Points and Articles therein contained and declared have for our Selves our Heirs Successors Kingdoms Countries Lands Lordships and Subjects accepted approved ratified and confirmed and do accept approve ratifie and confirm the same and do promise upon the Word and Faith of a King to keep and observe the whole inviolably without ever acting to the Contrary directly or indirectly in any sort or kind whatsoever and thereto we oblige and mortgage all and every our Goods that are or shall be In witness whereof we have Signed these Presents with our own Hand and have made our Seal to be set thereto Given at St. Germain en Laye Aug. 18. in the Year of Grace 1678. and of our Reign the 36th Signed Lewis By the King And underneath Arnauld The ARTICLE concerning the Prince of Orange AS in pursuance of the War which for some Years has happened betwixt the most Christian King and the States-General of the Vnited-Provinces of the Low-Countries his Majesty caused to be seized all Things belonging to the Prince of Orange as well the Principality of Orange as other his Lands and Seignories lying in France and granted the Revenues thereof to Monsieur the Comte d' Auvergne who enjoys the same at present and since by the Grace of God a Peace is settled by the Treaty this Day concluded and so all the angry Effects of War ought to cease his Majesty hath promised to the said Prince and doth promise by this separate Act that immediately after the Ratifications exchanged his Majesty will take off the said Seisure and cause the said Prince to be restored to the Possession of the said Principality and of the Lands which belong to him in France Franche Comte Charleroy Flanders and other Countries depending upon his Majesty's Rule and to all his Rights Actions Privileges Usages and Prerogatives in such Estate and Manner as he enjoyed the same till he was dispossess'd by reason of the present War Nimeguen Aug. 10. in the Year of our Lord 1678. Marshal D'Estrades Colbert De Mesmes H. Beverning W. de Nassaw W. Haren WE well liking the separate Article aforesaid in all and and every Point thereof have by these Presents Signed with our Hand allowed approved and ratified and do allow approve and ratifie the same promising upon the Faith and Word of a King to fulfil observe and cause to be observed the same truly and faithfully without suffering any Thing to be acted directly or indirectly to the Contrary thereof for any Cause or upon any Occasion whatsoever In witness whereof we have Signed these Presents with Our Hand and have caused Our Seal to be put therto Given at St. Germain in Laye Aug. 18. in the Year of Grace 1678. and of our Reign the 36th Signed Lewis By the King And underneath Arnauld The Day after the Signing of this Peace came over the Ratification of the late Treaty between the King and States with Orders to Sir Will. Temple to proceed forthwith to see the Exchange of them which he did accordingly tho' after the Counter-pace made by the Dispatch sent by De Cross and the Consequences of it the same seemed now as unnecessary as it had been at first unresolved at the English Court and unexpected by the Dutch who many of them now were as unsatisfied with the Peace and especially with the Precipitation of Monsieur Beverning to Sign it upon the sudden Offer of the French Ministers to evacuate the Towns and before he had acquainted the States with it and received new Orders thereupon as the generality of that Nation were weary of the War but the Thing was done and after some Contestation the City of Amsterdam declaring her Approbation of it the rest of the Provinces came soon to acquiesce also in the same But while these Matters were transacted in the Cabinet there was a Work of another nature undertaken in the Field Mons had been straitly Blocked up for some time by the French Army under the Command of the Duke of Luxemburg who was so confident of the good Posture he was in that he sent the Mareschal d' Estrades one of the French Plenipotentiaries at Nimeguen word He was so Posted that if he had but 10000 Men and the Prince of Orange 40000 yet he was sure he could not be Forced whereas he took his Army to be stronger than that of the Prince But the Prince for all that and in spight of many Disadvantages from an Army drawn so suddenly together so hasty a March as that of the Dutch and Posts taken with so much Force and Fortified with so much Industry did upon Sunday the 17th of Aug. in the Morning Decampt with his own and the Confederate Armies from Soignes marched towards Roches and from thence resolved to advance towards the Enemy whose Right Wing was Posted at the Abby of St. Dennis and the Left at Mamoy St. Pierre with such advantage of Situation that they were almost thought unaccessible for besides the Woods there was only a Precipice led to them and that by narrow Paths About 12 the Cannon began to play upon St. Dennis and the Prince went to Dinner in the open Field just as the Duke of Monmouth arrived in the Camp when Dinner was ended the Battalions under the direction of Count Waldeck began to act on the side of the Abby and about 3 in the Afternoon made their Attack the Prince himself being there present and that with extraordinary Bravery all the Regiments of his Left Wing seconding one another in excellent Order In the mean time the Spanish Troops under the Command of the Duke de Villa Hermosa acted on the side of Chasteau being assisted by the Prince's Guards who had the Van and the English and Scots Troops Commanded by the brave Earl of Ossory The Action lasted from 3 in the Afternoon till 9 at Night during which the Prince rid toward Chasteau where the Dispute was likewise very sharp the Guards behaving themselves with extraordinary Vigour and the Earl of Ossory with his Troops doing Wonders The Prince himself was Ingaged among the foremost of the French who on such an occasion were not well to be distinguished from the Confederate Troops and Monsieur Overkirk shot a French Commander who attackt his Highness At last after a great Slaughter on both sides the Confederates remained Masters of St. Dennis Abby having thought fit to quit the Post at Chasteau by reason of the great difficulty they found to second their Attacks on that side The Duke of Luxemburg finding how things went on his side thought fit to Retire in the Night leaving his Dead many Wounded his Tents c. behind him and the Prince next Morning went to view the Camp the Enemy had Abandoned taking up his Quarters at the Abby of St. Dennis where the Duke of Luxemburg had had his the Day before But Advice of Signing of the Peace coming to the Prince next Morning from the States hindred the prosecution of this Advantage which
our Reasons may appear both now and for the future in the Acts of the present Negotiation We the Embassadors and Plenipotentiaries whose Names are underwritten earnestly desire their Excellencies the Embassadors Mediators that this our Remonstrance may be inserted in their Protocol or Register and that they may have an Act given 'em to confirm the presenting it Protesting also at the same time that their Masters are no less Zealous for the Peace then the rest of the Princes of Europe and that it is great Grief to 'em that they cannot sign in their Master's Name by reason of a Difficulty that was no way foreseen The Embassadors and Plenipotentiaries here present have sign'd the present Declaration and thereto fix'd their Seals in the Names of the Electors Princes and States of the Sâ—cred Roman Empire of the Confession of Auspurg who sent us their Deputies to the Treaty of Peace At the Hague 15th October 4 November 1697. In the Name of the Elector of Saxony Christopher Dieteric Bose the Younger Dutchy of Deux Ponts George Frederick de Snoilsky Saxon Gota Adolph Christian Aveman Duke of Brunswick Zell E. Klinggraffe Landtgrave of Hesse-Cassel William Vultesius Elector of Brandenburgh W. de Schmettau N. E. L. B. de Dankâ—lman Duke of Sauon Coburg Henry Richard L. B. de Hagen Margrave of â—â—â—eith E. L. B. de Stein Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbutel John William de Mansberg Dutchy of Holstein Gluckstar Dethlevus Nicholus de Lewencron But to return the Conferences still continued at Ryswick and all things were agreed on by the 30th of Oct. and the Treaty Signed then being Two Days before the time limitted by France to accept of her Offers The Articles were to this purpose IN the Name of the most Holy Trinity Amen Be it known unto All and every One that a cruel War attended with the Effusion of much Christian Blood and the Devastation of several Provinces having been waged for some Years last past between the most Serene and most Puissant Prince and Lord Leopâ—ld elected Emperour of the Romans always August King of Germany Hungary Bohemia of Dalmatia Croatia and Sclavonia Archduke of Austriâ— Duke of Burgundy Brabant Stiria Carinthia and Carniola Marquiss of Moravia Duke of Luxemburg of the Upper and Lower Silesia of Wirtemberg and of Teckay Prince of Suabia Counâ— of Habâ—bourg of Tyrol Kybourg and Goritia Marquiss of the Sacred Roman Empire Burgaw of the Upper and Lower Lusatia Lord of the Sclavonian Marches of Port-Naon and Salins c. and the Sacred Roman Empire on one part and the most Serene and most Puissant Prince and Lord Lewis XIV the most Christian King of France and Navarre on the other part Now his Imperial Majesty and his most Christian Majesty having most seriously apply'd themselves to terminate and put an end as soon as possible to those Mischiefs that daily encreas'd to the Ruine of Christendom by the Divine Assistance and by the Care of the most Serene and most Puissant Prince and Lord Charles XI King of Swedeland Goths and Vandâ—ls Grand Prince of Finland Duke of Scania Esthonia Livonia of Carelia Bremen Perden of Stetin Pomerania Cassubia and Vandalia Prince of Râ—gâ—n and Lord of Ingria and Wismar Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Juliens Câ—â—ves and Bergues of Illustrious Memory who from the very beginning of these Commotions did not cease effectually to sollicit the Christian Princes to Peace and afterwards having been accepted as Universal Mediator never desisted gloriously to labour even to his dying Day to procure the same with all imaginable speed having to this purpose appointed and settled Conferences in the Palace of â—yswick in Holland and after his Decease the most Serene and most Puissant Prince and Lord Câ—arles XII King of Sweden Goths and Vandâ—ls Grand Prince of 〈◊〉 Duke of Scania Esthonia of Livonia Carelia Bremen of Ferden Stetin Pomerania Cassubia and of Vandalia Prince of Rugen Lord of Ingria and of Wismar Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Juliers Cleves and Bergues Inheriting from his Royal Father the same longing Desire and Earnestness to procure the publick Tranquility and the Treaties having been brought to their perfection by the foresaid Conferences the Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries lawfully appointed and established by both Parties being met to this effect at the aforesaid place that is to say on the Emperor's part the most Illustrious and most Excellent Lords the Sieur Dominic Andrew Kaunitz Count of the Holy Roman Empire Hereditary Lord of Austerlitz of Hungarischbord Marischpruss and Orzechan the Great Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece intimate Councellor of State to his Sacred Imperial Majesty Chamberlain and Vice-Chancellour of the Holy Empire the Sieur Henry John Stratman Sieur de Puerbach Count of the Holy Roman Empire Lord of Oâ—th Schmiding Spatenbrun and Carlsberg Imperial Aulique Councellor Chamberlain to his Sacred Imperial Majesty and the Siuer John Frederick free and noble Baron of Seilern Imperial Aâ—lique Councellor to his Sacred Imperial Majesty and one of the Plenipotentiaries in the Imperial Diets And on the part of his Sacred most Christian Majesty the most Illustrious and most Excellent Lords the Sieur Nicholas Augustâ—â— de Harlay Knight Lord of Boneuil Count of Cely Ordinary Councellor to the King in his Council of State The Sieur Lewis Verjus Knight Ordinary Councellor to the King in his Council of State Count de Crecy Marquiss of Freon Baron of Couvay Lord of Boulay of the two Churches of Fort-Isle and other places together with the Sieur Francis de Callieres Lord of Callieres of Rochechellay and Gigny By the Mediation and Intercession of the most Illustrious and most Excellent Lords the Sieur Charles Bonde Count de Biornoo Lord of Hesleby Tyres Toftaholm of Graffteen Gustavusberg and of Rezitza Councellor to his Majesty the King of Sweden and President of the supreme Senate of Dorpat in Livonia and of the Sieuâ— Nicholas free Baron of Lillierooâ— Secretary of State to his Majesty the King of Sweden and Extraordinary Ambassador to their High and Mightinesses the States General of the United Provinces both of them Extraordinary Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries for confirming and establishing a General Peace who have faithfully discharg'd their Duty of Mediatorship with Integrity Application and Prudence The Plenipotentiaries of the Electors Princes and deputed States of the Holy Roman Empire being Present Approving and Consenting after the Invocation of God's Holy Name and the Exchange of their full Powers made in due manner and form did agree for the Glory of God's Holy Name and the Welfare of Christendom upon Conditions of Peace and Concord the Tenor whereof is as followeth I. THere shall be a Christian Universal Perpetual Peace and a true Amity between his Sacred Imperial Majesty and his Successors the whole Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdoms and Hereditary States their Vassals and Subjects on the one part It shall be faithfully and sincerely maintain'd so that the one shall not undertake
have enjoyed or may have enjoyed conformable to the Peace of Westphalia so that whatsoever the Crown of France hath hitherto pretended to as to this Dutchy in whole or in part by what Title soever may rightfully return to his Swedish Majesty and to his Heirs as being Counts Palatines of the Rhine There shall in like manner be restored all the Acts Documents Instructions concerning the said Dutchy together with the Artillery that was therein at the time when France seized upon it and all other Things agreed upon in the preceding Articles relating to Restitutions X. As to what concerns the Principality of Veldents and what the late Prince Leopold Lewis Count Palatine of the Rhine hath possest by virtue of the said Principality or of that of Lautrec it shall be restor'd in pursuance to the IV Article and to the Inventory or List exhibited by the Ambassadors of France saving only the Rights of each of the Pretenders as well in regard to the Possessor as to the Claimer XI There shall be restored to Prince Francis Lewis Palatine Great Master of the Teutonick Order and Bishop of Wormes all the Commands wholly without exception taken by France from the said Order and which have been assigned to him or which he hath anciently possest together with the Places Revenues and Rights and the said Order shall enjoy by vertue of the said Commands and Estates situate within the Dominion of France as well in respect of Collation as Administration the same Customs Privileges and Exemptions that it enjoyed heretofore according to its Statutes and Laws and which the Order of St. John of Jerusalem were wâ—nt to enjoy likewise all that hath been decreed in relation to Restitutions of Places Contributions and otherwise shall take place in behalf of the Bishop of Wormes and of other Churches of the said Prince XII There shall be restored to the Elector of Cologne in quality of Bishop and Prince of Liege the Castle and City of Dinant in the same Condition they were in when the French possest themselves of them together with all the Rights and Dependencies and all the Artillery and Instructions that were found therein at that time As for the rest whatsoever hath been determined and regulated in the IVth Article in relation to what hath been taken by Unions and Re-unions shall be look'd upon as repeated in particular in favour of the Churches of Cologne and Liege XIII The Family or House of Wirtemberg and particularly Duke George shall be re-establish'd for him and his Successors with respect to the Principality and County of Monbelliard in the same Condition Rights and Prerogatives and particularly the same immediate Dependence upon the Roman Empire it hath heretofore enjoy'd and which the Princes of the Empire did enjoy or ought to have enjoy'd making void and of none effect all Acknowledgment in quality of Vassal made to the Crown of France in 1681. And they the said Princes shall henceforward freely enjoy all the Revenues that depend upon the said Principality and County as well Secular as Ecclesiastick that they enjoyed before the Peace of Nimeguen as likewise all Fiefs that have been opened in favour of them or which they have made over or granted to others during the Detension of France excepting only the Village of Baldenheim together with the Appurtenances which the Most Christian King hath bestowed on the Commander of Chamlay Camp-Master-General to his Armies which said Donation ought still to subsist yet in such a manner notwithstanding that Homage be paid to the foresaid Duke of Wirtemberg and his Successors as to the direct Lord and that he be oblig'd to beg of him to be invested in it In like manner the said Princes shall be reinstated in the full and free Possession as well of their Inheritance possest in Burgundy of Clereval and Possevant as of the Lordships of Granges Herricourt of Blamont Chatelart and of Clermont and others situate and being in Burgundy and in the Principality of Monbelliard with all their Rights and Revenues intire and just in the same manner as they possest them before the Peace of Nimeguen abolishing totally all that has been done and pretended to the contrary under what Pretence at what Time and after what manner soever it may be XIV In like manner the Marquiss of Baden's Family shall enjoy all the Right and Benefit of the present Treaty and consequently of that of Westphalia and Nimeguen and and more particularly of the Fourth and Fifth Articles of the present Treaty XV. The Princes and Counts of Nassaw of Hanaw and of Leininguen and all other States of the Holy Roman Empire who are to be re-instated by the Fourth Article of this Treaty and others shall likewise be re-instated accordingly in all and several their Estates and Dominions in the Rents and Revenues that depend thereon and in all the other Rights and Benefits of what nature soever they may be XVI And because for the better securing and confirming the Peace it hath been judged meet and expedient here and there to exchange some Countries his Imperial Majesty and the Empire do yield up and grant to his Most Christian Majesty and the Kings his Successors the City of Strasburg and all that depends thereon on the left Hand of the Rhine together with the whole Right Propriety and Sovereignty that have belonged or might have belonged to his said Imperial Majesty and to the Roman Empire till this present time and do all and several of them transfer and make over to his Most Christian Majesty and the Kings his Successors in such sort that the said City with all its Appurtenances and Dependancies situate and being on the left Hand of the Rhine without all Exception with the intire Jurisdiction Superiority and Sovereignty from this very time and for ever shall belong and appertain to His Most Christian Majâ—sty and his Successors and are united to and Incorporated with the Crown of France without any Contradiction on the account of the Emperor Empire or of any other whatsoever and for the greater Confirmation of the said Concession and Allenation the Emperor and Empire do expresly disclaim by vertue of this present Transaction the Decrees Constitutions Statutes and Customs of the Roman Empire even tho' confirm'd by Oath or that may hereafter be confirm'd and particularly the Imperial Capitulation inasmuch as it prohibits all manner of Alienation of the Estates and Rights of the Empire all which they do absolutely and expresly renounce discharging and freeing the said City and all its Magistrates Officers Citizens and Subjects from all their Bonds Oaths and Engagements whereby they have been obliged to the Emperor and Empire and permitting it to take an Oath of Supremacy and Allegiance to the Most Christian King and his Successors and by putting the Most Christian King into full and just property possession and Sovereignty from this very time and for ever renouncing all Rights Pretensions and Claims to the same and being willing to
the Prince and Bishop of Munster L. S. Ferdinand L. B. Plettenberg de Senhausen respectively Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Padorb Munster and Hildes In the Name of the Elector Palatine as Duke of Newbourg L. S. John Henry Hetterman Plenipotentiary In the Name of the Duke of Wirtemberg L. S. John George Noble de Kulpis Knight of the Roman Empire intimate Counsellour of State and Director of the Counsel L. S. Anthony Guntor de Hespen Counsellour in the Supreme Council and Plenipotentiary to the Serene Duke In the Name of the Prince of Baden L. S. Charles Ferdinand L. B. de Plettersdorff Reserve l'Ordre alternatif In the Name of the Abbatial College of Suabia L. S. Joseph Anthony Eusebius de Halden de Neidtborg L. Baron de Antenriedt Plenipotentiary In the Name of the Counts of the Bench of Weteraw L. S. Charles Otton Count de Solms L. S. F. G. de Eclesheim Counsellor of Hannaw and Plentipotentiary In the Name of the Free and Imperial City of Cologne L. S. Herman Joseph Bullingen Burgomaster and Plenipotentiary In the Name of the City of Ausbourg L. S. John Christopher de Dirheim Plenipotentiary In the Name of the Imperial City of Francford L. S. John James Muller Plenipotentiary L. S. John Melchior Lucius Lecturer of Civil and Canon Laws Burgomaster and Plenipotentiary SEPARATE ARTICLE FOR the clearer Explanation of the eighth Article of the Treaty of Peace this Day Signed which Article begins thus All the States possest by the most Christian King shall be restored to the Elector Palatine It hath been thought convenient to resolve over and above that this Order will be observed in the Proposal of the Claims and Rights of Madame the Dutchess of Orleans exhibited against the Elector Palatine at such time as the Arbitrators shall be agreed at the time appointed for the Ratification of the Peace about a Place to meet in this Place shall be notified to each Party The Deputies on the Arbitrators part shall be sent thither within the space of two Months to reckon from the very time the Elector Palatine shall be fully re-established in conformity to the Article above-mention'd In the Month following shall the said Lady Dutchess produce in the same place the whole and intire explanation of her Pretensions or Demands against the Elector which shall be communicated to him within eight Days following There shall be within the space of four Months next ensuing explain'd and delivered to the Deputies of the Lords Arbitrators who shall set down the day that the four Months shall begin the Reasons and Grounds of the two Parties wherof four Copies shall be delivered that is to say one for each Arbitrator and a third to be annext to the common Acts of the Arbitration and a fourth to be interchangeably communicated within seven Days to each Party They shall in like manner answer and four Copies of the Answer of each Party shall be given the same Day to the Envoys of the Lords Arbitrators which shall be once more communicated within seven Days to the Parties interchangeably In the four Months following the Instruction of the Business shall be terminated on each side the Parties shall declare they are willing to submit to the Verdict of the Arbitrators and this conclusion of the Instruction and Commission shall be communicated to the Parties that they may take cognisance of the same and the Deeds shall be Enrolled in presence of the Solicitors of the said Parties After that the Arbitrators and their Deputies who shall have taken an Oath having viewed and examined the Right of the Parties during the space of six Months ensuing shall pronounce their Sentence publickly in the place where the Conference is held according to the Laws and Constitutions of the Empire now if it be found conformable it shall be effectually put in execution but if so be the Arbitrators or their Deputies do not agree in their Verdict the common Acts of the Arbitration shall be conveyed to Rome at the joint Charges of the Parties and that within the space of two Months beginning at the Day next ensuing the Judgment given and shall be delivered to the Pope as Supreme Arbitrator to be committed by him for its Examination within six Months more to Deputies no way suspected by the Parties who shall likewise be sworn and these same upon the former Proceedings it not being allowed to the Parties to draw up a new Declaration of their Titles shall pronounce within the space of six Months next ensuing and as it hath been said conformable to the Laws and Constitutions of the Empire the last Definitive Sentence which cannot be nulled or made void but the Lord Arbitrators shall cause to be executed without any delay or contradiction Now if so be one of the Parties demurr and delay to propound explain and prove his Title and Right within the time required it shall nevertheless be lawful for the other Party to explain and deduce his Title within the time prefixt which may never be prolonged and lawful also for the Arbitrators and Supreme Arbitrator to proceed according to the method just now explain'd and to pronounce and execute their Sentence according to the Acts and Deeds produced and proved Notwithstanding this procedure the Parties themselves and the Lords Arbitrators on their part shall not cease attempting some amicable way of accommodation and shall omit nothing that may any way contribute to the amicable terminating this Affair Since it is also agreed in the Article title of Peace afore cited that till this difference be terminated the Elector Palatine shall Annually pay to Madam the Dutchess of Orleans the Sum of 200000 French Livres or an 100000 Florins of the Rhine they have also agreed in particular as to the payment of the said Sum upon the time when it shall commence that it shall commence only after that according to the Contents of the said Article the States and Places therein specified shall be intirely restored to the Elector And to the end that Madam the Dutchess of Orleans may be the more assured of the payment of the said Sum the Elector shall nominate before the Ratification of the Peace a sufficient number of Renters or Receivers of the Prefectship of Germersheim and other places of the Palatinate that shall undertake to pay the said Sum to the said Lady Dutchess or to those impower'd by her and that every Year at Landaw to wit the moiety every six Months who if they do not keep time shall be lyable to be constrained to the payment by the ordinary course of Justice or if need require by Military execution from the Most Christian King Upon the whole this payment shall be made upon this condition viz. That what shall have been paid by vertue of this Annual Obligation to Madam the Dutchess of Orleans during the Canvassing of the Cause before the Arbitrators shall be in compensation and put upon the accompt of that which the said
the Pretentions of the Count d'Auvergne thereunto demanding That his Marquisate and Town of Bergen-op-Zoom should be restored to all the Rights of Sovereignty which the other Towns of Holland enjoyed conform to the Treaties of the Pacification of Chent The Elector of Brandenburg demanded That France should make Reparation for the Damages his Territories had suffered by the French Forces during the Course of this War That all Security should be given him for the same Territories And that all his Allies should be comprehended in the general Treaty But the French had no Propositions to make to the Elector besides those that were made to the Emperor and the Empire which comprehended the full Performance of the Treaties of Westphalia And as what concerned the Swedes in all the Proposals they made to the Emperor the Kings of Spain and Denmark the States-General and the Elector of Brandenburg besides the Renovation of their former Amity and good Correspondence their whole Demands consisted in the Execution of the Treaties of Westphalia and Copenhagen which in effect contained the Restitution of all that had been taken from that Crown The Duke of Lorrain's Pretensions were also put into the Hands of the Mediators Seal'd as the rest were but they did not open them upon the French his acquainting them That they had not received any Counter-Pretensions from Court in relation to that Duke whereof they believed the Reason to be that no Minister of his had yet appeared at the Congress Tho' another Pretence was afterwards started for the Rejection of the Duke's Offers from the Confederates refusing to admit of the Sieur Duker the Bishop of Strasburg's Envoy into the Assembly whereas the Danes did the same by the Ministers of the Duke of Holstein Gottorp for his being an Ally of Sweden protected by France and so standing dispossess'd by the King of Denmark Indeed their Pretensions against Lorrain had never yet been made since the Death of the late Duke and would have been hard to draw up by the ablest Ministers or Advocates themselves and therefore they thought fit to decline and reserve them for the Terms of a Peace when they should be able to prescribe rather than to treat upon them However they came afterwards to be known and were to this Purpose That as Heir to his Predecessors the Duke hoped from the Justice of the King that he would restore to him the Dutchies of Lorrain and Bar with their Dependencies his Titles Records Movables and Effects taken from him and make Reparation for the Towns Boroughs Castles and Villages that were ruined throughout all his Dominions Neither were the Propositions of the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunemburg made publick because the Ministers of those Princes kept incognito pretending to the Character and Rank of Embassadors But notwithstanding all the Instances that ever they made no Crowned Head would give way to their Demands From all which Proposals put together it easily appeared to the World what wise Men knew before how little Hope 's there were of a Peace from the Motions of this Treaty in the present Circumstances of Affairs and how wholly dependent it seemed to be on the Course and Influence of future Events in the Progress of the War In the mean time the Dutch's Pulse beat high for a Peace notwithstanding the joint Efforts of the Prince of Orange the Pensionary Fagel c. at Home to stave it off in the present Circumstances of it and the former's Endeavours by the Intervention of Sir William Temple to enter into such a Confidence with the King of England his Uncle in relation to it as might bring it about upon better Considerations and with greater Security to the Spanish Netherlands But it was his Misfortune to find little Security or Sincerity on that side and the Project that was sent him from thence gave so little Satisfaction that he resolved rather to continue the War at any rate saying That tho' he expected a very ill Beginning of the Campagne and to make an ill Figure in it himself and to bear the Shame of Faults that others would commit yet if the Emperor performed what he had promised the Campagne would not end as it began that however he was in and must go on and when one is at High Mass one is at it He must stay till it is done because of the Greatness of the Crowd which will not let him get out sooner But how slow soever the Confederates were in the Advances they made towards finishing this Work the French thought fit to quicken them towards the very beginning of the Year by blocking up of Cambray and Valenciennes and having provided sufficient Magazines in the Winter for the Subsistance of their Troops they began to break into Flanders and those Parts of Germany that are on the other side of the Rhine with such Devastations of burning and destroying as not only had not been used by either Party since the Commencement of the War but such as can hardly be parallel'd in History and yet they softned it with the Name of Putting the Frontiers of Germany out of a Condition of being able to furnish Provisions to any great Army with which they were from thence threatned and the Complaints of the Allies to King Charles of this new Manner of making War while a Peace was treating under his Mediation signified just nothing For the Thing was done and their Point was gained which was to prevent the early March of the Germans into Alsatia that would divert those Forces the French resolved to employ this Spring in Flanders before the Dutch could take the Field and march to the Relief of those Places they intended to attack Valenciennes having been for some time blocked up as abovesaid the Trenches were opened before it the 9th of March following the French King being at the Siege in Person and after the usual Approaches there were Orders given to attack the Counterscarp with the two Half-Moons that flanked a Crowned Work and that the Men should make a Lodgment on the Front of that Work which covers another that is before the Gate of the Town But the Troops marching cross those Half-Moons attacked that great Crowned Work both on the Front and â—ides and after some Resistance enter'd it on all Hands slaying 〈◊〉 before them and pursued those that fled so far that they gained the Bridge and Second Work and by a Wicket where they could not pass but singly made themselves Masters of the Town-Gate So that in about half an Hours time that considerable Fortress fell into the French Hands which was on the 17th Eight Days after the opening of the Trenches From hence the King marched with a mighty Army and with one part of it laid Siege to Cambray which after Five Days Trenches open was surrender'd to him upon Articles as the rest of the Spanish Towns had been tho' the Cittadel held out some Days longer While the other part of his Forces under the Command
of his Brother the Duke of Orleans invested St. Omers In the mean time the Dutch having received their Payments due from Spain and finding the French vigorous in the Prosecution of their Designs upon Flanders whilst the Treaty of Peace served only for an Amusement resolved to go on with the War for another Campagne being kept up to this Resolution by the Vigour and Constancy of the Prince of Orange in pressing them to the Observance of their Treaties and pursuit of their Interests in the Defence of the Spanish Netherlands The French had no sooner made a Motion this Season but the Prince prepared to do the same by that of the Dutch Troops and pressed the Spaniards to have theirs in a readiness to join him and with all imaginable Endeavours provided for the Subsistence of his Army in their March through the Spanish Territories which the other took no care of But notwithstanding all the Application that could be used he was not able to come time enough to the Relief either of Valenciennes or Cambray However not to be wanting what in him lay to save the rest he marched with the single Forces of the States and without either Troops or so much as Guides furnished him by the Spaniards directly towards St. Omer bent upon raising the Siege with the Hazard of a Battle tho' labouring under never so many Disadvantages for it which the Duke of Orleans on his part did not decline For having left a few Troops to defend the Trenches he marched with the rest of the Army to meet the Prince and in the way was reinforced by the Duke of Luxemburg with all the Troops the French King could spare out of his Army leaving only enough behind to continue the Siege of the Cittadel of Cambray which was not yet surrender'd Both Armies engaged with a great deal of Bravery at Mount Cassel where after a sharp Dispute the First Regiment of the Dutch Foot began to break and fall into Disorder but the Prince rallied them again several times and renewed the Charge yet he was at last bore down by the plain Hight of his Men whom he was forced himself to resist like Enemies and fall in among them with his Sword in Hand and cutting the first cross over the Face cried aloud Rascal I 'll set a Mark on thee at least that I may hang thee at last But all that ever he could do could not inspire any Courage into his dispirited Countrymen and therefore being forced to yield to the Stream that carried him back to the rest of his Troops which yet stood firm With them and such of the rest as he could gather together he made a Retreat that wanted little of the Honour of a Victory However the natural Consequence of this Battle was the Surrender of St. Omer and the Cittadel of Cambray which happened about the 20th of Apr. and a more eager Desire in the Dutch Provinces after the Conclusion of a Peace seeing they had been left alone by the Spaniards in this Brunt and that they conceived no great Hopes of the Conference that had been held at Wesel between the Elector of Brandenburg the Danish Embassador Pensionary Fagel Admiral Van Trump the Envoys of the Electors of Cologn Treves Palatine of the Princes of Brunswick and Bishop of Munster besides the Duke of Newbourg who was there in Person concerning the Operations of the Campagne on the German side However France observing every Motion both of her Friends and Enemies and more particularly the Temper of the English Parliament who were mightily allarm'd with the Progress of her Arms and had Addressed the King to concert Measures for the Preservation of Flanders had so much regard to the Jealousies raised both in England and Holland of their designing an entire Conquest of the rest of Flanders that the King after having gained those three important Frontier Towns so early in the Spring and dispersed his Army into Quarters of Refreshment went to Dunkirk from whence he sent the Duke of Câ—equi to Compliment Charles II. and to carry him a Letter containing in substance That tho' his willingness to come to a Peace did not at all promote the Conclusion thereof yet he was ready amidst the Prosperities wherewith Heaven was pleased to favour him to agree to a General Truce for some Years as the surest means of restoring Tranquility to Europe in case his Ally the King of Sweden was of the same Mind And seeing he could have no free Correspondence with that King he pray'd his Britannick Majesty to inform himself of his Intentions not doubting but he was sufficiently perswaded of the sincere Desire he had to second the good Offices of his Mediation yea and to contribute all that in him lay for the procuring a General Peace tho' he might have Ground to expect considerable Advantages from his Armies There were various Constructions made of this Letter and it was generally believed to have been a Politick Fetch of the French King to put the King of England upon waving the Declaration which his Parliament so urgently sollicited and Monsieur Beverning the Dutch Plenipotentiary who was the most forward of any for a Peace yet resented it to that degree that he said openly the French were to be commended who never neglected any thing of Importance nor so much as Amusement That France had given her Blow and would now hinder the Allies to give theirs That the Reserve of Sweden's Consent would be always a sure Pretence of staving off the Propositions of a Truce if the Allies should accept it That this it self could not be done because Flanders would be left so open as to be easily swallowed up by the next Invasion having now no Frontier on either side That the Towns now possess'd by France would in the time of a Truce grow absolutely French and so be the harder to be restored by a Peace or a War That for his part he desired to see the Peace concluded contrary to the Politicks of Monsieur Van Benningham and the other Ministers of the Allies in England affirming always That notwithstanding all their Intelligences and Intrigues there he was well assured That the King of England would not enter into the War to save the last Town in Flanders In pursuance of this Confidence of his he made all the Paces imaginable to compleat the Work and such as were thought by some to be forwarder than his Commission and very ill concerted with those of his Allies So that about the beginning of the Month of July all Points were adjusted between the French and Dutch and Monsieur Beverning began to play the part of something more than a Mediator pressing on his Allies towards a Peace in a somewhat rough manner tho' but with very small effect for there was little more done of any moment towards it the rest of this Summer save the Messages that were carried to and fro about the Business of the Duke of Lorrain
whose Cause the whole Body of the Allies interested themselves in so far as to press for an Answer to his Pretensions delivered in by President Canon But the French finding now that their former Exception of his wanting a Minister at the Congress would not do raised another to stave off the foresaid Instances and declared They could give no Answer about Lorrain till the Bishop of Strasburg's Agents were received by the Allies Upon this the Emperor made an invincible Difficulty declaring He would never treat with a Vassal of his own and in these Conferences about Lorrain the French Embassadors began to insinuate to the Mediators That their Master never intended that Matter to be treated as a Principal but only as an Accessary to the Treaty As they did also shew themselves positive in having full Satisfaction and Restitution made to the Swedes before they would conclude the Peace It was believed since it was much discoursed of that there was a new Alliance entred into between those two Crowns at Paris and that it was by Concert between them that this Attenite was given by the Swedes to the Congress Neither was there any Decisive Action in the course of the rest of this Campagne which was ended in Flanders by a successless Attempt made by the Prince of Orange to surprize Charleroy And if on the German side the French thought they had the Advantage by taking of Fribourg in Octob. this Year by a Feint of the Mareschal de Crequi before the Duke of Lorrain could come up to relieve it the City of Stetin's falling into the Hands of the Duke of Brandenburg this same Month after a most vigorous Resistance of its Garrison left the Scales even as they were before between the two Leagues The Campagne being ended as aforesaid the Prince of Orange who had long desired to take a Tour into England and had to that purpose the June before sent Monsieur Bentink over to make way with the King for such a Journey who at length granted him leave tho' with great Indifferency and Difficulty enough did upon the 9th of Octob. Land at Harwich and rid Post from thence to New-Market where the Court then was and where he industriously declined to enter upon any Conferences about the Peace or War as being resolved first to see the Young Princess which made the King to humour him leave that place sooner by some Days than he designed The Prince upon his Arrival in Town had no sooner set sight on that Incomparable Princess our late Sovereign Lady but he was so pleased with her Person and all those Signs of such an Humour as had been before described unto him that he immediately made his Suit both to the King and Duke which was very well received and assented to but upon Condition That the Terms of the Peace abroad might be first agreed on between them which after many Contestations on both sides the Prince would ne'er agree to saying The World would believe he had made that Match for himself at their Costâ— and that he would never sacrifice his Honour to his Love He grew at last to be so sullen upon the matter that he desired a Friend to tell the King That he designed to stay but two Days longer in England if things continued still on the same Foot That it repented him he had ever come over And that the King must choose how they were to live hereafter for he was sure it must be either like the greatest Friends or the greatest Enemies This so wrought upon the King who at the same time expressed the great Opinion he had of the Prince's Honesty that he ordered Sir William Temple the Messenger to go immediately to carry hâ—m the News That he should have his Wife Accordingly the Match was declared that Evening at the Committee before any other in Court knew any thing of it The Marriage was no sooner consummated but they very quickly fell into Debate upon the Terms of the Peace and had various Discourses of the Ambition of France the Necessity of a good Frontier to Flanders and it was at last agreed upon these Terms That all should be restored by France to the Emperor and Empire that had been taken in the War the Dutchy of Lorrain to that Duke and all on both sides between France and Holland and to Spain the Towns of Aeth Oudenard Courtray Tournay Conde Valenciennes St. Gillaine and Bince That the Prince should endeavour to procure the Consent of Spain and the King that of France To this Purpose he was to dispatch away a Person immediately over with the Proposition who should be instructed to enter into no Reasonings upon it but demand a positive Answer in Two Days and then forthwith return and my Lord Duras a Favourite of the Duke's was at last the Person pitched upon and sent But he after the Delivery of his Message was prevailed with to stay longer than his time and after all came away without any positive Answer From which manner of Procedure we may discover foul Prevarication somewhere and so the Business came to be drawn out into so many Messages and Returns from France that at last it dwindled into nothing especially after the Departure of the Prince for Holland who had spirited the Vigour of the whole Resolution which Departure happened to be with his Princess on the 21st of Nov. However the News of the Match had got to Nimeguen some time before and if the Confederates did before this begin to hope more than ever that it would not be long before England declared in their Favours they made no doubt of it now But it had quite another Effect in Holland especially at Amsterdam where the French Emissaries found the Secret of raising Jealousies of the Measures taken between the King and Prince upon this new Alliance as dangerous to the Liberty of their Country and to make it there believed that by the Match the King and Duke had wholly brought over the Prince into their Interest and Sentiments whereas the Prince went indeed away possess'd of having drawn them into his tho' they were all equally mistaken But how different soever their Apprehensions abroad might be of Things the King in England quite receded from his Engagements to the Prince of entring into the War with all the Confederates in case of no direct and immediate Answer from France upon the Terms of the Peace and contented himself to send Mr. Thynne over into Holland with a Draught of an Alliance to be made with the Dutch in order to force France and Spain into a Compliance with the Propositions agreed on year 1678 and to consign the same into the Hands of Mr. Hyde then at the Hague which was done and the Treaty Signed on the 16th of Jan. tho' not without great Difficulties and much Dissatisfaction on the part of the Prince of Orange who was yet covered in it by the private Consent of the Spanish Minister there in behalf of his
concerns the Exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion and such as profess it enjoying their Goods shall be re-established and maintained in the said Town of Maestricht and its Dependances in the same State and in such Manner as was regulated by the Capitulation made in the Year 1632 and that such as shall have been endowed with any Ecclesiastical Goods Canons Places Parsonages Provostships and other Benefices shall continue settled in them and enjoy them without any Contradiction X. His Majesty restoring to the said Lords the States-General the Town of Maestricht and Countries thereunto belonging may yet take and carry away all the Artillery Powder Bullets Provisions and other Warlike Ammunition that shall be found there at the time of â—ts Restitution and they that his Majesty shall have appointed for this Purpose may if they please make use of the Boats and Carriages of the Country for 2 Months time and shall have free Passage by Water and Land for the Carrying away the said Ammunition And the Governours Commanders Officers and Magistrates of the said Town shall give them all the Facilities they can for the Carriage and Conduct of the said Artillery and Ammunition Also the Officers Soldiers Men of War and others that shall leave the said Place may take thence and carry away all their movable Goods but it shall not be lawful for them to exact any Thing from the Inhabitants of the Town of Maestricht or its Neighbourhood nor to do any hurt to their Houses or carry away any Thing belonging to the said Inhabitants XI All Prisoners of War on both sides shall be delivered without Distinction or Exception and without paying any Ransom XII The raising of Contributions demanded by the Governour of the Town of Maestricht of the Countries subjected shall continue for all that shall become due till the Ratification of the present Treaty and such Arrears as shall remain shall be paid within 3 Months after that at convenient times for which a valuable Caution shall be given in some Town within his Majesty's Dominion XIII The said Lords the States-General have and do promise not only to maintain a perfect Neutrality without being at Liberty to assist directly or indirectly the Enemies of France or its Allies but also to guarrant all such Engagements as Spain shall enter into by the Treaty that is to be betwixt their most Christian and Catholick Majesties and especially that whereby the Catholick King shall be held to the same Neutrality XIV If through Inadvertence or otherwise there happen any want of due Observance of this present Treaty or other Inconvenience relating thereunto on the Part of his said Majesty or of the Lords the States-General and their Successors this Peace and Alliance shall remain in full Force notwithstanding so as no Breach of Friendship or of good Correspondence shall ensue thereupon but such Contraventions shall be speedily repaired if they shall be occasioned by any particular Subjects Faults those Subjects only shall be punished XV. And for the better securing Commerce and Friendship hereafter between the Subjects of the said King and those of the States-General of the Vnited-Provinces of the Low-Countries it is agreed and accorded that in case there shall be in time to come any Interruption of Friendship or that a Breach shall happen between the Crown of France and the said Lords the States-General of the said Vnited-Provinces which God forbid then 6 Months after such Breach shall always be allowed to the Subjects of both Parties to retire with their Effects and transport them whithersoever they think fit which also they shall be permitted to do as likewise to sell or transport their Goods and Movables with all Freedom so as no Hindrance shall be given to them nor any Proceedings to seize their Effects much less to secure their Persons XVI As for the Pretences and Interests that concern the Prince of Orange upon which there has been a separate Treaty and Agreement by an Act this Day Signed the said Writing and all the Contents of it shall be effectual and shall be confirmed fulfilled and executed according to the Form and Tenour thereof neither more nor less than if all its Points in general and every one in particular were Word for Word inserted into this present Treaty XVII And as his Majesty and the Lords the States-General acknowledge the powerful Offices that the King of Great Britain has incessantly employ'd by his Counsels and good Advertisements for the publick Weal and Repose so it is agreed on both sides that his said Majesty of Great Britain and his Kingdoms be comprehended by Name within this present Treaty according to the best Form that may be XVIII Within this present Treaty of Peace and Alliance shall be comprehended on the part of the said most Christian King the King of Sweden the Duke of Holstein the Bishop of Strasburg and Prince William of Furstemburg as interested in the present War And there shall likewise be comprehended if they will themselves the Prince and Crown of Portugal the Duke and Seigniory of Venice the Duke of Savoy the Thirteen Cantons of the Ligue-Switzers and their Allies the Elector of Bavaria Duke John Frederick of Brunswick Hanover and all Kings Potentates Princes and States Towns and particular Persons to whom his most Christian Majesty shall grant at their Request to be comprehended within this Treaty on his part XIX And on the part of the Lords the States-General the King of Spain and all other their Allies that within 6 Weeks to be computed from the Exchange of the Ratifications shall declare their acceptance of the Peace and also the Thirteen laudable Cantons of the Ligue-Switzers and their Allies and Confederates the Town of Embden and moreover all Kings Princes and States Towns and particular Persons to whom they shall grant at their Request to be comprehended on their part XX. The said King and the said Lords the States-General do consent that the King of Great Britain as Mediator and all other Potentates and Princes that shall be willing to enter into the like Engagement may give his Majesty and the said States-General their Promise and tie themselves to guarrant the Performance of all that is contain'd in this present Treaty XXI This present Treaty shall be Ratified and Approved by the said King and the said Lords the States-General and each Parties Letters of Ratification shall be deliver'd in proper due Form within the Term of 6 Weeks or sooner if it may be reckoning from the Day of Signing In Witness whereof We the aforesaid Ambassadors of his Majesty and of the Lords the States-General by Virtue of their respective Powers have on their behalfs Signed these Presents with our ordinary Seals and have set our Coats of Arms to the same At Nimeguen Aug. 10. in the year of our Lord 1678. Le Ma' D'Estrates Colbert De Mesmes H. Beverning W. van Nassaw W. Haren WE liking well the aforesaid Treaty of Peace in all and every the
very probably might have been as much Glorious to him in the Consequence as it was Honourable at the present according to the Confession of a brave Enemy that was in the Battle who said That he esteemed this the only Heroick Action that had been done in the whole Course or Progress of the War The Prince sent to give the Duke of Luxemburg notice of the Peace who thereupon desired an Interview with him which was agreed to and all things past with great Civilities on both sides the French crowding about a Young Prince that had made so much noise in the World and but the Day before given Life and Vigour to such a desperate Action as all Men esteemed this Battle of St. Dennis to be yet many Reflections were made upon it both by his Friends and Enemies some saying That he knew the Peace was Signed before the Fight began but that if it were true could not Prejudice him since he was not obliged to take notice of it till he received Advice from the States and that it was too great a venture both to himself and the States and too great a Sacrifice to his own Honour since it could be to no other Advantage others laid the blame upon the Marquess de Grana That he had Intercepted or Concealed the States Packet to the Prince but this was an uncertain Report However the Prince could not have ended the War with greater Glory and with more spight to see such a mighty occasion wrested out of his Hands by the sudden and unexpected Signing of the Peace which he had assured himself the States would not have consented to without the Spaniards But the Business was done and therefore he left the Army went first to the Hague then to Dieren to Hunt as having little else to do leaving the States at liberty to pursue their own paces as to the finishing of the Treaty between France and Spain wherein their Embassadors at Nimeguen imployed themselves with great Zeal and Application and no longer as Parties and Confederates but rather as Mediators the English declining that Function as being a Matter wherein our Court would take no part The Northern Confederates were still mightily chafed at the Dutch Proceedings and tho' with all their Remonstrances they were not able to stave off the Separate Peace of Holland yet they imployed their last Effort now to prevent the Spaniards agreeing to that part of the Peace as accepted for them by the Dutch and to that end exclaimed mightily against their Breach of Honour and Interest citing the very Articles of their Treaty with them for it and said That what was left the Spaniards in Flanders by those Terms was Indefensible and would serve but to exhaust their Men and Treasure to no purpose That France had no other Design than to break the present Confederacy by such Separate Treaties and so leave the Spaniards abandoned by all their Allies upon the next occasion which they could no less than expect if Spain should use them with as little regard of their Honour and Treaties as the Dutch Embassadors seemed to design these and especially some difficulties that did arise on the part of France about giving up the Country of Beaumont and the Town of Bovines to the Spaniards as being Matters not mentioned in the Dutch Treaty with the French upon the Score of Spain before the Peace was Signed made Matters very doubtful and uncertain whether the Dutch would Ratifie their Treaty or the Spaniards Sign theirs Whilst Mens minds were busied with various Conjectures and Presages upon the present Conjuncture about the middle of Aug. Mr. Hide was suddenly dispatcht over from England to the surprize even of all in Holland and more especially of our Embassador there who had not the least Intimation of it and if the Journey was surpriâ—ing the Message was no less which is included in the following Memorial That his Majesty having understood that a Separate Treaty of Peace had been Concluded and Signed between the Most Christian King's Embassadors and those of this State he was extreamly surprized at the Manner of the Procedure of the the States Embassadors at Nimeguen and having seriously reflected thereon he hath commanded my Lord Embassador to hasten hither with all expedition in order to represent the same to the Lords the States that his Majesty cannot find there is any Declaration or Promise made by the Most Christian King for the Evacuating the Towns upon the Ratification of the Peace Signed at Nimeguen That in the next place there is no Article between the Most Christian King's Embassadors and those of this State to assure the said Evacuation Thirdly That France has retarded the said Evacuation by the new Proposals she has made to the Spaniards whereof there were no mention made in their own Propositions which had been accepted by Spain particularly by a Detention of some Places till Dinant were yielded up by the Empire and by keeping the County of Beaumont and Bovines with other Places of which there had been no mention made in the said Proposals And as it has been agreed upon in the last Treaty which was concluded and ratified between his Majesty and this State that in case his Most Christian Majesty did retard or retract from the said Evacuation whether upon account of procuring Satisfaction to the Swede or for any other Cause whatsoever that the King and this State were obliged to enter into a Conjoint War against France his Majesty does believe that the Substance of that Treaty is come to pass by the fore-mentioned Conditions and that his Majesty and this State were equally obliged to pursue the said Treaty and to give the said Embassador Orders to demand of this State the Execution of it And as his Majesty does not at all doubt but this State has the same Sentiments with himself in respect to the Mutual Obligation that lies upon them from the said Treaty he has commanded the said Embassador in his Name and on his part to assure them that if the Lords the States will refuse to Ratifie that which was Signed by their Embassadors at Nimeguen his Majesty 3 Days after such a Declaration shall be notified to him on the part of this State will declare actual War against France and punctually put in Execution all the Contents of his last Treaty with this State And his Majesty having taken into Consideration those Representations which have been made unto him on the part of this State concerning a Neutrality for Cleve and Juliers his Majesty is so sensible of the great Danger that may befal this State without a sufficient Barrier on that side as well as on that of Flanders that he has commanded the said Embassador to assure the Lords the States that he is ready to Concert with them and enter upon all the Measures that can be taken for their Security on that side as well as on the other and that it shall be their Fault if they
the Power of the late most Serene Infanta Catherina shall be observed without any hurt or prejudice by this particular Clause to the general Stipulation in this present Article concerning the Performance of the said Pyrenean Treaty and that of Aix la Chappelle XXVII Though their most Christian and Catholick Majesties contribute all their Cares towards the setling a General Peace and that so fair a Way towards it as that of a General Truce gives them Hopes that a Conclusion of whatever may secure the Quiet of Christendom will speedily ensue yet since the said most Christian King doth insist upon it that the Catholick King shall oblige himself not to assist any of the Princes that are now engag'd in War against France and its Allies his Catholick Majesty hath promised and doth promise to observe a perfect Neutrality during the Course of this War without being at Liberty to assist his Allies directly or indirectly against France or its Allies XXVIII And whereas their most Christian and Catholick Majesties do acknowledge the powerful Offices which the King of Great Britain has contributed without intermission by his Counsels and good Advertisements toward the Publick Safety and Repose it is agreed on both sides That his said Majesty of Great Britain and his Kingdoms shall be expresly comprehended in this present Treaty after the best Form that can be XXIX Within this Peace Alliance and Friendship on the part of his most Christian Majesty besides the King of Sweden together with the Duke of Holstein the Bishop of Strusburg and Prince William of Furstemburg as concern'd in the present War shall be comprehended if they please themselves all those that having refused to engage or declare themselves in this present War shall be nominated within 6 Months after the Exchange of the Ratifications XXX And on the one part of his Catholick Majesty shall likewise be comprehended if themselves please all such as having forborn to engage or declare themselves in the present War shall be nominated within 6 Months after the Exchange of the Ratifications and all others that after the said War ended shall likewise be nominated by his said Catholick Majesty XXXI The said most Christian and Catholick Kings do agree That all Potentates and Princes that shall be willing to enter into the like Obligation may give their Majesties their Promises and Engagements of Warranty as to the Execution of whatever is contain'd in this present Treaty XXXII And for the greater Security of this Treaty of Peace and of all the Points and Articles therein contained the said present Treaty shall be published attested and registred in the Court of the Parliament of Paris and in all other Parliaments of the Kingdom of France and in the Chamber of Accounts at Paris And also the said Treaty shall be published attested and registred as well in the Great and other Councils and Chambers of Account of the said Catholick King in the Low-Countries as in the other Councils of the Crowns of Castile and â—â—ragon according to the Form contained in the Pyrenean Treaty of the Year 1659. of which Publications and Enrollment Exemplifications shall be delivered on both sides within 3 Months after the Publication of this present Treaty All which Points and Articles above expressed and the Contents of every of them have been Treated Agreed Passed and Stipulated between the said Embassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiaries of the said most Christian and Catholick Kings which Plenipotentiaries by Virtue of their Powers the Copies whereof are inserted at the bottom of this present Treaty have promised and do promise under the Obligation of all and every the Goods and Estates present and to come of the Kings their Masters that they shall inviolably be observed and fulfilled and that they will cause them to be ratified firmly and simply without addition of any thing thereunto and to produce the Ratifications thereof by Letters Authentick and Sealed wherein all this present Treaty shall be inserted verbatim within 6 Weeks to be accompted from the Day of the Date of this present Treaty or sooner if possible And the said Plenipotentiaries have promised and do promise in their said Kings Names that after the producing the said Letters of Ratifications the said Most Christian King as soon as possibly he can shall in the Presence of such Person or Persons as the Catholick King shall be pleased to depute swear solemnly upon the Cross the Gospel and Canons of the Mass and upon his Honour fully really and truly to observe and fulfil all the Articles contained in this present Treaty And the like shall be done as soon as possible by the said Catholick King in the Presence of such Person or Persons as the said Most Christian King shall be pleased to depute In witness or all which the said Plenipotentiaries have subscribed this present Treaty with their own Names and have caused their Seals of Arms to be set thereto Nimeguen the 17th of Sept. 1678. Le M. Dâ— Estrades Colbert De Mesmes D' Avaux Pabla Spâ—nola Doria Conde de Benazuza Marquesse de la Fuente Jean Baptiste Christin Thus you see France was left in Possession of the Peace with Holland and Spain and consequently Master of that of the Empire and of the North upon her own Terms and England left to busie it self about that Popish Fire that was breaking out at home the Stream whereof the Court perhaps designed to have diverted by a Foreign War in Conjunction with the Confederates against France on which they were now as eagerly bent as they seemed at any time before indifferent thereunto however of this we shall say nothing at present but prosecute in as concise a manner as we can the remaining Paces that were made together with the interâ—ening Accidents that happened for putting an End to the rest of the War After tâ—e Peace with Spain was Signed and that with Holland Ratified tho' the Embassadors of the Emperor at Nimeguen were sullen and those of Denmark and Brandenburg enraged yet by the Application of the Dutch Embassadors the Conferences were set on foot between them and the French But how enraged soever the Northern Confederates seemed to be they were now more inclined than ever to consent to a Truce tho' to this the Swedes would not absolutely agree For Pomerania they would willingly accept it because they had reason to fear that the great Losses they had there sustained might be followed by more considerable ones but they were not for it in Schomen where their Affairs were in a better Posture by their taking of Christianstadt which at last after much Difficulty they diadâ—made themselves Masters of However the Losses they sustained in Pomerania were of far greater Concern to them than all they pretended to gain elsewhere And notwithstanding the Death of the Bishop of Munster was a Mortification to the Confederates yet Denmark and Brandenburg go on vigorously with their Preparations against the Isle of Rugen and the Elector
he would never Sign the Peace whilst the Affairs of France were in such a Condition as to have it Concluded to the Advantage of that Crown yet it is so far from being any Dishonour to that brave Man that it is the greatest Eulogium that could be given him since he has discovered there in the Affection he had for the publick Tranquility of Europe as well as for the Honour and Safety of his own Native Country I shall not recite the last mentioned Treaty at large but content my self to give an Abstract of it only which follows I. THAT there shall be a firm and lasting Peace between the Empire and France and an Oblivion of all injuries II. That the Peace of Munster be the Basis and Foundation of the present Treaty III. That France renounce all Pretensions to Phillipsburg and the Emperor on his Part was to do the like by Friburg and its Dependances IV. That France was to have a free and easie Passage at all times from Brisac to Friburg and the Provisions for the last Place go unmolested and untaxed V. Commissioners in a Year after the Treaty were to determine what Dobts Friburg was to pay VI. The French King was to restore to the Emperor the Writings found in Friburg at the Time of taking of it but as for such as concerned the Town c. the fore-mentioned Commissioners were to agree upon a Place where to keep them VII That all who were minded to depart from Friburg within a Year after the Ratification of the Treaty might freely do it and either retain or dispose of their Goods at Pleasure VIII Agreed however that Friburg and its Dependences shall be restored to the Emperor for a satisfactory Equivalent IX The Duke of Lorrain to be restored to the Possession of his Dominions in the same State as in 1670 when taken by France X. That Nancy c. be for ever incorporated with France and the Duke to renounce all Right to it XI That for the Conveniency of the French Troops there be 4 Roads of half a League broad marked out by Commissioners for the March of them to their Garrisons in Alsatia Burgundy c. XII That all Villages Lands c. lying within the said Ways do remain to France and no further XIII That the City and Provostship of Longuicer remain forever to France and that the Duke his Heirs c. do lay no Claim thereunto XIV In Compensation for Nancy France was to give up the City of Thoul c. to the Duke with the same Sovereignty over it as France had with a Promise in the next Article of further Satisfaction to the Duke in case that were not a sufficient equivalent XV. The French King did renounce the Right of Presentation of a Bishop of Thoul into the Hands of the Pope to whom the Duke was to apply himself for obtaining it XVI All benefited Persons put in by the King to continue in quiet Possession of their Livings XVII All Proceedings at Law Decrees c. finish'd in the Time of the French King's Possession of Lorrain and Bar to take place XVIII The Charters Deeds c. in the Exchequer of Nancy and Bar to be forthwith restored to the Duke XIX That Prince Egon of Furstemburg his Brother Prince William and Nephew Prince Antony their Officers c. should be restored to their former State Dignities c. and Prince William forthwith upon the Ratification of the Treaty to be set at Liberty XX. All Vassals Subjects c. of either Party to be restored to their Honours Benefices Goods c. as before the War with all Rights fallen to them during it and no notice taken what Party whether of this or that Prince they have taken XXI The Duke of Holstein Gottorp to be comprehended in the present Treaty That each Party shall imploy all their Offices towards terminating the War between Sweden Denmark Brandenburg c. and the French to keep Garrison in Chastelet Hiâ—y Aix la Chapelle c. till the same be accomplished XXII That the Evacuation of Places be within a Month after the Ratification of the Treaty XXIII That the Duke of Bouillon continue in Possession of the Dutchy and Castle of that â—ame and all Differences concerning them to be composed within 3 Months after the Ratification XXIV All Acts of Hostilities to cease within 14 Days after Signing of the Treaty XXV Contributions to be levied till the Ratification and the Arrears paid tho' not forcibly demanded within 4 Months after XXVI What had been stipulated concerning Montferat and the Duke of Savoy in the Treaty of Munster should be more particularly valid here The rest being meer Matter of Form I proceed to shew that the Danish and Brandenburg Embassadors were no sooner informed that all Things were agreed on between the Emperor and France but the very next Day which was the 3d of Feb. that they might not upon any account be wanting to themselves and to omit nothing that might have any semblance if not advantage yet of resentment made their Protestations against it and complained that the Emperor's Embassadors had consented to Matters which so nearly concerned the Princes their Masters that they had not only neglected all their Interests but also that they had given their Enemies Liberty to pursue the War even into the Heart of their own Country That they had Treated about the Rights of all the States of the Empire so far as to abolish some Decrees concerning them without the Knowledge of the Princes who were most interested therein And in a Word they Solemnly insisted against that Separate Peace which ought to be reckoned null and no way prejudicial to their Leagues nor to the Decrees of the Empire And that no Formalities might be omitted which they judged necessary for maintaining the Pretensions of their Masters they did also on the 4th make a Conditional Protestation against the Peace made by the Emperor and France They said That they could the less be perswaded that the Imperial Embassadors could do such a Wrong to the Princes their Masters for that Sweden had been Treated during the War as a State and Member of the Empire guilty of breaking the Publick Peace and in that Notion cited and condemned by the Empire in the usual Form So that in what manner soever the Emperor might reconcile himself to that Crown they had Reason to Protest against the Validity of that Peace and at the same Time for all the Damages their Masters might suffer thereby The same Thing was done by the Ministers and Plenipotentiaries of the Princes of Brunswick-Lunemburg against those two Treaties in the same Terms not knowing perhaps that the Princes their Masters were concluding their particular Peace at Home with France and Sweden whilst they complained so loudly at Nimeguen against that of the Emperor However that of the Emperor and France was Signed the next Day as before noted as was the Peace between the Emperor and
Brandenburg into the Countries of Oldenburg and Delmenhurst which put all the Country under Contribution and wrought such an Effect upon the Danish Envoy at Paris that the Treaty was fully concluded between France Sweden and Denmark on the 2d of Sept. at St. Germains M. Pompone having full Power from the French King to that Purpose The Treaties of Roscheld Copenhagen and Westphalia were the Ground-work of this Peace with Denmark as will better appear by this Abstract I. THAT there be a firm Peace between the said Kings and all Things during the War to the Offence of either forgotten II. That all Alliances made by either of the Three Kings to the Prejudice of the other shall cease and be abolished and they shall not make any which may be so for the future III. That Hostilities do cease within a Fortnight reckoning from the Day of the Signing except in Norway where 3 Weeks shall be allowed because of the Distance IV. That the Treaties of Roscheld Copenhagen and Westphalia shall be confirmed with all the Instruments to them appertaining V. The King of Denmark promises to restore whatever he hath taken from the Swedes during the War viz. Landscroon Helsenburg Monstrand and Wismaâ— with the Isles of Rugen and Gothlaend and all their Dependances VI. In like manner the King of Sweden promises to restore what he has taken from Denmark during the War VII That Commissioners shall be appointed by the Two Northern Crowns who shall meet within 6 Months a Minister from the most Christian King being present and shall endeavour to compose all Differences arisen on occasion of Priviledges and Immunities which the Swedes pretend to in the Sound and the Baltick provided that the said Priviledges and Immunities do remain in full Force and Vigour the Abuses only to be corrected VIII The Places to be restored to Sweden shall be delivered up in the same Condition as they are at present viz. Helsenburg Landscoon and all other Places possessed by the King of Denmark in Schonen Pleiâ—ing and Holland together with Carelstadt and the Fort on the River Swinge within 2 Weeks Wismar and the Isle of Rugen within 3 Marstrond and the Isle of Gothland within 4 Weeks to be reckoned from the Day of the Exchange IX The King of Denmark may take out of the Places to be restored what Cannon he caused to be brought into them since they were in his Possession but the Cannon that were in the Places when taken and still remain there to be restored with the Places But if the King of Denmark hath formerly taken out of those Places the Cannon that belonged to the Swedes he shall restore the one half thereof X. All Goods and Estates confiscated during the War shall be restored XI All Persons shall be restored to the Rights and Priviledges they enjoyed before the War XII The Country of Rixengen belonging to the Count Ethlefelt Chancellor of Denmark confiscated during the War shall be restored to him XIII All Prisoners to be set at Liberty XIV All such Princes as desire it shall be comprehended in this Treaty XV. The most Christian King promises that the King of Sweden shall ratifie this Treaty within 3 Months XVI The most Christian King promises to ratifie the same within 6 Weeks But of all other Points conceded by the Dane in this Treaty none seemed so hard as this last relating to the Duke of Holstein Gottorp who for being an Ally in this War to the Swede Denmark had stripped of all his Dominions but is now forced to re-instate him in as ample Form as could be and he pretend to unless it were the Damage which his Territories had sustained during the War by the vast Sums of Money which the King of Denmark had raised therein as being one of the best Countries in all the North. And thus ended this long and bloody War in Europe but with as much Dissatisfaction to almost all the Allies as it was advantageous to France who was left in a Condition by it to do what she would as we shall have occasion to note hereafter It was very hard upon all the Allies harder yet to the Elector of Brandenburg but to none more than the King of Denmark who had no manner of Compensation for all the Conquests he had made in the Course of it and I think was no less dishonourable to England every way whose Mediation though continued even to the last yet through some evil Aspect or other had not the Happiness of Signing any one of the Treaties And as for the Duke of Lorrain as he had nothing in Possession so he lost nothing but his Expectation which in the Sequel appeared to be ill grounded tho' upon the direct and frequent Engagements both of the Confederates and Mediator And so that noble tho' unfortunate Prince was wholly left out of the Treaty and without any visible Hopes of ever recovering the Dominion of his Ancestors And here we shall at present leave it and return to see what has been doing all this while in England About the 29th of Sept. the preceding Year which was 1678 Dr. Oats seconded after by Tongue and Kirby made a Discovery of an horrid Plot carried on by Jesuits and others of the Roman Communion against the Life and Person of the King Protestant Religion and Established Government and for a further Confirmation of his Testimony Oats referred himself to Coleman's Papers who was Secretary to the then Dutchess of York But though the Court could not but enquire into the Truth of this yet they made such slow Paces in it that Coleman had time enough to convey away all the Papers of the 2 last Years with his Book of Entries of them However those Letters that were found amazed the major part of the Council and thereupon several Persons were examined and committed viz. Sir George Wakeman the Queen's Physician Coleman Langborn of the Inner-Temple Tho. Whitebread Provincial of the Jesuits in England James Corker and Thomas Pickering all Jesuits Priests and Monks with divers others And not long after William Earl of Powis William Viscount Stafford Henry Lord Arundel of Warder William Lord Petre and John Lord Bellasis were sent Prisoners upon the same Account to the Tower of London But tho' these and other Circumstances made the Matter pretty clear yet the Murder of Sir Edmundbury Godfrey a Justice of the Peace before whom some of the Depositions had been taken and who appear'd zealous against all Male Practices against the King and Government soon after viz. on the 12th of Oct. rendred the Conspiracy in the Sight of most Men to be past all doubt And therefore the Parliament who met upon the 21 st of Oct. after having appointed a Secret Committee to enquire into the Bottom of the Plot did upon the 1st of Nov. following come to this Resolution Nemine Contradicente That upon the Evidence that hath already appeared to this House this House is of Opinion that there
His Majesty should leave the Magistracy in the State it was in then with all its Rights and Freedom of Election and its Jurisdiction Civil and Criminal This was granted also except in such Causes as should exceed 1000 French Livres Capital in which an Appeal might be made to the Council at Brisac yet so as that the said Appeal should not suspend the Examination of the Judgment given by the Magistrates unless the Question were above 2000 Livres V. That his Majesty should grant to the City all its Revenues Rights Tolls Commerce Money Magazines of Cannon Ammunition Arms Magazines of Corn and Wood and its Records and Publick Papers Granted except what concerned the Cannon Arms Ammunition and Publick Magazines which should be delivered to the King's Officers And for the Arms of Particular Persons they should be brought into the Town-House and be put in a Room of which the Magistrates should have the Keys VI. That the Burghers should be exempted from all Contributions and other Engagements the King leaving to the City all the Ordinary and Extraordinary Imposts VII That his Majesty should leave to the City the free enjoyment of the Bridge over the Rhine with all its Bourgs Villages and Country-Houses VIII That his Majesty should grant an Amnesty for what was past without any Exception and to comprehend therein the Prince Palatine of Valdentz IX That His Majesty should permit them to build Places to Lodge the Troops that are in Garrison And Lastly That the King's Troops should enter the Town at Four in the Afternoon All which was agreed to This sudden and unexpected Business could not but alarm the whole Empire in general as it did the Court of Vienna in particular But as the former were very slow and irresolute in their Deliberations about keeping up a sufficient Standing Force to oppose the Encroachments of France so there was such a terrible Cloud gathering together against the latter as took up in a manner their entire Thoughts how to shelter themselves from it and to obviate the impending Danger But of this we shall have further occasion to speak to in its proper place year 1682 In the mean time we will see what was doing in England this Year which comes to be 1682. and the main Work whereof was the barbarous Prosecution of Protestant Dissenters and how to curb the rest of the Nation so as to truckle entirely under che Court-girdle Herein they made very great Progress in the base Addresses that were procured to be sent from all Quarters But the Ignoramus-Bill of my Lord Shaftsbury stuck deep in their Stomachs and the Fears of being baulked in any such Design for the future made them set their Wits on the Tenter-Hooks how they might take away the Election of Sheriffs out of the Power of the City and no other Expedient could be found but by taking away their Charter which if once effected would not only give the Court the advantage of making Sheriffs but open a Gap to their making a House of Commons too for near 5 Parts in 6 of the House of Commons were Burgesses and Barons of the Cinque-Ports who would not dare to contest their Charter if the City of London could not hold hers So that in Hillary Term this Year a Quo Warranto was brought against the City for two helnous Crimes viz. That they had made an Address to the King for the Parliament to Sit for Redress of Grievances and to settle the Nation yet King Charles I. thought the Parliament's Vote of Non-Addresses to him was Deposing of him and that the City had raised Money towards repairing Cheapside Conduit ruined by the Fire of London We will give you the matter here as entirely and cursorily as we can and thus it was The City pleaded their Right and the King replied upon which there was a Demurrer and here the matter rested for a time the Novelty whereof causing a great Amusement in the Generality of the City and Nation whereto it tended and how it would end In the mean while the Duke of York after having narrowly escaped drowning in his last Voyage to Scotland and then done his Work in that Kingdom was returned to London and his Zeal for promoting the Catholick Cause outgoing his Patience for the Court's Judgment upon the Demurrer to the Quo Warranto there appeared Courtiers of the first Magnitude bare-fac'd for the next Election of Sheriffs and Sir Dudley North and Sir Peter Rich were returned the one by a shameless Trick and the other by open Force And herewith we will end this short Year but pernicious enough to England and to encrease the Misfortune of it was so fatal to Rupert Prince Palatine of the Rhine who died of a Fever and Pleurisie at his House in Spring-Garden in the 63d Year of his Age and who to pass the Errors of his Fiery Youth wherein he was engaged with too much Fury and Ravage in the Party of his Uncle King Charles in our unhappy Civil Wars had of late Years proved a faithful Councellor to the King and a great Patriot to the English Liberty and therefore was towards his latter end neglected by the Court to that degree that nothing passed between him and his great Kindred but Civilities in the Common Forms But though the Court had gained this Point yet they thought it not fit at present to push it farther till the Demurrer to the City-Charter was determined in which such haste was made that only two Arguments were permitted on either side one in Hillary-Term 1683. and the other in Easter-Term following and so Judgment was given in Trinity-Term next after against the City But such a Judgment was never given in any Case as this and if the manner of Electing the last Sheriffs was strange and unwarrantable this was no less so for it was without any Reason given and by two Judges only whereof the one was Sir Francis Withens who had heard but one Argument and perhaps understood but little of that and who afterwards in the Absence of Sir Edward Herbert delivered that for his Opinion which Sir Edward when present disowned and the other was Sir Thomas Jones However if you will believe them they said Justice Raymond was of the same Opinion with them and so was Sanders the Chief Justice though he was past his Senses and had only Understanding enough left to Expostulate with them for then Troubling him when he had lost his Memory But the Cout of King's-Bench was not so ripe for this hasty Judgment as they at Whitehall were for Discovery of Plots against the Government and justice of the Nation of which they set no less than 3 on Foot one was to surprize the Guards Another the Rye-House-Plot to Murther the King and his dear Brother as they were to pass by from New-Market and the Black-Heath Plot wherein the People were to rise upon a Foot-Ball-Match They were sure of the Sheriffs and it was Burton and
repulsed And yet the same Night tho' a Prisoner gave the Besieged an Account of the Confusion the Turks were in by reason of the approaching Succours they thought it convenient for all that to make another Signal to the Duke from St. Stephen's Tower and the rather since the Turks seemed still obstinate in carrying on their Attacks which they continued with no very great Advantage till the 11th of Sept. when that same Afternoon they drew all their Forces out of their Camp and marched towards the Calemburg which was a certain Sign to the Besieged that their Succours were marching that way and taking the Advantage of the Night endeavoured to get up the Hill whilst the Christian Armâ— met them in the Descent At that time the Besieged also had the Satisfaction to see the Rockets which were thrown up on the Top of the Hill as a Signal of their Approach and which they expected with so much Impatience The next Day which was the 12th of Sept. after Sun-rising the Christian Army advanced from the upper part of the Calemburg moving slowly in close Order from the Carthusian Monastery and St. Leopold's Chappel and extending it self more and more until they made their way out of the Forest when they closed their Lines and marching towards the Plain left a Space for them that followed and room for themselves to move in their Cannon playing upon the Enemy at several Intervals But the Turks were guilty of a very great Oversight in not securing the Passages of the Wood or other advantageous Posts which the Christians found difficult enough to pass tho' they met with no Opposition but perhaps the former vainly trusted to their Numbers having still an Army of an 120000 fighting Men tho' they had lost near 60000 at the Siege whereas the Christian Army without was not above 80000 and 6000 within the Town who yet did good Service upon this Occasion The Right Wing of the Army was given to the King of Poland for that he had most Horse and that the Country was open on that side the Left to the Elector of Bavaria and the Duke of Lorrain because they were strongest in the Foot and that the Country was inclosed on that side all along the Danube and the main Body to the Elector of Saxony and Prince Waldeck In this Disposition the Generals that Morning according to Appointment met upon the Hill to give the necessary Orders and were no sooner come together but a Body of 10000 Turks appear'd and advanced towards the Christians whereupon a Battallion was ordered to post themselves in a Vineyard that was on an Hill hard by being supported by 3 other Battallions which made the Turks stop For not enduring the Fire of those Battallions and being all Horse and in a Ground where they could not well attack the Foot they contented themselves to make one Discharge accompanied with an hideous Noise and so retired Whereupon the King of Poland and the other Princes having observed the the Disposition of the Enemy drew the Army into 3 Lines and closed without any Intervals as before mentioned and ordered them to march very slowly towards the Enemy and to stand when the Turks came to Charge them keeping themselves very close and not to fire till the Enemy had made their Discharge which was exactly performed for the Enemy advanced towards them with an horrible Cry as if they meant to break in upon them hoping thereby to make them give way or to put them into Disorder But finding the Christians stood firm and expecting them in a very close Order they durst not push any further but halted and still finding the Christians did not stir but stood expecting them they then made their Discharge and wheeled off Upon this the first Line of the Christians fired and that done the whole Army advanced slowly and so gained Ground upon the Enemy who returning came up as before the Christians thereupon made an Halt and expected them and the Turks having made their Discharge retired again which they repeated several times without adventuring to break in upon the Christians who still gained Ground driving the Turks before them like a Flock of Sheep Being come near the Enemies Camp a Body of Foot and Dragoons were detach'd to attack their Cannon which they made themselves Masters of without any great Opposition the Enemy having but a small Number of Foot to defend them and even their Horse made no great Resistance any where tho' they endeavoured on the side of the Right Wing to Charge the Christians in Flank which the King of Poland mistrusting caused part of the second Line to advance and make a Front on that side and charging the Enemy in Person with the first Line made them give way During the hottest of the Battle the Turks attackt the Town and put the Besieged so to it that Count Staremberg was forced to send to the Duke of Lorain for Assistance whereupon the Duke sent Prince Lewis of Baden with a Body of Horse Foot and Dragoons into the City with whose Help all the Turks that were in the Attack where cut to pieces In short towards Evening the Enemy began to give way and fled being pursued by the Christians beyond their Camp and there they made an Halt the Soldiers upon pain of Death being Commanded not to stir out of their Ranks and the whole Army remained all Night in Battle array as if the Enemy had been still present Next Day the Camp was Plundered half a Company going out at a time while the other half continued at their Arms and when they returned these went out in like manner All the Enemies Baggage Provision Tents 50 Pieces of Cannon 2 Horse-Tails the Grand Seignior's Standard and the Visier's own Horse were taken and most of their Foot cut in pieces being computed at about 15000 the rest having perished during the Siege and the Victory was so much the more glorious to the Christian Arms in that they lost not above a 1000 Men in all and very few Persons of Note the Duke of Croy and some others being wounded and that the Capital of the German Empire was hereby relieved which otherwise must inevitably have fallen into the Hands of the Infidels in less than 48 Hours more having already endured 9 Weeks Siege for want of Provisions and a sufficient Garrison to defend it longer their Number being diminished one half and the Turkish Mines ready to blow up the last Retrenchments they had for its Security And because it is fit the Memory of those Great Men that appeared this Day at the Head of the Christian Army and under whose Conduct this signal Victory was obtained should by all just Means be perpetnated to future Generations they were these that follow The King of Poland the Electors of Saxony and Bavaria the Duke of Lorain Prince Waldeck General of the Empire the 2. Princes of Baden the Prince of Anhalt the Duke of Croy the Prince de Salm the
and 4 Senators to the French Court to make their humble Submissions But while the French Monarch was thus triumphing over the little republick of Genoa the Campaign was not in Hungary the general Rendesvouz of the Imperial Army was upon on the 20th of May at Schlesia upon the Waag from whence they moved and Encamped the 30th of the same Month near Schenowitz and from thence by several Marches and Halts by Monday the Fifth of June they came within â—aif a Mile of Neuheusel having as 't was thought a design to Attack the place but being informed on the 10th that the Garrisons of Pest and Budae consisted only of 8000 Men and that there was no more Force besides there save 2 or 3 Thousand Tartars that Encamped near the place and that even the whole Turkish Army between Buda and Esseck consisted of no more than 17000 Men and that there was not any Discourse of a greater Number they ordered thereupon a Bridge of Boats to be made at Cran which the Army marched over and so joined General Mercy and Collonel Heusler who had several Regiments of Horse under their Command and some Foot and the Duke on the 14th after having sent 500 Men under Count Sâ—â—rum before went directly to Vicegrade which was a Turkish Pass and a strong Mountainous Fortress on the Danube where his Artillery arrived next Day he ordered the place to be Attackt at which the Enemy put out a Red Flag for a Signal of Defiance having sent all their Women and Children before with the best of their Effects to Buda However the Infantry posted themselves immediately under the Walls of the Town against whose Walls and Pallisadoes they fired 12 pieces of Canon on the 16th all the day long and in the Evening stormed it which the Enemy not enduring were forced to flee to the Castle and adjacent Mountains but they found no security there neither For the Castle was so Bombed next day that about Noon they began to Capitulate but it happened so that the Conditions could not be agreed on that day because of a flying Report that came from Gran That Baron Halliwell had been worsted by the Enemy which made the Duke with some Horse immediately move that way But upon Confusion of Reports he thought fit to send the Prince of Baden with some Squadrons thither who upon his Arrival found the Action already over which hapned briefly thus The Turks upon their approach to Graâ— about Noon appeared and sounded an Allarm Whereupon General Halliwel who was much mistaken as to their Number went and posted himself upon the left Hand betwixt the two Mountains in a straight Pass with about 500 Horse and gave at the same time Orders to the Lieutenant Collonel of Sax Lauemburg to advance through the Passage and put himself in order Things being thus effected the General from an Hill where he had posted his Men found contrary to expectation the Enemy much stronger than he had thought drawn up in the form of an half Moon and advancing with a design to inclose him which made him think of retiring but it proved too late for he was here killed though Lieutenant Collonel Rabâ—â—â— did all he could to relieve him falling upon the Enemy with great Fury whom he drove back and pursued above 5 Miles from the Place to an advantageous Post where they rallied and in this Action came off with a greater Loss than the Christians From Vicegrade the Duke of Lorain directed his March by the Way of Gran and Barkan towards Waisen sending Colonel Hâ—uster before with 500 Horse to view the Posture of the Enemy who on Monday the 26th brought Intelligence that the Turks were advancing towards Waisen in the hollow Way Whereupon the Duke continued his March and next Day arrived in the Plains of Waisen where the Enemy being about 15000 strong appeared drawn up in Battallia Their right Wing flanked with Janizaries stood upon the Mountain but their left drew towards the City which made the Duke put himself immediately into a Posture of Defence flanking the Cavalry with the Infantry This was hardly done when the Enemy discharged 5 Pieces of Cannon they had with great Fury several times upon the Imperialists right Wing but without any Damage so that they quitted that Station and fell briskly upon the left but were soon beaten back in great Disorder and Confusion towards the right where they were so warmly plied with the German Cannon that they immediately retired the Horse towards Pest and as many of the Foot as saved themselves into the City having lost in all about 1000 and among them one Basha but with very little loss to the Germans especially since the Duke of Lorain escaped so well though so narrowly for his Horse was shot through the Neck during the Engagement The Consequence of this Success was after the firing of some Cannon the Surrender of Waisen upon Discretion From hence the Army marched towards Pest after having garrisoned the other Place with 2000 Foot 500 Curassiers and 300 Dragoons On Monday the 10th of July the whole Army got over the Danube and encamped at a Place called St. Andrew their Left Wing being secured by the Danube and their Right by an unaccessible Mountain and right against them a broad and long Marsh But for all this the Enemy not only advanced towards Noon but divided themselves into 2 Wings and leaving the great Marsh in the middle fell with great Noise and Fury upon the Germans whose Cavalry thereupon a little advanced upon their Left Wing but were immediately ordered back by the Duke's Commands In the mean time the Turks had beaten back the Christians Watch but the Prince of Salm who commanded the Rear-guard stoutly opposed them and being reinforced with a Battallion of Infantry and with some Pieces of Cannon from the Duke he utterly routed and pursued them near upon 2 Miles when the Turks rallied again and fell with great Fury upon the Right Wing tho' a continued 〈◊〉 from 20 Pieces of Cannon which the Germans had planted quickly drove them back to the Tops of the Mountains where they thought to secure themselves But 〈◊〉 Bastemburg Battallion who had before hid themselves in the Bushes of those Mountains did so â—epper them with their Shot that the foremost were constrained to quit them Saddles and the hindermost to seek for shelter among the Bushes from whence they were beaten down headlong by another Battallion into the Valley where they were again extremly gauled by the Germans Cannon and being forced to retire to their Right Wing which by this time had put themselves into some Order they fell with their whole Power upon the Christians Left who bravely opposed them and upon their retreat were intercepted by Sâ—affeâ—berg's Regiment and a Party of Dragoons who had posted themselves on the Right-hand of the Marsh and divers of them slain Upon this they fled to a Mountain where their Artillery was planted and tarried
intimate my Mind otherwise I do hereby require all my Vassals any where and all within my several Jurisdictions with their fensible Men within their Command to go to Arms and to join and concur with us according to the said Declaration as they shall be answerable at their Peril and that they obey the particular Orders they shall receive from me from time to time I need not tell the World the Fate of this brave Man it was generally believed at that time that Sir John Cockram who came over with him betrayed him as some Body else was thought to have done by the Duke of Monmouth but however that Matter was in Reality Thus it happened with the Earl that after several Marches and Countermarches his Men were at length lead into a Boggy sort of a Place on Pretence or with Intention to bring him off from the King's Army then upon the Heels of them where they all lost one another dispersed and shifted for themselves The Earl himself being taken by a Country Man and brought to Edenburgh he there suffered for his former unpardonable Crime in requiring Care should be taken for the Protestant Religion and the Explaining the Test conformable thereunto for the Legality of which he had the Hands of most of the Eminent Lawyers about the City He made a very pious End being beheaded at Edenburgh June 30. But this Business of Argyle was but like Thunder afar off to what happened soon after in the West of England K. James was so apprehensive not only before but even after his Ascension to the Throne of the Duke of Monmouth's Designs against him that he used his utmost Endeavours by his Envoy Mr. Skelton in Holland to get him secured and sent into England which Design could not yet he carried so covertly but that the Prince of Orange came to the Knowledge of it who having more Honour and Goodness in him than to suffer an innocent forelorn Man to fall into the Hands of those who had been the Occasion of his Exile and Misery did not only give the Duke Notice of the Plot against him but gave him Money to go privately to Brussels with a farther Assurance that if he would go to the Campaign in Hungary he would maintain him at his own Charge with an Equipage suitable to his Quality But his Fate led him to return again privately from thence into Holland where having concerted his Measures with such Refugiated English as he found there they embarked on 3 small Vessels and about June 12 lan ded at Lyme in Dorsetshire where the Duke in his own and the rest of his Followers Names put out his Declaration which because the State at that time were so far from thinking fit to publish as they were Argyle's that they made it Criminal to read it and used all their Endeavours to smother it we shall here give you Word for Word The DECLARATION of James Duke of Monmouth and the Noblemen Gentlemen and others now in Arms for the Defence and Vindication of the Protestant Religion and the Laws Rights and Priviledges of ENGLAND AS Government was originally instituted by God and this or that Form of it chosen and submitted to by Men for the Peace Happiness and Security of the Governed and not for the private Interest and personal Greatness of those that rule So that Government hath always been esteemed the best where the Supream Magistrates have been invested with all the Power and Prerogatives that might capacitate them not only to preserve the People from Violence and Oppression but to promote their Prosperity and yet where nothing was to belong to them by the Rules of the Constitution that might enable them to injure and oppress them And it hath been the Glory of England above most other Nations that the Prince had all intrusted with him that was necessary either for the advancing the Welfare of the People or for his own Protection in the Discharge of his Office and withal stood so limited and restrained by the Fundamental Terms of the Constitution that without a Violation of his own Oath as well as the Rules and Measures of the Government he could do them no hurt or exercise any Act of Authority but through the Administration of such Hands as stood obnoxious to be punished in case they transgressed So that according to the primitive Frame of the Government the Prerogatives of the Crown and the Privileges of the Subject are so far from justling one another that the Rights reserved unto the People tended to render the King Honourable and Great and the Prerogatives settled on the Prince were in order to the Subjects Protection and Safety But all Humane Things being subject to Perversion as well as Decay it hath been the Fate of the English Government to be often changed and wrested from what it was in the first Settlement and Institution And we are particularly compelled to say that all the Boundaries of the Government have of late been broken and nothing left unattempted for turning our limited Monarchy into an absolute Tyranny For such hath been the Transaction of Affairs within this Nation for several Years last past that though the Protestant Religion and Liberties of the People were fenced and hedged about by as many Laws as the Wisdom of Man could devise for their Preservation against Popery and Arbitrary Power our Religion hath been all along countermined by Popish Counsels and our Privileges ravished from us by Fraud and Violence And more especially the whole Course and Series of the Life of the D. of Y. hath been but one continued Conspiracy against the Reformed Religion and the Rights of the Nation For whoever considers his contriving the burning of London his instigating a Confederacy with France and a War with Holland his fomenting the Popish Plot and encouraging the Murther of Sir Ed. Godfrey to stifle it his charging Treason against Protestants suborning Witnesses to swear the Patriots of our Religion and Liberties out of their Lives his hiring execrable Villains to assassinate the late Earl of Essex and causing those others to be clandestinely cut off in hopes to conceal it his advising and procuring the Prorogation and Dissolution of Parliaments in order to prevent their looking into his Crimes and that he might escape the Justice of the Nation Such can imagine nothing so black and horrid in it self or so ruinous and destructive to Religion and the Kingdom which we may not expect from him The very Tyrannies which he hath exercised since he snatched the Crown from his Brother's Head do leave none under a Possibility of flattering themselves with Hopes of Safety eithor in their Consciencies Persons or Estates For in defiance of all the Laws and Statutes of the Realm made for the Security of the Reformed Protestant Religion he not only began his Reign with a bare-faced A vowing himself of the Romish Religion but call'd in Multitudes of Priests and Jesâ—its for whom the
his Summons to him to surrender by telling the Messenger Go tell your General I 'll meet him upon the Breach The Brandenburghers entred the Town much the same time as the Imperialists did and the Bavarians soon after so that forcing the Enemy from their several Posts and Retrenchments the Assailants advanced to the Market-place and in an Hour's time were absolute Masters of the Place But the Turks after the Christians were entred the Town sprung a Mine and by the Means of a Train laid for that Purpose set several Houses on fire which continued burning till next Morning and consumed abundance of rich Movables However the Soldiers found a great deal of Plate Jewels Money c. insomuch that many of them got 2 or 3000 l. a Man It was computed there was 5000 fighting Men in the Town at the time of the Assault and that 3000 of them were slain in the first Heat and Fury of the Soldiers but about 1500 of them retiring into a Redoubt on the side of the Castle put out a White Flag and begged for Quarter which after holding a Council of War was in Consideration of the approaching Night and the Confusion occasioned in the Town by the Fire granted them But the Vice-Basha and the Aga of the Janizaries with some others of Note were taken Prisoners before this Of the Christians there were about 500 slain and not quite so many wounded but the Number of Cannon and Mortars they found in the Town was very great there being no less than 400 Pieces of Cannon in all and of them 170 were fit for Service but most of them dismounted and there was also considerable Ammunition left still But what made the Conquest of this important Place so very glorious was That it was obtained in the Sight of the whole Turkish Army commanded by the Grand Visier in Person who lay encamped within a Mile of Buda and had possess'd himself of an Hill from whence he pretended to incommode the Christians with his Cannon yet being observ'd narrowly by the brave Prince Lewis of Baden who commanded upon this Occasion he set fire to his Camp as soon as he heard the Town was taken and retired towards Alba Regalis It was reported by a Deserter That the Basha of Buda had 2 Days before the Place fell into the Hands of the Christians written a very bold Letter to the Grand Visier telling him That for his own part he had performed his Duty by a long and vigorous Defence but that the Grand Visier could not excuse himself that he had so long been in sight of the Place without Relieving it which he could not but have done had his Men had but as much Courage as the Women in the Town had during the Siege Things were no sooner set in order at Buda but the Army moved to Paxi the Duke having sent Count Caraffa with a strong Detachment to lay Siege to Segedin and the Prince of Baden with another to take in Five Churches of whose Expedition we shall first give a short Account and then return to the other The Prince having joined some of the Croatian Forces did on the 16th of Oct. after a very difficult March arrive before Five Churches the Turks at the same time setting fire to the Town and retiring into the Castle But the Imperial Dragoons presently scaling the Walls threw themselves into the Place with their Sabres in their Hands and opened the Gates to the other Troops who immediately quenched the Fire and intrenched themselves in the principal Posts as far as the great Mosque and the Night following advanced within Musket-shot of the Castle and began to raise Batteries However the Castle being an irregular Square fortified with 4 Roundels and some other Works according to the Modern Fortification and encompassed with Hills of very difficult Access and having a Garrison of 2500 Men in it commanded by a Basha and 7 Beys made the Siege go on but slowly at first and especially in that the Imperial Troops stood in great need of Forage Yet on the 18th and 19th the Besiegers battered the Place continually with their Cannon and having made a Breach next Day began 3 Mines the Prince in the mean while sending threatning Summons to the Besieged to surrender who returned no Answer that Day but next Morning by a Letter desired that some Person might be sent to them Hereupon Hostages were exchanged and the Treaty of Surrender was set on foot which the Prince would allow upon no other Terms than at Discretion and the other wanting Ammunition were constrained to submit to so that not only the Garrison but the Inhabitants which were many in Number were made Prisoners of War As soon as ever the Prince of Baden had put a good Garrison into Five Churches he divided his Forces into 2 Bodies with one of them himself marched towards Dardâ— and the Count de Sherffenberg advanced with the other to Syclos and on the 25th of Oct. arrived before it After he had sent his Summons to the Turks who were retired into the Castle and by their Answer appeared resolute to defend it he began his Attack the next Day and continued it till the last Day of the Month with that Success that his Mines being ready to be sprung the Besieged surrender'd at Discretion the Garrison being made Prisoners of War and the Women and Children conducted to other Places After this the Count marched to rejoin the Prince of Baden marching as before towards Darda Upon whose Approach tho' there were 2 Basha's with 3000 Horse posted there to cover the Fortress yet they retired into Esseck leaving only a small Body of Horse behind to observe the Motions of the imperialists who advanced directly towards Esseck and with several Fire-works prepared for that Purpose set the Bridge on fire And notwithstanding the Enemy played upon them all the while with their Cannon from Esseck yet they quite destroyed it from Darda to the Drave as likewise the Bridge of Boats which the Turks had over that River After this the Prince marched back to Capsowar which the Turks quickly surrender'd upon Articles and were conducted to Sigeth the Prince at the same time now the Season was advanced and the Weather grown very bad putting his Troops into Winter-Quarters where we will leave them and return to Count Caraffa who on the 5th of Oct. invested Segedin This Work was afterwards left to be carried on by General Wallis or Welch and English Man in the Absence of Count Caraffa who performed his Part very gallantly and being reinforced with some Horse and Dragoons from the Duke of Lorain under the Command of Major-General Veterani he pushed on the Siege with great Vigour though the Garrison made a stout Resistance and Provisions grew scarce in his Camp To which adding the other Difficulties that arose from the Season they began to render the Enterprize after all very hazardous But the Care the
a Regiment of Curassiers and one of Dragoons and moved up the Drave towards the Fort which the Imperialists had over that River near Siclos near unto which he arrived July 1 sending at the same time some Detachments out to scowr the Fields and discover the Posture of the Enemy of whom they could get no certain Intelligence Yet the Duke failed in his Expectation of passing the River there also which was so overflown that there was no Possibility of it So that he sent Troops up along the same to try if there was no other place where he might do it and resolved that in case it was impossible to imploy his Army in the Siege of Sigeth But the Time spun out to the 5th of the Month when General Dunwald who came from the other side of the River with between 〈◊〉 and 4000 Men Horse and Foot was ordered by the Duke to post the Heydukes upon the Hills in order to facilitate the Passage of the Troops while in the mean time 9 Bridges were finished that had been ordered to be laid over Morasses So that on the 6th some Companies of Foot and Dragoons were wasted over in Boats with Orders to incamp on the other side of the Drave and there to intrench themselves which they did with great Diligence being â—assisted therein mightily with 1200 Peasants brought thither for that Purpose And notwithstanding the variety of different Reports that were spread concerning the Enemies Army the whole Army Horse and Foot together with their Artillery and Baggage passed the Drave by the 13th when the Elector of Bavaria came into the Camp having left his Troops some Leagues of which got up towards the Evening and then a Review was taken of the Army which was found to be 55000 Men. From the foresaid Place the Army marched towards the Enemy and on their Way heard divers uncertain Reports concerning their Number Strength and Design but they moved on and the Elector of Bavaria who Commanded the Van guard did on the 17th place himself at the Head of some Squadrons and 2 Battallions with some Dragoons and 2 Field-Pieces in Battel Array as well as the Ground would admit in a Plain interlain with Wood and faced on the other side with a Morass and in this Posture found 3000 of the Enemies Horse advantageously posted at the Entrance of the Defiles whom he charged with that Bravery that they quitted their Post which 2 of his Battallions took possession of The Army at the same time moving forwards through the Defiles the Duke of Lorrain lead the Van on the 18th and after very great Difficulty from the Badness of the Ways and Firings of the Enemies Detachments who killed a great many of the Christians they were by the 20th draws up in Battel Array in the Form of an Half-Moon about half a League from the Turkish Camp The Duke of Lorrain did all that was possible to draw the Turks to a Battel and sent several Detachments to skirmish to the very Head of their Retrenchments but all to no Purpose So that the Christians perceived by the Enemies Countenance they were not disposed to fight tho' they made great use of their Ordinance all the while But it was not thought at all expedient to attack them there seeing they were so strongly intrenched and that since the coming up of the Grand Visier their Number was computed to be near 80000 Men. â—esides all which the Christians beginning to want Forage Provisions and Ammunition it was resolved after 24 Hours stay in a Council of War to decamp from thence which was done on the 21st and the Retreat made in very good Order the Turks not concerning themselves much to hinder it only they contented themselves vigorously to change a Guard that had been out off if the Elector of Bavania at the Head of a Neuburg Squadron had not succoured them so that the Army on the 23d repassed the Drave but had like to have perished first For some Traytors holding Intelligence with the Grand Visier had undertaken to cut the Cables that held the Bridges but the Design was happily discovered and one of the Officers seiz'd and immediately Empaled his wicked Accomplishes having by their Flight escaped the Punishment So that in short the Army by the 29th was got near to Mahatz where they were reinforced with the Swabian Troops amounting to 8000 Men which enabled the Duke besides a Detachment sent under Veterani to reinforce the Blockade of Agâ—ia and another towards Croatia to send a strong Body of 8000 Men under General Dunwald to cover Syclos and Five Churches while himself with the main Army designed to direct his March towards Felixmarton But that Resolution was quickly changed upon his receiving Information on the 31st That the Grand Visier had the Night before passed the Bridges near Esseck with his whole Army who spent Aug. 1 in intrenching themselves which yet did not hinder the Duke to advance towards them to engage them if possible to a Battel and to give that gallant Man his due he neglected nothing on his part that might induce them to it though with little appearance of Success Till at last being vex'd with the Loss of Time he resolved to make the Army fall back as well to get at some distance from a Wood whence the Tartars disturbed his Foragers as to induce once more the Grand Visier to quit his Camp and to follow him This Retreat was done on the 8th but without Success neither which put the Imperialists upon making a shew as if they would take away the Garrisons of Syclos and Five Churches and abandon those Places and accordingly they continued a slow March that way And thus Things continued to the 12th when the Grand Visier possibly at last presuming that the Christians declined Fighting caused the greatest part of his Troops to advance and about 2 in the Afternoon 10000 Spahi's and 5000 Janizaries were seen directly to march upon the Left Wing of the Imperialists where the Duke of Bavaria with Prince Lewis of Baden Commanded They were led on by some Bodies of Horse whose Charge General Dunwald vigorously stood the Brunt of after which he retreated upon the first Line when in a Moment after a Body of Janizaries posted themselves upon a rising Ground with some Pieces of Cannon laden with Chain-shot which fired upon the Left of the Imperialists to endeavour to put them into Disorder This and the advancing of the 10000 Spahi's made the Duke of Bavaria to order the Front of the Left Wing to be enlarged according as he perceived that of the Enemy to do which yet could not hinder Time enough the Regiments of Savoy and Commercy to be attacked both in Front and Flank with extraordinary Fury who stood as firmly to it till the Elector hasted thither to assist them where he received a slight Wound by a Bullet in his Hand But while Things passed thus on the Left the Duke of Lorain had formed
a Crescent on the Right Wing whose Right extended towards the Flank of the Enemy who attackt the Left and the Left side went to encounter another Body of Spahi's and Janizaries that came up to charge them And now the Battel grew very hot and they fought a long time on both sides with extraordinary Courage the Turks being observed to do it more orderly than in former Battels But at length the Day inclined in favour of the Christian Army the Infidels beginning by little and little to lose Ground and very quickly after betook themselves to an open Fight the Imperialists pursuing them to their very Camp which they entred Pell-mell with the Conquered made an horrible Slaughter of all that came before them and mastered all the Retrenchments without halting and all with the Loss of not above 700 Men. But it cost the Turks much dearer for besides 2000 slain upon the Spot there was a vast Number of them drowned in the Morasses and the River into which they fell by the breaking of the Bridge which being put together made it amount by the Estimate of some to about 16000 Men. But how uncertain soever the Number of Men lost might be the Booty was very great and beneficials for besides an 116 Pieces of Cannon and Mortars a vast Quantity of Ammunition with divers Standards and Colours there was a World of Silver and precious Moveables found in the Camp and particularly the Elector of Bavaria had a very rich Booty of the Grand Visier's Tent for his Share which was so vast that it rather resembled a Castle than what it was really made for and was enriched with Gold Pearls and precious Stones all that Officer's Plate his Jewels Moveables Chancery and 40000 Duckats that were found in his Treasury But though this Blow might have been thought to be a fatal one to the Turks yet there was one Accident hapned in the Nick of it that gave them an Opportunity to breath and re-assume some fresh Strength and diverted the main Army of the Christians in the Designs they had to prosecute their Advantages upon the Drave And that was the Prince of Transilvania notwithstanding the Treaty he had made with the Emperor his suddain declaring himself in favour of the Port. But this we shall come to by and by and observe at present that though the most important Work of the remaining Campaign was to endeavour to reduce the said Prince to the former Compact yet there was a Necessity of covering Syclos and Five Churches and therefore this Work was consigned into the Hands of General Dunwald who had further Orders to endeavour to pass the Drave and attempt as he saw Opportunity the Fortress of Esseck and other Places possest by the Turks in Sclavonia It was on the 30th of Aug. before the said General could pass the Drave and what with cross Intelligence and had Weather he made it the 11th of Sept. before he began the Siege of the Castle of Butschin situated between the Drave and the Save the taking of which would be a means for the Troops of Croatia to extend their Winter-Quarters as far as the last of the said Rivers The Works were carried on with much Application and the Commanding Aga summoned to surrender whose Answer was To defend the Place to the last Extremity which he had so much the more Reason for in that the Bey of Possega had sent him Word he would speedily relieve him and threatning withal to empale him if he performed not his Duty However the Battery that was directed against the Castle having by the 14th made a considerable Breach it made the Aga seeing now the Place was in great Danger of being taken by Storm think better of the Matter and beat a Parley But no other Terms would be allowed him than a Surrender at Discretion which he was forced to submit to and consign into the Hands of the Imperialists that important Fortress which laid about 100 Villages under Contribution and covered Virovitza and St. George from the Enterprizes of the Turks and was a Means to hinder them from passing the Drave to put Succours into Sigeth and Canisia But though this successful Enterprize seemed to promise so much yet what followed in relation to Esseck was of much greater Importance For tho' the General according to the first Intelligence he received in relation to the Garrison thought he should be obliged to force it by a formal Siege yet being soon after informed by a Deserter that the Garrison of the said Place having Notice of his March had abandoned it on the 29th of Sept. and that so hastily that they forgot to fire 7 Mines for the blowing up the Fortifications at their Retreat He was as much surprized at the Relation at first as he was over-joyed afterwards when upon the Information of the Count de Lodron whom upon the News he had detached thither he was confirmed of the Truth of the Deserter's Account With this further Addition That he found 52 Pieces of Cannon 4 Mortars and a vast Quantity of Ammunition and Provisions therein The Consequence of this Desertion of Esseck was the Surrender of Walpo at Discretion and the Abandouing of Possega the Capital City of Sclavonia with some other Places on that side But as for the principal Army under the Command of the Duke of Lorain they passed the Danube on the 19th of Aug. near Mohatz directing their March towards Peter-Waradin which the Duke had an Eye upon before he went any further but finding the Grand Visier advantageously posted with his whole Army not far from it and that his Design was impracticable he moved towards Segedin where the Duke staid till the 15th of Sept. expecting the Emperor's Orders and then he passed the Theysse marching directly towards Transylvania to take up his Winter-Quarters there tho' the Auxiliary Troops of Suabia refused to march along with him which all the Submission and Offers of Money and other Refreshments by Prince Abafti who was now sensible of his Error would not exempt him from For the Duke wholly reduced that Country under the Emperor's Obedience causing all the Prince's Troops to evacuate the Fortresses into which he put Imperial Forces and withal concluded a very advantageous Treaty with Prince Abafti and the States of Transylvania This so much more heightned the Joy of the Imperial Court now at Presburg the Capital City of Imperial Hungary since they had by that time the Duke of Lorain arrived there so well settled all Things with the States of that Country in relation to Arch-Duke Joseph the Emperor's eldest Son his being invested with the Regal Dignity of that Kingdom that the Ceremony of the Coronation of him was performed not long after viz. on the 9th of Dec. with the greatest Solemnity And if the Regaining the Submission of one Principality for the Father and the Investiture of a Kingdom for the Son made the one a Sweetning for the other
engage to God and one another that if any such Attempt be made upon him we will pursue not only those who make it but all their Adherents and all that we find in Arms against us with the utmost Severity of a just Revenge to their Ruine and Destruction And that the Execution of any such Attempt which God of his Infinite Mercy forbid shall not divert us from prosecuting this Cause which we do now undertake but that it shall engage us to carry it on with all the Rigour that so barbarous a Practice shall deserve On the 20th of November there happened a Skirmish at Wincanton between a Detachment of 70 Horse and 50 Dragoons and Granadiers commanded by Colonel Sarsfeild and about 30 of the Prince of Orange's Men Commanded by one Cambel where notwithstanding the great Inequality of Numbers yet the latter fought with that desperate Bravery that it struck a Terrour into the Minds of the Army who were otherwise sufficiently averse from Fighting And besides the Action was every where magnified so much above the real Truth that it shewed clearly how much Men wished the Prosperity of the Prince's Arms. On the 22th of November the Nobility Gentry and Commonalty then assembled at Nottingham made this Declaration VVE the Nobility Gentry and Commonalty of these Northern Counties assembled at Nottingham for the Defence of the Laws Religion and Properties according to the Free-born Liberties and Privileges descended to us from our Ancestors as the undoubted Birth-right of the Subjects of this Kingdom of England not doubting but the Iâ—fringers and Invaders of our Rights will represent us to the rest of the Nation in the most malicious Dress they can put upon us do here unanimously think it our Duty to declare to the rest of our Protestant Fellow-Subjects the Grounds of our present Undertaking We are by innumerable Grievances made sensible that the very Fundamentals of our Religion Liberties and Properties are about to be rooted out by our late Jesuitical Privy-Council as has been of late too apparent 1. By the King's dispensing with all the Established Laws at his Pleasure 2. By displacing all Officers out of all Offices of Trust and Advantage and placing others in their room that are known Papists deservedly made incapable by the Established Laws of this Land 3. By destroying the Charters of most Corporations in the Land 4. By discouraging all Persons that are not Papists and preferring such as turn to Popery 5. By displacing all honest and consciencious Judges unless they would contrary to their Consciences declare that to be Law which was merely arbitrary 6. By branding all Men with the Name of Rebels that but offered to justifie the Laws in a Legal Course against the Arbitrary Proceedings of the King or any of his corrupt Ministers 7. By burthening the Nation with an Army to maintain the Violation of the Rights of the Subjects and by discountenancing the Established Religion 8. By forbidding the Subjects the Benefit of Petitioning and construing them Libellers so rendering the Laws a Nose of Wax to serve their Arbitrary Ends. And many more such like too long here to enumerate We being thus made sadly sensible of the Arbitrary and Tyrannical Government that is by the Influence of Jesuitical Counsels coming upon us do unanimously declare That not being willing to deliver our Posterity over to such a Condition of Popery and Slavery as the aforesaid Oppressions do inevitably threaten we will to the utmost of our power oppose the same by joining with the Prince of Orange whom we hope God Almighty hath sent to rescue us from the Oppressions aforesaid and will use our utmost Endeavours for the Recovery of our almost-ruined Laws Liberties and Religion And herein we hope all good Protestant Subjects will with their Lives and Fortunes be assistant to us and not be bugbear'd with the opprobrious Terms of Rebels by which they would affright us to become perfect Slaves to their Tyrannical Insolencies and Usurpatations For we assure our selves that no rational and unbyassed Person will judge it Rebellion to defend our Laws and Religion which all our Princes have at their Coronation sworn to do Which Oath how well it hath been observed of late we desire a Free Parliament may have the Consideration of We own it Rebellion to resist a King that governs by Law But he was always accounted a Tyrant that made his Will the Law and to resist such an one we justly esteem no Rebellion but a necessary Defence And on this Consideration we doubt not of all honest Mens Assistance and humbly hope for and implore the Great GOD's Protection who turneth the Hearts of His People as pleaseth Him best it having been observed that People can never be of one Mind without His Inspiration Which hath in all Ages confirmed that Observation Vox Populi est Vox Dei The present Restoring the Charters and Reversing the oppressing and unjust Judgment given on the Fellows of Magdalen College is plain are but to still the People like Plumbs to Children by deceiving them for a while But if they shall by this Stratagem be fooled till this present Storm that threatens the Papists be past as soon as they shall be re-settled the former Oppression will be put on with greater Vigour But we hope In vain is the Net spread in sight of the Birds For the Papists old Rule is that Faith is not to be kept with Hereticks as they term Protestants tho' the Popish Religion is the greatest Heresie And Queen Mary's so ill observing her Promises to the Suffolk Men that helped her to her Throne And above all the Pope's dispensing with the Breach of Oaths Treaties or Promises at his pleasure when it makes for the Service of Holy Church as they term it These we say are such convincing Reasons to hinder us from giving Credit to the aforesaid Mock-Shews of Redress that we think our selves bound in Conscience to rest on no Security that shall not be approved by a Freely-elected Parliament To whom under GOD we refer our Cause In the mean time the Nobility about the King having used all the Arguments they could invent to persuade him to call a Free Parliament and finding him immovable fix'd iâ— a contrary Resolution and the Army in great Discontent Disorder and Fear and the whole Nation ready to take fire the Duke of Grafton the Lord Churchill and many other Protestant Nobility left him and went over to the Prince of Orange who was then at Sherburn as did also Prince George of Denmark the Duke of Ormond and Sir George Hewet Nov. 25th The Prince at his going away left the following Letter for the King SIR WIth an Heart full of Grief am I forced to write what Prudence will not permit me to say to your Face And may I eâ—er find Credit with Your Majesty and Protection from Heaven as what I now do is free from Passion Vanity or Design with which Actions of this Nature
his Boot but did all that the greatest of Captains could do upon this Occasion he chose the Field drew up his Army gave out his general Orders where-ever he was in Person and demeaned himself throughout with that Gallantry Resolution and Presence of Mind so peculiar to himself and was such a Poise for the Inclination of the Battel to his own side that even his very Enemies confess'd That if we changed Kings with them they would fight the Battel over again with us For the late King during most of the time stood with some Squadrons of Horse upon the Hill called Dunmore and when the Officer that commanded saw from thence how ill it went with their Friends below and as it was said moved his Master that they might go down and help them His answer was What will you leave me alone and so march'd off to Duleek and from thence in great haste to Dublin where the first News was That the English General was kill'd and the Prince of Orange as they called him taken Prisoner But of this they were quickly undeceived My Lady Tyrconnell when he got into the Castle asked him what he would have for Supper who told her what a Breakfast he had had which made him have but little Stomach for his Supper And next Morning after having told the Citizens that he was necessitated to yield to Force and some such Stuff and that they were become a Prey to the Conqueror but that he should not cease to labour their Deliverance as long as he liued he posted away for Waterford where he arrived the same day taking care to have the Bridges broken down behind him for fear of being pursued and where he went on board a Vessel called The Count de Isauzun that was ready to receive him But the Sieâ—r Foran Chief of the Squadron meeting him at Sea obliged him to go on board one of his Frigats for his quicker Passage and so he got once more into France In the mean time the English Army rested the next day after the Battel to refresh themselves while 5 Battalions of Foot and 4 Squadrons of Horse were detatch'd under the Command of Mounsieur Melonier to take in Drogheda the Governour whereof received the first Summons very indifferently but at last considering better of it and believing now the Irish Army to have been totally routed he laid hold of the Offers made him and the Garrison march'd out of the place with their Baggage only leaving their Arms behind them King James had no sooner left Dublin but the Protestants took Possession of it and the Duke of Ormâ—nd whom the King sent thither found Captain Farloâ— Governour who but two days before had been Prisoner and the King himself with his Army arrived at Finglass within 2 Miles of the City on the 5th of July from whence he went next day to St. Patrick's Church but returned after Dinner to the Camp where 2 days after he set out his Declaration to the Irish assuring all under such a Quality of his Protection and then divided the Army going himself with the greatest part of it beyond Dublin in order to march Westward sending at the same time Lieutenant General Douglass with 3 Regiments of Horse 2 of Dragoons and 10 of Foot towards Athlone which is 50 Miles N. of Dublin He having sent out a Party while on his March to get Intelligence besides a great Prey of Cattle which they brought from the Enemies Quarters they also took two Spies with Letters from Athlone one of which was to advise one Tute to defend an Island nigh Mullingar in which he had store of Horses and several things of Value And in another which was from an Officer in Athlone to his Father in the Country There was Information given That the Earl of Tyrconnell the Duke of Berwick and several great Officers were come to Limerick with a good Body of Horse and that their Army would be there in 2 or 3 days so that they would make either a Hog or a Dog on 't as he express'd it That the Dauphin was landed in England with a great Army That the French had beat the English and Dutch Fleets That Duke Schomberg was dead and it was said the Prince of Orange was so too That their King was gone for France but it was no great matter said he where he was for they were better without him which shews they had no great Opinion of him And after the Letter was sealed he writ on the out-side Just now we have an Accout by a Gentleman that is come from Dubâ—in That Orange is certainly dead so that all will be well again From Mullingar Douglass conntinued his March and July 17th reached Athlone Incamping within a quarter of a Mile of the Town from whence he sent a Drum to summon it But old Colonel Grace the Governour fired a Pistol at him and sent word Those were the Terms he was for The Place was strong by Nature and Art and our Force not very considerable for that Enterprise however they contrived some Batteries and planted 2 Field-pieces which did the Enemies Guns some Damageâ— and an 150 Men out of each Regiment were ordered to make and carry Fascines And about the 19th they had a Battery of 6 Guns finish'd nigh the Bridge-end which plaid upon the Castle and made a small Breach towards the top But the Train was too small for the Enterprise However the firing continued on both sides but the Misfortune of Mr. Nelson the best Gunner being killed with a small Shot and the News that Sarssield was was advancing with 15000 Men to raise the Siege made the General to send all his sick and wounded Men towards Mullingar and next day in the he Evening called all the Colonels to a Council of War where he told the Necessity of raising the Siege especially since he had but very little Bread all the while and that there was some Reason to believe the Irish Army would cut off his Communication from Dublin So that there were Orders given to be ready to march at 12 that Night when the Baggage was sent away and at break of day the 25th the Army followed having lost about 30 Men before the Town but their number was diminished thro' other Distasters at least 3 or 400. The King in the mean time moving Westward as we informed you reach'd Kill-Kullen-Bridge July 11thâ— and being himself that Morning passing by the Ness and seeing a Soldier robbing a poor Woman he was so much inraged at it that he beat him first with his Cane and gave Orders that he and divers others guilty of the like Disobedienceâ— should be hanged the Munday following But tho' some People were so Audacious as to put an ill Construction upon this Action of the King 's yet it had so good an Effect upon that part of the Army that the Country was secured from any Violence done by the Soldiers during that whole March to
they found an old Fort built by their Ancestors which they were very proud of and from thence they fired 3 or 4 Field-pieces upon the Irish that lay intrenched between them and the Town As soon as the Army was posted the King ordered a Trumpet to be sent with a Summons to the Town where as was understood since a great many of the Garrison were for Capitulating But Monsieur Boisâ—leau the Governours the Duke of Berwick and Colonel Sarsfiâ—â—d opposed it with a great deal of heat saying There were great Divisions and Insurrections in England that the Dauphin was landed there with 50000 Men and that the Prince of Orange would quickly be obliged to withdraw his Forces thither Hereupon Monsieur Boiselau sent the Trumpeter back with a Letter directed to Sir Robert Southwelâ— Secretary of State for he would not as 't is supposed send directly to the King because of avoiding to give him the Title of Majesty importing That he was surprized at the Summons and that he thought the best way to gain the Prince of Orange ' s good Opinion was by a vigorous Defence of the Town which his Master had entrusted him withal And so the Cannon plaid on from both sides and next Morning early which was Aug. 13th the King sent 8 Squadrons of Horse and Dragoons and 3 Regiments of Foot over the River which they passed though it was very rapid and dangerous and some of them encamped beyond the Ford the rest was ordered thus The King's Camp was on the Right in the 2d Line next him the Horse-guards and blew Duâ—ch then some English and Duâ—ch Regiments then the French and Danes and behind all the Horse tho' after some time they encamped rather conveniently than regularly Neither were the Irish idle but they fell to build Forts between the Besiegers and the Irish Town one to the Sâ—â—gate and the other towards the 〈◊〉 which proved serviceable to them But not so much a disadvantage to us as the surprizing of the Train that was upon the Road to join the Army It was reported a French-man and one of the Gunners ran away the Day before from the Army and got into Limerick and gave the Enemy an account where the English Train lay as also of those Guns and other things that were coming up where the King's Tent stood and divers other things that might be material for them to know and therefore they plaid very briskly upon the Train as also towards the King's Tent which he was prevailed with at last to remove but this was not all For though on Munday one Manus O Brian a substantial Country Gentleman came to the Camp and gave notice that Sarsfield with a Body of Horse had passed the River in the Night and designed something extraordinary yet he was so far from being taken notice of at first that most People looked upon what he said as a Dream and though a great Officer called him aside as though he designed to have some more particular information yet his main business was to interrogate him concerning a Prey of Cattle in such a Place which the Gentleman complained of afterward saying He was sorry to see General Officers mind Cattle more than the King's Honour But after he had met with some acquaintance he was brought to the King who to prevent the worst gave orders that 500 Horse-should be made ready and march to meet the Guns But where-ever the fault lay it was certainly 1 or 2 in the Morning before the Party marched which they did very softly till after they saw a great light in the Air and heard a strange rumbling Noise which some conjectured to be the Train blown up as it really was For our Train having on Munday marched beyond Cullen to a little old ruinous Castle called Ballenedy not 7 Miles from the Camp Sarsfield lurked all that day in the Mountains and having notice where and how our Men lay he had those that guided him through By-ways to the very spot where he fell in among them before they were aware and cut several of them to pieces with a great many of the Waggoners and some Country People that were carrying Provisions to the Camp The Officer commanding in chief when he saw how it was commanded to sound to Horse but those that endeavoured to fetch them up were killed as they went out or else saw it was too late to return The Officers and others made what resistance they could but they were every Man at length obliged to shift for themselves so that there were in all about 60 Persons killed but it did not end here For the Irish got up what Horses they could meet withall belonging either to the Troops or Train some broke the Boats and others drew all the Carriages and Waggons with the Bread Ammunition and as many of the Guns as they could get in so short a time into one heap they filled the Guns with Powder and put their Mouths into the Ground that they might thereby certainly split What they could pick up in an hurry they took away with them and then laid a Train to the rest which being fired at their going off blew up all with an astonishing Noise but for all that 2 of the Guns received no damage The Irish took no Prisoners on this occasion only a Lieutenant of Colonel Earl's being sick in a House hard-by was stript and brought to Sarsfield who used him very civilly and told him if he had not succeeded in that Enterprize he would have gone for France The party of Horse that was sent from the Camp came up after the business was over in sight of the Enemy's Rear But wheeling towards the left to endeavour to intercept the Enemy's Passage over the Shannon they unhappily went another way The News of this Adventure was very unwelcome in the Camp and even the very private Men shewed their concern at it However the Siege went on and the Trenches were opened the 17th and a Battery raised below the Fort to the Right of the Trenches which dismounted some of the Enemy's Cannon and the day following his Majesty himself was in great danger For while the Enemy fired very thick he rid softly up towards Cromwell's Port and as his Horse was directly entring the Gap he was staid by a Gentleman who came to speak to him when in the veâ—â— moment there struck a 24 Pounder in the very Place which would have struck the King and his Horse too to pieces if his usual good Angel had not defended him It struck the Dust all about him however though he took little notice of it but alighting came and laid himself down on the Fort among all the Dust It will be an endless thing to trace every particular of the Attacks and Defences and therefore I shall only observe that on Wednesday the 27th of Aug. after a Breach had been made nigh St. John's Gate over the black Battery of about 12 Yards in length and
and not only so but as it has the most convenient Ports in all that Kingdom and perhaps in the World so there the French King generally landed all his Supplies for that Countrey and was therefore afterwards forced to fetch a great Compass to do it which did not a little impede his Affairs And now we are at leisure to look a little how things have gone on the Continent How considerable soever the weight of the Confederacy seemed already to be it was this year further augmented by the Addition of another Prince who tho' he were in himself as light as a Feather yet the Situation of his Country was such as to make both Parties court him with utmost Application tho' in a different manner and with different Success The Duke of Savoy had all along since the Commencement of the War profess'd to stand Neutral which perhaps did not very well please neither Party concern'd in it tho' the French who one should think had most reason to be content of any first appear'd to be most dissatisfied For not pleas'd to have before put the Duke upon Imprisoning Exiling and destroying his Protestant Subjects the poor Vaudois they declare themselves now not satisfied with the pretended Neutrality which was no other than a meer Chimera and therefore demanded he should put the Cittadels of Verceil and Turin into their Hands for the Security of his Word which were hard Lines However the Duke put as good a meen upon the matter as he could and some time was spent if not gained by the Duke in sending of Couriers to the King upon the Subject and receiving others from him which tho' it did for a while yet a new Accident happened that made the French much more pressing and peremptory for a positive Answer For being inform'd that the Emperor had at last granted what the Duke of Savoy had so long desired that is to say to be acknowledged King of Cyprus and to be address'd to under the Title of His Royal Hâ—ghness which the Emperor had formerly refused upon good Considerations offered him by the Duke they became somewhat more than suspicious of the Duke's Fidelity and his declaring thereupon to the French King by his Minister That he had no design to abandon the Friendship of France or to do any thing contrary to the Treaties that were between that Crown and him were look'd upon as Terms so general and of so comprehensive a Latitute that they would not pass for current Coin in the French Court Wherefore Mounsieur Catinat who was to Command the French Troops on that side did before Summer was well begun pass the Mountains and arrived at Turin leaving an Army of about 18000 Men to rendezvous in the Dauphinate and so to follow him into the Duke's Territories which they soon did and for a time demeaned themselves without committing any Hostility For the Duke himself did not only offer to observe an exact Neutrality and for Security of Performance to furnish the King with 2000 Foot and a 1000 Horse But the Pope's Nuncio at Turin also thrust himself in to Patch up the Accommodation tho' without being able to find any Medium For Catinat not satisfied with any Offers that were made positively demanded Verceil for a place of Arms protesting that he could not listen to any Accord but upon those Conditions And the Duke had as little reason to be pleased with him or his Master upon this Head But tho' it is manifest he had by this time made Choice of his side yet all the Artifice imaginable was used to spin out a little more time because otherwise he would very much endanger his Country since the Spaniards from the Milâ—nese were not in a Condition to succour him And this was attended with new Propositions from France which in substance contained That the King was willing to refer his Concerns to the Pope and Republick of Venice upon Condition the Duke would put Verceil Carmagnole and Suza into the Pope's Hands till the End of the War But the Duke being no longer willing to mince a Matter that was already but too much suspected and must necessarily be known declared That he had now made Choice of his Party and that he was engaged with the Emperor and could not go from his Word However in regard the Alliance which he had made with his Imperial Majesty tended no further than to oppose the unjust Designs of his Most Christian Majesty to defend himself from Oppression and secure the Repose of all Italy If his Majesty would put Cazal and Pignerol into the Hands of the Republick of Venice till the End of the War and that all Differences between them were decided he would lay down his Arms and for some time put into the Pope's Hands one of his Towns as a Pledge for the Observation of his Word But France neither absolutely nor for any time had a mind to hearken to such Conditions and so came to an open Rupture the Consequence whereof was the immediate Liberty of the Vaudois and Incouragement to arm themselves against France the publick avowing of the Duke's Treaties first with the Emperor and afterward with Spain each of which we shall give you the Particulars of partly as being congruous to the Design of our Work but more in relation to what afterward has followed touching the infringements of them and first take that with the Emperor His Imperial Majesty sensibly touched with the re-iterated Menaces with which the King of France for some time since has threatned the Duke of Savoy which visibly tend to his Oppression because of the inviolable Adherence of his Royal Highness to his Imperial Majesty and moreover understanding that his Most Christian Majesty has with an Army invaded the Dominions of the said Duke on purpose to constrain him to surrender into his Hands his two Principal Fortresses and withal to furnish him with 2000 Foot and 2 Regiments of Dragoons to assist him to invade the States of Milan His Imperial Majesty judg'd himself oblig'd to succour a Prince who has always testified his Affection to the Emperor for which Reason he has sent the Sieur Abbot Vincent Grimani with all necessary Orders and full Power to Negotiate Treat and agree with his Royal Highness an Alliance for the Establishment of such things as concern his Imperial Majesty and to procure the Security of his Royal Highness To which end his Serene Highness Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy and the aforesaid Abbot Grimanâ— have concluded the Articles following 1. HIS Royal Highness engages not to enter into any Treaty of Alliance with the Most Christian King without consent of the Emperor but to adhere firmly to the Emperor as a faithful Prince to the Empire 2. That he shall Act by joint Consent with the Emperor and the rest of the Confederate Princes 3. That he shall employ his Forces jointly with those of the Emperor and his Confederates against France and her Adherents
Forces of his Catholick Majesty and his Royal Highness shall be joyned together both submitting to Military Discipline without committing any Disorders And both Allies shall give Orders to their Victuallers to repair to the Army and sell their Provisions at a moderate Price 15. And because the present Alliance is only defensive 't is declared That when the Army of France shall begin to commit Hostility either in the Territories of Milan or those of his Royal Highness it shall be then changed into an Offensive Alliance And in case that Pignerol and Casal shall be taken from the French the first shall be remitted into the Hands of his Royal Highness the other shall belong to his Catholick Majesty by Right of Conquest yet so as no way to prejudice the Right and Possession which his Royal Highness has taken of Monferrat by Vertue of the Treaty of Chierasco And in case there shall be any thing won from the Enemy in any Place where his Royal Highness has any particular Right it shall be parted in Halves by reason of the great Damages which his Royal Highness suffers from the Enemies Army that lies in his Countrey having put off the March which they had designed to make an Invasion into Milan to which the Territories of his Highness serves as a Bulwark being nevertheless burthen'd by an unexpressible Charge of the French Army And in regard the Count of Fuensalida takes Charge of his Catholick Majesties Army which is kept in Pay for the Delivery and Defence of Milan he is also obliged to assign Winter-Quarters in the Territories of Milan to the Troops of his Royal Highness and to put them into such a Condition that they may be fit for Service the next Campaign The Manner and Form being concerted between his Royal Highness and his Eminence in Person or between their Ministers as also the Number of well-disciplined Men his Excellency having all the while Power to agree for Money for the Winter-Quarters except Forage The Ratification on both sides to be made by the Count of Fuensalida in two Months and by the Count of Brandisso in six Weeks Concluded at Milan June 3d. 1690. Sign'd the Count of Fuensalida Count Charles Emanuel de Brandisso I shall not now enter upon the particular Consequences of these Alliances as having some things nearer home first to observe And here I cannot but note That as the Enemies of France increased so she seemed equally or rather more to increase in Power being very formidable this Year by Sea of which we have already instanced the Particulars and no whitinferior by Land as will manifestly appear in the Course of this Discourse and of which the Confederates especially on Flanders and the Lower Rhine-side seemed to be sensible And therefore they concerted their matters thus That the Army of the States should oppose in Flanders that of France commanded by the Duke of Luxemburg while the Elector of Brandenburg should upon the Banks of the Moselle withstand the Forces commanded by the Marquess de Boufflers But the French according to their usual forwardness having taken the Field betimes the States Troops were constrain'd to draw out of their Garrisons to attend the Enemy before those of Brandenburg were come to the Posts assigned them which gave Boufflers an opportunity to encamp between the Sambre and the Meuse from whence he could joyn the Duke of Luxemburg whenever there was occasion for it The Dutch Generals under these Circumstances were obliged to encamp at the Pieton the most advantageous Post of all Flanders and there to stay till the Brandenburg-Army took the Field and thereby cause the Enemy to divide their Forces But while they lay at Pieton they understood that the Duke of Luxemberg drew near the Sambre with a Design to cross that River between Namur and Charleroy in order to waste the Spanish Countries and put them under Contribution Which News so allarm'd the Spaniards that tho' they could do little of themselves yet they pressed the Dutch extreamly to oppose the French Intentions wherein they the more easily prevailed since Prince Waldeck was of himself disposed to it out of the Consideration he had of what Importance it was to keep the French beyond the Sambre and therefore he decamped from the Pieton June 3d N. S. and detatch'd the Count of Berlo the same day with a Detachment of 1500 Horse to observe whether the Enemy endeavour'd to pass the Sambre or no who was followed by the Count of Flodorp with 4 or 5 Regiments of Cavalry to assist him or make good his Retreat the Count of Webennum being also posted on this side a narrow Lane which was to be passed thro' before they could come at the Enemy Berlo being advanced as far as the Village of Fleuri found that a good part of the French Army had already passed the Sambre and posted themselves against the Village which they kept to their Backs of all which Prince Waldeck who was posted between Mellin and Fleuri was instantly informed Now the Enemy having notice of Berlo's Approach marched directly towards him while the Duke of Luxemberg presently dispatch'd away several Troops privately thro' By-ways to fall upon him in the Rear which made Berlo send for more Succours and chiefly of Foot but instead of sending him more Force they gave him Orders to retreat Yet he receiving not those Orders till he was almost environed on every side he was obliged to put himself in a Condition to defend a narrow Lane which he had possess'd before by his Dragoons The Enemy charged him very vigorously and there he lost his life as did also Major Castleman and some other Officers The Count of Flodorp was also advanced too far to retreat without fighting and the Cavalry indeed stood stoutly to it but being oppress'd with Numbers they were forced to retreat to Monsieur Webbenum who commanded the 3d Detachment and was posted on the other side of an Hedge Some Squadrons of the Enemy that pursued Flodorp ventured thro' the Hedge after him but they were so vigorously repulsed that they were constrained to make more haste back again When this was done all this Body of Horse joyned the Army which was drawn up in Battel-aray not far off And thus ended the Work of that Day The whole Army stood in order of Battle all that Night and the next Morning they understood by a Deserter that the Duke of Luxemburg was resolved to fight But 2 Spies that made it their Trade to be double ones reported presently after that Luxemburgh was repassing the Sambre And in this uncertainty Prince Waldeck continued till 8 in the Morning when the French were drawn up in Battle-aray that there was a necessity of engaging The States Army consisted of about 25000 Men in regard the Spanish Forces and others who should have reinforced them were not yet come up so that the Prince could not make above 2 Lines that extended from Fleuri to St. Arnaud The
French Army was above 40000 strong Luxemberg having drawn a great Number out of the Frontier Garrisons and having been reinforced 3 days before by a Detachment of the Marquess de Boufflers consisting of 18 Batallions 45 Squadrons and the flying Camp commanded by the Count de Gournay The Prince indeed had some Notice of this Conjunction but it was very uncertain and some say the Governour of Namur gave notice of it by a Letter but that it was not to be believed upon any good Grounds However it were the Fight being resolved upon the Command of the Right Wing was assigned to the Prince of Nassau General of the Horse accompanied by Lieutenant-General d' Huby a Spaniard and the Prince of Birkenfield with his Brigadiers the Prince of Nassau Governour of Friezland and Mareschal de Camp and the Lieutenant-Generals d' Alva and Webbenum had the Charge of the Left Wing and the main Battle Some Horse also before the Fight-began were sent to line the Right Wing of the Army which lay in a good Post but whether none were sent to line the Left or that they who were commanded thither did not do their Duty they did not perceive that the Enemy slipped several Troops behind a rising-Ground and a small Wood next the Sambre who posted themselves behind the 2d Line of the Left Wing which constrained them to face about and turn their Backs to the Line whereby being much weakened some Batallions of the Right Wing were sent to secure their Flank and assist to keep their Ground Which was no sooner observed by the Duke of Luxemburg but he said to the Duke of Main who was then next him Do you see what the Enemies are doing I foretel they will be beaten In short the Left Wing was attack'd at the same time in Front Rear and Flank the 1st Line from which as has been said one Batallion was taken to reinforce the 2d after they had fought some time were forced to give Ground Whereupon the Enemy who knew how to make use of that Opportunity advanced to the 2d to fall upon their Rear Now that Line was already advanced to make head against the Cavalry which they had before them and which they had routed and drove back in disorder upon the French Infantry But the French had 3 Lines so that no sooner was one over-turned but fresh Batallions renewed the Fight and with more ease repelled the Dutch quite tired with the Brunts they had already sustained Prince Waldeck perceiving the Left Wing in that Condition and that the Horse weary of such hot Service had for the most part given Ground sent to their Relief the Horse of the 2d Line of the Right Wing from whence the Foot had been already drawn for the same Reason While this was doing on that side the 1st Line of the Right Wing was also engaged with the Enemy and had bravely routed them several times and General du Puy who charged them in Flank had gained 10 of their Cannon But the Enemy having 3 Lines on that side also and being continually relieved by fresh Numbers the Dutch Cavalry were dispersed and broke to that Degree that the whole Body could never be rallied again However the Count of Flodorp got together about a 1000 or 1200 about an hours riding from the Camp and brought them on again but then it was too late for that the Infantry were retreated But however Matters went with the Dutch Cavalry in this Action they have had the Misfortune to be esteemed ever since the worse Horse among the Confederates And certainly if they had behaved themselves as well as the Infantry did upon this Occasion I think there had been no room left to doubt of their attaining a compleat Victory For it may be truly said without any Exaggeration That never Foot performed greater Wonders for after they were forsaken by the Horse they alone sustained the Charges of the French Cavalry and Infantry both being charged in Front Flank and Rear at the same time and yet could not be broken They let the Enemies Squadrons approach within Pistol-shot of them and then let fly with such an unconcern'd and steddy Aim that the whole Squadron together seemed to sink into the Ground at once hardly 30 of the whole Number getting off and this Course they so accustomed themselves to observe that at length they laughed at their Enemies crying out Let them come on we will give them their Belly full The French on the other side were so dasht with the Execution done upon them that they fled as soon as they saw them but once present their Musquets nor durst they any more come near them but suffered them to retreat in good Order without ever offering to pursue them Which made the Duke of Luxemberg say That they had out-done the Spanish Infantry at the Battle of Rocroy Where notwithstanding the Spaniards performed Wonders Adding withal That it was for Prince Waldeck to remember the French Horse and for himself never to forget the Dutch Infantry But what-ever some have said in Justification of the Dutch Horse the Deputies of the States General when they took a View of the Army at Hawn to see the Damage they had sustained seemed to be of another Opinion for as they went from Company to Company in every Regiment they gave every Foot Soldier a Piece to the Value of 3 Franks as a Reward of their Bravery but gave the Horse nothing at all as being accused of faâ—ling in their Duty This Battle was very bloody on both sides the Dutch themselves owning they lost 4600 Men upon the Place a great many wounded and near 3000 taken Prisoners besides part of their Cannon which they needed not to have done had not the Waggoners cut their Harness to facilitate their Flight And yet of them the Garrison of Charleroy brought off 25 Pieces and 3 of the Enemies two days after The most remarkable Persons among the slain were the Prince of Saxon Masquerg the Count of Stirum one of the young Counts of Nassau the Baron de Heide and several Colonels Captains and inferiour Officers And however Prince Waldeck might have been mistaken as to his Intelligence concerning the Constitution of the French Forces before the Fight yet 't is certain he did all that could be expected from a General of his Age and so unweildy as he was during the Battel and retreated that Evening with the rest of the Army in very good Order to Nivell and next day to Bruxells as the Duke of Luxemberg did to Villain and from thence to the Place where the Prince encamped before at Pieton having put all the Country round about under Contribution which besides the Honour of a Victory was some amends for the many Men he lost in the Battel some computing them to 12000 slain wounded and made Prisoners though themselves would never own nothing near the Number But what Inequality soever there was in the strength of the Armies when they engaged
or their Losses thereupon the States recruited theirs with admirable Celerity by several Detachments drawn out of their Garrisons and otherwise and Count Tilly General of the Troops of Liege joined them on the 22d of July with near 10000 Men of that Bishoprick and Brandenburgers and some Hollanders Prince Waldeck therefore finding himself so numerously re-inforced decamped from Diephen where he had been ever since the Battel And having advanced as far as Walswavre he was there joined by the Elector of Brandenburg with all his Forces by which Conjunction the Army being deemed to be near 55000 strong they moved on to Genappe and so to Bois Seignior Isaac The Duke of Luxemberg re-inforced his Army also on his side and yet not trusting to his Numbers took care to fortifie his Camp so as not to be forced to fight So that there was no farther Action on Flanders-side this Campaign and therefore we will see how things have gone in Germany Though the Emperor towards the latter end of the last Year was very urgent with the Protestant Electors to meet at Ausburg and not only sent Envoys to importune them but writ to them with his own Hand yet he could not bring them to However the Electoral Colledge met together with the Envoys of those that were absent to whom the Emperor delivered himself in a most excellent Speech upon the Occasion for which they were Assembled which consisted of 3 Principal Heads The first was the Security of the Empire against the Designs of France Then the Necessity there was of choosing a King of the Romans And lastly he earnestly recommended unto them to cast their Eyes upon Arch-Duke Joseph his Son and King of Hungary for advancing him to that Dignity In short what care soever was taken to provide for the Security of the first they proved pretty unanimous in the Choice of the last as supposing and no doubt it was so there could be no one better method to be taken for obviating the Designs of France upon the Empire than to invest a Prince of the Austrian Family with that Dignity which was always given out the Dauphin gaped after or his Father for him And therefore Arch-Duke Joseph was chosen King of the Romans Jan. 24th and crowned the 25th following to the no small Satisfaction of the Emperor and most of the Empire as it was a Disappointment to France who has still more Enemies coming upon her For the Memoir which the Duke of Lorrain presented to the Diet at Ratisbone towards the close of the preceding Year about his being restored to his Dutchy was now attended by a Manifesto from the same Prince where he declared War against France and set down his Reasons for it Declaring how unjust it was in Lewis XIV to detain his Territories from him under vain Pretences Promised to himself to enter Lorrain the following Summer at the Head of 40000 Men and exhorted all his Subjects to shake off the Yoke of France and all the Gentry to come and join with him and assist him to regain his ancient Patrimony under the Penalty of being degraded of their Nobility and deprived of all their Priviledges But alas brave Man he never lived to attempt what he might propose to himself to effect the following Campaign For as he was upon the Road to Vienna he was seized with a Quinzy in a small Village named Wells about 4 Miles from Lintz which took from him the Use of his Lungs and his speech in a short time so that he was forced to write down part of his Confession And perceiving himself near his End he wrote a Letter to the Emperor wherein after he had testified his Sorrow for not being longer able to serve him he recommended his Wife and all his Family to his Imperial Care Then wrote another to the Queen his Lady to comfort her for her Loss Which two Letters he gave to his Confessor with Orders to deliver them immediately after his Death After this the Imposthume that was in his Throat bursting within-side stifled him so that he expired in the Arms of his Confessor the 18th of April in the Evening The Death of this great Man could not but allay two different Passions in the Courts of Vienna and Versailles since the one had alike Reason to be sorrowful as the other had to rejoyce before the News came for there were mighty Jollities in the Imperial Court at this time for the Marriage of the Princess Dorothea Sophia of Neuburg with the Prince of Parma Whereas in France they were putting on their mournful Weeds for the Death of the Dauphiness who departed this Life within a Day or two of the Duke of Lorrain but that did not retard the Dauphine her Husband's Journey into Germany for he set out the 17th of the next Month from Versailles after he had been shut up with the King for several Hours in his Closet and received his Instructions on the 28th arrived at Strasburg and from thence went to Landau where the French Army lay that was to act on that side The Command of the Imperial Army on the other hand was given now the Duke of Lorrain is dead to the Elector of Bavaria with whom at last joined a good Body of Saxons headed by the Elector himself with his two Sons who held a Conference at Eppinghen together with the Field-Mareschalls Caprara and Serini after which there were very great Expectations the principal Part of the Army would have fallen upon Hunningen which perhaps might take its rise from a Story whether true or false I know not of General Souches who commanded part of the Army on Hunningen-side his going to attend the Duke of Bavaria at this time and from him Incognito to Basil where he would not suffer the Magistrates to pay him the Honours due to his Character because he would not have his Journey make a noise in the World And that in his Passage he had viewed and examined the Fortress of Hunninghen of which he took a Draught and from thence privately returned to the Army But however it was there was nothing put in Execution on that side nor indeed any where else of any moment For the Imperial Army having encamped for some time in the Marquisate of Baden-Durlack all Men were surprized that instead of continuing their March towards the upper Rhine they fell down of a sudden towards Mentz the Elector of Saxony at the same time being posted near Phillipsburg and General Dunwall Commanding the flying Army toward the Garrison of Fort Lovis and General Zouches at his former Post Of which motions the Dauphine was no sooner informed but he passed the Rhine at Fort Lovis to maintain his Army in the Enemy's Country and that in Battle-array as expecting some Opposition in his March though he had none Aug. 16th he encamped in the Plain of Strotbeffon having the Mountains on one side the Rhine on the other and a large Morass before him being
could not forbear to let it break forth the Obligation of that Happiness is due to your Majesty who has at length inspir'd him with Hopes of that Liberty after so many Years of Servitude My Words and the Treaty I have already sign'd at the Hague with your Majesties Envoy but faintly express my Master 's passionate desire to unite himself to your Majesty by an inviolable Devotion to your Service The Honour which he has of being one that appertains to your Majesty has knit the first Knot of this Vnion and the Protection you grant him with so much Generosity has brought it to the Perfection of being indissolvable These are the sincere Sentiments of his Royal Highness with which I dare not presume to intermix any thing of my own For how ardent soever my Zeal may be how profound soever my Veneration of your Majesties Glory I know not how better to express it than by the Silence of Respect and Admiration Here we shall leave the Duke of Savoy and his Affairs both Military and Civil for the present and inspect a little into those of Hungary and that part of the World where you will see quite another face of things than last Year For the Prince of Baden had then no more glorious Successes against the Infidels through the whole Course of the Campaign than the Turks and Tartars had now over the Christians and of which we shall immediately enter upon the Particulars This Year had not long been begun when the Tartars who had no reason to be afraid of Poland with a Body of about 10000 Men fell into Albania ravaging and destroying all before them with Fire and Sword And tho' the Duke of Holstein who commanded there was aware of his Unability to cope with such a numerous Army of fresh Men and therefore kept upon the defensive part yet he could not guard himself so well but that the Tartars seconded by the Turks and some of the Country Militia who perfectly well understood all the By-ways surprized him at last So that notwithstanding all the vigorous Resistance the Christians made yet being over-powered by numbers they were almost every Man of them cut off and hardly any left to carry the News of that fatal Destruction it being computed that no less than 5000 Germans perished that Day And if such fatal Beginnings have many times the like or worse Consequences it was so in this Case also For the Turks and Tartars flush'd with this Success soon after made themselves Masters of Casaneck a Place of great Importance All this made the Duke of Holstein who lay sick at the same time order several other Places to be quitted But the Tartars not content to have defeated the Christians in Servia entred into Wallachia to the number of 16000 Men purposing to drive the Imperialists quite out of the Province Of whose march when General Heusler was informed and finding himself not strong enough to resist so considerable a Body he retreated into Transilvania quitting the City of Buchorest to the Tartars where he lay in Garrison with some Regiments and no sooner had he left it but the Infidels pursuant to their usual Celerity arrived and presently overrun the Country with their accustomed Ravage These Advantages seemed to be an Obstacle to the Peace of which tho' the Turkish Embassadors had been sent away from Vienna yet they were still at Comorra there were some Hopes hitherto it should have succeeded but now it began to grow desperate Yet to comfort the Imperialists somewhat for those forementioned unexpected Losses the Garrison of Canissa a Town in Lower-Hungary which had been blockaded with a Body of 6000 Hungarians and 2000 Heydukes June 30. 1688. and continued so till the 13th of Apr. this year was at length reduced to that Extremity for want of Provisions and despair of being relieved by the Turks that it capitulated and when the Articles were ratified by the Emperor the Keys of the Gates hanging upon a Chain of Gold were delivered to the Count de Budiani by a Turk saying I herewith consign into your Hands the strongest Fortress in the Ottoman Empire So he took possession of it and found therein great store of large Artillery and some with old German Inscriptions on But whether this might elate the Minds of the Imperial Court so as to take it for a good Omen of a successful Campaign I know not Yet this is certain that the Prince of Baden had other Sentiments of things than many others were aware of and never any Prince shewed more Dilatoriness and Reluctancy to head an Army than he did this Year Much a-do they had to get him out of Bohemia and he was a whole Month at Vienna before he went away for the Army which was on the 1st of Aug. He had no sooner got to the Camp but he found things in such a Posture that he long before was apprehensive of For he understood that the Grand-Visier with 30000 Foot and 10000 Horse had laid Siege to Nissa that the Serasquier with about 10000 Men had besieged Widin and that Count Teckeley with an Army of between 15 and 16000 Turks Tartars and Hungarian Malecontents had entred to take possession of Transilvania which was given him by the Grand Seignior now Prince Abaffi was dead The Prince not knowing how to remedy these complicated Evils had no other way than to advise with them about him which of them it was most proper for him to attempt to set to rights And therefore in a Council of War held with his Officers after a long Debate it was at last concluded That it were better to hazard the Loss of Widin and Nissa than of all Transilvania and consequently that without endeavouring to succour either of those Places it behoved them to flie to the Relief of that Province and therefore the Army march'd back again by the way of Semendria in order to move that way But long before the Prince could reach thither or indeed before he set forward Teckely had in a manner possess'd himself of all the Country For while General Hensler posted himself in the Passes from Wallachia into Transilvania with a Body of about 4000 Men to secure the Principality on that side those Troops of Wallachia who were with Teckely and perfectly knew the Ways being about a 1000 in number passed thro' the Woods and Mountains where they could not ride but were forced to lead their Horses by the Bridles and fell briskly upon the Imperialists in the Rear when at the same time Teckely with his Turks Tartars and Malecontents attack'd them in the Front Upon this the Militia of Transilvania who were with Heusler whether out of Cowardise or Treachery made no Resistance but fled immediately into the Woods so that the Imperialists alone were forced to sustain the whole Fury of the Enemy The Fight was both long and bloody but at last the Multitude prevailed one part of the Imperialists being slain and the other
consider'd the Court Martial adjudg'd the Prisoner Guilty and condemned him to be drawn hang'd and quarter'd his Estate to be confiscate and to bear the Costs and Charges of the Tryal Which Sentence was pronounced in the Head Quarters of the Army by the Earl of Athlone President Gen. Van Scravenmore Lieutenant Gen. Talmash the Marquess de la Forrest the Heer Van Weed Count Noyelles and the Heer Zobel Major-Generals the Brigadiers Churchill and Ramsey Cornelius van Won and Richard Elâ—hwair Judge Advocates assisting In pursuance of which Sentence the Criminal was executed in the Camp upon the 13th of Aug. Where all that he said for himself was only to desire the Prayers of those that were present During his Imprisonment he drew up two Petitions to the King with his own Hand wherein he declared That he acted in the Design in obedience to the Orders of M. Barbesieux and Chamlays and being told that Barbesieux would be sure to disown what he said he replied That he had an Original Paper under Barbesieux's own Hand which he had lodged in a Friend's Hand which would make it appear very plain but that his Friend would part with it to no body but himself The Morning before his Execution he wrote to one Madam Jure to go to the Arch-bishop of Rheims with M. Jurduil and let him know that it had cost him his Life for obeying the Orders of M. Barbesieux There being little more this Campaign in the Netherlands save the Action of Sâ—leâ—n where the Governour of Huy surprizing a strong Party of French that came thither from Namur to cut Pallisadoes he made a great Slaughter of them and took near 〈◊〉 Prisoners and the Bombing of Charleroy by the Mareschal de Boufflers We will leave his Majesty to return to his Diversion at Loo and call to mind that when the French was threatning to invade England we mention'd a Camp to be formed near Portsmouth with which the Queen and Council upon the beating of the French Fleet projected to make a Descent upon the French Coast or at least to alarm them on that side in pursuance to which the Men of War and Transports being ready the Forces imbark'd under the Command of the Duke of Leinster Aug. 3d and two days after set Sail with a fair Wind and when they came to such an height of Distance the Commissions were opened according to Custom but Mens Expectations were not so great from this Expedition as their Surprize was that Intilligence came in 4 or 5 Days after That all the Transport Ships were put into St. Hellen's Road. On the 9th a Council of War was held on Board the General where it was resolved they should return for England which they did accordingly and this gave the Queen occasion to send divers Lords of the Council to Portsmouth to confer with the General but whatever was then resolved on the Forces still remained on Board and the Wind proved contrary which the King being informed of he sent Orders they should be transported forthwith into Flanders where they landed Sept. 1st and tho' the Duke of Luxemburg seemed to be aware of it yet they possessed themselves of Dixmude and Furnes which they began to fortifie and by which the King seemed to have some great Design that way but all miscarried for both Places were quitted towards the end of the Year to the Mareschal de Boufflers by Count Horn which the King much resented in him who till now always had a great share in his Esteem and perhaps the same touch'd the Count very near for he did not live long after Thus things went in Flanders with the Spaniards this Campaign who perhaps were the more contented with it because it was but like Thunder a-far off and the mighty Efforts France made this Way gave them the more repose in Catalonia where they had but a small force and where nothing passed of Moment and therefore we shall move to the Vpper Rhine where the Margrave of Bareith and Landgrave of Hess-Cassel commanded the Forces on that side against the Duke de Lorge General of the French Army Between them there passed nothing considerable till Sept. when de Lorge advancing towards the Rhine with all his Forces and 40 Pieces of Cannon the Landgrave and Margrave of Bareith called a Council of War with the rest of the Generals where it was resolved that the two Armies that were separated should re-join which was done accordingly and the Army encamped near Neustadt and in some days after separated again the Landgrave marching to besiege Eberemburgh where he had not been gone long but Bareith sent him an Express That de Lorge was marching up which made the Landgrave send away 4000 Dragoons to the other's Assistance But before they and the Body of the Army could come up the Duke of Wirtemburg who was gone before with a Detachment of about 4000 Horse and posted himself near Edeilsheim with a design to stop the French was by the favour of a thick â—og surprized by the French in his Camp and charged so briskly that the Germans had not time to put themselves in a posture of Defence so that they lost of their number near a 1000 Men and divers Prisoners among whom the Duke of Wirtemburg himself was one who was carried to Paris while the French ravaged his Country for a time at their Pleasure and obliged the Landgrave now weakned by the Detachment he had sent away to the Margrave of Bareith and afterwards by another to secure Heidelburgh to raise the Siege of Eberemburgh But for this the Landgrave was pretty even with the French before the end of the Year for the latter having besieged Rheinfeld which would have been of great Importance to them if they could have carried it the Governour made so brave a Defence and the Landgrave made such haste to relieve it that the French were constrained to raise the Siege with some dishonour since they shewed so much Confidence of Success in it at the first Undertaking and with no less loss from the Germans Fire and the rigorous Season which was much fitter for warm Quarters than cold Sieges Having now run through the Efforts made by France on the Flemish and German side it 's time we should see what was doing in respect to Savoy all this while It 's certain there were fresh Proposals made to the Duke early in the Year by M. Chanley in favour of France but whether in the form that was afterwards made publick is a Mystery however there was a Memoir printed at Paris wherein they set to View all the Proffers that had been made to the Duke tho' the Aim of the Writing seem'd chiefly to insinuate into the Princes of Italy that the Emperor had no other design than to make himself Master of their Territories under â—retence of assisting a Prince that had thrown himself into that Abyss wherein he found him precipitated with a great deal
to bethink themselves of a new Captain General and this Trust and Honour they unanimously devolved on the serene Doge Morosini who had formerly served the Republick so successfully and which nothing now but his great Age made him seem unwilling to accept of As for the Polish Army I think they made a shift to get into the Field by Sept. and in Oct. to block up Caminiec and 't is well had they done that to purpose for as to any thing else they never went about it And now having run thro' the several Transactions of Europe it 's time to close this Year with a few Particulars About the beginning of the Year died the famous Robert Boyle Esq who was a Philosopher under a particular Character as being addicted to the Study of Natural Philosophy and perhaps never any Man dived so deep into the Knowledge of Nature as himself which yet was so far from being attended in him with that Atheism that is too too usual for such speculative Heads that he was always in his Life time esteemed a very pious Man and sincere Christian of which he gave a most convincing Testimony at his Death by the Legacy he left to have a Monthly Sermon preached against Atheism On the 7th of June hapned a most terrible Earthquake in the Island of Jamaca in the West-Indies which did most prodigious Damage especially at the Town of Port-Royal the best of all the English Plantations and the greatest Mart in that part of the World which was in a manner entirely ruined and not only so but 't was computed no less than 1500 People perished in it And upon the 8th of Sept. following about 2 a Clock we felt an Earthquake also in England and particularly in London the like no Man living knew before but blessed be God it did no harm with us nor upon the Continent where it was felt in the same time and manner On the 24th of Dec. died the most serene Electress of Bavaria at Vienna in the 23d Year of her Age after she had undergone several Discomposures from the 28th of Oct. when she was brought to bed of an Electoral Prince This Year was also fatal to Prince Waldeck Camp-Master-General to his Imperial Majesty and the States and on whom the Emperor conferred the Dignity of a Prince by reason of his Merit for he was a Politick and Able as he was unfortunate and the Services he had done him in Hungary and other places but the same died with him Neither ought we to forget that this Year the Duke of Hanover a Protestant Prince had been advanced to an Elector of the Empire and so a Ninth Electorate constituted thereby year 1693 It may be remembred we left King William in the close of the Campaign going to his Diversions in Holland from whence he returned into England before whose Arrival things were so managed in Ireland by my Lord Sidney Lord Lieutenant of that Kingdom that the Parliament there made not only an Act of Recognition of their Majesty's title to that Crown and another to get other Protestants to settle in that Kingdom but one for an additional Duty of Excise upon Beer Ale and other Liquors for the Support of the Government And Scotland seemed very zealous and forward to contribute new Levies or whatever else their Majesties desired And to be sure the Parliament of England that had hitherto on all occasions been ready to promote the King's just designs would not be behind-hand now but took his Majesty's Speech so effectually into their Consideration that before the end of Jan. they passed the Act of Granting to their Majesties an Aid of 4 s. in the Pound for carrying on a vigorous War against France and soon after another that granted certain Rates and Duties of Excise upon Beer Ale or other Liquors for securing Recompences and Advantages in the said Act mentioned to such Persons as should voluntarily advance 1000000 l. for the purposes declared in the Act by paying into the Receipt of his Majesties Exchequer the fore-mentioned Summ before the 1st of May 1693. upon the terms expressly mentioned in the said Act neither did they stop their Handâ— here but proceeded chearfully to other Methods for compleating the necessary Supplies and by the 14th of March the King among others signed two Mony Acts more viz. An Act for Granting to their Majesties certain additional Impositions upon several Goods and Merchandizes for prosecuting the present War with France and an Act for a Review of the Quarterly Pole granted to their Majesties the last Session of Parliament After this the King made a Speech to thank them for what they had done to recommend the Publick Peace to them and Equity in levying what they had so freely given then prorogued the Houses to the 2d of May and in the mean time went himself for Holland But before his Departure did by what Advice I will not determine lay aside Admiral Russel who had beaten the French Fleet last Year and received the Thanks of the House of Commons for it whereof he was then a Member but since made a Peer by the Stile and Title of Earl of Oxford and last Year one of the Lords Justices of England and constituted Henry Killigrew Esq Sir Ralph Delavall and Sir Clovesley Shovel to command the Fleet this Summer The Fleet was numerous and ready pretty early as was also a great Fleet of Merchant-men near 400 Sail in all of English Dutch Hamburgers c. prepared to sail to the Streights under the Convoy of Sir George Rook with a strong Squadron of Men of War with whom the grand Fleet was to keep company till they came to such a Latitude or as was given out in those times by some till they had certain Information where the French Fleet was Which made their Orders discretionary and Sir George who seemed to have some foresight of the Danger exprest himself very loath to part with them But however seeing he could not help it he sailed on and leaving by the way the Vessels bound for Bilboa Lisbon Sr. Tubes and other Ports under Convoy of 2 Men of War which made Sir George have no more with him than 21 now The account of his Expedition as himself sent an Express of it was briefly thus That indeed he had discovered the French Fleet about 20 Leagues short of Cape St. Vincent which made him call a Council of War wherein it was resolved that the Wind being fresh Westerly and giving a fair opportunity to hasten their Passage to Cadiz the Merchants should make the best of their way That upon the Discovery of the Enemies whole Fleet upon the 16th he brought too and stood off with an easie Sail to give what time he could to the heavy Sailors to work away to the Windward sending away the Sheerness to order the small Ships that were under the Shore that they should endeavour to get along the Shore in the Night
of Oct. and then made an honourable Capitulation and in truth this was the only place that made a brave Defence in Flanders since the War and afforded no Suspition of any Treachery in the Surrender of it But tho' Charleroy was the only Garrison the Spaniards lost in Flanders so late in the Year and for the saving of which they themselves were so far from being able that their Allies in Conjunction with them had not been able to effect it yet they were no better provided in Catalonia where the French so early as the 29th of May invested Roses both by Sea and Land and carried the Siege of it on with that forwardness that on the 5th of June the place was surrendred to them I do not find they made any great Efforts to enlarge this Conquest on that side neither would the Spaniards give them any further Opportunity at present but it had been well had they timely enough thought this to be too much and so prevented it but it 's in vain to talk they will have their fashion and so we leave them and see what is done in Germany Here the Germans were so slow and the French so forward that the latter passed the Rhine at Phillipsburg and without any Opposition on the 18th of May the Marquess de Chamilli with 2000 Men invested Heidleburg which had been long threatned by them and the Duke de Lorge crossed the first Mountains with 30000 Men to oppose the Prince of Baden that this Year commanded upon the Rhine but was not yet in any condition to act but defensively and hardly that so that poor Heidelburg was to shift for her self and God knows that was done but sorrily For besides its weakness otherwise there was such a Division between the Soldiers and the Townsmen about the Money that was called in and which they would have go Current again that when on the 19th the Regiment of Sconbeck was ready to enter the Town to re-inforce the Garrison the Townsmen were so incensed against the Soldiers that they opposed the Entrance which gave Melac an Opportunity to seize a Redoubt from whence he could batter the back-part of the Works of the Town and in short the French on the 21st entred the Subburbs with little Opposition and their Granadiers drave the besieged with so much haste to the Castle Gates that they left above 600 of their Soldiers without who were all put to the Sword The Governour of the Castle fearing the same Destiny sent a Capuchin with Proposals to de Lorge which the other was so far from admitting of that he prepared for an Assault which the Governour finding he accepted of the Offers made him by the French and on the 2d the Garrison to the Number of 1200 Men 2 Pieces of Cannon and 12 Waggons laden with Baggage were conducted to Wimpel But the Burning of the City and Castle of Heidleburg by the French and other Barbarities committed in the Palaâ—inate let others relate them that will I have no Stomach to them Flush'd with this Success M. de Lorge advanced towards the Neckar with a design to attack the Prince of Baden who was encamped on the other side of the River over which the French laid 2 Bridges in order to pass it but they were so warmly received by the Germans both here and afterwards at Wimpsen where they attempted the same thing that they were forced to quit the Enterprize and come off with the Loss of near 1000 Men. Some time after this the Dauphine joined the Army which was near 70000 strong and finding the Pass of Zwingenberg would be of great Advantage to them they took the said Castle by Storm after they had routed some Parties without and a very hot Dispute from within with its small Garrison who yet found a way to escape This with other petty Successes and their greatly out-numbring the Prince of Baden in Men made the Dauphine desirous to attack him in his Camp near Flein wherefore tho' he knew how advantageously he was intrenched yet on the 26th of July he crossed the Neckar and advanced within 4 Hours march of the Prince who thereupon re-called all his Detachments to strengthen himself and so much the more since he had certain Advice on the 31st That the Dauphine resolved to give him Battle and that he would fall on the next Morning In short the French advanced the same day with all their Cavalry and 4000 Granadiers and having raised some Batteries set themselves to work to force the Entrenchments and encompassed the Left Wing of the Camp which made the Prince send a Detachment of Horse into the Valley of Winsburg to dispute the Pass with them and when about 2 he thought the French would have begun the Fight they drew off and re-passed the Neckar with some Loss Neither was there any other thing of Moment done there this Campaign save the French putting a Garrison into Stugard and raising a very little Contribution-money tho' they had such a strong Belief that the Dauphine would engage the Prince that publick Prayers were put up for his Preservation every-where so that after he had sent the fore-mentioned Detachment under Boufflers to the Siege of Charleroy and another into Piedmont he returned in the Month of Aug. to Versailles with which we shall leave Germany and see what has been doing in Piedmont this Season It was indeed time to open the Campaign when the Duke of Savoy was quite recovered of his long Indisposition whereof mention was made last Year and then he joined the Army which was considerably strong and made the Inhabitants of the Dauphinate fear a worse Irruption into their Country than the last and to begin to provide for their Safety accordingly But the Designs of the Confederates seemed to drive the French first out of Italy by dispossessing them of Cazal and Pignerol neither of which was effected 'T is true Cazal was block'd up for some time and the Fort of St. George taken by Storm which compleated the Blockade of that Place but things went no further And the Duke with the main Army laid Siege to Pignerol took the Fort of St. Bridget that covered it after the Loss of above 1500 Men and such an obstinate Defence on the Besieged's part that after all it was made a doubt whether they should carry on the Siege of the Town or Bomb it All this took up so much time that Catinat being reinforced with more Troops and particularly with the foresaid Detachment from Germany found himself in a Condition to act Offensively and therefore he descended into the Plains and this seeming to the Duke as if he had threatned Turin he drew off from about Pignerol and encamped at Marsiglia The Consequence whereof we 'll give you in the following Letter written October the 5th by the Resident of the States of Holland from Turin to their High and Mightinesses upon that Occasion I Gave my self the Honour to acquaint your
little that we were in a manner left disconsolate and next to Despair And what could that be alas but the Death of the best of Queens the best of Wives nay the best of Women our most Gracious Sovereign Lady Mary Queen of Great Britain France and Ireland which happen'd on the 28th of December at her Palace of Kensington after she had lain some few Days sick of the Small-Pox To attempt her Character would be Arrogance in me since it has been done so well by so many learned Pens But I cannot omit remarking the Answer as I have heard His Majesty who knew her best was pleased to make the Archbishop of Canterbury when he went to comfort him for his great Loss That he could not chuse but grieve seeing she had been his Wife for 17 Years and yet he never knew her guilty of an Indiscretion And to add what most People are apt to pass over untouched That she was certainly a Princess of real Piety which I should not say if I had not known some Circumstances my self concerning her upon that Account that were evident tokens of it Wherefore I shall end this unhappy Year with the Parliament and Nation 's Condolance of the King upon this great Loss as himself was pleased to express it and their Protestations to stand by him against all Opponents whatsoever both at home and abroad And the Truth of it is if ever Addresses were real and unfeigned they were those made upon this Occasion since it has been obvious to any Man of Observation that that sad Providence did very much heighten Men's Affections to His Majesty's Person which being before as it were divided between him and that beloved Princess were now entirely cemented into one year 1695 But tho' the Nation laboured under this great Sorrow for our unretrievable Loss as we did also from the Badness of our Coin which had been a long growing Evil upon us and began now to be very intolerable yet there was no going back And therefore the Parliament went roundly to work and besides some other useful Bills had by the 11th of Feb. prepared for the Royal Assent An Act for Granting 4 s. in the Pound to His Majesty And for Applying the Yearly Summ of 300000 l. for Five Years out of the Duties of Tunnage and Poundage and other Summs of Mony payable upon Merchandizes Exported and Imported for Carrying on the War against France with Vigour But what Zeal soever the two Houses in general shewed for the common Cause there was such a Brangle at this time among them especially in the Upper House about sending of the Fleet to the Streights that tho' some under the specious Pretence of Good Will towards the Government took upon them to shew the Inconvenience of it Yet the major part of that most honourable Assembly shewed themselves to have far different Sentiments by their Address of Thanks to the King for so ordering it And it happen'd â— little favourably as if it had been a Confirmation of their Lordships Judgments that News came soon after which gave an Account that some Frigats which Admiral Russel had sent out to cruise had taken 2 French Men of War of the bigger Size near Messina So that the other Party was now obliged to acquiesce and the Lovers of the Government to go on with the King's Business But it was the middle of April or thereabout before there were any more Mony-Bills ready when His Majesty signed among divers others An Act for enabling such Persons as had Estates for Life in Annuities payable by several former Acts therein mentioned to purchase and obtain farther and more certain Interests in such Annuities And in Default thereof for Admitting other Persons to purchase or obtain the same for Raising Moneys for Carrying on the War against France An Act for Granting to His Majesty certain Rates and Duties upon Marriages Births and Burials and upon Batchellors and Widowers for the Term of 5 Years for Carrying on the War against France An Act for Granting to His Majesty several Additional Duties upon Coffee Tea Chocolate and Spices towards Satisfaction of the Debts due for Transport-Service for the Reduction of Ireland And then he was pleased to tell them that the season of the Year was so far advanced and the circumstances of affairs so pressing that he very earnestly recommended unto them the speedy dispatching of such business as they thought of most importance for the publick good because he was to make an end of the Sessions in a few Days which was done accordly after the signing of some other Bills which the Parliament had dispatched and among the rest An Act to grant unto the King certain Duties upon Glass-wares Stone and Earthen Bottles Coal and Culm for carrying on the War as before Then it was that he told them the necessity there was for his Presence abroad but that he would take care to have the administration of Affairs during his Absence put into such Persons hands on whose care and fidelity he could entirely depend and that he doubted not but they both Lords and Gentlemen in their several Stations would be assisting to them and that what it was he required of them was to be more than ordinarily vigilant in preserving the publick Peace In pursuance to this His Majesties Resolution he was pleased before his Departure which was on the 12th of May to appoint in Council the Lord Archbishop the Lord Keeper the Earl of Pembrook the Duke of Devonshire the Duke of Shrewsbury the Earl of Dorset and the Lord Godolphin to be Lords Justices of England for the Administration of the Government during his Absence beyond the Seas where as before he was Commander in Chief of all the Confederate Forces which were this Campaign very strong and out-numbred the French 20000 Men which yet was no such odds as to act offensively as they did as the Duke de Villeroy was over the Armies of France in the room of the Duke of Luxemburg who died towards the beginning of this Year There were two Camps formed for the Confederate Army the one was at Arseel to be commanded by the King in Person and under him by the old Prince de Vaudemont to whom His Majesty had given last Winter the Command in chief of his Armies and the other at Ninove under the Elector of Bavaria and the Duke of Holstein Ploen The King after his usual Divertion went on the 27th of May from Breda to Ghent where the Inhabitants made great preparations to receive him with demonstrations of Joy suitable to what they owed to so great a King and the Protector of their Country and could not have done more to their own Sovereign the King of Spain had he come among them But though the King ordered the Rendesvouz of his Army in the foresaid place and that the Elector himself advanced towards the Scheld yet it is very likely that at the very beginning of the Campaign His
or Upper Castle which Work being embraced and all manner of Communication cut off was forced to Surrender But the French to prevent such a Method of proceeding another time built a strong Stone Redoubt just upon the top of the Hill between the Cohorn and Terra Nova with a Case-mott upon it Bomb-proof and this Work commands all this Bottom unto the Sambre before which Work they had also made a very good Covered Way pallisadoed from the Angle of the Gorge of the Cohorn to the Brink of the Hill upon the Meuse Add to this a very good Half-moon they had made upon the Curtain of the Horn-work of the Terra Nova besides their fortifying of the Devil's House which flanks the sides of the Cohorn towards the Meuse with a strong Stone Redoubt which place when the Spaniards had it had but a simple Retrenchment about it and yet it held out 4 or 5 Days From the upper part of the Cohorn which is towards the Meuse they had made a very good Covered Way that goes about before the forementioned Redoubt to the Edge of the Hill upon the Meuse they had undertaken a prodigious Line cut into a Rock all along the top of the Hill near an English Mile in length terminating upon the Edge of the Hill towards the Sambre and the same Hill towards the Meuse with two Redoubts at each end The Line was finished and the Redoubt towards the Meuse very forward but that toward the Sambre was but just begun which they made up with Fascines upon the Arrival of the Confederates before the Place And in short the Castle was so strongly fortify'd upon the top of the Hill with all these Outworks that it would have been a very tedious piece of Work for the Confederates to have attack'd it this way But the weak side of the Castle and Cohorn was towards the Sambre and the Town and the French had not provided for an Attack on that side so that all those prodigious Works fell into the Confederates Hands in less time than the French had taken this Place before tho' then far inferiour to what it is now in Strength and Fortifications To which if you add the Strength of the Garrison being computed at near 14000 Men and most of them the best Troops of France headed by a Mareschal of France and assisted by Major General de Megrigny one of the ablest Engineers in Europe it would look little less than a Wonder that the Confederates should carry it But now its time to come to some Particulars After the Place had been invested the King ordered the Earl of Athlone with most of the Cavalry to the Plains of Flerus and so to the Pieton to consume the Forage that was there and a good Reinforcement from the Army under Prince Vaudemont to march towards Namur where on the 27th of June the Besiegers began to work on the Lines of Circumvallation traceing the Ruines of that which the French had made when they besieged the place but for want of their Cannon coming up they did not open their Trenches till the first of July which was done without considerable Disturbance from the French But by the 3d their Cannon began to play from a Battery of 3 Pieces of Cannon from the de Bouge against the Old Tower and from the Edge of the Height of St. Barbe On the 4th a Detachment was sent to reinforce the Prince de Vaudemont upon an Information that the Duke de Villeroy designed to attack him who to that end had made his Army as strong as possible and passing the Lys advanced to St. Barbon of whose Motion the Prince being aware he made a Movement of his Camp at Woutergaem to bring his Right more to the Reer to take up the rising Ground of Arseel which he judged more defensible and then ordered Retrenchments to be made upon the Left towards the Lys and Walken as they also fortified all the rising Grounds upon the right of Arseel The Prince had then with him about 50 Battalions of Foot and 51 Squadrons of Horse and Dragoons and with these Forces he was then resolved to expect the Mareschal de Villeroy though the latter had near double the number with which he was marching upon the 4th of July towards him and came up early enough to have attacked him But whether it was that he found the Prince's Camp so strongly fortifyed or that he would not then hazard a Battle or that he had Orders to stay till Montal had taken his Post in the Reer of the Prince's Right Wing between Arseel and Wirk to attack him there he remained in sight of them that Evening expecting to have fallen upon the Prince very early in the Morning and in a manner to have caught him in a Net by invironing him on the Right But the Prince being informed of Montal's Motion and finding he had already passed the Thielt wisely changed his Resolution of Fighting and though the time was very urgent and pressing he immediately with a most admirable Judgment resolved upon and contrived a Retreat and as he is a Person of very great foresight he had wisely provided for such an Accident in the Morning by ordering all the Baggage to load immediately and to March by the way of Deinse to Ghent that it might not embarrass the motion of the Army First the Prince ordered the Cannon to be drawn off of the Batteries and to March towards Deinse which was done with that Secrecy that the Enemy did not perceive it for he had cunningly ordered the Artillery to be moving from the Batteries all the Afternoon so that when it went clear off the Enemy thought it had been but the ordinary Motion Then marched the two Lines of Foot upon the Left along the Retrenchment to cover which the Prince ordered a Body of Horse to go and post themselves in the Retrenchment as it was quitted by the Foot the Foot at the same time marching out with their Pikes and Colours trailing to conceal their going off Neither did the Enemy perceive this Motion till the Cavalry mounted again and abandoned the Retrenchment By which time the Infantry was got into the Bottom between Arseel and Wouterghem marching towards Deynse But while the Foot were filing off from the Retrenchment the Prince ordered Monsieur Overkirke with the Right Wing of the Horse interlined with Collier's Brigade of Foot to make a Line falling towards Caneghem extending himself from the Wind-mill of Arseel towards Wink And this Motion was in order to make Montal believe that this Line was designed to oppose his Attempt upon the Rear of the Prince's Right but his secret Orders were to march off by Wink to Nivelle and so to Ghent At the same time that the Foot marched by Wouterghem and Deynse the Earl of Rochford who was posted with the Left Wing of Horse and two Battalions towards the Lys made the Rear-Guard towards the Left with a Line of Foot upon the one
side and 3 Squadrons of Eâ—pinger's Horse upon the other All this was so contrived by the Prince from the Right to the Left that the Army disappeared all at once just as if it had vanished out of the Enemy's sight The Prince and the Duke of Wirtemberg with other Generals kept to the Retrenchments till all were marched off forming with their own Domesticks and Attendants a little Body of Horse still to impose upon the French and followed the Army as soon as it was all got off The Enemy finding themselves thus so strangely amused did what they could to overtake the Confederates and fall upon their Rear And particularly Montal endeavoured to attack that Body which was commanded by my Lord Overkirke whom he overtook with some Squadrons of Horse and Dragoons but the Defiles were good and Brigadeer Collier had ordered all the Grenadiers of his Brigade to the Rear of all to face the Enemy from time to time as they advanced in their Defiles which was so well contrived that the Grenadiers with their Fire kept the French at a Distance and made good the Retreat They attempted the same thing upon the Rear of the Body of Foot commanded by the Count de Noyelles with the like ill Success However two Squadrons of their Dragoons putting green Bows in their Hats which was the Confederates Signal of Battle and speaking some French some English as if they had been some of their own Rear-Guard did by that means towards Evening come up close to their Rear and marched along with them a little way till they came to a convenient place when they fired upon them first and then fell in with their Swords which put the first Battalion into some Disorder But the other facing about immediately constrained them to retire after they had killed a few Men which was inconsiderable in Comparison of this great and renowned Retreat which was as fine a piece of Art of War as can be read in History and can hardly be parallell'd in it and which shewed more the Art Conduct and Prudence of a General than if the Prince had gained a considerable Victory And this was the Sense His Majesty was pleased to express of it in a Letter he writ to Prince Vaudemont on this Occasion which is the same that follows COUSIN YOU cannot believe how much your Letter of Yesterday-Noon which I received this Morning by Break of Day disturbed me On the other side how joyful I was upon the Receipt of the other Letter dated from Marykirk near Ghent this Day at 3 in the Morning I am much obliged to you for in this Retreat you have given greater Marks of a General consummate in the Art of War than if you had won a Battle I absolutely approve your Conduct upon this Occasion and hope it will hinder the Enemy from undertaking any more of the same nature Nevertheless I shall be impatient till I hear which Way they bend their March since this Blow has failed them I remain always c. The Prince having made his Retreat in this Order and the Army being posted at Deynse where a Garrison was left under Brigadeer O Farrell as Dixmude was with a good Number of Men committed to the Care of Major-General Ellenburg and got as far as Nivelle in his Way to Ghent there were Orders given to halt and rest there that Night But the Prince as he himself afterwards said remembring a Maxim of that great General Charles the Fourth Duke of Lorrain his Father That when an Army is upon the Retreat it must be sure to retreat out of the Enemy's Reach they were ordered to decamp again and the whole Army by 2 next Morning were got to Marykirk under the Walls of Ghent from whence the Prince sent a Reinforcement for the Security of Newport And here at present we leave him as we do the French Army at Roselaer to see what is done at Namuâ— which we shall now prosecute in as concise a manner as we can with little or no Intervention of other Actions till the Surrender of the Town The Besiegers as it has been said having already invested the Place and begun to raise their Lines of Circum vallation this Work because of the great Circuit of Ground it took up kept the Soldiers and Pioneers employed from the 3d of July to the 10th so that on the 11th at Night the Trenches were opened against the Town in two Attacks the one along the Meuse and the other upon the adjacent Rising Grounds the Enemy at the same time making a Sally but they were repulsed with Loss Next Night the Trenches were carried on considerably with no Loss and so on to the 15th when their Batteries were raised And next Day the Trenches next the Meuse were advanced from one side to the other and the Day following they advanced 300 Paces farther at what time the Besieged fired very furiously and made a Sally and after some Resistance retired But upon the 18th they made another Sally about 3 in the Afternoon with 1200 Horse and 4 Squadrons of Dragoons and crossing the Meuse they fell upon the Trenches on the Right Hand of the Bridge belonging to that River took a Re-doubt that was unfinished and only stuffed with Sacks of Wool and fell with great Fury both in Front and Flank upon the Besiegers who were forced at first to give way But resuming fresh Courage they were beaten back with the Loss of 300 of their Men Yet the Combat was also bloody to the Besiegers However the King finding that very Day that the Trenches were advanced within Fuzil-shot of the Counterscarp he ordered the same to be stormed that Evening an Hour before Sun-set which was done by 5 Battalions of the Foot-Guards commanded by Major-General Ramsey seconded by 9 Battalions more of English and Scotch and on the Left by 8 Dutch and other Regiments under the Command of Major-General Salish The Attack was made with extraordinary Bravery and such Success that the French after a Dispute of near 2 Hours were beaten out of their Works The King according to his usual manner remained upon the Place during the whole Action and had divers Persons slain about him and particularly Mr. Godfrey Deputy-Governor of the Bank of England who was come into the Camp to wait upon His Majesty about Mony for the Payment of the Army The Confederates Loss was not very great considering the Resistance the French made but it was too much the Killed and Wounded amounting to near 800 Men. But this did not in the least daunt their Courage so that their Trenches were on 19th advanced to the Village of Bouge towards St. Nicholas Gate The same thing being done also on that side next the Meuse as well above as below with a Design to draw two Parallels along the River on that side next the Suburbs of Jambe and opposite to the Castle-Bridge which made the French who were apprehensive of the Design to set
of the House of Commons that I promise My Self an happy Conclusion of this Session unless you suffer your selves to be mis-led into Heats and Divisions Which being the only Hope Our Enemies have now left I make no Doubt but you will entirely disappoint them by your Prudence and Love to your Country We will leave the Parliament to deliberate upon the mighty Affairs contained in this Speech as we do Admiral Sir George Rook to go into the Streights in the room of Admiral Russel now come home with our great Ships and observe according to our Custom in the Conclusion of the Year what has fallen out that was particularly remarkable in the Course of it that could not well be introduced into the Body of the Story and we find only this that Anselm Francis Frederick de Angelheim Bishop of Mentz departed this Life on the 30th of March being extreamly aged after having held that Bishoprick about 16 Years and was succeeded in the Bishoprick and Electorate by Lothair Francis de Schonborn his Coad jutor and Bishop of Bemberg year 1696 Now we begin with another Year and without the least Recapitulation of what preceded we come to take notice That though our Arms had triumphed abroad in the manner already related yet never was a Nation under such unhappy Circumstances as England at this time where Guineas were at an exorbitant Price and our Silver Coin through the Wickedness of Villanous Men reduced to such a state that nothing but the Wisdom of such a Parliament as then sate and of him that was at the Head of them could possibly have gone through with the Amendment of it But though the matter was managed with admirable Prudence and Celerity so as that an Act was ready and Signed early in Jan. for the remedying the ill State of our Coin Yet it put such a general Stop to Trade and gave such an occasion of Uneasiness to all in general and such an opportunity for the Malecontents to be practising their Villanies against the Government that I dare avow it would have been endured in no other Reign save that of our good and heroick Kingâ— nor so well then neither save something that happened in consequence of it which gave an opportunity to secure all that were suspected to be troublesome and which turned the worst of Mischiefs to the best Effects according to the Disposition of Divine Providence that had always appeared very remarkable in the preservation of that Sacred Life whom we shall never sufficiently value But to give a little Sceach of what was preludious to the Discovery of that damnable Design against His Majesty's Person we are to understand that the French finding themselves considerably upon the losing Hand last Campagne not only made divers new Levies this Winter but divers Troops filed off daily towards the Sea-Coast which gave great Umbrage to the Confederates and especially to Holland as fearing they might be designed to infest the Coasts of Zealand and Flanders But the Design was quickly unravel'd for many Days in February had not been gone but that it was a publick Discourse in France That the Intent was to re-establish the late King upon the Throne and that the Design was so far concerted that nothing more remained but the Winds and the Waves to do their part In order to this the late King on the 18th of February took Post for Calais and immediately upon his Arrival the Troops Artillery and Stores were ordered to be put on Board with the utmost Diligence while News was impatiently expected from England to set Sail And so Cock-sure were they in France of the Success of the Enterprize that the Duke of Orleans in consideration of his near Alliance with the Duke of Savoy and with an assured Prospect of the Overthrow of most of the Confederates sollicited that Prince in a very pressing manner to make his Peace betimes But if they were so mightily alarmed before on the other side of the Water at these Preparations they were much more now when they heard of the late King's Arrival at Calais which made the Duke of Wirtemberg immediately to dispatch one of his Aids de Camp for England to give his Majesty notice of all this The Prince de Vaudemont who was then at Brussels with the Elector of Bavaria both dispatched Expresses also to the King by way of Holland upon the same account But the Duke of Wirtemberg's Messenger going directly by the way of Newport with great Difficulty in escaping the Enemy got to Court first which was on the 22d of Feb. and acquainted his Majesty that the Duke had stopped all the Ships in the Harbor and Canal of Ostend as well as that of Bruges in order to transport the Forces over for his Service And 't was further said he should send word That in case he did not hear quickly from his Majesty he would run the hazard of bringing them over The States of Holland made the like Preparations at Sas van Ghent But notwithstanding all the Expedition used by the Duke of Wirtemberg's Aid de Camp the King had received before some certain Intimations not only of the Invasion but also of the Conspiracy against his Person But because such desperate Designs as these are cannot be thought to be concerted in a Day it will be necessary to look a little back and search into the very beginning of it as far as could be discovered from such Hellish Darkness It was as early as the latter end of 1694. that the Embrio of the Villany was contrived and because some might be brought to engage in such an Assassination who otherwise scrupled it unless they had a Commisssion from the late King for that purpose it was agreed that one Mr. Waugh should go visit his Friends the Jacobites in England and to give those of them he most confided in an Account that their Friends in France thought the killing of King William the most effectual means to restore their old Master Jemmy And in order to assure them of his Concurrence in the Fact they should have a Commission from him to command the doing it and an Order to all his general Officers then in England to be aiding and assisting in it To corroborate this Assurance Major Crosby came at the same time over and affirmed he saw the Commission Signed and under Seal in France that it was sent away before him and if it was not already come he was certain it was upon the Road. But however it came about and that the Project was to cut the King off before he went to Holland blessed be God it took not effect Yet that it was really intended is manifest from the Lady Mary Fenwick's Petition praying a Reprieve for Sir John her Husband delivered afterwards to the House of Lords But though His Majesty got safe and escaped the intended Fatal Stroak the restless Spirits of those wicked Men some whereof were born to be hanged would not let
Marquisate of Suza and Barcellonet into Pignerol and its Dependencies in order to Regulate his Interests Rights and Revenues and to settle his Customs and Excises upon Salt and other things And the said deputed Persons shall be admitted and authorised in their Offices immediately after the Ratification of this present Treaty after which the said Duties shall belong to his Royal Highness without Exception or Contradiction XIII That if the Neutrality for Italy be accepted or that a General Peace be Concluded as in such Cases a great many Troops would become altogether Useless and Chargeable to his Royal Highness and that besides the excessive Charges requisite for the maintaining of them they commonly become an occasion of creating a mis-understanding among Princes when more Troops are kept on Foot than are necessary in a State either for its own Conservation or for the maintaining of the Dignity of a Sovereign Prince his Royal Highness doth therefore oblige himself not to keep in times of Neutrality any more than Six thousand Foot on this side the Alpes and One thousand five hundred on the other side of the Mountains for the Garrisons of Savoy and of the County of Nice and One thousand five hundred Horse or Dragoons and this Obligation is to continue only till the General Peace be Concluded We the above-mentioned Plenipotentiaries have agreed upon and signed these present Articles and we do promise and engage to procure them to be ratified and confirmed by his Majesty and by his Royal Highness promising likewise that they shall be kept secret till the end of September next and if at that time new Articles are made to the same Sense and purpose then these shall be suppressed Dated at Turin the Twenty Ninth of August 1696. Rhene de Froullay and Saint Thomas And because some may be curious to see the French King's Act of Surrender of the Country of Savoy to the Duke it was conceived in these Terms BE it known to all Persons whatsoever That in pursuance of a Treaty of Peace made and signed between his most Christian Majesty Lewis XIV King of France and Navarre on the one part and his Royal Highness Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy Prince of Piedmont King of Cyprus c. on the other Part That his most Christian Majesty hath given Orders to Monsieur Anthony Balthasar Marquiss de Thoy Major General of the Armies of France and Governour of Savoy to restore entirely to his Royal Highness all the Countries Places Castles and Fortresses of all Savoy except Montmilian and to draw out all the Troops that are there pursuant to his Majesty's Letters Patents To this end his Royal Highness hath sent the Marquiss of Thana Captain of his Life Guards Major General of his Army and Governour of Savoy with a Power to receive in his Royal Highness's Name all the said Estates and Places The said Marquiss de Thoy having therefore personally appeared in the Council-Chamber of the Town-Hall of Chambery and having there assembled the Nobility the Syndics and Counsellors of the said City and the said Marquiss of Thana there likewise appearing did then and there receive from the said Marquiss de Thoy an absolute and full Surrender in the Name of his most Christian Majesty of all the Countries and of all the Places of the Dutchy of Savoy Montmelian only excepted according to the Treaty of Peace The said Marquiss de Thoy expressing the same in these following Words viz. My Lord Marquess de Thana in Pursuance of an Order from the King my Master and according to the Power you have also received from his Royal Highness I do hereby make an entire Surrender and Restitution to his Royal Highness in your Person of all the Countries and Places and of all the Dependencies of the Estate of Savoy Montmelian excepted and his Royal Highness may accordingly dispose of the same in like manner as he had done before those Estates were conquered by the King 's Arms. To which the Marquiss of Thana answered That he received in his Royal Highness's Name the aforesaid Countries Places and Dependencies This done the Marquiss de Thoy repeated once more the Words of the said Surrender and then went out of the Town House Of all the aforesaid Transactions both the said Marquesses de Thoy and Thana caused an Act to be made before Publick Notaries which was signed Thoy de Pisâ—en Marquiss de Thana As Witnesses Syndics Favre de Charmettes Perin Cugnet Tonce Syndics I Jasper Chambet Notary and Burgess of Chambery have receiv'd and passed the present Act as required Signed G. Chambet Not. When the News of this procedure came our King was Encamped at Gemblours where Monsieur de la Tour the Duke of Savoy's Envoy notified to him the separate Peace which his Master had made with the French King and that the Forces of the Allies were to depart his Country within such a limitted time or be forced to it by his own Troops in Conjunction with those of France But that it was in the power of the Confederates to make a Neutrality which should include all Italy within the same time I could never learn what Answer his Majesty gave the Envoy but perhaps he was more concerned that the Duke by Letter should excuse the matter to the Emperor King of Spain and Electors of Bavaria and Brandenburg and yet not a line to him than at the thing it self and this procedure of the Dukes makes that Harange of his Envoy the Marquess de Govon to the late King James in Sept. this Year to be the more to be believed the which because so Diametrically opposite to that we have given you in the preceding part of this Book which was made to his present Majesty and our late Queen Mary of Happy Memory and that it is a strange instance of the unconstancy of sublunary things take as follows SIR HIS Royal Highness is at length happily reconciled to his mâ—st Christian Majesty against whom he had rashly taken up Arms tho' he has all along receiv'd sincere Proofs of His Majesty's Protection The strict Leagues his noble Ancestors have heretofore had with France and the more exact Alliance his Royal Highness has contracted by his Marriage have but the more disjoyn'd him from the Interest of that Kingdom This Vnion which ought to have been the most inviolable we have lately seen interrupted by the Artifices of his most Christian Majesty's and your Majesty's Enemies to whom his Royal Highness has been hitherto so weak as to give ear His Royal Highness therefore humbly begs Your Majesty would please to pardon his past Conduct so very contrary to his sincere Desires to re-establish your Majesty upon your Throne The Injustice and Oppression of your Enemies Sir have caused his most Christian Majesty to engage in this War God Almighty has hitherto favour'd his Attempts because they are just and 't is also to be hoped he will lend the like Attention to your Majesty's Petition
His Royal Highness for his part will contribute all in his Power thereunto who likewise flatters himself that this Treaty lately signed with his most Christian Majesty may be a Means to divide these Princes whose Vnion will infallibly oppose your Majesty's Return to your Dominions which may facilitate a general Peace the first Effects of which will undoubtedly be your Majesty's Re-establishment on your Throne This has been the Occasion Sir of his Royal Highness's withdrawing from the Allies and which he hopes will be thought fully to answer his promises to your Majesty's Ministers seâ—t to sollicite him in that behalf This he would have perform'd sooner but Your Majesty may be inform'd from the most Christian King what Reasons inclined him to the contrary These Sir are the sincere Protestations of his Royal Highness which he will endeavour to make appear by his continued Prayers for the Prosperity of your Sacred Majesty But to return the French King in Conformity to his Articles made a formal Resignation of all manner of pretentions to Savoy and the Dukes Territories whilst his Royal Highness upon the expiration of the Truce on the 15th of Sept. put himself at the head of the French and his own Troops to drive his Friends the Allies out of Italy or to accept of a Neutrality for it A strange Metamorphosis and such as I think cannot be parallel'd in any History Ancient or Modern that one and the same Prince who equals himself to Crown'd Heads should successively in one and the same Campaign Command the two Armies of two Enemies This was a pace none of his Ancestors ever made though they shewed themselves unconstant enough between the French and Spanish Crowns upon divers occasions But so it was that the Duke marched at the head of his Army and laid Siege to Valentia a Citty in the Dutchy of Milan belonging to the King of Spain which was carried on with much Vigour while the Treaty was agitated on both sides by the Prince of Fundi from the Emperor Marquess of Leganez on the part of the Spaniards the Lord Gallaway for the King of England and the Marquess de St. Thomas for the Duke of Savoy and many Conferences were held before they could be brought to any Conclusion But though the French and Savoyards were so eager to take Valentia they found an harder thing of it than was expected having lost above 3000 Men before it and the approach of the bad Weather and the Winter Season made the matter very Dubious at last and things on all hands were brought to this Crisis on both sides whether the French should run the hazzard and Dishonour that would accrue to them of raising the Siege or whether the Confederates would venture the losing of it and with that protract the War in Italy But all Parties having considered the advantages and disadvantages the Neutrality was agreed to and signed upon the 7th of October containing chiefly the following Articles I. That there shall be a Neutrality or Suspension of Arms in Italy till a General Peace II. That the Imperial and French Troops shall depart out of Italy and return into their own Countries III. That in lieu of Winter Quarters which the Princes of Italy were otherwise oblig'd to allow the Imperialists they should furnish them with 300000 Crowns that is to say One third before their Retreat and the remainder at a time prefix'd upon sufficient Security IV. That so soon as the Imperialists should begin to March off with some part of their Troops the French should proportionably do the like V. That the Treaty should be ratifyed within two Days by the Duke of Savoy by the Emperor within a Month and within two by the King of Spain Hereupon the Count of Thesse and Marquess de Vins were sent Hostages to Turin by the French is were also the Prince of Trivultio and the Marquess de Burgomaniero by the King of Spain and the Marquess of St. Thomas to Milan by the Duke of Savoy Things being thus concluded on in Italy in respect to that particular Peace there was a mighty Discourse all the while of a general One with the rest of the Confederates and Monsieur Dickvelt's going about the same time to the King's Camp when News came to him of the former made the same hotly Discoursed of People supposing he came to His Majesty to give an Account of his Negotiations about that important Affair And that which confirmed Men more in this Opinion was That Monsieur Dickvelt made this Journey more than once between the Camp and the Hague but this matter we shall pursue no further at present it being time we should proceed to see the Operations of the Campaign in Hungary this Year The Armies on each side were Commanded by the same Generals as the preceding Year the Grand Seignior pretty early in the Summer came to Belgrade at the head of very numerous Troops while the Elector of Saxony about the beginning of June joined the Imperial Forces whom he found to be so good that according to all the Intelligence at that time of the Enemies Numbers he might be able to fight them or if they refused to sit down before some considerable place Whereupon several Counsels of War were held according to Custom wherein it was resolved at length to Besiege Themeswaer but whether it were really designed for a formal Siege or that it was only a feint to draw the Mahometans to a Battle is uncertain However the Duke approached the place viewed it raised Batteries and in some measure made a formal Attack upon the Town while advice came in the mean time thick and three-fold that the Sultan was preparing to cross the Danube with his whole Army which made the Elector glad of the News rise from before Themeswaer and immediately to set forward to meet the Infidels But this proving to be a false Rumour the Elector returned to attack the place again though this was thought to have been done that the Turks might be more eager to follow him and indeed the Stratagem took For the Sultan to divert him from the Siege came on amain which made the Elector to make some small motion towards the Enemy to the end he might take his measures to observe their Countenance and the Scituation of their Ground So that the Imperialists continued their march when on the 21st of August by break of Day they found the Turkish Chavalry begin to appear in very great Numbers which made the Elector and General Capara to cause the Army to march in order of Battle But at the same time the Infidels came pouring down upon the Christians from several parts with extraordinary Fury But they met with such Vigorous resistance from every Quarter that after a sharp Recounter they were forced to retreat and the Germans pursued them close at their Heels with an intention to drive them upon their Infantry in hopes to have come up with them the same Day and
any thing under what Pretence soever to the Ruin or Prejudice of the other nor Afford or Lend Assistance upon any account whatsoever to any one who would attempt it or in any wise do any Wrong to the other that he will not receive protect or assist in any way or manner whatsoever the Rebellious and Disobedient Subjects of the other Party but on the contrary both Parties shall seriously procure the Benefit Honour and mutual Advantage of each other notwithstanding all Promises Treaties and Alliances to the contrary made or to be made in any manner whatsoever which are abolished and made of none effect by the present Treaty II. There shall be on both sides an Amnesty and perpetual Oblivion of all the Hostilities reciprocally committed in what place or manner soever it be so that upon any Cause or Pretence of the same or upon any other account it may not be lawful for the one to express any Resentment to the other nor create any Trouble or Vexation directly or indirectly either by way of Justice or de facto in any place whasoever nor permit that any such shall be expressed or created but all and singular the Injuries and Violences whether by Word Deed or Writing without any respect to Persons or Things are so intirely and fully abolish'd and cancell'd that whatsoever the one may pretend against the other upon this account shall be bury'd in everlasting Oblivion all and several the Subjects and Vassals of both Parties shall enjoy the Effect and Benefit of the present Amnesty insomuch that the having adhered to such or such a Party shall not be wrested to the Prejudice or Disadvantage of any of them but that he shall be wholly re-establish'd and settled as to his Honours and Estate in the same condition he was in immediately before the War excepting notwithstanding what hath been more especially and particularly regulated in the following Articles in relation to Moveables Ecclesiastical Benefices and Revenues III. The Treaties of Westphalia and Nimeguen shall be look'd upon as the Basis and Foundation of this present Treaty and consequently in pursuance of the same immediately upon the Exchange of the Ratifications the said Treaties shall be fully executed in respect both to Spiritual and Temporal Matters and shall be inviolably observed for the future except in such Cases wherein it is expresly otherwise agreed on by this present Treaty IV. Particularly there shall be deliver'd up to his Imperial Majesty to the Empire and to its States and Members all the Places and Rights situate out of Alsâ—â—ia that have been in the possession of and occupy'd and enjoy'd by his most Christian Majesty as well during the present War by way of Fact and Deed as by way of Unions and Reunions or that have been exprest in the Catalogue of Reunions produced by the Ambassadors of France nulling to this purpose all the Decrees Determinations Acts and Declarations made upon this account by the Chambers of Metz and Besancon and by the Council of Brisac and all things shall be reduced to the same Condition wherein they were before the foresaid Seisures Unions or Reunions without putting the Possessors of the said Places to any further Trouble or Molestation the Roman Catholick Religion nevertheless remaining settled in the fore-mentioned places in the same manner as it is at present V. And albeit by these general Rules one may easily judge who they be that are to be re-established and in what manner and how far they ought to be so nevertheless upon the earnest Sollicitations of some and for some particular Reasons it hath been thought convenient to make particular mention of some Occasions yet so that those who shall not be expresly named may not be taken for omitted but shall absolutely enjoy the same Right as those that are nominated and may be put in the same Rank and Capacity VI. Namely the Elector of Triers and Bishop of Spires shall be re-invested in the Possession of the City of Triers or Treves in the same Condition wherein it is at present without demolishing or damnifying any thing either in the publick or private Edifices together with the Artillery that was therein at the very time of its last being taken In like manner whatsoever was regulated in the IV. Article aforegoing upon the account of places occupied of Unions and Re-unions must be thought to be repeated in particular in favour of the Churches of Treves and Spires VII The Elector of Brandenbourgh shall likewise enjoy all the Advantages of the present Peace and shall be therein comprised together with all his Territories Possessions Subjects and Rights and more especially those that appertaiâ— and belong to him by Virtue of the Treaty of the 29th of June in the Year 1679. just as if they had been specified each in particular VIII All the States occupied and enjoyed by the most Christian King shall be surrender'd to the Elector Palatine whether they belong to him in particular or whether he possesses them in common with others of what nature soever they may be and particularly the City and Prefecture of Germersheim together with the Prefectures and Vice-Prefectures therein comprised with all the Fortresses Cities Burroughs Towns Villages Hamlets Fiefs Funds and Rights according as they were surrendred by the Peace of Westphalia together with all Instruments Instructions and Acts taken away or plunder'd from the Archives or Records Chancery Court of Fiefs from the Chamber of Counts of Prefectures and other Palatine Offices not any Place Effect Right or Document being excepted and as to what relates to the Claims and Rights of the Dutchess of Oâ—leans it is agreed upon that the aforesaid Restitution being first made the â—usiness shall be decided and judged in Form of Compromise by his Imperial Majesty and by his most Christian Majesty as Arbitrators which shall be decided according to the Imperial Laws and Constitutions But if they do not agree in their Verdict the Business shall be referr'd to the Pope to judge of it as Supreme Arbitrator Nevertheless they shall not forbear in the mean time endeavouring to procure an amicable Concord between the Parties and till such time as the Businnss be determined and ended the said Elector shall give every Year to the said Dutchess of Orleans the Sum of Two hundred thousand French Livres or One hundred thousand Florins of the Rhine in such manner and upon the same Condition as is specified by a particular Article of the same Power and Force as the present Treaty and that the Right of the two Parties as also that of the Empire shall remain intire in respect of the Possessor as well as Pretender IX There shall be restored to the King of Sweden in quality of Prince Palatine of the Rhine the County of Sponâ—eim Valdents his ancient Dutchy of Deux Ponts intire and with all its Appurtenances Dependences and Rights which the Counts Palatines of the Rhine and Dukes of Deux Ponts Predecessors of his Swedish Majesty
may not demand any thing back again upon occasion of Fruits or Revenues received or Pensions granted after the taking or detaining until the Day of the Ratification of the present Treaty Provided nevertheless that Merchandize Debts and Moveables shall not be re-demanded if confiscated during or upon account of the War or converted to other Uses by publick Authority nor shall the Creditors of the said Debts and Moveables or their Heirs or Executors ever sue for them nor pretend to any Restitution or Satisfaction for them The said Restitutions shall also extend to those who have followed a contrary Party who have thereupon been suspected and who have been deprived of their Estates after the Peace of Nimeguen for having absented themselves to go to inhabit elsewhere or because they have refused to pay Homage or such like Causes or Pretences which said Persons consequently by virtue of this Peace shall return into their Prince's Favour and into all their ancient Rights and Estates whatsoever such as they are at the time of the Conclusion and Signing of this Treaty and all that hath been said in this Article shall be executed immediately after the Ratification of the Peace notwithstanding all Donations Concessions Alienations Declarations Confiscations Faults Expences Meliorations interlocutory and definitive Sentences past out of Contumacy and Contempt the Persons absent not being heard to speak for themselves which said Sentences shall be null and of none effect and look'd upon as though they had never been pronounc'd they all of them being left to their Liberty to return into their Country to enter upon their aforesaid Estates and enjoy them as well as their Rents and Revenues or to go sojourn and take up their Habitation elsewhere in what place they shall think fit and such as they have a mind to make Choice of without any Violence or Constraint And in such a Case it shall be permitted to them to cause their Estates and revenues to be administred by Sollicitors or Proctors that are not suspected and may peaceably enjoy them excepting only Ecclesiastical Benefices that require Residence which shall be regulated and administred personally Lastly It shall be free for every Subject of either Party to sell exchange alieniate and convey by Testament Deed of Gift or otherwise their Estates Goods moveable and immoveable Rents and Revenues which they may possess in the States or Dominions of another Sovereign so that any ones Subject or a Foreigner may buy them or purchase them without having need of further Permission from the Sovereign besides that which is contained in this present Article XLVII If any Ecclesiastical Benefices mediate or immediate have been during this War conferr'd by one of the Parties in the Territories and Places that were under his Dominion upon Persons qualified according to the Canon or Rule of their first Institution and the Lawful Statutes general or particular made on this behalf or by any other Canonical disposal made by the Pope The said Ecclesiastical Benefices shall be left to the present Possessors as likewise the Ecclesiastical Benefices conferr'd after this manner before this War in the Places that ought to be restored by the present Peace so that henceforth no Person may or ought to trouble or molest them in the Possession and lawful Administration of the same neither in receiving the Fruits and Benefits nor upon that account may they at any time be presented summoned or cited to appear in a Court of Judicature or any other way whatsoever disturbed or molested Upon condition notwithstanding that they discharge themselves honestly and perform what they are bound to by vertue of the said Benefices XLVIII Forasmuch as it conduceth much to the publick Peace and Tranquility that the Peace concluded at Turin the 29th of August 1696. between his Most Christian Majesty and his Royal Highness be exactly and duly observed it hath likewise been found expedient to confirm it and to comprise it in this present Treaty and to make it of the same Value and for ever to subsist and be in Force The Points that have been regulated in favour of the House of Savoy in the Treaties of Westphalia and Nimeguen re-established above are confirmed in particular and judged as here repeated word for word yet so nevertheless that the Restitution of Pignerol and its Dependences already made may not in any case diminish or alter the Obligation wherein his Most Christian Majesty hath engaged himself to pay to the Duke of Mantua the Sum of Four hundred ninety four thousand Crowns for discharge of the Duke of Savoy as is explained more at large in the Treaty of the Peace of Westphalia And to the end that this may be more fully and more strongly confirmed All and every One the Princes that participate of the General Peace do promise to the Duke of Savoy and will reciprocally receive from him the Promises and Securities that they stipulate among themselves for a more firm Assurance of the Matter XLIX Upon the whole it is not meant that by whatsoever Restitution of Places Persons Estates Rights made or to be made by France there is acquired any new Right to such as are or shall be so re-establish'd But that if any other have any Claim or Pretension against them they shall be propounded examined and decided in a convenient place after the making of the said Restitution which for this reason ought by no means to be deferred L. So soon as ever the present Treaty of Peace shall have been Signed and Sealed by the Lords Extraordinary Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries all Hostilities and Violence of what Nature soever shall cease as also all demolishing of Edifices all Devastations of Vineyards and Forests all felling of Trees immediately after the Exchange of the Ratifications all the Troops shall be made to retire from the unfortified Places belonging to the other Party And as for what concerns fortified Places that are to be restored by the present Treaty they shall within Thirty days after the Ratification of the Peace or sooner if possible be surrendred to and put into the Hands of those that are nominated in the preceding Articles or if not expresly nominated then to those who did possess them immediately before their being taken without any demolishing of Fortifications or Edifices either publick or private without making them in a worse Condition than they are at present or without exacting any thing for or by reason of any Expences in the said Places and the Soldiers shall not exact any thing upon this account or for any other cause whatsoever nor carry any thing away of the Effects belonging to the Inhabitants or of what ought to be left there in pursuance of this Treaty As for all sorts of Demolitions to be made pursuant to the Agreements above it shall be wholly and effectually performed in respect of the less considerable things within a Month if possible and in respect of the more considerable within two Months if it may be done
Coaequation and that his Pension be reserved to him That for the Sum which he promised to pay some Ensigns out of his own Money the same should be taken out of what should arise from the four Quarters The Artillery was to be paid out of the Revenue of Lipiuski Germoreski and Winosopski till the succeeding Dyet of which the General of the Artillery was to give an account to the succeeding Dyets at hand That the Artillery should be laid up in the Arsenal of Wilna from whence it was not to be taken out but to be employ'd against the Enemies of the Republick That Protection should be granted to the Lithuanian Tartars as well for their Estates as Persons upon Condition that they took forthwith the Oath of Fidelity to the King and the Republick Having thus dispatch'd the Affairs of the North I shall not amuse the Reader in this place with the Naval Fight that hapned between the Venetian and Ottoman Fleets in the Waters of Mitylene on the 20th of September since I cannot with any Certainty assign what Loss was sustained or the Victory to either side so various have the Reports been tho' the former laid a Claim to it but design now to resume the Negotiations of the Peace with the Turks already mentioned but because the same has spun out into the new Year before the final Conclusion of it I shall here according to my Custom briefly touch upon the Remarkables of the last Towards the beginning of February dyed Frederick Casimir Duke of Courland at Mittau the place of his Residence who was succeeded by his Son Frederick Casimir a Child of of about Six Years Old During whose Minority Prince Ferdinand his Uncle who has embrac'd the Popish Religion would have taken the Guardianship and Administration upon him But the States have interposed and the young Prince is to be bred up a Protestant The third of the same Month was also fatal to Ernestus Augustus Elector and Duke of Hanover and Bishop of Osnaburg who departed this Life at Hernhausem He was born November the 10th 1629. being third Son to George Duke of Lunemburg and Anne Eleonora Daughter of Landgrave Lewis of Hesse-Damrstadt He was married in 1659. to the Princess Palatine Sophia Daughter to Frederick Elector Palatine and Elizabeth Stuart Daughter of King James I. and Sister to King Charles I. by whom he had several Children and whereby it appears the present Elector his Son is next in Succession after the Royal Family here by the present Constitution of the Government that no Roman Catholick shall inherit to the Crown of England By the Peace of Westphalia the deceased Elector was designed Bishop of Osnabrug which is a very considerable Country when the Alternative was settled for one time a Roman Catholick and next time a Prince of the House of Lunemburg of which he took Possession in 1668. upon the death of the Cardinal of Wirtemburg the last Roman Catholick Bishop The Emperor was no sooner informed of the Elector's death but that in pursuance to the said Treaty he dispatch'd away a Commissioner to be present at the Election of a new Bishop for which there were divers Candidates and about which the Capitulars were extreamly divided But at length April the 14th they all united in favour of Charles Joseph Ignatius of Lorrain Bishop of Olmutz the Duke of that Name 's Brother who was advanced to that Dignity And now we have mentioned the Death of two Illustrious Persons we shall take notice of as many marriages One was in the North at the Swedish Court between the Duke of Holstein Gottorp and Hedwig Sophia Princess Royal of Sweden which was Consummated at Carelsbourg on the 12th of June without any Solemnity But the other between the present Duke of Lorrain and Elizabeth Charlotte Daughter to the Duke of Orleans the French King's Brother was performed upon the 12th of October at Fontainbleau with so much Pomp and Ceremonious Observances that I have no great Stomach to relate the Particulars and as little to call to mind the death Ferdinand Joseph Electoral Prince of Bavaria who departed this Life February 16th N. S. 1699. not long after as was given out and that very probably the King of Spain had settled the Succession of that Crown upon him and the French King 's Memorial at Madrid upon that Subject was a manifest Confirmation of it And the Truth of it is if there was a Right of Succession any where it must be in the Person of this young Prince by vertue of the Seventeenth Article of the Pyrenean Treaty Which undoubtedly must have stood good in Point of Justice whatever others have said against it in favour of another Person else we must account Don Lewis de Haro one of the wisest Ministers of State that ever Spain bred a â—ool and no Treaties how solemnly soever made of any Validity But now to draw to a Closure we are to remind you that the Plenipotentiaries on either side both Christian and Turk with the Mediators met at Câ—rlâ—â—itz in order to terminate so long and expensive a War by a Peace or at least a Truce for some term of Years It was the â—th of November when the Mediators delivered to the Turkish Plenipotentiaries the Preliminary Articles which mainly in Substance contained That each Party respectively should retain what he had got and the following days till the 12th were spent in preparing Matters upon which they were to enter in Conference that day On the 13th the Imperial and Turkish Plenipotentiaries caused several fair Tents to be set up on the sides of the House appointed for the Conferences and by Nine in the Morning the first arrived at the Mediators Lodgings whither the Turks also repaired at the same time and from thence went altogether to the House of Conference where after mutual Civilities they took their Places in the midst of the Tent which had four Doors two whereof being opposite to one another served for the Entrance of the Mediators and the other two for the Imperial and Turkish Plenipotentiaries The Count of Oâ—â—inghen had the right of the former and Reis Effendi of the latter The Mediators Secretaries and those of the Imperial Embassy were placed behind and the Turkish Secretary who stood up-right before sat down upon the Floor And this was the manner of the opening of the first Conference after pronouncing of these Words God-Grant an happy Pâ—â—ce There was a Table in the midst between the Mediators and Plenipotentiaries And the Conference lasted from half an Hour after Ten till Three in the Afternoon when the Mediators and Plenipotentiaries went out in the same order as they entred But all the while they were within the Emperor's and Turkish Guards besides a great Number of Officers of both Nations environed the Tent. The Conferences were renewed in the same manner the three succeeding days with good Success And among other things they conferred about the Regulation of
out of favour K. Charles II's different Carriage to the Addressors Mr. Sidney sent Embassador into Holland and for what K. Charles makes a Defensive Alliance with Holland The Dauphine intended to marry Dauphine married to the Princeâ—â— of Bavaria The Emperor's Memorial to the Diet at Ratisbone concerning the French Infractions The Result of the Diet. The Empire complain of France Parliamenâ— met The Bill of Exclusion The Bill thrown out of the House of Lords The Parliament prosecute the Abhorrers of Petitioning The Resolution of the Commons against lending the King Money The Earl of Ossory's Death The Death of the Electors of Saxony and Palatine The Earl of Essex's Speech to the King The Lords Petition to the King Fitz-Harris his Libel The Oxford Parliament dissolved The King's Declaration after the Dissolution of the Parliament Stephen Colledge Try'd The Earl of Argyle's Case Articles granted Strasburg Protestant Dissenters Prosecuted The Charter of London questioned The pretended Presâ—byterian â—ior Earl of Essex's Death Lord 〈…〉 Speech Col. Sidney Try'd Col. Sidney's Paper Methods used to get the Charters of Cities surrender'd The League of Ausburg The Carriage of the French upon the Turks invading Hungary The Emperor prepares against the Turks Newheusel besieged by the Imperialists The Siege raised The Turks advance to Austria The Tartars attack the Germans Great Consternation at Vienna The Turks form the Siege of Vienna A Journal of the Siege from the Beginning to the End Count Staremberg's Letter to the Duke of Lorain The Battel of Barkan Gran besieged by the Germans 〈…〉 K. Charles contemptible abroad Luxemburg besieged by the French and surrender'd The 20 Years Truce Genoa bombarded by the French Fleet. Vicegrade besieged and taken by the Imperialists The Siege of Buda The D. of Lorain's Letter to the Emperor concerning the beating of the Turks Army The Siege of Buda raised Count Lesley routs the Turks in Selavonia and takes Virovitz The Emperor's Forces successful against the Turks in Vpper Hungary 〈…〉 The Campaign in Poland The Venetians take Sancta Maura The Venetians make â—ncursions into the Turkish Territories The Venetians besiege Prevesa Prâ—vesa surrendered The Death of King Charles II. K. James 〈◊〉 Speech to the Council◠〈…〉 K. James II Crownâ—d and his Speech to the Parliament The Parliament gives him a great deal of Money The Earl of Argyle's Declaration Argyle taken and beheaded K. James his Practices against the Duke of Monmouth D. of Monmouth lands in England His Declaration The P. of Orange's Offers to King James rejected The D. of Monmouth's Letter to K. James Monmouth Beheaded The cruel Executions in the Wâ—st Mr. Cornish Try'd Mr. Cornish Executed K. James's Proceedings in respect to Ireland Talbot's Villany K. James's Speech to his Parliament The Lords Voted Thanks for the Speech The Commons debated it and addrest the King to turn our the Popish Officers Parliament dissolved Neuheusel Besieged by the Imperialists The Turks Besiege Gran. The Battel of Gran. Vicegrade taken by the Turks Neuheusel taken by Storm The Serasquier's Letter to the D. of Lorain Esperies besieged by General Schultz Surrendred The Siege and Battel of Coron Coron taken Dr. Hough chosen President of Magdalen Collede The Fellows of Magdalen College turn'd out Dangerfield Sentenced and kill'd Mr. Johnson's Sentence K. James's Letter to the Scotch Parliament Buda besieged The Battel of Buda The Siege continued Buda stormed Buda taken Five Churches besieg'd Surrender'd The besieging and taking of Syclos Darda abandon'd by the Turks The Pr. of Baden burns the Bridge of Esseck Segedin besieg'd The Battel of Scinta Segedin surrender'd to the Imperialists Chialafa besieged by the Turks The Turks beaten and raise the Siege Old Navarino besieged and taken New Navarino besieged New Navarino surrender'd Modon besieged by the Venetians Surrendred Napoli di Romania besieged The Turks defeated Napoli di Romania taken Sign besieged Sign taken The King of Poland invades Moldavia The Hospodar's Message to him and his Answer The King of Poland routs the Turks and Tartars A Proclamation for a Toleration of Religion in Scotland Tyrconnel made Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland and other Proceedings there The Duke of Lorrain towards 〈◊〉 The Battel of Mohatz Transilvania revolts Butschin besieged by the Imperialists Esseck abandoned by the Turks Transylvania reduced by the Imperialists Arch-Duke Joseph crowned K. of Hungary Agria surrender'd to the Imperialists The Revolution of the Turkish Empire ended with the Deposing of Mabomet IV. and advancing his Brother Solyman to the Throne Sign besieged by the Turks and relieved by the Venetians Castlenovo besieged by the Venetians The Turks routed by the Venetians The Turks abandon Patrass Lepanto c. Corinth abandoned by the Turks and several other Places Atâ—ens quitted to the â—enetians 〈…〉 K. James his Declaration of Indulgence commanded to be Read in Churches The Bishops Petition The King's Answer The Bishops sent to the Tower Tryed and Acquitted Alba Regalis surrendred to the Germans Lippa besieged and taken by the Imperialists Illock and Peter-Waradin deserted by the Turks Belgrade besieged by the Imperialists Belgrade taken by Storm The Battel of Brod. The Affairs of Venice and Poland The Bishop of Bath VVells ☞ ☜ The Prince of Orange lands in England P. George's Letter to the King The Princess Ann's Letter to the Queen â—ivers â—â—aces seized for the Use of the Prince of Orange The P. of O's Third Declaration K. J's Proposals to the Pr. of Orange The Prince's Answer K. J's Letter to the E. of Fevâ— rsham The E. of Feversham's Letter to the Pr. of Orange P. of Or. his Declaration The P. of 〈◊〉 Message to the King K. James's Reasons for withdrawing himself The English Declaration of Right P. and P. of Orange proclaimed K. and Q. or England The Scot. Declarat of Right P. and P. proclaimed in Scotland K. and Q. take the Scotch Oath Dundee slain Tyrconnel sent for K. James to Ireland The Emperor's Letter to the late K. James The late K. James lands in Ireland Protestants disarm'd in Ireland The Irish routed by the Iniskillingers and Mackarty made a Prisoner D. Schomberg lands in Ireland Carrigfergus bâ—sieged Carrigfergus surrendred D. Schomberg marched towards Dundaâ—k A Conspiracy discovered among the French in the English Army The Iniskilliners defeat the Irish near Sligo The Irish take Sligo The English at Dundalk die â—pace Keyserwaert besieged by the Duke of Brandenburg â—eiserwater surrendred Mentz besieged by the Confederates Mentz surrendred The French burning and ravaging the Palatinate Bonne besieged by the Elector of Brandenburg Bonne besieged Bonne surrendred to the Confederates Prince Lewis of Baden made General in Hungary The Battel of Patochin French make Peace with the Algerines Baden routs the Tarks near Nissa Nissa taken by the Imperialists Widin surrendred to the Imperiaâ—iâ—ts The Turkish Embassadors press for a Peace Napoli di Malvasia blockaded bâ— the Venetians The Vâ—udois pâ—rsecution at an end The death of Innocent XI Laws made agaiâ—st Popish Succesâ—ors