THE Present STATE OF THE UNIVERSE Or an ACCOUNT of I. The Rise Births Names Matches Children and near Allies of all the present Chief Princes of the World II. Their Coats of Arms Motto's Devises Liveries Religions and Languages III. The Names of their Chief Towns with some Computation of the Houses and Inhabitants Their Chief Seats of Pleasure and other Remarkable things in their Dominions IV. Their Revenues To which Are added some other Curious Remarks as also an Account of Common-Wealths relating to the foregoing Heads Parvula sic totum pervisit pupula Mundum LONDON Printed and are to be Sold by Randall Taylor near Stationers-Hall 1694. Presented to R. Hooke by his Worthy Friend the Author July 4. 1694. To the HONOURABLE CHARLES COTTINGTON Esquire SIR HIstory being much the Study of a Gentleman I have presum'd a Dedication of these few Praeludia relating to it to your self Not but your own Reading Conversation and Travels may have already furnished you with far more and more accurate Particulars in this kind than my poor Essays may afford but what I have written is chiefly intended for your hopeful Offspring to whom I conceived a brief Idea of the World in this kind relating to those chief Potentates under whose Dominion God at present has put it might be of use for initiating their Understandings till being come to more mature years their own Studies and Observations in Travels may inure them to well digested Thoughts concerning the various Governments of the World whereby they may be rendered serviceable to the Nation in which they live It 's well known how Eminent for Parts and Services to this Nation the late Lord Cottington your Uncle was whose Family a few years since being reduced in the Male-Line only to your self you see Providence by vouchsafing you three flourishing Branches of Male-Issue has given you good Hopes and a fair Prospect of a long Continuance of it And as the many Favours I have received from you have highly engaged me to wish Prosperity to it so whenever any thing shall be suggested to my Understanding whereby I may be a Mean to promote it it shall most readily be put in Execution by Sir Your most Obliged Kinsman and most Humble Servant John Beaumont Jun. THE Present STATE OF THE UNIVERSE c. The House of Austria THE Illustrious House of Austria having the largest extent of Dominions among the European Princes I have thought fit to begin with that This House owes its Original to the Earls of Habsburg whom a late Writer derives from the Counts of Mount Aventine of the ancient Perleonian Family which was formerly of the greatest Repute and Authority of any in Rome and had its seat on Mount Aventine Albertus Dives Anicius Perleonius a person Descended of the said Family was driven out of Rome An. 1144. by the Arnaldistick Hereticks together with his Brother Rudolph in defence of the Roman See Whereupon he travelled into Switzerland and there married the Daughter of Wernerus last Earl of Habsburg of the Anician Perleonian Race This Albertus Dives Anicius was Great Grandfather to Rudolph the fourth Earl of Habsburg the first German Emperour of the Anician Perleonian Family This Rudolph the first was the Common Father of the Austrian Family born May 1. 1218. He was elected Emperour An. 1273. by the unanimous consent of the Princes of the Empire and crowned the same year at Aix la Chapelle and at a Diet held at Ausburg An. 1282. he had Austria settled on his eldest Son Albert who was first Duke of Austria and Schwaben on Rudolph his youngest Son Philip the first descended from Albert was born An. 1478. and An. 1496. he married the Princess Johanna eldest Daughter and Heiress to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand of Spain in whose right he immediately became possest of the Kingdoms of Castile and Arragon He had for his Sons Charles the fifth and Ferdinand the first betwixt which two Princes there was a division made of the Provinces when the House of Austria became likewise divided into the Spanish and German Lines The Spanish Line I. THE Author of the Spanish Line was Charles the fifth born at Ghent in Flanders An. 1500. At fourteen years of Age he had the Government of the Netherlands given him At sixteen he was Crowned King of Spain At nineteen elected Emperour and Crowned the year following at Aix la Chappelle He annexed the Duchy of Milain to his House for ever He concluded a Peace with the Protestants at Passaw An. 1552 and three years after he Abdicated his Government leaving the Empire to his Brother Ferdinand and the Kingdom of Spain with the Low Countries and its other dependencies to his Son Philip Great Grandfather to the present King of Spain Charles the Second who was born Nov. 6. 1661 and on the 21. of December following was Christened Carolus-Joachimus-Josephus-Antonius-Leonardus He succeeded in the Kingdom at the death of his Father Philip the Fourth who died Sept. 17. 1665. and in the year 1675 being entred on the fifteenth year of his Age he took on him the Government of his Estates whereas during his minority the supream Government was under the Regency of the Queen his Mother named Mary-Anne Daughter of the Emperour Ferdinand the Fourth and is now Dowager of Spain She was born Oct 12. 1631. and married to Philip the Fourth King of Spain Nov. 7. 1649. This King Aug. 31. An. 1679. espoused the Princess Mary-Louise of Orleans eldest Daughter to Philip Duke of Orleans by the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to our late King Charles the First The Prince of Conde espoused her in the Chappel of the House of Fontainebleau in the name of the King of Spain and the Marriage was Consummated Nov. 19. of the said year 1679 near Burgos in Old Castile She was born March 7. 1662. And this Queen dying without Issue An. 1689. he the same year married Maria-Anna Daughter of Philip-William Duke of Newburg and Elector Palatine the present Queen born Oct. 28. 1667. II. For Arms he bears Quarterly the first Quarter Counter-Quartered in the first and fourth Gules a Castle triple towered Or each with three Battlements bordered Azure Purfled Sable for Castile In the second and third Argent a Lion Gules Crowned Langued and armed Or for Leon. In the second great Quarter Or four great Pallets Gules for Aragon Party Or four Pallets also Gules betwixt two Flanches Argent charg'd with as many Eagles Sable membred becked and crowned Azure for Arragon and Sicily These two great Quarters grafted in Base Argent a Pomegranate Verte stalked and leav'd of the same open and seeded Gules for Granada On the whole Argent five Escutcheons Azure placed crosswise each charg'd with five Besants Argent placed in Saltier for Portugal The Shield bordered Gules with seven Towers Or three in Chief two in Fesse and two toward the Base for Algarve In the third great Quarter Gules a Fesse Argent for Austria Coupé and supported
other Five hundred thousand from the Coronet Lands The Imperial or Hans Towns I. THE Free or Hans Towns are to the number of about sixty They are called Imperial because they owe homage to the Emperour They are called Hans Towns haply because the Assembly which is held among them for deliberating together in the old German Language is called Hansa Their Body has two Voices at the Diets II. They have for Arms an Eagle III. The Capital Hans Towns are Lubec Collein Brunswick and Dantzick The Archives of all the Confederate Towns are at Lubec which is the Capital of all the Hans League and has the right of assembling all the others with the advice of the five next neighbouring Towns of the Association There is not a City in the northern parts of Germany which can equalise this for the beauty and uniformity of the Houses which are all built of Brick the pleasant Gardens fair Streets delightful Walks without the Walls c. The whole is in Compass about six Miles The Empire contains above Three hundred Principalities and Lordships It s divided into Ten Circles Austria Bavaria Suabia Alsatia or the Upper Rhine the Electorate or the Lower Rhine Westphalia Upper Saxony Lower Saxony Franconia and Burgundy Alsatia and Burgundy are now in the French Possession These Circles Compose the General Diets of the Empire where all affairs are determined The first body is that of the Electors The second is that of the other Princes be they Seculars or Ecclesiastical The third is that of the Free Franc or Imperial Towns Among the many Sovereign Princes of Germany who are Feudatory to the Empire the principal are the eight Electors who have power to choose by their Suffrages the Emperours of Germany and their younger Sons take place in Germany of the other Princes Three of these Electors are Church-men viz. The Arch-Bishops of Mentz Triers and Collin Five are Layicks viz. The King of Bohemia the Duke of Bavaria the Duke of Saxony the Marquess of Brandenburg the Count Palatine of the Rhine The Elector of Mentz I. ANselmus-Franciscus-Fredericus of Ingelheim Arch-Bishop of Mentz Prince and Elector of the Empire great Chancellour of Germany and Legate of course to the See of Rome was elected Nov. 17. 1679. being then forty five years of Age. Before his Election he was Arch-Priest of Mentz and Governour of Erfort He is the seventy first Arch-Bishop of Mentz forty Bishops having preceded them II. The Arms of his Electorship are a Wheel Or in a Field Gules and over it an Electoral Cap. The Wheel is born in Remembrance of the first Elector of this Church who being the Son of a Car-man kept always through humility a Wheel in his Chamber to mind him of his Extraction His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. Mentz seated on the River Maenus or the Maine and Aschaffenburg are the ordinary places of his Residence and he has thirteen Suffragans Gustavus Adolphus after he took Mentz had there with him at one time six chief Princes of the Empire twelve Ambassadors of Kings States Electors and Princes besides Dukes and Lords and the Martial men of his own Army In this City Maud Daughter of our King Henry the First was married to the Emperour Henry the Fourth and Crowned Empress Here also the Art of Printing was invented or perfected at least and made fit for use An. 745. Boniface an Arch Bishop of Mentz believing that there were no Antipodes accus'd of Heresie before Pope Zacchary whose Legate he was Vigilius Bishop of Saltsburgh because he had publickly taught and writ the contrary and he caus'd Vigilius to be condemned alledging that S. Austin S. John Chrysostom and others of the Fathers of the Church never believed it Zacchary writ on this occasion two Letters to Boniface which are inserted in the General sum of the Councels IV. This Arch-Bishoprick brings ordinarily to its Arch-Bishop 6 or 700000 Crowns of annual Rent Treves or Triers I. John-Hugo de Dorsbec Arch-Bishop of Treves and Bishop of Spire Prince and Elector of the Empire Governour of Prumb and Provost of Weifenberg was chosen Arch-Bishop and Elector An. _____ he Stiles himself Great Chancellour of the Gaules and of the Kingdom of Arles belonging to the Empire and is the 101 Prelate of Treves II. He bears for Arms His Livery is of a _____ colour he professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. He resides at Wilich tho Treves be his principal City and is seated in an Air so cloudy and subject to Rains that it s called Cloaca Planetarum This City is said to be the most ancient of Europe and built one hundred and fifty years before Rome IV. It s said that the Revenue of this Arch-Bishoprick may amount yearly to 11 or 1200000 Livres Cologne I. PRince Clement of Bavaria Arch Bishop and Elector of Cologne Bishop of Ratisbone and Freising Prince and Elector of the Empire Great Chancellour for the Empire throughout Italy and Legate by his place to the See of Rome was born Dec. 5. An. 1671. and Elected Arch-Bishop and Elector July 14. 1688 being the 81. Prelate of this See II. His Arms are those of the House of Bavaria which I shall set down beneath The Arms of the Archbishoprick are a Cross Sable in a Field Argent His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. Bona on the Rhine is the ordinary place of his Residence Cologne being about five Miles in Compass is a considerable Town and the Germans say Qui non vidit Coloniam non vidit Germaniam Its Arms are three Crowns Or with this Motto Colonia fidelis Romanae Ecclesiae filia When the Arch-Bishop comes there he cannot stay above three days together without leave of the Burgomasters this being a Confederate Town and the number of the persons which he brings with him is limited This Town is one of the largest in Germany and the whole Town is so full of Convents Churches Churchmen and Reliques that it s not undeservedly stiled the Rome of Germany The Arch-Bishops Palace at Bona is said to be one of the fairest in all Germany IV. The Revenues of this Arch-Bishoprick are about 6 or 700000 Crowns per annum Bavaria HEnricus Leo Duke of Bavaria and Saxony being proscribed and outed of his Territories by the Emperour Frederick Barbarossa Otho Earl of Wittelsbach and Schyre was created Duke of Bavaria by the said Emperour An. 1180. and had both the Bavarias as well Upper as Lower granted him for ever Otho the Second Grand-Son to the former married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress to Henry the Younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperour Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. I. From him is Descended Maximilianus-Maria-Emanuel-Cajetanus-Ludovicus-Franciscus-Ignatius-Antonina-Faelix-Nicolaus-Pius the
present Elector after the Decease of Charles Elector Palatine which happened ann 1685 became possessed of the Electorate by virtue of the Instrument of Peace at Osnabrug but since was thrown out by the French King anno 1688 and tho he had recovered many places in it ann 1689 by the assistance of the Confederates yet he continued at Neuburg Of the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg from which the new made Elector of Hanover is descended THE Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg for its great Antiquity seems to bear the Bell in a manner from all the rest It owes its original to the ancient Welffs of whom see in Spencer's Sylloge Genealogica Henry the Lion descended from these Duke of Bavaria and Saxony and Successor to his Father ann 1139 may be properly looked upon as the common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg tho falling into disgrace with the Emperor Barbarossa he was proscribed and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg he married Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and had by her three Sons and two Daughters Otho their youngest Son born ann 1204 the other Brothers dying without Issue-male was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second From him the present Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg are descended for Ernestus the Seventh Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg who died anno 1546 left among other Children two Sons Augustus and William of whom the first was Author of the new Line of Brunswick Wolfembuttel whose Sons Rudolphus Augustus and Antonius Ulricus now live together in joint Authority and the other viz. William being Author of the Line of Brunswick-Lunenburg-Hanover whose Grandson Ernestus-Augustus Bishop of Osenburg is now Duke of Brunswick Lunenburg-Hanover He was born Novemb 10. 1629 and ann 1658 he married the Lady Sophia Daughter to Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia born Oct. 13. 1630. This Duke is lately made a new Elector of the Empire There Children are I. Georgius-Ludovicus Prince Hereditary born May 28. 1660 and on Nov. 21. 1682 he married his Cousin German Sophia Dorothea only Daughter of his late Uncle George-William Duke of Zell she was born Sept. 15. 1666. He has Issue by her 1. Georgius-Augustus born Oct. 30. 1683. 2. Gulielmus-Ernestus born 1685. 2. Fredericus-Augustus born Octob. 3. 1661 who died in Hungary 1689. 3. Maximilianus-Gulielmus born Dec. 14. 1666. He died in the Morea 4. Sophia Charlotta born Octob. 20. 1668 and married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Oct. 6. 1684 by whom she has one Prince alive named Fredericus Gulielmus born Aug. 4. 1688. 5. Carolus-Philippus born Oct. 13. or 23. 1669. he died in Hungary ann 1690. 6. Christianus born Sept. 29. 1671. 7 Ernestus Augustus born Sept. 17. 1674. There are other Princes in Germany of the Houses of Hesse Meckleburg Wirtenburg Baden Anhalt Saxon-Lawenburg c but I give an account only of the Electoral Houses omitting the rest FRANCE 1. HUGH the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris died in the year 956. His eldest Son Hugh Capet upon the Death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemagne was by the unanimous consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom ann 987 from whom is descended Lewis the Fourteenth the present King of that Kingdom born at St. Germains Sept. 5. new style 1638. Of the several Branches of the Line of Hugh Capet he is descended in a direct Line from Robert Count of Clermont and Lord of Bourbon youngest Son of Lewis the Ninth who died of the Plague at the Siege of Tunis ann 1270. The Surname of Bourbon is derived to the present French King from the said Robert King Henry the Fourth his Grandfather being the first King of France of the said Surname who having first professed himself of the Roman Religion whereas before he had been a Protestant was crown'd King of France ann 1594. The present King succeeded his Father ann 1642 or 3 and Sept. 7. 1651. he was declared Major for by a Sanction put forth by King Charles the Fifth surnamed the Wise who came to the Crown of France ann 1364 the eldest Sons of France were for the future to be declared of Age at fourteen years old and fit to be crown'd and govern he was crown'd at Rheims by the Archbishop of that See Jun. 7. 1654 and Jun. 9. 1660 he was married at St. John de Luz to Maria-Teresa Daughter to Philip the Fourth King of Spain by his first Wife the Princess Elizabeth Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France She died July 30. 1683 by whom the King has only one Son now living namely Lewis the Fifteenth surnam'd the Hardy the present Dolphin born Nov. 1. 1661 and March 7. 1680 was married to the Electoral Princess of Bavaria Maria-Anna Victoria-Christina Daughter to Ferdinandus-Maria the late Elector of Bavaria The Contract was signed at Munic Dec. 30. 1679. She since died ann 1690. The Dolphin has Issue by her three Sons viz. 1. Lewis Duke of Burgundy born at Versailles Aug. 6. at twenty minutes past ten of the Clock in the Evening ann 1682. 2. Philip Duke of Anjou born Nov. 9. 1683. 3. Gaston Duke of Berry born Aug. 31. 1686. Concerning the Dolphin note that he is so called because Humbert the Second Earl of Dolphiné descended of the Blood Royal of France seeing himself destitute of Issue made over the Province of Dolphiné an 1358 to Philip de Valois the then King of France for forty thousand Florins and on condition that for the future the eldest Son of France should still be styl'd The Dolphin And Charles the Fifth above-mentioned surnamed The Wise who came to the Crown of France ann 1364 was the First who in his Father's Life-time was styled The Dolphin Now besides the Dolphin the present King of France has several natural Children viz. 1. Maria Anna de Bourbon born ann 1666 and married anno 1680 to Lewis de Bourbon Prince de Conti. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke of Vermandois born ann 1667 supreme Intendant of the Marine He died ann 1683. These two were born him by Aolisia-Frances de la Beaume la Blanche de la Valiere Duchess of Vaujour and Peeress of France Daughter to Lawrence de la Valiere She is now a Carmelite Nun by the name of Sister Aloisia de Misericordiâ 3. Ludovicus-Augustus de Bourbon Duke of Maine born ann 1670 and made legitimate three years after viz. 1673. 4. Ludovicus-Caesar de Bourbon Count of Vexin born ann 1672. He died 1683. 5. Aloisia-Frances de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Nantes born An. 1673. and married An. 1685. to Lewis Duke of Bourbon 6. Aloisia-Maria-Anna deceased An. 1681. 7. Ludovicus Alexander de Bourbon Count of Toulouse born An. 1678. Legitimated An. 1681 Intendant of the Marine 8. Frances-Maria de Bourbon Mademoiselle
de Blois born An. 1681. These six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Roche Chovart Gabriel Prince de Mortemars Daughter and Wife to Henry-Lewis Paidallan Marquess of Montespan The French King has only one Brother viz. Philip Duke of Orleans born Sept. 1. An. 1640. He espoused for his first Wife the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to our late King Charles the First She was born at Exeter Jun. 16. 1644 and died An. 1670. He had by her four Children viz. 1. Maria-Aloisia born March 27. 1662. and married Nov. 17. 1679. to Charles the Second King of Spain She died without Issue by him An. 1689. 2. Philip who died an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 4. Anna-Maria born Aug. 27. 1669. and Apr. 9. 1684. married to Victor Amadeus the Second the present Duke of Savoy The next year after the forementioned Duchess of Orleans died An. 1671. The Duke married Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter to Charles-Lewis Elector Palatine who was born in May 1652. The Espousals were celebrated at Metz Nov. 26. of the said year he has Issue by her 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1671. 2. Elizabetha-Charlotta Mademoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. The Princes of the Blood BEing to name the Princes of the Blood I shall shew withal how they are descended and allied to the King of France Robert the Fifth Count of Clermont and Lord of Bourbon youngest Son to King Lewis the Ninth as mentioned before was the person in whom the Line of Hugh Capet is continued in the Crown of France Charles Duke of Vendôme lineally descended from him was born An. 1489. And left among other Children two Sons viz. Anthony the eldest who was Duke of Vendôme and King of Navarr Great Grandfather to the present King of France 2. Lewis Prince of Conde Great Grandfather to the present Prince of Conde Henry-Julius de Bourbon born Jul. 29. 1643. formerly stiled Duke D'Enghien and now since his Fathers death Prince of Conde He was married Dec. 11. 1667. to the Princess Anne Daughter to Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who was born July 23. 1647. and is since deceased but he has by her the following Issue 1. Maria-Teresa Mademoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke D'Enghien born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia-Frances Natural Daughter to the King of France by Madam de Montespan who was born 1673. 3. Maria-Anna Mademoiselle de Monmorency born 1675. 4. Anna-Maria Victoria Mademoiselle D'Enghien born 1676. 5. Aloisia-Benedicta Mademoiselle de Conde born 1678. The Prince of Conde had also a Brother viz. Armand Prince de Conti born 1629. married to Anna-Maria de Monmorency Cardinal Mazarines Neice by the Sister 1659. Deceased 1666 leaving behind him two Sons viz. 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. and in 1680 he married Anna-Maria de Bourbon the Kings Natural Daughter by Madam de la Valiere who was made Legitimate He died without Issue An. 1685. 2. Francis-Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1664 or 8. Besides these Princes of the Blood the King has also three Cousin Germans living Daughters to his Uncle Gaston-John-Baptist late Duke of Orleans 1. Anna-Maria Duchess of Montpensier born An. 1627. unmarried 2. Margarita-Aloisia born An. 1645. and married An. 1661. to Cosmus the Third Great Duke of Tuscany 3. Isabella born An. 1649 and married An. 1667. to Joseph-Lewis Duke of Guise She is now a Widow Note That tho this King of France be but the twenty sixth King inclusively of the Line of Hugh Capet yet he is the sixty first King of France for there preeceded twenty one Kings of the Race of Merovius and thirteen Kings of the Race of Charlemagne before the Line of Hugh Capet came in II. For Arms he bears Azure three Flower de Luces Or two in Chief and one in Base the Escutcheon is environed with the Collars of the Orders of S. Michael and the Holy Ghost It has for Crest an Helmet Or entirely open thereon a Crown Clos'd after the manner of an Imperial Crown with eight Inarched Rayes topt with a double Flower de Luce. The Supporters are two Angels habited as Levites the whole under a Pavilion Royal semè of France lin'd Ermines with these words Ex omnibus floribus elegi mihi Lilium Lilia neque laborant neque nent These words The Lilies do not Spin as a late French Writer tells us import that the Flower de Luces which represent the Crown of France never fall to the Distaff and that the Female Sex cannot inherit according to the Salique Law The same Custom having prevailed among the Chaldeans Egyptians Persians Chineses Turks Tartars and Parthians tho the Daughters have sometimes succeeded in England Spain Sicily Sueden c. The King of France pretending likewise a right to Navarre bears also for that Kingdom Gules a Carbuncle noued Or which having a resemblance to Chains of Gold is Blazon'd by some Chains of Gold Interlac'd parted into Orbes Pales Fesses Counterbands or Saltiers The King of France's Device is Consiliis Armisque Potens or also this Nec pluribus Impar Note That the Arms of France in the days of Pharamond and his three Successors were Gules three Crowns Or. Clovis the Great altered them to Azure semè of Flower de Luces Or and Charles the Sixth who came to the Crown An. 1380 reduc'd the Lilies in his Coat of Arms to three The Kings Livery is of a blew colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the French Language III. Paris is the Capital City of France which has the pleasant River Seine running thro the midst of it I shall speak concerning the extent and number of the Houses and Inhabitants of this and other Cities when I come to speak of London wherefore I shall pass by these things at present As for his chief Seats of pleasure the chief is that noble Seat at Versailles four Leagues South of Paris of which there being a full and clear description extant in English as also of the Seat of Monsieur at S. Clou and of the Treasury of S. Denis I shall say nothing here of them He has also the noble Seats of Fontainbleau and S. Germains beside the Louvre at Paris celebrated by that famous Distich Non Orbis Gentem non Urbem Gens habet ullam Urbsve domum Dominum nec habet ulla parem 4. The Revenues of the King of France are said to amount to eleven millions of Pounds Sterling being above the fifth part of the Revenues of that Kingdom and the French averr France to contain fifty thousand Parishes The House of England I. WIlliam Duke of Normandy surnamed the Conqueror under the pretence that King Edward the Confessor his Cousin who died without Issue An. 1065. Son of King Ethelred by his Queen Emma had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England An. 1067. and having slain King Harold in Battle the then
29. 1671. 3. Ernestus-Augustus born Sept. 17. 1674. 4. Sophia-Charlotta born Octob. 20. 1668. and married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Octob. 16. 1684. by whom he has had two Princes but only one living viz. Frederick-William born Aug. 4. 1688. The other Princes and Princesses that are Roman Catholicks I. ANna Maria the present Duchess of Savoy Daughter to the Duke of Orleans by Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter of Charles I. born Aug. 27. 1669. Her Children 1. Maria-Adelheid or Adetherd born Dec. 6. 1685. 2. Another Princess born Aug. 30. 1688. II. ELizabeth-Charlotta the present Duchess of Orleans Daughter to Charles-Lewis Elector Palatine Her Children 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1631. 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Mademoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. III. ANN the present Princess of Conde Daughter to Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine and Grandchild to the King of Bohemia born July 23. 1647. Her Children 1. Maria-Teresa de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke D'Enghien born 1668. 3. Maria Anna de Monmorency born 1675. 4. Anna Maria-Victoria D'Enghien born 1676. 5. Aloisia Benedicta de Conde born 1678. IV. TWO Daughters of Benedicta-Henrietta-Philippina Duchess of Hanover Daughter to Edward Count Palatine and Grandchild to the King of Bohemia 1. Charlotta-Felicitas born March 8. 1671. 2. Welhelmina-Amalia born Apr. 26. 1673 The Princes of the House of Nassau are to be found in the Genealogies of the Princes of the Empire II. The Sovereign Ensigns Armorial of the King of England are as follows In the first place he bears Azure three Flower de Luces Or for the Regal Arms of France quartered with the Imperial Ensigns of England which are Gules three Lions Passant Guardant in Pale Or. In the second place within a double Tressure Counter-flowred-de-Lys Or a Lion Rampant Gules for the Regal Arms of Scotland In the third place Azure an Irish Harp Or stringed Argent for the Royal Ensigns of Ireland In the fourth place as in the first all within the Garter the chief Ensign of that most honourable Order on which is written this Motto Honi soit qui mal y pense Above the same an Helmet answering to his Majesties Sovereign Jurisdiction upon the same a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold doubled Ermine adorn'd with an Imperial Crown and Surmounted for a Crest by a Lion Passant Guardant Crown'd with the Like supported by a Lion Guardant Or Crown'd as the former and an Unicorn Argent Gorg'd with a Crown thereto a Chain affixt passing betwixt his forelegs and reflexed over his Back Or both standing on a Compartment plac'd underneath and in the Table of the Compartment is his Majesties Royal Motto Dieu mon Droit King William as Earl of Nassau bears Quarterly 1. Azure a Lion Or armed Gules 2. Or a Lion Leopard Gules armed and crown'd Azure 3. Gules a Fesse Argent 4. Gules two Leopards Or armed and membred as the first As Prince of Orange he bears Quarterly 1. Gules a Bend Or. 2. An Hunters Horn Azure stringed Gules The third as c. over all an Escutcheon of Pretence Checquy Or and Azure More briefly thus quarterly Chalons and Aurange under an Escutcheon of Geneva His Motto is Je maintiendray His Majesties Livery is a Red Colour before his coming to the Crown it was blew He Professes the Protestant Religion according to the Church of England and uses now the English Language Note that as Charles the Fifth who came to the Crown of France An. 1364. was the first who in his Fathers life time was stiled the Dolphin So Edward the Second Son of Edward the First King of England was the first Prince of Wales so created An. 1300 to gratifie the Welchmen his Father Edward the First having slain in Battel Leoline the last of the Welsh Princes and united Wales to the Crown of England And perhaps it was in imitation of this that the Donor of Dolphine would have the eldest Son of France stiled the Dolphin The Title of Prince of Wales in the eldest Son of England having preceeded the other for many years The particular Cognizance of a Prince of Wales is a Plumb of Feathers with this Motto Ich-Dien that is I serve III. London seated on the famous navigable River Thames is the Capital City of England and the undoubted most famous Emporium and for ought appears the greatest and most considerable City of the Universe For as to Pequin in China the only City to be brought in competition which by some is imagined to be greater we have no account of it fit to reason upon The late ingenious Sir William Petty having critically examined the capaciousness and populosity of London and its other advantages and compared them with the other chief Cities of Europe according to what accounts could be gotten of them has accurately made out the following particulars viz. that there are contained in London 696000 Inhabitants and 105315 Houses Paris 488000 and 23223 Houses Amsterdam 187000 Venice 134000 Rome 125000 Dublin 69000 and 6400 Houses Bristol 48000 and 5307 Houses Rouen 66000 and about a third bigger than Bristol Lyons 100000 Â Tholouse 90000 Â From the foregoing particulars he makes the following Observations 1. That the people of Paris Rome and Rouen make but 679000 or 19000 less than the 696000 of London alone 2. That the people of the two English Emporiums viz. London and Bristol make 744000 or more than Paris Amsterdam and Rouen these being in all but 741000. 3. That the same two English Cities seem equivalent to Paris Rouen Lyons Thoulose these making in all but 744000. 4. That the King of Englands three Cities viz. London Dublin and Bristol containing 813000 people exceed Paris Amsterdam and Venice containg 809000 people 5. That of the four great Emporiums London Amsterdam Venice and Rouen London alone is near double to the other three viz. above 7 to 4. for the other three make but 387000 London 696000. Sir William Petty farther makes out that the people of London are as many as those of Holland in their twenty eight walled Cities and Towns and in their Dorps and Villages or at least above two thirds of the same He compares London with Paris in several particulars in all which he shews London to exceed the other viz. 1. In the goodness of the Hospitals 2. In the cleanly and more convenient way of living 3. In the richness of the People the number of the Servants and greatness of Equipage 4. In the preference of the River Thames to the River Seine both in pleasantness and navigableness the wholesomness of its water and the Bridge of London being the most considerable of all Europe 5. In the shipping and Foreign Trade London therein incomparably exceeding both Paris and Rouen the City of Bristol appearing by good estimate of its Trade and Customs as considerable as Rouen 6. In the richness of the Lawyers Chambers those of Londen being worth 140000 l. Sterling
by Ancient Burgundy which is bendy of six pieces Or and Azure bordered Gules In the fourth great Quarter Azure semé of Flower de Luces Or with a border Compone Argent and Gules for Modern Burgundy Coupe Or. supported Sable a Lion Or for Brabant These two great Quarters charged with an Escutcheon Or and a Lion Sable arm'd and langued Gules for Flanders Party Or an Eagle Sable for Anvers the Capital City of the Holy Empire For Crest a Crown trefoiled Or rais'd with eight Diadems or Semicircles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Spain The Collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece encompasses the Shield and on the sides of it stand the two Pillars of Hercules viz. on each side one with this Motto Plus ultra The foresaid Order was refus'd by Lewis the Eleventh King of France as having been founded by a Duke who was Vassal to the Crown of France viz. Philip surnamed the Good Duke of Burgundy who Instituted it at Bruges An. 1429. It may be worth notice that the Arms of Castile and Leon are the first which have been born Quartered The Ordinary Device of some Kings of Spain has been this Omnes Contra nos nos Contra Omnes The Title of the Most Catholick King was given by Pope Alexander the Sixth to Ferdinand the Fifth and his Successors for having rooted out of Spain the Moors and Sarracens You may also note that the eldest Sons of the Kings of Spain are called Princes of the Asturias as those of the German Emperors Arch Dukes of Austria Those of the Kings of England Princes of Wales Those of the Kings of Portugal Princes of Algarves Those of the Dukes of Savoy Princes of Piemont c. The King of Spain's Livery is of a Yellow colour His Majesty Professes the Roman Religion and uses the Spanish Language III. Madrid situate in New Castile having been the place of Residence of the Kings of Spain since the time of Philip the Second is become from a Village to be the most populous Town of all Spain The Houses are built of Brick and the greatest part four Stories high all having Iron Balcones All the upper Rooms in the Town belong to the King who is allowed for them There are in it several Publick Edifices very beautiful among others the famous Square for the Bull Feast This Town is about the bigness of Bristol and is kept very nastily the filth and excrements lying in the Streets tho on this account excusable because the Inhabitants who drink Well Water there are fearful to sink necessary Conveniencies left the Waters should be tainted thereby About seven Miles North from Madrid is seated the Escurial or Monastery of S. Lawrence built by King Philip the Second It s a Structure so splendid magnificent and sumptuous that some think no Building in times past or at present comparable to it The front towards the West is adorned with three stately Gates the middlemost whereof leads into a most magnificent Temple and a Monastery in which are one hundred and fifty Monks of the Order of S. Hierom and a College That on the right Hand opens into divers Offices belonging to the Monastery That on the left into Schools and Out-houses belonging to the College At the four Corners there are four Turrets of excellent Workmanship and for hight Majestical Towards the North is the Kings Palace On the South parts divers beautiful and sumptuous Galleries and on the East part sundry Walks and Gardens very pleasing and delightful It contains in all thirty seven Court and Cloisters Eleven thousand Windows Eight hundred Pillars and is indeed a most noble Structure There are in it Seven Communities seven Priors and a Grand Prior. The Revenue is above Thirty thousand Crowns per annum and there is a Library in it containing above Eighteen thousand Books and among them a great many Arabick Manuscripts Toledo is the Capital City of New Castile being situate near the midst of Spain on the River Tagus It s about Four Miles in compass and is well fortified and beautified with a good number of stately Edifices and by reason of its situation in the midst of Spain it s well inhabited both by Nobility Merchants and Scholars beside such Soldiers and their Officers who are continually garrison'd in it It s also honored with the See of an Archbishop who is the Metropolitan of Spain and President for the most part of the Inquisition having a Revenue of Three hundred thousand Crowns per annum and Seventeen other Towns under his Jurisdiction both in Spirituals and Temporals Granada is the Capital City of the Kingdom call'd by that name whose whole Circuit is said to be Seven Miles it having contain'd in the time of the Moors Two hundred thousand Souls and where the Houses of the best sort are for the most part built of Free stone with delicate and artificial Masonry shewing their Magnificence Sevil the Capital City of Andalusia in the Kingdom of Corduba is look'd upon by some to be the fairest City of all Spain It is in compass six Miles divided into two parts by the River Baetis on which its seated but joined together by a strong and beautiful Bridge the whole environed with beautiful Walls and adorned with many magnificent and stately Buildings as Palaces Churches and Monasteries It has a flourishing University adorned with a goodly Library furnished by Diego the Son of Christopher Columbus the first Founder of it with Twelve thousand Volumes in several Languages gathered together with extraordinary Care and Charge and endowed with a fair Revenue for the Maintenance and Enlargement of it It s also a Town particularly famous for Traffick here being the publick Emporeum of Spain for Wines Oils and Commodities brought from the Indies and other Foreign Parts So much concerning the Towns of greatest Note in Spain The King of Spain has likewise in Italy the City of Milain being the fairest and biggest City of all Lombardy containing Seven Miles in compass and Two hundred thousand People It s seated betwixt the Rivers Ticinus and Addua which run hard by it to the great Conveniency of the Inhabitants both for having things brought to them at cheap Rates and for vending and dispersing their Manufactures which are of great esteem in most parts of the World It flourishes in all Riches and in the Beauty of its Edifices both publick and private but three especially commended for their Magnificence the Castle the Hospital and the Cathedral It s fortified with Walls Ramparts and deep Trenches and the Castle in it is so strong that it s judg'd impregnable The Trade is so great that private Shops there equal publick Store-houses of other Places and the People are so rich that the Wife of every Mechanick goes in her Silks and Taffaties The King of Spain has also in Italy the City of Naples which is the Capital of that Kingdom and contains Seven Miles in compass It 's honoured
as Hostages for their Fathers Loyalty They ordered also that all such as repaired to Cusco the Imperial City should be attired according to their own Country Fashion so to prevent those Leagues and Associations which otherwise without any Notice or Observation might be made amongst them and many such politick Institutions were by them devis'd As for the Names of the Ingas of Peru Mango-Capac descended of the chief of the first seven Families was the first who laid the Foundation of this puissant Monarchy The Fourteenth Inga of this Race was Atabaliba who was vanquished and taken Prisoner by Francisco Pizarro the Spanish Commander at Caxamalca in the Country of Lima where tho he gave him for a Ransom of his Life and Liberty an House piled up on all sides with Gold and Silver valued as some say at ten Millions of Crowns yet they slew him at last in whose place Pizarro substituted his second Brother called Mango-Capac the Second who was the Fifteenth Inga and who after many Vicissicudes of Fortune was at last slain in the City of Cusco and so the Kingdom of the Ingas began and ended in a Prince of the same Name as it has happened to many Estates Armorial Ensigns for the Distinction of Persons being a thing of common notion among Mankind have been found in some sort from all Antiquity in all Nations more or less and the Gentilitial Arms of the Ingas of Peru on their first Discovery were found to be a Field Argent charged with a Rainbow proper betwixt two Snakes extended also proper As to the Forces and Revenues of these Ingas doubtless they were exceeding great for tho as Heylin says we find no particular Musters which they made of their Men nor what great Armies they drew with them into the Field yet by their great Successes and many Victories we may conclude them to have been Masters of great Bands of Men and skilful in the Arts of Conduct nor can we otherwise conjecture at the Greatness of their yearly Revenues but by the Greatness of their Treasure so infinite and almost incredible that all the Vessels of the King's House his Table and Kitchen were of Gold and Silver Statues of Giants in the Wardrobe together with the Resemblance in proportion and bigness of all the Beasts Birds Trees Plants and Fishes which were found in that Kingdom of the purest Gold Ropes Budgets Troughs Chests all of Gold or Silver Billets of Gold piled up together as if they had been Billets of Wood cut out for the Fire three Houses full of Pieces of Silver all which besides infinite of other Treasures fell into the Hands of a few poor Spaniards In the Northern Division of America called Mexicana the King of Spain has Mexico the chief City of all America It was formerly situate in Lakes and Islands and built on Piles like Venice every where interlaced with the pleasant Currents of fresh and Salt Waters and carrying a Face of more Civil Government than any of America tho nothing if compared with Europe But the Town being destroyed by Cortez it s now built on firm Land on the Edge of the Salt Lake and bordering on a large and spacious Plain It s in compass six Miles and contains six thousand Houses of the Spaniards and sixty thousand of Indians The Inhabitants are so very rich that generally the Merchants Tradesmen and Artificers go in greater State and more splendid Equipage than any People elswhere of the like condition The Inhabitants of that Country were governed by the Chief of their Tribes till the year 1322 that Acamapitzli was elected the first King who with his Successors encroach'd upon their Neighbours till the year 1502 when Montezuma the Second came to be their tenth King who who in the Eighteenth Year of his Reign was subdued by Cortez and the City was taken sacked and burnt by the Spaniards assisted by many Confederates of that Country August 13. 1521 it being in the time of the Emperor Charles the Fifth The Kings of Mexico are said to have worn a Crown resembling that which is now used by the Dukes of Venice And the Name of the first Mexican King being Acamapitzli which in the Mexican Tongue signifies an handful of Reeds as Acosta writes they carried in their publick Ensigns in memory of that great Prince An Hand grasping many Arrows of Reeds and the peculiar Arms of Mexico are a Field Argent charged with an Eagle Proper holding in his Right Foot a Bird the other standing on a Cochinele Tree proper growing out of a Stone The Revenues of the Kings of Mexico are thought to have been almost infinite raised out of all Commodities and paid in kind whether natural or artificial only the King participating of the Fruits of all Mens Labours and sharing with them in their Wealth some paying in Cups full of Powder of Gold of two handfuls apiece some Diamonds and Beads of Gold Plates of Gold of three quarters of a yard long and four Fingers broad Turquois Stones Golden Targets rich Feathers Pictures c. not to mention things of inferior Value all which in such a wealthy and large Estate must needs afford him a Revenue equal to the greatest Monarchs IV. The Revenues of the King of Spain which ordinarily arise out of his Estates are computed to be nine millions of Crowns yearly viz. four from his Dominions in Italy three from the West-Indies and two from his Kingdoms of Spain He receives besides yearly the Revenues of all the Masterships of the great Orders of his Kingdom which amount to an hundred and fifty thousand pounds of yearly Rents beside the opportunity of preferring Servants of the greatest merit Moreover the Free Gifts and Contributions of his Subjects and his Usualties and extraordinary ways of raising Monies supply him with vast Sums and nevertheless this King is not counted to be rich in Treasure his Expences being very great in keeping Forts and Garrisons in many parts of his Estates and in maintaining Frontier Places and an Armada for conducting his Plate-Fleet c. It s observable that the Kingdom of Spain according to the least Computation is said to be five hundred miles in compass more than France and nevertheless France is esteem'd to contain near double the number of Inhabitants which has been occasion'd by the Extirpation of the Jews and Moors and by sending out yearly so many of their Subjects to Foreign Plantations c. they acting herein contrary to the Romans who finding nothing more necessary for great and important Enterprizes than multitudes of Men employed all their Studies to increase their Numbers by Marriages Colonies and such helps making their conquered Enemies free Denisons of their Commonwealth by which means the number of the Roman Citizens became so great that Rome could not be ruined by any Forces but its own The German Line of the House of Austria I. AS Charles the Fifth eldest Son to Philip the First was Author of the Spanish Line
half way up three hundred thirty eight Steps in a Chamber or Room of it there is a Clock whose Case being made of Wood was in part burnt down by Lightning and therefore there is Water alwaies kept in this place to extinguish the Fire if any should again happen and a Man continually Watches in the place where the Bells hang. No place abounds more with Musicians than Vienna because the Emperour delights in it Composing well himself They are there of opinion that the number and vallue of the Books in the Emperours Library yield to none but rather excel any other Library in Europe There can scarce be a more admirable Collection than the Manuscripts in part of the first Chamber of Hebrew Syriack Arabick Turcick Armenian Aethiopick and Chinese Books The choicest Books in the famous Library of Buda belonging to King Matthias Corvinus Son to Hunniades are now in it and the Emperour has a right to have two Coppies of all Books printed in Germany Prague situate on the River Muldaw is the Metropolis of Bohemia and haply the greatest Town of the Empire it consisting of three Towns named the Old the New and the Lesser each having their several Customs Laws and Magistrates This City is rather large than fair the Streets being in Winter very dirty and of ill smell in Summer the Buildings for the most part of Clay and Timber clapt together without Art and as little beauty It s thought that there are more Jews in it than in any other Town of Europe some counting near Ten thousand Presburg while the Turk had Buda was the chief City of the Kingdom of Hungary and the Imperial Crown was there kept Buda is nobly seated on the Banks of the greatest River of Europe where it runs in one entire Stream the City rising up by degrees to the top of Hills affording from most Streets of the Town a prospect of twenty Miles or more on the other side of the Danube as far as a Mans Eye can reach which with the view of Peste and the long Bridge of Boats and the beautiful fruitful Country about it makes it extreamly delightful and was the Royal Seat of the Hungarian Kings and Queens till Solyman the Magnificent entred it Aug. 3. 1541. The natural Baths of Buda are esteemed the noblest of Europe both for their large and hot Springs and for the magnificence of their Buildings The Turks bathe much and tho little curious in most of their private Houses yet are they very sumptuous in their publick Buildings as their Chars or Caravansaras Mosches Bridges and Baths declare In Buda there are eight Baths that called of the green Pillars tho now they are red is impregnated with a petrifying Juice which discerns itself on the sides of the Bath upon the Spouts and other places and makes a grey Stone The exhalation of the Bath reverberated by the Cupula by the Irons extended from one Column to another and by the Capitals of the Pillars forms long Stones like Icicles which hang to all those places One Bath there has a white Water of a sulphureous smell and if mony be rubbed betwixt the Fingers half a minute while the hot Water falls from a Spout it gilds it The hottest Bath there has neither colour smell nor tast differing from common Water and deposes no sediment only the sides of the Bath are green and have a fungous substance all over Hamburg is the chief City of Holsatia Munster of Westphalia Erford of the Landgraviate of Thuningia Ausburg of Suabia Francfort on the Oder of the New Marca of Brandenburg Visburg of Franconia Brunswick of the Duchy of the Lower Saxony Inspure of those that belong to the Count of Tirolis Bremen of its Duchy IV. The Revenues of the Empire are esteemed by Bolerus Seven millions of Crowns yearly tho the Tribute paid by the Free or Imperial Cities being in number about sixty amount only to 1500 l. per ann The Princes also and Free Cities are bound to aid the Emperour in the time of War against the Turk with Three thousand five hundred eighty five Horse and Sixteen thousand Foot which he may Challenge without troubling the Diets for it but all this is but a small addition to his own Estates The Duke of Lorain being nearly Allied to and having his dependance on the Emperour I think it proper for me to speak of him here 1. A late Writer says Antiquity gives us not the least reason to doubt but the Family of Lorain had the same Original with those of Austria Wirtenburg and Baden for Gerhard of the Ancient Landgraves of Alsatia the Old Family of Lorain descended from Charlemayne being extinct was Created Duke of Lorain by the Emperour Henry the Third An. 1048. from whom this Duke is descended The late famous Duke of Lorain Carolus Leopoldus-Nicolaus-Sextus was born in April An. 1643. and having been married to the Queen Dowager of Poland as it s said before he has left behind him the following Children born at Inspure in the Principality of Tyrolis 1. Leopoldus-Josephus-Carolus-Agapetus-Hyacynthus the present Duke born Sept. 11. An. 1679. 2. Josephus-Joannes-Antonius-Ignatius-Felicissimus born Nov. 24. 1680. 3. Ferdinandus-Josephus-Philippus-Romanus-Laurentius born Aug. 17. 1683. 4. Josephus-Innocentius-Emanuel-Felicianus-Constantinus born Oct. 20. 1. 85. 5. Franciscus-Antonius-Josephus-Maria-Ambrosius-Nicolaus born Dec. 8. 1689. New Stile Charles the Fourth Duke of Lorain the present Dukes Great Uncle was deprived of his Estates for some years by the present French King and was reinvested in them March 3. An. 1661 after that he had demolished the Fortifications of Nancy and as a French Writer says this Restauration was on Condition that the Duke should quit all Leagues Intelligences Associations and Practises with any Prince whatsoever which having not performed he was disposest again and since as the same Writer tells us Duke Charles quitted to the Most Christian King the Property and Sovereignty of his Duchies of Lorain and Bar which are united to the Crown of France for ever 2. The Dukal and Sovereign House of Lorain contains many Escutcheons over all Or a Bend Gules charged with three Alerions Argent These Princes bear also in their Arms the Cross of Hierusalem the last Duke possest of this Duchy to shew he was an Absolute Prince and that he held his Estates by no other Tenure but God and the Sword gave for his Devise an armed Hand issuing as it were from Heaven and grasping a Sword with this Motto Fecit Potentiam in brachio suo The Dukes Livery is of a yellow colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language 3. The Capital City lately belonging to the Dukes of Lorain was Nancy not great but of a pleasant and commodious situation well watered by the River Meurte 4. The Revenues of the last Duke possest of his Estates are said to have been Seven hundred thousand Crowns yearly whereof Two hundred thousand arose from the Customs of Salt made in the Country and the
1680. Since the Decease of this Electress in the following year viz. 1684. Oct. 6. he married the Princess Sophia-Charlotta Daughter to Ernestus-Augustus the present Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick and Hanover She was born Oct. 20. 1668 the Duke has had by her two Sons but only one living viz. Frederick-William born at two of the clock in the Afternoon Aug. 4. 1688. This Elector has four Brothers and two Sisters living but his Father's Issue by a second Ventre viz. 1. Philip-William born in May 1669. 2. Maria Amalia born Nov. 16. 1670 and first married ann 1687 to Charles eldest Son and Heir apparent to the present Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow and after his Decease which happened March 15. 1688 to Maurice-William Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg June 26. 1689. 3. Albert-Frederick born Jan. 14. 1672. 4. Charles-Philip born Dec. 26. 1672. 5. Elizabeth-Sophia born March 26. 1674. 6. Charles or Christian-Lewis born at four of the clock in the Afternoon May 14. or 17. 1677. Note that there are fourteen Princes of the House of Brandenburg alive II. The Duke bears divers Quarterings containing several Alliances and Principalities over all Azure a Scepter in Pale Or which belongs to the Electorship a triple Helm and a triple Crest he has moreover in his Arms a Lion an Eagle crown'd and a Griffin the Shield is componé and contonué His Livery is of a blue Colour He professes the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Calvin and uses the High Dutch Language III. Brandenburg seated on the River Havel is the Capital City of the Marquisate to which it gives the Name His Electoral Highness resides ordinarily at Berlin Spandaw Posdam Berlin is the greatest Town of the Marquisate being seated on the River Suevus it s as big as Montpellier or Beziers in France Magdeburg belonging to this Elector was formerly the Metropolitan City of Germany but scarce half built again since it was sack'd by Tilly and 36000 persons put to the Sword and destroyed IV. His ordinary and extraordinary Revenues are computed to be eleven or twelve and some say fourteen millions of Livers His Territories and Forces are the greatest in Germany next the Emperors and his Court is Royal and the second fairest This Prince may go on his own Land from the Low Countries so far as into Poland and Curland The Elector Palatine THE Palatine and Bavarian Families are known to have had one Rise viz. from Otho Earl of Wittlesbach and Schyre as it s said before in Bavaria who was created Duke of Bavaria by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa ann 1180 and had both the Bavarias as well Upper as Lower granted him for ever His Grandson Otho the Second as 't is said before married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress to Henry the younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity ann 1227. his eldest Son was Lewis the Severe born Apr. 13. 1229 who left two Sons viz. Rudolph an 1274 who succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line of the Palatinate Family 2. Lewis who was Author of the Bavarian Line of the said Family From the forementioned Rudolph is descended Joannes-Gulielmus-Josephus the present Elector Palatine and Duke of Newburg grand Treasurer of the Imperial House who was born at Dusseldorp Apr. 19. 1650 and married at Newstadt in Austria Octob. 25 new style 1678 the Princess Maria-Anna-Josepha Daughter to the Emperor Ferdinand the Fourth by Eleanor Gonzaga Daughter of Charles Duke of Mantua his third Wife This Electress was born ann 1658. She was brought to bed of a Son but stillborn ann 1683 and ann 1686 she miscarried a second time and continuing indisposed died three years after at Vienna viz. Apr. 7. 1689. The Elector succeeded his Father ann 1690 and his first Wife being dead he married a Daughter of Cosmo the Third great Duke of Tuscany ann 1691. This Elector has six Brothers and six Sisters living born in this order 1. Eleonora-Magdalena-Teresa Empress of Germany born Jan. 6. 1655. 2. Ludovicus-Antonius Greast Master of the Teutonick Order born at Dusseldorp July 9. 1660. 3. Carolus-Philippus born Nov. 4. 1661 and married at Berlin July 24. 168 to Louise Charlotta de Ratzeville Lewis Marquess of Brandenburg's Widow 4. Alexander-Sigismundus Dean of Ausburg and President of the Chapter of Constance born at Neuburg Apr. 16. 1663. 5. Franciscus Ludovicus born at Neuburg July 24. 1664 and elected Bishop of Breslaw Jan. 30. 1683. 6. Fredericus Gulielmus born at Dusseldorp July 20. 1665. 7 Maria-Sophia-Elizabetha born Aug. 16. 1666 and married ann 1687 to Peter King of Portugal 8 Maria-Anna born at Dusseldorp Oct. 28. 1667 and affianc'd to Charles the Second King of Spain Aug. 28. 1689 whose Queen she now is 9. Philippus Gulielmus-Augustus born Nov. 18. 1688. 10. Dorothea-Sophia born July 12. 1670. 11 Hedewig-Elizabetha Amalia born July 18. 1673. 12 Leopoldina Eleanora-Sophia born May 27. 1679. II. The Arms of Charles Count Palatine of the Rhine this Elector's Predecessor in the Electorate who deceased May 16. 1685 were Quartelry In the first and fourth Sable a Lion Or crown'd arm'd and langued Gules In the second and third Lozengys Argent and Azure of one and twenty pieces with a Mond Or which belongs to the Electorate The Elector's Livery is of a _____ Colour and he professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. Heidelberg is the Capital Town of the Electorate seated on the River Neccar On the Town House is a Clock with divers motions and when the Clock strikes an old Man puts off his Hat a Cock crows and shakes his Wings Soldiers fight with each other c. In a great Building there in the Elector Palatines Palace joining to the Cellars the great Vessel holding two hundred Tuns is famous Ann. 1661 as Dr. Brown has observed in the Account of his Travels about an hundred English came up the Rhine and by the permission of the Elector settled themselves a few miles from Heidelberg living all together Men Women and Children in one House and having a Community of many things they are of a peculiar Religion calling themselves Christian-Jews and one Mr. Poole formerly living in Norwich was their Head They cut not their Beards and observe many other Ceremonies and Duties which they either think themselves obliged to by some expressions in the Old Testament or from some new Exposition of their Teachers Manheim seated on the Confluence of the Rhine and Neccar is the Defence of all the Country there is in it a very fair Palace where the Elector Charles ordinarily resided IV. The Elector Charles beside his own Estates inherited five hundred thousand Livres of yearly Rent after the Death of the Palatine of Simmeren Uncle to Charles-Lewis his Father and formerly his Tutor Philip William Father to the
them have a thousand or eight hundred Families the People being dispersed in Forests and other places where they have store of Timber to build them Houses and store of Pasturage for their Cattle which is the reason they have not so many great Towns nor so well inhabited as usual in far lesser Countries IV. The Revenues are very great they arising first from Church Lands taken to the Crown Secondly from Mines Thirdly from the Tenths of all Increase as Wheat Rye Barley Fish Oxen and the like Commodities Fourthly from Customs imposed on Merchandises paid in all Haven-Towns for all Commodities imported and exported He has also Contributions and Power of imposing Tax in time of War as occasion may require The House of Portugal I. TOward the latter end of the eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of this Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of an Earldom together with his Daughter Teresa to Wife yet with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoke and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be proclaimed King of Portugal in the year 1139. His great Grandson Alphonso the Third King of Portugal had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile whence the eldest Son of Portugal is always called Prince of Algarve Of this Family the present King of Portugal is descended Indeed Philip the Second King of Spain on some pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom of Portugal by Force of Arms ann 1580 but 't was again lost by his Grandson ann 1640 for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoke elected John Duke of Braganza descended as above to be their King in whose Line the Kingdom continues What particularly contributed to the Renunciation the Portuguese made to the King of Spain ann 1640 was the permission that King gave to others beside themselves to trade to the East Indies and the Tax he imposed of the fifth peny on all their Merchandizes and other Revenues It s remarkable that the Deliberation of shaking off the Spanish Yoak was kept private above a year betwixt two hundred persons Don Pedro of the House of Braganza King of Portugal and Algarve was born 1648. His elder Brother Don Alphonso the Sixth King of Portugal c. ann 1667 married the Lady Mary-Frances Elizabeth or Isabella Daughter to Charles Amadeus of Savoy Duke of Nemours She was born June the Twenty first 1648. and after sixteen months living with Don Alphonso she obtained a Declaration of Nullity of her Marriage with him retired to a Cloister And ann 1669 Don Alphonso was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or of the Government and sent the year following to the Tercera Island where he died in the year 1683. Now the present King upon his Brother Alphonso's being deposed was presently declared Prince Regent and after his death King of Portugal and by a Dipensation from the Pope married his Sister-in-Law abovementioned The Cardinal Deacon Louis de Vendôme in quality of universal Legat à Latere gave them the Dispensation under Pope Clement the Ninth Abbot Bon-Filz the Secretary to the Legation has set forth the particulars and the Conferences he had with his Holiness at the end of the Transaction The King had by this Queen a Daughter named Mary Elizabeth who was born ann 1669 and died ann 1690. And the Queen her self dying Dec. 27. 1683. the King ann 1687 took to Wife the Lady Mary-Sophia-Elizabeth Daughter of Philip-William Elector Palatine who was born Aug. 6. 1666 and Aug. 30. 1688 was brought to Bed of a young Prince who died Sept. 3. in the same year And in Octob. 1689 she was brought to Bed of another Prince named John Prince of Bresil The King of Portugal has but one Sister living viz. Donna-Catharina the Queen Dowager of England concerning whom see in the Head of England II. He bears Argent five Escutcheons Azure placed Cross-wise each charged with as many Besants of the first placed in Saltier and pointed Sable for Portugal The Shield bordered Gules charged with seven Towers Or three in Chief and two in each Flanch The Crest is a Crown Or which is the Crest of Portugal Under the two Flanches and the Base of the Shield appear the Ends of two Crosses the first Flower de luc'd Verte which is for the Order of Avis The second Pattee Gules which is for the Order of Christ The five Escutcheons were born in memory of five Kings whom Alphonso the first King slew at the Battel of Obrique ann 1139. The Border with the Towers or Castles were added by Alphonso the Third on his Investiture into the Kingdom of Algarve by Alphonso the Tenth of Castile ann 1257 whose Daughter Beatrix he then married and so conceived himself to have some Relation to the Arms of that Kingdom This King's Livery is of a Green Colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Portuguese Language which is a Dialect of the Spanish III. Lisbon seated on the River Tagus is the Capital City of the Kingdom and the place where his Majesty keeps his Court. It s seven miles in compass and contains above thirty Parishes and above thirty thousand Houses The Portuguese have this Proverb He that has not seen Lisbon has not seen a fine thing The Buildings are neat and elegant and there are seventy six Turrets or Towers on the City Wall and twenty two Gates towards the Sea shore c. It s the Staple for the Commodities for all the Kingdom and thought to be worth more than the whole Realm besides and doubtless the Revenues which accrue to the King from hence and from his Foreign Plantations are very considerable ITALY The Papacy I. INnocent the Twelfth the present Pope was born at Naples in March ann 1615 elected Pope July 12. ann 1671 he is Son to Prince Minerbino of the Family of Pignato the chief whereof is the Duke of Terra Nova a Grandee of Spain II. Having not the particular Arms of the present Popes Family by me I can here only say that the Popes for a Crest to their Gentilitial Arms are wont to put the Arms of the Popedom which are as follow The Papal Escutcheon is Gules and consists of a long Cap or Head-piece Or surmounted with a Cross pearled and garnished with three Royal Crowns with the two Keys of S. Peter placed in Saltier Boniface the Eighth was the first that wore the Tiara with a double Crown and Urban the Fifth made it in the Form of a Cap adorned with
a triple Circle of Gold for some Mystery contained in it It s called the Regnum because it denotes the Dignity and Power of Priest and Emperor The late Pope's Devise was Innocens manibus mundo corde The Popes Livery is of a Red Colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Italian Language III. His ordinary place of Residence is the famous City of Rome seated on the River Tiber it being about eleven miles in compass tho much of the Ground is there taken up in Gardenage and the like As to the Computation of the People of Rome I have already given an account of them in the Head of England where I speak of London but for a farther satisfaction take the following exact account of them as it lately stood for ten years together given to a very ingenious English Gentleman at Rome by the Abbot Nazzari then Author of the Giornali de Litteroati and as I hear now Keeper of the Vatican In the year 1672 they numbered 121064 In 73 120945 In 74 121726 In 75 131912 In 76 128507 In 77 125701 In 78 116287 In 79 126128 In 80 121031 In 81 115722 Flavius Blondus in his Ninth Book of his Roma Triumphans has this great Expression of the ancient Roman Grandeur viz. There were at Rome in ancient times not only twenty thousand but many more of Citizens far surpassing all the Citizens of our present Towns in the Splendor Curiosity and Luxury of their Houses Furniture and all manner of Accommodations for their Families The Cupula of S. Peter's Church at Rome is the greatest of the World it being one hundred and fifty Foot Diameter That on the Cathedral of Florence is next to it in Greatness The Vatican Library also at Rome is counted the greatest and best furnished with Manuscripts of any in the World Before S. Peter's Church at Rome there is an Obelisk erected on a Basis and Pedestal twenty six Foot in height the Obelisk it self being eighty Foot high The Urn which held the Ashes of Julius Caesar was formerly raised on the point of it now it is a Cross The Obelisk consists of one entire Stone which by good Computation is said to weigh four hundred Tuns which perhaps is the greatest Weight in one Bulk raised by the Art of Man The ordinary Revenues of the Papacy arising out of Land-Rents Imposts on Commodities and Sale of Offices Boterus makes to be better than two millions of Crowns yearly but the extraordinary and spiritual to be far beyond SAVOY I. THO the Dukes of Savoy may not be improperly referred to Germany and contained in the Upper Circle of the Rhine yet because they are possessed of all Piemont in Italy as also of many places in France I think it more convenient to treat of them here Now this Family is justly to be numbered amongst those of greatest Antiquity since little that is certain can be spoke of its original by reason thereof This nevertheless is without dispute that Beraldus Marquess of Italy Earl of Savoy and Maurienne flourished in the beginning of the eleventh Century from whom is descended Victor-Amadeus-Francis the present Duke of Savoy born May 17. 1666 he succeeded his Father Jun. 12. 1675 and the Dutchess Regent his Mother deposed the Regency into his Hands ann 1680. And Apr. 9. 1684 he married Mademoiselle de Valois named Anna-Maria the second and youngest Daughter to Philip Duke of Orleans by the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to Charles the First King of England By whom he has Issue 1. Maria-Adelheid or Adelherd born Dec. 6. 1685. 2. Another Princess born Aug. 30. new Style 1688. The Princes of the Blood of Savoy I. CHarles Emanuel the fiest Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus great Grandfather to the present Duke of Savoy was born Jan. 12. 1562 who marrying Catharine Michaelis of the House of Austria Daughter to Philip the Second King of Spain left Issue by her several Children but only two survived to propagate the Family viz. Victor-Amadeus the First Grandfather to the present Duke and his younger Brother Thomas-Francis Prince of Carignan who Jan. 22. 1624 married Mary of Bourbon Daughter to Charles Count of Soissons by whom he had Issue 1. Charlotta-Christina who died young 2. Aloisia-Christina born August 1. 1627 and married to Ferdinand Maximilian Marquess of Baden ann 1653. She is now a Widow without Issue living 3. Emanuel-Philibert-Amadeus of Savoy Prince of Carignan born Aug. 6. 1628 he was both deaf and dumb and so wholly unfit for Business of State yet ann 1648 he was married to Catharine d'Este Prince Borsus's Daughter by whom he has no Issue living Thomas-Francis had four Sons more but all dead without Issue except Eugenius-Maurice of Savoy Count of Soissons who was born May the third 1635 and died Jan. 7. 1673. On Feb. 20. 1657 he married Olympia Daughter of Michael-Laurence of by Cardinal Mazarine's Sister whom he left a Widow and by her the following Issue living 1. Lewis-Thomas Count of Soissons born Dec. 15. 1657 his Princess's name is Urania de la Cropte Daughter to the Noble Baron de Beauvois whom he married December 17. 1682. 2. Philip born 1659. 3. Francis-Eugenius born 1665. 4. Maria-Joanna-Baptista born Jan. 1666. 5. Aloisia-Philiberta born Nov. 22. 1667. The Duke of Savoy's Mother the Duchess Dowager of Savoy is still living Her name is Maria-Joanna-Baptista Daughter to Charles-Amadeus Duke of Nemours II. This Duke bears Gules a Cross Argent this Coat being given to Amadeus the Great by the Knights of Rhodes ann 1315 with these Letters in lieu of a Motto F. E. R. T. that is Fortitudo Ejus Rhodum Tenuit The occasion was that Amadeus the Fifth Surnamed the Great forc'd Mahomet the Second Emperour of the Turks to raise his Siege at that time from before the City of Rhodes The said Cross is the Cross of S. John of Hierusalem whose Knights at that time were Owners of Rhodes whereas before the Arms of the House of Savoy were Or an Eagle displayed with two Heads Sable arm'd Gules supporting in Fesse an Escutcheon of Saxony that is Barwise of six pieces Sable and Or a Bend flower'd Verte a Coat belonging to the Emperous of the House of Saxony from whom the first Earls of Savoy deriv'd it They bear also the Arms of the Kingdom of Cyprus which Crown gives the Title of Royal Highness His Livery is of a Red Colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Italian Language III. Turin seated on the River Po in the Plain of Piemont is the chief City of his Principality he there usually keeping his Court his new Palace there being one of the faiest of Italy Adjoyning to it is a Park of the Dukes watered with the Duria Sture and Po six Miles in Circuit full of Woods Lakes and pleasant Fountains which make it one of the sweetest situations in Europe Chambery seated on the Banks of the River L' Arch is the principal City of
the Dukedom of Savoy where the Duke keeps his Court when he is on this side the Alps. The number of the people of the Principality of Piemont and Savoy computed together is thought to be 800000. IV. The Ordinary Revenues of this Dukedom taking in Piemont are said to be above a Million of Crowns per annum but his Extraordinary so Great that Duke Charles-Emanuel during the Wars with Henry the Fourth in a very few years drew out of Piemont only eleven Millions of Crowns beside the charge they were put to in Quartering the Soldiers TUSCANY I. COsmo de Medices a Citizen and whose Ancestors were Merchants was elected Prince by the Populace of Florence An. 1434. But Piero or Peter de Medices his Grandson having without the Senators knowledge entred into a League with the French King Charles the Eighth was ejected by the Florentines who enjoy'd their ancient Liberty till 1512. That Ferdinand the Catholick King restor'd the Medicean Family which nevertheless in the year 1529. was again expell'd by the Florentines and altho the Emperour Charles the Fifth seized on the City and made Alexander de Medices who had married his Natural Daughter Margaret their Governour yet he being slain the Populace made choice of his Kinsman Cosmo de Medices This Cosmo commonly call'd the First was declar'd King of Tuscany by Pope Paul the Fifth An. 1569. But upon the Emperor Maximilian the Second's much opposing it he laid by the Title of King and took that of Great Duke of Tuscany And this man was Great Great Grandfather to the present Cosmo the Third Great Duke of Tuscany born 1642. succeeded his Father 1670. and married by Proxy April 19. 1661 the Princess Louise-Margaret of Orleans Daughter to the late Gaston of France Duke of Orleans and of the deceased Margaret of Lorain by whom he has Issue 1. Prince Gaston born An. _____ and married An. 1688. to the Princess Violanta-Beatrix only Sister to the present Elector of Bavaria 2. The Princess _____ born _____ and married to the present Elector Palatine An. 1691. II. His Arms are Or five Roundles Gules two two and one and one in chief Azure charg'd with three Flower de Luces Or. His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Tuscan Language III. Florence is the Capital City of the whole State and the place of aboad of the Great Duke who resides there in a Palace on the Model of which Luxemburg at Paris was built This City is counted six Miles in compass and is said to have in it 90000 souls The City Piza belonging also to this Duke is five Miles in compass but has not a third part of the Inhabitants of the other His Revenues as a French Author says are conceiv'd to be a Million and an half of Ducats yearly of which 600000 Crowns are raised yearly out of the Dominion of the City of Florence 150000 more out of that of Sienna The Customs arising out of the Port of Legorn amount yearly to 130000 Ducats The Toll of the Mill-Stones only 160000. That of Salt Mines and Iron falls not short of the latter In all a Million and 20000 Ducats He has also his Stock going amongst the Bankers and Trades as much as any in the way of Merchandizing he uses also to buy up almost all the Corn which is brought into the Country out of other parts and to sell it again at his own price forbidding any to be sold till all his be vended The rest is made up by Excise upon all Commodities even unto Herbs and Sallets A late German Author says thus of him His power may be guest at by his yearly Revenues which are estimated at 1800000 shillings MANTUA I. THE Family of the Dukes of Mantua is deriv'd from one Hugo who married one of the Gonzagas a Family of a Noble Extraction in Lombardy which was the reason that his Son Gerhard who was invested in Mantua by his Cousin Adelbert An. 1009 as an immediate Feudatory of the Empire took on him the name of Gonzaga Aloisius or Lewis Gonzaga was the eleventh in descent from Gerhard and created Captain of Mantua by the Emperour Charles the Fourth An. 1329. which Title continued in the Family till John-Francis his Great Great Grandson was created the first Marquess of Mantua by the Emperour Sigismond An. 1433. whose Great Grandson Frederick the Second was created the first Duke of Mantua by the Emperour Charles the Fifth An. 1530. whose Great Great Grandson is Charles the Third present Duke of Mantua of the House of Gonzaga born _____ succeeded his Father An. 1637. and has married Isabella Clara Daughter to Leopold the Fifth Arch-Duke of Austria but has no Issue by her II. His Arms are Argent a Crosse Pattee Gules betwixt four Eagles Sable membred of the second under an Escutcheon in Fesse charg'd Quarterly with Gules a Lion Rampant Or and three Bars Sable His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Italian Language III. His chief City and place of Residence is Mantua seated on the River Sarca being very large strong and pleasant It s said to have been built by Oenus the Son of Manto the Prophetess Daughter to Tyresias and is esteem'd more ancient than Rome by 670 years The Dukes to take their pleasure on the Lakes and Rivers near this City have a Barge call'd the Bucentaure five Stories high and capable of receiving two hundred persons whence it took the name furnisht very richly both for State and Pleasure The Dukes Palace in the City of Mantua is very fair and stately but far short for the pleasures and delights thereof of his Palace at Mirmirollo five Miles from the City which tho it be of a low Roof after the manner of ancient buildings yet it s very richly furnisht and adorn'd with very beautiful Gardens fit to lodge and gratifie any Prince whatsoever IV. His Revenues amount to about 500000 Ducats yearly The House of Modena I. A Late French Author says that the ancient House of Brunswick in Germany and of Modena are of the same Stock and justifie their descent for almost 800 years A late German Genealogist derives the Pedigree of Modena thus The Dukes of Modena are descended from the Ancient Marquesses d' Este whose common Father was Hugo Lord of Padua and Marquess of Este Among the Descendants of this Lord we find one Borsus who was created Duke of Modena by the Emperour Frederick the Third and of Ferrara by Pope Paul the Second He was succeeded by his Brother Hercules the First who died An. 1505. From him is descended Franscisco d' Este the present Duke of Modena and Regio Prince of Carpi and Corregio Marquess d' Este and Rovigni c. born An. 1656. and married a Princess out of the Family of the Barbarini He has a Brother living viz. Almericus Prince of Modena Cardinal d' Este born _____ He has also a Sister living viz.
they assemble separately the Catholicks take for the place of their Congress Lucern and the Protestants Arau on the River Aur. All the Cantons are as many Republicks which are Govern'd by their Burgomasters or Avoiers their Government being Democratical The Cantons which have no Towns call their Magistrates Landanes instead of Burgomasters The Switzers have several Towns and States confederate with them viz. The Abbot and Town of S. Gal. Four Bishops viz. of Sion Basil Constance and Croired The Towns of Neuchatel Valengen Nuenberg Biel Geneva Mulhausen in Alsatia Rotwel in Suabia beyond the Danube They have also many Prefectures that is such little Parcels and Additaments as have accrued to their State and are subject to their Authority either by Gift Purchase or Chance of War The Principal Prefecture is the Town of Baden taking its name from the Baths there and is the place of meeting for the Councel of State of all the Confederates The Grizons also are Confederate with the Switzers and of those there are three Divisions I. The Grey League so call'd because the Inhabitants wear a Grey Scarf 2. The League of the House of God so call'd because it was the proper Patrimony of the Bishop and Church of Chur. 3. The League of the Ten Commonalties All these Confederates are able on occasion readily to set forth an Army of sixty thousand Men. The Republick of Geneva I. THIS Republick professes Calvinism An. 1679. Mass was said in the City of Geneva with leave at the House of Sieur Chauvigny the French Kings Resident there which had not been done since the year 1535. That Calvinism was there Establisht by a Decree of the Senate II. Geneva gives for Arms Party Or and Gules the fiâ—st has a demy Eagle display'd Sable the second a Key Argent with this devise Post Tenebras Lux. The Romanists say the words are misplac'd and that it ought to be Post Lucem tenebra III. The City of Geneva is situate on the Lake Lemanus the River Rhone passing thro the lower part of it The buildings are fair and of Freestone the Compass of the whole City being about two Miles in which there are suppos'd to be about 16 or 17000 souls Munster calls it Mirae voluptatis Urbem It s allied with the Protestant Cantons of Switzerland and in two or three hours it advertises all the Canton of Bern to come to its succour with 50 or 60000 Men who may come on the Lake a day after the Signal which consists in lighted Torches set from Tower to Tower It s Govern'd by twenty five Senators who follow the written Law Beside this Councel of twenty five they have one of sixty and another of two hundred POLAND I. POland from the year 694 that Lochus of Croatia was the first Duke has been Govern'd by Dukes Palatines Kings and Dukes again till the year 1295 that Primislaus surnam'd Posthumus Duke of Posna again assum'd the name of King which continued ever since to his Successors of the same Family till the year 1574. Henry Duke of Anjou Son to Henry the Second King of France was chosen on the death of Sigismund-Augustus who was the first Stranger to the Blood John the Third of the Illustrious Family of Sobieski is the present King of Poland c. Elected King March 20. 1674. being before Senator Grand Marshal and Generalissimo of the Armies of the Crown he made his solemn entrance at Cracow Jan. 3. 1676. and was crown'd there on the second of February following by the Bishop of that place call'd Olzaski He married before his coming to the Crown a French Lady nam'd Maria Casimire de la Grange Daughter to Henry de la Grange Knight Marquess of Arquien Lord of Beaumont Master of the Camp of a Regiment of Cavalry and Captain Colonel of the hundred Switzers of the Guard of the late Monsieur Duke of Orleans This Princess was crown'd on the same day with her Husband and has brought him many Children 1. Prince James born An. _____ and An. 1691. he married Hedewig-Elizabetha-Amalia youngest Daughter save one to Philip-William Duke of Neuburg and Elector Palatine 2. Prince Alexander born about the year 70. 3. John born An. _____ 4. Casimire born An. _____ 5. Leopold born An. _____ 6. The Princess Louise Adelaia born Oct. 3. 1677. held at the Font of Baptism by the Palatine of Russia for his late Majesty Charles the Second King of Great Britain c. This Princess was Baptised with the Water of the River Jordan whereof the King her Father just before her birth had been presented with a Pot full as also with many other rarities from Asia II. As King of Poland he bears Quarterly In the First and Fourth Gules an Eagle Argent crown'd membred and becked Or for Poland In the Second and Third Gules a Cavalier arm'd Argent holding a Sword with the Right Hand of the same and a Shied Azure in the Left charg'd with a Cross Or with double Cross-Barrs his Horse barded Azure and nail'd Or for Lithuania On the whole Azure a Buckler Or for Sobieski For a Crest a Crown rais'd with eight small Flowers and clos'd with eight Semicircles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Poland The Shield environ'd with the Orders of France The general Motto of the Kings of Poland is Habent sua sydera Reges His Livery is of a Blew Colour He professes the Roman Religion but Greeks Protestants and other Sects are there tolerated He uses the Poland Longuage wich is a Dialect of the Sclavonian III. Warsaw seated on the River Vistula is most frequented best traded and the Capital City of the Kingdom honour'd for the most part with the Kings Court the holding of all Publick business of Peace and War Cracow seated on the same River is little inferiour to the former the Buildings here being fairer than elsewhere in Poland of Freestone and four Stories high but for the most part cover'd with Shingles or Tiles of Wood. IV. The Revenues of this King are computed to be 600000 Crowns per annum drawn chiefly out of Salt-works near Cracow and from Mines of Copper Lead Tin and Silver from the fishing Trade in Prussia and the Tribute of the Jews His Daughters are provided for at the Publick Charge and for the most part the expence of his Houshold defray'd In time of War he is inabled by the Diets to lay Impositions and Taxes on the people In Poland it s an affront to call a Man Cossack as in Italy Calabrian in Germany Switzer in Spain Galician in Sueden Finlander in France Norman in England Welchman c. Russia or Moscovy I. THE first Great Duke of Moscovy who shook off the Tartarian bondage was nam'd John who Reign'd about the year 1500. Since him the Government has gone partly by Election and partly by Succession The last Elected was Michael Fredrowitz Son of Theodore the Patriarch of Mosco and Grandfather to the present Czars He was Elected An.
present Count Palatine of the Upper Palatinate Duke of Bavaria Prince and Elector of the Empire Steward to the Imperial House and first of the Secular Electors born Jun. 11. 1662. he succeeded his Father May 16. 1679. and An. 1685 he married Anna-Maria-Josepha the only Daughter of Leopold the present Emperour by his first Empress the Princess Margarida-Maria-Teresa of Austria Daughter of Philip the Fourth King of Spain The Duchess was born Jan. 18. An. 1669. and had a Son by the Duke May 1. An. 1689. but he died the same year The Duke has a Brother named Josephus-Clementius-Cajetanus-Franciscus-Antoninus-Gasper-Melchior-Balthasar-Joannes-Baptista-Nicolaus the present Elector of Cologne beforementioned He has also a Sister named Violanta-Beatrix born Jan. 23. An. 1673. and married to Gaston eldest Son and Heir to the present Duke of Tuscany An. 1688. II. His Arms are three Escutcheons joyn'd together the first Sable a Lion Crown'd Or which belongs to the Palatinate The second Fusilè in Bend Argent and Azure in twenty one pieces which belongs to Bavaria The third Gules with an Imperial Globe Or which belongs to the Electorate His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. Saltsburg was formerly the Capital City of this Country at present it is Munchen seated on the River Isar where the Elector Resides It s in a very sweet and delightful Soil among Ponds and Groves daintily interlac'd with pretty Rivulets and embellisht with many excellent Gardens that of the Elector being extraordinary Norinberg is the fairest City in the Upper Palatinate and perhaps of all Germany of figure it is Square environ'd with a tripple Wall of eight Miles in Circuit The Houses are most of Free-stone and six or seven Stories high and divers of them painted on the outside and adorn'd with gilded Balls on the top At Altorff near this Town in the Anatomy-School is the Skeleton of a Bear bigger than an Horse If the Bavarian Branch fails the Palatinate Family are to re-enter into the ancient Electorship and the other newly erected is to be abolished SAXONY ALbert the Third Elector of Saxony descended of the Family of Anhalt coming to an unexpected and accidental end being without issue ann 1422 Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landgrave of Thuringia Son to Frederick the Sttong was invested in the Electoral Dignity by the Emperor Sigismond ann 1425 from whom is descended I. Joannes-Georgius the Third the present Duke of Saxony Landgrave of Thuringia Marquess of Misnia Grand Marshal of the Empire Prince and Elector who was born June 20. 1647 and succeeded his Father Aug. 22. 1680. and in Sept. 1663 he espoused the Princess Anna Sophia eldest Sister to the present King of Denmark but the Marriage was not consummated till Octob. 9. 1666 she was born ann 1647 and he has had by her two Sons 1. Joannes-Georgius the Fourth Heir apparent born Octob. 17. ann 1668. 2. Frederick-Augustus born May 12. 1670. The Duke has no Brother nor Sister living but there are forty two Princes of the House of Saxony alive II. His Arms are quarterly In the first Upper Saxony In the second Thuringia In the third Misnia In the fourth Lower Saxony Over all the Electorate bears Barwise of six pieces Or and Sable a Bend verte His Livery is of a _____ Colour He professes the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Luther and uses the High-Dutch Language III. Dresden seated on the fides of the River Albis by which it is divided into the Old Town and the New join'd into one by a Bridge eight hundred paces in length is the ordinary place of Residence of this Elector the Country round about it being very rich and pleasant When the first Stone was laid to build the Walls of this Town there was placed in the Earth a Silver Cup gilded a Book of the Laws and another of Coins and three Glasses filled with Wine Magdeburg is the greatest Town of the Country but possess'd by the Marquess of Brandenburgh by virtue of the Treaty at Munster The first Turnament in Germany opened at Magdeburg 635 by the Emperor Henry surnamed the Fowler These Pastimes were afterwards deposed upon the emulation they caused between the Princes and Nobility or haply on consideration that many brave Men lost their Lives in these Encounters for at Darmstadt an 1403 at the twenty third Turnament which was held in Germany the Gentlemen of Franconia and those of Hesse drew so much Blood of each other that there remain'd dead on the place seventeen of the former and nine of the latter Wittenberg seated on the Elb whose chief Beauty lies in one chief Street extending the whole length of the City in former times was the Seat of the Duke-Elector till the Electoral Dignity was conferred on the House of Meissen who liking better their own Country kept their Court at Dresden but so that Wittenberg is still acknowledg'd for the Head City of the Electorate IV. This Electors ordinary and extraordinary Revenues may amount to eight millions of Livers yearly It arises out of his Silver Mines Imposts laid upon Beer the Tenths of all sorts of Increase as of Corn Wine c. Salt-Houses and the like BRANDENBURG THAT the Family of Brandenburg is descended from the Counts of Zollern in Schawben is not to be doubted but from whence these Counts drew their Extraction does not so well appear Their opinion seems to be best which gives them the same original with the Guelphi yet so as not entirely to exclude the Colonnas a Family of an Italian Extraction also In the Catalogue of these Counts we find Conrade the First who flourished about the middle of the twelfth Century and married Anne of Vokburg sole Heiress of the last Burgrave of Nurenburg whereupon he obtained of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to be himself invested in that Burgraviate From him was descended Frederick the Sixth the first Elector of Brandenburg of the Family of Zollern This Frederick was born ann 1372 and served the Emperor Sigismond in his Wars by whom in regard of his great merit he was constituted Vicar or Warden of the Marc ann 1411. Afterwards at a Diet held at Constance ann 1415. he obtained the Electoral Dignity of the said Emperor with the general consent of the other Electors together with the Marquisate of Brandenburg paying down in consideration thereof four hundred thousand Hungarian Shillings The Investiture was afterward solemnly performed in Apr. ann 1417 c. From him is descended I. Frederick III. the present Marquess of Brandenburg great Chamberlain of the Empire and Elector Duke of Prussia c. born at Nine of the Clock in the Morning July 1. anno 1657 he succeeded his Father Apr. 29. 1688 Old Style and on the 23d of August ann 1679 he married Elizabetha Henrica Sister to the present Landtgrave of Hesse she died July 27. 1683 leaving one only Daughter nam'd Louisa-Dorothea-Sophia born Sept. 19.
usurping King there after King Edwards death was by the unanimous consent of the Peerage of England Crowned King Now when King William the Conqueror's youngest Son Henry upon the death of his elder Brother William the Second who had succeeded his Father in the Kingdom came to the Crown which was An 1087. He married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm the Third King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from King Edmund Ironside half Brother to King Edward the Confessor by their common Father King Ethelred and Grandfather to the abovenamed Edgar Atheling and Margaret And the said King Henry the First had by his Wife Matilda or Maud a Son who was cast away at Sea and a Daughter named Maud also the only Legitimate Issue that survived him born An. 1104. She was married first to the Emperour Henry the Fourth who had no Issue by her and after his death to Geoffry Plantagenet Earl of Anjou by whom she had a Son nam'd Henry the Second Now King Henry the First his Son being dead seeing this Daughter his only Legitimate Issue call'd a Parliament An. 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And tho Stephen Earl of Bologne and Montagne Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was set up to the Crown by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester after the death of King Henry the First against the undoubted right of the said Empress yet at length seeing his Children dead before him he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry the Second who was Crown'd An. 1155. And from this Henry the Second in whom the Saxon Line was restored is Descended James the Second of the Royal House of the Stuarts late King of Great Britain France and Ireland c. who was born Oct. 14. 1633. His Majesty Espoused for his first Wife the Lady Ann Daughter to the late Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellor of England c. She died before he came to the Crown and brought him Issue four Sons and four Daughters but all dying young except two surviving Daughters The eldest is the Lady Mary born Apr. 30. 1662. and was married to William Henry Prince of Orange in London at S. James's Nov. 14. 1677. The said Prince being born on the 14. of the same month New Stile 1650 and restor'd to his Hereditary Dignity in the United Provinces An. 1672. concerning whom I shall say more beneath The second is the Lady Ann born Feb. 6 1664. And July 28. 1683. was Espoused to George Prince of Denmark only Brother to the present King of that Kingdom he was born An. 1653. or 1. he has had Issue by his Princess 1. William Duke of Gloucester born in July 1689. and three Children more viz. the Lady Mary the Lady Ann and another Princess who died in their Infancy His Majesty Nov. 21. 1673. took for his second Wife the Lady Mary-Eleanor-Beatrix D'Este late Queen of England still living who was born Sept. 25. 1658. being youngest Sister to Francisco D'Este the present Duke of Modena and Regio c. She was Crowned with his Majesty April 23. 1685. And his Majesty has had by her two Daughters and a Son who all died young before the year 1688. And as some say he has had a Son and a Daughter by her since still living Their Majesties reside at present at S. Germains in France and profess the Roman Religion His Majesty has Natural Issue by Madam Churchil two Sons and two Daughters all living in France The Sons go by the name of Fitz-James The eldest is Duke of Berwick the youngest is stiled Grand Prior of Ireland The eldest Daughter was married to the late Lord Waldegrave by whom he has Issue two Sons The other Daughter is unmarried Now as for William Henry of Nassaw Prince of Orange and now stiled William the Third King of Great Britain c. who married the Lady Mary eldest Daughter to King James as above They were Proclaim'd King and Queen of England France and Ireland the Executive Power in him Feb. 14. 1689. Proclaim'd King and Queen of Scotland April 11. of the same year His Majesty has as yet no Issue by his Queen Now as to the Rise of the House of Nassaw and Orange as it concerns King William I shall not seek to retrieve its Original but its certain it flourisht in the ninth Century and I shall only take notice that from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnam'd the Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Sarepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine ourselves singly to this Now John the Third who was the eighth of his Family Lineally descended from the said Otto inclusively had two Sons viz. Henry and William the Elder Henry was born An. 148â— and from him the Principality of Orange Descended to King William As for William the Elder Brother to Henry he had a Son call'd John who dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had twenty five Children of whom I shall note only four viz. John George Ernestus-Casimire and John-Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand the Third in the Diet of Ratisbone March 3. 1654. conferr'd the honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire As for a farther Genealogical account of these Families it may be had elsewhere To the Royal Family of England I must add Donna Catharina Infanta of Portugal Queen Dowager of England born at Villa Vicosa in Portugal Nov. 14. Old Stile An. 1638. and Espoused at Portsmouth by his late Majesty King Charles the Second in the month of May An. 1662. She being only Sister to Don Pedro of the House of Braganza the present King of that Kingdom She resides at present at Lisbon in Portugal Her original Jointure some settled by King Charles was 40000 l. per annum to which considerable additions have been since made Their Majesties have two Uncles living in England viz. the Earls of Clarendon and Rochester The Princes and Princesses of the Blood Royal of England that are not excluded from the Succession of the Crown by the late Act of Parliament I. PRincess Ann of Denmark afore mention'd II. The Duke of Glocester of whom also see before III. Sophia Duchess of Hanover Daughter to Frederick the Fifth Elector and King of Bohemia Married to the Duke An. 1658. Her Children 1. George-Lewis born May 28. 1660. Who Nov. 1. 1682. Married Sophia-Dorothea only Daughter to the Duke of Zel by whom he has 1. George-Augustus born Oct. 30. 1683. 2. William-Ernestus born An. 1685. 2. Christian born Sept.
7. In the wholesomness of the Air. 8. In the cheapness and less stowage of Fuel 9. In the cheapness of all the most necessary sorts of Food and the greater variety and plenty of all sorts of Drinks 10. In the Churches nothing at Paris being so great as S. Pauls has been and is like to be nor so beautiful as King Henry the Seventh's Chapel As to the ground upon which Paris stands in respect of London he says Paris is said to be an Oval of three English Miles long and 2½ broad the Area whereof contains but 5½ square Miles Now tho London measured from Lime house to the end of Tuttlestreet from East to West is above seven Miles and an half and from the farthest end of Blackmanstreet in Southwark to the end of S. Leonard Shoreditch is 2500 Geometrical paces or two Miles and an half yet he says upon a Medium London is seven Miles long and 1¼ broad which makes an Area of near nine square Miles which proportion of 5½ to nine differs little from that of 13 to 23. It s worthy of Observation that before the Restauration of Monarchy in England An. 1660. the people of Paris were more than those of London and Dublin put together whereas now the people of London are more than those of Paris Rome and Rouen The foremention'd Author also makes out by a rational computation that Rome in Nero's time seems not to have been above half as big again as London now is and that now London is near six times as great as the present Rome wherein are 119000 souls besides Jews which he computes at 6000. I know not whether Edinburg the Metropolis of Scotland may deserve noting It s extended from East to West on a rising ground a Mile in length or somewhat more and it s about three Miles in compass The Houses are generally six or seven Stories high and it s greatly peopled according to its bigness several Families living in each House His Majesties chief Seats of pleasure in England are Windsor Castle and Hampton-Court IV. The Revenues settled on the late King Charles the Second by Parliament on his Restauration were 120000 l. per annum which since has been considerably augmented so that his present Majesty has near two millions per annum And we know that in case of a War or the like as at present the Kings of England with a concurrence of their Parliaments are able to raise sums great enough to deal with any Prince or Potentate whatsoever HOLLAND KIng William being Great Stat Holder for Amsterdam I have thought fit to subjoin an account of Holland here I. The Seven Provinces which united themselves at Utrech An. 1579. are generally known by the name of Holland tho Zealand was the first Province which set it self at Liberty The motives which oblig'd these Provinces to depart from the Dominion of Spain were 1. Because Spanish Garrisons were kept in the Low Countries to the discontent of all the Orders 2. The Imposition of the tenth penny on all Merchandises 3. The fear of the Spanish Inquisition which enraged them it being more Politick than Christian for keeping in awe the Nobles and great Persons of the Country 4. The Infraction of their Priviledges 5. The cruelty of Ferdinando-Alvarez of Toledo Duke of Alba joyn'd with his haughtiness and contempt of Persons 6. The endeavours for an alteration of Religion Now the Princes of Orange of the House of Nassau have been the Councel Support and Glory of these Provinces As to the present Prince see England II. The States Arms are Or a Lion Gules holding with one Paw a Cutleas and with the other a bundle of seven Arrows closely bound together by allusion to the seven Confederate Provinces with this Motto Concordia res parvae crescunt The States Livery is of a red colour They profess the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Calvin and use the Low Dutch Tongue III. Amsterdam is the most considerable City of all Holland the Houses are generally built of Brick and it s built on Piles like Venice As to what proportion in bigness this City bears to London I have no exact account but upon comparing the Bills of Mortality in both the Burials of the latter vastly exceed those of the former For An. 1685. the Burials of London were 23222. and those of Amsterdam 6245. From whence and the difference of Air its probable that the people of London are quadruple to those of Amsterdam Dr. Brown having taken a view of this City in his Travels before London was rebuilt gives this handsom account of it Amsterdam for Riches Trade Shipping fair Streets and pleasant Habitations scarce yields to any other City of the World it s seated on the River Ye An. 1470 it was wall'd about with a Brick Wall to defend it against the Citizens of Utrecht The Arms of it are three Crosses on a Pale with an Imperial Crown over all the last given them by Maximilian the Emperour Of late years this City is mightily increaced and encompast with a new Wall and fortified after the modern way And the whole Town being in a low marshy ground the water is let in thro all the considerable Streets and its all built upon Piles or high Firr-Trees driven down perpendicularly so close together that nothing can be forc'd in betwixt them This supports the greatest buildings where no bottom is For the Foundation of one Tower or Steeple alone there were ramm'd into the ground 6334 great Trees The Town House is the noblest building in all these Countries a Pile of free Stone one hundred and ten paces in Front larger than the magnificent Church of S. Peters at Rome and eighty one paces deep or on the sides On the top of it stands Atlas or Columbus holding a Globe on his Shoulders made of Copper of about ten Foot diameter which is as large perhaps as any Globe or Ball whatsoever imploy'd in this Ornamental use The Draw-Bridges at Amsterdam part in the middle and a Vessel tho under Sail may pass them without the help of any one on shore for the Mast Head or break water of the Ship bearing against the Bridge in the middle opens it So far Dr. Brown Harlem also in Holland is a Town of a large extent and the Hague is one of the fairest Villages in Europe it containing above four thousand Houses It s remarkable that the whole compass of the Province of Holland is but one hundred and eighty Miles no part thereof being distant from the Sea above three hours journey and yet it contains twenty three wall'd Towns and four hundred Villages From the Steeple of the Town of Gorcham in this Province a man may behold twenty two wall'd Towns beside a great number of Villages And the Town of Utrech situate within the Province of that name is so miraculously seated among wall'd Towns that a man may go from thence in one day to any of fifty wall'd Towns
or Cities thence equally distant or to any one of twenty six Towns to Dinner and come home to Bed King Williams Pallace at Houstlardike built by Frederick-Henry of Nassau is esteem'd the most beautiful and stately of the seventeen Provinces IV. The Publick Revenues of the Netherlands coming all out of the Subjects Purses are computed to be seven millions of pounds Sterling In a Book Compos'd by a Dutchman Entituled The Depths of Spain the City of Amsterdam is said to have daily above fifty thousand Livers of Rent in Customs Assizes and Imposts The House of Denmark 1. THE Danes have had their peculiar Kings for many Ages past whom Historians generally distinguish by eight Periods The seventh of these Periods was that of the Suenonidae or English Danes so call'd from Sueno or Swaine Ethrick This Family ended An. 1448 upon the death of the last of them without Issue And the Danes elected Adolph Earl of Holstein for their King but he modestly declin'd it and earnestly recommended to their Choice Christian Count Oldenburg his Sisters Son who was thereupon elected and Crown'd King by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility As for the Original of the Family of Oldenburg it s too far buried in Antiquity for Historians to clear it however they say that toward the end of the tenth Century one Otho was Earl of Oldenburg who had a certain wonderful Horn given him by a Spirit or Apparition which is to be seen to this day in the Castle of Oldenburg Of this Family the present King of Denmark is descended tho the Monarchy continued Elective till the time of his Father Frederick the Third who was elected King of Denmark and Norway An. 1648. in whose Reign the Constitution of the Government was altered and the Monarchy was made Hereditary Christian the Fifth of the House of Oldenburg present King of Denmark Norway the Vandals Goths c. was born Apr. 18. 1646. Own'd Heir of the Crown of Denmark Jun. 12. 1650. ascended the Throne after the death of his Father which happened Feb. 19. 1670. Crown'd at Fredericksburg June 17. 1671. He espous'd May 18. 1667. Charlotta-Amalia Daughter to William the Sixth Landtgrave of Hesse she having been born Apr. 27. 1650. He has Issue by her living 1. Frederick born Oct. 21. 1671. 2. Christian born Oct. 18. or March 25. 1675. 3. Sophia-Hedewig born Aug. 28. 1677. 4. Christiana-Charlotta born Jan. 18. or 28. 1674. 5. Charles born Oct. 25. 1680. or 82. 6. William born 1684. The King of Denmark has but one Brother viz. Prince George of whom see in England His Sisters are as follows 1. Anna-Sophia married to the Elector of Saxony of whom see in Saxony 2. Frederica Amalia born 1648. and married An. 1667. to Christian-Albert Duke of Sleswick or Gottorp who was born Feb. 3. 1641. 3. Wilhelmina-Ernestina born 1650. the now Relict of Charles late Elector Palatine 4. Ulrica-Eleanora born 1656 and married to Charles the Eleventh the present King of Sueden May 16. 1680. Note That King Frederick the Third beside these Children left a Natural Son Ubrick-Frederick Count of Guldenlow the now Governour of Norway who by a certain Noble Lady is Father of Woldemar Baron of Lowenthal a Colonel in the Danish Forces Afterwards he took to Wife Antonia-Augusta Daughter to Anthony Count Oldenburg An. 1677. by whom he has many Children and among the rest Fredericus-Christianus The present King of Denmark has also several Natural Children by the Countess of Samsee To give an account of the chief Princes of the several Branches of the Royal House of Denmark you must note that they are divided into two Capital Lines viz. The Dukal Line of Holstein and the Dukal Line of Sleswick or Gottorp As for the Ducal Line of Holstein John Brother to Frederick the Second King of Denmark and Son to King Christian the Third who came to the Crown ann 1537 was the first Progenitor of it who being twice married became the Father of a numerous Issue which spread it self into the four Branches of Sunderburg Norburg Glucksburg and Ploen The present Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg is Christian Adolph born ann 1641 and now lives at Frantzhagen in Sax-Lawenburg which was his Wive's Portion together with his Son Prince Leopold Christian born 1678. There are of this Branch besides seventeen Princes alive The present Duke of Norburg is Christian-Augustus born 1639. The present Duke of Glucksburg is Christianus born 1627 who lives in the Castle of Glucksburg with his three Sons Philip-Ernestus born 1673. Joachim-Adolph born 1679 and Christian-Augustus born 1681. The present Duke of Ploen is Joannes Adolphus born 1634 and married ann 1674 to Dorothea Sophia eldest Daughter to Rudolphus-Augustus Duke of Wolfembuttel who was born Jan. 28. 1653. He has Issue by her two Sons living viz. Adolphus-Augustus born 1680 and Joannes-Ulricus born 1684. His youngest Brother Joachimus Ernestus born 1637 is General of the Spanish Horse in the Netherlands As for the Ducal Line of Sleswick or Gottorp the Author of it was Adolphus youngest Son to King Frederick the First born ann 1526. The present Duke is Christian-Albert born Feb. 3. 1641 and married 1667 to Frederica Amalia second Sister to the present King of Denmark who was born 1648 He has Issue by her 1. Sophia-Amalia born 1670. 2. Frederick born 1671. 3. Christianus-Augustus born 1673. 4. Maria-Elizabetha born 1678. II. The Shield of the Kings of Denmark is charged with many Marks of Possessions Pretensions and Alliances He bears party of three and Coupé of two which make twelve Quarters In the first Or Semé of Hearts Gules with three Lions passant-guardant placed one over the other Azure crowned langued and arm'd of the first which belongs to Denmark 2. Gules a Lion Rampant crowned and armed Or holding a Battle-Ax Argent hilted of the second for the Kingdom of Norway 3. Gules a Lion passant-guardant Or on nine Hearts of the same in Fesse for Gothland 4. Gules a Dragon crown'd Or for Schonen 5. Azure three Crowns Or for Sweden 6. Gules a Paschal Lamb Argent supporting a little Flag of the same marked with a Cross Gules for Gutland 7. Or two Lions passant-guardant Azure for Sleswick 8. Gules a Fish crown'd Argent for Iceland On these eight Quarters is a great Cross Argent which is the ancient Devise of the Kingdom since the Conversion of these People to the Faith of Christ On the Center of this Cross are placed the Arms of Dithmarsh which are Gules a Cavalier arm'd Argent In the ninth great Quarter Gules a Nettle Leaf spread at breadth and charged in the midst with a little Escutcheon the whole Argent for Holstein 10. Gules a Swan Argent gorged with a Crown Or for Stormaria 11. Gules two Fesses Or for Delmenhorst 12. Gules a Cross Pattee and Argent and Fitchee at the Foot for Oldenburg This Shield is environed with a Collar of the Order of the Elephant and bears for Crest a Crown flowered raised