and censures as by the rest of the Knights citizens and burgesses assembled in the Commons house of Parl. c. And the Sheriffs and other Officers and Persons to whom it appertaineth shall make returns and accept and receive the returns of such elections in like manner as if Writs of Summons had issued and been executed as hath been used and accustomed And in default of the Sheriffs and other Officers respectively in not accepting or making return of such elections it shall and may be lawful to and for the several Freeholders and other persons that have elected to make returns of the Knights c. which shall be as good and effectual to all intents and purposes as if the Sheriff or other Officers had received a Writ of summons for a Parliament and had made such returns any Writ c. to the contrary notwithstanding And in case any person shall be so hardy as to advise or put in execution any such Writs c. then he or they so offending shall incur the penalties contained in the Statute of Premunire made in the 16 year of Rich. the 2d. and be deprived of the benefit of the Law in any case c. And if any Sheriff Constable of the Castle of Dover or Lord Warden of the Cinque-Ports shall not perform his duty enjoyned by this Act then he shall lose and forfeit the sum of one thousand pounds and every county city cinque-port and borough that shall not make election of their knights citizens barons and burgesses respectively shall incur the penalties following that is to say every County the sum of one thousand pounds and every City which is no County two hundred pounds and every Cinque-Port and Borough the sum of one hundred pounds All and every of which several forfeitures and all other forfeitures in this Act mentioned shall and may be recovered in any of the Kings Courts of Record at Westminster by and in the Name of the Lord Major of the City of London for the time being by action of Debt Bill Plaint c. wherein no Essoin Protection c. shall be in any wise prayed granted or allowed And if any person after notice given that the Action depending is grounded or prosecuted upon or by vertue of this Statute shall cause or procure any such Action to be staid or delayed before judgment that then the said persons so offending shall incur and sustain all and every the pains penalties and forfeitures as aforesaid The fifth part of all and every the forfeitures in this Act mentioned shall go and be to and for the use and behoof of the City of London and the other four parts and residue to be employed and disposed to and for such only uses intents and purposes as by the Knights Citizens and Burgesses in Parliament assembled shall be declared and appointed And be it further Enacted That the said Knights Citizens and Burgesses to be assembled at any Parliament by vertue of this Act shall and may from time to time at any time during such their assembly in Parliament choose and declare one of themselves to be Speaker for the said Knights Citizens and Burgesses of the House of Commons assembled in the said Parliament as they shall think fit And it is further enacted That all Parliaments hereafter to be assembled by authority of this Act and every Member thereof shall have and enjoy all Rights Priviledges Jurisdictions and Immunities as any Parliament summoned by Writ under the great Seal of England or any Member thereof might or ought to have and have voices in such Parliament before and without the taking of the several Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance or either of them any Law or Statute to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding For Signing of this Bill thanks were given to the King at White-hall the same afternoon by both Houses of Parliament By this time being the end of December that Cessation of Arms which was spoken of before between the English and Scotish Armies was expired and by the Parliament now renewed for a month longer for the Paliament although the King as is said before called them Rebels and desired to have them driven out of England had a better opinion of them and at this time of renewing the Cessation ordered that the Scots should be recompensed for all their charges and losses by that mischievous war which the King had raised against them and within few dayes after examination of those losses and charges the Parliament ordered that the Scotish Ships taken since that war should be restored to them and 4000. l. in money given them to rig those ships it was further resolved by both Houses that the full sum of 300000 l. should be given to them in these words Towards a supply of the losses and necessities of our brethren of Scotland And that the Parliament would in due time take into consideration the manner of raising daies of Paiment for which three daies after the Scotish Commissioners then Resident at London gave thanks to the Parliament not only for that great Sum of 300000. l. but for the stile of Brethren which so kindly they had used towards them The Parliament of England as a further strengthning of the Nations amity Ordained at that time That all Books Libels and Proclamations against the Scots should be called in and a thanksgiving to God should be in all Churches of England for that happy Peace The payment of two Armies for so long a time was a great charge to the poor people of England which they without any grudging or repining at the King as cause of that great burden in hope to gain him for the future bore with exceeding patience they willingly parted with six Subsidies and were content with the taxation of Poll-money a personal assessment of the whole Kingdom wherein every Duke was assessed at 100. l. a Marquess at 80. l. Earls at 60. l. Viscounts and Barons at 40. l. Knights of the Bath at 30. l. Other Knights at 20. l. Esquires at 10. l. Men of 100. l. per annum at 5. l. every common head at six pence The King in February had declared to the Houses his intention concerning a marriage for his eldest Daughter the Princess Mary who was then betwixt 9 and 10 yeers of age the husband appointed for her was the yong Prince William of Nassau Son to Henry Prince of Orange a youth about 16 yeers of age the matter was then in agitation and fair Propositions made upon it to the King by the Ambassadors of the States General The Parliament were pleased with the marriage and not long after the yong Prince arived in England and was by the King and Queen with all the Court joyfully received and entertained at London After convenient time spent in the English Court he was upon the second day of May with great solemnity Married at White-hall to the Princess Mary On the tenth day of May Thomas Earl of Strafford who had
at last though too much time were lost was contented to admit of that Article as the Parliament had done But that way which the Parliament thought most powerful to Reduce Ireland was by adventuring for proportions of Land there to be shared amongst the English Adventurers according to those sums of money which they would disburse or subscribe That so whosoever in person or purse helped towards the conquest of those bloody Rebels might be recompensed if the Work were done Propositions were framed in Parliament to that purpose The King confirmed these Propositions though at first he laughed at them and was heard to say That they were like to him who sold the Bears skin before the Bear was killed At last an Act was made enabling the Parliament with power to carry on that War until Ireland should be declared wholly subdued and that no Peace or Cessation of Arms should be ever made with the Rebels unless both Houses of Parliament consented to it The King then offered to go in person over into Ireland But the Parliament thought it was not fit to hazard the Kings person in such an expedition The King was then at Hampton Court distasted at the City and pretending the reasons of his absence to be fear of Tumults for besides what was before spoken of the numbers which flocked to Petition at Westminster the King was advertised That the day after he retired to Hampton which was about a week after his going to the House of Commons divers Citizens with Boats and Guns in them brought the five Members to Westminster with many promises not to forsake the Parliament From thence upon the twentieth of January the King sent a Message to the Parliament desiring them that seeing particular grievances were so many as that it would be tedious to present them by themselves they would digest them into one Body that so a clear Judgement might be made upon them And then they should see how ready he would be to equal or exceed the greatest examples of most indulgent Princes in their Acts of Grace and Favor to the People The Parliament gave him thanks and resolved speedily to consider of it but desired the King in the mean time to give them a sure ground of security while they discharged their Trust by putting the Tower with other principal Forts and the whole Militia of the Kingdom into such hands as the Parliament might trust and recommend to him The King refused to grant that Petition alleaging that he would reserve to himself the disposal of all those places as a principal and inseparable Flower of his Crown nevertheless he promised to entrust none but faithful Persons in any of those places Many reasons were shewed on both sides and many Petitions and Answers passed they still pressing for this Grant of the Militia and the King still denying it The King then residing at Hampton Court had found out a new way to weaken the Parliament in their number by sending for some who were his Servants to leave their sitting in the House to attend him Especially he aimed at the Earl of Essex his Lord Chamberlain and the Earl of Holland Groom of the Stool both whom he sent for but they chose rather to obey his Parliament-Writ than his private Command and continued sitting For which he sent a Messenger to demand the Staffe of the one and the Key of the other being the Ensigns of their Offices which they willingly resigned The Lord George Digby about that time had written a Letter to the Queen from Midleborough in Zealand whither he had fled from England when the Lords in Parliament had sent for him upon some Misdemeanors and if he appeared not in twenty days had proclaimed him Traytor in which he intimates That if the King will declare himself and retire to a safe place he should be able to wait upon him from thence as well as from any part of England over and above the service which he might do for him there in the mean time This Letter was intercepted and brought to the Parliament whereby they began to understand that the King had some design in hand against them which they more plainly afterwards discerned The King and Queen about the middle of February with their eldest Daughter Mary Princess of Orange went to Canterbury From which place while some of the Members of both Houses went between London and that City upon divers businesses the King signed the Bill for taking away Bishops Votes in Parliament From Canterbury they went to Dover from whence the Queen passed into Holland under pretext of keeping her Daughter company to her Husband But she carried with her the Crown-Jewels of England and pawned them there whereby she bought Arms for that War which ensued and was it seems then designed by the King against the Parliament After her departure the King taking the Prince and Duke of York with him went to Theobalds there he received a Petition from the Parliament on the first of March one thousand six hundred forty one wherein they desired him to Grant the Militia to abide neer London and not to carry the Prince away All which he denied and went immediately to New-Market There he was presented with a Declaration drawn by both Houses The Earls of Pembrook and Holland with some Commoners carried it In which they repeat the old Grievances his wicked War against Scotland the Irish Rebellion raised here by many presumptions his attempt of engaging the English Army against the Parliament his entring the House of Commons with the like and that his fear to reside neer London is without ground and pretended for nothing but to perplex the Common-wealth to hinder the relief of Ireland and encourage the ill-affected party in this Kingdom to which the King Answered with great indignation and afterwards answered it by a long Declaration of his own endeavoring to clear himself of some things and extenuate or excuse others accusing them for coining to themselves needless Fears and Jealousies and so these Commissioners departed from Theobalds while the Parliament suffered him without any real hinderance to the Peoples great griefs he passed to the City of York The Parliament in the mean time sit and Vote only against the Kings evil Counsel and make three Votes 1. That the Kings absence so far remote from his Parliament is not only an obstruction but may be a destruction to the Affairs in Ireland 2. That when the Lord and Commons in Parliament shall declare what the Law of the Land is to have this not only questioned and controverted but contradicted and a command that it should not be obeyed is an high breach of the Priviledge of Parliament 3. That they which advised the King to absent himself from the Parliament are enemies to the peace of this Kingdom and justly to be suspected as favorers of the Rebellion in Ireland From York the King sent a Message to the Parliament on the eighth of April 1642. that he would
by no means consent to the abrogation of Episcopacy not in the second place would he suffer the Militia to be taken out of his hands which he conceived to be a cheif flower of his Crown Yet he was contented that for three yeares it should be governed by twenty equally chosen out of both sides Lastly to the prosecution of a War against the Irish he could not consent having made a cessation of Arms with them which in Honour he could not break Thus nothing at all being done toward peace the War must decide it The Parliament hasten the modelling of their new Army The Earls of Essex Warwick Manchester and Denbigh freely and voluntarily lay down their Commissions The new modelled Army of the Parliament consisted of twenty one thousand namely fourteen thousand foot six thousand Horse and one thousand Dragoneers Sir Thomas Fairfax was made General Philip Skippon an excellent souldier was made Major General Colonels of the Foot Regiments were Holborn Fortescue Barclay Craford Ingolesby Mountain Pickering Rainsborough Welden Aldridge of Horse Regiments Sir Michael Levesâ—y Sheffield Middleton Sidney Graves Vermuden Whaley Fleetwood Rossiter Py. The King on the other side had great Forces under divers Commanders to whom he distributed several Provinces the Princes Rupert and Maurice with numerous forces possessed some of the Northern parts of the Kingdom others were held by the Earl of Derby and Sir Marmaduke Langdale Sir John Biron and Gerard held Wales and some adjacent Counties The West was wholly possessed by three Armies of his under the several Commands of Sir Ralph Hopton Sir Richard Greenvile and Colonel Goring All these three though Generals by themselves yet served under the name of Charles Prince of Wales as their supreme General But the King not content with so great a force of English Souldiers was more earnest than before to get over the Irish Papists with whom he had before committed the business to Ormund to make an absolute peace but when the King perceived that those Irish made too high demands and that nothing was effected by Ormund toward the peace in so many Treaties and so long a time he thought of another way which was to the Lord Herbert of Ragland Son to Worcester whom he had created Earl of Glamorgan a zealous Papist and therefore most acceptable to those Irish Rebels the King gave full power by his Letters to make a peace with and indulge to the Irish whatsoever should seem needful It seemed strange to all men when these things were brought to light which was before the end of that year that such a business should be carried on and yet concealed from the Lord Digby Secretary for Ireland and Ormund the Lord Lieutenant to whom the whole matter of that peace had been before committed But the King when he saw it too hard a thing otherwise to make such a peace as would bring a certainty of assistance from them that he might throw all that Envy upon Glamorgan impowred him unknown to the rest for so the Rebels sweetened with large promises unknown to Ormund might the better admit of conditions just in shew and openly excusable and the King might draw from Ireland such Souldiers as would more firmly adhere to his side and he might trust as being the greatest haters of English Protestants and despairing of pardon against the Parliament of England He therefore gave Letters of authority to Glamorgan in these words CHARLES by the grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith c. To our Trusty and Well beloved Cousin Edward Earl of Glamorgan Greeting Being confident of your wisdom and fidelity We do by these Letters as if under â—ur great Seal grant unto you full power and authority to Treat and conclude with the confeâ—erate Roman Catholikes of Ireland and to inâ—ulge to them all those things which necessity â—â—all require and which we cannot so commodiâ—â—sly do by our Lieutenant nor our Self publick-â—own at present Therefore We command that 〈◊〉 do this business with as much secresie as can 〈◊〉 whatsoever you shall think fit to be promâ—â—â—â— in my name that do I attest upon the word of a King and a Christian to grant to those Confederate Catholikes who by their assistance have abundantly shewed their zeal to us and our Cause Given at Oxford under our Royal Seal the twelfth day of March and twentieth year of our Raign Nor into England onely did he endeavour to bring those Irish but into Scotland which he effected to the great damage of that unhappy Kingdom by Montross about the beginning of the year 1644. when the Scottish Covenanters came into England to assist the Parliament Montross went to Oxford to the King to offer his service against the Covenanters in Scotland The King to fit him for that purpose created him a Marquess and gave him his Commission to be Lord Governour of Scotland and General of all his forces the King then also sent for the Earl of Antrim to participate with Montross his Councels who entering into a confederacy with him before the King engaged himself there that he would send to Montross the next April into Arguile where the passage is short into Ireland ten thousand Irish This promise at the appointed time Aâ—trim performed in part but was very deficient in the number of Souldiers for instead of ten thousand he sent scarce twelve hundred Irish into Scotland under the conduct of Macdonald Montross notwithstanding with these men with the addition of his Atholians made up a sufficient theeving Army and making sudden excursions he fell into the neighbouring Countries wasting all robbing houses and burning up the Corn where he came insomuch as that the State had need of great Armies to restrain his violence whilst the craggy Mountains of Atholia and rough woody places there gave safe retreat to his Highlanders and Irish In this manner did Montross for the space almost of two years lie within the bowels of his Country like a pestilent disease such were his retreats and so great his boldness in excursions that no less an Army than twelve thousand was thought sufficient to defend the Provinces against him But Montross was tossed with various turns of Fortune The first Summer after his arrival in Scotland he gave the Earl of Arguile a great blow through the negligence of his men where fifteen hundred were slain and taken by Montross whereupon the Parliament of Scotland raised an Army of ten thousand against him and the same parliament condemned Montross with some other Lords to be a Traitor and Enemy to his Country Montross afterwards received a great overthrow from Hurry and was enforced to fly to his craggy retreats and shortly after he was again beaten by Hurry near to Dundee and absolutely forced to hide himself in his old receptacles from whence notwithstanding on a sudden as shall be shewed anon he shewed himself and from a contemptible estate grown justly formidable he overwhelmed Scotland
in a miserable calamity While the King persisted in these courses the Kirk of Scotland from the Synod at Edinburgh sent Letters to him containing a serious admonition which because the admonition of a National Church may seem a thing of some moment shall be set down verbatim the Preface onely omitted because long though very humble THE troubles of our hearts are enlarged and our fears encreased in your Majesties behalf perceiving that your Peoples patience is above measure tempted is like a Cart pressed down with Sheaves and ready to break while as besides many former designs and endeavours to bring desolation and destruction upon us which were and we trust all of that kind shall be by the marvellous and merciful providence of God discovered and disappointed our Countrey is now infested the bloud of divers of our brethren spilt and other acts of most barbarous and horrid cruelty exercised by the cursed crew of the Irish Rebels and their complices in this Kingdom under the conduct of such as have Commission and Warrant from your Majesty and unless we prove unfaithful both to God and your Majesty we cannot conceal another danger which is infinitely greater than your Peoples displeasure Therefore we the servants of the most high God and your Majesties most loyal Subjects in the humility and grief of our hearts fall down before your Throne and in the name of our Lord and Master Jesus Christ who shall judge the World in Righteousness both great and small and in the name of this whole Nationall Kirk which we represent we make bold to warn your Majesty freely that the guilt which cleaveth fast to your Majesty and to your Throne is such as whatsoever flattering Preachers or unfaithful Counsellors may say to the contrary if not timely repented cannot but involve your self and your posterity under the wrath of the ever living God for your being guilty of the shedding of the bloud of many thousands of your Majesties best subjects for your permitting the Mass and other Idolatry both in your own Family in your Dominions for your authorizing by the book of sports the prophanation of the Lords day for your not punishing of publike scandals and much prophaneness in and about your Court for the shutting of your ears from the humble and just desires of your faithful subjects for your complying too much with the popish party many wayes and namely by concluding the cessation of Armes in Ireland and your embracing the councels of those who have not set God nor your good before their eyes for your resisting and opposing this cause which so much concerneth the glory of God your own honour and happiness and the peace and safety of your Kingdomes and for what other causes your Majesty is most conscious and may best judge and search your own conscience nor would we have mentioned any particulars if they had not been publike and known For all which it is high time for your Majesty to fall down at the foot-stool of the King of glory to acknowledge your offences to repent timely to make your peace with God through Jesus Christ whose bloud is able to wash away your great sins and to be no longer unwilling that the Son of God reign over you and your Kingdoms in his pure Ordinances of Church-government and Worship They conclude with a profession and protestation of their constancy in so just a cause against any opposition whatsoever This admonition of the generall Assembly of the Kirk of Scotland was sent first to the Scottish Commissioners at London and by them delivered to the Kings Secretary but Ecclesiastical admonition in the heat of War little availed When the Spring began the War with great heat and courage on both sides was renewed Generall Essex had laid down his Commission and Sir Thomas Fairfax went to Windsor to his new-modelled Army a new Army indeed made up of some remainders of the old ones and other raised forces in the Countries an Army seeming no way glorious either in the dignity of Commanders or antiquity of Souldiers never hardly did any Army go forth to War with less confidence of their own side or more contempt of their enemies and did more bravely deceive both and shew how far it was possible for humane conjectures to erre For in their following action and successes they proved such as would too much pose antiquity among all the Camps of their famed Heroes to find a parallel to this Army He that will seriously weigh their atchievements in the following year against potent and gallant Enemies and consider the greatness of things the number of Victories how many battels were woon how many Towns and Garrisons were taken he can hardly think them the work of one year or fit to be called one War But whosoever considers this must take heed that he do not attribute too much to them but give it wholly to Almighty God whose providence over this Army as it did afterwards miraculously appear so it might in some measure be hoped for at the first considering the behaviour and discipline of those Souldiers For the usual vices of Camps were here restrained the discipline was strict no theft no wantonness no oaths nor any prophane words could escape without the severest castigation by which it was brought to pass that in this Camp as in a well ordered City passage was safe and commerce free The first expedition of General Fairfax as it was ordered by the Committee of both Kingdomes was into the West to releive Taunton a Town that had long with incredible manhood and constancy under Blake their Governour endured a sharp siege by Sir Richard Greenvile and seemed to emulate though with more happiness the fidelity of old Sagunthum but this work was not done by the General himself but Colonel Welden who was sent thither with seven thousand of the new Army Fairfax himself was recalled by the Committee of both Kingdoms to go upon other action But because the King had sent for Prince Rupert from Wales to come to Oxford that he might joyn forces and march into the field General Fairfax before he went from Windsor sent Cromwell with a party of Horse to hinder the Kings designs who marching speedily from Windsor with great felicity vanquished a part of the Kings forces at Islip-bridge taking divers of the Commanders prisoners the remainder of that party flying into Bletchington House were there besieged and yeilded to Cromwell with the same success at Bampton-bush he took Vaughan and Littleton and defeated their forces The King when Prince Rupert and Maurice were come to him with their forces designed his march toward the East to take possession of the Isle of Ely which he hoped would be betrayed to him by some of his party there Cromwell and Major General Brown the Governor of Abington were commanded to follow the King but soon recalled as too weak in forces to encounter the King and to assist General Fairfax in besieging of Oxford
which favour they gave the King thirty thousand pounds This was that cessation of Arms so much spoken against by honest men in London for that reason especially that it was directly against a Law and the Kings faith for it was enacted by authority of Parliament the King also signing the Act in the year one thousand six hundred forty one That the War against those bloudy Irish Rebels should proceed untill it were declared by Parliament that Ireland were fully subdued and that no peace nor any cessation of Arms should be made with those Rebels without the consent of both Houses of Parliament Thus was assistance brought to either side to the King which he especially aimed at in this business that English Army which for almost a whole years space had fought valiantly and victoriously against those Rebels was now brought into England within five moneths after that cessation to fight against the Parliament of England but the cause being changed the fortune of those Souldiers was likewise changed for they had no success in England but within a short time after their arrival that whole Army was utterly defeated and all their cheif commanders with seventeen hundred common Souldiers were taken prisoners by Sir Thomas Faâ—rfax The Scottish Army that Winter following about the middle of January passing over Tweed came into England The Earl of Leven was General his kinsman David Lesley commanded the Horse the snow that fell at that time covered the ground in an unusual depth and as great a frost had congealed all the rivers but the heat of fighting was greater than the rigor of the air and the patience of Souldiers overcame the hard weather The Earl of Leven marched with his forces against the Earl of Newcastle who with a great Army possessed the Northern parts of England for the King nor did the War goe on with less vigour in other parts In the beginning of the Spring great Armies were raised on both sides and filled all the countries with terrour all the following Summer which fell in the year one thousand six hundred forty four they fought with equal fury and almost equal fortunes insomuch as that England by the dubiousness of success on both sides and sad vicissitude of calamitous slaughters was made an unhappy Kingdom The Kings fortune was susteined by brave Armies in the West under the Princes Rupert and Maurice in Wales under Gerard and others in the midland Counties under Sir Jacob Ashley an old Souldier other Armies were commanded by Sir Ralph Hopton and Colonel Goring and in the North the Earl of Newcastles great Army Nor were the forces of Parliament inferiour the cheif Army under the General Essex Waller commanded another the Earl of Manchester to whom Crumwell a stout and successful Souldier was joyned led a strong Army toward the North where the Lord Fairfax and his Son had good forces and Sir John Meldrum not far off the Earl of Denbigh a stout Commander was with a fair Party about Strafford and besides these the great Scottish Army At the beginning of that Summer the Parliament attempted a thing of great moment to besiege Oxford or at least to block up the King within that Town which was endeavoured by two Armies Essex on the one side and Waller on the other but the King deceived them both and with a few light Horse escaping out of the Town went to joyn with his greater Armies General Essex marched farther into the West but the expedition proved unhappy both to himself and the Parliament Waller followed the King but in vain for he could not hinder his designed March onely some skirmishes happened between parts of their Forces but nothing was done of any great moment until Waller returned with his force to encounter enemies in other places Various were the successes this Summer in most parts of the Kingdom in the West South and midland Counties the Kings forces prevailed above the Parliament which perchance had been ruined if the North had not made them amends with some atchievements besides one great Victory For Leve with his Scottish forces coming the last Winter into England besides the taking of some Towns and Forts had much weakened Newcastles Army lessening their number not by fighting but enduring the sharpness of that weather which the other could not so well doe To Leven the Lord Fairfax after Selby was so miraculously taken by valiant Sir Thomas Fairfax joyned himself with all his forces to whom also the Earl of Manchester after his Lincoln expedition came with a gallant Army Three Parliament Armies under three Generals Leven Manchester and Fairfax with great concord and unanimity had marched together and with joyned forces had besieged the great City of York whereof the Earl of Newcastle was Governour to raise the siege Prince Rupert was come with a great Army out of the South the three Generals left their siege to fight the Prince under him also Newcastle having drawn his forces out of York served who on a great plain called Marston Moore gave battel to the three Generals This was the greatest battel of the whole civil war never did greater Armies both in number and strength encounter or drew more bloud in one fight The Victory at first was almost gotten by the Royalists whose left Wing Fairfax his men being disadvantaged by the inconvenience of the ground had routed and put to flight the right wing of the Parliamentarians but this loss was more than recompenced in the other Wing where Crumwell who fought under Manchester charged with such force and fury the right wing of the Royalists that he broke the best Regiments which Prince Rupert had and put them all to flight Crumwel together with David Lesley pursued them and wheeling about with his Horse came opportunely to the releif of his oppressed friends in the other Wing where they ceased not until they had gained a compleat Victory and all Prince Rupert his Ordnance his carriages and baggage were possessed by the Parliamentarians After this Victory Rupert with the remnant of his forces fled into the South some of the Victorious Armies Horse in vain pursuing him for some miles the Earl of Newcastle with some of his chosen friends leaving York of which City Sir Thomas Glenham took the government went to Scarborough where within a while after he took shipping and passed into Germany The three Generals Leven Manchester and Fairfax after this great Victory returned to besiege York to whom that City soon after upon conditions was rendered after which they divided their forces and Leven with his Scottish Army returning into the North about the end of that Summer took the rich Town of Newcastle about the same time that the General Essex unfortunately managed his business in the West and having lost all his Artillery returned to London This Summer the Queen passed into France and used great endeavour to raise aid for the King her husband among the Roman Catholikes but those endeavours proved fruitless yet