his majoritie and raigne and so our storie shall grow up with him in dimensions and yeares Of his Nativitie and Dauphinage LEwis the thirteenth second French King of the Bourbon line had for his father Henry the great and the great Duke of Toscanies daughter for his mother The first we know was sent out of the world by Ravaillac the second by Richelieu as some out of excesse of passion doe suggest For this great Queene having conceived a deep displeasure and animositie against him and not liking his counsels and course of policy to put quarrels and kindle a war betwixt her children in a high discontentment she abandon'd France and so drew a banishment upon her selfe which expos'd her to divers encumbrances removes and residences abroad and this some thinke accelerated her end For great spirits have this of fastnesse and constancie in them that where their indignation is once fixed for having their counsels cross'd their authoritie lessen'd and the motions of their soules resisted they come ofttimes to breake rather then bow As we see the huge Cedars who scorning to comply with the windes and stormes fall more frequently then the Willow and poore plying Osier who yeeld and crouch to every puffe But to our chiefe taske When the sixteenth Christian centurie went out Lewis the thir teenth came into the world and he began the seventeenth being borne in the yeere sixteene hundred and one about the Antumnall Equinoctiall which was held to be a good presage that he would prove a good Iusticer The Queene had a hard delivery her body having beene distemper'd by eating of fruit too freely so that when the Midwife brought him forth to the King and to the Princes of the blood in the next roome who according to the custome of France use to be present for preventing of foule play for an Heire apparant of the Crown his tender body was become black and blue with roughnesse of handling and the Midwife thinking to have spouted some wine out of her mouth into his the King tooke the bottle himselfe and put it to the Dauphins lips which reviv'd his spirits His publique Baptisme was not celebrated till five yeers after at Fontainebleau because the plague was in Paris and the solemnitie was greater in preparation and expectance then it was in performance The King would have had him nam'd Charles but the Mother over-rul'd and gave the law in that point and would have him called Lewis Paul the fifth was his godfather notwithstanding that the Spanish faction did predominate in the Conclave at his election which happen'd about the time the Dauphin was borne And the French Ambassadour then at Rome meeting with the Spanish at Saint Angelo and telling him Ilmio Rè há fatto un maschio my King hath made a sonne The Spanish Ambassadour answer'd il mio Rè há fatto un Papa and my King hath made a Pope It seemes that Mercury the father of eloquution and who hath the powerfullest influence ore the tongue was oppressed by a disadvantagious conjunction with a more praedominate planet at his Birth which appear'd by that naturall slownesse he had in his speech as Lewis the sixt his predecessor and last Emperour of the six French Kings had But a rare thing it was and not to be paralleld in any age that two of the greatest Kings of Europe I meane the Dauphin we now write of and His Majesty of England now regnant should come both into the world within lesse then ten moneths compasse the one in November the other in September next following I say a most rare thing it was that it should so fall out that as they were contemporaries in yeares and raigne the same kinde of utterance should be coincident and connaturall to them both though the haesitation be lesse in Him of November Besides it seemes he is richly requited with the advantage of an incomparable imperious pen wherein nature joyning hand with Art hath made him so rich a compensation that he may well claime the palme of all his progenitors But now againe to our Infant Dauphin which the English with other call Dolphin commonly but very corruptly for 't is not from a fish but a faire Province that he derives this appellation the very instant he comes into the world the ground whereof was this Humbert last Dauphin of Viennois having lost his eldest sonne in that famous battaile of Crecy against the English and his tother sonne having died of a fall from betwixt the Fathers armes as he was dallying with him The said Humbert being oppressed by the Duke of Savoy and others transmitted and bequeathed as free gift the brave Province of Dauphinè unto Philip of Valois then King of France with this proviso that his eldest sonne and so of all successive Kings should beare the title of Dauphin to perpetuity during their fathers lifes holding it as he did and his progenitors had done in fee of the Empire This was the sixteenth Dauphin since the first who was Charles the wise in the yeare 1349. whereby I observe that the precedent title of the presomptif Heire of the Crowne of France is not so ancient by halfe a hundred of yeares as the title of Prince of Wales to the Heire apparant of England which begun in Edward the firsts time who conferred that honour upon his sonne Edward of Caernarvon 1301. But this title of Dauphin seemes to have a greater analogie with the Dukedome of Cornwall which title was confer'd first upon the black Prince because this as that of Dauphin needes no creation for ipsissimo instante the very moment that any of the King of Englands sons come to be Heire apparant of the Crowne he is to have liverie and seisin given him of the Dutchy of Cornwall with all the honours and lands annexed for his present support Touching those publike passages of State that happened during the Dauphinage of Lewis the thirteenth while Henry the fourth lived we will nor meddle with them because we would not confound the actions of the father with those of the sonne He was educated with that speciall care and circumspection wherewith the Dauphins of France are wont to be bred as also with that freedome from overmuch awe and apprehensions of feare which is observed in the French breeding generally because the spirits may not be suppressed and cowd while they are ductible and young and apt to take any impression He was not much taken with his booke nor any sedentary exercise but with pastimes abroad as shooting at flyes and small hedge birds to which end his Father put to him Luynes who had many complacentious devices to fit his humour that way for which petty volatill sports he soard at last to the highest pitch of honour that a French subject could flie unto for of a gentleman in decimo sexto he was made Duke Peer and Lord high Constable of all France But he had the advantage to have the managing of his masters affection
Truncheon of Marshall was sent him The Pope interpos'd also in this busines and had Forces there and there were sundry skirmishes fought The Spaniard told the Pope lowdly That he came thither to conquer Heretiques and the places which he had taken from them were by consequence justly acquir'd and so might be justly kept howsoever it was reason he should hold them untill his charges were reimbours'd Hereupon Cardinal Barberin was sent to France to accommode things but little could be done for that time This War of the Valtolins begot another twixt the Duke of Savoy and Genoa the principall motive whereof was to divert the Spaniard from the Conquest of the Valtoline Yet the Savoyard alledg'd that the Genois usurped divers places from him that they had offer'd him some indignities in defacing and vilifying his picture whereby they imitated the Leopard who by the naturall hatred he beares to man useth to teare his image with his ongles and teeth when he cannot exercise his fury upon his body The old Constable Lesdiguieres notwithstanding that he had one foot in the grave yet it seems he had an ambition to die in the field therefore he made earnest instances to the King that he would be pleas'd to employ him against the Genois Hereupon he clammer'd over the Alpes to Piemont where he with the Duke of Savoy made an Army of twentie five thousand foot and four thousand horse which they powr'd into the territories of Genoa The Constable with Crequy his son in law had the Vantgard The Duke with the Prince of Piemont seconded and they march'd severall roads The French took Capriata which was taken by Storm and all were put to the sword and plunder the inhumanitie whcih the Souldiers exercis'd upon the women and maides rais'd an ill odor of the French in Italy He took divers other places And the Duke of Savoy on the other side rendred himself Master of sundry strong holds In the interim there were three Spanish vessels which sayling from Barcelona to Genoa were by distresse of weather forc'd upon the Coasts of Marseilles and being out of any Port of commerce they were seiz'd upon by the Duke of Guyse hereupon the Genois made a loud complaint in Madrid and the King of Spain resented it so much that a Proclamation issued out to Arrest all French vessels that were in any haven of Spain and also to seize upon all the Marchants goods and it was thought there were neer upon two hundred thousand French then dwelling or trading in Spain and eighteen thousand in Madrid it self of all sorts of Marchants and Pedlers In correspondence to this The French King publish'd a Declaration wherein he interdicted all commerce to Spain The violent progresse of the French and Savoy Army against Genoa awaked all the Princes of Italy thereupon the King of Spain armes mainly in Milan and Naples The Emperour also sent a considerable number of horse and foot and all conjoyn'd under the Duke of Feria who was made Generall by Land and the Marquis of Santacruz came with twentie two gallies and five galeons by Sea with four thousand combatants from Sicilie to secure the sea of Genoa who had eighteen gallies besides in cours and ten thousand men by Land upon the appearance of this great Army most of those places which had rendred themselfs to France and Savoy open'd their gates to the Spanish army at first approach They ravag'd the countrey of Monferrat up and down and came thence before Ast a considerable frontire town of Piemont Yet though there were five or six armies in motion that Sommer in Italy there was no battail fought but only sieges and leagers sallies and skirmishes The approach of Winter brought a suspension of armes afterwards a Treaty was appointed at Monson and twentie Articles interchangeably accorded unto so the War ended and a Peace was renew'd twixt all Parties The Duke of Savoy was neither himself nor by his Ambassador or Deputy present at this Treaty which made him complain highly of the King of France taxing him with infraction of Faith and of the late Confederation between them thereupon the King sent Monsieur Bullion to him in qualitie of Ambassador to make an Apologie that his Highnes should not impute this to ill faith or any disrespect of him or to any particular advantage his Majesty hop'd to receive thereby for himself therefore his Highnes should not except at the light omission of complements which had more of exterior apparance then sincerity Bullion having notice that the Duke would give him a solemn open audience in the presence of most of his Lords and Counsell prepared himself accordingly and being come into the roome the little Duke began to speak very high language thereupon Bullion told him in his eare That he perceav'd his Highnes to be mov'd therefore he pray'd him not as an Ambassador but as a privat man and his servant to speak of so puissant and illustrious a Monark with that moderation respect and reservednes that his Majesty might not be offended and if his Highnes thought to satisfie himself by words of advantage nothing would remain unto him but repentance so to suffer himself to be transported by a disordred passion For the main businesse the King having obtain'd by the Treaty at Monson all that he and his Allies could hope for if they had gain'd a battaile as also the liberty of the Grisons and the Valtolines his Confederates ought not to take offence if he as the Eldest had treated himself alone for his Cadets a title which they had reason to esteeme for honorable Yet if notwithstanding these considerations his Highnes desir'd to have satisfaction in a stricter way he would undertake his Majesty should make him amends In the interim he wish'd his Highnes to think upon any thing wherein his most Christian Majesty might be advantageous unto him The Duke being calm'd by these words answer'd that he thought upon Royalty and if his Majesty would approve of his design being already well assured of the Popes good will he car'd not much for other Potentats and he would be contented to be treated by the King in the same manner as the Kings of France were us'd to treat the Kings of Scotland and Navarr By Royalty he meant the Kingdome of Cypres which title the Ambassador told him could not be had without distasting the Republique of Venice whose adoptif son he was and whereas he pretended some places in Toscany that could not be done without displeasing the Queen Mother The King having dispos'd already of his 3. Sisters began to think on a Match for Monsieur his Brother now it is the style of France to call the Kings sole Brother Monsieur without any further addition to distinguish him from others Marie of Bourbon daughter to the Duke of Monpensier was thought to be a fit wife for him hereupon the King mov'd it unto him but he desir'd time to consider of it because it
Conestabili de Lediguieres in Generum datus est Ut Heroum filius Gallici Martis alumnus esset Sub eo Magistromaturè vincere coepit ut diu vinceret Ea aetate militiae Magister qua vix alii sunt Tyrones Nulla est Galliae Provincia ubi non vicerit hostes Regios Nulla occasio in qua non vicerit suos Renovavit gentilitii vexilli praerogativam dum renovavit victoriam Iterum hoc clamore Gallico dignus A Crequy Crequy le gran Baron nul ne s y frotte Tot ultra Alpes victorias retulit ut Galliam Cisalpinam restaurare potuerit Nisi Gallia Italiam sociam babere mallet quà m subditam Subaudiam Subalpinos sic expugnavit hostis ut Verruca una non steterit Si defendit Amicus ut Verruca una non perierit Nec dubium quin servasset Bremam qui Verrucam servaverat Nisi hostis absentem peremisset ne praesentem fugeret Nec tenacior fuit Regiae fidei quam Divinae Utramque obsignavit suo sanguine ut testatam faceret dum facit purpuream Inflictam ab Haeresi plagam medio in vultu ostentabat ut gemmam Nec insignior Gallicae fidei clientaris Legatus ire Romam potuit Quà m qui insignia Fidei in oculis gerebat Tacente lingua loqui haec plaga potuit Qualis esset fides Gallica Cujus Rex Apostolus Marescalli Martyres essent Nec siluit lingua Crequii cujus urbanitas Urbano sic placuit Ut in eo amaverit Palladem et agnoverit Martem Romanum patrocinium sic optavit Galliae ut Gallicum obtulerit Romae Nec silebit unquam haec lingua cui Fama pro voce erit Continuabit laudes lituo quas Mors intonare coepit tubo bellico Erravit Mors in Crequio laudavit dum peremit Inchoavit Elogium quod Fama absolvet et AEternitas canet Nec unquam exarescet Arbor Crequia cujus tot rami in poster is virent Videbit finem Galliae quae initium vidit Immortalis futura si tales semper nascantur surculi Abi viator ut mortem fallas Incipe immortalis esse dum moreris Generall Crequy being thus crack'd by a Cannon the Spaniard took Breme besieges Verselli which notwithstanding it was once succour'd by the French was rendred him upon the same termes that Don Pedro de Toledo had given the very same moneth when she was taken in the yeer 1625. France had better fortune this yeer by repelling the invading forces of Spain then by entring her confines another way for revenge We made mention a little before how bravely Leucato was preserv'd and to cry quittance with the Spaniard the Prince of Condé had a vast high Commission to be the Kings Lieutenant General in the Provinces of Guyen Languedoc Navar Bern and Foix with plenary power to command all the Gentry and make whom he would to mount a horseback for the war as also the Cominalty to forme the body of an Army to invade the territories of Spain so he pitch'd upon Fontarabia he took Iroon and Ouyarson Berha with other small places of advenues in the way and so he sate before the Town where the Pioner put presently spade in earth for a circumvallation The Archbishop of Bourdeaux came with a mighty Fleet by Sea to second this enterprise and the siege having lasted above threescore dayes he offer'd with his rondaches and by an assault Seaward to carry the Town Hereupon a Counsell of War was call'd where the Duke de la Valette who was Lieutenant Generall to the Prince of Condé spoak very gallantly that he and the Marshall de la Force had bin the chiefest Actors in that achievment thitherto that he had made a breach in the walls after the springing of two mines and done other things towards the straightning of the place and it was not consonant to reason or agreeable to the law of War and honor that another now that the work was almost brought to perfection should have the glory of their dangers sufferings and labours This clash 'twixt the Archbishop and the Duke de la Valette to whom Condé adhaer'd prov'd to be the ruine of this great Expedition for while they were debating the businesse after the breach was made for a generall assault the Spaniards came tumbling down the Hills and appeard to be more numerous far then they really were so after a great slaughter on both sides but more of the French whereof divers were thrust into the Sea the siege was rais'd and one may say The Town was lost for not offring to take it if they had presently poursued the breach Amongst divers errors which were committed in this action besides the weaknesse of their entrenchments two were the quitting of Passage without which the enemies would not have bin able to draw provision for their subsistence from Saint Sebastian then the not erecting of a work upon the mountain of Gadaloupe which was neer the Town and whence the Spaniard descended first The French Army retyring to the frontiers staid some dayes at Iroon expecting the enemy should poursue them which he did not whereby they inferr'd that he was not so strong as they took him to be and so he was willing to make them a bridge of sylver thus this Invasion came to nothing which made the Spaniard geer them afterwards saying They had in this attempt discover'd the true nature of the French viz. to enter like thunder and vanish like smoak De la Valette being come to Bourdeaux to the old Duke his Father after he had receiv'd relation how matters had gone and what traverses there pass'd 'twixt him and Condé and the Archbishop advis'd him to get away as soon as he could to England which he did and 't was time for him for afterwards his Proces was fram'd in Paris and he was executed in Effigie so by this act of Justice the publique dishonour which seem'd to reflect upon France in generall was restrain'd to his person Nor is it a new thing to sacrifice Commanders to such uses Besides the Duke of Espernon being now an hundred yeers of age and odd moneths and having continued above forty yeers Governour of Gascony was outed of his Office and commanded to retire to Plassac where he died some moneths after but before his death he had these severall disasters befell him within the revolution of one yeer his eldest son the Duke of Candale fell in Italy the Cardinall his brother died in Savoy his third son was in banishment in England and he himself dismiss'd of all command and depriv'd of this life The judgements of men were very discrepant touching the carriage of the busines of Fontarabia the major part imputed the fault to the Prince of Condé and the Archbishop who was a creature of the Cardinals For the first he was content his son the Duke of Anguien should marry the Cardinals Neece a little after which was done as some gave out of purpose for preventing
to his youngest brother Armand whose life we write But afterwards by his meanes the Carthusian Fryer was brought to accept of the Archbishoprick of Aix in Provence then of Lions and so ascended to be Cardinal He had also two sisters Frances maried to the Baron of Pont de Curlay who had of her the Duchesse of Esguillon And Nicola his second sister was maried to the Marquis of Brezé Marshall of France and first French-Viceroy of Catalonia in Spain upon the late revolt who hath a son and a daughter by her Iohn Armand the son was Generall of the French Army in the West and employ'd Ambassador extraordinary to congratulat the new King of Portugall Clara Clemente the daughter was maried lately to the Duke of Anguiern eldest son to the Prince of Condé When his brother Alphonso had transmitted unto him the Bishoprick of Lusson he went to Rome for a Consecration and Paul the Fifth dispenc'd w th his incapacity of age for he was but 21 yeers old Some report that the Pope observing the height and activity of his spirit was overheard to say That that young Prelat would overturn the world being return'd to France from Rome and brought to kisse Henry the Fourths hands he was somewhat taken with him telling him that he was come from that place whence one day should descend upon him the greatest honor that Rome could affoord a Frenchman and afterwards he was us'd to call him his Bishop For divers yeers he applied himself altogether to the function of his Ministery and us'd to preach often in the Kings Chappell In the Assembly of the three States he was chosen Orator for the Ecclesiastiques where his pregnancy of wit first appeer'd publicly in matters of State Where upon he got footing afterward at Court and was made great Almoner Then his abilities discovering themselfs more and more he was nominated Ambassador extraordinary for Spain to accommode the differences then a foot 'twixt the Dukes of Savoy and Mantova when the Princes started out in discontent and put themselfs in armes to demolish the Marshall of Ancre some Privy Counsellors were outed of their Offices at Court amongst others Monsieur Villeray had his Writ of ease for being any more Secretary of State and the Bishop of Lusson was thought the fittest man to succeed him and to receive the Seales which he did and this diverted him from his forren employment to Spain When the Marquis of Ancre was Pistol'd and his wife beheaded there was a new face of things at Court another generation of Officers grew out of the corruption of the old among others Villeroy steps in to be Secretary of State again in the room of the Bishop of Lusson yet was the King willing he should sit still at the Counsell Table and Monsieur de Vignobles brought him an intimation of the Kings pleasure to that purpose But the Queen Mother retyring from Paris to Blois he chose rather to go with his old Mistresse then stay with a young Master as the pulse of the Court did beat then By some ill offices that were done 'twixt the King and his Mother by factious spirits many jealousies were dayly fomented between them Hereupon the Bishop of Lusson had order to withdraw himself from her Court so he retir'd to his Priory of Caussay but that distance being thought not sufficient he betook himself to his Bishoprick at Lusson and that place also being suspected to be too neer he was sent to Avignon the Popes Town which might be call'd a banishment for it was out of the Dominion of France Discontents growing higher twixt the King and his Mother till at last they broak out into a War and there being Armies on both sides in motion Luynes writ a Letter to the Bishop to repaire to Angoulesme to which Letter there was a Postscript annex'd all of the Kings own hand to the same effect The Queen Mother was fled thither from the Castle of Blois and by means of the Duke of Espernon with others had considerable forces a foot Here was a brave opportunity offer'd for the Bishop to shew his head-peece in atoning matters 'twixt the Mother and the Son for which end he was inordred to repaire thither He negotiated the busines so succesfully by his dextrous addresses and flexaminous strains of eloquence that he took away the inflamation of the wound and so made it easily curable A Treaty was agreed upon and the Capitulations being drawn he brought them to the King who receiv'd him with much shew of grace and so all matters were accommoded But this accommodation did not heale quite and consolidat the wound for it had not search'd it to the bottome therefore it began to fester and more putrified matter broak out of it then formerly The Mother and the Son take up armes again and the Bishop of Lusson was one of the prime Instruments to re-compose the busines which was done at last very effectually The merit of these high services got him a Red Hat and the dignity of Cardinal though some difficulties and many delayes interven'd before the finall dispatch came from Rome Then was he chosen Provisor of the ancient Colledge of Sorbon where he procur'd of the King that a new Chair of Controversie should be erected He also repair'd and much beautified that Colledge Then upon the instance and by the advice of the Queen Mother he was elected Prime Minister of State and Director in chief under the King of all matters concerning the public Government of the Kingdome so he came to be call'd the Argos of France The first great action that was performed by his guidance when he was clim'd to this Plenipotentiary power was the Mariage with England the Marquis of Vieu ville had been employ'd in this great busines but the Cardinal got some of the Capitulations better'd and more to the advantage of France alledging that it was not fit his Master being the Eldest Son of the Church should have conditions inferiour to those of Spain With this Match with England there was an alliance also made about the same time with Holland for a summe of Money These were the two first Coups d' estat stroaks of State that he made and it was done with this forecast that France might be the better enabled to suppres them of the Religion which the Cardinal found to be the greatest weaknes of that Kingdom Some of them being Pensioners to other Princes to embroyle France upon all occasions He found then that the House of Austria had got some advantage and encrease of power by certain holds it had seiz'd upon in the Valtolin He adviseth his King to ligue with the Venetian and the Savoyard which he did and so spoil'd the design of the Spaniard that way The King being told that upon the beheading of the Count of Chalais and the imprisonment of the Marquis of Ornano about Monsieurs Mariage his Cardinal had thereby got divers enemies he appointed him a band
Power of vertue in the Proem The Pope refuseth to excommunicat the new King of Portugall 133 Perpignan taken by the French 134 Pope Julius the second 's answer to justifie Churchmens taking up armes in the Proem Profane hyperbole's written of the Cardinal in the Proem Prophetic complement 'twixt Barberino the Pope's Nuncio and the Quene Mother 8 Presents given to the D. of Mayn in Spain being Ambassador 14 Predictions of Henry the Great 's death 4 Predictions of the Duke of Savoyes death 94 Princes daughters subject to a hard fate oft-times 32 The presence of Kings advantagious 20 Popes Generalls 8 Propositions in the Generall Assembly 41 Q Queen Mother of France dieth at Colen 133 A new Queen Regent of France 135 Queen of England receives English prisoners as presents from France 84 R Ravaillaks odd humors 4 Examined 7 His confession death and admired patience 8 Reasons why France broak with Spain in the Proem Reason of the Queen Mothers discontentment ibid. Reason of slownes of speech in Lewes the thirteenth 2 Of the Reformists of France 6 Richer the Syndic of Sorbon opposeth the Popes power 12 The Reformists get advantagious conditions at the Treaty of Lodun 33 A Repartie 'twixt the Spanish and French Ambassadors at Rome upon the Dauphins birth 1 The Reformists outrag'd and some kill'd coming from Charenton 57 The Reformists generally rise up 59 The Reformists generally submit 91 The Rochelers high comportmēt 52 Rochell pitifully complains to the King 69 Rochell besieged by the King in Person 85 Rochell submits her extremities 86 The Duke of Rohan hath privat intelligence with Spain his Agent taken and executed 69 He himself executed in Effigie in Tholouze 86 He was pensioner to the King of Spain and treats with him upon articles 87 His notable speeche to them of the Religion for peace 89 He is wounded before Rhinfeld whereof he dies and is buried at Geneva 118 Certain Rodomontados of the Spaniards 115 Stupendous Rain in Languedoc 105 S Santarellus Book burnt in Paris for hoising the Pope above the King 74 Count of Soissons kill'd neer Sedan 133 Difference 'twixt him and the Cardinal ibid. M. Soubize summond at Saint John d'Angely taken prisoner and releas'd 53 Puts himself in armes again and flies from Royan 59 He takes Blaret Ré and Oleron and hath 70. Sayles of Ships 67 Is beaten at Medoc 67 Flies to England and incites that King to war against France 68 Soubize pensioner to the King of Spain 88 The Spaniards bold speech to the Pope about the Valtoline 70 The Duke of Suillie's blunt answer to Hen. the Fourth about Religion 57 Stuard and Hurtevant executed 38 T Title of the Prince of Wales more ancient then Dauphin 2 The Treaty of Saint Menehou 19 Treaty of Querasque 97 Treaty of Lodun dishonorable to the King 33 Treaty of Monson 71 Trade interdicted 'twixt England and France 76 Tillemont and Diest taken by the French and Hollanders 111 A Trophey erected upon the Alps in honour of King Lewis 87 Pr Tomaso defeated at Avein by Chastillon 111 Prince Tomaso relieves Saint Omer 123 M. de Thermes with divers persons of quality kill'd before Clayrac 56 Trent Counsel refus'd to be publish'd in France and the reasons why 24 V The D. of Vendom apprehended in the Louure got away by a wile 18 His Letters refus'd to be answer'd by the Queen Regent 19 He refuseth to deliver up Blavet 20 Leavies men for the King and then turns them against him 29 D. de la Valette's brave speech before Fontarabia he flies to England is executed in Effigie in Paris 122 W Wars of Iuillers 10 War against the Reformists 51 War in the Valtolin 70 The last War against the Reformists 88 Wallesteins death much lamented by Richelieu A Armand Cardinal of Richelieu his breeding 155 His genealogy 166 His degree of rising 167 He crosseth the Alps in quality of Generalissimo 168 Divers attempts to kill him 169 His death 169 His testament 160 His titles ibid. His Character ibid. Censures upon him 166 Epitaphs good and bad upon him 178 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Junii 3. 1646. Imprimatur NA BRENT fourth Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1610. Anno 1611. Anno 1611. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1612. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1613. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1614. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1615. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1616. Anno 1617. Anno 1617. Anno 1617. Anno 1618. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1619. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1620. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1621. Anno 1622. Anno 1623. Anno 1624. Anno 1624. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1625. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. Anno 1626. 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the aire That the House where he was borne in Angoulesme should be raz'd to the ground and that none presume to build upon that piece of earth That within fifteene daies after the publication of this sentence his father and mother should quit the kingdome and never return that his brothers sisters uncles and others should never afterwards beare the name of Ravaillac under paine of being hang'd and strangled This dismall sentence was executed to the very height of torture and extended to the utmost length of time affection of sense and possibilitie of nature for there were waies invented to keepe him from syncops and fits of swounding Before at the beginning and in the midst of all his torments there could be no other confession extorted out of him though he was sifted with all the sagacitie that could be but that the motives which impell'd him to such a desperate attempt were certaine revelations that he saied he had had which he afterwards call'd tentations And that he thought he should do a work acceptable to God to take away a King that was a Favourer of Heretiques who went about by the armie he had then afoote to perturbe the peace of the Catholike church and make warre against the Pope The people in generall did love the deceased King so passionately that nothing but imprecations and curses could be heard ecchoing from them so that none did pray with him when he was upon the scaffold for the salvation of his soule and for his body when it was torne by the horses happie was he that could get any piece of it so that he was burnt in more then twenty places up and downe the Citie in severall fires so Nemesis had her glut Ravaillac being thus extinguish'd and as it were annihilated the next care of the Queene was to give rites of buriall adaequate to so glorious a King His heart the Iesuites had for he had promis'd them to be depositaries and guardiens of it in his life time notwithstanding that one of their Societie had once attempted to murther him so in extraordinarie pomp his heart was carried to la Flecle and his bodie to Saint Denis And Henry the third who had layn all the while at Compeigne was sent for to beare him companie so that as they had the like destinie in their death so they came to take their last lodgings the same time in Saint Denis whither they say no French King went with his good will The latter of the two whom we will call hereafter Henry the great that title being entayl'd upon him by the universall suffrage of all was condol'd with farre more regret then the former and divers to this houre weare a constant anniversarie mourning for him that day he was kill'd Amongst others her Majestie of great Britain continueth it who was then a cradle-infant and Barberino at that time Nuncio in France and after created Pope by the name of Vrban the eighth comming to congratulate her birth and finding that the Queen mother had bin better pleas'd if she had borne a male He told her Madame I hope to see this though your youngest daughter a great Queene before I die the Queene answer'd And I hope to see you Pope both which prophetick complements prov'd true and within a short time one of another A litle after Ravaillac was burn'd also the great Spanish Jesuit Mariana I mean his Book de Rege Regis institutione wherin he holds that a Tyrant or Hereticall Prince may be made away by violent meanes Moreover by the same arrest of Parliament the Colledg of Sorbon was commanded to publish their ancient Decree passed by one hundred fortie one Doctors of the sacred Faculty of Theology in the yeer 1413. which was confirm'd two yeers after by the famous Counsell of Constance viz That it is not lawfull to any for what cause whatsoever to attempt any thing upon the sacred persons of Kings and Soverain Princes Which doctrin and solemn Decree was then published to quell and confound that execrable position which was than dogmatiz'd and broach'd up and down viz That a Tyrant whosoever he be may and ought to be lawfully and meritoriously kill'd by his own vassall or subject whosoever he be and by that any means whatsoever principally by secret ambushes treasons flatteries or other such wayes notwithstanding any faith or oth whereby the subject is oblig'd to such a Tyrant c. Which tenet being then pronounced pernicious and hereticall impious and diabolical by the said Colledg and Counsell was now also by 150 choice Theoloques of the said Family adjudg'd to be an error against the holy Catholic faith and the fundamentalls of morality opening a gap to rebellion and atheisme to a violation of all bonds of humane obedience and government and tended to bring confusion and a Hell upon Earth The Iesuits were murmur'd at as Fautors of the foresaid opinion of Mariana whereupon Cotton then Preacher to the King publish'd a declaratory letter to vindicat their Society and shew their conformity of Doctrin to the foresaid Decree of the Counsell of Constance in which letter he protested in the name of the rest that that opinion of Mariana was a particular fancy of his own and so to be restrain'd to his person only That it is so disapprov'd and exploded by their Society that some of them have compil'd and expos'd to the open world sundry Treatises in confutation of it and condem'd it in two Provinciall Congregations held in Paris and Lion in the yeer 1606. where their Reverend General Claudius Aquariva was present and there the Soverain puissance and authority of Kings was acknowledg'd and in temporal matters to hold soly of God himself The substance of Father Cottons declatory Letter tended all to this effect though it gave not so full a satisfaction to all men This was that Cotton who was so much favor'd by Henry the Great which gave him occasion to Answer certain Deputies of Rochel upon a petition they once presented unto him That he could not hear them then for his eares were stopp'd with Cotton whereupon was made this Epigram of Him Quand le Roy fait ses pas Pere Cotton l'accompagne Mais le bon Prince ne scait pas Que le fin Cotton vient d'Espagne Thus English'd When the King abroad doth walk Father Cotton finds him talk But the good Prince doth not attain That the fine Cotton com's from Spain The formidable Army which Henry the great had rais'd was now disbanded by command and only 12000. kept still a foot in Champagny which were reserv'd to assist the German Princes who were then in motion of armes upon this occasion William Duke of Iuillers and Cleves being dead without Heir male the right of succession was debated by other Princes his allies but the Emperour alledging that the Duchy of Iuillers was a fief moving of the Empire invested Leopold his Cousin german in the possession of it who
and said that this controversie being not of Faith it might be lawfull for them tother side the Alps to hold it affirmative and for those of this side negative but to condemn one another positively thereupon was to bring a schisme into the Church Great was the confusion and clashings that grew out of this Till Morelles a Spaniard who sate in the chaire stood up and protested that this position was propounded only as problematicall without dessein to determin any thing thereupon Another enlarg'd himself further saying that they tother side the Hils have their reasons for the affirmative part and others for the negative The French acknowledg sufficiently the hierarchy of the Church and in consequence of that they receive the Decrees and Ordinances of the Vicar of Christ in every thing that concerns spirituall matters points of Faith and policy Ecclesiastic They make their addresses to him for dispensations to hold incompatible benefices to be promoted to Prelacy or other dignities being not of age for degrees of kinred and affinitie in mariages They hold with all Antiquity that it belongs to the Pope to indict oecumenical and universal Counsels to approve ratifie and authorize their Decrees and in this sense the Pope may be said to be above the Counsell But if the Pope should under pretext of spiritual jurisdiction attempt to enervat and lessen the temporal power of Kings which they hold immediatly and foly from the great God it is then lawfull for them to appeal to a generall Counsell And in this sense the Counsell may be said to be above the Pope Richer the Syndic of Sorbon was hottest of any that assisted in this dispute for the negative part and writ a book entitled de Ecclesiastica et Politica Potestate which was condemn'd by the solemn censure of Cardinal Perron and sundry other great Prelats who held a Congregation purposely about it but with this modification provided that the rights of the King and Crown of France with the immunities and enfranchisements of the Gallican Church be not prejudic'd But they condemn'd the Syndiks Book because he went about to turn the Hierarchy of the Church which is a Monarchy into an Aristocracy Richer was thrust out of his Sindicship for the said book though directly against the Statuts of the Colledg of Sorbon whereof one is that no Syndic be dispossess'd of that place but with his own free will And thinking to plead this the Counsell of State overrul'd the case and a Mandamus came in the Kings name to proceed in the Election of a New Syndic There issued also out a Declaration wherin the King sharply reprehends the congregating of the said Bishops without his royal Commission and for passing a generall extravagant and incertain censure of the said Book wherein they seem'd to rebuke and approve confirm and condemn the tenets thereof whereof most were Orthodoxal which tended to puzzle the brains of men and form scrupulous imaginations in their intellectuals whence might ensue dangerous consequences Thus those high contentions were hush'd which were like to have usher'd a shrewd schisme into the Gallic Church had not Moderation guided the helm Moderation that sage sober Matron the inseparable attendant of true Sapience and Policy and happy are those Counsels those Soverain Courts and Parliaments where she sits in the chaire This yeer 1612. was remarkable for the interchangeable Alliance that was made twixt France and Spain the French King being affianced to the Infanta Anne of Austria and the Prince of Spain now Philip the fourth to the Eldest daughter of France Madame Elizabeth of Bourbon The great Duke of Mayn great in constitution as in qualitie being one of the goodliest personages of Europe was employed Ambassador to Spain He made his entrance to Madrid with 245. sumpter Mules 50. houshold Officers came after two by two and 52. Pages with a querry before them and their Governor behind Then followed the Duke himself accompanied with the Prince of Tingry 7. Earls 4. Marquises 17. Lords and above 200. Gentlemen He was brought in by 500. Spanish Ginetts At his lodging he had ten Coches every day attending besides his own three The busines it seems was wrought to his hand before his coming for he met with no difficulties at all The contract of the mariage was in Spanish and French but the French was first sign'd though the other first read The dotal portion was but 600000. crowns on either side which was payed and no purse open'd being a crosse mariage the summe of the dowry was so moderat because there might peradventure happen an occasion of restitution But the wonder was not so much at the smalnes of the dowry as of the joynture of both Princesses which was but 20000. crowns yeerly rent Much praecaution was us'd by the Spaniard that to correspond with their Salic law in France the Infanta should renounce all right of succession to the Crown and dominions of Spain known or unknown The Duke of Mayn was much honor'd for the time and once the King took him out of purpose to ride by his side through the town under pain of indispensable death none was to draw sword against any Frenchman while he was there The Duke was presented with a chain and Hatband valued at 15000. crownes with four Ginetts And hoping it might prove a good omen for the prosperitie of the match the Feast of Saint Lewis was commanded to be celebrated with as much solemnitie and held as holy as any other Saints day in the whole Calender The Duke of Pastrana came that summer to Paris in another such splendid Equippage and concluded the counterpart of the match Sundry sorts of triumphs pass'd in Paris upon these reciprocall Contracts but the two Princes of the bloud would take no share in those public solemnities but retir'd from Court in disgust Causing some Confidents of theirs to blaze abroad the grounds of their grievances which were That the Queen Regent did not communicat unto them the most important affaires of State That she had concluded the foresaid mariages without their advice That they were untimely and praecipitat considering the age of the Princes That the Queen steer'd the great vessell of the State by a forren compasse That the masse of treasure left by the last King was exhausted with such like But a way was found to comply with them for that time so they both return'd to Court where Soissons died a little after But there was a more dangerous consequence then this like to ensue for the said match and so much intimacy with Spain bred ill bloud amongst them of the Religion and fill'd them with ombrages of fear it might turn to their prejudice and danger one day in so much that a disposition of rising was discover'd in them generally which was aggravated by an ill-favour'd accident that happen'd in the Town of Nismes in Languedoc where one of their prime Preachers Ferrir being turn'd Roman
Catholic the rabble of the town sack'd his house burnt his books grub'd up his vineyards and plunder'd all he had The King being offended hereat remov'd the Presidial Court and Seneshalship thence to Beaucaire One Morgard an Astrologer publish'd some Praedictions of his in Print grounded upon the crosse conjunction of some malignant planets wherein he positively foretold very great commotions that were ready to arise in France and the fall of some great men But by Decree of Parliament he was condemn'd to the gallies where in lieu of handling his Astrolab he was put to tug at an oare This the poor Star-gazer could not foresee though his other praedictions prov'd all true Now touching Sydereal observations and praedictions of Astrology though they be at best but conjecturall yet are they not altogether to be contemn'd albeit that scarce one in a hundred hit there is a multitude of no mean examples that may be produc'd one was pointed at in the Proem of this peece And divers know how the yeers of the late Erl of Pembrook were precisely limited by a Genethliacall calcule We read that Otho the Emperour commanded all Astrologers to quit his dominions by such a day The Astrologers sent him word that since he had assign'd them a day to go out of the Empire they would assign him another to go out of the world for by such a day he should be no more among mortals which prov'd true This was contrary to a passage of Edward the Confessor King of England who when an Astrologer came and told him that he had taken great pains to pry into the horoscope of his nativitie and found that his Majesty should dy in such a moneth The King answer'd I can go neerer to work then so for I can foretell thee the very hour of thy death which will be to morrow at two a clock in the afternoon precisely so that thou canst not avoyd it So he commanded him to be tryed and executed accordingly But although it be presumption in man to determin any thing peremptorily out of their observance of the motions of Celestiall bodies yet it must be granted that the said bodies by their perpetuall influxes having dominion over every thing that is natural in man as the body the masse of bloud the organs and sensual appetit they may dispose his humors and inclinations to peace or war to obedience or insurrection to love or hatred accordingly For if Comets as we find by wofull experience which are of a far baser and more grosse extraction being meer meteorologicall stuff are thought to have a virtual power to make impressions upon the air and to leave infectious qualities behind them in the regions thereof which use to work upon human bodies in contagions and upon their humors to suscitat the minds of men to tumults and war much more may the Stars claym such a power Nevertheles although Astra regunt homines although it be allow'd that the Stars praedominat over every thing that is corporeal in man it follows not that this dominion extends to his intellectuals and to those actions which depend upon the absolut Empire of the will and other faculties of the soul which are purely spiritual but though this should be partly granted yet if we consider the union that is twixt the soul and the senses being inmates of one house which is such that she cannot produce any act if they do not contribut and present the object which is the intelligible species it may well be inferr'd that the faculties of the soul operat by the ministery of the senses and sensual appetit and the sensual appetit by influxes from heavenly bodies which may be said to have power to incite though not to force the will and affections of men to commotions and war and according to their various conjunctions and oppositions their anglings and culminations to cause good or bad effects which may prove inauspicious or successefull as some Astrologers observ'd when his Majesty of great Britain then Prince of Wales went to Spain to fetch a wife there was then a conjunction twixt Iupiter and Saturn which is always held malevolent so that journey had no successe but whither am I thus transported by this speculation from my intended road But without consulting the stars it was easie for any one of a mean foresight to be a prophet of some sudden commotions to arise considering how matters then stood in France for the Marshal of Ancre an Italian had then the vogue having engrossed to himself by the favor of the Queen Regent the managing and transaction of all the greatest affairs of State A man not so despicable as the French Annalists make him for his grandfather was Secretarie of State to Cosmo de Medici and by birth breeding and courage was a gentleman besides his wife had suck'd of the same milke as the Queen Regent did for her mother had bin her Nurse But it seems D'Ancre had scrued up the strings of authoritie too high and so they came not only to jar but to crack at last There were printed this yeer two Latine Books which kept a great clatter all Christendome over one was writ by Schoppius calld Ecclesiasticus The other by Becanus calld Controversia Angliae de potestate Regis et Papae They both trenchd highly upon Regall power The first had base touches of scandall upon Henry the Great and his late Majesty of England In so much that by a solemn sentence of Parliament it was burnt in Paris so France was revengd on the Book and England had some revenge on the body of the Author For he being in Madrid and Sir Iohn Digby now Earl of Bristol being Ambassadour there Master George Digby his kinsman a generous hardy young Gentleman encountting the said Schoppius he gave him a faire large cut athwart the face and so stigmatiz'd him to the view of the world which visible mark he wore to his grave Touching the other Book of Becanus The Syndic of Sorbon petitiond the Queen Regent that it might receive the same doome and that the Sacred Faculty of Theology might be permitted to put forth some public instrument to condemn the Doctrin thereof The Queen advis'd them not to determin any thing thereon as yet nor to make such noise or take so much notice thereof But they press'd further alledging it wold be a shrew brand to the Sacred Faculty to pass over so slightly such a scandalous Book that derogated so much from the authority of Kings and particularly of the most Christian with silence For posteritie will interpret this silence to be a consent to the tenets thereof But they were still put off and in the interim there came news from Rome that a Decree was published by the Pope wherein the said Book was condemn'd and adjudg'd to contain many false rash scandalous and seditious things respectively and therefore to be no more printed or publishd but to be put in the second Classes
of Indexes untill it be corrected and the correction approv'd according to the rules of the Index In the said Decree the word respectively some imagined to be inserted of purpose as an evasion to shew that the Jesuits do not absolutely condemn the doctrin of Becanus but only as it invades the Prerogatives of the French Crown They of the Religion as I told you before suspected some ill consequences of the crosse Match with Spain and feared it would prove crosse to them in time Moreover the Princes of the bloud and others repin'd at the power of D' Ancre whereupon the Duke of Bovillon prime Marshall of France and prime Machinator of this tumult came to visite the Prince of Conde and made a solemn studied speech unto him as followeth My Lord it would be impudence in me to represent unto you the deplorable estate of France whereof you have more knowledge then I or to touch the arrogance of Conchiny which you must needs daily resent or to make his power suspected which is the next dore to tyranny or to exhort you to oppose his pernicious desseins The consideration of your own safety with that of France is enough to rouze up your generous thoughts and to administer Counsell to you who are the most judicious Prince of Europe Moreover in such a manifest and urgent affair as this ther 's no need of Remonstrance consultation or exhortation but to apply some sudden and actuall remedy Therefore I addresse my self now to your Excellence not onely to offer you my means but my person as also 100000. men who would esteem themselves happy to serve you and will hold it a glory to employ their bloud to the last drop under your conduct for the good of the State and your just defence against this Faquin Florentin this Florentine porter who plots the ruin of all those Princes and Peers of the Kingdom who would oreshadow his advancement and hinder to establish his tyranny The difference of Religion which we professe ought not to empeach a strong and solid union between us in the conjuncture of so common a danger considering that while we endeavour our own safety we secure the State generall and incolumity of our Countrey which are conditions inseparable from the Kings service whose Sacred Person is not safe enough under the irregular ambition of a stranger which his Majesty himself begins now to perceive and seeing his liberty engag'd fears the ambition of this tyrant and will find himself oblig'd to those that can rid him of him My Lord you are well assur'd that the greatest part of the Princes finding themselfs involv'd in the same interest with you are touch'd with the same resentments and dispos'd to joyn with your Excellence in a project as glorious as necessary For doubtles the Gentry of France in whom consist the sinews of our armies being naturally averse to the commandements of a stranger will run unto you from all parts to assist you with their armes Touching the Towns you need not doubt but a good part of them which are under the Government of the Princes will declare themselfs for you And I give you certain assurance that They of the Religion which are the strongest and best provided with soldiers artillery ammunition and victualls of any other will declare themselfs for your party as soon as you shall publish your laudable intentions by some Manifesto It concerns your Excellence therefore my Lord to take hold of Time by the foretop for the restauration and safetie of the State in generall and your own in particular and of all the Princes and Gentry of the Kingdom But if you let Occasion escape you know that she is bald behind and you shall never be able to catch her again Besides the Armies which you might justly raise now during the Kings minority and by reason the government is usurped by an Alien who hath not so much as the quality of a Gentleman wold be hereafter felony and treason under the majority and liberty of our lawfull Monark The Prince was a subject fit to be wrought upon and ready to receive any print for he could not brook the exorbitant power of D' Ancre therefore having assurance that the Dukes of Nevers Main Longueville Luxemburg and the said Bovillon would follow him he retires to Mezieres upon the frontire of Champany he made choice of that place because it was his Patrimony and that he might have a sure Rendevous of Sedan if need required The Duke of Vendosme thinking to retire to Britany was arrested in the Louure but he got loose by a trick and the Chevalier his brother was sent to Malta The foresaid male-contented Princes recruted dayly in Champany But had the young King got a horsback and pursued them presently though with a petty Army the Countrey wold have riss with him and so he had prevented their encrease and driven them in all probabilitie to Sedan where he might have kept them in exile with a small Army on the frontires And his Counsell was much tax'd for not advising him so But in lieu of arms he sent Ambassadors and Epistles after them to perswade their return or if they refused to amuse them till he might raise forces sufficient to encounter them to which end he sent to Swisserland for 6000. men but Bovillon by his artifice hinder'd that design from taking its full effect Thus a fearfull storme was like to fall on France for the male-contents dispers'd themselfs to divers strong holds Longuevill went to Picardy Main to Soissons Bovillon to Sedan and Vendosme was as busie as any other to raise the Countrey in Britain Conde continued still at Mezieres nor could any Letter from King or Queen Regent sent by the Duke of Ventadour reduce him He writ to the Queen That the ill government which he imputed not to Her but to ill Counsellors were the cause of his retirement who because they might have the sole direction of things hindred the convocation of the States generall which were used to assemble always in the Kings minority he complain'd that the mariages with Spain were precipitated that the authority of the Parliament was diminished the Church-men trampled upon the Nobles undervalued the people laden with gabells and tallies divisions sowed in Sorbon and the University with divers other soloecismes in the present Government In his conclusion he insists much upon the convocation of the States generall of the Kingdom sure free a suspension of the mariage with Spain and so concluds with much complement These were specious pretences but they were as so many imaginary lines drawing to one reall Center which was the Marq of Ancre who indeed was the sole grievance and not He neither but his power and privacy with the Queen Regent which they thought to demolish by Arms. The Queen Regent in her answer to Conde reprocheth him that he had not imparted these things privatly to her to whom he had perpetual
acces that notwithstanding he seems to cast the fault upon certain Counsellors yet all bounds upon her by reflection she declares that long before the reception of his Letter she had resolv'd and to that end there were public dispatches abroad to summon the Convocation of the States Generall she takes exception that he should call them Estats seurs libres States sure and free which made her conceive a violent jealousie of some artifice on his side to sow seeds of difficulties in the said great Assembly she alledgeth that from the beginning she imparted both to him and the Co of Soissons the mariage with Spain that they approved of them and subscribed the Articles That the late King declared his inclination unto it when Don Pedro de Toledo pass'd through France And so she concluds with exhortation that he wold appear in the Assembly of the three Estates and bring with him all his Confederats to contribut the great zeal they professe to the common good of the Kingdom The Queens Letter was large and in it there was a curious mixture of meekness and Majestie The Duke of Vendosme sent her also two Letters but he could get no answer to either Thus a fearfull black clowd hung over poor France which the Queen Mother essayed by all means possible to dissipat before it shold break out into a tempest of intestine War therefore the King and she descended to send again the Duc of Vantadour accompanied with the Presidents of Thou and Ieanin with others to draw Conde to a treaty of accord which at last was agreed upon and the prime Capitulations were these 1. That the States Generall shold assemble in the Town of Sens within such a time wherin the Deputies of the three Orders may safely and freely make such Remonstrances and Propositions that they shall hold in their consciences to be profitable for the common good for the redresse of disorders and conservation of public tranquillity 2. His Majesty being willing to gratify the Prince of Conde hath upon his prayer and instance and upon assurance of his future affection and fidelity accorded to put into his hands the Castle of Amboise as a gage till the States Generall dissolve and 100. men for garrison in the said Castle 3. That 100. men shall be entertain'd in Mezieres 200. in Soissons whereof the Duc of Main is Governor till the States Generall have risen 4. That Letters shall be sent from his Majesty verified by the Court of Parliament wherin his Majesty shall declare unto the world that there was no ill intention against his service by the said Prince and his Associats therfore that they shold be never prejudic'd for the future in their estates or persons 5. That in consideration of the expences the said Prince might be at in this business his Majesty accords to give him 450000. Franks to dispose of as he shall think fit 6. That the eldest sonne of the Duke of Nevers shall succeed his father in the Government of Champany These with divers other Articles of this kind the King was induc'd I will not say inforc'd to condescend unto for preventing of greater evils and it was call'd the Treaty of Saint-Menehou And one would have thought that a gentle calme should have follow'd and that the meeting of the States General would have perpetuated it But behold two ill-favor'd accidents like two impetuous puffs put things again in disorder The one was that the Duke of Vendosin would not put Blavet into the hands of the Marquis of Caeuures according to the Kings command but stood still upon his gard in Britany The second was an affront which Conde alledg'd to have receiv'd from the Bishop of Poitiers who would not suffer him to enter the Town as he pass'd to his government of Dauphine and secur'd the Castle of Amboise being sought unto by the Governor the Duc of Roanez to establish his authoritie there The Bishop arm'd first and the town after his example Conde writes a Letter to the Queen Regent which did not please her well for he subscribes himself only her thrice-humble servant and neveu whereas he was us'd to write your thrice humble and thrice obedient servant and subject The Marquis of Bonnivet a creature of Condes had not yet dismissd all his troupes therefore under his authoritie he harasseth and plunders all the Countrey about Poitiers sacks the Bishops House and commits many sacrilegious and execrable outrages The young King hearing this gets presently a Horsback and sends the Duke of Main before to stop the ravages of Bonnivet so he followeth after and passing by Orleans Blois Tours and Chastel le heraud a cautionary town of them of the Religion who notwithstanding presented the Keys to his Majesty as he pass'd he came to Poitiers where he reconcil'd the Prince of Conde and the Bishop caus'd Bonnivet to disband his forces compos'd of Picaroons and vagabonds Thence he went to Nants where also he rang'd the Duke of Vandosme to obedience dismantled the Fort at Blavet and so having in a short compasse of time compos'd and quash'd all things he returns triumphantly to Paris where an Ambassadour was attending him from Zuric who desir'd to enter into an alliance with him as the rest of the Cantons had This was the first exploit that Lewis the thirteenth did in his own person which like the rising Sun dispell'd those frog vapors that hover'd in Poictou and Britany and it was held a good augury for the future The presence of a King is oft-times very advantageous for Rebellion durst never stare long in the face of Majesty which useth to lance out such penetrating refulgent rayes that dazzle the eyes of Traytors and put them at last quite out of countenance With this achievment we will conclude his Minority and his Mothers Regency And as this first expedition of his prov'd lucky so was his whole life attended with a series of good successes as if Fortune her self had rid with him all the while upon the same horse And now must we put a period to the first lustre of Lewis the thirteenths raign and with it to his minoritie or bassage We proceed to his second lustre wherewith his majoritie begins being arriv'd to the yeer fourteen The second Lustre of the Life of Lewis the 13th raigne and of his Majoritie ANd now our Story must mount up to his Majority and follow him to his full age wherein he entred at fourteen yeers and the broken number of the Lords yeer was coincident being sixteen hundred and fourteen But I have read an old Author who writes that without any consideration had of yeers the French Kings arrive to maturitie and are capable to sway the Scepter when they come to be as high as a sword let their age be what it will In the former Chapter we told you that by vertue of the Treatie of St. Menehou the Queen Regent had promis'd and was oblig'd to the Princes by
litte hopes of its resurrection while the Clergy and Nobles continue so potent who finding that the third Estate began to tamper with the Popes jurisdiction and Church matters have wrought means to hinder their meeting any time these 30. yeers and upwards This yeer died Queen Margaret the last Branch of the Valois being come of the loyns of thirteen successif Monarks of that line a Lady of a rare attracting exterior bewty she had a high harmonious soul much addicted to music and the sweets of love and oftentimes in a Platonic way She would have this Motto often in her mouth Voulez vous cesser d'aymer possedez la chose aymée Will you cease to love possesse the thing you love She had lodg'd Henry Duke of Guyse who was kill'd at Blois so far in her heart that being afterwards married against her will to Henry the fourth and divorc'd by mutuall consent she profess'd she could never affect him she had strains of humors and transcendencies beyond the vulgar and delighted to be call'd Venus Urania She would have Philosophers and Divines in her House and took pleasure to hear them dispute and clash one with the other she entertain'd fortie Priests English Scots and Irish she would often visit hospitals and did divers acts of charitie to satisfie for the lubricities of her youth There was an accident happen'd this yeer in Paris that made a mighty noise for the time Two of the Kings gards having fought and the one being kill'd the other fled into Sanctuary to the Abbey of St. Germain The Duke of Espernon fetch'd him thence by force Complaint being made to the King he put him over to the Court of Parliament to receive his doom for infringing the Priviledges of the Church and commanded him to deliver the Prisoner again to the Sanctuary or he would fetch him away himself The old Duke did so and coming to the Palace to appear before the Parliament a ruffling company of Souldiers and Cadets follow'd him who did some acts of insolency against the Lawyers by kicking them with their spurs in the Hall where none should come spurr'd this aggravated the busines but the Duke made a long submissive speech to the Parliament wherein he acknowledg'd his error concluding with an apology that they would excuse him if his discourse did not content their learned eares for having bin all his life time a Captain of foot he had learnt to do better then speak The prime President then rise up and said That since the King in imitation of his Progenitors intends to be more inclin'd to sweetnes and clemency then rigor The Court by his expresse command and in consideration of your long services beleeving the good rather then the bad doth graciously interpret the actions of an ancient Officer of the Crown and Peer of France and so receives your excuses hoping that this will occasion you and your children to render the King and the State such services as you are oblig'd to do and for the futur that you will contain your self within the bounds of that respect and honor which you owe to this Court There was mention made a little before how the Assembly of the States Generall was dissolv'd and that having deliver'd their Cayers of complaints to the King they were dismiss'd but with large parol promises only We related also how the Arrest made in the Parliament of Paris in Confirmation of the opinion of the Third Estate touching the independency of the Crown of France was commanded by the King to be suspended and that nothing should be determin'd therein This gather'd ill bloud which bred ill humors and so brake out into divers distempers afterwards as will appear For as in the naturall body if upon taking of Physic the superstuities be onely stirr'd and not purg'd it doth more hurt then good and makes the drug to remain in the stomach undigested So in civil Corporations if abuses be only moved and not remedied it makes the body Politic worse then it was The Parliament of Paris was sensible how the Arrest wherein they concurr'd with the Third Estate was slighted and countermanded therefore they publish'd an Order that under the good pleasure of the King all Princes Dukes Peers and Officers of the Crown which are capable of sitting and have deliberative votes in that Court should repair thither by such a time to consult of matters tending to his Majesties service c. When this Order pass'd the Prince of Condé was promis'd to be there but he was counter-commanded by the King nor did any of the rest appear yet the Parliament went on and fram'd a Remonstrance of abuses in Government which by their Deputies they sent to the King and being come to the Louure they danc'd attendance there a good while and afterwards they were brought up by a back odd way to the Kings presence where the Queen Mother was also present and divers Princes The prime President made an oylie complemental speech full of protestations of loyalty to his Majesty and afterwards delivered the Cayer of Remonstrances which was read aloud by one of the Secretaries of State wherein the Parliament instanced in divers grievances and that they resented nothing more but that in the face of the whole State the royal power was rendred and left problematical and doubtfull The young King was not well pleas'd with this Remonstrance and the Queen Mother much lesse Who told them that the King had just cause to be offended with the Parliament because against his command they had meddled with matters of State and that she was not so short sighted but that she could perceive how these things reflected upon her Regency which they had formerly highly approv'd of and the Assembly of States General had also thank'd her for Then the Chancelor took the word telling them that they had bin misinform'd in many things which they took upon trust and that they were much out of their account in that they alledg'd that the expences were greater and the receipts lesse under this King then his Father who reserv'd but eight thousand liures every yeer not two millions as they pretended So the prime President and the rest of the Parliaments delegats were dismiss'd with little or no countenance at all The Counsell of State spoak high language averring that the passing of the foresaid public Order to invite the Princes and Peers to meet in Parliament upon extraordinary occasions without his Majesties leave was an open and insupportable attempt upon his authoritie now that he is declar'd Major as also upon the authoritie of that Counsell therefore an Arrest issued out That the Parliaments Remonstrances were false calumnious and full of malice and disobedience and that therefore they should be drawn off the Register of the said Parliament and suppress'd for ever with an inhibition that the said Court should not meddle with matters of State but by the Kings command Before this Arrest was publish'd the
Parliament mainly endevour'd to give some contentment to their Majesties therefore they employ'd again the prime President with others To declare the great displeasure the Court had that their Remonstrance was not agreeable to their Majesties wils protesting that it was never the intention of the Court to touch upon their actions or the Queens Regency whom they acknowledg'd to have oblig'd all France by her wise conduct and care she had both of the Kings Person and the State that as they could not so they would never attempt any thing upon royal authority what they had don was to testifie the zeal which they owe and will shew eternally to their Majesties Persons That they most humbly desir'd them to remember that the very next day after the death of Henry the Great their Majesties were pleas'd to honor that Court with their presence desiring them to contribut their good Counsels for the conduct of the public affairs which oblig'd them to present the foresaid Remonstrances c. So they concluded with all possible submission and a desire that the said Arrest of his Counsel of State should not be publish'd This took away somthing of the inflamation for the time but it cur'd not the wound which began to fester more and more and so gangrend that the whole body politic was like to perish For what the Court of Parliament sought by supplication the Prince of Conde not long after sought by the sword who having divers of the greatest Princes and them of the Religion ligu'd with him brought their Petition upon the Pikes point Conde flew to that height that he proceeded not by way of Remonstrance but as if he had bin a Prince absolut by way of Manifesto He was then in Picardy whither the King had sent divers Letters by persons of good quality to invite him to come to Court and to accompany him in his voyage to Guyen to fetch the Infanta but all would not do for old Bovillon had infus'd other Counsels into his head and so he publish'd a Manifesto that the cause of his retirement from the Court was the insolent deportment of the Marshall of Ancre the dissipation of Henry the Greats treasure the introduction of strangers of Iewes Sorcerers and Magicians by the said Marshall and so he concluded King-like parlant en sire Wherefore we pray and warn all the the Princes Peers and Officers of the Crown and all such as call themselfs French to succour and assist us in so good an occasion And we require and adjure all forren Princes and strangers all the Allies and Confederats of this State to give us ayd and assistance c. These were the specious pretences that caus'd this Manifesto which divers forren Princes took in foul scorn that he should require them being but a vassal himself The truth is there was but one generall grievance and that was the Marshall of Ancre a Confident of the Queen Mothers whom she had brought with her from Italy his wife having bin her foster sister He had the greatest vogue at Court which being a stranger made him repin'd at The King and the Queen Mother were then resolv'd upon a journey to Burdeaux to receive the Infanta and to deliver the Daughter of France for the King of Spain Conde disswades the King from the voyage by Letters which were not well taken So while the one prepares for his journey the other arms for a war and gets on his party Longueville Bulloin and Mayn who had concluded the match with Spain yet refus'd to attend in the jour ney Thus a fearfull clowd hung over France yet nothing could deter the King from going to fetch his wife and the Queen Mother said That all the power of earth should not hinder him Besides he was straitned for money for so long and costly a voyage nor would the Chamber of Accounts verify in Letters to take any out of the Bastile whereupon the King went himself in Person accompagnied by the Queen his Mother his Chancelor Secretaries of State and others in whose presence the Coffers were open'd and two millions and a halfe of Liures which make 250000. pounds sterling were taken out and deliver'd to the Treasurer of the Privy Purse The King being to begin his journey the first thing he did was to secure Paris so he left Mounsier de Liencour Governour thereof and to authorise him the more he admitted him to the Court of Parliament by Letters Patents which the said Court did verifie notwithstanding the harsh answer they had had to their late Remonstrance at the Louure The Marshal of Ancre was sent to Amiens with a considerable Army And another Army was left under the command of the Marshal de Bois Daufin consisting of 16000. foot 1500. horse and 2000. Carrabins to make head against the Mutiners So the King and his Mother accompagnied with the Dukes of Guyse Elbaeuf and Espernon with a good number of Gentlemen with 1200. light horse his Guard of Suisses and others making in all 400. foot parted from Paris towards Bourdeaux and being come to Poictiers Madame his sister which was to be sent to Spain fell sick of the small Pox which detaind the Court there five weeks and so much retarded the journey In the intrim the Princes forces encrease and prosper exceedingly having had the best in three rencounters Old Bovillon had got 600. Reiters from the Marquis of Brandenburg who joyn'd with them they got over the Loire maugre the Royall Army under Bois Dauphin The Duke of Vandom was then with the King and he gave him Commission extraordinary to make levies of horse and foot and having by virtu thereof rais'd an Army of 10000. Combatants he declar'd himself afterward for the Princes and employ'd them against the King He who did thrive best amongst the Royalists was the Marshal of Ancre who in the interim had taken Corbes and Clermont The King caus'd a Declaration to be publish'd wherein Conde and all his Adhaerents were Proclaim'd Traytors and sent it to Paris to be verified by the Parliament which was never more puzzled in any busines those that were averse to the Match with Spain and favour'd the Mutineers endevour'd to elude the Registring of the royal Declaration alledging that the Princes of the bloud being the prime Peers could not be censur'd there without their Peers and that the presence of the King himself was requisit without which his bloud could not be judg'd After tough altercations the voices of the Court were reduc'd to two Opinions one was of 73. voices who order'd that the Declaration should be registred but the Person of the Prince excepted for a moneth during which time he should be warn'd to submit himself to his Majesty and all others should lay down their arms The other Opinion was caried by 78. voices which was that the Court order'd that the reasons for which they could not and ought not to proceed to verifie the said Declaration should be
of the late wars The French Chroniclers relate that his chiefest arrand was to propound a Match between the Prince of Wales now King of England and the Lady Christina second daughter to Henry the Great but they are much mistaken for the said Ambassador might happily have instructions to look upon and view the said Lady but for any overture of mariage much lesse any proposition there was none the intents of England ayming then more southward and there was matter enough for an Ambassador extraordinary besides at that time The King the two Queens and the whole Court being now settled at Paris the discontented Princes repair'd also thither but Conde being newly recovered of a dangerous sicknes which some took as a judgement upon him lagg'd behind and excus'd his coming till all the Articles of the late Treaty were perform'd whereunto the King may be said to be no lesse then compell'd being among other ties forc'd to revoke part of the solemn Oth he took at his Coronation that therby they of the Religion might rest contented At last Conde came and was entred into a perfect redintegration of grace and favor at Court with the rest of his Confederats So after such turbid times there was an intervall of faire weather but the Ayer was suddenly ore ' cast again with clowds and the chief Meteor whence they sprung was the power and privacy of the Marshall of Ancre at Court The Queen Mother had advice of certain clandestine meetings and secret consultations held to alter the Government and to demolish Ancre hereupon Themines who receiv'd the Truncheon to be Marshall the same day apprehended the Prince of Conde in the Louure and carried him thence to prison the report hereof startled divers others and old Bovillon being then at a Sermon in Charenton durst not come back to look upon the Bastile so he with the Dukes of Mayn Nevers Guyse and divers other retir'd and arm'd under pretence of reforming of abuses in the State and for the public good Poore France how often hath privat interest of some aspiring spirits bin term'd in thee by the specious name of Public good How often have thy discontented Grandees ground the faces of thy innocent peasants How often hast thou turn'd the sword into thine own bowels and swomm in the blood of thine own children How often have thy Towns bin turn'd to Hospitals thy fields to desarts under the gilded pretext of Reformation The arrest of Conde alarm'd all France and a politic rumour was spread in Paris that the Marshall of Ancre had murther'd him in the Louure though he was then at Amiens 100. miles off This made the Beast with many heads run furiously to his House in the suburbs of Saint German which they sack'd and plunder'd most pitifully they unplank'd his roomes grub'd up his trees and committed divers barbarismes besides The King caus'd a Declaration to be publish'd full of vigorous expressions tending to this purpose Lewis by the grace of God King of France and Navarr to all who shall see these present Letters greeting It is with incredible regret which pierceth Our very heart that We must so often employ Our Authority to represse the mischievous desseins of them who seek the raising of their fortunes in the ruines of Our Estates and in the prodigious cruelty of civill wars take an unbridled libertie to doe what law and reason forbids And We are the more sensible hereof because the remedies We must use for the safety of our Person and the welfare of this Kingdom must diffame our own blood and render it culpable of impiety both against Us who are in place of a Father to our subjects as also against their own Countrey which is reverenc'd as a Mother by all people though never so barbarous So he goes on to relate the Treaty at Lodun and the last Pacification which had cost him twenty millions of Liures and what grace he had done to Conde and his Complices Yet the exces of Our grace and favor hath not bin able to represse the disordinat wills of them who find no rest but in trouble and ground their hopes upon Our destruction for before and after the return of Our Cousin the Prince of Conde to Paris there have bin Nocturnall Assemblies held in Saint Martin and other places with consultations to debauch and abuse the people and undermine those who have Martiall Offices under us and to excite them to commotion Curats and Preachers have bin tampered withall to vent scandalous Doctrin and meanes were consulted on to seize upon Our Royall Person and our most honored Mother and to Cantonize France under the specious vayle of reforming the State All which hath bin told us by some of the best of Our subjects who were present at some of their consultations and close meetings And We were also advis'd by forren Ambassadors to have a care of our self c. This was the substance of the Kings Declaration but all would not do to contain the Princes within the bounds of obedience many of them had retir'd to Picardy and seiz'd upon divers places which they fortified apace A little after the Prince of Conde was clap'd up the Duke of Vendosm was seiz'd on but he scap'd by a wile The Chancelor and Secretaries of State with other Officers were chang'd And in this hurly burly the young Bishop of Lucon afterwards Cardinal of Richelieu having bin design'd for Ambassador to Spain was made principall Secretary of State The Marshal of Ancre notwithstanding that he had understood how he was hated in Paris and that his House was so plunder'd in a popular furie yet was he nothing daunted but comes boldly to Court and presently three Armies were rais'd and appointed to represse the Mutiners One under the Duke of Guyse who was charm'd to come in by the Queen Mother The second under Marshall Montigny and the third under the Count of Auvergne who was freed from his 11. yeers close imprisonment in the Bastile for that purpose and had already besieg'd the Duke of Mayne at Soissons and much straitned him While this huge storme was dropping pitifully upon poor France there were secret consultations held by some in the Louure how to hurle Him into the Sea who was the cause of the tempest which was cryed up to be the foresaid Ancre He knew too well how he was malign'd in Court and Countrey and the young Kings affection towards him began now to brandle and all this was by the suggestions of Luynes who was one of the greatest Confidentst the King had having bin his servant from his childhood and was vers'd in his genius more then any Ancre had practis'd to remove him from the Kings Person with some others whom he suspected to do him ill offices Besides this fewd 'twixt the King and Princes there was another petty war then a foot betwixt the Duke of Espernon and the Rochellers the ground whereof was that they would not
she came he still mistrusted if she return'd to Court she would project some way of revenge c. The King came the next day in Coach with the young Queen his two Sisters and the two Princes of Savoy to the House where the Queen was and there was a compleat glorious Court the mutual demonstrations and postures of tendernes which Mother and Son shew'd at their first enterview melted the hearts of all the Spectators A few daies after all parted the King and his Queen towards Paris the Queen Mother to Anger 's and the Princes of Piemont put themselfs in their journey to crosse the Alps. A little after the Prince of Condé was enlarg'd and the King sent him this Letter by his Favorit My Cosen I will not tell you how much I love you you see it I send my Cosen the Duke of Luynes unto you who knows all the secrets of my heart and will open them unto you Come away as soon as you can for I expect you with impatience in the interim I will pray God to preserve you in his holy grace Lovis Luynes having taken his oath as Duke and Peer of France in the Court of Parliament he moved the King to perfect the number of the Cavaliers of his Order the Order of the Holy Ghost who being an hundred by the primitive institution were now diminished to twenty eight so there were divers more created to the number of fifty nine whereof Luynes two brothers Cadenet and Brande were two Luynes plot was to ingratiat himself hereby into the Nobility but it prov'd otherwise for the Competitors that were excluded grew to be more bitterly his foes then they who were instal'd Knights became his friends Much murmuring also was at his two brothers this Order being the next degree to bring one to be Duke and Peer of France As the Ceremonies of these new Knights were a performing the two Princes of the bloud Condé and Soissons being at Court as the King was ready to sit down at diner the Steward of the Houshold deliver'd the towell to Soissons to give the King Condé perceiving it would have had it from him but he would not part with it so they fell to high words one saying it was his right as he was prime Prince of the bloud the other as he was gran Master of France as they were debating the point in hot termes the King sent for his brother to whom the Count of Soissons deliver'd it so with much ado the King made them both friends upon the place and the next day many hundreds of Gentlemen appearing on horseback and offring their service on both sides there came out a strict Order from the King there should be no more stirring in the businesse It fortun'd about this time that the young Queen fell sick and there were extraordinary Offices of devotion performed for her recovery and a generall Procession Ordred where the whole Court of Parliament assisted in their red robes The Queen being recover'd she employed the fifteen thousand Crowns which the King had given her for a ball to works of Piety and Charity The Kings Exchequer was at a very low ebbe at this time whereupon there came out an Edict call'd the Bursall Edict which tended to raise money and the King mistrusting the verification of it by the Court of Parliament went thither himself in great state where the Lord Keeper made a speech a bout it The Prime President answer'd him boldly That the Court receiv'd violence to verifie such Edicts without any precedent deliberation that being well assur'd of the goodnes and justice of his Majesty the Court imputed this disorder to ill counsell and therefore desired the names of them who gave him this damnable counsell should be given up and registred in Parliament to be proceeded against accordingly Servin the Kings Advocat was more hardy saying That his Majesty did wrong himself to come to Parliament to authorise by his presence that which could not be done with reason and justice Yet the Edict pass'd and that afternoon the Court of Parliament was commanded to wait at the Louure where his Majestie told them That he was ill edified by their Remonstrances which he found very insolent The Lord Keeper told them That to some ill purpose they thought to separat the King from his Counsell by blaming the one and exempting the other for being inseparable the offence must bring the blow upon both together a thing not to be endured by a Soverain Prince who is to exspect punctuall obedience from his subjects so the prime President making a large apologie at last they were dismiss'd with recovery of the Kings grace The prodigious and violent promotions of Luynes in dignity power wealth and command made him the object of envy to some of hatred to others of amazement to all nor was he contented to hoise himself so but he must pully up his two brothers along with him so there was a kind of generall discontentment fomented in the hearts of the people which was aggravated by the late shift the King had made to get money and the clash he had with the Parliament of Paris so mens minds were susceptible and ready to receive any impressions of mislike against the present Government The Duke of Mayn had a particular discontentment that Cadenet afterwards Duke of Chaune which was erected into a Pairrie a Peership of France had maried the Heiresse of Peguigny whom he had sought for wife so he with divers other Princes started out and put themselfs in armes the Count of Soissons Vendosm and the Gran Prior of France his brother both naturall sons to the last King went to the Queen Mother at Anger 's who quickly entred into the league They of the Religion offer'd her conjunctive forces which she wav'd but the Duke of Mayn presently accepted of them which made his army swell to 12000. and upwards Hereupon the King sent the Duke of Montbazon to invite the Queen Mother to Court and to assist in Counsell but she excus'd herself by indisposition of body though it was only of mind He sent again the Archbishop of Sens unto Her with a second invitation to Court and he would meet her in the way as far as Orleans but she continued still distrustfull and jealous of some plot upon her thinking that Fistula dulce canit volucrem dum decipit Auceps She inveighs bitterly against the present Favorits how they exhausted the Kings Tresure offended most of the Princes and dispos'd of all offices and honors making men of mean extraction lately Knights of the Holy Spirit and excluding ancient Gentlemen of merit these complaints she couch'd and enlarg'd in two Letters one to the King himself the other to the Parliament of Paris which the Court would not open but sent them to the King The discontented Princes grew daily more and more powerfull so it was high time for the King to get a Horsback which
he did and march'd first to Normandy where the Duke of Longueville had arm'd having bin at the Parliament of Roven to tell them that the ground of his grievance as of the rest of the Princes was the indirect and violent means that Luynes us'd to establish his own authority and advance his monstrous fortune c. Longueville understanding the King was advancing to Roven retir'd to Diep with three hundred Gentlemen who thought to make the Town of Roven to side with them but the Kings presence scared them all away There the King sate himself in Parliament and suspended Longueville of the Government of that great Province and put also divers of his Complices out of Office And so having secur'd Roven he went to Caen where the Gran Prior had put a strong garrison in the Castle to stand for the Princes Crequy had laid a siege to the Castle before the King came and held it hot play for the Castle was extremly well fortified both with bones and stones The King immediatly upon his arrival sent Prudent whom the Gran Prior had plac'd in the said Castle a summon to render it Prudent refus'd hereupon there was a Proclamation publish'd That whosoever would bring Prudent living or dead unto the King he should have a reward of ten thousand crowns This made Prudent tremble and to apprehend some danger within as well as from without for the sound of ten thousand crowns made a mighty noise and might work upon the garrison it self So he sent to Crequy to know truly of him whether the King was there in person or no For if he were he had rather die twenty deaths then hinder the triumph of his first arms so he gave up the Castle without capitulation and the King pardoned all some gave advise to raze the Castle but being built at first to stay and repell the Forces of the English and being fair large and strong it was suffer'd to stand for it might be serviceable again against that Nation The report of taking Caen Castle added much to the Kings honor and struck a terror in the Mutineers He march'd thence to Mans and thence towards Anger 's to his Mother in the way there were six or seven Castles that discharg'd their garrisons and rang'd themselfs to the Kings obedience Being at Mans there came some Gentlemen to tell him from the Queen Mother that she was ready to conform her self to his Majesties pleasure and therefore desir'd a Treaty with this proviso that all the rest who were now in Arms for her assistance might be included in the Articles The King sent her word that as he distinguish'd her Person from theirs who were now in rebellion against him so he would separat her interests from theirs for he well considered that she was his mother they but his subjects qualities so distant that it was not fitting to confound them and involve her in the same Treaty Yet nevertheles he was willing to be gracious to all for what was pass'd provided they would incontinently disarm and implore mercy Luynes also sent her a Complement by the same messenger That there was no desire so ardent in him as to see her again with the King as well for her own contentment as for the repose of the Realm But notwithstanding this gracious proffer they stood still in arms in Anger 's where there were eight thousand foot and one thousand two hundred horse well appointed and a great confluence of Nobles Anger 's being a huge vast Town and the royal Army being but sixteen thousand foot and one thousand five hundred horse the Counsell of War determ'd that it was more advantagious to attaque Pont de Cé not far of then lye down before Anger 's So Crequy was sent with fifteen Bataillons to that purpose there was a furious fight twixt the Sons Forces and the Mothers at last the Son prevail'd and entirely routed the enemy with slaughter of five hundred men the next day the Castle of Pont de Cé rendred it self the garrison was us'd very favorably and all the Domestic Officers of the Queen Mother who had born Arms there were sent unto her for a present There was then a resolution to set upon Anger 's but the King would not hearken unto it while his Mother was in the Town Hereupon She sent the Cardinal of Sourdis and the Bishop of Lucon to the King to tell him That She threw herself between his arms to submit her will and all her inclinations to his Commands beseeching his Majesty that his grace might extend to all those that had assisted her The King condescended to every thing pass'd an Act of Abolition of all former faults and the Articles of the Treaty were sent to Paris to be verified by the Court of Parliament So the Son and the Mother had another enterview at Brissac where their actions port gesture words and tears wrought much upon the affections of all the beholders The King having in lesse then 40. dayes quell'd this dangerous rebellion which like a Hydra consisted of many heads his thoughts then reflected upon the Ecclesiastic's of Bearn who pretended and had consequently petition'd often unto him how much they suffer'd by them of the Religion so he sent the Queen to Paris and he took the road of Bearn a frontier place towards Spain fastning Navar to the foot of the Pyrenean Hills He took Saint Iohn d' Angeli in his way where the Town complain'd of a Cittadell which the Duke of Rohan would have built to keep them in captivitie He left a new Governor there behind him and sent to Espernon to have a care of the place thence he went to Blay the key of Bourdeaux where he depos'd the Marquis of Aubeterre the Governor and giving him the Truncheon of Marshall and 100000. crowns for recompence he put in his place Brentes third brother to Luynes after Duke of Luxenburg At Bourdeaux he made an Edict for the reestablishment of the Roman Catholics of Bearn in their Primitive possessions and sending it to Pau where the chief Councell of Bearn resides to be verified they refus'd to doe it notwithstanding two jussions of the King to that effect Iane d' Albret Henry the Greats Mother first planted the Reformed Religion in Bearn taking the revenues of the Roman Clergy to maintain the Ministers she raign'd divers yeers and her son Henry the Fourth succeeded who after he was King of France reestablish'd a few Bishops there who gave some satisfaction for the time The present King his son out of a greater zeale to Rome would put all things in statu quo priùs and would have the Church lands entirely restor'd and for the maintenance of the Reformed Ministers he was willing to part with eighty thousand Franks yeerly out of his own revenue Yet the Counsell of Pau would not ratifie his Edict which Counsell was divided to three opinions 1. The first opinion was utterly to reject the Kings Edict and
any one Faction in France He left two living Monuments of his greatnes behind him which were his two brothers one whereof was Marshall but both of them Dukes and Peers of France The repulse before Montauban and the death of Luynes gave some matter of resentment to the King for the present but he quickly pass'd it over And having settled matters to his best advantage in Guyen he return'd to Bourdeaux and so came to keep his Christmas at Paris The Spring following he gets a horseback again and it was high time for him in regard there was a generall insurrection of them of the Religion both in Dauphiné Languedoc Guyen and Poitou In the last Soubize had got a considerable army of 7000. foot and 600. horse and 9. Pieces of Ordnance The King parts from Paris upon Palm-Sunday which was cryed up to be a good augury that he would return with the Palm the Emblem of victory so marching to Poitou he found out Soubize entrench'd in certain little Islands call'd Rie Perier upon the Kings approach Soubize abandons the place and with a few Horse got along the sands to Rochell the whole Army being thus left headlesse in a fearfull consternation all began to flie and some thought to save themselfs through the Marasse where many hundreds miserably perished those that stayed behind the King were pardon'd only 13. were hang'd for example and they were some of those that had taken an oath at Saint Iohn d' Angely never to bear arms against the King there were kill'd and drown'd in all above two thousand Reformists in this rencounter After this Royan was rendred after a pertinacious siege and a great slaughter on both sides The King thence marcheth to Guyen where the Duke of Elbaeuf had done divers exploits Insomuch that in a short time all the towns of Guyen were reduc'd to the King except Montauban amongst others there were three towns call'd Tonnenx knotted one in another which were utterly extinguish'd with prohibition for any ever to build there again Being in Carcassona upon his March to Montpellier there were two signall things done Soubize was proclaim'd Traitor for flying to England to sollicit for forrein ayd And old Lesdeguiers was made Constable of France Chastillon also a little after came to be Marshall for giving up Aiguemortes the first had that high Office provided he would go to Masso which he did but the last persisted still in his Religion The King appear'd now in Person before Montpellier and a great deal of earth was thrown up by his Pioners before he came the trenches being almost finish'd there were divers furious Sallies from within and Assaults from without happen'd in this Siege and many gallant Gentlemen lost amongst others the young Duke of Fronsack unic son to the Count of Saint Paul was condol'd with much regret And the King was like to have had the same fortune there which he had before Montauban had not the Duke of Vendosme come with a timely supply of five thousand fresh combatants The Duke of Rohan and Constable Lesdiguieres old in yeers and new in Office had privat meetings the former going into the Town carried the busines with that power and wrought so far upon the affections of the Inhabitants of Montpellier that he made them inclinable to let in the King provided that their fortifications might continue entire and that they might be exempt from Cittadel Governor or Garrison upon such termes they with the whole body of the Religion would conform themselfs to a generall Peace which was a little after proclaim'd before Montpellier in form of an Edict to this effect That the Edict of Nants with the secret Articles thereunto annexed should be inviolably kept as under the raign of Henry the Great That the exercise of the Catholic Roman Religion should be reestablish'd where it hath bin interrupted and the Ecclesiasticks restor'd to all their goods That likewise they of the Reformed Religion should exercise it freely in all those places where it was practis'd before these commotions That all new fortifications should be demolish'd specially in the Islands of Re Oleron and the old wals only stand That all Assemblies particular and generall be prohibited to them of the p Reformed Religion for the futur unlesse it be upon affairs purely Ecclesiastic under pain of the crime of Treason That an abolition be granted of every thing pass'd except of those execrable cases reserv'd by the Article 86. of the Edict of Nants That Catholicks as well as Reformists be chosen promiscuously in civill Offices c. This being done the Deputies of the Reformed Churches coming to attend the King they were made to stoop at the entrance of the Kings lodging and afterward having first desir'd pardon they presented the Keys of the Town unto him So the next day he entred the Town and having settled all things thereabouts the King went to Provence and so to Avignon the Popes Town where the old Duke of Savoy came to visit him Thence he returns to Lyon where he found the two Queens The Prince and Princesse of Savoy came also thither to attend him Geneva likewise sent thither her Deputies who made an Oration to the King upon their knees all the while From Lyon He came triumphantly to Paris to begin the new yeer 1623. in Peace after such a long Martial progres While the King was himself in person up and down Poitou and Guyen to represse them of the Religion the Duke of Guyse by Sea who had an Auxiliary Fleet of eight of the King of Englands Ships joyn'd with him for which the Duke of Buckingham was afterwards questioned in Parliament and the Count of Soissons by Land did pinch the Rochellers Soissons rais'd up a strong tenable bulwark which he call'd Lewis-fort that commanded the Chanell Sea-ward and gave the law by Land The generall Pacification published at Montpellier was but a peece slightly plaister'd over it was far from searching the bottom from cleansing and curing the wound for many discontents raign'd still amongst them of the Religion they complain'd that Lewis-fort before Rochell was not demolish'd being a new fortification and they spoak of other grievances the King on the other side complain'd they had not reestablish'd the Ecclesiasticks in their Primitive possessions nor chosen Catholicks in Civill Offices This being profoundly debated in the Counsell of State some as the Church-men and Nobles gave their opinion that rather then to be in such continuall trances and alarms his Majesty should with his main entire strength apply himself to extinguish both the Rebellion and the Heresie as they term'd it totally together as the effect with the cause because his Majesty was not in case to do any thing abroad while they were left so strong at home for as one of the Counsellors said He that hath theeves to his neighbours dares not goe far from home Others were of a contrary opinion that it was very requisit there
in his Palace at Theobalds A little before he broak out into a very passionate Speech to his Lords of the Counsel of the King of France saying My Lords the King of France hath writ unto me that he is so far my friend that if ever I have need of him he will render me Offices in Person whensoever I shall desire him Truly he hath gain'd upon me more then any of his Predecessors and he may beleeve me that in any thing that shall concern him I will employ not only my peoples lifes but mine own and whosoever of his subjects shall rise against him either Catholiks or others shall find me a party for him 'T is true if he be provok'd to infringe his Edicts I shall impart as much as in me lies by counsell and advice to prevent the inconveniences Then falling upon the perfections of Madame Henriette Marie he said pleasantly When she is come over I will denounce war against her because she would not read my Letter nor my sons as I understand before she had first receiv'd command from the Queen her Mother yet I have cause to thank her because that after she had perus'd them she put mine in her cushionet and the other in her bosome intimating thereby that she would rely upon me for counsell and lodg my son in her heart King Iame's death retarded a while the proceedings of the Match for things were at a stand till his Exequies were pass'd which were perform'd with a Magnificence sutable to so great a King This Ceremony being ended a procuration was sent the Duke of Cheureuse from his Majesty of Great Britain to be contracted unto the Lady Henriette and then to marry her in his name which was done with extraordinary celebrity the one in the Louure the last in the great Church of Paris by the ministery of the Cardinall Rochefaucaud a little before there was a clash twixt him and the Bishop of Paris who urg'd it was his right to officiat in his own Church but the Cardinal being a Prince of the Church Universall being also gran Almoner which makes him chief Clark of the Court and Cardinal Richelieu who had now the greatest stroak in the State favoring his own habit and the Hat more then the Mitre the Cardinal carried the day This solemnity was perform'd to the very height of greatnes and splendor and such was the bravery of the English Ambassadors the Earls of Carlile and Holland that they seem'd to outshine the French that day in their own Sphere One half of the dowry had bin delivered before upon the Contract which was in all as was said before eight hundred thousand crowns and it was more then the eldest Sister had by two hundred thousand crowns and double as much as the second had the one having but six hundred thousand the other but foure hundred thousand crowns to their portions The Contract and Mariage being thus finish'd the Duke of Buckingham came a fortnight after with admired gallantry to demand the Queen of Great Britain for the King his Master and to attend and conduct her over to England The Queen Mother accompagnied her as far as Amiens Monsieur her Brother to Bullen whence a Fleet of twenty Galeons Royall transported her to Dover This was the eighth Nuptiall conjunction of the Rose and Flowerdeluce that hath happend 'twixt England and France The first was in the yeer 900. 'twixt Charles the First of France and the Lady Ogine daughter to Edward the old King of England 120. yeers before the Norman conquest The second twixt Henry the Third of England and Margaret daughter to Lewis the Seventh of France The third was between Edward the First of England and the Lady Margaret daughter to Philip the Hardy of France The fourth 'twixt Edward the Second of England and Isabel daughter to Philip the Faire The fifth was 'twixt Richard the Second of England and Elizabeth daughter to Charles the Sixth The sixth 'twixt Henry the Fifth of England and Catherin daughter also to Charles the Sixth of France The seventh was 'twixt Lewis the twelfth of France and Mary daughter to Henry the Seventh of England The eighth was this 'twixt Charles Stuard Prince of Wales and Henriette Marie of Bourbon youngest daughter to Henry the Great so in these eight Matches England hath had six daughters of France and France two of Englands As soon as this great Nuptiall pompe was pass'd there came tydings that Soubize upon a new discontent of them of the Religion had a great Fleet of ships at Sea and surpriz'd the Port of Blauet in Britany which is a faire and large Haven deposited to the Spaniard in time of the Ligue and restored to Henry the Great at the peace at Vervins Soubize enterd the Haven with eleven Sayle of men of War and took and carried away six great ships whereof some belong'd to the Duke of Nevers This rendred them of the Religion powerfull at Sea and because their Ships might have choise of harbors they seiz'd upon the Islands of Re and Oleron where they began to fortifie Soubize sayles up the Garond towards Bourdeaux with a Fleet of seventy sayles of all sort which made him Master of the Sea and landing a considerable number of land forces at the land of Medoc they of Bourdeaux joyning with Toiras sent him a shipboard again with losse and so he return'd to Rochell A little after he sets out to Sea again and takes divers prises extremely interrupting all traffic on those Coasts Hereupon the King sent to the Hollander to hyre twenty Sayle of men of War according to the late Treaty which were accordingly sent him under Admirall Hauthain These joyning with another Fleet of the Duke of Monmorency made a considerable naval power Monmorency was very eagar to set upon Soubize and the Rochell Fleet but he found the Hollanders bacward and cold being charm'd by Letters and a Remonstance annexed unto it sent to Hauthain by two French Ministers and two Dutch Merchants from Rochell wherein they made piteous complaint that the King had performed little or nothing at all of the Treaty before Montpellier and that the utter ruine of the whole body of the Religion which was the same with that of Holland was intended therefore they did efflagitat and conjure the said Admiral Hauthain to lay his hand on his heart and conscience and not to contribute to so damnable a dessein This Remonstrance wrought much upon Hauthain and Dorp his Vice-Admiral in so much that he publiquely declar'd unto the Duke of Monmorency that he had Commission in expresse termes from his Masters the States to reduce Monsieur Soubize to his duty either by reason or force that he understood how he was ready to conforme himself to the first and to that effect he and his Brother the Duke of Rohan with other Towns of their party had Deputies employed to the King to desire Peace which was in a good forwardnes
prime soldier of Europe Now Spinola being tyred with the lingring Low Countrey Wars and having recover'd the honor he had lost before Berghen op some by that notable exploit of taking Breda he procur'd his revokement from that service Being come to Spain there was some clashing 'twixt him and Olivares about accounts yet was he sent to be Governor of Milan and so was made Generall of this War He struck like thunder into Monferrat and took Nizza de la paglia and six places more notwithstanding the opposition of Toiras who had such successe against the English in the Isle of Ré and was now Governor for the King t'other side the Hills and had shut himself in Casal Colalto with the Imperiall Army enters the same time the Territories of Montava and takes Viadana Caneto Gazole Governo and presents himself before Mantova herself where the Venetians had sent 1000. men for the security of the Town As the King of France was preparing for Italy there were two ill-favord accidents happen'd one was that Monsieur being mightily taken in love with the Princesse Mary the Duke of Mantova's daughter for a second wife neither the King nor his Mother would give their consent unto it which in discontentment made him leave France and fly to Lorain this sudden sally was like to breed ill bloud for he publish'd a Manifesto wherein he cast many aspersions upon the present Government and the boundlesse Authority of Richelieu but the businesse was taken up by the ministery of good heads and Monsieur was charm'd to France again by an addition of the Duchy of Valois which was valued at one hundred thousand Franks yeerly to his former apannage The other was an insurrection in Dijon the chief Parlement Town of Burgundy where the King had erected a new Court for the improvement of his revenues The Officers of this new Court grew odious as all Innovations are which made the Populasse to mutiny specially the Vineyard-men who in confused troupes came into Dijon and did many insolences The tumult came to that height and was of that consequence that the King himself went thither in Person to appease it which he did by the assistance and sage conduct of the Duke de Bellegarde he passd ' an Act of abolition provided that a tax should be laid upon the Comminalty for repairing the losses of some of his Officers who had their houses burn'd and were otherwise damnified in this popular fury In the interim the Cardinal with an Army of twenty thousand foot and two thousand horse effectif men were ready to traverse the Alps towards Italy for it was not thought fit the King should venture his own Person in the second Expedition because his Physicians had discover'd some symptomes of an approching sicknes in him The Cardinal was accompagnied with three Marshals Crequy La Force and Schomberg who were all Generals of divers Squadrons but the Cardinal was chiefest Director of the War Nor did he wave the title of Generalissimo Nor do there want presidents in France how Cardinals have bin Generals of Armies which shall be produc'd in the life of Richelieu hereunto annexed The Duke of Savoy was somewat shy to let this Army passe through the body of his Countrey or that there should be staples of corn erected in some Towns for the supply of it which made the Cardinall speak high language demanding passage by vertue of the Articles of the late Peace at Susa So the Duke was willing the Army should passe by the river Dovaire Susine but not by Avigliana and through the Plain of Piemont By this appears in what a disadvantagious posture Nature hath placed some Princes whose Territories are situate 'twixt greater Potentates then themselfs which ofttimes puts them to weare double faces and play with a staff with two ends Such is the condition of the Duke of Savoy who besides the abruptnes and stupendous craggednes of most part of his Countrey is plac'd between two mighty Monarks the Kings of France and Spain and is oftentimes put to his wits end how to comply with both how to put off his hat to the one and how to make a leg to the other The Prince of Piemont came twise to confer with the Cardinall though much ado happen'd for the place of meeting The Prince offer'd in his fathers name to enter into an eternall Ligue with his most Christian Majesty against the Spaniard upon condition they should never disarme till they had made an entire conquest of Milan and Genoa the Cardinal held this proposition extravagant and illusory and made of purpose to render the King odious to Italy by apprehensions of an endlesse war thereupon having receiv'd a positif Commission from the King to make his passage by the sword in case of further delay he marched before Pignerol besieged it and took it whereby there was a double advantage gain'd a free passage for provision from Dauphiné as also that the said Pignerol enchaining as it were France to Italy commanded all the valley of Piemont The taking of Pignerol extremely troubled the Duke of Savoy therefore he had recourse to the Popes Nuncio to stir in the busines for an accommodation of things Signieur Mazarini a moderate and well weigh'd Gentleman was joyn'd with him and the Cardinal being return'd to Lions where the King and two Queens were to give an account how matters stood after much consultation and canvasing of the busines to and fro they propounded certain capitulations which they thought reasonable to both parties The Imperiall and Spanish party though they did not disapprove yet they delay'd to give up their resolution upon the said Articles to gain time and see what successe Colalto should get before Mantova and Spinola before Casal the chief Town of Monferrat Colalto a little after made himself Master of Mantova The French were mov'd at this and that Casal was in so dangerous condition as also that the Duke of Savoy was now arming apace thereupon the King with his Cardinal repasse the Alps with an Army of 23000. foot whereof there were 6000. Suisse and 4000. Liegeois and 2000. horse besides volonteers So he march'd to Chamberry who presently yeelded where Conqueror like he dismiss'd the Dukes Senat and established a Counsell of his own he march'd thence to Constans In the interim Crequy impatroniz'd himself of divers other places in Savoy In the heat of these actions the King had a desire to visit the Queen at Lyon whither he came but falling sick and disabled to return himself he sent the Duke of Monmorency and the Marquis de' Fiat who had bin Ambassador in England with a French Army to joyn with Marshall de la Force t'other side the Hills The Duke of Savoy to prevent this conjunction advanc'd as far as Avigliana with 20000. foot and 4000. horse made up of Spaniards and Germans The Armies met and there were some thousands kill'd on both sides Prince Doria was taken prisoner by the French and
disadvowes that she was ever prisoner but that she had liberty to choose any place throughout the whole Kingdome to live in except Champany and for more respect she should have the Government of the place and Province he declares further that her departure with his Brothers was plotted by those that are not only envious but enemies of the felicity of France therefore he prohibits and utterly forbids all his subjects of what quality or condition soever to have intelligence or correspondence with his said Mother and Brother or with any of their domestic servants or with those that are partakers of their Counsels under what pretence whatsoever Gustavus King of Sweden having by the intercession of the Ambassadors of his Majesty of Great Britain and France made his peace with the Pole strikes into Germany and like an impetuous torrent carries all before him for a time He enters into an Alliance with France and in few dayes the Treaty was concluded whereof the Articles were these that follow 1. The present Alliance which is made betwixt their Majesties is principally for the defence of all their oppressed friends and for the safety of commerce by Sea to reestablish all the Princes and Estates of the Empire in the same condition they were before the beginning of the German war and to cause all Forts and intrenchments upon the Baltic Sea to be demolish'd 2. To this effect his Majesty of Sweden doth promise to entertain and conduct upon his own charge an Army of thirty thousand foot and ten thousand horse into Germany and the King of France promiseth to contribut every yeer for the maintenance of the said Army one million of Franks two shillings sterling a peece one moity in May the other in November next following in Paris or Amsterdam and that this Alliance shall last to the first of March in the yeer 1636. 3. That if it please God to favour the armes of the King of Sweden he shall not alter or change the Catholic Apostolic Roman Religion in those places that he shall conquer but he shall permit the Inhabitants to have free exercise of their Religion according to the Treaty at Passaw and the constitutions of the Empire 4. That he shall keep himself in good friendship and neighbourhood with the Elector so he call'd him of Bavaria and with the Catholic ligue or at least in a neutrality provided they do the like 5. That no Peace or Treaty be accorded by one without the consent of the other 6. That in regard this Treaty was begun the last yeer and in the interim his Majesty of Sweden hath bin at great expence in consideration hereof his Majesty of France shall deliver the summe of three hundred thousand Franks in good Letters of exchange which ought not to be deducted out of those summes that were specified before for five yeers to come These Articles being agreed upon the King of France sent them to the Bavarian to approve of and subscribe them but the old Duke suspended his resolution many moneths and then the Swed having gain'd the great Battail of Leipsic against the Imperialists and the Catholic Ligue the affaires of Germany chang'd face Charnassé the French Ambassador came from the Swedish Army not without some complaints to Paris yet he was sent back with the Marquis of Brezé Ambassadour extraordinary to the King of Sweden to solicit still for a neutrality 'twixt his Army and that of the Catholic Ligue which was agreed upon provided that the chief of the said Ligue would separat their Forces and retire into their own Territories This declaration of neutrality being brought to the Bavarian he was willing to sign it provided that the Swed would restore what he had taken from the said Catholic Ligue since the Battail of Leipsic for after that Battail he had made a monstrous progres and penetrated the heart of Germany having now cross'd the Rhine which he had promis'd not to do without the French Kings consent and seiz'd upon the City of Metz where he now kept a Court Emperour-like The French Ambassadors proposing unto him a restitution of what he had taken from the Catholic Ligue he refus'd it whereupon there were high words pass'd twixt him and the Ambassadors so the neutrality ceas'd and turn'd to hostility afterwards and the Swed commanded all Roman Catholicks to void the Town of Mentz for fear they had intelligence with some Spanish Troups that were at Spire but that order was revok'd by the mediation of the French Ambassadors so the alliance lasted still twixt the two Kings The King of France a little after this being march'd as far as Metz with an Army for the defence of his Allies was visited there by some German Princes and the Duke of Lorain came thither in Person of purpose to see him and to scatter some clowds of diffidence and jealousies that were 'twixt the King and him so a new Treaty was agreed on wherein there were some Articles very disadvantagious to the Lorrener As first That the said Duke should depart from that time forward from all Intelligences Ligues Associations or Practices which he had or might have with any Prince or State whatsoever to the prejudice of his Majesty his Estates and Countreys under his obedience and protection as also in prejudice of the Alliance and Confederation 'twixt him and the King of Sweden and 'twixt him and the Duke of Bavaria for the conservation of the liberty of Germany and the Catholic Ligue and defence of the Princes that are allied and friends to France Secondly That the said Duke shall not treat or make any Alliance with any Prince or State whatsoever without the knowledge and consent of the said King Thirdly That he cause to retire out of his Countrey all such that are enemies to the King and that he shall give neither passe nor safe conduct to any of his subjects that have gone out of France against his pleasure Fourthly That no Military leavies be made in his Countrey against his Majesties service nor that any of his subjects serve or assist his enemies Fifthly That he shall give liberty and power to them who shall be sent from the King to seiz upon and arrest any rebellious subjects being accus'd and convinc'd of Treason These with other Articles were agreed upon in this Treaty which the King would not cōmence unles he had first deliver'd up Marsal a strong tenable place In such a posture as we told you before that Nature had plac'd the Duke of Savoy in the self same posture the quality of the soyles excepted may the Duke of Lorain be said to be being situated 'twixt mightier Potentats then himself who as once the Lion did increpat the innocent Lamb for troubling the waters may make him the subject of their displeasure and advantage at any time to devoure him But the Lorrener of the two is in a worse condition then the Savoyard being homageable to the Emperour and the King
and only aime was to procure an universall and well grounded peace throughout Christendom Before this Declaration was divulg'd a Herald of Arms was sent to Brussells where he publicly pronounc'd war against the King of Spain in the Market place and so in every Town at his return to France and he pass'd to and fro without any outrage at all The King had five Royall Armies in motion this Sommer the first in Lorain under the Duke of Angoulesme de la Force the second under the Cardinal de la Valette in Germany wherewith Bernard Weymer joyn'd The third was under the Duke of Crequy in Italy wherewith the Savoyard and Parmasan joyn'd The fourth was under the Duke of Rohan wherewith the Venetians and Grisons joyn'd to conserve the Valtolin The fifth was under the Marshall Chastillon in Picardy The first did some exploits against the Duke of Lorain where Ihon deWert Coloredo and the Baron of Clinchant took Saint Mihel and other places The second under de la Valette who had Coronell Hebron and divers Scots of his Army and having taken Binghen and other places he had a shrewd conflict with Galas neer Boulac where a great many of French Nobles and Gentlemen were slain so that this Army made not so good returns as the first The third under Rohan thrive well he fortified many places in the Valtolin and had a shrewd fight neer Bormio defeated Sarbellon and 3000. were slain upon the place The fourth under Crequy performed much in Italy divers places were taken in the Countrey of Alexandrin but laying a siege before Valentia he was forc'd to raise it The fifth under Chastillon had the best fortune of any for being to joyn with the Prince of Orenge at Maestricht he met in the way with Prince Tomaso at Avein neer Namur where after a tough serious fight above 3000. of the enemies fell 1500. men taken prisoners 95. Colours and 16. peeces of Ordnance After this exploit the French Army marchd towards Maestricht through the Countrey of Liege where Chastillon met with the Prince of Orenge and Bovillon there were high acclamations of joy at the conjunction of both Armies who came to the number specified in the Treaty all effectif men Add hereunto that there was a third Army of the Duke of Bovillons In so much that there was never since the beginning of the Belgique war a greater and more numerous body of Military strength at one time an Army able to gain an Empire for it was compos'd of neer upon 70000. combatants whereof there were above 10000. horse but their achievements and succes was not answerable to their power for they took but two mean Towns Tillemont and Diest and the Castle of Dormaet the first was pittifully pillag'd nor could the French soldiers be kept within any limits of awe but they did violat and plunder both Churches and Convents and committed many other strange outrages The Armies then march'd as far as Brussells and took prisoners out of the very suburbs but it was held neither safe to sit down before the place nor a thing feasible to take it the Cardinal Infante being intrench'd not far off in a very advantagious post therefore the Armies came before Lovain where they presently began their batteries the Marquis of Varennes with divers French fell there and divers more They of the Town made a furious sally upon the English quarters wherein Sir Charles Morgan was hurt and eighty more slain but in a short space they were repell'd to the Town with a considerable losse They made two brave sallies more upon Chastillons quarters a little after but the tenth day the siege was rais'd and the Town quite cleer'd of so vast an Army the reasons of the raising of this siege were first a great necessity of provision the second the strength of the enemy for Piccolomini was come to Namur with a fresh Army lastly the ignorance they had of the quality of the place in point of strength and her neernes to the greatest Towns in Brabant as Antwerp Brussells Malines with other These huge Armies being retreated from before Lovain the nimble Crabats did notably plague their reeres and carried away good booties Diest was also repris'd and the French Army being before Venlo news came that the famous Sconce of Schenk was taken by the Spanish Garrison of Gueldres as also that the Duke of Saxe the potentest Prince of Germany and the Dictator of the Protestants had made his peace with the Emperour besides that Iean de Wert had invaded and extremely ravag'd Lorain up and down which made Chastillon trusse up his baggage and leave Venlo and think upon homewards Thus this formidable French Army melted away to a small number nor could they who were left know which way to return to France so most of them were sent by Sea from Flushing and other places neverthelesse had their retreat bin answerable to their first entrance into the Netherlands when Chastillon gain'd such a notable victory of Prince Tomaso they had made a gallant Expedition of it but it was observ'd that after their sacriledges at Tillemont the Wind blew alwaies in their faces and nothing prosper'd with them Besides sundry good successes by Land the Spaniard this yeer had some prosperous gales at Sea for the Duke Fernandin and the Marquis de sancte Cruz took from the French with 22. Gallies and 5. Galeons two Islands in the Mediterranean call'd Sancta Margarita and Saint Honorat which much prejudic'd the Trade of Provence and all maritime commerce to Italy Young Oxenstern the Chancelor of Swedens son came in a gay equippage Ambassador to France this yeer he was treated with no common esteem and at his departure the King took off his finger a rich Ring which he wore that day of purpose to give him The said Oxenstern passing over to England upon the like employment though his reception was altogether as good and his present as valuable yet he refus'd the latter The maritim might and navall power of France never appear'd more then this yeer for the King being very sensible of the losse of his Islands neer Provence assembleth all the great ships which could be found in the Ports of Normandy Britainy Poitou and Guyen to the number of 59. vessels wherein there were embark'd neer upon 6000. men and they carie 400. peeces of Ordnance the first rendevous was at Rochell the Count of Harcour was appointed Generall and Sourdis the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Admirall they lanc'd out into the main and coasting Spain without any rencounter they entred the Mediterranean the Fleet of Province was then also in a readines which consisted of 12. Gallies of which squadron the Bishop of Nants was Director in chief who with him of Bourdeaux left his spirituall See to try his fortunes on the salt Sea he was embark'd in the gran Galeon of the Duke of Guyses of 1200. Tonns there was another squadron also of the gallies of France
nothing at all to be fear'd that such Bastard Plants will take any deep roots Cursed be thou degenerat Child which goest on after thine own counsell not according to mine which warpest a web but not by my direction which dost adde sin to sin which goest down to Egypt and to the Synagogue of Satan and consultest not with me nor remembrest my precepts Thou hast rejected my discipline hoping for succour in the help of Calvin and his followers and hast confidence in the shadow of Egypt that is to say in the conventicle of Heretiques but this imaginary strength shall become thy confusion and the confidence of this shadow which thou followest in despising the body of the Orthodoxal Church shall turn to thy shame So an Anathema was pronounc'd and publiquely fix'd up against him Duke Bernard Weymar descended of the eldest House of Saxony whose Ancester was outed of that great Dutchy for deserting Rome by Charles the Emperour had besides his Germanes a considerable Army of French upon the Kings pay who did notable feats up and down he was now lay'd down before Rhinfield one of the Forest Towns having taken two of them before belonging to the House of Austria he had after two stormings made a breach in the walls when Iohn de Wert the Duke of Savelli and other choice men appear'd inexpectedly with nine Regiments of horse and four thousand foot to raise the siege Generall Sperheucher was also there and two companies of Crabats There happen'd two furious fights betwixt them in the first de Wert had the better by taking four Canons and three Cornets of horse the Duke of Rohan was in the field as a Volontier being newly come from his employment in the Valtolin his horse was kill'd under him and he himself wounded in two or three places the siege of Rhinfield was rais'd for the time but Bernard Weymar sought out de Wert the next day and having rallied all his forces and put himself in battalia there was a gallant though bloudy fight and victory flutter'd a great while with doubtfull wings but at last Iohn de Wert himself Duke Savelli Sperheucher Major Generall Enkenfort with all the chief Commanders were taken prisoners amongst whom Iohn de Wert and Enkenfort were carried prisoners to France and committed to Bois de Vincennes So Duke Bernard Weymar took Rhinfield by a second siege presently after The Duke of Rohan being carried with his wounds about him to Swisserland died of them within a little time and his body was carried in great pomp to Geneva where he was buried a Duke of high descent being prime Prince of the bloud of the Kingdom of Navar whereupon it was said of him Rohan ie suis Roy ie ne puis Prince ie dedagne Rhoan I am King I cannot be Prince I disdain it He was excellently vers'd both in the Theory and Prastic part of War and other politicall knowledge as appears by his works and by his exploits in the Valtolin and els where Some there are who brand him to have bin a Pensioner to Spain receiving fourteen thousand crowns and his Brother Soubize eight thousand from that King for divers yeers to puzzle France with intestin broyles He died without male issue and so that bloud-royal Duchy of Navar extinguish'd There were hot doings now in Italy one of the grounds of the quarrell was 'twixt the King of Spain and the Duke of Parma The Spaniard alledg'd that by capitulations with the former Dukes he was upon occasion of war to have the Town of Placentia for his use to put men and ammunition in during the war The Duke disadvowed any such obligation and was abetted by France and Savoy in the quarrell Victor Amadée Duke of Savoy who had married the second daughter of France being dead the yeer before and the Count of Veriie his Generall the Duke of Crequy came to be Commander in chief and going to releeve Breme which the Marquis of Leganez Governor of Milan had closely begirt Crequy as he was surveying the enemies trench and vaunting that he would convey succour to the Town over the Spaniards mustachos he was cut in the middle by a Cannon bullet and so shatterred to peeces and the crosse he wore upon his brest was shot into his flesh so Breme rendred her self This Marshall Crequy was a brave man both for command and personall valour having fairly kill'd in duel one of the bastard sons of Savoy in sight of two Armies some yeers before there was a Latin Epitaph written upon him which in respect of the pertinent apposit words and the gallantry of the style I think worthy to have room in this story for I have not met with a better D. Caroli de Crequy Elogium funebre AD sonum ruinae cujus fragor adhuc Europam occupat Tormento bellico Crequius occubuit Minori telo non poterat Eminus Mors peremit saepe frustrà E propinquo tentaverat Priori displosione pulveris nubem excitavit Ut secundas insidias tegeret Alterum globum impegit in terram Vel attingere verita Vel antequam attingeret venerata Abrumptum est corpus in membra jacere Eodem in loco tanta ruina non poterat Quod colligi potuit hic jacet magnitudo Cladis ubique est Nec incautum mors oppressit ea die AEternitati studuerat Ante hor am animum sacramentis praeparârat Ut praestaret aeternum dum facit divinum Horam reliquam non substraxit aeternitati Dum impendit Regi Appensam è collo crucem fatalis globus Impressit cordi Ut moreretur in vulneribus propriis Et cum vulneribus Christi Sensit cor admotum Deum amavit vixit Emendavit amores humanos hic amor ultimus Continuatus est aeternitati ne eum tempus corrumperet Reperiri ultrà in terris cor coelo dignum non potuit Duae res sursum extulerant Crux quam attigit Amor quo arsit Postquam attigerat Deum tegi humo non debuit Neque hospes aeternitatem ingressus est ad quam tot eleemosynas praemiserat Ut festivè beneficus esset praemittere se aiebat ad coelum divitias ne illic pauper esset Nullibi securius latere Opes quam ubi Deus Et faelicitas latet Abi Viator nec ruinam defle quâ Crequius in aeternitatem cecidit Eâ hora extinctus est quae illi ad immortalitatem optanda fuit Redi Viator disce qualem vitam AEternitas inchoavit diem clausit Vix unquam tot lauros fulmen messuerat si laurus fulmen timeret Centum Heroum nepos elogia omnium sua fecit Magnanimus Audax sapiens dignus gentilitiis meritis et suis Servabat ei virtus haec cognomina nisi Majores praeripuissent praelusit tamen Nepoti dum ea Avis imponeret Iis titulis Ducem Parem et Marescallum addidit additurus Conestabilem Nisi haec aetas tot Conestabiles haberet quot Marescallos habet
Duke of Savoy touching the Treaty of Monson though the Duke was not there in Person yet his businesse was dispatch'd with as much advantage to him as if he had bin there present by the French Ambassadors nor had he as much cause of grievance as he had of many high obligations of gratitude to have his Countrey and Towns restor'd unto him which had bin so often overrun by the French armes Concerning his colleguing with Protestants Spain may be upbraided as well for Charles the Fifth employed Lutherans whom he call'd his black bands against France and Rome her self and that by the advice of his Theologues This present King Philip had privat intelligence with the Duke of Rohan who pay'd him and his brother a yeerly Pension to keep France in action by Civill Wars and had entred into a Treaty with him accordingly consisting of divers capitulations Moreover the Catholic Kings have had and have to this day friendship and confederacie with divers Pagan Princes and amongst others with the King of Calecut who adores the Devil for a little Pepper or such like Commodities Nor are there wanting examples how in the time of the Moores the King of Aragon made use of Moriscos against another Christian King Another makes an odd Apologie for this King why he confederated with Protestants and employ'd them so much in his wars which is that he made use of them against the greatnes of the House of Austria only whom they suspect and perfectly hate And touching his subjects of the Religion in France it was never out of any affection unto them or out of any conceit of fidelity he had of them that from time to time he gave them Honor and offices in his Armies but out of a politic end to diminish and destroy them by degrees for a greater number of them then of Papists perish'd in his wars For breaking with his Brother in law the King of Spain and the House of Austria he did it meerly out of political interests and pure reason of State which is now grown to the highest point of subtilty and swayes the world more then ever It is well known that France as all Europe besides hath bin for many yeers emulous of Spaine and suspectfull of her greatnes for she hath bin still growing and gathering more strength any time these hundred yeers In so much that considering her huge large limbs she was become a Giant in comparison of all her neighbours France was fearfull of this unproportionable hugenes of hers more then any and therefore being somewhat distrustfull of his own strength to cope with her single he enters into confederation with others as the Hollander and Swed So that this war of France with Spain is meerly preventive Nor is preventive war a new thing but we have warrant for it from Antiquitie I am sure it is as old as that of Peleponnesus the ground whereof was to keep the power of Athens within its wonted channel which went daily swelling ore the old banks this gave the first alarum to the Lacedemonian to stand upon his Guard and to put himself in Armes whence afterwards issued that long liv'd war which History renders so famous to posterity Alphonso K. of Castile made war against the Moors and the rest of the Spanish Kings for there were divers then in Spain finding him encrease in power collegu'd against him and the reason the Historian gives is Nunquam satis fida principum potentia finitimis est occasionem proferendi Imperii avidè arripiente natura mortalium The Decree of the College of Sorbon is That the exorbitant greatnes of a neighbouring Prince may be a just ground for a war 'T is well known how watchfull those three Geryons of their times Charles the Fifth Henry the Eight of England and Francis the First of France were to keep their power in aequilibrio they had alwayes an eye upon the Scale to see which way it panch'd and out-pois'd And it hath bin us'd to be the old policy power of England though now crosse winds have long blown upon her to question any of her neighbours touching their encrease of strength in shipping There be examples without number how it hath bin alwaies the practise of the sagest Princes as being a rule that 's warrantable in the schoole of prudence and honor to prevent that their adjoyning neighbours oregrow them not by accesse of new power either by weakning their Allies by Monopolizing of Trade encrease of Territory by mastering of passages or by too neer approaches The last makes me think that it is high time for the Hollander to look about him considering the late acquests of the French in the Netherlands and to be warnd by the old Proverb Aye le François pour ton Amy non pas pour ton voisin Have the French for thy friend not for thy neighbour The Austrian Eagle had display'd his wings wider then formerly by addition of the Palatinat Triers and other places in Germany France took Armes to make him mew these new feathers and she had those three things which one said were requisit to make her eternall favourable unto her viz. Rome the Sea and Counsel Pope Vrban the Eight had his breeding there twenty yeers together and so was a friend to her she had a competent number of Ships and for Counsell she had Richelieu for her Pilot He was not like your Countrey Wasters that Demosthenes writes of who were us'd to grow skilful in defending those parts of the body where they had bin hurt but he could foresee and fence away the blow before it was given And for others he carried matters so that some of them found their hands sezi'd upon when they were ready to strike This caus'd him to make his King the first aggressor of the war against Spain wherein he had wonderfull successe and done such feats as hath appear'd already in the body of the story that as they have struck an amazement in the present age so they vvill breed an incredulity in the future Touching the last complaint against him that he peel'd and poll'd the Peasan 't is true he did so but he who is vers'd in the humour of that people vvhat boyling brains and perpetuall inclinations they have to noveltie and to break out into motion if they be pamper'd with peace and riches will conclude that there is a necessitie to keep them short in point of wealth vvhose ordinary effects are pride and insurrections Yet I beleeve there may be other more laudable vvayes of policy us'd for prevention of this then poverty It being a true maxime in the Academy of Honor that it is more glorious for a Prince to be King of an opulent free people then of a slavish and beggerly And the greatest reproach that Forreners cast upon the French Government is that the vvealth of the Countrey should be so unequally dispenc'd the King Clergy Nobles and Officers svvallovving up all vvhile the common people have scarce
long He must also make an exact research for the curious books of Metagenes wherein he teacheth how to compound a beuverage whereby to make a judiciary Astrologer and take the Circle of the seven Planets which knowledge would be very usefull for the most eminent among mortals to foresee what will become of him and to be able the better to prevent his enemies for the Europaean Astrologers have cousen'd him in divers praedictions specially in that of the ruine of the House of Austria and in the translation of the Empire They had also assur'd him that in such a yeer he should be Pope and in such a yeer King of Austrasia The Lord Ambassadour shall try to get the Beast Marticora which is of a red colour and hath the head of a man lancing out sharpe prickles from behind The spirit which moves the stars shall take this for his Crest The Lord Ambassadour shall not faile to enquire if it be possible to recover the pourtrait of the Great Talamoque or that huge Galeasse which the Egiptiens sent two thousand yeers since to the Indian Seas because the most eminent among mortals would build the like having already cut down a good part of the Forests of Britany to make such an Engine that may be able to crush the English Ships by being higher deck'd then the tops of their Masts It shall be call'd the Great Armand which shall be able to swallow all the Bottomes on the Ocean whereon the Picture of the most eminent among mortals shall be put who cannot live but amongst waves amongst troubles and tossings and tumblings besides he fears nothing more then the earth Then shall the Lord Ambassadour passe by the Persian Gulph and then to the red Sea and so through the Deserts of Lybia he shall enter into Egypt and so advance to Ethiopia to see Prester Iohn He shall endevour to perswade him that he being of the Race of the Q. of Sheba he ought to have a curiosity to come to hear the wisdom of the most eminent among mortals who knows more then Solomon If my Lord Ambassadour passe by Fez and Morocco he shall endevour to incite them also against the Spaniard When his Excellence the Duke of Sabin Ambassadour extraordinary for the most eminent among mortals to all the Great Monarques of the World shall be return'd to Christendom he shall advertise all Princes as he passeth along that his Eminence is resolv'd there shall be no Peace in Europe specially 'twixt France and the House of Austria howsoever that there may be a way given for Treaties to amuse the world untill both parties become equall in power therefore as he shall passe through Italy the foresaid Lord Ambassadour shall procure one of those Scales wherein Cosmo de Medici balanc'd all the Princes of the Western World for the most eminent among mortals intends to do the like most exactly and weigh every State to the least grain c. This was the substance of the rambling Instructions that were given the Chymericall Ambassadour which kept more noise in Christendom then any thing that ever was written of him Another compares him to Hercules and the Q. Mother to Iuno whose animosity put Hercules to quell Monsters and perform his twelve labours which were held impossibilities in others At Sea Hercules himself did not so many feats as he for being High Admiral his Galeon the great Armand broak often through his pillers He rays'd every day new tempests wherein Dolphin-like he lov'd to tumble and sport and by this restles humour of motion he drive his Master into a vast Ocean of trouble and danger his sayles having no other wind to fill them but ambition and ayrie hopes of honor And while he labour'd thus to have his great Masters name and his own to fill future story some doubt whether they were not expung'd out of the Book of life in regard they pass'd to their last Port through a Red Sea the one a young man upon the matter being but 42. the other not old being but 57. and the reason may be drawn out of the Sacred Text That the bloud-thirsty man shall not see half his dayes This Sanguinary humor in him was sutable to the colour of his habit which more incited and praecipitated the French and others his Confederats to Armes as we read it to be the custom of the Indians to present Scarlet colours and other bloody red objects before their Elephants to make them more furious when they are employ'd in the wars This made him turn the very dust to soldiers as he pass'd and make swarms follow him as well for the colour of his coat as also for that holines which some held to be inhaerent in it I will conclude all kind of Satyrs of him with these Latin ones which may be instar omnium for they give a shrewd Character both of his nature his actions and of his whole life and t is in forme of an Epitaph and penn'd by one of the prime wits under that Clime Primùm quod a te postulo Viator est ut Deum opt max laudes quod haec in Gallia securus leges Deinde miraberis tantillo spacio claudi mortuum quem Terra non capiebat vivum Illam ubi commovit coelum movere voluit is qui hoc symbolum sibi arrogavit Mens sydera volvit Ut intelligas qualis haec Intelligentia fuerit industria fuit sagaci sed inquieta pacis publicae propriae tranquillitatis hostis In magno quod plurimi suspexerint Ingenio magnam pauci familiares deprehenderunt mixturam dementiae Animum ejus laedebant omnia sanabat nihil Potentissimi Regis non tam benevolentia quam authoritate diu stetit Rerum exitu non consiliorum prudentia foelix Dei solius infelix indignatione cum turpibus morbis perpetuo conflictatus locum ignoravit felicitatis quam sua aliorum infelicitate quaerebat nunquam sibi visus beatus ut nec iis probus qui beatum nuncupabant Utrique bili vitae carnificibus obnoxius flavos ignes at atras fuligines continuò passus est sic venenum quod in aliorum perniciem effudit non sine sua continuit Supra omnes Mortales ambitione laboravit supra plurimos avaritia Regiae pecuniae prodigus alienae parcus Crudelis offensus ubi offenderat crudelior extitit Regiae Matris beneficiis ditatus curis promotus potestate potentior factus illam gratiâ regis libertate bonis Galliâ ac demum extorrem Coloniae vitâ privavit ne mortuae parceret supremas ejus voluntates rescindi et insepultum cadaver per quinque menses post quos et Ipse extinctus est in cubiculo relinqui voluit Fratris Regis dignitatem violavit personam opprimere studuit Non solùm a Matre filium a fratre fratrem sed ab uxore virum aliquando avertit Marillacum cum summa injuria Montmorentium summo jure Saint Marcum jure cum injuria Thuanum
for them yet they deserve to have Laurels upon their heads and Palmes of victory in their hands to all posterity Crescet occulto velut Arbor aevo Nomen Armandi Ludovicus ingens Stella fulgebit velut inter Ignes Luna minores FINIS An Alphabeticall Table of such matters that are the principall Ingredients of this Story A ANne of Austria affianc'd to Lewis the Thirteenth of France 13 Her dowry 13 Her joynture 14 Her Letter to the King of France 31 Made Regent of France 135 Anagrams on Henry the Great 5 Analogy 'twixt the Dauphin of France and the Duke of Cornwall 2 Advantage of a little well compacted body over a great 151 M. of Ancre's entrance into favour 16 He is slain by Vitry 37 Sentenc'd after death 38 His body untomb'd dragg'd up and down hang'd hack'd to peeces and burnt 38 A censure of him 38 Antipathy 'twixt the Spaniard and French 32 Five French Ambassadors in Italy in one yeer 34 Assembly of the three Estates meet at the Kings majority 23 Assembly of Notables first convok'd 40 All the Alliances that have pass'd 'twixt England and France 67 The D. of Angoulesme before Rochell and his stratagem to deceive the English 8 Marq Ambrosio Spinola's exploits in Italy a clash 'twixt him and Olivares 92 Governor of Milan and besiegeth Casal 93 His Epitaph 95 Archduchesse Isabella dieth at Brussels 106 Articles upon the mariage 'twixt England and France 64 Articles 'twixt the Swed and the French 99 Articles t'wixt the French and the Hollander upon the breach with Spain 109 Clandestine articles twixt the Duke of Rohan and the Spaniard 87 Articles 'twixt the French King and Charles Duke of Lorain 101 Articles 'twixt the King of France and Monsieur his brother 104 Articles 'twixt the French and Catalans 128 The Authours caution to the Reader 6 Armes how ill they become Church-men in the Proem B Bassompierre Ambassador in England 76 Battaile of Norlinghen 108 Bernard Weymar takes Rhinfeild 118 Brisac 125 His Epitaph 126 Becanus book De potestate Regis et Papae condemn'd at Rome 16 Birth and baptisme of Lewis the Thirteenth 1 Birth of the now Duke of Anjou 133 Blasphemous praises of the Cardinal of Richelieu in the Proem Duke of Bovillon invites the Pr of Condé to arme by a notable speech 17 M. de Bois Dauphin General for the King 29 Breda repris'd by the Hollander 116 Breme taken by the Spaniard 119 Duke of Buckingham sent to France to demand and conduct her now Majesty to England 67 The Duke of Buckinghams Manifesto after he had invaded France 77 The causes of the breach 80 The manner of his landing 82 His Letter to Toiras and the answer he receivd 83 His infortunat retreat prisoners taken and releas'd for her Majesties sake 84 The Duke of Buckinghams omissions in the Isle of Ré the causer of them 84 C Cardinals made Generalls 183 Catalonia falls from the Spaniard and the causes why 128 Pr Casimir taken prisoner in France 128 Character of Henry the Great 5 The Chamber of Accounts refuse to verifie the Kings Letter 29 Cadenet Ambassadour in England 56 The Chymericall Ambassadors 169 Christina the second daughter of Henry the Great maried to the Prince of Piemont her portion 42 The D. of Cheureux marieth the Lady Henrietta Maria to the King of England 66 Clergy men most dangerous if misapplied 128 A Clash 'twixt the Duke and the Parlement of Paris 27 A Clash 'twixt the Counsel of State and the Parlement with the Parlements submission 28 Condé and his Adhaerents proclaym'd Traytors 29 His clandestine consults in Paris apprehended in the Louure 35 Prince of Condé distasts the match with Spain 14 Puts himself in Arms to hinder the Queens entrance 28 A great Contention 'twixt the Church men in Paris 11 Contentions in the Generall Assembly of the three Estates 23 The Close and funerall of it 26 Cotton the Iesuit vindicats his Society 9 Count of Auvergne eleven yeers prisoner in the Bastile 37 Count of Chalais beheaded 74 D. of Crequies splendid Ambassage to Rome 106 Kil'd before Breme 119 His Epitaph 120 D Dauphin whence deriv'd 2 The Dauphin now king born 124 Decree of the Colledge of Sorbon against Francis Cupif 117 A Declaration sent to Rochell wherein the English are branded 79 Difference 'twixt the Germans and French at Brisac 127 Difference 'twixt Conde and Soissons about the Napkin 46 Difference 'twixt forren Princes and the Kings base sons 91 Disadvantagious to live 'twixt two potent neighbours exemplified in the Dukes of Savoy and Lorain 93. 101 Dismission of the French from the Queen of Englands service 75 The reasons why 76 Divers odd desseins fear'd in France 73 Distinction 'twixt liberty and priviledge 24 Dionysius his flatterers in the Proem A Discourse upon judiciary Astrology 15 Prince Doria taken prisoner by the French 94 Duke of Mains stately Ambassy to Spain about an alliance 13 Duke of Pastrana in France 14 E How Edward the Confessor us'd an Astrologer 15 Ecclesiasticus a scandalous book writ by Schioppius 16 Divers Errours of the French Chroniclers reflecting upon England 76 Duke of Espernon questions the Rochellers 38 He clasheth with the Court of Parlement 26 A pleasant passage 'twixt him and the Archbishop of Bourdeaux 123 He traceth the Queen Mothers escape out of Blois 43 He is outed of his Government and dieth a little after 123 Emanuel Duke of Savoy his exploits in Italy 71 He highly complains of the King of France whence arise some traverses 'twixt him and Monsieur Bullion the French Ambassador 72 His death prophecied 94 Epitaph upon Marshall Crequy 120 Epitaph upon Marq. Spinola 95 Epitaph upon Saxen Weymar 126 Epitaphs upon Cardinal de Richelieu 178 An Ethiopian Prince Zaga Christos arriv'd in Paris 120 Edicts against duels blasphemy 22 F Master Fairfax put to the torture before Montauban 58 The Falshood of some French Annalists in divers things and their stupidity in relating names 76 The Duke of Fereaincens'd against the Duke of Savoy 97 A fearfull unknown Fire in the Palace of Paris 42 Another when the two bridges were burnt 57 Ferrier a reformed Minister turnd Roman Catholic 14 Five French armies in motion in one sommer 111 Florimond de Puy a Reformed Gentleman beheaded for treason 11 Fontarabia besieg'd by the French 122 Don Fernando the King of Spains youngest brother dieth at Brussells 131 A strange libell touching him and his brother Don Carlos 132. The French soon weary of peace 3 French beaten before Theonville 126 G Master George Digby cutts Scioppius on the face for defaming King James 16 Don Gonsalez de Cordova refuseth the King of France his present 103 Gasper Galilei Galileo racants his opinion in Rome for holding the Sun to rest and the earth to move 107 His punishment ibid. Galigay the Marchiones of Ancre's death and Roman stoutnesse 20 Grievances discover'd and not redres'd do the body politic harm 27 D. of Guyse marieth the
daughter of France for the King of Spain 31 H Lord Hayes after Earl of Carlile Ambassador in Paris 34 The Duke of Halluin beats Serbellon and the Spaniards before Leucato 115 The Pr of Harcour relieves Casal appears before Turin takes it 129 The Hard fortune of Kings daughters 32 Henry the Great slain 3 His treasure his army his burial 4 Henry the third buried 22. yeers after his death 8 M. Hicks now Sir Ellis Hicks the good service he did at Montauban 58 Hesdin taken by the French 126 Twenty Holland men of War come according to article to serve the French King 68 The Lady Henrietta Maria married to the King of Great Britain 66 Humbert Duke of Viennois upon what termes he bequeath'd Dauphiné to Philip of Valois I King Jame's Letter to the French King 63 His passionate speech to his Counsell his complement to her Majesty now Queen 66 The Jacobins hold that in no case the Counsel is above the Pope the question solemnly debated in Paris 12 Inventions to torment Ravaillac 7 The Iesuits have the heart of Henry the Great 8 Jesuits not permitted to open their Colledge in Paris 11 The Imperialists and Spaniards overrun Picardy and Burgundy 113 Insurrection in Diion suppress'd 93 Insurrection in Normandy 126 John Duke of Bragansa made King of Portugal 130 His Letter to the K. of Spain 131 Saint John de Luz taken by the Spaniard 114 The Isles of Saint Margarita and Saint Honorat taken by the Spaniard 112 Repris'd by the French 115 Italian predictions of Henry the Greats death 4 K Kings presence oft-times advantagious 20 Kings of France majors when as high as a sword 21 New Knights of the Holy Spirit 46 L Landrecy taken by the Duke de la Valette 115 Letter of the King of Spain to the Duke of Bragansa 130 Letter of King James to the French King 63 Letter from Richelieu to the Q. Mother 160 Letters interchangeable 'twixt Buckingham and Toiras 83 Letter from Condé to the Queen Mother 18 Letter from the Queen Mother to Condé 19 Letter from the Queen at her first arrivall in France to the King 31 Letters from the King to Monsieur 104 Letters from the King to the Duke of Halluin 116 Letters from the King to Condé 47 Letters to Toiras against the English 82 The Duke of Lerma marrieth the Infanta for the King of France 31 Lewis the Thirteenth his inclination and sports when young 3 His minority 5 His solemn coronation 10 His majority declar'd by Parlement 21 His gracious declaration to the Princes 35 His speech to his Mother after d' Ancres death 39 He beds with the Queen 43 A clash 'twixt him and the Parlement at Paris 47 His exploits in Bearn 50 His Protest to the Assembly of Notables 75 His answer to the Rochelers when they yeelded 86 He crosseth the Alps in Winter 87 Hath a shrewd fit of sicknes 96 His harsh answer to them of the Religion 62 His harsh Declaration against his Mother 99 His Declaration against Spain 100 His speech to the Palsgrave 127 His speech to the D. of Lorain 132 reduc'd to a great straight 32 He protects the Catalan 134 His death with the circumstances thereof 135 Examples of his piety 139 Divers speeches of his 139 His chastity and constancy 140 His exploits run over 142 Did greater things then Henry the Great 143 Divers things objected against him 141 Duke of Longuevill in arms 18 L'esdiguiers made Constable 59 Luynes put first to the King 3 Incenses the K. against d'Ancre 38 Hath Ancres estate given him and made Constable 52 A clash twixt him and Sir Ed. Herbert then Lo Ambassadour now Baron of Cherbery 55 A Dialogue between them 55 How worthily the English Ambassador compos'd himself 56 Luynes dieth of the Plague in the Army 58 His Legend 59 Duke of Lorain meets the King at Metz. 101 Duke of Lorain waves the performance of homage for the Duchy of Bar. 106 His complement to the King 106 He comes to Paris 132 Monsieur de Lien Cour Governor of Paris 29 M Marie de Medici declar'd Queen Regent by Parlement 5 Her speech upon the resignation of the Government 22 Her discours with Marossan about her escape 45 The first war with her son 44 The second war with her son 48 The beginning of her aversenes to the Cardinal 96 The causes of it 98 Her complaint against him 99 She returns to Flanders in discontent 99 Thence to Holland and so to England then to Colen where she died 133 Her high qualities 134 Mariana's opinion touching Kings protested against in Paris 9 Q. Margaret de Valois dieth her Character 26 Moderation the true rule of wisdom 13 Mazarini makes a peace in Italy 96 Monsieur maried to the Duke of Monpensiers daughter 72 His complement to her 73 He falls in love with the Duke of Montava's daughter and being cross'd flies to Lorain 92 Flies again to Lorain 103 He entreth France with an Army of strangers 103 His high propositions to his brother 104 Flies the third time to Lorain 105 Marieth the Lady Margaret the Duke of Lorains sister goes then to Flanders whence at the Infante Cardinals approach he steales away to France 106 Duke of Monmorency joyn's with Monsieur is defeated by Schomberg 104 Is beheaded at Tholouze 105 Morocco Ambassador in Paris his credential Letter 102 Montauban the last Town of them of the Religion which submitted 91 Monpellier capitulats by the Duke of Rohans advice 60 Morgard the Astrologer made Gallislave 14 N Nancy given up to the French 106 The Nature of the Spaniard in adversity 131 The Nonage of Lewis the Thirteenth 5 The Nonage of Lewis the Fourteenth now King 135 O The Oath the Queen of Englands French servants were to take 65 Open hostility 'twixt France and Spain pronounc'd by Herauld 111 Saint Omer besieged by the French who were forc'd to retire 123 Octavio Lassani an Astrologer his prediction of the Duke of Savoy's death 94 Obelisks and triumphant Arches in Rome in joy of the Dauphins Nativity 125 Oxenstern Ambassador in France 112 The Outrages the French committed at Tillemont 112 P Paris in great fear 114 Parlement of England superiour to the Assembly of the three Estates of France in numbers and state 23 Perrons prudent cariage in the great Assembly 24 Pensions of the Crown of France 27 Pasquills upon the Gates of the Louur 40 Pasquill upon the Cardinals gates 168 Pasquill in Rome of the King and the Cardinal 168 The old Parlement of France turn'd now to an Assembly of Notables 74 Peace renew'd by the intervention of the Venetian and proclaim'd at Privas 'twixt England and France 88 Pignerol taken by the Cardinal 94 Pignerol sold to the French King 97 The Parlement of Paris suspends the verification of the Kings Declaration against Monsieur and is sharply rebuk'd 98 The Palsgrave prisoner in France releas'd and the Kings speech unto him 127 Philipsburg taken by the Spaniard 108