I endeavour to point out how some of all Capacities signal for any Thing or Action extraordinary and that possibly may enter into any part of History may at some time or upon some occasion or other fetch Matter and Subject proper for Use out of an universal Stock of Medals and Stamps tho' they be not all Heads and Reverses of Herâ—s Let my Reader therefore know that it is for their sakes who are making Collections of Prints in Taille douce and would furnish themselves with the Heads and Pourtraits of Famous Persons which in Medals they never hope to obtain The great Amasser of this innocent and useful Curiosity since the Noble Atticus and the most Learned of the Romans * Plin. Nat. Hist. Lib. xxxv Cap. 3. see the Passage M. Varro was the late Abbot dâ— Villeloin already mentioned whose numerous Collection the French King has purchased for a very considerable Sum to entich his incomparable Library with so as no Author or Person almost whatsoever Renowned for Letters Arms or Arts but may be seen in his lively Effigies amonst that prodigious Assembly of Prints a fuller Account whereof is given in the Abbot's own Life written by himself Next to this Curious Man Cornelius Beughen has upon a like Design gotten together a very great Number of Stamps and published his Museum or Syllabus Iconum Illustrium wherein he gives an Account of them and of the Excellent Order he has marshal'd them in with this Introduction as it relates to Medals Extra ullum est dubium quod ad cognitionem Numismatum Historiarum non ultimum locum sibi vendicent Icones Prosopographiae Virorum tam Marte quam Arte illustrium quam frugiferum hoc sit studium non meum erit haec multis Encomiis referre quippe qui in praesens non Oratorem sed Collectorem agere constitui c. Doubtless says he the Images and Pourtraits of Persons Famous and Conspicuous as well for Arms as Arts do not a little contribute to the Knowledge and Understanding of Medals and good History How Advantageous the Study thereof is I purpose not to celebrate with many Encomiums here who recommend them at present but as a Collector not as an Orator c. To these add Lorenzo Crasso Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato Boissardi Icones c. Thevet acquaints us where he had most of his and De l'Asne has himself Graven Three Hundred Pourtraits to the Life And the Plenipotentiaries of the Famous Treaty at Munster are also in Stamp and so are likewise all the great Generals and Commanders of the Imperial and Swedish Armies from the Year 1630. The Popes and Cardinals by Augustinus Oldorpius besides a newer Set of them by a later Hand as in those above named the Effigies of all the Learned as well as other Illustrious Persons of Italy and other Countries To these may be added Peter Laurembergius de Pulchritudine Philippus Thomasinus's Illustrium Virorum Elogia where you have not only the Effigies of all the Learned Persons then in Italy from about the Fourth Century to the Twelfth but several Medals also that were struck in Honor of them Besides these Philip Gallus of Antwerp 1577. published in Stamp the Heads of all the Italian Modern Poets and such as among the Greek revived that Tongue in Europe and the often named Imperialis in his Museum Historicum presents us with the Icons and Elogies of sundry other Famous Great and Learned Persons after the manner of Paulus Iovius Ianus Strada a Mantuan Antiquary has in Taille-douce the Pourtraits of the Twelve Roman Caesars together with many of their Relations and with great accurateness the Learned Graevius in his Thesaurus Antiquitatum Romanarum besides innumerable rare Things gives us the same Effigies from Iulius to Constantine the Great designed from Medals But above all besides what is already published of Leonardus Augustinus Antiquary to Pope Alexander VII That which the Curious may expect from the Incomparable Gronovius of the Heads and Effigies of the most Illustrious Greeks possibly to be found in Medals or Statues and to be Ingraven by the most famous Artists together with other pretious Antiquities relating to the Subject inrich'd with the Notes and Discourses of this Learned Professor in three large Volumes in * See the Paper published by the Printer Peter Van der Aa of Levden giving a large Account of this Work with the Conditions to the Subscribers Folio The Heads of the Roman and German Emperors from Charles the Great are set forth by Gualdus Engraven by Kilian and Dominicus Custos together with those of the Dukes of Bavaria the Heads Stems and Genealogies of the most Renowned Princes of Germany Count Palatines of the Rhine divers of the French Spanish Danish Swedish and Polish Kings the Arch-Dukes of Austria Venice Florence Savoy Parma Mantua Ferrara Burgundy Lorain Brunswic the Princes of the Illustrious Houses of Nassau Conde Generals and great Captains with sundry Mahumetan Princes and other Famous Persons not forgetting that pompous Volume of those Noble French which Cardinal Richelieu caused to be painted at length and set up in his Palace-Gallery at Paris Ingraven with great accurateness by Hience and Bignon to which the Cbevalier Wolson has subjoined an abstract of their Lives and Actions with many Heroical Emblems After these Henry Hondius presents us the Effigies and Elogies of such Divines as have most signally opposed the Errors of the Church of Rome under the Title of Antichristian Ingraved by Iac. Verheiden And lastly for the English Persons Renowned for Birth Learning Arms and Arts from Anno 1500. to the beginning of the present Century are published by Crispin Passaeus a very accurate and diligent Graver But for the Excellency of the Draught and Resemblance to the Life there 's none in Competition with those designed and some of them also Etched by the Hand of the Famous Van Dyke without Controversie the most incomparable Morphographer and Painter of this or perhaps any former Age most of them Cut by the best Chalcographers then Living and set forth in a large Folio containing the Icons of an Hundred Persons of the greatest Quality among us To conclude The Curious Monsieur Began Intendant de la Marine de Rochfort is now publishing the Heads of all the Literati and Illustrious Persons of the present Age which he is causing to be Engraven with their Elogies and that from the best Originals he can any where procure and gets many to be designed and drawn by Stealth and Privately from several to whom he is not known and that know nothing of his intended Work as in particular the Effigies of the so much talked of Varillas who would never suffer his Picture to be taken ashamed perhaps to shew his Face to the World which he has egregiously abused by his Romantic Histories and Mercenary Pen as the late more worthy Monsieur Menagius acquaints us whose Pourtrait with abundance of other Learned Men we
Sieges Expeditions Truces Peaces Alliances Negotiations Discoveries Colonies Adventures Plantations Companies and Improvements of Arts and Manufactures In a word nothing Memorable has escap'd the Medal nor what of other Countries that have had any relation to them Sometimes to the Honor of their Nation useful and full of profitable Diversion Verily a Curiosity together with the Historical Discourses upon them worthy both the Collection and Cabinet of the Curious To proceed therefore with their Reverses We have there represented besides Heads and Effigies all that has fall'n out of Great and worthy the notice of History frequent Events referring to most Actions not of Europe only but of both the Indies and the whole World in any sort relating to I think the most Industrious People in it For instance They have Medals of the very first occasion of their Revolt and Emancipation from the Tyranny and Oppression of Philip II. under which they groan'd upon his endeavouring to introduce the Inquisition and in order thereunto erecting new Bishopricks and Tribunals infringing their antient Immunities and Constitutions And how from that contemptuous Name of Geux and Vagabonds to High and Mighty they in less than a Century asserted their Rights and Liberties against all the Power and Policy of then the most potent and formidable Monarch of Christendom We have in the Reverse of their Medals their Original Confederation and Union with Utrecht their early application and submission to Queen Elizabeth for her Protection the Cautionary Towns and Fortresses made over to and Garrisoned by her with their Râ—â—ddition their deplorable and cruel Sufferings after their first Governor Philip Emanuel Duke of Savoy and Governes's Margarete Dutchess of Parma Cardinal Granvil under that fierce and truculent Alvarez de Toledo Duke of Alva his Son Frederic Don Lovis de Requesens Don Iohn of Austria the Arch-Duke Matthias the Princes of Parma Count Mansfield Arch-Duke Albert Clara Eugenia the Cardinal Infanta the late Fran. de Mela Leopoldus Monterey and the rest They represent the Executions and Catastrophes of Count Egmont and Horn the several Massacres which follow'd the Heroical Acts of Prince William of Nassau his Assassination the Effigies and Exploites of those who pursued that great Persons Victories what was or rather indeed what was not done during the Government of the Duke of Alenson and our Earl of Leicester the wonderful Successes and Triumphs of Grave Maurice Henry Frederic William the Second and Third the Renowned Princes of Orange even to the late stupendious Revolution We have in the Reverses of their Medals the Surprizes of Brill which was their first Exploit and Harlem the memorable Siege of Leyden the Stratagem at Breda Sluce Bergen-op-zoom Bois le Duc Venlo Ruremond Sas de Gand Hulst the later Siege of Maestricht c. the famous Leagures and Battles of Ostend Newport Seneff with the Heads and Pourtraits of Sir Francis and Horatio Veres and other English Hero 's their brave Exploits and Successes against Don Iuan Parma Spinola and others the most renowned Captains and Commanders of that Age. There is a Medal of Prince William the Second's March to Amsterdam and of whatsoever else has fall'n out of Remarkable for more than an hundred years past But these for being acted in their own Country I mention together not forgetting such Exploits as their Medals have Consecrated to their Renown abroad upon the Sea and in other Lands as a Reverse of the famous Battel of Lepanto the bold Action at Damiata in Egypt the Naval Fight in Eighty Eight upon our dispersion of that Invincible Armada with that other signal Combat in An. 1639. their surprizing of the Spanish Plate Fleet several Contests with ours during the late Rebellion with their Admirals Trumps de Ruyters Opdams c. Engagements with the Duke of York Prince Rupert Duke of Albemarle and Earl of Sandwich worthy a kinder fate and to our reproach their Insult at Chatham and Action at Bergen Relief of Denmark and Copenhagen when streightned by the Swedes there is a large Medalion of de Ruyters Exploits in Sicily Succours formerly yielded to other Princes their Allies as during their Peace with Albert and Isabel in the affair of Cleve and Iuliers they stampt Medals of the late Incursions and Excursions of the French An. 1673. since the Peace of Nimegue and several other Treaties and Conventions since that general one at Munster and what pass'd with that Martial Bishop Groningen Narden Breda the Triple League and several others with Foreign Princes and Potentates There is a Medal asserting their Liberty of Commerce of their Expeditions to the Eastern Indies by the Cape of Good Hope in sum of their Circum-Navigations of the whole Terrestrial-Terraqueous World penetrating to the Antipodes and even to the sight of both the Poles Others of their Wars with the Indian Monarchs the Establishment of both East and West India Companies their Colonies Cities Forts Factories in the Moluccas Iavan Ceylon and other Spice Islands their Fisheries and Adventures at Nova Zembla and attempts on the North west Passages of their Expeditions and Success of Prince Maurice in Brasile In short there 's not a Discovery Colony Munition Plantation Negotiation Factory or Scale of Commerce City Citadel State-house Bourse Church Hospital sumptuous Edifice Harbor Canal or the like Public Charge but they shew in Medal Witness those struck of the Erection of Leiden and other Cities into Schools and Universities the Effigies of their famous Professors and Countrymen renown'd for their Learning Souldiers Statesmen Medals of the Authors of several Inventions Arrogating the Arts of Printing Painting in Oyl Mills and Machines their veliferous Chariot and other great and useful Things They struck Medals of several Triumphs and magnificent Pomps on sundry occasions setting forth the Reception and Marriage of the unfortunate Frederic Prince Elector and Lady Elizabeths Landing at Flushing another when the King and Queen of Bohemia took their sad flight after the decretory Battel of Prague they caused Medals to be made of the Refuge which they gave to Mary de Medices Mother of so many Crown'd Heads when she had none to shelter her own Of the Nuptials of Prince William the Second with the Daughter of England another of the generous Entertainment which they gave our late King Charles the Second at Breda and of his Transportation into England at his Restoration To these succeed their Medals of the late Duke of Monmouths Invasion the Birth of the Prince of Wales of our Bishops confinement in the Tower of London as formerly I had found one in memory of the Gun-Powder Conspiracy a delivery for ought I know wholly neglected by us who were most concern'd with any lasting Record of this nature or bare Inscription The late stupendious Expedition and Descent at Torbay is celebrated in a large Medalion as is likewise the Recess of King Iames II. and the Coronation following They stamp'd a Medal upon the memorable Siege of London-Derry in Ireland with sundry
furtivae now in such use among us Sed manum de Tabula For I should never else have done to think of finishing this Piece thro' all its dimensions and varieties as we did expect to find it in what Mr. Turner undertakes Sed quanta de spe I descend therefore to other Nations producing Men of Name or Merit for something Extraordinary and Conspicuous whose Effigies in Medal or otherwise were desirable upon the Account we shall hereafter * Concerning Physiognomy mention in favour of this seeming Digression Alphonsus the Learned King of Leon and Castile and a Duke of Ferrara of that Name Andrea D'Oria who signaliz'd himself at the Battel of Lepanto Alexander Farneze Albert Marquis of Brandenburg Alonzo Perez de Gusman Duke of Medina Sidonia General of the Armada Surnamed Invincible against England Anno 1588. c. It would be tedious but to Epitomize their several Exploits and Famous Atchievements which every body conversant in modern History will call to mind upon the recital of their Names only which I therefore run over and as I am Writing Belizarius the fortunate and unfortunate General under Iustinian Godfry of Bulloin the Noble Baldwin and other Heros of the Holy War Carolus Magnus and Quintus Charles Duke of Burbon and Charles Duke of Lorain Charles the Ninth of France Carolus de Cosse Matthew Corvinus Assaldus Longus Aloisius Mustus Antonio Prospero Colunna Cosimo di Medicis Lorenzo and Peter Iohn casmire Don Iuan de Castro and Austria the Cardinals of Lorain Richlieu and Mazarin Lovis de Bourbon Prince of Conde and his Father Henry the Chevalier Bayard Gaspar Colligny the Admiral assassin'd in the Bloody Parisian Massacre Rosny Duke of Sully Charles Son of King Philip the Second of Spain put to Death by his Father suspected of favouring a Reformation Christiern the Second and Fourth Kings of Denmark Ericius and Gustavus Adolphus the Victorious Kings of Sweden Frederic King of Bohemia Bethlem Gabor Prince of Transylvania Isaac Conyno Emperor of Trebezond Sebastian Zsni Doge of Venice Bartol Covillon Fagiofanus Busonius Castruccio Castricani Darellus the Waivod Draculus Ioseph King of Morocco Taffalet Benjamin Bucher Hamar Essain the Turk Isaac King of Tombut Demetrius and the truculent Vasilovits Emperor of Russia Christ. Bernard of Munster the Famous Pyrate Barbarossa I have seen Pictures of Montezuma Emperor of Mexico Athabaliba the Ynca Paraccussi King of La Plata Oran Zeeb Zaga Christi Tomabes the last Soldan of Egypt Simon the Georgian Prince Geo. Castriot Sahach Abba Sophy of Persia Sultan amurad and Mahumed Second and Third Selymus and the Magnificent Solyman Alsierius Cham of Tartary Ferhates Bacha and Chuseines Bacha of Carmania Zeriff of Fez Muleasses King of Tunis the late Vizier Cuproli Io. Cigala c. To which may be added other extraordinary Persons former and later Ambassadors from India Morocco Russia done by our best Painters Hamet Ben Hoddu Ottor Raia Nebee Naie Wi-Praia his Collegue Abi Iaga Sedana and Peter Io. Potemkin of Mosco Pawhatan Emperor of Virginia and Matoaka his Daughter Wife to Esq Rolff with the painted Prince Giolo lately shew'd in Public To return to Christendom Ferdinando Gonsalvo de Cordova and Soto Fiesco of Genoa Ferdinand Gaspar de Gonzaga Guatimala Gasp. de Gusman Conde de Olivares Guidantonio Guidobaldi Duke of Urbin and Fra. Maria Marquis Galeatius Gastion de Faux the great Duke of Guize Francis the First Marishal de Gassion the Duke of Bohan Anna Dutchess of Memorency Henry the Fourth of France Blaise de Monluc Mich. Hospitalis Fran. Lesdiguieres the late Henry de la Tour Marishal of France the Princes of Conde and Conti Armand de Biron Ludov. de Trimouille George Cardinal l'Ambois the Count de Dunois Io. Boucicault Simon de Monfort Scevola de Chastillon Olivarius de Clisson Bertrand de Gueslin the late Count de Rochfacault Io. Huniades Hercules Duke of Ferrara Raymundus de Ponto first Master of the Order of Malta George Elector of Brandenburg Iohn Frederic of Saxony great Patron of Luther c. Io. Burgundus last Master of the Knights Templars Cardinal Hugo Malatesta Don Iuan d' Oquendo Admiral of the Spanish Fleet Anno 1639. Io. de Wert Buquoy Count Tilly Walestine Duke of Fridland Pepin King of France and Father of Charles the Great Phocas who murdered his Master the Emperor Mauritius and was Founder of the Papal Primacy Anno 602. Tol the Brave Swiss the Noble Alonso Peresus Piccinino Fran. Pezaro Clara Eugenia the most Prudent Governess of Flanders c. Peter Fulgosus Assaldus Piso Phil. Longus George Ragotzius Io. Ranzovius Randolphus Adornus Chr. Radziuil Peter Serini Marquis Spinola Diego Sarmiento de Acunna Sebastian King of Portugal Sigismond King of Poland Count Staremberg who so bravely Defended Vienna Thâ— Strozzi Ludovic and Fran. Sforza Canis Scaliger Princes of Verona Iacobus Trivultio Martin Turriano Virgilio Ursini Simon Vignotius Villiers and Valetta Great Masters of Malta and Rhodes Vasques de Gama Farinata Ubertus Zisca Zamoschi Chancellor of Poland Henry à Brederode the Most Illustrious and Heroic Princes of Orange William the First Maurice Henry Frederic William the Second and Third his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 M. DC LXXXIIX c. and amongst the most Worthy to be for ever Celebrated by that State in Medals of Gold that Brave and Courageous Patriot Offe who with his second Hassenaer saved his Fellow Citizens and Country from being tamely given up to the French before Amsterdam 1678. Fathers and Divines as many as can be recovered with any appearance of Resemblance which I fear will be very few tho' the Monks in some old Greek and Latin Manuscripts pretend to present us not a few especially of the later School-men and Theologues of Note Such as Alphonsus a Castro Aquinas Abbas Urspergensis Altingus G. de Saint Amore Angl. Anastasius Anselmus Arius Montanus Armachanus Angl. Baconthorp Anglus Balsamon Baronius Bellarmin Berengarius Bessarion Bertrâ—m Biel. Bonaventura Bradwardin Angl. Casa Ep. Benevent Cajetan Canus Melch. Capgrave Angl. Cassander Geo. Cusanus Card. Delrio Dionysius Exig M. de Dominis Dossat Drexelius Dubravius Ducaeus Fronto Durandus Drusus Escobar Espensaeus Faggius Paul Fonseca Fulgentius Gaza Theod. Genebrand Gerson Goranus Angl. Granata Grosthed Angl. Hampolus Angl. Heresbachius Hincmarus Hugo Cardinal Hosius Cardinal Iacobus de Vorag Iansenius Ep. Iper Iccoltus Cardinal A Kempis Tho. A Lapide Corn. Io Lascaris Lessius Pet. Lombard Fratres P. Comestor Gratian. Lyra Nich. Angl. Maldonat Mapus Angl. Molineus Mont Luc. Necham Angl. Nigellus Angl. Ocham Angl. Paguinus Pagnigarola Pamelus Pascastus P. Paul Sarpi Author of the C. of Trent Pallavicini Card. his Antagonist Perotus Nic. Perron Cardinal Rhabanus Maur. Rhenanus Beat. Ribadineira Rigaltius Sa Emanuel Sadolet Cardinal Salignat Salmeron Savanerola Schelstrate Serarius Soto Dominic Stapulensis Fab. Suarez Tapperus Tolet Cardinal Torretius Tostatus Tossanus Valentius Greg. Valesius Vasquez Vatablus Vives Ludovic Vulcanius Valeria Cyprian Hugo Des. Victore Angl. Ximenes
corrupted been much revived restored and vindicated from Gothick Barbarity nay and those yet lasting after Charles the Great had put a stop to that prodigious and universal Inundation since it is little more than a Century that Building and other Arts began to emerge in good earnest and to hold up their dejected Heads as may be seen by what the Popes have done at Rome where these learned Ruines are chiefly extant the Dukes of Tuscany at Florence and at Ferrara Parma and other Princes of Italy Philip the Second in Spain in France Francis the First whom they called the Father of Arts in that Kingdom and lately yet in our own Country where some part of Somerset-house in the Strand remains the almost only poor Attempt that I know of not omitting the Earl of Salisbury's House at Hatfield the noble Seat of the most noble Lord Viscount of Weymouth at Long-leet and very few others which can pretend to any thing of tolerable for the Banquetting-House at Whitehal is of much later date and the manner now in general Use first introduced by the Encouragement of that great Lover and Patron of good Arts the Illustrious Thomas late Earl of Arundel and Surrey who tho neglecting his own Palace incited others to build with Stone and Brick after the present Gusto and which Inego Iones since pursued in that stately Pile at Whitehal now mentioned the Church and Piazza in Covent Garden after the Model of that in Ligorne c. But which is at this day exalted namely Architecture to a much greater I might say even to the highest Pitch of Perfection by my most worthy Friend Sir Christopher Wren Superintendent and Director of His Majesty's Buildings who will leave more noble Monuments of his vast and comprehensive Knowledge in that and other useful Arts than has any one Architect here these thousand Years Moreover what is learned from Reverses since the Incursions of the Goths Turks and other barbarous People who chang'd and confounded the antient Names of things and places other singular Aids to good History Chronology and antient Geography to name no more the Learned Scaliger in his Eusebius when we find him to have recourse to Medals for the clearing many difficulties gratefully acknowledges and since the often cited Mons. Vaillant in his Syrian History and the Works of Lucas Holstenius late Library-Keeper at the Vatican and other learned Persons give luculent proof of To these add the Iesuit Hardouin in his Notes on Pliny with several more who from the Reverses of Medals alone have recover'd and illustrated the true Names of divers Regions Islands Rivers Mountains Ways Limits and Boundaries and how by degrees they extended their Conquests Colonies Cities Metropolis their Founders Privileges and Immunities the Value of Moneys and Weights the Annual Fasti Acta Caesarum Aera's Epocha's c. of such exceeding use in computation of Time and Years when several famous and memorable Things happen'd and were perform'd others that had been quite forgotten Writers having sometimes abolish'd the very memory of some Tyrants and other unfortunate Princes who are commonly but of short Reigns Medals alone have preserv'd the Names of and other Circumstances of great use in History witness the famous Medal of Estimius King of London whence our learned * Burt. Iâ—â— Ant. p. 159. Antiquaries have asserted her Metropolitan Title against all the Critics and Cavillers tho she was no Roman Colony Hence we may thus deduce many Claims and Titles in cases of Usurpation c. For instance that signal one wherein is found that from Charlemaine Louis le Debonair down to Lotharius c. those Princes had their Monies Coin'd at Rome and other Medals attesting and vindicating their Claim and Title to that City as appears in that learned Dissertation publish'd by Mons. le Blane and subjoin'd to his History of the Moneys and Coins of France In which he proves that the Bishops of Rome were never lawful Sovereigns of any part of Italy much less of that Capital City but of old always Subjects Govern'd Elected and as occasion required Deposed by the Emperors together with an Account by what subdolous Arts they got footing in the large and vast Possessions they now enjoy and usurp the present Power But to return to Epocha's wherein the Greeks were the most accurate and particular we shall best reckon from Roman Medals by the Consulate or Tribunes tho in that also there is difficulty by not knowing the precise years of their respective Offices when the Medal was struck whereas the Greek gives the very year of the Princes Reign Moreover Colonies discover their Epocha's in Medal as in that under Philip An. VIII under Decius An. XI c. which 't is said some have so improv'd as to be able to tell us the very Age of the Emperor by the Medal of which more when we come to Inscriptions In the mean while as to Colonies we find them bear the Names of the Founders or of such as either fortified or settled them v. g. those call'd Iuliae were founded by Iulius Caesar as was that at Berytus Municipium Augusta Bilbilis by Augustus and the like these by single Persons But when more were express'd as sometimes two Names together immediately and without distinction or any word between and not else one is then to reckon the first to be the Founder and the second the Restorer Thus in the Medal where we read Colonia Iulia Augusta Detrosa there Iulius settl'd and planted the Colony and Augustus Recruited it But when Augustus is set before Iulius there Augustus Repair'd only what Iulius Founded as Monsieur Vaillant nicely criticises By the way observe that we meet with no Heads in any Italian Colonies that honor it seems being allow'd to those Cities only which were Priviledg'd to stamp Money which Immunity is mark'd upon the Medal whether granted by the Senate alone or together with the People or solely by the Emperor When by the first the mark is S. C. tho the Medal be Greek If by the People 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 E. Upon Antioch of Pisidia S. R. of the same import So Colonies when Priviledg'd by the favour of the Emperor it is Permissu Caesaris or Augusti the Indulgence always express'd c. As to the now mention'd Antioch of Pisidia 't is observ'd to be the only City among sixteen of the same name which affected to bear the Legend in Latin We moreover learn of him that such Colonies as were sent out by the Consuls before Caesars Usurpation bare the Name of Roman For example that of Sinope in Asia which struck a Medal in recognition of the young Gordian C. R. I. F. S. Colonia Romana Iulia Felix Sinope An. CCCVIII the Epoche noting the year that Lentulus made it a free City and Colony after he had vanquish'd Mithridates and which Iulius Caesar considerably enlarg'd Nor did Cities and Colonies only do honor to the Emperors and Benefactors in Medals and Reverses
Of like Argument are those admirable Paintings of Holbein in his Majesty's Privy-Chamber at White-Hall representing the Persons of the Two famous Henries and their Wives together with those other Pieces by the same hand Historizing that Expedition to Bullogn The Iust and Triumph at the Congress with Francis the First The Juncture with Maximilian the Emperor Militating and receiving Pay under the Banner of St. George The Battles of Spurrs though of an Inferior Pencil those of Cressey Poictiers Floddonfield The famous Cavalcade of Queen Elizabeth when she went to the Camp at Tilbere and that of the late Charles the Second through London at his Restauration than which there was nothing more August and Solemn since the Triumphs of the Caesars c. with sundry more whereof our Annals of former and latter times are full And ah what an Illustrious Table would the Conflict of Agincourt fought by our Henry the Fifth against the whole Power of France in the Reign of the Sixth Charles as already depicted and described in that noble Poem of Michael Drayton produce painted by the hand of a Rubens or Verrto as is the Apotheosis of King Iames the First in the Banqueting-House at White-Hall and Inauguration of the Black-Prince in St. Georg's at Windsor the magnificent Cavalcade of the Four Inns of Court Anno 1633. described in S. B. Whitlocks Memoirs His Majesty 's Charles II. Entrance at his Restauration 1660 and the Anabasis at Tor-bay I say how would these Out-shine the Stories of the drunken Lapithae Sancho Panca or the Golden Ass c. Things Ridiculous and Impossible and that serve to no brave Thoughts But to return to such as deserv'd that of Medals for Exploits at Sea I reckon not only those who found out New Worlds Planted Colonies and Enlarg'd the British Empire But even those Brave though Unsuccessful Attempts to discover the Nor-West and other hitherto impermeable Passages I know not whether there were any Medals of the Earl of Essex's Expedition to Cales and the Heroes who accompanied him and what though Sir Walter Raleigh miscarried at Guiana he was a Person of extraordinary Merit for his Learning and Experience and who is he that deplores not his being so unhappily cut off and our since want of such as Raleigh was to gratifie the * Conde Gondamur Crafty and Malicious I have seen nothing of our taking Ormus in the Gulph of Persia nor of those famous Navigators Victorious Conflicts and Discoveries of our Owen Gwinedd and his Son Madoc of Macha of Sebastian Cabot born at Bristol whom we may therefore Challenge ours nor of the brave Iohn Oxenham for I have already mention'd Sir Fr. Drake Hawkins c. But here come in again the Valiant Sir Richard Greenvill Sir Iohn Summers Sir Thomas Button Bennet Cherry Carfeil Edge Sir Henry Middleton Sir Hugh Willoughby the Heroical George Earl of Cumberland our Gilbert Chanceler Thorn North Ellis Iones Ponnet Poole Iacson Iackman c. who were our Nearchus's Theseus's Iasons and Ulysses's that did and * Graiorum Romanorumque Gloriae quires olim suas Navales per acies asseruerunt non dubio tunc Anglorum fortuna virtus respondit Gro. Annal. l. 1. perform'd far greater Things and Actions in Truth and Reality than all those put together were ever fain'd to have done We have not mention'd the late Action at Bergen let it be forgotten not so the Bravery and Success of our daring young Capt. Harman before Cadiz in the sight of innumerable Spectators yet alive Have we any Medals of Blake Lawson Dean Sprag Mings Munden Allen Kempthorn Wetwang Tyddiman Young Curtis Haines Haward and others and of what was Acted on that angry Element I say nothing of our Buccaneers Morgan and the rest because the most daring Exploits and Events famous only for Spoil Robberies Cruelty and Injustice ought to blot the Memory of their very Names were it possible but when the Cause is Just and Laudable Brave and Heroick Facts merit all Encomiums And here may some perhaps perstringe me for Celebrating the several Bloody Conflicts during the late War and difference with our Neighbours of Holland c. I enter not into those Politicks leaving them to such as were supposed to be the Judges of Right and Wrong whilst yet the Actions of those Great Captains and Sea-man in National Wars not tainted that ever I heard with barbarous Cruelties are highly worth our Remembrance And such in the first Rank was his then Royal Highness the Duke of York the Illustrious Prince Rupert George Duke of Albemarle the Noble Earls of Sandwich Marlbrough Portland Muskerey Sir Thomas Smith Ayscogh Holmes and other stout Commanders who signaliz'd themselves Their Names are yet fresh and both their Actions and Effigies due to Medal for what they did and suffer'd Nor do I believe there were braver Men in all that numerous List of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iliad 2. States-General of those Provinces mentioned and celebrated by Old Homer and now on Record above two thousand Years Nor are we wanting of such as Honor'd their Countries as well by Land as Sea The Black Prince and his Glorious Father Humphrey Duke of Glocester Richard Plantagenet Thomas of Woodstock Iohn of Gaunt Charles Brandon the Noble Talbots terrible to the French Sir Iohn Hawkwood whom the Italians have honor'd with a Statue of Brass the Illustrious Veres Sidneys Cecil Norris Sir Charles Carlisle Erpingham Clifford Earl of Cumberland the Ogles Basset Burrows Cotton Paulets Chester Gilbert Pellham Udal Knolls Broughton Valvasor Baskerfield Harbert Gerrard Tyrell Sutton Bingham Wilford Ashley Audley c. these and more abroad the famous Wallworth our Lindsey Montross Capel Lucas L'isle Birons Langdale Hopton Granvil Stawel Cavendish Smith and such as unspotted Loyalty ingag'd at Home too many to ennumerate without Envy and Regret Others to be deplor'd for being the Occasions which depriv'd these Kingdoms of so many Generous and Magnanimous Spirits whose flagrant Courage Performance and Behaviour in the Field abstracted from the Cause pretend to Records of Medal But Cedent Arma togae For how should one rejoyce to find in more lasting Matter than painted Cloth the true Effigies of such as were Famous for both Such as were our Sidney Raleigh Henry Howard Earl of Surrey the Cardinals Poole Allan the Chancellor Cromwell Burleigh Cecil Buckhurst Leicester Sir Fran. Walsingham Sir Thomas Smith Carie Challoner Isam Wotton Randolph c. with several others who served their Princes and their Country with their Prudence and Counsel to the Envy and Reproach of the following times Our late Discoveries of New Worlds and Conflicts at Sea the Sanglant Battels that have been fought at Land the Fortitude and Sufferings of an Excellent Prince the Restauration of his Successor the Conflagration and Re-edifying of the Greatest City in the World in less than Twenty Years which had been near Two Thousand in Building nor then half so vast c. call aloud
Persons are remarkable for the Oculorum mobilis petulantia as Petronius calls it From this also we may solve the Quakers expectingâ—Face awaiting the pretended Spirit and the melancholy Face of Sectaries the studious Countenance of Persons of great application of Mind revengeful and bloody Men like Executioners in the Act and tho' silence in a sort may a while pass for Wisdom yet sooner or later Sir Martin peeps thro' the Disguise to undo all Not that what has been said is always without exception great and virtuous Souls absconded now and then under unpromising externals like to that of Claranus in Seneca but speaking for the most part and as commonly it falls out Thus far the Learned Doctor And thus have we at last gon thro' the Causes and Principles of the Physiognomical Divination as they concern the Face and external Countenance our Artists peculiar Province deducible not only from Effigies in Taille-Douce and Prints but from antient Medals also as Samuel Fuchsius has in particular exemplified in his Metoposcopie from that of Pertinax Maximinus and others without expatiating upon Colours and Complexions as they call them the Tone of the Flesh and other particulars whether tender hard coarse fair or swarthy and so of the Hair as to its being gentle harsh thick or thin not so perfectly discernable whilst yet the long and prolixer Beard was ever a mark of Gravity and Wisdom in Men but a Woman with an hairy Chin was saluted as a Monster by a Peal of Stones at her Of the thin and whey-colour'd Beard 't was usually said Poco barba è men colore Sotto'l cielo non è peggiore Dares says Achilles's Hair was curl'd and ever a sign of Courage so was Pompey's but the leviter inflexa was that of Augustus Depressed and flat to the Fore-head a mark of Cruel c. but those manly Distinctions being now no more the Mode chang'd universally into the Peruke our Physiognomist goes no farther tho' it must I think be acknowledged that the natural Covering was not given to be used altogether as an Excrement but ordained for a natural decent and becoming Discrimination let us hear St. Ambrose elegantly Caesaries reverenda est in Senibus veneranda in Sacerdotibus terribilis in Bellatoribus decora in Adolescentibus compta in Mulieribus dulcis in Pueris Hair says the Holy Bishop is reverend in old Men venerable in Priests terrible in Soldiers becoming in young Men elegant in Women sweet and lovely in Children But of these Accessaries only in Medals and Picture in Prints tho' a Physiognomist can take little notice so as to make any certain Judgment for want of Colour they may yet from other likensses make almost the same Conjectures as from the Life it self as 't is reported of that Artist who from a Picture only drawn by the great Apelles predicted by what Accident the Original should perish And I have been told of the famous Architect and Statuary the late Chevalier Bernini who cut that rare Bust of Charles the First at Rome in white Marble from a Picture painted by Van Dyke yet extant and to be seen in one of His Majesty's Apartments that he foretold something of funest and unhappy which the Countenance of that Excellent Prince fore-boded We have said nothing of the Voice the Object of another Sense whether shrill loud hoarse broken small harmonious and agreeable c. by which much might be discover'd as appears by that of Socrates who tho' so skilful in Metoposcopie bid the Boy whom they brought him to speak Eloquere ut te videam s that he might see what was in the Youth This I know was meant of the Wit and towardliness of the Boy But what if the Voice alone assist the discovery of that too and yet even without the Voice Et fronte vultu etiam in ipso oris silentio natura sequitur as Adamantius For tho' Picture be not vocal the Eyes and Countenance often supply the Tongue and speak the very Passions and interior of the Soul to which add that of Porta Est enim similitudo Pictus sermo Pictura loquens quae quovis sermone quibusve notis valentior And now we mention Picture since the Posture or Stroak of one single Line does often discover the Regnant Passion De Frenay so elegantly published by Mr. Dryden forgets not to recommend the Art of Physiognomy to the study of Painters One thing more whilst we are discoursing of Heads and Faces who can but take notice of that Wise and Wonderful Providence which has ordain'd such variety of Looks and Countenances among Men whilst the other Parts and Members of our Bodies are in comparison so little different much less the Heads and Faces as I may also call them of other Creatures of the same Species since were it otherwise and that Men had been made all like one another the whole Government and Politie of the World must long since have run into Confusion and sad Disorder For who could have distinguish'd the True-man from the Thief There would be promiscuous Amours and innocent Adulteries as well as injurious For the Wife could not know her Husband so like Alcumena in Amphitryo the Son would mistake his Father Gen. XXVii 22. the Father his Son the Friend his Friend and there would be no more Justice no more Commerce no more Living in the World For Evil Men would deny their Crimes and Good Men be often punished for the Faults of the wicked For tho' in a Flock of Ten Thousand Sheep 't is said an Ewe will know her Lamb Plautus in Menechm Parents would many times mistake their own Children as it is often seen among Twins where Brothers and Sisters have so resembled one the other as to have been corrected for Faults they did not commit but which neither their Voice nor any other natural Mark could discriminate Nay I read of some who were Strangers to one another as the two Slaves of Mark Antony tho' born in several Countries vastly distant Plin. Nat. Hist. Lib. VII Cap 2. Arist. Hist. Nat. Lib. XVII Cap. 6. the one in Egypt the other in Asia Persons exceedingly resembling were Henry the Fourth of France and the Miller of Languedoc Malatesta Duke of Bavaria and Marchesinus a Mimic nor without admiration have I sometimes considered a poor Hedger and Day-Labourer of mine so extreamly like the renowned Emperor Charles the Fifth as no Flesh could be more if the best Pictures of that Mighty Prince be truly represented by the best Painter that perhaps has ever been the Famous Titian Erythraeus says the Poet Stephanius was like Virgil Antoninus Pius resembling Numa Pompilius and the Great Chancellor of France Mic. Hospitalis in Countenance like Aristotle But as these happen rarely so a Physiognomist's Judgment is not at all ingaged to pronounce of their Fortune or Advancement referring various Events to the bold Astrologer or rather indeed to the Providence of God alone and as