name as designing only a Goddesse or Starre of sight generally which Cubar will well endure And those Eastern parts had euer anciently the Moon vnder both Sexes in their Deuotions Lunus k Spartian in Caracall vbi consulendus V. Cl. Is. Casaubonus and Luna Which seems not of yonger beginning then the adoration of the Sunne among the Persians which as the Crescent now to the Mahumedans was in some sort vsed and set vpon their Royall pauillions Patrio more Persarum saith l Curt. lib. 3. Xenophon lib. 8. Cyropaediae Curtius traditum est orto sole demùm procedere die iam illustri signum è tabernaculo Regis buccinâ dabatur Super tabernaculum vnde ab omnibus conspici possit image Solis crystauo inclusa fulgebat But of their Moon thus much And thus much of the Externall Ensigns of Maiestie Other particulars there are to this purpose But either so obsolet that our Age hath not to do with them as the carrying of Fier before the Persian and Roman Emperors the Ius Capillitij of France and the like Or so peculiar to some only that they are rather to be referd to the Countries custome and Ceremonie then Royall Maiestie TITLES OF HONOR SECOND PART PRinceps and Princeps Iuuentutis Caesar when first the Title for the apparant successor Rex Romanorum Despote Sebastocrator Caesar Panhypersebastus in the Eastern Empire The Despotes Crown An Innominat Title before Despote Daulphin The beginning cause and signification of that name in the French heirs Humbert Daulphin his Epitaph in Paris The Salique law and its interpretation Goropius his coniesture why the Franks allow not Womens gouernment Monsiuer title of the Brother and heire The custome of the French Peers being at the Queens Childbirth Clyto Clitunculus for the Saxon Princes Etheling or Adeling Errors of Polydore Duke of Normandie Prince of Wales when begun as proper to the Eldest son and heire of England Duke of Cornwall Prince of Scotland Duke of Rothsay Steward of Scotland Earldom of Rosse by Act of Parliament made as Appanage to the second sonnes in Scotland Infanta of Spain Prince of Astura The Pragmatica of Philip II. for writing to the Infanta of Spain CHAP. I. TO auoid the danger of an ensuing Anarchie as well in Electiue as Hereditarie Monarchies a designation hath vsually been of the next APPARANT HEIRE or successor and that by some honorary name In In the first of the Roman Empires infancie successors were by adoption appointed and stil'd Principes Iuuentutis The first example was in Octauian his adoption of Caius and Lucius sonnes of his daughter Iulia by Agrippa Yet as is before toucht with them Princeps alone was equiualent with the name of Emperor Otho to his a Tacit. Histor. 1. Annal. 1. Armie Nec priuatum me vocari sustineo Princeps a vobis nominatus nec Principem alio Imperante And of Augustus the same autor Lepidi atque Antonij arma in Augustum cessere qui cuncta discordijs ciuilibus fessa nomine Principis sub imperium accepit Thence came Principatus and b Tertullian lib. adu Hermog Principium to bee abstracts for their Power and Gouernment The affectation of this Title by the Emperors sprang from the vsuall name of Princeps Senatus which was before the Caesars known among them So did they in this preuent innouation Whereupon the dissembling Tiberius often c Dio. hist. 57. affiâ—md himself 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Emperor of the Armie but Prince of the Rest. But those who were constituted for succession had alwaies the addition of Iuuentutis to Princeps which Zonaras turns 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Prince of the Youth The two adopted by Octauian are exprest by this name in a Coine picturd with them circled thus C. L. CAESARES AVGVSTI F. COS. DESIG PRINC IVVENT in the hands of that noble Mark Velser of Auspourg Others like are extant with that Title being as is supposd worn out of that Ancyran monument where you read EQVITES ROMANI VNIVERSI PRINCIPEM .......... HASTIS ARGENTEIS DONATVM APPELLAVERVNT The defect is supplied by coniecture of two great and most learned Critiques Casaubon and Lipsius with IVV. C. for Iuuentutis Caium And as Princeps Senatus was chief in their Senatorian order in their free State before the Caesarean Empire was the name of Princeps Iuuentutis for a chief in the Ordo Equestris So is the sonne of C. Curio named by d Orat. in Vatinium videâ— Lips Elect. lib. 2. cap. 1. Cicero From Octauian vntill Hadrian this Title remain'd for the apparant successor Thence began Caesar to that purpose For although others before which were apparant successors had that name yet in them it was as a note of their family not of their hope to the Empire But Hadrian by this name adopted Aelius Verus Of him thus Spartian Primus tantùm Caesaris nomen accepit adoptione Adriani familiae principum adscriptus And a little after Nihil habet in vita sua memorabile nisi quod primus tantùm e Iul. Capitoâ—inus in Clod. Albino docet quibus insignibus vti Caesarem licuit ex Epistolâ Commodi Aug. Ad Albinum v. Capitolin in Vero Imp. Caesar est appellatus so Casaubon reads instructed out of a Ms. in the French Kings Library non testamento vt antea solebat neque eo modo quo Traianus est adoptatus sed eo propè genere quo nostris temporibus à vestra Clementia he writes to Diocletian Maximinianus atque Constantius Caesares dicti sunt quasi quidam principum filij Viri designati Augustae maiestatis Haeredes Which disproues the tradition of Aur. Victor that in the adoption of Hadrian by Traian the name of Caesar first was the mark of succession Abhinc diuisa saith he nomina Caesarum atque Augusti inductúmque in Remp. vti duo seu plures summae potentiae dissimiles cognomento ac potestate dispari sint Caesar was then what remains to this day in the Western Empire known more vsually by REX ROMANORVM Which began with the Translation it seems of the Empire out of Greece into France Of the inauguration of Charles le magne writes Sigebert Karolo Regi Imperatorias laudes acclamant eúmque per manum Leonis Papae Coronant Caesarem Augustum appellant Pipinum verò filium eius Regem Italiae Ordinatum collaudant But it s obserud that after Charles surnam'd Crassus all the Emperors before him being meerly hereditarie enioying their Title not so much by Coronation or Vnction as right descendible no other stile was assum'd till Consecration from the Pope but Rex Romanorum and that it being had thenceforth they were all writen Augusti and Imperatores and so in their Charters was it by themselues obserud with Anno Regni so much Imperij so much Quod omnes saith a De Comitijs Imperatorijs Onuphrius posteà eius of Charles the Grosse
the fifts daughters to the Daulphin of Viennois saies ita suos Principes vocitabant Allobroges And in a Monasterie of the â—acobits at Paris I speak it vpon the credit of o Cosmog lib. 3. part 2. cap. 40. P. Merula the Epitaph of Humbert is thus conceiud Cy gist le pere tres illustre Seigneur Humbert iadis Dauphin de Viennois puis Laissant sa principaute fuit fait frere de nostre ordre Prieur de ce CoueÌ„t de Paris et en fine Patriarche d'Alexandrie et perpetuel Administrateur de l' Archeuesché de Reims Principal Bien-facteur de ce nostre Couent Il mourut l'an du grace mil trois cens cinquante cinq Hence som collection may be that Daulphin or Dauphin is taken as signyficant for Prince But not euery heire apparant with them is called Daulphin It s only the sonne and heire which hath indeed its ground in the first Donation Euery other heire apparant supposing their law Salique which excludes Females is calld the Monsieur as not many yeers since Francis Duke of Alençon and brother and heire to Henrie III. and in the memory of our Fathers Francis Duke of Engoulesme brother to Lewes II. and afterward King For their law Salique because few know any thing of it though all talk of it and it belongs to this purpose a word or two There are yet remaining and in p Edit Optima ap Goldast Constit Imperial Tom. 3. Print Leges Salicae composd as they say by foure Counsellors about Pharamunds time Wisogast Bodogast som call him Losogast Salogast and Windogast or Husogast In them you shall read thus De terra verò Salica nulla portio Haereditatis Mulieri veniat sed ad Virilem sexum Tota terrae haereditas perueniat The best interpretation of Terra salica although some will haue q Apud Hadrian Iun. in Batauiae cap. 9. it Regiam Terram Dominium Coronae Maiestatis Regiae Francorum is by our word Knights fee or land held by Knights seruice Som deriue it from * Goropius Francic ib. 2. Sal contracted from Sadel or Sadle signifying alike with vs and the old Franks which were Teutonique and calld also Salians And not long since in an Arrest in the Parliament at Burdeaux vpon controuersie r Bodin de Repub lib. 6. cap. 5. twixt two Gentlemen for priority of their houses a very old Testament being produced whereby the Testator had deuised his Salique land it was resolud in point of iudgement that this name interpreted Fiefs And who knows not that Fiefs originally were militarie gifts and as the same with our Knights Fees But the Crown or any suprem Dominion cannot be calld a Fief or Fee whose essence consists in beeing held by some tenure And good Lawiers haue thought that the text extends no otherwise Whereupon I think one now liuing s Hierom. Bignon de l'excellencie des Rois. liure 3. at Paris speaking of their Royall succession by them allowd only to Masles makes it rather a perpetuall custom then particular Law Ce n'est point saith he vn loye ecritte mais nee auec nous que nous n'auons point inventée mais l'auons puisse de Nature mesme qui le nous a ainsi apris donne cet instinct But why then is it call'd Salique and why was that law so vrg'd against our Soueraign of famous memorie Edward III. To be long and curious vpon this matter fits not this place But Goropius vndertakes a coniecture of the first cause which excluded Gynaecocratie or femall succession and gouernment among them and ghesses it to haue proceeded from their obseruation of a great misfortune in Warre which their neighbours the Bructerans a people anciently about the now Ouer-Isel one of the XVII Prouinces from neer whom he as many others deriues the Franks endur'd in time of Vespasian vnder the conduct and Empire of one e v. Tacit. Histor 4. Velleda a Ladie euen of diuine estimation amongst them But howsoeuer the Law be in truth or interpretable it is certain that to this day they haue a vse of ancient time which commits to the care of some of the greatest Peers that they when the Queen is in child-birth be present and warily obserue least the Ladies should priuily counterfeit the enheritable sex by supposing som other Male when the true birth is female or by any such means wrong their ancient custom Roiall as of this Lewes XIII born on the last of September in M. DC is after other such f Rodulph Boter Comment 8. rememberd Before the title of Daulphin I find not any speciall name for the French heir apparant Both He and his brothers are vsually in their old stories calld generally Reges as the Children of the Saxon Kings with vs are g V. Ethelwerd lib. 2. cap. 18. recentiorum complures Clytones or Clytunculi Dedit etiam consilium Edricus vt Clitunculos Eadwardum Eadmundum Regis Eadmundi filios necaret saith Roger of Houeden This Clyto Clito and Clitunculus they had from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. inclytus by which they interpreted their Saxon word Eðeling Etheling i. Noble One h Nith Angilbert hist. lib. 4. Atqui Vet. Saxonum Gens in Nobiles Liberos Libertos Seruos dispertita est ab Einhardo apud Adam Bremens hist. Eccles. cap. 5 Abbat Vrspergensem speaking of the German Saxons vnder Charles le maine hath Gens omnis in tribus ordinibus diuisa consistit Sunt n. inter illos qui Edhilingi that is Ethelingi sunt qui Frilingi sunt qui Lazzi illorum linguâ dicuntur Latinâ verò linguâ sunt Nobiles Ingenuiles atque seruiles And that Edgar sonne to Edward sonne of Edmond Ironside the last heire to the Crown of the Saxon line not mixt with the Norman is in Houeden Marian Florence and others calld Clyto Edgarus Clyto whom Henry of Huntingdon Matthew Paris and such more stile Edgarus Etheling i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pro VV. Nobilissimis vt videtur Ducibus siue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sumitur Canut leg cap. 55. or Adeling where by the way note Polydore's ignorance titling him Edgarus cognomento Ethelingius his surname being no more Etheling then the now Englands Darling Charles his is Prince or indeed then Polydore's was Ignorant After the Conquest no speciall title more then Primogenitus filius Regis was for the Prince vntill the name of PRINCE OF WALES came to him Yet Polydore speaking of Henry the first his making his sonne William Duke of Normandie addes hinc mos serpsit vt Reges deinceps Filium Maiorem natu quem sibi successorem optassent Normanniae principatu donarent But the time which interceded Henry the first and K. Iohn vnder whom Normandie was lost will not iustifie any such thing as an honorarie Duty to the English Heires He afterward in Henry III. his XXXIX yeer saies that in Parliament Edwardus Regis filius he
which was afterward Edward I. vt maturiùs ad res gerendas grauiores experiens redderetur fit Walliae Princeps simúlque Aquitaniae ac Hyberniae praefectus Vnde natum vt deinceps vnusquisque Rex hoc secutus institutum Filium maiorem natu Walliae Principem facere consueuerit It is true that Wales with Gascoigne Ireland and some other Territories in England were giuen to this Prince Edward vppon his marriage with Elianor daughter to Alfonso King of Spain Yet the Principality of Wales was not in that gift so speciall to this purpose For after the other it comes in the Patent in these words only k Archiu 39. Hen. 3. Vnà cum conquestu nostro Walliae When this Edward was King he made his sonne Edward of Caernaruan Prince of Wales a more particular course in policie vsd about it is in som of our stories whither I referre you and by that name and Earle of Chester sommond him to Parliament But all these made nothing to inuest the Title perpetually in the Heirs apparant although some haue deliuerd otherwise For this Edward of Caernaruan afterward Edward II. sommond his eldest sonne Prince Edward by the name of Earle of Chester and Flint only But when this Prince was King Edward III. he in Parliament first creats his sonne the Black Prince Duke of Cornwall quod primogenitus filius Regis Angliae qui foret hereditabilis Regno Angliae foret Dux Cornubiae quod Ducatus Cornubiae foret semper extunc primogenitis filijs Regum Angliae qui foret proximus haeres predicto Regno and giues him diuers possessions annext to the Duchie l Pat. 11. Ed. 3. memb 1. chart 1 Tenendum eidem Duci ipsius haeredum suorum Regum Angliae Filijs primogenitis et dicti loci Ducibus Since when the eldest sonnes of our Soueraigns haue been by law accounted Dukes of Cornwall in the first instant of their birth Neither only the eldest in respect of absolut primogeniture but also the second or other after the death of the first or former on whom this Title was so cast as it was lately resolud vpon good and mature reason grounded by diuers autorities and presidents for the now most noble Prince Charles Not long after the same Black Prince was inuested in the Principality of Wales Tenendum sibi heredibus Regibus Angliae since when neither is the true beginning of this Title of any other time The heirs apparant haue been honord with PRINCE OF WALES some hauing been created in like forme others only calld so The last creation was in that most hopefull blossom vntimely cropt out of Britains Garden Prince Henry whose title also was often Prince of Great Britain In Scotland the eldest sonne heire is born PRINCE OF SCOTLAND Duke of Rothsay and Stewart of the Kingdom The title of Duke of Rothsay hath so been since m Circa câ—â— cccc Robert III. first honord his eldest sonne Prince Dauid with it Yet Henry Lord Darley had it also before his marriage with Queen Mary And as Rothsay to the eldest so the Earldom of Rosse is in Scotland to the second sonne Thus speaks the n Parl. 9. Iacob 3. cap. 71. act of Parliament vnder Iames III. Our Souueraigne Lord with consent of his three Estaites of the Realme annexis till his Crowne the Earledome of Rosse with the Pertinents to remaine thereat for euer Swa that it sall not be leiffull to his hienesse or his aires nor his successoures to make alienation of the saide Erledome or ony part thereof fra his Crowne in ony wise saifand that it salbe leiffull to him and them to giue the said Erledome at their pleasance till any of his or their secunde sonnes lauchfully to be begotten twixt him and the Queene So in a manner are the Appanages in France and the Duchie of York with vs and the like In imitation of the English honor of Prince of Wales the INFANT and heir of SPAIN Infant is but o Infantes dicti passim Regum filij Roderico Toletano Rod. Santio vt Hispanicè Infantes Sonne or Child as in France les enfans le Roy had the title of Prince of Astura Principe de las Asturias which began first in Henry sonne of Iohn 1. King of Castile and Lions and afterward Henry III. of that Dominion to whom Iohn q Ita Stephanus de Garibay in Compend Histor. Hisp. lib. 15. cap. 25. ab co vulgus quòd Principem Hispaniae siue Castellae compellant Haeredem Regni arguitur of Gaunts daughter Catharine was giuen in marriage Som of their p Roderic Sant part 4. cap 22. Duque de Alencastre in Stephan de Garibay Stories ignorantly stile him Dux Alencastriae and Glocestriae aiming questionles at Lancastriae and Leicestriae for he was Earl of Leicester To that Henry and Catharine Vt Asturum Principes vocarentur datum saith Mariana more ex Anglia translato vbi Regum filij maiores Walliae Principes nominantur quod ab hoc initio susceptum ad nostram aetatem conseruatur vt Castellae Regum maiores Filij Asturum Principes sint quibus annis consequentibus Vbeda Biatia Illiturgisque sunt adiectae In the Spanish Pragmatica of câ—â— D. LXXXVI For Titles it is ordered that the Infants and Infantas of Spain shall only haue the Title of Highnesse And in the top of Letters to them shall be only writen My Lord Sennor and in the end God keep your Highnesse only and vpon the Superscription To my Lord the Infant Don N. or To my Lady the Infanta Donna N. And that Highnesse without addition is to bee vnderstood only of the Prince heir and successor Dux in the times before the Caesarean Empire And in it Limitum Duces Ducatus Tunicae Ducales Ducianum iudicium Comites and the beginning of the Honorary Comitiua vnder Constantine His Counts of three Ranks The President of making a Count of the first Rank Dukes and Counts of the first Rank made equall Comitiua Vacans and Honorarie Titles without gouernment or administration giuen about the declining Empire 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Kings Friend 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the later Greek Empire Comitiua Secundi Ordinis How the name of Count was both equall and vnder Duke Dukes and Counts at will of their supreme anciently If a Duke then should haue XII Counties vnder him The beginning of this and other Titles to be Feudall and hereditarie in the Empire The ceremony of giuing Prouinces by deliuering of one or more Banners The making of the Marquisat of Austria a Dukedom The Archdukes name his habit and Crown in ancient Charters Imperiall Magnus Dux Lithuaniae 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hereditarily giuen by Constantine the great to the Prince of Athens vpon weak credit Power giuen to the Duke of Austria being made a King to create a Duke of Carniola The difference of Dukes in the Empire Who of them
Botulphi quicquid ad Tronagium Pesagium pertinet the beginning is G. Regis H Filius Dux Britanniae Comes Richmundiae where it appears he vsed Dux as different and better then Comes In England vntill Edward III. from the Norman conquest of the Saxon times presently the greatest Title next to the Prince was Count Comes now calld Earle But Edward III. created his sonue and heir Edward the Black Prince Duke of Cornwall per g 11. Ed. 3. Camdenus Sertum in capite Annulum in Digito virgam argenteam which afterward was vsd of gold Richard the II. inuested Thomas Earle of Notingham with the Dukedom of Norfolk h Pat. 21. Rich. 2 Rot. Parl. 3 Hen. 6. art 1. per appositionem cappae suo Capiti traditionem virgae aureae The Sertum was nothing but the Ducal Crown as at this day I think Fleuronée For that of the Ring it is familiar in most ancient story that the deliuery of a Ring was a signe of Principalitie giuen as in Pharaohs giuing a Ring to Ioseph in that of Ahaswerush or Xerxes reported in Esther to Haman in Alexanders doing the like to Perdiccas which made some i Q. Curt. lib. 10 Plutarch in AAlex alij consulas 1. Maccab. cap. 6. com 15. de Antiocho think him the truly designed successor And when the two Mahumedans Alem or Ali and Muhauias vpon controuersie for the Dominion of Syria were contented to submit themselues to the iudgment of the old men that so the arbitrators might haue a sufficient power iudiciall they deliuerd to them their Rings 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith my k Theophanes ap Porphyrog de ad Rom. Imp. cap. 21. autor 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. which is a signe of Principalitie among the Hagarens And Lewes surnamd the Grosse of France Filium suum Ludouicum annulo inuestiuit in part of his Kingdom as one l Suger Abb. Vit. Lud. Craessi that writs his life remembers How a Ring in the Coronations of Kings is vsed the diuers and publisht orders of them shew Fac nobis reddi Coronam Annulum purpuram Caeteráque ad Inuestituram Imperialem pertinentia are the m Helmold Chron. Slauor 1. cap. 32. words of those Bishops which came to the Emperor Henry v. to depose him Of the Ring we shall haue more occasion to speak anon in another n Vbi de iure Annulorum Aur. place Both Rod and Ring were vsd anciently in Imperiall and Royall inuestitures of Bishopriques which were proportionat to Counties or Dukedoms and therefore may be opportunely here rememberd The great controuerfies about it twixt that Henry v. and Pope Paschal the 11. and at length the same Emperors remitting his right to Calixtus 11. are easily known out of the stories of those times The custom of the o Georgius Phranz lib. 3. cap. 19. Constantinopolitan Empire was as for the Staffe alike And in this Isle à multis annis retroactis saith Iugulph Abbot of Crowland he liud at the Norman Conquest nulla electio praelatorum erat merè libera Canonica sed Omnes Dignitates tam Episcoporum quam Abbatum per Annulum Baculum Regis Curia pro sua complacentia conferebat The rod or Pastoralis baculus as they calld it was vsually kept in the Bishoprique or Monasterie and at euery new inuestiture deliuerd by the King or other Patron as the case was to the new elect For the p Ita Malmesb. de Gest. Pontific lib. 3. in Episcop Lindisfarnensibus lib. 2. de gest Reg. cap. 8. ex Archiu Glascon Election was in the Clergie but the confirmation by this means with staffe or rod or Ring And therefore when K. Edgar most liberally gaue new priuiledges to Glastenbury yet sibi suisque haeredibus tribuendi fratri Electo pastoralem Baculum potestatem retinuit Afterward Henrie 1. about that same time when Pope Paschal so much opposd it in the Empire Anselm Archbishop of Canterburie being a speciall ageâ—t herein for the See of Rome inuestituram Annuli Baculi indulsit in perpetuum retento tamen so saies the Monk of Malmesburie Electionis Regalium priuilegio And q De gest Pontific lib. 1. de hac re Turba Monachorum Concessit Papa vt Rex homagia de electis acciperet sed nullum per Baculum annulum inuestiret In report whereof all our Stories consent Which makes me suspect this relation in Matthew Paris A. D. M. C. XIII Rex Henricus dedit Archiepiscopatum Cantuariensem Rodulpho Londoniensi Episcopo illum per Annulum Pastoralem Baculum inuestiuit This Rodulph or Ralph was successor to Anselm but was not Bishop of London but of Rochester Neither do the more ancient Stories of Florence Houeden Huntingdon Malmesbury and the like speak of this kind of inuestiture to him Matthew of Westminster follows the words of Paris only he hath in him misprinted Richardo for Rodulpho But after that remission by the King it s not likely he would so soon vse the ceremonie about which so much difference and controuersie had been Neither would the See of Rome haue bin so silent vpon such a r Haeresis de Inuestitura eo aeuo nonnullis dicta Goffrid Abbas Vindocinens Opuscul tract 〈◊〉 v. Anselm Epist. 12. Iuonem Carnot Epist. 257. fact as at that time specially it so much impugned But long after when England discharged it self of that Romish yoake this liberty of collation and inuestiture but not with these ceremonies was resnmd to the Crown by act of Parliament s Stat. 1. Ed. 6. cap. 2. quod rescidit Parliamentum 1. Mar. Sess. 2. cap. 2. quod etiam caput Mariae refixit Parliam 1. Iacob Sess. 1. cap. 25. constituting that without any Conge d'Eslier the King might bestow Archbishopriques and Bishopriques by his letters Patents which should bee to all intents and purposes as though Conge d'eslier had been giuen the election duely made and the same confirmed This was vnder Edward VI. and repealed by Q. Marie whose act of Repeale stands now also repealed But this out of the way How those Ceremonies belong to Bishops now especially of the Roman Church you may best learn from a Durant de Ritib Eccles. 2. cap. 9. aly Writers whose direct purpose is of things of that matter Yet some creations of the time of Edward III. haue nothing of the Rod. When Iohn of Gaunt was made Duke of Lancaster in Parliament the King ceincta as the b Rot. Pal. 36. Ed. 3. membr 4. Roll speaks son dit filz Iohan d'un Espeie mist sur sa eeste vn Cappe furre disus vn Cercle d' or de peres luy nosma fist Duc de Lancastre Here is the Cap the Crown the Sword but no Rod. Vnder Rihard II. c Parl. 9. R'ch 2. memb 5. art 15. Thomas Duke of Glocester is inuested in Parliament pâ—r Gladij cincturam
affection might seem to preuent iudgment when the father gaue them And at length both Princes and subiects receiud the Order oftimes of subiects as in examples anon plentifully appears Out of the customs of these ancient and Northern Nations came it that afterward Knighthood was by girting with a sword and the difference twixt making the Princes sonne and other his subiects Knights as to this rememberd purpose grew out of vse Frederique Barbarossa in M. C. LXXII held a great feast at Mentz and that vt filium suum are the words of an h Arnold Lubecens hist Slauor 3. cap. 9. v. Radeuic de gest Frederic 1. cap. 6. alios innumeros aeui medij Ancient Henricum Regem militem declararet Gladium Militiaesuper femur eius potentissimum accingeret So in France England elsewhere the Kings made their sonnes Knights as at this day although sometimes they requested it keeping the steps of that Longobardian Custome of a neighbour Prince as examples in their place shall shew And for that of Girding I will not with the vulgar deriue it so much from Rome as from a generall consent or rather conueniencie mongst all people It 's true indeed that in the Roman State the Cingulum militiae was the speciall note of that honor and was the same with their auratus and constellatus Balteus i. a Belt deckt with gold and stones which yet was not any denoting ornament of their Equites but of all those who had vndergone their solemne oath of warfare and were knowne i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Suidas by the name of Milites or Militantes And these when they sate in Court Banquets or with the Emperor kept on their Girdles alwayes and so their swords especially after that of Salonin sonne to Gallien who on a time being a boy slily stole away those rich Belâ—s or Girdles which their souldiers Militantes had laid off in the Court when they sate to the Table whereupon at the next feast they all sate Girded and being demanded why they put not off their Belts they answer'd Salonino deferimus as if the fault were Salonin's lest he should steale them againe Atque hinc tractus mos saith my k Trebel Pollio in Gallienis Autor vt deinceps cum Imperatore cincti discumberent Hence in Law and Storie often occurres 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 123. cap. 28. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 exautorare Herodiano in Iuliano V. Codin 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pa. 100. i. amittere cingulum militiae for to be disabled to haue place or ranke in the field And Cingulum Militiae for the honor of a souldier as also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. qui Cingulum deposuerunt are vnder m Synod Nicena Can. 1â— Constantine the Great such as had for Conscience left their Military Order in regard of the incompatibilitie of the then vsd superstitions in the Camp and Christianitie But more late times in the Empire yet very ancient haue by their Cingulum not onely verbally but really exprest other committed or created Dignities as well as their common honor Militarie Qui praesentes in Comitatu illustris Dignitatis Cingulum meruerint aut quibus absentibus Cingulum illustris mittitur Dignitatis and such like are remembred in a n C. tit vt Dignitat Ordo seru. l. 2. Constitution of Theodosius and Valentinian and King Theodorique to Count Colosseus o Cassiodor Variar 3. epist. 23. giues the gouernment of part of Pannonia in these words Proinde prosperis initiatus auspicijs ad Sirmiensem Pannoniam quondam sedem Gallorum proficiscere Illustris Cinguli Dignitate praecinctus and the Comitiua primi Ordinis Vacantis is p Idem Var. 6. Formul 12. calld Otiosi Cinguli honore praecincta Dignitas and qui sine Cingulo codicillos tantum honorariae Dignitatis adepti sunt are in that constitution last mention'd Diuers testimonies like wiâ—l offer themselues to any reading the Codes And vpon Salonin's stealing the Belts the most learn'd Casaubon obserues that it respects the old custom of Magistrates and others like vnderstand such as with their Office or Dignities had ius gladij or Militarie rank which neuer came in sight of their Prince but Cincti Girded and with other ensigns of their Title He notes it out of q Homil. in 1. ad Corinthios 26. Chrysostom 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith the holy Father 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that no Magistrate or Gouernour should presume to appear before the Emperor without his Belt and Militarie Coat In which sense an r Bonifacius Caus. 11. quaest 1. c. 8. Nullus old Popes Canon prohibiting that no Bishop should come before any Ciuill or Militarie Iudge addes Magistratus ne qui hoc iâ—bâ—re ausus fuerit amissionis Cinguli condemnatione plectetur And in stories of other Nations nothing is more certain then the vse and talking of being Girded including the sword for well armed In Thebes were two Statues of Minerua Zosteria by Amphitryo's That Title was giuen to Minerua there as the Greeks reported because in that place Amphitryo took armes in his expedition against the Euboeans For Zosteria comes from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. accingi which the s Pausanias 〈◊〉 Baeotic ancients vsd for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. armis se induere whereupon in the description of Agamemnon Homer t Iliad 〈◊〉 makes him like loue in his visage Neptune in his breast but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. like Mars in his Girdle belt or indeed as it interprets armor So 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if you said Cingula Bellonae is u Callimach hymn ad Apollinem v. 1. Macab cap. 3. com 58. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 very anciently for Men of Warre And the Belt is thus by Isidore describd Balthus Cingulum militare est dictus propter quod ex eo signa dependent ad demonstrandam Legionis Militaris summam id est Sex milium sexcentorum ex quo numero ipsi consistunt Vnde Baltheus dicitur non tantum quo cingitur sed etiam à quo arma dependent As then by consent of Romans Grecians and other Nations the Belt or beeing girded with a Sword was both the main part of Martiall acoulâ—rement and vnder it the whole was comprehended so mongst our Northerns I meane from Italie Northward it specially succeeded into the room of that solemn taking Armes for a Knights outward ensign of Nobilitie the creating of a Knight in that kind being but as an honoring his worth or hopes with Princely allowance for the field as Iulian to Leontius x Iulian. in Epistolis granted 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i vsum armorum And so great was the respect had to Souldiers and such as were militiae cingulo honestati in those ancient times more particulars of priuiledges and prerogatiues you haue in the titles De Testamento Militari and such like in the Imperiall laws that
Hidata Terra non Hidata 271 Hide of Land 271 Hidage what 270 Hippobatae 333 Hlafe afford Hlafford 61. Hlafe-die for Ladie 61 Honor and Reuerence Parents to Maiestie 121 Honor and Vertue their Temple in Praefat. Honorarij Codicilli 185. 220 Holland Earldom when began 194. 195 Holds 225 Holy Iland 248 Horse from it the name of Knight in all languages but English 332. 333. See in Haire Hunggiar a Turkish Title 103. giuen to a great fat Hog by Ismael Sophi in dishonor of Baiazeth 104 Humbert Daulphin 172 Hugh le Bigod his surrendring the Earldome of Norfolk 231 I IAuan vsd sometimes for Syria 75. 76 Iariffe i. Seriph 97 Iacupbeg 105 Ic dien 272 Idolatrie its beginning 9 Iewes their honoring of the New Moon 164. See in Sunne and in Childbirth Their Oaths Contracts and Seales 328. 329 Iewish Kings Crown 153 Ilethyia for Lucina whence 165 Illustres 383. 385 Imperator the name 19. 20. seq See Emperor Imperator Dominus to the Kings of England 25. 26. 35 Imperatori Proximus a Title 172 Images of the Roman Nohilitie in Praefat. Infulae 149 Inferiors to superiors their forme of speaking 114. 115 In Hoc Vince 16â— Infantes and Infanta 179 Inuestiture of Prouinces 1â—1 See in Duke Marquesse Count c. and in Bishops Iudex Fiscalis 221. 227 Ioannes cognomento Digitorum 56 Iohn an vnluckie name to Kings 205 Ioannes Belul for Prester Iohn 15. 86 Ioannes Encoe ibid. Iohn of Sarisburie vnder Henrie 11. requested the Pope to giue Ireland to Henrie 11. 56 Iohn afterward King of England made Lord of Ireland with a Crowne of feathers sent from the Pope 57. and afterwards would haue been a Mahumedan and sent for the Alcoran 102 Iosuah Ben Nun remembred in old columns erected by some that fled out of Canaan into Mauritania Tingitania in his time 70 Iochabelul i. Prester Iohn 87 Ireland its Kings anciently 31. 57. See in Dominus in Henry 11. in Iohn of Sarisb in Iohn King Subiect to Edgar a good part of it 55 Ireland Dukes of Ireland 58 Iupiters Tombe in Crete and his Epitaph 12. See in Baal His statue vsd to be had in Oaths 158 Iupiter Labradeus his statue 155 his statue in Constantinople 159 Iudith her story examined with coniectures on it 33. 34. not knowen to the Iewes but from Europe 33 Iulian Apostata forbidding to be called Dominus 48 Iudas of Galilee Autor of the Sect which would not allow any Prince the name of Lord. 49 Iuliers made of a Marquisate a Countie 214 Ius Aureorum disputed 324. seq K KArolouitz 78 Karm in Scythian 90 Keshish 110 Kelchyn 286 Kessar i. Caesar. 28 Keyser 70 Kentish-mens Prerogatiue anciently to be in the Uantgard in Praefat Kingdomes how begun 2. 3. seq vsque ad 17 King and Emperor their difference in the Roman Empire 20. seq See in Rex Kings in Clientela Imperatoris 28 Kings subiect to the Empire properly no Kings 29. seq King whence in seuerall languages 44 King crowned before born 145 Kings Freind 185 Kings see in Swearing in Crowns in Annointed in Scepter in Crosse in Knighting in Dukes c. Kings denominating their Nations 74. 75. 76 Kissilpassa whence 83. 106 Kissing the Emperors foot 38. kissing the forefinger or hand in adoration 38. kissing the bands 39 40 forbidden ibid. Hands Knees and Feet ibid. Popes foot 39. 40. why the hand was kissed 40. kissing at Farewels 42. Head Eies and Hands 42. kissing of Iacob by Esau. 42 A Statute against kissing the King 43. Numidian Princes why not kist 43. after Praiers and of Charitie 43. That Templars might not kisse a woman 373 Kidermister first Baronie in England by Creation by Patent 282 Knights and knighting some Course in the ancientest times like knighting 306. by giuing the deseruing arms and bauing him sit at his fathers Table 307. 308 Knighthood receiued from whom 308 Girding in knighthood 309. 310. seq by giuing a blow on the care 312. first mention of a Knighthood in England 313 Knighthood giuen by Churchmen 313. 314. Holie Ceremonies in the ancient taking of Knighthood in England and elswhere 314. Fees at the Knighting of a Great man anciently 315. Kings knighted by their subiects 315. by other Kings ibid. Knighting by meaner men 316. by a Knight of his owne power 317. form of knighting now 317. a supreme Prince may knight in any Territorie 317. No Knight to be made anciently vnlesse descended of Noble Parentage 318. a Knights Fee 319. and Relief ibid. by what value one may be compelld to take the Order 319. 320 322. Knight with land and without land 320. a Knights Equipage House and Furniture exempt from execution and issues 321. 322. his Arms discendible to his heirs 322. 323. Knights seale 323. if that were a Right of Knighthood 323. Aids to knighting 330. The Father being no Knight shall not haue aid to make the sonne a Knight 331. Knighting discharges Wardship and how 332. whence the name of Knight in seuerall languages 332. Knights Bachelors 336. 337. DegradatioÌ„ of a Knight 337. striking a Knight punished with losse of the hand 339. See in Bath in Banneret in Orders Knighthood to a Mahumedan by a Christian Emperor 380 Knecht 333 Knaue how it anciently signified 341 Knape Knabe 341 Knesi i. Dukes 27 Kneeling to Princes 4â— the answere of Philip 11. of Spain in excuse being saluted with kneeling 42 Konigin 44 Kopach the Russian Emperours Cap. 152 L LAws wont to bee sung and thence called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 15 Laws Ciuile when first profest in Praefat. Lauerd for Lord. 61 Ladie 61 Lars Lartes 59 Latins 75 Lazar and Lazars 78 Lamorabaquin in Froissart what 89 Laurell in Triumph 139. whence it was taken and of what tree 148 for the Caesars ibid. against Thunder ibid. Lazi Kings might not weare purple 144 Labarum and its form 161 Lazzi what 177 Lantgraue 221. 222. 246 Lancaster made a Palatinat 247 Lancaster sword 31 Lairds of Scotland 288 Letters 16. Lewes 11. See Basilius Leo X. gaue Henrie VIII the name of Defender of the faith 79. Leshari 105 Leuderique Bishop of Breme taxed of pride for vsing the name of Pastor and such like 118 Lewes XIII of France born 176 Leicester Earldom 235 Leod Bishop 225. 204 Leudes what 264 Leornung Cnechts 333 Leitou Palatins 249 Lewhelin Prince of Wales 275 Liuerie and seisin in some sort of England to the Normans 34 Lilith what 164 Limitum Duces 183. 209 Lithuania 193. 249 Liuonia 194. 240 Lindisfarn 248 Lord. See in Dominus in Iudas of Galilee in Hlafford and of the deriuation of the name 59. 60. 61 expressing a Baron 284 Louerd for Lord. 61 Loof and Loef 61 Lodouicus and Chlouis the same 71. 72. 78 London custome 265 Lords in curtesie 284 Lombards or Longobards 294 Lucanicus and Lucanica 72 Lucius first Christian King of Britain 78 Lunus and Luna 167 Lycosura first Citie according to Graecian
Palatin See in Durham in Lancaster in Elie in Hexamshire and in Comes Palatij Palatini Archiduces 193 Palatin whence so calld 241. seq Palazins 242. 246. Count du Palais 242. 243. Deriuation of the Nature and Name otherwise then the Vulgar 244. 245. Of the Empire 246. of France ibid. of England 246. 247. 248. of Poland See in Vaiuods Palatinatus 249 Palatij Custos Comes 242. 388 389 Parlaments 226. 227. 274. 278. and see in Barons and Mikelsynods and in Wittenagemots Patro in Cicero 259 Pares Baronum Comitum 275. 277 Pares and Peers in attainder 285 Pares and Peers in Our Law 345. 346. 347. and amerciament per Pares 347. and Pares Regij 348 Pares or Peers of France their number and Dignitie 349. See Peers Parium conuentus 350 Pares Curtis 348 Pagham or Paganham in Sussex 301 Peleg 7 Pentateuch in Greek before Plato 15 Perseus King of Macedon his inscription of letters to P. Aemylius 29 Persian Empire the speciall honor of it anciently 33. See in Salutations iu Ali in Sophi in Shach in Ismael in Nisan in Cafe in Kissiplassa in Othomaniques in Aelamits in Magi. Persian Kings Title at large anciently 112. and the inauguration 135. See in Eagle in Tiar in Melophori in Sun in Salchodai in Mithra Peacocks feathers Crown 57 Peers at the Childbirth 176 Peers See Pares Pesagium granted 199 Peetermen of Louan 372 Pfaltzgrauen 221. 245 Phoebitius 9 Philip of Valois his letters to Edward III. about not calling him King of France 30 Phoenician letters what they were 69. 70 Pharaoh 72. 73. the speciall names of those Pharaohs in holie writ 73. the word what it is 74. Pharaohs Diadem 141 Phateme Mahumeds daughter 100 Philetaerus his Crown and Coin 145 Pit and Gallows of Scotland 286 Plato if hee read the Bible 15 Plurall number why vsed to or of a singular person 114 Pope titled Doctor only by the Moscouit 28. if he gaue him the Title of Emperor ibid. See in Florence in England in Anselm in Fatuitas in Leo in Kissing No Emperor writes himself more then Elect or Rex Romanorum till annointed by the Pope 171. seq 387 Porphyrogenitus whence what 81. seq to whom giuen ibid. Porphyra a house for the Empresse to be deliuerd in 82. 83 Pontus Euxinus 90 Posoch the Crosse on the Muscouits Cap. 152 Porphyrius whence the name 144 Pomum Imperiale 158 Polack Nobilitie 240. 249 Prometheus the first that ruled and was King according to Greek vanitie 116. his hauing a Crown 142. 143 Princeps Principatus 19 Prester Iohn 85. called Beldigian Ioannes Enco Belul Gian Iochabellul 86. 87. not titled Emperor of the Abisens but Ethiopians 86. Presbyter Ioannes and Prester Iehan how these names came to be giuen him 87. the confusion of the names of the Asiatique Prestigiani and the Ethiopian Emperor 87. his Title at large 88 Prestigiani i. Apostolique 87. 88 Pristijuan 88 Priti Ioan. in Praef. Protosymbulus 23. 377 Prouinciall of Rome 80. 130. Princes of the Empire 116 Pragmatica of Spain touching Titles and Dignities 126. 180. 206. 214 Princeps Iuuentutis 169 Princeps Senatus 170 Prince of Wales when first in the heires apparant of England 177. 178 Prince of Scotland 179 Prencipe de las Asturias 179 Prussia giuen to the Duke 191. Dukes in Prussia 194 240 Protocomes Angliae 239 Primus Comes Palatinus 242 Protosebastus 246 Principautes 256 Punique See in Tongues Purple how a Note Royall and when first 83. See in Shooes Purpureus what it signifies 144 Punishment See in Crosse in Othes in Pit and Gallows Q QVen Quena 44. 246 Queen whence deriued 44 Quirinus and Quirites whence 149 R RAdiant Helme 140. For Radiant see in Florence and in Sun Rabbins interpretation of the plurall vsd in the beginning of Genesis 114. learned of a maid asking her Mistresse for a broom how to vnderstand a place of Scripture in Praef. Ramsey Abbey sounded 227 Rape of Arundel 235 Radknights what 334 Ralph Grey Knight his purposed degradation 339 Rex Regifugium 19. 20. seq Regillianus his being made Emperor by his name 20 Reguli 31 Rex Regum 32. 34. See in King and in Sicilie Reges hominum Rex Regum 35 Red shooes who might weare them 24. 156 Regiae Stellae 67 Rex Credentium 99 Regnum i. a Crown 151 Rex Romanorum 170 Rex Italiae ibid. Reges the generall name of Kings children 176 Regum Amici 185 Reliefs 232. 272 Rheims Bishop 132 Reuersion of all Appenages Dukedoms and Counties in France vpon default of heirs males in the Crown 196 Ressort Souerantè 196 Riga for Regem or Rex 23 Ring to Henrie 11. sent from the Pope as an Inuestiture of Ireland 56. 57 Ring an ancient materiall in giuing of dignitie 199. 200. See in Inuestiture in Duke Count Marquis and Vicount Rings of gold how and to what vse in old Rome 323. giuen at the giuing of Ingenuitie 325 Right worshipfull 124 Richmond Earldom 199. 229 Ricos hombres 289 Richard Earle of Cornwall brother to Henrie III. 345 Riders 332 Rosse Earldom 179 Rothsay Dukedom 179 Robert of Veer made Duke of Ireland and Marquisse of Dublin 216 Rowland 242 Robert Grostest his answere to Henrie III. questioning him whence he so well was able to instruct yong courtiers in fine Praefat. Rodulph 11. Emperor his League with the Turk about their Titles 113 Round Tables 365. 366 Romanorum Imperator 387 Rubeum Caput 83. 84 Russia Alba Nigra 84 Russian See Muscouir S SAlchodai of the Persians what 11 Salutations twixt Emperors 38. 40. in Rome anciently twixt common persons 47. flattering salutations forbidden by the Emperor 40. Persian salutations 40. 41. Iewish 49. 52. Punique and Syrian and Greek 53. Turkish 98. See in Pragmatica and in Superiors Sanctitas Regum 65 Saba Queen whence 73 Salomon and Q. Maqueda 86 Sabaei and Terra Sabaea 86 Sarmatians planted in Europe 91 92 Saxonie Dukedom 116. its Coat and inuestiture 152 Sanctissimus 121 Sacred Maiestie 123 Saturn President of the Iewish law in Astrologie 166. See Belus Salique law whence and when and by whom composd 175. 299. Salica Terra what 175. 296 Saxon Nobilitie anciently 177. 204 268 Sagibaro 261 Sach or Sake 261 Saccabor Sathabor c. 263 Sagmaria 291 Saumarius 291 Sardanapalus 6 Sanzacbegler 355. 377. 379 Scaligeran familie 92 Scepter how anciently a token of Roialtie 154. Eagles born and other birds on the top of it 155. an ensigne of the Consuls 155. swearing by it 157. why and whence it was vsd in othes 158 Scutarius 340 Scales 263 Scilpor 341 Scotlands King free as the Emperor 27. knighted here in England and his excepting against the Marshals fees 315 Sesostris Sesoosis or Sefonchosis 32. 73. 46 Septimius Seuerus why calld Arabicus 86 Semper Augustus Semper inuictus 89 Seat of the Great Chan. 92 Seals who might vse them
time professe or read it But when Lothar took Amalfi hee there found an old Copie of the Pandects or Digests which hee gaue as a precious Monument to the Pisans hence it was called h U. Ang. Politian lib. 10. Epist. Marquard Breisacio Litera Pisana from whom it hath been since in M. CD XC VI. translated to Florence where in the Dukes Palace it is almost with Religion preserued and neuer brought forth but with Torches Light and other Reuerence Vnder this Emperor Lothar began the Law to be profest at Bologna where i Odofredus apud Sigonium de Regno Italiae lib. 11. et 7. Irner or Werner as Conrad à Lichtenaw calls him first made Glosses on it about the beginning of Fr. Barbarossa in M. C. L. and by the fauor of this Lothar was Bologna vpon the aduise of Irner it seems constituted to bee k Verba Lotharij ap P. Merul. Cosmog part 2. lib. 4. cap. 33. Legum Iuris Schola vna sola And here was the first Time and Place of that Profession in the Western Empire But Iustinian expressely ordaind that none should teach the Ciuill Lawes except l Constit. de Iuris docendi rat §. Haec autem only in Constantinople Rome and Berytus which although Bartol interprets as of necessitie he was driuen to maintain his Profession with Nisi tempore ius Academiae sit quaesitum yet why then was Bologna no place for the Laws vnder Iustinian for they pretend there to haue been as an Vniuersitie from the Grant of Theodosius the yonger in CD XXIII Plainly vnder Iustinian who euer had taught out of one of those three Cities was Denarum librarum * About thirtie pounds of our monie auri poena plectendus and to be banisht out of the Citie where hee durst so professe Neither would the matter of being a Vniuersitie haue helpt it But before Lothar the Gouernment was by the Salique m Sigon de Reg. Ital. 4. et 8. sub A. 1007. Lombardian and Roman Laws the Roman beeing some piece of what had been vsd in Rome euerie one liuing according to either of them as hee would make choise About the same time also the two Bastard brothers by whose worth and of the third Peter Comestor their Mother thought shee should bee sau'd neither would repent but trusted to hir merit in bearing three so famous Gratian a Monk in Bologna and Peter Lombard at Paris one made the Decree the first Volume autorised for Can on Law by Pope Eugenius III and the other the Sentences Such as since haue writen on the Digests 〈◊〉 Code vntill the cleerer light of Learning began mongst our Fathers talk for the most part like Rablais his Bridoye Some most honord of later time that vnderstood their Text and studied the Laws as well because they would curiously know as bee meerely * Continuall Practisers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haue with iudgment instructed in part of this Purpose The Margine confesses without blushing their and all other mens helps If either Enuie or Ignorance question how I bred from the bottome of Obscuritie and so farre from Court-Custome should dare at these Honors let it know I learn'd long since from a Great Clerk that Robert Bishop of Lincoln vnder Henrie III That there was in Libraries greater aid to the true vnderstanding of Honor and Nobilitie then mongst Gold and Purple outsides Hee beeing demanded by the King Vbi n Io. de Aton in Constit. Othoboni tit de Bonis Intestat verb. Baronum Moraturam didicit quâ Filios Nobilium Procerum Regni quos secum habuerat Domicellos instruxerat cum non de Nobili prosapia sed de simplicibus traxisset originem fertur intrepidè respondisse that hee was taught it in the Courts of greater Princes then the K. of England meaning of those Ancients whose Courts were represented in his Volumes of Storie In Coniectures I durst not bee too bold Where but meer fancie can direct it were ridiculous to regard them but when they seem to offer themselues they deserue the choise of Iudgment That Religious abstinence of the old Iews who referd all such Dignos vindice Nodos as were too difficult for their humanitie to Elias his resolution were good to be proportionably more obseru'd in all Learning especially by those which are and too manie are so vnfortunat in their ghesses that on the apparantly worst of diuers they often insist Malicious Censure I regard not Ingenuous I honor Reader Farewell The summe and first Pages of the Chapters The chiefe Matter only of them the particulars being in the Contents before euery Chapter Of the first Part. CHAP. I. THe beginning of a Monarchie the first King pag. 1 CHAP. II. Difference of King and Emperor and much of them the great Duke or Emperor of Muscouy or Russia pag. 18. CHAP. III. Lord. Lord of Ireland Shah and the like pag. 46. CHAP. IV. Caesar Augustus Pharaoh Most Christian King Catholike King Defender of the Faith and such like pag. 68. CHAP. V. Prester Iohn Cham or Chan. Chaliph Amir Almumenin Of the Alcoran Persian Sophi Schach Xa Saa and the like pa. 85. CHAP. VI. Particular formes of Speaking to or by great Persons Maiesty Speaking in the Abstract or Concret Worship and 〈◊〉 pag. 114 CHAP. VII Annointing of Kings Crowns A disputation against receiued opinion of Crowns Tulipant Crowns of seuerall Princer Scepters Globe and Crosse. Croissant of the Mahumedans pag. 128. Of the second Part. CHAP. 1. PRinces apparant successors Caesar. Rex Romanorum Despot Daulphin Monsieur Etheling Clyto Prince of Wales Pr. of Scotland Infanta Prince of Astura pag. 168. CHAP. II. Dukes Of them Counts and Marquesses as the names were anciently confounded Archduke Coniecture whence the seuerall formes of Crowns for subiect Princes came into these Western parts Dukes in seuerall Nations pag. 182. CHAP. III. Marquesses in seuerall States pag. 209. CHAP. IV. Counts and Earles Graffes pag. 219. CHAP. V. Counts Palatin the speciall beginnings of euery of ours in England pag. 241. CHAP. VI. Viscounts and Vidames pag. 250 CHAP. VII Barons the Notation of the word and its seuerall Notions Thanes Vauasours and diuers like p. 258 CHAP. VIII The beginning of Feuds Of the old Saxon Tenures somewhat pag. 293. CHAP. IX Knights and ancient and later formes of Knighting A Knights Fee and Furniture Ius sigilli Aureorum Annulorum Seales Aides Miles Degrading a Knight pag. 305. CHAP. X. Esquyer Armiger Peeres pag. 340. CHAP. XI Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Of the Collar or the particular Orders of Knighthood with their beginnings and chiefe particulars pag. 352. CHAP. XII Turkish Dignities some of Tartarie Clarissimus Spectabilis Illustris Superillustris Patricij pa. 376. Reader At the end are some Additions which I would haue you read with the context The Pages there noted and the Lines will direct you pag. 387. Then follow I. The Faults of the Print corrected and by them
Greek hath not an expresse word for Maiestie Som haue q Glossar Vet. Graeco-lat v. 2. Petri cap. 1. com 16. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 turned 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Maiestas and Magnitudo but it properly signifies the last not so well the first which comes plainly from a Comparatiue Maiestas itaque are Casaubons words si verbi proprietatem spectamus Numinis est solius quod omnibus ijs quae magna dici possunt est maius Usurpatio est cum Principibus maiestas tribuitur But obserue their tradition of the Godesse Maiestie They fained that at first there was no distinction of Place or Precedence among the Gods but that the meanest would somtimes sit in Saturns own Throne And this they say r Ouid. Fastor 5. continued Donec Honor placidoque decens Reuerentia vultu Corpora legitimis imposuere toris Hinc sata Maiestas quae mundum temperat omnem Quáque die partu est edita Magna fuit Nec mora consedit medio sublimis Olympo Aurea purpureo conspicienda sinu As Maiestie was there bred of Honor and ReÌ„uerence so proportionatly mongst men and thence the word applied to the supreme of Men. But also they vsd Numen Imperatoris and Oracula Augusti for Edicta and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if you should say diuinitùs sancimus for statuimus And before this great communicating of Maiesty the Emperors s Paul ff de legat 2. l. 87. §. Lucius Scoeuola ff lib. 40. tit â—1 l. 3. had the attribute of Sanctissimus and such like These beginning vnder Heathenisme continued after Christianitie Whence when they speak of the Crimen Maiestatis they t Athaliat tit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 66. Glossar Vet. Sanctitas Regum ap Iul. cas in Tranq vse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which may be interpreted a iudgment or accusation touching what is committed against a thing sanctified or sacred But I think 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 will be most proper in substance for Maiestie although George Codin translated hath alwaies Regnum for his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vnder fauour not without error They had also their u Codin Meurs Gloss. Graeco Barb. in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. sacred Maiestie which was proper only to the Emperor and that when others spake to him he himself in modestie omitting Sacred and speaking only 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But Maiestie exprest in this word was communicated also to the Despote Sebastocrator and Caesar. The Despot was the heire or successor apparant of the Constantinopolitan Empire vnderstand of the times since Alexius Comnenus though before him it were a generall name as My Lord the Sebastocrator the second from him in dignitie and next the Caesar Protosebastus and so forth But to our purpose receiue this out of their c Curopalat 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quem tamen absque Iunij Restitutione locorum ne legas traditions Before the Emperor they calld the Despote My Lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Maiestie was applied to him the Sebastocrator My Lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sebastocrator the Caesar my Lord Caesar in those words as the other and to both these also was Maiestie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 applied But if any other Great men about the Court 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 had occasion to vse the Despot's name to the Emperor they thus My Lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Your sonne the Despote If they speaking among themselus mention'd him then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Our Lord the Despote For in later Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is Our either corruptep from their ancient own or induced by Tartarian or Turkish wherein Babamus is our Father If a great man spake to the Despote he might either call him My Lord the Despote with the word last remembred or for greater honor Our Lord the Despote If any of the Despot's seruants or followers vsd his masters name to the Emperor hee might not call him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which I interpret to be in fashion the same with Our My Lord when we speake indifferently of any Nobleman but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. My Lord and Master your sonne the Despote For so I thinke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is best here translated If a man spake to any of their other Great men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hee neuer vsd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 On the other side 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was neuer vsd to the Despote but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Neither could they render reason for all those but because vse and custome had brought them to it Neither hath the Grammaticall difference of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 any thing to do here For our Kingdome Maiestie saith the learned Author of the Remains came hither in time of Henry the Eight as Sacred Maiestie lately in our memory Vnderstand him as it was commonly in vse and properly to the King applied For in the Epistles of Iohn of Sarisbury is Maiestas tua diuers times to Henry Fitz-lempresse vnder whom hee liu'd and the same is there vsd also to Pope Adrian Grace mongst vs began in time of Henry IV. and Excellent grace as you read in the Remains vnder Henry the Sixt. High and mighty Prince vnder Edward the fourth But about those times it was not solely proper to the King as it seems by the Concord touching the title of the Crowne twixt Henry the sixt and Richard Duke of Yorke made in XXXIX Henry VI. in Parliament at Westminster with this title Betwixt the most High and most mighty Prince Henry the fixt King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland on the one partie and the right High and mightie Prince Richard Plantagenet Duke of Yorke on the other partie and the Duke of Glocester vnder Henry the a Parl. 3. Hen. 6. art 1. 26. sixt is calld High and mightie Prince and the Duke of Excester Hault and Puissant Prince Anciently how our Soueraigns were in this kind titled may be obserud vpon these examples Au Tresnoble tréshonorable Prince son trescher Seignior si luy pleist Monsieur Edward per la grace de Dieu Roy d' Engleterre Signior D'irland Duc D' Aquitaine le sone Henry Percy reuerence honeurs In a letter b Rot. 25. Ed. 1. in Arce Londini de Rebus Scotiam tangentibus memb 4. 6. saepius to Edward 1. writen from Dunwich and the like in diuers other Records is And there the Barons of the Exchequer send to the King with Nous maund à vostre hautesse c. But also in times later then Edward 1. titles and notes of Greatnes being not in that distinction or Curiositie as now som such as are with vs mean were competent to highest Princes I remember I
Pontific lib. 3. videsis B 〈…〉 m Eccles hist. lib. 4. â—ap 13. 28. William of Malmesburie it is that which belongd to S. Augustins in Canterbury of a very ancient hand hath Hengstadeheim and Hengstadeam for that which in the printed is Haugustaldehem and Haugustaldem And from Henstaldehemshire came it seems Hexamshire In it was a seat of a Bishop vnder the Saxons Fisco Regio famulabatur saith Malmesburie quando eum locum beatae memoriae Wilfridus a Beatissima Etheldritha Regina pro alijs possessionibus commutauit Afterward before the Normans it was the Archbishop's of Yorke But vnder the late Queen b 14. Eliz. cap. 13. Elizabeth it was vnited to the Countie of Northumberland How by the Statut of Resumption vnder c Stat. 27. Hen. 8. cap. 24. Hen. VIII most of the Royalties of our English Counties Palatin were diminisht and taken into the Crown is not for this place to deliuer In imitation of the Emperiall name Historians that haue writen of the state of Poland call the Gouernors of Prouinces there Palatini Palatini saith Cromer munera sunt esse Ductorem Copiarum suae satrapiae in expeditionibus bellicis indeque nomen habet lingua vernancula vt Voieuoda dicatur quasi Dux belli siue Copiarum That of Vaiuod or Uoiuod vsd in other parts of the Eastern Europe being I think a Slauonique or Windish word is by later Graecians calld 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 One of their Emperors d Constantin Porphyrog de Administr Rom. Imp. cap. 38. speaking of the Turks comming to Chazaria saies that their first Vaiuod was called Lebedias 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Libedias the Voeuod or Vaiuod 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. By the name of his Dignitie as his successors he was called Boebodus which is plainly e V. plura de Uaiuodis infra cap. vltimo Vaiuod Vnder the Polak Vaiuods are Chastellans Uocantur ij vtr 〈…〉 to Cromer writes vulgò communi vocabulo Dignitarij quasi dignitate honore praediti addito ferè satrapiae seu terrae nomine But in the Territorie of Cracow the Chastellan is before the Palatin which began and hath continued vpon the dishonorable flight of the Cracowian Palatin when King Boleslaus Krziuousti about M. C. XXX was in great danger of a Russian ambush But no man mongst them may be either Palatin or Chastellan in that Prouince where hee possesses not in his priuat right some Territorie As Poland so the great Dukedom of Leitou or Lithuania is diuided into Palatinats and Districtus as the Latin writers call them Hi vero Districtus Palatinatus saies Alex. Gaguin pro Ducatibus vt quondam temporibus plurimorum Ducum erant computari possunt vnusquisque Palatinatus suum Vexillum quo in bello vtitur habet Eundem quoque Colorem signum omnes Districtus siue prouinciae qui in eodem Palatinatu continentur in Vexillis suis repraesentant nisi quod Palatinatus Vexillum maius est cum duobus Cornibus Districtuale verò minus simplicitèr protensum cum vno cornu But I think that in name do they more agree with our Counts Palatin then nature Viscounts In the Empire and France How their Name and Honor came first Hereditarie Diuers sorts of them in France Mediocres Seigneurs Viguiers Missi Vicedomini Vidames Le haut moyenne Iustice. Clergie men would not iudge of causes Capitall Saxon Ealdormen Vicecomes with them Their Ealdordom Geruase of Tilburie his reason of our Shirifs name Vicecomes The first Dignitie of this name in England His Coronet His inuestiture anciently in France The first in Scotland Prince du Seigneurie erigée en Principauté CHAP. VI. WHat is before of Counts must be rememberd here for the vnderstanding of VISCOVNTS Both the names were first Officiarie and thence grew Honorarie And such as the Counts ordaind vnder them as Vicegerents or the suprem Prince constituted to supplie the roome of Counts that is as the Emperor a C. de Offic. eius qui vicem alicuius l. 1 Gordian saies qui vice Praesidis prouinciam administrabant became at length as others hauing delegat iurisdiction to be some of them of their own right and transmitted their Names and Towns or Territories to their posteritie Vnderstand this chiefly of the Empire and of France Hence came that Honord name of Viscounts in Millan By L'oyseau it s well coniecturd that in France about the time when Dukes Counts and Marquesses began to vsurp Soueraintie in their prouinces the Lieutenants or Viscounts and Chastellans vnder them did the like so that the most part of them which had the charge of Armes and Iustice in Countrie Towns where their superiors left them gaind to themselues perfit Seigneuries but withall that such as liud in their superior's chief Towns and there with their superiors hauing not like means or opportunitie for Greatnes remaind alwaies as at first meere Officers as also those in Normandie at this day And some that from that ground of vsurpation haue turnd their ancient Office into Honorarie enheritance yet possesse but a few marks of Seigneurie nor meddle with administration of Iustice but haue only a certain part of the Royall profits proceeding from the Kings Iustice in their Territorie as those of Burges of Cologne of Villemenart of S. Georges and of Fussy which claim the third as before is spoken of Earles The same autor makes diuers kinds of Honorarie and Hereditarie Uiscounts in France One is of such as either by reason of their first institution being placed vice Comitis by the King when no Count was or by putting off their obedience to their superior Counts and acknowledging the King their only Lord immediatly held of the Crown Tous ces Vicomtes saith he doiuent saus doute estre mis au rang des Grandes Seigneuries pius qu' ils ont Fiefs immediatz de la Corone Another sort and that most common are they which hold of the Crown by reason only of some Countie annext to it and a third which are vnder some Countie in a subiects hand which both last kinds he puts in the rank des mediocres Seignieuries that is of such as are arier fiefs and hold of the Crown but by a Mesnaltie as our Lawiers call it So then in France as superior and inferior kinds of Counts anciently were so you may say of Uiscounts the regard of which difference instructs to the vnderstanding of the Titularie Honor. For the inferior Counts had their Vicarij or Viguiers qui per pages statuti sunt and their Missi which were as Uiscounts Of them saith Walafrid b De Reb. Ecclesiast cap. 31. Strabo Comites quidam Missos suos praeponunt Popularibus qui minores causas determinent ipsis maiora reseruent The name of Viguiers remains yet in Languedoe and is the same with Vicarij both but varying the word Vicecomes or Comitis vicem Gerens But Strabo makes the Viguiers Gouernors of small
also Martiall Either then in imitation of other Nations was that name of Vicecomes applied to our Saxon Ealdormen and Shirifes because their offices were somewhat like Or els being constituted qui vicem iudicum siue Comitum gererent by the King were properly as the ancient and best sort of them in France so calld or as the U carij in the Declining Empire hauing no Superiors which constituted them but the King Howsoeuer the reason of the name giuen by Geruase of Tilburie is much deficient vnlesse in it by a nice construction you make him vse Comes in seuerall Notions He is calld Uicecomes saiâ—h he qued Vicem Comitis suppleat in placitis illis de quibus Comes ex suae Dignitatis ratione participat The errors of Polidore and such that begin our Shirifes at the Norman Conquest are not here worth speaking of or of those which say the word Vicecomes was not here in the Saxon Times But of it as it is with vs Officiarie thus much which I insert because of comparing our Office of that name to the like in France where the Honor proceeded originally from the Office For with vs the Honor and the Office haue no communitie Neither had we any of that Dignitie although the Office in some places hath been hereditary from ancient time vntill Henry VI. He in Parlament made by Patent Iohn of Beaumont Viscount of Beaumont with f Pat. 18. Hen. 6. part 2. memb 2. these words of inuestiture Nomen Vicecomitis de Beaumont Impominus ac ipsum insignijs Uicecomitis de Beaumont realiter inuestimus locumque in Parliamentis Concilijs alijs congregationibus nostris super Omnes Barones Regni nostri Angliae assignamus What those Insignia were then I know not but later time allows him a kind of Coronet without Point or Flowrs on a Cap of Furre But an old Autor g Anth. de la Salle chez L'oyseau des seig cap. 5. of France saies that Le Vicomte est inuesty auec vn verge d'or In Scotland the first Dignity by this name was in Thomas Lord Ereskin created Viscount Felton by our present Soueraigne their Iames the VI. Spain hath some of this Order and Name Twixt Vicount and Count in France is a speciall Dignitie of Princes They haue their names by reason of their Seigneuries erected into Principalities Baro in Cicero and Persius It s signification in Hirtius and old Glossaries Magnus Homo The true deriuation of Baro as it s now Honorarie Mall and Mollabergium Sagibaro Sake or Sach Wittiscalc Saccabor or Sathabor Plea de sakebere Sikerborgh Hondhabend Mainauer Barigild Baro for a man generally and Barones London and the like Ancient and late Barons of France Capitaneus Regis Barn or Beern for a man-child Baron for a husband where vsd Cheorlbearn Saxon Thanes A Saxon Monument of their Dignities Of Eoldormen again somewhat Canutus his Forest Laws misprinted Liberalis and Mediocris Homo A Hyde of Land Hydage and Caruage or Carucage A coniecture vpon Bracton Terra Hydata and non Hydata Minister Minister Regis Tainus The Relief or Heryot anciently in all Barkshire Viro Baro Minister Thanus But the name of Baron not in the Saxon times in England How Barons had their name then The book of Modus Ten. Parliamenti Barones and Pares Baronum Illustres equites Romanorum The Title of Prince not without Barons Barons to subiects and Barones Regis The Value of Reliefs of Dignities When they began certain for a Baronie A coniecture when the value of a Baronie began Court Baron Baronagium and Barnagium Bernage Baronie in our law for Seigneurie Tenere per Baroniam CCL Baronies reckond by Hen. III. His Ordinance touching what Barons should come to Parlament The ancientest sommons extant The Grand Charter first granted A Parlament held XVIII Hen. III. transcribd out of an obscure Roll touching Assises of Darrein Presentment Iuris Vtrum and Certificat of Bastardie with the Barons names subscribd And therein Bracton amended Barons by Writ and by Creation Those two sorts now only in being A respect to the Tenure per Baroniam after the allowing them only the title which were sommond Barons ratione Officij as Abbots and Bishops Chief Baron of England Barons calld Lord or Domini How in legall proceeding Lords Barons and Earles only by Curtesie and Court language Thanes of Scotland Stewarts Abthan The beginning of the Royall name of Stewart there Tosche Ochern The first mention of Barons in Scotish Monuments What their Baron is Pit and Gallows How the name is generally taken there Acts touching which of their Barons must come to Parlament Commissares of the Shire The difference of their Lords and Lairds The English and Scotish Parlamentarie Barons of a superior note then the French Los Ricos hombres Valuasores and Capitanei Regis vel Regni The Feudalls interpreted otherwise then the vulgar opinion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Valuasores minores Minimi Valuasini Vauasors in France Vauassouries Sommage 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vauasors in England Countors Subuasores in Scotland CHAP. VII NExt after Viscounts follow BARONS A title of frequent note in most parts of Christendom and about whose etymologie most disputation and inquirie is Barons are in some Countries in all anciently where they were at all Lords of their denominating Territorie with some Iudiciall gouernment but beneath the Dignities before spoken of both in largenes of Territorie and neernes to Soueraintie and how they differ in substance from other Titles in their Originall what wee shall say of Particular States will best discouer But first for the Name The word alone is very ancient and of pure Latine In Cicero you read a Epist. ad Attic lib. 9. Ep. 11. Apud Patronem reliquos Barones te in maxima gratia posui herculè merito tuo feci And in another place b De Finibus lib. 2. Haec cum loqueris nos Barones stupemus tu videlicet tecum ipse rides And two other passages in him as Elias Uinetus reads them haue Baro in the singular number where some of the publisht books haue and that most properly Verò the coniunction I will confesse that as yet I haue not throughly learnd what Barones signifies to Cicero in his first place yet I know some haue dar'd to think it there vsd as neer to what it now interprets in the Rank of Dignities They shall and may for me I cannot But in the second I am somewhat confident that if the Reading be not corrupt it is not vnfitly exprest into our word Block-head or the Latine Bardus The Text of Tully there iustifies it and a Satyrist that c Persius Satyr 5. vbi videsis Eliam Vinetum that liud vnder Nero by the correction of best Critiques according to best copies hath Iura Sed Iuppiter audiet Eheu Baro regustatum digito terebrare salinum Contentus perages si viuere cum Ioue tendis Where the old Scholiast Cornutus reads
with doubt that before Henry III. as well Barons * v. Camdeni Northumbriam of Earls if of like worth as the Kings Barons came all to Parlament For not only the Counts Palatine had their Barons to attend on them in their Courts whereof see the learned Clarenceulx in his Cheshire But also other Earls and by that name Willielmus Comes Glocestriae Dapifero suo Omnibus Baronibus suis hominibus Francis Anglis salutem saith a Deed in my hands of William Earl of Glocester vnder Henry II. And nothing is more common in old Charters of Earls of those times then Omnibus Baronibus Militibus Hominibusque meis which I would translate to all my tenants of whole Baronies to all such as hold of mee by Knights seruice and to my other Tenants Neither was the title of Prince due to any by ancient opinion which had not some Barons vnder him Yet Earls and all aboue them are cleerly Princes Therefore in the r Th. de Walsingham A. 1278. Concord twixt Lewhelin Prince of Wales and Edward I. fiue Barons about Snowdon and their Homages were reseru'd to Lewhelin quia se Principem conuenienter vocare non posset nisi sub se aliquos Barones haberet ad vitam suam And the King had Barones suos so distinguisht An old s Placit apud Theokesb coram W. de Ralegh ante Pentecost 18. Hen. 3 rot 1. in dors Sussex Record Dominus Rex mandauit Petro de Riuallis quod mitteret ei Willielmum Filium Heredem Iohannis de Breuse eo quod debuit esse Baro suus Homo suus ad Nutriendum in Domo sua And Barones Regis ipsius Archiepiscopi atque illorum Episcoporum homines multi are rememberd in an old plea t In praefat D. Ed. Coke ad Commentar 9. vnder the Conqueror between Lanfrank Archbishop of Canterburie and Odo Bishop of Bayeux Therfore in the Graund Charter you read Si quis Comitum vel Baronum nostrorum siue aliorum tenentium de Nobis c. because then were ther diuers Barons which were not immediat Barones Regis yet at that time perhaps Parlamentarie where also is confirmd that value of a Baronie at CD Marks yeerly reuenue the Relief of the Kings Baron beeing by ancient custom of England C. Marks For the Relief is alwaies in the Dignities of this State the fourth part of the Reuenue as euery yong Student knows and is toucht in the Chapter of Counts Yet note that as touching Barons and Counts that custom was not till K. Iohn when the Grand Charter was first made or K. Henry III. his time For De Baronijs saith u Ita etiam Geruas Tilburiensis in Dialog de Scaccario Glanuil writing of Reliefs vnder Hen. II. nihil certum statutum est quia iuxta voluntatem misericordiam Domini Regis solent Baroniae Capitales de Releuijs suis Domino Regi satisfacere Where obserue the distinction of Baroniae Capitales from such as were of like possessions but Tenants and Barons to subiects And it might be collected that vntill by this proportion of Relief brought to a certaintie and grounded vpon the value of a Knights fee the Relief whereof was by Common law certain the distinct number of Knights Fees for a Baronie was not vsed I am as yet of that opinion Yet such as neither held XIII Knights Fees and a third part of the King or any other were notwithstanding and by reason of their Dominion and Lordship titled in those times Barons that is euery Lord of a Mannor whence as before is said the name of Court Baron remains For in the x 9. Rich. 1. Houed part post sol 442. 443. report of the Aid and Hydage granted to Richard 1. the order was that the Collectors should cause to come before them Senescallos Baronum illius Comitatus de qualibet villa Dominum vel Balliuum Uillae and that for the leuying of it quilibet Baro cum Vicecomite facerct districtiones super homines suos And thus were there in those times three sorts of Barons by Dominion and Iurisdiction Barones Regis whose Baronies were Capitales The Barons of Subiects holding not of the King but by a mesnalitie and both Parlamentarie if possessing XIII Knights Fees and the third part but a third rank of such as were Lords of Mannors but not of so large possessions or Reuenue Out of this may be vnderstood why and in what sense Baronagium Angliae Rex Baronagium suum and sine assensu Baronagij sui or Barnagij sui so often occurre in our old stories taken as well for the King and the whole State somtimes as for the Greater Nobilitie For although Counts had not then their speciall creations into Barons as of later time yet hauing their Reuenue of CCCC pounds they were Comites or Comitum Pares and so the lest value which was the possessions of the Baron the lest of the Greater Nobilitie being so many Marks that all might be comprehended the generall name of Baronagium somtimes Barnagium was applied and in that kind by the name of Baronie one anciently y Gower prolog in Confess Amantis speaks of the whole Nobilitie The Priuiledge of Regalie Was safe and all the Baronie Worshipd was in his estate and. an old z Chez Cl. and Fanchet d Orig. liure 2. chap. 5. Romant of the French De Courtoise de Bernage Ot il assez en son courage Where Bernage for Baronage is taken saith Fauchet for Noblesse perhaps rather for Humanitie But somtimes Rex Baronagium suum is for the King and all his subiects or the whole Parlament representing them And so it comes from Baron as it interprets a Man or Tenant as if you should say Rex Homines sui Out of this discourse is vnderstood also why euery Lord of a Mannor hath his Court Baron and why our Plea in the Common-law of Hors de son Fee is exprest in a Mich. 5. Ed. 2. fol. 66. Ms. Int. Temp. Biblioth Cas. VValton Covvike ancient time by Hors de Vostre Baronie and how a Tenure per Baroniam might then bee of a subiect as also what is b West 2. cap. 46. v. 23. Ed. 3. fol. 11. Cas. 9. tenere per Baroniam per partem Baroniae and what the demanding of a Baronie by Writ in our year-books is whereof examples are 1. Ed. 3. fol. 9. b Louedayes assise 18. Ed. 2. tit Assise 382. 2. Ed. 3. fol. 6. b. and such more and how the Tenures of all Baronies were in c Case Seigneur Cromvvell Report 1. fol. 81. Chief if you vnderstand as you must the Regiae or Capitales Baroniae Of these it seems was that number of CCL which Henrie III. reckond in his Deuotions at S. Albons Nominauit saith Matthew d Paris Dominus Rex numerauit omnes Angliae quarum ei occurrit memoria Baronias inuenitque Ducentas
Ecclesiae Regni mei à Publicis vectigalibus Operibus Oneribus absoluantur nisi instructionibus Arcium vel Pontium quae nunquam vlli possunt relaxari But these were not so much by reason of Tenure as generall subiection to occasions of State and accidentall necessitie and supply of wants to common good Those kind of Militarie Fiefs or Fees as wee now haue were not till the Normans with whom the custom of Wardships in Chiualrie they began not vnder Hen. III. as most ignorantly Ranulph Higden the Monk of Chester and Polydore tells you came into England But before that Wards were in Scotland if their Stories and laws of Malcolm II. deceiue not When he distributed the Kingdom into Tenancies then Omnes Barones saith his laws concesserunt sibi Wardam Releuium de haerede cuiuscunque Baronis defuncti ad sustentationem Domini Regis although Buchanan rather guesses that Scotland had this custom by imitation of the English or Normans But in this Malcolm's time Wardships were not at all in England Of the originall and vse of Militarie Feuds thus much With the Roturier or base tenures this place hath not to do Only a word or two of the names of Feudum and Alodium The deriuations of both are diuers For Feudum I am somwhat confident that its root is in Fides howeuer by different writing thence varied and from it is our word Feild which was anciently Feud and Feuld as in the names of Rotherfeud and Losfeuld for Rotherfeild and Losfeild occurring with diuers like in old Rolls is apparant The Vassals are stiled Fideles in Latin and Drudi i. True from the same word in Teutonique From what others herein multiplie but rouing farre fâ—om the mark I purposely abstain and from the coniecture of some because they are too ridiculous Alodes or Alodium signified anciently what in the more strict sense Enheritance doth in our law that is lands descended from the ancestor and Alodes and Comparatum are m Vide quae adnotanit H. Bignon ad Marculph Formul lib. 1. cap. 12. opposed often as Purchase and Enheritance Now euery Feud or Fief paid a Releif or Heriot vpon death of the tenant and the Heir or successor came in alwaies as at this day in some fashion of a new Purchase But where no tenure was there the enheritance discended freely to the Heire who claimd it alwaies meerly from his ancestor Out of this difference I imagin the names of Feudum and Alodium were translated to make that distinction which is vsually twixt them whence Alodium now abusiuely denotes chiefly lands possest without seruice or subiection except only acknowledgment of superioritie in the Giuer This may hold better then that from Leudes or any which I haue seen An example of Alodes or Alodium the great Lawier Hotoman specially takes out of an old Charter made to one Paulan by our King Athelstan which is n Hector Boeth lib. 16. rememberd to haue bin found amongst the spoiles of Warre in Westmerland by the Scots vnder their Robert II. As the words were I insert it I King Athelstan Giues to Paulan Oddan and Roddan Al 's guyde and as faire Al 's euer thai mine wair And tharto Witnesse Maulde my wife The simplicitie of that age is euen pictur'd in it An age when misnomers misrecitals being deceiud such like did not make void the Kings Patent Nor doth it in substance differ from the Conquerors gift of the Palatinat of Chester whereof before And both in this of Athelstan that of the o Apud Camden in Essexia Hundred of Dauncing and Chelmer by the Confessor to Randolph Peperking and others extant of about the Conquest shew the affectation that age had to Riming in Charters Wheras now Prose without difficultie makes not one sufficient This of Feuds belongs more specially to the Dignities alreadie spoken of but also hath its vse in the vnderstanding of the nature of our ancient Knights in regard of the tenure of their Fees to whom wee make the next passage Knights Time of taking the Virilis Toga Custome of the Gaules in their Childrens taking arms Of the Germans Adoption per arma The Custome of the Longobards for the Kings sonne sitting at Table with his father Knighting by Girding with a Sword Cingulum Militiae Amittere Cingulum Som not comming in sight of the Emperor but Cincti Minerua Zosteria Balteus Knighting by a blow giuen on the eare anciently in the Empire First Mention of a knight made in England The ancient and holy ceremonies in Knighting The Marshall's fee anciently at a Knighting Kings Knighted by their Subiects Subiects Knighted by Subiects although not Lieutenants Eques Auratus One Prince may Knight in another's Territorie Infanciones Freedom to a Villain by Knight-hood Knighting by Los Ricos hombres in Spain A Knights Fief or Fee Who may be compeld to take the Order Census Equestris Miles sine Terra Inquisition of such as held Knights Fees and yet were not of the Order A Knight's Furniture by our law anciently not subiect to an Execution The Armes of a Knight descending to the Heire Ius Sigilli in a Knight Gold Rings and ius Aureorum Annulorum in Rome Their Equestris Ordo Ancient fashion of Manumission in England Seales when first in England The generall vse of them in most Nations The Iewish instruments of Contracts Their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Starra in the old Rolls Triall by a Iurie of Iews and Christians and their othes Difference of Paruum Sigillum and Magnum Sigillum Aide a faire Fitz Cheualer de Rancome de Marriage Of what lands and when the first and third kindes are to be leuied The name of Knight in most languages from a Horse What it is and whence in our and the German vse Cnihtes Rodknights Miles and Chiualer one Seuerall Notions of Miles oppos'd against Sokmans Burgesses Villains Tenants in Ancien demesn and Seruientes Liberi Homines Solidarij Knights Bachelors Som coniectures whence that name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Buccellatum The fashion of Degrading a Knight The example of Sir Andrew Harkley Of Sir Ralph Grey Losse of the hand to a base fellow striking a Knight CHAP. IX HOweuer diuers Orders of Knighthood being there are mongst them which take precedence of KNIGHTS of the Spurre or those which generally are known by the name of Knights yet by institution and vse of all States They are the ancientest and shall here go first because also the other Orders are but late attributs according to the seuerall inuentions of particular Princes As in Rome Children vntill XIV yeers of age for so will the time be although some places of good autors misconceiud hath perswaded som otherwise vsing their Toga praetexta the ensigne of Infancie did then take VirilisToga or habiliment of manhood according to the increasing hopes of their worth so in the Northern parts of Europe about that age the sonnes of Princes and others of Noble Rank vsd to
of Chartres his mention of that Conuentus in his Epistles Hee liud vnder K. Robert Neither were they by institution e Bodin de Repub 3. cap. 1. Tillius Comm. de reb Gall. lib. 2. alij otherwise then as speciall Priuie Counsellers of State And doubtlesse had their name of Pares from a proportionat place in Court to that of the Pares Curtis in the Feudalls And were titled from the Paritie twixt themselues whence an old Romant f Gualter d' Auignon chez Fauchet de Dignit 2. calls them Compagnons Assez de mal me fit vostre oncle Ganelans Qui trahit en Espagne les douez Compagnons So do they both in France with vs and elswhere well interpret the Persian g Xenoph. Cyropaed 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. as if you should say compagnons en honeur Some and those of no small note haue thought that the French name of Pairs came out of Patrices or Patricij which indeed were of like Dignitie in the Declining Empire and first h Zosim hist. 2. vide verò libri huius extremam instituted farre different from those occurring in the elder Roman storie by Constantine the great And howeuer in a Constitution of Theodosius and i Nouell tit 46. edit a Pith. Valentinian any that was twise Consul had precedence of a Patricius yet Sublimis Patriciatus honor by the Emperor k C. de Coss. l. 3. v. C. de Decur l. 66. Zeno caeteris omnibê° anteponitur in the gift of it to l Cassiodor Var. 3. epist. 5. vide Subscript Priuilegio Tertulli Coenobio Casinensi Importunê° by Theodorique it 's call'd munus plenarium Dignitatum The deduction of it is from Pater and as if they were calld the Kings or Emperors Fathers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith m Authent 81. in Praefat. Iustinian of them which in a manner is interpreted in that of his also n C. de Coss L. S. Sancimus V. Cassiodor Var. 6. form 2. Qui à nobis loco patris honorantur Whence a Patricius is call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Father of the State and o Antholog li. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by composition of the word p Luitprand lib. 1. cap. 7. 9. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wherewith the Emperor Leo about DCCCXC honor'd Zautzas father to his delicate Concubine Zoe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. hauing newly inuented this Dignitie which was not before as Cedren's words are Neither was it new then as to some other Nations but only in composition For Haman in the letters of Artaxerxes is said to haue been so much q Esâ—h cap. 16. Comm. 8. de hac re consulas Plutarchum in Lucullo honor'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. that he was call'd our Father and that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Abrech proclaim'd before Ioseph is by r Genes 41. Com. 43. the Chalde of Onkelos and Ionathan and the Hierosolymitan Targum taken for Father of the tender King or tender Father of the King although some interpret it kneel down The title of Patricius was of such honor that Charles le Magne before he was crown'd Emperor had it as an additament of Greatnesse That it was as the same with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Magister anciently as a learned s Meurs Gloss. Graeco-barb in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 man would I haue not yet perswaded my selfe But of Peers and Patrices thus much Bannerets Chiualers à Bannier Drappeau quarrè Baron Of France Bannerets in England The forme of making Sir Iohn Chandos a Banneret Bannerets not created by Patent 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Baronet Baroneti for Bannereti in old Monks A Banneret discharged from being Knight of the Parlament The new title of Baronet created by our present Soueraign The Decree of their precedence Knights of the Bath France and England The forme of their creation with vs. The Riband they are to weare vntill some Prince or Ladie pull it off Knights of the Collar Torquati Order of the Garter S. George speciall particulars of him The Round Table Della Nuntiata Order Du Toison d'Or Of S. Michael De Saint Esprit De l'Estoille De Croissant Some obscure and obsolet Orders of France De la Banda Of S. Andrew Of the Elephant Of the Sword Of the Burgundian Crosse. Di sangue di saluatore Di Santo Steffano Di S. Marco Peetermen Why Religious Orders are here omitted CHAP. XI OF ORDERS some are Religious only and destinate to some particular actions as the Templars anciently the Hospitalars the Ordo Teutonicorum in Prussia and diuers other of like nature since instituted in Italy specially and in Spain against the Turks in such places where they are instituted and being vnder some Religious Order and meerly de la Croce or of the Crosse. I reckon them rather as officiarie Knights then honorarie and omit them because also they occurre euery where els Others are meerly Ciuill and honorarie And of these some are such as haue their speciall honor in most parts of the Western Christendom others only in the particular Countries where their first being was The first sort of this last kind are BANNERETS and of the BATH and first of them Bannerets are Chiualers à Banier Chiualers à drappeau quarré or Equites Vexillarij from their right of bearing a Banner Standard or Square Ensigne in the warres with their Armes on them wheras Knights Bachelors may not do so The Germans call them Banner-heers In an old French Autor t Anthonie de la salle chez L'oyseau des Grandes seig cap. 5. §. 50. des Cheualeâ—s à Bannier vois Pasquier Recerch du France Liu. 2. cap. 9. Le Baron est inuesty auec vn Drappeau quarré le Banneret auec vn drappeau in escusson that is the Baron is made by giuing him a square Ensigne or Banner but the Banneret by an Ensigne in Scutchion fashion or a Pennon And the Customs of Poictou as L'oyseau cites Le Comte Vicomte ou Baron peut porter Banniere qui est adire qu'il peut en guerre en armoiries porter ses armes en quarré ce que ne peut le seigneur Chastellan que seulement les peut porter en form d'escusson Yet now both with them and elswhere the Square Banner is a proper and denominating Ensigne to the Banneret which is one saith the same L'oyseau to whom the King hath giuen power to aduance his Banner although hee bee neither Baron Viscont or Chastellan but he ought to be of good possession and haue vnder him x. Vassals and such means as are able to maintain a troop of horse Vntill about Edward III they were not in England as the learn'd Clarenceulx well coniectures That King ereated u Pat. 15. Ed. 3. part 2. memb 22. 23. Iohn Coupland a Banneret for his great seruice in taking Dauid of Bruis II. of that name King of Scots
it s mentiond that Richard Coeur de Lion purposd a like vpon som comfort receiud in his wars against the Turks and Agarens from S. George Illabente are the words per Diui Georgij vt opinatum est interuentum spiritu venit in mentem vt quorundam electorum Militum cruribus coraceum subfibulum quale ad manus tunc solum habebat induceret quo futurae Gloriae memores ex condicto si vincerent ad rem fortitèr ac strenuè gerendam expergefierent ad Romanorum instar apud quos illa Coronarum varietas The Kings of England are Soueraigns of the Order and Henrie V. ordaind the King of Heralds Garter for it Many suprem Princes haue been honord with it Why this was dedicated to S. George may easily be known if you remember how vniuersall a Patron he is in Christianitie For although hee be n v. 10. Hen. 7. cap. 20. Statut. Hiberniae now with vs as particular as S. Denis in France S Iames in Spain S. Andrew in Scotland S. Mark in Venice S. Patrike in Ireland S. Antonie in Italy yet not only the Emperor Frederique III. Pope Alexander VI. and the State of Genoa of later time ordaind certain Colledges of Knights de la Croce vnder S. George against the profest enemies of Christ and the Armes of the great Duke of Moscouie are iust as our S. George but also this very name of the Saint is vsually taken for Christ himselfe and his Serpent for the Diuell It s true that our Edward III. made his inuocation at the battell of Caleis Ha Saint Edward Ha Saint George and that Rama or as others o Anna Comnena Alexiad n. Malmesb. lib. 4. alij Ramel where in the Holy Warres about M. XCV a Bishop in honor of him was constituted because in an p Robert Monach hist. Hierosolym lib. 8. apparition Celestial and of the Albati Milites he was affirmd to be the Standard-bearer or Antesignanus is the place famous for his Martyrdome and Shrine and other particulars in the Legend occurre to this purpose yet Georgij saith Pope q Dist. 15. c. 3. § item gesta Gelasius aliorumque huiusmodi passiones quae ab haereticis perhibentur conscriptae propter quod ne vel leuis ordiretur subsannandi occasio in sancta Romana ecclesia non leguntur In the Greek Menologie hee is cal'd Tropelophorus which is so cited by that great Cardinal Baronius But I wonder hee mended it not Plainly it should be Tropaeophorus And an Eastern s Ioann Euchait in Hypomneum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pag. 51 Bishop writing to Constantin Monomachus calls S. George 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And in another place hee calls him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by which name to the Greeks he was known Of him you haue enough in the Martyrologies in the XXIII of Aprill on which the feast of these Knights is celebrated with great solemnitie at Windsor where the Chappell is dedicated to our Ladie and S. George the Dean being Register of the Order and you may see also Erhard Celly in his late description of Frederique Duke of Witemberg his installation into it by fauour Of the Round Table of our present Soueraign The Mahumedans honor t Cantacuzen Apolog. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 him as we They call him Chederle which one expresses by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Som talk of S. George born by King Arthur in one of his Banners But what is deliuerd of that Prince is so vncertain that euen the truth of his honord deeds is by incredible reports of him obscur'd Yet by the way his Order of the Round Table must not here bee forgotten Some make his first celebration of it at Caerleon in Monmouth others at Winchester where the Table is supposd yet to be but that seems of later date and Camelot in Somerset is famous u v. Leland Assert Arturij alios by it Of Winchester and the marriage of Igerne to Vter Pendragon father to Arthur Harding speaks as if Vter had begun it for Knights and Ioseph of Arimathia for religious persons And at the Day he wedded here and cround And she ferforth with child was then begonne To comfort her he set the Table round At Winchester of worthiest Knights alone Approued best in Knighthood of their foone Which table round Ioseph oâ— Arimathie For Brother made of the Saint x Sang Real i. Sangue Royal or Christs Bloud see if you will the storie of Arthur Gral only In which he made the sige perilous Where none should sit without great mischief But one that should be most religious Of Knights all and of the Round table chief The Saint Gral that should recouer and acheue By aduenture of his fortunitie It s like enough some such thing as Arthurs Order of this kind might be For out of Heger Earl of Mansfeild his being of it the antiquitie of y Spangb apud Ortelium in Mansfeild that Earldom in Saxonie is deriud and in Denbighshire as Stow tells vs in the Parish of Lansannan on the side of a stonie hill is a circular plain cut out of a main rock with some XXIV seats vnequall which they call Arthur's Round Table But many particulars of it as the names of the Knights the certain number their Coat Armor and such more whereof too largely are testimonies such as they be extant I beleeu as much as a Rablais liure 2. chap. 30. him that saies Sir Lancelot du lac fleas horses in hell and that all these Arthurian Knights are poor Watermen vpon Styx Acheron and other Riuers there to ferrie Spirits and Diuels vp and Down and that their fare is a fillip on the nose and at night a peece of mouldie bread But for the Round Table it seems it was in vse for Knights to sit at mongst the old Gaules as Posidonius b Athenaeus Dipnos 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 remembers and that to auoid controuersie about precedence A forme much commended by a late c Gemos. Halograph lib. 3. cap. 9. Writer for the like distance of All from the Sâ—lt being Center first and last of the Table furniture It s certain that it hath been in vse since the Normans mongst our Kings and in France Matthew Paris speaks of it in Hen. III. and Mortimer's vnder Edward I. at Kelingworth is famous in storie But what Thomas of Walsingham hath of Edward the third 's at Windsor before the Garter and of Philip of Ualois his in France receiue out of his own words Anno M. CCC XLIV qui est annus regni Regis Edwardi à conquestu terty XVIII Rex Edwardus fecit conuocari plures artifices ad Castrum de Windsore remember that before out of Froissart caepit aedificare domum quae Rotunda Tabula vocaretur habuit aut em eius area à centro ad circumferentiam per semidiametrum c. pedes sic diametrum c c.
289. like Los Ricos Hombres in Spain and Valuasors in the Empire ibid. A Barons ancient inuestiture and Banner 353. See in Cheualier and in Grestock and in Stafford Baro in Cicero Persius 258 Barons of the Exchequer 347. 391 Barons of the Cinque Ports 216 Baronagium Angliae Barnagium 277 Barigildi 264 Barn or Bern and Bernage 267 Bardus 260 Barkshire the old custome there in paying Reliefs 272 Bauiere the Dukedome anciently hereditarie and how vnder the French Kings 190 Bachelor Knights their deriuation 336 Batalarij and Baccalaurei 336 Bandum 354. 355 Baronetti in old Storie 355 Baronets created by King Iames. 356 357. their precedence 358 Bath Knights of the Bath 359. seq Bassa and Bassilar 376 Beaumont first Viscount in England 256 Beauchamp first Baron by Patent 281 Bel. 9 Belenus and Belin who they were in the British and Gaulish Idolatrie 9. 10 Belatucadre a British Deitie 10 Belus was Nimrod 6. seq how they came to be the same 9. seq Beltishazzar the name of Daniel 66 Beldigian the Aethiopique Emperor his title 86. 88 Belul Gian i. Prester Iohn 85 Belisama Minerua a Goddesse in an old Inscription 11 Bees mongst them an exemplarie State 4 Benauente first Dukedome in Castile 205 Beta's in the Coat of Constantinople 21 Berosus the true one 8. the false one 17 Besemi Allahi alrrhehmeni alrrhehimi the beginning of euery Azoar of the Alâ—oran and of the Mahumedans bookes and spoken religiously in the beginning of euery work vndertaken 101 Beg and Beglerbeg 377. 379 Begluc and Beglerbegluc 377 Bilinumtia 10 Bishops anciently inuested by the Staffe or Rod and Ring 200. the making of Bishops without Conge d'eslier giuen to Ed. VI. by Act of Parlament 201 Birrus 194 Bishops how Barons 282. 347. wont to sit in the Sherifs Turne 225. when that altered ibid. 388 Bishops titles 118 Bishops how they partake of the Prerogatiues of the Greater Nobilitie 347 Bij 383 Black Prince See Prince of Wales Bohemia created into a Kingdome 28 Britons and Britain A prophecie that the Britons should be Emperors of Rome 38. Constantine the Great born in Britain 37. See Christian and in England and English Breunin and Uhrennin i. King 45 Bretagne The Dukes greatnes there 116. forbidden to write Dei gratia ibid. Of that was the first Duke known by the distinct Title in France 149 Bructerans where they had their habitation 176 Brutes Oracle 36 Breeches how in vse anciently 148 Buccellatum what 336 Bulk Bulcoglar and Bulcouitz 78 Bulgarie the Kings prerogatiue there by indulgence from the Eastern Empire 22. 23 C CArpi Carpisculus what 72 Caradenizi 1. Mare delle Zabach 90 Carachan Carchan a dignitie 89 Carathay 90 Cardarigan and Carderigas dignities 90. 91 Calendar 378 Carniola Dukedome to be made by the Archduke 193 Carpaluc 1. Mare delle Zabach in Scythian 90 Cafe the place heretofore of the inauguration of the Sophi 95 Cap of Purple of the Moscouite 152 Cappa Honoris 207. 239 Capitaneus and Capitania 265. 289 Caesar and Caesarea Celsitudo giuen to the Grand Signior 104 Caesar Iul. how he refused the name of King 19. Caesar how that Title began in the Empire 69. when in the Successors apparant 170. it signifies an Elephant 69. 70 Caesar as it was a dignity in the Eastern Empire 171. 122 Capitales Baroniae 276 Capita Captiuitatis 154 Capellani or Chaplains whence so call'd 243 Caduceus of Mercurie 155 Caruagia and Carucagia 270 Causia the Macedonian Cap. 145 Capcanus 91 Canis in the Scaligeran Family 92 Canopie born by whom 216 Cam or Can See Cham. Caliph See Chaliph Caspian Sea or Mer de Bachu 106 Catholique the Title of Spain 80. 131 Caualieri di Sprone di Collana 383 Celebalatzaijr 1. the Procyon 13 Celts a genèrall name for the Europaeans 75 Celsitudo 120 Ceremonie in making the Chaliph 95. for Ceremonies see in Annointing in Banners in Sword in Bishops 152. and in Earth and Water in Inuestiture 207 Cernouitz 78 Chaldaeans their incredible stories of 150000. yeares 61 Chaldè in Aethiopia 86. 23 Chaganus whence and what 91 Cham Chahan Can. 90. 383 Cham or Chan of Cathay the Title whence 87. seque his Title 92. and see 98. Champagne Palatins 246 Chanaranges a dignitie 91 Chanoglan 89 Chaplets of leaues worne by Kings 145. 152 Chastellans of Poland 24â— Chaliphs and Chaliphat the ancient and their ends 93. what and whence Caliph 94. 97. Chalifs inauguration 95 Chaliph and Papa being the same 90 Chaliph of Bagdet his Tiar or Cidaris 146. 147 Chazaria 1. Taurica Chersonesus 91 Cheque what 111 Chondichâ—ar a Turkish addition of greatnesse 103 Children receiued at their birth in purple 83 Children like their parents in Praefatione Christ figured in the two first letters of his name 161 Christianissimus to the French 78 Christianitie speciallie among the Franks very ancient 79 Christian King first in Britain 78 Chlouis of France was not annointed King 131 Childbirth See Adam Chester a Writ of Right for part of the possessions of the Earldome anciently against Iohn the Scot Earle there 233. 244. made a Countie Palatin 247 Cheualier euery Parlamentary Baron so called in his Writ 283. whence deriu'd 332. the same with Miles 332. 334 Cheorlborn and Cheorlman mongst our Saxons 267. 268 Cinque Ports 216. See Barons Cimbrians who 294 Cidaris Citaris 144 Citie first built 14 16 Cingis or Cinchis Cham. 87. 88. 92 Cingulum Militis 309. Cingulum Otiosum Dignitatis militiare 312 Cinctura See in Dukes and Earles created Clarissimus 383 Cleargie men not to iudge in life and death 253 Cleta 76 Clito and Clitunculus 176 Cock See in Nergal Collar of SS 343 Collars giuen to Knights 362. 333 Common wealth how it began 2 Computation of years from the beginning of the world 6. and see in the Title of the old Roman Emperors 19. of the late and Christian. 171 Persian computation from their Neuruz 112. from the Arabian or Mahomedan Hegira 163 Compagnon le Roy. 44 Comes 220. how it differd from or was the same with Dux 182. 183 184. 186. 187. seq the same with Dux and Maâ—chio sometimes 213 Comes Matronae 219 Comites Maiores Minores 187 220 Comes See Counts Primi Secundi Tertij Ordinis 183 Comitiua 183. 184. seq Primi Ordinis ibid. Comitatenses Legiones 220 Comites Consistoriani 220 Comites whence the word deriu'd 228. 232 Comitiua Vacans 184 Comes Palatij was not the same with Maire du Maison 243. and of them more there following 385 Commarepani 209. 319 Consilium Domini Regis 279 Countors 292 Constable of England 216 Congé d'eslier 201 Concret See in Abstract Court Baron 273 Constantinople the Coat 21 Constantine the Great first of the Emperors writing himself Dominus publiquely 48. his DonatioÌ„ to the See of Rome 56. 151. he first vsd a Diadem how
anciently with vs 323. how among the Romans ibid. 329. when they came first hither 327. among the Iewes 328. in white wax in Praefat. Seleucia Bagded 93 Seriph or Seriffe 97 Seithi 97 Senior 110. 111 Serenitas Nostra 120 Sebastocrator 122. 156. 171. 197 Senoi Sansenoi Saminegeloph 165 Seigneurs Suzerains 207 Seneschal 244 Setar i. starra 328 Selefey in Sussex 301 Selden anciently Selkeden in Sussex 321 Sexhendman 334 Seruiens 335 Semiramis built not Babylon 8 Shinaghr 5. 32 Shach Sophi 105. 106 Shach Schach Saa c. 52. 111 Shooes with Eagles 155. See Red. Gilt Shooes 156. 157. See in Moon Shield-knaue 341 Shiregemote 225 Shrifes See Ealdorman and in VicecoÌ„ ViscouÌ„t in Bishops Sixtus Quintus his iest on himselfe for being born domo illustri in Praefat. Sihri 66 Sikerborgh 264 Sigillum Magnum and Sigillum Paruum 330 Siris whence so called the Riuer Nilus Sicilie Princes had Rex giuen them hereditarie 24 Skioldungi a Danish race 74 Soldan Saudan Sultan c. 94. 96. 383 Sophi whence in the Persian Title 107. and in whom first ibid. seq Sophi signifies not a Begger 108. See in Praefat. Sophilars a Sect. 106. 107 Souerraign Lord or Ladie 125 Somerset Earl 217 Sops of wine giuen in making an Earl 239. 240 Solidus duplex 204 Snowdon 215 Sommage and Somme 291 Sonnes of Noble Personages how some of them are accounted in Rank 284. 342 Solidati 335 Soldiers whence the name 335. 336 Spain See in Emperor and in Pragmatica in Dukes Earles Viscounts c. Spurres giuen in Knighthood 317 Spectabilis 383 Speaking or writing to Great Persons 116. 117. 119. 120. 121. seq See in Salutation Stafford Baron 283 Statues and Idolls how first worshipt 9 Stuart that name in Scotland when first Royall and whence 285 Starra the Iews written instruments of Contracts c. whence and where vsd 328 Sunne and its Images how worshipt by the Iews 10. by the Easterns Generall 11. and Persians 167 supposd with 12. beams 140. supposd in Astrologie President of Christianitie 166 Sultan See Soldan Sultan OleÌ„ i. Lord of the world 97 Sultan Gelal Eddin Melic Sa. 111. 112 Sublimitas 120 Sultanlar monie 112 Superiors speaking to Inferiors 114 Surname See Names Summon an Earl in his Countie 233 Summarius 291 Summagium 292 Subuasores 292 Sunni Schia 105 Sueuians old Prerogatiue in Praef. Suppani 381 Superillustris 383 Sword giuen in making a subiect King 29. For Sword see in Cinctura and Gladius and in Inuestiture of Dukes Count or Earl c. and in Knights Swearing See in Othes and in Cosmas Syro-Phoenician Graecian in S. Mark what 75 Synopsis Basilicon 21 Syncellus what 97 T TArtarean Empire 87. 89. 92 Taurica Chersonesus 91 Tangergoglan 93 Tanais 92 Tetragrammaton name of the Almightie whence and how pronounced among the Iews 50. 51 Teggiurlar 77. 381 Temerinda 90 Tenure of the Crown and of the King 266 Tenure of the I le of Man anciently 31. of the Tenants and Princes of the Empire 300 Templars might nos kisse a woman 373 Tecuytles 372 Tiberius his dissimulation 19. 20. he would not be calld Lord. 43. inclin'd to Christianitie 78 Themosis Pharaoh that was drowned in the Red sea 73 Thomas Apostle 88 Tiara what 144. what kind of one the King only wore 144. it was pulld off by the Persians in salutation 144 Thrymsa what 240 Thanes and Thegnes 225. 268. seq Thanus and Thainus 285. 272 Third part of the Counties profits to the Earls 229. 232. 233 Tiptofts rule 284 Thomas Becket See in Annointing and in Oile Timariots 380 Timaria 381 Tongues variation of the Europaean and Asiatique pronunciation 5. 6. Punique and Spanish 52. Hebrew and Maurish anciently the same 69. the Aethiopique Chalde 86. Slauonique and Tartarian 92 Tonosconcolerus 6 Tosch 285 Torniaments 321 Toga Virilis and the time of taking it 305 Truchten i. God or Lord. 61 Triumphall Ornaments whence 249 Tronagium granted 199 Trinoda Necessitas reserued alwayes in Saxon Feoffments 293 Tropaeophorus 364 Troplelophorus 364 Turks names 67. for them see in Mahumedans Turbant or Tulipant 144. 146. 147 Turkish Banner 378 Tzaophi i. Electus whence Sophi 107 Tzodki i a begger 108 Tzaggia and Tzaggae 342 V VAlecti 54. 321 Vashlu point how superstitious the Arabians are in reading it 102 Vacantes 184 Value of Dignities 232 Vaiuods 249. 382 Valuasores what â—65 289 Maiores Minores ibid. 290. 291. See in Vauasour Vauassories 291 Vauasours in France and England 292. and of England in 389. 390. whece the word 298 Valuasini 291 Vadiare legem amittere legem 344 Vassi Vassalli whence 297. 298. seq Velenno 10 Vezir Vezir azem 23. 377 Veromandia 71 Vitreus Ordinationis liber 135 Viennois See in Daulphin Viscounts whence and what in France 250. 251. his inuestiture 256. First in England and Scotland 256 Vicedominus 253. 254 Viguiers 251 Vicecomes whence so called for Shirife 252 Vicarius 252 Vidames whence 253 Virgata Terrae 272 Viro for Baro. 273 Villain knighted 318 Vlu Chan what 88. 89. 92 Vnchan or Vmcham 86. 87. 92 Vnction See in Annointing Volteius Mena Libertus to Pompey 325 Vrum Padischach i. the Emperor 103 Vsum Chasan 105 W W common with Qu. and Gu. 298 Wardships 54. See in Knights Wardships first in England Scotland 302 Wales See Prince 173 Walter Bishop of Ely 228 Werldthegnes what 225 White Kings 83 White in the Diadem proper to Kings 144. 145 Whitespurres 343 Wiltshire-mens Prerogatiue In Praefat. Witiscalc what 262 Wite 262. 263. 389 Wittenagemotes 226. 279 WisemeÌ„ of the East not Kings 108 Wife putting her away and taking her againe one of the execrations in the Mahumedans Oath 104 William Conqueror his arriuall and stumbling at the shore 34. his subiecting Church lands to the tenures 183 Will 11. his deniall of the Pope 26 Wight the Iles Kings 31 Worlds gouernment according to Hermes 3 Women and wiues called Dominae and Ladies 53 Women theeues drowned 286 Wooll 107 Worship and Worshipfull 124 Worshipfull Prince 124 X XA for Shach 111 Xeriph See in Seriph Y YEers See in Computation Z ZAga Zabo 85. 87 Zamer Chan. 91 Zabergan 91 Zelebi 381 Zosteria Minerua 311 Zuna 111 The end