Reprisals or suffered any Proceedings against the Ships so stopt till we had a full Assurance that de Ruiter had put in execution the said Orders by the taking or several of our Subjects and of their Ships and Merchandizes Finding at present bv these new Offences and Attempts and by the Advices we have received of their Preparations for War and of their granting out Letters of Reprisal against our Subjects that our over-great Indulgence and all the other Remedies employed by us to induce them to entertain a true Amity with us have been ineffectual seeing they are resolved by Force of Arms to maintain their unjust Attempts we therefore have thought fit with the Advice of our Privy Council to testifie and declare to the Face of the whole Earth That the said States are the Aggressors and ought justly to be acknowledged such by all the World so that our Fleets and Ships as well as all other Ships that shall receive Commissions from our well-beloved Brother the Duke of York Lord High Admiral of England shall have Right and may by vertue of them Fight Take and make themselves Masters of all the Ships Vessels and Effects belonging to the Subjects or the Vnited Provinces or to them that shall be bound for their Country We also expresly forbid all our Subjects as we likewise advertise all other Persons of what Nation soever they be to carry or Transport any Soldiers Arms Powder Ammunition or other contraband Merchandizes into the Lands Countries Plantations or Provinces belonging to the said States for that such things when taken shall be adjudged good Prize And further we declare That every Ship of what Nation soever it be that shall be found to have on Board her any Effects Merchandises or any number of Persons belonging to the United Provinces or their Subjects shall be declared good Prize with her Lading Also That all the Effects and Merchandises of what Nation soever they be whether they belong to us or Foreigners it matters not which shall be found in any Ships belonging to the States or to any of their Subjects they all shall be declared good Prize unless the said Ships be provided with good Pass-ports granted to them by us or our Dear Brother And that this our Declaration may be publick and all the World may have perfect Knowledge of it our Will and Pleasure is That this present Declaration be publisht with all the usual formalities as it ought to be c. As soon as this Declaration appeared the States sent Copies of it into all the Courts of Europe which they directed to their Ministers there to present them to all the several Princes and Powers and to make them take notice at the same time what Losses and Damages they must expect from such a Declaration by the Interruption of their Commerce since by that not only the Merchandizes which should be found on Board the Dutch Ships were to be declared good Prize but also all the Vessels belonging to them if they were laden with Dutch Commodities or if they had on board them any of the Subjects of the Vnited Provinces The French and those of Hamburg and Ostend sufficiently felt the Effects of it since many of them tho' they were going toward Neuter-Places were seized and carried into the Ports of England from whence they were not released till a long time after and with much Difficulty and after great Expences The War then being declared the English Navy Royal under the command of the Duke of York consisting of above 100 Sail of Men of War great and small set sail the first Day of May and two Days after arrived before the Texel a little too soon and before it was well compleat The cause of that great Precipitation was a false piece of News sent to White-hall by the Earl of Ossory Son to the Duke of Ormond Vice-Roy of Ireland That a certain Bark had discovered behind Hitland a Fleet of 60 Sail which they thought at first to be de Ruiter's Fleet with some Prizes but on the 8th of the same Month the English Fleet was saluted with a violent Tempest in wnich some of their Ships were scattered and others very much damnified So that seeing de Ruiter appeared not they were forced to return back into their own Ports without having made any other Progress than the taking of 7 Ships laden with Wine with another Ship that served them for Convoy an English Prize taken by the Hollanders near the Caâ—ibee Islands and a Ship of Lisbon But the Men of War that were their Convoy being nimble Sailers escaped by the Favour of the Night Whilst the English were busie in repairing the Damages done to their Fleet by the ill Weather the Zealand Fleet consisting of 31 Men of War having set sail the 22d of May at break of Day joyned that of Holland under the Command of Lieutenant-Admiral Opdam After which junction the whole Fleet kept on their Course being composed of 103 Men of War 7 Yachts 11 Fire-ships and 12 Galliots carrying 4869 Guns and 21631 Men and was divided into 7 Squadrons The first was under the Conduct of Admiral Opdam Vice-Admiral Vander Hulst and Rear-Admiral de Graaf The second was commanded by Admiral John Evertsz Vice-Admiral de Liesde and Rear-Admiral Cornelius Evertsz The third was under the Command of Admiral Kortenaar Vice-Admiral Schey and Rear-Admiral Marceveld The fourth was under the Conduct of Admiral Stellingwerf Vice-Admiral Koenders and Rear-Admiral Bruensveld The fifth was under the Command of Admiral Cornelius Tromp of Vice-Admiral Koeverden and of Rear-Admiral P. Salomonsz The sixth was commanded by Admiral C. Evertsz Vice-Admiral Bankert and Rear-Admiral Bronsaart And lastly the seventh was under the Conduct of Admiral Schram Vice-Admiral Staghouwer and Rear-Admiral Hourtuin That Fleet one of the finest and most formidable that ever appeared on the Northern Seas seized and took soon after about 20 English Ships the News of which coming to London put the Merchants almost out of their Wits for Vexation Which made double Care and Diligence be used in Pressing of Men and arming out the English Fleet so that at length it put to Sea again consisting of 107 Men of War and of 14 Fire-ships or Advice-Yachts and was divided into 3 Squadrons Whereof the first under a Red Flag was commanded by the Duke of York Pen and Lawson The second being the White Squadron was under the Conduct of Prince Robert Mings and Samson And the third being the Blue Squadron was commanded by the Earl of Sandwich Cuttins and Sir George Ayschew The Two Fleets were not long before they engaged in a Battle that was cruel and bloody of which these were the principal Circumstances On the 8th of June the English Fleet A Fight between the Duke of York and Admiral Opdam being refitted put to Sea a second time unmoored from Gunfleet Bay near Harwich and came to an Anchor in Southwold Bay as well to take in a new Supply of Provisions as
to be nearer hand to observe the Dutch Fleet that was expected on the English Coasts The Wind being easterly the English kept during the Night before Alborough at about 5 Miles distance from the Shore about Midnight the Duke of York received Advice That the Dutch Fleet steering towards the South-east was making directly up to him and was not above 6 Miles from him upon which News the English made all their loaden Ships retire towards the Shore and the Dutch on their side endeavoured to get the Weather-gage The 12th of the same Month the Wind being at East the Dutch were at about 5 Miles Distance from the English to the South-eastward and then the Wind turning to the South-west continued so all Night and the two Fleets met before Laystoff at about 8 Miles distance from the English Shore That Night a Dutch Fire-ship took Fire by the Imprudence of him that commanded it who was got drunk which Accident the English took for a happy Presage of Victory to them However the Dutch Fleet in spite of the Disadvantage of the Wind of which the English were Masters during the whole Fight fell upon Prince Robert's Squadron that was backt by Vice-Admiral Mings The Duke of York's Squadron formed the main Battle and that of the Earl of Sandwich made up the Rear The Battle begun at 3 in the Morning Admiral Opdam vigorously broke through Prince Robert's Squadron being followed by Lieutenant Admiral Kortenaar Lieutenant Admiral John Evertsz Vice-Admiral Cornelius Tromp Stellingwerf Bastian Senten c. The two Fleets engaged in streight Lines without throwing themselves into Crescents and so reciprocally broke through one another remaining still in Presence one of the other without rallying presently to make a fresh Charge The Wind was West and the English were towards the North-west and the Dutch to the South-westward the two Fleets broke through one another the second time at 6 in the Morning And because the Duke of York's Squadron kept still the Weather-gage without engaging in Fight it was impossible for the Dutch to win that Advantage from them but it fared not in the like manner with that of Prince Robert which was broken through by the Hollanders But the two Fleets having till then done nothing but canonaded one another afar off at length the Earl of Sandwich advancing about one in the Afternoon separated the Dutch Fleet in two and then the two Fleets coming to a closer Fight and firing at one another very fiercely Admiral Opdam boarded the Royal Charles in which was the Duke of York in Person and those two Admirals thundred at one another so furiously with continual Broad-sides that the Earl of Falmouth and the Lord Muskerry and Mr. Boyle and some of that Princes Footmen were killed by the Duke of York's Side and he himself was slightly wounded in the Hand which was dyed with the Blood of Mr. Boyle and just then as they were distributing the Cartridges in Admiral Opdam's Powder-room an unlucky Shot coming as is said from a small English Ship Admiral Opdum blown up commanded by one Smith afterwards Sir Jeremy Smith who in that nick of Time seeing the Duke's Danger had unperceivedly stole under the Dutch Admiral 's Side set Fire to his Powder and blew him up in a moment with all his Men excepting only 5 about 3 in the Afternoon Mr. Opdam had not as yet been wounded when this fatal Disaster happened to him but he perished on that unhappy occasion However the Hull of his Ship after having floated some time was towed off into the Vlie This sudden and unexpected Loss of Admiral Opdam put the Hollanders in a great Consternation and extremely raised the Courage and Hopes of the English and that so much the more because till then the Victory seemed to waver and to be uncertain for which Side to declare And that dismal Accident was soon followed by a second for 3 Dutch Men of War viz. the Marsseveen commanded by Captain Reus the Tergoes by Captain the Kruining and Swanenburg by Captain Kuiper happened to be intangled together so strongly and the two latter imprudently falling foul upon the Prow of the Marsseveen engaged themselves so fast to her Fore-mast that it was impossible to part them tho' 200 of their Seamen did all they could with their Axes to do it which Disorder being perceived by the English they resolving not to lose the Opportunity of making their Advantage of it immediately detacht away a Fireship to burn them which accordingly fastning upon the Tergoes and Swanenburg both new-built Ships presently set them on Fire and the Flames swiftly passing to the Marsseveen reduced them all three to Ashes At which Disaster the Seamen leapt all into the Sea and the Fire soon after gaining to their Powder the 3 Ships were blown up into the Air. Captain Reus leapt into a Boat but yet could not save himself In the mean while at that Spectacle the English cry'd out You Rogues you Fellows you must be killed The Master George Thomas with some others that could swim saved themselves in a deserted Boat and got to Scheveling At the beginning of the Fight Tromp being seconded by the Captains Tierk Hâ—ddes and Swart so miserably battered the English Ship called the Charity Captain Wilkinson Commander that soon after she became an easie Prey to Captain Haan and 90 of her Seamen leaping into a Long-boat were afterwards conducted to Harwich In the mean time the Duke of York observing that some Dutch Ships made shew as if they had no great Stomach to come on to charge again sent Lawson with some English Men of War to attack them but he found so much Resistance from them that having one of his Knees all shattered to pieces he was carried to Shore and died Bastian Senten that commanded the Ship called the Orange finding himself alone among the Enemies fought with all the Bravery imaginable For he had the Courage to board the Mountague and took her and pulling down her blue Flag he put up the Princes Flag in stead of it which he kept up above an Hour according to the faithful Report of all that were Spectators of so bold an Action But the Mountague was afterwards regained by the Royal James of the White Squadron where the Earls of Marlborough and Portland lost their Lives And at last the Orange after she had signalized herself against Captain Smith that commanded the Mary was burnt and blown up and her Captain Bastian Senten died of his Wounds Admiral John Evertsz stoutly attacked the Ships Speaker and Charles that seconded the Duke of York and did them very much damage and the Admiralship it self commanded by the Duke of York was very near being burnt by a Fireship had she not by a dextrous and nimble turn avoided it Captain Koenders likewise fought with much undauntedness as did also Stellingwerf This latter had his Body cut off in the middle with a Cannon Bullet Lieutenant-Admiral Kortenaar said at the
assistance and he was already in an extream impatience to see him and comforted up his discouraged Seamen with the hopes of seeing themselves soon delivered by that Great man And as soon as Tromp saw de Ruiter appear his joy was extream so that he cried out Courage my lads see there 's the best of our friends that is advancing and coming to our assistance and I likewise will never desert him neither so long as I live De Ruiter accompanied with Lieutenant Admiral Bankert and his Squadron broke then through the Enemies Squadrons and delivered him with as much zeal as fidelity which promised hopefully that the Reconciliation of those two great men would for the future continue firm and inviolable On the 12 of June the fleet was sufficiently repaired and in a condition to attack the Enemies again when de Ruiter presently called a Council of War in which it was Resolved that since there was no further Reinforcement to be expected from the Country and that on the contrary the English were to receive one with the first Westerly Wind it was better to prevent them by attacking them first unless they received Orders to the contrary from the States That all things should be got ready for that effect against the 14th to endeavour by the protection of God to chase them off the Sea Accordingly they Ordered the whole fleet to be divided into three Squadrons The first was composed of 17 men of War 2 frigats 8 fire-ships and 5 Advice-Yachts under the Command of Admiral de Ruiter Lieutenant Admiral Van Nes Vice-Admiral de Liefde and Rear Admiral Van Nes the second was also composed of 17 men of War 2 frigats 8 fire-ships and 6 Advice Yachts under the Conduct of Lieutenant Admiral Bankert Vice Admiral Evertsz and Rear-Admiral Dik Lastly the third was Commanded by Lieutenant Admiral Tromp Vice Admiral Sweers and Rear Admiral de Haan and consisted likewise of 17 men of War 3 Frigats 8 Fire-ships and 5 Advice Yachts The same day the resolution was taken to attack the Enemies the Deputies of the States Mr. Boetsclaar and Mr. Reigersbergen came on board Admiral de Ruiter and being informed of the design that was projected they approved it Therefore the Signal was given to the whole Fleet to set sail and advance towards the Royal Fleets whose Forces that before the first Fight consisted of 140 Sail were then reduced as was reported among the Dutch to 118 by the Losses they had suffered The Dutch Fleet then weighed Anchor between 11 a Clock at Noon and the English and French Fleet seeing them approach got themselves likewise under Sail and made shew as if they would have stood them and been glad to engage them but as soon as the Dutch begun to come near them and play their Guns at them the Enemies tackt away to the North-west-ward and stood for the Coast of England with all the Sail they could The Dutch Fleet followed them close but could not oblige them to make a stand till about 4 in the Afternoon At that Time Lieutenant Admiral Tromp who commanded the Van-guard engaged with the Blue Squadron commanded by Sir Edward Spragg de Ruiter on his side attacked the Main Battle or Red Squadron commanded by Prince Robert and about 5 a Clock the two Chiefs of the Hostile Fleets were engaged in a very fierce Fight A little while after Lieutenant Admiral Bankert who commanded the Rear fell likewise upon the White Squadron under the Command of the Count d' Estree The Fleets fought a great while and the Fight was very obstinate but as the Royal Fleets had signified at the very first that they had no mind to engage they left off Fighting and dextrously made use of the Advantage of the Wind which they had to retire towards the English Coasts Lieutenant Admiral Tromp was the first and the last in the Fight and the Bravery with which he attacked Admiral Spragg who likewise did Wonders can never be sufficiently admired Among other remarkable things that happened in that last Engagement Vice-Admiral Sweers that commanded a part of Tromp's Squadron being in the Ship called the Elephant a much better Sailer than the Golden Lion in which Tromp was going before him went away so swiftly that the rest of the Ships of his Squadron could not follow him by which means he found himself on a sudden engaged with Spragg and the Vice-Admiral of the English Blue Squadron without any Ships near him to back him but only 3 Frigats commanded by de Jong Hartwich and de Noirot for the other Captains of his Squadron instead of following him as they were obliged to do veered back again towards Lieutenant Admiral Tromp Sweers seeing himself so unexpectedly deserted made all the Resistance he could but after he had born a very fierce Shock he was so terribly shattered by the Ships of the Blue Squadron that he was at last forced to quit the Line of Battle and make off further to Sea to repair his Damages which Conduct of his was interpreted by Tromp to be a piece of Cowardice tho' the Truth was 't was pure Necessity that obliged Sweers to act in that manner Admiral de Ruiter had engaged as we have said with Prince Robert's Squadron and their two Ships having grappled one another fought both very desperately Bankert likewise signalized himself and fought with great Valour against the White Squadron which was very severely handled by him Prince Robert was forced in that Fight to remove out of the Royal Charles that was disabled into the Old Soveraign and then making the best of his way towards England the two Royal Fleets followed him in Disorder In the mean while the Dutch Fleet finding they had the Advantage past that Night in the Place where the Battle was fought with a Resolution to advance the next Day and present a third Battle to the two Royal Fleets in case they would accept it but when Day was come they could see neither English nor French appear but heard they were retired into the Thames Which was a surprizing thing to the Dutch to find that two such powerful Fleets as were the English and French and so much superior to them in Force should so shamefully fly from them But the Cause of it was imputed to the treacherous Conduct of the French and the Animosities of Prince Robert against them on that account and the Hatred he and most of the English then in general bore to that leaguing with a Popish and Dangerous Power against a Protestant State and other Jealousies then reigning concerning the pernicious intrigues then carrying on between the already perverted Duke of York and the French against the English Religion and Constitution which made the Officers and Seamen very cold in prosecuting the then Quarrel against the Dutch in comparison of what they had been in the former Wars However it was when the Dutch saw the Enemies were retreated home they retired likewise and went and anchored
Zealand that they might have opportunity afterwards to execute their great design which was a descent And in effect they were not deceived for the next day towards evening the Royal Fleets appeared before the Meuse and a day after before Scheveling At that motion of theirs all Holland was in an alarm for fear the Enemies should enter into the heart of the Country to waste and destroy it and therefore in order to oppose them all the Companies of the Burghers of the Hague and of Delft and all the peasants of the villages round about were Commanded to march with all haste towards the Coasts Cannon was likewise sent down thither to furnish sufficient batteries of defence About 11 a Clock before noon 6 or 7 light Frigats approacht so near the Coasts by favour of the Tide that the Dutch on shore begun to play their Cannon at them which the English answered with the like but without doing much mischief After that the Enemies made off again into the main Sea and shew'd themselves the same day in the afternoon near Zandvoort and de Wikopzee about three miles from the shore and sending up 2 Frigats near to this last place they battered it for some time with their Guns The next day they appeared likewise before Egmond and Petten and lastly before Helder and the Texel The Prince of Orange hearing at the Army which was encampt at Ramsdonk that the Enemies Fleets hovered about the Coasts of Holland came with all hast to the Hague where he arrived on the 4th of the month very early in the morning He had ordered his Regiment of Guards and some Horse to follow him in order to relieve the Burghers that had guarded the Coasts of Scheveling under the Conduct of the Duke of Holstein The Prince of Waldee likewise came to the Brill at the same time to give the necessary orders there and General Wirtz was sent to Walcheren to look after the preservation of that post The Prince of Orange after he had been at several conferences held concerning the affairs of the Land Army went down to the Fleet to give likewise his orders there and he no sooner entred on board Admiral de Ruiter but they saluted him with 13 Guns in acknowledgment of the honour of his presence after which he assisted at the Council of War where it was resolved Battle should be given the Enemies as soon as it was possible in hopes thereby to force them at least to quit the Coasts and Harbours of the United Provinces Those Resolutions being taken his Highness represented to every one their duty and what great necessity there was in so pressing an occasion to fight courageously for the Honour and Interest of their Country That done he left the Fleet with the acclamations of the Seamen who cried out Long live the Prince and returned back towards the Hague The Dutch Fleet without any further delay weighed Anchor the very next day and steered away directly towards the Texel where the Royal Fleets were but by reason of contrary winds they could not get up with the Enemies Fleet till the 20th A third fi ht The next day in the morning the fight begun which proved one of the most furious and bloody ones that ever was recorded in History and that ever was fought upon the Ocean The Dutch having got the Weather gage in the night fell upon the Enemies about the break of day Lieutenant Admiral Tromp had the van-guard de Ruiter Commanded the main Battle and Bankert the Rear About half an hour after 7 the Royal Fleets made a motion to attack the Hollanders De Ruiter upon that presently gave a signal and made his Squadrons make another motion to preserve the advantage of the Weather-gage and to prevent the Enemies attack by attacking them first By that motion Bankert's Squadron that had the Rear before came to have the Van de Ruâ—ter's Squadron was still in the main Battle and Tromp's in the Rear About half an hour after 8 Bankert fell upon the Count d' Estree's Squadron which had the Van of the Royal Fleets de Ruiter attack'd Prince Robert's Squadron and Tromp the Blue one Commanded by Sir Edward Spragg Then the fight was general The French desert the English and the two contending Fleets were throughly engaged However the French excepting only Rear Admiral Martel who fought with all the bravery imaginable shew'd by their Conduct that their design was to husband and spare their forces and according to the opinion of most knowing men it was presumed the Count d' Estree tho' he made a shew of fighting bravely for a time had secret orders from his Master to act in that manner so that about 11 a Clock they very fairly made a tack about to the East-ward and stood off to the Wind-ward where they remained malicious spectators of the rest of the fight Admiral de Ruiter being engaged with Prince Robert those two Admiral 's and their Squadrons fought most desperately Lieutenant Admiral Bankert seeing the French were gone off thought not fit to pursue them any longer for fear of being drawn away too far off from the main of the Dutch Fleet but veered back towards the main Battle and went to the assistance of Admiral de Ruiter Prince Robert seeing the main force of the Hollanders falling upon him and that the French had left him in the Lurch and would not come in to his assistance to enable him to dispute the victory and being almost overwhelmed he and his by the furious firing of two entire Dutch Squadrons thought it time to provide for his and their safety by a prudent retreat and so steered away to the West-ward with all the sail he could make and quitted the fight leaving the advantage and claim of Victory to the Hollanders and was pursued by de Ruiter Van Nes and Bankert till two a Clock in the afternoon In the mean while the English Blue Squadron and that of Lieutenant Admiral Tromp having made a tack to the North in fighting were already gotten to such a distance from the main of their Fleets that they were out of sight Admiral de Ruiter fearing Tromp might be in danger thought fit to go and seek him out in order to assist him And accordingly he advanced with his own and Bankert's Squadron that way Prince Robert observing the motion made by de Ruiter begun to be in as much fear for Spragg as de Ruiter was in for Tromp And therefore without any further hesitation he ordered his Squadron to make the same motion as his Enemy that he might follow him the Count de Estree with his Squadron followed him but yet neither of them thought good to come near the Hollanders any more for fear of being obliged to come to a fresh engagement with them and therefore they prudently kept at a distance out of the reach of Cannon-shot The terrible and fatal fight beween Tromp and Spragg In the mean while Tromp and
of the King of Spain of the States General and of his Highness the Prince of Orange after which he returned to the Town On the 31st Admiral Tromp and all the General Officers of the Fleet were received at Cadiz with all imaginable Honours For the Governour came on Foot followed by his Coach and conducted him to his Palace where he was treated with much Magnificence which was further exprest by the Discharge of all the Cannon after which he went to the Dutch Consuls where he was likewise received with great Honour and returned the same Evening on Board the Admiral-Ship On the 11th of the Month of August the Count de Ho n don Bernardo de Salinas and Mr. de Sommersdyk went to Madrid where they were received by the Queen of Spain with great Marks of Friendship The Subject of their Journey was to confer with the chief Ministers of that Crown and to concert with them what was most adviseable for the Fleet to attempt against the Coast of Provence On the 1st of September they returned again to Cadiz and were received there with all the Honours that could be exprest On the 5th there were publick Rejoycings and Bonefires were made all over the Town and a great Number of Candles put up in Lanthorns in every Ship in the Fleet to celebrate the Victory obtained at Seneffe by the Prince of Orange which in the Darkness of the Night made the most delightful Spectacle in the World Several whole Rounds of Cannon both from the Castles and Fleet likewise discharged which loudly proclaimed the Universal Joy conceived at those early and hopeful Successes of the Prince On the 6th the Dutch Smirna Fleet arrived in the Grand Fleet and on the 7th they weighed Anchor and past the Straits in the Night with Design to advance higher into the Mediterranean but the Approach of the Winter and some contrary Orders Tromp received broke off the Designs that had been projected to be put in Execution there which obliged Tromp to quit the Mediterranean on the 1st of November from whence on the 4th of December he arrived at the Texel After that Expedition the Fleet disarmed The Reputation Tromp had gained in the World was then so great that he was lookt upon to be the greatest Man at Sea of his Time And the King of England himself had conceived so much Esteem for him The King of England invites Tromp to the English Court. that he passionately desired to see him and for that Effect gave Order to the Earls of Arlington and Ossory who had been some while at the Hague To desire him on his part to be pleased to pass the Seas and to go and stay some Weeks at the Court of England Tromp accordingly disposed himself to answer the Honour done him by that Prince and on the 12th of January set Sail with 3 Yachts that waited for him at his Departure he was saluted with several Guns as well from the Brill as from the Yachts appointed for his Transportation The Prince of Orange in Person accompanied him as far as the Brill and gave him all the imaginable Marks of the high Esteem he had conceived of his great Merit On the 16th of the Month he arrived at London The Duke of York Dukes of Monmouth and Buckingham with all the Grandees of the Kingdom went to meet him and did him the greatest Honours imaginable The Curiosity of the People of England was so great to see him That the Streets were so thronged with People that there was hardly any passing And appearing once at the Royal Exchange there presently crowded in such a Multitude of People that the Change as spacious as it was was not able to contain them The King of England to Honour the Virtue and Worth of one of the Greatest men at Sea that ever Holland bred Tromp made a Baron by the King of England tho' he had been his Enemy and had gotten most of his Reputation in Sea-Battles fought between the English and Dutch Fleets would needs however raise him to the quality of a Baron and make it Hereditary to his Family so that in default of Heirs male it should fall to his Brother Harpetsz Tromp Burger Master of Delft and after him to his issue male and upon failure of them to his third Brother Adrian Tromp a Captain of a Ship in the Service of the States General And accordingly Letters Patents were immediately expedited for that effect by the Lord High Chancellour of the Kingdom after which Tromp took his leave of his Majesty who presented him at parting with his picture enricht with Diamonds and so departed towards the end of February and returned to Holland The French King finding himself deserted by his own Allies the Electour of Cologne A new War in the North. and Bishop of Munster who after the Example of England had made likewise a separate Peace with the United Provinces used all his Artifices to procure some new Alliances by which he might attain his end which was to be able to Revenge himself upon those who had left him so unexpectedly in the Lurch His Quick-scented Policy presently suggested to him that if he could find means to kindle a War between the Potentates of the North his work were done and he would thereby give a powerfull diversion to the arms of those Princes that were come in to the assistance of the Hollanders The Court of Swedeland seemed to him the most proper to be wrought upon to favour his enterprizes because of the long Alliance that had been between that Crown and France Mr. de Fenquieres was therefore dispatcht away in quality of Ambassadour Extraordinary from the most Christian King to the Crown of Swedeland and so prevailed by his sollicitations upon the corrupt Ministers there and the young experienced easy King that he perswaded them to a Rupture so that General Wrangel drawing together the Swedish Army in Pomerania fell suddenly upon the Territories of the Electour of Brandenburg and was so successfull at his first on-set that he soon gained the passes of Lokkowits Zedenik and Bernaw and made himself Master of Landsbergen of the new and old Rupin and of Kopenigh Upon the news of which sudden Progress the Electour of Brandenburg justly fearing the Swedes if not timely and vigorously opposed might push their successes much further and at length strip him of all his Dominions went in all haste to the Hague where in the month of May an Alliance was concluded between the King of Denmark the Electour of Brandenburg the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg and the United Provinces by which all those powers engaged themselves mutually to assist each other against the arms of France and Swedeland and amongst other things it was stipulated that the States for their part should Equip out 9 men of War to be sent into the Sound into the Service of the Electour of Brandenburg On the 18th of June following the States declared open