_n which_o they_o have_v arrive_v to_o among_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n and_o roman_n we_o will_v show_v in_o this_o three_o book_n how_o these_o art_n by_o little_a and_o little_o emerge_v from_o the_o rude_a gothick_n way_n and_o continue_v their_o re-establishment_n from_o the_o year_n 1013_o to_o the_o end_n of_o 1500_o wherein_o they_o arrive_v to_o their_o primitive_a perfection_n and_o pass_v from_o italy_n into_o several_a other_o part_n and_o particular_o into_o france_n by_o the_o singular_a favour_n they_o find_v under_o our_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o lewis_n the_o great_a who_o now_o esteem_v it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o glory_n to_o have_v make_v the_o art_n of_o design_n to_o flourish_n these_o art_n of_o design_v begin_v first_o to_o be_v revive_v in_o toscany_n before_o they_o be_v know_v in_o other_o country_n for_o as_o the_o tuscan_n be_v the_o first_o among_o the_o ancient_n who_o practise_v they_o so_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o be_v the_o first_o in_o italy_n who_o raise_v they_o from_o the_o low_a state_n to_o which_o they_o be_v fall_v thus_o in_o the_o year_n 1300_o there_o begin_v to_o appear_v at_o florence_n a_o better_a sort_n of_o architecture_n than_o the_o ancient_a gothick_n for_o in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n miniate_v build_v in_o that_o time_n architecture_n may_v be_v observe_v to_o creep_v out_o of_o its_o barbarous_a method_n and_o to_o imitate_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o that_o building_n the_o way_n of_o the_o ancient_n after_o this_o happy_a beginning_n the_o art_n of_o design_v continue_v on_o to_o their_o perfection_n in_o toscany_n and_o the_o pisans_n in_o the_o year_n 1016_o found_v their_o great_a church_n call_v the_o dome_n of_o pisa_n the_o commerce_n they_o have_v by_o sea_n and_o particular_o into_o greece_n be_v a_o favourable_a mean_n for_o the_o re-establishment_n of_o architecture_n and_o sculpture_n for_o they_o bring_v thence_o several_a column_n and_o fragment_n of_o ancient_a architecture_n of_o marble_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o fabric_n of_o this_o church_n they_o bring_v together_o by_o these_o mean_v several_a engraver_n in_o italy_n and_o also_o grecian_a painter_n who_o work_v after_o their_o own_o old_a method_n for_o only_o use_v in_o their_o paint_n simple_a line_n which_o they_o colour_a all_o over_o equal_o without_o any_o shadow_v their_o work_n be_v not_o very_o artificial_a notwithstanding_o these_o remainder_n of_o art_n teach_v the_o italian_n the_o practice_n of_o paint_v in_o
family_n this_o he_o continue_v till_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o academy_n of_o architecture_n at_o rome_n be_v finish_v this_o academy_n be_v compose_v of_o several_a ingenious_a man_n one_o whereof_o be_v marcello_n cervino_fw-la who_o be_v afterward_o pope_n this_o noble_a assembly_n choose_v vignola_n to_o design_n and_o measure_n for_o they_o all_o the_o ancient_a building_n which_o make_v he_o entire_o leave_v paint_v to_o employ_v his_o whole_a time_n on_o architecture_n and_o thereby_o to_o become_v one_o of_o the_o best_a architect_n of_o his_o age._n the_o fame_n of_o vignola_n capacity_n and_o the_o reputation_n he_o have_v get_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o 1537_o francis_n primaticcio_n send_v to_o rome_n by_o francis_n the_o be_v it_o give_v he_o a_o commission_n to_o mould_n and_o form_v some_o of_o the_o fine_a ancient_a figure_n and_o afterward_o he_o carry_v he_o into_o france_n where_o he_o work_v for_o that_o king_n in_o make_v several_a design_n for_o building_n which_o be_v but_o in_o part_n finish_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n he_o also_o design_v on_o carton_n for_o primaticcio_n the_o history_n of_o ulysses_n paint_v in_o the_o gallery_n at_o fountainbleau_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n vignola_n be_v employ_v in_o cast_v several_a statue_n in_o brass_n of_o those_o he_o have_v model_v at_o rome_n and_o which_o be_v at_o fountainbleau_n and_o he_o be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o light_v on_o some_o very_a good_a founder_n insomuch_o that_o those_o brazen_a figure_n be_v cast_v with_o so_o much_o care_n that_o they_o scarce_o need_v any_o further_a work_n vignola_n at_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n have_v the_o honour_n of_o be_v the_o architect_n of_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o to_o continue_v that_o building_n according_a to_o the_o design_n of_o michael_n angelo_n he_o also_o make_v the_o design_n of_o the_o church_n of_o jesus_n and_o one_o of_o his_o chief_a piece_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o caprarola_n which_o he_o build_v for_o cardinal_n farneâ—â—_n he_o paint_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n several_a of_o the_o chamber_n with_o piece_n of_o perspective_n which_o be_v agreeable_a and_o for_o the_o same_o cardinal_n he_o finish_v that_o side_n of_o the_o farneze_n palace_n which_o stand_v next_o the_o tiber_n vignola_n be_v also_o employ_v by_o philip_n the_o iid_n king_n of_o spain_n to_o make_v the_o design_n of_o the_o church_n of_o st._n laurence_n and_o those_o of_o the_o escurial_n his_o design_n be_v prefer_v to_o above_o twenty_o other_o of_o the_o best_a architect_n in_o italy_n and_o even_o to_o that_o which_o be_v make_v at_o florence_n by_o the_o academy_n of_o design_v a_o design_n also_o which_o vignola_n make_v for_o the_o church_n of_o st._n petronio_n at_o bologna_n be_v prefer_v to_o several_a other_o those_o who_o give_v this_o judgement_n of_o it_o be_v christopher_n lombard_n architect_n of_o the_o dome_n of_o milan_n and_o julio_n romano_n painter_n and_o architect_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n beside_o the_o fine_a building_n of_o vignola_n at_o danti_fw-la at_o vignola_n die_v at_o rome_n in_o 1573_o at_o the_o age_n of_o sixty_o six_o year_n his_o life_n be_v write_v by_o egnatio_fw-la danti_fw-la rome_n and_o other_o place_n he_o have_v also_o publish_v a_o book_n of_o the_o order_n of_o architecture_n wherein_o the_o beauty_n and_o fineness_n of_o his_o profil_n have_v make_v his_o name_n famous_a several_a other_o famous_a architect_n appear_v at_o rome_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o age_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n maderni_n who_o make_v the_o front_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n afterward_o dominick_n fontana_n beside_o the_o building_n he_o make_v for_o sixtus_n the_o vth_o find_v out_o some_o extraordinary_a invention_n whereby_o he_o transport_v the_o egyptian_a obelisk_n at_o rome_n and_o set_v they_o up_o in_o the_o square_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n john_n lateran_n and_o st._n mary_n del_fw-it popolo_fw-la which_o 〈◊〉_d the_o fine_a ornament_n of_o that_o city_n fontana_n 〈◊〉_d moreover_o choose_v to_o be_v first_o architect_n and_o engineer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n it_o be_v in_o this_o city_n he_o build_v the_o magnificent_a palace_n of_o the_o viceroy_n and_o several_a other_o edifice_n chap._n xx._n the_o art_n of_o design_v flourish_v in_o france_n under_o francis_n the_o be_v it_o and_o henry_n the_o iid_n and_o their_o successor_n by_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o vignola_n it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o the_o true_a manner_n of_o architecture_n begin_v to_o revive_v in_o france_n and_o even_o before_o his_o time_n for_o it_o begin_v under_o lewis_n the_o xiith_o who_o cause_v jocondo_n to_o come_v out_o of_o italy_n king_n francis_n his_o successor_n have_v the_o like_a inclination_n not_o only_o for_o architecture_n but_o also_o for_o dipingere_fw-la for_o this_o great_a prince_n be_v so_o great_a a_o lover_n of_o these_o art_n that_o he_o make_v it_o one_o of_o his_o recreation_n to_o design_n and_o paint_n paul_n lomazzo_n trattato_n d._n l._n pitt_n in_o these_o term_n epero_fw-la si_fw-la leg_n i_o '_o l_o rè_fw-la di_fw-it francia_n molte_fw-it volte_fw-it si_fw-la dilettava_fw-la di_fw-mi prendére_o lo_o stile_n in_o mano_fw-la &_o essercitarsi_fw-la nel_fw-it disegnare_fw-la &_o dipingere_fw-la paint_v and_o for_o all_o the_o other_o art_n of_o design_v for_o he_o send_v for_o several_a ingenious_a italian_n into_o france_n to_o who_o he_o show_v particular_a favour_n rosso_n know_v in_o france_n by_o the_o name_n of_o roux_n be_v among_o the_o chief_a of_o his_o favourite_n he_o be_v a_o painter_n and_o architect_n of_o a_o good_a mein_fw-ge and_o very_o ingenious_a this_o excellent_a genius_n apply_v himself_o in_o his_o youth_n at_o florence_n to_o study_v the_o great_a piece_n do_v by_o michael_n angelo_n in_o the_o council-hall_n afterward_o he_o paint_v of_o himself_o without_o follow_v any_o master_n afterward_o he_o go_v into_o france_n where_o he_o be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o get_v the_o favour_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o king_n who_o allow_v he_o a_o pension_n of_o four_o hundred_o crown_n after_o that_o he_o begin_v to_o paint_v the_o low_a gallery_n at_o fountainbleau_n where_o he_o paint_v twenty_o four_o historical_a piece_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a this_o please_v the_o king_n so_o much_o that_o he_o give_v he_o a_o canonship_n in_o the_o chapel_n at_o paris_n rosso_n moreover_o paint_v several_a chamber_n at_o fountainbleau_n which_o after_o his_o death_n be_v somewhat_o change_v there_o be_v a_o book_n of_o several_a design_n of_o anatomy_n which_o he_o have_v make_v for_o the_o king_n about_o to_o be_v engrave_v stamp_n engrave_v le_fw-fr roux_n who_o the_o italian_n call_v il_fw-fr rosso_n a_o florentine_a painter_n and_o architect_n die_v at_o paris_n in_o 1541_o of_o a_o melancholy_a which_o he_o conceive_v by_o have_v inconsiderate_o accuse_v one_o of_o his_o best_a friend_n of_o have_v rob_v he_o the_o king_n and_o all_o that_o know_v he_o be_v very_o sorrowful_a for_o his_o death_n his_o disciple_n and_o those_o who_o work_v for_o he_o in_o paint_v and_o plaster_n be_v naldino_n a_o florentine_a master_n francis_n of_o orleans_n claudius_n of_o paris_n laurence_n picard_n and_o several_a other_o the_o most_o ingenious_a whereof_o be_v dominick_n del_fw-it barbieri_n a_o florentine_a a_o excellent_a painter_n and_o artist_n in_o stucco-work_n and_o also_o a_o good_a designer_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o his_o stamp_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o decease_n of_o this_o painter_n francis_n primaticcio_n of_o bolonia_n carry_v on_o the_o work_n of_o rosso_n at_o fountainbleau_n he_o come_v into_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1531_o a_o year_n after_o the_o establishment_n of_o rosso_n that_o which_o cause_v this_o voyage_n of_o primaticcio_n be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o paint_n and_o stucco-work_n wherewith_o the_o famous_a julio_n romano_n have_v adorn_v the_o palace_n of_o t._n at_o mantua_n so_o the_o king_n desire_v the_o duke_n to_o send_v he_o a_o painter_n who_o understand_v stucco-work_n primaticcio_n have_v be_v six_o year_n a_o disciple_n of_o julio_n romano_n and_o have_v distinguish_v himself_o by_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o stucco-work_n he_o make_v by_o the_o easiness_n of_o his_o design_v and_o by_o the_o way_n he_o have_v of_o manage_v colour_n in_o fresco_n this_o painter_n be_v choose_v out_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n for_o francis_n the_o i._o who_o set_v he_o to_o paint_n in_o fresco_n and_o work_v in_o stucco_n which_o have_v not_o till_o then_o be_v see_v in_o france_n and_o after_o have_v have_v the_o honour_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n eight_o year_n his_o majesty_n honour_v he_o with_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o valet_fw-la of_o his_o chamber_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v reward_v with_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n martin_n
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