rudely accosted them that the French lost 400 Officers and of them the gallant Marshal Guebriana and 6000 Souldiers and with speed were forced to return to the Rhine These 2 Battles of Rocroy and Dutling within so short a space of 6 Months were almost as signal as any in the Swedish or Flandrian War and made the world suppose to the Cardinals advantage that he would direct and govern the Armes of France in their own natural way of sudden and sprightly resolution and push at a speedy conquest and Decision The prudent Cardinal knowing how the pleasure of this Victory might transport the Duke of Lorrain having highly vindicated and revenged himself of the French affronts to feed the humors thereof and charm the opportunities of this success proposed a Treaty with the said Duke now as more facile to an accomodation since he stood upon as aequall if not higher ground but the Duke being slur'd before by Cardinal Richlieu upon the same account at his last journy to Paris by the like offers would not venture another Flam but fell into the low countries to winter quarters gave the Cardinal leave to undertake another Composure And that was between the King of England and the members at Westminster by the outward solemn Embassy of Prince Harcourt and as well entertained by them as intended by him the Members quarrelling at his Credentials as not amply and in form directed to them and affronting him by a search and seizure of his papers as he was going to Oxford for he bound himself up to the Dictates and Methods of Cardinal Richlein which was by any means to continue our divisions and the effect of this splendid whither go ye manifested no more when the said Prince Harcourt departe hence without so much as one praliminary or word treated of towâ—rd an agreement And as his averseness to the English Nation was mâ—erly Politique hardly discovered in him so had he a natural dislike of and Antipathy to the Nâ—et easily to be observed varying and counterchanging the interest of France whiâ—h thiâ—herto had maintained an indissoluble Leâ—gue and Amity with Scotland whether prompted to it by his Generosity a vertue relucent enough in him which abhorred their disloyal practises or from a vile contempt of their Condition and the dictates of Prudence which disobliged any confidence in that Nation as they then went in the worlds Repute is not determinable But most certain it is that some grounded radicated pique and quarrel he had against that people for that the Immortal Marquesse of Montross of Famous Memory was put by his Command of that Kings Guard which had been promised him meerly by this Cardinal although he brought with him the greatest Merit that Loyalty Conduct and Courage did ever lay claim to As little indulgent he was indeed to the admission of any stranger into places of Trust no not his own Countrymen of Italy as knowing one was enough and thought by the Princes of the Blood and the Nobility to be too many serving himself altogether of Frenchmen except for Forrain Intelligence for which he had Emissaries and Pensionary's of all Nations And now we will return to some other Passages of his Administration as to the War he maintained yet with the Emperour and King of Spain in the year 1646. when the Duke of Orleans was Generalissimo the Cardinal studying to busie the Princes of the Blood in Military Actions out of the Kingdome and the aforesaid Duke of Anguien his Lieutenant General That years greatest Campania fell upon Flanders where a Decision of the quarrel for those Provinces was resolved upon by taking the chiefest Towns of Importance in the Heart of the Country which would give the Spaniard a mortal blow having prepared for it by many successes to the Hollanders as well as the selves the year before for that the Spaniards losse of Graveling and the Sasse of Gaunt the two main Frontier Defences both ways laid the Country open to an intire Conquest Courtrack was first taken within twenty miles of Gaunt but victuals growing seant by the multitude of such an Army they retreated towards the Sea-side to be supplied by the Hollander and took in Berghen St. Wynox by Dunkirk besieged Mardike suprized from them the Winter before but lost many gallant brave persons of the French No ility and some four thousand men before it and yet could not carry it till Vantrump with his Dutch Fleet blockt them up by Sea Dunkirk and Fuernes followed the same Fortune so that nothing was thought now able to withstand the progress of the French Armies to Antwerp which the Cardinal by earnest expresses and instances desired the Prince of Orange to besiege promising him 6000 Men to his assistance but the Dutch jealous of the French for former Reasons and suspecting the Cardinals reaches and not willing to spoyl the Trade of Amsterdam which must return again to Antwerp would by no means approve of the design Nevertheless the Prince of Aurange Marshal Gassion and Rantzaw having driven back Piccolomini the Emperours General and secured the passage by the Channel between Gaunt and Bruges came with his Army and complemented the Duke of Orleans with a visit and returned with booty and plunder into the Land of Wasse and there took in Hulst in October the last admirable felicity of that great Captain So succesful were the endeavours of this great Cardinal that no doubt was made of reducing the Countries which France pretended to have been wrested from her some ages before and so accomplish a total Soveraignty over all Belgia in process of time when the Prince of Aurange the great wheel of the Holland War by the insinuations and perswasions of the right honourable George Lord Goring Earl of Norwich deceased was at last induced to hearken to an accommodation which having been laboured at Munster by Deputies of all the concerned Princes and the Arbitrators was in 1648. by that Princes single Condescention such a command had his Fortune upon Christendome concluded and ratified on January the 8th and the French left to stand upon their own legs after many instances made to the Contrary by Monsieur de Servient the French Ambassadour at the Hague to no purpose the Swedes and Hollanders returning to their repose after a mâ—st tedious War which the Ambitious Cardinal preferred bâ—fore a most just honourable and necessary Peace for the impoverished Subjects of France Notwithstanding he obtained by this Munster Treaty from the Emperour in satisfaction of his charge and expence in the Swedish War the strong Town of Brisack and most part of Alsatia bordering upon Lorain no small addittament of Territory besides the sâ—curity thereby of his acquests in Lorain and his rights in the 3 Bishopricks of Metz Thoul and Verdun Maintaining and keeping also Portolongone and Prombino in Italy taken by his Arms under the Conduct of Prince Thomaso as also his Conquests in Cataloma where the War was continued with various success
to communicate intelligence and make a streight Allyance with the Arch Duke This was a potent Combination wherein most of the great men of the Kingdome with the generality of the people were engaged against the Cardinal and which would have ruined the greatest Minister Europe ever had were it not that his wisdom and policy were paramount and above the reach of Fortune which had little to do with his Felicities First therefore the King published a Manifest concerning the detention of the Princes to give Satisfaction to the world of the justice and necessity thereof the cheif points of which declaration were the Prince of Conde's too great power and exorbitant Ambition that had proceeded so far as to invade the royal Prerogative In answer to this the Marshal of Turenne being in Stenay and having agreed with the Arch-Duke for the manage of the war beat his drums and listed forces declaring with the said Arch Duke that neither Party would lay down their Arms till the Princes were released the Duke of Lorain restored to his Estate the Cardinal banished a firm peace concluded between both Crowns but the Cardinals Dexterity and diligence bafled all these designments and turned their Resolutions into prayers and intreaties for most of the same things at his own hands The Parliament of Bourdeaux also renewed the Order and Arrest given against the Marquess de Ancre the Favourite of the former Queen Mother whereby it was declared that no Stranger by reason of his Enormous Administration should ever have thereafter the great Ministry and Intendency of the Kingdom The Marshal Turenne with the Arch-Duke attaqued Guise and notwithstanding terms and propositions of Peace publique and private resolved to prosecute the war while the King seizeth upon the Princes Governments and places of strength in Normandy and finally by the Artifices of the Cardinal and the power of the Duke of Espernon possesseth himself of Bourdeaux which dangerously threatned his Crown where he entred with triumph and with the same returned to his City of Paris And now the second time had he quieted and laid the envious Rage of his Enemies against Him when the Duke of Orleans the Kings brother undertook the Princes Intercession and Vindication which he procured to be decreed by the Parliament of Paris who in a body came and presented their Arrest in favour of the said Princes to the Queen which Authoritative Reversement of those proceedings and severe restraint the Princes had suffered with universal outcryes against the Cardinal as the Authour and Contriver of those injuries and other mischiefs to the Publique by his continuance of the War and oppression of the people now at last forced this able Pilot to abandon the Steerage of the State and to consult for his security which the liberty of the Princes dangerously threatned The Princes were set at liberty by Marshal Gramment who was Commanded to see it done and made their entrance into Paris the sixth of February when the streets rung again with the noise of Live the King Live the Princes no Mazarine every one accusing him of Exhausting the Revenue c. and of the mischiefs which embroiled the State but he had plaid his Cards so that they ceased not with his departure Nevertheless to Honest his Retreat and take off the dishonour of it he got the King and Queen to give him their Conge or leave for this his retirement giving his Enemies full swinge to act their Exorbitancies without any Treasure to mitigate that acuteness the people must suffer under those necessities of mis-rule while he had wherewithall to loosen their combination and divide their interests into Atomes and so make his return infinitely more glorious then his Exit was disgraceful His passage out of France was by Peronne Sedan and Dinant where he staid some dayes and thence to Leige or Luyck and so to Bruel to the Elector of Colen who received him according to his quality he having refused the like offers of civility from the Spaniards Yet such was the present hatred of him in France that even those who shewed him any respect in his way to this Exile were informed against as Enemies to the King and their Country most of the Parliaments of France Decreeing against Him And now returned the Marshall of Turenne the Count of Grand Pre and the Dutchess of Longueville being welcomed with their Troops while the Cardinal secretly listed men in Luyckland for the Kings Service which now went very backward in Flanders for the Marquess Sfondrate re-took Fuerues and Wynoxberg and the Impositions and clamours of the people were as great as ever To raise these discontents to another Sedition and Rebellion the Prince of Conde gave out a Rumour of another Design to seize him and his Brother and so all things were put in the same hazard as before at the Cardinals departure for though the Queen protested there was no such Design by an Express sent after him which brought him back to Paris upon condition that Monsieur Servient and le Tellier should be discarded as being the Cardinals Creatures yet he returned to the same suspicious humour and hasted to St. Maur and thence to Burdeaux which again received and readily declared for Him The King to prevent his â—Lavies and increase there having been newly declared Major the 27th of August 1651 by the Chancellour of France in Parliament as being fourteen years of age followed after him to Poyctiers and seeing no remedy but in the prudent Counsels of the Cardinal against this ambitious dissatisfaction of the Princes sent for Him to come to them thither which he obeyed and the Prince of Conde dealt with the Archduke in like manner Mazarin being now declared Traytor his Goods to be Confiscate his fine Library sold and fifteen thousand pound Sterling offered to any body should bring him either alive or dead and at the same time the Duke of Nemours with Spanish Forces entred Picardy This Restitution of the Cardinal was then one of the wonderfullest Changes and Affairs of Christendome though it were but an ordinary Effect of his prudence which plainly foresee this glorious Event of his secess and departure France that had leaned so long upon his Shoulders could not chuse but misse her supporter and unaccustomed to new Props was in danger of an irrecoverable fall Yet when he had Sampsons opportunity of pulling the stately Frame of Government upon the Head of his Enemies who triumphed at his disgrace the kindnesse of his Revenge rather strengthened the Fabrick and raised it higher Necessity that injures and insolently crosseth other men officiously served His Fortune France could not be safe without Him the Engine of the Government was discomposed and in pieces and none but his skilful Hand could set it right and in order which he did suddenly and invisibly by securing the Kings Interest and Soveraignty dividing and perplexing the Princes particularly by moderating and in some sort neutralizing the Duke of Orleans
under the several Commands of Marshal de Motte The Prince de Harcourt de Conde and Marshal de Schomberg to the continuance of the Catalonians in their revolt He retained likewise what he gained in Flanders with a resolution to improve the French Flower de Lyzes in that Country where they had formerly flonrished looking with an evil eye upon the Dutch for abandoning their League and evil-intreating of their Subjects in their Trade and Navigation which showed how much he was displeased with this peace which he foresee would breed ill humors in the State and some envious designes against his Person and Authority therein The said year 1648. on the 29th of August he was fortunated with another Victory at Lens in Artoys against the Arch-Duke Leopold gained by the valour but allayed by the death of the gallant Marshal Gassion slain with a bullet as most men thought treacherously by some great person near him who shall be nameless This noble Captain was a Confident of the Cardinals and proved a greater losse to him then was at present imagined but his sagacity and prudence seasonably provided himself with another Martialist Hitherto the Cardinal had carried all things evenly without any intestine Commotions or open disturbances to his great Reputation and Honour but the influence of the late general peace which stilled and dulled the minds of most men like a comprest heavy vapour broke out into a violent Earthquake at home and gave the Spaniard leave to respire after a war on both sides of his Provinces for thirteen years together but belaid this great Agent of Christendom with very importunate s llicitudes Some Cabal now on foot against him cherisht by the Princes of the blood and managed chiefly by the Prince of Conde had obliged him by the Queen Regents Order in September 1648. to commit the Messeiurs de Brussels de Charton and de Blanckmesnel Presidents of the Parliament whom the people much respected and look't upon as Patriots to the Bastilt of Paris whereupon they began to cry Alarum and ran in Herds down to the Palace Royal in the nature and to the Event of our unhappy Tumults in 1640 requiring the Liberty of the said Gentlemen the Shops were shut up the Chains made fast and all the approaches barricado'd so that Paris seemed to be in more disorder now and the danger greater then that which happened in the Reign of Henry the 2d nor did the uproar cease till the Queen was constrained to release them And so the discontent was for a while husht up being a forerunner to greater mischiefs and a seeming calm cast upon the surface of the Kingdom while it violently laboured for a free Vent through the turbulent blood of the Princes Which happened on the 28 of December in their Christmas time 1649. when in the Evening the Queen the King and Duke of Anjou with the Cardinal departed from Paris which secret Retreat gave the Parisians another Alarum for imagining that the Queen would revenge her self of the former commotion they took up Arms again with as much Heat as they had done before and raised their respective Militia's and Forces under the Command of the Dukes de Elbeuf Beaufort Bouillon and the Marshal de la Motte their chief General being the Prince of Conty The Queen Regent and King raised Forces also there flâ—cking to him many from all parts to reduce the Parisians to reason he had alread seized upâ—n the Approaches and some hot Skirmishes were made in one whereof the Duke of Rohan was slain he pretended to be the Son and Heir of that most Famous Souldier and Scholar the Duke of Rohan the Head of the Protestant League By this means the King possessed himself of St. Dennis Meredon Corbett and Lagny near the City who fearing the due punishment of their disloyalty and the revenges of the Cardinal and animated by their Leaders the Nobility invited the Archduke Leopold to their assiâ—â—ance declaring their intolerable burdens under the pressures of a tâ—dious War and the oppressions of the said Cardinal Upon this invitation the Archduke advanced and to facilitate his Design caressed the Country as he passed suffering not the least spoil to be committed upon their Goods or Cattel but by the advice of the Duke of Lorain he prudently retired and prevented the stops of his return remembring that of Curtius Gratiarum actiones apud hostes supervacaneas esse aut prorsus nullas That the thanks of an Enemy are altogether vain and unprofitable or not to be expected or relyed on For the wise Cardinal to divert this storm which would shiver Him if he met and withstood it singly vailed the Kings and Queens Authority to this Exigence Counselling the Queen to conclude with the Princes without any delay which advice was suddenly executed and thereby the Arch-Duke having lost 2000. Horse for want of forrage and by the celerity of his expedition was yet fain to make more hast out of the Kingdome then he did into it although he had saved Paris from a very forward Ruine By this Agreement the Citizens of Paris were pardoned and restored to all their Priviledges and Franchises and the Army of the King and his mutineers dispacht under the Prince de Harcourt to make an in-road into Flanders who coming before Cambray were content to dislodge at the approach of the Arch Duke whose Leivtenant General the Marquess S'sondrate took in Ypres after a gallant defence made by the French while Harcourt took Conde and laid wast the Country of Hâ—nault and part of Fraâ—ant to the fright of the City of Brussels it self This was one of the finest extricating fineries he manifested in so sudden Schazardous an emergence which else would have sunk him immediatly and the Kingdome together no small advantage of this occurrence that it complicated the Monarchy of France with his particular Fate and showed that its glory and safety were redevable to his single Concern The Cardinal well knew where those Arrows were forged and therefore having so triumphantly and nimbly surmounted this shock encounter he used the like diligence to be before hand with his Enemies for the future and hereupon the Princes of Câ—nde and Câ—ntâ— next Princes of the bloud Royal after the Duke of Orleans together with the Duke of Longueville their brother in law and the Duke of Beaufort were upon a sudden made prisoners in the Castle of â—incennes with several of their servants secured and removed from them this happened in 1650. The Princesse of Conde retired her self to Bourdeaux where the Duke of Bouillon many Lords came to her who for the hatred they bore the Cardinal and the Duke of Espernon who stuck fast to the King were welcomed by her and the Town as well as the Viscount Marshal Turenne upon the same account at Brussels The Dutchesse of Longueville got aboard in a Vessel which lay off before the Haven of Deip and thence passed to Holland and so to Luxenburgh
The main Intrigue whereof was the gayning the Marshall Turenne over to the Kings Party who had constantly followed the Fortune of Conde and appeared the Cardinals most avowed and formidable Enemy but nothing it seems was insuperable or unfeasible to Him who could reconcile Contraries and out-doe Nature with the Elixir of his Brain So that the Princes were constrained to invite the Archduke and Duke of Lorain to the other Expedition for Paris which threatned the ruine of one of the Parties but such was the favour of Fate towards this her great Instrument and Agent that she opportunely interposed the Authority and Mediation of our Soveraign the King of Great Britain then at Paris which superseded the fierce and sanguinous Resolutions of the Princes and saved the Cardinal the Emergent Hazard of his Felicity Which Courtesie how he requited is one of the most Envious Enquiry's and the blackest darkest passage of his whole Administration By the said Intercession the Duke of Lorain with other satisfaction retreated into Flanders whither not long after perforce followed the Prince of Conde and his Partisans and the King trinmphantly entred Paris with the acceptable insinuations of his Grace and Pardon solemnly thereafter published Nothing was wanting to compleat the new settlement but the Duke of Orlean's the Kings Uncles presence at Court now absenting and retiring himself thence which was one of the difficultest and nicest Punctilio of State the Cardinal ever met with Being thus again Culminant and placed in his former Crb he resumed the War with fresh vigour and with two Eminent Successes the taking of Stenay whither he carried the King in Person and the Victory at Arras 1654. re-stated and recovered the Honour of the Puissance of France It will be unnecessary to mention the Chain of Successes which followed them in Flanders as it will be rudenesse to abrupt and disjoyn It with his League with Cromwel and his Cunning destructive Design of Jamaica which he put into that Usurpers Head because they press too near upon His Memory and are every mans observation and publique Discourse But most certain it is he joyed not our late Miraculous Restitution nor did he foresee it at that Distance which timed and Governed all his other Consultations for his Politiques were like China Metal prepared and refined by years though upon the Emergent and sudden Crisis thereof at the Death of Oliver Cromwel he Complemented Her Majesty the Queen Mother with the undoubted Hopes of Her Families Restauration the Effect whereof settled such a Melancholy in his Creature Monsieur Bourdeaux Neufville the French Resident here that he endured not to survive it For a fit Conclusion Nature favouring the fair goodly Structure of his Glory and in an obsequious complyance to his Fortune and Prudence with all other things had so humbly served and obeyed prolonged his life whose Lamp in a Sanguine Constitution the great drayner of the spirits and ventilated with so much Ayre of businesse was never thought of such a Continuance and Duration till he had setled and Established that Kingdom in the greatest and potentest Condition the World ever saw it and after he had restored to it a most glorious Peace from a War of twenty seven years standing and rendred his Prince the most Signal and incomparable Services having annexed and Established on the Crown by the GENERALLL TREATY in 1659. the Counties of Roussillon Haynault and Artoys with other advantages and Dependencies Having also lived to see the glorious Effects of his Tuition and Education of the present King as if Nice and Curious Fortune scorned to exhibite and continue so rare a Masterpiece of Government to the World in vain or that a Phenix should rise but out of his Ashes He was by Fate intended and designed for the Troubles and Dangers of France to the Redresse whereof he was solely Competent and they being Composed His work was done and He dyed when there was no need of His Life If perhaps he prevented not some afterclaps of that Storm which impends at present upon one of his greatest Confidents and Privadoe's and Loures upon many other of His Dependants and Retayners Fortune was so much his Familiar that even his Pleasures and Vacancies were entertained by Her His greatest recreation being Playe or Gaming both at Dice and Cards or any other Sport at all which he was very lucky and took great delight in success but many times he did not owe it either to Chance or any Cunning but that of his Play-fellows Design who knowing his Winning and Thriving Humour would play Booty against themselves and by their Losse make great Advantage For he that had a great Suit at Court or aymed at any High Preferment had no readier way to effect his Business then by an Opportunity of playing with the Cardinal to whom a losse of a thousand Pistols was worth a Bribe of ten thousand and engaged him more easily and surely then any friends or other money whatsoever So that in Effect He lost by his Gaines his indiscreet Avarice being eluded by the tickling Vanity of Conquest and the pleasing Ambition of a good Hit But it seemed to Him a kind of a more Noble Oppression to drayn Gentlemen of all their money as it also famed his Generosity in recompensing them with Offices alike to that he exercised over the Commonalty without redress or mitigation during his whole Administration by which he heaped such vast sums of Money computed by his Testament foregoing and yet there is a report of twenty five thousand millions of Liures which is two Millions and a halfe of pounds Sterling to be yet concealed by his Heyres and Executors more then was any manner of way disposed of by Him And yet nevertheless His Death was not sung with the Dirges of revengeful Ribaldry as was his Predecessors Richlieu though he had more Potent and impotent Enemies At home he was reconciled to view with the Prince of Conde who was willing to entertain his friendship as he was ikewise respected by the King of Spain and Dou Louis de Haro onely the Pope who alwayes took him for the great disturber of Christendom and the sole Opposer of the general Peace his own great design at first the War giving him opportunity of raising and preferring his Confidents and pillaging the people did now upon the Conclusion of it very much more suspect and Malign the Cardinal first for taking the glory of that Affair to himself and then designing a worse War upon the Church of which he was sensible some long time before the present Rupture and Turkish Invasion This Nativity being shewed me by that ingenious and fam'd Artist Mr. John Gadbury and knowing what particular respect is had by great Men to those Schemes of Geniture I thought it would be acceptable to prefix this being declaratory of the main Concerns of this the Cardinals life Secundum Artem. Nasc Cardinal Mazarine anno 1602. July 14 6 b. 43 m. P. M Sub Elevatione Poli 42 deg ☽ à ☠♄ ad * ☉ THe Nativity of this great States-man was pablished by a Pretender to Astrologie in England some niâ—e years since but falsly for the Scheme thereof is no less then nine Degrees in the Medium Coeli and seven in the Ascendent distant from the Truth as by this Correction following appears 1. In the thirty fourth year of this Persons Age he began to be greatly noted and to live in Favour of the greatest Persons in the place he inhabited he had the Medium Coeli ad Trine Venus a fit Direction 〈◊〉 lay a Foundation for future Honour 2 In the year one thousand six hundred and forty he began to rise into great Favour at the French Court and this in the moneth of November The Medium Coeli had but lately passed the Sextile of Jupiter by Direction and Jupiter in that moneth upon the Ascendent at Birth and Venus upon the place of Direction both very eminent Transits 3. In the year one thousand six hundred forty and three and forty one of his Age he had the Ascendent directed ad Trine Sol Sextile Luna at which time the Nobility Gentry Clergy and Commonalty so cryed him up that he began to be and indeed was in greater request then the King for the King was then but a Childe of five years old 4. In the 49 and 50 years of his Age he was devested of his Honor and Greatness for a time and by the means of an enraged Nobility c. was banished He had then the Sun ad Conjunction Mars Luna ad Quartile Mars by Direction which should also have given him a very violent Fever but I cannot inform my self thereof Lastly In the year 1660. in the Moneth Febr. he dyed some say of a deep Melancholy others of a Fever the last is not without Reason nor yet the first in a sense therefore I believe he participated of both The Ascendent was directed ad Opposition Mars and Saturn upon the Opposition of the Moons Radical place FINIS
and that they bear the name of Mazarines Giveth and bequeatheth also to the Crown all those pieces of Painâ—ings which are at present within the the Library of his Eminence and two suits of Tapestry the one the Fruits of War the design of Julius Romain given to his Eminence since the Treaty of Peace by the King of Spain the other the Rape of the Saoines the design of Raphael Most humbly thanking his Majesty for all his Bounties and Magnificences and for that not long since he hath caused to be given him fifteen hundred thousand liures upon the Treaty of the Neutrality of the French County and the disposal of the Offices of the houses of the Queen and Monsieur which reward amounts in all to three or four millions The said Lord Cardinal Duke having alwayes regarded Madam Martinessi whose Offices of Piety charity are eminently known hath incessantly procured the advancement of the Daughters by advantagious Alliances having married the eldest with Monsieur the Duke of Modena one of the greatest Princes and of the most Antient and Illustrious Houses of all Italy and the second with Monsieur the Prince of Conti Prince of the Blood Royal of France and therefore no way doubting but that they will prefer his Interests before their Advancement He giveth to Madam the Dutches of Modena the sum of three hundred and fifty thousand liures which shall be paid unto her by the Executors of his Testament hereafter named More three pence making part of eleven pence to receive of the salts of Brouage more half of the Rents upon the City of Paris purchased by his Eminence of Monsieur Charles Armand at present Duke Mazarini He giveth and bequeaths to Madam the Princes of Conti the like summe â—f three hundred and fifty thousand liures which shall be paid her by his Executors more the sum of thirty thousand liures to receive and take upon the Excise or Farnâ—s of Languedock more three pence making part of eleven pence to receive and take upon the said Salts of Brouage more 〈◊〉 other â—â—ity of Rents upon the Town hall of the City of Paris more the Compensation of the Rents of the office of surâ—ntendunt for the House of the Queen Mother amounting to two hundred thousand liures which his Eminence hath purchased of 〈◊〉 the Princess Palatine of which she is at present in possession more the suit of Tapestry Hangings with the story of â—ehoboam He gives to the Lady Martinessi Sister to his Eminence the sum of eighteen thousand liures of a rent for life pavable at Rome monethly by advâ—â—ce and upon charge to her and the said Ladies the Dutches of Modena and Princess of Conti to renounce and quit claim to the succession of his Eminence and to all and such rights which they may pretend to the same In default whereof they shall forfeit their Legacies abovesaid which shall return to the Heires and Legatees General The said Lord Cardinal intends not that Monsieur the Marq ess of Mancini his Nephew shall marry with any person whatsoever without the consent of the King and in consideration thereof gives him the Peerage of Nivernois or Nevers and Ouziois with the appurtenances and dependances purchased by his Eminence of Monseigueur the Duke of Mantua by contract of the 11th of July 1659. with the Decrees obtained since free and quit of all Rights More two thirds of the Subsidies arising from the Actions of Mortaine which may be changed for those of Nevers More four pence part of the nineteen pence purchased of my Lord the Duke of Ornanes deceased More three pence part of eleven pence upon the Salts of Brouage More the sum of six hundred thousand liures in ready money which shall be paid by the hands of the Executors of his Will hereafter named All upon charge that the said Lord Mancini shall punctually comply with what is before enjoyned him towards his Majesty and not otherwise in default whereof he shall forfeit his Legacies abovesaid and others that shall be made to him hereafter shall be comprized in the Legacy General And further upon charge that the said Lord Mancini and all his Descendants Males or Femals shall carry the Names and the Arms of Mazarini without joyning other names or quartering other Arms therewith And that the Eldest Son and Male Descendants of the said Marquess Mancini by perpetual and infinite representation from Male to Male and from Eldest to Eldest shall have and take by gradual and perpetual Substitution all these things and sums above mentioned given to him the said Marquess Mancini and in default of Issue male of his body the Substitution shall belong to the eldest Daughter descendent of the male and to the male descendents for ever observing alwayes the right of Eldest to eldest upon condition that in every degree the eldest male and every daughter that shall be called to the Substitution shall be tyed to take the Name and Arms of Mazarini as abovesaid And in default of descendants from the males the Substitution shall belong to the eldest Daughter of the said Marquess Mancini and to her descendants Males and Females and in default of Children of the eldest Daughter or her Descendants to the second third or other Daughters successively and their Descendents preferring alwayes the elder before the younger and Sonnes to Daughters as long as there shall be any Descendants of the said Daughters on the same conditions of taking the Arms and Names of Mazarini Mancini joyntly together In case of default of Issue by the said Lord Marquess Mancini all the abovesaid things and summes above given and bequeathed him shall belong by the same right of Substitution to the high and might Lord Armand Charles now Duke Mazarini and after him in his place to the eldest of his Sons issued from him and the high and mighty Lady Hortense Mancini his Wife No person shall have benefit of this Substitution who shall be an Ecclesiastick or Knight of Malta unless he shall have renounced it before the said Lord Cardinal willing and declaring that he who shall refuse to accept of the said Conditions shall be deprived of all right thereunto and that all shall return to the Legatee General The Lord Cardinal beseecheth his Majesty to receive the said Lord Marquess Mancini in survivency to the Government and Lieutenancy of the King in Brouage and Rochel the profits whereof shall remain in the hands of the Sieur Colbert The said Lord Cardinal giveth unto Monsieur Mancini his Nephew the sum of 30 thousand liures to be imployed for payment of his debts the said Lord Cardinal willeth and intendeth that the administration of the goods of the said Lord Marquess Mancini remain in the hands of the Sieur Colbert untill he shall have attained the age of majority The said Lords Executors may name a person to be Tutor to the said Marquess Mancini under direction of the Sieur Colbert who shall be obliged to give Caution and Security
as Executor of his Testament He giveth and bequeathes unto Monsieur the Archbishop of Arniuzi a great Watch in a Case of Gold My Lord the Cardinal refers himself to his Heirs and Legatees to give presents to his principal friends He gives to Monsieur de Massat Advocate in Parliament a Diamond of fifteen hundred liures He gives and bequeathes to Sr. Poisson his Apothecary four thousand liures To the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul at Rome a Lamp of three thousand Crowns He gives another Lamp of the same price to the miraculous Crucifix of St. Briget at Rome He giveth and bequeatheth to the Church of St. Roch in St. Honory's street a Chalice of the sum of eighteen thousand liures He willeth and ordaineth that after the sharing of the Palace of his Eminence together with the Statues and Figures which shall be therein and that the said Lord Duke Mazarini hath chosen the part which best likes him that then it shall be lawfull to the said Marquess Mancini to take the sum of three hundred thousand liures for his part of the said Statues and Figures which sum in the said Case the said Lord Mazarini shall be bound to pay him for which payment all the said Statues and Figures shall be comprized in the said Substitution of the Legacy general without comprizing neverthelesse the Palace and Appurtenances which shall remain in his disposition If the said Lord Marquesse Mancini receive the said sum of three hundred thousand liures my Lord the Cardinal willeth and intendeth that it shall be imployed in the purchase of a House fit to receive him the which purchase shall not be made without the advice of Monsieur Colbert My Lord Cardinal giveth unto Madam the Princess Colonna besides that which he hath assigned her as abovesaid by his Testament the sum of 15 thousand liures as well for the buying her Horses Caroach and Equipage as for the expences of her voyage into Italy All which was so spoke and said to the said Notaries and by one of them the other being present read and repeated Monday the seventh day of March about nine a clock in the morning the same year 1661. TO day the seventh day of March 1661. the King being at Vincennes after the reading to his Majesty by Francis le Foin Notary c. of the Testament and Codicils made by my Lord Cardinal Duke Mazarini His said Majesty divers times renounced and renounceth that made to his advantage of the third of March instant and Willeth and Ordaineth that the said Testament and Codicils be executed according to the Form and Tenour at which said reading were present my Lord the Prince of Conde by and at the request of Madam the Princesse of Conti Monsieur the Duke of Mercoeur Monsieur the Count of Soissons the Sieurs Duke and Dutchesse Mazarini the Sieurs Premier President Fouquet the Bishop of Freins and Colbert Executors of the Testament of my Lord the Cardinal His Majesty commanding me for the the testifying his pleasure to dispatch the present breviat which he hath signed with his own hand and caused to be Countersigned by me his Secretary of State and of his Commands and Finances Signed Le TELLIER SOME HISTORICAL REMARQVES OF THE LIFE Of the Famous CARDINAL MAZARINI London Printed by Peter Lillicrap for William Gilbertson at the Bible in Guilt-Spur-Street 166â— Some Historical REMARQUES OF THE LIFE of the Famous Cardinal MAZARINI IT might pass for no great misadventure in imitation of Philosophers and those Mathematicians who to describe the Globes and the Government of the Universe have assigned Termes and Names to the great and Principal Parts thereof if in the Elements of Humane Policy which hath ordered and disposed the Affairs of Christendome in its Modern Administration we give to its chief Motion the Name of MAZARINI whose Designes and Actions were the Supreme Intelligences the Poles and Hinges by which so many wonderful changes and vicissitudes have been Rolled upon the World And he may properly be also called that Altern Luminary which upon the setting of the Glorious Richelieu arose in the French Horizon and with Vniversal Splendor pierced into the most Recondite and Abstruse Mysteries and Cabals of State and influenced and Governed their Transactions Like the Moons Opacous Body his Gleamings and Glitterings and uncertain lights dazled the Eyes of the World while his dark Intrigues were reserved and concealed in himself He was Fate it's self in a Humane shape which dispensed Events and favoured or crossed all Counsels and Designes according to his Pleasure nothing succeeded without his Concurring advice and assent and nothing failed with his auspicious Encouragement To so near a resemblance herein that he was able to clue glorious and most wonderful Effects through dark Labyrinths of Time and Adversity and appoint the hour and minute of their Termination He was a dark Lanthorn whose Lucidations discovered all before him and concealed his own Mysterious Practises the Oracle of State which no Sword or Wisdome could resolve He could turn the Edges of the sharpest Steel and blunt the Points of the acutest Wits neither Mars nor Mercury could prevail against Him In vain therefore it is to think to give any competent Character of Him who surmounted the capacity of the ablest Personages Christendome e're enjoyed and who may be reckoned for one of the Wonders of the World As he may in some sort also be said to have been a Monarch himself having governed France absolutely in the Regency and Minority of the Present King and Queen Mother in very difficult and perplexed Times and yet he was but a stranger and a new commer to that Court and Country in a very private condition which His Fortune and Mâ—â—it equalled after to the highest Advancements any Publique Minister ever attained It 's true he had an Excellent Master and Pattern the aforesaid Richlieu who doubled his Faculties upon him at his death commending him to the King as he had done before to the Queen as the only fit and able person to undertake His Affairs The main Scope whereof was the Ruine of the House of Austria and the Advancement of the French Greatness upon it to an Universal Soveraignty And it will not be ungrateful I suppose to the Reader to shew the Parallel and Differences between these Eminent Statesmen the latter exactly treading in the steps of the Former without any ambitious Hope or design of expressing them in their due proportions but only to serve an ordinary Curiosity Cardinal Richlieu was born at Paris and so a Native of that Kingdom and of Noble Extraction which rendred him to the observation of the Queen Mother who took him into her service and preferred him to the Bishoprick of I uzon where at her command he wrote a Book of Conâ—roversies and Therafter to the King who procured him a Cardinals Cap from the Pope Paul the fifth is reported upon viewring him to have said that he would one day would prove the
greatest cheat in the World He highly merited his Preferments of the King by his taking of Rochel which caused such an obliging confident affection in the King towards him that he left the total direction of Affairs to him but that Interest in the King was very ungratefully managed against the Queen Mother who raised Him and all her Party or Dependants the Queen he forced into a dishonourable and wandring Exile and to rid himself of Her and the Intrigues against Him He cut off the Marshall Marillacis head her great Favourite and ruined all such of whom he had any jealousie He was beloved by the most zealous Protestants and hated by the most zealous Catholiques and never pardoned such as had offended against him He gained the Dutchy of â—â—â—urain by sine policy and sudden force intending to â—â—ine the Housâ— of 〈◊〉 the successors or Charâ—â—â—â—n in order to the saâ—e destructive Design unâ—â— the House of Austria designing to have seized also the Lâ—w Countries upon which bottome the War with Spain in 16â—â— was begun and continued till his death He assisted the Duke of Never in his succession to the Dutchy of Mantuua and made an alliance with the Swedes and the Protestant Princes and yet notwithstanding ruined the Hugonites in France He was an enemy likewise to the Princes of the Blood especially the Count of Soissons who deserted the Kingdome and joyned with the Spaniard His Party with him published a Manifesto against the Cardinals male administration yet he continued in the Kings favour and firm assurance thereof and for attempts and underminings thereof by the perswasions of the King to a peace he caused Monsieur le Grand and De Thou two Eminent Noblemen to be beheaded at Lions which last sanguinous Action loosned him from his former fixedness in his Masters breast whose coldness towards him raised Damps in his own which with other distempers fomented and fed by this extinguished his life on the 4th of December 1642. He was accused of having Embroyled England to the end that it might be in no condition to hinder his seizing of the Low Countries and this by most unjust and Maligne practises though varnished over with its like intermedling in the businesse of Rochel and of setting all Europe in general by the ears though he cannot be deprived of the glory and praise of having done the Kingdom of France Superlative services though it were with the huge oppression of the poore people he lived in great anxiety and sear having perpetual apprehensions of the mischiefs he had done His death was not overmuch lamented and such as had either feared him or fled his persecution returned into France and by the Kings Grace repossest themselves of their Charges and Estates He died wealthy and rich seized of severall Governments and Offices and Titulado'd with Dignities and Secular Honours leaving a Peerage and Dutchy to his Nephew Duke Richleiu now surviving and was buried with a publique sumptuous Funeral a little before the death of Lewis the 1â—â—â— which happened in the beginning of the year 1643. after he had declared the Qâ—een Regent and recommended Cardinal Mazarini to her who suffered no Eclipse or Diminution of Lustre in the clouded close setting of his Patron Richleiu And we shall now perceive this Apotype and Copy of this great Exemplar Cardinal Mazarini who was as hath been objected to and reported of him frequently a Sicilian by birth and so a Native Subject of the King of Spain but took his Priesthood at Rome as did Richleiu and by his good Fortune conducted to France into which Court he cunningly insinuated himself and gained the favour and knowledge of the Cardinal who employed him in transacting his Affairs at Rome and as his Envoy or Minister for that peculiar Negotiation while he found it convenient to dispose of him for his better service and prefer him to the Queen as her Secretary by which means he might fasten a sure Intelligencer of whatever should be contrived against Him and continue and cherish those good correspondencies between her Majesty and Himself And so true and faithful a Servant did he carry himself in that preferment and so prudently and wisely for himself that he preserved the entire favour of their Majesties and the Cardinal without any suspicion of a partial study in things of a nice and dubious adherence For as he had by his Birth the disadvantage of Alliance and Interest so had be the unobserved unbusied and serence way of beneficing and engaging the means to his Grandeur which he saw designed for him by so Potent and concerned Inductions to the secrets of the Government so that there was little odds between the Locality of their Extractions but what ambitious Envy against the one and contemptuous Hatred against the other ineffectually signified By the aforesaid direction of the King at his decease he now managed the State and in prosecution of Richleius Design Sacrated to him by the Merit of his Advancement resumed the next Summers Expedition of 1643. with more violent Effects the tediousness of the former having wearied Lewis the 14th of his life The first signal Action of his Administration was the reliefe of Rocroy which Don Francisco de Mello a Portuguese then Governour after the death of the Cardinal Infanta of the Low Countries under the Spanish obedience went to besiege with a gallant Army but having declared the Duke of Albuquerque a Portuguese likenese General of the Horse who was a very young man and raw Souldier the Officers took so much offence thereat that they quarrelled themselves into a discomfiture so that all their Foot were presently worsted and defeated by the Duke of Anguien now Prince of Conde a person that could not would not be debarred from Military employment and was suffered to run his venturous fate in this service for other guesse effects then a braving Experience which after wards threatned the Fortunes of this Great Cardinal This Victory was very great and most opportune to ingratiate His Administration with the people which voyced up likewise his favourite General or Marshall Gassion a Protestant besides who after took in Theonville Of whom further This successe was also the more officious to him for that it removed the said Francisco de Mello from the government of the low Countries the Marquess Casiel-Rodrigo being substituted thereto till the arrival of the Arch-Duke Leopold from Germany as if Fortune intimated that other Ministers of State were inferiour to his Eminence and could not consist nor stand with his insuperable Policy and felicity of Government His aims were no less upon Germany pursuing the old League with the Swedes then on Flanders though with different successe For the remainders of the Duke of Saxon Weymars Army being recruited and reinforced by the French marched towards Bavaria intending to swallow that Dutchy but here fortune faltered for the Duke of Ioram and John de Wert accompanied by the Baron of Mercy the Bavarian General so