Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	duke_n	king_n	poland_n	2,753	5	11.6962	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40372	An account of Muscovy, as it was in the year 1689 In which the troubles that happen'd in that empire from the present czar Peter's election to the throne, to his being firmly settled in it, are particularly related. With a character of him, and his people. By Monsieur de La Neuville, then residing at Moscow.; Relation curieuse et nouvelle de Moscovie. English.	Foy de la Neuville.; Baillet, Adrien, 1649-1706, attributed name.	1699 (1699)	Wing F2046A; ESTC R201277	48,599	138

AN ACCOUNT OF MUSCOVY As it was in the Year 1689. In which the TROUBLES that happen'd in that Empire from the Present Czar PETER'S Election to the Throne to his being firmly settled in it are particularly related With a Character of Him and his People By Monsieur DE LA NEUVILLE Then Residing at Moscow LONDON Printed for Edward Castle next Scotland-Yard-Gate by Whitehall 1699. TO THE KING SIR THE Marquess of Bethune being inform'd in July 1689. that the Swedish and Brandenbourg Envoys were gone to Moscow he judg'd it necessary for Your Majesty's Service to send some Person thither to discover the purport of the Negotiation of those Envoys he was pleas'd to Honour me with this Trust at which I was startled having been there formerly and been apprehensive more than once of being ill us'd by those Barbarians but considering 't was for Your Majesty's Service I readily obey'd only reminding the Marquess that no Person was suffer'd to enter that Kingdom unless as an Envoy or a Merchant He undertook to engage the King of Poland in the business but that Prince told him 't was hardly possible but I should be known at Moscow and either be discover'd by the Czar's Minister or others that had seen me at his Court and then I should be treated as a Spy and sent to end my days in Ziberia but since His Majesty's Service requir'd my going thither he would send me in a Post that should secure me and give me a means of succeeding in my Commission Accordingly he gave me Letters of Recommendation to the Czars and Passports and I set forward with an Equipage suitable to my Character For by the last Treaty betwixt the Poles and the Muscovites 't is agreed not to defray the Envoys Charges nor furnish them with Carriages In fourteen Days I reach'd the Frontiers though the distance from Warsaw to Casime the last Town in Poland is One hundred and sixty German Leagues I gave notice of my Arrival and my Commission to the Palatin of the Dutchy of Smolensko whither I went next day and was receiv'd as I have related in the Account of my Journey and having tarried ten Days till the Courier came back whom the Palatin sent to the Court for Orders concerning me I went thence to Moscow and was lodg'd in a House appointed for me by the Prime Minister One hundred and fifty Paces distant from the City whither the Pristave Spatarus a Walachian came to Complement me in his Name and keep me Company A Week after he conducted me to the Pretache or Council after which I had leave to visit the Ministers of Poland Sweden Denmark and Brandènbourg and some German Officers and was so happy as to discover that all the business which the Envoys of Sweden and Brandenbourgh came about was to render the King of Poland's Conduct suspected to the Muscovites who they alledg'd was in Your Majesty's Interest and would make a separate Peace with the Turk to the prejudice of the League after which he would make a Diversion into the Ducal Prussia in Your Favour And the Dutch Envoy to enforce what they said assur'd the Muscovites that I was a Frenchman and was come to Moscow to pry into their Secrets These Informations made them resolve to confine me within my House for eight Days together but the Polish Envoy made such loud Complaints of it as an Injury done to his Master in my Person that the Council discharg'd me and said they had no other design in taking away my Liberty than to save me from the Insults of the People who were incens'd against me Vpon which I took occasion to declare That I knew France very well and that that King with all his Millions would not give a hundred Crowns to discover the Designs of the Czar and that being the King of Poland's Minister I did not fear the People In short the Ministers of Sweeden being sent back without any success I gave notice of it to the Marquiss of Bethune desiring him to recall me well foreseeing the Troubles that were coming on In the beginning of the Commotions I was forc'd for my Security to keep within Doors not daring to stir abroad where all the Diversion I had was the Conversation of my Pristave who had been sent to China and was come back two Months The Information I got from him being pretty curious and likely to be of use of Your Majesty shewing the easiness of establishing a Commerce with that Country by Land I have thought fit to relate the Particulars of what I learnt Sometime after my return from Poland the Marquess de Bethune understanding that the Elector of Saxony and the Duke of Hanover were to meet together at Carelstad in Bohemia he desired the King of Poland to send me to Complement the Duke of Hanover upon the Death of his Son which he had just given him advice of in hopes I might find out the Design of the Interview between these two Princes I went thither and gave an Account to the Marquess of Bethune of all that I discover'd which was no more than that some Propositions had past on both sides about the Dutchy of Lavembourg but they could not come to an Accommodation To conclude Sir Your Majesty having acquainted the King of Poland with the Death of Madam the Dauphine he nam'd Prince Rzarstoeki now at the Academy at Paris to pay his Complement of Condolance to Your Majesty But the Marquess of Bethune desiring me to accept of that Office in hopes that under that Character I might with more safety carry the Dispatches which he gave me for Your Majesty and for Your Minister at Hamburg as I did and that passing through some Courts where I was very well known and had been always well receiv'd I might inform my self what Condition their Affairs were in I found them all out of Order and except the Duke of Hanover and his House all in great need of a Peace with Your Majesty I have been honour'd with the Character of Your Majesty's Envoy and beseech You Sir to accept favourably all that my Zeal for Your Service has made me undertake and the Account I render which contains such Particulars as Your Majesty may be Curious to know when You are at leisure from Your Application to decide the Fate of Europe which Your Victories and the Justice of Heaven have put into Your Hands I am Your Majesty's Most Humble and Faithful Subject and Servant De la Neuville AN ACCOUNT OF MUSCOVY As it was in the Year 1689. THE King of Poland having honour'd me with the Character of his Envoy Extraordinary to Muscovy the first of July 1689. I departed from Warsaw on the 19 th of the same Month and took my way by Smolensko because the way of Kiovia which is the shortest was at that time infested by the Tartars As soon as the Palatine or Governour of the Province who is a more polite Man than the Muscovites generally are heard

carri'd to the Cham who was consulting with his Mulzaz how to rid himself of so formidable an Enemy The Cham having read it sent to ask Galischin whether 't was written by his order and being answer'd Yes he sent Suilech Murza and the Muscovites a Lord nam'd Esmeyan in exchange for Hostages The Treaty was set on foot The Muscovites propos'd the five following Conditions That all the Russian Slaves should be restored That the Tartars should make no more Inroads into the Czar's Dominions That they should quit their Claim to 80000 Crowns annually due to them from the Muscovites That they should not molest the Poles nor assist the Turks The Murza gave some hopes of an agreement and spun out the Conference to keep 'em in suspence till next day well knowing so great a multitude could not long subsist there without Forage and Water but the next day he answer'd That the Cham would accept of a Peace upon no other Terms than those he was already engag'd in with the Czar That he insisted upon the Payment of the yearly Tribute and expected to be paid 240000 Crowns in Arrears for the three last Years Prince Galischin did not at all like this Answer and judging it very incommodious to lie longer encamp'd upon the Sandy Plain resolv'd to retreat For fear of being pursu'd he took the Murza along with him as far as Kalantzek and from thence sent him back and receiv'd his own Hostage This is a short Account of all this Campaign in the Crim. After this they march'd for three weeks together to reach Samare where leaving all the heavy Luggage behind them they pass'd the River and in six days more got to the River Marle But in the mean time Prince Galischin dispatch'd Couriers to the Czars and to the King of Poland boasting that he had beaten the Tartars and driven them into their own Country The Princess upon this News order'd publick Rejoycings throughout the Kingdom and according to Custom sent an Akalnik with a Letter of Thanks and Commendations to all the Army and Golden Ducats for Rewards In conclusion Orders for Disbanding the Army being come the Boyar Valenski was left at the River Samare with about 5 or 6000 Men. This mighty Success had the Muscovites in their two great Expeditions into the Crim which far from gaining them any honour or profit on the contrary produc'd the greatest damage the Nation could ever suffer in the Ruine of their General which happen'd soon after his Return I learn'd all that I have related from the King of Poland's Ministers who have resided at the Czars Court and follow'd the Armies ever since the Death of the Czar Theodore to this present I shall next give the Particulars of the Troubles that I was an eye-witness of having often ventur'd in disguise to go about the City and even to Trinity-Convent A Relation of the Troubles in Moscow occasion'd by the Princess Sophia upon her Brother Peter's being made Czar PRince Galischin at his Return to Moscow found Affairs in quite another posture than he expected his Enemies had inform'd themselves of the truth of the matter and render'd him odious to the Czar Peter He was refus'd Audience and hardly through the intercession of the Prncess cou'd he be admitted to kiss the Czar's Hand he underwent bitter Reproaches and could not say any thing that would pass as a justification of his Conduct For some days Galischin was left at Quiet but the Princess's Liberality gave occasion to new Commotions She had a mind to distribute among the Boyars considerable Presents in recompence of the good service they had done to the Empire but the Czar oppos'd it and would enquire first into the Merits of their Services that their Rewards might be proportionable The Princess would bear no restraint but found means to bring the Czar to a compliance with her Desires She gave then to Prince Galischin 1500 Peasants Houses in several Villages to other Commanders in the Army 300 to other Officers in proportion to their Stations and likewise to all the Gentlemen that served in the Expedition designing to make 'em all of her own Party Such Gifts had never before been us'd to be bestow'd in Muscovy the Czar always gave a Royal Vest to those they would honour but no more Galischin govern'd with his usual Power and being aided by the Princess undertook a bold attempt Ever since the Hettmans were under the Muscovites Dominions they never enter'd Moscow Galischin under pretence of doing the Hettman the honour of presenting him to do homage to the Czar but having another end in 't so order'd it that Mazepa came to Moscow with 500 of his chief Officers but could not be admitted to see the Czar I went to him several times disguis'd in the night-time accompany'd by a German Physician of the Czar's who assur'd him of the King of Poland's Protection The Czar Peter was then at one of his Country-Houses call'd Obrogensko situate upon the River Yarus a short League from Moscow whilst the Princess Sophia and Galischin laid a Plot which we are going to give an account of The Princess foresaw all along that the Czar Peter's Life wou'd one day be the ruin of her Authority and a dangerous obstacle to her Ambition in case she did not remove it in time and now she repented that she had follow'd the wise and moderate Counsels of Galischin she reflected on the difficulty she met with in procuring him a disgraceful Audience was concern'd at it and the Reproaches that were made him and though she had gain'd her Point in getting the Czar to consent she should bestow her Bounty as she pleas'd yet she could not forget how dear it cost her and what Oppositions she struggled with All this she resented the more deeply because she had rul'd the State without controul according to her fancy for several years she judg'd rightly that for the future she should not be so Absolute and that the best she cou'd expect was to have her Authority lessen'd as her Brother 's encreas'd and guess'd 't was upon that account he did not directly deny her but that in process of time instead of conferring Favours upon her they would take pleasure in crossing her Desires which her Brother's Party would ever be ready to do and to destroy her Creatures and after all these Vexations she should be oblig'd to quit the Court and retire into her Convent These Considerations made this Princess who is Ambitious and Daring above her Sex resolve to venture all to maintain her self in the Post she was in During her Regency she had done what she could to engage all to be her Creatures and 't was with the same design that she bestow'd those Presents on the Army though under colour of rewarding their Services for she thought they would think themselves more oblig'd to her upon the score of such valuable Gifts than they could have been to the Czar for a Vest with which his

not his Collegues This procedure drew upon Prince Galischin the hatred of all the Noble Families to see themselves excluded from their Prerogatives and oblig'd to make their Court to him more obsequiously than they had done to his Predecessors But this did not hinder him from exerting his Authority and ordering every thing as he judg'd most for his advantage He advis'd the making of a General Peace with the Swedes whose Ambassadors being then at Moscow had all their demands granted Some years after the Conclusion of this Treaty the Imperialists and Poles were engag'd in a War with the Turks The first wou'd engage the Muscovites to make a League with them but their Embassy came to nothing the Poles took this occasion to propose a General Peace and to get the Muscovites to be on their side 〈◊〉 which end they sent an Em● to Moscow compos'd of three Lords of the Crown and three of Lithuania the Palatine of Posnania Grzemontarvick and the Counts Ptzyemski and Potourski were those on the part of the Crown the Grand Chancellor his Nephew Oquenoki and Count Sapiha where those for Lithuania the last was detain'd in Poland by the Death of his Brother but the other five arriv'd safe at Moscow After divers Conferences and even after their Audience of Congè they came to an Accommodation the Poles gave up their Pretensions to the Vkrain or Country of the Cossacks to the Dutchy of Smolensko and other Territories conquer'd by the Muscovites and the Czars obliged themselves to make War upon the Precops and oppose their Incursions into Poland This Agreement was solemnly ratifi'd the Ambassadors were treated and the Czars themselves drank to them by a great Lord after having laid their hands upon the Cup an Honour which had never before been conferr'd upon Persons of their Character Upon this the Muscovites sent Ambassadors to all the Courts in Christendom to anim●●● them to a General League against the Turks The Boyar Borice Pietreuvick Cheremitau was sent to Poland and thence to Vienna The Kenas Jacob Seudrewick Dolgoroka Espalenick or Gentleman of the Czars Bed-Chamber was sent into France and Spain he is of the most Ancient Family in the Countrey he mightily admir'd the most Christian King and has declar'd that tho his Master was affronted in France he likes that Court better than that of Spain where the Czar was better treated His Nephew whom he left in France to learn the Language is the only Muscovite that speaks French There are but Four throughout this vast Countrey that can talk Latin and they are beholden for it to their Polish Tutors In short every Prince in Europe had an Envoy from the Czars upon this occasion They prepar'd to take the Field in 1687 and enter the Crim The Choice of their General took up some time Prince Galischin nominated several Lords fit for that Command but he was told on all hands that since he had made up the Peace with Poland he ought to give himself the trouble of trying whether the Conquest of Precop was so easy as he imagin'd He did all he could to excuse himself fr●● this Employ rightly conjecturing he should find great difficulties and all the ill success would be laid at his door notwithstanding his utmost Precaution and Prudence That tho the Army he commanded was formidable for Numbers yet they were but a multitude of raw undisciplin'd Peasants with whom he could never undertake any vigorous Action and come off with Honour Being a greater Statesman than Soldier he foresaw that his Absence might do him more Prejudice than the Conquest of the Crim bring him Glory and especially seeing he could not raise himself higher by it nor have a greater Sway in the Government by commanding the Army He saw besides that those who insisted most upon his taking this Charge did it only out of the Jealousy they had of him and with design to ruin him under a specious shew of honouring him with the Title of Generalissimo 'T is true the Lords that press'd it most were those that did not consent to the Agreement with the Poles besides they understood very well how difficult such an Invasion of the Crim would prove and were glad to remove Galischin from Moscow that his too great Authority might be lessen'd by his Absence The Majority voted Galischin General to his great discontent and so he was bound in Honour to take upon him the Conduct of the Expedition The Particulars of which take as follows The Expedition of the Muscovites into the Crim from 1687 to 1689. AFter mature Debates in Council the Muscovites being determin'd to send a Numerous Army into the Lesser Tartary chose Prince Galischin Woivode Bolschoy or Generalissimo The Boyar Alexis Simonewich Chein Woyevode of Novogrodiski General of the Forces of Cazan The Domini of Vvoranin Irran Georharrich Lerrenteteau Woivode Dartaolski General of a small Body of Cossacks and other light-arm'd Troops who always march before the Army and may properly be call'd the Forlorn Hope The Akalnick Levanti Romanorrick Pleuvan Woivode of Serene General of the Forces of Serene And Kencas or Prince Michael Andrumich Galischin Vaivode of Bialogrod General of the Forces of Bialogrod he was Cousin German to the great Galischin he had so great a Love for Foreigners that when he set out to his Government he carried with him as many as were willing to accompany him and among the rest a Frenchman who taught 〈…〉 Language All the Forces of the White Russia being thus provided with Leaders and the Cossacks with their Hettman 't was consulted how to raise Ammunition and Provisions for them All the Subjects of the great Empire of the Czars were immediately tax'd at a Rouble a House and the Value of a Rouble being Five French Livres we leave the Reader to judge what an immense Sum it amounted to Prince Galischin obtain'd surther that his Son should be made his Collegue in the Chancellorship which was a new Mark of the Princess's Esteem for him The General Rendezvouz was appointed in the Vkrain in the Countrey of those Cossacks who are independent of the Hettman and are commanded by Polkowniks or Collonels The Forces of Moscow were quarter'd at Arteek those of Novogrod at Auski those of Cazan at Rouplauski those of Serene at Krastenakoust and those of Bialogrod who were to remain upon the Frontiers were posted at Bialogrod The Hettman drew together his Troops at Calitch and all the Army being order'd to be at their Stations by the first of March the Soldiers march'd all the Winter of 1686 and the first of May they muster'd and took the Field 300000 Foot and 100000 Horse and encamp'd beyond the River Marle In a few days they began their March by the way of Poltaw a Town belonging to the Hettman and advanc'd as far as Scarsin upon the River Avit where they made a halt for some days to stay for a certain Image of the Virgin which was reputed to worlk Miracles by

were thought to be the Spoils of the Hettman Jean Sameuelewick four hundred Vessels of Silver weighing forty Pounds each and some Money The Wife of this Prince and his Son's Wife were banish'd with them but they were not admitted to take any thing with them thirty Roubles was all that these four Persons were allow'd Galischin being dispos'd of the Boyar Romanorrich Woywode of Serene was brought to the foot of the Stairs and condemn'd to go to Postozora a Town further North than Karga Poka there to spend the rest of his Days his Estate was confiscated likewise Wedenik Andrewik Esmeyan was charg'd to confine himself at home till further Order Kassantau was turn'd out of all his Places and confin'd to his own House and Lands Talachanau was made for his Life Woywode of Prziacelavaka a Town not far from Kiau upon the Nieper and the Great Treasurer was made Woywode of Novogrod upon the River Samare as long as he liv'd Next day Fiska had his Head cut off upon a Block and two Estreles that were to have been the Assassins suffered the same Punishment The Colonel that commanded the Detachment was whipp'd had his Tongue cut out and was sent to end his Days in Ziberia with an allowance of a Penny a day the five other Estreles had their Tongues cut out likewise and were sent into Ziberia to kill Sables All these Executions being over the Czar Peter acquainted the Princess with what he had done and desir'd her to leave the Palace and retire into a Monastry which she had built out of Town but she refus'd to comply with his request not being able to prevail with her self to enter into a place for Life from whence she had cunningly deliver'd her self contrary to Custom she lik'd better to retreat into Poland of which the Czar being inform'd he sent Order to the Commander of the Estreles to Conduct her either willingly or by force to the Monastry and set Guards upon all the Avenues and suffer no Person to come to her which was accordingly done And two days after the Czar Peter return'd to Moscow and made his Entry on Horseback there was nothing remarkable in it but 18000 Estreles of his Guards arm'd A quarter of an Hour after his Wife and Mother came in a Coach and all together alighted at the Palace The Czar John stood to receive his Brother at the top of the Steps they embrac'd Peter ask'd John to be Friends and he that answer'd for him having assur'd him he was so each retir'd to his Apartment and since that time no mention has been made of John but at the beginning of their Acts. Thus ended the Regency of the Princess Sophia who had been Mistress of the Great Empire of Russia for some Years but for endeavouring through a boundless Ambition to get all the Power into her hands which she held in the Name of her Brothers and to be absolute and independent was confin'd and shut up for the rest of her Life with eight hundred Religious Women whom she had caus'd to come from Kiovia with design to make her self the more Creatures through their assistance for they have nothing of Religion in them but the Name and not doubting but they would be more in her Interest than in her Brother Peter's whose Subjects they were made in 1666. when the Palatinate and City of Kiovia were yielded by the Poles to the Muscovites The Causes of the Troubles in Moscow AFTER having given an ample Relation of the Conspiracy against the Czar Peter it may be proper to shew That the Troubles that Court has been embroil'd in and those that may hereafter happen were and will be owing to the Intrigues of the Princess Sophia whose Wit and Merit is of another Stamp than her Person for she is very ugly being of a monstrous Size with a Head as big as a Bushel she has Hair upon her Chin Tumours upon her Legs and is at least forty Years old But though her Shape be deform'd her Judgment is regular and piercing and though she never read Machiavel she has by Nature all his Maxims and especially this That they may attempt any thing and stick at no Crime who are resolved to Reign And had she contented her self with the Administration of the Government and had not attempted to rid her self of her Brother Peter no body durst have form'd a Party in Favour of the Czar Peter against her Towards the end of the Czar Theodore's Reign the Princess Sophia having those Qualifications we have mention'd and foreseeing that Prince could not live long in his infirm State of Body she contriv'd how to get out of her Convent notwithstanding the settled Custom which obliges the Female Issue of the Czarian House to pass their Lives in that Confinement unmarried To which end she pretended an extraordinary kindness for her Brother and complained of her unhappiness that she could not visit a Person whom she loved so tenderly and attend him in his Sickness when he was in the Fits of his Distemper she sent every moment to ask how he did and at other times she let slip no occasion of testifying her Love for him and the Grief she felt in being oblig'd to be absent from him At length by these Methods having prepared a way for her intended Design she left the Convent under pretence of serving her Brother and administring to him in his Sickness which she did not suffering any body to come near him nor give him Medicines but her self for she wisely considere'd that the more she did for him the more she should be belov'd both by the Czar himself and every body else Thus she insinuated her self into the good Opinion of the Grandees to whom she carried her self very obligingly and won the Peoples hearts by her affable Behaviour studying to make all approve her Conduct and excuse her leaving the Convent One would have thought she should have been satisfied with being at liberty but being determin'd never to return to her Confinement she thought her best way would be to make her self absolute Mistress which Design being not to be carried on without a considerable number of Friends she pitch'd upon Prince Galischin as the fittest Person to be the chief of her Party He was a Man of great Quality descended from the last Duke of Lithuania of the House of Jagelon The Courtiers at first seem'd well enough pleas'd with this Choice imagining he would only have the Name of Chief Minister and they should share the Power with him but the Prince having more cunning than all the Muscovites put together easily managed them during the Reign of Theodore who dying suddenly Couvanski a bold Man and a declar'd Enemy of Galischin's made an Insurrection and cut off all the great Men that he thought would oppose his Design of making himself Czar under pretence of revenging his Master's Death upon those who as he gave out poyson'd him When thinking himself sure of the Crown and fearing