Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	foot_n	horse_n	line_v	4,299	5	19.2917	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14722	Anima'dversions of vvarre; or, A militarie magazine of the truest rules, and ablest instructions, for the managing of warre Composed, of the most refined discipline, and choice experiments that these late Netherlandish, and Swedish warres have produced. With divers new inventions, both of fortifications and stratagems. As also sundry collections taken out of the most approved authors, ancient and moderne, either in Greeke. Latine. Italian. French. Spanish. Dutch, or English. In two bookes. By Robert Ward, Gentleman and commander.	Ward, Robert, fl. 1639.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver.	1639 (1639)	STC 25025; ESTC S118037	599,688	501

Figures of 4. Forts more proportionable in strength to the first these had a Trench raised which ranne from one to another very strong and solid as before is shewed these Workes differed in forme but were of one and the same demention these were plac'd upon an eminent passage upon a little heath by which the Prince of Orange might possibly have conveyed provision to the waters side by which meanes the Towne might have beene releeved There were two Batteries raised at the entrance of each quarter with halfe Moones before the entrance upon the out side and divers Forts besides according to the different scituation and danger of the place the Figures of these Batteries I have likewise drawne for your better information There were three great Batteries raised in three severall places neare the Towne which battered against the Flankes of the Bulworkes of the Towne and those sides both of the Batteries Forts and Redouts which beheld the Towne were made Canon proofe 25. foot thicke The greatest of these Batteries was 160. foot long and 125. foot broad in the Reare and Flanke of it it had a Wall fifteene foot thicke it was made rising with a Walke and a Parrapet on the inside in the Front it was lined with two exteriour Angles the face of it rising with nine open Windowes for so many Peeces of Artillery to shoot out at each Window being a foot and a halfe wide opening more and more out wards by little and little On the inside a Groundfell was raised like a bed of Turfe and Fagots eight foot high and 35. foot broad covered over with Plankes for the speedy removing and recoyling of the Artillery Behinde this Groundfell was a place of Armes 130. foot long and 50. foot broad the out-side of the Wall under the Canon-windowes were pallizadoed and before the Battery was two halfe Moones guarded with Musquetiers and compassed with a Ditch and Counterskarpe and a Pallizado of Spiles upon the Counterskarp for the safety of the Battery the Ditch was 7. foot deepe and 48. foot broad at the bottome but 38. The two other Batteries were raised indifferent large the manner of framing them was much after the former saving that the least of the two became the largest by the Addition of a Fort the Figures will better informe you in the difference both of length breadth and Angles Spinola raised upon all Passages very strong Forts and upon the Causies where there was no passage on neither side of it he caused very strong Pallizadoes of yong Stadles droven into the earth and framed together 15. foot high Likewise crosse the waters that drowned the Medowes he made a double Pallizado to prevent the Boates from going to the Towne Also he blockt up the Rivers with a strong Bridge and a guard of Musquetiers upon it with sharpe peeces of timber lying pointing out of split their Boates. Also he had Boates lay at Anchor in the River to hinder the passage besides divers Boates bored through at the bottome which were to be sunke upon the sudden and divers other Boates of Combustible stuffe to burne the Enemies Fleet. Also within the River at foure severall places a good distance one from another there were strong Spiles of timber droven downe and coupled together with Crosse-beames in manner of Pallizadoes which made the River unpassable The Townes-men raised five great Horne-workes to secure their owne Counterscarpe and Mote before every Port of the Towne one and the rest in other convenient places the Levell-side of these Horne-workes were 210. foot long and 150. foot broad I have presented to your view the Figure of the largest Horne-worke which was raised before the Castle it is 240. paces long and 200. paces broad it was pallizadoed thicke round about to hinder the Enemies assault beyond this Horne-worke is a Halfe-moone fortified with a Counterscarpe a cubit high and invironed with another Ditch as the Figure thereof will better informe you these Out-workes were flanquered from the Towne walles there was a Trench drawne from one Worke to another to beate off the Enemy from the Counterscarpe The ordinary Carrison of this Towne which consisted but of 15. Bulworkes were 1600. Foot and five troopes of Horse but the brute of this Siege caused them to be re-inforced with 28. Companies more besides there were 1800. able Townes-men which were to manage the Walles The Governour sent away 3. troopes of his Horse because they could affoord them no service in the Siege The Provision layd in against winter for these Souldiers was 8200. measures of Wheate of Oates 2800. 3600. weight of Cheese and as much dryed Haberdine and every Townes-man was besides to furnish himselfe for a yeare And in regard Spinola could not have his Provision for his Army come by Water he was constrained to convey it by Land it being 12. houres march for the same purpose he had all his Provision brought to one of his owne Townes that lay neerest to the Campe named Lyre But the Prince of Orange his Campe lying at Ros●ndall they were constrained to march about and to fortifie divers Dorpes in the way for the resting and securing of the Convoyes and Provisions Count Henry Van den Bergh had the greatest part of the Horse and as I take it 4000. foot with him besides there was 1000. Horse more newly raised with these forces he was to conduct the Provision His manner of proceeding was this In the morning before day hee gave Commandement to put in order the disordered multitude of Carriages and Waggons then hee sent some Troopes of Horse before to discover Hee commanded them to March he placed Artillery both in the Van and in the Reare to give warning by their discharging of the Enemies approaches so that his men might gather together as he had given them order for to repaire to the place which stood most in need Hee guarded both sides of the Way neere where the Prince of Oranges Army lay with loose Wings of Horse and hee lined these Horse with Guards of Musquetiers and with the rest of the Horse he brought up the Reare Vpon occasion of feare hee made use of his Wagons instead of a Trench drawing his Foot-forces within them Hee had daily and hourely Spies to know the Hollanders intentions and proceedings He cut downe all Bridges that might afford the Hollander a Passage to come at him in his March By this meanes they sustained their Campe in despight of the Hollander And as Vanden Bergh was to make his Retreat hee fearing the Prince of Orange would have set upon his Troopes hee ordered his Forces accordingly by dividing them into three grand Squadrons and so Marched ready to receive any charge The Prince of Orange then having Incampt his Army at Mede a Dorpe 2 houres distant from Breda thinking to have relieved the Towne So soone as Spinola understood it he left all the Workes about the Towne well Manned unto the charge of Medina and Marched himselfe

with 7000 foot and 30 Troopes of Horse to a convenient place neere Osterhout where hee Incamped within three miles of the Enemy where he confronted the enemy and anticipated the place of great advantage for the Prince of Orange to have relieved the Towne by it After that the Prince of Orange did perceive their was no hopes of relieving the Towne hee provided for his safe Retreate to which end hee raised divers Workes to hinder Spinola from pursuing him As first upon a convenient passage hee raised a Fort to Retire his men into and to defend them from the sudden pursuite of the Enemy and upon the side next Spinolas Campe by which hee was to make his Retreate hee raised a Brest-worke along the Causie with a deepe Ditch to cover his men from the Enemies shot and also to obscure them in their Retreate Spinola fearing the Prince of Orange should have assaulted some of their Garrisons with his Army Hee commanded Grave Hendrick Vanden-Bergh to dog him with his Army to prevent his designes This Siege having lasted part of Summer all Winter and part of the Summer following which was a thing thought impossible to have bin done being eleven Months The Governour of Breda founded a Parley and was content to surrender the Towne they being almost famished if Spinola would agree to such Articles as hee should propound For the performance of which Articles there were sufficient Hostages from either side to confirme the Agreement I have set downe the Articles they being a most fit patterne for all Governours to shape their Agreements by The Articles follow First a Captaine of the Garrison of Breda brought Spinola two Copies of the Articles betwixt them that hee might first signe them both which done hee carried them backe to the Governour for him to signe one part of them was brought backe to Spinola Vpon the signing of these Covenants the Governour demanded 1200 Waggons and 60 Boats to carry away sicke and ma●med persons and others with their Carriages and Housholdstuffe which was by Spinola granted Imprimis It shall bee lawfull for the Governour of the Towne with the rest of the Officers and Souldies both of Horse and foot to March out of the Towne armed Souldier like viz. The Foot with flying Colours Drums beating compleatly Armed Bullet in mouth Match lighted at both ends their charges full of Powder and Shot The Horse with their Trumpets founding Standards displayed Armed in such sort as when they March towards the Enemy And that no Souldier shall bee of what Nation soever questioned or detained for any cause or pretext whatsoever not though he had formerly bin in the Enemies service All without exception having free liberty to march the best and most commodious way to their next Garrison without injurie hinderance or wrong done to their owne persons their Armes Horses or Baggage and this with all safety and assurance possible And further it shall bee lawfull for them to take their Wives Children Houshold Housholdstuffe Horses and Carts with the Armes of all Souldiers dead or hurt sicke or runne away without any search or inquiry made after them Item All Ministers or Preachers of the Word Commissaries of Musters Officers of Contribution with their Clerkes Ingineers Gentlemen of the Artillery the Auditor of the Souldiers Masters of Fire-workes Captaines of Pioners Canoners Surgions of Regiments and private Companies with all such as belong to the Traine of Artillery Marriners Notaries Overseers of Workes Provosts Pioners Carpenters Smithes Commissaries of the Victualls and all persons whatsoever any way belonging to the Artillery or Engines with their Wives Children and Servants Horse and Armes shall bee comprehended in the former Article and enjoy the same priviledges Item All Boats found about or in the Towne at this present as well those which arrived last with the Colonells as with any others shall be permitted with all their necessaries and tackling to returne to their next place of refuge guided by their own Pilots and Marriners in which it shall bee lawfull for them to Imbarke their Families and Housholdstuffe with the Armes and Baggage of the Colonells Captaines and other Officers of the Armie sicke persons with such as attend them and all others whosoever desire to passe by Water into their next safe Garrison And to this purpose the River shall bee open for them during the terme of twelve dayes and then within that space they may safely repaire to and joyne themselves with their other men of Warre and from thence take their journey to what place they please the Boats remaining still to their owne Masters and owners And during the sayd terme of twelve dayes no man shall dare to molest or hinder those Boats but shall permit them to passe freely with their Passengers without searching them for any cause or pretext whatsoever And if it chance that the passage of the River bee not yet freed and made Navigable againe by which their journey may bee any way hindered the time in which by that meanes the journey hath beene stayed shall not bee reckoned amongst those twelve dayes which terme they enjoy freely and withall assurance as well in the River it selfe as upon either shore of it where Marriner or any other Passengers shall have occasion to land for their commodity or affaires And if any of the Boats belong to any man who shall desire to reside still in the Towne of they shall bee tyed notwithstanding to helpe to transport Passengers and Baggage out of Breda and afterwards returne home to their Masters Item Spinola shall allow the Governour any reasonable and sufficient number of Waggons as hee shall demand to transport his owne the Colonell Captaines Officers and other mens Baggage of the Garrison to their next Garrison from whence they shall returne them safe and faithfully againe Item It shall bee lawfull for the Governour to carry out with his Garrison any foure Peeces of Artillery and two Morters hee shall make choice of with all their appurtinances and as much Powder and Ball as they will beare at sixe charges and it shall bee at his choice to transport them with their Carriages either by Water or by Lane And for this purpose the Marquesse Spin●la shall allow the Governour if hee shall demand it all Canon-Horses and others with their Waggons and Waggon-men as shall bee requisite for the transporting of these Peeces of Artillery and Morters with all their appurtenances Item What goods or Housholdstuffe belongs to the Prince of Orange it shall be lawfull for him or his Deputie to transport them to what place hee pleaseth within the time of sixe Moneths at which time a free passage shall bee given without any molestation or hinderance in the meane time the goods to bee safely preserved Item If it chance that any man comprehended in the two first Articles shall bee unable for his sicknesse to goe out of the Towne with the Garrison it shall be lawfull for such to remaine in the Towne

three or foure Pistols to be discharged first a good distance off then neerer hand according as your horse beginneth to abide them during which time forget not to make much of him Likewise every morning before he is drest discharge a Musket or two and sound a Trumpet and beate a charge with your drumme and then when he is patient feede him and cherish him the Groome may sometime dresse him in bright armour hee may be used to eate his Oates from off the Drumme head you may ride him against an armour plac't upon a stake that he may overthrow it and trample it under his feete Every horseman that doth not observe these briefe observations and fit himselfe and his horse in all respects before hee come to be trayned they will prove both unfit for service neither would I wish any Captaine to approve either of man or horse that in some reasonable manner hath not attained to this perfection for an Oxe well Managed may in possibility doe better service than an ill ridden wresty horse neither can any security or reputation bee expected by any service they shall undertake if the Officers be not diligent to see their Troopes well ordered and demeaned Thus premising every Horseman is or will be in this nature qualified wee will proceede to the Exercising of private Troopes and breefely shew all their Postures and how they ought to be imbattelled but first it is necessary to give a touch about the severall kinde of arming both of Curassiers Harquebuzires Carabines and Dragoones as followeth CHAP. CVII How the horse Troopes ought to be devided and distinguished by their severall armes apt and fit for divers services and what proportion of Cavalry ought to be joyned with the Infantry WE are to understand how our Generalls of late ages have divided their horse Troopes into foure severall kindes proper for divers Services and accordingly their armings are sutable to their Offices as The arming of the C●irassier Harquebuzier Carbine Dragoone is chiefely Defensive Offensive Offensive and Defensive The light armed which are the Harquebuziers Carabines and Dragoones are imployed to begin a charge against the Infantry upon flanke and reare at once the Front is dangerous if the two armies of foote be ready to joyne then the heavie armed viz. the Cuirassiers shall take the advantage of such disorders as are procured by the light armed for their compleate arming is efficatious to defend their bodies from the push of pikes the better to thrust in amongst them The light armed are also more apt and fit to be sent upon services that require expedition which the heavie armed are unfit to performe for the Cuirassier is to be compleately armed Capapè with a good Buffe coate to preserve his body from the pinching of his pondrous armour his horse is to be fifteene hand high and upwards he is also to have his Bedee Nagge and a Boy to carry his Armes and Snapsacke and to get him forrage for his horses his Saddle and Bitte must be strong and good whereunto must be fixed upon each side of it a case of good Firelocke Pistolles the barrell being full eighteene inches long and the bore of twenty or twenty foure bullets in the pound with his Spanner and flaske boxes a good sword and a scarffe over his armes to distinguish him from the enemie His service in the warres is chiefely defensive As for the proportion which the horse should beare to the foote there are divers of sundry opinions but the Prince of Orange used to allow three to tenne or twelve at most viz. 3000. horse to 1000. or 12000. foote and every troope consisting of five score horse which are ordered twenty in ranke and five deepe in file the which custome they use the rather because of the scarsitie of their horse and againe they are opiniated that in regard each horse man hath two Pistolles they may perfect their fight as well as a Troope of Musquetiers that are tenne deepe in ●yle having but one Musquet apeece but from this hath proceeded many inconveniences as Captaine Beumount hath observed wherefore his advice was to have the horse Troopes consist of sixe score so they may be ranked twenty in breast and sixe deepe in file they being then more apt and proper to double their rankes whereby their front may be extended or if being in skirmish with the enemy any shot should be drawne out to give fire upon them in the reare then the two hindmost rankes of a horse may peckiere about and put them to retreate and the foure foremost rankes in the front may be the better able to prosecute their fight wherefore my discourse shall be to shew you how the Troopes consisting of 120. horse ranked twentie in brest and sixe deepe in file shall be exercised and fitted for the warres and leave it to the judicious Commander to take his choyse CHAP. CVIII How the Harquebuziers and the Carbines ought to demeane themselves THese kinde of horse men are to be armed with an open Caske Gorget backe and brest more than Pistoll proofe with good Buffe coate to preserve their bodies from bruising Their Harquebuzes are to be two foote and a halfe in length their bores of seventeene bullets to the pound about their neckes a strong leather Belt with a Swivell to hang the Ring of their peeces upon a Flaske and Touch boxe and Pistolls like to the Cuirassiers Their horses ought not to be under the size of fifteene hands in height when they passe by the Generall or Troope through the streetes of a towne they place the but end upon their right thigh and their right hand grasping the barrell towards the middest of it the locke towards their bodies otherwise in their march if the enemy be not neere they hang downe by their sides Likewise the Carbine requires a smaller horse a faire Buffe coate his Carabine twentie seven inches long the bore of twentie foure bullets to the pound and he is to demeane himselfe upon all points like the Harquebuze having his sword in a strong belt Flaske and touch boxe CHAP. CIX How the Dragoones ought to arme and demeane themselves THe Dragoones are no lesse than a foote company consisting of Pikes and Muskets only for their quicker expedition they are mounted upon horses they are of great use for the guarding of passages and fordes in regard of their swiftnesse they may prevent the enemies foote and gaine places of advantage to hinder their passage Their Pikes are to have thongs of leather about the middle of them for the easier carriage of them The Muskets are to have a broad strong belt fastened to the stocke of them well neere from one end to the other whereby he hangs it upon his backe when hee rideth holding his match and bridle in his left hand any horse if he be swif● will performe this service in regard they alight and doe their service a foote so that when tenne men alight the eleventh holdeth

and Foot caused those few troopes of Horse which he had to bee lined with certaine Foote who being charged by the Turke those Foote with a mighty shout brake out upon the Enemies troopes of Horse with such fury that they not onely rescued their owne but also brake and chased the Enemies Cavallry and contrary to all expectation won the Field CHAP. CXXXVI A Policie which the Duke De Alva used to fortifie his Army against the Prince of Orange his Horse THe Duke of Alva in the late Flemish Warres against the Prince of Orange most pollitiquely fortified himselfe with his Carts and Carriages chayned together casting up a small Trench of Earth beyond them did safeguard his Army being all Foot against the Prince of Orange who suddainly invaded him with a great power of Horse whereby he was never able to give him Battell and in the conclusion for want of Forrage and Victuals hee was driven to retire CHAP. CXXXVII A Policie to prevent rebellion of such in high authority as are discontented or of a proud and haughty Spirit MAny times Treacheries and deceits are practised against Generalls and happily by their owne disdainefull proud carriages to their inferiours For prevention thereof it is best to immitate Lewis the eleventh King of France who propounded to himselfe divers wayes to winde out of such troubles and to gaine the love and applause of his people wherefore he studyed to carry himselfe very loving and affable ready to heare complaints and to redresse them without delayes If he feared the fidelity of any one he would insinuate into him with milde and faire speeches free to them in gifts according to their degrees alwayes holding them in hopes of preferment and honour and freely tendring it as occasion offered He was loving to men of meane estate especially where any worth was cressant if by any mistake he had offered any injury he would in a fair way shew himselfe greeved and seeke to recover the parties love by large benefits CHAP. CXXXVIII How a Generall ought to demeane himselfe politiquely both in giving of Battell and in refusing it IF a Generall understand that his Enemy have new ayde and supply of men a comming unto him then ought he to seeke by all meanes to give him Battell before both his powers joyne or if his Victuals or Pay begin to faile then a Generall should never refuse Battell if any opportunity be offered Likewise on the contrary if a Generall expects a supply or if he understands his Enemies Victuals or moneys faile or that sicknesse increaseth amongst them then it behoveth him in policie to stand strongly upon his guard and by no meanes joyne Battell so long as he can conveniently avoyd it As the French did lately at the Isle of Ree onely dogging our English at the heeles and delaying to fight untill they saw a confusion in the Army by imbarking their men The like also in the Flemish Warres 1578 betweene the Estates and Do● John de Austria who understanding of the comming of Duke Cassimere with 5000 Horse and 6000 Foot offered the Army of the States Battell at Rymenant where they lay incamped and expected Duke Cassimers comming but Count Bossute then Generall of the States Armie being of sufficient strength to have fought with him would not but gave command that none of his Troopes should salley forth their Trenches but onely some Squadrons to guard Passages so that Don John finding himselfe and his expectations deceived and that he could not traine them forth to Battell was driven to march away and this temperance in the Count Bossute was no lesse Souldier-like than the couragious attempt of Don John to seeke Battell both being done with reason CHAP. CXXXIX A Politique observation of a Generall how he should intreat about a Peace WHen an Army of one side is driven to a streight so that conditions of Peace are to be intreated of a Generall must be curious and circumspect in making choise of discreet wise able men which understand themselves and the weightie service they are imployed in lest they should conclude some dishonourable Treaty or put the Generall in feare of their truth and fidelitie CHAP. CXL A Policie to prevent the Assistance of a Forraigne frieud LEwis King of France being distasted against the Duke of Normandy and Brittaine drawes his Army into the Dukes Territories the Duke understanding his proceedings obtaines assistance from the Duke of Burgundie the King presently conceived this policie in his head to indite a Letter as if it had come from the Duke of Normandy and sends it by a Herald to the Duke of Burgundy the Contents thereof were that whereas the King of France had offered him an Annuall summe of money to the value of 60000 Franks which he had accepted and considering divers circumstances and desiring not to hazard the event he had according to the Kings propositions surrendred to him the Dukedome of Normandie and the assessation of Armes was concluded upon The Duke of Burgundy being sensible of this and of the danger that might accrue to himselfe by their falling off yet hee was jealous that those Letters were counterfeited untill certaine other Letters were likewise invented as sent from other Friends to certifie him the truth which did confirme the former by this devise the King caused the Dukes Army to be disolved and according to his wished desires obtained a firme League CHAP. CXLI How to gaine fortunate successe to an Army THe best meanes a Generall can use to bring fortunate successe to an Army is to get true and frequent Intelligence from the Enemy which must be obtained from them by a trusty and secret Friend there resident or by some plaine wise Country man that vents victualls to an Army or by the Drummes that are sent for Prisoners or by some Prisoners taken Likewise some have used to send Ambassadours and with them in Servants apparell most expert men in Warre who having taken occasion to view the strength of the Enemies workes and of his Forces have by this meanes taken a sufficient opportunity to overcome them CHAP. CXLII A Policie used by Mar●i●● to try the fidelity of the French which inhabited Lombardy MArri●s in the Warres managed against the Cimbrie made use of a policie to try the fidelity of the French which inhabited Lombardy hee sent them certaine Letters open and sealed and in the open hee wrote that they should not open the Letters sealed untill a certaine time prefixed But before that time hee demanded of them to see those Letters againe wherehee found them opened by this hee knew their faith was not to bee trusted CHAP. CXLIII A Policie to compell an Enemy out of a Land without hazarding an Army in Battell with them A Kingdome being invaded by an Enemy if the Townes thereof be of any sufficient strength and ability to withstand the brunt of Warre the best way is not for an Army to goe meet them and give them Battell but for to enter

this Receit then strongly bound with pack-thread and coted with moulten pitch making therein but one vent of an inch deep wherein must be put fine powder to prime it bruised very small this being fired with a match after it hath burnt awhile ding it into any water it will rise and burne furiously upon the top this is very proper to set fire upon the Enemies floates or Galleries that are built upon the water there shall need no Figure to demonstrate this CHAP. CCXLVIII Of certaine earthen Bottels filled with a kinde of mixture to be fired which are thrown amongst the Enemie THere are certaine Earthen Bottels to be made of a round fashion being not halfe burnt are best for this use they are invented to disorder the Enemies Rankes or to astonish them being whirld out of the Souldiers hands amongst the Enemies will soone make them give ground the device is this having got as many of these Bottels as shall be thought requisite these must bee filled halfe full of Serpentine powder or somewhat more there is to be mixt with it a quantity of Hogges grease Oyle of Stone Brimstone Saltpeeter twice refined Aqua vitae Pitch these being stirred together over a soft fire in some earthen vessell this composition being put into the Bottell with fine powder bruised to cause it to fire suddainly the Bottell is to have a Cord to throw it by this hath wrought strange effects Also there is a kinde of Composition which is besmeared about Ropes ends and Hoopes which are to be throwne from a Wall upon the Enemy which will burne and disorder them wonderfully especially at the scaling of a Wall The Composition is this take Sulphre in meale sixe parts of Rozin in meale three parts these being melted in a Pan over a slow fire then taking Stone-pitch one part hard waxe one part of Towe halfe a quarter part of Aqua vitae halfe a quarter part of Camphire ⅛ parts these being also melted together there must bee stirred into it Saltpeeter-meale two parts and when it is taken off the fire there must be foure parts of bruised powder mixt with it these being oynted upon Hoopes and Ropes and set on fire wheresoever they light they cannot be quenched but will burne the Enemy to death View the Figures following CHAP. CCXLIX How a frame of Musquets are to be made and ord●red for the defence of a Breach or for the flanking of a Battalia of Pikes THe use of this frame of Musquets is very excellent both in the defence of Breaches Bridges Ports or to be plac'd before the Divisions of Pikes or flanking the Pikes in Battell whereby the Enemie will be wonderfully shaken and by the helpe of a few men which are to remove them too and fro and to give fire to the traines strange exploits may be performed The manner of it is thus A Frame is made of Boordes or Planke three Stories high one story halfe a foot above the other and a foot or more behinde one the other the lowermost tyre is to lye about three foot from the ground the next halfe a foot above that and so the third there are certain quilles or small spouts of Brasse to goe from one touch-hole to the other so that the traine being fired they shall one discharge after another beginning first with the uppermost tyre as the Enemy enters the Breach then the second and the lowermost last there is also a broad plate which shall be plac'd over the Breeches of the Musquets that no sparkles may fall downe into the Pans of the second nor the lowermost tyre each tyre is to hold twelve Musquets a breast one being plac'd a foot distance from the other there are certaine Ringles on each side to remove it by There is one in Germany that hath onely twelve Musquets which may be discharged eight and forty times according to the French new invention for Pistols This was practised at Ostend when Duke Albert made his potent assault by which he was wonderfully repuls'd View the Figure CHAP. CCL An Instrument called a Flaile used in the defending of a Breach or scaling of a Wall or when the Enemy is at handy blowes THis instrument is used in the Warres to defend breaches or when the Enemy is entered the streets of a Towne and are at close fight then these are the onely weapons for dispatch there being no defence for it it is made much after the fashion of a Flayle onely the Swingill is short and very thicke having divers Iron Pikes in it upon all parts of it that which way soever it falles it destroyes divers souldiers are appointed to attend the Enemies assaulting the Breach some standing at one end of the Breach the residue at the other and when the Enemy is come up at push of Pike so close that the Pikemen can make no use of their Pikes then these Flayles makes way through their Head-peeces and Armour View the Figure CHAP. CCLI The use of the Turne-pike and how it is framed and of the excellent defence it makes both against Horse and Foote upon all straights and passages THis Instrument is of great use to bee cast into straites breaches passages or high-wayes for which way soever it is rowled there bee sharpe pikes towards the Enemy to hinder his approches the manner of framing of it is after this manner First there is a round Beame of light wood as Firre or Sallow about twelve Inches in circumference and ten or twelve foot long at every halfe-footes length or under there must bee holes bored thorow every way a-crosse then there must bee Staves fitted for those holes of good seasoned Ash about a yard and a halfe long somewhat tapering towards each end the ends of these Staves must bee armed with Iron Pikes cheeked downe a good way that they may not bee hackt off with their Swords then being droven into the foresaid holes just halfe way of the Staffe it will bee defensive which way soever it bee turned the beame is to be so made that one may be fastned to the other by hookes at each end so that if need bee halfe a score of them may bee coupled together or otherwise as the breach or passage is in breadth the Musque●iers may shoot over them and the Pikes may defend them so that the Enemy shall not have the advantage to pull them asunder and so long as they lye neither Horse nor Foot can passe for them when they are to be transported by waggon then the Staves are to be knockt out that they may lye in closer roome View the Figure following CHAP. CCLII The use of the Pallizadoes to prevent both Horse and Foote from any sudden assault and how they are framed HIs Excellency the Prince of Orange had alwayes these Instruments carryed in his Army either by Water or by Land for wheresoever hee did incampe his Army for any time especially if the Enemy were quartered neere he alwayes gave directions to

upon the passages and how the out-Guardes are to be plac't with divers other observations thereunto belonging HAving formerly discourst of such rules and observations as are most requisite and pertinent for the Marching of an Army In this Chapter I finde it convenient that we should shew such rules and observations as are most usefull for the secure incamping of an Army wherein there is great wisedome and circumspection to be used in the well managing of the same wherefore first there are two things offered to our consideration viz. whether an Army is to be quartered but for a night or for to be incamped for a long season and from these two questions there is a third produc'd viz. whether the Army of your enemy be at hand or farre remote now in regard in the former discourse of marching I have toucht briefely the manner of quartering an Army for a night or two upon a March where most usually no enemy is neere it being then a matter of no such consequence as it is when an Army must pitch downe his quarters or entrenchments for a long season and perchance in the face of the enemy therefore I will bee sparing in the first and also be as briefe as the subject will permit in the second viz. the incamping an Army for some long time wherein also there are two things considerable viz. the strength of the enemies Forces and the neerenesse of his Camp for wee must observe that slight intrenchments are of sufficiency to safeguard an Army where the enemy is weake and his Camp farre remote In the next place we are to have a due respect to the situation and commodiousnesse of water wood forrage for the horses and a safe and convenient recourse for to convay victualls and necessaries to the Camp which must bee either by land or water these things being duely considered the Army being drawne to the place of incampment standing in Battalia the Quarter-master Generall being directed by the Lord Generall of the Army is to lot out the Stations of ground for every regiment to be quartered in then the Quarter-master of each particular Regiment is to line out every particular Companies Station in the Regiment beginning with the eldest Regiments and in every Regiment the eldest Company which are to be plac't at the right hand and so successively every Company according to his antiquitie and every Regiment according to theirs In the meane time the Earle Marshall the Serjeant Majors Scout-Masters are to take notice what passages and places of accesse are whereby the enemy may approach to this Campe and in the convenientest places of them they are to command double guards both of horse and foote to be plac't for the securing of the Army whilst the intrenchments are making Before the principall workes of the Campe are to bee raised there must bee Redouts speedily made upon all such passages to lodge those out-guards in and for the same purpose the Pioners and Souldiers are to make what speed possibly may bee These Redouts are to bee made in greatnesse as the place requires number of Souldiers to defend it viz. upon a small passage where the enemy is not to bee expected there a triangular Redout sufficient to containe thirty or forty men is requisite if the passage bee more dangerous then a foure-square Redout which may hold eighty or an hundred men but upon the chiefest passage of all either a Sconce is to bee built or otherwise two Redouts which may bee either foure-square or triangular one being raised upon one side of the way the other somewhat wide upon the other side of the way with the point or corner of the worke towards the enemies approaches by reason more hands may bee brought to give fire upon them from the two sides which make the angle or point In the meane time whilst this is in agitation the front of the Army is to bee pallizado'd with such stakes as is described in the discourse of warlike instruments which are to bee driven one within a foote of another these shall keepe off both the horse and the foote if they should breake through the guards Then as soone as conveniently may be the works are to be raised of the Quarters and as they finish the pallizadoes are to bee pulled up againe as hereafter in this discourse wee shall speake more plainely of The Prince of Orange used also many times to place Redouts more inward within Musket-shot one of another to secure the Campe the horse guards are within the outmost Redouts but their horse-Sentinels are set out perdue beyond the furthest works and also beyond the foot-Sentinels which are alwaies plac't a good distance from the works upon the passages that they may give the alarme upon all occasions and so to retreat into the worke No Souldier during the time of his watch in any of these Redouts is to have his Bandilires off from about him nor any Pike-man his Gorget from about his necke their Peeces must be likewise loaded with powder and shot in a continuall readinesse and a Sentinell standing duly upon the brest-worke to discover the enemies approaches at which time the Officer which commands the worke is to place betwixt each two Musketires a Pike-man to make the better defence Those Officers that guard in such Redouts seldome or never carry their Colours with them but leave them in their Quarters with a guard passing upon them Both the Captain and the Ensigne are to march with their Company with each of them a Pike These Redouts are to bee releeved every night before Sunne-set with fresh Companies from the main Campe where no Souldier is to pull off his Armour or set downe his Pike or Musket untill they bee all entred the worke and the Sentinels set out in their due places Every severall Redout hath a particular name to distinguish one from the other and the Officers must draw Billets who shall have the guard in them so that no Officer shall aforehand know his guard to avoyd trecherie These Redouts may bee pallizado'd to make the defence more strong against the enemy which is performed after this manner when the worke is raised neere the toppe then lay in some sharpe stakes of hard wood a yard into the ground and as much out of the ground three quarters of a foot asunder but these kind of workes are seldome pallizado'd unlesse they be very great and set in dangerous places for assaulting Now wee are to shew how the maine Quarters are to be fortified wherein wee are to dispose the forme of it according as the situation shall direct us but by the way wee must make sure that no hilly ground bee neere the Quarters fearing left the enemy take it for his advantage and so annoy the Campe with his Ordnance if such a place should bee either it must bee levelled or else a worke raised upon it to defend it If an Army may have such an advantage to be quartered neere

device he having laine secret in Spinola's Campe many dayes together hee perswaded his Wife to goe to the Prince of Orange and complaine of a sicknesse her husband had caught in carrying his Brothers Letters to Breda through the waters in the Winter season and she earnestly besought him to pay the remainder of the reward promised her husband the Prince taking hold of this occasion being over-joyed in finding out this trusty Messenger did undertake to pay him what was owing him with much more if he would now once againe adventure to carry one of his Letters to the Towne as he had convayed many of his Brothers heretofore the woman knowing her lesson objected the danger of the passage and the disease of her husband but in conclusion she suffered her selfe to be wonne to it and with a feigned unwillingnesse undertooke to perswade her husband whereupon she departed to fetch her husband to the Prince who returned with her counterfeiting a lamenesse as if his feet had beene frozen by the frost in the Winter the Prince agreed a price with him and rewarded him delivering his Letters of secret importance to him to be conveyed to the Governour of Breda the fellow came directly to Spinola with it whereby hee understood all their designes for this Spinola gave him a yeerely pension for ever CHAP. CCXXXIV A Stratagem whereby the Prince of Orange had like to have gained Antwerpe Castle THe Prince of Orange lying neere Breda which Spinola had besieged had a designe to take in Antwerpe Castle upon an onslaught to which purpose he kept the passages of his Campe very close and also the Garrisons out of which he was to draw his Souldiers out that no intelligence might be given to the Enemy to frustrate his designe the charge of his Expedition was given to Brochem Drossard of Bergen-up-zome who had 1000 foot and 200 horse the Souldiers themselves knew nothing whether they were to march but to contrary places Command was given that they should take off their Orange-tawny Scarffes and put on red which was the King of Spaines colours and they were to give out that they were the King of Spaines men and that they marched to Antwerpe for provision of Victuals for indeed it was reported Spinola's men were at that time to goe to Antwerpe for the same purpose their Waggo●s were also covered with Canvasse and marked with the Burgundian Crosse as Spinolaes were these things furthered their project and confirmed the Peasants in their beleefe that they were their owne men so that they arrived under the Walles of Antwerpe Castle being protected by the extremity of a darke night they had made themselves a passage to the Bridge and were ready to beate open the Ports but by the vigilancie of one Andreas Cea an old Souldier that stood Sentinell they were discovered and put to retreit A DESCRIPTION OF ENGINES AND WARLIKE INSTRVMENTS SECT XIIII CHAP. CCXLIII The description of such Engines and Warlike Instruments as are prevalent in the Warres with the manner of using them and how to make them IN regard the managing of Warlike affaires cannot bee well performed without the knowledge and true use of all kind of Instruments that are or may be invented it is therefore very necessary to describe the fashion and operation of such as have beene formerly and now are at this present day invented and also invent some that have not formerly beene knowne by these a Commander in chiefe may defend his Army and offend his Enemy for by the use of such Stratagemicall Instruments many times a Victory or Conquest hath beene easily obtained and upon more certainer tearmes then to trust only to the Valour and Potencie of an Army For the Nature of Policie and Politique Instruments are to accomplish such things that strength cannot performe their operation being in a double respect as the Commander that makes use of them shall order and dispose so accordingly is their operation viz. making all difficulties Easie and againe contrarily making all things easie difficult And by this twofold Vertue the wisedome and Ingenuity of an Enemie is often foyled I have formerly spoken of the use of all kind of Artillery as being the principall Engine Here I will onely speake of the Nature and Condition of the Petard by the force of which all substantiall massie bodyes are dissolved and fittered in peeces this Engine is of the fashion of a Leatherne Bucket usually made of Brasse the Verges even that it may lye patte upon the Port you intend to blow-open If the Port be accessible then it is to be hung up by a Ring upon a peece of Iron skrewed into the Port with a Forke to stay it close and to keepe it from reversing the manner of charging it and the use of it is more largely discoursed of in the Treatise of Artillerie Page 113. 114. But if the Port bee inaccessible then it must be placed upon an Engine which will conduct it to the Port as by the next Figure following you may see at C the fashion of the Petard at the Letter A. the Forke at the Letter B. CHAP. CCXLIIII The use of the Granadoes how they are made and charged with powder and how they are to be discharged out of a Morter or throwne by the hand AGrando is one of the necessariest Engines belonging to the Warres in regard it anoyes and spoyles the Enemie when no other Weapon nor Engine can there are two sorts of them one to shoote in a Morter-peece the other sort is to bee cast by the hand amongst the Enemies over their Walls and workes Those that are to bee shotte out of Morter-Peeces are to be cast in Brasse for the principall Service or made of Glasse or Earth and these are to batter downe Walls and Roofes of houses and to breake amongst the Enemies Horse or Foot-Troopes there is another sort made of Canvas and that is used properly to set fire upon Houses and Townes of these I will discourse in particular and demonstrate them by Figure Those of Brasse ought to bee of a foote-Diameter made somewhat long-wayes in thicknesse an inch one end thereof is to have a Snowt like a Bottle and at the other end a Hole at the which it is to be charged and the said hole is to bee skrewed then there is a strong Skrew-Tappe to be made to fill the skrew-hole and that is hollow wherein is put slow-burning-Powder made of Cannon-Powder beaten fine and moystned with the oyle of Peeter mingled with some Charcole then it is corded over with Cord halfe an inch in distance one from th' other every way acrosse to keepe it from splitting or breaking in the discharging it the manner how to charge them is shewed in the Discourse of the use of Artillery This Figure following in the meane time will give you some light for your better understanding In this Precedent Figure you see the parts of the Granado and how it is to bee