Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	day_n	king_n	wales_n	2,304	5	9.9362	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14722	Anima'dversions of vvarre; or, A militarie magazine of the truest rules, and ablest instructions, for the managing of warre Composed, of the most refined discipline, and choice experiments that these late Netherlandish, and Swedish warres have produced. With divers new inventions, both of fortifications and stratagems. As also sundry collections taken out of the most approved authors, ancient and moderne, either in Greeke. Latine. Italian. French. Spanish. Dutch, or English. In two bookes. By Robert Ward, Gentleman and commander.	Ward, Robert, fl. 1639.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver.	1639 (1639)	STC 25025; ESTC S118037	599,688	501

disgrace as that hee began openly to threaten him with Warre And for that purpose hee gathered a great Army out of Asia the lesse and 10000 Auxiliaries also out of Greece with which hee marched against his Royall Brother beyond the River Euphrates Artaxerxes was not unmindfull of these affaires but like a wise and a valiant man prepared forces to bid his Brother battell When they came to blowes Cyrus wounded his Brother and forced part of his Army to give ground but being of a hot and haughty spirit and with weake Attendants beating to farre within his Brothers Troopes at last hee was slaine by his Brothers Guard Vpon the newes of his death the whole Army tooke the Route save onely the 10000 Greekes who in despight of Artaxerxes departed whole away and came safe into their owne Countrey After the death of Cyrus the faire Lady Alpasia was taken in his Tents on whom Artaxerxes when hee beheld her set his affections and this Lady was the cause of a new insurrection for being equally beloved of the Father and the Sonne the Sonne petitioned to his Father for her and had her granted But the Father afterwards condoling his owne losse tooke her away againe Whereupon the Sonne conspired with one Terebathus that they two with some armed Troopes should on a certaine day breake into the Kings Closet and slay him but this plot being discovered the King escaped the Treason Terebathus and his Troopes were slaine by the Kings Guard and Darius the Kings Sonne apprehended as a Traitour and adjudged to death by the Councell of Princes before whom his Father would have him stand for his tryall after his death also the King himself languished and died and appointed for his successor Othus the youngest of those three Sonnes that hee had by his lawfull Queene Othus Reigned about Twenty Sixe yeares more like a Tyrant then a King for hee filled his Royall Pallace with the bloud of Princes his owne kindred Nulla non sanguinis non sexus non aetatis misericordia perm tus and for his cruelty was slaine afterwards by the Prince Bagoas who thought to have seated himselfe in the Royall Chayre but having not power enough to effect that he Proclaimes Arsames Sonne of Othus King who hee also slew afterwards Metuens filium propter necem paternam And here was an end of all the Stocke of Cyrus and the end of this Monarchy followed about Sixe yeares after For when Arsames was slaine Bagoas the murtherer repaired to Codomamius who for his vertue and valour against the enemy was first made Ruler of Armenia and now King of Persia After the obtaining of which he changed his Name and is commonly knowne by the name of Darius Vltimus a Prince nothing inferiour to any of his Predecessors And yet in this King happened the subversion of this mighty Kingdome Against him first of all Philip King of Macedon being elected Generall of the Grecians tooke Arms and sent his Forces into Asia under the conduct of Farmenio Amynters and Attalus against them Darius tooke Armes and sent his Army over which hee placed Memnon of Rhodes an expert Souldier as Generall But while these Wars were managed abroad by their substitutes Philip himselfe was slaine at home by one Pausanias a Noble Macedonian upon this occasion Pausanias was abused in his tender age through the lust of Attalus which the young Man taking in ill part complained to Philip and craved justice against the offender but was put off in derision and the Malefactor honoured with a Generalls place in the Warres Whereupon Pausanius turnes his anger against Philip and as Iustin sayes Vltionem quam adversario non poterat ab iniquo judice exegit But the Persian Warre was not given over upon the Kings death for Alexander the great his Sonne and Heire after that hee had quieted the Cities of Greece which the Persians politickly had stirred up to rebell against him by that meanes hoping to divert the Warre out of Asia Having collected and shipped his Army goes in his owne Person into Asia and divides his Patrimony in Europe amongst his friends saying Sibi Asiam sufficere His Army consisting of 32000 foot and 4500 Horse hee wafted over in 182 Ships An admirable thing that hee durst attempt the conquest of the greatest Monarchy of the World with so small a number but marke who they were not yong striplings prim● flore aetatis but veterares plerosque old beaten Souldiers for the most part such as had borne Armes under his Father and Vncles they were through their long experience Non solum millites sed magistri militiae not onely Warriours but masters of the Warre there was never a Captaine which was lesse then Sixty yeares of age Vt si principia castrorum cerneres Senatum se alicujus priscae reipublicae vider diceres and they all resembled the King for courage for they minded nothing but victory and after that the enjoying the riches of the Orient Against these Darius led his Army into the field consisting of 600000 men in whose valour and fortitude hee had such confidence as that hee neglected to take any advantage which was by policy to bee acquired Affirmans suis occulta consilia victoriae furtivae non convenire and upon this conceipt hee refused to prevent his enemies landing but received them into the very heart of his Kingdome Gloriosius ratus repellere Bellum quam non admittere which thing though it shewed a magnanimous and great spirit yet it argues weakenesse of understanding for truely so victory may bee gained it stickes not whether it bee obtained by valour or policie the safest therfore for him had beene to have prevented their landing if possibly hee could for enemies are more easily repelled from the Coasts then expelled after they have got footing But this out of a Millitary bravery hee neglected and it cost him no lesse then the losse of the battell and afterwards of his life and Kingdome The first battell betweene the two Kings was in the field of Adrastia where the Persians were vanquished Non minus arte Alexandri quam virtute Macedonium After this Alexander fought another Battell with Rhaesaces and Spithradates two of Darius his Captaines at the River Granicus quos jam non tam armis quam terrore nominis sui vicit and in this encounter both the Persian Chiefetaynes were slaine Rhaesaces by Alexanders owne hand and Spithradates by the hand of Clytus After their overthrow having yet no more to doe in the Field hee fell to taking in of Cities Sardis Miletus Helicarnassus and all such places as bordered upon them were taken in and so comming through Pamphilia hee tamed the Inhabitants of of Pisidia and Phrigia At last hee tooke the City of Gordis which above all other hee desired to take not for the spoyle but because hee had heard that there in the Temple of Iupiter was kept the consecrated yoke of Gordians Waine whose

men of quality and that the originall proceeds from discontents and that they have drawne a strong party to side with them whereby the Lawes of the Field cannot take place without running a hazard to the whole Army then the best way is to deale mildly with them using faire tearmes and promises willingly condescending to such requests as shall bee by them desired dealing privately with some particular men and sometimes with many together and eft-soone filling them with promises and hopes using pensive yet vehement words which may induce them to beleeve that they proceed not from any dissembling intents and so by degrees prevaile to cut off the principall heads and then the rest of the body will soone fall off of it selfe CHAP. CLXXXVII A Policy used by King William to Malcolme King of Scotland who had invaded this Land thinking to gaine his peace hee would have yeelded to any Conditions KIng William the Second having weakened his Army by his great Wars in France Malcolme King of Scotland perceiving what broyles and Contentions this poore King was hemmed in withall tooke his opportunity to make use of it and with his Army invades England considering the Premisses he thought to bring King William to what tearmes of Peace he should desire and that in regard of his great losses hee would be very moderate in demanding any Articles from the King of Scotland this Project being brought to the upshot King William shewed himselfe more resolute then ever ●efore in his prosperity affirming in high tearmes that hee scorned to yeeld to any difficulties Whereupon Malcolme conjecturing that such a high confidence could not bee without good grounds he consented to any Condition that King William did desire CHAP. CLXXXVIII Politique Observations in a Confederate Warre THat Army which intends to invade an Enemy the strength whereof consists of divers Confederates the Service which is to be expected must be speedily done for in a short time such an Army will fall into divers inconveniences as either a dissipation and dissolvement or else fall into a confusion in regard of great difficulties that will arise and Straites that they must bee exposed unto especially being farre remote from succour and releefe or hardly to be releeved whereas the Enemy being in his owne Land at hand may have speedy supplyes both of Men and Amunition as by the example of Robert Duke of Normandy eldest Brother to King William who with divers other Princes of Europe had surprized Ierusalem and divers other Cities yet soone ●ell at oddes and were dissipated CHAP. CLXXXIX A policie used by the Governour of Croizon to make his cowardly Soldiers fight CRoyzon being besieged by Generall Norrice the Governour of the Fort seeing his Souldiers faint in the defence thereof wherfore to prevent it all that did play the Cowards or that did speake of yeelding hee caused to bee chained to a post set in some breach with his weapons in his hand to defend himselfe and it By this device the rest of their fellow Souldiers would rather venture their persons honourably then to be compelled with a greater danger dishonourably CHAP. CXC A Policie used by Generals to beguile hunger in a straight besieged Towne THe People of Lydia were the first that invented Games as Dice Cardes Chesse and the like necessity and hunger forcing them unto it according to that of Persius Artis Magister ingenijque Largitor venter For being sorely vext with famine in the time of Atis one of the Progenitors of Omphale they used every second day by playing at these Games to beguile their hungry bellies thus for 22 yeares they continued playing and eating by turnes CHAP. CXC A politique Stratagem practised by the Governour of Berghen against the Prince of Parma's Forces by which he destroyed divers of them and preserved the Towne from surprizing THe Prince of Parma bringing a mighty Army before Berghen-opzome the Governour made choyce of two English men who in former time had beene the Dukes prisoners to steale to the Dukes Campe to let him understand that the strength of the Towne was most English and that for divers discontents they were ready to mutinie and that if it pleased him hee could infect some chiefe Captaines that should command the principall Guards to give way for his entrance into the Towne and that the Governour should not mistrust any treachery they would onely shoot pouder at them in their Ordnance and Musquets without Bullets and that at such a night hee should not faile of his enterprise and for the better assurance one of those English-men was to be left in hostage to be slaine if they did not really effect it whereupon the Prince gave them large gifts with great promises of future preferment The signe being given that the Duke should come with his Army the English Hostage was bound hand and foot and for their better security was carried in the Front of the Army that if any treason should be he might be the first should suffer so finding the Ports open and the Pieces discharged onely with powder made them come flocking upon the Bridge but so soone as the formost was entred with the English Gentleman that was their Hostage the Lord Willoughby let downe the Port-cullisses and being ready with the whole strength of the Towne gave them such a Volley both of great and small Shot that they slew and drowned many hundreds This Project caused Parma to raise his Siege from before Berghen CHAP. CXCII A Politique Observation for a Generall if he feares the strength of his Enemies Battell to march from him by night OVr famous Generals used this Observation in their Warres Si pauci necessario cum multitudine pugnare cogantur consilium est noctis tempore Bellifort●●●●tentare CHAP. CXCIII A Politique Stratagem whereby the King of Naples regained the possession of a City and Castle formerly lost to the King of France FErand King of Naples having lost his Kingdome to the King of France he understood the King of France had fought a great Battell with the Venetians and Milla●●ys at Fernon conjectured with himselfe how by a wile to repossesse himselfe of the Castle in the City of Naples to which end having got some few Troopes in armes march'd towards the Citie and sent a Nuntio to the Governour to let him understand that their King was slaine and the Army discomfited and if they would yeild up the possession of the Castle they should have good quarter but if they did withstand this faire pro●●er they should expect nothing but utter confusion whereupon they being at a stand and hearing of a truth that such a Battell was fought but no certaine newes of the event made them give credit to the King of Naples his report and fearing the worst yeelded the City and Castle which occasioned the losse of the Realme CHAP. CXCIV A Politike Stratagem used by Nauplius the Father of Palamedes whereby he destroyed 200 of the Graecians ships as they came for the Island

device he having laine secret in Spinola's Campe many dayes together hee perswaded his Wife to goe to the Prince of Orange and complaine of a sicknesse her husband had caught in carrying his Brothers Letters to Breda through the waters in the Winter season and she earnestly besought him to pay the remainder of the reward promised her husband the Prince taking hold of this occasion being over-joyed in finding out this trusty Messenger did undertake to pay him what was owing him with much more if he would now once againe adventure to carry one of his Letters to the Towne as he had convayed many of his Brothers heretofore the woman knowing her lesson objected the danger of the passage and the disease of her husband but in conclusion she suffered her selfe to be wonne to it and with a feigned unwillingnesse undertooke to perswade her husband whereupon she departed to fetch her husband to the Prince who returned with her counterfeiting a lamenesse as if his feet had beene frozen by the frost in the Winter the Prince agreed a price with him and rewarded him delivering his Letters of secret importance to him to be conveyed to the Governour of Breda the fellow came directly to Spinola with it whereby hee understood all their designes for this Spinola gave him a yeerely pension for ever CHAP. CCXXXIV A Stratagem whereby the Prince of Orange had like to have gained Antwerpe Castle THe Prince of Orange lying neere Breda which Spinola had besieged had a designe to take in Antwerpe Castle upon an onslaught to which purpose he kept the passages of his Campe very close and also the Garrisons out of which he was to draw his Souldiers out that no intelligence might be given to the Enemy to frustrate his designe the charge of his Expedition was given to Brochem Drossard of Bergen-up-zome who had 1000 foot and 200 horse the Souldiers themselves knew nothing whether they were to march but to contrary places Command was given that they should take off their Orange-tawny Scarffes and put on red which was the King of Spaines colours and they were to give out that they were the King of Spaines men and that they marched to Antwerpe for provision of Victuals for indeed it was reported Spinola's men were at that time to goe to Antwerpe for the same purpose their Waggo●s were also covered with Canvasse and marked with the Burgundian Crosse as Spinolaes were these things furthered their project and confirmed the Peasants in their beleefe that they were their owne men so that they arrived under the Walles of Antwerpe Castle being protected by the extremity of a darke night they had made themselves a passage to the Bridge and were ready to beate open the Ports but by the vigilancie of one Andreas Cea an old Souldier that stood Sentinell they were discovered and put to retreit A DESCRIPTION OF ENGINES AND WARLIKE INSTRVMENTS SECT XIIII CHAP. CCXLIII The description of such Engines and Warlike Instruments as are prevalent in the Warres with the manner of using them and how to make them IN regard the managing of Warlike affaires cannot bee well performed without the knowledge and true use of all kind of Instruments that are or may be invented it is therefore very necessary to describe the fashion and operation of such as have beene formerly and now are at this present day invented and also invent some that have not formerly beene knowne by these a Commander in chiefe may defend his Army and offend his Enemy for by the use of such Stratagemicall Instruments many times a Victory or Conquest hath beene easily obtained and upon more certainer tearmes then to trust only to the Valour and Potencie of an Army For the Nature of Policie and Politique Instruments are to accomplish such things that strength cannot performe their operation being in a double respect as the Commander that makes use of them shall order and dispose so accordingly is their operation viz. making all difficulties Easie and againe contrarily making all things easie difficult And by this twofold Vertue the wisedome and Ingenuity of an Enemie is often foyled I have formerly spoken of the use of all kind of Artillery as being the principall Engine Here I will onely speake of the Nature and Condition of the Petard by the force of which all substantiall massie bodyes are dissolved and fittered in peeces this Engine is of the fashion of a Leatherne Bucket usually made of Brasse the Verges even that it may lye patte upon the Port you intend to blow-open If the Port be accessible then it is to be hung up by a Ring upon a peece of Iron skrewed into the Port with a Forke to stay it close and to keepe it from reversing the manner of charging it and the use of it is more largely discoursed of in the Treatise of Artillerie Page 113. 114. But if the Port bee inaccessible then it must be placed upon an Engine which will conduct it to the Port as by the next Figure following you may see at C the fashion of the Petard at the Letter A. the Forke at the Letter B. CHAP. CCXLIIII The use of the Granadoes how they are made and charged with powder and how they are to be discharged out of a Morter or throwne by the hand AGrando is one of the necessariest Engines belonging to the Warres in regard it anoyes and spoyles the Enemie when no other Weapon nor Engine can there are two sorts of them one to shoote in a Morter-peece the other sort is to bee cast by the hand amongst the Enemies over their Walls and workes Those that are to bee shotte out of Morter-Peeces are to be cast in Brasse for the principall Service or made of Glasse or Earth and these are to batter downe Walls and Roofes of houses and to breake amongst the Enemies Horse or Foot-Troopes there is another sort made of Canvas and that is used properly to set fire upon Houses and Townes of these I will discourse in particular and demonstrate them by Figure Those of Brasse ought to bee of a foote-Diameter made somewhat long-wayes in thicknesse an inch one end thereof is to have a Snowt like a Bottle and at the other end a Hole at the which it is to be charged and the said hole is to bee skrewed then there is a strong Skrew-Tappe to be made to fill the skrew-hole and that is hollow wherein is put slow-burning-Powder made of Cannon-Powder beaten fine and moystned with the oyle of Peeter mingled with some Charcole then it is corded over with Cord halfe an inch in distance one from th' other every way acrosse to keepe it from splitting or breaking in the discharging it the manner how to charge them is shewed in the Discourse of the use of Artillery This Figure following in the meane time will give you some light for your better understanding In this Precedent Figure you see the parts of the Granado and how it is to bee

upon their knees if the enemies Horse should offer to charge the Battell of Pikes at a convenient distance beyond this girdling all the residue of the Shot are ranged in small Maniples of thirty in each Before the Front of Pikes you see twenty two Maniples of Shot which are to disband themselves and give fire upon the enemy and are to be supplyed from those Maniples plac'd in the Wings These Maniples of Shot are thus ordered for two reasons For in the first place the enemy cannot possibly assault the body of Pikes but these Maniples of Shot are ready to give fire upon them and the Pikes are so sheltered and shadowed from the enemy that they cannot receive any dammage for indeed so long as the Pikes stand firme although the Shot should be routed yet it cannot be said the Field is won for the whole strength of an Army consists in the Pikes Secondly these Maniples may very easily bee drawn on a sudden into greater Divisions and as occasion shall bee offered may bee joyned with the Pikes and the Pikes suddenly drawn into any forme the Generall shall conceive best of they being ordered in apt Divisions with convenient distances betwixt each Battalia for that purpose And if so bee this Battell bee pitcht in such an advantagious ground that the enemies Horse may not have too much freedome to wrong the Shot this forme questionlesse is very prevalent Wherefore these Shot ought to have each man his Swines-Pike at his girdle to stick down against the Horse upon each corner of the Impalement is plac'd a Maniple of fiftie Musketires The Horse upon the out-Wings of the Shot are ranged in three grand Battalia's one a good distance before the other in the formost is three hundred Harquebuziers in the second five hundred Carbines and in the last two hundred Curassiers these upon occasion may march up together and make one intire Front The Ordnance are guarded upon each Wing with three hundred and fiftie Shot and one hundred and fiftie Pikes These Ordnance are plac'd upon places of advantage to scowre the enemy in what manner soever he shall make his approaches It would bee too tedious to discourse of the sundry forms this or any other forme of Battell may be translated into but the ingenious souldier like that famous Generall Pyrrhus must by his ingenuity frame in his imagination all kind of forms which may sute with the place they are to be fought in and may bee most prevalent against the enemy hee hath to deale withall But this you must take for a Maxime as Sr. Francis Bacon well observed in his advancement of Learning that no massie bodie can possibly be moved without a kind of trepidation and it holds good in this for it is very dangerous to move or alter a forme of Battell not only to avoid fear but confusion Yet I confesse divers Generals have done it as Caesar cast his forme of imbattelling into a halfe-Moon but extremity drove him unto it The Figure hereof followeth upon the next Page For otherwise if a Generall orders his men in one kinde of forme to delude his enemy and to cause him to order his Battell thereafter yet he must be sure to Metamorphise it into that forme he intends before the enemy drawes to neere least confusion follow To avoide tediousnesse these formes before demonstrated shall suffice In the next Chapter following I shall further discourse of the nature of small divisions of Shot and of divers circumstances belonging to them and afterwards I shall further discourse of the nature of Battells CHAP. XXV The use of small Maniples of Shot with a generall discourse of the light-armed IN the precedent descriptions of Imbattelling 〈◊〉 may perceive two or three severall formes of Battels where the S●●●t are ordered in small Troopes by themselves wherefore although it be not ordinary yet I shall shew the good use of them by paralelling them with the light-armed used in former ages what strange conquests have beene gained by them as Historians have observed wherefore we must first compare the body of an Army to the body of a Man that is compact of severall parts of which some parts are of more use than other some parts being able to performe their function without the help of the other parts and againe some except the other parts helpe can doe nothing to purpose of themselves The armed are the strength of the Battell and are the refuge for the rest in extremity wherefore our Generalls in this latter age joyne the Shot on each Wing of the Pikes for their safety and in this kind they may worke great effects as Elian in his Tacticks learnedly discusses and Xenophon sayes let there be never so many light-armed yet dare they not stand and abide the assault of a few armed in which respect a place fit hath beene sought for their service to secure them from the accesse of the Horse or of the enemy armed wherefore Generalls in former ages plac'd them sometimes behind their Phalange of Pikes or else in the Wings betwixt the Horse and the armed Pikes as these figures by me described shewes or if they skirmished loose before the Front and chanced to be oppressed with the enemy then they were to retreat into the Intervalls and so convayed themselves behind the Phalange in safety and as Leo reports the securing of the light-armed in some place of strength either naturall or artificiall will be most prevalent and advantagious as namely some strong inclosiers being well Hedged and Ditched Rocks or steepie Hills or the banks of Rivers or the like How did the Prince of Wales being to fight with the whole power of France at Poytiers fortifie his light-armed and safeguarded them with Hedges and Ditches and other Strengths so that the French Horse finding no accesse to disorder them were overwhelmed with their stormes of Shot which those Maniples so plac'd showred upon them At the Battel of Agencourt there were two thousand English Shot placed in a Medow fenced with a deep Ditch from whence they so galled the French which occasioned the Victory The residue of the Shot had Stakes armed with yron pikes which preserved them from the fury of the Chivalrie by which means they gained that famous Victory By this you may see that light-armed souldiers although they be divided from the body of Pikes may be very efficacious to gain a Victory Further there is no inticing or training an enemy from his place of advantage but by small Troops of Shot which are to make a bravado to toule them into some place of advantage as Alexander did practise against the Tryballs who had hid themselves in Woods He sent his light-armed from the body of his Pikes and trained out the Barbarians they being shrewdly wounded with their Shot in the Woods threw themselves out to fall upon the Archers Alexander immediatly commands Philotus with the Horse of upper Macedonia to charge the enemies right Wing