crown_v king_n of_o hungary_n afterward_o king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o then_o if_o the_o elector_n be_v willing_a he_o be_v also_o choose_a king_n of_o the_o roman_n whereby_o he_o be_v successor_n presumptive_a to_o the_o empire_n the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v much_o impair_v by_o several_a capitulation_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v true_a that_o only_o he_o can_v confer_v honour_n create_v prince_n affranchize_v city_n institute_v university_n and_o suchlike_a yet_o as_o to_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o that_o of_o levy_v tax_n upon_o the_o whole_a empire_n that_o be_v whole_o lodge_v in_o the_o general_n diet_n conjunct_o with_o he_o and_o by_o a_o late_a capitulation_n he_o be_v not_o to_o enter_v into_o alliance_n or_o make_v war_n with_o any_o foreign_a prince_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o elector_n however_o if_o we_o consider_v only_o his_o own_o hereditary_a dominion_n he_o be_v a_o powerful_a prince_n and_o to_o 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marquis_n of_o baden_n culembach_n etc._n etc._n the_o landgrave_n of_o hess_n prince_n of_o east-friezland_a nassau_n anhalt_n etc._n etc._n count_n of_o solms_n aversburg_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o other_o duke_n marquess_n and_o landgrave_n as_o also_o some_o earl_n and_o baron_n who_o exercise_v a_o sovereign_a power_n over_o those_o in_o their_o own_o dominion_n v._o free_a city_n which_o be_v either_o imperial_a or_o hans-town_n imperial_a city_n be_v those_o who_o bear_v the_o eagle_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o their_o arm_n and_o have_v right_o to_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o empire_n hans-town_n be_v those_o which_o about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o 13_o century_n enter_v into_o a_o firm_a league_n of_o mutual_o assist_v one_o another_o in_o time_n of_o distress_n as_o also_o in_o carry_v on_o such_o a_o regular_a commerce_n as_o may_v universal_o tend_v to_o their_o advantage_n and_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o empire_n which_o society_n increase_v to_o the_o number_n of_o eighty_o city_n who_o enjoy_v great_a privilege_n and_o exercise_v a_o peculiar_a jurisdiction_n among_o themselves_o for_o the_o better_a administration_n of_o which_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o circle_n distinguish_v by_o the_o name_n of_o four_o principal_a city_n in_o which_o be_v establish_v their_o court_n of_o judicatory_a viz._n lubeck_n cologn_n brunswick_n and_o dantzick_n but_o this_o society_n have_v be_v on_o the_o decline_a hand_n almost_o two_o hundred_o year_n and_o be_v now_o become_v very_o inconsiderable_a chief_a court_n in_o germany_n for_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v two_o viz._n the_o imperial_a chamber_n and_o chamber_n of_o vienna_n 1._o the_o imperial_a chamber_n consist_v of_o fifty_o judge_n call_v assessor_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n appoint_v the_o precedent_n and_o four_o of_o the_o principal_a officer_n each_o of_o the_o elector_n choose_v one_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v nominate_v by_o the_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n who_o business_n be_v to_o determine_v all_o dispute_n which_o arise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n between_o the_o prince_n as_o also_o other_o cause_n bring_v thither_o by_o appeal_n from_o inferior_a court_n the_o seat_n of_o this_o judicatory_a be_v former_o at_o spires_n but_o now_o at_o wetslar_n in_o hesse_n 2._o the_o chamber_n of_o vienna_n who_o office_n it_o be_v also_o to_o decide_v all_o cause_n bring_v to_o it_o by_o appeal_n from_o inferior_a court_n and_o claim_v the_o same_o authority_n with_o the_o chamber_n of_o spires_n the_o seat_n of_o this_o court_n be_v the_o emperor_n palace_n and_o either_o he_o himself_o or_o his_o deputy_n sit_v as_o chief_a be_v assist_v by_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o judge_n whereof_o several_a be_v professor_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o both_o those_o court_v the_o emperor_n as_o sovereign_n judge_n and_o precedent_n pronounce_v sentence_n when_o 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germany_n we_o may_v add_v that_o of_o switzerland_n
country_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o 9th_o 10_o 11_o and_o 12_o northern_a climate_n be_v not_o very_o fruitful_a soil_n but_o yet_o where_o less_o fertile_a in_o corn_n that_o disadvantage_n be_v recompense_v with_o tolerable_a pasturage_n it_o be_v numerous_a lake_n be_v very_o well_o store_v with_o various_a kind_n of_o fish_n its_o mountain_n be_v general_o cover_v over_o with_o tree_n and_o several_a of_o they_o line_v with_o considerable_a mine_n of_o silver_n tin_n brass_n and_o iron_n the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o northmost_a part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v about_o two_o month_n the_o sun_n be_v so_o long_o without_o set_v when_o near_o the_o summer_n solstice_n the_o short_a in_o the_o southmost_a be_v about_o 6_o hour_n 1_o â—_o and_o the_o night_n proportionable_o the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v metal_n ox-hides_a goatskin_n buck-skin_n and_o costly_a fur_n commodity_n pine_v tree_n fir-tree_n oale_n tallow_n tar_n honey_n and_o such_o like_a the_o chief_a 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himmelen_fw-mi sa_o ock_n pa_n jordenne_fw-fr wart_n dagliha_fw-es broad_a giffosz_fw-fr ay_o dagh_o och_v forlat_n osz_fw-fr wara_fw-mi skuld_fw-mi sa_o some_o ock_n wforlate_a they_o osz_fw-mi skyldighe_v aro_fw-mi och_n in_o leedh_fw-mi osz_fw-mi ickei_fw-mi frestelse_n uthan_fw-ge frels_fw-mi oszi_fw-fr fra_z ondo_fw-la amen_n the_o kingdom_n of_o swedeland_n have_v suffer_v various_a turn_n of_o fortune_n be_v frequent_o disturb_v by_o the_o government_n adjacent_a nation_n at_o last_o get_v rid_v of_o they_o all_o and_o become_v terrible_a to_o other_o spread_v itself_o over_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o its_o neighbour_n territory_n at_o present_a it_o be_v subject_a unto_o and_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o monarch_n who_o since_o the_o last_o age_n be_v not_o only_o hereditary_a but_o by_o the_o late_a turn_n of_o affair_n in_o his_o country_n have_v also_o attain_v unto_o and_o now_o exercise_v such_o a_o power_n over_o the_o subject_a that_o the_o same_o be_v real_o 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in_o this_o kingdom_n be_v these_o five_o viz._n 1_o that_o common_o call_v the_o king_n chamber_n design_v for_o the_o decision_n of_o all_o case_n happen_v between_o the_o nobility_n senator_n or_o any_o of_o the_o public_a officer_n and_o here_o the_o king_n be_v at_o least_o aught_o to_o sit_v as_o precedent_n 2_o the_o court_n marshal_n in_o which_o all_o matter_n relate_v to_o war_n be_v determine_v and_o here_o the_o grand_a marshal_n of_o the_o army_n be_v precedent_n 3._o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n in_o which_o edict_n mandate_n commission_n and_o such_o like_a be_v make_v out_o in_o the_o king_n name_n and_o here_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v precedent_n 4_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o which_o all_o business_n relate_v to_o maritime_a affair_n be_v transact_v and_o here_o the_o high_a admiral_n be_v precedent_n last_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n in_o which_o all_o matter_n concern_v the_o public_a revenue_n be_v manage_v and_o here_o the_o 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universal_o profess_v by_o all_o order_n and_o degree_n religion_n of_o man_n except_o in_o livonia_n where_o be_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o papist_n intermix_v and_o lapland_n many_o of_o who_o inhabitant_n be_v mear_v heathen_n usual_o worship_v the_o sun_n fire_n serpent_n and_o the_o like_a and_o that_o ever_o since_o the_o day_n of_o the_o reformation_n which_o be_v happy_o effect_v in_o this_o kingdom_n by_o gustavus_n the_o first_o upon_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o swedish_n crown_n since_o which_o time_n their_o religion_n have_v not_o be_v disturb_v from_o abroad_o but_o once_o and_o since_o that_o disturbance_n never_o distract_v at_o home_n by_o nonconformity_n for_o person_n of_o all_o rank_n adhere_v to_o the_o tenet_n of_o luther_n give_v constant_a attendance_n on_o divine_a service_n and_o join_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o worship_n christianity_n be_v first_o plant_v in_o this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o care_n and_o diligence_n of_o ansgarius_n archbishop_n of_o breme_n the_o apostle_n general_n of_o the_o north._n §._o 2._o denmark_n this_o
geneva_n i._o switzerland_n a_o large_a commonwealth_n consist_v of_o several_a little_a one_o viz._n thirteen_o canton_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v absolute_a within_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n be_v under_o a_o popular_a government_n in_o the_o main_a yet_o not_o strict_o so_o in_o respect_n of_o every_o particular_a canton_n those_o of_o bern_n zurich_n and_o lucern_n be_v more_o proper_o under_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o any_o other_o since_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o gentry_n do_v most_o prevail_v in_o they_o however_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o state_n consider_v as_o one_o complex_n republic_n consist_v of_o three_o distinct_a part_n viz._n the_o swisser_n themselves_o distribute_v as_o aforesaid_a into_o thirteen_o canton_n second_o those_o state_n confederate_a with_o they_o for_o their_o common_a liberty_n and_o protection_n and_o three_o the_o prefecture_n subject_a to_o they_o whether_o by_o gift_n purchase_n or_o chance_n 1._o the_o body_n of_o the_o canton_n be_v govern_v by_o each_o canton_n have_v its_o particular_a magistrate_n of_o their_o own_o choose_n by_o who_o with_o a_o stand_a council_n consist_v of_o person_n elect_v out_o of_o the_o people_n all_o particular_a controversy_n of_o the_o canton_n be_v hear_v and_o dertermine_v but_o when_o any_o public_a cause_n occur_v which_o relate_v to_o all_o the_o canton_n than_o each_o of_o they_o send_v its_o commissioner_n to_o the_o general_n diet_n which_o ordinary_o meet_v at_o baden_n where_o every_o canton_n have_v one_o vote_n and_o matter_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o major_a part_n 2._o confederate_a state_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o beside_o geneva_n be_v the_o grison_n a_o adjacent_a commonwealth_n govern_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o swisser_n of_o all_o the_o ally_n of_o the_o swisser_n there_o be_v none_o more_o potent_a than_o these_o they_o enter_v first_o into_o a_o league_n one_o with_o another_o anno_fw-la 1471._o and_o afterward_o with_o the_o swisser_n in_o 1491._o their_o country_n lie_v among_o inaccessible_a mountain_n and_o hideous_a precipice_n and_o they_o divide_v themselves_o into_o six_o part_n viz._n the_o grey_a league_n the_o league_n of_o the_o house_n of_o god_n the_o league_n of_o the_o ten_o jurisdiction_n the_o valteline_n and_o last_o the_o country_n of_o chiavana_n and_o bormio_n some_o believe_v they_o derive_v the_o title_n of_o grison_n from_o the_o custom_n of_o wear_v grey_a scarf_n when_o first_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o league_n together_o 3._o prefecture_n of_o the_o swisser_n particular_o those_o country_n and_o city_n of_o baden_n and_o sargan_n with_o many_o other_o town_n and_o village_n situate_v nigh_o unto_o or_o among_o the_o alps._n ii_o geneva_n be_v a_o free_a republic_n be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o magistrate_n and_o be_v in_o confederacy_n with_o the_o canton_n of_o switzerland_n who_o it_o resemble_v very_o much_o in_o the_o constitution_n of_o its_o government_n the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o state_n be_v lodge_v in_o a_o council_n of_o two_o hundred_o out_o of_o which_o a_o lesser_a council_n consist_v of_o twenty_o five_o be_v choose_v both_o which_o be_v for_o life_n serve_v for_o check_n one_o to_o another_o and_o final_o out_o of_o these_o twenty_o five_o be_v elect_v four_o principal_a officer_n who_o they_o call_v the_o syndicks_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a management_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n except_o it_o be_v in_o some_o great_a matter_n as_o make_v of_o peace_n or_o war_n offensive_a or_o defensive_a league_n hear_v appeal_n and_o such_o like_a general_n concern_v which_o be_v the_o business_n of_o the_o great_a council_n to_o consider_v and_o determine_v the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n for_o armorial_n ensign_n bear_v quarterly_o 1._o barwise_a argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a of_o eight_o arms._n piece_n for_o hungary_n 2._o argent_fw-fr a_o lion_n gules_a the_o tail_n nove_v and_o pass_v in_o saltier_n crown_v lange_v and_o arm_v or_o for_o bohemia_n 3._o gules_a a_o fez_n argent_fw-fr for_o austria_n party_n and_o bendwise_o argent_fw-fr and_o azure_a a_o border_n gules_a for_o ancient_n burgundy_n 4._o quarterly_o in_o the_o first_o and_o last_o gules_a a_o castle_n triple_a tower_a or_n purâ—led_v sable_a for_o castille_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o argent_fw-fr a_o lion_n purple_a for_o leon._n the_o shield_n crest_v with_o a_o imperial_a crown_n close_v and_o raise_v in_o shape_n of_o a_o mitre_n have_v betwixt_o the_o two_o point_n a_o diadem_n surmount_v with_o a_o globe_n and_o cross_n or._n this_o shield_n environ_v with_o a_o choler_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o golden_a fleece_n be_v place_v on_o the_o breast_n of_o a_o eagle_n display_v sable_a in_o a_o field_n or_o diademed_a member_v and_o beck_v gules_a hold_v a_o naked_a sword_n in_o the_o right_a talon_n and_o a_o sceptre_n in_o the_o left_a the_o two_o head_n signify_v the_o eastern_a and_o western_a empire_n and_o for_o the_o motto_n be_v these_o word_n uno_n avulso_fw-la non_fw-la deficit_fw-la alter_fw-la but_o the_o emperor_n peculiar_a devise_n be_v pax_n &_o salus_fw-la europae_n the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n give_v free_a toleration_n to_o the_o public_a exercise_n of_o three_o religion_n viz._n the_o lutheran_n religion_n calvinist_n and_o popish_a and_o in_o some_o place_n all_o three_o party_n celebrate_v divine_a worship_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o church_n at_o different_a time_n of_o the_o day_n as_o among_o other_o at_o manheim_n in_o the_o palatinate_n before_o it_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o french_a the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n be_v begin_v here_o by_o martin_n luther_n about_o 1517._o and_o embrace_v by_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n brandenburg_n prince_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n landgrave_n of_o hesse_n the_o duke_n of_o brunswick_n and_o most_o of_o the_o free_a city_n whereupon_o follow_v continual_a war_n and_o trouble_n about_o religion_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n which_o the_o protestant_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o till_o at_o last_o by_o the_o treaty_n of_o westphalia_n in_o 1648._o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o they_o of_o the_o confession_n of_o ausburg_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o any_o manner_n whatsoever_o but_o to_o be_v secure_v from_o all_o prosecution_n of_o law_n and_o violence_n in_o this_o posture_n thing_n continue_v till_o of_o late_a that_o the_o french_a king_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o empire_n and_o take_v so_o many_o town_n and_o city_n of_o it_o in_o all_o which_o he_o dispossess_v the_o protestant_n of_o their_o right_n and_o establish_v the_o exercise_n of_o the_o roman_a religion_n and_o this_o he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o confirm_v by_o the_o last_o treaty_n at_o reswick_n where_o his_o plenipotentiaries_n in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o emperor_n prevail_v to_o insert_v into_o the_o say_a treaty_n a_o clause_n whereby_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n shall_v remain_v within_o the_o place_n restore_v by_o france_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o empire_n in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o it_o be_v exercise_v at_o present_a and_o though_o the_o protestant_n long_o contest_v and_o at_o last_o sign_v the_o treaty_n with_o a_o protestation_n that_o the_o clause_n in_o dispute_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o precedent_n for_o the_o future_a yet_o there_o be_v too_o great_a reason_n to_o fear_v that_o the_o popish_a party_n have_v gain_v a_o considerable_a advantage_n in_o this_o point_n the_o various_a part_n of_o this_o country_n receive_v the_o light_n of_o the_o bless_a gospel_n at_o various_a time_n and_o that_o by_o the_o preach_n of_o various_a apostle_n especial_o st._n thomas_n surname_v didymus_n one_o of_o the_o twelve_o poland_n by_o robt._n morden_n sect_n v._o concern_v poland_n  _fw-fr d._n m._n  _fw-fr miles_n situate_v between_o 34_o 30_o of_o long._n its_o great_a length_n be_v about_o 780._o 53_o 30_o between_o 48_o 00_o of_o latit_n breadth_n be_v about_o 600._o 58_o 20_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o class_n viz._n east_n middle_n west_n east_n class_n comprehend_v lithuania_n chief_z town_n vilna_n n._n to_o s._n volinia_n kiou_n podolia_n camenick_n middle_a class_n comprehend_v curland_n mittaw_n n._n to_o s._n samogitia_n rosâ—â—ie_o polaquia_fw-la bieâ—â—ko_n little_a russia_n lemberge_n west_n class_n comprehend_v prussia_n dantzick_n n._n to_o s._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d polonia_n prop._n cracovia_n of_o all_o these_o in_o order_n §._o 1._o lithuania_n a_o dukedom_n  _fw-fr palatinate_n of_o troki_n chief_z town_n idem_n w._n to_o e._n wilna_n idem_fw-la braslawen_n braslaw_n poloczkien_n poloczk_v contain_v the_o witepskien_n witepsk_v novogrodeck_n idem_fw-la w._n to_o e._n minskien_n minski_n mscislawen_n mscislaw_n d._n of_o sluczk_n idem_fw-la w._n to_o e_z territory_n of_o rohaczow_n idem_fw-la rzeczica_fw-la idem_fw-la southward_n §._o 2._o volinia_n a_o province_n contain_v the_o palatinate_n of_o luck_n w._n chief_a town_n idem_fw-la w._n to_o e._n territory_n of_o kiow_n e._n idem_fw-la §._o 3._o podolia_n a_o province_n
people_n be_v mighty_o stain_v by_o many_o notorious_a vice_n which_o reign_v among_o they_o particular_o those_o of_o revenge_n and_o lust_n jealousy_n and_o swear_v to_o all_o of_o which_o they_o be_v so_o excessive_o give_v that_o even_o a_o modest_a narrative_n will_v seem_v incredible_a as_o for_o the_o female_a sex_n a_o vulgar_a say_v go_v of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v magpie_n at_o the_o door_n saint_n in_o the_o church_n goat_n in_o the_o garden_n devil_n in_o the_o house_n angel_n in_o the_o street_n and_o syrenes_n at_o the_o window_n the_o present_a language_n of_o italy_n be_v a_o dialect_n of_o the_o latin_a which_o be_v the_o ancient_a language_n of_o this_o country_n language_n almost_o every_o province_n and_o city_n have_v its_o peculiar_a idiom_n but_o that_o of_o tuscany_n be_v reckon_v the_o pure_a and_o best_a polish_a of_o all_o other_o and_o be_v that_o which_o person_n of_o quality_n and_o learning_n usual_o speak_v paternoster_n in_o italian_a run_v thus_o padre_n nostro_fw-la che_fw-it sci_fw-la ne_fw-la cielo_fw-it siam_fw-it sanctificato_fw-la il_fw-it tuo_fw-la nome_fw-mi venga_fw-mi il_fw-fr tuo_fw-la regno_fw-la siam_fw-it fatta_fw-it la_fw-it tua_fw-la volonta_fw-la sy_n come_v in_o ciclo_o cosi_fw-la encora_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la dacci_fw-la hogli_fw-la il_fw-fr nostro_fw-la pane_fw-la cotidiano_fw-mi é_fw-fr rimettiâ—i_fw-fr i_fw-it nostri_fw-la debiti_fw-la si_fw-la come_v encor_fw-fr noigli_fw-it remettiano_fw-it a_o i_o nostri_fw-la dâ—bitori_fw-la e_o non_fw-la ci_fw-fr indurre_n in_o tentatione_n ma_fw-fr liberaci_fw-la dal_a male_n amen_n the_o government_n of_o italy_n can_v be_v due_o consider_v without_o look_v back_o unto_o the_o chief_a division_n of_o government_n that_o country_n abovementioned_a there_o be_v so_o many_o different_a sovereignty_n therein_o independent_a on_o one_o another_o and_o not_o subject_v to_o one_o head_n the_o whole_a be_v therefore_o divide_v into_o upper_a middle_a and_o lower_v according_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a analysis_n i._o the_o upper_a or_o lombardy_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o one_o principality_n five_o dutchy_n two_o republic_n and_o one_o bishopric_n that_o one_o principality_n viz_o piedmont_n be_v under_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n the_o five_o dutchy_n viz._n those_o of_o montferrat_n milan_n parma_n modena_n and_o mantua_n be_v under_o several_a sovereign_n for_o montferrat_n be_v partly_o under_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n and_o partly_o under_o the_o french_a king_n milan_n be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o which_o he_o be_v dependent_a on_o the_o emperor_n parma_n be_v most_o under_o its_o own_o duke_n who_o be_v feudatary_a to_o the_o pope_n pay_v yearly_o ten_o thousand_o crown_n modena_n be_v under_o its_o own_o duke_n who_o be_v dependent_a on_o the_o emperor_n and_o mantua_n be_v most_o under_o its_o own_o duke_n who_o be_v feudatary_a to_o the_o emperor_n the_o two_o republic_n be_v those_o of_o venice_n and_o genoa_n of_o who_o particular_o afterward_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o senare_n and_o magigistrates_n the_o one_o bishopric_n be_v that_o of_o trent_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n ii_o the_o middle_a part_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n the_o dukedom_n of_o tuscany_n and_o the_o republic_n of_o luca_n and_o st._n marino_n the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n or_o st._n peter_n patrimony_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o rule_v by_o several_a governor_n set_v over_o its_o various_a division_n who_o be_v general_o not_o asleep_o little_a severe_a upon_o the_o subject_a his_o holiness_n the_o pope_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_a see_v be_v both_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a sovereign_n thereof_o and_o be_v common_o style_v by_o roman_a catholic_n the_o chief_a ecclesiastic_a of_o all_o christendom_n the_o patriarch_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o west_n the_o primate_n and_o supreme_a governor_n of_o italy_n the_o metrapolitan_a of_o those_o bishop_n suffragan_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o bishop_n of_o the_o most_o famous_a st._n john_n of_o lateran_n the_o dukedom_n of_o tuscany_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n under_o its_o own_o duke_n except_o the_o town_n of_o sienna_n for_o which_o he_o be_v tributary_n to_o spain_n and_o orbitellio_n which_o belong_v also_o to_o the_o spaniard_n this_o duke_n be_v esteem_v the_o rich_a and_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o the_o italian_a prince_n but_o his_o manner_n of_o government_n be_v general_o reckon_v too_o press_v and_o uneasy_a to_o the_o subject_a the_o town_n and_o republic_n of_o luca_n and_o st._n marino_n be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o magistrate_n as_o free_a state_n but_o of_o they_o afterward_o iii_o the_o low_a part_n of_o italy_n be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o spaniard_n for_o which_o he_o be_v homager_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o according_o send_v his_o holiness_n yearly_a a_o white_a horse_n and_o 7000_o ducat_n by_o way_n of_o acknowledgement_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o viceroy_n appoint_v and_o send_v thither_o by_o his_o catholic_n majesty_n who_o be_v usual_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a grandee_n of_o spain_n and_o be_v common_o renew_v every_o three_o year_n these_o vice-roys_n as_o in_o most_o other_o of_o the_o spanish_a government_n during_o their_o short_a regency_n do_v industrious_o endeavour_v to_o lose_v no_o time_n in_o fill_v their_o own_o coffer_n and_o that_o by_o most_o grievous_a exaction_n on_o the_o poor_a subject_n so_o severe_a indeed_o be_v the_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o neapolitan_n that_o the_o king_n officer_n be_v common_o say_v to_o suck_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n and_o to_o fleece_n in_o the_o island_n of_o sicily_n but_o to_o flay_v off_o the_o very_a skin_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n so_o that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a in_o europe_n be_v most_o miserable_o harass_v by_o these_o hungry_a and_o rapacious_a vulture_n beside_o these_o prince_n in_o italy_n abovementioned_a there_o be_v several_z other_o who_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o some_o high_a power_n particular_a that_o of_o the_o emperor_n the_o pope_n or_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o the_o government_n of_o italy_n we_o may_v add_v the_o four_o follow_a republic_n viz._n those_o of_o venice_n genova_n luca._n st._n marino_n i._o venice_n this_o republic_n be_v under_o a_o aristocratical_a government_n the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o state_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o nobility_n or_o certain_a number_n of_o family_n enroll_v in_o the_o golden_a book_n call_v the_o register_n of_o the_o venetian_a noble_n their_o chief_a officer_n be_v the_o duke_n or_o doge_n who_o authority_n be_v a_o mere_a chimaera_n and_o he_o no_o better_a than_o a_o sovereign_a shadow_n precedency_n be_v all_o he_o can_v just_o claim_v above_o the_o other_o magistrate_n here_o be_v establish_v five_o principal_a council_n viz._n 1_o that_o term_v the_o grand_a council_n comprehend_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nobility_n by_o who_o be_v elect_v all_o magistrate_n and_o enact_v all_o law_n which_o they_o judge_v convenient_a for_o the_o public_a good_n 2_o that_o term_v the_o pregadi_n common_o call_v the_o senate_n of_o venice_n consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o person_n who_o determine_v matter_n of_o the_o high_a importance_n as_o those_o relate_n to_o peace_n or_o war_n league_n and_o alliance_n 3_o the_o college_n consist_v of_o twenty_o four_o lord_n who_o office_n be_v to_o give_v audience_n to_o ambassador_n and_o to_o report_v their_o demand_n to_o the_o senate_n which_o alone_o have_v power_n to_o return_v answer_n 4_o the_o council_n of_o ten_o consist_v of_o ten_o nobleman_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o hear_v and_o decide_v all_o criminal_a matter_n this_o court_n who_o jurisdiction_n be_v extraordinary_a great_a be_v yearly_o renew_v and_o three_o of_o these_o nobleman_n call_v the_o capi_n or_o inquisitor_n of_o state_n be_v choose_v monthly_o to_o which_o triumvirate_n be_v assign_v such_o a_o power_n in_o judge_v of_o criminal_n that_o their_o definitive_a sentence_n teach_v the_o chief_a nobleman_n of_o the_o state_n as_o well_o as_o the_o mean_a artificer_n if_o they_o be_v unanimous_a in_o their_o voice_n otherways_o all_o the_o ten_o be_v consult_v with_o two_o genova_n be_v under_o a_o aristocratical_a government_n very_o like_a to_o that_o of_o venice_n for_o its_o principal_a magistrate_n have_v the_o name_n or_o title_n of_o duke_n but_o continue_v only_o for_o two_o year_n to_o who_o there_o be_v assistant_n eight_o principal_a officer_n who_o with_o the_o duke_n be_v call_v the_o seignory_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n be_v also_o subordinate_a to_o the_o grand_a council_n consist_v of_o four_o hundred_o person_n all_o gentleman_n of_o the_o city_n which_o council_n with_o the_o seignory_n do_v constitute_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n this_o state_n be_v much_o