A NEW SURVEY OF THE Present State OF EUROPE Containing REMARKS Upon several Soveraign and Republican STATES With MEMOIRES Historical Chronological Topographical Hydrographical Political c. By Gidion Pontier c. Done into ENGLISH by J. B. Doctor of Physick LONDON Printed for W. Crooke at the Green Dragon without Temple-bar nigh Devereux-Court 1684. TO THE Candid Reader THis Treatise exposeth to your view the most eminent Things and Transactions of this World concerning Ecclesiastical States Monarchies Republicks the varieties of Sects and Religions the Origine of Arts and Sciences several unparallel'd Accidents variety of Recherches in Antiquity and Memoires containing the Combats Battels Sieges surprizal or taking of Towns and the most signaliz'd and memorable Actions that have happened in this Modern Age. If any curious Reader shall oppose the Digressions of this Tract I must desire him to consider that they are both useful and necessary and so far from exposing him to Fatigue and Trouble that they will prove a grand Satisfaction and Diversion I must confess I have in this Composition discovered several gross Errours in some Authors whom I have forborn to recite because I scorn to shame them but if any Criticks desire a more regugular Method than herein is chalked out which is a thing of more than ordinary difficulty in a Business of this nature and in so great variety of Matter I desire them to take into their consideration that this Natural way of Writing will be by all Persons of Ingenuity preferr'd before any Scholastick Dissertation or Disputation whatsoever I have no more to say but this You will herein find Variety the Comfort and Satisfaction of Mankind that Gravity which will please the Serious that Diversion which will gratifie the Curious that Variety which can displease none but such as are void and destitute both of Sense and Reason And therefore I shall detain you no longer from the perusal of this Treatise onely give me leave to acquaint you that there is herein contain'd nothing but what is grounded upon Truth and gathered from the most Authentick Writers and present State of this Modern Age. Yours Gidion Pontier A TABLE OF THE Contents of this Book Of ITALY THe Papacy pag. 1 The Etymology of the Name Cardinal his Institution and his Habits pag. 10 The Continuation of the Actions of Pope Innocent the Eleventh pag. 13 The Singularities and curious remarkable Actions of some Popes pag. 15 Observations on the reducement of Jubiles under what Popes and in what times pag. 22 The opening of the Jubile pag. 25 The splendid Ceremonies and the Honour of Rome pag. 29 St. Austin's three Desires ibid. The Dominion of the Pope pag. 30 Places of Pleasure ibid. Ornaments of Rome pag. 32 The chief Towns of Italy with their Epithets and Elogies pag. 33 The chief Rivers of Italy pag. 35 Popes by birth French-men and Passages of their Lives pag. 36 The future Popes how conformable to the Prophecies pag. 54 The chief Princes of Italy after the Popes are five First the Duke of Savoy pag. 55 Secondly the Great Duke of Tuscany pag. 62 Thirdly the Duke of Mantua pag. 67 Fourthly the Duke of Modena pag. 69 Fifthly the Bishop of Trent pag. 71 The Figure of Italy and its length ibid. An Itinerary pag. 72 Of FRANCE pag. 75 THe Dolphin of France and his Marriage pag. 79 The Duke of Orleans pag. 81 The Prince of Condé and the Duke d'Enguien pag. 83 Prince Henry de la Tour d'Auvergne Vicount de Turenne pag. 84 The ancient Marshals of France living An. 1680. pag. 86 The Ministers and Secretaries of State ibid. The Chancellor pag. 87 M. de la Villiere pag. 89 M. de Louvois pag. 90 M. Colbert pag. 91 M. Colbert Croissi pag. 93 The Councils pag. 94 France the Mountain of the Muses pag. 97 King of France his places of Residence pag. 98 The Louvre ibid. The Tuilleries pag. 100 Fontainbleau ibid. Versailles pag. 101 Paris pag. 103 Colledge Mazarin its Institution Library and Academy pag. 109 The House of President Perrot pag. 112 Houses of Pleasure about Paris pag. 116 Houses and Places of Devotion near Paris pag. 118 The Treasury of St. Dennis pag. 120 The Tombs of the Kings of France pag. 124 Other famous places of Devotion and Pilgrimages greatly frequented in the Kingdom pag. 125 The twelve ancient general Governments of the Provinces called together at Paris under Loüis the Thirteenth according to their rank and place in the States General pag. 129 The Governours of the Provinces pag. 130 Conquered Countries pag. 133 The Fertility of France pag. 134 The Channel of Languedoc pag. 135 The chief Towns of France pag. 138 The most considerable Maritime Towns ibid. The great Rivers pag. 142 The Epithites of the great Rivers pag. 144 The principal small Rivers pag. 145 Pont du Gard pag. 150 A Catalogue of the Archbish and Bishops of France containing the number and name of the first and last Bishop of each Diocess to An. 1680. pag. 153 The Archbishoprick of Rheims ibid. The Archbishoprick of Narbonne pag. 156 The Archbishoprick of Bourges pag. 159 The Archbishoprick of Vienne pag. 160 The Archbishoprick of Tolose pag. 162 The Archbishoprick of Roüen pag. 163 The Archbishoprick of Sens pag. 164 The Bishops of Bethlem pag. 165 The Archbishoprick of Lyons pag. 167 The Archbishoprick of Bourdeaux pag. 169 The Archbishoprick of Arles pag. 170 The Archbishoprick of Ambrun pag. 172 The Archbishoprick of Tours pag. 174 The Archbishoprick of Aix pag. 176 The Archbishoprick of Paris pag. 177 The Archbishoprick of Albi pag. 179 The Archbishoprick of Cambray pag. 181 The Archbishoprick of Bezancon pag. 183 The Rank and Seats of the Prelates pag. 184 Agents General of the Clergie of France pag. 185 The ordinary List of the Parliaments of France and the time of their erection pag. 187 The Countries of State pag. 193 Remarkable things of these times happening from the year 1672 to the beginning of 1680. pag. 193 Of the Peace betwixt France Holland Spain the Emperour the Elector of Brandenburg and Denmark pag. 203 The Marriage of the Princess Mary Loüise of Orleans with the King of Spain pag. 205 A Continuation of Affairs to this time pag. 206 Of LORAIN pag. 208 THe chief Towns in Lorain pag. 210 Those of the Dutchy of Bar ibid. Mausoleums of the Dukes of Lorain ibid. The Marriage of Prince Charles of Lorain pag. 213 Of GERMANY pag. 214 OF the City of Vienna pag. 215 221 The chief Houses of Pleasure in the Country pag. 215 The Coronation of the Emperour with the signification of the three Crowns pag. 216 The Golden Bull pag. 217 Prerogatives of the Emperour pag. 219 Fourteen Emperours of the House of Austria ibid. The chief Towns of Germany pag. 220 The Cities of Prague and Presburg pag. 222 Of Aix-la-Chappelle and Presburg pag. 223 Of Erfort Munic and Strasburg pag. 224 The Tower Clock Bridge and famous Trees of Strasburg pag. 225 The
Revenue of Twelve ordinary Councellours of State Three Councellors of the Church and Three of the Sword Twelve attending every six Months The King regulating the Councel An. 1673. added the Controuler General of his Revenues and the two Intendants of them to have place in the Councels des Parties as they have in those of the Revenue The Councellours of State are chosen by his Majesty being such as have past the greatest part of all the Offices of the Robe having been Intendants of Justice or Ambassadors or first Presidents of the Parliaments these are at present the best and most sought-for Offices of the Kingdom and which come nearest the King who gives such persons daily the best employs and Commissions of greatest importance for the service of himself and the State To these Councels the Masters of Request have access which are to the number of Eighty whereof Twenty serve each Quarter after having been honoured with many Commissions and Intendancies they are preferred by his Majesty to Employs of the highest nature where he designs them The two Intendants of the Revenue are Messire Vicount Hotman and Messire Nicholas des Marests Colbert The first has been Councellor in the grand Councel Master of Requests and Intendant of Justice in Guyen and in Tourain Proctor-General of the Chamber of Justice and afterwards honoured by the King with a place in his Councels and with the Commission of Intendant of the Kings Revenue and of Justice in the generality of Paris all these great Employs are marks of his singular Merit which he has signalized in all occurrences Messire Nicolas des Marests has been Counsellour to the Parliament of Paris and is at present Master of Requests and Intendant of the Kings Revenues There is no man but knows that he has always done things with skill and integrity his Ability his Candour and the care that he takes appear in his Conduct as three great lights which make him known to those that will be enlightned When the waves are troubled the Vessel has most need of skilful Pilots the perfect knowledge that these two Intendants have of the Interests of the Provinces has served them as a Watch-tower to keep them from erring and the zeal they have for the advantage of his Majesties Revenue is another means for them to behave themselves well betwixt the Soveraign and his Subjects in a word to the end that the King may receive as much aid as his people comfort The Illustrious Controller General of the Kings Revenues of whom I have spoken before may rely on the fidelity of these two Intendants The Four Secretaries of the Kings Revenues are the Sieur Bechameil Berrier Ranchin and Coquille The Four Clerks of the Councel des Parties are the Sieurs Aguillaumie Pecot le Foüyn and Brunet The Keeper of the Royal Treasury in waiting enters into the Councel of the Kings Revenues and also the Treasurer of the casual Revenues in waiting when they are upon the Rolls of the casual Revenues this person stands behind the Chancellours Chair Besides the Councel of the Finances and the Councel des Parties the King has also a Councel of Dispatches a Councel of War and others according to different affairs the Councel of Dispatches is held in the Kings Chamber where attend the Duke of Orleans the Chancellour the Marshal de Villeroy the Four Secretaries of State and those that are received for that Office upon Survivorship His Majesty presides in the Councel of War the Princes the Marshals of France and other Lords skilful in the Military Art are ordinarily called to it France the Mountain of the Muses IF France be the field of Mars it is also the Mountain of the Muses and the refuge of Arts. Philosophy has left Egypt and Greece to make its residence in this Kingdom The Spaniards confess this truth by this Proverb used in the University of Salamanca Dat Lutetia Aristotelum Salamanca Deum It 's at Paris particularly where we find new Plato's and Aristotles in subtilty and solidness Consummated Divines Orators like Cicero and Quintilian Cujas's and Bartholus's for the Canon and Civil Laws second Galen's Hippocrates's and Esculapius's in Physick Astrology gives us in the House of the Observatory its Ptolomy's it s Alphonsus's and its Tico-Brahe's the Mathematicks Cluverius's Poesie it s Virgil's its Ovids its Martials and its Homers Painting its Apelles and Carvers its Phidias It 's in France where Forreigners come and suck the Ambrosia and drink large draughts of the Nectar of the Gods The ordinary places of Residence of their most Christian Majesties PAris Saint Germains in Laye Versailles Vincennes Fontainbleau Chambort Blois Compeinne These dwelling-places are truly Royal the Louvre the Chasteau des Tuilleries that of Fontainbleau and Versailles are a Miracle of Nature and a Prodigy of Art in all things and in a word the Centre of the Rarities and beautiful things of the world The Louvre PHILLIP August ended the Building of the Louvre An. 1214. This Palace being the first of the Kingdom and as a Master-piece some Authors think that this Monarch called it le Louvre as though he would say l'Oeuvre the Work by Excellency others think it so called from a street called Lupura or Lupara in which it is thought to be built Loüis the Fourteenth putting the last hand to it has so enlarged it that it is capable of receiving three Kings A Learned and excellent Wit of our time has made this Inscription for the Louvre which comprehends and expresses the greatness of the Building the greatness of the person and of the Name of King Loüis le Grand and the explication of his Devise or Motto Nec pluribus Impar in these terms Haec licet ampla domus longè tamen amplior hospes Ludovico magno nec totus sufficit orbis Sufficeret solus multis nec pluribus Impar The same Inscription in English This House though great the Person whose Command It owns is greater much Loüis le Grand Does find the world too scant for he alone Would serve for many fit for more than One. It 's in the Louvre where Learning has been stript of the gross Bark of the School it 's there where the Muses are habited a-la-mode and where they are given the fine turn of Politeness by the means of the French Academy instituted by Cardinal Richlieu An. 1635. for the pureness and perfection of the French Tongue Of late some Towns of this Kingdom have erected Academies for this purpose as Arles Suissons and others We shall here observe that in France in the time of the said Cardinal the Gazette which according to the term de Gaza signifies a heap of divers things began An. 1631. and that the first Gazettier called Theophrast Renaudot Physician of the faculty of Montpellier dedicated it to Loüis the Thirteenth I saw it in the Library of Colledge Mazarin it succeeded the French Mercury its dates and Chronologies were in the Margin The Tuilleries THe Tuilleries
and Academy with many great Houses for the reception of Coaches lying in the street Mazarin and others The Library was judged very curious by the Kings of England and Denmark these two Princes saw it in the Palace Mazarin whence it was transported into the Colledge His Majesty of Denmark caused his to be built after the model of that it is long wide and very high and admits a great deal of light and has the prospect of the Louvre and the Seine it will be open twice a week to all persons of Learning on such days as shall be thought fit as that of the Abbey of St. Victor which is publick on Mundays Wednesdays and Saturdays and which is famous The Library Mazarin contains 30000 Volumes there are in it the chief Books of the Protestants Cardinal Mazarin made this pious and grand Foundation for many reasons amongst others for rendring the Inhabitants of the Conquered Countries before-mentioned as well French in their Heart as by Nation Divine Providence having prescribed â—â—mits to the life of all men the Founder of this Colledge dyed at Vincennes the ninth of March 1661 in the fifty one year of his age His Heart reposes in the Church of the Theatins his Body will be transferred from the Church of Vincennes into the Church of the said Colledge when Mass comes to be celebrated in it and it will be placed in a magnificent Mausoloeum there to wait the general Resurrection In the Month of May of the year 1677 on the Porch of the Church of Colledge Mazarin were placed on the Pedestals of the Body of it advanced from the front over square Pillars Pilasters the four Evangelists St. Matthew St. Mark St. Luke and St. John with their Attributes On the right hand backward on the like Pedestals the four Doctors of the Greek Church according to their place St. Basil St. Athanasius St. John Chrysostome and St. Gregory of Nazianze and on the left hand the four Doctors of the Latin Church St. Gregory the Great St. Ambrose St. Austin and St. Hierome According to the Order of time in which they lived we range the Greeks thus St. Athanasius St. Basil St. Gregory of Nazianze and St. John Chrysostom in the Latine Church St. Ambrose St. Hierome St. Austin and St. Gregory In placing the figures they have gone according to dignity They say that the Effigies of Loüis the Great will be placed before this Colledge in a great Place which will be called Dukal This Colledge is incorporated to the University with all its rights and priviledges The Sieurs Foucaut le Foüyn and Mariage have taken much pains for perfecting this Colledge Some persons of Quality having assured me of the satisfaction they received in the relation I made them of the House of President Perrot near the Colledge I shall set down the particularities that I observed in it An. 1677. The House of President Perrot THis House which faces the Louvre has five Balconies on the Seine besides its Scituation uniformity neatness and conveniency it 's esteemed curious for its Ancient Pieces and for large Pictures made by Apelles's They are expos'd in the great room of Paintings which has windows on both sides We see there Anthony de Bourbon King of Nâ—varre Henry the Fourth Loüis the Thirteenth vested with the Royal Mantle and with the great Collar of the Order and Loüis the Fourteenth clad like a Roman and M. the Dolphin betwixt the late King and the present in a round or oval over the door of the entrance and Philip of France Duke of Orleans standing by Loüis de Bourbon Prince of Condé with his Father and his Grandfather and the Duke d'Enguien with his Children the Queens and Princesses are by the sides of their Spouses In the midst of this Gallery is plac'd a large sheet of Velam in Miniature set in a frame which contains the Genealogy of the Bourbons from St. Loüis to the year 1679 and on the back part of the Velam are represented the Combats Rencounters Sieges Battels and Victories gain'd by the Prince of Condé Loüis de Bourbon Amongst some Pictures that adorn the Chappel that which is against the Altar is accomplisht and to express the thing better it 's a consummated piece of work or a Master-piece representing the seven Sacraments of the Church the Archduke Leopold admiring this Piece would have given a thousand Pistols for it if the Master would have sold it him It was permitted his Highness to cause a Copy to be taken of it Neer the Chappel-door we see the present Prince of Condé mounted on a War-horse represented to the life In some Chambers we find many other Pictures that of 〈◊〉 Nativity of the Son of God that of Lot having drank to excess before his two Daughters to which nothing can be added The rowling Desk composed of divers Tables which is in the Library is of a very rare structure and convenient for those that compose some laborious Piece all the edges of it are gilded and the Boards or Planks hold a great many Books in folio When you are near it without changing place with one of your fingers you make the Desk turn and bring before your eyes the Books that lead to your designe but you must first place them Atabalipa one of the Incas of Peru would not have esteemed it much for his use for he threw on the ground a very excellent Book presented to him alleadging for a reason that it spoke not a word to him though they made him believe it would teach him a great many things he could not make it speak I believe he would have soon imitated a King of Congo to whom Emanuel King of Portugal having once sent Lawyers with good Law-books he sent back the Doctors and caused the Books to be burnt thinking they would serve but to introduce Cavilling and put Confusion in the Understandings of his Subjects whereas he said they had need but of Reason and a good common Sence which is related in a History of Portugal This Prince added that he should still continue a Friend to him that had sent them him taking the good will for the deed In the Garden of the same House I saw a tryal made of a great Burning-glass in the presence of M. the Prince which burnt a great Block set opposite to the Sun and which wonderfully magnifies and multiplies Objects The two Gladiators and other Figures of massie cast Copper which are Ornaments of the Garden are Pieces artificially made Each Gladiator holds his Buckler with one hand and his Sword with the other whose postures are much esteem'd The Venus is highly priz'd as also another Figure drawing a Thorn out of its foot The great Iron Arbour is very beautiful and very high rais'd under which persons breath the cool Air and fragrant Smells during the Summer-heats On the side of it are the Grotto's and Waters The Dido striking a Dagger into her breast is represented to the
Beziers and Nostre-Dame de Gignac in the same Diocess Nostre-Dame de Liviniere in the Diocess of S. Pons of Tomiers Nostre-Dame de Lorme and Nostre-Dame d' Alen in the Diocess of Montauban Nostre-Dame de Ladreiche a league from Alby The Hermitage of Nostre-Dame de Moinier in the Territory of Pompignan on the top of a high Mountain in the Diocess of Nismes St. Sernin at Tolose where are the entire Relicks of many of the Apostles Nostre-Dame d' Alet and Nostre-Dame de Roqueville three leagues off Nostre-Dame de Garaizon in the Diocess of Ausche Nostre-Dame de Verdelez at Cadiliac near Bourdeaux Nostre-Dame de Nazareth in Britany three leagues from Dinan and Nostre-Dame de bonnes Nouvelles at Rennes Nostre-Dame d' Ardilliers in the Diocess of Anger 's in Anjou Nostre-Dame de Mibonnet a league from Moulins in the Diocess of Authun in Bourbonnois Nostre-Dame de Clery near Orleans on the Loire Nostre-Dame du Puy Nostre-Dame de Fridieire and Nostre-Dame de Pitie in Auvergne This is without the Town of Chaude-Agues on a sharp Rock Abbot Cholmerl is the Founder Nostre-Dame de Banelle and Nostre-Dame de Sabar are in the County of Foix in the Diocess of Comminges Nostre Dame de Quezac in Givodan near St. Maur the Abbey of St. Bennet in the Diocess of Mande Nostre-Dame de Roquemadou and Nostre-Dame de Liaurou in Quercy in the Diocess of Cahors Nostre-Dame de Cignac in the Diocess of Rhodes The House of Arpajou has given it great Marks of its Devotion Nostre-Dame d Orient in the Diocess of Vabres These two places of Devotion are in Roüergne Nostre-Dame du Calvaire of Betharan in Bearn in the Diocess of Lascar Messire Pierre de Marca has said wonderful things of it in a Book entituled Traité des Merveilles Operées en la Chappelle Nostre-Dame du Calvaire en Betharan It was printed An. 1646. and An. 1648. the word Betharan signifies according to the Language of the Country a fine Branch and according to the Hebrew Tongue the House of the Soveraign and of the most High or the House of Greatness and Eminency In the Territory of the Tribe of Gad there was a Valley of this name which appears by the Book of Joshua The Mountain Betharan has the figure of that of the true Calvary of Jerusalem Many Miracles have been there wrought If Miracles were wrought in the Temples of the Protestants as in these holy places they would make them serve as Seals to their Doctrine and would make them sound forth with a high voice that the Saviour of the World gives the power to them as a most powerful and pressing means to cause the truth of their Faith to be embrac'd and because they have no Miracles they laugh at them To which I oppose that the Jews and Pagans rejected those of Jesus Christ and of the Apostles and with St. Austin that Miracles have been the motives of innumerable conversions to Christianity that Miracles are the Chains that hold us in the Catholick Church Our strayed Brethren chuse rather to suffer themselves to be bound by their own Imagination and by the consequences they draw from the Scripture according to their private spirits and without having either of our most dear Chains neither the antiquity nor the number nor the succession of Chairs nor the Miracles c. which have continued in the Roman Church from Age to Age since the time of the Apostles Let us return to our subject The Church of Nostre-Dame of Ardilliers which is one of the chief suburbs of the Town of Saumur is serv'd by the Oratorian Fathers Saint Maximin and Saint Baume by the Dominicans as also Nostre-Dame de Bonnes Nouvelles at Rennes Nostre-Dame de Rochefort by the Religious Benedictines Saint Reine by the Cordeliers Nostre-Dame d'Orient by the Capucins Nostre-Dame de Consolation de Bezieres by the Religious of St. Francis of Paul vulgarly called les Bons hommes The others by Canons and Secular Priests The twelve ancient General Governments of the Provinces were called together at Paris under Loüis the Thirteenth according to their rank and place in the States General 1614. THe Isle of France Burgundy Normandy Guienne Britany Champagne Languedoc Picardy Daulphine Provence Lyonnois and Orleanois Of these twelve great Governments many others are made Lyonnois comprehended formerly higher and lower Auvergne and also la Marche the higher and lower Bourbonnois Beaujolois and the Country of Forrests Orleanois contain'd Poitou Aniou Touraine Loudunois the Town and Government of Rochelle Angoumois le Maine Berry Pais Chartrain le Perche Nivernois and Vandosinois Xaintonge was of the Government of Guienne The Governours of the Provinces An. 1679. are these THe Town Provostship and Vicounty of Paris has for Governour the Duke of Crequy Peer of France Commander of the Kings Orders and first Gentleman of the Chamber to his Majesty He was made choice of by the King to go to Bavaria to carry the Marriage-Presents to Madam the Dolphiness Anno 1680. The Duke d' Estrées Peer of France is Governour of the Isle of France Soissonnois Laonnois Beauvoisis c. The Prince of Condé Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold has the government of Burgundy and of la Bresse the Duke d'Enguien has the survivourship of his Father The Duke de Montauzier Peer of France and Commander of the Kings Orders has Normandy he was Governour of Monseigneur the Dolphin The Duke de Roquelaure Guienne The Duke de Chaune Britany Marshal Duke de Vivonne of Montmart Champagne and Brie The Duke of Verneuil Languedoc he succeeds Arnand de Bourbon Prince of Conti whose Piety is crown'd in the Coelestial Court he died at Pezenas An. 1666. the 21 day of February and his body was carried into the house of the Carthusians of Villeneufe in Avignon This Prince compos'd two Books one is entituled Devoirs des Grands and the other Memoires du Prince de Conti the former contains very excellent Instructions The Duke d' Elbeuf is Governour of Picardy The Duke les Diguieres of Dauphiné The Duke de Vandôme of Provence Marshal de Grignan is sole Lieutenant-General of this Province he has also been Lieutenant-General of Languedoc The Duke de Villeroy Son of the Marshal of this name is Governour of Lyonnois Forests and Beaujolois The Marquess d' Alluye of Orleannois Blesois Dunois and the Country of Sologne Chartrain and Vandômois Auvergne has for Governour the Duke de Boüillon high Chamberlain Higher and lower la Marche the Marquess de S. Germain Beâ—upré Limosin the Count d' Auvergne Bourbonnois the Marquess de la Valiere Berry the Prince of Marsillac Francois de la Rochefoucaud Duke of Rocheguion Groom of the Stole and Chief Master of the Game of France Son of the Prince of Marsillac and Grandchild of the Duke of Rochefoucaut married An. 1679. in the Church of S. Roch of Paris Madeleine la Tellier Daughter of the Marquess de Lionnois Minister and Secretary of State and
subject Auchs joyn'd with the Country of Eusan ninety six Prelates from Ceratius to Messire Henry de la Motthe Houdancourt Commander of the Kings Orders and Purveyor of Navarre formerly Bishop of Rennes and Almoner of the deceas'd Queen-Mother He is esteem'd one of the most learn'd Prelates in Antiquity and in the Science of the Canon-Law absolutely necessary for the government of the Church It 's what is requir'd at Rome The Suffragans are ten Aire Acqs or Dax Bayonne Couserans Comminges Leitoure Lescar Oleron Tarbes Bazas Aire fifty one from Marcel to Messire Jean-Loüis de Fromentieres Preacher in Ordinary to the King Acqs fifty seven from S. Vincent Martyr to Messire Philippes de Chaumont Bayonne twenty nine from Leon to Messire Henry de Garsias the Prelate that occupies it at present is call'd Messire Jean Dolce Couserans sixty three from S. Valere to Messire Gabriel de S. Etienne vulgarly Esteve Comminges forty seven from Suavis to Messire Loüis de Rechignevoisin de Guron Leitoure forty five from Heutherius to Messire Hugues de Bar. Lescar forty five from S. Julien to Messire Jean de Haut de Sallies President of the Estates of Bearn first Counsellor to the Parliament of Pau and first Baron of Province Oleron forty four from Gratus to Messire Arnaud-Francois Maitié Tarbes forty nine from Antomerius to Messire Francois de Poudens Bazas fifty from Sextilius to Messire Guillaume de la Boissonade of Ortie formerly Chanter of the Church of Agen he succeeds Samuel Martineau Elne joyn'd with Perpignan a hundred and five from Apel who was nominated Successor of N. Marguerit This Diocess has been Suffragan sometimes of Tarragone sometimes of Narbonne Elne is three leagues from Perpignan The Archbishoprick of Lyons LYons a hundred twenty two Bishops or Archbishops from Potin to Messire Camille de Neufville de Villeroy Archbishop and Count of Lyons Primate of the Gauls and Commander of the Kings Orders and Lieutenant General for his Majesty of Lyonnois Forez and Beaujolois The Suffragans are Authun Chalons or Saone Langres and Mascon Authun a hundred eighty four from S. Amant to Messire Gabriel de Roquette Successor of Loüis d'Attichi He is President of course of the Estates of Burgundy Administrator Spiritual and Temporal of the Archbishoprick of Lyons during the vacancy of the See Pope Innocent the Eleventh granted this Prelate the Pallium the third of October in the year 1678. Though the Church of Authun enjoy'd this priviledge from the Pontificate of St. Gregory the Great its Bishops have not been able to obtain it for many Ages whatever instances they have made Messire Gabriel de Roquette received it from the hands of the Archbishop of Lyons Messire Camille de Neufville of Villeroy with the ordinary Ceremonies in the Church of the Carmelites of the faux-bourg S. Jacques of Paris the 21 of May 1679. It is to be observ'd that it 's said to the Pope the day of the Ceremony of his Consecration when he puts on the Pallium Accipe Pallium sanctum plenitudinem Pontificalis Officii Chalons seventy six from Donatien to Messire Henry-Felix de Tassis Dean of the holy Chappel of Vincennes Langres ninety three from Senator to Messire Loüis de Simianes de Gordes Duke and Peer of France Count of S. Jean de Lyon and first Almoner of the Queen The Bishop of Langres carries the Scepter at the Ceremony of the Consecration and Coronation of the King The Duke of Burgundy bears the Crown and puts the Sword by the Kings side The Peers appear with a Circle of Gold on their heads in the form of a Crown There are Princes and Lords chosen to represent the Peers whose Peerages have been reunited to the Crown Mascon seventy seven from S. Placide to Messire Michel de Tilladet The Archbishoprick of Bourdeaux BOurdeaux seventy two Prelates from S. Gilbert to Messire Loüis de Bourlemont Auditor of the Rota The Suffragans are Agen Condom Angoulesme Lusson Rochelle Perigeux Poitiers Xaintes Sarlat Agen sixty one Bishops from S. Caprasi to Messire Jules Mascaron Preacher in Ordinary to the King He was Bishop of Tulles The Pope propos'd him in his Consistory for the Church of Agen. Condom twenty three from Raymond Goulard to Messire Jacques de Mattignon who succeeds Messire Jacques Benigne Bousset Tutor to M. le Dauphin and at present first Almoner of Madam the Dauphiness and Author of a Book entituled The Exposition of the Doctrine of the Catholick Church on matters of Controversie Angoulesme sixty seven from S. Auson to Messire Francois de Pericard Lusson thirty from Pierre de la Voirie to Messire Henry de Barillion Rochelle joyn'd with Maillezais twenty four The Episcopal See was remov'd from Maillezais to Rochelle An. 1648 by a Bull of Pope Innocent the Tenth and with Letters Patents of Loüis the Fourteenth The first Bishop of Maillezais was call'd Gaufrid Pauvrelle and the two first of Rochelle were Jacques Raoul and Messire Henry de la Valle de Boisdauphin de Sable Perigueux seventy from S. Fronto to Messire Claude le Boux Preacher in Ordinary to his Majesty Poitiers a hundred and five from Liberius to Messire Hardoüin Fortin de la Hoguette formerly Bishop of S. Brieux He was Agent-General of the Clergy of France Xaintes sixty six from S. Eutrope to Messire Guillaume de la Brunetiere du Plessis Geté formerly Archdeacon and Canon of the Church of Paris and grand Vicar of the two last Archbishops This Prelate at his coming to the Pontificate having found in the Field of his Church the Darnel whereof it is spoken in the Gospel that the man enemy had sown there during the darkness of the night tore it up without unrooting the good seed by his skill and dexterity Sarlat thirty one from Raymond de Roquecor to Messire Loüis de Salagnac The Archbishoprick of Arles ARles eighty seven Prelates from S. Trophime to Messire Francois Adheimar de Monteil de Grignan Primate Prince of Salon and of Montdragon Commander of the Kings Orders Messire Jean Baptiste Adheimar de Monteil de Grignan was nominated his Coadjutor an 1666. and consecrated at Vzes an 1677. He preacht in Advents before their Majesties and has made fine Speeches to the King as deputed by the general Assemblies of the Clergy The first Archbishop of Arles was called S. Cezaire The Town glories in having given birth to eleven of its Bishops and Archbishops which are St. Honorat S. Aurelien Pierre Ainard Imbert de Guieres Michel de Morieres Hugues Bouardi Bertrand de S. Maleferrat Bertrand Almaric and Gaspart du Laurens I remit those who would have an ample relation on this subject to a Book newly compos'd by the Abbot de Port Native of Arles which contains excellent Remarks he has entitul'd it The Ecclesiastical and Secular History of Arles it 's the third Book wherewith he has gratified the Publick The first is a fine Book of Prayer the second a fine Rhetorick The
of Tarbes He expected his Bulls for S Omer An. 1679. A Historiographer of France says that he has been assur'd that the custom of defending Theses in Greek pass'd from S. Omer to Paris in a Book entituled Les Entretiens de Luxembourg p. 193. The Archbishoprick of Bezancon BEzancon ninety four Prelates and Archbishops from S. Lin to Messire Antoine de Gramont The Canons of his Cathedral bear in their Arms a Camail of Silk Azure doubled with Taffety Gules with a Crosier and a Mitre The Suffragans are Bellai Bâle Lausane These two last are in Switzerland Bellai has had eighty six Bishops from Audax to Messire Pierre du Laurens There was given to this Prelate for devise in a These dedicated to him Crescit suo sydere laurus by allusion to his Arms. Bâle sixty from Justinian to blessed Ramestein who died An. 1651. After that Bâle was entirely Protestant the Episcopal See was plac'd at Potentru Lauzane sixty three from S Beat to Messire Jean de Vateville who died An. 1649. The See is at Fribourg in Brisgou Buntruc is the ordinary Seat of the Bishop Metz Toul and Verdun are Suffragans of Treves which has been taken and retaken Metz has had eighty nine Bishops from St. Clement to Messire George d' Aubusson de la Fueillade Commander of the Kings Orders Prince of the Empire formerly Archbishop of Ambrun and Embassadour at Venice Henry de Bourbon Duke of Verneüil Jule Mazarin and Prince Guillaume de Fustemberg though in the Catalogue of the Bishops of Metz not occupy the Episcopal See Toul eighty six from Mansuet to Messire Jacques de Fieux Prince of the Empire Verdun ninety four or ninety five from St. Sanctin to Messire N. de Bethune Bishop and Count of Verdun and Prince of the Empire He succeeds Messire Armand de Monchi d'Hoquincourt The Rank and Seats of the Prelates THe Archbishops and Bishops have Rank and Seat in the General Assemblies of the Clergy according to the antiquity of their Consecration The Prelates which are Dukes and Peers of France have the precedency above the others at the Ceremony of the Consecration of the Kings and in the Seats of Parliament and enter with their Coaches into the Court of the Louvre Agents General of the Clergie of France THe Clergy has two Agents General at Court to mind Eccesiastical affairs the Archbishops and Suffragan Bishops name them alternatively They hold their Charge five years because at each General Assembly of the Clergy two are created who are deputed each by the Province which names at his turn Messieurs the Abbots of Maretz Colbert and of Bezons Doctors of Sorbonne were created Agents An. 1680. having been nominated the one by the Archbishop of Rheims and the other by him of Narbonne Bourges and Vienne gave Agents An. 1675. It is observ'd that there is no Prelate who has been Agent-General of the Clergy but that he understands affairs for as men do business so business makes men The Clergy has also its Treasurer call'd otherwise Receiver-General Those that would know the continuation and succession of all the Archbishops and Bishops of France must read a Book of a great labour in four Volumes in Folio compos'd by the Sieurs de Sainte-Marthe entituled Gallia Christiana there are seen there a great number of Popes Bulls the day of the creation of the Prelates their Qualities their Arms the names and the number of Abbeys This Work was printed An. 1656. and is worth a thousand other Impressions There is to be seen also another Book on this subject which has for Title Series Episcoporum Pierre Frison has given the publick Gallia Purpurata Since some time the King seldom gives Archbishopricks to Ecclesiastical persons if they are not actually Bishops These Archbishopricks contain many Suffragans under them our Conquests increase the number The sole Province of Languedoc has had to this time twenty two Bishops and as many Barons entring yearly into the Estates The Duke of Verneüil is Governour of this Province the Marquess de Cauvisson the Comte de Roure and the Marquess de Montanegue are Lieutenants General for the King and Messire Henry d' Aguessau Master of Requests and President of the Grand Council is there Intendant of Justice Polity and Finances He succeeds Messire Claude de Bezons Counsellor of State in Ordinary who liv'd there a long time and who manag'd well the Kings affairs We shall remark in favour of this Province that the Law of Aubeine or Escheatage has no place here by priviledge and exemption of the King nor in the Vicounty of Turenne Laurence Bouchet Advocate in the Court of Parliament of Paris is formal in the point in his Book entituled La Bibliotheque ou Tresor du droit des Francois in which are treated civil criminal and beneficial matters govern'd as well by the Ordinances and Customs of France as decided by Decrees of Soveraign Courts summarily extracted from the most famous French Lawyers and Practitioners and compar'd in many places with the Laws and Customs of Foreign Nations This book was printed at Paris An. 1629. There may be seen also thereon the book of the Province which contains its Priviledges The ordinary List of the Parliaments of France and the time of their erection PAris Tolose Grenoble Bordeaux Dijon Roüen Aix Rennes Pau and Metz. There are added Tornai and Dole its Parliament was plac'd at Bezancon An. 1674. Perpignan has a soveraign Council which judges without appeal as also Pignerol Brisac and other places That which the French call Parliament that is to say conference and debate concerning things belonging to Justice the Spaniards name Soveraign Council and the Savoyards the Senate The Parliament of Paris was made of constant Session on the place by Philippes le Bel An. 1302. and according to Chorier An. 1288. It was before liable to be remov'd from place ro place The 19th of May 1678. Loüis the Fourteenth nominated Messire Nicolas Potier Chevalier Lord of Novion and of Vilbon President of the Cap to the place of first President of this Parliament This place has been long due to his Merit to his Integrity to his great Lights and to that long experience of the Parliament-house which he has acquir'd with an indefatigable and wholly wonderful Assiduity He has rendred himself considerable on all occasions and particularly on those great days which he held at Clermont in Auvergne 1665. Tolose was instituted by the same Philippe le Bel and in the same year as Paris An. 1302. and made fixt An. 1443. and according to Chorier An. 1320. Its first President is at this day Messire Gaspart de Fieubet Grenoble by the Dolphin Loüis Son and Successor of Charles le Bel who confirm'd Anno 1453. by his Letters-Patents that which the Dolphin had done Its first President at this day is call'd Denis le Goux de la Berchere Bourdeaux by Loüis the Eleventh An. 1462. Bourdeaux and Grenoble sit by turns That of
Plenipotentiaries for the Emperour Signor Bevilaqua the Popes Nuncio has the reputation of having much contributed to this Peace The Treaty of Peace betwixt the Emperour and the King of Sweden was sign'd the same day by the Plenipotentiaries of the Emperour and by Count Oxenstern and Sieur Oliwenkans Embassadours Plenipotentiaries of Sweden The 19th of April the Ratification of the Emperour was exchang'd with that of the most Christian King The 26th this Peace was publisht at Paris with the ordinary Ceremonies The 29th of June the Sieur Pomponne Minister and Secretary of State and the Sieur Minders Envoy Extraordinary of the Elector of Brandenburg sign'd the Treaty of Peace betwixt his most Christian Majesty and the Elector of Brandenburg Some time after the Peace was likewise sign'd betwixt France Sweden Denmark and the Duke of Holstein Gottorp The Marriage of the Princess Mary-Loüise of Orleans with the King of Spain ANno 1679. the second of July after the suit which the Marquess de los Balbazez made of Mademoiselle in the name for the King of Spain the Chancellor of France the Marshal Duke de Villeroy the Sieurs Colbert and de Pomponne Ministers and Secretaries of State were nominated by the King for drawing the Articles of the Contract of Marriage which was sign'd the ninth by the Commissaries nominated and the Marquess de los Balbazez Embassadour Extraordinary of Spain The 26th of August the Contract of Marriage of the King of Spain was sign'd in the King of France's Closet by all the Royal House and by the Marquess de los Balbazez and afterward the Affiances were made by Cardinal Boüillon great Almoner of France The Ceremony of the Marriage was perform'd in the Chappel of the House of Fontainebleau The 20th of September the Queen of Spain parted from Fontainebleau for Spain she went into a Coach with the King the Queen M. le Dauphin Monsieur and Madame they went together two leagues on the way and parted from each other after having bid an Adieu very tenderly Her Catholick Majesty accompanied with Monsieur and Madam went on her way the Marquess and Marchioness de los Balbazez went the Journey with her The 30th of December of the year before-mentioned 1679. was sign'd at Munic the Contract of Marriage of M. le Dauphin with the Electoral Princess of Bavaria Mary An-Christian Victoir A Continuation of Affairs of this time THe King re-establisht by an Edict of 1679. the study of the Civil Law which had not been taught since the Ordinance of Blois of the year 1579. Messieurs Boucherat and de Bezons Counsellors of State who were nominated Commissioners for determining the difficulties which might hinder the execution of the Edict were present at the Harang which the Sieur Deloy Professor made the 17th of December in the Schools of Law to thank his Majesty for the favour granted Some time after the King to render more flourishing the study of the Civil Law of Paris made a Society of twelve Doctors who took the Oath tendred them by the same two Counsellors of State nominated Commissaries for this effect the Sieurs Boccager and le Gendre are of the number of the associated Doctors for their particular merit His most Christian Majesty appointed 200000 Livres to be distributed in the Diocesses of Narbonne Beziers Agde and S. Pons by reason of the Damages that they had suffered by the drought of the same year An. 1680. on the 15th of January the Contract of Marriage of Loüis Armand de Bourbon Prince of Conti with Mademoiselle de Blois Ann Mary de Bourbon was sign'd in the Kings Chamber the next day after Cardinal Boüillon perform'd the Ceremony of Marriage in the Chappel of the House of S. Germain in Laye The King nominated Abbot Hervaux to the Office of Auditor of the Rota possess'd before by Messire Charles de Bourlemont LORAIN LOrain Lotharingia took its name from Lotharius Grandchild of the Emperour Charlemagne The Ducal and Soveraign House of Lorain contains many Escotcheons over all a Bend Gules charg'd with three Alerions Argent in memory of Godefroy de Boüillon who at one sole shoot of an Arrow broacht three little Birds on it Its Princes bear also in their Arms the Cross of Hierusalem by reason of their pretences to the two Sicilies whereof the Kings were also Kings of Hierusalem Lorain has for capital City Nancy two Duchies that of Lorain and that of Bar. They count there three Bailiwicks or Seats of Judicature to wit that of Nancy that of Germany Lorain and that of Vauge These Bailiwicks comprize a great many Lands and Lordships as the County of Vaudemont the Marquisat Nomeni the Marquisat Hatonchatel the Lordships of Epinal on the Moselle Marsal Blamont Salverdin Boulai c. Charles the Fourth Duke of Lorain Uncle of Charles the Fifth Son of Francis Count of Vaudemont was depriv'd of his Estates for some years and restor'd to them upon the general Peace by special Articles the 3d of March 1661. The King of France and the King of Spain have been Masters the one of the Estates of this Prince and the other of his Person Henry the Second King of France conquer'd Metz Toul and Verdun these three Towns were straitly united to the Crown of France by the Treaty of Munster and by that of the Pyreneans Loüis the Thirteenth conquer'd the Town Bar le Duc and all the Country of Barrois and also the strong places Moyenvic Stenai Dun Jametz and the County of Clermont which ought to continue incorporated to France according to the Treaty of Peace made in the Isle of Faisans 1659. Loüis the Fourteenth on consideration of this Peace restor'd Prince Charles to the possession of the Dutchy of Lorain after having caus'd his Fortifications of Nancy to be demolish'd on condition that the Duke should leave off all Leagues Intelligences Associations and Practices with any Prince whatsoever which having not perform'd his Majesty dispossess'd him Since this Treaty of Peace Duke Charles has yielded up to the most Christian King the Property and Soveraignty of his Duchy of Lorain and Bar. The most learned Genealogists draw the Origine of the House of Lorain from above 2000 years It descends from Echinoal Maire of the Palace under Clovis the Second King of France 648. It 's the same Family with that of Austria at present Its Princes repair not to the Diets of the Empire fearing lest they should not have that place allow'd them which they pretend to conformable to their Birth The Dutchy of Bar is a Fief holding of the Crown of France The chief Towns of Lorain are NAncy Mireout Luneville Spinal Remiremont Diuze Valdegrange Rosieres Neufchatel c. Those of the Dutchy of Bar BAr le Duc S. Mihiel Pont-Amousson Stenay Estein Vizelise Moyenvic Commerci Pont-Amousson has the title of University its principal Founder was Prince Charles the Third The Country Messin contains a great many Towns Burroughs Villages Hamlets Castles c. At Luneville near Rosieres
there is a fair House of Pleasure belonging to the Dukes of Lorain Mausoleums of the Dukes of Lorain THeir Tombs are in divers Abbeys to wit in that of Clairlieu Clairfountain Beaupre and since these three hundred years at Nancy at S. Georges and at the Cordeliers There are in Lorain four famous Abbeys of Ladies Canonesses to wit of Remiremont EpÃnal Poussai and Boussiere these Ladies may marry themselves excepting the Abbesses and others of the chief they are of Noble extraction Lorain is very fertile both in Corn Wine and Pasturage it brings forth good Horses and divers Animals Venison is almost as common as Beef in a great many Butchers stalls Fish abound there by reason of the River Maes and other Rivers very full of them as the Moselle the Sare the Meurte and the Selle This issues from the Pond Indre of which the Carps alone bring its Master once in three years 16000 Livres of Rent as it has been attested to me by some of the chief Officers of the late Prince Charles the Fourth The other Ponds are considerable there are four or five of this greatness If Switzerland has great Lakes Lorain has Ponds very full of Fish A Lake is distinguisht from a Pond or Marsh that the first is a deep water and has Springs which never dry and a Pond is a gathering together of waters more subject to diminish Ponds are emptied but not Lakes This Country has Salt-works of a great revenue Rosieres Dieuze Marsal Moyenvic Salone and Chasteau are places of Salt-works and excellent Baths particularly those of a place call'd Plombieres whose warm waters are of a great vertue it 's a work of the Romans The Salt-work of Dieuse furnishes Salt to Alsatia that of Rosieres to the three Bishopricks They make no farther use of Marsal and Salone because the others supply abundantly The Switzers take their Salt in Franche Comte The Mountains are fill'd with Mines of Brass Lead Silver Alabaster and particularly of Iron The Forests are full of Game We see there Glass-houses the Sieur de Rochefort says in his Book of Voyages T. 4. p. 374. That there is sometimes danger in seeing them alone when they are in a retired place in the Woods because the Workmen may throw a man into the Furnace to make their Glass as clear and beautiful as Crystal wherefore in regard he would not that they try'd it on him he contented himself with seeing that of Venice and went on his way The Lorainers will not grant this Article The Soyl is so dispos'd to bring forth Trees that if it were not till'd it would all run up to a Forest All Lorain is forty leagues in length and thirty in breadth An. 1220. one of its Dukes Matthew the Second caus'd an evil Justice to be slea'd by reason of the Thefts he had committed and his Skin to be put on the Judicial Seat for his Son to sit on to whom he gave the Office and the terrour of being us'd after the like manner This Prince followed the Example of Cambyses King of Persia with this difference that he caus'd the Judge Chunrad to be slea'd after his death but the other caus'd Sisames to be slea'd alive The House of Lorain has yielded many Saints The Marriage of Prince Charles of Lorain PRince Charles the Fifth is married with the Queen Dowager of Poland the Sister of the Emperour Leopold the Bishop Count Kalonitz gave them the Nuptial Benediction assisted with two other Bishops in the presence of their Imperial Majesties and of all the Court in the Church of Loretta of Neustad The Marriage was consummated the sixth of February 1678. The tenth of February the King of Spain honour'd Prince Charles the Fifth above-mention'd with the Coller of the Order of the Golden Fleece GERMANY LEopold the First of the name of the House of Austria Emperour of Germany was born the 9th of June 1640. was chosen King of Hungary An. 1655. King of Bohemia An. 1656. elected King of the Romans An. 1658. and crown'd Emperour at Francfort on the Main An. 1659. where the three Ecclesiastical Electors and the Elector Palatine repair'd the others sent thither their Embassadours as also the King of France the King of Spain and others The Emperours of Germany are Catholicks The Empire bears Or an Eagle displayed sable membred langued becked and adorn'd with a Diadem Gules It has for Device Vno avulso non desicit alter The Livery of the Emperours of the House of Austria is yellow The 14th of October 1676. the Emperour Leopold some time after the death of the Empress Margaret of Austria Daughter of Philip the Fourth King of Spain and Sister of the Queen of France declar'd for his future Spouse the Princess Mary Magdalen-Therese-Eleonor of Newburg The Marriage was consummated at Passau the 14th of December following The Bishop of that Town bless'd it assisted with two Prelates he of Aicstad was of the number Their Imperial Majesties made their solemn Entries at Vienna the 20th of January 1677. The Canons of the Arsenal were carried on the Ramparts and all the Citizens put themselves in Arms by the order of the Magistrate Count Montecuâ—uâ—â— was declar'd Prince of Amalfo the 31th of March 1678. The 26th of July of the same year on the day of S. Anne the Empress was brought to bed of a Prince who is call'd the Archduke of Austria He was given at the Font of Baptism the names of Joseph James John Ignatius Antony and Eutache The Dutchess of Newburg presented to the Empress her Daugher a Bed and a Cradle of silver Vienna in Austria on the Danubins is the Capital City and the ordinary place of residence of the Emperour His Palace is August though it appears very ancient It has four Pavilions The chief Imperial Houses of Pleasure in the Country LVxembourg Favorites Neustad Kanisburg Ebersdorf and others The Church of the Capucins of Vienna is the ordinary bural place of the Emperors of the House of Austria in a Vault and many Obsequies are solemniz'd for three days in the Church of the little discalceated Augustins The Cathedral-Church is dedicated to S. Steven The Coronation of the Emperour with the signification of the three Crowns THe Emperour is crown'd ordinarily with three sorts of Corwns the first is of Iron the second of Silver the third of Gold The Crown of Iron denotes the Strength which an Emperour ought to have that of Silver signifies the Pureness that of Gold the Charity The Emperours formerly went to Milan to receive the Crown of Silver and to Rome for that of Gold at present they go no longer the Pope confirms the Election and Coronation Since Charles the Fifth no Emperour has been crown'd by the hands of his Holiness At Aix la Chappelle is kept the Crown of Iron with one of Silver and at Nuremberg many Ornaments which are made use of at the Coronation of the Emperours There are to be seen there the Dalmatica of
above three days together unless he has permission from the Burgomasters and the number of persons which he brings there with him is limited He keeps in the Town a Magistrate who judges criminal Processes assisted with two Sheriffs The People of the Country call this Town Collen The Empress Agrippina Julia Wife of the Emperour Claudius having been born there and peopled it with Romans gave it its name since that time it is call'd Colonia Agrippina Trajan was chosen Emperour there It is said amongst the Germans that he who has not seen Cologne has not seen Germany Qui non vidit Coloniam non vidit Germaniam This Proverb supposes it to be very famous Ammianus Marcellinus calls it Vrbem ampli nominis munitissimam amplam copiosam The Rhine gives it the figure of a Bow or of a Crescent because it bends it self there by reason of some Banks which are carefully kept The French took it under Childeric the First and it continued in their hands to the Emperour Otho the First who restor'd it again to the Empire amongst the Free and Hans-Towns It has for Devise Colonia fidelis Romanae Ecclesiae filia and for Arms three Crowns Or. It has a great number of Churches and other beautiful Edifices Good Walls and double Trenches environ it It s ordinary Guard is of three hundred Waloons or Germans In the Metropolitan Church which is consecrated under the name of S. Peter and the three Kings called vulgarly the Dome are shewn the three Heads or Sculls being very black of the three Kings or Magi who adored the Son of God in the Manger and it is believ'd that they are there entire The Church of St. Vrsula is famous by reason of the eleven thousand Virgins cast by a Tempest on the coasts of Germany There are seen an infinite number of bones all round the walls of the Quire in high Cupboards and many Tombs in the body of the Church and on an Altar many heads of silver where is that of St. Vrsula The Colledge of Sorbonne a Member of the faculty of Divinity of Paris has for Patronesses this holy Daughter of a King and her Companions Cardinal Baronius says in his Annotations on the Roman Martyrologie that the true History of these Virgins is lost thence it comes that we find many uncertain things of it Mr. Joli Canon of the Church of Paris has said remarkable things of it in his Book entituled A Voyage made to Munster in Westphalia and many other neighbouring places An. 1646 and 1647. Printed by Francis Clauzier Father Boussingault in his Guide of the Low Countries p. 101. and 219. says that the Church St. Mary of the Capitol has two Bodies and two Quires in the one of which the Canons say their Office and in the other the Canonesses where the one being on one side and the others on the other they sing the Praises of God There is a like thing practis'd at Nivelle in Brabant the Canons come on certain days of the year into the Church of the Canonesses to sing with them The Abbess as Lady spiritual and temporal of the Town of Nivelle it being of her Jurisdiction presides in the Chapter the Canons and Canonesses joyntly confer the Benefices which are vacant by the death or by the marryage of the Canonesses The Ladies wear in the Church a Rochet with a black Mantle over it which trains on the ground a starcht Linnen-cloath on their arm instead of the Aumusse or the furr'd Ornament worn by Canons and a Couvre-chef on their head St. Bruno Founder of the Charthusians was born at Cologne and Mary de Medicis dyed there the third of July 1643. In the same year dyed Loüis the Thirteenth and Cardinal Richelieu Cologne has had eighty Bishops and Archbishops from Matternus to Maximilian Henry of Bavaria seventeen Bishops preceded there the Metropolitans St. Agilulfe was its first Archbishop Pope Zachary declar'd this Church Metropolitan An. 744. The Suffragans are Munster Minden and Osnaburg An Observation on the three Ecclesiastical Electors YOu must observe that the three Ecclesiastical Electors have no Passive Voice in the Assemblies of Election that is to say they cannot nominate themselves Emperours they may nominate and give their Suffrages for others but not for themselves it having not been judg'd proper that one and the same head should wear the Miter and the Imperial Crown and one and the same hand carry the Cross and the Sword and to the end that since they cannot arrive at the Crown they may keep the other Electors within the bounds of their devoir Another Observation on the Lay Electors THe Secular Electors may nominate themselves Sigismond of Luxembourg King of Bohemia nominated himself after the death of Robert of Bavaria and the other Electors acknowledging his merit gave him unanimously their Voices and Suffrages The Ecclesiastical Electors are elected by their Chapters who may exercise the Archiepiscopal Functions during the vacancy of the See but not the Electoral The Electoral Habit. THe Electoral Habit comes near that of the Presidents of Soveraign Courts That of the Ecclesiastical Electors is of Scarlet Cloath and that of the Lay Electors is of Crimson Velvet They are all lin'd with Hermines as likewise their Cap. There are some of them to be seen drawn at large with their ceremonial Habits in one of the fairest and richest Galleries of Duke Mazarin formerly belonging to the Cardinal of this name The King of Bohemia instead of the Electoral Cap wears a Royal Crown on his head You must observe that An. 1673. the Town of Cologne was chosen to treat there of a Peace betwixt the Kings of France and of Great Britain and the Hollanders and the Assembly was held at the Convent of the Carmelites a place very convenient His most Christian Majesty sent thither for his Plenipotentiaries the Duke of Chaulne and the Sieurs Courtin and de Barillon who arriv'd there the first the King shewing that he would not retard the work of Peace where so many Princes concern'd themselves though loaded with Victories They were followed by three Embassadours of Sweden who had a deference of Honour from all the rest they being then in quality of Mediators Two Plenipotentiaries came afterward from England and they expected for third the Earl of Sunderland chief of the Embassie During his absence Sir Joseph Williamson perform'd for him Those of Holland came to the number of four and afterward the Plenipotentiaries of Spain who had no other quality but of Envoys The Elector of Cologne had one Embassadour Prince William of Fustemberg the Elector of Brandenburg sent thither the Baron of Zminzin who had a Colleague The Emperour deputed the Baron d'Isola and others and the Bishop of Munster sent two there He was one of the Parties concern'd This Illustrious Assembly had no success because the seizing and carrying away by force the person of Prince William of Furstemberg by the Imperialists though vested with the character
Family that of the Palatinate of the Rhine that of Bavaria and that of Cologne which has been for about an Age in this House The Elector of Saxony JOhn Georges the Third of the name Duke of Saxony Landtgrave of Thuringia Marquess of Misnia Great Marshal or Great Gentleman of the Horse of the Empire Prince and Elector Luth. Quarterly 1. upper Saxony 2. Thuringia 3. Misnia 4. lower Saxony Over all the Electorate which is barrely Or and Sable upon that a Crown Verte placed Bendways Dresde on the River Elbe is at present the ordinary place of Residence of this Elector His Revenue both ordinary and extraordinary may amount to about eight millions of Livres Magdebourg is the greatest Town of all the Country The Elector of Brandenburg possesses it by vertue of the Treaty of Munster according to which the Empire has consented that he hold in Soveraignty the Archbishoprick of Magdebourg and the two Bishopricks of Albestad and Minden to indemnifie him for Pomeranâ—a Vlterior possess'd by the Swedes Besides that his Electoral Highness of Brandenburg keeps a great Garison at Magdebourg he spares nothing in fortifying it The present Archbishop who is Lutheran is also Bishop of All. He enjoys a great Revenue This Prelate or Governour is of the House of Saxony He is married and has Children well grown in years Amongst his Titles he takes that of Primate of Germany the Electoral Archbishops contest this Primacy with him The House of Saxony is esteem'd one of the most antient of Europe Wittemberg was formerly the Seat of the Duke This Town is known throughout the Earth for having first followed the Heresiarch Luther Native of Islebe in the County of Mansfel who having liv'd some time in the Order of the Fryers Hermites of S. Austin left them An. 1517. The publication of a Plenary Indulgence throughout all Christendom in favour of a Croisade against the Turks serv'd him as a Stumbling-block because Cardinal Albert of Brandenbourg Archbishop of Mayence and Commissary of the holy See permitted Father John Tetzellius a Dominican to publish this great Indulgence Martin Luther who at that time was a Religious man and Professor in Divinity took so great a pique at it through a motive of Jealousie and sell into such a fury being assisted by John Stuaupire Vicar-general of his Order that he began to preach against the Pope and against his Indulgences maintaining that they were diabolical Inventions that the Roman Church must be left and a Sect made apart that there needs no Fasting that Ecclesiasticks Religious men ad women ought to marry and an infinite store of the like Errours The sensuality of his Doctrine joyn'd with the Revenues of the Church being employ'd in Pomps in Vanities other worse things drew to him a great many Followers and even persons of power John Frederick Elector of Saxony and Sichingi a great German Captain upheld Luther He chang'd the name of Ludder which signifies a Mocker and Thief into that of Luther which signifies Pure and dyed An. 1646. sixty three years and some months old He made his own Epitaph in these words Pestis eram vivus moriens ero mors tua Papa This Butterflye threaten'd an Elephant the Plague is ceast and the Popes live without interruption in glory Melancthon speaks of this Epitaph in his Funeral-Oration Vpper Saxony belongs to the Elector the lower to the House of Brunswick for the greatest part of it and to that of Saxony Lavenburg on the Elbe which is the Head of the Illustrious House of Anhalt comprizing the Towns of Hambourg Breme and the County of Oldenburg The Town of Brunswick in the middle of Saxony is very much enlarg'd it is at present under the government of the Duke of Wolfem-buttel Head of his Family These three Brothers the Duke of Zell of Hanover and the Bishop of Osnaburg are of the same House The Elector of Brandenburg FRederick William Marquess of Brandenburg Great Chamberlain of the Empire and Elector Duke of Prussia Magdeburg Juliers Cleves Monts Stetin Pomerania Cassubia Windalia or Wenden of Crossen and of Jagendorff Bourgrave of Nuremberg Prince of Alberstad and of Minde Earl of la Mark and Ravenspurg Lord of Ruvestein and other places These are the Titles which I saw in a Brief which his Electoral Highness gave to a person of my acquaintance This Prince was born the sixth of Feb. 1620. he does not enjoy Crossen and Jagendorff but the Emperour This Elector Frederick William married in his first marriage Loüise Henrietta Princess of Orange An. 1646. who dyed the eighth of June 1667. and in his second marriage Dorothy Daughter of Philip of Holstein Gluxbourg Dowager of Christian Loüis Duke of Brunswick the 14th of June 1668. He has many Children by both He is a Calvinist He bears divers Quarterings containing several Alliances and Principalities over all Azure a Scepter in pale Or which belongs to the Electorate a triple Helm and triple Crest The Livery of this Elector is of a blue colour Brandenburg is the capital City of the Marquisate to which it gives the name it is seated on the River Havel It is seen at a great distance by reason of its two great Towers This Town has the title of Bishoprick Luther receiv'd there the Order of Priesthood Berlin Spandau and Posdam are the ordinary places of Residence of his Electoral Highness Berlin is the greatest Town of the Marquisate here nam'd the River Suevus waters it It s Soil is the most fertile and pleasant of the Marcha of Brandenburg Berlin is as big as Montpellier or Beziers They count there three Towns to wit Coln otherwise Cologne on Suevus where is the Palace of the Elector the ancient Town of Berlin and the new which is call'd Fridericverde This Elector next the Emperour has more Land and Souldiery than any of the other Princes of Germany He has ordinarily twenty five or thirty thousand men on foot and good Souldiers His Revenue ordinary and extraordinary is eleven or twelve Millions some say fourteen His Court is Royal and is the best of the Empire next that of his Imperial Majesty He has three Provinces which go by the name of la Marcha to wit the Old the New and the Mean Three Bishopricks Brandenburg le Buz and Havelsberg Frederick Burgrave of Nuremburg bought An. 1417. the March of Brandenburg of the Emperour Sigismond for four hundred thousand Florins after having first sold his Burgraviate for two hundred and forty thousand Florins The Estates of this Elector contain in length above two hundred German leagues from Hussen near Arnhen to Memel in Prussia they are not large This Prince goes on his Lands from the Low Countries as far as Poland and Curland The Oder the Elbe and the Havel water these Estates This Prince is descended from the House of the Earls of Zolleren in Suabia in the Diocess of Constance whereof the Head of the Family is Catholick This Elector has done memorable things
they are no longer at Ancona because they were too remote from Rome Places of Pleasure TIvoli Frascati the Villa of Pamphilio those of Burghesi of Farnesi of Aldobrandini of Montalto of Ludovisio of the Duke of Florence of the Prince Palestrini and of Matthei are very famous places of pleasure We see there the Gardens adorn'd with all rare pieces the Lodgings richly furnished the Galleries and privy Closets full of all that is curious and splendid in Rome Mazarini's Palace is of the number of the most beautiful it belongs at present to the Duke of Nevers Pope Clement the Tenth much embellisht the Bridge St. Angelo by causing to be placed on it twelve fair Statues of white Marble admirably well done and of a great height each on its Pedestals St. Peter and St. Paul stand first and on each side of them at fit distances to the end we see five Angels holding in their hands some Instrument of the Passion of our Saviour This Bridge has two fair Galleries with Iron Ballisters The Gate del Populo formerly called Flavius Gate is at present a Master-piece they call it the Gate of the People because of its nearness to the Monastery of St. Mary of the People it is of the invention of Michael Angelo The Town-hall was formerly the Capitol The Castle St. Angelo is called by this name because an Angel appeared on the top of it with a naked Sword in his hand which he put up in its Scabbard shewing by that that God was appeas'd This Apparation happened on a day that St. Gregory the Great carried in a solemn Procession the Image of the Virgin at a time when the Plague wholly dispeopl'd Rome This Scourge ceased as soon as the Angel had sheathed his Sword There is to be seen since in that place the Figure of an Angel in Marble The Emperour Adrian a great lover of Building caused this Fortress to be built which was the place where he was buried Pope Sixtus the V. left there five millions of Gold with a Bull defending all Popes under pain of Excommunication to alienate them but in the extremest necessity for the defence of the Popes and of the City Pope Vrban the Eighth caused this Castle to be well fortified placing in it the fairest pieces of Cannon that are any where to be seen there are six which were given by a King of England some of them are made of many Statues of the false Gods melted The Tower in the middle of it is so elevated that it commands all the approaches of the Town The Coridor of the Vatican-Palace reaching to the Castle St. Angelo is very convenient for the retreat of the Popes in times of War or of Sedition Other Ornaments of Rome IN Rome the beautiful Churches the fair Pillars the Antiquities the Popes Court the Aquaeducts the large Streets the Obelisks the Mausolea the Catacombi the Library of the Vatican draw the admiration of all men There is so great a number of Fountains that it's thought if they ran all into one Channel they would make a River and some think large enough to bear Vessels The Vatican draws its Etymology from Answers or Oracles which the Latines call Vaticinia It s Library is described by the Sieur le Gallois in his book intituled Traite des plus belles Bibliotheques de l'Europe It contains excellent Disquisitions and Curiosities It was printed at Paris An. 1680. The Rota is a famous Tribunal composed of twelve Auditors of different Nations the jurisdiction whereof extends it self on beneficiary and profane causes It 's thought they are so called because they sit in a Circle and roul about the most important differences of the Christian World Their Judgments are called Decisions of the Rota and to express well their force and authority it suffices to say The Rota has thus determined The chief Towns of Italy with their Epithetes and Elogies are ROme the Holy Roma la Santa Naples the Noble Napoli la Gentile Venice the Rich Venetia la Ricca Genoa the Proud Genova la Superba for its Palaces and Buildings Milan the Great Milano la Grando Bolonia the Fat Bolonia la Grassa for the fertility of its Soil Ravenna the Ancient Ravenna l'Antica Padua the Learned Padua la Dotta for its University because good learning has always flourisht there According to Sabellicus we may place Mantua in parallel with Ravenna for Antiquity and with Bolonia for the goodness of its Soil Italy is called the Garden of Europe for its charming Delights and Beauty and according to the Proverb A man has seen no fine Country if he has not seen Italy I cannot end this Paragraph of the remarkable Towns of Italy without naming that of Melphi in the Kingdom of Naples which is famous for having brought forth Flavio to whom is attributed the invention of the Sea-Compass which shews Pilots the course they ought to steer the place whence they come and that whither they are going and where they are According to the common Opinion this Flavio of Melphi invented it the year of our Salvation 1300 It was called Boussole from Buxus or Buxeolus because those of the West put it at first in a Case of Box. The Sieur Faucher President of the Mint-concern says that it was called in France for above 400 years the Marinotte Some persons over-speculative think it may be presumed to have been in use in the time of the Children of Noah because they had Iron and the Load-stone proper to compose it and the knowledge of the Mathematicks Levinus and Pineda say that Solomon's Pilots made use of it to go to the Iflands of Tharsis and of Ophir The Scripture notes that Solomon having equipt a Fleet on the Coast of the Red Sea Hiram King of Tyre furnisht him with his Sea-men skill'd in the Art of Navigation The Greek Poet writes that the Pole was observed in Navigation in the time of the Trojan War And the Latine Poet that men observed the Stars And thence some think that this could not be done without the Sea-Compass not considering that men before did nothing but coast about upon the Sea and sail in Roads After having mention'd the Town of Melphi on the account of Flavio that of Ferrara comes into my mind on the occasion of a great Lover of Learning viz. Coelius Calcagninus a Noble Person of Ferrara living Anno 1249. it was his will to be buried in his Library which has this Inscription on the door Index tumuli Coelii Calcagnini qui ibidem voluit sepeliri ubi semper vixit The chief Rivers THe River Po the Tiber Ticinus Doero Laddo Rubicon called now Pisatello Menzo Garrigliano Offranto in Poüille Arnus and others The Po is called by the Greeks Eridanus it passes at Turin Cazal and Valentia near Milan and at other places This River is famous amongst the Poets for the fabulous fall of young Phaeton its source is in the highest Mountain of the Alps called Montviso on the
which was the 27th day of October as it appears by the Chronicle of the Abbey of St. Victor He was consecrated and crowned at Avignon in the month of November following being about twenty five years of age The Prophecy was Gallus Vicecomes When he received the news of his Election he pronounced the words of the Psalmist A Domino factum est istud est mirabile in oculis nostris We find in his Arms in the Popes Armorial an Oak forked Or in a Field Azure the name Roure signifying an Oak in the Gascoign Tongue The Country of his birth was exempted from Tributes by the Kings of France to honour the merit of his person He founded many Monasteries Churches and Colledges built two beautiful Palaces in Italy one at Orvietto and the other at Montefiasco He transported himself to Rome to allay some disorders and excommunicated Bernaboüe Viscount of Milan for having burnt two holy Religious men who had reprehended him with all sort of respect for his debaucht and tyrannical life causing his Subjects eyes to be torn out of their heads and to be strangled that hunted in his Lands contrary to his command whom he constrained to keep for him five or six thousand Dogs This great Prelate shewed to the people the heads of St. Peter and of St. Paul crowned Charles of Luxemburg Emperour St. Brigit Princess of Sweden received from him the confirmation of her Order We may see at large the good and admirable actions of this Pope in Platina du Chesne Coulomb Gautruche and others He governed the Ship of St. Peter eight years and four months His body lies at Marseilles in the Church of the Abbey of St. Victor after having first continued eleven months deposited in the Church of Nostre dame de Dons at Avignon where he died the 19th of December of the year 1370. The Cardinals celebrated his Obsequies with the accustomed Ceremonies He is in the Catalogue of canonized Saints In the House of Roure there have been two other Popes viz. Sixtus the Fourth and Julius the Eleventh both of Genoa Gregory the Eleventh of Limosin called formerly Peter Roger of the House of Beaufort which subsists still in that of the Marquess of Canilhac in Auvergne was Son of William Earl of Beaufort and of Jane Sister to Pope Clement the Sixth Before his Exaltation he was Canon of the Church of Paris Dean of the Cathedral of Bayeux and then afterwards Cardinal by the Title of St. Mary la Neuve His Prophecy was Novus de Virgine fortis It is he that founded for perpetuity in the Church of Nostre dame of Paris the station that is dayly kept there at nine a clock in the morning before the Altar of the Virgin He died at Rome the 27th of March of the year 1372. some say Anno 1376. others Anno 1378. Two hundred years after his death the Italians erected a new Monument of Marble in his memory in the Church where he was buried as an acknowledgment of the Benefits received from him and caused to be graved on it this Epitaph in great Letters Christi Saluti Gregorius XI Lemovicensi humanitate doctrinâ pietateque admirabili qui ut Italioe seditionibus laboranti mederetur sedem Pontificiam Avenione diu translatam divini afflatus numine hominumque maximo plausu post Annos LXX Roman foeliciter perduxit Pontificatûs sui de Anno VII S. P. Q. R. tantoe Religionis Beneficii non Immemor Gre. XIII P. Opt. Max. comprobante An. ab orbe Redempto MDLXXXIV The Italians call the time during which the Holy See was at Avignon till its re-establishment in Rome the years of the Transmigration of Babylon The Church had two hundred forty four Popes from Saint Peter to Innocent the Eleventh There remains yet to come twenty five according to the Prophecies of St. Malachie Primate of Ireland and then will happen the great day of the General Judgment which will close the door of Time and open that of Eternity These Prophecies are not proposed as Articles of Faith for who is the man that can know the times and the moments This is reserved to God alone Jesus Christ said to his Apostles that no body knows the hour of this great Day All that is said is grounded on conjectures and on adjusted senses because the Law of Nature lasted two thousand years the written Law two thousand years it is thought that the Evangelical Law will continue so long Nothing can be said thereon for certain nor concerning the Popes to come before their creation The future Popes conformably to the Prophecies mentioned are these 1. POenitentia Gloriosa 2. Rastrum in Porta 3. Flores Circumdati 4. De Bonâ Religione 5. Miles in bello 6. Columna excelsa 7. Animal Rurale 8. Rosa Vmbrioe 9. Vrsus velox 10. Peregrinus Apostolicus 11. Aquila rapax 12. Canis Coluber 13. Vir Religiosus 14. De Balneis Etrurioe 15. Crux de Cruce 16. Lumen in Coelo 17. Ignis Ardens 18. Religio de Populata 19. Fides Intrepida 20. Pastor Angelicus 21. Pastor ex Nautâ 22. Flos Florum 23. De Medietate Lunoe 24. De Labore solis 25. Gloria Olivoe These Prophecies are inserted in a book called Lignum Vitoe composed by Arnold Vvion Benedictin St. Malachie began them by Coelestin the Second to the coming of Antichrist and died Anno 1298. in the Abbey of Clairvaux in the arms of St. Bernard who has writ his Life These two great persons are buried the one by the other behind the High Altar The chief Princes of Italy after the Pope are the five following The Duke of Savoy VIctor-Amé the second of the name Duke of Savoy Prince of Piemont Marquess of Saluzze c. was born Anno 1666. professes the Catholick Religion he shews in the tenderness of his age a viril Judgment which raises admiration in Foreign Ministers and gives great hopes that he will one day be Master of the excellent Qualities of his Father which will live in him by the care of his Mother Regent who being ignorant of nothing that ought to be known took care of his Estates during his minority and appointed him persons whom she made choice of for forming his Manners and Conduct The Dutchess laid down the Regency Anno 1680 into the hands of her Son This Prince gave her his thanks for the care she had taken of his Person and of his Estates and pray'd her to continue to assist him in the Government I shall set down but part of his Coat of Arms though very excellent and most noble because his Scutcheon is extreamly charg'd They may be seen at large in some good book of Heraldry and those of other crowned heads I shall say onely that the Dukes of Savoy bear the silver Cross for having relieved the Isle of Rhodes and repelled the Turks An. 1315. and that for acknowledgment the Knights gave them the Cross with this Motto FERT which signifies Fortitudo
ejus Rhodum tenuit I shall also say that these Dukes bear the Arms of the Kingdom of Cyprus This Crown gives them the Title of Royal Highness They are descended from the ancient House of Saxony They were called in the first place Earls of Morienne then Earls of Savoy till Amedée the Eighth whom the Emperour Sigismond created Duke Anno 1416 or 1417. It was Amé the Fifth surnamed the Great who caused Mahomet the second of the name Emperour of the Turks to raise his Siege from before the City of Rhodes The House of Savoy has been acknowledged Soveraign for above six hundred years it has afforded many Empresses and Queens Turin in the Plain of Piemont on the Bank of the Po is the capital City of the Dukes Territories Chamberry is of Savoy and has a Parliament The Court of this Prince is very splendid his Royal Highness holds it at Turin where there is a great Garison The Dukes new Palace is one of the finest of Italy it is composed of four pavillions with great piles of Lodgings joyning to it and in a great Court is seen the brazen Figure of Charles Emanuel the Second on a Horse of Marble represented to the life The old Palace flankt with four great round Towers guarded with a large Trench and which faces a large void space is embellished with a fair Gallery filled with excellent Pictures which represent the Christian Princes and the Genealogy of the Dukes of Savoy The little Chariot with six horses in their harness all cover'd with pretious Stones is an Ornament and many other Rarieties The Metropolitan Church called the Dome dedicated to St. John is the depository of the holy face-cloath on which we see imprinted the face and other parts of the body of the Son of God The other Towns of Piemont are Vercelli Susa Turée Mondevis Ast Carignan Carmagnolo St. Tas. Susa is the first that is found at the entrance of Italy at the foot of the Alps ten leagues from Turin Pompey established there a Colony which gives testimony of its antiquity It has passed for the Capitol of the small Principality of the little King Coetius This Country is fertile Provisions are cheap and Silver scarce because there is no Trade Susa which is in Persia is more renowned than that before-mentioned because the great Assuerus who commanded from the Indies even to Æthiopia an hundred twenty seven Provinces and other Kings have held there their Court Piemont has two or three Rivers whose banks afford Gold it is found divided into slender parcels called Threads The way of gathering it is noted in a book intituled Conversations de l' Academie de l' Abbé Bourdelot in the Chapter of the Philosophers Stone which was the subject of a long Conference The principal Towns of Savoy after Chamberry are Anneci St. John de Morienne Monstier in Tarentaise and others Montmebian is the strongest place Savoy was called by this name as who would say Sauve-voye or safe-way and this since it was purged of Way-Robbers and Murtherers who rendered the ways dangerous and unpassable or else from a Village called Sabbatie or Sabaudie which Ptolomy and other Geographers place under the Alps. According to the opinion most followed it took its name from Sabaudus Archbishop of Arles who made it Catholick Its Mountains bring forth many Monkeys These Animals sleep six months of the year they have the mussel and ears of a Squiril and four long and sharp teeth the legs short great nails on their feet and the hair rough Chimney-sweepers bring of them to Paris they are easily taken when they are asleep The Latines call this Animal Mus Alpinus There are a great many in the Mountains of Switzerland Chateauniere deGrenaille tells us that persons that cannot sleep or that are tormented with the Cholick find themselves relieved by rubbing their belleys with their fat Many Mountaineers get Strumous swellings by drinking Snow-water which by its crudity ill quality causes the glandulous swelling about the throat Mount Cenis and little St. Bernard are the principal passages of the Alps for Italy Great Mount Cenis is the ordinary Road of the Posts of France and little Mount Cenis is a shorter way but more uneasie We find there the invention of a sort of Sled on which a man sitting advances in less than half a quarter of an hour a league by sliding on the Snow from the top of the Mountain to the bottom There are persons trained to this exercise called Sled-drivers who guide the Sled by stopping it when it is necessary with a great Prong of iron which they fix in the way On the top of the Mountain there are houses which they call the Ramass where the Sled-drivers are by whom men cause themselves to be driven on a Sled when they go to Lasneburg We find on the right hand the Chappel into which those persons are carried who are killed by the extremity of the cold in their Journey and on whom is found no mark of their Religion When persons so killed are discovered to be Catholicks they are buried in the next Catholick Church-yard If they are Protestants they are carried into the next Church-yard of theirs Those that go into this Chappel fancy they are in the Kingdom of the Dead the Air is so subtile that those bodies do not putrifie there are many of them entire with their flesh skin and hair without having changed but a very little of their colour They are placed in order upright against the walls of this Chappel a place of sadness and melancholy Mount St. Gothard which is the passage from Switzerland has also a Chappel of persons frozen to death Our Lady of Laghette is very famous two leagues from Nice The greatest part of the Tombs of the Dukes of Savoy are in the rich Abbey of Haute-combe on the Lake Bourget The Dominions of this Prince may be seventy leagues in length and thirty or forty in breadth and in some parts above fifty Spain would have swallowed them up in the minority of Charles Emanuel the Second but France opposing it made them give over the Attempt His Royal Highness has four houses of pleasure about Turin which must not be forgotten to wit that de la Grande Venerie Royal that of Valentin and those of Mirefleur and of Rovili Purpurat must also be added to the number Nor must we omit la Generale which belongs to President Truchy a Minister of State of a great understanding and equally zealous for the service of his Prince At the beginning of the year 1679 the Abbot d' Estrade at his return from his Embassie from Venice where he resided three years was sent to this Court with the Character of Embassadour of France his entry was very solemn He succeeded to Duke Villars chosen for the Embassie of Spain where he formerly was and the Marquess Ferrero was appointed Embassadour of Savoy with the most Christian King The Ratification of the Marriage of the Duke
of Savoy with the Infanta of Portugal was at Lisbone the 18th of Aug. 1679. The 19th of September following the Sieur of the Red hat Deputy and first Syndick of the Town of Geneva accompanied with Sieur Pittet and others had Audience of Madam Royal to give her satisfaction concerning some subjects of complaint that she had made against that Town at the beginning of her Regency He gave her to understand in a fine discourse how sorry his Masters were for all that had happened that their intentions had never been to do any thing that was disagreeable to so great a Princess and that they humbly suppli'd her to forget all that was past by a motion of Generosity and to let them feel the effects of her good will towards them He addressed himself afterwards to his Royal Highness and gave him to understand the desire the Town of Geneva had to merit his good will and the part they took in the glory that the Prince acquired by his Marriage with the Infanta of Portugal Heiress of so great a Kingdom These Deputies were presented each before their departure with a Chain of Gold The Great Duke of Tuscany Cosmus the Third Great Duke of Tuscany of the House of Medices Cath. He bears Or with five Roundles Gules and one in cheif Azure charged with three Flower-de-luces Or. This Prince is Son of Ferdinand the Second of Victoria de la Roüere he married the 19th of April 1661. by Proxie the Princess Louïse Marguerite of Orleans Daughter of late Gaston of France Duke of Orleans and of the deceased Marguerite of Lorain Cardinal Bonzi performed the Ceremony in the Chappel of the Louvre From this Marriage are issued two Princes and a Princess Anno 1531. Florence changed its Popular Government into a Monarchical under the authority of the Emperour Charles the Fifth and had for Prince Alexander de Medices Nephew to Pope Clement the Seventh And Anno 1569 Pope Pius the Fifth gave to Cosmus Successor of Alexander the Title of Great Duke of Tuscany for having sent into France bands of Souldiers against those of the pretented Religion the Authors of the first Wars of Religion and made him see his Bulls executed Florence is the Capital of the whole State on the River Arne and the place of abode of the Great Dukes This Town has two strong Castles and a Citadel The Duke lives in the Palace on the Model of which that of Luxemburg at Paris was built Its Galleries are very curious and very rich there are seen in a Hall Chairs of silver a Service of massie gold two Spheres the one of the heavens and the other of the Earth both of cast Brass artistically made the barrel of a Gun and its battery of Gold made by one of its Dukes great Candlesticks with feet of Amber a great Loadstone And in another Hall a great many of the Works of Titian of Michael Angelo and of Raphael Vrbin and an infinite number of other Wonders The Garden contains many excellent Figures those of Adam and Eve are accomplisht Pieces it has large and beautiful Walks excellent Knots large Trees pleasant Fountains great Cisterns and fine Flowers The Chappel of St. Laurence is the Mausoleum of the Dukes it is very large and of a round figure in the inside they have not spared Jasper Porphire Alabaster Pearls c. the outside is of the fairest Marble that could be got Under the Chappel is the Vault where are many Tombs In the Chappel is placed a Tabernacle made of Saphirs Diamonds Emeralds and Rubies which was formerly kept in a Cabinet in one of the Great Dukes Galleries and dazeled the eyes of the Spectators The Palace of Strosses is famous for its structure The Great Dukes Houses of Pleasure about Florence are Pratolino Prato Petraria Baroncelli Carregio Poggio Imperiale and Poggio Cajano Florence had the Title of Archibishoprick Cardinal Nerli heretofore Nuncio in France is seated in it The Cordeliers keep there in their Church the Robe of St. Francis Sienna and Pisa are also Archiepiscopal Seats The Academy of Florence has given the Publick a Dictionary which rectifies the Italian Tongue A certain person said once pleasantly on this subject That as the Searce separates the Flour from the Bran this Academy has purified by its Dictionary the Tongue of the Country separating the good terms from those that are not so He that would know the origine of the word Academy may consider that it is on the occasion of a place near Athens which Academus gave to Plato to teach Philosophy in that the name of Academy is since given by way of excellency to illustrious Assemblies where Sciences are cultivated You must observe that this name is general Plato had his Academy Aristotle his Lyceum Zeno his Porticus Epicurus his Gardens divers Sciences were there taught The principal Towns near Florence are Sienna Pisa Legorn a strong place and a Sea-port Pistoya Volaterra Fiorenzola Radicofanis and Portferraya another Sea-port By reason of the liberty of Conscience that is at Legorn there are several sorts of Nations Jews Greeks Turks Armenians and Christians walk all together there in the great Piazza Four Popes have issued from the House of Medecis Steven the Tenth Leo the Tenth Clement the Seventh and Leo the Eleventh two Empresses and two Princesses who have been Queens of France to wit Katherine de Medecis married to Henry the Second Mother of three Kings Mary de Medecis Spouse of Henry the Fourth called the Great This Princess will never die in the memory of the people She gave excellent Fountains throughout all Paris caused the Queens Court to be planted with a great number of Trees which have been augmented by Loüis the Great and caused that august Palace of Luxembourg to be built which is visited and frequented not onely by Parisians but likewise by Strangers who admire the Structure and Symmetry with the rest It is inhabited by two great Princesses of the Royal Bloud Mademoiselle de Montpensier Soveraign of Dembes and Madam de Guise Dutchess of Alencon Tuscany has afforded many Popes the sole Town of Sienna has given Alexander the Third of the Family of Bandinellis Pius the Second and Pius the Third or the House of Picolominy Alexander the Seventh of that Chisi Clement the Ninth was Native of Pistoya A Historiographer of Brandenburg relates that Pope Pius the Fourth having an intention to give the quality of King to a Duke of Florence the Emperour being advertised of it by an Embassadour answered Italia non habet Regem nisi Coesarem Others believe that this Answer was given by Charles the Fifth when he was spoken to concerning the restitution of the Town of Milain to Duke Ludovick Sforce who had deposited it in his hands Some think that the Italian Tongue is more pure at Sienna than in the rest of Italy many think that those persons talk much after the same rate as those who say that better French is spoken
at Blois and at Saumur than at Paris which seems a Paradox for there where the Court is the French Academy the greatest Preachers of the Kingdom and a most renowned Bar the Language ought to be most pure and polite This may be a little Problematical because the diversity of Nations that are at Paris cause the corruption of the Language You must observe that Sienna has a flourishing Academy and that almost all the Towns of Italy have Academies we see them mentioned in a book of the Academy of the Abbot Bourdelot containing divers Researches It is to be had at Thomas Moettes in Harp-street at the signe of St. Alexis The Duke of Mantua Charles the Third of the House of Gonzaga Duke of Mantua Cath. His Arms are Argent a Cross Pattee Gules between four Eagles Sable on the whole an Escutcheon quarterly first gives a Lion Rampant Or and 3 Bars Sable He resides at Mantua a very large strong and pleasant City which was built by Manto the Prophetess Daughter of Tiresias It is esteemed more ancient than Rome by 670 years It is scituated on the Lake Benar which has ten leagues circumference This Town has some Bridges on which a man may walk guarded from the Rain in some places that of St. George is five hundred paces in length Mantua was made a Marquisate An. 1433. by the Emperour Sigismond and a Dutchy Anno 1530. by the Emperour Charles the Fifth in favour of Frederick de Gonzaga The Dukes Palace is very beautiful it is at one of the ends of the Town Montferrat at the foot of the Alps is of his dependancies whereof Cazal is the Capital it 's a very large Fortress its Cavalry are esteemed throughout all Italy Part of Montferrat was yielded to the Duke of Savoy by the Treaty of Peace at Quiras The Duke of Mantua possesses Cazal The Country is very fertile but very small they are there courteous and officious particularly to the French in remembrance of the assistance they â—â—orded them in time of need The two famous Poets Virgil and Tasso were of Mantua The Cathedral-Church called St. Andrew is remarkable for its Pictures and Tombs Under the Quire is a vast Chappel where is preserved the Bloud of the Son of God gathered by St. Longis on Mount Calvary Some little Soveraignties have been dismembred from the Dutchy of Mantua to make Poâ—tions of Lands for younger Brothers Bozolâ— Mirandula Sabioneta Novalara Gustala and others are of the number The Dutchy yield its Prince a million yearly The Body of the Jews there living is composed of above two thousand who are rich by reason of their great Trade the Duke gets great Tribute from them Strangers that go to Mantua if they are curious should not return without visiting Maâ—mirol a Country-house of Pleasure belonging tâ— the Duke This place is charming for its Marble for its Grotto's for its Conduits for it Gardens for its Fountains and Jet d'eaus for its Paintings Sculptures and Figures This State is said to be 35 miles from North to South and 50 from East to West The Po the Seiche the Ogli and the Mine are its most considerable Rivers A Relation of the 23th of August 1679. tells us that a Gentleman was cured at Mantua of a Tertian Ague by an extraordinary Remedy in the strongest time of the Fit He was covered with pieces of Ice in his bed and this freezing Remedy cured him at the first application but he remained so weak that he had much ado to set himself right again The Physicians of the East-Indies on the Coast of Coromandel even at Surat take near the same course with those that have Agues The Spaniards drink with Ice at the strongest time of the Fit The Duke of Modena Alphonsus d'Est the third of the name Duke of Modena Besides this Quality he takes that of Duke of Regio of Prince of Carpi and of Corregio of Marquess d'Est and of Rovigni Cath. His Arms are Azure an Eagle Argent crowned billed and membred Or. Modena is the Capital of the Dutchy of this name and the ordinary place of residence of its Duke Its Bulwarks are made of the ancient fashion If this State be small it is good Renaud Cardinal d'Est Bishop of Regio was Protector of some Crowns at the Court of Rome The Dukal Dignity began in the House of Modena An. 1452. under the Emperour Frederick the Third The ancient Houses of Brunswick in Germany and of Modena in Italy are of the same Stock and make good their Descent almost from the year 800. The Duke of Parma and of Placentia Rainutio Farnesis Duke of Parma and of Placentia Cath. His Arms are Or with six Flower-de-luces Azure Petro Luigi Farnesis was the first Duke of Parma Alexander Farnesis youngest Son of Pedro Luigi was one of the greatest Captains of his Age. Pope Paul the Sixth born at Farnesis began the Council of Trent Parma is the Capital of the Dutchy and the ordinary place of residence of the Duke The Dukes Palace is beautiful the Citadel is not amiss the Soil is good it contains in many places excellent Fields and fat Pastures for feeding all sorts of Cattel and particularly Cows It s great Parmesan-Cheeses are very famous they are sent in so great a number into all parts of Europe that this sole Merchandize is able to inrich the Inhabitants The Country is so fertile that all things necessary and commodious for the life of man are there found The Po the Trebeia and the Taro water it This State has not much above 25 leagues in length and 20 in breadth The Bishop of Trent THe Bishop and Prince of Trent is called Alberti he was made Bishop Anno 1677. The Cathedral Church is dedicated to St. Vigil it is built of great Free-stone even to its high Steeple its Canons are all of Noble extraction and have the right of chusing their Bishop The Town of Trent besides its Antiquity is famous throughout the World for its General and Oecumenical Council held under three Popes It began under Paul the Third Anno 1545. continued under Julius the Third and ended under Pius the Fourth 1563. It continued a long time because it was interrupted on the occasion of Troubles and Wars betwixt Christian Princes All Church-men ought to read continually this Council Trentin is a Province near the Alps. It s Capital City is on the River Adige This Principality is under the protection of the House of Austria as the Principality of Mourgue or Monacho is under that of France The Figure of Italy and its Length ITaly has the figure of a Cavalier's Boot and is 300 common leagues of France in length from Chamberry to Regio which is at the farthest part of Calabria As for its wideness it is small and unequal in some places it is 30 in others 50 and elsewhere 100 French leagues wide The Alps divide it from France and Germany Lombardy is included in Italy The States of Savoy
sound of the Trumpet the people cry'd often Let the King live On this occasion the Romans cryed at the Proclamation of their Emperours The Gods protect and keep you for ever Froissard and Enguerand de Monstrelet cited by Peter de Romuald say that it is not yet 200 years since that in France instead of crying Vive le Roy they cryed Noël Noël that is as though they said Hosanna which signifies Salus Gloria Blessed be him that comes in the Name of the Lord. It 's to the Kings of France that Heaven sent the Holy Vial for their Consecration in the person of Clovis An ancient Poet made these Verses on this Subject Remigius sacris Regem dum lavit in undis Attulit è sacro Chrisma Columba polo. It is those who have the power and vertue of curing the Kings Evil by the touch of their Royal hands and making the sign of the Cross on the Patient and saying The King touches and God cures How redoubtable to Infidels has been the Royal Standart or Banner which some think to have been sent from Heaven to Clovis I shall say no more the splendour of the Majesty of Loüis the Great dazles me I have not the Eyes of an Eagle to look fixtly on the Sun I shall onely add something concerning the Education of Monsieur le Dauphin The Dolphin of France and his Marriage THis Prince came into the world the first day of November 1661. The King has enlightned the steps of his youth and has given him a meet Education and inspired into him that he must never be Absolute but in Reason and Justice These are the firm Pillars of a State His Majesty considering that it is to infect the head of a publick Fountain to corrupt the Soul of a Prince that may one day be seated on the Throne for this reason removes from his company Flatterers and Libertines who might render obscure the precious gifts and rare qualities which Heaven pours with full hands on this Royal Soul which rejoyces France which increases every day more and more by the noble cares by the high lights and by the incomparable Conduct of the Illustrious Persons who have governed and instructed him This Prince in his Orient is the admiration of the whole Court of Ambassadors and of Forreign Ministers and will be one day the Model of the greatest Heroes We see this Divine Plant to grow and rise it self every day to the admiration and glory of France and of the Church Anno 1668 Pope Clement the Ninth sent into France Prince Loüis Cardinal Deacon Duke of Vendôme Legat a Latere to Loüis the Fourteenth for the Solemnity and Ceremony of the Baptism of Monsieur le Dauphin His Holiness was Godfather and he was named Loüis August This Prince has Married the Electoral Princess of Bavaria Mary-Ann-Victoir-Christian People admire her Perfections the excellency of her Understanding her Majestick Air the evenness of her Humour and generally all the excellent qualities that she possesses which yet as eminent as they are are much beneath the Christian Vertues wherewith her fair Soul is endowed This great Princess will give her Spouse Heirs to the Crown and he in exchange will Crown her with Palms and Laurels The Church and the State will gather the fruits of Glory and of Benediction The 7th of March 1680 Cardinal Boüillon great Almoner of France gave them the second Benediction of Marriage at Chalons on Marn Lilia florebunt the Lillies will flourish and diffuse their agreeable odour over all the earth I have spoken of the August Electoral House of Bavaria in the Tract of the Princes Electors of the Empire The Duke of Orleans MOnsieur the only Brother of the King did not fail to signalize his Courage before Lisle and Mastrich when they were reduced and to take Towns on other occasions Before he reduced St. Omer to the Kings Obedience he surpast himself on the eleventh of April of the year 1677. at the Battle which he fought at Cassel being assisted by the Marshals d'Humieres and de Luxembourg where he gained a very great and very famous Victory o'er the Spanish and Dutch Troops commanded by the Prince of Orange The Chevalier de Lorain was always near his person in the Fight and his Brother the Chevalier d'Harcourt may be lookt upon as a second David after having killed at the Battle of Raab the Turkish Goliah who insolently insulted over the Christian Army Cassel is known in History to have been the field of Battle of three Sons of France all called Philip the first was overcome the other two were Conquerers This last and glorious day was remarkable for many singular actions the Cavalry contributed extreamly by their vigour to the gaining of this great Battle they had the advantage to give the beginning to the Victory overthrowing at first onset the left Wing of the Enemy We may say that the first Squadron composed of Scotch and English was not of those that signalized themselves least by the advantage it had to begin and almost to end this great day it was led by the Compt de Bröe more known by the name de la Guette His firmness was like to have cost him his life in the last Charge his sole Squadron which was well kept in order being attackt by five Squadrons of the Enemy This Count Captain-Lieutenant of the English Souldiery for his most Christian Majesty was very fortunate in that it cost him but his liberty ev'n his Enemies rendred Justice to his Merit by treating him with as much Civility as he could wish The Musketeers came very seasonably at the instant that the Victory hanged in doubt they made themselves Masters of the Barricado of Cassel The Commander de Fourbin whose Illustrious and Ancient House has furnisht great Captains and learned Politicians to the State whom our Kings have caressed and honoured with the greatest Employs of the Kingdom and so esteemed them that they have been pleased to have them for their safety as well as for their Councel near their Royal persons it 's the Elogy of their Family The Wise and Valiant Fourbins gave a testimony of both in this dangerous and important occasion and his Majesty shewed his generous acknowledgment by the reception he made him at his glorious return even to give him his Picture which he took from his arm and which the Sieur Commander Captain-Lieutenant of the first Company had more in his heart than all the Pictures that could be given him The Sieur de Hautfaye Lord of Jonvel Captain-Lieutenant of the second Company did his part well there The Chevalier de Lussan in this famous Battle lost one Arm by a Cannon-shot in the service of his King and Country The Count d'Avejan Captain of the Guards bestirred himself vigorously according to his wont The Prince of Condé and the Duke d'Enguien FRance has always been provided with great Men in all Ages and in all kinds It has not been at a loss
life the Vrns are considerable The Master of this House considering that good ought to be communicative has for some years past made his Garden common to the Publick for walking and has sometime given to some great Lords and others the satisfaction of seeing the Cormorant-fishing which is a Royal Divertisement I think it not strange that the Emperour and other crown'd heads divert themselves with it In this Capital City of the Kingdom there are many Houses whereof Wonders may be said which I pass by because to run them over it would take up a Volume I shall onely adde that persons curious in wonderful and transcendent things should see the Rooms of Anticks of the Louvre and the Tuilleries the King and Queens Closets their Apartments and Furniture the Kings Library which contains above 40000 Volumes an infinite number of Manuscripts in Hebrew Arabick Greek Latin and many of History and Policy the remarkable Medals the curious Shells a famous Burning-glass known throughout all the Earth many Books of Migniature and other Curiosities the two Galleries oâ— Palace Mazarin that of the Palace of Luxembourg containing in great and various Pictures the Adventures of Queen Mary de Medicis we see there her Birth her Life and her Death The Palace Royal belonging to Monsieur merits to be visited as also the Royol Academy of Painting and Carvings the Galeries of M. le Prince and others Houses of Pleasure about Paris THe fair and delightful houses next the King 's are these Saint Cloud and Viliers Cotteret which belong to Monsieur Châ—â—tilly to M. le Prince there is seen even at thâ— day in his Menagery a Pelican 150 years old having a bill of Ivory The Isle Adam belongs to M. the Prince of Conti Reinci to the Princess Palatine Annet to the Duke of Vandôme the Palace of Ecoüan to the Dutchess of Angouleme Gros-bois to the Marquess of Pienee Ruel to the Duke de Richlieu Verneuil to the Duke of this name Liancour to the Prince of Marcillac Villeroy to the Duke of this name Chaville to M. the Chancellour le Tellier Sceaux to M. Colbert la Cheurette to M. de la Vrilliere Berni to the Marquess de Lionne Chilly to the Marquess d'Effiat Conflans Les-Charenton to M de Harlay Archbishop of Paris Maisons Vaux Saint Mandé Meudon are also places very agreeable Chassan is another House of Pleasure joyning to Harcueil it belongs to the Abbot of S. Germain des Prez Cardinal Francis de Tournon first Commendatory Abbot of the Abbey of the said S. Germain caused it to be put in order we see there his Arms which are Seme of Flower-de-luces Mademoiselle de Montpensier increases the number of delightful Houses by that which she purchased of late years at Choisy This Princess causes a beautiful Palace to be there built The House of the Dean of Pontoise seven leagues from Paris has one of the fairest Prospects and Terrasses of the Country the Terras is entirely on Rocks Messire Steven de Burtio de la Tour Doctor of the House and Society of Sorbone and formerly Priour and Prosessour of the said House Knight of the Order of the King under the Title and List of Saint Michael Count of the holy Apostolical Palace and Preacher is Dean When the general Assembly of the Clergy is held at Pontoise the President lodges at his house We see at the entry of this Town as we come from Paris a famous Abbey of Religious Ladyes called de Maubuisson I omit to name many other Ornaments because it would be too tedious to number them Houses and Places of Devotion neer Paris THe pious places about Paris that are most frequented are Mount-Valerian the Church of the Abbey of St. Denis Nostre Dame des Anges otherwise des Bois against the Hermitage of Coubron Nanterre in memory of St. Genevieve Nostre Dame des Vertues S. Prix Nostre Dame in the Forrest and Hermitage of Senar Saint Roch is very famous at Pont-carré they come thither the day of its Festival from all parts Saint Spire is visited for the Falling Sickness We must say something here of Mount-Valerian If Mount-Valerian vulgarly called le Tertre be not rich it is nevertheless frequented We see there represented to the life the whole History of the Death and Passion of Jesus Christ Round about the top of the Mountain there are seven Chappels or Oratories representing the seven Stations and on the top Calvary on which Jesus Christ is beheld crucified on a tall Cross betwixt two Thieves that the representation of the Order of the Crucisixion should be more lively and plain and also that after the faithful have plung'd themselves by all these exteriour and sensible Objects in the meditation of the Death of Jesus Christ they may die to the World and then rise again with him in a newness of a spiritual life They preach there every Sunday and Festival day and every first Friday of each month there being a great concourse of people that comes from all parts On the day and Feast of the place which is that of the Exaltation of the holy Cross the 14th of September there have been sometimes 30 or 40000 persons either on the Mountain or in the Way The fraternity of the Penitents of Paris goes thither in a Procession yearly some days of the year On Good-friday three different Preachers preach there the Passion successively The Queen who is a Pattern of Piety and Devotion visits this holy place from time to time The Church is serv'd by Priests who live in a Society Messire Michel de Bougi Abbot of St. Vrbain a person of Birth and Merit is Purveyor and the Abbot Hardy Doctor of Sorbone is Superiour The Office of Purveyor is for perpetuity and that of Superiour triennial Under Anne of Austria Queen of France there was a great Law-suit for the possession of this place betwixt the Secular Priests and the Dominicans This business gave much trouble to the Abbot de Bougi and to Master Lafont in his life-time Principal of the Colledge of Narbone The Congregation of the Priests of Calvary on Mount-Valerian was establisht An. 1633. by Letters-Patents of Louis the Thirteenth who sent for a Priest expresly for this effect a man of a holy life called Charpenter who had already instituted it on the Mountain of Betharan in Bearn which resembles Mount-Valerian The Hermites have been in possession of Mount-Valerian for these 800 years according to an humble Remonstrance made An. 1622. to Cardinal des Retz by the Priests of Calvary There was seen there for some time a recluded Hermite The Treasure which is in the Church of the Abbey of St. Denis and the Tombs of the Kings of France deserve that we should say something of them The Treasury of St. Denis THe Church of the Abbey of St. Denis is extreamly visited both by reason of its Patron and for its Treasure and for being the Burial-place of the Kings of France King Dagobert the First
An. 1679. in the month of June the King gave in his Council to the Archbishop Duke of Rheims a place of Counsellor of State in Ordinary who seats himself as first Duke and Peer above the Dean of the Council immediately after the Chancellor of France Amiens has had seventy six Bishops from St. Firmin to Messire Francois Faure he was Preacher in Ordinary to the late Queen Mother Ann of Austria Beauvais eighty nine from St. Lucien to Messire Toussaint Fourbin de Janson Count and Peer of France and Vidame of Gerbroi This Prelate carries the Mantle Royal at the Kings Consecration and Coronation He was Bishop of Dignes and afterward of Marseilles and a long time Embassadour in Poland I speak of it in the Tract of the Sarmathians he was propos'd by the Pope in his Consistory for the Bishoprick of Beauvais though he had not been precogniz'd because a Precognization is not necessary when his Holiness proposes a Subject The Cardinals with a common voice gave him gratis a half of the Bulls The 27th of November 1679. he was received in the Grand Chamber of the Parliament with the usual Ceremonies and took there his place betwixt the Bishop Duke of Langres and the Bishop Count de Noyon in the presence of the Duke d'Enguien of the Prince of Conti of the Prince de la Roche-sur-Yon and of seventeen Dukes and Peers whereof three were Ecclesiasticks He gave afterward a Dinner to the Princes of the Bloud and to the Dukes and Peers Boulogne has had sixty six Bishops comprizing those of Teroüanne to Messire Nicolas Lavocat Billard sixth Bishop of Boulogne formerly Canon of the Church of Paris The first Prelate of Teroüanne was call'd Antimondus or Aumondus the first of Boulogne Antoine de Crequy Three Bishopricks have been made of that of Teroüanne that of Boulogne that of St. Omer and that of Ypres Châlons eighty nine from St. Mamet to Messire Loüis-Antoine de Noailles Count and Peer of France He carries the Ring at the Consecration and Coronation of his Majesty Laon seventy seven from St. Genebaud or Genebal to Cardinal Caesar d'Estrées Duke and Peer of France he carries the holy Vial at the Kings Consecration and Coronation This Eminency holds his Hat from the Crown of Portugal whereof he is Protector His most Christian Majesty gave him An. 1679. the Abbey of St. Claude in Franche-Comte vacant by the death of Dom John of Austria Noyon ninty two from Hilary to Messire Francois de Clairmont de Yonnere Count and Peer of France He carries the Wast-belt at the Kings Coronation Senlis eighty nine from St. Regulus to Messire Denis Sanguin Soissons eighty one from St. Sixtus to Messire Charles Bourlon The Archbishoprick of Narbonne NArbonne seventy one both Bishops and Archbishops from St. Paul the Proconsul to Cardinal Pierre de Bonzi the Queens Grand Almoner formerly Embassadour of France at Venice in Poland and in Spain He was Bishop of Beziers sometime afterward Archbishop of Tolose and for some great good is made Archbishop of Norbanne which of course constitutes him President of the Estates of Languedoc who look upon him as their Protector and the King considers him at the same time as a faithful Support of his Authority His promotion to the Cardinalship happen'd the 22d of February 1672. and his late great Uncle Jean de Bonzi who was grand Almoner of Queen Marie de Medicis was made Cardinal at the nomination of France and this by that of Poland His Embassies have gain'd him very great lights The Suffragans of Narbonne are Agde Aleth Beziers Carcassonne Lodeve Montpellier Nismes S. Pons de Tomires and Vzez Agde sixty five Bishops from Beticus to Messire Loüis Foucquet Lord and Count of the Town of Agde Heaven makes known to this Prelate by experience that the Felicities of the Earth are mixt with bitterness Aleth twenty one from St. Bartholmew to Messire Loüis Alphonse de Valbelle He succeeds Nicholas Pavilion who wisht that Superiours were infallible in their Sentiments impeccable in their Conduct and far from all surprize Beziers seventy two from St. Afrodisius to Messire Armand Jean de Rotondis de Biscara This Prelate pass'd from the Bishoprick of Dignes to that of Lodeve and from Lodeve to Beziers He is arrived from degree to degree to one of the most considerable of Languedoc by his merit and by the services which himself and his have rendred the State The Organs of his Cathedral-Church have the reputation of being the fairest of France Carassonne seventy three from St. Guimera to Messire Loüis de Bourlemon Auditor of the Rota Lodeve a hundred and seven from St. Florus vulgarly St. Flour to Messire Claude Antoine de Chambonas Montpellier sixty three to Messire Charles de Pradel comprizing those of Maguelone which was transferr'd to Montpellier under Pope Paul the Third An. 1536. The first Bishop of Maguelone was call'd Ether or Ethere and the first fixt at Montpellier was Pellicie the Seventh of the name Messire Charles de Pardel was nominated Anno 1675. Coadjutor of his Uncle whose great services rendred to the Church and State even to the exposal of his life once while he was Intendant of Justice helpt to recompence the science and desert of him who occupies the See at present Nismes ninty six from Crocus to Messire Jaques Seguier formerly Bishop of Lombez before Canon and Theologal of the Church of Paris The King considering that Heresie had laid very deep roots for a long time in the Diocess of Nismes and that it was a thing of importance to establish there a Pastor of an extraordinary Zeal nominated him to this Bishoprick an 1671. where this Prelate incessantly pursues the wild Beast which has spoil'd in divers places the Vineyard of the Lord. St. Tomieres nineteen from Raymond to Messire Pierre-Jean-Francois de Montgaillard Vzez sixty from Constance to Messire Michel Poncet de la Riviere Doctor of the House and Society of Sorbonne Bishop and Count of Vzez As soon as he entred into this Diocess infected with Heresie he began with the reformation of his Clergy and afterward cast the Apostolical Net and drew up into the Vessel of the Church many Fish I mean men according to the promise which the Son of God made to his Apostles that they should be fishers of men instead of fish Faciam vos fieri piscatores hominum The Town of St. Ambrose whereof he is Pryor and Lord knows it by experience where after having put the last hand to a very fair Church and having consecrated in an 1679. he gave in one day the Absolution of Heresie to forty seven persons The Archbishoprick of Bourges BOurges a hundred and two Prelates from St. Vrsin to Messire Phelipeaux de la Vrilliere St. Rodulphe forty fourth Bishop of Bourges was declared Archbishop Primate and Patriarch The ordinary Suffragans were eleven Albi Cahors Castres Clermont in Auvergne Limoges Mande le Puy Rhodez St. Flour Tulles and Vabres Since
that Albi has been rais'd to an Archbishoprick Bourges counts but five Suffragans which are Clermont Limoges le Puy S. Flour and Tulles In this counting of the Suffragans given to Albi there has been assign'd to the Archbishop of Bourges and to his Successors 15000 Livres yearly of the Revenue of the Archbishoprick of Albi. Clermont has had eighty eight Bishops from Austremon to Messire Gilbert de Veni d' Arbouse Limoges eighty five from St. Martial to Messire Loüis Lascaris d' Vrfé Le Puy eighty eight from St. Georges to Messire Armand de Bethune Count of Velai St. Flour twenty seven from Raymond Vehens or Vehennes to Messire Jerôme de la Motthe Houdancourt He succeeds to Jacques de Mont Rouge Tulles thirty two from Arnal de S. Astier to Messire N. Ancelin Almoner to the Queen The Archbishoprick of Vienne VIenne a hundred and three from St. Crescent to Messire Henry de Villars Archbishop Count of Vienne and Primate He succeeds his Uncle who having considered that the Nephew possest all the Qualities which make a great Prelate discharg'd himself of the Archbishoprick as of a heavy burthen on him who could bear it with all the force necessary for so high a dignity The Suffragans are Valence Geneva Grenoble S. Jean de Morienne and Viviers Valence joyn'd with Die has had fifty three Bishops from St. Martius to Messire Daniel de Cosnac Geneva a hundred from Diogenes to Messire Jean d' Arenson d' Alaix who succeeds Charles-Auguste de Sales The Episcopal See was sixt at Anneci after that the Protestant Ministers had driven from the Town the Bishop and the Catholicks The Duke of Savoy nominates to this Bishoprick Cardinal Robert Bishop of Geneva was Pope under the name of Clement the Seventh Grenoble sixty two from Domninus to Messire Etienne le Camus Bishop and Prince President of course of the Estates of Daulphine formerly Almoner of his Majesty He might say with the Evangelical Prophet Quid debui ultrafacere vineae meae non feci I wish him the same fate with S. Gregory of Neocesarea call'd Thaumaturgus who having askt as he lay on his Death-bed how many Infidels remain'd in the City of Neocesarea after that it was answered him onely seventeen he said in rendring thanks to God that the day he took the Government of the Diocess he found full as many Catholicks S. Jean de Morienne is at the nomination of the Duke of Savoy Viviers ninety five from S. Janvier to Messire Loüis-Francois de la Chaume of Susa Count of Vivarez and Prince of Donzere The Archbishoprick of Tolose TOlose has had forty eight Bishops the first S. Saturnin vulgarly S. Cernin and twenty nine Archbishops from Raymond de Comminges Cardinal to Messire Joseph de Montpezat of Carbon formerly Bishop of S. Papaoul who deserv'd in the Prelateship the same elevation as his Illustrious Brother the Archbishop of Sens. The Suffragans are seven Pamiers Lombez Mirepoix Montauban Rieux S. Papaoul Lavaur Pamiers twenty nine Bishops from Loüis de Sicile surnam'd de Marseille to Messire Francois Etienne de Caulet Lombez twenty nine from Arnoldus Rogier de Comminges to Messire Cosme Roger before General of the Order des Feüillans and Preacher in Ordinary to their Majesties He was nominated to the Bishoprick of Pamiers An. 1680. Mirepoix thirty two from Raymond Athon to Messire Gabriel de la Broüë Preacher in Ordinary to the King Montauban twenty eight from Bertrand du Pui to Messire Jean Baptiste Colbert de S. Poüages Rieux twenty three from Cardinal Pilefort de Rabastein to Messire Antoine Francois Bertier S. Papaoul thirty from Bernard de la Tour to Messire Barthelemi de Grammont Lavaur thirty one from Rogier d' Armagnac to Messire Charles le Goulx de la Berchere formerly the Kings Almoner The Archbishoprick of Roüen ROüen eighty nine from S. Nicaise to Messire Francois Rouxel de Medavi de Grancei Counsellor of State in Ordinary Primate of Normandy Messire Jacques Colbert is his Coadjutor He was created Titular Archbishop of Carthage the 4th of Aug. 1680. The Suffragans of Roüen are six Avranche Bayeux Coûtance Evreux Lisieux and Sées Avranche fifty six from Nepos or Nepus to Messire Gabriel Philippes de Froulé de Tessé Bayeux sixty eight from S. Exupere to Messire Francois de Nesmond Coûtance eighty eight from S. Ereptiol to Messire Charles-Francois de Lomenie de Brienne Evreux sixty seven from S. Taurin to Messire Loüis-Joseph de Grignan formerly Agent-General of the Clergy of France He succeeds Henry de Maupas of Tours sometime Bishop of Pui who was deputed to Rome for the Beatification and Canonization of S. Francois de Sales and has given the publick the Life of Priest Vincent General of the Congregation of the Mission of S. Lazarus The same Prelate has compos'd some other Works Lisieux forty nine from S. Theobaud to Messire Eleoner de Matignon If his high Birth fills him with Honour his excellent Actions accumulate him with Glory Sées sixty eight from S. Latuin to Messire Jean Forcoal before Almoner to the King The Archbishoprick of Sens. SEns a hundred and sixteen Prelates from S. Savinien to Messire Jean de Montpezat de Carbon Primate of the Gauls and of Germany He was Bishop of S. Papaoul and then Archbishop of Bourges and afterward nominated to the Archbishoprick of Tolose which he did not occupy The Suffragans are Auxere Nevers and Troyes Before that Paris was made an Archbishoprick they were six in number Auxere an hundred and three from S. Peregrin to Messire André Colbert Doctor of the House and Society of Sorbonne Nevers ninety two from Tauritius or Astremonius to Messire Edoüart Vallot Troyes eighty three from S. Amant to Messire N. de Chavigni formerly the Kings Almoner Bishops of Bethléem BEthléem which was but a Village in Palestina belonging to the Tribe of Juda was honour'd with the Title of Bishoprick an 1110. by Pope Pascal the Second in the honour of the birth of the Son of God The Episcopal See was transferr'd into France in the Diocess of Auxere in the faux-bourg of the Town of Clameci against Nivernois Guillaume the fourth of the name Count of Nevers being in the Holy Land for reconquering of it and considering that the Bishop of Bethléem could not subsist there founded him 500 Livres of yearly Rent for his subsistence in the faux-bourg before-nam'd Charles the Fourth King of France confirm'd this Donation The present Bishop is called Francois Batailler he depends immediately on the Holy See and is very much employ'd in Ordinations and Missions His ancient Predecessors were Suffragans of the Patriark of Hierusalem Messire Francois Batailler was propos'd to go and serve Portugal at the time that this Crown was found reduc'd to one onely Bishop by reason of the Refusal which the Court of Rome then made to give it any on the account of Spain whose Embassadour at Rome made great instances on this
Consistory did not think it convenient finding him necessary in the Conclaves and it mist but little in one but he had been rais'd to the Soveraign Pontificate He died the third Cardinal of his House his Hat was of the nomination of France The third Messire Pierre de Marca he was Councellor and afterward President of the Parliament of Pau Intendant of Justice and Visitor-General in Catalonia and Roussillon Bishop of Couserans Archbishop of Tolose and then afterward Minister of State and Archbishop of Paris He receiv'd the Bulls some days before his death and did not occupy the See This Great Person is buried under the Archiepiscopal Chair His Book in folio De Concordia Sacredotii Imperii has been read by the Learned and examined at Rome The fourth Messire Hardoüin de Beaumont of Perefixe a great defender of the Priviledges of his Church formerly Tutor to Loüis the Great and Bishop of Rhodez He writ the History of Henry the Fourth and has been very liberal in giving Alms he gave at one time ten thousand Livres towards a Building for the Priests of the Congregation and Mission of St. Lazarus at Paris and during his Archiepiscopacy assisted poor Gentlemen and others with his Revenue This Prelate re-united the jurisdiction of all the faux-bourg S. Germain des Prez and other places to the Archbishoprick of Paris with an extraordinary vigour by solemn Decrees The fifth Messire Francois de Harlai de Chanvalon Commander of the Kings Orders Duke and Peer of France and Purveyor of Sorbonne He was honoured with the Archbishoprick of Paris An. 1671. and created Duke and Peer of France An. 1674. It 's the first of this See who has born the Title of Duke and Peer which will pass from him to his Successors He was before Archbishop of Roüen and President in ordinary of the Assemblies of the Clergy of France He never permits any Priest to speak to him with his Hat off but himself is likewise uncover'd though he be a great Lord. The Suffragans of Paris are Chartres Orleans Meaux Chartres has had a hundred and five Bishops from S. Avent or Aventin some say Potentien to Messire Ferdinand de Neufville de Villeroy Counsellor of State in Ordinary formerly Bishop of S. Malo He was born at Rome under the Embassie of his deceased Father who caus'd the Statua of Henry the Great to be erected there This great Prelate is descended from great Ministers who have been cherisht by our Kings and who have govern'd the State with so much wisdom and prudence He has always had near him persons of eminent Learning Orleans a hundred and seventeen from S. Altin to Messire Pierre Cambout de Coaslin the Kings first Almoner Meaux a hundred and four from S. Sanctin to Messire Dominique de Ligni Successor of his Uncle Dominique Seguier The Archbishoprick of Albi. ALbi has had sixty eight Bishops from St. Clair to Gaspard de Daillon du Lude This Bishoprick very famous for its Revenue was made an Archbishoprick under Pope Innocent the Eleventh at the request of Loüis the Fourteenth in favour of Messire Hyacynthe de Serroni some time Bishop of Orange and afterward Lord Bishop of Mande Count of Givodan and first Almoner of the late Queen-Mother Anne of Austria whose Funeral-Oration he made at Paris in the head of the Clergy of France and of all that is most Illustrious in the Kingdom with the applause and admiration of all his Auditors His rare Piety his profound Learning the long and important Services which he has rendred the Church and State have rais'd him to this high Dignity His devise is Sidus flos lapis There has been counted to the year 1680. sixty eight Bishops of Albi the Abbot de Cam who dayly penetrates Antiquity has discover'd eight or ten more by reading the Councels and the Register and Documents of the Metropolitan Church of Albi whereof he has compos'd the History His merit oblig'd the first Archbishop of this See a lover of Learning and learned Persons to make him his great Vicar and to send him on his behalf to assist in the Estates of Languedoc of the year 1680. The Suffragans of Albi are the nearest to it Vabres Rhodes Castres Cahors and Mande Vabres has had twenty two Bishops from Pierre d'Olargue to Messire Loüis de Barrada The two first Bishops of this Diocess were of the ancient House of Olargue Rhodes fifty three from St. Amant to Messire Gabriel de Voyer de Paulmi Castres twenty nine from Deodat to Messire Michel Tuboeuf Cahors sixty four from Genulphe to Messire N. le Jay Mande sixty two from S. Severian to Messire Francois Placide de Baudri de Piencour He confirms those that are in the good way and recalls those that are astray Five Bishops of this Diocess enlarge the Catalogue of Saints The Archbishoprick of Cambray CAmbray has had nine or ten Archbishops from Maximilian de Berghes to Messire Christophle de Brias he succeeds Gaspar Nemius Many Bishops preceded them for some time those of Cambray were Bishops of Arras they were afterward separated The Archbishop of Cambray stiles himself Archbishop and Duke of Cambray Count du Cambresis and Prince of the Empire This Archbishoprick before the Wars was worth a hundred thousand Livres of Rent The Archiepiscopal Church has a very fair Body adorn'd with a high Steeple some persons think that its Bell call'd Mary-Fontenoise resembles in greatness to George d' Amboise of Roüen or to Cardaillac of Tolose or to that of Mande when it was in being whereof the Clapper is yet to be seen Charles the Fifth caus'd the famous Citadel to be built which is very strong by Scituation and by Art though the King of France took it in a little time and receiv'd the Oath of Fidelity from the Archbishop An. 1677. The Governour of this place being askt at Brussels by the Duke de Villa-Hermosa why he had yielded it so soon answered him in these very terms The King of France was before it in person and I believe if he besieg'd Hell he would fetch all the Devils out in case Hell could be besieg'd and taken by Mortals The Suffragans of this Archbishoprick are Arras Tornai Saint Omer Arras has had fifty three Bishops from Lambert to Messire Guidon de Seve de Roche Chouard Tornai forty eight from S. Plato to Messire Philiberg de Choiseul du Plessis Pralin formerly Bishop of Comminges He preacht the Funeral Sermon on the late Prince of Conti. The Canons of his Cathedral-Church are cloath'd in violet The Town of Gand depended formerly for the spiritual on the Bishops of Tornay as we shall see elsewhere Saint Omer ten from Gerard de Hamericourt to Messire Annes Tristan de la Baume Suse His Majesty chose him for a Diocess and a People newly conquered by reason of his particular merit and of his extream sweetness accompaâ—â—â—d with a like Address for governing them He was created before Bishop
Ratibor Oppelen Breslau Crossen Francfort and at Stetin Ratibor Oppelen and Breslau are Towns of Silesia Crossen is the Capital of the Dutchy whose name it bears Varthe Noisse Boler and other Rivers joyn themselves to the Oder The Weser takes its Origine in Saxony of Naumbourg near the Dutchy of Saxony of Altenbourg passes at Hamelen Minden Breme and other places Leina Aler Ecker Inerst and other Rivers enter into the Weser Leina waters Hanover Aller Zel and Ferden Ecker Brunswic Inerst Hildeshein Some years since the Duke of Lunebourg took the Town of Brunswick in despite of all the Efforts of the Duke of this name The Electors of the Empire An. 1679. THere are counted many Soveraign Princes in Germany though feudatory to the Empire The chief are the Electors who have power of chusing by their Suffrages the Emperours of Germany The Archbishop and Elector of Mayence ANselm Francis Frederic of Inghelheim Archbishop of Mayence Prince and Elector of the Empire Great Chancellour of Germany Legate of course of the holy Apostolick See Catholick He was elected the 7th of November 1679. being forty years of age Before his Election he was Archpriest of Mayence and Governour of Erfort A Wheel Or in a Field Gules and over it an Electoral Cap compose the Arms of this Elector The first Elector of this Church was call'd Villigise Son of a Cartwright for evidence of it he kept through Humility a Wheel in his Chamber to put him in mind of his Extraction wherefore his Successors have kept it in remembrance of him in their Arms. The Archbishops of Mayence as Chancellours of the Empire keep the Archives of the Empire and the original Register-books where are registred the names of all the Princes and Estates who have a Voice in the Diets When the Emperour is dead they give notice to the other Electors and signifie to them a day to set upon a new Election Mayence Aschaffembourg are the ordinary places of Residence of this Prelate who has thirteen Suffragans Strasbourg is one Of late years there has been united to this Archbishoprick the Bishoprick and Principality of Wormes Mayence has had seventeen Archbishops from S. Boniface to Anselm Francis Frederick Forty Bishops preceded them the first was S. Crescens and the last Gervilio This Archbishoprick yields ordinarily to its Archbishop six or seven hundred thousand Crowns of Annual Rent its Dominions contain twenty five Bailiwicks and a great many Tolls on the Rhine and on the Main This Elector is Dean of the Electoral Colledge he crowns the Emperour on his Lands The Election is made ordinarily at Francfort on the Main though not by an indispensable necessity because the Emperours have formerly receiv'd the Crown at Aix la Chappelle and of late years at Francfort and elsewhere The Elector of Saxony contested the Election with Ferdinand the First because he was elected at Cologne Mayence which was formerly an Imperial Town lost its Priviledges by the Assassinate of Arnold de Zellenouë its Archbishop The Chapter is compos'd of twenty four Capitulary Canons that is to say who have a deliberate Voice they are all Gentlemen I will not pass with silence a thing which pass'd in this Town An 745. It s Prelate Boniface not believing that there were Antipodes accus'd of Heresie before Pope Zachary of whom he was Legate Vigilis Bishop of Saltzbourg because he had maintain'd the contrary both in his Pulpit and in a Book which he compos'd whereat some Church-men being scandaliz'd accus'd him to Boniface who caus'd him to be condemn'd as an Heretick alledging that St. John Chrysostom S. Austin and other Fathers of the Church had not believ'd a new World and that to set up a new was to introduce a new Jesus Christ. Zacharie writ on this subject two Letters to Boniface which are inserted in the general Sum of the Councils We can no longer doubt of a new World since the discovery of Christopher Columbus It has been said since of this Archbishop Boniface that he was as ill a Geometer as he was a good man There is seen in this Diocess an ancient Tower famous in History call'd Meusthur that is to say the Tower of Rats in a Lake where Hatton the Second of this name was devour'd by these Animals An. 914. through a divine punishment Some Authors relate that they gnaw'd away even his name wheresoever they found it The Jews were expell'd from Mayence Anno 1433. The Invention of Printing SOme attribute to John Guttemberg Gentleman Native of Mayence some say of Strasbourg the Invention of Printing about the year 1440. under Pope Eugenius the Fourth Chasteauniere de Grenaille says that it was in the Town of Haërlem sometime an Episcopal Town where it was invented that it was Laurence Coster who first invented this Art and that after having begun to work upon it and having profited and advanc'd in it one of his treacherous Servants call'd John Faustus pocketed up and carried away to Mayence all the Letters and other Instruments serving for Printing in a word the whole Trade in a Christmas-night whilst his Master and all the Family were at the Midnight-Mass Boxhornius in his Book entituled the Theatre of Holland has written in favour of Haërlem as also Petrus Scriverius Naudé has declar'd himself for Mayence There are seen on the house of the said Laurence Coster Citizen Keeper of the Royal Palace of Haërlem these words MEMORIAE SACRVM Typographia Ars Artium omnium Conservatrix hic Primum Inventa circa annum 1430. And moreover the Statue of Coster with this Inscription VIRO CONSVLARI Laurentio Costero Harlemensi Alteri Cadmo Artis Typographicae circa annum Domini 1430. Inventori primo bené de literis ac toto orbi merito hanc Q. L. QC Statuam quia aeream non habuit pro Monumento posuit gratissimus M. Joli Chanter of the Church of Paris has very well remarkt that we must not think strange of the difference of these two dates 1440. and 1430. which are in these Inscriptions because Boxhornius makes the Invention of Printing more ancient by ten years telling us that Coster laid the first Foundations An. 1420. The late Dean of Munster call'd Malinchrot maintains that the Invention of Printing belongs to Mayence He has compos'd a Book in Quarto which has for title de Ortu Progressu Artis Typographicae which was printed at Cologne An. 1639. Parival says in his Book entituled Les Delices de la Holland p. 86. that the Chineses a long time since invented Printing that it was polisht at Mayence and thence convey'd all over Europe but that the Honour belongs to Laurence Coster and the immortal Glory to Haërlem Adrian Junius says that the first Characters for Printing were of Beech-wood whereof Coster bethought him afterward of Lead then of Tin Others say with more likelihood that they began to print at Haërlem with Tables of Box or of Brass ingraven after the Chinese manner The Book
of Plenipotentiary in a place which ought to be a Sanctuary oblig'd his most Christian Majesty considering the Laws of Nations violated to recal his Nimegen was since made choice on for renewing the Conferences of the general Peace The Duke de Vitry the Sieur Colbert Marquess of Croissi and the Sieur de Mesmes Count of Avaux were appointed Plenipotentiaries of France Anno 1675. Marshal d' Estrade succeeded the Duke de Vitry The 11th of August 1677. the Bishop and Prince of Gurc chief of the Embassie of Germany for the Conferences of the Peace arrived at Nimegen accompanied with Count Kinski and with Sieur Straman his Colleagues who went before him All the other Plenipotentiaries repair'd thither The Estates of the Vnited Provinces of the Low Countries appointed for their Plenipotentiaries the Sieur Hieromy Beverning Lord of Teylingen Curator of the University of Leiden the Sieur William of Nassau Lord of Odik Cortegene c. and the Sieur William Haren Grietman du Bildt The Treaties of Peace and of Commerce Navigation and Maritime affairs betwixt France and the States General of the Vnited Provinces of the Low Countries were concluded at Nimegen the 10th of August 1678. In the same year the Treaty of Peace betwixt France and Spain was sign'd and the year following 1679. that of France and of the Emperour whereof we have spoken elsewhere The Elector and King of Bohemia THe King of Bohemia one of the seven Electors formerly the Emperours great Cup-bearer is at present the Emperour himself Cath. His Arms are a Lion Argent arm'd and crown'd Or with a double tail noüed and pass'd in Saltier in a Field Gules Prague is the capital City its Dukes the Kings and Emperours have kept there a long time their Court it is divided into three the Small the Ancient and the New Praga ad Moldaviam fluvium the Molde waters it Its Inhabitants were govern'd by Dukes till Vratislaus was created the first King who was followed by many others till the Royal Line being extinct the House of Austria put themselves in possession of this Kingdom which has been made hereditary in the House of Austria by the Treaty of Peace of Munster The Ancients called Bohemia Bojemia or Bojohemia that is to say in the German Tongue the House or Residency of the Boyes a People of the Gauls who retir'd thither Some have said that this Elector was the last before that he was King His Chair at the Elections is of Sattin pursled with Gold and that of his Colleagues of Crimson Velvet onely Some would seem to say that he has onely a casting Voice and Suffrage when the other Electors do not accord for the Election of the Emperour but it is certain that he is effectively an Elector as the others and that his Royal quality gives him the first Seat amongst the Lay Electors Bohemia with the Provinces of Moravia and Silesia may be worth yearly twelve or thirteen Millions to its Prince The Emperour Frederic surnamed Barberossa made it a Kingdom it is he who said to Pope Alexander the Third Non tibi sed Petro. The Bohemians in the Ceremonies of the Mass sing the Epistle and Gospel in their Tongue and communicate under both kinds it has been permitted them as a thing which does not alter the essence of Faith The Town of Egra otherwise Eger belongs to this Crown the Gazettes often mention it There are pretious Stones found in the Mountains of Pinch whence is come the Proverb that men throw sometimes a Stone at a Cow which is worth more than the Cow The Inhabitants of Bohemia are call'd Bohemians with an Aspiration and the vagabond Egyptian Fortunetellers Boemians they appear'd in Europe An. 1417. They came from Hungary and Valachia Frontiers of Turky The Clocks of Bohemia are alter the Italian fashion they tell the hours there from one Sun-setting to the next twenty four hours consecutively Olmus is the capital Town of Moravia and Breslau of Silesia The Emperour Leopold declar'd Count Staremberg Chancellor of the Empire and Counsellor of his Privy-Council the 24th of January 1678. The Elector of Bavaria MAximilian Marie Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Prince and Elector of the Empire Great Steward of the Imperial House came into the World An. 1662. is Cath. His Arms are three Shields together the first Sable a Lyon crowned Or which belongs to the Palatinate the second is fusile in bend of 21 pieces Argent and Azure which belongs to Bavaria the third Gules an Imperial Globe Or which belongs to the Electorate Saltzburg has fâ—rmerly been the Capital of this Country at present it 's Munic a very strong place some call it in Latin Monachum others Monachium The Germans Munchen on the River Iser This Elector resides at Munic his Palace is one of the stateliest of Germany The great Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden having taken the Town and the Dukes Palace which he did not demolish by reason of its beauty possess'd himself of the Dukes sine Library where were rare Manuscripts which he caâ—ried into Sweden Queen Christian his Daughter gave liberally of them to some learned persons amongst others to the Sieur Vossius Canon of Windsor in England to the Sieur des Cartes and others The Castle of Schelesheim two leagues from Munic is a Country-house of Pleasure where his Electoral Highness goes ordinarily to take the diversion of Hunting His Buccâ—ntaurus passes amongst the curious for a Wonder of this Age. It is on the Lake of Staremberg which is a league over and six leagues in length It is held to be as beautiful and as large as that of Venice whereof I speak in its place This Elector raises eighteen or twenty thousand men and sometimes more his Revenue is considerable His Dukedom which is in upper Germany is divided into upper and lower Bavaria Munic Ingolstat and Freisingen are in the upper Freisingen has the title of Bishoprick and Ingolstat of University Ratisbone in the German Tongue Regensburg Passau Landshut Straubingen and many others are of the lower Bavaria The great Church of Munic is the Burial-place of its Dukes The Electorate the upper Palatinate and the County of Chamb were granted to the House of Bavaria and its Successors as long as the Male-line should hold accoâ—â—ing to the tenth Article of the Treaty of Munster In the last War between France and Germany the Elector Ferdinand Marie stood Neuter He dyed suddenly at Schelesheim at forty three years of Age. Pope Innocent the Eleventh celebrated Mass for the Soul of this deceased person and the Emperour caus'd the Funeral-Obsequies to be solemniz'd at Vienna in the Church of the discalceated Augustins The Empire has been divers times in the House of Bavaria Its Princes have married eight Daughters of Emperours and eleven Daughters of Kings and among the Daughters of this House six have married Emperours three have been married to Kings and two to Dolphins of France Three Electors are of the same