Beaujeu â—s Regiment of Horse which were of Ranzau's Brigade From the New River drawing toward the Canal of Bergâ—en Ranzau had Order to Line the rest of the Plain with the Bodies of Horse and Foot which the Prince had left him The Places which the French possess'd and the inconvenient Situation of the Country serv'd for the rest of the Circumvallation Only upon the Downs which lye to the West the Prince plac'd Villequier with the Militia of Boulogne his own Regiment of Horse and that of Rocheguyon to the end that the Spaniards if they should pass the Câ—lme after they had drawn together at St. Omers to put in Succour into the Town between Berguen and Mardike meeting with that Obstacle might be quite out of hopes By Sea the Dutch Ships and the French Frigates blockt up the Port and thus was Dunkirk enclos'd on every side Moreover a Bridge was layd over the Canal of Furnes for the Communication of Quarters and two more over the Canals of Honscotte and Berguen for the Carriages to come over that brought Victuals from Calais to the Camp The next day the Circumvallation was begun at which the whole Army wrought The Prince undertook to cut and sink a Moat six Foot deep and twelve Foot wide from the Downs next the Sea to the Canal of Furnes and to consolidate the Work and hinder the Sand from falling into it he orderâ—d the Lines which were to be Canon Proof to be lin'd with Turf Then he mark'd out the most easie Places for the Attacks and to secure 'em with Pallilado's and Turnpikes and about 30 or 40 Paces beyond the Moat he drew out another of an â—qual bigness Now in regard the risings of the Downs were unâ—qual and for that there were some along the Lines that might annoy the Army he was constraind to possess himself of all those upper Grounds to fortifie 'em and extend his Works a great way chiefly toward Newport Road and Gassion's Quarter There was one of these Hills which being much higher then the rest commanded the Camp from the top of which the French were to be seen drawn up in order of Battel and it was dangerous to let the Enemy be Masters of it so as to plant their Cannon upon it The Prince therefore to obviate all Annoyances resolv'd to possess it and whatever pains it cost him to environ it with two Lines which should joyn to those of the Circumvallation to raise a Fort at the top of it and to plant a Battery upon it The Sea Shore still remain'd to be fortifid But by reason of the Flux and Reflux of the Sea there was no probability of working in the Sand without being able to fix it and besides the shortness of time would not permit the casting up of Mounds Nevertheless the rest of the works were insignificant if such a space of Sandy Ground should be left unguarded during low Water The Prince therefore resolv'd to plant a kind of Rail well fortifi'd with Stakes anow to put a stop to the Enemy for some time and easie to repair if the Tyde should carry any part of it away He order'd therefore Piles of Wood to be driven in by main force the better to sustain the fury of the Waves and to range 'em so close one to another that there might be no room to go between 'em yet still at such a distance as to give way to the violence of the Sea and break the strength of the Innundation Nor did he employ less Industry to defend himself from the Water which the Dunkirkers had let into the Highways from the New River to Mardike which were overflow'd in such a manner that the Wagons that came with Victuals from Calais could not pass But tho when the Prince thought of the Siege he had provided against this Inconvenience by ordering Champlastreux to cause a great quantity of Ammunition Bread to be bak'd at Berguen from whence it was brought down the Canal to the Camp and to send for all the Provision he could in Boats that crept along the Coasts from Calaiâ— Nevertheless because this way was uncertain and troublesome and for that the Army was still in fear of want â—he thought it necessary to clear the High-ways by turning away the Water And first they thought to stop the Sluces with Planks rampar'd with Earth which would be easily done and take up but little time But the Fury of the Waves which with a wonderful Rapidness drives back the stream of Rivers when the Tyde flows in having twice carry'd away all their Toyl and Labour therefore they determin'd with great pains to drive in great Piles near the Hollowness of the Sluces thorough which the Sea rowlâ—d in and to fortiâ—ie the Piles with great Stones and throw in a vast quantity of Earth till at length the Sluces were stopp'd At the same time also that he entrench'd himself against the Enemies Forces and the Obstacles of Nature the Prince with no less Prudence provided for the Necessities of the Army He sent away out of the Camp all the Baggage Horses and a thousand of those that belong'd to the Troopers which were most harass'd to recruit themselves in the Pasturages about Calais The Forage which the Barrenness of the Place the difficulty of Carriage render'd scant was very sparingly distributed taking the pains himself to go twice a day to the place where the Forrage was Landed to see it equally shar'd At the same time he commanded Roanette to fetch the Infanâ—ry that return'd from Holland and sent Ramburâ—'s Regiment to Villequier's Post the better to secure it and for that purpose the Companies of the Garrison of Lorrain and Havre and Grammonâ—'s Regiment took Furnes Road. Those of Noirmonstier and Fâ—bert stay'd at Berghen with Directions to come in their Turns and serve in the Camp by mounting the Guards of the Trenches He also orderâ—d Sicot to bring the Polonians within the Lines In the place where he encamp'd he retain'd the Battallions of Cabree and sent the Third which Priamiski commanded to reinforce Gassion's Quarter That Nation contemns danger which their Natural Fierceness is ignorant of The Nobility however are Civil and Ingenious but Haughty as are all the rest of the Northern People Now in regard the Polanders know little what belongs to Sieges the most part of their Wars being carry'd on in the Field they came into the Camp without any conveniences for the making of Hutts Nor did the Place which was Barren enough of it self afford 'em any so that they were constrain'd like Beasts to dig themselves holes in the Sand to shelter themselves from the weather During all this variety of Labour and Toyl the Prince was up and down every where leaving nothing exempted from his Care yet still appearing with that Sedateness of Mind which was easie to be discern'd in his Countenance So that the Souldiers imitating the Example of his Chearfulness and redoubling their Labour with the same Alacrity
together The place which the Duke made choice of for the field of Battel was wide enough to range his whole Army in the same order as he had contriv'd before The ground was there somewhat more raisd then in the parts adjoyning and extended it self insensibly into all the rest of the Plain There was a great Bogg upon the lefthand and the Wood not being very thick in that part was no hindrance to the Squadrons from drawing into Order Just opposite to that Eminency which the Duke possessd there was another rising Ground almost resembling it where the Spaniards planted themselves and made the same Front as the French and between the two Battels a hollowness ran along in the nature of a Valley By the situation of this place 't is easie to judge that neither of the two Parties could attack each other without ascending Nevertheless the Spaniards had this advantage that upon the declension of their rising ground and before their Left Wing there grew a Cops of Underwood which descended a good way into the Valley where it was an easie thing for them to plant Musketeers to gall the Duke as he marchd toward ' em The Two Generals labour'd with extraordinary Diligence to Marshal their Troops as they came severally up and instead of Skirmishing as is usual when Two Armies meet they spent their whole time in ordering their Men. All this while the Spanish Canon annoy'd the Frâ—nch much more then the French Canon did the Spaniards because they had a greater number more advantageously planted and better ply'd Thâ—refore still as the Duke extended the Wings of his Army the Enemy play'd furiously with their Canon that had it not been for their extraordinary Resolution the French could never have kept the Ground which they posess'd There were above three Hundred Men that day slain and woundded by the Canon Shot among whom the Marquiâ—s of Persan Camp-Master of a Regiment of Infantry receiv'd a Shot in his Thigh About Six a Clock in the Evening the French Army had pass'd the Defile and the Body of the Reserve being got clear of the Wood advanc'd to the Ground which was assign'd it The Duke also unwilling to give the Spaniards any longer time to secure their Posts prepar'd to begin the Fight and the Order of March was given throughout the whole Army when an unlucky Accident not to be foreseen had like to have put all into an extream Confusion and given the Victory to Melos La Ferte Seneterre alone commanded the left Wing in the Absence of the Marshal de l' Hospital who was with the Duke That Wing of the Army was defended by a Bogg on the one side so that the Spaniards could not attack it and therefore la Ferte had nothing to do but to keep â—irm in his Post and expect the signal of Battel The Duke had never quitted the right Wing where while the Oâ—ficers were ranging the Squadrons in their proper Places he made it his chief Business to observe the Countenance of the Enemy and in what places it would be most to his Advantage to Charge ' em But then it was that la Ferte perhaps by some secret Order of the Marshal or else out of Emulation and Envy to Gassion to Signalize himself by some extraordinary Exploit would needs be trying to put a considerable Reinforcement into the Town And to that purpose order'd all the Cavalry to pass the Marsh together with Five Battalions of Foot by the sending away of which Detachment the Left Wing became naked of Horse and much weaknd by the want of a great Body oâ— Foot But so soon as the Duke had Intelligence of itâ— he order'd both Horse and Foot to make a halt and flew to the Place where the Confusion call'd him At the same time also the Spanish Army mov'd forward their Trumpets sounding a Charge as if Melos had design'd to take his Advantage of the Disorder But the Prince having supply'd the void space of the first Line with some Troops of the second the Spaniards stopt which shew'd that they had no other intent then to gain Ground to range their second Line There are certain Critical Minuits in War that flie away with the winged swiftness of Lightning if a General has not a piercing Eye to watch 'em and a presence of Mind to seize upon the Opportunity Fortune never sends 'em again nay many times she turns with Indignation against those that were so blind as not to lay hold of her Favours The Duke of Enguien therefore sent to Command la Ferte back again so that the Detachment re-pass'd the Bogg with all speed and before Night the whole Army was re-settl'd in their appointed Posts Thus this Accident did but only delay the Battel and wrought no other Inconvenience only that it gave the Spaniards time to spread themselves more at large and put themselves into somewhat better Order then they were before The Night was very dark but the Forest being near the Souldiers kindl'd such a vast number of Fires as enlightn'd all the Plain and both Armies were surrounded with an Enclosure of Wood as if they had been to â—ight in a Box. Their Corps du Guards were so near each other that there was no distinguishing the French Fires from the Spanish and both Camps seem'd to be but one So soon as it was Day the Duke gave the signal to March and the Duke himself at the Head of his Cavalry charg'd a Thousand Musqueteers which the Count of Fontaines had lodg'd in the Wood and tho' they fought in a place as it were intrench'd by Nature and advantageous for Foot the Attack was so Vigorous that they were all cut to pieces upon the Place However for fear the Squadrons should be Disorder'd and Broken by crossing the rest of the Wood where that Infantry was Defeated the Duke with the second Line of the Cavalry turn'd to the Left and commanded Gassion to lead the first Line about the Wood upon the Right Thereupon Gassion extended his Squadrons marching under the Covert of the Wood and Charg'd the Enemies Cavalry in Flank while the Duke attack'd 'em in Front All this while the Duke of Albuquerque who commanded the Left Wing of the Spaniards knew nothing as yet of the first Action nor had he foreseen that he might be Attack'd in two places at once For he rely'd upon the Musqueteers that were lodg'd in the Wood and cover'd his first Line to that finding himself in some Disorder upon this Attack he thought it proper to oppose some Squadrons against Gassion by whom he was ready to be surrounded But there is nothing so dangerous for a General as to make great Motions before a Potent Enemy just ready to assail him For those Squadrons already tottering were broken at the first Charge and all Albuquerques's Troops overturn'd one another The Duke seeing 'em flie commanded Gassion to pursue 'em and turn'd short against the Foot Marshal de l' Hospital
The Spanish Infantry was quite Ruin'd terrour and dread had seiz'd the Enemies Forces the greatest part of the Cities of â—landers were in no Condition to hold out long and a General might do what ere he pleasd with good Success and the Duke of Orleance had taken upon himself to manage the War in those Parts In Germany the Service was not so easie for after the Duke of Enguien had led a Reinforcement thither the Marshal de Guebriant was Slain before Rowil and the Army had no other Chieftains but Ranzan and Roze Ranzan was a Person of great Courage and Wit he was also endâ—'d with a certain Natural Eloquence which was very perswasive in Councils of War and which drew others to be of his Opinion but his Conduct did not always answer his Elegant Discourses for Wine causd him to commit great Errors and many times put him out of being in a Condition to Command He had Quarter'd the Foot at Tutlinghen without taking any Care to prevent their being Surprizd and he had embroyl'd himself with all the German Princes So that the Bavarians and Lorrainers fell upon him before he had the least Intelligence of their March and Iohn de Wert having enforc'd him to Surrender with all his Men all the Officers were Prisoners of War The German Cavalry being dispiers'd into several Parts retir'd toward Brisack under the Command of Raze and took up their Winter Quarters in Lorrain and Alsatia As soon as the News of this arriv'd at Court Turenne had Orders to rally together the shatter'd Remnants of that Army and take upon him the Command of it and he spent all the Winter in bringing it into better Order but notwithstanding all his Care it was not in a Condition to oppose the Bavarians whose Army was become more Numerous after Ranzan's Defeat Mercy therefore who commanded it seeing himself Master of the Field invested Friburgh which was not in a Condition to hold out a long Siege The Duke of Enguien had Intelligence of it at Amblemont near Mouzon and receiv'd Orders from the Court to joyn the German Army and endeavour the Relief of the Town To that purpose he March'd the 20 tith of Iuly to Mets where his Forces past the Moselle and left their heavy Baggage Which done in thirteen Days he marchd threescore Leagues and came to Brisack with Six thousand Foot and Four thousand Horse By the way the Prince understood that Friburgh was Surrender'd to the Bavarians that Turenne was Encamp'd not far from em and that Mercy made no shew of having any design to change his Station Upon this Advice he March'd toward Tâ—renne with Marshal Grammont and gave Orders to Martin to cross the Rhine at Brisack with the Army which he did the 13 th of August The Duke stayâ—d no longer in Turenne's Camp then to observe the Post where the Bavarians lay and to consider where to attack ' em So that he returnd to his Army the same day that it crossâ—d the Rhine and the next day he March'd to put in Execution the Enterprize which he and Turâ—nne had consulted and contriv'd together Friburgh is Seated at the Fort of the Mountains of the Black Forest. They enlarge and open themselves in this part of the Country in the Form of a Crescent and in the middle of this space you may discover near to Friburg a Plain bounded on the Right Hand by very high Mountains and surrounded on the Left by a Boggy Wood. This Plain is watered with a Râ—volet which glides along by the Wood and afterwards falls upon the Left of Friburgh into the Hollow of a Narrow Valleyâ— interâ—nt with Woods and Marshes They that Travel from Brisack cannot enter into this Plain but through narrow Lanes and close Passes at the Foot of a Mountain almost inaccessible which commands it on every side and the other ways that lead into it are much more difficult Merâ—y was Posted in a place thus Advantageous and in regard he was one of the greatest Captains of his time he had omitted nothing to make the best of the Situation His Army consisted of Eight thousand Foot and Six thousand Horse He had extended his Camp all along the Rivolet but besides that Defence and the Advantage of the Woods and Boggs he had fortifi'd it toward the Plain with a large Entrenchment Nor was there any way to get at him but by the road that leads from Brisack to Friburgh and by consequence there was a necessity of passing by the Foot of that Mountain which defended the best part of his men And for that reason this great General had employ'd all his Industry to secure that part of his Camp from being forc'd Upon the sloping of the Mountain toward the Plain he had rais'd a Fort with Pallisadoes wherein he had put Six hundred Men together with his Artillery by which means he assur'd himself of that part of the Mountain which was most easie of Access From thence he carry'd on a Line a long a Wood of Firr-Trees still ascending to the top where it was impossible to be past This Line was defended by Redoubts at the distance of two hundred Paces one from the other and to give those that design'd to molest him still more trouble he had laid all the whole length of the Line a great Number of Fir-Trees the Branches of which were half cut and inter-twisted one within another and were as Effectual for the same use as Friesland Horses Between this Mountain which the French Army met with upon the Right Hand and another that lay nearer Friburgh there was a Hollowness which gave entrance into the Bavarian Camp but to come at it there was a necessity of going a great way about and to pass through Places which had never been view'd This part was naturally fortifi'd by a large and deep Innundation of Water and Mercy thought it sufficient to cut down a great number of Trees and lay athwart that Inundation In short never was an Army Encamp'd in a stronger Situation and better Entrenchd Nevertheless the Duke of Enguien was resolv'd to drive Mercy out of it and he prepar'd for his Attack in this manner He march'd with all his Army against the Line at the top of the Mountain that ran along the Wood of Firr-Trees leaving the Fort upon the Left hand and making it his sole business to carry the Redoubts that defended it to the end that having gain'd the top which commanded all the rest he might make himself Master of the Fort and so descend in Battel Array into the Bavarian Camp Turenne was to make his Onset where the Trees lay that defended the Vally and provided that both Onsets were made at the same time there was great Hopes that the Enemy being busied in two Places at once would be hard put to it to defend themselves and that if they should happen to be forc'd on that side next the Water the Duke coming down from the High
Trenches on that side where he lay soon after lodg'd himself upon the Counterscarp of the Half-Moon which he attack'd The extream facility that he met with was the reason that he only made a brisk Onset without any Formality His Enterprize prov'd successful and was so much the more applauded because it made him Master of what he deâ—â—â—'d much sooner then if he had gone regularly to wâ—â—k However because the Trench was pearc'd thorough and not supported with any â—â—dgâ—ments â— Traverses or places of Armes and for that the â—oâ—gment which he had made upon the Half-Moon was not well secur'd it was three times regain'd and the French were driven out with great loss Nevertheless nothing but bare necessity restrain'd the Coâ—rage of the D. of Enguien His desire to repair his loss by main force had like several times to have transported him beyond his Judgment and made him abandon himself wholly to his Valour But this same Prince who as valiant as he was was no less Judicious then Brave gave ear to reason and prefâ—â—â—'d the security of formal Approaches before his boyling Indignation and the troublesome delays which the Maxims of besieging taught him before an irregular Daring And now Lorrain being joynd by the Marquiss of Caracena there happen'd some Skirmishes between the French and Spaniards â— The Besieged likewise who still expected Succour made continual Salliesâ— and moreover they rely'd upon their Garrison which was very numerous and the strength of the Fortifications For it was surrounded with a good Wall flankd with Towers with a Rampart and a Moat supply'd with water by the River But Delponâ—â— finding that he could not hope to be reliev'd that all the Half-Moons were taken and that the Besiegers began to fill up the Moate fix their Miners upon the 28 resolv'd to beate a Parley and had very honourable Articles granted him After the taking of this Place the French Army rested a while in their Camp and for sixteen days did nothing else but repair the Breaches of the City Level some part of their Lines and Fortifie the weakest places with five or six Half-Moons So soon as the French had rested they began to think of New Conquests For the Dutch Army to which the D. of Oâ—leince had sent a Reinforcement of six thousand Men were pass'd the Sheldt and the French and Dutch Armies being joyn'd Orleance advanc'd toward Berguen St. Winox which is a large City seated upon the River Colme which about a hundred Paces below falls into the Canal of Dunkirk with a resolution to Attack that place To which purpose Orleance with Ranzaus Brigade posted himself along the Colme on that side next Sanberkhenâ— Enguien fix'd himself from his left Hand as far as the Fort of Ventismulâ—r so that they had invested the City on both sides the River Gassion took his Post from the Fort of Ventisâ—â—â— beyond the Colme as far as the Grand Canal from Berghen to Dunkirk and farther to the Banks of Colme where he joyn'd to Orleance's Camp The Place was no sooner invested but Berghen and Dunkirk pull'd up all their Sluces but the French had posted themselves upon two Rising Grounds and opend two Trenches one in the Duke of Orleance's the other in the D. of Enguien's Quarter So that the Besieged seeing the French advance so furiously with their Approaches and that the Cannon from Enguiens Attack had already broken down their Walls and that they lay naked to the Shot demanded to Capitulate Which being concluded the Garrison marchd out the 31. of Iuly in very good order and was conducted to Dunkirk So soon as they were Master of Berguen a design was laid for the besieging of Mardicke To which purpose Messengers were sent into Holland to sollicit Admiral Trump to lye with his Men of War before the Place But the Marquiss of Caracena judging rightly by the March of the French Troops of the design which Orleance and Enguien had form'd sent away forthwith to Fernando de Solis â— who was Governour of Mardicke two thousand Foot and a hundred Horse with all other things necessary for the defence of the Place The Circumvallation was finish'd in three Days and upon the 8 â—h of August at Night Orleance open'd two Trenches and Enguen one The besieged on the other side made several Sallys and that which was the least advantageous and made upon Enguien â—s Trench provd to be the most Fatal to the French for the Prince upon the first noise of the Sally flew upon the Enemy with a great number of Volunteers and the Horse Guard of his Attack brake through all that oppos'd him and put all to the Sword hardly one escaping back But the Besieged â—â—â—d so furiously that their Shot from the Counterscarp the Hornwork the Half-Moons and the Bastions was fatal to a considerable number of the French The Counts of Flaiz and Rocheguyon were both slain with the Chevalier de Fiesque The D. of Nemours was wounded in the Leg with a Musquet Bullet and the D. of Eng. scorcht in the Face with a Fire-post Thus the Besieged continu'd their Sallys till the 23 d. But all their Canon being dismounted and the French pressing upon 'em with an unresistable Fury they thought it their best course to Capitulate which they did the 24 th and by their Articles they were all made Prisoners of War to the number of two thousand five hunder'd Common Soulders two Collonels and Forty Captains Some days after the Surrender of Mardicke the Duke of Orleance return'd to Court leaving the General Command of the Army to the Duke of Enguien who after he was cur'd of his Wounds pursu'd his Conquests with the same Vigour as before The Post before Mardicke was too inconvenient for the Army to make any long stay in those parts The Prince therefore dislodgd two days after and pass'd the Colme But at the same time that Mardicke I am apt to think that the Dignity of this Historyâ— may raise my mind to that pitch as to 〈◊〉 to hope without wounding my Modesty that the Recital will deserve to be suffer'd among the Learned if it may not deserve their Applause All people thought that the Campaign in Flanders during the Year 1646. would have ended with the taking of Mardicke The Season was far spent our hardships had been extream and our Victories highly Honourable Gaston Duke of Orleance after he had Commanded our Armies was recall'd to Court and all things laid together made people believe that the Army would have been laid up in their Winterâ—Quarters and that the War would not have been renew'd again till the Spring Never the less Lewis Prince of Conde never accustom'd to end his Campaignes without the having perform'd some great Exploit above the Common rate of Courage did not find his Honour yet satisfi'd And tho that after the departure of the Duke of Orleance who left him General he had in two days passd several Rivers repuls'd the Armies of
September Tides that swell'd high 't would be a hard thing to hinder the Barks from Newport or Ostend from creeping along the Shoar and getting with the Tyde of Flood himself confirm'd in his desire to aâ—tack it by this that the Enemies Generals would hardly hazard the event of a Battel so long as it appearâ—d to them uncertain for which reason he might the more daringly undertake what he pleas'd and that there was no fear of those whom their own Interests held to be half vanquish'd already Thus then the desire of the publick Benefit join'd with the hope of more then ordinary honour having made him resolve to fall upon Dunkirk he determin'd to vanquish all manner of Obstacles and to overcome Nature her self that oppos'd his great Design Nevertheless to testifie his Moderation in an Action of so great Importance and to avoid as much as in him lay the effects of envy the inseparable Companion always of great Atchievements he caus'd the Opinions which had been debated in Council to be written out and without imparting his mind publickly to any Body sent away La Moussaye to Court to inform Ann of Austria who during the Minority of Lewis the XIV her Son successfully govern'd our Empire in Expectation of her Orders with a Submission so much the more acceptable to her that he might have Permission to act without consulting the rest of the great Ministers Now in regard he had so order'd his Message that he made no question but that the Queen would leave all things to his Management and that she would permit his Prudence to take the Liberty of his choice he resolv'd while he stay'd for her Approbation to employ his time in getting all things which he thought necessary in such a Readiness that when the Answer came from Court there was nothing to retard his going forward Four things chiefly put him to a great deal of Trouble the bad condition of his Men that lessen'd every day and which however he design'd for new hardships greater then those they had already undergone the barrenness of the Place whither he was to lead 'em the difficulty of hindring the Dunkirkers from communicating with Ostend and Newport and the weakness of Furnes which left him expos'd to the Enemy if he drew off his Army After he had for some time debated with himself the mâ—ans to remedy these Inconveniencies his Prudence at last furnishd him with such as prov'd effectual La Ferte Seneterre remain'd upon the Lis with a volant Camp of eight hunder'd Horse and fifteen hunder'd Foot with a design to secure the French Conquests and if the Enemy made any Diversion to march where necessity calld him The Prince also gave him Directions with all speed to fortifie those Places which the French held in those Quarters and to put â—em into such a Condition that if he sent for him he might have 'em well secur'd He wrote likewise to the Vidame of Amiens the King's Lieutenant in Picardy to draw out of the Frontier Garrisons as many Men as possibly he could and to bring 'em to the Camp He sent Villequien into Boulonnois to rally the Milâ—tia of the Country that were return'd home after the taking of Mardike And foreseeing that the French Infantry which had follow'd Grammont into Holland and which were to return into France in two of the States Vessels might Land at Mardike a little before he marchd for Dunkirk he designd to make use of those Men and order'd that as soon as they Landed they should be distributed into Mardike Bourbourgh and Berghen to the end they might refresh themselves a little after the Inconveniencies of the Sea and be ready so soon as there should be any occasion for 'em at the Siege He order'd also the Polish Regiments of Priamski and Cabree to take some rest in the Neighbourhood to Calais Those Foreigners were above seventeen hundred in all and were newly come into France under the Leading of Sicot After he had taken those just Measures that he might bring together when he pleas'd as many Men as were sufficient to fight the Enemy should they resolve to fall upon him rather then suffer the Town to fall into his hands and to carry on all the Labours of the Siege his next care was to provide for their Subsistence To which purpose he dispatch'd the Intendant Champestrâ—ux to Callais to make Provision of Ammunition and Victuals and told him which way he would have 'em brought notwithstanding the Inconveniency of the Season and the deepness of the Roads remitting to him the performance in general of what he orderd him in particular Now tho that the Dutch Admiral Trump a Man famous for Sea Affairs and whose valour had rais'd his Fortune was come by the States Order with ten Men of War to an Anchor in Dunkirk Road and that number were sufficient to block up the Port while the French Navy found the Spaniards Employment in the Mediterranean nevertheless in regard the small Vessels of the Enemy might creep along the Coast and slip into the Place the Prince thought it convenient to send for some few Frigates from the French Ports So that Montigny sent away twelve from Dieppe Villequier two from Bologne which were join'd by one from Calais together with some Beelanders which they pickt up upon the Coast. Beelands are small Vessels longer and narrower then Hoys which they very much resemble and much in use among the Flemings for the conveniency of their Trade and all these small Vessels were under the command of Andonville There was nothing more now to be done but to put Furnes in a Condition to stop the Enemy while Dunkirk was taken and to furnish it with Forrage for the Subsistance of the Horse which the Prince took care of in Person to the end his presence might make 'em more diligent to hasten their work and to see that they spent no more time then what was necessary in finishing the Fortifications and supplying the Magazines Furnes is seated between Newport and Dunkirk at some distance from the Sea tho it may be conjectur'd that formerly it was very near it when the Ocean driven by the violence of the North Winds overflow'd all the Land about it if not stopp'd by the Mounds that lye in the way For Fueren or Wueren as the Flemings now pronounce it signifies to Navigate and Naeâ—wueren to arrive in Port as if Furnes had formerly been a Haven for Ships and that it had deriv'd the name of it from thence And as a mark of this the Vicount of Furnes holds the first Rank among the Castellâ—ns of Flanders who are call'd Riverians in regard it was their Business to guard the Coasts A great number of Churches and considerable Edifices render the City very beautiful There is the Chamber still to be seen where Lewis the XI kept himself close when being Daâ—phin he retir'd to Charles the VII and that the D. of Burgundy protected him from the
time to obtain a considerable Succour This was the posture of Affairs on both sides when the Answer from the Court was brought to the Prince It was written in such a manner that tho the Ministers started some difficulties in the Entâ—rprise of Dunkirk 't was easie to perceive that they inclin'd to the Design of Attempting it rightly judging that if it succeeded the taking of that place would prove a great Honour to the Queens Regency Thereupon they referr'd it again to the Prince to consider whither he would undertake the Enterprize or no. The design therefore being resolv'd upon there was nothing more in the Princes Thoughts but going to work and to make the best of the Season Winter drawing on a pace and already beginning to pinch the Army For the security therefore of Furnes the Prince left Bosquet Governour with a Garâ—ison of 1200 Foot and 100 Horse with Instructions to send continually to the Camp Corn Hay and Straw All the Souldiers hâ—d orders then to be ready to March and the 19th of September the whole French Army set forward from Furnes to Dunkirk consisting of between nine and ten thousand Foot and five thousand Horse without any Baggage or that Rabble of useless People that usually follow great Armies Gassion and Ranzan Marshalls of France commanded under the Prince The first having pass'd through all the Degrees of Warfare had attaind by his own Merit to be chief in the Princes Favour The other a Native of Germany but long devoted to France found his Services recompenc'd with the greatest Honour to which the French Nobility could aspire These two had under 'em for Lieutenants Villequier la Ferâ—e Imbrand Chastillon la Moussaye Arnauld Palluaâ— Lavat Chabot Castelnau and Marsin Campâ—Marshals to the Prince Quince Roaneâ—te and Miossans were the same under Gassion Normantier Sicot and Clanleu under Ranzau They had under them very good Officers few Volunteersâ— but amongst those that were was the Duke of Rets â— whose Diligence near the Person of the Prince during the whole Campaigne made him to be greatly taken notice of and Montauzier who rode Post to wait upon the Prince upon the first Rumoâ—r of the Siege The Country between Furnes and Dunkerk is intercut with several Canals between the New River and the Colme beyond which toward the North the Downs extend themselves and the Sea-Sands The Prince therefore resolv'd to divide the Army into three Parts as well to possess himself of this Country as to invest Dunkirk so soon as he was got out of Furnes This Disposal render'd his March more easie and swift and by this means all the three Bodies which he had separated might arrive before the Town all at the same time He chose that side next the Town as the most dangerous by reason of Newport where the Enemy lay encampt He had with him the Regiments of Persâ—n Enguien Conti Albert and Mazarâ—n Vattevilâ—e's Regiment of Switzers and the Battallions of English under Tilliot Hacquins and Hansfers His Cavalry consisted of the Queens Gendarmes those of Conde Enguien Longâ—eville de l' Hospital and Grammont the Light Horse of Conde and Enguien the Royal Regiment those of Enguien Mazarin Grammont Sceaux Meille Marsin Binse and four Troops of Arnauds Carabines The most part of these Bodies had always serv'd under him and the Tryals he had put 'em upon gave him such reason to confide in 'em that it was much to their Honour Gassion took the Left Hand of the Princeâ— along the River that runs from Furnes to Dunkirk with the Companies of French Guâ—rds six Companies of Swiss Guards the Regiments of Picardy and Navarr one of Walloons under Borrnonville one of Switzers under Guy and a Battallion of English under Rocpy For his Cavalry he had his own Regiment with those of Coasâ—in de la Fueilâ—ade Villequier Rocheguyon Coeuvres Bergere Strefâ— Tillar and Bussyalmoru Ranzau march'd thorough the Country that lies on the other side of the New River with six Companies of the French Guards the Regimeâ—ts of Piemont and Orleance and the Switzers of Molondin His Cavalry consisted of the Regiments of Orleance dela Ferte Imbaud Roquelaure Beaujeau Eclinvilliers Noirlieu â— with his own together with the Fuselâ—ers and Cravates The Artillery commanded by Cosse St. Marsin Chouppes and le Bordeâ— consisted of fifteen heavy Canon some Middling and small Pieces some Bombs and a great number of Granadoes After a March of six Hours the whole Army arriv'd before Dunkirk not having met with any considerable Obstacle Only Ranzau was constrain'd to drive the Enemy from four Redoubts which they held upon the Canal that leads from Dunkirk to Bergues through which he pass'd Nor would it have been an easie thing to have forc'd 'em in some hours would they have held out till their Canon could have been brought up which could not have been done so soon by reason of the deep and miery ways which the Rain had broken But whither they wanted Resolution or whether they thought to spare their Souldiers they quitted the three first Redoubts so soon as they saw the Bridges layd to get at 'em and retreated to the fourth which was defended by the Canon of the Town and immediately a hunderd and fifty Horse fallâ—'d out of Dunkirk and put themselves behind the Fort as it was thought with a design to dispute it But afterwards it appeard that their Intention was only to favour the Retreat of their Foot which was there engag'd For Noirmonstier who was commanded to take in the Forts and who had already possest himself of the rest was marching to fall upon the latter At the same time he also caus'd the first Squadron of the Regiment of Orleance to advance and order'd Genlis to take a hunderd Musketeers of the French Guards and seize upon certain old Ruines that lay between the Fort and the Town But that struck a fear into the Enemy lest we should hinder their return and made 'em judge it was dangerous for 'em to stay any longer so that they made away after a slight Skirmish and the French Van Curriers drave 'em to their very Counterscarp Dunkirk is seated among the Downs that rise up with their white Heads on the North side from Eschelle to Calais On the East it is bounded by Furnes and Newport Southward it looks toward Berguen and Flanders Mardike lies to the West of it and the Sea washes it to the North. The Territory that belongs to it is very small and almost every way enclos'd by that of Berguen The largeness and strength of it proceeds from the convenience of the Seaâ— St. Eloy preaching the Gospel built a Chappel there in former Ages of which there are some Remains still to be seen near the Towers of the City from whence it derives both Name and Original Dunkirk signifying no more then the Church upon the Downs and it seems that for that Reason they have built the Steeple of St. Eloy â—s Church so
Army or make an Honourable â—etreat he advanc'd without losing time to the Body which Grammont commanded and calling the principal Officers of the Army together to consult what course to take it was resolv'd that they would fight the Enemy and whatever hazard they ran not to quit their Resolution This being concluded the Prince told 'em with a sedate Coâ—ntenance That there was no way but either to Vanquish or Dye and then began to encourage his men Never General shew'd so great a Resolution as did the Prince at that time yet through the midst of this Heroick Resolution and Undaunted Bravery you might discern a Sedateness of Mind and a Contempt of Danger which is the Character of a Hero He never appear'd less concern'd tho perhaps he had never been more provok'd He gave out all his Orders and had so well rang'd his men for the Combat that he openly declar'd He would get the day were he but never so little seconded This Great Prince who never appear'd so great as when the Greatest Dangers threaten'd him took upon himself the Command of the Right Wingâ— The First Line of which Wing consisting of Nine Squadrons was commanded by Villequier Lieutenant-General The Second compos'd of Eight by Normoutier and Beaujeu had Orders to lead on the Cavalry The Left Wing was led by Grammont â— and the First Line of that Wing consisting of Nine Squadrons was commanded by Seneterre Lieutenant-General the Second compos'd only of Seven was led on by du Plessis Belliere and St. Maigrin perform'd the Duty of Camp Marshal to the First of these Lines As for the Main Battel which consisted of Ten Battalions it was commanded by Chatillon and Five Squadrons which made the Body of the Reserve were under Herlack's Orders and Cossâ— had the Charge of the Artillery All things being thus dispos'd the Prince rode through all the Lines encouraging the Soldiers to Fight he put 'em in mind of their Victories at Rocrâ—y and Norlinguen He told 'em He would be the first that would engage in the greatest Dangers and that they needed no more then follow his Example And after he had laid before 'em the Honour which the French Nation would acquire if they won the day he prepar'd to give the Signal of Battel but a certain Movement of the Spaniards stopt him For he perceiv'd that the Spanish Cavalry open'd instead of Advancing and believing there was some Mystery in it he kept his Ground that he might discover the meaning of that Movement of which he was soon inform'd by his sight for he saw the void spaces between the Horse fill'd up with Footâ— which made him easily conjecture that it was the Main Battel which he understood the Duke had design'd to Command believing the Victory sure The Design of the Spanish Army was no sooner known but the Prince took his Measures accordingly He ordered Cosse to march with the Cannon and play upon the Enemy and at the same time that the Artillery play'd the Squadrons and Battalions advanc'd with such an undaunted Courage as astonish'd the Enemy The Count de la Sala who was at the Head of the First Line of the Spanish Left Wing advanc'd with a singular Bravery and gave the Enemy a dreadful Volley of Pistol Shot The French never fir'd at all but so soon as de la Sala had made his last discharge they fell on with their Swords upon the Squadron which was before 'em with so much Resolution being seconded by some other Troops of the same Wingâ— that they quite disorder'd the first Line of the Enemies Army Which the Arch-Duke beholding order'd the second Line to advance and then both Lines being join'd the Combat began to be very bloody But the Spanish Troops being superior to the Prince's Villequier and Moussay were beaten and taken Prisoners But then Noirmoutier advancing in the nick of time drave the two Spanish Lines beâ—ore him with such an undaunted Force that he soon depriv'd 'em of the Honour which they had like to have got and which seem'd to portend 'em the Victory On the other side the Prince who was every where having rally'd the Troops that gave way sent 'em again to fight afresh And those Troops tho half terrify'd flew upon the Enemies Lines with so much Fury and Courage that the Spanish Cavalry began to totter But being vigorously seconded by their Reserve the two Lines that were almost broken took Courage and reâ—urn'd once more to the Charge At what time Herlack appear'd at the Head of the Dutch Squadrons and fell upon the Lorainers with such an impetuous Violence that not being able to withstand the shock they betook themselves to their Heels and carry'd all the rest along with them Grammont who commanded the Left Wing of the French and Bucquoy who led the Right Wing of â—he Spaniards had not yet struck a Blow But then they began to engage and fought with equal advantage for some time but at length Fortune declar'd in favour of Grammont At the same time Beck and Chatillon led the two Main Bodies of the Foot and tho the Victory was a great while very dubious yet the Prince relying upon the Measures he had taken and the Stoutness of his Men made no question of winning the Battel However in regard Beck's Regiments were supported by a strong Body of Horse they made the French give ground But the Gendarmerie no less active at the end then at the beginning seconded the Foot so well that they rally'd again resum'd fresh Courage and then both sides fought with more obstinacy then before for three hours together at what time the Prince obtain'd the Victory The Spanish Army was so numerous and had so advantageoâ—sly posted themselves that the French were somewhat out of heart at the beginning of the Battel but being encourag'd by the Presence of their General there was no Obstacle no Hardship which they did not surmount no Danger which they did not willingly meet to purchase the Honour of the Dâ—yâ— The Prince himself outbrav'd the Enemies fiâ—inâ— like the meanest Soldier and expos'd himself so frequently thâ—t he was at length hit with a Musquet â—â—â—let upon the Reines but the Bullet meeting with the resistance of his Buffâ—coat he was discharg'd 〈…〉 small Contusion only Of the French Army not â—boâ—e siâ— hundred were slain and twelve hundred tâ—ken Prisoners and wounded whereas the Spaâ—iâ—rdâ— besides the loss of their Cannon and Baggage had above eight thousand kill'd and above fifteen hundâ—ed taken Prisoners among whom was General Beck the Prince of Ligny and the Count of St. Amour General of the Artillery The Duke of Chatillon who had signaliz'd himself in the Battel was made choice of by the Prince to carry the Tidings of so great a Victory to Court where so considerable a Success was look'd upon as a Testimony of Celestial Favour for which all the People shew'd a more then ordinary Joy And for which Te Dâ—â—m was sung in
belong'd was no way guilty of the Crimes which were laid to his charge for acting against the Service and Authority of the King There was very little Ammunition very few Cannon and those dismounted and without Carriages insomuch that Tavanes seeing the bad condition of the Place resolv'd to go to Stenay where Marshal Turenne was already retir'd for the Service of the Prince And in regard he had sent two single Companies that belong'd to the Prince and two other Companies of the Regiment of Meille to quarter near his House du Palliâ— two little Leagues from Langres he went thither to join ' em He was no sooner arriv'd at that House but he had advice from Bellegard that the Horse Regiments of Conde and Enguien were marching thither with the Prince's Guards and that the Chief Commander had written to him that he might receive his Orders Whereupon he sent away Guitault de Pechepeirou to press 'em to meet him at Pallie from whence they might march directly for Sâ—enaâ— and join Turenne Guitant being arriv'd at Bellegard wrote back word to the Count that all the Officers told him 'T was requisite to let their Horses rest for some few days and that many of the Troops had deserted But the Count was in hast to carry these Troops to Turenne and therefore he sent with all speed for those Regiments to come up to him and to let 'em understand That the greatest Service they could do the Prince was to quicken their March that they might the sooner be at Stonay So soon as he had put himself at the head of these Troops he set forward But in his March he met soon after his Uncle the Marâ—â—esâ— of Tavâ—nes who was the King's Lieutenant of 〈◊〉 â—â—ovince who having drawn together the Genâ—â—y the Archers with their Provost some well 〈◊〉 Troops of Horse and a Regiment of Fooâ—â— adventur'd to oppose his Nephew's Passage aâ—d to prevent his joyning Turenne The Count resolv'd forthwith to Charge this â—odyâ— that made a shew of Disputing the Passage â—ith him and falling upon 'em cut all the Cavalry 〈◊〉 piâ—ces and having taken all the Regiment of â—ooâ—â—risoners made them take an Oath to serve the 〈◊〉 and the Prince of Conde against Mazarin This Defeat of the King's Lieutenant of Burgundy 〈◊〉 a terror into the whole Province and particularâ—â— into Dijon where they were so hotly alarum'd that they forcd the very Capuchius to take Arms. Whicâ— caus'd Tavanes to alter his design and engag'd hâ—â— to turn all his Horse and Foot against that City which he was in hopes to take and make the Inhabitaâ—â—s declare themselves if they that were in the Câ—stlâ— which belong'd to the Prince would but 〈◊〉 their Gates to Him But the Commander of 〈◊〉 Castle refus'd to hearken to his Proposals so that the Count after he had Encamp'd two Days before â—he Câ—ty was constrain'd to retreat to Bellegard in hâ—pes that the Countries would not fail to assist with 〈◊〉 Arms and whatever else he stood in need ofâ— Thâ—se movements of the Count of Tavanes otherwise unsuccessful produc'd good Effects For they constrain'd the King the Queen the Cardinal and all the Court to take a Journy into Burgundy and that Progress gave an opportunity to Bourdeaux Montrâ—â—d and Normandy to declare for the Prince more especially while the King's Forces were buâ—ied in the 〈◊〉 of Bâ—llegarde Thaâ— Place as has been said already was in the most pitiful condition in the world to hold out and therefore made little Resistance The Soldiers also that were in it revolted upon sight of the King's Army so that nothing could be expected from ' em And Tavanes was constrain'd to surrender the Place much sooner then he would have doneâ— to the end he might preserve for the Prince's service a good Number of Stout men who were retir'd thither Tavanes's Soldiers after the surrender of Bellegarde were discharg'd and the Oâ—â—â—cers with all the men of Courage that were there gave their Paroles before they March'd out to meet some at Montrond some at Bourdeaux and others at Stenay for the service of the Prince which they did with all Fidelity and Exactness As for Tavanes he chose to go to Paris and joyn the Duke of Nemours there to try all manner of ways to get the Prince's out of Prison Now while the Court was busily employed in Burgundy the Dutchess of Longâ—eville left no stone unturn'd in Normandy to engage the Parliament of that Province together with the Friends and Places that belong'd to the Duâ—e her Husband to take the Princes side and to assure her self also of Hâ—â—re de Grace But all the benefit of her Intreagues and her active stirring in those parts was only this that she constrain'd the Court to quit Burgundy sooner then they would have done and to march with all their Forces into Normandy In shortâ— theyâ— were no sooner arriv'd there but the Princess was oblig'd to take Shipping and flye into Holland and from thence to come to Stenay â— where she treated with the Spaniards about setting the Princes at Libertyâ— Turenne who was retir'd upon their being first Imprison'd and who was vehemently incens'd against the Couâ—â— by reason of the Principality of Sedan which they had taken from his Family some Years before by constraining the Duke of Bouillon his Brother then a Prisoner in the Bastille to throw himself at the Kingâ—s Mercy This Turenne I say commanded all the 〈…〉 the Spaniards lent in this conjuncture 〈…〉 we relate what Turenne did at the head of 〈…〉 leâ— us see what passed in Guyenne 〈◊〉 â—â—kes of Bouillon and Rochefoâ—cault the 〈…〉 St. Simon and the Duke de la Force were 〈…〉 Persons that Acted in Gâ—yenne and 〈…〉 highly signaliz'd himself in the War 〈…〉 kindlâ—d in that Province and he is to be 〈◊〉 as the chief of all those who there 〈◊〉 themselves and took Arms in favour of the 〈◊〉 He it was that so judicially advis'd the 〈◊〉 of Conde to retire with her young Son the 〈…〉 into the Province of Guyenne For 〈◊〉 that the Person of the Duke was expos'd to 〈…〉 of the Court he might happ'n to be 〈…〉 Instrument in obtaining his Father's Liberty â—nd therefore after some delay the Princess 〈…〉 and got through the Mountains of Auâ—â—â—â— to Tâ—renne notwithstanding the dreadful 〈◊〉 that Persons of her Sex and the young 〈◊〉 Age were forc'd to undergo The Princeâ— anâ—â—he young Duke stay'd with Tâ—renne eight 〈◊〉 during which time Brive-la-Gâ—â—llande was taâ—â—â—â—nd the Troop of Genâ—darmes of Prince Thomas 〈◊〉 of a Hundred men This stop at Turenne 〈◊〉 was necessary to settle the tottering and 〈◊〉 Minds of the Bourdelois to the end she 〈◊〉 be there in safety gave time to General de la 〈◊〉 natural Brother to the Duke of Espernoon and 〈◊〉 coâ—manded the King's Forces in that Province 〈…〉 in the Princesses way on purpose to 〈◊〉 her passage But She stopping at a House of 〈…〉
several Favours upon that House Her Orders were happily obey'd tho the King thought he had already done enough having but a little before made the Duke of Anguien General of his principal Army To which at first he had so great a reluctancy that he had once resolv'd to order his retiring into Burgundy They also persuaded him to confer an Honour upon our deceased Cousin the Prince of Conde which he had long desir'd which was to make him President of his Council and some few days after he was made Grand Master of France tho the King was resolv'd to have utterly supprest it The Queen afterwards at the very beginning of her Regency bestow'd upon him in our Name the Houses of Chantilli and Dampmaâ—tin which was the Noblest Present that ever any King made to one person He was also 〈◊〉 to purchase the Estate of our Deceased 〈◊〉 the Duke of Bellegarde wherein the Town of 〈…〉 comprehended which considering the 〈…〉 oâ— the Place it self and the Scituation of 〈…〉 of our Cousins other Governments lay 〈◊〉 â—ost convenient for him of any of the Kingdom 〈…〉 so many Favours and those extraordinary 〈◊〉 granted to the Father were no less advantaâ—â—â—â— to the Son who enjoy'd the benefit of 'em 〈…〉 was still so Gracious as to confer consideâ—â—â—â—â— Fâ—â—ourâ— on the Person of the D. of Enguien Our 〈…〉 Mâ—rshal de L'Hospital had the Government of 〈◊〉 given him in Recompence of his Services 〈…〉 was rewarded with the Government 〈…〉 Toâ—n and Citadel of Stenay yet both the 〈◊〉 day â—â—ven to the Duke Upon the Death of 〈…〉 we bestow'd in one day upon his Family 〈◊〉 â—â—ployment of Grand Master of France the 〈…〉 of Three Provinces Burgundy Bresse 〈…〉 besides that of Champaigne which he had 〈◊〉 and three strong Towns the Castle of Dijon 〈…〉 and Bourges besides Bellegard and 〈◊〉 which he had in possession And we have 〈◊〉 to believe that there never was any Greediâ—â—â—â—â— afteâ— large Possessions and soaring Greatness so 〈◊〉 but would have been fully gorg'd by 〈◊〉 an Eâ—fuâ—ion of Benefits and Favours of all sorts 〈◊〉 our said Cousin then gave us formal Assurances That he would never desire any thing more for the 〈◊〉 â— confessing and acknowledging That whatâ—â—â—â— Seâ—vices he had done or whatever he could do 〈◊〉 Kingdom he could not in reason demand any 〈◊〉 â—â—â—n what had been done already for him Neâ—â—â—â—heleâ—â— in a little time after he set a foot other 〈◊〉 Clâ—ims under precarious and unjust Pretences 〈◊〉 the beâ—ter to attain his Ends renewing his forâ—â—â—â— Discontents because we had given to our most 〈◊〉 Lady and Mother the Disposal of the place of Lord High Admiral and Superintendent of the Maritime Affairs vacant by the Death of our Cousin the Duke of Breze his Brother-in-Law as if he had had a particular Privilege to make Hereditary in his Family all the Offices which his Kindred had possess'd during their Lives forgetting that he had positively promis'd to demand nothing more of us after we had gratify'd him with so many others upon the Death of his Father who dy'd presently after the D. of Breze Nevertheless we resolv'd upon one trial more to give him satisfaction in hopes that Age would moderate his Excesses and temper the exorbitant heat of his Ambition and to the end we might once for all deprive him of any Necessity and Excuse for demanding any more we heap'd up the Measure to the top and upon his renew'd Promises never to make any farther Demands we granted him a new Favour which surpass'd all the rest by adding to the Towns of Burgundy which he had already and to Stenay that of Clermont with a Gift of all the Demeasnes belonging to it as also to Stenay and Iamets which are worth near a Hundred thousand Livres a year After that we admitted the Prince of Conti into our Councils at Twenty years of Age tho his Brother and his Brother-in-Law had a Pension there already of a Hundred thousand Livres and Danvilliers's Employment for which he was to give a Recompence to the Sieur Danevoux and had settl'd upon him in our Name divers Bodies of Horse and Foot We omit several other Favours which we have conferr'd upon our Cousin the Prince of Conde which alone were sufficient to satisfie any reasonable mind besides considerable Sums of Money which we have bestow'd upon him every year and all the Augmentations of Pensions for him or his Family and Relations for whom he desir'd em We speak not of the respect which we always had for his Requests â—or Patâ—ents for Dukes for the Promotions of Maresâ—hals of Frâ—nce and a world fo Military Employâ—eâ—ts and others of all sorts as Abbots Bishops and â—overâ—meâ—ts of Places bestow'd at his Recommendaâ—â—â—â—â—pon persons at his Devotion Lastly we call God to witnâ—ss That there is no sort of study or inâ—â—â—try which we have not put in practice as well toward himself as with his most familiar Confidents â—o â—ix his mind and give him satisfaction And upâ—n this account we are oblig'd to testifie That our mâ—st deâ—r and most beloved Uncle the Duke of Orâ—â—â—ce pâ—eferring the Tranquility of the Kingdom and the Good of our Service before any other parâ—iculâ—r â—nterest or Consideration has all along persâ—â—ded us to these Sentiments and by that means highly contributed to the advantages of the said Pâ—â—â—ce and the satisfaction of all his Demands But all in vain no Favour no Application no Confiâ—ence having hitherto been able to limit his irregular Amâ—iâ—ion The nature of the several pretensions which he has set on foot from time to time and from which he has eâ—deavour'd to exempt himself with â—ildness and Prudence may easily evince to the world that they were the Sentiments and Transports of such a mind Sometimes he has vehemently insisted to have the Command of an Army for the Conquest of Frâ—nche Conte upon condition that he might have the Sovereign Possession of it In the midst of the last Campaign while our Army was advanc'd into Flanders and that it could not be enfeebled without running the Risco of some great Blow laying aside all other thoughts which way to annoy the Enemy even to the hazard of exposing our Fâ—ontiers and Strong Holds to the Assaults of our Enemies he would needs have a Detatchment of a â—reat Body of Horse drawn out to go to Liege â— to support the Design which he had to help his Brotheâ—â—he Prince of Conti to the Coadjutorship of that Biâ—â—oprick by that means to render more conâ—iderable the places which he holds upon the Mense and in his Government of Champaigne besides another great Establishment wâ—ich he projected to erect on that side as we shall afterwards make appear All which clearly shews by many remarkable Circumstances to what a degree he was possess'd with a desire of Sovereignty An Imagination the more dangerous in a Mind all Fire like his because we are moreover well inform'd That among his intimate
should embrace being as yet unresolv'd In this irresolution he began a Commerce of Letters with the Prince and writ enough to him to make him believe that he only design'd to save Appearances and that he wouâ—d deliver it into his hands at the approach of a Siege This hope rather than the state of the Prince's Forces which at that time were very inconsiderable made him resolve upon Marching towards Coignac He was sensible that the success of his Enterprizes depended upon the Reputation of his Arms but at the same time he likewise knew that wanting Forces and all things necessary to form a Siege this was the only one he could pretend to succeed in So that grounding all his hopes upon that Governour he caus'd the Duke de la Rochefoucault to go from Bourdeaux to Assemble whatever Forces he had on Foot which only amounted in all to three Regiments of Foot and Three Hundred Horse and to Invest Coignac where the Prince of Tarente was to repair with what Forces he had The Report of their March being spread in the Country whatever could be remov'd out of the Fields was carry'd into Coignac and abundance of the Nobility retir'd there also to express their Zeal for the King's Service and chiefly to Guard themselves what they had caused to be transported there This considerable number of Gentlemen easily kept the Inhabitants in awe and made them resolve to shut up their Gates in hopes of being soon reliev'd by Count d' Harcourt General of the King's Forces who was advancing towards them And whereas they had but little Confidence in the Count of Ionsac whom they equally suspected of Weakness and of being gain'd by the Prince they watch'd him so narrowly that one may say that he resolv'd to defend the place because the Power of Surrendring it was taken from him This was the only thing in which the Gentry shew'd any Vigour for during Eight days that the Prince's Men tarry'd before Coignac without Arms without Ammunition without Officers and without Discipline being at the same time fatigu'd by continual Rains which broke the Bridge of Boats they had made over the Charante for the Communication of Quarters those within never made the least use of those Disorders and kept close within the Town with the Inhabitants only firing from behind the Walls However the Prince being inform'd that the Town was upon the point of Surrendring departed from Bourdeaux and came to the Camp with the Duke of Nemours The day after his Arrival the Count d' Harcourt receiving Intelligence that the Bridge of Boats was broken and that Major-General Nort was retrench'd in a Suburb on the other side of the River with 500 Men without any possibility of being succour'd march'd against him with 2000 Foot compos'd of the French and Suitz Guards and with the King's Gendarmes Chevanx-Legers and Guards and some Gentry He forc'd Nort's Quarter without hardly meeting any resistance and thus reliev'd Coignac to the Prince's Face who was lodg'd on the other side of the River Count d' Harcourt was satisfy'd with having Reliev'd the place and suffer'd the Prince to retire without following of him Notwithstanding this Success was not very considerable in it self yet it increas'd Count d' Harcourt's Hopes and gave a Reputation to his Arms. Nay moreover he judg'd himself in a condition to make some Progresses and knowing that the Marquess d' Estissac had reduc'd Rochel to its former Obedience excepting the Towers which shut the Port he resolv'd to march thither relying upon the good-will of the Inhabitants and their hatred to Count du Doignon their Governour He had caus'd those Towers to be fortify'd and kept a Garâ—ison of Switzers in them being diffident almost of every body and expecting to find more Fidelity among that Nation than in his own But the sequel soon made him sensible that he had taken â—alse Measures for Fear and Interest which are as powerful over those People as over others gave the Switz a pretence for doing yet more than he had fear'd from the French It is most certain that this Diffidence of the Count du Doignon prov'd the Ruin of the Prince's Party who otherwise would at first have march'd with all his Forces to Rochel to re-build its Ancient Fortifications there to fiâ— the Seat of the War with all the Convenience that such a Situation could afford him Whereas in order to sooth the Jealous uncertain Temper of that Man he was forc'd to remain useless at Tonay-Charante and to suffer Rochel to be lost without so much as daring to propose the Relief thereof I must confess that the small Resistance the Garrison of the Towers made hardly afforded him time enough to form the Design of it For Count d' Harcourt being arriv'd with his Forces at Rochel and assisted by the Marquess d' Estissac lately invested with the Count du Doignon's Governments he found â—he Inhabitants dispos'd to afford him all the Assistance he could expect from them However the Towers might have held out some time had the Switzers prov'd as brave and faithful as that Count had expected But instead of answering his Expectation they resolv'd to Redeem themselves by a piece of Treachery and after a Resistance of three days Count d' Harcourt having sent them word that he would allow them no Quarter unless they stab'd Basse their Commandant they made no scruple of executing this horrid Order But Basse expecting to meet more Compassion from Count d' Harcourt than from his own Men flung himself wounded as he was from the top of the Towers into the Port where that General caus'd him to be dispaâ—ch'd in his presence without being mov'd either by the Officers Entreaties who beg'd his Life nor by so pitiful a Spectacle The loss of that place prov'd very prejudicial to the Reputation of the Prince's Arms for it was imputed to his being diffident of his Forces whereas it only proceeded from his regard to the Jealousie of the Count du Doignon He was sensibly concern'd at the News of it and imagining that all the other Garrisons would follow that Example hâ— reâ—iâ—'d to Broâ—age where he remain'd altogether 〈…〉 had made his Treaty with the Court whiâ—â— apparently he has had cause to repent Coâ—â—t d' Harcourt being encourag'd by these good Successes and strengthen'd by â—ome Forces thâ—t hâ—d joyn'd his Army resolv'd to march up to the Prince who was at Tonay-Charante But the Prince judging by the Number and the want of Discipline of his Forces that he was much inferiour to the King's Army did not think it fit to expect it in that place and therefore crossing the River in the Night upon a Bridge of Boats he retiâ—'d to la Bergerie which is not above half a League distant from Tonay-Charante The Enemies contenting themselves with having defeated two Squadrons the day before allow'd him all the time that was necessary to blow up the Tower of Tonay-Câ—arante and to retire to
〈◊〉 Bergerie without attacking of him Count d' â—arcourt at that time lost a fair occasion of falling upon his Rear when he was half over The very same day he met with a faireâ— yet which he had not the wit to improve for the Prince confiding absolutely on a Major-General who was commanded by him to burn or break the Bridge of Boats on that assurance posted his Men in divers Quarters some being a League and a half distant from his own without fear of a surprize the River lying between him and the Enemy But this Officer only loosen'd the Boats and let them float down the stream of the River in so much that Count d' Harcourt's Men having stopt them the Bridge was re-built in an hours time and he caus'd Three Hundred Horse and some Foot to cross over it to guard the head of the said Bridge This News being brought to the Prince at La Bergerie he concluded that Count d' Harcourt would march into the middle of his Quarters in order to destroy them one after another as in Prudence he ought to have done This oblig'd him to dispatch Orders to his Foâ—ces to quit their Quarters and to repair instantly to La Bergerie and immediately he march'd himselâ— towards Tonay-Charante with the Dukes of Nemours and de la Rochefoucault his Guards and whatever Officers and Voluntiers happen'd to be about him at that time to discover the Designs of the Enemies in order to amuse them until those of his Men which were most distant from him were come up to him He found the Advice that had been given him to be true and the Three Hundred Horse were in Battalia in the Meadow next to the River But at the same time he found the Enemies had not bethought themselves of what he fear'd or had lost the Opportunity of putting it in execution since that not being pass'd while they could do it without hindrance there was no likelyhood they would attempt it in his Presence Some Skirmishes past for some time without any considerable loss on either side and his Infantry being arriv'd he caus'd a long Retrenchment to be made over against the Bridge leaving the Meadow and the River between Count d' Harcourt and him The two Armies remain'd above three Weeks in the same place without undertaking any thing contenting themselves with living in a Fertil Country where all things were plenty In the mean time the Duke of Bouillon's delays and all his Conduct convinc'd the Prince that he was no longer to expect any thing from him or from Monsieur de Turenne and for that Reason he exclaim'd and acted against them with all the Passion imaginable altho' their Engagements had been different For it is most certain that the Duke of Bouillon had made an Agreement with the Duke de la Rochefoucault and afterwards with Monsieur Laisné upon the Conditions heretofore related Monâ—ieâ—r de Turenne on the contrary had entirely â—â—â—ndon'd the Prince's Inteâ—ests from the very moment he came out of Prison and as he has declaâ—'d sâ—nce was absolutely ignorant of the Duke of 〈◊〉 's Engagements The Prince being under the necessity of sending 〈◊〉 body without delay to â—ill up the Post he 〈◊〉 design'd for Monsieur de Turenne cast his Eyes upon the Duke of Nemours whose Birth and great â—â—â—our might in some mâ—nner stand instead of Monsiâ—ur de Turenne's Capacity He dispatch'd him â—mmediately for Flanders but he not being able to sâ—pport the Inconveniencies of the Sea was conâ—â—â—â—in'd to go by Land with a great deal of danger and loss of time by reason of the Forces which brought back the Cardinal into France He likewise sent the Dake de la Rochefoucault back to Boâ—rdeaux to dispose the Prince of Conty to go to Agâ—n to confirm the Peoples Minds which began to waver upon the new Progress of the King 's Arms. He likewise engag'd him to make a Proposition to the Parliament of Bourdeaux to consent to the putting of the Baron of Batteville and the Spaniards in possession of the City and Castle of Bourg which they offer'd to Fortifie During these Transactions Fontrailles was sent from the Duke of Orleance to the Prince to see the state of his Affairs and to inform him that the Parlâ—ament of Paris was ready to joyn with his Royal Higness to oppose Cardinâ—l Mazarin's return and that his said Highness was desirous to Act joynâ—ly with him in that Affair Fontrailles likewise propos'd to him a Reconciliation with the â—oadjutor saying that the Duke of Orleance deâ—ir'd it earnestly The Prince made no positive Answer to that Article whether it were that he could take no certain Measure with the Coadjutor or whether he thought that those he should take would not be approv'd by Madame de Longuevillâ— and by the Duke de la Rochefoucault to whom 〈◊〉 had made a Promise never to be reconcil'd to thâ— Coadjutor without their Approbation Howeveâ— he told Fontrailles that he would do what the Dukâ— of Orleance desird when those Affairs should bâ— somewhat riper and when that Reconciliaâ—ioâ— might be of use for the Common Good of thâ— Party At this very time Count Marsin joyn'd the Princâ— at La Bergerie and brought along with him a Thouâ—sand Foot and Three Hundred Horse of the besâ— Forces he had in the Army of Catalonia which hâ— commanded Many have blam'd this Action and look'd upon it as a piece of Treason For my part without taking upon me to condemn or defend it I shall barely relate that Marsin having long been devoted to the Prince's Service had receiv'd the Government of Bellegarde which place belongâ—d to him from him and that afterwards he had not only protected him in the Service but by his Credit he had obtain'd the Vice-Roy-ship of Catalâ—nia and the Government of Tortose for him in which he serv'd the King with great Loyalty and good Fortune And when the Prince was made a Prisoner Marsin who was taken up at the same time was tax'd with no other Crime than being his Creature Nay more his Government of Tortose being given to Launay Gringelinere he suffer'd it to be taken soon after Marsin's Confinement lasted as long as the Prince's and after his being put at Liberty he remain'd some time without any Employment But the Affairs of Catalonia being in an ill Posture and the Court being at a loss to find a Person capable to redress them Marsin was propos'd for the second time by the Prince and the Duke de la Rochefoucault made the overture of it to Monsieur Le Tellier without Marsin's solliciting in the least for 〈◊〉 It was impossible for him to defer his Journey â—nto Catalonia to expect the issue of the doubtful things that pass'd at the Court which were more likely to be decided by an Accommodation than by a Civil War Therefore he set forward towards his new Employment for which he was solely oblig'd to the Prince who had likewise lately given him
Horse of the Duke of Lorrain's Commanded by the Prince de Ligne He attack'd St. Menehoult on the first of November and took it after fourteen days Siege The Sixteenth of the said Month he receiv'd Notice that Marshal de Turenne had receiv'd a Reinforcement of 3000 Men and that he was at Vitry le Bruslé with near 15000. Whereupon he resolv'd to make his whole Army cross the Wood towards Clermont and to Encamp there in expectation of the Succours of Fuensaldagne which he stood in need of by reason that after the taking of St. Menehoult he had sent back the Regiments of Languedoc of Valois and Langeron to the Duke of Orleance for the Reasons I am going to relate When the Duke of Orleance was retir'd to Limours the King sent the Duke d' Anville and Monsieur Le Tellier to that exil'd Uncle to Conclude and Sign an Accommodation with him The chief Conditions of that Accommodation were That 〈◊〉 should call back his Forces which consisted of Eight Regiments of Horse and Three of Foot That he should give them to the King but that His Majesty should not employ them against the Prince of Conde The Treaty being sign'd Monsieur retir'd to Blois with the King's leave there to enjoy the Delights of Solitude and to lead a 〈◊〉 Life with Madame who had no mind to be concern'd with the Cabals of the Court. The following day he sent Gedouin Mareschal 〈◊〉 Camp and second Lieutenant to his Gendarmes to give the Prince of Conde an Account of his Accommodation and to invite him at the same time to return to his Allegiance with those that follow'd his Fortune and to take the Advantage of the Act of Grace His Majesty had granted them He likewise carry'd Orders to bring back the three Regiments I have mention'd the which the Prince had taken along with him and were at that time in his Army This Envoy being arriv'd at the Camp before St. Menehoult on the third day of the Siege and having perform'd his Commission to the utmost of his Power the Prince answer'd him coldly That he thank'd his Royal Highness for the Advice he gave him of his Treaty with the Court that both he and his Friends knew the Treatment he had receiv'd notwithstanding the Act of Grace and that they would make their Profit of his Example and that as for his Royal Highnesses Forces he would send them back after the end of the Siege which he perform'd as above-said Whilst the Prince of Conde was taking those Places the Spaniards assembled the Forces of their Garrisons in order to Invest the City of Bouillon and to surprize the Cardinal there who was raising of Men in the Country of Liege to pass into Champayne where the Nobility were likewise making of Levies he was to joyn to some Forces of Normandy But his Eminency got happily out of Bouillon with a strong Convoy of which some were kill'd which oblig'd the Cardinal to retire to Sedâ—n Having assembled there the Forces he had rais'd in the Country of Liege and there abouts he march'd from thence with them on the 25 th of November in order to joyn those that were assembling by the Nobility in Champayne and arriv'd at St. Disur at the beginning of December with Four Thousand Men. Monsieur de Turenne who had Intelligence of every thing had quitted his Camp at Baillican and taken his March by Epernay and Chalons towards Reims where he was to tarry for the Cardinal and to receive his Forces to joyn them to the King's Army However they judg'd that the King's Army was strong enough of it self to Attack the Prince of Conde and therefore his Eminency march'd towards Chalons in Champayne with his Forces in order to scour the Frontiers before his return to Court where he was impatiently expected by the King and by the Queen-Mother Altho' the Prince of Conde had receiv'd on the 25 th of November the Quality of Generalissimo of the King of Spain's Armies by the Hands of Count Fuensaldagne he was allow'd no greater number of Forces than he had before It was a lofty Title which produc'd no Considerable Succours Thus the Conjuncture I have related put the Prince who was then in a Post near Clermont to a great losâ— He expected the Succours Fuensaldagne had promis'd him but he was inform'd that thaâ— Count had receiv'd Orders from the Arch-Duke Leopold to lead back his Forces into Flanders However it happen'd happily at that time that the Prince of Tarente came back from Flanders with 5 or 6000 Men he had rais'd there at his own Charge and brought them to the Prince of Conde who in order to acknowledge so great a Service thought himself oblig'd to give him the General Command over his Forces the which he desir'd But by reason that Count Tavannes had always Commanded them the Prince propos'd his Design to him at which the Earl was both surpriz'd and vex'd What is it your Highness designs then I should do â—ere said he Does Honour permit me to serve is your Forces under another after having Commanded them all for so long a time The Prince answer'd That having no other way to acknowledge his Obligations to his Cousin the Prince of Tarente Tavannes ought to be so much his Friend as to comply with the present state of his Affairs and that if it was a trouble to him to yield to that Prince the Command he desir'd he would prevail with him to be contented to have it alternately with him Your Highness may dispose of your Forces as you think fit reply'd Tavannes and I must thank you for the Medium you are pleas'd to propose to me but having always Commanded your Forces alone I cannot resolve to aâ—mit a Companion Therefore I beseech you to give me leave to retire to leave the sole Command of your Forces to the Prince of Tarente The Count of Tavannes had for some time been very much dissatisfy'd with the Prince of Conde whom he had always serv'd with a great deal of Fidelity and Zeal He could not forget that this Prince before his departure from Paris and while he was sick there had held a very considerable Council without having call'd him to it and that the best Places and chief Governments of the Kingdom had been dispos'd of before-hand in the said Council without so much as thinking of him It is true that this Count had ever look'd upon this destination of Places and Governments as a Chymerical thing by reason that it never entred into his thoughts that the King's Army should be defeated at the time the said Council was held aâ— the Prince of Conde and all the Grandees of his Party imagin'd then Nevertheless it made him sensible that the Prince had but little remembrance of his Services and that he had but little regard to his Advancement and his Interest And therefore he had been very much dissatisfy'd ever
of Orange used his utmost Endeavours in order thereunto but the Prince of Conde chose such advantagious Posts and retrenched himself so well that it was impossible to force him without disadvantage He contented himself with observing the motion of the Enemies and with preserving the Conquests France had mâ—de and to hinder the Confederate Army from entring into France which was the Design the Confederates had projected The Prince of Orange finding that it was impossible to come to any Action with the Prince of Conde who kept upon the defensive laid Siege before Oudenarde in the Month of September whereby he obtain'd his End which was to draw the French out of their Retrenchments Accordingly the Prince of Conde having received a Supply of Forces which Marshal â— ' Humierâ— was to bring him he set immediately forward to attempt the relief of that placeâ— As soon as the French Army appeared the Prince of Orange assembled a Council of War in which he propos'd to march out of the Lines in order to attack the Prince of Conde before his Forces could be refresh'd which was very well projected The Spaniards were of the same opinion but Count de Souches refus'd flatly to consent to it whereby that occasion was lost besides it created such Differences among the general Officers that the Germans quitted the Trenches the next day and posted themselves a league from thence whereby the French got an opportunity to send whatever supply they pleas'd into the Town This oblig'd the Prince of Orange to raise the Siege Whereupon a French Officer telling the Prince of Conde that that Prince was unhappy he reply'd That he was unhappy as he was brave and that in time that Geneâ—â—l would prove as formidable to France as his Forefathers had proved to Spain The following Campaign the King of France took the Castle of Dâ—nant and besieg'd Huy which he took about the beginning of Iune and the 9th of the said Month he invested Limbourg the thirteenth the Lines of Circumvallation were begun The Prince of Conde and the Duke â— ' Enguien arrived in the Camp the same day with eight Squadrons of Horse and the following day the Marshal of Creque repair'd thither also with 3000 Horse The Trenches were open'd the same day The Prince of Orange prepared for the relief of this place but it surrender'd without making any resistance before that Prince arriv'd The French Army had fatigu'd too much to acâ—â—pt any thing else besides the time of the Campaign of Germany approaching there was a necessity of sending Forces to Monsieur de Turenne who was in great want of it To that end a Detachment was made and sent to him and there bâ—ing nothing more to be done in Flanders the King retir'd to Versailles and left the command of 〈◊〉 Army to the Prince of Conde The Detachment that was sent in Germany turn'd the Scale 〈◊〉 wherâ—as the Prince of Orange was upon the deâ—â—â—sive before the Prince of Conde was obliged to do it in his turn and was put to a great loss However the Confederates attempting nothing 〈◊〉 Campaign ended without any considerable Archievements on either side While the Armies were without Action in Flanders all things were disposâ—d to fight briskly in Germany and the Vice-Comte of Turenne was killed at the Eve of the Battel he designed to fight against â—he Imperialists on the 27th of Iuly The Prince of Conde received an Order to command in Germany after the death of that General He left Flanders on the 10th of August and left the command of the Army to the Duke of Luxemburg The Imperialists had besieged Haguenau on the 20th of the same Month The Prince of Conde at that â—ime joyned the Frâ—nch Army that was encamped near Sâ—edstadt with a Supply of 15000 men and being informed of the Siege Montecuculy had made he marched away immediately with the Forces he had brought along with him and went towards â—enfeldon and Erstein in order to go near the River Prentâ—â— to encamp on the 22th at Holsheim reporting that he designed to attack the Imperialists or cut off their Communication with Strasbourg Montecuculy having notice of his march went away the same day from Hagueâ—aâ— in order to offer the Prince Battel and left 4000 men before the Place The next day he arrived at Gartnervelt where the Forces he had left before Hâ—guenau came to joyn him and he drew so near the Prince of Conde that there was nothing but the River between the two Armies but there fell so much Rain about that time that neither of the Generals durst undertake any thing The Imperialists only took some Prisoners among whom was the Prince of Conde's Steward They likewise cut over a Bridge at Howart near Stratsburg in order to attack the French Army Whereas that City had favoured the Designs of Montecuculy in the Siege of Haguâ—nau which he was oblig'd to raise the Magistrates were no sooner inform'd of the arrival of the Prince of Conde but they sent Deputies to him to excuse what they had done but they did not receive an Answer suitable to their Desires The Prince of Conde made answer to them That after having dispatch'd what was most in haste he would visit them if the King would believe him That quick haughty Answer alarm'd that City which was not unacquainted with the Reputation and Humour of that Prince they had already made tryal of what he was capable of doing for at the beginning of the War Ricousse one of the Officers of his Houshold had made an Attempt upon the Bridge of Stratsburg upon less provocation the which had been contriv'd in his Closet But let us return to Montecuculy He was no sooner come near the Post where the Prince of Conde was retrench'd but that Prince fir'd two Pieces of Ordinance to offer him the Combat The Armies were very equal in strâ—ngth But the Emperors General dreading the first fire of the â—â—ench and the Reputation of a Princeâ— who pass'd for the best Captain of the Age he â—ived in would haâ—ard nothing and retired under the Canon of Strâ—tâ—burg Nevertheless he caused all the Equipage to be placed upon the side of the Ditch of that City in order not to be incommoded thereby in case the Prince of Conde should attack him but that Prince did not intend to attack him in that Post. He retired towards the Mountains and from thence to Chatenois where there was abundance of Forrage Montâ—cuculy went to encamp at Obernâ—eim where he received a considerable Supply of Horse and Foot The Prince of Conde having notice of it â—earing that General might come to attack him â—ortified his Camp with a surprizing diligence and having soon after received a Reinforcement of 2000 Horse and some Foot he thought himself secure He had had a mind to quit the Post in which he was retrenched but whereas it shut up the Passages into Lorrain upon which the Imperialists had some designs he
fought not with the same Success for having gallopp'd his Horse upon the Enemy they were out of Breath before they came to join The Spaniards therefore stood firm to receive 'em and broke the French upon the first Encounter The Marshal after he had fought with an extraordinary Valour had his Arm broken with a blow of a Pistol and had the Misfortune to see all his Wing betake themselves to headlong flight The Spaniards follow'd their Blow vigorously cut some Battallions of Infantry to pieces gain'd the Canon and never stay'd till they came within sight of the Reserve which put a stop to their Victory While the two Wings fought with such unequal Success the French Infantry march'd against the Spanish And already some Battallions were engaged But Espenan who commanded the Foot understanding the Misfortune that had befallen the Left Wing and seeing that all the Spanish Infantry stay'd for him in good Order and with a more then ordinary fierceness in their Countenances thought it convenient not to be too rash but to hold the Enemy in play with light Skirmishes till he saw which of the two Cavalries had the better In the mean time the Duke of Enguien had overthrown all the Walloon and German Foot and the Italians had betaken themselves to flight when he perceiv'd the Rout of the Marshal Then the Prince clearly saw that the Victory depended wholly upon the Troops which he had with him and therefore giving over the pursuits of the Foot he march'd behind the Spanish Battallions against their Cavalry which gave Chase to the Left Wing of the French Army and finding the Enemy Disorder'd by the pursuit he easily put 'em to a total Rout. La Ferte Seneterre who was taken Prisoner in the Rout of the Left Wing where he fought with an extraordinary Courage was found wounded in several places and rescu'd by the Duke Thus the Right Wing of the Spaniards enjoy'd their Victory but a short time They that pursu'd were now forc'd to flie themselves and Gassion meeting 'em in their flight put the greatest part of 'em to the Sword Of all Melos's Army there now remain'd only the Spanish â—oot and they were serrid in one Body together near the Canon More then that the good Order which they kept and their sower Looks shew'd that they would sell their Lives at a dear Rate They were commanded by the Count of Fontaines who was one of the greatest Captains of his Time and tho he were forc'd to be carry'd in a Chair because of his Infirmities yet he would be every where giving Orders But the Duke understanding that Beck was Marching with Six Thousand Foot toward the Entrance of the Wood never stood to consider whither he should Charge the Infantry or not tho' he had but a small number of Horse with him The Count of Fontaines also stood him with a brave Resolution not suffering his Men to Fire till the Fernch were within Fifty Paces of him But then his Battallion open'd and of an Instant a Discharge of Sixteen Canon laden with Cartouches saluted the French Infantry which was accompany'd with a showre of small Shot as thick as Hail This was such a terrible welcome that the French were not able to brook it so that if the Spaniards had had but Horse to have follow'd their Blow the French Foot could never have been rally'd But having no Horse to disturb 'em the Duke soon rallyd 'em again and brought 'em on to a second attack which had the same Success as the former and in short he charg'd those Veterane Spaniards Three times without being able to break ' em But then the Body of the Reserve came up and several Squadrons returning from the pursuit of the Spanish Horse re-joyn'd the Princeâ—s Body And then the Spanish Infantry being surrounded on every side and overlayâ—d with Multitude was constraind to give way to Number So that the Officers layd aside all Thoughts of any longer defending themselves but by the motion of their Hats made a sign of calling for Quarter Upon this the Prince advancing to receive their Parole and give them his the Spanish Foot thought that the Prince had been going to make another Attack upon 'em and upon that mistake discharg'd a full Volly at him which was the greatest danger he was in during the whole bloody Work of the Day Which his men perceiving and attributing it to the Treachery of the Spaniards chargd 'em on every side without expecting any Orders and reveng'd the Risco which their General had escapd with a most dreadful Slaughter of the Spaniards The French pierc'd into the midst of the Spanish Battallion killing all that stood in their way and notwithstanding all that the Duke could do gave Quarter to none but more especially to the Switzers who are usually more Merciless then the French The Prince flew about every where calling to the Souldiers to give Quarter The Spanish Officers also and likewise the Common Souldiers crowded about him for shelter and Don George de Castelui Camp-Master was taken by his own hand In short all that could escape the Fury of the Souldiers ran in heaps to beg their Lives of him and beheld him with Admiration So soon as the Prince had given Orders for securing the Prisoners he made it his Business to â—ally his Men and to put himself in a Condition â—o fight Beck if he should happen to worst Gassion â—r if he should adventure to engage him in the â—lain But Gassion returning from the pursuit of â—he Fugitives told the Duke that Beck made no haste to come out of the Forest only contented himself to pick up the shatterd Wrecks of the Defeat That he had done it in so great Disorder and with so little Knowledge of the Advantages he might have made of the narrow Passes of the Forest that any one might plainly perceive that the Terrour of Melos's Men had struck his Souldiers with the same dismay In a word after he had savd some remnants of the Spanish Army he retreated with an incredible precipitancy leaving behind him two pieces of Canon The Duke finding his Victory absolutely secure fell upon his Knees in the midst of the Field of Battel commanding all his Men to do the same and gave God Thanks for his great Success And certainly all France was no less obligd to pay her Thanksgivings to Heaven and her Thanks to Him For assuredly it may be said that for many Ages France had never won a Battel more Glorious nor of greater Importance And indeed great Actions were perform'd on both Sides The Valour of the Spanish Infantry can never be sufficiently applauded For it is a thing but rarely heard of that after the Rout of an Army a Body of Foot deprivd of Cavalry ever had the Resolution in open Field not only to stand One but Three Attacks without being so much as stirr'd and it may be truly said that if the Reserve had not come up the Prince
this Attack Arnauld having mounted the Guard in the New length by a Line of Communication joynd the two Attacks to the side of the Moat To that purpose he began after one Sapping to pierce it he orderd Bavins to be brought to fill up â—he Moat he planted one piece of Canon convenient for Battery with a Design to preserve the Trenches which running on with less room as they approach'd the Place were the more easily shot thorough by the Canon of the Enemies Defences and therefore it was the more necessary to play from the Trenches to ruine em Marsin reliev'd him with the Regiment of Persan and a Battallion of English and all that Night continu'd throwing Faggots to fill up the Moat But in regard he found it to be very broad and deep and that the Enemy annoy'd his approaches the Mines could not yet be set to the Bastion which forc'd him to facilitate the building of the Bridge which led thither to raise a new Battery The same Night Miossans with the French Guards of Gassions Brigade made an end of Lodging himself upon the Hornwork and carry'd on the Sapping to the Entrenchment which the Enemy had already opposd against him Some Hours before day Picolominy advancd along the Shoar to the Besiegers Fortification of Piles and Stakes and alarumâ—d Gassion's Quarter For he had been told that he might that way put men into Dunkirk aâ—d retreat without any danger provided he kept his design Secret and that he took the Advantage of the Night and the fall of the Tyde Now tho he knew that this Enterprize would not save the Place yet he was oblig'd to attempt it by reason of the Honour which would redound to himself either to have reinforc'd Dunkirk with Relief or to have been the only Person of all the Generals in Flanders that durst approach the Enemies Entrenchments To this purpose therefore setting forward from Newport with 500 of the best Troopers in his Army he march'd all Night in â—o good Order and with such a profound silence and his Guides had led him so directly that he had eluded the watchfulness of the French Scouts and was got to the Sâ—oâ—â—aâ—e without being discoverd There was then some hopes that he might get forward with his Menâ— But the Besiegers Foot Guard that kept a diligent watch with their Arms in their hands fir'd with that fury upon him that hâ— was forc'd to retreat Sâ— soon as the Prince had notice of the Enemies approach he presently mounted and Sallying out of the Lines with two Regiments of Horse march'd with all the speed he could above two Leagues but could not overtake ' em Picolominy galloping away full speed as judging that he should be follow'd and that he could not avoid being defeated if he gave the Prince never so little time to joyn him The Prince from this time forward assur'd of the taking of Dunkirk which only was a work of a little time and finding he should have enough left him either to reduce Dixmuyde or to fortifie Courtray for his Winter Quarters if he could but oblige Leda to surrender without prolonging his Defence to the last extremity and being desirous to spare some few days for the refreshment of his Men resolvâ—d to joyn Negotiation with force and to try if he could hasten the end of the Siege by a Conference For which purpose he wrote to the Governour of Dunkirk That having something to impant to him in reference to an Affair that concernâ—d hiâ—sâ—lf and which was of great Importance he disâ—â—d leave to send a Person of Quality to him who should farther unfold his Mind A Drummer was sent with this Letter and Leda at the same time return'd for Answer That he should look upon such a Conference as a very great Honour but that being oblig`d to give an Account of his Actions to the Council of Spain and the Generâ—ls of the Low Countries he did not judge it proper according to the Rules of Decency to admit a Person of Qualiâ—y inâ—â— hiâ— Garrison without Permission first obtain`d That it would be much better for him 〈◊〉 send â—o the Camp and that if his Highness thoughâ— it câ—â—veâ—ientâ— thâ—re should a Person attend him the next day to receive his Coâ—mands The Prince having consented to this Proâ—osal 〈◊〉 de Veere Maj. Gen. of 〈◊〉 â—s Army came the next daâ— to the Camp about ten a Clock in the Morning After the usual Complements the Prince coming close to the Matter told him That â—â—ving always had a high Esteem for Courage whereevâ—â— he met it he had never omitted any opportunity to indulge it That â—â—was hiâ— opinion that Vâ—râ—â— was to be cherish`d in an Enemy and that iâ— waâ— but â—ust for a Victor to be favourable to the vanquish`d when their Actâ—â—s deserv`d it Therefore thâ—t the Governouâ—â—nd Officers who had defended Dunkirk both deserv`d and mâ—â—ht exâ—â—ct from him all manner of civil and fair Vsage provided they did not debaâ— themselves of the means to receive it Thaâ— it was sufficient for them to have stopt him so long before a Place which he might much â—â—oner have subdu`d had any others thâ—n themselves defended it That they had already acquir`d all the Honour they could expect by the Siegeâ— that they had given absolute Satisfaction to their Reputation and therefore that it was now high time for â—em to think of their security and speedily to think of Capitulating unless they had a mind to ruine themselves That it behov`d `em to consider that the Armies of Flanders not willing to hazrrd a Rattel we esâ—parated that the Frigates of Newport were sled after a vain attempt and that the most vigorouâ— defence they could make hence forward would only delay their Destruction for some few days However that tho in this Condition they were quite out of Hopes of any Succour yet he would be so favourable to their Prowess as to suffer `em to â—â—rch out of Dunkirk with Honour But if they stay`d to the last extremity they would constrain him in despite of his own good Nature to make use of all the severity of War Veere seem`d to be surprizâ—d at the Prince`s Speech excusing himself for not returning a Reply in regard he had no power to treat return`d to the Town with a promise to inform Leda and to bring back his Answer before Night 〈…〉 there were two Conjunctures 〈…〉 to 〈◊〉 the Surrender of the 〈…〉 it was that Expeâ—ience shewed them 〈…〉 to be inâ—â—usâ—ed with the Nego 〈…〉 from feaâ— and 〈…〉 ha◠〈◊〉 formerly a 〈◊〉 〈…〉 taken at the Battel where 〈…〉 y Maâ—â—â—al Guâ—breant and had 〈…〉 of his Parole For 〈…〉 afraâ—d of falling again into their 〈…〉 would have done any thing rather 〈…〉 second time Prisoner to Frâ—nce 〈…〉 he was in Dunkirk with five Re 〈…〉 Artillery of Lâ—mboy's Army and 〈…〉 that iâ— he lost those Men and his 〈…〉 and Fortune of his General upon 〈…〉 depended would
be hop'd for and which he had undertaken only to keep up the Reputation of his Party and to admonish his Generals to provide for all those Places upon which the Prince is most likely to turn his Victorious Arms after the Surrender of Dunkirk And now the time for relieving the Town being just ready to expire in the evening of the third day Veere deliver'd up into the Prince's hands all the New Town and Miossans who then commanded in his turn enter'd the Place with two Squadrons of Horse and six hundred Foot taken out of the Battalions of French Guards and the Switzers of Gassions Brigade Which done he march'd to take possession of Niâ—uport Gate of the Old Town 'T is true that Governour made some scruple of yielding up the Gate but at last being oblig'd to it by his Capitulation the Soldiers became Masters of it and there stood all the night under their Arms within a Pikes length of the Enemy The next day being the 11th of October the Garison began to march forth about Eight of the Clock in the Morning The Prince also not so much out of ostentation as to prevent Disorders and to see Leda for whom he had a high esteem plac'd himself upon the way through which they were to pass A hundred and fifty Horse appear'd first of all be-being follow'd by Lamboy's five Regiments after which came the Baggage and then the Artillery belonging to the Germans and two Pieces of the City Cannon according to the Articles the Spanish Infanâ—ry march'd after the Great Guns and a hundred and fifty Horse brought up the Reer Leda came last mounted upon a good Horse and accompanied with the Principal Officers So soon as he perceiv'd the Prince he alighted and accosted Him with a profound Respect On the other side The Prince who was also alighted from his Horse so soon as the Governour came pretty near him receiv'd him very civilly After the first Complements and a great number of Reciprocal Encomiums as the Governour was ready to retire the Prince stopp'd him and invited him to stay and see the Garison which he intended to put into Dunkirk Presently Norssmonstier who had the leading of 'em advanc'd at the head of the Battalions of French Guards of Ranzaâ—'s Brigade the Regiments of Piemont and Orleans Molonden's Switzers and Cabree's Polonians These Bodies march'd one after another and with the Foot that enter'd the day before made two thousand four hundred men of the stoutest in the Army While they march'd along and that the Prince was discoursing with the Governour the latter comparing to himself the Fortune of the Siege of Maestricht with his present Condition and the great Qualities of two famous Captains that had vanquish'd him could not chuse but admire the Prince Puissant Armies abundance of all things length of time had render'd Frederick Henry of Nassau Victorious But here the Prince with a slender Army pinch'd for want of Necessaries in a short time had by his Prudence and Courage within thirty days accomplish'd what the Hollanders were three Months bringing to pass The Garison being march'd by Leda took his leave of the Prince who order'd him the Queen 's Gens d' Armes commanded by Franquerot to conduct him to Nieuport and then made his Entry into Dunkirk He found in the Magazines a good quantity of Powder Match Bullets Arms Corn Forage and other sorts of Provision and Ammunition Upon the Fortifications several Pieces of Brass Cannon and a great number of Iron Pieces and in the Port two great Vessels three Flutes and thirteen Frigats or rather Privateers which kept the Western Seas of France in a shameful subjection it being easie by all this to see that the Besieged had store of all things necessary for their Defence and that Valour only had tam'd them Thus ended the Siege of Dunkirk at a time when all Eâ—rope had their Eyes fix'd upon the Prince But among so many Nations that beheld with astonishment the Wonders of his Life there was none but acknowledg'd that his Fortune was beneath his Virtue and his Prowess The End of the Second Book Memoirs c. The THIRD BOOK THE Siege of Dunkirk was no sooner at an end but the Duke took a Resolution to besiege Menene Nevertheless considering that the Season was too far spent to undertake that Conquest he only sent Gassion with his Army toward the Abby of Lenzi to see whether some Attempt might not be made upon Dixmude of which he had a Design to make himself Master to the end he might in those Quarters refresh some part of his men But that Enterprize not appearing feasible he set forward and encamp'd at Hondescott by reason of the abundance of Forage after he had set his men at work to repair as well as they could the Breaches of Dunkirk and strengthen'd that Place with Men and Ammunition sufficient and put in two Convoys into Courtray one of which he conducted himself through a Thousand Dangers After which having receiv'd Orders to lay up his Men in their Winter Quarters he distributed his Forces according to his Orders leading himself into Champaign that part of the Army which he commanded in Person before he join'd the Duke of Orleans The Government of Dunkirk was join'd to that of Berguen as well for that Dunkirk belongs to the Castellame of Berguen as because that time out of mind they who commanded in the lasâ— place were always Masters of the Sluce that lies at the Gates of Dunkirk and is that through which they let in the Sea to drown all the Countrey when they please And these two Governments were conferred upon Marshal Ranzau which equally surpriz'd all people in regard that no body question'd but that the Court would have cast their eyes upon Mareschal de Gassion who had so highly signaliz'd himself in the Siege of that place and who had moreover those Personal Qualities which Ranzau wanted But this was not the only vexation that mortified Gassion after the Siege of Dunkirk for out of a Capricio of his unlucky star he would needs embroil himself with the Duke of Enguien who had a great value for him and had procur'd him a Marshal's Battoon in despite of Cardinal Mazarine who had no kindness for him This hapned a little before the Armies separated and upon this occasion Gassion had taken with his own hand during the Siege an Officer one of Lamboy's Battel-Marshals whom the Duke had promis'd to restore to his Collonel and the thing had been done as the Duke desir'd but it was Gassion's Fate to embroil himself at that very instant with a Prince who till then had been his Protector and upon whose Affection depended his Good or Bad Fortune For in regard the Prisoner had his Liberty upon his Parole the Captain of the Guards could not meet with him time enough to present him to his Collonel so soon as he desiâ—'d Upon which the Collonel meeting Gassion presently aâ—ter gave
share in the Design nor was he to have any in the Execution of it And that he might have the whole Honour of it he went from Amiens whâ—re the King was to the Siege But Fortune prov'd no way favourable to him his Enterprize 〈◊〉 to his Confusion for Cambray being reliev'd 〈◊〉 was forc'd to raise his Siege During the Prince's Absence the Cardinal had held no other then a Correspondence of Decency and Civility with him and the Prince who began to be sensible of the Prosperity of the Court with some regret and who was not a little disturb'd about the Siege of Cambray was no less glad to hear it was rais'd The Troubles in Guyenne and Provence and the Difficulties which obstructed the King's Return to Pâ—riâ— pleas'd him as much because he believ'd that the Cardinal minded nothing else but which way to surmount all those Obstacles and present Impediments that obstructed his recovering an Absolute and Independent Authority And therefore he forbore to â—oment his Discontents either in private or in publick as if he were willing to lay his Resentments asleep to the end he might afterwards let 'em loose with more Violence Also at his return from Burgundy to Pâ—ris before he had seen the Court he most earnestly solicited all his Friends to take care that the King and the Cardinal might have a Reception into the Metropolis of the Kingdom suitable to their Dignity Perhaps he strove to compleat a work so glorious as that of restoring the Cardinal or that he flatter'd himself that such a piece of Service would never be forgot by the Queen He â—tay'd till the Court was return'd to Compeigne where he was receiv'd with more demonstrations of Friendship then when he parted from thence After which his Majesty return'd to Paris and in that Entry the King the Queen and all the Royal Family rode in the same Coach and the Cardinal in one of the Boots with the Prince who put a confidence into him by his presence And the incredible Throng of people who appear'd at that same Entrance and who abhorr'd the very sight of the Cardinal did only then let loose their Joy for the King's Return who at that time took up all their thoughts and defac'd the remembrance of all their Animosities and past Misfortunes When their Majesties arriv'd at the Palace-Royal they receiv'd the Submissions of the D. of Beaufort the Coadjutor and the rest of the Heads of the Frondeurs and the Prince compleated so Noble a day's work by telling the Queen That he lookt upon himself to be very happy in having fulfill'd the Promise that he made her to bring back the King To which her Majeâ—ty reply'd Sir This Service which you have done the Kingdome is so great that the King and my self should be very ungrateful should we ever forget it One of the Prince's Servants who 〈…〉 this Discourse told him That his great 〈…〉 him tremble and that he was afraid 〈…〉 was no more than a Reproach I 〈…〉 reply'd the Prince however I have per 〈…〉 what I promis'd When good Services are 〈…〉 atred takes place of Acknowledgment 〈…〉 the Prince found to be true For all that 〈…〉 in favour of the Cardinal was one of 〈…〉 which his Mortifications had in 〈…〉 that spurr'd him on to ruin him 〈…〉 purpose all things were to be so order'd 〈…〉 the Froâ—deurs nor the D. of Orleans should 〈…〉 the Prince And to that effect 〈…〉 the Hatred and Aversion which they 〈…〉 had for him and which was renew'd 〈…〉 to time in regard the Prince sometimes 〈◊〉 to â—e reconcil'd to 'em and embrace their 〈…〉 had shew'd himself to be their 〈◊〉 Enemy◠〈…〉 all the Artifices which the Cardinal 〈…〉 to incline the Frondeurs to rejoice at the 〈…〉 this was the chiefest 〈…〉 had receiv'd a Note which gave him 〈…〉 That the Frondeurs had a Design upon 〈…〉 and that they had resolv'd to Assassinate 〈…〉 over Ponâ—neuf This Note he shew'd 〈…〉 the Duke of Orleans and the Cardinâ—◠〈◊〉 seem'd to be as much surpriz'd as the rest 〈…〉 some Consultation what course to take 〈…〉 the truth 't was resolv'd to the end they 〈…〉 themselves without exposing the Perso◠〈…〉 Duke That his Coachman should drive 〈…〉 over Pontneuf with the Curtains drawn 〈…〉 were in it which was done while 〈…〉 the mean time stay'd at a Bathing-House 〈…〉 Event So soon as the Coach was 〈…〉 before the Brazen-Horse the Coach was 〈…〉 certain persons unknown who fir'd their Blunderbusses into it and wounded a Lacquey belonging to the Count of Duras who rode at the Tail of the Coach Of which the Prince having immediate notice demanded Justice of the King and the Queen against the Frondeurs The Cardinal also seem'd to outdo himself upon this occasion for his Diligence and his Zeal exceeded the Care and Sedulity of the Prince's nearest Relations and most Cordial Friends In the mean time the Frondeurs seeing such a quick and dangerous Accusation taking root against 'em believ'd it at first to be an Artifice of the Prince's to ruin ' em However they were nothing daunted and tho the report ran that the Prince would prosecute his Revenge with all manner of Violence the Duke of Beaufort made no sâ—â—uple to visit Marshal Grammonâ— at a time that the Prince supp'd with him and there spent the remainder of the Evening without the least shew of being concern'd The Coadjutor and he made use of all the ways imaginable to justifie their Innocency to the Prince and the Marquess of Noirmoustier offer'd on their behalf to join with the whole house of Conde against the Cardinal But the Prince who was no less exasperated for the little respect they had shew'd him upon other occasiâ—ons as out of a perswasion not to be vanquish'd that they had a design to Assassinate him stopt his ears against all their Justifications and laid aside all other thoughts but of doing himself Justice with the Consent of the Court or else of demanding Justice from the Parliament The first Resolution was too violent neither did it agree with the Cardinal 's conceal'd Design and the effect of the other was too tedious and dubious Nevertheless because it was the intention of the Court to refer this business to the Parliament on purpose to mortify the Prince with delays and the vexation to see himself as it were a Suppliant at the Feet of the Judges the Cardinal wâ—nted not specious pretences to perswade the Prince to take that course Thereupon he made his complaint to the Palace in the usual forms and during the whole course of that Affair the Cardinal 〈◊〉 â—he pleasure to draw him into all those Snares 〈◊〉 he had laid for him In the mean time the Duke of Beaufort and the Coadjutor demanded that they might be admitted to justifie themselves which being granted both Parties quitted all other ways aâ—d adhered only to the practice of the Palace But â—he Prince soon understood
Monsieur le Tellier said that the King's Coffers were so much exhausted that all Expences were to be avoided and that there were places in the Kingdom in which the Princes might be securely Guarded by the Garrison only Several were propos'd before Havre was mention'd but some Inconveniencies or other being found in all of them it was finally propos'd Monsieur opposed it violently by reason that he remembred that but three Months before when the Princes were to be remov'd from Vincennes elsewhere the Coadjutor and the Duke of Beaufort refused to consent to their being remov'd to that place and had protested to oppose it with all their might in case it were attempted The Cardinal seeing that Monsieur declar'd that he would not consent to their being carry'd to that place reply'd that the Queen who was to give him notice of her Designs was not oblig'd to follow his Sentiments Monsieur had much ado not to flye out to some Extremity against his Eminency The Queen assum'd the Discourse again immediately and press'd Monsieur anew either to take the Princes into his own Custody or to permit them to be remov'd to Havre assuring him that he should have as much Authority there as in Marcoussy and that the Princes should be guarded by the same Person who was engag'd not to deliver them unless by hers and his Orders and by a Command Sign'd by both To this the Queen added very earnest entreaties insomuch that Monsieur yielded to what she desir'd Within a few hours after this a Man of Quality representing to Monsieur the Importance and Consequences of that Removal and the Prejudice he would receive by it he immediately sent to Monsieur Le Tellier to Command him not to dispatch the said Orders But the Cardinal who dreaded this change of Mind had order'd Monsieur Le Tellier to remove from Fâ—ntainbleau and not to return till Night during which time the Orders were dispatch'd to De Bar all things were disposd for the departure of the Princes and the Forces destin'd to Conduct them being arriv'd at Marcoussy put themselves on their March with them towards Havre Monsieur Le Tellier being return'd home was oblig'd to wait upon Monsieur who forbid him sending any Orders to De Bar. Monsieur Le Tellier answeâ—'d that the Princes went away in the Morning and were upon their March whereupon the Duke of Orleance express'd a great deal of Anger he sent immediately for the Lord-Keeper and after having express'd his Resentment to him he told him that he could not approve this Removal and that the Queen to whom he had not been able to refuse it should vanquish him by Reason and not by Pâ—ayers The Queen made him some Reproaches about it at Night and Monsieur being unwilling to fall out with her the Princes were conducted to Havre on the fifteenth of November by Count d' Harcourt who by that Emyloyment so much below his Birth and Courage blasted the Lawrels of his most Famous Victories The Princes Friends and Servants were sensibly concern'd at this Removal especially because the Measures they had taken for their Rescue were thereby absolutely defeated They had for a considerable while cunningly establish'd a Correspondence with their Guards and had omitted nothing to gain them Moreover they had gain'd some of the Inferiour Officers who had made themselves sure of a certain number of Souldiers besides four of the seven Guards which commonly tarry'd in the Anti-chamber A Corps de Guard of Fourteen Men was kept under the Prince of Conde's Window upon a Terrass adjoyning to a Pond They had resolv'd to launch a Boat made of Leather into it which the Workman was to conduct close to the said Terrass The day being set the four Guards of the Anti-chamber who had been gain'd were to seize the Arms of the others and to dispatch them in case of Resistance Those of the Chamber were to be stab'd at the same time with Daggers that had been convey'd to the Prince who afterwards being favour'd by the Corps de Guard of the Terrass was to get out of his Window into the Boat and should have been drawn out of the Ditch by Arnauld and receiv'd by a Body of Horse commanded by the Duke of Nemours But unfortunately some of those who were most zealous for the Princes being heated with Wine or an inconsiderate Zeal declar'd publickly in Paris that those Illustrious unfortunate Princes ought to be rescu'd out of Marcoussy which the Duke of Orleance being acquainted with he immediately dispatch'd new Orders to de Bar to double his Guards because there was some Plot on foot This Man executed Monsieur's Orders and made use of his Adviceâ— To the seven former Guards of the Anti-chamber he added three new ones whereby the Prince judging that the Plot was discover'd he immediately acquainted his Friends therewith desiring them at the same time not to put it in Execuâ—ion Some days after it de Bar no longer fearing any thing restor'd things to their former state and remov'd the three new Guards The Prince gave his Friends notice of it and as they were preparing to execute their Design the Order came to Marcoussy to carry the Princes to Havre After their being carry'd thither the Cardinal pull'd off his Mask and judging himself above any Cabals he directly refus'd to procure the Cardinal's Cap Madame de Chevreuse had so often requested of him for the Coadjutor This proceeding of the Cardinal 's extreamly exasperated both Madame de Chevreuse and the Coadjutor and disposed them to side with those who desired the Liberty of the Princes nay moreover to use their utmost Endeavours with Monsieur to incline him to do the same At that time the Garrison of Rhetel committing great Devastations in Champayne and those Devastations affording the Cardinal's Enemies an occasion to complain of his Conduct he departed on the first of October to besiege that place which Monsieur de Turenne had made himself Master of sometime before with the Army he commanded which was composed of the Spanish Forces those of Lorrain and of such of the Princes he had been ablâ— to preserve He was received in all the Cities of Champayne with such demonstrations of Honour and Respect as extreamly surpriz'd the Princes Friends He stay'd some days at Chalons in order to hasten all necessary Preparations while the Forces assembled which were to form an Army of Twelve Thousand Men to be Commanded by the Marshal Du Plessis Praslin When the said Army was assembled about Reims Monsieur de Turenne fatigu'd it by such frequent Skirmishes and by such vigorous Attacks that he forc'd it to Encamp within the City it self where it remain'd several days without the leaâ—â— Action in expectation of the Cardinal As soon as he was arrived it was resolv'd to March strait to Rhetel and to Besiege it This succeeded sooner and better than they had believ'd The Treachery and Cowardice of Delli Ponti Governour of
particular Conferâ—nces with the Queen upon that Subject he sent back Gourville who hâ—d been dispatch'd to him from the Duke de la Rochefoucault to offer the Prince whatever he had demanded for himself and for his Friends together with the disposal of the Government of Blaâ—e without requiring any other Conditions on his side than those Servient and de Lionne had demanded in the first Project of the Treaty which was made at Paris at his coming out of Prison Moreover Monsieur de Chateauneuf offer'd other Propositions of Accommodation by the said Gourville but whereas they tended to hinder the Cardinal's Return his Offers could not equal those the Queen had made him by the Duke of Bouillon He only offer'd to remain inseparably united to the Prince after the Cardinal's overthrow and to allow him whatever share he should desire in the Government of Affairs The Court offer'd besides to consent to an Interview between him and the Duke of Orleance at Richelieu there to Examine together the Conditions of a sincere Peace whereunto the Court seem'd to be sincerely inclin'd But it was the Misfortune of France and his own that he refus'd to hearken to so many Advantageous Proffers being vexâ—d that the Queen's offers should be made by the Duke of Bouillon's means by reason that he had expected that the said Duke and his Brother would be very considerable to his Party being sensible that none could maintain the Posts of Bellegarde and Stenay like them and that besides the old Troops he had left there to be Commanded by the Marshal of Turenne thereby remain'd useless and were in danger of being dissipated or defeated He consider'd besides that the Measures he had taken with the Spaniards towards Champain would be of no effect and that neither his own Troops nor the Spaniards should be able to find out a Chief to fill up that Post with that Esteem the World had for Monsieur de Turenne All these Reasons touch'd the Prince sensibly and tho' he endeavour'd to conceal his Resentments he could not forbear answering the Duke of Bouillon pretty smartly That it was not Honourable to hearken to Propositions one had no mind to effectuate That he should declare himself according to his Promise That Monsieur de Turenne should repair at the Head of the Forces that were gone to Stenay and that then he would be in a condition to hearken to the offers of the Court and to make an Honourable Treaty Gourville was sent back with the said Answer and order'd to acquaint the Duke of Orleance with the Reasons for which he refus'd an Interview at Richelieu The chief were That the aim of the said Conference was not to make a Peace but only to hinder him from making War That while the whole Kingdom was at the point of Declaring against the Court and the Spaniards were preparing considerable Succours of Men Money and Ships endeavours were us'd to engage him upon a Publick Negotiation the very tumour of which would hinder his Levies and debauch all those from him which were going to embrace his Party Besides these general Reasons there were more particular ones which did not permit him to trust his Interests in the Duke of Orleance's hands being jealous of his strict Engagements with the Coadjutor of Paris his declar'd Enemy as well as that Prelate's with the Court which had newly promis'd him a Cardinal's Cap. This Incident put him upon a very strange Resolution for finding that the Coadjutor either out of Interest or Pride affected to cross him continually he form'd the Design of seizing him in Paris Whatever difficulty this Enterprize seem'd to be attended with Gourville undertook it after having receiv'd the Princes Order for it in Writing and the Coadjutor had certainly been taken one Evening he went to the Hostel of Chevreuse had he come back in his own Coach but having discharg'd it together with his Attendance the Coach that carry'd him home again could not be distinguish'd with certainty in so much that the Business was put off for some days and afterwards discover'd those that are employ'd on such Occasions having seldom Discretion enough to rest satisfy'd with the knowledge one thinks fit to give them or Fidelity and Secresie enough to put it safely in Execution Thus all things were dispos'd for War on all sides Monsieur de Chateauneuf who at that time was Head or President of the Council had caus'd the Couâ—t to repair to Bourges where the King's Presence instantly restor'd that City to its former Obedience At the Report of those happy beginnings the Prince of Conty Madame de Longueville and Monsieur de Nemours were oblig'd to quit Montrond with their Forces to retire into Guienne They left the Chevalier de Riviere expiring he dy'd the same day regretted by all those who knew him for besides his being possess'd of all the Qualifications requir'd in a compleat Gentleman few Persons of his Age have given so many proofs of Conduct Fidelity and Generosity being free from all Self-Interest as he had done in so many hazardous Enterprizes in which he had been employ'd The Marquess de Pergan remain'd Governour of that place which was block'd up by a small Body lodg'd at St. Amand of which Palluau was Lieutenant-General The Court was come as far as Poitiers and Monsieur de Chateauneuf insisted to remove it to Angoulesme considering that since the War was only grounded upon the pâ—etence of the Cardinal's Return it was necessary to improve his Absence and that it was sufficient for the Interest of the State and yet more for his own in particular to continue his said Absence He likewise insisted that the King's Presence was a powerful Motive to keep the people in awe at the Birth of these Disorders That in drawing near the Prince who was neither certain of Guienne nor of the Parliament of Bourdeaux his Designs might easily be dissipated whereas on the contrary they would be strengthen'd by the absence of the Court But thâ—se Counsels of Chateauneuf rais'd too much Jealousie in the Cardinal's Friends to be follow'd at Poitiers without having first been examin'd at Cologne And whereas they were forc'd to tarry for his Orders their delays and diversity caus'd continual Irresolutions and kept the Court incertain at Poitiers until his Return which follow'd soon after On the other hand the Baron of Batteville was arriv'd in the River of Bourdeaux with the Spanish Fleet composd of Eight Men of War and some Fire-ships He fortify'd Talmond where there was a Body of foot of 1500 Men. The City of Saintes had surrender'd it self without Resistance Taillebourg which has a Port upon the Charante was pretty well fortify'd and the Prince was Master of the River as far as Angoulesme excepting Coignac The Count of Ionsac the King's Lieutenant in Saintonge and Governour of Coignac was there in Person to the end that place might serve him to make his Conditions the better in the Party he
a strong Garrison And therefore he resolv'd to throw the Regiment of Foot of Conty into it and to take possession of one of the Gates of the City in order to oblige the People to receive a Garrison But whereas this Design was not kept secret it was soon rumour'd throughout the City Upon which the Inhabitants immediately betook themselves to their Arms and made Barricadoes The Prince of Conde being inform'd therewith got on Horse-back to stop the Tumult by his Presence and to remain Master of the Gate of Grave until the aforesaid Regiment had taken possession of it But the arrival of the Souldiers increas'd the Disorder instead of appeasing it They entred and made a halt in the first Street and tho' the Prince of Conde the Prince of Conty and all the Officers endeav'd to appease the Disorder they could not hinder the Streets from being barricado'd in a moment However the People still preserv'd their Respect towards the Prince of Conde and towards all the General Officers but at the same time the Animosity increas'd in all places where his Presence was wanting It was impossible that things should remain long in that condition the Souldiers as I have already related had taken Possession of the Gate of Grave and half the adjoyning Street The People were in Arms all the Streets were barricado'd and Corps â—e Guards plac'd every where Night drew on which would have increas'd the Disorder and the Prince of Conde found himself necessitated either to quit the Town shamefully or cause it to be pâ—ilag'd and burnt either of which apparently would have ruin'd his Affairs For if he quitted the Town the King's Forces would be receivd into it and if he burnt it it would occasion the Revolt of the whole Province against him Those Reasons induc'd him to endeavour an Accommodation which in appearance might save his Authority and serve for a pretence to Pardon the Inhabitants of Agen. The Duke de la Rochefoucault spoke to some of the most considerable Citizens and prevail'd with them to go to the Town-Hall there to Depute some among them to the Prince to beg his Pardon and to intreat him to come to their Assembly there to prescribe the means to preserve Agen in the Submission and Loyalty they had sworn to him The Prince accordingly went thither and told them that it had always been his Intention to preserve their Freedom entire and that the only end for which he had sent Souldiers thither was to ease them and help them to Guard the City but that since they did not desire it he was willing to remove them provided the City would raise a Regiment of Foot at their own Charge and give him the Names of the Officers These Conditions were easily agreed to the Barricado's were remov'd the Souldiers march'd out again and the City remain'd in appearance as quiet and full of Submission as it was before the Sedition The Prince of Conde who could not confide in those Appearances remain'd some time in Agen to put the City in its former state again at which time he receiv'd the News that the Army from Flanders Commanded by the Duke of Nemours and the Duke of Orleance's Forces Commanded by the Duke of Beaufort were joyn'd and on their March towards the River Loire This Joy was notwithstanding mix'd with some Disquiet On the one hand he saw an Army from Spain he had so long expected in the middle of the Kingdom which might come to the Relief of Montroâ—d or to joyn with him in Guienne But at the same time he was also inform'd that the Dukes of Nemours and of Beaufort could no ways agree and that their Division was grown to a very dangerous pitch Their Armies being separate it was impossible for them to keep the Field before the King's Army Commanded by the Marshals of Turenne and Hoquincourt reinforc'd by the Troops â—he Cardinal had brought along with him besides the Neighbourhood of the Court The Duke of Nemours's Orders were to cross the River of Loire in order to relieve Montrond and to March immediately towards Guienne whereas the Orders the Duke of Beaufort daily receiv'd from the Duke of Orleance were directly opposite Monsieur could not consent that the Army should march away so far from Paris fearing lest the People or the Parliament should alter their minds seeing the Duke of Nemours's Army march into Guienne while the King 's remain'd in their Neighbourhood The Coadjutor of Paris in whom Monsieur confided most at that time seconded this Advice and augmented the fear and Natural Iâ—resolutions of that Prince By keeping the Army on this side the River Loire he made it of no use to the Prince of Conde whose Enemy he was and made himself more considerable at Court by shewing that being Master of Monsieur's Conduct it was in his power to advance or keep back the Progress of the Army and thus omitted no means to obtain a Cardinal's Cap. Chavigny on his side harbour'd as great Designs he expected to govern Monsieur by making him senâ—â—â—le that â—e govern'd the Prince and flatter'd himâ—â—â—â— to become Master of the Prince's Conduct by shewing him he was Master of Monsieur's His Projects did not stop there from the very beginning of the War he had taken his Measures to become â— Negotiator of Peace and had united himself to the Duke of Roâ—an believing that he might be equally useful to him with Monsieur and with the Prince He likewise thought he had taken all necessary precautions towards the Cardinal by means of Fabret Governour of Sedan and whereas he â—ut no Bounds to his Ambition and his Hopes he did not question but in making a particular Peace he should be chosen with the Cardinal to conclude the General Peace He fancy'd moreover that making use of the Credit the Prince of Conde could give him among the Spaniards he should have all the Credit of the Good Successes and the Cardinal on the contrary all the Shame and blame of â—he ill Events And that thus he should enter into the Ministry of Affairs again either with the Glory of having concluded the Peace or with the Advantage of laying the blame of it on Mazarin in case it should not be effected In order thereunto he writ several times to the Prince to press him to quit Guienne he represented to him how necessary his Presence was in the Army that in suffering it to be destroy'd he would lose his last Stake but that in making Progresses in the heart of the Kingdom and in the King's sight he would not only immediately retrieve his Affairs in Guienne but all the rest of his Party The Prince of Conde suffer'd himself easily to be perswaded by Chavigny's Reasons but the principal Motive which induc'd him to it was his desire of quitting Guienne at a time when the weakness of his Army oblig'd him continually to fly before Count d' Harcourt He communicated his Design to the Duke de la Rochefoucault
advanc'd and the Prince of Marsillac who chanc'd to be Twelve or Fifteen Yards behind the Squadron that gave ground turn'd back upon an Officer whom he â—â—â—â—'d between the two Squadrons The Prince of Conde as I have declar'd already stopt his and forc'd it to turn back upon his Enemies who had not dar'd to pursue it for fear of its being sustain'd by some Infantry During this Disorder Thirty Horse had cross'd the Defile The Prince of Conde plac'd himself immediately at the Head of them with the Duke de la Rochefoucault and attacking Marshal d' Hoquincourt in the Flank he caus'd him to be charg'd in the Front by the Squadron where he had lost the Duke of Beaufort This made an end of overthrowing the Enemies of which part threw themselves into Bleneau and the rest were pursu'd three or four Leagues towards Auxere without their endeavouring to Rally They lost all their Baggage and Three Hundred Horse were taken This Overthrow might have been greater had not the Prince been inform'd that Marshal Turenne's Army was in sight This News oblig'd him to retire to his Foot who had quitted their Post to Plunder and having rally'd his Forces he march'd towards Marshal Turenne who plac'd his Army in Battle in a very large Plain within less than Musquet-shot of a very large Wood through the midst of which the Prince of Conde was oblig'd to March to come up to him This Passage was large enough of it self to March two Squadrons a-breast But whereas it was very Marshy and that several Ditches had been made to drain it there was no coming to the Plain without making Defiles The Prince of Conde finding it possess'd by his Enemies threw his Infantry to the Right and Left into the Wood which border'd it in order to keep the Enemy at a distance from it and it succeeded according to his desires For Marshal Turenne dreading the Inconveniency of the Musquetry quitted his Post to take another at a little more distance and upon a higher Ground than the Prince's This Movement perswaded the Prince that he was retiring towards Gien and that it would be easie to beat him in the disorder of his Retreat before he could reach it To this end he caus'd his Cavalry to advance and made hast to make six Squadrons pass the Defiles in order to enter the Plain but the Marshal of Turenne being sensible how disadvantageous it would be for him to Combat the Prince in the Plain he having a Victorious Army that was much stronger than his resolv'd to turn back with Sword in hand upon those six Squadrons in order to defeat those that were past and to stop the remainder of the Forces that were still on the other side of the Defile The Prince guessing at his Intention caus'd his Horse to retire again and thus the Defiles hindring them from coming at one another without great disadvantage they only caus'd their Artillery to advance on both sides and fir'd a very considerable while at one another but with a very different success for besides that the Marshal of Turenne's having more Artillery and better Guns than his Enemy's it had the Advantage of a higher Ground over the Princes Forces which being very close in the passage which separated the Wood most of the shot did light upon them and they lost above sixscore Men and several Officers among which was Mare Brother to the Marshal of Grancey The remainder of the day past in this manner At the 〈◊〉 of the Sun the Marshal of Turenne retir'd 〈◊〉 Gien the Marshal of Hoquincourt who 〈◊〉 joyn'd him since his Defeat remain'd in the 〈◊〉 of the Army and going with some Officers 〈◊〉 draw out the Squadron that was nearest to the â—â—â—ily he was discover'd by the Prince who sent him word that he would be glad to see him and â—hat he might advance upon his Parole He did â—haâ— the Prince desir'd and advancing with some Officers he met the Prince accompany'd by the Dukes de la Rochefoucault and of Beaufort and two or three more The Conversation pass'd in Civiliâ—iesâ— and Railleries on the Prince's side and in Justifications on the Marshal's for what had happen'd to him complaining of Monsieur de Turenne 〈◊〉 in reality and Justice it might be said that he 〈◊〉 perform'd two brave and very bold Actions thâ—t day the success of which sav'd both him and thâ— Court For as soon as he receiv'd Intelligence thâ—t the Marshal of Hoquincourt's Brigade which waâ— to joyn him the next day was attack'd he march'd with a very small number of Men to the place where he was met in Battalia where he â—arry'd all the day for the remainder of his Forces exposing himself thereby to an inevitable Defeat had the Prince march'd up directly towards him instead of pursuing the Forces he had defeated in the Night for two or three Leagues He also sav'd that very day the remainders of the King's Army with great Valour and Conduct when he turn'd back upon the six Squadrons of the Prince that had past the Defily and by that Action stopt an Army which without doubt would have destroy'd hâ—â— utterly could it once have been plac'd in Order of Battel in the same Plain where he was The King's Army being retir'd the Prince march'd his towards Chatillon and that Night lodg'd in the Quarters upon the Canal of Briare near La Bruslerie The next day he repair'd to Chatillon with all his Forces the which he left two days after under the Command of Clinchant and Count Tavannes in order to go to Paris with the Dukes of Beaufort and de la Rochefoucault That Journey was of greater Consequence than it appear'd to him at that time and I am perswaded that the only desire of going to Paris there to receive the general Applause which the Success of so perillous a Journey and so great a Victory deserv'd made him approve Chavigny's Reasons who earnestly desir'd to be countenanc'd by the Prince's presence and Authority in order to fill up the place which the Cardinal of Rets held in the Duke of Orleance's favour He was in hopes as I have already declar'd to render himself equally considerable to those two Princes by perswading each of them that he was the real promoter of their Union besides he fancy'd that it was the easiest way to succeed in his Project with Fabert He therefore press'd the Prince to come to Paris in order to oppose the Progress the Cardinal of Rets made upon the Duke of Orleance's Mind and to improve the favourable disposition the Parliament was in at that time having made a Decree by which they had proscrib'd and put a Price upon Cardinal Mazarin's Head Whatever Impressions Chavigny's Counsels made upon the Prince it is certain that he follow'd them he was receiv'd at Paris with so many Acclamations and such Testimonies of publick Joy that he did not think he had any cause to Repent his Journey All things remain'd for a
them and expos'd themselves to no purpose to all the Shot of the Barricado and of the Houses of the Square for in joyning they knew themselves to be all of the same Party But at the same time perceiving some astonishment in those who guarded the Barricado the Dukes of Nemours Beaufort de la Rochefoucault and the Prince of Marsillac charg'd them and forc'd them to quit it After which they alighted and guarded it themselves the Infantry that was Commanded refusing to second them The Prince of Conde stood firm in the Street with those that had rally'd about him In the mean time the Enemies who were possess'd of all the Houses of the Street seeing the Barricado guarded only by four Men would certainly have re-taken it had not the Prince's Squadron hindred them but there being no Infantry to hinder their Firing from the Windows they began to Fire again from all sides and saw the four who kept the Barricade side-ways from head to foot The Duke of Nemouâ—s receiv'd Thirteen Shot upon his Armour the Duke de la Rochefoucault likewise receiv'd a Musquet-shot in the Face above the Eyes by which he losing his sight the Duke of Beaufort and the Prince of Marsillac were oblig'd to retire with these two wounded Lords The Enemies pursu'd them but the Prince of Conde advanc'd to dis-engage them and gave them time to get on Horse back in so much that they were again oblig'd to abandon to the King's Forces the Post they had just taken from them Almost all those who had been with them in the Square were kill'd or wounded among others they lost the Marquesses of Flamarin and de la Rocheguiffard the Count of Castres the Count de Bossâ—â— Desfourâ—eaux La Martiniere La Motte Gayonne Bercenes Captain of the Guards to the Duke de la Rochefoucault de L' Huilliere who likewise belong'd to him and many others whose Names cannot be set down here In fine the Number of the Dead and Wounded was so considerable on both sides that both Parties seem'd rather intent to repair their Losses than to attack their Enemies This kind of Truce however was most advantageous to the King's Forces who were disgusted by so many Attacks in which they had still been â—eaten and repuls'd for during those Transactions the Marshal de la Ferte march'd with all speed and was preparing to make a new Effort with his fresh and entire Army when the Parisians who till â—hen had been Spectators of so great an Action declar'd in favour of the Prince of Conde They had been so much prejudic'd by the Arts of the Court and of the Cardinal of Rets and had been perswaded to that degree that the Prince had made a Peace by himself without minding their Interests that they did look upon the beginning of that Action as a Play that was acted between him and Cardinal Mazarin to blind them The Duke of Orleance confirm'd them in that thought by his giving no Orders in the City to Succour the Prince The Cardinal of Rets was with him who still augmented the Trouble and Irreâ—olution of his Mind in proposing Difficulties to whatever he would undertake On the other hand St. Anthony's Gate was guarded by a Regiment of the Train-bands whose Officers being gain'd by the Court almost equally hindred People from going out or coming into the City Finally all things were ill dispos'd to receive the Prince and his Forces there when Mademoiselle making an Effort upon her Father's Mind drew him out of the Lethargy in which he had been kept by the Cardinal of Reâ—s She went to the Town-House to order the Citizens to take Arms and at the same time commanded the Governour of the Bastille to fire his Ordnance upon the King's Forces and coming back to St. Anthony's Gate she not only dispos'd all the Ciâ—izens to receive the Prince and his Army but moreover to March out and to make some Skirmishes while his Forces were entring That which made an end of moving the People in the Prince of Conde's behalf was to see so many Persons of Quality carry'd back both dead and wounded The Duke de la Rochefoucault being willing to improve that favourable Conjuncture for the Advantage of his Party although his Wound made both his Eyes almost come out of his Head went on Horse-back from the place where he was wounded to the Fauxbourg St. German exhorting the People to assist the Prince of Conde and for the future to distinguish better the Intention of those who had accus'd him of having treated with the Court. This for a while had the Effect he desir'd and Paris was never better affected to the Prince than it was at that time In the mean time the noise of the Canon of the Bastille produc'd at one and the same time two very different Sentiments in Cardinal Mazarin's Mind for at first he believ'd that Paris was Declaring against the Prince and that he was going to Triumph over that City and over his Enemy But finding that instead thereof they fir'd upon the King's Forces he sent Orders to the Marshals of France to retire with the Army and to March back to St. Denis That Day prov'd one of the most Glorious of the Prince of Conde's Life his Valour and his Conduct never had a greater share in any of his Victories and it may be said with Truth that so many Persons of Quality never made a smaller number of Men fight The Colours were carried to Notre Dame and all the Officers were put at Liberty upon their Parole Notwithstanding this the Negotiations were continued every Cabal was desirous to make the Peace or to hinder the others from doing it and the Prince and Cardinal were absolutely resolv'd not to make it Chavigâ—y had made his Peâ—ce 〈◊〉 the Prince in Appearance but it would be difficult to tell what his Sentiments had been â—ill then by reason that his natural Levity daily inspired him with such as were directly opposite he was for pushing things to Extremity when ever he had any Prospect of destroying â—he Cardinal and of enâ—ring into the Ministry of Affairs again and he was for begging a Peace whenever he imagined his Lands should be Pillag'd and his Houses pâ—ll'd down Nevertheless at that time he chanc'd to be of Opinion with the rest that it would be proper to profit of the good Disposition the People was in and to propose an Assembly â—t the Townâ—House in order to resolve to have the Duke of Orleance acknowledge'd Lieutenant General of the Crown of France That they should enter into an inseparable Union to procure the removal of the Cardinal and that the Duke of Beaufort should be invested with the Government of Paris in the room of the Marshal de L' Hospital that Broussel should be made Prevost des Merchands or Lord Mayor in the room of Le Febure But that Assembly in which they expected to find the safety of the Party prov'd one of the
Chiefs who till then had met with nothing that could â—ppose them but also that it was very dangerous since the King was resolv'd upon a general Assault and to give no Quarter He added to this that all the Privileges of the Citizens of Dole should be preserv'd That in changing their Government they should not be the less happy and finally that they must determine instantly The Parliament was strangely perplex'd but having consider'd that it would be better to submit on the Conditions that were propos'd to them than to run the hazard of seeing a whole City in a Flame and of being expos'd to the Hostility of the Souldiers they gave Count Grammont full Satisfaction and he carry'd Hostages along with them for the assurance of the Reduction of that Place The Capitulation was Sign'd on the 14 th The King also took Grai on the 19 th The Castles of Iou and St. Anne also surrender'd themselves insomuch that in less than a Month the whole Franche Comté was reduc'd The Spaniards in order to stop the Torrent of the French Conquests desir'd a Cessation of Arms which was granted them till May and by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle which was made the same Year the Franche Comté was restor'd to the King of Spain Nothing considerable pass'd in relation to the Prince of Conde until the Year 1672. when the King of France declar'd War to the Hollanders We will enter upon no Particulars here since no body can be ignorant of the Motives and Pretences of that War in which the United Princes were like 〈◊〉 have been subdu'd by a Prince who aim'd at the Uâ—â—vâ—â—sal Monarchy of Europe and could not 〈◊〉 fail'd of his Ends had he subdu'd that flouriâ—â—ing Republick of which God has hitherto deâ—â—â—â—â—â— himself the Protector We will only say 〈…〉 as the King of France had resolv'd upâ—â— that War and to that end assembled an Army of upwards of a Hundred thousand Men he dirided it into three Bodies of which he Commandâ—â—â—he Chief in Person and gave the two others â—o the Prince of Conde and to Count Chamilly The Forces the King was to command had their Rendezvous near Charleroy and the Prince of 〈◊〉 Army about Sedan â— consisting of 40000 Mâ—â— The Prince was the first that march'd away the King was the second and Count Chamilly follow'd in order to joyn them after which they 〈◊〉 all three towards Mastricht and incampt 〈◊〉 five or six Leagues from thence Some days after a Council of War was held in which the Duke of Orleance the Prince of Conde and Monsieâ—r de Turenne assisted The first Advices inclin'd to besiege Mastricht but upon consideraâ—ion â—hat it was a dangerous Undertaking they marâ—hed towards the Rhine The Body that was commanded by the Prince of Conde march'd first the King 's followed and the two Armies marchâ—â— for seven or eight Days together without meeting any Forces excepting Two hundred Men in a Retrenchment the which the Prince took Prisonersâ— the Chevalier de la Rochefoucault Brother to the Prince of Marsillue was â—â—â—ll'd in that occaâ—â—on The Prince of Conde having marched on â—aid Siege to Wesel while the King besieg'd Orsoy and Moâ—sieur de Turenne Burik As soon as the Prince came before that Town he caus'd a Battery to be raised upon the side of the Rhine to cut off the Communication thereof and having taken some other Precautions he made his Lines and attack'd the Fort de la Lippe with so much vigour that he took it It was a Post of very great Consequence The taking thereof cast the Besieged into so great a Consternation that they desir'd a Suspension of Arms until the next day about Noon this Suspension being granted them they sent two Deputies to the Prince to let him know that they were very much surprized that his most Christian Majesty should attack them since they were Subjects to the Elector of Brandenburg and that the States General were only in possession of the Gates Rampaâ—ts and Fortifications without exercising any Jurisdiction in the Town and that therefore they desired their City might be declared Neuter But that Proposition was not relished The Prince of Conde continued his Attacks and caâ—sed the Trenches to be made Fasciâ—es to be carried to the side of the Ditch and finally disposed all things in order to make way for the Miner In the mean time the Besieged having caused some Pieces of Cannon to be placed upon their Ramparts for the most par'd dismounted they made so dreadful a Fire that they kill'd above 4000 French Thaâ— Defence as vigorous as it was did not hinder the Continuation of that Siege The Prince of Condâ— attack'd the Counterscarp and as soon as it was taken and his Men lodged upon it the Besieged did capitulate This place being of great Consequence and able to have held out much longer than it did the â—â—vernour was condemn'd to lose his Head but he having given sufficient Reasons for his Surrendring it at the time he did the Sentence was not executed The Prince of Conde marched from Wesel to 〈◊〉 which surrender'd immediately and from 〈◊〉 â—o Eâ—â—rik which made no resistance neither 〈◊〉 which was besieged by the King surâ—â—â—dred at that time for which the Governour 〈◊〉 his Head The King of France who had not expected those placeâ— would have been taken so easily being deâ—â—â—â—â—s to push on his Conquests was stopt by the 〈◊〉 of the States General which ran to the defeâ—â—e of Issâ—l which is a River that covers all that â—â—rt of the Country he design'd to make himself Master of He resolved to pass the said River bâ—t whereas it was very deep and the Banks of a very difficult ascent he was willing to have the Pâ—ince of Conde's Advice before he attempted any thiâ—g and accordingly he writ to him about it Although the Prince of Conde was used to great Eâ—terprizes he looked upon that to be very dangâ—roâ—s and answered the King that it was imprâ—cticable but that he advised him to attempt to cross the Rhine where the Hollanders were not uâ—â—n their Guard The Prince who was desirous 〈◊〉 facilitate the Conquest of Holland to the King â—â—ving brib'd a Gentleman of that Country the â—â—â—d Genâ—leman show'd him a Fooâ—d towards Tolâ—â—â—â—â— where the Water was so shallow at the Enâ—râ—nce and at the going out that there was not â—bâ—ve Two hundred Foot to swim Count de Gâ—iche made a tryal of it in order to be satisfied of the truth and having found it wadeable in thaâ— place by the tryal he made of it himself with oâ—e of his Gentlemen he acquainted the Prince of Conde therewith who immediately gave an account of it to the King That Monarch was so delighted with that News that he instantly quitted his Camp with his Houshould and having leâ—t the Command of the remainder of his Army to Monsieur de Turenne went to joyn the Prince The Dutch receiving some Intelligence of
Battle The Prince of Conde who did not love him replied in a disdainful manner That he did not ask his Advice To which he added That he had never been deceiv'd in his Opinion of him which was that he was much fitter to advise and reason than to fight These Words stung this Officer to the quick who certainly was very brave He march'd away that very moment without a Reply and pass'd a Defily in order to charge the Prince of Orange's Horse which stood in Battalia and executed the Prince of Conde's Orders but he lost his Life by it as well as most the Officers that follow'd him He liv'd but one Hour after it and a Moment before he died he declar'd That he did not regret his Life since he died for the Service of his Prince but that he should have been very glad to live a few Hours longer to see what would become of the Prince of Conde 's Undertaking or rather to see him perish In the mean time the Prince of Orange was marching to the Relief of the Spaniards and of the Squadrons he had detach'd but he found himself immediately hem'd in by the Run-aways whom he could never stop either by Words Blows Promises or Reproaches The Germans being inform'd of what pass'd came in time to reinforce the Dutch at which time the Battle engag'd and began with great fury on both sides The Prince of Conde having occasion'd the loss of many brave Men was animated to that degree that he exposed himself like the meanest Sâ—â—ldiers The Dutch made a very brave resistance But the Prince of Orange perceiving that he was in danger of losing his Post made three Battallions advance to sustain those that were Before he could post them his Men being press'd by the Prince of Conde retir'd to Fay a Village that stood close by them fortify'd with a Castle and a Church and surrounded with Hedges The Prince of Conde who had no longer any regard for his Men without minding the Losses he had sustain'd in the two preceding Actions order'd Foâ—ces to march that way and having met the three Battalions we have mention'd that had not yet joyn'd the others he put them to flight The next thing was to force the Prince of Orange out of Fay but that did not prove easieâ— that Prince who gave so many proofs of Bravery and Prudence in that occasion being cover'd on oâ—e side by a Marsh and on the other by a Wood which he had lin'd with Infantry But as nothing appear'd impossible to the Prince of Conde hâ— sent the Duke of Luxemburg towards the Wood while he undertook to force the Village with his bâ—st Forces but he met with a brave Resistance oâ— all sides The Duke of Luxemburg was forc'd to retire with the loss of his best Officers and Souldiers and the reason why the Prince did not do the same was that he was resolv'd to overcome at any rate to make Attonement for the loss of so many brave Men he had expos'd without any necessity The remainder of the Officers seeing the first Prince of the Blood expos'd to the utmost Pâ—rils resolv'd to share them with him Never did People expose themselves with more fury noâ— ever was a braver Resistance made The â—â—ench being repuls'd every where made new Efforâ—s 〈◊〉 drove two Battallions of Infantry into a 〈◊〉 which they had posted themselves and charg'd through the Squadrons that sustain'd them but they lost so many Men in that Action that they had no reason to boast of the Advantages they had obtain This dreadful Combat lasted eight Hours by Day-light and two Hours by the Light of the Moon which did set to the extream Grief of the two Generals The Prince of Orange while this Action lasted gave all necessary Orders with an admirable Prudence He neglected no Advantage he could improve and charg'd the French several times at the Head of his Squadrons with that Bravery and Courage he has demonstrated in so many occasions He oppos'd his own Men that were defeated and feâ—â— upon him as well as his Enemies who pursu'd their Victory with great vigour and remain'd engag'd for above six Hours during the greatest heat of the Combat until he was forc'd away by the Runaways He rally'd them several times and charg'd with them afresh In fine he expos'd himself as well as the Prince of Conde to more dangers than the meanest Souldier insomuch that Count de Souches in one of his Letters to the States-General upon that Subject declar'd That during all the time of the Combat that Prince had shown the Conduct of an old General and the Valour of a Caesar â— His Allies and Friends in giving him the Praises and Glory he deserv'd did no more than his very Enemies allow'd They said that the Prince of Conde had multiply'd himself during the Combat and that he had met the Prince of Orange every where But the greatest Testimony he receiv'd of it and that which was most glorious was that which the Prince of Conde gave himself who speaking of that great Monarch said That he had behav'd himself in every thing like an old Captain excepting only his exposinâ— himself to too many dangers wherein he had 〈◊〉 like a young man Nevertheless the Prince of Conde as old as he wasâ— had committed the same fault For as we have already noted he expos'd himself that day as much as the youngest man in the Army when he perceiv'd that the Battel grew bloody and that all was at stake so uncertain the Success did appear The Combat was obstinate on both sides and the two Generals expos'd themselves to that degree that it was evident they had much rather dye than lose the Battel The number of the two Armies being pretty equal at the beginning of the Battel it was computed that the number of the Slain proved also partly equal on both sides and that about 15 or 16000 men had been killed but the French lost more Officers than the Confederates Night having parted the two Armies rather 〈◊〉 the Weariness or Weakness of the Combatâ—â—â—â—â—s the French retir'd to their Camp and two â—â—urs after the Prince of Orange repaird to that which he had design'd for his Army the day beâ—â—reâ— The Confederates pretended the Victoryâ— becauâ—e they remain'd Masters of the Field of Battel and theâ— French challeng'd it by reason that they took a greater number of Prisoners and Standards But without deciding who had the Honour of the Day we may say that the Prince of Orange goâ— a great Victory in not being vanquish'd by the Prince of Conde and the Prince of Conde's Glory 〈◊〉 as greatâ— in not being oveâ—come by the Prince oâ— Orâ—nge After the two Armies had refresh'd themselves and had repair'd as much as they could the Damages they had sustain'd in that bloody Battel they â—â—arched into the Field again and kept the World in expâ—â—tation of a second Engagement before the end of the Campaign The Prince
none approach'd the Throne with so much Respect or spoke to His Majesty with so much Submission as he did And therefore the wisest and most skilful follow'd him in those Occasions to study his way of making his court to the King The Report of his Retirement and of his eminent Qualifications drew abundance of the People out of all the Provinces of France and from the most distant Countries out of curiosity to see the Wonders that were publish'd about it and they always found more than had been told them The favourable reception he made them his obliging Behaviour towards them his Application in giving orders â—o divert them without sparing any Cost what they saw him do whatever they heard him say all charm'd them and they declaâ—â—d afterwards every where that they had found him no less admirable at Chantilly than in Sieges and Combats And therefore whatever care was taken to shew Strangers of consideration the greatest Curiosities in France they were uneasieâ— until they could pay their Respects to the Prince of Conde and have some Conversation with him and when they return'd into their own Country they never fail'd to say We have seen the Prince of Conde But of all the Visits the Prince of Conde receiv'd at Chantilly the most glorious without doubt was that which the King honour'd him with for which his Highness express'd all the Gratitude imaginable He receiv'd his Majesty with all the Respects all the Joy and all the Cheerfulness that could be express'd and shew'd on that occasion an extraordinary Magnificence and Liberality spending Fifty thousand Crowns to treat the King and Court splendidly This great Prince having pass'd near Twenty years in his Retirement of Chantilly in the manner I have related the Thread of his noble Life was cut by an Accident which shew'd to what degree the King's Life was dear to him and how little he valu'd his own compar'd to his Being inform'd that the Dutchess of Bourbon his Grand-Daughter natural Daughter to the King was seiz'd with the Small Pox at Fontainsbleau he left Chantilly notwithstanding his Indisposition on the II. of Nov. 1686. to go to see that Princess He met the Duke of Bourbon and Mademoiselle upon the Road coming back from Fontainsbleau by the King 's express Command upon the first Report of the Small Pox This young Princeâ— and that young Princess endeavour'd to perswade the Prince of Conde to turn back and to expect the News of what should happen at Fountainebleau at Paris They omitted no Tenderness Prayers or Tears to perswade him but they could not prevail the Prince continued his Journey and at his first arrival us'd all the means and precautions imaginable to avoid an Accident like unto that which the Small Pox had caus'd in his Family in 1685. by the Death of the Prince of Conti. And whereas the King was coming into the Dutchess of Bourbon's Room the Prince stop'd him at the Door and by a resistance equally strong and respectful he hinderd his Majesty from coming into a place where the illness of the Air might prove fatal to him after which he fell into a Swoon within four foot of the place As ill as he was he caused himself to be carried several times in a day into her Chamber But finally the ill Air joyn'd to the Fatigue of that last Journey threw him into a condition which soon put a period to his life The Prince of Conde's condition being spread at Court and at Paris a world of Couriers were dispatch'd to him from all the considerable persons of the Kingdom The King who was at Versailles at that time sent two or three whom his Highness received with great Respect and Gratitude The Prince of Conde being detained at Fontainebleau by an illness which made every body so fearful of his Life and the Prince of Conty being confind at Chantilly that Prince who was out of favour at Court wrote a Letter wherein he declar'd That his Disquiets for his Highness's Illness were so great that he could no longer forbear going to enquire about it himself that he had suffer'd an exceeding great Violence for three weeks together by conforming himself exactly to his Highness's Pleasure who had commanded him not to go more out of Chantilly That the Air of the Small Pox did not flighten him and that his Majesty would not disapprove his quitting his ordinary Abode in that occasion to acquit himself of part of his Duty The person to whom this Letter was written having given the Prince of Conde an account of it Make answer said his Highness to the Prince of Conty that I am very much oblig'd to him for the kindness he expresses towards me but if he loves me let him remain where he is I shall be at Paris within these two days and shall see him there A Courier arriv'd at the same time from the Duke of Enguien who had an account given him three or four times a day about the Prince his Father's Health according to the Orders he had left every time he had been at Fontainebleau since the Court had left it The Duke begg'd of hiâ— Father by the said Courier to give him leave to repair to him The Prince had already sent him back twice or thrice from Fontainebleau to Versailles to remain near the King on whom a great operation had been made and to observe all the favourable moments in which he might serve the Prince of Conty He had obey'd but could no longer endure to be absent from his Father The Prince being earnestly sollicited to give his Son leave to come to see him he answerd That he did not question but his Son had a great desire to be near him that he should be very joyful to see him also but that both of them ought to sacrifice their own Satisfaction to their Duty that he desir'd him to remain at Court that as soon as there should be any necessity for his being near him he would send for him and that perhaps it should be sooner than either of them should desire it He sigh'd next and squeez'd the person he was speaking to by the hand whereby it was suspected that he found himself worse and that he would not be able to go to Paris within two days as he had resolv'd From that time his Distemper encreas'd and soon discover'd that he had not long to live And whereas Mons. Morin his Physician declar'd freely in feeling his Pulse that he found it very uneven But is there no danger said his Highness do not dissemble it Mons. Morin reply'd that since he commanded hâ—m to speak his Opinion he thought it was proper to think on the Sacraments of the Church This is speaking reply'd his Highness Whereupon that Prince order'd a Courier to be dispatch'd instantly to Father Dechamps a Jesuit who was his Confessor to desire him earnestly to come to him as soon as he coâ—ld to confess him and to dispose
in these and entring into the Affairs of those accommodating and proportioning himself to all And whereas all his Life-time he had been a Lover of Sciences and Reading and that at Chantilly he read all manner of good Books even of Religion and Controversie his Conversation was very improving His great Genius embrac'd every thing whether Sacred Prophane Ancient Modern History Philosophy Theology all manner of Arts and Sciences even to the least Secrets of the Mechanicks No Books scapd him he was able to Converse with and Entertain all those that excell'd either in Speculation or in any Works And moreover whereas hâ— had an exquisite Judgment a nice Taste a lively Comprehension a noble and just Faculty of thinking and of expressing himself and was able to judge of all things like a Master all People improv'd by his Conversation and rectify'd their Thoughts either by his penetrating Qâ—estions or by his Judicious Reflections His Conversation was Charming by reason that he could speak to every body according to their own Talents and not to Souldiers about their Undertakings to Courtiers about their Interest to Politicians about their Nâ—gociâ—tioâ—s but also to curious Travellers of what they had discover'd in Nature in Government or in Commerce to the Handicraft-man of his Inventions and finally to the Learned of all kinds of all the most wonderful Discoveries they had made He had a very great Affection and Tenderness for his Family particularly for his Son the Duke of Enguien and it was chiefly his passionate deâ—ire of preserving and advancing his Fortune that made him behave himself with so much Prudence in the last Period of his Life and that he managd the King 's and his Favourite's Temper with so much Care He has always had and ever express'd a great Aversion for Praises as we have observ'd All Europe was fill'd with the Fame of his Name and râ—ng with the Glory of his Exploits and yet it was hardly mention'd at Chantilly It was a kind of a Crime to praise him especially in his Presence And indeed none durst have presum'd to praise him seeing him so much above all Praises by his Modesty When any body desir'd him in this Retirement to relate his fine Action in his Campagns they perplex'd him There was a great deal of Pleasure in hearing him â—ut it requiâ—'d a great deal of Art to engage to speak upon that Subject and unless it were by surprize nothing could be got out of him Many have been surpriz'd at his not writing the Memoirâ— of his Life a thing he would have done worthily and by which he would have laid an eternal Obligation on Posterity Whatever Intreaties have been made to him about it none ever could prevail Nay more his very Son whom he lov'd so â—enderly could never obtain it That Refusal must be imputed either to his Modesty or his Policy In effect whenever he was desired to write Memoirs of his Life he answer'dâ— All I have done is only fit to be forgotten Let the King's Life be written all others hence forward will be superfluous At other times he said I could not do it without speaking advantageously of my self and perhaps disadvantageously of others and thatâ—s a thing I cannot resolve upon even in speaking the Truth We shall now conclude by a Paralel that was made in the Year 1674. between that great Prince and Marshal de Turenne aâ—out the eminent Qualifications they possess'd in War A Paralel between the Prince of Conde and Marshal de Turenne A Greatness of Genius shines in the Prince of Conde â— a Knowledge ever present an impetuous Courage without trouble or precipitation Monsieur de Turenne has the advantage of Calmness Capacity Experience a firm and secure Valour The other resolves in Council is never at a loss in Disorders taking his Resolution better than any Man living This forms a Plan of War to himself disposes all thing to his End foresees all Obstacles with more Judgment than Slowness The Activity of the first goes beyond what is necessary in order not to omit any thing that may be of use The other is as active as he should be but does nothing that is superfluous in order not to dissipate and ruine his Forces by unnecessary Fatigues The Prince is equally fear'd and esteem'd in point of Command Monsieur de Turenne is more agreeable and not less esteem'd leaving more Satisfaction but not preserving his Authority so much There can never be too much precaution useâ— against the Attacks of the first and he meets with weakness in the securest Posts The other meets with Safeties every where and finds out ways to secure himself against the appearances of his Ruine In Combats their ORDERS are almost alike The Prince of Conde knows how to improve Advantages and to repair Disorders he makes the most of his Forces He abandons himself wholly to the Action he is engag'd in and seems resolv'd to overcome or not to out-live his Defeat Monsieur de Turenne omits nothing of what may conduce to the gain of a Battle when he is happy he improves every thing preserves what he can when he is not so and ever leaves some resource for a better Fortune whether throâ—gh the Equality of his Temper or by a long Experience of good and ill Successes he receives all manner of Accidents with an even Temper The Prince is more sensible to Misfortunes than Monsieur de Turenne but his Haughtiness is more exasperated at it and his Vertue excited by his Misfortunes proves strong enough to overcome them Finally the Prince of Conde is the greatest Man in the World for a Day 's Action and Monsieur de Turenne for a Campagne The one is â—itter to end Actions gloriously and the other to end a War advantageously The PRINCE makes War with more Glory for his own Reputation and Monsieur de Turenne with more advantage for the Interests of the Party in which he is engag'd FINIS The Design of the Work 1621. The Birth of the Prince of Conde 1629. His Studies 1640. He is present at the Siege of Arras 1641. Hâ—s Marriage He is present at the Siege of Aire An occasion wherein the Prince of Conde signalizes himself 1642. He is at the Sâ—ege of Perpignan and â—ommands the Arrierbâ—n of Languâ—dâ—c He is made General of the King of France his Army Death of Card. Richlieu The Queen endeavâ—urâ— to draw the Prince of Conde to her Party succeeds 1643. The Death of Lewis XIII The Queen confirm'd Regent by a Deâ—laration of Parliament A Relation of what pass'd in the Campaign of Rocroy in 1643. by M. de iâ— Chapelle The Prince of Conde desirous to relieve Rocroy Thâ— Battle of Rocroy The taking of Emery Barlemont and Mauberge * Two pieces of Wood five or six foot long set up an end upon a Traverse five or six foot one from the other the Spaces being fill'd with Bavins †A way three foot broad at the foot of the
Rampart between the Rampart the Moate The taking of Cirk The Prince of Câ—nâ—e arrives at Court and leads a numerous Reinforcement into Germany Hâ— returns to Court The Advantages of the taking of Thionville Why the Siege of this place was opâ—osâ—d The Prince refuses the Encomiums of the Court. The Queen turns out some Ministers â—â—kes Mazarine Negoâ—iations oâ— Peace Fruitlâ—â—s 1644. The Prince of Conde acts in Germany where he resolves to relieve Friburgh or fight the Enemy â— A Relation of the Campaign of Friburgh 1644. by M. La Chapelle Great Beams of Timber with Stakes driven into 'em bearing their points outwards resembling a Hedg-hog The Siege and Taking of Philipsburgh Wormes Maâ—ence and several â—ther â—lgâ—es taken He dyed at Spire within a â—â—w days after Three things not observ'd in the Campaign of Friburgh The Prince of Conde made Governour of Champagn and Brie 1645. The taking of Lichtenaw the Castle of Stolburâ— and Kirppenheimâ— Tureâ—ne beaten at Meriendaâ— The Battel of Norling Lannoy â—aâ—en Mardicke taken 164â— What the Prince did after the Siege of Dunkirk Gassion quarrels with the Prince The D. of Breze slain Great Solicitations for the D. of Breze's Employments for the D. of Enguien The Prince leagues himself with the D. of Orâ—leance The Pr. of Conde the Father dies The Pr. of Conde has the Command of the Army The Prâ— succeeds in his Father's Employments 1647. The Pr. of Conde goes to command the Army in Catalonia He besieges Lerida and raises the Siege He besieges and takes the City and Castle of Ager The Original of the Troubles in France 1648. The Pr. of Conde besieges Ypres The Spaniards take Courtray while Ypre is besieging Ypre taken The Spaniards take Furnes The Pr. retakes it The Battle of Lens The Pr. wounded Monsieur de Broussel seiz'd Reasons for the Cardinal's Ruine The Answer of Cardinal Mazarin's Party The taking of Lens The Pr. returns to Court Chatillon and Grammont the Princes Confidents Declaration of the 28 th of October The Court has recourse to the Duke of Orleans and the Prince Grammont and Le Tellior perswade the Prince to take the Court Party The P's heat in the Parliament They resolve to besiege Paris 1649. The King leaves Paris privately The Pr. attacks Charenton The Causes of the Civil War that ensu'd upon the Imprisonment of the Princes 1650. The Detenâ—â—on of the Princes The Parisians rejoice at the Imprisonment of the Pr. The Princes Innocency The Count of Tavane's zeal for the Prince of Conde What happen'd in Burgundy after the Imprisonment of the Princes Bellegarde taken What passed in Normandy during the Imprisonment of the Princes The Siege of Bourdeaux The Progress of Turenne's Army The Court is incens'd at the Princes being remov'd to Marcoussy and the Cardinal complains against the Coâ—djutor The Coadjutor's Complaints Madame de Chevreuse writes to the Cardinal in favour of the Coadjutor The Cardinal's Answer Dispositions towards an Accommodation in Guienne The Treaty of Bourg * A Câ—stle so called The Dukes of Bouillon and de la Rochefoucault propose powerful Reasons to the Cardinal to engage him to put the Princes at Liberty * A Faction so called Refusal of a Cardinal's Cap for the Coadjutor The Cardinal's Dissimulation They talk about removing the Princes into some strong place Monsieur opposes the Princes being removed to Havre Monsieur consents to the Princes being removed to Havre He alters his mind The Princes are remov'd to Havre The measures of the Princes Friends are broken The Cardinal publickly refuses the Cardinal's Cap for the Coadjutor The Effects of the Victory of Rhetel They Treat about the Liberty of the Princes 1651. Conditions of the Treaty Monsieur breaks wâ—th the Carâ—inal The Cardinal retires to St. Germans The Assembly of the Palace of Orleance The Cardinal goes to Havre in order to set the Princes at Liberty The Princes go from Havre to Paris An universal Ioy for the Liberty and Return of the Prince of Conde The Prince goes to the Parliament Addition of Glory to the Prince of Conde It was his due The Prince of Conde 's Glory tarnish'd The Prince of Conde 's Qualifications different from Caesar ' s. The Queen endeavours to dispose the Prince to consent to the Cardinal's return Dispositions towards an absolute breach Chavigny induces the Prince to break off the Treaty Imbroilures Reasons which induced the Prince of Conde to break the Match between his Brother Mademoiselle de Chevreuse Several persons abandon the Prince of Conde 's Party Disadvantageous Reports against the Prince of Conde Engagements between the Queen and the Coadjutor Plots against the Prince of Conde The King 's and the Prince's Coach meet in the Ring The Prince quits Paris to retire to St. Maur. A pleasant Alarm The Prince's Court at St. Maur. The Prince of Conde 's Complaints The Prince returns to Paris Complaints of the first President against the Prince of Conde 's Conduct Foundation of those Complaints Marshal Turenne refuses to take the Prince's Party The Prince of Conty 's Answer Effects of the Iourney and Mariage of the Duke of Mercoeur Monsieur 's Declaration The Prince of Conde 's Manifesto The Prince of Conde demands Iustice of the Parliament against his Accusers Disorder in the great Hall The Duke of Orleance 's Expedient The Prince of Conde justify'd * The Barbons or people wearing long Beards A just cause of Complaint of the Prince The King's Majority The Prince of Conde will not assist at the Ceremony of the King's Majority The Prince of Conde endeavours to engage the Duke of Longueville in his Party * The place where the Parliament Assembles The Duke de la Rochefoucault endeavours to engage considerable Persons in the Prince's Party The Duke de la Rochefoucault Treats with the Duke of Bouillon on the Prince's behalf Monsieur de Longueville refuses to declare himself The Prince of Conde goes from Trie to Chantilly The Prince's Retreat Monsieur dispatches Croisâ—y to the Prince of Conde about an Accommodation The Civil War extracted out of the Memoirs of the Duke de la Rochefoucault * La Taille a Duty exacted by the King * O â—atent during Life * The first Princess of the Blood se call'd 1652. * A place like the Ring in Hide-Park The Battel of the Suburb of St. Anthony * The Duke oâ— Orleance 's Daughter The Duke of Nemours 's Death The Duke of Bouillon 's Death 1652. The King's Return Several Persons are order'd to quit Paris The Prince of Conde 's Motion The Duke of Orleance 's Accommodation * The Dutchess of Orleance The Spaniards endeavour to surprize the Cardinal at Bouillon The Cardinal and Monsieur de Turenne meet The Prince of Conde is made Generalissimo of the Armies of Spain His trouble The Count of Tavannes refusâ—s to yield the Command to the Prince of Tarente Count Tavannes 's Discontents Count Tavannes retires 1653. The Cardinal returns to Court The Prince of Conty 's Marriage The Rebellion continues in Burgundy and Guienne The Marshal de la Ferté 's Exploits Commercy taken Success of the King's Forces in Guienne L' Hormee persists in the Rebellion The Peace of Bordeaux Cromwel refuses to espoâ—se the Prince of Conde 's Party The Prince of Conde takes Roye Rocroy taken by the French Army Mouson taken by the Spanish Army St. Menehoult taken by the Marshal Plissis 1654. The Prince of Conde impeach'd by the Parliament * The place where the Parliament sits The Sieges of Stenay and of Arras The Siege of Arras rais'd 1655. 1656. The Siege of Vallenciennes The raising of the Siege of Vallenciennes 1657. The taking of S. Guiâ—lain and Conde * Souldiers in ordinary pay for the guard of Fâ—â—nâ—â—er Towns The Prince of Conde enters Cambray and causes the siege to be raised 1658. The siege of Dunkirk The Battel of the Downs 1659. * The Tenure or Honour and Iurisdiction of a Castle-ship 1660. The King receives the Prince of Conde 1661. 1667. War in Flanders 1668. Bezancon surrenders to the Prince of Conde The taking of Salins Dole Gray and other places 1672. The War of Holland The Prince of Conde besieges and takes Welâ—el Passages of â—â—e Rhine The Prince of Conde passes 1673. Honours done to the Prince of Conde at Utrecht 1674. The Battle of Senef The Siege of Oudenarde rais'd 16â—9 Marshal Turenne 's Death 1675 1676. The Prince of Conde retires to Chantilly 1679. Divers Reasonings upon that Râ—treat 1655. 1679. Oâ—â—upations of the Prince of Conde at Chanâ—â—â—ly 1680. The Prince of Conde 's passion for War Visits from the Prince of Conde to the King 1681. Every body is earnest to visit the P. of Conde at Chantilly The King visits the Prince of Conde at Chantilly The Prince of Conde 's last Sickness â—6â—6 The Duke of Enguien 's Arrival Addition of the Prince of Conde's Letter to the King The Prince of Conde blesses his Children The Prince of Conty 's Arrival Father Dechamps 's Arrival The Prince of Conde desires his Body may be carry'd to Valery and his Heart into the Iesuits Church * In the Diocess of Sens. †In the Church of the House of the Iesuits Sententiâ—â—â— words of the Prince of Conde The Prince of Conde 's Death The Prince of Conde 's Letter read at Court The Duke goes to Versailles He goes back to Paris The Prince of Conde 's Body is carried to Valery and his Heart to the Church of St. Lewis at Paris 1687. Funeral Orations in Honour of the Prince of Conde * Our Lady's Church The Prince of Conde 's Picture 1686.