to Henry Bishop of Lincoln William Earl of Salisbury and William Earl of Huntington who were sent into Flanders and before the Month of May was ended 2 Rot. Aleman 11 Ed. III. M 9 10 11. A. D. 1537. What Men they were to find and what their Wages and Stipends they contracted with several Noblemen and others in Haynault Guelderland and Juliers to assist the King against France together with what Number of Men every of them were to find to serve the King and the Wages and Stipends or as now called Pay they were to receive for so doing In a very short time after 3 Ibm. 4 German Princes enter into Alliance with K. Edw. Reginald the Second Earl of Gueldres and Zutphen who Married Eleonora the King's Sister and William Marquess of Gulick came into the Alliance as also 4 Ibm. Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Lewis the Emperor 5 Ibm. entred into a Confederacy with King Edward by which they obliged themselves and Heirs to Assist each other with all their Power to recover their Inheritances and Possessions Lewis the Emperor joins with him John Duke of Lorrain c. with-held from them by Philip of Valois About the same time 6 Ibm. M 8. And many petty Earls Lords retained to serve him John Duke of Lorrain Brabant and Lemburgh was retained for King Edward and many petty Earls and Lords In the same Year the 11th of Edward III. several of the same Confederacies are entred upon the 7 M. 1. 6. 11. The Wages of Retainers better than 18 d. a day A Man at Arms better than 18 d. a day Scots Roll where in some of them the Wages was expressed which was allowed by the King to his Retainers for every Man at Arms they brought into his Service by the Month viz. 15 Florens of Florence which was 45 s. Sterlin better than Eighteen pence a Day great Wages at that time The Allies and Confederacies on the French side were the 8 Du Chesue f. 646. C. The King of France his Confederates Bishop of Liege John King of Bohemia and Earl of Luxemburgh Henry Count Palatine of the Rhine Aubert Bishop of Metz Otho Duke of Austria Theodore Marquess of Montferrat Ame Earl of Geneva Gefrey Earl of Linanges Waleran Earl of Deux-Ponts Henry Earl of Vandemont John Earl of Sarbruck Imbert Bastard of Savoy and many other Lords and Captains of Almain Spain Franch-County Dauphine Savoy and other Countries the Scots and Duke of Lorrain Having made these Alliances against France King Edward before any Acts of Hostility 9 Rot. Alman 11 Ed. III. n. 13. A. D. 133â— Commissioners sent by K. Edw. to K. Ph. to treat about the Right of the Crown of France and to which of them it belonged constituted the Bishop of Lincoln the Earls of Salisbury and Suffolk and John Darcy his Agents by Commission Dated October 7. to Treat cum Magnifico Domine Principe Domino Philippo Rege Franciae Illustri with the Magnificent Prince Philip the Illustrious King of France or his Commissioners concerning the Right of that Crown and to which of them it belonged And by another 1 Ibm. They were also by another Commission impowered to treat about Aquitan c. and also a happy Peace Commission the same Persons were impowered to Treat upon all Controversies and Demands whatsoever relating to the Dukedom of Aquitan or other Parts beyond Sea and also of a happy and perpetual Peace Yet the same Day considering the famous Kingdom of France was lawfully devolved to him by Right of Succession and that he had claimed that Kingdom as his Inheritance he 2 Appen n. 85 B. A Commission to the Duke of Lorrain and Brabant to be Viceroy of France made John Duke of Brabant and Lorrain his Lieutenant Captain and Vicar-General there granting and committing to him meer Empire the Power of the Sword and all Jurisdiction high and low the Conusance and Decision of all Questions or Cases as well Criminal as Civil with Power to appoint Judges and Ministers as he pleased for the good Government of the Kingdom according to the Laws thereof The same Commissions were 3 Ibm. The same Commission to others granted and made to William Marquiss of Juliers William Earl of Henault and William Earl of Northampton to each of them severally the Words King of England and France and King of France and England being transpised that is sometimes England was put before France in these Commissions and sometimes France before England These Commissions so made he directed his 4 Ibm. He sent his Writ to all the great Persons of France and others to obey his Viceroys Writs of the same Date to the Arch-Bishops Bishops Dukes Marquisses Earls Barons and all other Persons in the Kingdom of France whatsoever commanding them willingly and freely to receive the said Duke and obey him in all things as if he were present himself letting them know That to the Obedient he would be very kind and to the Stubborn very severe The same Commands were directed to them in the Names of The same Commands were to obey others Marquiss of Juliers the Earls of Hanault and Northampton particularly and severally with the same transposition of Words King of England and France What were the Effects of these Commissions of Treaty and Lieutenancy I find not The Pope taking notice of these things to prevent the War between The Pope mediates a Peace between the two Kings the Two Nations sent to both Kings Peter Priest-Cardinal of St. Praxed and Bertrand Deacon-Cardinal of St. Mary in Aquizo if it might be to take up and end all Controversies between them 5 Rot. Fran. 11 Ed. III. M. 2. Dors Upon their Application to King Edward a Truce in hopes of a Peace to follow was obtained until the morrow after Candlemas in the 12th of his Reign It was thence continued 6 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. M. 36. to the first of March and from that time to 7 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. M. 36. Midsummer following if the King of France would agree to it But he not complying with the Terms of the last Continuation of the Truce King Edward was advised to declare it null which was done on the 8 Ibm. M. 16 6th of May and further to pass beyond Sea to confer with his Allies in prosecution of his Design against France He took the Advice and went to Antwerp But before he went the Cardinals prevailed with him to direct a 9 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. Part 1. M. 5. A. D. 1338. Commission Dated June 21. to John Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Bishop of Durham Robert de Vfford Earl of Suffolk Sir Geofry le Scrop Kt. and Mr. John Vfford Arch-Deacon of Ely with full Power to treat and conclude all things in variance between them in order to a full and final Peace And by another
do the same The day of the Date and Month of this And promiseth his utmost Assistance Bull are not legible but the year is being the Fourth of his Pontificate which was the 19th of Edward III. Yet this he thought not sufficient to make his Case known to the World but first declaring his Title to the Crown of France the same as when he first claimed it he drew up what he had wrote King Edward again declares his Title to France to the Pope into a Manifesto and publisht it with this Title 9 Rex omnibus ad quod praesentes hae literae pervenerint salutem c. The King to all Men to whom these Letters or this Manifesto 9 Avesbury p. 103. a. c. 48. And put forth a Manifesto or Declaration shall come Greeting c. Which were dated at Westminster the 14th of June in the 19th year of his Reign over England and over France the Sixth Datae 1 Ib. p. 104. b. apud Westmonasterium 14 die Junii Anno Regni nostri Angliae decimo nono regni vero Franciae sexto About Michaelmas following 2 Ib. Du Chesne f. 661 662. He sends an Army into Gascony and takes 47 Towns great and small King Edward sent Henry Earl of Derby Son of Henry Earl of Lancaster with the Earl of Pembroke and Sir Walter Manny into Gascony with a considerable Force where he took the strong Town Bruggerac at the first assault and forty six other Towns great and small which Philip de Valois had injuriously taken and detained from the King of England the last of which was the Town and Castle of Auberoche After which the Earl of Derby with the Earl of Pembroke and Sir Walter Manny retired to Burdeaux upon notice whereof the Earl of Laille King Philip's Lieutenant in Gascogne brought together a great Force and besieged Auberoche To the Relief whereof the Earl of Derby coming he obtained a great Victory and took many Noblemen and great Officers After Easter 3 Avesbury p. 105. a. c. 50. Du Chesne f. 663. D. A. â— 1346. 20 E. III. next year John Duke of Normandy Son and Heir to Philip of Valois besieged the Town of Agâ—illon in Guien in which was a strong Garrison placed by the Earl of Derby and well provided For the relieving of this place and to reinforce King Edward the Prince of Wales and many Noblemen the Earl of Derby King Edward raised an Army and in Person with the Prince of Wales then Seventeen years of Age and many of the Nobility intended to pass into Guien but the Wind being cross and the Weather stormy he was persuaded 4 Ib. Du Chesne Aves by Geoffrey of Harcourt an Outlaw and Exile of France Lord of St. Saviours the Viscount in Constantin in Normandy and one of Land with an Army in Normandy his Marshals to land in Normandy and he did so on the 12th of July being Thursday land at La Hogue What he did after his landing and in his march toward Caen and of his taking of that City and other things Avesbury 5 Ib. p. 105. a. c. 51. hath delivered in a Transcript of the Journal of Michael de Northburg an able Clerk and one of King Edward's Counsellors who went and was with him all the while Where he landed 6 Ibm. What he did there after his Landing for the unshipping of his Horse and refreshing of himself and Army and baking of Bread he stay'd six days While he stayed there a Party went off to Barfleur and burnt the Ships in that Harbour Eight of which had Castles before and behind des queux huit avoient chastiel devant decere After the Party left the Town the Mariners burnt it The first of the King's March was to Valoignes where he stay'd only one night and found sufficient Refreshment From thence he marched to Carenten where were found plenty of Wine and Victuals Much of this Town was burnt notwithstanding the King did what he could to preserve it From hence he marched to St. Lo where the People with some Soldiers seemed to make resistance in this place he found a thousand Tun of Wine besides great store of other Goods Next night he lodged in an Abby and his Army was quartered about him in Field Villages son host as villes champestres entour luy which in Parties made inroads into the Country robbing and destroying five or six miles about every day and burning Towns in many places chivacherent les gentz del host robbantz destruantz cinque od sis lieus environ toutz les jours arderent en plusors lieus Three or four days after his removal from this Abby he came before Caen in which were the Constable of France and the Chamberlain of Tanquerville with a great Force for its defence The King took it by assault with a great slaughter of Knights Esquires and other People and made Prisoners the Constable and Chamberlain with 500 Knights and Six or sevenscore Squires In the Town were found Wine Victuals and other Goods and Chattels without number furent troue en la ville vines victualles autres biens chatieux santz nombre When the King removed from Hoges 7 Ib. in the same Journal Qu. whether not Rothness How he burnt and destroyed the Country there were about 200 Ships stay'd there which sailed to Rothmasse and went on Shore and burnt the Country two or three Leagues lieues within the Land and took much Goods and brought them to their Ships From whence they went to Cherburg a good Town where was a strong Castle and noble Abby all which were burnt as were all things and Towns upon the Sea Coasts from Rothmasse to Hostrem upon the Haven of Caen about Sixscore English miles There were then also burnt Sixty one Ships of War with fore-Castle and hind-Castle ount ars 61 niets de guerre od chastel devant derere with 23 Cayers and other small Vessels of about 30 Tuns From Caen he marched to Poissy upon 8 Avesb. p. 100. c. 54. the River Seyn where he repaired the Bridge that was broken down and passed the River on the morrow of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary or 16th of August after he had defeated several great and strong Parties who came to hinder his passage and killed many of them The Bridges were every where broken down and guarded to hinder his passage so that he could not march very fast and therefore he had time to plunder and ravage the Country to burn most of the good Towns and Villages he past thro or came near as may be seen in Froissard 9 L. 1. c. 122 123 124 125 126. and Du Chesne 1 F. 664 665. At length he came to the River Soam in Ponthieu and Picardy which he passed at a Ford called Blanchtaque between Abbeville and the Sea 2 Avesb. p. 109. a. c. 54. The Battel of
Cressy where was placed an Army to oppose him which he routed killed 2000 and took a great number of Knights and Esquires the rest fled to Abbeville From hence King Edward marched leisurely toward 3 Ibm. Cressy in Ponthieu his Army burning and harassing the Country where the King of France joined Battel with him on Saturday the 26th of August 4 Walsingh f. 166. n. 30. The Victory was obtained by the English There were slain on the French side 5 Avesb. ut supra What Great Men were slain the King of Bohemia the Duke of Lorrain the Earls of Alanson Flanders Lewis of Blois the Earl of Harecourt Geoffry of Harecourt's Elder Brother and his Two Sons the Earls of Albemarl and Savoy the Archbishop of Nismes and Bishop of Sens six German Earls and many other Earls Barons and Lords The 6 Froiss l. 1. c. 130. English Army was ranged in Three Battles the Prince of Wales headed the first the Earl of Northampton the second and the King himself the third 7 Ibm. The King of France fled only with five Barons Sir John of Haynault who had left King Edward's Service Sir Charles of Montmorancy the Lord of Beaujew the Lord Daubery and the Lord Montfort to Bray Castle and so to Amiens On Sunday morning came several 8 Ib. c. 31. The number of the slain Reinforcements and great Bodies of Frenchmen to their King's Army as they thought not knowing what had been done who were all routed many taken and great numbers stain That day in the afternoon King Edward sent to have the dead viewed and numbred 9 Ib. c. 32. In that Battel by Two Barons and Three Heralds At their return to the King they gave him an account of Eleven great Princes Fourscore Banners 't is Froissard's Word Twelve hundred Knights and more than Thirty thousand Ordinary Men. From Cressy the King marched to 1 Avesb. f. 109. b. c. 55. A Parlement called Calais and laid Siege to it on the Third of September Upon his last passage into France 2 Rot. Parl. 20 E. III. n. 6. the King and Lords that accompanied him and also the Great Men of his Counsel that were in England agreed and ordered there should be a Parliament summon'd to meet at Westminster on the Munday next after the Nativity of the Virgin Mary 3 Ibm. The King sâ—nds to inform the Parlement of his success and progress in France To this Parliament the King sent from the Siege of Calais Bartholomew Burghersse John Darcy his Chamberlain Mr. John de Thoresby Keeper of his Privy Seal and John de Carleton to inform them of the State of his Affairs and to propound and declare some things to them in that Parliament that concerned the Honour of God and the Church the Defence and Quiet of the Kingdom of England and his War in France and also other things that were to be done These Letters of Credence or this Commission 4 was dated before Calais on the 4 Ibm. 7th of September and directed to the Arch-Bishops Bishops Abbots Priors Earls Barons and other his faithful Subjects in Parliament aliis fidelibus suis in Parliamento suo c. which when read Bartholomew Burgersse for himself and Companions pur lui pur ses compaignons in presence of the Guardian of England Leonell the King's Son the Prelates and other Great Men there named 5 Ib. n. 7. shewed the Graces God had given to the King to the Great Men and others with him after their landing at La Hogue monstra les graces que Dieu avoit donez a nostre Sir le Roi c. by a short Account of his Progress and Success in Normandy the Battle of Cressy and his besieging of Calais from whence he resolved not to depart until he had taken the Town and that then he would draw toward his Adversary pursue his Quarrel and not return into England until he had ended the War beyond Sea with the help of God 6 Ibm. And to desire an Aid For the accomplishment of which things the said Messengers a queu chose pour faire les ditz messages prierent c. prayed the Prelats Great Men and Commons that they would Treat and Advise about an Aid and Means to perfect that which had been so graciously begun for that by common assent in Parliament at the time when the King 7 Ibm. undertook this War they all promised that they would assist him with their Bodies and Goods to their power touz lui promistrent qils lui eideroient de corps d'avoir a lour poair At the same time they produced an Ordinance 8 Ibm. The Ordinance of Normandy produced in Parlement or Agreement made by the King's Adversary and some Great Men of France and Normandy to destroy the whole Nation of England and the English Language And to put this Design in Execution the Earl of Eu then Constable of France and the Chamberlain of Tankerville were to raise a great Army for that purpose but as it pleased God they were both taken at Caen and many of their Men there killed and taken so as the intended destruction of the English was defeated This Ordinance is 9 Ib. n. 8. enter'd upon the Parliament Roll and there in the Todding called L'Ordinance de Normandie The Ordinance of Normandy 'T is pretty long but the most Material things were That the King of France his Eldest Son John Duke What it was of Normandy as General with the Nobles and others of that Dukedom should pass into England with Four thousand Men at The design to invade and conquer England Arms Knights Esquires and Men of good Estate and Forty thousand Foot And if this Invasion could not be made that year then it was to be the next year and so in any other year at a convenient time during the War Or if this Invasion should not be made the Country of Normandy was to serve him with the same number of Men at Arms and Twenty thousand Foot in any other place where the King Duke or either of them should be in Person It was 1 Ibm. How England was to be divided in case of Conquest also agreed That if by God's assistance England were Conquered the Conquest should be made in the Name and Honour of the Duke and that all that the King of England enjoy'd should be his as King and Lord with all his Rights and Honours And what the Nobles Barons and other Seculars possessed was to be enjoy'd by the Church Barons Nobles and Noble Towns of Normandy que les Nobles les Barouns autres Seculars y on t serra demorra as Esglises as Barouns Nobles as Noble villes de Normandie That the Pope and Church of Rome should safely enjoy what they had without diminution and that whatever had been taken from the Scots by War or otherwise should be restored fully and entirely without delay
permit him and to Bertrand himself to come into France and to enter into his Service who made all the haste he could and came and joined the Duke of Anjou at Tholouse About the same time the 8 Ib. c. 279. The Duke of Lancaster arrived at Burdeaux with more Forces from England Duke of Lancaster arrived at Burdeaux with more Forces from England who marched forthwith to the Princes Rendezvous at Cognac where he met with the Earls of Cambridge and Pembroke who all joining with the Forces of Xantong and Poictou which the Prince had Summoned in made a great Body of Men. In the mean time 9 Ib. c. 280. Limoges delivered to the French the Duke of Berry lay before Limoges who being reinforced with Forces sent under the Conduct of Bertrand de Guesclin caused the City to Treat and was soon delivered by the Bishop and Citizens into the hands of the French to whose King they gave their Faith and Homage While these things happened in Aquitan the Command of the 1 Ib. c. 280. Mezer. f. 390. The English harass and burn the Countries about Paris Army about Picardy was given to Sir Robert Knolls which terrified the Country as far as the Loir it harassed Vermandois Champaign la Brie and the Isle of France burnt all round Paris yet nothing could move the King of France to send out of Paris any Force against them The Prince much inraged with 2 Froysard c. 283. The Prince inraged with Limoges takes it by Storm puts to the Sword 3000 Men Women and Children Burns and destroys the Town Limoges for rendring as it did was resolved to execute his Revenge upon it set his Miners to work to undermine the Wall which they did in the space of a month so as a great part of it fell into the Ditches when the Town was taken by Storm and more than Three thousand Men Women and Children of the Inhabitants put to the Sword the Town burnt and destroyed by the Prince's Command The Bishop likewise should have had his Head strucken off had not the Duke of Lancaster begged him of the Prince and the Pope by sweet Words and kind Intreaty prevailed with the Duke to send him to Avignon 3 Ib. c. 280. The weak Condition of the Prince 4 Ib. c. 287. His return to England The Prince at this time was carried in a Horse Litter being so weak he could not ride This was the last Warlike Athievement of the Prince being 4 advised by his Physicians and Chirurgeons to return into England for his Health's sake He took their Advice and with his Princess his young Son Richard the Earls of Cambridge and Pembroke came for England leaving the 5 Ibm. A. D. 1370. Affairs of Aquitan to the Management of his Brother John Duke of Lancaster By this time 6 Du Chesne f. 707. B. Bertrand de Guesclin had Baffled the Army of Sir Robert Knolls that had Braved all France and recovered from the English many Towns and Fortresses for which Services he was Bertrand de Guesclin made Constable of France made Constable of France on the Second of October In the latter end of the 44th year of Edward the Third on the 8th of January he 7 Rot. Claus 44 Ed. III. M. 1. Dors issued Summons for a Parlement to meet on Monday in the first week of Lent being the Feast of St. Matthias or 24th of February in the 45th of his Reign on A Parlement summoned which day the King Prelates Great Men and Commons Grantz Coes assembled in the Painted Chamber 8 Rot. Parl. 45 Ed. III. n. 1. The Cause of Summons and the Bishop of Winchester then Chancellor declared the cause of Summons to be That by their assent last Parliament the King did retake upon him the Name of King of France because his Adversary had broke the Peace and used the Resort which by that belonged to him for which cause and others he had been at great Expences and sent some Great Men and others to a great number to recover and conquer his Right par son droit avoir conquere and that the King had received News from his Friends and Allies That his Adversary had made himself stronger then he had done before que son adversair se fait plus fort quil nad fait devant and directed so great a number of People to be brought together as seemed to him were able this year to put him out of possession of all his Lands and Countreys beyond Sea as well in Gascoign as at Calais Guines Pontheu and other Places and further That he had such a Fleet ready as seemed sufficient to destroy the whole English Navy a destruire toute la Navy Dengleterre and also That he prepared to send over a great Army into this Land to destroy conquer and subject it to his Power Wherefore the King required and charged the Great Men and Commons par quoi le Roi requert charge les Grantz Coes That they would Advise about these Points and Counsel him how the Kingdom might be safely guarded the Navy preserved from the Malice of his Enemies how his Lands beyond Sea should be kept the War there maintained and the Conquest of them carried on Upon these 9 Ib. n. 8. Causes thus propounded and many ways of Ayd Touched Treated of and Debated between the Great Men and Commons plusours voies de eide touchez tretez parlez debatuz per entre les Grantz Comunes in consideration of the great Costs and Charges the King was to be at for the Causes abovesaid the same Great Men and Commons mesmes les Grantz A Subsidy of 50000 l. granted to be levied ratably upon every Parish Comunes on the 28th day of March granted a Subsidy of 50000 l. to be levied of every Parish of the Land 22 s. 3 d. so as every Parish of greater value should contribute ratably to those of less value But at the Great Council holden at 1 Ib. n. 6. A great Council at Winchester The number of Parishes could not answer 50000 l. as it was to be levied upon them and therefore they were Taxed higher Winchester Eight days after Trinity Sunday the Chancellor shew the Great Men and Commons there assembled fust monstre par le Chancellor as Grantz Comunes illoeques assemblez That the number of Parishes in England would not answer the Sum of 50000 l. as might appear by the Certificates of all the Arch-Bishops Bishops and Sheriffs made and returned into Chancery by the King's Warrant 2 Ib. n. 10 â—1 Note That the Transactions of this Council and the precedent Parlement are entered in the same Roll and the numbers continued as if it were one and the same Assembly Which Certificates being Examined sur se plusors tretes parlances eues and many Treaties and Conferences had upon the Matter at last in full accomplishment of the Sum of
Person of the Kingdom Males and Females above the Age of Fourteen Years except very Beggers and desire to be excused they could give no greater Subsidy The Issue of Edward III. by Philippa of Haynalt HIS Eldest Son was Edward of Woodstock so called because born 1 Wals Hist f. 130. n. 40. Hypod. Neustr f. 510. n. 50. there June 15. 1329. or 1330. He was Prince of Wales and Married Joan Countess of Kent called for her great Beauty The Fair Maid of Kent She was Daughter to Edmond of Woodstock sixth Son of Edward I. but second by his Queen Margaret Sister to Edmond Son of Edmond of Woodstock and Sister and Heir to his Brother John who both died without Issue 2 Sandf Geneal Hist f. 184 215. She was first Married after the 25th Year of her Age and 26th of Edward III. to Sir Thomas Holland Knight of the Garter and in her Right made Earl of Kent by whom she had Issue two Sons Thomas Earl of Kent and John Duke of Excester He died Decemb. 26. in the 34th of Edward III. 1360. And her Second Husband was William Montague Earl of Salisbury from whom she was in a short time Divorced by Consent With this Lady the Prince fell in Love and was Married to her in the 31st Year of his Age and 35th of his Father's Reign 1361. By 3 Wals f. 180. n. 30. A. D. 1365. her he had first Edward of Engolesm so called because there born who died in the 7th Year of his Age. His second Son by her was Richard of 4 Ibm. f. 181. lin 5. A. D. 1366. Burdeaux so also called because born there succeeded his Father as Prince of Wales and his Grandfather in the Kingdom by the Name of Richard II. William of 5 Hypod. Neustr f. 512. n. 30. Hatfield Second Son of Edward III. born there 1336. in the 10th of his Father's Reign who died very young The Third Son of King Edward and Queen Philip 6 Ibm. f. 513. n. 30. was Livnell born at Antwerp Created Duke of Clarence and Married to Elizabeth de Burgh Daughter and Heir of 7 Sandf ut supra f. 219. 222. William de Burgh Earl of Vlster Lord of Clare Canaught and Trim by whom he had only one Daughter named 8 Ibm. Philippa She was by her Grandfather after the Death of her Father at the Age of 13 Years Married to Edmond Mortimer Earl of March and Lord of Wigmore in the 42d of Edward III. 1368. by whom she had Roger Mortimer their Eldest Son and Heir to both their Honours and Titles who left 9 Ibm. f. 225. Edmond Mortimer his Son and Heir Earl of March and Vlster Lord of Wigmore Clare Trim and Canaught and True Heir to the Crown of England after the Death of King Richard II. He died without 1 Rot. Parl. 39 Hen. VI. n. 18. Issue as also his Brother Roger and Sister Alianor leaving Anne their Sister sole Heiress to her Father Roger Mortimer and Brother to Edmond The Fourth Son of 2 Wals f. 148. n. 10. Edward III. and and his Queen Philip was John of Gaunt born there He was first Earl of Richmond and afterwards Duke of Lancaster He Married Blanch the Daughter and Coheir of Henry Duke of Lancaster with Maud her Sister by whom he had his only Son and Child Henry Earl of Derby Duke of Hereford and Lancaster called Henry IV. King of England After the Death of Maud without Issue he in Right of Blanch enjoyed all the vast Estate of her Father Henry Duke of Lancaster with his Titles and was then in the 36th of Edward III. advanced to the Title of Duke of Lancaster c. Dugd. Baron Tome II. Fol. 115. Col. 1. The Fifth Son of King Edward and Queen Philip was 3 Hypod. Neustr f. 514. n. 50. Edmond of Langley a Mannor near St. Albans in Hertfordshire where he was born by his Father made Earl of 4 Sandf ut supra f. 357. Cambridge and by King Richard II. 6 Ib. f. 358. was Created Duke of York He Married 7 Ib. f. 360. Isabel younger Daughter and Coheir of Peter King of Castile by whom he had Edward his Eldest Son who died 8 Ib. f. 365. without Issue He had also by her Richard Earl of Cambridge called of Coningsburgh a Town of that Name in Yorkshire 9 Brooks Catalogue of Hon. He Married Anne Mortimer above-mentioned by whom he had Richard Duke of York and Earl of Cambridge 1 Ibm. who Married Cecilie Nevil the youngest Daughter of Ralph Earl of Westmerland by whom he had Henry his Eldest Son who died young and Edward his second Son Duke of York and afterward King of England by the Name of Edward IV. William of 2 Sandf ut supra 178. Windsor a second of that Name William was their Sixth Son who died so young as there is nothing memorable left of him The Seventh and Youngest Son of Edward III. and Queen Philip was 3 Ibm. f. 227. Thomas of Woodstock there born Duke of Gloucester He Married Elianor the Eldest of the two Daughters and Heiress of Humphry de Bohun Earl of Hereford c. The Eldest Daughter of King Edward and Queen Philip was 4 Ibm. Isabel Lady Coucy and Dutchess of Bedford Married to Ingelram Lord of Coucy and Earl of Soyssons who by her Father was Created Earl or Duke of Bedford Their Second Daughter 5 Ib. f. 179. Joan had the Title of Queen of Spain she was by Proxy Married to Alphonso King of Castile and Leon and conveyed into that Country and not long after died of the Plague Their Third Daughter 6 Ibm. was Blanch de la Tour so named because born in the Tower of London she died an Infant Mary their Fourth Daughter 7 Ib. Hypod. Neustr f. 516. lin 9. Dutchess of Britan was Wife of John Montfort Duke of Britain in France Margaret their Fifth and 8 Sandf ut supra Youngest Daughter was Wife to John Hastings Earl of Pembroke A CONTINUATION of the Compleat History of England c. King RICHARD the Second KING Edward the Third 1 Rot. Clause 1 Ric. II. M. 45. A. D. 1377. died June 21st Anno Domini 1377 and this young King his Grandchild succeeded him in the Eleventh year of his Age when it King Richards Coronation was agreed he should be Crowned on the 16th of July following John King of Castile and Leon Duke of Lancaster came before King Richard and his Council and claimed as Earl 2 Ibm. Three Offices claimed by the Duke of Lancaster of Leicester the Office of Steward of England as Duke of Lancaster to carry the King 's principal Sword called Curtana on the day of his Coronation and as Earl of Lincoln to be the King's Carver the same day all these Offices he pretended to have in Right of his Wife Blanch then dead and
vol. 1. f. 18. The Queen at Hereford a Month. Vigil of Simon and Jude or the 27th of October Then the Queen went into the Marches of Wales and staid at * Ib. f. 600. The Queen goes with her Army into the Marches of Wales to find out the King and takes him with H. Despenser the Younger and others Hereford a Month from whence she sent Henry Earl of Lancaster and Rhese ap Howel a Clerc and Welsh-man who knew those Parts well with part of her Army to find out the King and by Money corrupted the Welsh-men so as they discovered him to be in the Abby aforesaid where he was taken with Hugh Despenser the Younger Robert Baldock and Simon de Reding 2 Ibm. who were committed to the Custody of the Earl by the Advice of the Bishop of Hereford Before it was known where the King was it was supposed he had left 3 Append n. 70. It was supposed the King was out of England England and 4 quitted the Government whereupon on the 26th Day of October at Bristol the Arch-Bishop of Dublin the Bishops of Winchester Ely Lincoln Hereford Norwich and other Prelates and Thomas Earl of Norfolk Edmund Earl of Kent the King's Brothers Henry Earl of Lancaster and Leicester Thomas Wake Henry de Bello Monte or Beaumont William la Zouche de Ashby Robert de Monte alto or Montalt Robert de Morle Robert de Wattevile and other Barons and Knights in the Presence of the Queen and the Duke of Aquitan her Son by the Consent of the whole Community of England being then present unanimously chose the same Duke to be Guardian of the Kingdom so as the The Prince or Duke of â— Aquitan made Guardian of the Kingdom said Duke and Guardian should Govern the Kingdom in the Name and Right of the King his Father in his absence And he took the Government of the Kingdom upon him accordingly and passed all Matters under his Privy Seal not having any other Afterwards on the 20th of November when the Queen 's and Duke's Enemies were taken and the King was returned into his Kingdom the Queen Duke Prelates and Noblemen aforesaid with the Assent of the Community aforesaid then being at Hereford by reason that the Power of the Guardian ceased by the King 's coming into his Kingdom sent the Bishop of Hereford to The Great Seal sent to the Queen and her Son the King then at Monmouth to beseech him to Command That all things that might tend to the Peace of the Kingdom might be Sealed with the Great Seal then with him This was done in the presence of the Earl of Lancaster c. and the King was prevailed on to send the Seal to his Wife and Son to 5 Ibm. 6 Wals f. 125. n 30 40. The King carried to Kenelworth-Castle The Earl of Arundel and 2. others Heads struck off at Hereford Seal what they would with it Whilst the Earl of Lancaster was carrying the King through Wales 6 by Monmouth Lidbury and other Places to his Castle of Kenelworth in Warwickshire they sent Hugh Spenser the Son Robert Baldock and Simon Reding to the Queen at Hereford Before their coming the Earl of Arundel John Daniel and Thomas Micheldene had their Heads struck off by the Procurement and Hatred of Roger Mortimer who 7 Ibm. n 40 50. Mortimer the Queen 's most familiar Counsellor was at this time the Queen's most familiar Counsellor Consiliarius Reginae familiarissimus without whom the Queen did nothing 8 Ibm. n. 40 50. Those that brought Hugh Spenser for their Reward had Two thousand Pounds as she had promised And 9 Ibm. H. Despenser the Son drawn hanged and quartered soon after he was adjudged to Death without being put to answer sine Responsione and was Drawn and Hanged upon a Gallows 50 Foot high and then Quartered and his Head fixed upon London-Bridge 1 Ib f. 126. lin 3. Simon Reding drawn and hanged On the same Day Simon Reding was Drawn and Hanged for speaking hard things of the Queen Yet Knighton 2 Col. 2547. n. 10 20 c. Knighton's Relation of the Judgment of H. Despenser the Son reports Hugh Spenser the Younger was Arraigned before Sir William Trussel a Justiciary in the Form there mentioned which was by way of a Speech made against him as 't is here contracted Hugh le Despenser 3 Ibm. Sir W. Trussell's Speech against H. Despenser the Son in the Parlement at Westminster in the 15th of the King your Father and you Hugh were awarded Traytors and Enemies of the Realm and Banished as such never to return without the Assent of the King in full Parliament duely summoned Contrary to which Award your Father and you Hugh were found in the Court without Warrant And you Hugh as you returned into the Kingdom feloniously spoiled and robbed Two Domands Merchant-Ships so called of Goods to the Value of Forty thousand Pounds Hugh after this Felony you came to the King and caused him to go with Force against the Peers of the Realm and other his Liege People to destroy and disherit them contrary to the Great Charter And also taking upon you Royal Power you Hugh and your Assistants with Force and Arms robbed feloniously the good People of the Realm and by Andrew Harleye and other Traitors your Adherents Murdered the good Earl of Hereford Monsieur William Sullee and Monsieur Roger de Berfelde at Borough-Bridge and caused to be taken my most Honourable Lord Thomas the Good Earl of Lancaster and caused him to be Judged by a false Record against Law Reason and the Great Charter and also to be Murdered Martyred and put to a cruel Death Also in the same March in the French Journey to Borough-Bridge you caused many of my Lords the Earl of Lancaster Barons and Knights to be Drawn and Hanged by false Record against Law and Reason 4 Col. 2548. n. 10 20 30. and caused other Great Men to be put in Prison and Murdered to get their Estates as Roger Mortimer the Nephew and Vnkle Hugh Audeley Father and Son and the Earl of Hereford Hugh after this Destruction of the Nobility you Hugh your Father and Robert Baldock usurping Royal Power over the King led him and his People into Scotland against his Enemies where you Hugh by your Traiterous Conduct caused him to lose 20000 of his People to his great Dishonour and Damage of the Realm and to return without doing any thing Hugh 5 Ibm. n. 40 50 60. this Treason nor this Tyranny would satisfie you until by Royal Power gained over the King you destroyed the Franchises of Holy Church and the Prelates as the Bishops of Hereford Lincoln and Norwich taking their Goods out of their Churches And whereas you knew God had done great Things by my Lord the Earl of Lancaster you caused to be murdered you placed armed Guards and shut the Church-Doors that none should
Legate endeavours to prevent the Battel Army to the other to prevent them from coming to Blows 2 Froys 8. b. cap. 161. The King of France his Confidence destroyed him Edward offered to pay for all the Damages he had done in his March from Burdeaux to deliver up all his Prisoners and not to bear Arms himself nor any of his Subjects for seven years time against France But K. John believing the Victory secure and certain rejected all his Submissions and blinded with Passion and Anger instead of hemming him in and starving him which could not have failed in three Days time went on headlong with the Courage and Fury of a Lion rather than of a Captain to attack him within his Fastness the * A. D. 1356. 30 Ed. III. 19th of September Nay by the worst Advice in the World he caused all his Horsemen to alight excepting Three hundred select Men who were to begin the Onset and the German Cavalry who had Orders to second them The thickness of the Hedges hindred these Three hundred Horse from breaking in upon them the English-men's bearded Arrows made the Horses mad and turned them upon the Germans who fell into the Avant-Guard and they were totally routed by a Gross of the Enemies who came forth and charged them during their Disorder Of the Four Sons the King had in this Battel Three of them were a little too soon carried out of the Fray by their Governours together with 800 Lances and this gave a fair Pretence of Excuse to all such Cowards as were glad to follow them There was only Philip the Youngest of the Four who obstinately resolved to run the Fortune of his Father and fought by his side The King 's single Valour sustained the Enemy's Charge a considerable time and if one fourth part of his Men had but Seconded him no doubt but he had gained the Victory At length The King of France yields himself His Son Philip and several of the French Nobility made Prisoners he yielded himself up into the hands of John de Morebeque an Artesian Gentleman whom he had banished the Kingdom for some Crime Philip his Son was taken Prisoner with him There were but 6000 French killed in this Fatal Day but of that Number were 800 Gentlemen and amongst those the Duke of Bourbon the Duke d' Athenes Constable the Mareschal de Nesle and above 50 more of good Quality The Young Prince as Courteous as he was Valiant Treated The Prince very kind and civil to the King of France the King as his Lord the same Night he served him at his Table and endeavoured to allay his Grief and Misfortunes by the most obliging and becoming Language he could express The next day fearing this Noble Prey might be snatched from him and withal observing his Soldiers were so laden with Plunder He carries him to Burdeaux with a great number of Prisoners that they were uncapable of further Service he took his March towards Burdeaux and carried away the King and his Son along with him together with a prodigious Number of Prisoners According to 3 F. 79. b. cap. 160. The French in this Battel 4 times more than the English Froysard the Men at Arms only besides others of the French were four times the Number of the whole English Army they being Forty eight thousand divided into three Battels Sixteen thousand in a Battel the English Army not being esteemed above Eight thousand by the Account of Sir Eustace of Ribemont and Two other Lords gave to the King of France having been sent by him to discover their Number In this Battel the Earls of Warwick Suffolk Salisbury Stafford The English Noblemen thatshew most Courage in this Battel Sir James Audeley Sir John Chandos Sir Reginald de Cobham c. behaved themselves very bravely but beyond others the Earl of Warwick Sir James Audeley and Sir John Chandos And as 't is said by Froysard 4 F. 83. a. cap. 164. the Prince of Wales who was Courageous and Cruel as a Lion took that Day great Pleasure to Fight and to chase his Enemies His Courage and Conduct with the Assistance of those about him was in this Battel most certainly very extraordinary and wonderful On the 5th of May next Year the Prince of Wales arrived at A. D. 1357. 31 Ed. III. The King of France brought Prisoner to London Plimouth with his Noble Prisoners the 5 Wals f. 172. n. 40. Knighton col 2615. n. 10 20 c. King of France and his Son where and in his Passage from thence to London he was treated with much Honour and Respect and on the 24th of the same Month had a Publick Entrance made him into that City and was Lodged in the Palace of the Savoy the King Queen and Great Men often making him Visits 6 Holinsâ—ed f. 390. Here he staid until toward the next Spring when he was removed to Windsor-Castle where he and his Son passed the Time in Hawking and Hunting and toward Winter returned to the Savoy Soon after the King of France his 7 Froys â— 1. c. 173. f 86. b. Arrival in England the Pope sent the two Cardinals of Perigord and St. Tital into England to mediate a Peace between the Two Kingdoms but without effect Yet so far they prevailed as to procure a Truce until the Feast of St. John Baptist which was to be in the Year 1359. or A Truce for two years by the Pope's Mediation 33d of Edward III. out of which Philip of Navarre the Countess of Montfort and Dutchy of Britan were excepted Before this by the Mediation of Joan Queen of Scots or as 8 Rot. Scot. 27 Ed. III. M. 2. 't is phrased in the Record Consort to David Brus his Prisoner Sister to King Edward who in the 27th of his Reign had his Leave to come into England to her Husband with moderate Attendance cum moderata Familia and upon the Prayer of David Brus his Prisoner the Prelates Great Men and Commons of Scotland 9 Ibm. 28 Ed. III. M. 4 a la Priere David de Bruys nostre Prisoner des Prelates Grantz Comunes Descoce he granted to Treat with them about his Deliverance And thereupon sent to Newcastle Commissioners appointed to treat about the Deliverance of David Bruce upon Tine the Bishop of Duresme William de Bohun Earl of Northampton and Constable of England Gilbert d'Vmfreyvill Earl of Anegos the Lords de Percy and de Nevill William Baron of Greystock and Henry le Scrop his Commissioners with full Power to Treat with the Bishop of St. Andrews and Brechin Patrick of Dunbar Earl of the March of Scotland the Abbot of Dumfermelin and Master Walter de Moffet Arch-Deacon of Leonesse Commissioners for Scotland Where it was 1 Ibm. Agreed 1. That David should be Ransomed and fet free for Ninety thousand His Ransom 90000 Mercs to be paid in 9 years Mercs of Sterling
of France to make certain Requests King Edward sends to the King of France to make good what was agreed by the Peace of Bretigny to him about the accomplishment and a full effectual Dispatch of the things agreed promised and sworn to upon the Peace made between them and especially that he would cause to be delivered and rendered intirely to him or his Deputies all the Cities Towns Castles Fortresses Lands Countries Isles and Places which he was bound to deliver according to the Peace aforesaid and further to Receive the Letters of him and his Eldest Son which should be sent and delivered at Bruges in Flanders on the Day of St. Andrew next coming as well those of the Renunciations Cessions Releases and Transports as of other things that ought to be performed according to the Peace under their great Seals in Manner and Form agreed between them c. This Commission was Dated on the 15th of November 1361 and * Rot. Franc. 35 Ed. III. M. 3. 35th of Edward the Third but whether the Commissioners went according to the Commission or what was done upon it I have not seen This year there was a great Plague in England which swept away many of the Nobility and Bishops and amongst the rest Henry Duke of Lancaster 7 Dugd. Bar. Vol. 1. f. 789. A great Plague in England on the 24th of March or last day of the year a Person of great Worth in all respects On the 19th of July the year following the Prince of Wales was made 8 Rot. Vascon 36 Ed. III. M. 16. A. D. 1362. The Prince of Wales made Prince of Aquitan Homage and Fealty done to him by the Noblemen He kept his Court at Burdeaux Prince of Aquitan and had all Guien and Gascogne given him during Life the Direct Dominion Superiority and last Resort of those Countreys reserved to his Father Not long after this the Prince his Princess and Family removed into Aquitan where having received the Homages and Fealties of the Noblemen and others he kept his Court at Bourdeaux in great State and Splendor He made Sir John Chandos his Constable of Aquitan and Guischard d'Angle a Native of France but by the Peace of Bretigny a Subject of England his Marshall who continued faithful This year * Walsingh f. 179. n. 10. Pope Innocent dies An Englishman chosen Pope died Pope Innocent the Sixth in August to whom succeeded Gillerin an Englishman and Benedictin Abbat by the Name of Vrban the Fifth who was Consecrated on the First of November King Edward was very kind to Four of the chief of the French Hostages 9 Froys c. 218. f. 113. 6. A. D. 1363. Great Liberty given to four French Hostages The Duke of Anjou made his Escape the Dukes of Orleans Anjou Berry and Burbon who gave them Leave to go over to Calais and stay there for some time and to go about into the Country for 4 days at any time so as they always returned to Calais before Sun-set on the last day of the four The Duke of Anjou upon this Liberty made his Escape the others returned with the King of Cyprus into England Toward the 1 Ibm. c. 219. The King of France comes into England end of this year King John of France came for England and landed at Dover the day before the Eve of Epiphany or 4th of January upon the 2 Mezeray f. 382. News he received of the Escape of his Son the Duke of Anjou to repair his Honour and shew he had no Hand in that Act and to dispose King Edward to the Expedition of the Holy War he having accepted the Command of Generalissimo by the Preaching and Perswasion of His Errand Pope Vrban the Fifth After he had been Nobly Treated here by the King and Nobility 3 Ib. f. 383. A. D. 1364. He falls sick and dies there he fell sick at the Savoy in London about Mid-March and died on the 8th or 9th of April following for whom the King of England made a Magnificent Funeral but his Body was carried into France and interred at St. Denis upon the 7th of May and upon Trinity Sunday next following His Son Charles Crowned King his Eldest Son Charles the Regent of France and Duke of Normandy was Crowned King at Rhemes This year the King held a Parlement 15 days after Michaelmass A Tax granted to the King Rot. Parl. 36 Ed. III. n. 35. wherein * was granted unto him of every Sack of Wooll Transported 20 s. of every 300 Woollfells 20 s. of every Last of Leather 40 s. besides the Ancient Custom Notwithstanding the Peace of Bretigny wherein 4 Mezeray â—ol 384. War in Bretagne between Blois and Montfort were not comprehended the Naverrois and Dukedom of Bretagne the War continued there Charles of Blois having been assisted by the French and John de Montfort by the English After many Skirmishes Sieges and the Battels of Cocherel and Auvray in which last Charles of Blois lost his Life and then by a Treaty at Guerrand a Peace was concluded 5 Ibm. f. 385. A. D. 1364. Froyâ— c. 229. f. 125. a. A Peace between them upon these Terms That Montfort should enjoy the Dutchy upon Condition of doing Homage and Fealty for it to the King of France That the Widow of Charles should enjoy the Title of Dutchess during her Life and in case Montfort died without Heirs the Dutchy to remain to the Heirs of Charles of Bloys About the same time or not long after there was Peace 6 Ibm. f. 125. b. between France and Navarre when many Soldiers and Companions knew not what to do 7 Ibm. A Peace between France and Navarre The Companions waste the Country They refuse to serve against the Turk Froysard says most of the Captains of the Companions who horribly wasted and plundered the Country were Englishmen and Gascons under the Obedience of the King of England and that the King of Hungary wrote to the Pope the King of France and Prince of Wales that those People might be employed in his Service against the Turks who offered them Gold Silver and Passage but they would not quit France which they called their Chamber Yet within a year or two the Pope and King of France found an Opportunity to employ these Companions they so much feared 8 Ib. f. 126. Mâ—zâ—r f. 386. An Expedient to imploy them Alphonso XI King of Castile had by his Wife a Son called Peter and by another Woman had several natural Sons or Bastards the Eldest whereof was was Henry Peter had the Name Peter the Cruel King of Castile an Enemy to the Church Henry the Bastard Legitimated by the Pope made King of Cruel and Wicked from his Actions of the same Denomination and was reputed a great Enemy to the Church whereupon great Complaints were made to the Pope who upon Summons refusing to come to Avignion was by Advice of
not land Having kept the Sea about five weeks and the time limited for Relief or Surrender of the Town being past he returned to England in the beginning of October 2 Ib. c. 306. Poictou Xantogne and Rochelois lost This unhappy Voyage with the Disaster of the Earl of Pembroke lost all Poictou Xantogne and Rochelois On the very day 3 Pat. 46 Ed. III. Part. 2. M. 25. Richard Son to the Prince of Wales made Guardian and Lieutenant of England in his absence he put to Sea he made his Grandchild Richard Son to the Prince of Wales then scarce Seven years old Guardian and his Lieutenant of the Kingdom during his absence appointing him a Council fit for the Management of the Publick Affairs Two days after on the first of September 4 Clause 46 Ed. III. M. 11. Dors Summons of Parlement he issued Writs of Summons for a Parlement to meet 15 days after Michaelmass but before that time King Edward was come into England and by his 5 Ib. M. 10. Dors Which Prorogued by Writ Writs dated at Winchelsea on the 6th of October he prorogued this Parlement to the morrow of All-Souls or 3d of November Sir John Knivet 6 Rot. Parl. 46 Ed. III. 11. 1 2 3. Further Declaration of Summons declared in part the Causes of Summons the Parlement being adjourned until Friday after that Monsieur Hugh Bryan in the White Chamber acquainted 7 Ib. n. 7. The Revenues of Guien not sufficient to support the Government of it c. the Prelates Duke Earls Barons and Banerets les Prelates Dâ—â— Countes Barones and Banerets That the Prince who had the Principality of Guyen by the Grant of the King had often signified to him when there by Letters and Messengers That the Revenues and Profits arising from the Principality did not nor could suffice to maintain him and support the Government and Wars against their French Enemies and other necessary Charges without great assistance from the King and that the Prince having made these things appear to the King and Council when first he came into England had surrendred 8 Ib. n. 8. The Prince resigns it into the King's Hands into the King's Hands the Principality and all he could claim there by virtue of his Grant in the presence of the King's Council and some other Great Men. On the next day being 9 Ib. n. 9. Yet a further Declaration of Summons Saturday Sir Hugh Bryan before the Prince Prelates Dukes Earls Barons and Commons in the White Chamber more especially declared the Causes of Summons That the King by Advice of the Great Men des Grantz had ordered many Great Men plusours des Grantz with sufficient Power some into Gascoigne others to Calais to oppose the Malice of his Enemies and make War upon them by all the ways they could That afterwards for sudden News that came to the King he made ready with all his Power to put to Sea or go to Sea ove tout son poair daler sur la Meer against his Enemies to do what he could against them but by reason of the Wind being contrary and other Causes reasonable par contrariousete de vent autres causes reasonables he came back into England and caused to be summoned and prorogued this Parlement that the Great Men who were with him upon the Sea might be there that by the good Advice and Counsel of them and others and The French make themselves stronger by Sea and Land then ever they had done before also of the Commons anxi une la Coe he might do the best he could for the safety of the Nation and to resist and oppose the Malice of his Enemies who had made themselves much stronger by Land and Sea then ever they were before qui plus safforcent de guerer si bien par terre come par Meer que unques fesoient a devant And then 1 Ibm. beseecheth the Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons on behalf of the King supplia as ditz Prelates Prince Ducs Countes Barons as Coes de par le Roi that they would advise upon this Matter and give such Counsel donner tiel conseil and Ayd to the King as seemed to them best profitable for the Nation and to restrain the Malice of his Enemies Queux 2 Ib. n. 10. These Commons were the Knights of Shires Prelates Prince Ducs Counts Barons Coes eu sur les pointes de lour charge as dependantz dycelles plein deliberation c. which Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons having had full Deliberation upon the Points of their Charge and the Dependences thereon and also considering the great and outrageous Charges and Expence the King was to be at for the Defence of the Nation and Maintaining the War against his Enemies granted him the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Wooll-fells A Subsidy upon Wooll c. for Two years to begin at Michaelmass last past of every Sack of Wooll which passed out of England 43 s. 4 d. of every Twelvescore Woollfells as much of every Last of Leather 4 l. of Denizens besides the old Custom and of Strangers or Forreigners four Marks of every Sack of Wooll as much of every Twelvescore Woollfells and Five Pounds six shillings eight pence of every Last of Leather And whereas 4 Ibm. A Fifteenth granted the Subsidy and Custom so granted could not be sufficient for the great Expence and Charge the King was to be at for the Causes abovesaid as it was openly shewed unto them the same Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons having regard thereto 5 Ib. n. 11. granted One Fifteenth for one year to be levied as the last was On the 23d of 6 Ib. n. 12. November the King Prelates Duke Earls Barons and Commons assembled in the White Chamber when the Chancellor declared to the King how kind the Lords and Commons had been to him in granting him the Subsidy and Fifteenth who much Thanked them for their great Ayd and and then the 7 Ib. n. 13. Petitions of the Commons were read and answered when the Knights of Shires had leave to depart 8 Ib. n. 14. and sue out Writs for their Wages or Expences pour lour depenses but the Citizens and Burgesses were commanded to stay 9 Ib. n. 15. The Grant of the Citizens and Burgesses who the same day assembled before the Prince Prelates and Great Men and for the safe coveying of their Ships and Goods granted 2 s. upon every Tun of Wine coming in or passing out of the Kingdom and 6 d. in the Pound of all Goods for a year The next Year the King 1 Rot. Fran. 47 Ed. III. M. 18. A. D. 1373. John Duke of Lancaster the King's Lieutenant in France and Aquitan made his Son John King of Castile and Leon and Duke of Lancaster his Lieutenant as well in the Kingdom of France as
other Certainly I fear that the same will happen unto us which Aesop fableth to have been fallen unto the Frogs who being desirous to have a King a Beam was given unto them The first Fall whereof did put them in some fear but when they saw it lie still in the Stream they insulted thereon with great Contempt and desired a King of quicker Courage and then was sent unto them a Stork which stalking among them with stately Steps continually devoured them The Mildness of King Richard hath bred in us this Scorn interpreting it to be Cowardise and Dulness of Nature The Next Heir is likewise rejected I will not say that with greater Courage we shall find greater Cruelty But if either of these shall hereafter be able to set up their Side and bring the Matter to Trial by Arms I do assuredly say That which part soever shall carry the Fortune of the Field the People both ways must go to wreck And thus have I declared my Mind concerning this Question in more Words than your Wisdom yet fewer than the Weight of the Cause doth require And do boldly conclude That we have neither Power nor Policy either to Depose King Richard or to Elect Duke Henry in his Place That King Richard remaineth still our Soveraign Prince and therefore it is not lawful for us to give Judgment upon him That the Duke whom you call King hath more offended against the King and the Realm than the King hath done either against him or us for being Banished the Realm for Ten Years by the King and his Council amongst whom his Own Father was Chief and sworn not to return again without special Licence he hath not only violated his Oath but with impious Arms disturbed the Quiet of the Land and dispossessed the King from his Royal Estate and now demandeth Judgment against his Person without Offence proved or Defence heard If this Injury and this Perjury doth nothing move us yet let both our Private and Common Dangers somewhat withdraw us from these violent Proceedings After they had thus disposed of Richard II. and done for Henry what he could desire the Commons petitioned That all such as came into the Kingdom with him or came to him afterward and acted with him and against King Richard might not be impeached grieved or vexed but pardoned The King's Answer was 6 Roi. Parl. 1 H n. IV. n. 139. The Confederates and Followrs of Henry IV. pardoned le Roy voet fair pardon en maners come fust fait l'an primere le Roy Edward teirce The King willeth to give such a Pardon as was made or given in the first Year of Edward III. for which see Statutes at Large 1 Edw. III. Cap. 1. and 1 Hen. IV. Cap. 2. where are both Pardons in the same Words only what ought to be altered as to Names and Circumstances was altered The Deposed King after the Sentence of his remaining in secure and safe Custody was immediately sent to the Castle of 7 K. Richard sent to Leeds-Castle and from thence to Pontfract Leeds in Kent and from thence to Pontfract-Castle in York-shire The King of France whose Daughter he had Married prepared a great Fleet and raised an Army to invade England and destroy him and the Church of England also the People of the Kingdom by Sea and Land as 't is said by King Henry in his Writ 8 Append. n. 116. King of France prepares to relieve K. Richard to the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury to cause all the Ecclesiasticks of his Province to Arm and Array what Men they could to oppose him This Writ bears Date January 17. in the first of his Reign After this and before the 29th of the same Month the King of France had notice of King Richard's Death 9 Append. n. 117. His Death changes his Mind How K. Richard was Murthered not certain Upon which Day he confirmed the Truce he had made with him in the Year 1396. for 28 Years How this unfortunate Prince died was killed or murthered 't is uncertain Many say he had Meat set before him but not being suffered to eat he died of forced Famine Walsingham 1 Histor f. 363. n. 50. says he voluntarily starved himself and died on St. Valentin's Day or the 14th of February in Pontfract-Castle which agrees not with the Date of the King of France's Instrument as above unless it might be given out he was dead before he really was so Hollinshed 2 Chronic. f. 517. col 1. tell us That one Writer but names him not that pretends to know more of King Richard's Death than others reports That one Day King Henry sitting at Dinner fetched a great Sigh and spake these Words Have I no faithful Friend that will deliver me of him whose Life will be Destruction to me and Disturbance to the Kingdom Upon which Speech one Sir Pierce de Extone presently left the Court and went with Eight Men all Armed to Pontfract-Castle entred the Chamber where King Richard was Prisoner and beat out his Brains Mr. Camden in his Britania 3 F. 567. speaking of Pontfract-Castle says Hic Richardus Secundus Rex Angliae quem Henricus Regno spoliavit fame frigore in auditis tormentis scelerate sublatus est Here Richard II. from whom Henry IV. took or robbed him of the Kingdom with Hunger Cold and unheard-of Torments was wickedly killed Froysert who was then Writing his Chronicle 4 Vol. 2 c. 249. f. 319. f. col 1. says he could not tell by what means King Richard died The Parlement 5 N. 9. Roll in the first of Edward IV. speaks thus That Henry IV. taking upon him Vsurpously the Crown and Name of King of England and Lord of Ireland and not therewith Satisfied or Content but more grievous Things attempting Wickedly of Unnatural Unmanly and Cruel Tyranny the same King Richard Anointed Crowned and Consecrated and his Liege and most High Lord in the Earth against God's Law Man's Allegiance and Oath of Fidelity with uttmost Punition attormenting murdered and destroyed with most vile heinous and lamentable Death Church-Affairs AS in the last Reign so in this the Pope practised his Encroachments upon the Church and State In the First Parlement of this King the 1 Rot. Parl. 1 Ric. II. n. 77. Commons Petition That whereas in the Treaty between King Edward and the Pope he granted to abstain from all manner of Provisions by way of Reservation of Benefices especially of such Dignities as were Elective yet the Court of Rome had no regard to the King's Messengers sent thither about this matter and the Pope continued his Practice contrary to the Treaty Grant and Accord with King Edward to the great Prejudice of the King and his Subjects whereof they pray Remedy What Remedy they had I find not but next Year against certain Rebel 2 Ib. 2 Ric. II. n. 78. Cardinals there was an Act passed That Vrban was duly Chosen Pope and that
His Grants in Parlement repealed Fol. 397 C He is appealed of High Treason Fol. 405 A His Death at Calais Fol. 408 B Is adjudged a Traitor Fol. Ib. D His Confession before his death Fol. 409 D Godfrey of St. Omar Founder of the Order of the Templars Fol. 165 A Gournay Tho. one of the Keepers and Murderers of Edw. II. Fol. 164 C Judgment against him for the same Fol. 191 A Grievances of the Kingdom presented Fol. 57 D 58 Guardians of the Kingdom who Fol. 1 D They proclaim the King's Peace Fol. Ib. They do the same for Ireland Fol. 2 A Their Writ to assess Tallage and suppress Tumults Fol. Ib. C Guines surprized by the English Fol. 248 C Guy Earl of Flanders his Alliance with Edward I. Fol. 42 A H. HAles Sir Robert Beheaded by the Rebels Fol. 346 C Haynault Earl of furnisheth Queen Isabel with Ships and Forces Fol. 154 D Haxey Thomas his Bill in the House of Commons against the King's Royalty Fol. 396 A Is adjudged a Traitor Fol. Ib. D Hereford Henry Duke his Submission to King Richard Fol. 403 E He accused the Duke of Norfolk Fol. 404 F The Schedule of his Accusation Fol. 413 B The matter contained in it to be determined by Duel Fol. 414 D The King prevents the Battel and banishes him Fol. 415 B C He lands in England Fol. 419 B The Nobility and People join him Fol. Ib. C D His Obeisance to King Richard and Reception at London Fol. 420 A He claims the Crown Fol. 432 D His Speech to the Lords and Commons Fol. 433 D He summons a Parlement in his own Name to be returned in six Days Fol. 435 E His Eldest Son made Prince of Wales Fol. 438 A His Followers and Confederates pardoned Fol. 452 A Adam Bishop See Adam Nicholas a Professor of Divinity in Oxford a Wiclivite Fol. 459 F The Proceedings against him Fol. 460 461 Higden Ran. his Character of the Earl of Lancaster Fol. 139 C Holt Sir John impeached and his Answer Fol. 386 A E Sentence against him Fol. 387 A His Life spared Fol. 388 A He is banished into Ireland Fol. 389 C He is again recalled Fol. 396 F Hugo de Paganis one of the Founders of the Order of the Templars Fol. 165 A Hungerford Tho. Speaker of the Commons prays the reverse of several Impeachments Fol. 306 E I. JEws hanged for Clipping and Coining Fol. 8 C Maintenance allowed to the Converted Fol. Ib. The Obstinate are Banished Fol. 9 A John Duke of Bretagne died without Issue Fol. 224 The Competitors for his Dukedom Fol. Ib. C King of France Crowned Fol. 247 F He is Overthrown by Edward the Prince of Wales Fol. 257 He and his Son Philip taken Prisoners Fol. Ib. E They are brought to London Fol. 258 D And sent to the Tower Fol. 261 F He agrees to a Peace with Edward III. Fol. 262 E His return into England Errand and Death there Fol. 283 B Isabel Queen to Edward II. denied entrance into Leeds-Castle Fol. 134 A She writes to the Pope to Saint the Earl of Lancaster Fol. 138 E F She built a Chapel on the Hill where he was Executed Fol. 140 A She obtains Leave to get into France Fol. 148 E Her Excuse to the King for staying there Fol. 149 150 She takes Mortimer into her Service Fol. Ib. D Her Behaviour towards the King Fol. 152 A She leaves France and goes to the Earl of Haynault Fol. 154 A She lands at Harwich and is joined by the Nobility Fol. Ib. E F The Increase of her Army and her Cause carried on by false Reports Fol. 155 C D Her Care of Holy Church Fol. 157 E She takes Bristol and marches into Wales to find out the King Fol. 158 C D She held a Parlement with the Prince her Son Fol. 161 B Her seeming Sorrow for the King her Husband Fol. 163 A She and Mortimer hath the whole Government Fol. 186 A K. KEnt Edmund Earl of Vncle to Edward III. adjudged to death in Parlement and for what Fol. 185 D His Son restored to his Blood and Lands Fol. Ib. F Kilwardy Robert Elected Arch-Bishop of Canterbury without the King's Licence Fol. 93 B His Election protested against Fol. Ib. E Knights Four summoned for every County Fol. 10 B Knivet Sir John Chancellor his Declaration in Parlement of the Necessities of Edward III. Fol. 293 294 296 A Knolls Sir Robert Ravages and Burns the Country about Paris Fol. 290 A His great Care to suppress Tumults Fol. 361 A L. LAncaster Thomas Earl of resolved to defend Holy Church Fol. 114 E He demanded Gaveston of King Edward II. Fol. Ib. F He marched after the King and Gaveston Fol. 115 A A great Admirer of Robert Winchelsey Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Fol. 119 D He refused to serve the King against the Scots Fol. 120 A Is made Chief of the Council to Edward II. Fol. 122 E And General of the Army against the Scots Fol. 123 C The Agreement between him and the King Fol. 124 C He joins with the Earl of Hereford Fol. 134 F Is taken Prisoner Condemned and Executed Fol. 135 B Miracles done by him after his Death Fol. 136 A His Image adored at St. Paul's Fol. 138 A Queen Isabel writes to the Pope to Saint him Fol. Ib. D E The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury doth the same Fol. 139 A His Character by Higden Fol. Ib. C D Henry his Son shews Compassion to Edward II. Fol. 164 B His Submission to Edward II. and Queen-Mother Fol. 185 B He died of the Plague Fol. 282 D John Duke made Governour of Acquitain Fol. 290 C His Title to the Kingdom of Castile Fol. 292 A Is made the King's Lieutenant in France Fol. 295 A His ill Conduct in his Army Fol. Ib. C The three Great Offices he claimed at King Richard's Coronation Fol. 326 C His Retirement from Court Fol. 327 A His Challenge to his Accusers Fol. Ib He is chosen Head of the Committee for the Assistance of the Commons Fol. Ib. He sets out a Fleet and is beaten by the Spaniards Fol. 134 A B His Expedition against the Scots Fol. 342 F He concludes a Truce with them Fol. 350 F The Quarrel between him and Northumberland ended Fol. 351 A His Proposals to go into â—pain Fol. 355 A His Expedition against the Scots unsuccessful Fol. 361 B He is accused of Treason by a Fryer Fol. Ib. D His extravagant Expences in France Fol. Ib. E His Voyage into Spain and Claim of that Crown Fol. 364 C He is created Duke of Aquitain Fol. 392 C The Earl of Arundel asks his Pardon in full Parlement Fol. 394 A He is made Lord High Steward at the Trial of the Earl of Arundel and others Fol. 407 A He was First Commissioner in the Judgment given against his Son Henry Duke of Hereford 415 426 in the Margin Latimer impeached by the Commons Fol. 301 F Laws made in the First Purlement of Edward I. Fol. 4 C
Letters Pattents of Edward I. for the Establishment of Scotland Fol. 82 A Lewelin Prince of Wales summoned to take the Oath of Fealty to Edward I. Fol. 1 F His Marriage of Sim. Monfort's Daughter Fol. Ib. F He surprized the King's Justiciary and is slain Fol. 9 B E Limoges delivered to the French Fol. 289 F Is retaken by Prince Edward Fol. 290 A Lincoln Henry Earl his Speech about Holy Church to Thomas Earl of Lancaster Fol. 114 B Littister John King of the Commons his Pretences and Practices Fol. 348 E Loketon John impeached his Answer and Excuse Fol. 386 A E Sentence against him Fol. 387 A Is banished into Ireland Fol. 389 C Londoners join with the Lords in refusing to pay Taxes to Edward I. Fol. 58 F They refuse to assist King Edward II. Fol. 155 F They Murder the Bishop of Exeter and a Servant of the Spencers Fol. 156 B They compel the Bishops to swear to defend their Rights Fol. 164 A They present their Grievances to Edward III. Fol. 302 E F Their Patent from him and Petition about their Coroner Fol. 305 A E They deny to lend King Richard II. a Thousand Pounds Fol. 393 F Their Liberties seized by him and restored Fol. 394 A Lords See Nobility Lyon Rich. impeached by the Commons and his Punishment Fol. 301 F M. MAgdulph Earl of Fife his Appeal to King Edward I. Fol. 31 C Maltrovers John one of the Keepers and Murderers of Edward II. Fol. 164 C Marchall John Servant to thâ— Spencers murdered and by whom Fol. 156 A Margaret Maid of Norwey Grandchild and Heir to Alexander III. King of Scotland Fol. 14 F Articles of Marriage between her and Prince Edward Fol. Ib She died in her Voyage to England Fol. 17 F Marshal and Constable take Possession of the City-Gates Fol. 59 C D Mautravers John his Practices against the Earl of Kent punished Fol. 190 D E Merks Thomas Bishop of Carlisle's Reasons against the Proceedings in Parlement against King Richard II. Fol. 438 D Montacute Will. his Reward for taking Mortimer Fol. 191 D Monfort his Controversie with the Earl of Blois for the Dukedom of Bretagne Fol. 124 125 Mortimer Roger taken into Queen Isabel's Service Fol. 149 D Is proclaimed a Traitor by Edward II. Fol. 154 F His Familiarity with the Queen Fol. 159 B His Management of Affairs under Edward III. Fol. 182 B 186 A He agrees to a shameful Peace with the Scots Fol. 184 F He is sent to the Tower Fol. 186 C The Articles in Parlement against him Fol. 187 A Is condemned by his Peers and executed Fol. 189 F Mowbray Tho Duke of Norfolk accused by the Duke of Hereford Fol. 413 B The matter contained in his Accusation to be determined by Duel Fol. 414 D The King prevents the Battel and banished him Fol. 415 B C D N. NAnts besieged by the English Fol. 342 B Nevill's Cross Battel Fol. 240 F Nobility swear Fealty to Edward I. when beyond Sea Fol. 1 C Their Petition against the Pope's Exactions Fol. 88 C And against sending Money out of England Fol. 89 C Their Murmurs and Contrivance against Gaveston Fol. 101 D F Their Ordinances for the Government of the King's Houshold Fol. 103 c. Are angry at recalling of Gaveston Fol. 112 F They order him to be executed without Trial Fol. 116 A They demand of the King the Execution of their Ordinances and encourage the People to join them Fol. Ib. C E They treat with the King about Peace Fol. 117 D Their Petition to him in Parlement Fol. 125 D Their Confederacy against the two Spencers Fol. 127 c. Their Message to the King to banish them Fol. 129 A They come armed to Parlement and their Award against them Fol. Ib. B C They desire Security for their acting without Law Fol. 132 D Many of them Executed with the Earl of Lancaster Fol. 135 F They join with Queen Isabel against Edward II. Fol. 154 D Several of them Executed by Queen Isabel's Order Fol. 159 B They judge King Edward II. unfit to Govern Fol. 163 A They renew their Fealty and Homage to King Richard II. Fol. 390 F The Oath they then took Fol. 391 A Such as broke it to be Excommunicated Fol. Ib. They again renew their Oaths to King Richard Fol. 400 403 They join Henry Duke of Hereford and Lancaster Fol. 419 C D Northampton John a Mover of Sedition in London and how appeased Fol. 360 F His Trial and Judgment Fol. 361 F Judgment against him repealed Fol. 393 B Nottingham Thomas Earl one of the Lords Appellants Fol. 371 C O. OAths taken by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal Fol. 391 A Administred to all Gentlemen c. Fol. Ib. B Renewed to King Richard II. Fol. 400 The Breakers thereof Excommunicated Fol. 401 B Great Officers of the Kingdom to be sworn in Parlement Fol. 220 E To be chosen by the Lords in King Richard's Minority Fol. 332 C They resign their Places to the King and receive them again from him Fol. 392 B Ordainers appointed their Names Fol. 103 They decline to Treat with the King's Commissioners Fol. 114 A Order of the Garter instituted when and by whom Fol. 247 B Ordinances of King Edward I. for Security of Scotland Fol. 85 F For Government of Edward II. his Houshold Fol. 102 B Are confirmed by the King in Parlement Fol. 103 110 111 A Are examined and annulled Fol. 146 A Of Normandy what it was Fol. 238 D P. PArliaments held in the Reign of Edward I. Fol. 96 97 98 In the Reign of Edward II. Fol. 180 181 In the Reign of Edward III. Fol. 321 c. In the Reign of Richard II. Fol. 465 c. That held in the 11th of Ricard II. annulled Fol. 402 That again confirmed and that held 21 Rich. II. annulled Fol. 437 E Pavy Amery de made Governour of Calais Fol. 243 B His Design to betray it prevented Fol. 246 C He is removed from the Government of it Fol. ib. F Peacham John made by the Pope Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Fol. 94 A His Letter to the King about Church-Liberty Fol. 95 A Perambulation of the Forest settled and confirmed Fol. 72 F Percy Henry his Promise in behalf of Gaveston Fol. 116 A Thomas made General Procurator for the Clergy Fol. 401 B Perrers Alice banished Fol. 302 B She is accused in Parlement Fol. 329 F She is found Guilty Fol. 331 E Her Sentence and Punishment not to be made a Precedent Fol. Ib. Repealed in Parliament Fol. 362 D Peter King of Castile Excommunicated by the Pope Fol. 284 A He craves and receives Aid from Edward Prince of Wales Fol. Ib. He refused to pay the Prince's Army Fol. Ib. Is slain by Henry Bastard of Castile Fol. 289 D Philip the French King remonstrates against the Pope's Bull prohibiting Taxes Fol. 55 B His Clergy doth the like Fol. Ib. His Protestation against the Pope's Power to make a Truce between him and Edward I. Fol.