prefer_v because_o he_o dwell_v in_o a_o house_n where_o christianity_n be_v first_o profess_v which_o be_v in_o itself_o very_o ridiculous_a and_o if_o the_o first_o christian_a race_n be_v allow_v the_o preference_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v for_o donald_n king_n of_o scot_n embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n in_o anno_fw-la 199._o before_o either_o william_n the_o conqueror_n succeed_v to_o england_n or_o hugh_n capet_n to_o france_n and_o long_o before_o spain_n obey_v this_o race_n of_o monarch_n for_o which_o we_o can_v cite_v not_o only_o our_o own_o historian_n but_o baronius_n ad_fw-la annum_fw-la 449._o duchesne_n and_o many_o other_o and_o particular_o beda_n and_o polidor_n the_o worthy_a of_o english_a historian_n beda_n relate_v that_o imbuebantur_fw-la a_o scotis_n parvuli_fw-la anglorum_fw-la quin_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la alsridus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la rex_fw-la in_fw-la insulis_fw-la scotorum_fw-la operam_fw-la dedit_fw-la &_o sacras_fw-la literas_fw-la didicit_fw-la lib._n 3._o hist._n c._n 27._o reges_fw-la angliae_fw-la cupidi_fw-la salutis_fw-la aeternae_fw-la legatos_fw-la ad_fw-la eugenium_fw-la quartum_fw-la scotorum_fw-la regem_fw-la miserunt_fw-la ut_fw-la ille_fw-la digneretur_fw-la viros_fw-la idoneos_fw-la mittere_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la illi_fw-la christianae_n fidei_fw-la rudimenta_fw-la docerentur_fw-la &_o sacro_fw-la baptismatis_fw-la fonte_fw-la abluerentur_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la haud_fw-la gravate_v indulsit_fw-la which_o clear_v full_o that_o our_o king_n be_v christian_a before_o those_o of_o england_n and_o so_o ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o their_o own_o argument_n and_o their_o own_o author_n king_n donald_n conversion_n be_v attest_v by_o bellar._n in_o his_o answer_n to_o king_n james_n by_o barronius_n ad_fw-la annum_fw-la 429._o sanderus_n lib._n 4._o de_fw-mi clav_fw-mi david_n arnoldus_fw-la de_fw-fr conversione_n gentium_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o since_o king_n donald_n be_v before_o fergus_n the_o second_o it_o appear_v clear_o even_o from_o foreign_a history_n that_o we_o have_v king_n before_o fergus_n the_o ii_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o in_o the_o council_n of_o constans_n england_n and_o france_n be_v prefer_v to_o scotland_n but_o that_o proceed_v as_o gothofred_n observe_v from_o the_o partiality_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o always_o prefer_v those_o who_o be_v able_a to_o do_v they_o most_o service_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n according_a to_o these_o that_o race_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v who_o title_n be_v just_a and_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n scotland_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v for_o its_o king_n have_v not_o usurp_v over_o the_o people_n which_o they_o govern_v and_o not_o only_o do_v religion_n consider_v this_o ground_n of_o preference_n as_o suitable_a to_o devotion_n but_o the_o law_n consider_v it_o as_o suitable_a to_o justice_n and_o lawyer_n have_v therefore_o think_v a_o succession_n of_o king_n enjoy_v a_o just_a title_n free_a from_o violence_n and_o tyranny_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a ground_n of_o preference_n and_o precedency_n and_o thus_o vasquez_n in_o praefat_fw-la ad_fw-la illustres_fw-la questiones_fw-la say_v that_o multum_fw-la ad_fw-la nobilitatem_fw-la &_o praelationem_fw-la confert_fw-la ex_fw-la veris_fw-la &_o legittimis_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la a_o tyrannis_fw-la descendisse_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o custom_n either_o of_o court_n or_o council_n invert_v the_o precedency_n which_o be_v found_v upon_o antiquity_n and_o the_o right_n of_o blood_n from_o which_o consuetude_n can_v derogat_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o precedency_n since_o that_o consuetude_n be_v only_o respect_v in_o law_n quae_fw-la in_o se_fw-la rationabilis_fw-la juri_fw-la nec_fw-la naturae_fw-la nec_fw-la gentium_fw-la contrariatur_fw-la and_o likeways_o since_o this_o matter_n of_o precedency_n be_v settle_v by_o lawyer_n upon_o these_o solid_a foundation_n for_o secure_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o interest_n of_o mankind_n it_o be_v unjust_a that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v so_o easy_o overthrow_v by_o the_o partiality_n of_o interest_v churchman_n or_o the_o pride_n and_o power_n of_o other_o competing_n and_o rival_n prince_n and_o therefore_o to_o secure_v the_o right_n of_o justice_n and_o blood_n against_o all_o such_o invasion_n lawyer_n have_v unanimous_o conclude_v that_o consuetudine_fw-la induci_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la ut_fw-la prio_fw-la in_o dignitate_fw-la praeferatur_fw-la posteriori_fw-la crus_n de_fw-fr praeemi_fw-fr cap._n 12._o which_o principle_n they_o so_o far_o assert_v as_o to_o conclude_v that_o this_o can_v not_o be_v concede_v even_o by_o express_a paction_n rumellin_n dissert_v 1._o thes_n 18._o even_o though_o that_o paction_n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n rippa_n ad_fw-la l._n 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr donat_fw-la and_o albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o every_o man_n may_v renounce_v that_o which_o be_v introduce_v in_o his_o own_o favour_n yet_o to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o man_n can_v renounce_v what_o be_v introduce_v in_o their_o own_o favour_n when_o that_o which_o they_o renounce_v be_v not_o principal_o introduce_v in_o their_o favour_n but_o arise_v to_o they_o necessary_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n or_o be_v introduce_v principal_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o mankind_n rather_o than_o of_o they_o and_o in_o which_o three_o party_n will_v likewise_o be_v concern_v all_o which_o be_v clear_v not_o only_o by_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n but_o by_o l._n 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o precedency_n from_o the_o antiquity_n of_o blood_n be_v no_o such_o private_a right_n as_o may_v be_v renounce_v it_o be_v a_o privilege_n not_o give_v by_o law_n but_o arise_v from_o nature_n lex_fw-la non_fw-la data_fw-la sed_fw-la nata_fw-la and_o introduce_v for_o regulate_v the_o common_a interest_n of_o mankind_n and_o prevent_v their_o difference_n or_o oppression_n whereas_o how_o unfortunate_a or_o irregular_a shall_v man_n be_v if_o subject_n may_v force_v their_o magistrate_n or_o young_a brother_n the_o elder_a or_o strong_a prince_n the_o weak_a to_o renounce_v by_o paction_n or_o may_v serve_v from_o they_o by_o custom_n and_o inadvertance_n the_o seniority_n and_o precedency_n due_a to_o they_o whereas_o now_o the_o impossibility_n of_o prevail_v in_o such_o design_n take_v happy_o away_o all_o lust_a after_o they_o and_o whatever_o may_v be_v ascribe_v to_o consuetude_n or_o decision_n in_o that_o precedency_n which_o because_o it_o spring_v mere_o from_o custom_n may_v be_v regulate_v by_o it_o or_o in_o dubious_a case_n where_o a_o grain_n weight_n may_v cast_v a_o balance_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o law_n nor_o reason_n that_o can_v be_v adduce_v for_o take_v away_o by_o decision_n negligence_n or_o consuetude_n a_o clear_a right_n of_o precedency_n found_v upon_o the_o antiquity_n of_o blood_n especial_o since_o all_o who_o write_v upon_o precedency_n be_v clear_a that_o no_o man_n can_v prejudge_v his_o successor_n as_o to_o the_o precedency_n due_a to_o they_o by_o blood_n licet_fw-la positus_fw-la in_o dignitate_fw-la svo_fw-la ipsius_fw-la facto_fw-la possit_fw-la sibi_fw-la prejudicium_fw-la afferre_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la praejudicare_fw-la potest_fw-la quoad_fw-la successores_fw-la suos_fw-la dec._n consil_n 21._o num_fw-la 74._o vid._n gothofred_n de_fw-mi praece_v pag._n 55._o rub._n decis_fw-la 298._o qui_fw-la tradit_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la a_o genere_fw-la &_o natura_fw-la tribuuntur_fw-la non_fw-la obstante_fw-la facto_fw-la majorum_fw-la manent_fw-la incolumia_fw-la which_o rule_n shall_v rather_o hold_v in_o king_n than_o in_o any_o else_o because_o they_o be_v but_o administrator_n but_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o decision_n against_o our_o king_n nor_o have_v they_o ever_o consent_v to_o any_o such_o preference_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o may_v be_v say_v for_o other_o against_o they_o in_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n the_o matter_n of_o right_o be_v still_o entire_a vasquez_n the_o illustrious_a spanish_a lawyer_n do_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n adduce_v several_a argument_n for_o the_o precedency_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n which_o if_o they_o be_v well_o found_v will_v i_o confess_v infer_v a_o precedency_n to_o england_n and_o france_n and_o which_o i_o shall_v the_o willingly_a adduce_n and_o answer_v that_o i_o have_v hear_v they_o urge_v for_o france_n and_o spain_n against_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n and_o because_o they_o be_v the_o general_a topic_n and_o common_a place_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v and_o understand_v for_o clear_v not_o only_o the_o precedency_n of_o prince_n but_o even_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n the_o first_o be_v that_o these_o who_o be_v most_o powerful_a and_o great_a ought_v still_o to_o be_v prefer_v c._n statuimus_fw-la de_fw-fr major_a &_o ob_v and_o he_o must_v be_v account_v most_o powerful_a who_o be_v most_o powerful_a the_o time_n of_o the_o debate_n nam_fw-la qualitas_fw-la adjecta_fw-la verbo_fw-la debet_fw-la intelligi_fw-la secundum_fw-la tempus_fw-la verbi_fw-la l._n
their_o monument_n or_o record_n and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o we_o have_v charter_n for_o these_o land_n we_o hold_v in_o england_n and_o that_o england_n have_v charter_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o the_o land_n they_o hold_v in_o france_n and_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 1._o that_o king_n style_v himself_o rex_fw-la &_o superior_a dominus_fw-la regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la during_o his_o violent_a usurpation_n over_o scotland_n whereas_o never_o any_o king_n of_o england_n do_v so_o former_o and_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v have_v any_o such_o pretension_n they_o have_v assume_v the_o same_o title_n but_o this_o imaginary_a title_n begin_v and_o end_v with_o the_o force_n which_o only_o maintain_v it_o 3._o the_o english_a can_v condescend_v upon_o any_o reason_n which_o may_v have_v prevail_v with_o the_o scot_n to_o have_v become_v vassal_n to_o england_n nor_o any_o particular_a time_n when_o they_o first_o become_v vassal_n and_o all_o they_o can_v allege_v be_v that_o upon_o some_o impression_n of_o force_n some_o of_o our_o own_o king_n be_v prisoner_n or_o some_o of_o our_o people_n be_v oppress_v they_o do_v elicit_v from_o they_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o vassalage_n former_o state_v whereas_o force_n render_v all_o acknowledgement_n null_n and_o that_o these_o acknowledgement_n be_v null_a upon_o many_o other_o account_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v force_v to_o grant_v the_o like_a to_o other_o prince_n shall_v be_v prove_v clear_o in_o answer_n to_o the_o instance_n which_o the_o english_a adduce_v 4._o scotland_n have_v be_v habit_n and_o repute_n and_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v a_o free_a monarchy_n and_o their_o king_n independent_a and_o supreme_a and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o all_o foreign_a prince_n the_o best_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n who_o have_v receive_v and_o prefer_v their_o ambassador_n as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o free_a prince_n but_o even_o in_o general_a council_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n have_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n hungary_n pole_n navarr_n cyprus_n bohemia_n denmark_n and_o thus_o they_o be_v rank_v by_o pope_n julius_n the_o ii_o anno_fw-la 1504_o vid._n besold_n sinop._n doct_n politicae_fw-la lib._n 20._o cap._n 10._o which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v do_v if_o he_o have_v be_v only_o a_o feudatory_a prince_n since_o all_o free_a prince_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o feudatory_a prince_n yea_o and_o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v vassal_n to_o england_n for_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v certain_o crave_v and_o obtain_v the_o precedency_n from_o other_o king_n upon_o that_o account_n since_o he_o have_v be_v rex_fw-la regum_fw-la and_o since_o france_n crave_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o spain_n because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v his_o vassal_n as_o chassanaeus_n observe_v part_v 5._o consider_v 19_o so_o much_o rather_o ought_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o have_v be_v prefer_v because_o they_o may_v have_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v a_o crown_n hold_v of_o they_o whereas_o they_o hold_v only_o some_o feu-land_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n 5._o not_o only_o christian_a prince_n and_o council_n but_o even_o pope_n have_v declare_v scotland_n to_o be_v a_o free_a kingdom_n and_o independent_a from_o england_n and_o thus_o pope_n honorius_n allow_v to_o scotland_n that_o be_v subject_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o answer_v by_o way_n of_o appeal_n to_o any_o court_n without_o their_o own_o kingdom_n salva_fw-la solummodo_fw-la authoritate_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la 2._o edward_n king_n of_o england_n have_v petition_v pope_n innocent_a the_o iv._o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n may_v not_o be_v anoint_v or_o crown_v without_o his_o knowledge_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n se_fw-la facere_fw-la ipso_fw-la inscio_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la coronari_fw-la vel_fw-la inungi_fw-la the_o say_a pope_n do_v refuse_v the_o same_o presentibus_fw-la procuratoribus_fw-la parium_fw-la in_o consilio_fw-la lugdunensi_fw-la satis_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la determinans_fw-la regnum_fw-la scotiae_fw-la regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la non_fw-la subesse_fw-la 3._o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v likewise_o petition_v the_o same_o pope_n innocent_a that_o he_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o collect_v the_o tithe_n of_o scotland_n since_o he_o have_v right_o terrarum_fw-la omnium_fw-la suae_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la subjectarum_fw-la the_o same_o be_v also_o refuse_v 4._o pope_n boniface_n the_o eight_o do_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o edward_n king_n of_o england_n declare_v that_o ad_fw-la celsitudinem_fw-la regiam_fw-la potuit_fw-la pervenisse_fw-la qualiter_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n quodque_fw-la regnum_fw-la scotiae_fw-la sicut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la a_fw-la progenitoribus_fw-la tuis_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la regibus_fw-la feudale_n non_fw-la extitit_fw-la nec_fw-la existit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o copy_n of_o which_o letter_n i_o have_v at_o present_a and_o duchesne_n write_v the_o history_n of_o great_a britain_n do_v pag._n 661._o relate_v that_o le_fw-fr mesine_fw-la pape_n renvoya_n d'_fw-fr autres_fw-fr lettres_n au_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr anglterre_n pour_fw-fr soustenir_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr royaume_fw-fr de_fw-fr escosse_n ne_fw-fr dependoit_fw-fr point_fw-fr d'_fw-fr anglterre_n &_o que_fw-fr contre_fw-fr le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr divin_n &_o la_fw-fr justice_n il_fw-fr s'_fw-fr en_fw-fr vindicoit_fw-fr la_fw-fr subjection_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o same_o pope_n send_v letter_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o which_o he_o maintain_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n be_v no_o way_n subject_n to_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o his_o seek_v to_o subject_v it_o to_o he_o as_o superior_a be_v contrare_fw-la to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o men._n 6._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n a_o vassal_n can_v mortify_v any_o part_n of_o his_o feu_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o superior_a because_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o mortification_n lose_v the_o service_n due_a to_o he_o out_o of_o his_o feu_n churchman_n be_v oblige_v to_o no_o reddendo_fw-la but_o praeces_fw-la &_o vota_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o all_o mortification_n make_v by_o vassal_n the_o superior_n confirmation_n be_v still_o require_v and_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o that_o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v a_o feu_fw-fr hold_v of_o england_n the_o pope_n their_o conclave_n and_o the_o monastry_n themselves_o will_v have_v seek_v confirmation_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o mortification_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o subject_n of_o scotland_n there_o be_v more_o erection_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o scotland_n than_o in_o any_o nation_n of_o equal_a revenue_n and_o yet_o never_o any_o such_o confirmation_n be_v seek_v or_o pretend_v to_o but_o on_o the_o contrare_fw-la the_o pope_n still_o confirm_v these_o erection_n as_o make_v per_fw-la reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la as_o he_o do_v in_o all_o other_o nation_n or_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n confirm_v these_o erection_n if_o they_o be_v make_v by_o any_o of_o his_o vassal_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o pope_n do_v in_o these_o confirmation_n design_v our_o king_n regem_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o not_o scotorum_fw-la 7._o the_o historian_n also_o of_o other_o nation_n do_v concur_v with_o those_o of_o our_o nation_n in_o assert_v this_o freedom_n and_o thus_o arnisaeus_n the_o best_a lawyer_n who_o have_v write_v upon_o these_o politic_a question_n do_v look_v upon_o this_o pretence_n as_o a_o mere_a fiction_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 5._o anglus_fw-la scotorum_fw-la regem_fw-la habebat_fw-la sibi_fw-la fiduciarium_fw-la sive_fw-la ratione_fw-la aliquot_fw-la regionum_fw-la sive_fw-la ratione_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regni_fw-la ut_fw-la nimis_fw-la audacter_fw-la asserit_fw-la math._n steph._n nam_fw-la haec_fw-la vetustate_fw-la temporis_fw-la &_o obscuritate_fw-la authorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la incerta_fw-la and_o duchesne_n pag._n 21._o speak_v of_o scotland_n assert_n positive_o that_o its_o king_n do_v recognosce_fw-la no_o superior_a but_o god_n and_o be_v every_o way_n a_o sovereign_a prince_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o old_a pretension_n of_o england_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr possede_n en_fw-fr toute_fw-fr souverainté_fw-fr sans_fw-fr recognoistre_fw-fr au_fw-fr cun_fw-fr superieur_fw-fr que_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr bien_fw-fr que_fw-fr c_o '_o estoit_fw-fr ancienne_fw-fr praetension_n des_fw-fr anglois_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'escosse_n est_fw-fr vassal_n de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr couronne_fw-fr 8._o not_o only_o have_v foreign_a prince_n general_a council_n and_o the_o lawyer_n and_o historian_n of_o other_o nation_n declare_v scotland_n to_o be_v a_o free_a kingdom_n but_o even_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v acknowledge_v this_o freedom_n and_o independency_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o these_o instance_n 1._o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n of_o england_n have_v treat_v with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o scotland_n whereas_o no_o superior_a can_v treat_v with_o his_o own_o vassal_n as_o a_o foreigner_n nor_o can_v a_o vassal_n send_v ambassador_n to_o his_o superior_a for_o a_o ambassador_n must_v be_v
have_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o subject_n communicate_v to_o they_o without_o be_v vassal_n or_o subject_n and_o thus_o the_o pelopidae_n be_v naturalize_v persian_n by_o artaxerxes_n king_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o allow_v to_o enjoy_v all_o their_o privilege_n in_o remuneration_n of_o the_o great_a service_n do_v by_o they_o to_o the_o persian_n as_o plutarch_n observe_v in_o the_o life_n of_o pelopidas_n and_o thus_o the_o athenian_n communicate_v their_o privilege_n to_o the_o rhodian_n and_o the_o latin_n to_o the_o roman_n as_o livius_n observe_v lib._n 25._o and_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o the_o like_a be_v do_v by_o the_o english_a to_o we_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o st._n edward_n which_o be_v yet_o extant_a in_o a_o book_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d publish_v by_o william_n lambert_n anno_fw-la 1568._o and_o ratify_v by_o the_o conqueror_n among_o the_o good_a law_n of_o that_o prince_n as_o hollenshed_n observe_v among_o other_o who_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v of_o the_o same_o nation_n with_o the_o english_a we_o find_v the_o scot_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n for_o which_o two_o reason_n be_v give_v in_o it_o quia_fw-la omnés_fw-fr ferme_fw-fr scoti_n proceres_fw-la ex_fw-la anglis_fw-la conjuges_fw-la coeperunt_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la rursus_fw-la ex_fw-la scotis_n &_o sic_fw-la sacti_fw-la sunt_fw-la duo_fw-la in_o carne_fw-la una_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v because_o most_o of_o all_o the_o scotish_n nobility_n do_v take_v wife_n of_o english_a extraction_n and_o the_o english_a of_o scotish_n the_o second_o reason_n add_v in_o that_o statute_n be_v quia_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o in_fw-la unum_fw-la contra_fw-la danos_n &_o norwegos_n atrocissime_fw-la pugnaverunt_fw-la and_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o such_o as_o understand_v history_n that_o until_o these_o late_a and_o unhappy_a war_n occasion_v by_o the_o shire_n of_o northumberland_n westmorland_z and_o cumberland_n the_o scot_n assist_v the_o english_a in_o all_o their_o war_n especial_o as_o that_o statute_n say_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n by_o who_o they_o be_v call_v by_o those_o invader_n to_o share_v in_o the_o victory_n but_o they_o refuse_v the_o offer_n and_o fight_v near_o two_o hundred_o year_n against_o these_o usurper_n in_o which_o war_n they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v lose_v two_o king_n with_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n all_o which_o the_o scot_n may_v have_v preven_v by_o suffer_v the_o dane_n to_o pass_v peaceable_o to_o england_n through_o their_o territory_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o the_o history_n of_o both_o nation_n that_o the_o dane_n be_v never_o expulse_v from_o england_n till_o they_o be_v first_o beat_v in_o scotland_n till_o at_o last_o they_o be_v force_v to_o swear_v that_o they_o shall_v never_o return_v into_o this_o isle_n and_o in_o return_n of_o which_o assistance_n we_o get_v from_o england_n this_o privilege_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o lewis_n the_o xii_o communicate_v to_o we_o a_o general_a naturalisation_n in_o france_n with_o all_o the_o privilege_n competent_a to_o the_o native_n of_o that_o kingdom_n when_o we_o be_v force_v to_o associate_v with_o it_o to_o secure_v ourselves_o against_o the_o invasion_n of_o our_o old_a friend_n chap._n iu._n the_o debate_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o pole_n sweden_n denmark_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o prince_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n pretend_v to_o precedency_n from_o the_o other_o two_o and_o nolden_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o nobility_n chap._n 9_o num_fw-la 107._o leaf_n the_o precedency_n betwixt_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n to_o be_v dubious_a and_o though_o some_o prefer_v the_o dane_n as_o a_o member_n of_o the_o empire_n graft_v therein_o in_o anno_fw-la 1542._o yet_o other_o think_v he_o upon_o that_o account_n the_o less_o preferable_a because_o he_o be_v thereby_o in_o a_o manner_n no_o free_a and_o sovereign_a prince_n peter_z king_n of_o denmark_n have_v real_o become_v vassal_n to_o fredericus_fw-la 1._o emperor_n otto_n fris._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 21._o but_o pontanus_n relate_v that_o the_o emperor_n do_v upon_o this_o account_n give_v he_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o thereby_o prefer_v he_o to_o sweden_n i_o find_v also_o in_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n that_o ravallus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o vpsale_n do_v claim_v precedency_n to_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n from_o all_o the_o christian_a prince_n he_o be_v the_o true_a successor_n of_o the_o gothish_a king_n who_o exact_v tribute_n even_o from_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n both_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n claim_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o king_n of_o pole_n as_o a_o elective_a and_o limit_a monarch_n and_o in_o the_o ceremonial_a of_o rome_n pole_n be_v place_v after_o the_o other_o two_o and_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o sigismond_n king_n of_o swed_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o pole_n he_o do_v in_o all_o his_o paper_n prefer_v always_o the_o title_n of_o sweden_n to_o that_o of_o pole_n the_o king_n of_o pole_n have_v debate_v for_o precedency_n with_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1557._o but_o at_o rome_n pope_n julius_n the_o second_o prefer_v portugal_n and_o yet_o the_o debate_n be_v renew_v under_o charles_n the_o five_o in_o who_o reign_n both_o their_o ambassador_n meet_v in_o his_o court_n at_o church_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o portugal_n have_v possess_v the_o first_o place_n the_o other_o make_v a_o sign_n as_o if_o he_o will_v have_v speak_v in_o private_a with_o he_o at_o which_o the_o portugal_n rise_v whereupon_o the_o polonian_a run_v in_o to_o his_o seat_n hottoman_n de_fw-fr legat._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 21._o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n contest_v for_o precedency_n with_o the_o king_n of_o pole_n but_o in_o the_o interview_n betwixt_o maximilian_n the_o emperor_n sigismond_n king_n of_o pole_n vladislaus_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o lodowick_n king_n of_o bohemia_n in_o anno_fw-la 1515._o the_o king_n of_o pole_n be_v prefer_v to_o walk_v on_o the_o emperor_n right_a hand_n but_o this_o controversy_n be_v renew_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n they_o as_o all_o other_o king_n be_v ordain_v to_o take_v place_n not_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n but_o according_a to_o the_o date_n of_o the_o production_n of_o their_o commission_n in_o the_o council_n the_o king_n of_o hungary_n argue_v for_o the_o precedency_n from_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n because_o among_o the_o emperor_n title_n hungary_n be_v set_v down_o before_o bohemia_n but_o bohemia_n oppon_n the_o golden-bull_n of_o charles_n the_o four_o emperor_n wherein_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o in_o all_o act_n which_o concern_v the_o empire_n bohemia_n shall_v proceed_v all_o other_o king_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n ought_v to_o precede_v in_o all_o thing_n not_o relate_v to_o the_o empire_n but_o that_o bohemia_n be_v to_o precede_v in_o all_o that_o relate_v thereto_o there_o be_v other_o sovereign_n who_o be_v not_o crowned-head_n such_o as_o savoy_n mantua_n florence_n ferara_n parma_n venice_n who_o debate_v also_o their_o respective_a precedency_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n be_v by_o pius_n the_o five_o declare_v to_o be_v the_o first_o prince_n of_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o chapel_n of_o france_n venice_n etc._n etc._n get_v the_o first_o sâ—â—l_n and_o as_o king_n of_o cyprus_n pretend_v to_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o crowned-head_n but_o it_o may_v be_v admire_v why_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n take_v the_o title_n of_o royal_a highness_n for_o if_o he_o be_v king_n of_o cyprus_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o majesty_n and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o king_n royal_a highness_n be_v not_o due_a to_o he_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n do_v contend_v with_o he_o though_o his_o competition_n be_v not_o sustain_v vid._n crus_n pag._n 511._o and_o though_o the_o title_n of_o eminency_n be_v bestow_v upon_o the_o duchess_n of_o mantua_n by_o ferdinand_n the_o second_o yet_o that_o be_v a_o compliment_n bestow_v by_o the_o emperor_n rather_o with_o respect_n to_o her_o sex_n and_o her_o relation_n to_o the_o imperial_a family_n then_o to_o the_o true_a dignity_n due_a to_o she_o as_o duchess_n of_o mantua_n vid._n limneum_fw-la jur._n pub_fw-la lib._n 5._o cap._n 14._o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n be_v still_o prefer_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o ferara_n by_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o port._n lib._n 4._o resp._n juris_n 167._o confess_v that_o florence_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v first_o by_o the_o emperor_n by_o rome_n and_o by_o france_n but_o yet_o paul_n the_o three_o consider_v that_o the_o duchy_n of_o florence_n be_v only_o erect_v in_o anno_fw-la 1531._o whereas_o the_o family_n of_o est_fw-la be_v raise_v to_o be_v duke_n by_o paul_n the_o three_o 1452._o and_o be_v declare_v duke_n of_o ferara_n by_o the_o emperor_n 1454._o do_v therefore_o prefer_v ferara_n to_o florence_n chap._n
the_o first_o two_o race_n because_o according_a to_o the_o old_a german_a custom_n the_o few_o and_o honour_n be_v divide_v equal_o among_o the_o son_n as_o now_o all_o the_o son_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v duke_n there_o etc._n etc._n but_o thereafter_o all_o the_o other_o child_n except_o the_o elder_a get_v only_a place_n and_o precedency_n according_a to_o their_o office_n or_o dignity_n until_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n succeed_v as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o a_o remote_a degree_n after_o which_o the_o french_a thought_n fit_a to_o give_v precedency_n to_o those_o who_o may_v one_o day_n be_v their_o king_n and_o so_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n get_v precedency_n from_o all_o subject_n with_o we_o the_o king_n child_n uncle_n and_o nephew_n only_o have_v precedency_n from_o all_o subject_n and_o in_o scotland_n no_o remote_a degree_n precede_v as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o the_o family_n of_o hamiltoun_n kinghorne_n fintrie_a and_o other_o be_v descend_v from_o our_o king_n by_o lawful_a marriage_n but_o have_v no_o precedency_n upon_o that_o account_n the_o first_o place_n next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v due_a to_o the_o prince_n of_o scotland_n among_o we_o who_o be_v likewise_o duke_n of_o rothesay_n as_o the_o second_o son_n be_v earl_n of_o ross_n that_o be_v a_o appanage_n inseparable_a from_o he_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o at_o present_a his_o royal_a highness_n be_v with_o we_o duke_n of_o albany_n as_o he_o be_v duke_n of_o york_n in_o england_n it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o king_n son_n uncle_n nephew_n etc._n etc._n have_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o king_n officer_n in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o their_o office_n as_o at_o coronation_n ride_v of_o parliament_n in_o which_o it_o be_v the_o constable_n privilege_n to_o ride_v upon_o the_o king_n right_a hand_n and_o the_o marishal_n on_o his_o left_a in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o parliament_n house_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o difficulty_n be_v because_o these_o be_v act_n which_o follow_v the_o office_n and_o not_o blood_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v post_v where_o they_o may_v be_v most_o serviceable_a i_o find_v likewise_o that_o this_o have_v be_v debate_v in_o france_n whereupon_o in_o anno_fw-la 1576._o henry_n the_o three_o emit_v a_o ordinance_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o with_o we_o his_o royal_a highness_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n at_o his_o majesty_n coronation_n precede_v all_o the_o officer_n among_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o last_o descend_v from_o the_o royal_a family_n have_v still_o precedency_n according_o but_o though_o this_o hold_n in_o the_o branch_n yet_o the_o elder_a of_o the_o same_o branch_n will_v precede_v all_o of_o that_o branch_n and_o thus_o the_o prince_n palatine_n grandchild_n will_v succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n before_o prince_n rupert_n his_o brother_n though_o prince_n rupert_n be_v several_a degree_n near_o i_o find_v that_o of_o old_a all_o churchman_n be_v rank_v together_o and_o be_v first_o rank_v before_o all_o laic_n and_o thus_o the_o parliament_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o first_o be_v habito_fw-la solemni_fw-la tractatu_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la and_o even_o before_o the_o king_n son_n brother_n or_o nephew_n thus_o king_n robert_n the_o first_o grant_v a_o charter_n to_o the_o abbacy_n of_o aberbrothick_n confirm_v a_o ratification_n make_v to_o they_o be_v lundie_n wherein_o the_o witness_n be_v reverendis_fw-la waltero_fw-la &_o gilberto_n episcopis_fw-la etc._n etc._n davide_n deuce_n de_fw-fr rothesay_n comite_fw-la de_fw-fr carrick_n carissimo_fw-la nostro_fw-la filio_fw-la primigenito_o roberto_n deuce_n de_fw-fr albania_n comite_fw-la fyffe_n &_o fratre_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o even_o the_o abbot_n and_o prior_n be_v rank_v before_o they_o and_o when_o any_o of_o they_o be_v officer_n of_o state_n they_o be_v name_v according_a to_o their_o ecclesiastic_a preferment_n thus_o jacobo_fw-la sancti_fw-la andreae_n episcopo_fw-la galvino_n archiepiscopo_fw-la glasevensi_fw-la cancellario_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o in_o the_o session_n when_o it_o consist_v of_o half_a churchman_n half_a laic_n the_o churchman_n sit_v on_o the_o chancellor_n right_a hand_n and_o vote_v first_o but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v from_o these_o instance_n that_o therefore_o of_o old_a any_o churchman_n do_v take_v place_n from_o the_o king_n son_n no_o more_o than_o that_o a_o bishop_n take_v then_o place_n of_o a_o earl_n because_o he_o be_v name_v before_o they_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n be_v by_o a_o special_a letter_n in_o anno_fw-la 1626._o and_o renew_v in_o january_n 1664._o declare_v to_o have_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o chancellor_n and_o all_o his_o majesty_n subject_n in_o time_n of_o popery_n he_o be_v legatus_fw-la natus_fw-la and_o both_o then_o and_o now_o he_o be_v totius_fw-la scotiae_fw-la primus_fw-la but_o though_o by_o this_o letter_n he_o be_v ordain_v to_o take_v the_o place_n of_o all_o subject_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o give_v he_o place_n from_o the_o king_n son_n uncle_n and_o nephew_n though_o they_o be_v likewise_o subject_n since_o the_o word_n subject_n must_v be_v here_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n by_o which_o these_o near_a relation_n of_o prince_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o other_o subject_n the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n be_v either_o declare_v such_o by_o feudal_n erection_n their_o land_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o king_n in_o a_o duchy_n earldom_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v of_o itself_o make_v he_o a_o duke_n or_o earl_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o land_n be_v so_o erect_v or_o else_o they_o get_v patent_n of_o honour_n declare_v they_o duke_n earl_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o be_v a_o much_o late_a way_n none_o be_v nobilitated_a by_o patent_n among_o we_o before_o king_n james_n the_o first_o the_o three_o way_n of_o nobilitate_v with_o we_o be_v by_o creation_n and_o solemn_a investiture_n the_o whole_a form_n whereof_o will_v in_o all_o its_o ceremony_n be_v best_a know_v by_o the_o follow_a narration_n the_o form_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o hamilton_n and_o marquis_n of_o huntly_n tuesday_n the_o 17_o of_o april_n 1599_o in_o his_o majesty_n great_a chamber_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o holy-rood-house_n where_o the_o like_a ceremony_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v be_v rich_o hang_v with_o tapestry_n five_o stage_n or_o degree_n of_o timber_n be_v erect_v one_o for_o his_o majesty_n on_o the_o westside_n whereon_o his_o majesty_n chair_n of_o state_n be_v set_v under_o the_o pale_a of_o honour_n one_o for_o the_o duke_n one_o for_o the_o earl_n one_o for_o the_o lord_n and_o one_o for_o the_o knight_n there_o be_v also_o before_o the_o throne_n a_o table_n cover_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n whereon_o be_v lay_v the_o sword_n sceptre_n and_o crown_n the_o nobleman_n attend_v the_o ceremony_n in_o their_o respective_a seat_n in_o their_o robe_n and_o his_o majesty_n in_o his_o rob-royal_a be_v place_v in_o his_o chair_n the_o queen_n sit_v by_o the_o lion_n king_n of_o arm_n and_o master_n of_o ceremony_n with_o the_o herald_n and_o pursivant_n in_o their_o coat_n and_o trumpet_n sound_v bring_v in_o before_o his_o majesty_n these_o two_o nobleman_n viz._n the_o earl_n of_o arran_n and_o huntly_n the_o first_o convey_v be_v the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n and_o earl_n of_o mar_n the_o second_o be_v the_o chancellor_n and_o earl_n of_o caithnes_n thereafter_o the_o lion_n ask_v his_o majesty_n if_o his_o majesty_n will_v be_v please_v to_o promote_v these_o nobleman_n to_o further_a honour_n his_o majesty_n answer_v yes_o then_o the_o lion_n master_n of_o ceremony_n with_o herald_n pursivant_n and_o trumpet_n convey_v they_o into_o the_o green_a council-chamber_n where_o they_o be_v devest_v of_o their_o comital_a robe_n and_o vest_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o marquis_n and_o so_o be_v again_o convey_v to_o his_o majesty_n presence_n thus_o the_o ordinary_a macer_n that_o attend_v the_o chancellor_n and_o session_n make_v place_n master_n of_o ceremony_n trumpet_n sound_v with_o the_o nobleman_n colour_n at_o their_o trumpet_n pursivant_n in_o their_o coat_n herald_n in_o their_o coat_n four_o gentleman_n for_o each_o of_o the_o person_n to_o be_v create_v bear_v their_o honour_n viz._n for_o my_o lord_n arran_n robert_n hamilton_n of_o goslington_n the_o penon_n alexander_n hamilton_n of_o fenton_n the_o banner_n claud_n hamilton_n of_o shawfield_n the_o marquis_n crown_n john_n campbel_n of_o ardkinlas_n the_o patent_n for_o my_o lord_n huntly_n john_n ogilvy_n of_o the_o craig_n the_o penon_n john_n crichton_n of_o frendraught_n the_o banner_n mark_v ker_n of_o ormistoun_n the_o crown_n alexander_n gordon_n of_o strathdon_n the_o patent_n lion_n king_n of_o arms._n the_o two_o earl_n convey_v be_v the_o forename_a nobleman_n
two_o be_v advance_v to_o be_v earl_n he_o who_o patent_n be_v first_o past_o the_o king_n hand_n will_v have_v the_o precedency_n though_o the_o other_o serve_v in_o the_o first_o parliament_n or_o be_v present_a there_o a_o day_n before_o the_o other_o or_o have_v his_o patent_n first_o registrat_n for_o it_o be_v the_o king_n and_o not_o his_o clerk_n that_o make_v noble_a but_o yet_o this_o be_v debate_v by_o la_fw-fr rocque_n cap._n 66._o lawyer_n likewise_o observe_v that_o the_o former_a rule_n prefer_v he_o who_o have_v first_o serve_v to_o he_o who_o be_v first_o provide_v or_o invest_v hold_v good_a though_o he_o who_o be_v first_o provide_v or_o invest_v be_v not_o in_o mora_fw-la and_o do_v not_o delay_v to_o take_v possession_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o some_o extrinsic_a impediment_n such_o as_o sickness_n and_o this_o they_o say_v be_v decide_v the_o 27_o of_o april_n 1594._o in_o rota_n romana_fw-la and_o this_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n by_o gonzales_n ad_fw-la regulam_fw-la 8._o cancel_v and_o this_o they_o prove_v by_o the_o analogy_n of_o other_o feudal_n right_n which_o be_v to_o be_v complete_v by_o possession_n the_o law_n consider_v not_o whether_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v have_v possess_v be_v hinder_v from_o attain_v to_o possession_n but_o who_o first_o attain_v to_o possession_n question_v xxiii_o whether_o do_v the_o dignity_n of_o he_o who_o bestow_v the_o honour_n regulate_v the_o precedency_n that_o be_v bestow_v among_o equal_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o do_v all_o other_o thing_n be_v equal_a and_o thus_o those_o who_o have_v the_o same_o dignity_n from_o a_o king_n as_o for_o instance_n those_o who_o be_v make_v knight_n by_o a_o king_n be_v prefer_v to_o those_o who_o be_v make_v knight_n by_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o among_o commonwealth_n those_o who_o be_v make_v noble_a by_o the_o great_a commonwealth_n be_v prefer_v to_o those_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n make_v noble_a by_o a_o lesser_a commonwealth_n gloss._n ad_fw-la l._n 2._o de_fw-fr alb._n scribend_n menoch_n consil._n 126._o lauderus_fw-la de_fw-la dignitat_fw-la conclus_fw-la 32._o and_o this_o hold_v so_o far_o that_o the_o young_a knight_n admit_v by_o the_o one_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o elder_a admit_v by_o the_o other_o but_o knight_n admit_v by_o a_o commissioner_n be_v not_o upon_o this_o account_n to_o be_v postpone_v to_o those_o make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o since_o they_o be_v in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n admit_v by_o the_o same_o dignity_n &_o qui_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la se._n it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o the_o french_a king_n prefer_v the_o duke_n make_v by_o the_o emperor_n not_o only_o to_o the_o duke_n make_v by_o himself_o but_o even_o to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o foreign_a king_n though_o i_o think_v this_o be_v allow_v only_o to_o these_o duke_n who_o be_v sovereign_a prince_n by_o this_o rule_n likewise_o it_o be_v that_o the_o clerk_n of_o a_o superior_a court_n be_v prefer_v to_o these_o of_o a_o inferior_a since_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o a_o high_a jurisdiction_n question_v xxiv_o whether_o can_v a_o prince_n nobilitat_fw-la any_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o another_o prince_n it_o have_v be_v argue_v that_o he_o can_v because_o he_o can_v bestow_v honour_n but_o where_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o he_o be_v not_o a_o prince_n at_o least_o have_v no_o power_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o another_o prince_n which_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v found_v on_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr off._n praefect_n vrb._n and_o therefore_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n have_v design_v at_o lion_n in_o france_n to_o create_v the_o earl_n of_o savoy_n duke_n of_o savoy_n he_o be_v resist_v by_o the_o governor_n of_o lion_n till_o the_o french_a king_n shall_v be_v advertise_v and_o charles_n the_o five_o have_v whilst_o he_o be_v emperor_n create_v some_o lord_n and_o knight_n in_o france_n though_o at_o the_o desire_n of_o francis_n the_o first_o the_o french_a king_n their_o creation_n be_v thereafter_o controvert_v by_o their_o peer_n it_o be_v find_v illegal_a but_o yet_o i_o incline_v rather_o to_o noldus_n opinion_n de_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la c._n 2._o who_o think_v that_o a_o prince_n may_v exercise_v any_o voluntar_n jurisdiction_n without_o his_o own_o dominion_n especial_o in_o relation_n to_o his_o own_o subject_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la pro_fw-la consul_n bartol_n in_o l._n 1._o col._n 9_o la_fw-fr rocque_n triact_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr noblesse_n c._n 76._o and_o if_o they_o shall_v attempt_v against_o his_o life_n they_o will_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n though_o the_o attempt_n be_v make_v in_o a_o foreign_a nation_n lawyer_n likewise_o have_v allow_v to_o prince_n all_o manner_n of_o jurisdiction_n even_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o much_o admire_v how_o these_o honour_n that_o be_v bestow_v by_o charles_n the_o five_o can_v have_v be_v thereafter_o controvert_v if_o the_o person_n to_o be_v dignify_v be_v the_o emperor_n own_o subject_n but_o i_o believe_v they_o be_v not_o question_v xxv_o whether_o when_o the_o precedent_n of_o any_o court_n or_o incorporation_n be_v absent_a may_v the_o elder_a member_n convocat_n the_o incorporation_n and_o who_o ought_v to_o perceâ—d_v in_o that_o case_n to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o question_n it_o be_v answer_v by_o some_o lawyer_n that_o the_o precedent_n be_v absent_a the_o elder_a member_n in_o dignity_n may_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n call_v the_o meeting_n convocare_fw-la collegium_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v hostiensis_n panorm_a bald._n ad_fw-la cap._n 1._o de_fw-fr maior_n &_o obed_n but_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o major_a part_n have_v only_o right_a to_o conveen_v the_o rest_n in_o that_o case_n innocent_a ad_fw-la cap._n 2._o de_fw-la operi_fw-la nov_fw-mi nunc_fw-la but_o a_o three_o sect_n of_o lawyer_n do_v for_o agree_v the_o former_a opinion_n assert_v that_o in_o ecclesiastic_a meeting_n the_o elder_a may_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n call_v the_o rest_n but_o not_o so_o in_o laic_a meeting_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o distinction_n seem_v to_o be_v because_o churchman_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v more_o obedience_n to_o their_o senior_n and_o there_o be_v less_o fear_n of_o design_n among_o they_o both_o because_o they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v more_o disintere_v and_o because_o in_o their_o meeting_n their_o posterity_n be_v not_o to_o gain_v but_o without_o any_o distinction_n i_o shall_v think_v that_o the_o elder_a may_v always_o convocat_n for_o there_o may_v be_v hazard_n in_o delay_n if_o the_o great_a part_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o question_n still_o recurr_n who_o shall_v call_v the_o great_a part_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v great_a hazard_n in_o call_v for_o the_o only_a hazard_n be_v the_o pack_v of_o a_o quorum_fw-la and_o this_o may_v be_v prevent_v by_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o those_o who_o meet_v to_o advertise_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o second_o question_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v much_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o custom_n and_o our_o court_n in_o scotland_n suffer_v not_o the_o elder_a to_o precede_v but_o choose_v always_o one_o to_o precede_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o constant_a precedent_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o reasonable_a because_o every_o member_n of_o a_o court_n be_v not_o ordinary_o fit_a to_o be_v a_o precedent_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o lawyer_n who_o distinguish_v betwixt_o such_o court_n to_o who_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n have_v choose_v no_o constant_a precedent_n and_o in_o these_o they_o say_v the_o elder_a can_v precede_v though_o they_o say_v he_o ought_v to_o precede_v in_o these_o court_n where_o the_o king_n have_v choose_v a_o precedent_n for_o as_o in_o these_o the_o member_n can_v choose_v a_o constant_a precedent_n so_o neither_o can_v they_o choose_v a_o vicepresident_n since_o surrogatum_fw-la subit_fw-la naturam_fw-la surrogati_fw-la whereas_o the_o elder_a be_v a_o precedent_n by_o the_o magistrate_n tacit_n election_n since_o he_o have_v that_o seniority_n from_o the_o king_n or_o supreme_a magistrate_n which_o do_v prefer_v he_o to_o be_v precedent_n and_o we_o see_v that_o among_o soldier_n the_o elder_a officer_n always_o command_v when_o the_o superior_a officer_n be_v absent_a question_n xxvi_o whether_o may_v a_o peer_n be_v degrade_v because_o he_o have_v not_o a_o estate_n sufficient_a to_o entertain_v a_o person_n of_o his_o quality_n and_o by_o who_o may_v he_o be_v degrade_v it_o will_v seem_v that_o a_o peer_n can_v be_v degrade_v though_o he_o have_v not_o a_o suitable_a estate_n because_o the_o king_n may_v nobilitate_fw-la a_o person_n that_o want_v a_o estate_n and_o nobility_n be_v a_o right_n derive_v from_o
1654._o except_v only_o the_o ambassador_n of_o austria_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o foreign_a king_n be_v still_o allow_v to_o take_v place_n from_o all_o the_o elector_n except_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n in_o all_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o ambassador_n of_o commonwealth_n have_v claim_v the_o same_o precedency_n the_o emperor_n leopold_n have_v decern_v against_o they_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o elector_n crus_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 4._o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o elector_n precede_v all_o the_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o archduke_n of_o austria_n have_v the_o first_o seat_n next_o to_o the_o elector_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o precedency_n of_o churchman_n i_o need_v not_o debate_v the_o difference_n that_o have_v fall_v in_o among_o the_o patriarch_n of_o rome_n constantinople_n antioch_n alexandria_n and_o jerusalem_n those_o of_o rome_n and_o constantinople_n have_v claim_v precedency_n because_o their_o see_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o grecian_a empire_n those_o of_o jerusalem_n claim_v preference_n because_o the_o chief_a priesthood_n be_v once_o settle_v there_o those_o of_o antioch_n claim_v precedency_n because_o antioch_n be_v the_o first_o seat_n of_o christianity_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o 11._o chapter_n of_o the_o act_n and_o those_o of_o alexandria_n pretend_v that_o they_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o roman_a patriarch_n at_o least_o because_o alexandria_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o east_n before_o the_o build_n of_o constantinople_n and_o the_o church_n thereof_o be_v by_o euseb._n lib._n 11._o say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vide_fw-la salmas_n de_fw-fr primate_n pap_n cap._n 12._o thus_o far_o do_v precedency_n invade_v even_o religion_n and_o raise_v emulation_n among_o those_o who_o pretend_v to_o be_v the_o great_a pattern_n of_o humility_n the_o roman_a patriarch_n be_v by_o phocas_n the_o emperor_n raise_v above_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o year_n 606._o since_o which_o time_n they_o have_v raise_v themselves_o by_o several_a degree_n to_o the_o papacy_n though_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o even_o before_o that_o time_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v the_o first_o seat_n in_o all_o council_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o justinian_o novella_n 131._o cap._n 2._o and_o in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a adrian_n bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o power_n of_o precede_v do_v still_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n as_o have_v be_v full_o clear_v by_o crusius_n and_o other_o and_o though_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o constantine_n the_o great_a do_v from_o christian_a humility_n prefer_v the_o successor_n of_o st._n peter_n as_o vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ_n to_o himself_o and_o that_o in_o the_o canon_n law_n cap._n constantinus_n 14._o dist._n 96._o the_o emperor_n constantin_n be_v bring_v in_o acknowledge_v himself_o to_o have_v lead_v the_o pope_n bridle_n and_o in_o the_o famous_a ceremonial_a of_o rome_n fol._n 21._o the_o emperor_n be_v allow_v no_o high_a place_n than_o the_o pope_n footstool_n yet_o frederick_n the_o 1._o emperor_n do_v contentious_o debate_v this_o precedency_n with_o adrian_n the_o four_o since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v be_v various_o acquiesce_v in_o by_o pope_n and_o emperor_n and_o though_o the_o legate_n be_v representative_n of_o the_o pope_n yet_o thuan_n tell_v we_o lib._n 98._o that_o the_o learned_a brissonius_n precedent_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o pope_n legate_n to_o precede_v he_o and_o at_o the_o coronation_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o the_o pop_z legate_n be_v deny_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o elector_n the_o cardinal_n have_v debate_v for_o precedency_n with_o the_o patriarch_n though_o by_o the_o novella_n 132._o c._n 2._o justinian_n place_n patriarch_n next_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o panormit_fw-la in_o cap._n antiqua_fw-la x_o the_o privileg_n &_o excess_n praelat_fw-la prefer_v the_o patriarch_n to_o the_o cardinal_n and_o now_o by_o the_o concession_n of_o sextus_n quintus_n that_o pope_n have_v raise_v the_o cardinal_n to_o a_o equal_a degree_n with_o king_n and_o if_o king_n be_v present_a at_o table_n or_o other_o solemnity_n with_o cardinal_n if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o king_n he_o be_v to_o sit_v after_o the_o first_o cardinal_n bishop_n and_o if_o there_o be_v more_o king_n they_o sit_v mixt_o with_o the_o cardinal_n first_o a_o cardinal_n and_o then_o a_o king_n but_o though_o this_o hold_v among_o popish_a prince_n yet_o the_o author_n of_o les_fw-fr memoirs_fw-fr des_fw-fr ambassadeurs_fw-fr do_v observe_v that_o leicester_n grotius_n and_o the_o other_o ambassador_n of_o protestant_a prince_n never_o yield_v precedency_n to_o cardinal_n till_o lockhart_n ambassador_n for_o cromwell_n yield_v it_o to_o cardinal_n mazarine_n where_o he_o likewise_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o prince_n of_o condie_n yield_v the_o precedency_n to_o cardinal_n rechlieu_n yet_o the_o count_n of_o soisson_n refuse_v it_o the_o bishop_n of_o scotland_n precede_v in_o this_o manner_n archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n archbishop_n of_o glasgow_n bishop_n of_o edinburgh_n bishop_n of_o galloway_n bishop_n of_o dunkel_n bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n bishop_n of_o murray_n bishop_n of_o rosse_n bishop_n of_o brechin_n bishop_n of_o dumblane_n bishop_n of_o caithness_z bishop_n of_o the_o isle_n bishop_n of_o argyl_n bishop_n of_o orknay_n i_o find_v by_o letter_n in_o anno_fw-la 1625._o that_o before_o king_n james_n go_v into_o england_n the_o marquess_n of_o scotland_n do_v take_v place_n from_o the_o archbishop_n but_o now_o the_o archbishop_n take_v place_n from_o all_o duke_n and_o marquess_n in_o imitation_n of_o england_n and_o by_o a_o letter_n in_o anno_fw-la 1626._o renew_v in_o anno_fw-la 1664._o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n be_v to_o take_v place_n from_o all_o subject_n which_o be_v to_o be_v limit_v as_o not_o to_o exclude_v the_o king_n child_n and_o brother_n as_o i_o conceive_v and_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n ce_v to_o the_o chancellor_n since_o the_o letter_n the_o bishop_n of_o england_n preceed_n thus_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n archbishop_n of_o york_n bishop_n of_o london_n bishop_n of_o durham_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n bishop_n of_o ely_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_z bishop_n of_o peterborough_n bishop_n of_o carlisle_n bishop_n of_o worcester_z bishop_n of_o rochester_n bishop_n of_o landaff_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n bishop_n of_o exeter_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n bishop_n of_o oxford_z bishop_n of_o lichfield_n and_o coventrie_n bishop_n of_o bristol_n bishop_n of_o gloucester_n bishop_n of_o chester_n bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o wells_n chap._n viii_o general_a observation_n concern_v the_o precedency_n of_o subject_n nobility_n be_v divide_v with_o we_o as_o in_o england_n in_o nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a nobility_n under_o the_o great_a be_v comprehend_v all_o such_o as_o be_v lord_n of_o parliament_n under_o the_o lesser_a be_v comprehend_v knight_n and_o gentleman_n and_o though_o all_o these_o be_v not_o peer_n of_o parliament_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o peer_n to_o one_o another_o and_o thus_o a_o gentleman_n may_v be_v offer_v to_o a_o duke_n daughter_n who_o ward_n and_o marriage_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n as_o have_v be_v often_o decide_v nor_o can_v that_o match_n be_v refuse_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o inequality_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o though_o nobleman_n must_v be_v judge_v by_o their_o peer_n yet_o land_a gentleman_n may_v pass_v upon_o their_o assize_n and_o a_o nobleman_n be_v oblige_v to_o accept_v of_o a_o challenge_n from_o a_o gentleman_n as_o his_o peer_n where_o duel_n be_v lawful_a under_o the_o word_n barron_n all_o our_o nobility_n be_v comprehend_v as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o 81._o act._n parl._n 14._o ja._n 2d_o and_o the_o inscription_n of_o the_o first_o parliament_n of_o k._n ja._n 5_o where_o the_o parliament_n be_v say_v to_o be_v hold_v per_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la tutorem_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la barronibus_fw-la &_o burgorum_n commissariis_fw-la albeit_o the_o parliament_n of_o rob._n 1._o be_v cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la barronibus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v other_o magnates_fw-la infra_fw-la barrone_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n marquess_n etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v rank_v inter_fw-la nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la since_o they_o sit_v not_o in_o parliament_n or_o inter_fw-la nobiles_fw-la minores_fw-la since_o they_o be_v design_v lord_n and_o take_v place_n from_o many_o of_o the_o nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la the_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v all_o king_n and_o sovereign_n in_o
the_o nature_n of_o those_o certification_n they_o ought_v to_o take_v place_n every_o where_o except_o where_o express_a law_n or_o decision_n have_v restrict_v they_o and_o therefore_o since_o there_o be_v no_o law_n nor_o decision_n declare_v that_o certificationss_n shall_v not_o be_v grant_v against_o paten_n or_o infeftment_n which_o transmit_v honour_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v grant_v against_o these_o aswell_o as_o against_o other_o right_n nor_o be_v it_o crave_v that_o these_o certification_n shall_v run_v against_o honour_n transmit_v via_fw-la facti_fw-la such_o as_o robe_n and_o belt_a and_o though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v not_o design_v by_o his_o infeftment_n the_o first_o earl_n yet_o that_o can_v hinder_v he_o from_o remove_v by_o this_o certification_n all_o write_v or_o evident_n which_o may_v hinder_v he_o to_o be_v the_o first_o upon_o which_o debate_n the_o lord_n refuse_v to_o grant_v certification_n against_o such_o patent_n or_o infeftment_n course_n take_v by_o prince_n and_o judge_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o shun_v the_o decyde_n of_o contraversy_n concern_v precedency_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o all_o the_o competitor_n first_o they_o ordain_v the_o competitor_n to_o precede_v one_o another_o by_o turn_n and_o alternative_o and_o thus_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o four_o do_v in_o anno_fw-la 1328._o decide_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n palatine_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o so_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n decide_v in_o anno_fw-la 1616_o but_o lest_o the_o first_o turn_n shall_v give_v the_o precedency_n that_o use_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o lot_n and_o i_o find_v this_o alternation_n very_o old_a for_o the_o theban_n do_v so_o decide_v betwixt_o the_o brother-king_n etheocles_n and_o polinix_n and_o plutarch_n observe_v the_o same_o betwixt_o thyestes_n and_o attreus_n second_o they_o use_v to_o assign_v one_o of_o the_o competitor_n a_o place_n out_o of_o all_o rank_n as_o be_v do_v to_o the_o spanish_a ambassador_n in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o be_v frequent_o do_v in_o our_o parliament_n but_o though_o this_o preserve_v the_o right_a it_o insinuate_v a_o cede_a and_o therefore_o the_o just_a way_n be_v to_o place_n both_o so_o without_o the_o bench_n as_o that_o neither_o of_o their_o seat_n can_v show_v any_o preference_n as_o be_v do_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n and_o the_o cardinal_n of_o trent_n three_o they_o use_v to_o cause_v they_o enter_v by_o several_a door_n as_o be_v observe_v betwixt_o the_o queen_n of_o france_n and_o margaret_z sister_n to_o charles_n the_o five_o as_o guicciardin_n observe_v four_o they_o use_v round_a table_n or_o to_o write_v the_o name_n of_o the_o pretender_n in_o a_o circle_n a_o example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o gaius_n lib._n 1._o institut_n and_o pope_n vrbane_n have_v desire_v the_o franciscan_n to_o give_v he_o three_o of_o their_o number_n out_o of_o which_o he_o may_v choose_v one_o to_o be_v cardinal_n they_o write_v down_o their_o three_o name_n circular-way_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o name_n shall_v be_v write_v down_o exact_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o table_n or_o paper_n for_o else_o as_o crantzius_n observe_v he_o who_o name_n be_v next_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o paper_n have_v thereby_o some_o precedency_n five_o the_o elder_a of_o the_o competitor_n be_v still_o ordain_v to_o precede_v of_o which_o livius_n give_v a_o instance_n lib._n 42._o and_o king_n james_n the_o six_o decide_v so_o between_o several_a family_n in_o scotland_n and_o particular_o between_o the_o laird_n of_o blair_n and_o balthaok_n six_o sometime_o he_o who_o be_v first_o promote_v to_o a_o benefice_n or_o office_n be_v prefer_v where_o the_o difference_n be_v betwixt_o the_o office_n or_o benefice_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v decide_v betwixt_o the_o see_v of_o rheims_n and_o treves_n sevent_o sometime_o also_o the_o competitor_n be_v prefer_v according_a as_o they_o produce_v their_o commission_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n betwixt_o the_o ambassador_n of_o portugal_n and_o hungary_n and_o the_o polonian_n do_v frequent_o in_o competition_n between_o ambassador_n prefer_v he_o who_o first_o enter_v their_o territory_n bodin_n de_fw-fr repub._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 9_o eight_o sometime_o also_o the_o competitor_n be_v ordain_v to_o give_v their_o suffrage_n and_o precede_v according_a to_o the_o respect_n due_a to_o the_o nation_n and_o not_o to_o the_o person_n as_o be_v decide_v in_o the_o council_n of_o constans_n and_o basil._n nine_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o octavius_n farnesius_n prince_n of_o parma_n and_o placentia_n to_o shun_v the_o difference_n of_o precedency_n betwixt_o his_o two_o town_n of_o parma_n and_o placentia_n do_v write_v himself_o duke_n of_o p._n p._n and_o king_n james_n the_o six_o to_o shun_v any_o debate_n that_o can_v have_v be_v between_o scotland_n and_o england_n assume_v the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n ten_o some_o use_n to_o secure_v themselves_o against_o such_o contest_v by_o protestation_n which_o certain_o do_v interrupt_v prescription_n and_o preserve_v the_o protester_n right_a l._n 14._o §_o 8._o ff_n de_fw-fr relig._n but_o in_o that_o case_n the_o protestation_n must_v be_v present_o interpose_v for_o protestation_n after_o the_o deed_n controvert_v be_v end_v and_o pass_v be_v conclude_v to_o be_v of_o no_o value_n carpzol_n def_n 22._o for_o protestation_n can_v be_v draw_v back_o but_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o protestation_n be_v take_v do_v prejudge_v himself_o when_o he_o do_v not_o protest_v in_o the_o contrar_n for_o this_o seem_v to_o infer_v a_o acquiescence_n that_o the_o protestation_n be_v just_a since_o qui_fw-la tacet_fw-la consentire_fw-la videtur_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o occasion_n why_o in_o our_o judicature_n when_o one_o protest_v the_o other_o ordinary_o protest_v in_o the_o contrare_fw-la but_o yet_o it_o be_v general_o conclude_v that_o silence_n in_o that_o case_n do_v not_o prejudge_v he_o against_o who_o the_o protestation_n be_v take_v since_o he_o know_v that_o in_o law_n the_o protestation_n secure_v his_o right_n tusc._n tom_n 6._o conclus_fw-la 941._o finis_fw-la