Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	duke_n	king_n	poland_n	2,753	5	11.6962	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56069	A prospect of Hungary, and Transylvania with a catalogue of the kings of the one, and the princes of the other; together with an account of the qualities of the inhabitants, the commodites of the countries, the chiefest cities, towns, and strong-holds, rivers, and mountains. Whereunto is added an historical narrative of the bloody wars amongst themselves, and with the Turks; continued to this present year 1664. As also a brief description of Bohemia, Austria, Bavaria, Steirmark, Croatia, Dalmatia, Moravia, Silesia, Carinthia, Carniola, and some other adjacent countries contained in a mapp affixed hereunto: in which mapp all the places that are in the power of the Turk have a crescent, or half moon over them; and those in the possession of the Christians have a cross.		1664 (1664)	Wing P3808; ESTC R222509	39,973	58

and Silver amongst the People Which done the King went by a Gallery from St Martins Church to another called the Deschausses where after they had read the Gospel he made two and twenty Knights Then being attired in his Royal Ornaments and the Crown upon his Head he went to Horse and was brought to a bank of Earth which he leaped thrice over and then he flourished his Sword thrice in the air in form of a Cross which done he returned to the Castle where the Feast was prepared The Germans discharged The Ceremonies being over he was forced to deprive the Germans of the Dignities Charges Estates and Offices which they held in Hungary and so having pacified the Country and reduced under his Crown that which the Christians held there he returned to Vienna Thus in the space of seven Moneths he caused himself to be Crowned King of Hungary and to be acknowleged Archduke of Austria and Marquess of Moravia Botzkay a little before his Death declared Valentine Hamonnai for Prince of Transylvania But the Transylvanians not pleased therewith chose Sigismund Rakoczi Rakoczi Prince of Transylvania who was very desirous to have evaded it but they forced him to Clausenburg and made him assume the Principality the Turk also consenting and confirming him therein About this time Matthias King of Hungary held a Diet at Cassovia where Sigismund Rakoczi as Prince of Transylvania did him Fealty and soon after resigned the Principality to Gabriel Bathori He resigns to Bathori wherein he shewed his great modesty in declining the Soveraignty and transfering it to an other when he was so beloved and honoured by the People Jesuits wickedness Shortly after by the instigation of the Jesuites Matthias infringed and invaded the Hungarians liberties about their Religion but the Electors of Saxony and other Protestant Princes arming themselves in their behalf overruled Matthias whereby they were suffered to live in Peace Then did Radulo the Vayvod of Walachia refuse Homage to Bathori whereupon he raised a very great Army and it came to a Battel betwixt them wherein Bathori was totally routed and forced to fly into the Mountains Matthias King of Hungary taking advantage of this his overthrow seized upon Clausenburge and some other strong Holds that belonged to Bathori yet shortly after Bathori raising a new Army beat the Kings General out of his Dominions and forced him to hide himself in the Woods of Bohemia after he had suffered very great extremities yet Bethlem Gabor was by the Great Turk made Prince of Transylvania which so enraged Bathori Bathori murthered that he committed great ravages amongst the People and at last being forced to fly from Clausenburg to Varadine he was there murthered Bethlehem was immediately owned by the Transylvanians Bethlem Gabor succeeds and confirmed by the Great Turk and Matthias who was now Emperor his Brother Rodulphus being dead shortly after died also leaving his Crown to Ferdinand the second who the next year was Crowned King of Hungary at which time three Suns appeared in the Heavens portending the Wars and mischiefs which shortly after ensued Ferdinand after his Coronation being excited thereto by the Jesuites brake the Articles of Peace made with Botzcai and recalled the Jesuites in hatred to the Protestants Presently after also the States of Bohemia being wronged by him in their liberties both Civil and Religious Frederick chosen King of Bohemia conferred the Kingdom upon Frederick Prince Elector Palatine the Issue whereof is so well known to all that I need say nothing of it Anno Christi 1624. Ferdinand Ernestus the eldest Son of Ferdinand the second in his Fathers life time was Crowned King of Hungary at Ovarum and at the same time Bethlehem Gabor married Catherine the Daughter of John Sigismund Marquess of Brandenburgh at Alba Julia and 1626 Bethlem advanced with an Army into Hungary to joyn with Count Mansfield and the Duke of Saxon Weymar but hearing that forty thousand Tartars his Confederates were slain in Poland he made peace with Ferdinand and retreated into Transylvania and not long after dyed Gabor dies whereby all the places granted to him in Hungary reverted to the King After the Death of Gabor Rakoczi chosen Prince of Transylvania George Rakoczi was made Prince of Transylvania by the Election of the People and confirmed in it by the Turk At which time the King of Hungary sent Esterhasius the Palatine of Hungary with a great Army to possess himself of Transylvania but Rakoczi being now setled sent an Army into Hungary that met with Esterhasius and overthrew him and took severall Cities the Grand Signior also sent him ten Thousand men in testimony of his affection to him who wasted the Countrey all about yet the Emperor not willing to fall out with the Turk sat still Ferdinand de Gratz dies Jesuites wickedness Anno Christi 1636. Ferdinand the second died and left all his Dominions to his Son Ferdinand the third which change probably would have brought Peace to Hungary and Transylvania but the Jesuites wrought new troubles and the Catholick Nobles of Hungary grutched that the Protestants by the late Wars had procured some things in favour of their Religion and the Lutherans had built a very beautifull Church in Presburg The Emperor incensed hereat sent to prohibite them and disallowed his former concessions The Protestants hereupon had recourse to Rakoczi who was offended with the Emperor upon this account There was found at Varadin in the Vault of Ladislaus and Sigismund some Treasure together with a Crown Scepter and Jewels one being a Diamond of a vast bigness that shone like a Torch there being a curse added to any that should presume to meddle with them till some extream necessity should require it These Ferdinand sent for and Rakoczi refused to deliver them Another thing that widened the difference was this Some Hungarian Nobles turned Catholicks and others that were such got Lordships where the Protestant Religion was professed and these took upon them to restrain them from the exercise of their Religion and took their Churches from them and placed Priests in them These irregularities Rakoczi complained of to the Emperor desiring him to remove them and to observe those immunities and priviledges which he and the Estates had confirmed to the Protestants and whereas the Emperor had caused three hundred of the Protestant Churches to be shut up he desired that they might be restored to them But the Emperor slighted him and put him off with delays Hereupon Rakoczi proclaimed open War against the Emperor Rakoczi proclaims War against the Emperor raised an Army of seventy thousand with which he invaded Hungary publishing a Manifesto to justifie his proceedings He took in divers Castles and forced Cassovia to a surrender To stop his Progress the Emperor sent an Army of twenty thousand men under Count Bucaine but the Hungarians daily falling to Rakoczi the other did little or nothing In the mean

sixth Anno Christi 1660. George Rakoczi the younger succeeded him who died the last Winter 1663. Radus was by the Great Turk made Prince of Transylvania in the life time of Prince Rakoczi upon some distaste that he took against him for assisting the King of Sweden in his expedition into Poland But when Rakoczi was dead the Turk laid asides Radus as unfit for his turn whereupon one Barkay a Creature of the Turks made himself Prince of Transylvania whom the Turk Protected and supplied with forces against Remini Janos the right successor of Rakoczi whom many of the Transylvanians received for their Prince This Janos fought Barkay and made a great slaughter of his men But at last being oppressed with the number of his enemies he left Transylvania and retreated to Tockay Anno Christi 1661. Not long after Barkay falling into disgrace with the Great Turk he put him down and preferred to his place one Apassi who is now living Anno Christi 1664. A brief Description of those Neighboring Countries which bound upon or are neer unto Hungary and are contained in this Map Sclavonia Described Sclavonia described SClavonia is bounded on the East with Servia Macedonia and Epirus On the West with Carniola On the North with Hungary On the South with the Adriatick Sea It 's so called from the Sclavy a People of Dalmatia It contains in length from Arfia to the River Drinus about eight hundred Italian Miles and in breadth about three hundred twenty five of the same miles the longest day is about fifteen hours and an half in Summer The Country abounds with most of those commodities that are found in Italy to which it is little inferior The Commodities of it It yields Wine and Oyl in great plenty and hath good store of Cattel and some wild Beasts It hath also some rich veins of Gold and Silver The Northern parts are Mountainous cold not yielding Wine or such fruits as require heat yet they yield good Pasturage and breed a race of Sheep that have young twice a year and are shorn four times The Sea coast yields store of Fish and very good Havens The People are couragious proud stubborn The quallities of the People and untractable of strong bodies and constitutions able to endure much drudgery wherein they are imployed by the Venetians The Christian Faith was first planted here about the time of Charles the Bald Emperor of the West Anno Christi 877. Then Religion Sueropilus being the first of their Kings that embraced the Gospel In the Eastern parts towards Greece they embrace the Religion of the Greek Church and in the Western towards Italy that of the Romish Church The Mahumetan Religion in those places which are subjected to the Turks The Sclavonian Language is common to them all The Chief Mountains in this Country are called Scardonici The mountains and rivers the Chief Rivers are 1. Varieca which parts it from Dalmatia 2. Arsa that bounds it on the West And 3. Drinus that bounds it on the East 4. Narento not far from Epidaurus This Country was anciently called Illyria or Illyricum and is subdivided into Windismark Croatia Bosnia Dalmatia and Contado Di Zara. Windismark described Windismark is bounded on the East with part of the Lower Hungary On the West with Carniola or Krain Windismark described On the North with the River Dravus and on the South with Croatia The Chiefest Towns in it are 1. Windisch greits The chief Towns seated on the Dravus 2. Sagona neer unto the Savus 3. Gradischa on the South And 4. Zagabria on the also South of the same River 5. Novigrod on the Savus neer to Germany 6. Petrowya at the foot of the Mountaines which are between the Savus and the Dravus and divide Hungary from Sclavonia 7. Sissag or Sishaken situate on the Savus over against Zagabria where it receiveth the River Zulph famous for the defeat here given to the Turks Anno Christi 1593. who hoped by the Conquest hereof to open a free passage for themselves into Germany for which end they sat down before it with a great Army but the Town held it out gallantly till it was relieved by the Germans who slew of the Turks eight thousand in the place and most of the rest were drowned in the Savus as they fled hastily from the Conquering Sword This Province is much of it under the House of Austria as Kings of Hungary to which Crown it belongs but the North and East parts of it now groan under the yoke of the Turk Croatia described Croatia described Croatia is bounded on the North with Windismark from which its parted by the River Vna or Wana On the East with Bosnia On the South with Liburnia or Contado di Zara On the West with Carniola the Country for the most part is cold and mountainous yet resonably fruitful having necessary provisions for the life of man and would yield far more profit to the Inhabitants were it not for the ill neighbourhood of the Turk to whose Tyranny and oppressions it is enthralled the People are good Souldiers and are called Crabats The chief Towns The Chief Towns in it are 1. Masch or Mosth bordering upon Germany 2. Ostrowits a strong Fort on the same Frontire 3. Wihits by the Dutch called Bigihen the Chief Town of the Country standing like an Island in the River Vna and strongly fortified by Art yet was it taken by the Turks Anno Christi 1591. 4 Zeng 5. Wackat 6. Tarnow 7. Modrisch Part of this Country is held by the House of Austria and the other Part by the Turks Bosnia described Bosnia described Bosnia is bounded on the East with Servia On the West with Croatia On the North with the River Savus On the East with the Lower Hungary and on the South with Dalmatia The chief Towns The chiefest Towns in it are 1. Jaitza or Jaziga situate on the top of an high Hill the bottom whereof is almost compassed with two Rivers which there uniting pass into the Savus The Town by reason of the steepness of the Hill the unfoardableness of the River and the inaccessible Castle is counted impregnable 2. Warbasoni the Chief Town of the Country but unwalled 3. Cazach 4. Schwanica 5. Dorobiza the first Town taken by Mahomet the Great in his Conquest of this Kingdom 6. Clyssa This Country did formerly belong to the Crown of Hungary till it was surprized by the Turks Anno Christi 1464. Dalmatia described Dalmatia Dalmatia described is bounded on the East with Albania from which it 's parted by the River Driso On the East with Variecha which divides it from Liburnia On the North with Bosnia and on the South with the Adriatick Sea Places of most note in it are 1. Sebenic The chief Towns on the Sea shoar 2. Salona 3. Spalato a Sea Town and an Archbishops See Of this See was Marcus Antonius de Dominis who seeming

Bishops-staffe one of the most Southern Towns in all this Tract Maximilian the late Duke of Bavaria out of his zeal to Popery sided with Ferdinand the second Emperor of Germany in his Wars Anno Christi 1620 and was General of his Armies against Frederick Count Elector Palatine chosen King of Bohemia In which having done great service to the Imperial and Roman interest he was by the said Ferdinand invested in the Upper Palatinate together with the Electoral dignity which at first was conferred upon him but for his life yet did the Electors of Menz Saxony and Brandenburg then Protest against it But afterwards in a Diet at Prague Anno Christi 1628 the Electorship was setled upon him and his Heirs for ever wherein he was also confirmed in the Treaty of Munster and the Palatine was made an eighth Elector The Kingdom of Bohemia described Bohemia dscribed Bohemia is compassed about with Woody Mountains sometimes part of the Hircinian Forrest It 's bounded on the East with Moravia On the West with the Upper Palatinate and Voitland On the North with Misnia Lusatia and some part of Silesia On the South with Parts of Bavaria and Austria It contains in compass about five hundred and fifty English Miles The Commodities The Soil is indifferently fruitfull and enriched with Mines of all sorts but Gold Tin they have in good plenty which was first found out there by a Cornish man banished out of England Anno Christi 1240. They have great store of Wood and in some of their Forrests a Beast called a Lomie which hath a Bladder under it's neck full of scalding water with which when he is hunted he so torments the Dogs that he easily escapes them of Corn they have sufficient but no Wine the air being sharp and piercing It yields store of exellent Safforn The Rivers The principal Rivers are 1. The Elb or Albis having it's Spring here 2. Egra 3. The Muldaw and 4. The Warts which three last empty themselves into the Elb which runs through the midst of the Country The best Captain The famousest Captain was Zisca who in eleven Battails fought against the Pope and his Confederates in the defence of the Hussites In all which he prevailed and went away victorious Insomuch as at his Death he willed the Bohemians to flea him and make a Drum of his skin the sound whereof would drive away their enemies The best Schollars they had The best Schollars were John Huss and Jerome of Prague both burnt at the Council of Constance Anno Christi 1414. They learned their Doctrine from the Books of Wickliff brought thither by a young Schollar who had been a Student in Oxford Towns of most note in Bohemia are 1. Budweis The chief Towns towards Austria 2. August neer the head of the Elb. 3. Tabor a strong Town built by Zisca to be a place of retreat for his Hussites thence called Taborites 4. Jaromir 5. Molmuck both upon the Elb. 6. Littomissel a Bishops See bordering upon Moravia 7. Pilsen the last Town taken by the Imperialists in the War about the Crown betrayed to Tilly for mony by some of Count Manfields Souldiers in his absence 8. Elbogen situated on the River Egra much esteemed for it's Baths 9. Egra upon the same River A strong Town upon the borders of the Upper Palatinate It s a large City of three miles Compass having a sweet air elegant buildings a pleasant site and a rich Soil Superior in these things to Prague it self 10. Prague Prague described the Metropolis of the Kingdom seated in the middest thereof upon the River Mulda It consists of four several Towns each of which hath it's several Customs Laws and Magistrates The principal is called the Old Town adorned with goodly Buildings a spacious Market-place and a stately Counsel-house The second is called the New Town separated from the former by a deep and wide Ditch The third is called the Little Town divided from the Old by the River Mulda joyned to it by a beautiful Bridge consisting of twenty four Arches and in this part is the Hill Rachine on the sides whereof are many fair and stately buildings belonging to the Nobility and over them is a strong Castle and Pallace for the Kings place of residence The fourth Town is that of the Jews wherein they have five Synagogues and live after their own Law The whole City is rather large than fair the streets in Winter dirty and yielding an ill smell in Summer and it 's but a weak place In it is a University Neer to it was fought that Battel between the Duke of Bavaria and Bucquoy for the Emperor Ferdinand the second on the one side with fifty thousand men and Frederick newly Elected King of Bohemia and the Prince of Anhalt and Count Thurne with thirty thousand men on the other side wherein the Imperialists prevailed the young Prince of Anhalt Thurne Saxon Weimar and many others were taken Prisoners the Kings Ordinance surprised and Prague forced to yield to the Conquerers and the King and Queen of Bohemia were driven presently to fly into Silesia Moravia described Moravia described Moravia is bounded on the East with Hungary On the West with Bohemia On the North with Silesia and on the South with the Lower Austria and the River Teja It 's the most fruitful place for Corn in all Germany and hath much Frankincense which as other doth comes not out of Trees but grows out of the Earth The chief Towns Places of most note in it are 1. Olmunts on the River Mark wherein is a small University 2. Brinn on the River Schwats the seat of the ancient Marquesses and divers others about which there is nothing memorable In this Country neer Silesia is the Spring-head of the River Odera Silesia described Silesia described Silesia called by the Dutch Schlesi is bounded on the East with Poland On the West with Lusatia On the North with Brandenburg and on the South with Moravia It 's wholly encompassed with Mountains except on the North which lets in a sharp air upon them and the Midland is full of Woods The chief Towns The Chief Cities are 1. Jagendorse 2. Munsterberg 3. Glatz the last Town that held out for King Frederick 4. Glogaw a strong Town on the River Odera 5. Niesse on a River so named a Bishops See 6. Breslaw in Latine Vratislavia a Bishops See on the River Odera It 's well built populous and well contrived with open and even streets 7. Oppolen upon the Odera well fortified both by Art and Nature having a strong Castle in it c. The Arms of Hungary are Barre-wise of eight pieces Gules and Argent A famous story About the year 1600 Ferdinand de Gratz who was afterwards Emperor was Governour of Steirmark Carinthia and Carniola He married Mariana the daughter of William Duke of Bavaria which Lady was such a Jesuited Papist that she would not enter into the limits of his Dominions until they were purged of Here ie and Hereticks as she called them and till the Liberties granted to those of the Augustine Confession were taken away which accordingly the Arch-Duke by the perswasion of the Jesuits did abrogate and by Oath obliged himself to the Pope that he would severely prosecute all the Protestants which were within his Dominions Papish cruelty and inhumanity and accordingly he either banished them or Plundred and Murthered them which was prosecuted with such cruelty and inhumanity by his Popish Agents that they blew up their very Churches with Gun-powder and raged against the very bones of the Dead not suffering them to lie quietly in their graves which are common and allowed to all men insomuch as what the Turks had spared was not spared by them At the demolishing of their Churches in Gratz they digged up the Body of William Zimmerman an eminent Protestant Minister of that place and threw it into the River Mur. Against these outrages the Protestants pleaded the Treaty at Passaw and challenged the Oath and Faith plighted to them by this Arch-Duke himself by which in the year 1581 he confirmed his Fathers agreement with the States during which space of above eighteen years he had received from them the Summe of nine hundred thousand Florens of the Rhine is the price of their Liberty of Conscience yet nothing would prevail to stop his violent proceedings against them But Ferdinands success was answerable to this Injustice For about this time he was engaged in the siege of Canysia held by the Turks wherein he was assisted by Aldobrand the Popes Legate with his Italian Forces and by the advice of Sigismund Count of Thurne there were none suffered to be listed in their Army but Roman Catholicks lest the presence of any Protestants should cause the enterprise to miscarry The Governour of Canysia at this time was Hasanes who with eight hundred men and as many more from Zigeth and Buda that through the negligence of Orphus Gailonius Ferdinands General of the Ordinance gat into the City he defended it resolutely This Orphus whilst he was busie in filling the ditches with wood from the adjoyning Forrest was shot with a Culverin bullet and killed The Turks made frequent and vigorous Sallies wherein they killed many and though the Emperor Matthias sent six thousand men to assist and animate his Cousin yet was the Siege spun out till Winter came which with Frosts and Storms enforced them to leave their Station a thousand Horsemen being frozen to Death in one night They were also worn out with Snow Hunger Weariness and Watching in attending the Active and Inductrious Enemy so that they were faign with dishonour to raise their Siege and that in such hast that they left all their Ordinance for a prey to the Turks who presently after their departure slew all their sick and wounded Souldiers that they left in their Camp and thus it pleased God to preserve the Protestants whom they would not admit into their Army and the blow fell upon them who were the Persecutors of them FINIS NEWLY EXTANT KNOWLEDGE PRACTICE Or a Plain discourse of the chief things necessary to be KNOWN BELIEVED PRACTISED in Order to SALVATION Very useful for Private Families By Samuel Cradock Sould by William Miller at the Gilded Acorn in St Paul's Church-yard

they Elected for their King But upon the Emperors great successes in Bohemia against Frederick Prince Elector Palatine Gabor relinquished his right and hearkned to a Peace Anno Christi 1618. Ferdinand the third the Son of Ferdinand the second was chosen and Crowned King of Hungary in the Life of his Father Anno Christi 1637. And succeeded him in the Empire and Kingdom of Bohemia Ferdinand the fourth the Son of Ferdinand the third was Crowned King of Hungary in his Fathers life time Anno Christi 1646. And died before his Father Anno Christi 1653. being but two and twenty years old Leopold Ignatius his Brother the Son of Ferdinand the third was also Crowned King of Hungary in his Fathers life time Anno Christi 1653. and is now living An account of the Controversies which have happened in the Kingdom of Hungary since the Peace that was made with the Turks Anno Christi 1605 to 1663. The controversies which happened in Hungary as well for Religion as for the charges and Commands in Armies were the causes of many and great mischiefs For Botzkay Istham Duke of Kismaria and Prince of Transylvania revolted from the Emperor having drawn many Noble men of Hungary to joyn with him upon assurance of assistance from the Turk Then did Botzkay take the field with great numbers of Heiducks and made a Declaration against the Emperors Lieutenants which were four who joyning their Forces together went against Botzkay When the Armies met the Hungarians both Horse and Foot yielded to Botzkay The fight continued six hours and the Imperialists were routed Belliceuse one of their Generals fled and the Germans and Silesians were cut in pieces Pets and Pallas Lippay were taken Prisoners and Botzkay sent Pets and some Ensigns to Herder Bassa to shew his affection to the Turk and Pallas Lippay remained Lieutenant to Botzkay and they published another Declaration that they took up Arms for their Civil Liberties and Consciences and to hinder the Persecution of the Gospel Hereupon the Roman Clergy Jesuites were forced to fly to Vienna and the Citizens of Cassovia thrust the Priests and Clergy out of their Towns and became Protestants of the Augustane Confession Baste the Emperors Lieutenant published a General Pardon in his Masters name but it prevailed nothing He also besieged Cassovia in vain the Garison consisting of six thousand men Having raised his Siege in his return he took Epper and some weaker places upon condition to suffer them to enjoy their Religion according to the Confession of Ausbourg But being pursued by Botzkay he lost thirty Waggons laden with Silver and store of Clothes that came from Vienna This so amazed the neighbour places that the Germans and other Strangers were cut in pieces Then did Baste perswade Botzkay by his letters to hearken to peace and to draw the Emperors Subjects to their obedience Botzkay answered that he was content upon condition that he should enjoy the Principality of Transylvania and be the Emperors Lieutenant in Hungary That the French and Walloons should depart the Country That the Souldiers should be paid That the Protestants should not be molested in the exercise of their Religion That Belliceuse who was the cause of these troubles should be delivered into his hands to do justice upon him and that the Emperor should come in Person to the Estates at Ponson and in the mean time the Germans should not stir out of the Garisons to plunder the Countrey Baste seeing these demands so high returned no answer All Transylvania obeyed Botzkay and he received Money from the Turk wherewith he paid his Souldiers and called the Estates of Hungary to a General Assembly upon the last of April In the mean time the Earls of Herin Nadaste and Buda who before had fought with the Turk fell to Botzkays Party having an Army of twenty five thousand men Moldovia and Wallachia also obeyed him This made Matthias the Archduke in the Emperors name to seek for peace and Botzkay sent Helias Hali Helias Hasky who met with the Emperors Commissioner and told him that his Master would not refuse Peace if the Emperor would grant him the Conditions which he had before propounded as also that no Bishop should be of the Senate in Hungary but he onely that was Chancellor Then did Botzkay send Ambassadors to Vienna Peace concluded where at last a Peace was concluded in the year 1606 and the Moneth of September which consisted of these six Articles 1. The Articles with the Emperor That they should enjoy liberty of Conscience throughout all Hungary namely the Catholicks Lutherans and Calvenists and that no other Religion should be tollerated 2. That the Archduke Matthias should be Lieutenant General for the Emperor through all Hungary and that all things should remain in the same estate as they were in for the present 3. That Botzkay should continue Prince of Transylvania Earl of Sicules and Palatine of high Hungary and for want of Heirs Male all should revert to the Emperor and that Botzkays Daughters should be married according to their quality at the Emperors charge 4. That from thence-forth the Palatine and the General Treasurers should be chosen by the Estates of the Country 5. That a General pardon should be published to the end that all matters might be forgotten on both parts 6. The Chambers and New Courts to be abolished the Hungarians to redeem the Castles pawned to the Germans the Government of the Kingdom to be administred by the Hungarians only Raab and Comorra may be Governed by deserving Germans and that Bishops descended of the Nobility to have voice and place in Council others not Bonefires were made at Vienna and all other Places for this happy Peace Shortly after also a Peace was concluded between the Emperor and the Great Turk for twenty years The Articles with the Great Turk whereof these were the Articles 1. That every one should return into his Possessions reedifie his Houses and Castles and remain in the same Estate that he was in before the War 2. That the Emperor should be called Father and the Turk Son which titles they should give each to other by their Ambassadors and in their Writing should use the word Emperor and not King 3. That the Tarters should be comprehended in this Peace with a prohibition not to make any spoil in the Emperors Country nor in Hungary 4. That all the Signiories belonging to the House of Austria should be comprehended in this Peace 5. That all Acts of Hostility should cease and transgressions be punished by exemplary Justice 6. That neither Part shall surprise any Fort Town House nor take any Prisoner nor send any Spy into Hungary 7. That the Treaty of Peace made with Botzkay should be truly observed 8. That Merchants might pass and Traffique freely through their Countries and that there should be four or five Fairs in every year in such places as should be appointed 9. That the Bassa of Buda the

time Rakoczi besieged and took in Tyrnaw where He prospers at the request of the Protestant Preacher he used much clemency to the Popishs Bishop and Noblemer Peace made But at last a Peace was concluded betwixt him and the Emperor wherein seven Lordships in Hungary were setled upon Rakoczi ninety Churches were restored to the Protestants and the rest of their Priviledges were confirmed to them Anno Christi 1646 Ferdinand 4th King of Hunga y. His death Ferdinand the fourth in his Fathers life time was crowned King of Hungary and in the year 1648 Prince Rakoczi died and was succeeded by his young Son George Rakoczi and in the year 1653 King Ferdinand the fourth died having been Crowned King of the Romans being but two and twenty years old leaving all his Dignities and Dominions to his Brother Leopold Ignatius Anno Christi 1656 the King of Sweden Charolus Adolphus having invaded Poland and Conquered much of it invited Prince Rakoczi to his Assistance Rakoczi goes into Poland who entring into Confederacy with him raised a great Army with which he entred into Poland where he made great spoils beating down the Images in Churches out of an hatred to the Romish Religion At last he joyned with the Swede and both of them besiged Cracovia which after a short defence was surrendred to them they destroyed most of the City of Casimer which stood on the other side of the Weysel and in Lituania they took in the strong City of Biscea But the King of Denmark at this time falling into some of the Swedes Countries and the Duke of Brandenburg also renouncing the Kings Interest the King of Sweden was faign to retreat out of Poland to look to his own home and thereby Rakoczi was left in the lurch He is deserted The King of Poland in the mean time by his Ambassador at Constantinople having bribed some of the Chief Officers procured a Command from the Great Turk to Rakoczi to return into his own Country He had also made a League with the Emperor who sent him sixteen thousand men to assist him against the Transylvanian These considerations moved Rakoczi to send to the King of Poland for Peace but he returned delatory answers till they had hemmed in the Transylvanians that there was no possibility for their escape but by fighting their way through them which accordingly they did His return and so retired into their own Country This same year 1657 died the Emperor Ferdinand the third Ignatius Leopold made Emperor leaving two Sons behind him Ignatius Leopoldus and Charles Joseph the Elder succeeded in the Empire though with much regreat because he was but seventeen years old and by their Golden Bull and Custome none should be chosen under eighteen Rakoczi opposed by the Turk Prince Rakoczi being returned into his own Country a Chiaux from the Great Turk met him and commanded him to resign his Principality to one Radus but he delayed to do it and sought to strengthen himself by the help of Neighbour Princes who yet forsook him all but the Princes of Moldovia and Walachia But the Turk meeting with troubles at home suffered him to be quiet for the present yet the next year he sent an Army against him through Walachia against which the Vayvod opposing himself was totally routed by the Turks and forced with rich Presents and large promise of Hostility against Rakoczi to make his Peace Soon after the Bassa of Buda was commanded upon the same service who marching into Transylvania attempted the taking of Arad but the Transylvanian and Hungarian Forces being neer took advantage of some confusion amongst the Turks at their first coming set upon them and with their great Guns so shatered them that they were forced to fly and leave their Camp many of them perishing in the River Mur. Here were taken some of their Chief Officers which so incensed the Great Turk that he threatened to flea the Bassa of Buda unless he presently brought him the Head of Rakoczi Anno Christi 1660 the Turk sent greater Forces into Transylvania and Prince Rakoczi encountered them at Hermanstadt and he behaved himself very Valiantly killing seventeen men with his own hands whereupon the Turks were routed and left the Victory to the Transylvanians about seven Thousand of them being slain upon the Place and Prince Rakoczi in their pursuit received five wounds and five days after being brought to Great Waradin Rakoczi dies he there died His death gave great advantage and encouragment to the Turks who with renewed forces so pressed upon the Transylvanians that they were forced to betake themselves to their strong holds whereupon General Souches had order from Vienna to march into Transylvania and defend it against the Turks This he did and possessed himself of some strong places In July this year the Turk with one hundred thousand men besieged Great Waradin Waradine besieged which was bravely defended by the Governour Collonel Gaude a Scotchman but in August that Gallant man was slain by an unhappy shot which so discouraged the City that being without hope of relief they surrendred it upon Tearms being a passage into Transylvania Hungary and Poland Rakoczi being dead Radus Prince of Transylvania and his Cousin Radus disliked by the Turk there was one Barckay that made himself Prince of Transylvania and was assisted by the Turk by which means he took in some places pretending that he would resign them to the Emperor though it proved otherwise About this time there appeared a Comet with the Head towards Transylvania A Comet and the tail towards Dalmatia which seemed to Portend the great evils and mischiefes that did ensue The right successor of Rakoczi was Remini Janos who was owned by many of the Transylvanians but strongly opposed by Barckay and the Turks Yet Anno Christi 1661 he fought with them at Thassabat and made a great slaughter of them but at last being oppressed with numbers he was forced to leave the Country The Emperor perceiving that the Turks had a design upon Hungary he raised an Army sending part of it into Transylvania and at that time Count Nicholas Serini raised a strong Fort over against Canisia or Chanischa naming it Serinswar Serinswar built which so provoked the Turk that he demanded that the Fort should be demolished that Serini should be punished and Transylvania left to him This made the Christians to understand his meaning and to look to themselves The preparations of the Turk In the mean time the Turk raised a mighty Army and provided an answerable proportion of Victuals Ammunition and Artillery and the Emperor had in Hungary an Army of thirty eight thousand Germans whom the Hungarians favored not by reason of their difference in Religion so that by October The Emperors Army moulders away through want of accommodations and by surfeits which they took through immoderate drinking of Wine eating of Fruits it mouldred

which he took by assault but with the loss of more of his Officers of note and so by Canysia which he durst not adventure upon his Army being much diminished he returned home The Description of Transylvania with a Catalogue of the Vayvods and Princes thereof TRansylvania is bounded on the East with Moldavia Transylvania described On the West with the Upper Hungary On the North with Russia Nigra a Province of the Kingdom of Poland from which it is separated by the Carpathian Mountains On the South with Rascia and Walachia It took its name from the great Woods lying betwixt it and Hungary the Latine Name signifying the Countrey beyond the Woods By the Dutch it 's called Seber Burgen from seven Castles or strong holds that were anciently built in it to defend the Frontiers It is environed round about with high Hills and Woods It 's strong situation as with Walls so that the passages into it are very difficult by reason also of certain Rivers and Brooks amongst which there is the River of Alutha where there is a strong Castle built called Roteth to defend the passage And upon the River of Mariscus there is another Fort called Brosch The Commodities of it The soil doth naturally abound with Wines Corn and Fruit of which it yielded such plenty in the time of the Romans that the Emperor Trajan caused a piece of mony to be coined which had the Figure of Ceres holding in one hand a Cornu-Copia and in the other a plain Tablet with this inscription Abundantia Daciae The abundance of Dacia More particularly besides the great plenty of Wheat and most excellent Wines it yields great store of Cherries Damascens Malacotoons Musk-melons not inferior to those of Italy As also Centaury great store and many other Medecinal Plants Some Mines of Gold and Silver they have and many more of Iron Brass and Copper and not a few Veins of Salt and Sulphur Of Cattle they have such abundance that many times large Oxen are sold for a Floren or half a Crown a piece They have also a notable breed of Horses which are exceeding swift whose manes hang down to the ground Not to say any thing of that variety of wild Beasts which they have in their Woods and Forrests and of all sorts of Fowl both for food and pleasure The quality of the People The People are much of the same nature with the Hungarians to whom they have been of a long time subject but somewhat more stubborn and untractable they speak the same Language that the Hungarians use The Sclavonian language with some difference in the Dialect onely They were converted at the same time to the Christian Faith and have the same forms of Ecclesiastical Government and the same variety of Religions In former times they used to read as the Jews do from the right hand to the left but of late they conform herein to the Western Nations from whom they are generally descended Their Original It 's evident that the People of this Country are the Progeny of the Saxons by their Saxon Language yet in part retained For we find that Charlemayne like a Politick Conquerer transplanted many of Saxons hither that thereby he might weaken their strength at home and by them fortifie the Bounds of his Empire There is also a Story cited by Verstigan to confirm it Which is this Halberstade was beyond credit troubled with Rats A strange story which a Musician which they called the Peed Piper undertook for a great Mass of Money to destroy which they agreed to Hereupon he tuned his Pipes and all the Rats in the Town dancing after him were drowned in the next River This done he asked his pay which they denied him Whereupon he strikes up a new fit of mirth and all the children both Males and Females in the Town followed him into the Hill Hamelen which presently closed again The Parents miss their children but could never hear news of them believe it who pleases till now of late some have found them in Transylvania This marvellous accident is said to have happened July 22. Anno Christi 1376 Since which time it 's said that the People of Halberstade permit not any Drum Pipe or other Instrument to be sounded in that street and they established a Decree that in all writings of Contracts and Bargains after the Date of our Lord Christs Nativity the date also of this their childrens transmigration should be added for the remembrance of it But though the Dutch or Saxons make up the main Body of the Transylvanians yet having been conquered by the Hungarians they have received many of their Colonies amongst them and in the Northern parts of Transylvania there remain still some of the old Scythians whih were planted there by Attila Out of all these The populousness of it the Body of this Country is composed so strong and populous that they are able to raise an Army of ninety thousand men and actually they did Arm six thousand Horse and twelve thousand Foot for the Battel of Keresture Anno Christi 1596. being more than all Hungary sent to that service by two thousand Chief Towns in Transylvania of the foundation of the Dutch or Saxons are 1. Hermansted in Latine The chief Towns Hermanopolis situate on the River Cibin so named from one Herman who was the Founder of it It 's little Inferior to Vienna for strength or greatness It 's well fortified both by Art and Nature for it stands in a Moorish place so that the access unto it is very difficult 2. Cronstad called in Latine Corona by some Brassovia by others Stephanopolis which name was given to it by Stephen King of Hungary who repaired and beautified it It 's situate on the borders of Wallachia amongst fruitful Mountains It 's adorned with a fair Library a kind of University and it 's the most noted Empory or Mart-Town in all this Country unto which there is great resort especially in the time of their publick Fairs by Turks Arabians Greeks Armenians Polanders Walachians and other Nations 3. Bistricium called by the Dutch Noren It receives it's name from the River Bistrice which runs through it It 's so pleasant and so sweet a Town that there is no mire or durt to be seen in it at any time or if there be the People presently cause the River by stoping of it to swell over it's Banks and so to cleanse the streets 4. Mediesus called by the Dutch Meduish so called quasi Medius Consessus because it 's situate in the midst of the Country It 's a Town almost as neat a Bistrice 5. Segoswaria or Schesburg which stands on the declivity of a Hill 6. Zabesus or Laiz which was onee the chief Town of the Saxons but now it 's much decayed It 's situate in a very deep Valley well fenced with waters and those waters full of Fish 7. Clausenbourg called in Latine Claudionopolis from the Emperor