and the Mareschal de Gassion that of St. Venant both which surrendered not long after and thereby made us Masters of the River Lis. In the mean time the Duke of Guise went to take an exact view of the Town of Armentiers Not long after this the Sieur Mazerin of the Order of St. Dominique Master of the Holy Palace and at present Arch-Bishop of Aix departed from Rome for France The 7 of September the King went to the Parliament At the same happened a difference in the Convent of Reformed Jacobins in the new street St Honoré between the Parisians and Gascons of this Reformation these demanding to be separated from the other The affair was urged to such a point that the Queen Regent gave order to the Chancellor with certain Bishops and Councellors of State to compose it who ordained that there should be no separation that none of the Parisians might be sent into Gasconie and that there should be but 8 Gascons in the said Monastery four of which to be of the Province of St. Maximin and the other four of Tholouse The Town of Armentiers through which passes the River Lis and in which are about 6000 Inhabitants surrendered by Composition to the Mareschals de Gassion and de Rantzau on the 10 of December In the mean while by the mediation of the most Christian King a Peace was concluded between the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Sieur de la Tuillerie being sent Embassador Extraordinary on the part of his Majestie The 20th of September was concluded at the Castle of Fontainbleau the Contract of Marriage between Vladislaus King of Poland and Lowisa-Maria de Gonzague Daughter to the Duke of Mantua and Aunt to him now living The Contract among other things contained that the Princess Mary should have in the name of Dowâ—y two Millions and one hundred thouâ—and Livres of French money of which sum the most Christian King should pay six hundred thousand Livres in free gift and for the other fifteen hundred thousand Livres was to be valued her Title which she might have to succeed her Father in the Dutchy of Mantua The King Authorized this affair as her Father and the Queen Regent as her Mother who thereupon did signe the Contract On Sunday the 29th of October the Embassadors of Poland made their magnificent entry into Paris at the Gate of St. Anthony The pomp was so full of admiration to the eyes of all Spectators who fill'd the High-ways for the space of two Leagues from Paris insomuch that several Authors have in their Writings left us very ample descriptions of it I shall therefore dwell no longer on this particular of small consequence having so large a Subject of the Exploits of War and our Generals of Armies Let it suffice that the Embassadors were the Bishop of Varuic and the Palatine of Posnanie who the Tuesday following had Audience of their Majesties and afterwards of the Princess the designed Queen of Poland During these Secular Grandeurs the Church Triumph'd in three Conversions One was of Prince Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine Husband to the Princess Anne de Gonzague Sister to the Queen of Poland who abjured Heresie between the hands of Father Fore a Cordelier the 3d of November This was immediately preceded by that of the Marquess de Montausier who was made Governour of Angoumois and Xaintonge Afterwards in the moneth of July at the siege of Bourburg followed that of the Comte de Rantzau who as may be seen in the course of this History after many Exploits of War and in divers Combats having left himself but half a Body had notwithstanding a Soul remaining so sound and entire as to dispose himself into the Bosom of the Church in which affair also was employed Father Fore On the 20th of October the Town of Balaguier submitted to the Comte de Harcour Vice-Roy in Catalonia The 3d of September happened a great fire in the Town of Anger 's which begun in the house of a certain Pastry-Cook the Flame raged with such violence that it did much damage to many Houses this occasioned the concourse of many people to assist During the Bustle somebody advised to cast into the midst of the Flames certain little Scappularies of the Virgin of Mount Carmel with which action the fire was appeased and extinguish'd yet the Scappularies themselves no ways indamaged During this they murmur at Rome to see the Arms of France placed over the Palace-gates of Cardinal Barberin and Dom Thadaeo his Brother Prefect of the City But the Cardinal Barberin gave an account of the action to his Holiness On the 5th of November the Queen of Poland was espoused to the Prince Palatine of Posnanie representing the person of the King his Master The Ceremonies were performed at the Palace Royal by the Bishop of Varuic with permission of the Cardinal of Lions Grand Aumosnier of France and the Arch-Bishop of Paris And after Mass was celebrated the Feast Royal. And now the Mareschal de Gassion who commands the King's Army in the Low Countries cuts in pieces the Spanish Forces takes 19 Ensignes and 8 Cornets of Horse and 4000 Prisoners At the same time the French Army under the conduct of the Mareschal de Turenne takes Treves by Composition of which place the Comte de Laverne was Governour Afterwards the Arch-Bishop Elector of the Empire was restored to his possession This year the Assembly of the Clergy was held at the great Augustins in Paris And at the same time was finish'd that painful Work the great Bible which contains seven several Texts viz. the Hebrew the Samaritan the Chaldee the Seventy the Syriack St. Jerom's Translation and the Arabick The Work consists of ten Volumes and was perfected at the expence of the Sieur le Jay This admirable Piece being now compleated was presented to the King and Qu. Regent in the presence of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans Monsieur the Prince of Condé Monsieur the Cardinal of Mazarine and Monsieur the Chancellor Le Sieur le Jay received for recompence a Brieve to be Councellor of State and 2000 Livres of Pension The 27th of November Loüise-Marie de Gonzague Queen of Poland parted from Paris to finde the King her Husband with the Embassadors the King and Queen Regent accompanied her almost to St. Denis in France and bid her adieu before the Chappel of Clignancourt leaving with her the Sieurs de Rhodes and Sanctot great Masters of the Ceremonies the Sieurs de Berlise Conductor of Embassadors and de Linage Captain-Ensigne to the Regiment of Guards to conduct her to the Frontiers and to cause the same honour to be paid her in all places where she past as to the King and Queens own persons Having remained two days at St. Denis she past on to Senlis Compeigne Noyon and from thence to Peronne where she was received by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt the Governour Passing still further she rested in the middle of a Field where the Sieurs de
they have received from France endeavour with too much heat and precipitation a League Defensive with all the Potentates of Europe The King's Voyage into the Franche-Comte and Conquest of that Province during the Carnaval was a great action and the most glorious Enterprize that any Prince could possibly perform in less than 15 days The bare name and reputation of the Arms of this Monarch forced Spain formerly resolved never to acknowledge the King of Portugal to conclude a Peace with him and renounce the name and Arms of that Crown the 25 of February The meeting for Peace between the two Crowns of France and Spain being appointed at Aix-la-Chapelle the Treaty was concluded and signed the second of April though with a sensible regret from the French Army and Nation who desired nothing more than a continuance of War with the Spaniards But it was at the request of Clement the 9th that the King did yield to a suspention of Arms during the moneth of April and May in which he did more consider the good of Christianity than the Grandeur and Glory of his own person and Estates By this Treaty his Majesty kept his Conquests of the year past leaving to Spain that of the Franche Comte This great Monarch herein sacrifizing one of the bravest Conquests that ever shall be to the repose of his Subjects and this it was which he procured them in all his Rencounters The Alliances which soon after were concluded between the Dukes Maximilian of Bavaria Brother to the Elector and Mademoiselle de Boüillon and John Frederic de Brunswic-Lunebourg Married to the Princess Benedicta Palatine de Bavaria were of no small glory to France and Germany The Estates of Portugal now press Dom Pedro to receive the Title of King on the Abdication of his Brother Alphonso but not able to perswade him to that they extend his power equal to that of Royalty and in such condition he treats with all the Potentates of the World The King seeking all occasions to oblige his Holiness and the Holy Sea makes it his own request to demolish the Piramide heretofore erected against the Corses by the Treaty of Pisa The Marquiss de Crequy de Bellesons and d'Humieres were created Mareschals of France And on the 19th of July was performed an extraordinary magnificence at Versailles Great Honour was acquired by the Marquiss Ville in the defence of Candy the Marquiss de Saint André-Montbrun sharing with him the Glory of that Action These two gallant men have so signalized their valour in this Renowned Expedition that they have rendred their names Immortal The Nativity of the Duke of Anjou on the 5th of August occasioned much joy to the Court of France The ill Intelligence between the Queen of Spain and Dom John begun soon after the Peace the occasion that Prince's refusal to pass into Flanders he resolving to stay at Court as an obstacle to the Fortunes of Father Nitard The King judging the Letter circulary of the four Bishops sent about to all the others to unite them in resisting the Execution of the Pope's Breve which had named several Prelates to proceed against those four to be an irregular action did by his Arrest in Council and by the interposition of the Bishop Duke of Laon calm and asswage the greatest Storm which the Church of France had perhaps ever seen rais'd through the Vertues and Merits of some rare Spirits who with so much heat and obstinacy did oppose the Book of Jansenius from which approaching troubles this Illustrious Prelate found the way to dis-engage them with that sweetness and prudence wherewith he managed all things imprinting in their Hearts at the same time profound Sentiments of respect and submission for the Holy Sea By vertue of the Emperour's Mandate brought by the Marquiss de Bade the Electour Palatine on the 14th of December caused to be publish'd a Suspention of Arms and Cessation of acts of Hostility between him and the Duke of Lorain Anno 1669. The Portugals were overjoy'd at the Birth of the Infanta of Portugal which arrived the sixth of January This Princess was named by the Embassador of France after her Majesty Elizabeth-Maria Loüisa The Empress also was delivered of a Daughter the 18th following About the end of this moneth the Elector Palatine and the Duke of Lorain were obliged to disband their Forces to which his Majestie 's Arms under the command of the Mareschal de Crequy had compell'd ' em And now it was that his Holiness invited all Christian Princes to succour Candy and to which he applied his utmost as also to pacifie the Kingdom of Poland He sent also a Breve to Lisbon in confirmation of that Queens Marriage to Dom Pedro. About this time the Council of Spain resolved and took some pains to raise a Regiment of Guards to be always neer the person of his Catholick Majesty This Novelty was nothing pleasing to the Nobless and people it was also one pretence of the discontent of Dom John This Shrovetide was presented the Ballet of Flora composed of fifteen Majestick Entries Winter made the Overture with a handsome Speech the Sun who expell'd him chang'd the face of the Theater into a smiling Campagne This Glorious Planet accompanied with the Elements made the first Entry All the other parts were correspondent to this magnifique Spectacle where the beauty of the Machines the richness of the Habits and the Charms of the Ladies did not a little contribute to render this Piece into the number of the most glorious On the first of February the Ministers of the Empire Spain England Swede and the States concluded at the Hague the Treaty of triple Alliance the Swedes being to receive of his Catholick Majesty nine hundred thousand Livres In the beginning of the Spring the Duke of Beaufort and the Chevalier de Vandôme departed for Toulon there to hasten the Succours designed for Candy The Duke of Anjou was Baptized the fourth of March and named Philip by the Duke of Orleans and Madame representing the Emperour and Queen of Spain The Admiral Duke of Beaufort received from the Pope a Breve declaring him General of the Troops Ecclesiastick going for Candy to command in the absence of Dom Vincenzo Rospigliosi His Holiness having sent him the Standard of the Holy Sea The King of Portugal demanding to go into the Isle of Terceres he was convoy'd thither in the beginning of May by the Comte de Prado Dom John about this time made no unhappy Agreement He quitted Spain to Father Nitard reserving to himself the Title of perpetual Governour of the Low-Countries with the Vice-Royalty and Vicariat-General of Arragon Valancia and Catalonia with power to provide to all Offices and Benefices in the said places Prince Charles of Lorain and the Duke of Newbourg remain now the onely pretenders to the Crown of Poland Their Partisans take Arms and urge that affair to so great an extremity that they open the Eyes of the Polonois and the Prince Wiesnowiski being proposed to their election he was universally received and thus he happily ascended the Throne of his own Nation and of his Fathers the 19th of June Our Army having past from Toulon to Candy in fourteen daies that place being now extreamly prest and a fair occasion to charge the Enemy presenting it self Monsieur de Navailles sallied with the Army The Duke of Beaufort would assist with his own personal valour and courage in so brave an Enterprize The Chevalier de Vandôme shewed there his great Heart and resolution and that he was an accomplisht Souldier and Captain The Admiral having landed eighteen hundred men from Shipboard beat the Turks out of their Trenches and no doubt we had raised the Siege had not a panique fear frighted our men from so promising a Victory The Chevalier call'd to several Officers by their Names but ineffectually Fortune with much happiness and some difficulty brought off this young Mars from the Embarras of this sad Retreat But the Duke of Beaufort remain'd in the Field of Battle which he had won and which indeed he could never be made to abandon being there either slain or taken by the Ottomans Those many great Services which the Cardinal Duke of Vandôme had rendered to the King and State concluded with the pains he took to advance the Succours for Candy His Death arrived the sixth of August a loss for which the Courts of Rome and France and all Provence were not easily comforted The Dutchess of Vondôme who had been a perfect Example and Model of Vertue and Piety and the Queen of England youngest Daughter of Henry the great deceased the 8th and the 10th of September And now it was that the Prince of Tuscany finish'd his Voyage of Europe in France avowing that he had not seen a fairer Country than France nor a more admirable Heros than her King To conclude the Events of this year King Cazimir after he had seen another King Elected into his place quitted Poland and arrived in France where he was most splendidly regaled at Chantilly by Monsieur the Prince and Monsieur the Duke FINIS
Memoires Of the Affairs of FRANCE During the Reign of the present KING LEWIS the XIV CONTAINING The most noted Exploits of the now Prince of Condé the late Mareschal de Turenne and all the chief Commanders in the French Armies Done out of French Ex pede Hercules Licensed May the 10th 1675. Roger L'Estrange London Printed by J. C. for T. Dring at the Harrow at the corner of Chancery-lane in Fleet-street 1675. ADVERTISEMENT THis brief Account of many great Actions Translated out of the French History reduite en Sommaire may satisfie the Curious as to the Affairs of France under her active Monarch who now governs till a more elaborate History and consequently more correspondent to the Grandeur of its Subject gives a fuller and particular account to the publick 'T is possible some may think our Author writes with too much concern and interest of his own party such upon due consideration will acknowledge this the best or if you had rather the most janté of all the defects proper to that people and that the French are to be applauded in this particular more than some of their Neighbour-Nations that they always speak the best of their King and Country not seeking to finde fault with the Royal Conduct but to magnifie it rather more than less than the true merit of the Actions Historical Abbreviations though in a small Volume are not always of the least use for beside the Example of Justin the Epitomizer of Trogus among the Ancients we have in this our Age the judicious Dr. Heylin who with much judgement and fidelity has in this sort of Miniature drawn to the life the Tragical History of our late Soveraign of ever-Sacred Memory There is no need of a further Preface than onely to admonish the Reader that the Dates and Timing of things so oft occurring in this short History must be understood according to the Forrain or new Stile ten days more forward than ours Farewel J. 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Son of Francis Hollyoke the Learned Enlarger of Rider's Dictionary which said Dictionary is in great part already printed in a fair large Folio and will in a short time be finished and published and will contain above 6000 words in the English and 2000 in Latine more than hath been in any Dictionary yet extant Besides it will have the Phrases the Customs Habits and Ceremonies of Countries for the better understanding of the Latine Historians not only fit for School-boys but necessary and useful for all Students and Scholars whatsoever and will be sold by Tho. Dring at the corner of Chancery-lane in Fleet-street and others Goldman's Dictionary lately printed with large Additions in 4º and sold by T. Dring ERRATA PAge 11. line 22. read Tournon p. 19. l. 1. r. at the same time p. 67. l. 19. r composed it p. 71. l. 7. r. his Eminency p. 71. l. 11. r. deceased p. 79. l. 16. dele to p. 90. l. 13. r. disadvantagious MEMOIRES OF THE Reign of LEWIS the 14th The present KING of France Anno 1643. LEwis 14th Eldest son of Lewis 13th being in the fifth year of his Age succeeded to the Crown the 65th in number of our Kings The King never dies in France uno avulso non deficit alter Therefore immediately after the Court of Parliament had assembled the King was received accompanied with the Queen Regent his Mother Monseigneur the Duke of Anjou the King's Brother Monsieur the Duke of Orleans his Uncle and Monsieur the Prince of Condé where the Queen was declared Regent during the Kings minority and Monsieur the Duke of Orleans General of all the Forces No sooner was the King seated in the Throne Royal thereby to take possession of the Crown of his Ancestors but he saw himself under the shadow of victorious Palms brought from Rocroy by the Duke of Enguien General of his Triumphant Army On the 9 of May the Duke of Enguien having Rendezvouz'd his Troops on the Banks of the Oise and the Somme received advice that the Enemy under the command of the Count d' Isemburg had invested Rocroy the second past upon this intelligence he sends immediately the Sieur Gassion to give some diversion to their Attempts who on his arrival having made their chief Force draw together took that opportunity to put 100 men into the Town and this Succour gave the Besieged occasion to retake their Out-works which the Enemie had quitted The 18 of May was resolved on to relieve the place effectually to that end the Duke of Enguien assisted by the Mareschal de l'Hospital and the Mareschals of the Camp appeared with his Cavalry that day about two of the clock afternoon and immediately on his arrival caused his Army to draw into Battalia At five in the evening the Enemies Cannon began to play and cut off many of our men but they were soon answered by our Artillerie which appeared as the Lightning to that Thunder which was to follow The night coming on by order of a Council of War the dispute was deferred till next morning the 19
of May. During this interval a French Cavalier in the Enemies Army came over to ours and gives advice to the Duke of Enguien that General Beck was to arrive the next morning by 7 a clock with 1000 Horse and 3000 Foot to re-inforce the Enemy hereupon it was resolved to fight by break of day which no sooner appeared but the General having taken the Right wing of the Army and the Mareschal de l' Hospital the Left about a quarter of a League from Rocroy they disposed themselves to do their best The Enemies Army being composed of 25000 men viz. 17000 Foot and 8000 Horse the Infantry commanded by the Comte d' Isemberg and the Cavalry by the Duke d'Alberquerque and the Comte de Fontaines Mareschal General du Camp under Fancisco de Mello General for the King of Spain The French Army was 14000 Foot and 6000 Horse The Duke of Enguien having visited the several Divisions and encouraged the Officers to perform their Duty the Skirmish begins and 1000 Musqueteers of the Enemy are forced to give ground On the Left the Sieur de la Ferté-Seneterre charging the Enemy the Combat was so obstinate that he was Wounded in ten several places and taken prisoner though a while after rescued During this advantage the Enemy took our Cannon but the Mareschal de l' Hospital with his succours charged and recovered them again In this lively action he was wounded in the Arm with a Musquet-shot so that he was forced to leave the fight This accident gave the Enemy such advantage that once more they took our Cannon and used them against us but the Baron de Siron Mareschal de Camp of the Cavalry having a body of reserve rallies our men and stops the Enemie's success In the mean while our Right wing having routed the Cavalry attaques the Spanish Foot which she cuts in pieces In fine the Sieur Gassion coming up they are all put to the Rout. We lost there about 20 Officers and as many Wounded On the Enemies side beside a great number of Dead of lesser note the Comte de Fontaines was killed and the Comte d' Isemberg wounded to death and 6000 Prisoners among whom 200 Officers and 20 pieces of Cannon From this signal Victory which has insencibly carried this Discourse beyond its intended Bounds we will proceed to the Funerals of Lewis the Just the preparatives for which were made the 22 of July the day preceding ended the * A space of forty days during which time Prayers are continually made for the Dead Quarantaine during all which time the Queen-Mother remained shut up thereby to give place more opportunely to the sensible regrets for the loss of her Spouse Monday was appointed for the Funeral-Ceremonies at which did assist the Princes Prelates and Soveraign Courts of Justice The Kings Body was placed in the midst of a Chappel all flaming with Lights and the Solemn Service made at St. Denis in France where also the Body was deposited in the Vault of his Predecessors The 29th of July Madam the Dutchess of Enguien was happily delivered of a Son who bears the Name of Duke d'Albert The 2 of August the Duke of Beaufort youngest of the two Sons of the Duke of Vendôme was arrested and imprisoned in the Bois de Vincennes The Duke of Enguien after the Victory at Rocroy and the taking of Cirq returns to Paris with the Comte de Rantzau and on the 7th of October the King and Queen Regent were pleased to leave the Louvre to inhabit at the Palais Royal about which time also was sent to the Abbey of St. Germains desprez one of St. Placidus's Arms by the great Master of Malta which Relique was solemnly received by the Religious The Civil troubles in England continuing the Comte de Harcour was sent on the part of his most Christian Majesty to compose if possible the discontents between the King of great Britain and his Parliament but he found the Spirits of the Dissenters so little disposed that way that he returned without success About the same time a crew of Raskals at Rovergüe who took the name of * Croquans Devourers did raise a Tumult which notwithstanding was soon after supprest by the Comte de Noüaille As our Kings have alwaies had this advantage to give Laws to Strangers and not to receive them so also have they been constant Mediators of Concord among Christian Princes and particularly of the reconciliation of the Duke of Parma with his Holiness of which the Treaty was concluded at Paris and the Articles signed by the Cardinal Dongly Plenipotentiary for his Holiness and by the Cardinal Bichy Plenipotentiary on the part of his Majestie for the Duke of Parma In which Treaty he continued the Title enjoyed by our former Kings of Arbiters of Christian Princes A while after les Sieurs de Servient and d'Avaux Plenipotentiaries for his Majesty parted from France to conclude the Peace which in fine was presently effected The 21 of November Monsieur Lesoit Doctor and professor at the Sorbonne who for his singular merits had been named to the Bishoprick of Chartres was consecrated at Paris The Mareschal de Guebriant a Breton whose valour was signalized in the last King's Raign being now at the siege of Rothweil in Germany was wounded with a Faulcon-shot the 24th of November of which he died his Body being conveyed to Paris by the King 's express order his Funerals were performed with great solemnity Anno 1644. The Year 1644. was no less fertile in producing new Lawrels for France than the former But before we attempt to display these Victories it is not impertinent to observe by the by the Death of Anne de Montasie Widow of Charles of Bourbon Comte of Soissons Prince of the Blood and great Master of France who died at Paris aged 67 years she left by her Will 100000 Crowns to the Chevalier de Soissons Bastard-son to the deceased Comte de Soissons who was slain in the Battle of Sedan The Town of Gravelines was besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans who invested it the 6. of June assisted by the Dukes of Guise and Nemours the Comte de Harcour Eldest son of the Duke d'Elbeuf and the Mareschals de la Meleraye de Gassion de Cossé and the Marquess d'Alegre This Siege may be placed in the number of the most difficult such was the stout resistance of the besieged which notwithstanding had no power to stop the Victories of France Here in one of our Attaques fell the Marquess de Nangis In fine the Besieged under the Conduct of Ferdinando de Solis finding himself out of all hope of Relief which Picolomini had once made a shew of giving surrendered to the Duke of Orleans the 29th of July And at the same time died Vrban 8th after he had possess'd the Holy Seat 21 years Now also past an Arrest in the Parliament of Paris prohibiting all Physitians whatsoever except those of the University of
Rhodes Sanctot Berlize and Linage took their leave of her having first delivered her into the hands of the Comte de Buquoy General of the Spanish Army Hereupon a suspension of Arms was made for three days In the mean time the Sieur de Hoquincourt caused to be erected a Table for the entertainment of 80 persons Neer at hand stood six * Muid in French 3 of which make a Tun. Hogsheads of Wine with their heads knockt out The King of France's Health was begun by the Governour of Cambray the King of Spain's by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt and in like manner the Combat of the Glass continued till the Queens departure at which time the Comte de Buquoy presented her with a Company of 100 Spaniards for her Guard On the 4th of December the Fort Mardike which the French had took like Lyons the Spaniards surprized like Foxes When the Queen of Poland pass'd through the Country of Cologne towards Vtrec there was presented to her sight a Damsel named Anne Marie de Skurman a Virgin indowed with many handsome qualities she understood and spoke divers Languages as the Arabic Turkish Greek French and Spanish but above all Latine in which she would answer to certain questions of Divinity and Philosophie in presence of the Queen and Embassadors of Poland Among several other Works she has writ two Latine Epistles Translated into * By Monsieur Colletet one of the Academy French besides two other which she writ full of Eloquence in our Language to the Queen and to Monsieur the Cardinal of Richlieu who thought it not below them to answer her in the year 1638. This Damsel is accounted one of the Wonders of the Age. Anno 1646. The 6th of February in the year 1646. Cardinal Francis Barberin Dom Thadaeo his Brother Prefect of Rome with four of his Children and all their Train arrived in Provence having left Rome upon jealousie arising from certain ill actions on the part of their Enemies Cardinal Antonio their Brother came hither the moneth before In February Cardinal d'Est Brother to the Duke of Modenae was declared Protector of France in the Court of Rome whereupon the Breve was carried him by Monsieur the Abbot of St. Nicholas les Anger 's who at the same time parted from Paris for Italy The 14th of March upon a difference happening between the Religious de la Mercy and their Prior whom they refused to obey because he was a Gascon it was Ordered by solemn Arrest that the Gascon should remain Prior in regard the Gascons are French-men as well as the Inhabitants of the other parts of the Kingdom The 21th of February deceased at Paris M. Thomas de Gauffre Priest heretofore Master of the Chamber of Accounts who succeeded in the pious Offices of Father Claude Bernard in visiting the Prisoners and assisting the Poor and Criminals at their Execution His Body was buried at la Charité Le Sieur Juif Son of that famous Chyrurgeon not long since deceased succeeded him in those charitable Offices The displeasure which the Dutchess Dowager of Rohan had conceived at the Marriage of her Daughter Marguerite de Rohan with Messire Henry de Chabot now Duke of Rohan was grown to that height that it occasioned an Arrest in the Court of Parliament at Paris which was given at this time against Mr. Jacob Jolly Proctor of the said Court Tutor in the Cause of one called Tancrede The Arrest prohibited to the said Tancrede to call himself Son of the deceased Duke of Rohan or to take to himself the Name and Arms of the House of Rohan and to the Dutchess Dowager and all others to give him that quality under the penalties in the said Ordinance contained and lastly the said parties were condemned in the costs of Suit This was after Martinet the Advocate had pleaded with no less Learning than Eloquence for the Lady Marguerite Dutchess and sole Heiress of Rohan and Gaultire for Henry de Chabot Duke of Rohan neither Jacob the Proctor nor any other appearing for Tancrede In the moneth of April were publish'd certain Apologies in defence of the Cardinals Barberin who had refuged themselves in France and put themselves into the King's protection Before we pass any further let us deliver the Queen of Poland into the hands of the King her Husband she arrived at Warsow the 10th of March the Prince Charles Brother to the King met her she was presented to the King by the Comte de Bregy in the name of both their most Christian Majesties The Mareschal de Guebriant also made another Complement but the Queen offering to kneel as is customary to Queens when first they see their Husbands the King raised her with a kiss and embrace Presently after this the Apostolick Nuntio in his Pontificial habit confirmed the Marriage with the usual Benediction On the 7th of May the Cardinal Barberin went to the Assembly of the Clergy by way of visit where he was harangued by the Arch-Bishop of Thoulouse In the same Moneth of May Messire Philip Cospean Bishop of Lizieux and formerly of Nantes a Prelate of great Piety and Learning deceased in his own Diocess and in the 78 year of his age On the 7th of May the King made his first Voyage out of the Territory of Paris for Amiens where he was received with extraordinary joy At this time was decided by Arrest of the Parliament at Paris the Process formerly commenced touching the Interment of Secular persons in Religious Houses between Nicholas Mazure Doctor of Divinity of the Faculty of Paris Curate of St. Paul and the Religious Minimes of the Place Royal in which all the Curates of Paris joyned with him of St. Paul and all the other Religious with the Minimes The Arrest contain'd that always and as often as any particular person should chuse his Sepulture in the Church belonging to any Religious Men or Religious Women whether without or within the Parish of the Defunct the Curate or his Vicar with all his Clergy should conduct the Corps to the Church-door of the said Monastery where it shall be received by the Superiour of the place or some other of the Religious to that Office appointed after this the Curate or Vicar having certified that the Defunct died in the Communion of the Church he shall depart with his Clergy The Lights and Torches serving at the said Funeral to be equaly divided one moity to the Curate and the other to the Religious Prohibiting all Religious whatsoever to fetch and convey the Body of any Defunct desiring to be buried in their respective Churches unless in case of refusal by the Curates or their Vicars being first duely acquainted therewith and required to perform the said Office All this notwithstanding not to prejudice any agreements formerly made between any Curates and Religious Houses touching Interments the tenours of all which are to be duely observed and kept In England during this May the King left Oxford in
their Forces and Cromwel his Lieutenant who soon after on the acquittal of the former took to himself the whole Authority He made himself Master of Scotland Ireland and England he made and unmade the Parliament at his pleasure and in fine under the name of Protector of the Commonwealth of England he most Sacrilegiously usurp'd the Command of a King This year ended with the Peace between France the Emperour and Swede concluded at Osnabruc Anno 1649. In the year 1649 the King Queen and Princes leave Paris in the night between the fifth and sixth of January and retire to St. Germains The Parisians believing they intend to revenge their insolencies committed in the action aforesaid take Arms and rise in Troops by order of the Prince of Conty Hereupon the King seizes St. Denis Meudon Corbeil and Lagny This had no doubt occasioned a publick Ruine had not the Court of Parliament deputed several of their Members to his Majestie and obtained a general Amnestie which once more restored France to her former quiet Anno 1650. In January 1650 the Princes of Condé Conty and Duke of Longueville were Imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes from thence removed first to Marcoussy and then to Havre de Grace and restored to Liberty the 6th of February 1651. The Princess of Condé retired to Bourdeaux with the Duke of Enguien her Son where were also the Dukes of Boüillon Roche-Foucaut and de Turenne In this year the Enemy recovered Piombino and Portolongone le Catelet la Capelle and Vervins as also Mouson and Rethel which notwithstanding they kept not long Anno 1651. Nor was the year 1651 more fortunate to us seeing we lost then Furnes and Bergue in Flanders And now the Prince of Condé retires into his Government of Guienne neglecting to be present at the King's Majority which was magnificently celebrated the 7th of September Presently after his Majesty takes a Journey towards Bourges to stop the ill intentions of the Princes which place upon his approach they quitted with their Forces The King stops not in his designes but marches on towards Poitou takes St. Amand sends the Comte de Harcour to attaque Rochelle which the Comte d'Ognon held at the Prince's devotion and compels him to submit to obedience Anno 1652. In the mean time the Parliament at Paris declares the Cardinal Mazarin guilty of High Treason who retires for a while but not at all to remit ought of his care or occasion to serve his Majesty he raises several Troops and presents them to the King at Poitiers the 25th of January 1652 without having encountered any obstacle After this Anger 's is Besieged by the Duke of Rohan and compel'd to submit to the King's obedience together with le Pont de Cé And now the King intending to justifie his Minister sends a Declaration to the Parliament at Paris commanding that all the proceedings against the Cardinal Mazarin be forthwith brought over to him The King Besieges Estampes in which place the Army of the Princes was shut up but the Issue being not very advantageous to the Royal Army he was forced to draw off and invest Paris Here happened many Attaques on both sides after the arrival of the Lorainers though these last shun'd the Encounter as much as possible in such fort that they came not hand to hand till such time as they met in the Fauxbourg St. Anthoine at which Encounter it is believed there died more than 1000 men on both sides The Fight endured from seven in the Morning till three in the Afternoon The Prince of Condé did all that could be expected from a valiant Captain nevertheless had not Mademoiselle caused the City-Gate to be opened and the Cannon to be discharged from the Bastille the Army of the Princes had been utterly defeated Two days after this the disorder was so great in Paris that all people were forced to wear Straw about 'em as a mark of aversion to the Cardinal Mazarin After this they set fire to the outward Gates of the Hostel de Ville where 300 of the most noted Citizens being Assembled to consult of some means whereby to unite the City with the Parliament the Mutineers in order to destroy them all first Massacre the Sieurs le Gras Master of Requests de Janvry Counsellor in the Parliament Myron Master of the Accounts and several others as they came out from the Assembly The Sieur Doujat Counsellor of the Great Chamber and several other persons of Condition had run the same fortune had they not used Disguizes and by the favour of the night past unknown during this disturbance Two of the Factious were Condemned by the Sentence of the Parliament to be Hanged and were accordingly Executed in the Court of the Palace The Sedition grew to that extremity that even the Priests and Religious Women and Children were forced to wear Straw and thereby secure themselves from outrages nay the very Nuns who to shun the dangers of the Campagne sought refuge in this City if at any time they were seen in the Streets or Churches found themselves obliged to appear with this ridiculous Badge The Duke of Nemours about this time challenged the Duke of Beaufort they met with Sword and Pistol The Duke of Nemours fires but without further execution than onely to singe the Duke of Beaufort's Periwig but he in return fail'd not to kill his Enemy And now the people of Paris being pretty well tired with the effects of War begin to disgust the rule of the Princes and upon this occasion depute several of their Burgesses to Pontoise where the King then was to supplicate his Majesty to honour his good Town of Paris with his return This occasioned the retreat of the Duke of Orleans and flight of the Prince of Condé with his Troops Not long after the King returns to the City followed by the Mareschal de l'Hospital Governour of the place the Prevost des Merchands and the Eschevins who had been all constrained to absent and was there received with all the submissions and blessings which the people could possibly invent After this the King went to the Parliament which he re-unites with that part which he had lately establish'd at Pontoise And then and there also he publishes his Amnestie in favour of all those who had risen provided that by their returning to duty they made themselves capable of such a Grace But the Prince of Condé being retired into the Catholick King 's Dominions appeared in the head of an Army before Rhetel of which soon after he got possession as also of Chasteau-Porcien Sainte-Menchou and Bar. During the troubles at Paris the Spaniards knowing the Mareschal de Grancey to be absent from Gravelines lay siege to that place and take it before it could possibly be succoured on our part Those of Guienne finding themselves in such disorder by reason of the Princes party invite the King's Army to come among them commanded by the Count de Harcour who
retakes Barbesieux Pondesat and la Reole though the Baron of Vatteville was come into the River of Bourdeaux to assist the Princes on the part of the Catholick King who serving himself of the present troubles sent Dom John of Austria to Besiege Barcelona of which with much ease he became Master However the loss was in some sort repaired by the reduction of Mont-rond of which place the Mareschal de Palluau who Commanded at the Siege had order to cast down the Fortifications Towards the end of this Campagne the measure of our disgraces was arrived to that fulness as to loose also Dunkirk and Casal the first to the Spaniards the other to the Duke of Mantua The Cardinal de Rets Coadjutor of Paris having been arrested in the Louvre by the Sieur de Villequier was conducted to the Bois de Vincennes where having been detained for a considerable time was from thence conveyed by the Mareschal de la Mêleraye to the Castle of Nantes from which in the open day he escaped first to Belle-Isle and then to Rome The Marquiss of Vieville Super-Intendant of the Finances being deceased the Sieur de Servient and the Sieur Fouquet Attorney-General were joyntly put into the Office Also the Cardinal Antonio Barberin had the Office of Grand Aumosnier of France confer'd the 8th of April late void by the death of the Cardinal of Lyons Anno 1653. The year 1653. began successfully in Bourgogne Bellegarde is besieged by the Duke of Espernon Governour of that Province and in spite of the Marquiss of Bouteville's resistance who Commanded the place for the Prince of Condé he forced a submission to the Arms of his Majesty Rhetel Mouzon and St. Menehou not long after followed the same fortune But the taking of Rocroy by the Prince abated a little the publick joy for these advantages This Success was followed by the reduction of Bourdeaux and all the other Towns of Guyenne who had taken Arms in the Rebellion As also by the accommodement of the Prince of Conty and the Dutchess of Longueville who came in to the Amnestie but the Princess of Condé refusing to use that favour put her self directly on the way to Flanders with her son the Duke of Enguien Anno 1654. On the 19th of January 1654 the King being seated in his Court of Parliament at which were present a sufficient number of Peers Process was commenced against Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Condé which ended the 27th of March. About the end of May his Majesty took his Journey towards Rheims to be there Crowned and Anointed he arrived the third of June and being received by the Burgesses and Inhabitants with extraordinary testimonials of love he was conducted to the Cathedral of Nostre-Dame where the Bishop of Soissons attended him with the Quire and Canons of the Church The 7th following was performed that admirable Ceremony of his Anointing and Coronation by the said Bishop who in that Office represented the Arch-Bishop of Rheims At the same time the Town of Stenay was Besieged and forced to surrender to the King's obedience though the Prince of Condé did his utmost to relieve it But the Prince acknowledging the loss unavoidable immediately march'd the whole Force of the Spanish Army towards Arras to which he lays siege with 30000 men and all this before our Generals could possibly put into the place any Succours considerable Here he made a Circumvallation that seemed to defie all the force of the World notwithstanding the Lines that compassed it how dreadful soever were so vigorously attaqued by our Army sent to endeavour the relief that the Enemies were constrained to abandon their designes sufficient to intimidate any Nation but the French We gained by this flight of theirs which happened on St. Lewis's day sixty pieces of Cannon and all the Baggage of the Besiegers 'T is also possible they had all found their Graves on the place had not the Prince the Arch-Duke and other Chiefs having left him bestir'd himself more than ordinary to asswage the precipitate violence of the retreat The Mareschal de la Ferte-Seneterre desirous to end the Campagne as gloriously as it was begun and continued this year led the Body which he commanded before Clermont which he Besieges and takes In the mean time our other Chiefs observe the broken condition of the Spanish Army which all the Winter did nothing but onely threaten Quesnoy which place was so well furnish'd by the Marquiss de Chastelnau assisted by the Marquiss de Monpoüillon and the Chevalier de Maupeou that she found her self in no condition to fear her Enemies Anno 1655. The beginning of the year 1655 was remarkable for the decease of Pope Innocent 10th happening on the 7th of January after whose death the Cardinals entering the Conclave the 17th of the same moneth and there continuing till the 7th of April where all the Embassadors were also present to perform their Complements they elected to the Holy Seat Cardinal Chisi a Gentleman of Sienna as the most worthy in the Sacred Colledge he had been in all the considerable Offices belonging to the Chair of Rome and being now in the supreamest took the name of Alexander 7th His inclination to Peace gave hopes that he would procure it to Christendom provided he found the Spaniard as much disposed to it as France which hopes we have at length seen happily effected About this time the Duke of Guise arrived from Naples And the Court thought convenient to send into Portugal to purchase there a certain number of Ships for the King's service In May 1655 Monsieur the Prince of Conty Lieutenant-Generalissimo and Vice-roy for his Majesty in Catalonia took by Assault Cap-de Tiers and in July continuing the course of his Victories he took Chastillon and Saulsone No less glorious success had our Arms in Flanders than in Catalonia by the taking of Landrecy in the face of 35000 men which being all their force our Enemies had united if possible to secure this important place but the event rendered their endeavours to no purpose Following the course of our succesful projects in August the same year we took Condé and St. Guillain the King commanding there in person and having for his Lieutenant-Generals de Turenne and la Ferté-Seneterre In November following Peace was concluded and proclaimed between France and England the Treaty was made at Westminster Monsieur de Bourdeaux being Embassador from his Majesty to the said Republick During this year the Dukes of Mantua and Modena arrived in France to perform to his Majesty their several Homages Then arrived also his Enemy Cardinal Antonio Barberin Nephew to the late Pope Vrban the 8th named by his Majesty for his Grand Aumosnier in place of the decased Cardinal of Lyons Anno 1656. On the third of January being the Feast of St. Geneviefve 1656 Messire Matthew Molé Gardes Sceaux of France deceased about seven in the Morning after three daies sickness in the 72 year of his age during
Mareschals de Turenne and la Ferté to whose care his Majesty had left his Army to continue the glorious progress of their successful undertakings Having then first taken Moncassel they invest Gravelines under the conduct of Monsieur the Mareschal de Bellefons which place after a stout defence by the Besieged who fought in despair was reduced to a Capitulation as when taken from us at such time as the Spaniards made use of our Civil Wars The Chevalier de Hautefeville Captain of the Regiment of Guards entred the 31 day of the siege with three Companies of the said Regiment and the Sieur Davignan was the next day left Governour till further order The Spaniards foreseeing they were about to lose all that they had in these parts did their utmost endeavours to secure what they could possibly but the discreet vigilancy of Monsieur the Mareschal de Turenne did always frustrate their designes They were not able to succour Oudenarde which surrendered immediately to the French valour they were glad to take covert in Armentiers and Tournay for fear of being engaged to Battle where without doubt they would have been beaten since in all our Encounters Fortune had seemed to forsake them and to confer her Victories on us The King designing to visit Lyons arrives at Dijon where receiving some discontents from his Parliament he interdicts them immediately and pursues his Journey to Lyons at which place he was received with incredible joy from all people And here it was that he received the complements of Madame Royale who came to visit him with the Princesses her Daughters Also his Royal Highness of Savoy presented himself with a very considerable Retinue extraordinary well furnish'd Two days after his said Highness parted again for Turin but with a most entire satisfaction at the sight of our excellent Prince The Deputies of the Estates of Languedoc and those of Provence had Audience but the Embassador of Savoy had a particular one as also the Envoy of the Duke of Mantua Since in the beginning of the year all things did seem to concur to render the Lawrels of our young Mars more resplendant all people began now to talk of Peace To that purpose a Cessation from acts of Hostility was publish'd on both sides to the end they might have the more liberty to treat of the future tranquillity and this daughter of Heaven which God alone gives to his people after he has Chastized 'em was equally desired by both parties Monsieur de Lyonne then is sent into Spain and the Sieur Pimentel arrived at Lyons during the King's abode there this appeared a good and hopeful beginning since both Nations began of themselves to re-assume their former Traffique so long discontinued Anno 1659. Hereupon the Cardinal Mazarin accompanied by the Duke of Crequy the Mareschals de Villeroy de Clerembaud the Grand Master of the Artillery the Sieur de Lyonne and a great number of other Lords takes the way of the Frontier where Dom Lewis d'Haro chief Minister of Spain would meet him of France to confer together for the perfecting so great a Work The Truce was already prolong'd to further order but before they begin the Conference it was agreed that Monsieur de Lyonne should have Commission to meet and complement the Minister of Spain and Dom Antonio Pimentel to perform the like civilities to him of France Monsieur de Lyonne had order to propose to the Spaniards a Marriage between their Infanta and the King of France and in regard their chief fear was that in default of Male-Children to succeed to that Crown that Kingdom might fall to the King of France their Queens being now with Childe caused that apprehension to vanish and rendered them the more attentive to this Alliance Notwithstanding proceedings were for a time broken by reason of a difficulty presented on the behalf of the Prince of Condé whom the King of Spain would have comprised in the Treaty Cardinal Mazarin therefore writ to the Pope to perswade that King to wave the Prince's Interest and not for that to defer so precious a benefit to both Nations The Spaniards during this year were in as bad a condition with the Portugals and that made them the more easily incline to wave this Article The Alliance which about this time France had contracted with England and the interview of Madam Royale and his most Christian Majesty had given them sufficient cause of jealousie They went therefore seriously to work to effect the Treaty and during the Winter the King being returned to Paris Pimentel follows him thither and renews the Propositions of Peace and Marriage to which Cardinal Mazarin and D. Lewis d'Haro conferred the finishing hand These two great Ministers being arrived in the Isle of Phesants upon the River Bidassoa with a most magnificent Train after many notable Interviews and Conferences from the one part and the other at last signe the Treaty of Peace and Contract of Marriage between the Infanta of Spain and the King of France Notwithstanding the Publication was not made immediately that being reserved to render the ensuing year more August and Famous the present concluding with all dispositions requisite to our future hopes of an eternal happiness and a lasting Tranquillity to both Kingdoms which not a year ago none dared to promise or expect The Peace then being proclaimed his Holiness and all the Potentates and Soveraigns of Europe express'd their publick joys and satisfaction in those many feux de joye which they commanded their people to make through all their Dominions Anno 1660. The Peace was Register'd in Parliament the 12th of February the Chancelier being present and with universal applause and acclamations In England General Monke was so happy this year as to contribute very much to the Restauration of his Majesty Charles the second the lawful and undoubted Heir and Successor to that Crown To put a compleat end to a War which had lasted 25 Campagnes the King resolves on a Progress thereby also to compose for ever the Factions in Provence and reduce to reason certain Pirates of Marseilles who becoming petty-Tyrants did much oppress that important City The Duke of Mercoeur entred the place Sword in Hand at the head of the King's Light-horse The prudence and moderation of this Prince secured the Town from Pillage and he observed so much order and circumspection in this affair that he soon reduced the place to great obedience After this the King himself was received there with Volleys of Cannon and the joyful cries of Vive le Roy. During this Journey he caused to be demolished the Citadel of Orenge which heretofore had been the cause of much mischief to the Catholicks of the three neighbouring Provinces and was still suspected and withal charged the Prince of Orenge that hereafter he keep a more strong and able Garrison To secure the Marsellois from all fears of their past miseries the King caused to be traced out the Platform of a Citadel and
this for the future to contain the Nobless and Citizens in their duty His Majesty being at Aix with much joy and tenderness received the Prince of Condé at his return from the Low-Countries Their Majesties continuing their Progress through Languedoc were received most magnificently at Thoulouse and then at Bourdeaux passing from thence to Bayonne and so to St. John Luz they arrived in the Isle of Pheasants where was appointed the Interview of the two Kings and the glorious reception of Maria-Theresa d'Austria Inheretrix presumptive to the Estates of his Catholick Majesty The Pomp and Consummation of these so great and splendid Nuptials was very advantageous to the two Crowns The Ceremonies performed their Majesties take the Road of Paris and arrive happily at the Bois de Vincennes where for some daies they rest till the Queens most magnifique entry at Paris the 26th of August And now happens that horrid Earthquake at the Pyrenean-Hills which swallowing the hot Bathes there and several other places caused extraordinary terrour to the Inhabitants of all that Voisinage The decease of the Duke of Orleans at Blois the 2d of February did much abate our publick Joy and Triumphs their Majesties and all the Court being sensible of so great a loss Anno 1661. To put the Treaty of Peace in Execution and to determine the limits of our King's Conquests the Sieurs Courtin Master of Requests Talon Intendant of Artois and Parmentier Substitute to the Attorney-General were commissioned to treat with the Commissioners of Spain Vilteingh Colins and Anglanzey They had laboured much in these particulars a long while first at St. Omers then at Arras and lastly they concluded happily at Metz where they limited the Extents of Flanders Artois Hainault and Luxembourg and having worthily acquitted themselves in their Employ parted the 25th of November 1662. The Cardinal Mazarin did not long enjoy that Peace which he had procured to all France having been almost ever since indisposed The Fire which in the beginning of February happened at the Louvre and consumed the Gallery of Pictures that look'd into the Garden obliged his Eminence to forsake his Bed and retire to his own Palace where his disease continuing he was advised to change the Air which he did to Vincennes but all this was not of force to prevent his death on the 9 of March following to the great regret of the King and all his Creatures But the following Marriages of the Duke of Orleans with the Princess of England and the Prince of Florence with Mademoiselle d'Orleans caused the loss of this great Minister to be almost forgotten The Sieur Fouquet too intent on the encrease of his own Fortune was arrested at Nants the 5th of September and conveyed to Vincennes and from thence to the Bastille He was the first cause of the erection of the Chamber of Justice which has been so advantageous to those people that deal in these affairs by the detection of the wasting of the King's Revenues which they have applied to their own private uses and to the great Purchases which they have made in the Kingdom The extraordinary profusion in the Conduct of this Minister obliged the King to take some pains in the reformation of his own Estate We may say that hereupon he effected two wonderous things and by which he surprized the Polititians The admirable order and Oeconomy which he establish'd in his own house and the Military Discipline in his Armies in all which particulars he raised the Grandeur and Dignity of the Offices and yet made as well the high as low Officers themselves exactly subject to his own Authority and Power who all remain at present in their perfect duty and dependance The other thing is his having made himself so absolute a Master of all the Citadels and Fortresses of his Dominions so that the Princes and Officers of the Crown the Governours of Provinces and of particular places who heretofore made themselves of too great value and consideration are now in a perfect obedience He suppressed the Office of Super-Intendant of the Finances and certain * Officiers de l'Espargue Officers in his Exchequer and establish'd a Council and Treasury Royal where nothing can be proposed nor one single Sol paid out of his Coffers unless it hath been there first resolved and ordered But that which is most admirable is that his Majesty does himself consider and weigh all things as well of great as small concern whether far off or near necessary or superfluous His Manufactures and Buildings at the Louvre Tuilleries and other Houses Royal have found a place in that vast Spirit amidst the Citadels and other important places of his Kingdom War and affairs of State have not absolutely banish'd from his minde Pleasure and Magnificence But having first heard the serious discourses of the Mareschal de Turenne and the Sieur Colbert he is pleased to confer with our Illustrious Artisans le Brun le Nore and all those excellent Spirits who have the very genius and perfection of their several Arts. It seems about this time Spain was minded to try whether his most Christian Majesty's new form of Government would be maintained with force and vigour To this purpose the Baron de Batteville past an affront on the Comte d'Estrade at the entry of the Swede's Embassador Extraordinary at London And the Spaniards being the stronger killed some French on the 10th of October After this perswading the King of England that their Master had always acknowledged him and assisted against Cromwel they endeavoured to draw him into the quarrel of his Catholick Majesty Hereupon our King complains at Madrid and Bruxelles and calls home his Commissioners who were labouring with those of Spain about settling the Limits of Flanders In fine France came off with honour in this action and the Marquiss de Fuentes Embassador extraordinary from Spain made our King reparation and assured him that his Master had given order to all his Embassadors and Ministers to abstain and strive no more with those of France in all such Ceremonies and publick actions where they both happen to assist This was performed in the presence of eight Embassadors and 22 Residents The Nativities of the Dauphin of France and Prince of Spain the first and ninth of November was a new Blessing to both Nations Oh what disputes shall these Illustrious Competitors hereafter manage to maintain the Grandeur and Glory of their Predecessors The King resolving a new promotion of Knights of both his Orders a general Chapter was held at Fontainbleau about the end of December Here to the admiration of all men the Duke of Longueville demanded precedency of him of Vendôme scïlt the next place after the first Princes of the Blood but in regard of those Declarations which Henry the great granted for the Duke of Vendôme the 15th of April 1610 Registred in the Parliament of Paris the 30th of the same the Duke of Longueville's pretensions were utterly defeated The
Princes of Vendôme having by their Legitimated birth and in respect of Marriage priority above all other Princes and a power to succeed to the Crown before the Dukes of Longueville and all this is comprised in the said Declarations On the 30th of December the Novices marching before the ancient Knights the six Ecclesiasticks were first received into the quality of Commandeurs of the Order After them the 66 Knights Laicks The King began with the Princes of Bourbon and Vendôme but his Majesty not able to comprehend the pretensions of the Comte de Soissons and the Duke of Guise they were not received saying he would have them two go together and march with the Dukes of Mercoeur and Beaufort who by right of Birth and by the Declaration of Henry the Great take place after the Bourbons and ought to precede the Princes of Courtenay and Portugal when they are acknowledged and received into this Quality This was adjudged authentickly and with great and mature consideration of the Case and executed in the presence of the most Great and August Assembly of the Kingdom and in the sight of more than 100000 Witnesses all the people that were present at this so gallant action Anno 1662. The next day being the first of January the grand Ceremony was continued at the Augustins the Knights wearing the Collers of the Orders and the second being apparelled in Mourning-Robes they assist at a solemn Service for the Knights deceased at which was a most magnificent Representation a King at Arms placed at the Head and four Heralds at the Corners And now it was that the Portugals had so well defended themselves during this first Campagne that the Spaniards were forced to begin a new War On the 19th of January the Carnaval begun with a Balet consisting of nine entries at the Madame's in which to render it the more excellent was no omission of cost or pleasing objects The grand Ball was danced the seventh of February where the Grandeur and glory of the House of France was most lively represented with the fifteen Alliances which she had contracted in the Imperial Family The Treaty with the Duke of Lorain in which he released all his Estates to our King under divers Conditions reserving however to himself the Possession was verified the 27th of February At this time the Portugals contracted a strict Alliance with England giving their Infanta Tangier and other advantageous Conditions to Charles the second for his defence and assistance against the King of Spain The Succours which they drew from thence France have establish'd that Crown against all the efforts of his Catholick Majesty On the 27th of April Peace and a Renovation of the Alliance betwixt France and Holland was concluded and signed after a Negotiation of eighteen Moneths It was on the 18th of June following that the famous Carrousel or Triumphant Combat on Horseback began It was composed of five Squadrons or Companies That of the King were all apparrelled in the ancient Roman habit That of the Duke of Orleans represented Persians the Prince of Condé Turks the Duke of Enguien Indians and the Duke of Guise the Savages The party of the Prince of Condé gain'd the Prize and received a Diamond from the Queen-Mothers hand The attempt late made at Rome the 20th of August on the persons of the Duke and Dutchess of Crequy by the factions of the * The Pope's Guards Corses and * Serjeants Sbirres against the Law of Nations and the cruel and unjust persecution rais'd against the French caused the Duke Cesarini and the other Partisans and friends of this Crown to oblige the Embassador and his * L' Ambassadrice in the Original Lady to quit the City and retire into the Estates of Tuscany and so return into France The Church and indeed all Europe found themselves much scandalized at so soul an action much blaming the Fauters and adherents of this capital Crime which made so great a noise and in the end was determined in a Treaty The Marquiss Mathei a chief Minister and Plenipotentiary of his Imperial Majesty was expell'd from his service for having unknown to him and without his agreement accepted the Office of Commander of his Holiness's Arms. The Emperour and our King were at this time reconciled by the mediation of the Marquiss de la Fuente the Comte Fuensaldagne having laboured in that affair four years without effect And their Majesties gave mutual testimonies of affection and sincerity by several Letters which this Embassador exchanged in the moneth of September Great joy appeared in France and Spain at the birth of Madame at the Louvre the eighteenth of November This Princess was * Ondoyée Christened privately by the Cardinal Antoine in presence of the whole Court and the 27th of December the publick Ceremony of her Baptism was performed by his Eminence she being named Anne-Elizabeth by the Queen-Mother and the Monsieur She deceased the 30th following and her Body was conveyed to St. Denis About this time a Courier arrived to inform the King of the delivery of Dunkirk the Fort of Mardike and the greater and lesser Fort of Bergue and that his Troops were entred Presently upon this news his Majesty sets out for the place where he made his entry the second of December and returned again the sixth with the same diligence that at first he had taken the Voyage accompanied with the Duke of Enguien and Duke of Beaufort this last but lately landed from giving chase to the Pirates of Barbary This year was made happy in a conclusion of Marriage between the Duke of Savoy and Mademoiselle de Valois The Ballet of the Arts consisting of seven Entries was danced the first time at Madame's where was present the Prince Eldest son to the King of Denmarke Anno 1663. The Duke of Crequy's return into France and the reduction of Benevento in the Estates Ecclesiastick the 14th of March into which place the Prince de la Ricca had retired contrary to his word past to the Vice-roy of Naples for having killed an Artisan and debauched away his Wife had much alarmed the Court of Rome who through a panique fear had made several Levies which again were disbanded as suddainly Which occasioned a certain Cardinal to say * Qu'elle possedoit la Science des Contre-temps That they plaid at cross purposes having raised Arms no-body knows against who and laid 'em down again not considering where they have made Peace The Ceremony of the Nuptials of Mademoiselle de Valois and the Comte de Soissons Proxie to the Duke of Savoy was performed at the Louvre the fourth of March by the Cardinal Antoine the seventh following the Princess departed for Savoy About the eighth of June Dom John who had promised to himself the Conquest of Portugal was beaten in a set Battle at Evora by the Comtes of Villaflora and Schomberg recovering also at the same time the said Town and all the other Conquests of
that Prince during the last Campagne The Ottomans having formed a designe against the Empire and being as yet in no very good condition to attaque it propose an Accommodation In the mean time the Premier-Vizier followed by 25000 Janizaries 30000 Spahys and 40000 men drawn out of Asia 15000 under the Bassa of Bosnia 14000 under him of Silistria 8000 other Janizaries and 12000 Spahys under their General Ali-Bassa 6000 under him of Waradin 9000 under Michel Abaffi 12000 of Moldavia and Valachia and 25000 who quartered neer the Grand Seignior's person at Andrinople enters Belgrade the 18th of June as a Conquerour Besieges and takes Neuhasel the 27th of October besides that the vast body of such an Army did ruine Nevutrade Novitrade and several other places This year his Majesty renewed the desires of the deceased King and his own for the recovery of the Commanderies of the Order And surely the Estates ought to be restored after so much care and concern which these two great Monarchs have shewed for that most lawful and just Restitution Marsal was invested by the Comte de Guiche the 17th of October this Mareschal had given order for the siege but the King's arrival in eleven days and the humble submission of Duke Charles who restored the place to the perfect obedience of his Majesty fill'd the Court with joy as also the Birth of a Prince of Tuscany the ninth of August The Duke of Beaufort being returned into the Mediterranean Sea continued his usual course in performing many brave actions and taking considerable Prizes all which the King expected from his valour and courage The Conversion of the Duke of Meklebourg occasioned the King to confer on him his Orders of Knighthood and to do him several other publick Honours not usual to any but Soveraign Princes He is descended of the Kings of the Vandals and from the Herules The Embassadors from the Cantons of Swisserland having been treated at Vincennes with a magnificence truly Royal made their publick entry at Paris the ninth of November with so great a splendor that there was found more than 1000 Coaches in their Train The eleventh following they had Audience of the King who took each of them by the hand and remained * Convert but I suppose rather uncovered Covered during the Harangue of the first Embassador to which his Majesty answered with much joy and tenderness The Ceremony of the Renovation of the Alliance was performed at Nostre-Dame where the Cardinal Antoine approaching the place in which his Majesty was then seated and having placed the Book of the Gospels before him the King put his hand thereon with the Embassadors while the Sieur d'Ormesson read the Oath After this Te Deum was sung and the Cannon discharged The Deputies of Avignon arriving to assure the King of the Fidelity and Zeal of that place were presented by the Sieur de Lyonne and had Audience the 24th of November in the Grand Cabinet Not long after this the Duke of Enguien espoused the Princess Palatine Anne of Bavaria Their Majesties were pleased to grace the Marriage-feast with their presence The bridegroom-Bridegroom-Duke Duke dined at the Princess Palatine's his Mother-in-law who regaled the Princes and Princesses with extream magnificence At Supper the King and Queens were entertained at a Table of sixty Dishes and six distinct Services all nobly furnished On the 14th of December the King was pleased to declare in Parliament his pleasure to bestow the quality of Duke and Pair on fourteen persons whom he esteemed most worthy of that Honour as well by birth as merit and these were the Dukes of Vernüil d'Estrées de Gramont de la Méleraye de Mazarin Villeroy Mortemar Crequy Saint-Aignan Foix Liancour Tremes Noailles and Coaslin The Articles of Marriage between the Emperour and the second Infanta having been publish'd the 18th of the instant December the Contract was signed by the Count de Pelting Embassador for his Imperial Majesty The 27th of December deceased at Turin Madame-Royale much lamented by her people and the Court of France Anno 1664. With much displeasure did France and Italy behold the death of the Dutchess of Savoy which happened on the 14th of January and not long after that of the Arch-Duke Charles-Joseph the Emperour's Brother to the no less sorrow of Germany and Spain The first Representation of the Ballet of Loves Disguize was performed the 13th of February by a most delightsome contest between Pallas attended by the Virtues and Arts and Venus by the Graces and Pleasures to accommodate the dispute Mercury directs them to the King whose Arbitration they also desire and submit to Here the Scenes were so many and compleat the fourteen Entries so splendid the Habits so extream rich the Speeches and Poetry so charming the Dancers so graceful and exact that in effect this grand Divertisement became most admirable And now our Troops appearing on their march in Modena and Parma the Marquiss Mathei findes himself obliged to visit that Frontier and renew his Orders to his reformed Officers of those Forces which he had lately raised This also gave occasion to revive the Conferences at Pisa between the Sieur de Bourlemont Plenipotentiary for the King and the Sieur Rasponi on the part of his Holiness which at last were happily ended by the Treaty of Peace concluded the 12th of February where his Majesty the Dukes of Parma Modena Cesarini and the other Partisans and Friends of France received all satisfaction It contained among other things that the Corses were declared incapable to serve for the future in Rome and the Estates Ecclesiastick And that a Pyramide should be erected directly opposite to their Corps-de-Garde with an Inscription containing the Decree against ' em This War first made known to the Court of France the persons of the Cardinals d'Este Maldachini and Imperiale The third of March the Duke of Beaufort parted from Toulon with seven Vessels to give chace to the Pirates of Barbary who he had always defeated and made Prize of in many Encounters The Peace of Italy obliged his Holiness to assist the Emperour with 2000 Horse and 6000 Foot And it was ordered at Ratisbone that they march with diligence in regard the Ottomans were incredible for number The 7th of May the King celebrates a great Feast at Versaille which lasted three days under the Title of the Pleasures of the Inchanted Island It began with running at the Ring and here the Marquiss de la Valliere received the Prize The second day was represented a French Comedy intermingled with Musick Poetry and Entries of a Ballet and the third a Ballet upon the Water and artificial Fireworks The Cardinal Chisi during this Legation in France made choice of the Sieur Visconti Auditor of the Rota for his Datary the Sieur Bucinocorsi Clerk of the Chamber for his Major-domo the Sieur Roberti for his Secretary and for his Protonotary the Sieur Colonna son to the Prince de Carbognano He was received the 12th
held over the Font for the King of England by the Duke of Enguien who named him Philip-Charles and by Mademoiselle for the Queen He deceased the eighth ensuing Anno 1667. The Queens happy delivery of a Princess on the second of January was a joyful Newyears-gift to all France and welcomed with the Ballet of the Muses adorn'd with many Entries and Dialogues This served for a pleasing Divertisement all the Carnival appearing always different by reason of continual new Embelishments and Scenes The Grand Seigneur having now resolved and disposed all things necessary for the important Siege of Candy sends the Grand Vizier to make the necessary preparations for the siege and to assemble in the Isle 40000 men and 15000 Pioneers he held it in a manner invested round with Batteries and Attaques in which he wrought from December to the 27th of June at which time it was besieged with great vigour and resolution and extraordinarily well defended by the Marquiss Ville and those Troops and Succours which the Venetians had sent him On the seventh of February the Pope made a promotion of four Cardinals the Duke of Vandôme the Arch-Bishop of Saltsburg the Duke of Monstrate and the Sieur Delphino and names Roberti Spinola Visconti and Caraccioli who were reserved in petto since last year The several Musters of the King's Troops and in particular that of Oüilles the Feasts and Triumphs at Versailles and those noble Divertisements of running in * Courses de Quadrilles Squadrons and such other delights surprized the Spaniards and their Embassador who became perswaded we past a whole Campagne thus And now the War between England France and Holland growing towards an end Breda is chosen for the place of Treaty at which place the several Deputies meeting conclude a Peace the 31 of July On the 20th of April the King went personally to the Palace to cause there to be verified his new Ordinance by which he reforms and regulates Judicial proceedings On the tenth of May deceased the Queen of Poland and on the 22 Pope Alexander the 7th to whom succeeded Clement the 9th both which have sustained the Grandeur and Glory of the Church with much Majesty The Marriage of the Duke of Guise with Mademoiselle d'Alençon was celebrated the 15th of May. The next day the Court departed to put the Queen in possession of her Rights late fallen to her in the Low-Countries the reasons of which are publick in Print The march of our Armies gave the Alarm to Flanders and Holland and obliged the Marquiss de Castel-Rodrigo to demolish several places that wanted sufficient Forces to defend ' em We begun at Armentiers and his Majesty having past as far as Charles-Roy caused the Fortifications to be repaired After this he forces Tournay to surrender the 24th of June and Doüay the sixth of July On Dunkirk-side the Mareschal D'Aumont with another Army takes Bergue and Furne and invests L'isle where the Siege was carried on with much vigour his Majesty being always in action and going the Rounds continually This Town was taken after a Siege of seventeen daies and nine from the first opening the Trenches The Comte de Broüay who demanded four daies was much surprised to finde the King answer with a denial and within three hours after force the place to surrender This proposition from that Governour obliged our Monarch to lie that night at Arlebec He ordered the Comte of Lislebonne to march with the Lorain Forces and joyn the Marquiss de Crequy and Bellefonds and then to meet the Enemy which they did so happily as to defeat the Prince de Ligne and the Comte de Marcin which staggered all Flanders His Majesty was ready to assist and remained about a quarter of a League from Gand sleeping in his Coach that night at the head of the Bridge over the River of Bruges to back and assist his Army in case of occasion The Town and Citadel of Courtray was also taken with Oudenarde and Alost which being retaken by the Enemy was soon after recovered again by the Mareschal de Camp General and demolish'd The Empress being delivered of an Arch-Duke their Majesties sent the Marquiss de Guitry to congratulate the Court of Vienna who notwithstanding enjoy'd not long that happiness The Estates and People of Portugal about this time forced their King to renounce the Government which they conferred on D. Pedro his Brother also Commissaries are appointed to examine the complaints of the Queen as to a Nullity of Marriage The Divertisements of Shrovetide began with a Masquerade call'd the Carnaval consisting onely of seven Entries The first overture was performed by a Speech but the Dialogue between Carnaval and Gallantry with an admirable Consort of Musick gave wonderful satisfaction to the Spectators Anno 1668. On the 21th of January Madame was Baptized at the Tuilleries and named by the Dutchess Dowager of Orleans and the Duke of Enguien Maria-Theresa The same day was the Cardinal Duke of Vandôme conducted to have Audience from their Majesties by the Sieur de Saintot Master of the Ceremonies with a very great Train The King having desired the Pope to be Godfather to Monseigneur the Dauphin the news appeared most agreable to his Holiness who therefore prefer'd this Illustrious Cardinal to those of his own Bloud and Princes extreamly dear to him conferring on him to that purpose with much joy his Power and Authority and that of the Holy Seat which in truth he managed and sustained with great Honour giving the King to understand that it belonged to his Holiness represented in his person to Name the Prince Dauphin and to the Bishops of France to pay to the Holy Seat and to his dignity all due respects and submissions In fine the Dauphin was named Lewis and the Ceremony performed at St. Germains the 24th of March. The Baptismal Honours were carried by the Bourbons and the Duke of Vandôme bore up the Train of the Prince's Mantle-Royal taking place immediately after the Princes of the Bloud The Dispensation which Monsieur the Legat granted for a second Marriage of the Queen of Portugal with that Prince was an extraordinary piece of State and good Fortune France and that Crown have as much cause to praise the Conduct of that action as the Council of Spain just occasion to appear troubled who under colour of giving to that Prince a Daughter of the House of Austria would by that means very subtilly have made themselves Masters of that Kingdom The Duke of Beaufort and the Chevalier de Vandôme in the thirteenth year of his age embarqued themselves with intentions to make a descent into Spain but the ensuing Peace and a violent Tempest concurring put a stop to the designes of our great Admiral who notwithstanding could not but admire the assurance and courage of this young Prince At the same time the Hollanders apprehending some fears from the progress of the King's Arms into their neighbourhood and forgetting all the benefits
disguise being there Besieged by the Parliament-Forces and fled to the Scots who shewed him no part of that due reception which belongs to their King but sent him under a strong Convoy to Newcastle to which place also the King of France sends the Sieur de Montreüil to reside neer him and reconcile him to the Parliament On the 9th of May the Comte de Harcour lays siege to Lerida where in our first Attaques we lost the Comte de Chabot and the Marquiss de Gévres Sons to the Comte de Tremes On the 14th of June the Town of Courtray in Flanders was taken by the French Army notwithstanding that Duke Charles Picolomini and Lamboy made a shew of Relief In Italy the Town Orbitello in Tuscany was besieged by the Prince Thomas Here our Admiral Commanding a Fleet on the part of the Besiegers was killed by a Cannon-shot in a Naval fight In fine Prince Thomas was forced to retire the Enemies Forces being augmented by fresh succours July 8th the Prince of Wales Eldest son to the King of England arrived at Caën in Normandy and from thence directly to the Queen his Mother at St. Germain en Laye The 13th of July died Messire Roger de Bellegarde Duke and Pair of France and Grand Escuyer aged 83 years and 7 moneths and the 26th of the same moneth died also his Brother Octavius de Bellegarde Arch-Bishop of Sens. His decease was preceded by two other Prelates viz. Messire Abra de Raconis Bishop of Lavaur in Languedoc and Messire François de Pericard Bishop of Eureux Longuvy the onely place that remained in the Duke of Lorain's Territories was taken about this time by the Marquiss de la Ferté Seneterre The Assembly of the Clergy ending about the 30th of July Messire Jean François Paul de Gondy Arch-Bishop of Corinth and Coadjutor in the Arch-bishoprick of Paris made an Harangue to the King in the name of all the Clergy And now Messire le President Believre was sent Embassador into England where he had favourable Audience by the Parliament at London the 27 of July and the first of August by the King at Newcastle In the beginning of August the Fort of Mardike was Besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans the brisk Attaques which we gave took from us at the very first the Chivalier de la Füeillade le Sieur du Terrail of the same Race with Captain Bayard and three days after the Comte de Fley and the Chevalier de Fiesque The Duke of Nemours was Wounded by a Musquet-shot in his Leg but without hurting the Bone and as favourably the Prince de Marsillac Eldest son to the Duke de la Rochfoucault The 22 of August the Sieur de Grignan had his Head taken off by a Cannon-shot This resistance by the Besieged enflamed the Courage of our party and the mouth of the Channel being stopt by six ships of Holland so that the Besieged were forced to receive all their Relief from Gravelines to which they had been as a Bulwork Mardike finding her self so severely prest began to Parley the Besieged were received to Composition by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans and the chief Articles were that 3000 men then and there in Garrison should come out Life and Baggage safe but should remain Prisoners of War The place thus taken the Sieur de Chalen was made Governour The 6th of September the Comte Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie Embassador extraordinary from Swedeland arrived at Paris where he was extream kindely received by their Majesties and lodged at the Hostel de Vendôme In the mean while News arrives at Court that on the 17th of September his Holiness at the Kings Instance had restored those of the House of Barberins to their Goods conditionally that the two Cardinals should abide some while at Avignon At the same time the Mareschal de Bassompierre aged 68 years dies suddainly at Provins Dunkirk which hitherto had been the receptacle of Pirates who had continually scowred the Seas on all the Coasts of France was Invested by the Duke of Enguien on the 17th of September and assaulted so vigorously by our Souldiers excited by the courage of their Commander that on the tenth of October it surrendered by Composition The Marquiss de Leide the Governour march'd out with 1500 men of which 400 Sick and Wounded and he confest to have lost 600 of his best Souldiers The Mareschal of Rantzau succeeded to the place of Governour for the French Dunkirk was first built 600 years since by Baudoüin Earl of Flanders After that it was burnt down by the English in the year 1388. Rebuilt by the French and after taken by the Spaniards who kept it till the present Conquest The King's Army in Italy commanded by the Mareschals de la Mêleraye take the Town Castle and Citadel of Piambino in Tuscany at which time Monsieur the Marquiss Villeroy the King's Governour received from the hands of their Majesties the Oath of Mareschal of France Portolongona a place scituated in the Isle of Elb lying in the Tuscan-Sea between the Continent of Italy and Corsica which was heretofore usurp'd from its own lawful Lord by a Captain of the Emperour Charles the 5th in the year 1548. after that delivered into the possession of his son Philip the 2d and whose Successors held it ever since was now Besieged and taken by the French Army In the midst of this Island rises a Spring on this account the more admirable that its Waters are observed to hold proportion with the length of the daies of the year in such manner that when they are at the longest the Stream is able to drive a Mill but when at the shortest 't is almost dry Lerida in Catalonia having been besieged by the Comte de Harcour for the space of 7 moneths was relieved the 21 of November in the night by the Marquiss de Leganez General of the Spanish Army who forcing our Lines with 7000 Foot and 3000 Horse our party though at the first they made a stout resistance encouraged by the Valour of their Commander yet finding themselves o'repower'd by the number of the Enemy were constrained to retire but in good order into Cerveres with 6000 Foot and 1000 Horse by that means to secure the Country We lost there the Comte de Origny In revenge of this action the Sieur de St. Colom-Marin Mareschal of the Field took from the Enemy the Town of Arbera the 6th of December following The 26th of the same moneth Madam la Dutchess of Orleans was happily delivered of a second Daughter The same day the 26th of December being the Feast of St. Steven Henry de Bourbon Prince of Condé deceased at Paris aged 58 years and three moneths he left two Sons and a Daughter the * Formerly called Duke of Enguien Eldest of which makes no inconsiderable part in the French History of these last years by reason of his many Renowned Exploits of War Sieges and Battles in which things
Marquiss d'Aietone prepared to fight us and with designe to engage them marches towards Belpouche about three hours journey from Lesborges between Lerida and the Enemy but perceiving them to retreat towards Lerida he sends the Marquiss de la Trousse to intercept their way and follows himself upon their Rear The Enemy who thought of nothing but a safe Retreat to Lerida and now seeing themselves encompast by the Mareschal de Gramont's Forces prepare for fight and they had undoubtedly beat our party had not Monsieur the Prince seeing the hazard advanced and stopt their success but by the favour of the Night which came on apace they repast the Segre with the loss of seven or eight hundred men cut in pieces by our Forces We lost there the Sieur de Lupes St. Remy a Captain de Serre a Cornet and some Common Souldiers The 24th of October Tutavilla Governour of Terragona presenting himself again before Constantin was again beaten off by the Troops of Monsieur the Prince of Condé and the diligence of the Sieur de la Baume Governour of the place This year 1647. concludes with the Duke of Guise's entry into Naples the Neapolitans who of a long time had been opprest with the Spanish Yoak having invited him and put themselves under his protection during his abode at Rome Embarquing then the third of November attended onely with his Aumosnier and the Gentleman of his Chamber he arrived happily at Naples the fifth and was there received with incredible joy of the Inhabitants who had made a shift to defend themselves to that present against the Spanish Domination notwithstanding their many Conspiracies and had also expel'd all those whom they suspected of the Spanish Faction Here the Machinations of the other party were so great and dangerous that the Duke run many hazards From the year 1280 in which happened the Massacre of the French in Sicily under Charles of Anjou first of that Name and Brother of St. Lewis to the time of René d'Anjou Naples had been the constant Field of Battle in all the Contests between the Houses of Anjou and Aragon as is observed in the course of the French History where we may see how Charles the 2d succeeded to his Father in that Kingdom and after his death his son Robert Afterwards about the year 1344 Joan the first of that Name Daughter of Charles a Son of the said Robert succeeded to the Crown of Naples Joan ending her life by a sad and shameful death Ladislaus son to Charles of Durazo succeeded about the year 1387. and remained in possession of the Kingdom of Naples till his death Ladislaus dying Joan the 2d his Sister succeeds in the year 1417. who finding her self continually molested by those of the House of Aragon declares René d'Anjou her Heir and Successor about the year 1435. But whether it was that his own peaceful Inclinations or the Inconstancies of the Neapolitan humour stop'd his designes is uncertain this is apparent he never did any thing effectually towards the Conquest of that Kingdom to which his Birth-right did call him This gave opportunity to Ferdinand son of Alphonso to seize the Scepter notwithstanding John Duke of Calabria son of René attempted though in vain to recover the right of his Grandfathers But Charles the 8th King of France undertook this Enterprize with such a courage that all Italy lay open to his Arms and having first made his entry into Rome he was received at Naples with extraordinary magnificence in the year 1494. Charles after this retiring into France and Lewis the 12th extending his Conquests to Milain Francis the first desiring to extend them still further at such time as he Besieged Pavie divided his Army and sent half for Naples but his being taken Prisoner on the 24th of February in the year 1525 put a period to those designes From that time to the present Naples ever remained under the Dominion of the Spaniards And this last Change being so notorious we have made this short recapitulation of the several vicissitudes of that Kingdom From the time of Francis the first to Lewis 13th and Lewis 14th so happily raigning at present the power of Spain was arrived to that point that in fine it seemed all Europe should speak no other Language than Spanish but God whose Dominion extends over all Monarchies hath in a few years diminish'd the swelling extent of this which now of late begins by little and little to fall within its ancient limits But to return to the Duke of Guise after this little digression and observe some of the principal actions which at that time he performed in those parts we must know then in short This Prince on his arrival perceiving how much the people were oppress'd by the Spanish Dominion in the first place dispatches several Couriers to all those Towns which he conceived most material to contribute to the overthrow of their Authority and after he had duly disposed of all things by his rare Conduct he visits the said places severally and takes an exact view of all their Ammunitions after this he raises 26000 men which he distributes into three Bodies And at the same time Salerne falls off to the Republick Hereupon Dom John of Austria and the Duke of Tursi arrive in Naples with a Counter Force to stop the peoples Mutinies but they having joyn'd Policy and Address to the Arms they had levied the Spaniards could not possibly prevent their Choice of our Prince for Duke of the Republick and Generalissimo of all their Forces But since events of War are so uncertain and what seems most assured often wants success Fortune was so indulgent to the Spaniards that our Duke was taken Prisoner by Tutavilla at the Pass of a little River and this was the utter ruine of the Neapolitans designes Anno 1648. Let us now return to France The King and Queen Regent his Mother having been at Chartres to pay their Vows to our Lady return to Paris the 27th of March 1648. In April the Generals of our Armies prepare for a new Campagne expecting the usual Progress in adding to their former Conquests Accordingly on the 20th of August his Majesty obtained a signal Victory before Lens where the Prince of Condé Commanding in chief took Prisoner the General Bek who died soon after of his Wounds This had filled all France with joy had not an unexpected accident disturbed the Feast On the 26th Te Deum was sung in the Cathedral of Nostre Dame at Paris and on the same day the Sieurs de Broussel and de Blanc-mesnil were Arrested which caused a great disorder through all the City till by the Queens bounty in restoring their Liberty it was appeased In the moneth of January the same year the Rebels of England had the horrid Impudence to Condemn their King to the Scaffold After that forbid the having any other King for the future and changed the Government to a Republick Fairfax was declared General of
of May at Marseilles with extraordinary magnificence the like through all the Kingdom till he arrived incognito at Fountainbleau where he was received by the King at the entrance into the Queen-Mothers Cabinet des Bains Afterwards he made his publick entry at Fountainbleau the 18th of July and at Paris the ninth of August and returned to Rome with the same Pomp and magnificence that at first he arrived in France Germany was at this time much Alarmed at the raising the siege of Canise and at the loss of the Fort of Serin The Primier Vizier had defeated the whole force of the Emperour's Army and had it not been for the assistance of the French Forces there commanded by the Comte de Coligny the Consternation of that action had been extream The Comte de la Fueillade signalized his valour on this occasion who arriving the 15th of August defeated more than 10000 Turks on the Raab where they lost 150 Colours and sixteen pieces of Cannon which were planted on the other side of the River and all this notwithstanding the Gross of their Army was not far distant This great success obliged the Turkish General to march towards Gran there to joyn 20000 men and thereby put himself in a condition to repair his said loss and shame and also more effectually to secure that place and Newhausel He call'd back also those Troops which had already past the Vaag to wast the Countries of Moravia and Silesia in order to his designe of extending his Conquests to the very Walls of Vienna and into the Hereditary Countries of the Emperour But this Rout obliged a Truce between the two Empires and the Enemy to decamp the 29th of September The Enterprize of Gigeri did not a little contribute to effect this so also his Majesties designe to render Africa and her Kings free and Christian and to establish in that part of the World Commerce and the Law of Nations This had been truly a most Heroick action and to the great profit of the whole World It had had no doubt a favourable success had the generous resolution of the Admiral Duke of Beaufort been followed For the victorious are always obliged to fight and conquer and they never take root in a strange Country otherwise than by continual Combats and Battles which make 'em fear'd and casts the people into so great a consternation that in fine they are glad to submit to the discretion of their Conquerours The Duke d'Ossonne continuing the War in Portugal with no better success than Dom John the Spaniards strive now to raise a more puissant Force than ever under the command of the Marquiss de Caracene About this time the English offered several acts of Hostility to the Hollanders and prepare for a War The Parliament raise two Millions and a half of pounds sterling to manage it they do much damage on the Coast of Guiny and New-Holland and their Fleet which scour'd the Seas had order to see that no English were aboard any Dutch Vessel and if they found any or if they refuse to be search'd to fight ' em The 16th of November the Queen was delivered of the Princess Mary-Anne of France who deceased the 26th of December This year the Venetians were at rest le Marquiss Ville having visited all the places of that State and left 'em in good order The Chevalier d'Hoquincourt with onely one Ship fought gloriously against 33 Turkish Gallies sunk five and much indamaged the rest The King desirous that Justice should be done in the most remote Provinces of his Kingdom establish'd a Chamber of Justice in Auvergne where the President de Novion did well answer the choice which his Majesty had made of so learned a person to preside there on Grand days Anno 1665. The Ballet of the Birth of Venus was now danced It was the Invention of the Dutchess of Orleans to whose conduct his Majesty had remitted the manage of this affair It consisted of two parts both beginning with excellent Dialogues and Speeches The first by Neptune and Thetis and the second by the Graces It contained also twelve Majestick Entries all which was augmented with a Masquerade of ten Entries The Spanish Army now consisting of 10000 Horse and 20000 Foot that King refuses the Mediation of the King of England as to a Peace with Portugal supposing the War with Holland would sufficiently employ that Prince and prevent his assisting the said Kingdom In the mean time the States of Holland license all private persons to equip out what Vessels they can to cruze about and do what mischief they can to the English whose Regiments they also casheered hoping thereby to repair the damage they sustain by the rupture of Trade The Admiralties on both sides strive who shall equip the most potent Navy and prepare for a vigorous defence The English having made Prize of 160 of their Vessels But that which surprized the whole World was that notwithstanding this they joyn'd their force against those of Alger The Bishop of Munster's taking Arms and the Intelligence he had with many Princes of Germany obliged the Estates of Westphalia to assemble and the Hollanders to stand upon their guard They also desire the Hanse-Towns at the same time not to furnish themselves with any English Merchandise in like manner as his Majesty of Great Britain had obliged them not to receive any out of Holland And the better to defend themselves they oblige Valdee and the Brunswic Troops to secure their Frontiers About this time the House of Austria laboured unsuccessfully to match one of their Princesses to the Duke of Savoy thereby to draw him off from our Alliance on which condition they offered to joyn Alexandrin to his Estates and several other advantages which the Bishop of Laon did not approve He therefore demonstrated to this Prince that solid Goods are of far greater consideration than empty appearances and that his Marriage with Mademoiselle de Nemours would settle his Estate and House which indeed ought never to be separated from the Interests of France He had before this taken much pains to conclude a three and twentieth Alliance between the Houses of Savoy and France of the Duke of Nemours and Mademoiselle de Longueville This Prince did what he could to dis-engage himself and procured the said illustrious Prelate to be Install'd Arch-Bishop of Reims And now it was that the King sent into England the Duke of Verneüil to endeavour a Reconciliation between his two neighbour-Nations and prevent a cruel War But they met the 13th of June and Victory seemed doubtful for a while till at last she declared in favour of the Duke of York the Hollanders loosing their Admiral Opdam and 17 ships At the same time the King Solemnized a great Feast at Versaille After which his Majesty did proscecute with much assiduity a former designe to unite the two Seas by the Rivers of Guyenne and Languedoc The Battle of Villa-viciosa this year did much abate