Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	edward_n	king_n	york_n	2,635	5	9.7459	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64759	British antiquities revived, or, A friendly contest touching the soveraignty of the three princes of VVales in ancient times managed with certain arguments whereunto answers are applyed by Robert Vaughan, Esq. ; to which is added the pedigree of the Right Honourable the Earl of Carbery, Lord President of Wales ; with a short account of the five royall tribes of Cambria, by the same author.	Vaughan, Robert, 1592-1667.	1662 (1662)	Wing V139; ESTC R13109	35,406	50

lost the crown and scepter of London as we find in Prawf Ynad being an ancient MS containing the old laws of the Britains Then by a generall assembly of the men of Gwynedh Powys Deheubarth Evas Morganw● and Sersyllwe it was ordained that Aberfraw in Northwales should be the chiefest seat and the king thereof the soveraign King of all the British Princes And King Howel Dha in his Laws mentioneth a tribute due to the king of Northwales from the kings of Southwales and Powis whereby and by the inquisition before specified it is apparent that the title of Aberffraw or Northwales in effect is as large ample and honourable as the title of all Wales The ninth Argument IF King Edward the first of England had not accounted Wales to be his by the conquest of Rees ap Theodor he might have assumed against Lhewelyn ap Griff. the title of M●rtimer his subject in the right of Gwladice his wife sole sister and heir of David ap Lhewelyn the last lawfull prince of Northwales for Griffith ap Lhewelyn his eldest Brother father to Lhewelyn the ●●st Prince was base born But neither did the King think good to borrow that title nor did the Mortimers albeit they were raised to be Ear●s of March and becoming the strongest subjects in alliances and kindreds augmented the same by marrying the sole daughter and heir of the Duke of Clar●nce whereby they had after the crown of England ever claime the principality of Wales yea though they were in disgrace with the state of England and were in action against Henry the fourth which such mighty persons would hardly have omitted if the house of Northwales had had good right to the principality of Wales Neither would the policy of the State of England have suffered the rising of that house which by an undoubted right to Wales might have bereaved them thereof yet such right as they had is now lawfully vested in the crown by king Edward the fourth as heir to Mortimer The Answer IT appeareth in the statute of Ruthlan that Edward 1. did not claime or account the principality of Wales to be his by the overthrow of Rees ap Theodor for the assumes the glory of the conquest of Wales to himself as is manifest before in my answer to the 6. Argument whereunto for your better satisfaction in this point I remit you And the reason that he borrowed not the title of Mortimer his subject although it be a thing seldome or never heard of that the titles of Kingdomes should be borrowed or lent and that his said subject himself did not seize upon the said principality from Leoline the last as his right by inheritance was because that Mortimer had no right thereunto for Gwlades his wife was the sole sister of Griffith the eldest son of Lhewelyn the great who left behind him diverse children and not of David according to your allegation as by most strong arguments and ancient authority shall appear I doubt not but to your full satisfaction And first of all Ralph Lord Mortimer of Wigm●re the husband of Gwlades dhu did procure with all his might the deliverance of Griffith out of his Brother Davia's prison and also labour for his installment in the principality of Wales as is apparent in Mathew Paris which he would never have done it his wi●e had been the sole sister and heir of David for by the raising of Griffith to the throne of Wales he should not only depose David but also most indiscreetly exclude himselfe from being heir apparent to the principality of Wales and next to rule after David who had no issue Secondly the Lord Mortimer after the death of prince David made no claime to the principality which in no w●se he would have omitted if he had been his heir apparent and the king of Englands nephew as you pretend who for the recovery of his right would minister unto him sufficient aid both in men and money But this neglect infallibly denoteth that Gwlades with her posterity was not the heir of David seeing that Leoline held that peaceably with the consent of the King And in an old book written above 200 years ago I found the pedegree of Richard Duke of York father of king Edward the 4. wherein the Dukes descent is first brought to the Mortimers by Anne his Mother and from the Mortimers to the Princes of Wales by the said Gwlades as being sister and heir of Griffith and not of David even thus Leolinus fuit princeps Walliae pater Gladys ddu haeres suus fuit Griffinus princeps Walliae qui habuit quatuor filios Lew●linum ille fuit ultimus princeps Walliae Owinnm David Rodri qui decesserunt sine haered bus ideo revertamur ad Gladys Dhu quam Radulphus Mortimer duxit in uxorem Lewelyn was Prince of Wales and the father of Glaays ddû his heir was Griffith Prince of Wales who had 4. sons viz. Lewelyn the last Prince of Wales Owen David and Rodri who dyed without heirs therefore let us come back again to Gladys ddu whom Ralph Mortimer married Hereby it appeareth that Griffith was L●welyn ap Jorwerth's son heir therefore born in Wedlock that his four sons leaving no Heirs as that Author saith the right of the principality descended to the posterity of Gwladus which directly proveth she was sister of the whole bloud to Griffith and not to David of whom the Author maketh no mention at all accounting him and his sisters some of whose posterity live at this day no better then Bastards Thirdly our ancient books of pedegrees do with one consent affirme that the children of Leoline ap Jor were Griffith and Gwlades dhu whose mother was Tanglwyst the daughter of Lhowarch goch of Ros David Prince of Wales Gwenlliant Angharad and Marvred whose Mother was Joan the Daughter of King John The white book of Hergest a very fair and ancient parchment Manuscript saith that prince Lhewelyn wedded one Tanglwyst the daughter of Llowarch Lord of Anglesey and begat by her Griff. and Gwladys dee Gwilym Tew that flourished in the daies of Henry 6. hath written that Leolin ap Jorwerth begat Gwladus ddu upon the daughter of Llowarch goch which was the mother of Griffith And last of all I find it noted in an old manuscript thus Lewelinus Gervasii filius princeps Walliae primo desponsavit Tanglwyst filiam Lhowarch Vychan de qua genuit Griffith Gwlades ddu quondam uxorem Radulphi de Mortuomari post mortem dictae Tanglwyst idem L●welynus desponsavit Joannam filiam Johannis regis Angliae de qua genuit David principem Gwenlliant uxorem Jo Lacie comitis Lincolnia Angharad primo desponsata Johanni de Brewys domino de Brechon post cujus decessum desponsata fuit Malgoni Vachan ap Maelgon ap Rees ex eadem uxore genuit filiam quae maritata est Johanni Scotico comiti Cestriae qui fuit nepos Ranulphi comitis Cestriae ex parte

prince of Southwales and attributing the same wholly to the power of a third son whereas it is evident that he had neither force nor authority to perform it but as his fathers minister and subject whom his father thought good to honour with the fruit of his valour and victory being atchieved propriâ manu not proprio marte more then the conquests of the famous prince Edward called the black prince whose everlasting honours they are but the possessory right of them was to his fathers crown And it is to be observed that as the division of Wales by Roderic the great did give the ground of the subduing thereof to the crown of England so it bred these preparatives thereunto first the continuall usurpation of the Descendants of Anarawd upon his lawfull heirs Insomuch as for 200 yeares after the division five of that line did intermissively usurp the government of Northwales and only two lawfull princes ruled there and those not past 12 yeares if they be allowed to be the issue of Anarawd which some writers of Northwales do gainsay in which licentious times one Aedan ap Blegored a meer private man neither of the bloud of the Prince nor of the Nobility that any antiquity doth record intruded into the government and held it 12. yeares untill he was expelled by the prince of Southwales Secondly it gave the Danes and English opportunity to invade and weaken all the parts of Wales who were often called in by the usurpers of Northwales to joyn with them against the prince of Southwales By those occasions the princes of Southwales as supreme lords of Wales for the generall quiet preservation thereof did seize assume into their hands the government of Northasales wherein six of them ruled the said 200. yeares which had not they done the government in all likelihood had been in that time translated from the race of Roderic the great But in the end of those 200 yeares Rees ap Theodor prince of Southwales with great valour and wisdome did overcome all these long grown evills and being the most powerfull prince that was since Roderic the great and lineal heir to Cadelh expelled Trahern ap Caradoc the last usurper of Northwales and placed Griffith ap Conan who was held to be the lawfull prince of the house of Anarawd in the quiet and settled possession thereof which honourable dealing was very ill requited by Griffith ap Conan towards the son of Rees ap Theodor in his distresse as shall be after declared By all which may appear the generall care of the princes of Southwales over the whole dominion of Wales derived from their supreme power authority and jurisdiction For confirmation hereof it is further to be observed that sithence the said division no prince of Northwales did ever rule in Southwales or by any occasion did make claime to the principality thereof and therefore upon this disposing of the principality of Northwales by the princes of Southwales it is further concluded that the princes of Southwales were the soveraign princes of Wales The Answer IT is recorded by Caradocus that Anarawd King of Northwales made a road into the country of Cardigan Ystradtywi the possession of his brother Cadelh but being that the Author alleageth not the cause thereof as whether it were lawfull or unlawfull it might with better reason be said that it was made for the defect of Payment of the Tribute due to the crown of Abersraw from Southwales then such a Rebellion as thereby forfeiture of Royalty should ensue and considering also that no chastisement was executed by Cadelh or Howel Dha his son upō Anarawd who lived long after it may seem great rigor and tyranny in him and much to derogate from his title of Dha that is the good if he did deprive Idwal's son of his inheritance for the offence of Anarawd his grandfather committed many yeares before his birth not upon the countries of Howel as you say but of Cadelh his father Therefore if you hold his coming to Northwales to be upon good and lawfull grounds it will be your best course rejecting offences and forfeitures wholly to stick to the incapacity of the heir of Northwales by reason whereof Howel's coming to Northwales whether it were as being next of blood able and worthy to undertake such a charge or by the appointment of his cousen Idwal foreseeing perhaps the weaknesse of his son or else by the election of the people was good just and lawfull And in regard of his said regency over the house of Northwales and the right thereunto belonging I do confesse that he was the soveraign prince of all Wales But considering that after his death the other sons of Idwal Voel and their successors the princes of Northwales recovered and held as I said before as well the soveraignty of all Wales as the rule of Northwales it plainly appears that the right of soveraignty belonged not to Southwales Moreover Owen the son of Howel Dha was never ruler of Northwales nor had any action against Cadwalhon ap Jeuaf whereby to deprive him of his Crown and Kingdome as you say neither is it likely if he had so conquered him that he would preferre his yonngest son to the Government of that Kingdome lest by exalting the younger brother to honours and dignities above the elder discord and sedition might breed between them and in a word your own countryman Caradocus that lived about 250 years after this time attributeth the overthrow of Cadwalhon ap Jevaf and conquest of Northwales to the only power of Mredith ap Owen who then in his Mothers right did rule all Powis land whereby his power to undertake that voyage may plainly appear in these words Mredyth ap Owein a lathawdh Cadwallawn ap Jevaf drwy fuddugoliaeth a chaffael meddiant oi gyuoeth sef gwyneth a Mon a ddarystngawdh iddaw that is Mredith ap Owen slew Cad ap Jeuaf in battell and seised on his dominions for Northwales and the isle of Anglesey submitted to him Here is no mention had of Owen or his power and therefore our writers of Northwales being only Interpreters of your Caradocus are free from that scandalous imputation that you charge them with And Lhewelyn ap Seissyllt prince of Southwales who overcame Aedan ap Blegowryd did not challenge the regency of Northwales for Jago the son of Idwal the lawfull heir as is thought was not as yet in full age as appertaining any way to the crown of Southwales as you could wish it but as he was next heir of blood unto the said Jago for as Caradocus saith he was descended from the kings of Wales by the mother side whose name was Trawst the daughter and heir of Elissau the second son of Anarawd the eldest son of Roderic the great and by that meanes according to the same Author he claimed and enjoyed the right of Northwales therefore his coming to the rule of that Kindome doth not at all favour or confirme

your Argument And here I do greatly marvel who those six Kings of Southwales were that as you say assumed to their hands the government of Northwales for Mredyth ap Owen was neither king nor heir apparent of Southwales when he conquered Northwales and Howel ap Edwyn was King of Southwales when Griffith ap Lhewelyn undertook the rule of Northwales and in like manner Mredyth ap Owen ap Edwym governed Southwales when Biedhyn ap Cynfyn received the principality of Northwales at the hands of the king of England doing homage for the same whereby it is evident that these three princes were not of the six that you mention and Howel Dha with Lhewelyn ap Seissyllt though they were most worthy and noble princes yet cannot exceed the number of two therefore the number of six must needs be a mistake It is also to be observed that these princes Mredyth Griff Bledhyn and Trahayarn ap Caradoc after they had settled themselves in the sure and quiet possession of Northwales seised to their hands the Kingdome of Southwales and held the same either by strong hand and usurpation or by state of inheritance or else in the right of Soveraignty over all Wales that belonged to the crown of N●rthwales Usurpers they were not if it be true that as you say in the end of your Treatise Southwales did never faile of a lawfull Prince to govern it till the period thereof by the fatall overthrow of prince Rees ap Theodor lawfull heires also to Cadelh they cannot be for the posterity of En●on the son of Owen king of Southwales and eldest brother to the said Mredyth were living and therefore they could not challenge Southwales by inheritance it remaines then of necessity that their title to Southwales was grounded on the soveraignty that belonged to the king of Northwales whereof they were princes But howsoever the matter went it is certaine that they were kings of Northwales and being so they took into their hands the regiment of Southwales whereby I do conclude it was a grosse error in you when you say that no prince of Northwales did ever rule in Southwales or by any occasion did claime the principality thereof seeing the examples of four princes must cause you to confesse either your ignorance or partiall censure Lastly you say that Rees ap Theodor prince of Southwales with great valor and wisdome did expell Trahern ap Caradoc the last usurper of Nerthwales and placed Griff ap Conan in the quiet possession thereof but antiquity the truth will informe us otherwise for in the life of Griff. ap Conan we may read that when the said Griffith with his navy landed at Portcleis neer St. Davids your powerfull prince Rees had been a little before deprived of his Kingdome by Trahayarn king of Northwales and others and for safegard of his life had covertly taken Sanctuary at St. Davids but hearing of Griffith's approach he came with the Bishop and all the clergy of that house to meet him where Rees fell upon his knees before Griffith and acquainting him with his ill fortunes desired his help and aid to fight with those his adversaries promising to do him homage and to reward him with the moity of his Revenues and Griff pittying his estate yeelded to his request and having overthrown in battell his enemies he installed Rees in the quiet possession of Southwales entred and destroyed Powis with fire and sword and recovered the Kingdome of Northwales his due inheritance here withall I find an entry made to Powys by a prince of Northwales before the fatall overthrow of Rees ap The●dor which you deny in your first Argument The sixth Argument THat the kings of England did ground their title to the principality and soveraignty of Wales upon the conquering of Rees ap Theodor prince of Wales in the raign of Rufus and not upon the subduing of Lhewelyn ap Griffiu in the raign of Edward the first as the writers of Northwales do alledge for from the conquering of Rees ap Theodor all the withstanding of the power of the kings of England in Wales was termed by them Rebellion and Treason which before alwaies had the name of War And thenceforth the Kings of England did give Seigniories and possessions in Wales to their English subjects and so the Lords Marchers began and thenceforth were the strong Castles and Forts erected and Garrisons planted in all parts of Wales wherein either the Kings of England or the Lords Marchers did set footing which grounded in the Kings of England a resolution to prosecute and accomplish the absolute conquest of Wales And thereby the bishoprick of St. Davids and by that sea all the rest of the Bishopricks of Wales were brought under the jurisdiction of Canterbury And thereupon Griff. ap Conan and the rest of the princes of Northwales succeeding yeilded to the kings of England submission for that principality and to hold the same of the crown of England and gave them pledges to abide in their peace And the kings of England were stayed from the absolute conquest of Northwales chiefly by their unsettled state in England being full of troubles especially by the French and Barons wars which were no sooner ended but that King Henry the third and his son Edward 1. took Northwales from Lhewelyn the last yet adding thereby no more to his former possession of the principality of Wales as the statute of Ruthlan doth shew but terram de Snowdon and accounting Lhewelyn not an Enemie but a Rebell as appeared by fixing his head on the highest turret of the Tower of London and executing his brother David for Treason whereas the English did deliver the slain body of Rees ap Theodor to a decent and honourable buriall in the Abbey of Ystradflwr The Answer ALthough the Kings of England after the overthrow of Rees ap Theodor did terme the withstanding of their power in Wales rebellion and Treason it cannot be conceived that should be a sufficient ground for their title to the principality of Wales for what are those termes but the hard censure of their utter and alwaies professed enemies in their greatest anger and indignation peradventure after some shamefull overthrow and losse received and therefore not much to be regarded But it cannot be granted they gave such names to those wars for the wars between King John with his Successors the Kings of England and Lhewelyn the great David his son Owen Goch and Lhewelyn ap Griffith Princes of Wales are alwaies termed Guerrae as it appears in the submissions of David ap Lhewelyn An 1240. 1241. of Owen Goch and Lhewelyn An the adward of Ottobonus the Pope's Legate An 1268. and the agreement between Edward the first and the said Lhewelyn prince of Wales An 1277. do likewise call those wars Guerrae which doth not in any Author signifie Rebellion as must needs be acknowledged Now that the kings of England thenceforth did give Seigniories and possessions in Wales to their