on the East by Glamorganshire and Brecknock on the West by Pembroke on the North by Cardigan from which it is separated by the River Tivy and on the South by the Irish Sea This County is said by Mr. Camden to be very fruitful and in some places to have plenty of Coal Mines and to abound in Cattle It takes its Name from the principal City which stands upon the River Tiny about 5 Miles from the Sea called by Ptolomy Maridunum by Antonius Muridunum It was Walled with Brick in the times of Giraldus Cambrensis but was then decaying Pleasantly seated between Woods and Meadows and very venerable for its great Antiquity taken from the VVelch in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror after this by them retaken and burnt twice till being first strengthened with a Castle by Henry Turbervil an English Man and after that walled about by Gilbert de Clare it recovered something of its former Glory The Princes of VVales settling here the Chancery and Exchequer for South VVales Caernarvanshire has on the North and West the Irish Sea on the South Merioneth and on the East Denbighshire parted from the Isle of Anglesey by the River Menay All the middle parts of it are covered and filled with Mountains so that Mr. Camden calls these Hills Alpes Britannicas the British Alpes and saith they afforded the greatest Security to the Welsh in times of VVar and so abounded with Grass that they seemed sufficient alone to have fed all the Cattle of VVales The Western parts are more level and yield plenty of Barley The chief Town or City is seated in this part of the County upon the River Menay and was built by Edward I. King of England about 1283. Small and almost round but strong and defended by a beautiful Castle Edward II. was born here and Surnamed from this Town who was the first of the English Princes that bore the Title of Prince of VVales In after times these Princes setled here the Chancery for north-North-VVales Robert Dormer Baron of VVing was created Viscount and Earl of Carnarvan in the sourth Year of the Reign of King Charles I. who afterwards lost his Life valiantly for that Prince at Newberry in 1643. to whom succeeded Charles his Son Caerphilly a Market-Town in the County of Glamorgan in VVales where the Earl of Pembroke has a Noble Castle It is the Capital of its Hundred Caerwis a Market-Town in Flintshire in the Hundred of Coleshill Caeron a Country in Assyria where Josephus says the Relicks of Noah's Ark were to be seen in his time It produces your odoriferous Wood. Caesarea Palestina was anciently call'd the Tower of Straton But Herod the Great rebuilding it called it Caesarea in honor of Augustus It is now call'd Caisar It lies on the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Holy Land 30 Miles to the South from Ptolemais and 45 from Jerusalem After the Ruin of Jerusalem it became the Metropolis of Palestine and the Seat of the Prefect or Governor the Bishop of Caesarea gained thereby the Authority of a Primate over the Bishop of Jerusalem and for some Ages maintained it but in after Councils the Bishop of Jerusalem was exempted and made a Patriarch several great Councils have been held here Eusebius Pamphilus the Church Historian was in his time Bishop of it Cornelius the first converted Gentile was baptized here by S. Peter S. Paul was a Prisoner here And Origen taught here But in 653. after a Siege of 7 years Muhavia a Saracen took it from the Christians In the Holy War it was several times taken and retaken till at last intirely ruined by Barsus a Saracen Long 66. 15. Lat. 32. 20. § Caesarea Magna in Cappadocia the Episcopal Seat heretofore of S. Basil See Caisar § Caesarea Philippi See Balbec § Caesarea in Africa an antient City mention'd with Honor in the Roman History upon the Coast of the Mediterranean believed to be the same with the Iol of Ptolemy Pliny and Mela. It became a Bishop's See since Christianity and likewise an University that produced divers Poets and Philosophers of Note in the time that the Arabians were Victorious in Africa In the Year 959. the Caliphs ruined it The Remains of its Walls make it appear to have been above 3 Leagues in Circuit call'd by the Africans Tiguident Caffa a considerable City and Sea-Port in Crim Tartary upon the Eastern side of the Peninsula East of the City of Crim supposed to be the Cavum of the Antients It is a flourishing Mart and furnished with a large and capacious Haven Heretofore possessed by the Genoese who saith Dr. Heylin by the Help of this Port and the Plantation they had in Pera on the North Side of Constantinople engrossed all the Trade of the Euxine Sea into their own hands In 1475. it was taken by Mahomet the Great ever since it has been in the hands of the Turks and though by them much ruin'd is still the principal Place in that Demy-Island The Turks govern it by a Bashaw they send thither and although the Tartars can possess themselves of it when they please yet they chuse rather to leave it in his hands than to take it into their own The Venetians have often sollicited a free Commerce with it for the Benefit of its Commodities but the Port has constantly refused to suffer their Vessels to pass into the Black Sea for Reasons of State They reckon about 4000 Houses of Mahometans Tartars and Christians whereof some Latins Greeks and some Armenians to the Number of about 800 who are obliged to wear a Distinction from the rest in their Bonnets Caffreria a Country of Africa of large extent It lies from the Kingdom of Angola on the North to the Cape of Good Hope and is bounded East West and South with the Ocean the South-Eastern part is very fruitful and well peopled the rest barren Mountainous and little peopled The Inhabitants are so barbarous that they are called by this Name from their rude way of living which signifies the Lawless People they were all heretofore Man-eaters and many of them continue such to this day They call themselves Hottentots Mr. Herbert an English Man who was in these Parts will scarce allow them to be perfect Men and saith they sell Man's Flesh in the Shambles They acknowledg a Soveraign Being under the Name of Humma which they adore when he sends good Weather But in cold and rainy or very hot Seasons they change their Praises of him into Complaints against him Cagliari Caralis Calaris a City of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea which is the Capital and the Seat of the Governor on the South side of the Island upon an Hill Also an Archbishop's See and an University When the Moors were Masters of this Island they ruined this City but James II. King of Aragon recovering it Anno Christi 1330. the Pisans rebuilt the Town which is now become great and rich under the Spaniards It has three
Wall and has a spacious Castle on the other side of the River supposed to have risen first out of the Ruines of Venta Silurum the Capital City of the ancient Silures four Miles distant from it Cher Caris a River which riseth in Auvergne near Clermont and running North-West through Berry and on the South side of Tours a little below this last it falls into the Loyre Cherazoul a Town in the Province of Curdistan in Asia in the Road from Ninive to Hispahan of very difficult access from the manner of its construction within a steep and cleted Rock Cherbourg Caroburgus a Sea-Port in Normandy in France which has a tolerable good Harbor ten Leagues West of Constance This Town was lost by the English in 1453. Honfleur and Beaumont stand near it Chersonesus Aurea See Malaca Some believe this to be the Land of Ophir of King Solomon's time Cherry-Issand an Island on the Coast of Greenland in the most Northern part of the World discovered to us and denominated accordingly by Sir Francis Cherry There are many Mines of Lead growing in it Chertsey A Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred not far from the River Thames over which it enjoys a Bridge The unfortunate King Henry VI. was first interred without Pomp here and afterwards removed to Windsor Cherusci an Antient and Valiant People of Germany that dwelled between the Elbe and the Weser having the Catti and the Hermonduri their Neighbours to the South East and West Their General Arminius is often mention'd with honour by Tacitus Cherwell a River in Oxfordshire at the confluence of which with the Isis stands the most famous University of Oxford Chesee Povillux a Town in Champagne the Inhabitants whereof claim the privilege to assist at the Coronation of the Kings of France and to convey the Holy Ampoulle or Oil pretended to be brought by an Angel at the Consecration of the first Christian King of that Kingdom from St. Rheimes to our Ladies Church in Rheimes Chesham a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham Chester Civitas Legionum Cestria is a City and Bishoprick on the River Dee in the Westernpart of Cheshire whence often call'd West-Chester with a fair Stone Bridge over that River In this City it was that 7 Kings of the Scots and Brittains by way of Homage rowed King Edgar in his Barge from S. John's Church to his Palace himself as Sovereign holding the Helm The East-gate is accounted one of the stateliest in England and the Rows or Galleries made along the chief Streets for preservation against the Rain are very particular It was an ancient Roman Town call'd by Ptolemy Devana made a Bishops See by Henry VIII who put it under the Archbishop of York The ancient Earls of Chester fortified it both with Walls and a Castle It is now at this day a fine Place with 10 Parishes in it a County Palatine and the usual passage from England to Ireland It s Long. 20. 23. Lat. 53. 11. Cheshire Cestria hath on the South Shropshire on the East Stafford and Darby on the North Lancashire and on the West Denbigh and Flintshire towards the North-West it has a Promontory that runs a great way into the Sea It abounds more in good Pasturage than Corn well stored with Parks and watered by the Rivers Dee Weever and Mersey and the Cheese of this County is thought the best of England The Earldom of it belongs to the Prince of Wales Chesterfield a Market Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale pleasantly seated between two small Rivers in a very good Soil King John made it a free Borough King Henry III. and his Barons fought that Battel hard by it in which Robert de Ferrers Earl of Derby was taken Prisoner and lost his Estate and Dignity King Charles I. advanced it to the Style and Title of an Earldom in the Person of Philip Lord Stanhop Anno 1628. whose Grandson at present possesses that Dignity Cheuxan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Chekiang in China planted by above 70 small Towns and Villages of the Chinese Chewton a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred also written Chewton-Mendip Chiampana Ciampa a Kingdom of the further East-Indies between Couchin-China Cambaja and the Mare Sinicum Pulocacien is the principal City of it Chiamsi a Province towards the South of China Chiangare See Galatia a Province of the Lesser Asia Chiapa a Province of New Spain in America watered by the Rivers Gryalva and rio blanco and for many Ages past inhabited by 4 different Nations of Indians It s Capital City is Civdad Real Chiarenza a Town in the Morea fifty five English Miles from Patras to the South It is a Sea-Port-Town Chiaromonti Claromons a considerable Town in the South-East part of Sicily in the Valley of Netina amongst the Mountains about forty Miles from Pachino to the West Chiavari Clavarum Claverinum a small but well inhabited Town upon the Coast of Genoua near Rapello in Italy towards the fall of the River Layagna The Genouese are said to build it in 1167. and after it had been ruined to rebuild it Chiavenne vide Claven Chichester Cicestria a City and Bishoprick in Sussex founded by Cissa II. King of the South Saxons After the Conquest it became a Bishops See the Chair being removed from Selsey a small Village not much above sive Miles to the Southward This City is seated on a River call'd the Lavant which encompasseth it on the West and South about six Miles from the Sea and almost in the Western Border of that County The Honorable Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton was created Earl of Chichester September 10. 1675 by Charles II. his Father It is a fair City with five or six Parish Churches and a Cathedral first erected by Radulph the third Bishop afterwards rebuilt and beautified by Bishop Seffrid the second of the Name when it had been almost consumed twice by Fire The Corporation elects two Burgesses for Parliament and would enjoy a better Trade were not the Haven choaked up that is next adjoining to â—it Chidley a Market Town in Devonshire on the River Tinge Chiemzee or Chiempsee Chiemium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh in the Dukedom of Bavaria about ten Leagues from Munich and Saltzburgh each It is no very considerable place An Archdeacon of Saltzburgh founded the Bishoprick in the year 1214. Chieri a Town in Piedmont where the French obtained a signal Victory against the Spaniards in 1639. It lies three Miles to the Eastward of Turino and was heretofore a Potent City and a Common-wealth but is now in Subjection to the Duke of Savoy Chifale an Island in the Gulph of Arabia Chilafa or Chielefa is a Fortress on the South of the Morea thirty eight English Miles North-West of Cape Matapan a Place of great Importance both as to its natural and artificial Fortifications and surrendred to the Venetians in 1686.
it is a low Marshy or Hollow Soil and much over-spread with Waters It is great too and very fruitful having on the North the Zuider Sea on the West the German Ocean on the South Zealand and Brabant and on the East Vtrecht Guelderland and a part of the Zuider About sixty Leagues in Circuit therein containing twenty nine walled Towns besides others heretofore walled which enjoy the same privileges with those that are and four hundred Villages eighteen of the principal Towns have Seats in the Assemblies of the States General to wit Dort Haerlem Delft Leyden Amsterdam Goude Rotterdam Gorcum Schiedam Schoonhoven Briel Alcmaer Hoorne Enchuysen Edam Monnikendam Medenblik and Purmerend Yet the diameter of this Province may be traversed in six hours In former times it was more extended towards the East of Nimeguen it s District being then a part of Holland The Batavi a Warlike Nation possessed the greatest part of this Country in the times of the Roman Empire who were conquered by Julius Caesar with the rest of the Galls of whom this was then thought a part After the Roman Empire was overthrown in the West this Province being almost dispeopled by the Inroads of the Norman Pyrats was given by Charles the Bald to Thierrie or Theodorick a Prince of Aquitain Son of Sigebert about 863. with the Title of a Count or Earl his Posterity enjoyed it till 1206. in seventeen Descents when it passed to the Earls of Hainault in which Family it continued till 1417. and then it passed by the Surrender of Jaqueline Countess of Hainaule and Holland to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy and so to the Spaniards When Philip II. treated this Free People ill they revolted and in 1572. submitted to VVilliam of Nassau Prince of Orange and in 1581. declared King Philip to have forfeited all his Sovereignty and having leagued themselves with their Neighbour States they defended themselves so well against that Prince by the assistance of Queen Elizabeth that at last they forced the Spaniards to acknowledge them a Free State And though the French King Lewis XIV by a sudden Surprize brought them very low in the year 1672. yet the next year they forced him to withdraw his Garrisons and recovered every inch of Ground from him The Prince of Orange though a Child in Age out-doing by the blessing of Heaven the oldest States-men and the most experienced Generals In the East-Indies the Hollanders are the Sovereign Governours of the Coast of Coromandel the Islands of Amboine Banda Ternate Ceylon and the City of Malaca part of the Islands of Sumatra and Celebes and divers places upon the Coast of Malabar § They have also given the Name of New Holland to a Region of the Terra Australis by them discovered in 1644. to the South of New Guiney and the Moluccaes To a Territory of Moscovia near the Streights of VVeigats by them named the the Streights of Nassaw upon the North Sea And lastly to a Country in the North America upon the Canadian Ocean betwixt Virginia and New France South-West of New England and East of the Irâ—quois in Canada But this latter has been been in the hands of the English since 1665. Holdenby a Castle belonging to the Crown in Northamptonshire where King Charles the Martyr was kept a Prisoner by the Parliamentarians from Feb. 17. 1646. to June 4. 1647. when by Cornet Joyce one of the Officers of the Rebels he was carried to Childersley and thence to Newmarket Here that afflicted Prince had leisure to compose that excellent Piece after his death Printed under the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which contributed more to the Re-establishment of his Children and the Reviving his oppressed Honour than all the Armies and Forces in the World could have done Holderness the most South-Eastern Promontory or Cape in Yorkshire called Ocellum by Ptolemy It lies North of Saltfleet a Town in Lincolnshire and shoots it self forth into the Sea a great way There are divers Towns in it King James I. created John Ramsey Viscount Hardington in Scotland Earl of this Place and Baron of Kingston upon Thames Anno 1620. The late Prince Rupert bore the same Title by the Creation of King Charles I. in 1643. which is now enjoyed by Conyers D' Arcie the present Earl of Holderness of the Creation of King Charles II. La Hougst Vast or Port de la Hogue Oga or Ogasti Vedasti a Haven or Sea-Port-Town in the Territory of Coutances in Normandy ten Miles from Bayeux to the West and sixteen from Caen to the same Holstein Holsatia that is as the Name signifies in the German Tongue the Hollow Stone or Rock or rather a Country overgrown with Woods and Forests as Holt signifies in the German Tongue is a Dukedom of great extent in the Lower Saxony in Germany though often comprehended in the Kingdom of Denmark because a part of it is subject to that Crown It was anciently a part of the Chersonesus Cimbrica bounded on the North by the Dukedom of Sleswick or South-Jutland on the West with the German Ocean on the East with the Baltick Sea and on the South with the Dukedoms of Bremen and Lunenburgh separated from it by the Elbe It is divided into four parts Dithmarsen Holstein Stormaren and VVageron The principal Cities in it are Lubeck and Hamburgh which are Hanse-Towns or Imperial Free Cities besides which there are Kiel and Rensburg in Holstein Krempend and Gluckstad in Stormaren Part of this Dukedom is under the King of Denmark and part of it under the Duke of Holstein The ancient Inhabitants were the Saxons our Ancestors who about 449. began the Conquest of Britain which perhaps were but some Tribes of the Cimbrians The rest which remained in Germany were conquered with the Saxons by Charles the Great and continued under the Empire till 1114. when Lotharius the Emperour gave Holst or Holstein properly so called to Adolf of Schaumburgh with the Title of Earl of Holstein whose Posterity enjoyed it till 1459. in eleven Descents when Christiern of Oldenburgh King of Denmark Sweden and Norway Son of Theodorick Earl of Oldenburgh and of Hedvigis Sister of Henry and Adolph the two last Earls of Holstein succeeded in the Earldom of Holstein The present Dukes of Holstein are descended from Christiern II. King of Denmark who died in 1533. From Christian III. one of his Sons are descended the Dukes of Holstein Regalis from Adolph another Son are derived the Dukes of Holstein Gottorp But this Work will not permit me to pursue these Lines any further Holt a Market Town in the County of Norfolk The Capital of its hundred Holy Island a small Island upon the Coast of the County of Northumberland not far from Berwick in which there is one Town with a Church and Castle and a good haven defended by a Block-house The Air and Soil not very grateful yet well accommodated with Fish and Fowl It s ancient Name was Lindisfarne a famous Episcopal
Mart 1300 German Miles its breadth between the Mouth of the Red Sea and the supposed Streights of Aman is 1220 Miles now divided into five principal Parts 1 Tartary 2 China 3 India 4 Persia 5 and the Turkish Empire Asia Minor See Natolia Asine the same with Anchora Asoph Tanais called Azack or Azeck by the Inhabitants la Tana by the Italians is a City of the Precopensian Tarters at the Mouth of the River Tanais which cuts the City into two parts and then immediately falls into the Lake of Moeotis It has a large Haven and a strong Castle which stands by the River taken by the Muscovites anno 1638. which upon false Accusation cost Cyrillus Lucaris Patriarch of Constantinople his Life but it was re-taken by the Turks who are now Masters of it the Town is square and built at the foot of a Hill in 67 d. of Long. and 54. 30. of Lat. Asopus the name of 3 Rivers one in Achaia now called Arhon the second in the Morea and the third in Asia minor near Laodicea Aspe a Valley of the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland watered by the Gave de Oleron It s principal Town is Accous Asphaltites or the Dead Sea by the Arabians sometimes called Baar Lout that is the Sea of Lot in Memory of his Deliverance is a Lake of Judaea in the same place where formerly the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were consumed The Rivers Jordan Arnon and others fall into it 580 Furlongs long and 150 broad according to Josephus They say no Fish can live in it for the Bituminousness of its Water and that nothing ever grows upon its Banks Assasiniens a People formerly inhabiting about 12 Towns in Phaenicia near Tyre under a King of their own Electing Whilst they paid a Tribute to the Templers they offered to turn Christians to be discharged of the same but the Templers refused it which says William of Tyre has been the cause of the ruine of Religion in the East In 1231 Lewis of Bavaria was assassinated by these People In 1257 the Tartars came upon them and killed their Antient or King and took their Towns and we have had no further account of them ever since Assinarius a River of Sicily See Falconara Assinshire Assinus a County in the North-western part of Scotland it has Strathnavern on the North the Mountains of Marble and Alabaster on the East Rosse on the South and the Irish Sea on the West This is properly a part of the County of Rosse and therefore little is said of it Assisi Aesisium Assisium a City of Vmbria in the Patrimony of St. Peter it is a Bishops See built on a Hill 5 Miles from the River Asio L'Assumption Assumptio a small new City in the Southern America near the River of Plate in Paragua it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de la Plata Assyria the first of all the Empires and Kingdoms in the World It subsisted for 1300 years under 37 Kings or according to the computation of others for 1484 years under 41 Kings that is from Nimrod and Ninus the first of which reigned at Babylon in the year of the World 1879 the other at Ninive down to Sardanapalus who burnt himself in 3178. 876 years before the coming of our Saviour Now it is a Province of Asia called otherwise Mosul and Arzerum between Diarbeck and Persia under the Grand Seignior See Mosul Asta a City and Roman Colony lying between Piedmont and Montferrat it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan well fortified with a strong new Castle belonging to it once a Commonwealth then it became a part of the Dukedom of Milan and was under the Viscounti being disjoyned from that Dukedom in the year 1531. after various changes itfell into the hands of the Duke of Savoy who is still Master of it It is 15 Miles distant from Casal to the South § There is another City of the same name in Andalusia and another in the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Decan Astabat a City of Armenia upon the Frontiers of Persia within a League of the River Aras not great but very beautiful and enriched with excellent Wine Astaces the antient name of a River in the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor Astachar Astacara a City of Persia upon the River Bendemir near the Ruins of Persepolis which was once the Capital of the Kingdom of Persia but is now decaying Astarac or Estarac Astaracensis tractus a little County 7 or 8 Leagues long in the Province of Gascoigne in France Asterabath or Sterabath Asterabatia a City and Province of Persia towards the Caspian Sea The City stands 20 Leagues from Gorgian Astetlan a Province of the new Kingdom of Mexico in America upon the Coast of the Vermiglian Ocean Astora Astura Augusta a City and Bishoprick in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain 9 Miles from Leone the Archbishops See to the South This City is also called Astorga Astracan Astracanum the Capital City of a Tartarian Kingdom in Asia near the Mouth of the River Rha or rather Wolga where it falls into the Caspian Sea it is built in an Island made by that River about 25 German Miles from the Sea-shoar and has been in the Hands of the Muscovites ever since the Year 1554. before which time it had Kings of its own The Kingdom of Astracan is a considerable part of the Czar's Dominion it lies in Tartaria Deserta from the Head of the River Rha to the Caspian Sea and extends West to the River Tanais which parts it from the Precopensian Tartars It was conquered by Johannes Basilovits Emperor of Muscovy Asturia was once a Kingdom but is now a part of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain it lieth in length from Biscay to Galaesia The eldest Son of the King of Castile is stil'd Prince of the Asturia's it being divided into two parts as the English Prince is of VVales of which this is an Imitation as also the Delphinate in France Atacama a Desart in the Province of los Charcas in the Kingdom of Peru in America along the Coast of the Pacifick Ocean Atad Caucasus a Mountain in Asia much celebrated by the antient Poets § Also a Country beyond Jordan in the Holy Land where the obsequies of the Patriarch Jacob were performed by his Children Gen. 50. 10. Atavillos a People of Peru. Atha a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria which falls in the Danube a little above Ingolstad Athamania a Country of Epirus between Acarnania Aetolia and Thessalia free and under Princes of its own till it submitted to Philip King of Macedon Athamas a River of Aetolia in Greece with a Mountain of the same name from whence it springs Aeth Athum a small but strong Town in the Province of Henalt upon the River Dender Tenera which falls into the Schelde 2 Leagues distant from the Confines of Flanders 5 East from Tournay Taken in 1667. by the French and by the Treaty of
Brunsberg § Brandenburg Island or the Island of Vulcan Insula Vulcani so called because it sometimes burns and vomits Fire like Aetna is an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Eastern Coast of New-Guiney Brandon a Market-Town in the County of Suffolk upon the lesser Ouse 5 Miles West of Thetford and ten North of Bury Charles Gorard Earl of Macclesfield in Cheshire was created Viscount of this Place July 23. 1679. by Charles II. Brantosme Brantosma an Abbey and Town in the County of Perigord in France upon the River Droune which there receives the Colle Supposed to be founded by Charles M. Braskow Brascovia a City and Bishops See in the Province of VValachia in the Kingdom of Hungary towards the Frontiers of Moldavia and Transilvania Brasil Brasilia is a vast Country of the Southern America bounded on the East with the Atlantick Ocean on the West with some undiscovered Countries lying between it and the Andes on the North with Guiana and on the South with Paraguay It reaches from 29. to 39 Deg. of Southern Latitude and it is 500 Miles in Breadth under the Dominion of the Portugueses ever since the Year 1503. though the Spaniards claim it Brassaw a Town in the Province of Lithuania in the Kingdom of Poland with a good Castle It stands below the River Wilna towards the Frontiers of Curland and Livonia It is the Capital of a Palatinate Brassaw the same with Cronstat Brava a City upon the Coast of Ajan in Africa well built and fortified Govern'd by the Laws of 12 Xeques or Princes in the Nature of a Republick being the only Government of that sort in this Quarter of the World The Xeques are elected out of the Descendents of the 9 Brothers who fled hither out of Arabia Felix from the Persecution of the King of Lacah Bray sur Seine a small Town in the Province of Champagne in France betwixt Nogent and Montereau fant-Yonne remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom § Bray sur Somme a Town in Picardy in France betwixt Perone and Amiens Bought of the Chatelain of Ponthieu by Philip the August in 1210. Brayne a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Vesle betwixt Soisons and Fisines Some pretend it is the Bibrax of Cesar Brazza Labraza or Baac Brattia is an Island of the Adriatick Sea upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians It is near the Island of Lesina and takes its Name from a Town that stands in it Brechin a City in the County of Angus in Scotland adorn'd with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews About 5 or 6 Leagues from the Ocean In Latin called Brechinium § Also a Town and Fortress in the Kingdom of Bohemia in Germany upon the River Laucntz near Tabor Brecknock Brechinia is one of the twelve Shires in the Principality of Wales On the East it is bounded with Herefordshire on the South with Monmouth and Glamorganshire on the West with Caermarthenshire and on the North with Radnorshire The chief Town is Brecknock seated upon the North side of the Vsk where the River Honthy or Hodney from the North and two other small Brooks from the South augment its Streams It stands twelve Miles West of Abergevenny and elects one Member of Parliament This County is thick set with high Mountains but fruitful Valleys lie between them Bernard Newmarch who conquered this small Shire built at Brecknock a Castle which the Bohuns afterwards repaired The most Loyal and Noble James Butler Duke of Ormond was created Earl of Brecknock July 20. 1660. by Charles II. Breda Breda a City in the United Provinces in the Dukedom of Brabant upon the River Merca Merck under the Prince of Orange A little but a strong Place and the Capital of a small Barony taken from the Hollanders by the Marquess of Spinola in 1625. after a Siege of 10 Months taken from the Spaniards in 1637. and though it has been twice besieged by them yet they never could retake it At this place K. Charles II. continued some time in 1660. and receiv'd the welcome News of his Restitution And in 1667. after a bloody War of three Years continuance here was a Peace concluded between the English and Dutch It lies eight Leagues from Antwerp to the North. Brederode a Castle near Harlem in Holland giving its Name to an antient Family Bregentz a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon a River so named It sustains the Title of an Earldom Brefort Bredefort or Bredervoerde a Town in the County of Zutphen in Guelderland in a marshy Place strengthned with a Castle near a Canal which joyns the Issel two Leagues from Grol and Aanholt The Prince of Orange took it by Storm in 1597. Brema a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the East-Indies towards the States of Pegu. It is a rich Country and makes a puissant Prince who resides either at Brema or Carpa Brembo a River in the Bergamasco in Italy giving Name to the Valley of Brembo It springs about the Frontiers of the Valtoline and embraces the Adda a little below Bergamo Bremefurde a Town in the Dutchy of Bremen in the lower Circle of Saxony The ordinary Residence of the Governor of that Dutchy under the King of Sweden Bremen Brema is a very potent City in the lower Circle of Saxony in Germany made more renowned by an Archbishops See instead of Hamburg It stands upon the River Wiser Visurgis a Free Town and under no Prince with a small Territory about it call'd Stift van Bremen Tho the Swedes have many Pretences upon this Place on the Account of the Dukedom of Bremen yet they still maintain their Freedom The Archbishops have embraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1585. This City was declar'd an Imperial Free City by Ferdinando III. Anno 1646. It stands 12 German Miles from Hamburg to the South-West In Long. 40. 17. and Lat. 53. 25. First Wall'd in 1309. The Archbishop never had any Sovereignty here This Town was besieged by the Swedes in 1666. forty six Days and at last rescu'd by the Interposition of the German Princes The Dukedom of Bremen which belonged heretofore to the Archbishop was in 1648. yielded to the Swedes It has the River Albis or the Elb to the North the Weser to the South the Dukedom of Lunenburg to the East and on the West the Dukedom of Oldenburg Bremgarten Bremocartum a Bailywick in Switzerland belonging to eight of the antient Cantons Bullinger the Apocalyptick Minister was born here Brene or Breine-Aleu a small Town in Brabant in the Low-Countries with a Castle 2 or 3 Leagues from Brussels Brene-le-Comte a little Town in Hainault near Mons. Brene sur le Vesle See Brayne § Also a District within the Province of Touraine in France in the Diocese of Bourges Gregory of Tours was accused in a Council here in 581. or 83. for saying that Queen Fredegonde had secret commerce with the Archbishop of Bourdeaux but he was acquitted Brenta
Sarepta and three from Tyre The modern Name of this is Valonia Eleutheropolis an ancient City of the Tribe of Juda in Palestine eight Miles from Hebron to the West and twenty from Jerusalem by the Way of Gaza S. Jerom takes the Distances of divers Places from this as from one of particular Note Elgin a small City in the County of Murray in Scotland upon the River Lossie three Miles from the Coasts of the German Ocean It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews Elham or Eltham a Market-Town in Kent in Shepway Lath Honoured heretofore with a Palace Royal now well inhabited being pleasantly seated amongst Woods on the Side of a Hill Elis A Country of the ancient Peloponnesus betwixt Achaia Messene and Arcadia so particularly consecrated in those times to Jupiter whose Temple and Statue here were numbered amongst the Wonders of the World that it was looked upon as Sacrilege to attack it Only the Lacedemonians Arcadians and Romans were not so scrupulous to observe the Conceit Before this Country submitted to the Romans or was governed by a Magistracy of its own it had the Honour to be a Kingdom The Rivers Alpheus and Acheron the Mountain Peneus the Olympick Games in Honour of Jupiter and Juno the Cities Elis Pisa or Olympia Cyllene c. contributed to spread its Fame in ancient History It s modern Name is Belvedore See Belvedore Ell or Elle Elcebus a Town of Germany in the lower Alsatia upon the River Ill three Leagues from Schlestad and something more than one from Strasbourgh Ellesmere a Market-Town in the County of Salop in the Hundred of Pimhill near the Borders of VVales The Earl of Bridgwater is Baron of this Place Elna Helena a small City in Catalonia in the County of Roussillon heretofore a Bishop's See upon a small River two Miles South of Perpignan and the same from the Mediterranean The Bishoprick was removed to Perpignan in 1604. by Clement VIII The Town was taken by the French from the Spaniard in 1640. Very small called anciently Illiberis in which was Hellen Castle where those of Magnentius his Party slew Constans the Eldest Son of Constantine The River that falls by it is Tech. Elsass See Alsatia Elsenore Elsenora by the Danes Helsignor is a Town in the Island of Zeeland five German Miles from Copenhagen to the West It has a large and a safe Haven near the Mouth of the Sound and a Castle to command the Streights of the Sound Elsingbourgh Elsingborch a Town on the opposite Shoar over against Cronenburgh in Scania which heretofore was under the Crown of Denmark but by the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. resigned to the King of Sweden It stands three German Miles from Landskroon to the West Christopher of Bavaria King of Denmark died here in 1448. The Danes took it in 1676. but they return'd it to the Swedes again the year after Eltor Eilan or Heilan Aelana Aila Sur Taurus a City of Arabia Petraea upon the Red-Sea North of Madian and over against Dacata in Aegypt It has a Castle on a Rock by it which always keeps a Turkish Garrison against the Arabians Elvas Helva a City of Portugal in the Province of Alentejo called Yelves by them of Castile it stands upon the River Guadiana fourteen Miles from Merida to the West and twenty nine from Sevil to the North. This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Evora well fortified and has belonging to it a strong Castle The Spaniards in 1659. besieged it to their great loss being here routed by the Portuguese Paul IV. in 1555. raised it to the Honor of a Bishoprick The Cathedral Church was built by the Moors for a Mosque Elvino a Fountain near Aquino a City of the Terra di Lavoro in the Kindom of Naples Elvira Eliberis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Granada in Spain ruined and its Episcopal See transferred to Granada the Nova Illiberis which has risen by its fall This City is famous in Ecclesiastical History for a Council assembled at it about the year 305. Two of the Canons thereof being much insisted on in Disputes the one forbidding Images the other the Marriage of the Clergy Elwang Elwanga Elephaniacum a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the River Jagst in the Confines of Franconia near the Territory of Onold five German Miles from Rotenburgh upon the Tubar to the South and nine from Vlm to to the North. The Capital of a Noble Government the Governor being one of the Princes of the Empire and it has a Castle near the City in which he resides This Territory is called by the Germans Stife Elwang Elway a small River which riseth in Denbighshire in VVales and falleth into the Cluyd a little beneath S. Asaph Ely Helia a City and Bishoprck in Cambridgeshire in an Island of the Name surrounded on all sides by Fens and Marshes yet here was anciently one of the richest Monasteries of England The See was taken out of that of Lincoln and constituted by Henry I. in 1109. Hervey Bishop of Bangor being the first Bishop of it The Monastery out of which the Bishoprick sprung was Founded by Etheldreda Wife to Egfred King of Northumberland and was at first a Nunnery The Danes having ruined this Foundation Ethelwold Bishop of VVinchester refounded it and stock'd it with Monks The Cathedral was a Work of Time built by Parts great and beautiful though the Town of Ely is not great nor the Air healthful The Bishop of this See had heretofore Palatine Rights which were taken off by 27. H. 8. c. 25. But yet the Revenue is great and the Bishops of it have been in great Esteem and much employed The present is the forty third Bishop of this Diocese Elymi an ancient People that dwelt about the Mountains and high Grounds of the Island of Sicily remembred in History upon the Account of their being the Allies of the Carthaginians Elysii Campi Elysium the Poets Paradise a large and delicious Plain of Baeotia in Greece covered with Flowers and every way agreeable to the Pleasures of the Senses Elysii Helisii Lysii the ancient People of the Province of Silesia in Bohemia mentioned by Tacitus Embden Amasia Emda a German City in the Circle of VVestphalia anciently called Amasia or Amisia as Cluverius saith from the River Ems Amasius upon which it standeth with a large deep Port defended by a Castle It is the Capital of East-Friesland which is from this City often called the Principality of Embden not great but strong and well fortified The Trade or People here are neither of them considerable the Hollanders having sometime since possessed themselves of it It stands fifteen Miles from Bremen to the South-West and seven from Groningen to the North. Emboli Empoli Amphipolis Christopolis an Archiepiscopal City in Macedonia under the Patriarch of Constantinople upon the Confines of Macedonia and Thrace Seated upon the Bay and River of Strimon which did almost surround
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German
and Forli to the South twenty Miles from Ravenna to the West It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope only famous for Earthen Ware The French call it Faience Faience Faventia a small City in Provence in France upon the River Benzon three Leagues from Grasse to the West and six from the Mediterranean Sea The Bishops of Frejus are Lords of it The French call Faenza in Italy Faience Faire-Foreland Robodigum the most North-East Country of Ireland in the County of Antrim in the Province of Vlster Faire-Isle a Rock in the Caledonian Sea between the Orkneys and Shetland in which is the Castle Dumo Fairford a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Brittlesbarrough Fakenham a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Gallow. Falaise Fallesia Falesia a Town in Normandy upon the River Ante which falls into the Dive at Morteaux seven Leagues from Caen to the South and four from Argentan to the North-West The principal Seat and Garrison of the first Dukes of Normandy William the Conqueror Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy was born here This Place was taken by the English from the French in 1417. There is now a round high Tower standing in it Cape Falcon a Promontory West of Oran in Barbary Falconara Assinarius a River of Sicily It flows by the Town of Noto and falls into the Ionian Sea between the Cape of Passaro Pachynum and the City of Syracuse ten Miles from the Cape to the North and twenty five from the City to the South This River is made famous by the Defeat of the Athenian Forces here by the Syracusans in the Year of the World 3537. which Victory being gained by the Assistance of the Lacedemonians they took the Advantage of it and at last in 3546. took Athens under Lysander Faleria Faleris a ruined City of the Province of Tuscany in Italy mentioned by the Ancients The Episcopal See which it possessed formerly was transferred to Civita Castellana a City built nigh the Ruins of this Falernus a Mountain of Campagna di Roma in Italy famous for the excellent Wines growing upon it which animated the ancient Poets so often to sing its Praises Falisci an ancient People of Hetruria in Italy who made War a considerable time with the Romans their Neighbours till reduced by Camillus in the Year of Rome 360. They are said to have come hither out of Macedonia The Capital of their Dominions was the ancient Faleria Falkenburg or Valkenburg a small Town in Brabant upon the River Geule two Leagues from Maestricht to the East and four from Aquisgrane It was under the Dominion of the Hollanders till 1672. when it was taken by the French and dismantled But in 1678. returned under them again with Maestricht This Town is called by the French Fauquemont and in Antoninus his Itinerary Coriovallum Falkland a small Town in Scotland in the County of Fife beautified with an ancient Retiring House of their Kings and very commodious for the Pleasure of Hunting Fallekoping or Falcoping Falcopia a Town in the Province of Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden five or six Leagues from Scaren Falmouth Voluba a noble Haven on the South of Cornwal as great as Brundusium in Italy and as safe an hundred Ships may ride in it out of sight each of other secured by two Castles at its entrance built by Henry VIII In 1664. Charles II. Created Charles Lord Barkley Earl of Falmouth who was slain at Sea June 2. 1665. George Fitz-Roy now Duke and Earl of Northumberland was Created Vicount Falmouth by the same Prince Octob. 1. 1673. The old Roman Town Voluba from which it had its name is now totally ruined and gone it stood higher up into the Land upon the River Valle over against Tregony Falster Falstria Insula Dianae an Island in the Baltick Sea on the South of the Isle of Zeeland from which it is parted only by a narrow Channel called Groene-Sund It has one Town call'd Nykoping and gives name to a good Family in Denmark Faluga-diabete a small Island belonging to Sardinia on the West of that Island Famagosta Fama Augusta called by the French Famagouste is a very strong City in the Island of Cyprus on the Eastern Shoar which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Nicosia and was of old called Arsinoe This City has a large and a safe Port And was taken by the Genouese in 1370. By the Venetians about 1470. and by the Turks from the Venetians in the Year 1571. after a Siege of ten Months Famar or Fanar a Town at the Entrance of the Black Sea in Thrace four German Miles North of Constantinople Famar Arietis Frons Criumetopon the most Southern Cape of the Little or Krim Tartary Tanricia which lies an hundred and fifty Miles from Constantinople to the North-East Famastro Amastrus a City upon the Euxine or White Sea upon the East Side of the River Dolap fifty Miles from Scutari East and the same from Amasia North-West It grew up out of the Ruins of four neighbouring Cities to a vast greatness Fanar Acheron a River and Town of Epirus Fanari-Kiosc a Royal Pleasure House belonging to the Grand-Seignior one League Distant from Constantinople and Galata at the Entrance of the Streights of Constantinople near the Port of Chalcedon in Natolia Built by Solyman II. Vessels arriving upon this Coast by Night are lightned by a Fanal from hence Fano Fanum Fortunae an Episcopal City in the States of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino but not of it twenty Miles from Vrbino to the East and thirty seven from Ancona to the North. This was the Country of Clement VIII his Father a Florentine living here as an Exile The Temple of Fortune which the Romans built in Memory of their Victory over Asdrubal the Brother of Hannibal in the Year of Rome 547. wherein they slew Asdrubal himself with 50000 Men did stand near this City Fanshere a River in the Island of Madagascar Fantin a small Kingdom in Guiney in Africa where the English and Dutch have some Castles Fanu an Island near Corfu to the North-West Fara Pharan a City and Mountain in the Stony Arabia upon the Red-Sea twenty Miles from Sues South and from Eltor North over against Dacata in Aegypt Farfar Fabris a small River in the State of the Church It riseth near a Castle called Capo Farfar and running to the North-East it watereth a Monastery of the same Name then falls into the Tibur § Farfar Farfaro Fer Orontes a River of Syria which ariseth from Mount Libanus and running Northward it watereth Apamia and the great Antioch then falls into the Mediterranean Farham a Market-Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Faribo Helicon Haliarkmon one of the most considerable Rivers of Macedonia which rising out of the Mountains of Albania and traversing the whole breadth of that Kingdom from thence falls into the Bay
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
between the British Sea to the West the Garonne to the North and East and Spain to the South and was the ancient Aquitania and afterwards Novempopulonia that is the third part properly of the antient Aquitania in the division of the Emperour Augustus corrected by Adrian See Aquitaine It had this Name from the Gascoignes or Vascones a Spanish People which setled here and were Conquered by Theodebert and Theodorick Kings of France at last totally subdued by Dagobert another King of that Nation but ascribed by the Chronologers to Aribert a Contemporary King in 634. This Name is sometimes taken for all Gascony or the Generalité de Guienne or de Bourdeaux divided at present into eleven Parts Bourdelois Bazadois Condomois Armagnac Bearn Gascogne Basques Bigorre Comminges Baionne and Albret This Country for a long time belonged to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine It came in 1152. to Henry II. King of England in the Right of Eleanor his Wife Though King John was adjudged to have forfeited this and all his other Dominions in France by the pretended Murther of Arthur whereupon the French entered and in 1203. and 1204. Conquered Main Angiers and Normandy King John's Subjects not well agreeing with him yet in 1206. he made one Expedition to Rochel and took Mount Alban whereby he preserved Gascony And though his Son lost Rochel to the French in 1224. yet in 1225. by his Brother Richard Earl of Cornwal he reduced the Rebellious Gascoignes to Obedience and in 1242. attempted to recover Poictou but with no good success In 1259. for a Sum of Money given him by Lewis IX he resigned Normandy Main and Anjou reserving to himself Gascony Limosin and Aquitain in consideration whereof he was to have fifty thousands Crowns and from henceforward they were stiled Dukes of Guienne in the Possession of this the Kings of England continued till the twenty ninth Year of the Reign of Henry VI. which was the Year of our Lord 1452. when the Weakness of that Prince and the good Fortune of Charles VII deprived the English of all their Possessions in France ever since which time Gascony has been in the hands of the French It is observed as the French change the Letters V and W into G in the words Galles for Wales and Gascoigne for Vasconia so particularly the Gascoigners interchange the Letters V and B with one another in giving the same pronunciation to both Therefore says Joseph Scaliger of them Foelices populi quibus bibere est vivere Gastinois Vostinum a Territory in the Isle of France towards la Beauce between the Rivers of Estampes and Vernison to the West the River Yonne which separates it from Senonois on the East and the Territory of Puysaie and Auxerrois to the South The principal Town is Montargis thirteen Miles South of Paris Gath a City of Palestine upon the Frontiers of the Tribe of Juda towards the Syrian Sea seated on a hill It was one of the five Satrapies of the Philistines and the birth place of Goliah Gattinara a Town in the Principality of Piedmont advanced to the dignity of an Earldom by the Emperor Charles V. Gatton an ancient Borough Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Reygate which elects two Members of Parliament Roman Coyns have been often digged up here Le Gave de Oleron Gabarus Oloronensis a River of Bearn which ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills from two Springs le Gave de Aspe to the West and le Gave de Osseau to the East which unite at the City of Oleron in Bearn and running Westward beneath Sauveterre it takes in from the South le Gave del Saison which comes from Mauleon beneath which it falls into le Gave de Pau a River of Aquitain which arising in Bigorre more East than the former but out of the Pyrenean Hills also at a Place called Bains de Bareâ—ge and running North-West by Pau in Bearn as far as Ourtes turns Westward and taking in Gave de Oleron falls into the Adour less than five Miles beneath Dax and four above Baionne to the East Gavot a small Territory in Vallais or Wallisserlandt one of the Suisse Cantons Comte de Gaure a County of France in Aquitaine in Armaignac between Lomagne Gimont and Condom the principal Town in it is Verdun four Miles from Tolouse to the North and about eight from Aux to the East Gaures Ghiaours or Ghiabers a numerous People dispersed about the Indies and the Kingdom of Persia in the Provinces particularly of Kherman where stands their principal Temple and Hyerach of a different Institution in Religion from all the World besides following the Scriptures of one Ebrahim zer Ateucht a Prophet pretended before the time of Alexander the Great and as tho they retained something of the old Religion of the Persians they have such a Veneration for Fire especially what the Priest consecrates that they take the most solemn Oaths before it The Persian Proverb upon these People it A Ghiaber may worship the Fire a hundred years yet if he falls into it but once it will certainly burn him Gazara Gaza a City of Palestine in Asia which belonged anciently to the Tribe of Judah as appears by the Sacred Scriptures it was the fifth Satrapy of the Philistines seated near the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea on the Confines of Idumaea towards Egypt Conquered by Judah Judg. 1. 18. but not long enjoyed Made famous by Samson Pharaoh King of Egypt gave it a second Name Gen. xlvii 1. Alexander the Great totally ruined it In the times of the Machabees a new Gaza arose which in those of Christianity was made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Caesarea The Grecians finding Gaza signified a Treasury in the Persian Tongue thought the Persians under Cambyses had given it this name Alexander the son of Aristobulus took the New Gaza and demolished it but no Alexander could so ruine this City but it would recover again Augustus annexed this Gazara and Hippon to Syria and in the time of Constantine the Great it was called Constantia from a Sister of that Prince The Saracens possessed themselves of it in the year of our Lord 633. three years before they took Jerusalem by whom it is now called Gaza Gazara and Aza Here our Authors divide as to its present State Baudrand saith it is little yet divided into two parts the Upper and Lower and that it has a Prince of its own though he is subject to the Turks called the Emir or Pacha de Gaza who is Master of it and the Neighbouring Country but Jo. Bunon saith it is great and twice as big as Jerusalem This City had a Port called Majuma Our Sandys in his Travels lib. 3. p. 116. saith it is seated upon a Hill environed with Valleys and those again well nigh inclosed with Hills most of them planted with all sorts of delicate Fruits the Buildings mean both for Form and Matter the best of rough Stone arched within and flat
Title of a Dukedom This City lies seven Leagues from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the West eight from the Borders of France fourteen from Perpignan to the South and sixteen from Barcelona to the North. A Spanish Council was held at it in 517. Gisborn a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Stancliff Gisborough a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langburgh situated in a pleasant Flat between Mulgrave and the River Tees and heretofore enriched with an Abbey This is the first place where Allum was made in England Gisors Caesortium Caesarotium and Gisorium an ancient Town in Normandy mentioned by Antoninus the Capital of le Vexin Normand a Territory in this Province which lies upon the River Epte sixteen Leagues from Paris to the West and ten from Roan to the North-East It has given the Title of an Earl for many Ages past About the year 1188. Henry I. King of England and Philip the August King of France had an Enterview betwixt this place and Trie after the news of the taking of Jerusalem by Saladine wherein they agreed upon a Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land again and to lay aside their differences with one another till they had performed it Givaudan or Gevaudan Gabali a Territory in Languedoc the Capital of which is Mende it lies between Auvergne to the North Rovergne to the West the Lower Languedoc to the South and Vivarais and Velay to the East Placed in the Mountains of Sevennes and very subject to Snow yet not unfruitful near the sourse of the Allier the Lot Olda and the Tarn Mende the principal City lies twenty five Leagues from Lyon to the South West and Baignol the next to Mende in greatness lies about six Miles South of it This was the Country of the ancient people called Gabales It now gives the Title of Earl to the Bishops of Mende and was first united to the Crown of France in 1271. being heretofore under its own Counts The Huguenots ravaged it much in the last Age. Giulap Chaboras Chobar a River and City of Mesopotamia The River ariseth from Mount Masius in the Confines of the Greater Arabia and running Southward through Mesopotamia falls into the River Euphrates at Al Thabur which last City it seems is by some called Giulap The River is the same that passeth by Caramit the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia and in the latter Maps is called Soaid supposed to be the River Chobar mentioned by Ezekiel the Prophet See Chaibar Giulia Julia a City of Transylvania between the Rivers of Sebekeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake Zarkad seven German Miles South of Great Waradin upon the Frontiers of Transylvania in the Hands of the Turk whose Ancestors conquered it in 1566. Some Authors believe this to be the same place with the Ziridava of the Ancients Giulich a Branch of Mount Taurus in Cilicia Giulick See Juliers Giustandil Acrys Justiniana Prima Lychnidus Tauresium a City of Macedonia commonly by the Christians called Locrida standing on the Confines of Albania upon the Lake Pelioum out of which the River riseth that watereth Albanopoli This City was the Birth-place of that Great Prince Justinian the Emperour and from him had the Name of Justiniana even now it is a great and populous City and an Archbishops See it stands upon an high Hill eighty Miles from Durazzo to the East Glamorganshire Glamorgania Morganucia one of the twelve Counties of Wales has on the South the Severn Sea on the East Monmouthshire on the North Brecknockshire and on the West Caermarthenshire the North part being Mountainous is barren and unpleasant the South side descending by degrees spreads it self into a fruitful Plain which is filled with Towns The principal City of this County is Landaff There is in this County one hundred and eighteen Parishes The Earldom was granted to Edward Somerset Lord Herbert of Chepstow c. by Charles I. in 1645. the Father of Henry Duke of Beaufort in which most Loyal and most Noble Family it now is Glan Clanes a River in Bavaria which now falls into the Danube Glandeves Glandeva Glannata Glannatica a ruined City in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes near the River Var giving Name to an Honourable Family in Province and formerly dignified with the Title of an Earldom The continual Inundations of the River Var obliged the Inhabitants to desert it about eight hundred years ago who settled at Entrevaux at the distance of a quarter of a League from it whether they removed also the Episcopal See of Glandeves which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Ambrun Glanfordbridge or Glamford a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Yarborough Glanio Clanius Liris a River in Italy now frequently called L'Agno See Agno Glarys Calarona Glarona a Town in Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton seated in a Valley of the same Name upon the River Sarneff amongst very high Hills called Glarnischberg eighteen Miles from Altorf to the South-East and as many from Schwits to the North-East This is so great populous and strong that it may compare with most Cities The Plain upon which it stands lies by the River Limat about three German Miles in length being fensed on three sides by the towring Alpes having on the South and East the Grisons on the West the Canton Von Vry and Schwits and on the North the River Limat which parts it from the Grisons This is one of the lesser Cantons and the eighth in number Of old subject to the Monastery of Secon which had the Tythes and some certain Rents but the Inhabitants were otherwise free of all Exactions Taxes and Tolls and governed by a Senate chosen out of themselves by their own Laws and Customs only the Abbess of the Monastery chose the Senators and the Emperor was Advocate of the Monastery which Right being consigned by Fredericus Aenobarbus to Otho Palatine of Burgundy came to the House of Hapspurgh and by the latter to Albert Son of Rodolphus I. who attempting to change these Methods of Government this Canton in 1351. revolted and was received into the League of the Cantons and in 1386. gave the Austrians a fatal overthrow Zuinglius about 1515. preaching here against the Church of Rome many of the Inhabitants imbraced the Reformed Religion the rest persisting in the Roman and so it stands at this day Glas Nanaeus a River in Scotland the same with Strachnavern Glascow Glasquo Glascum a City in the West of Scotland upon the River Cluyd Glotta sixteen Miles from the Western Shoar This was very anciently a Bishops See but discontinued till King William of Scotland restored it now an Archbishops See and an University which was opened by Turnbull a Bishop who in 1554. built a College here and it is now the best place of Trade in this part of Scotland having a delightful situation excellent Apples and a Bridge of eight Arches over the
Cluyd Glastenbury Glasconia Avalonia a very ancient and famous Abbey in the Isle of Avalon in Sommersetshire upon the River Parret which is said to have been built or begun by Joseph of Arimathea the Apostle of the Britains under the Reign of Nero the Emperour and Arviragus King of the Brittains according to Gildas and therefore honoured above all other places in this Nation The first small Cell failing Devi Bishop of S. David's erected a new one in the same place But Ina King of the West Saxons who began his Reign in 689. and reigned thirty eight years was its lasting and most beautiful Founder who about 7 8. erected here a very fair and stately Church in which time it was a kind of School or Seminary but managed by Secular Priests Dunstan brought in the Benedictine Monks about 970. under these the place thrived wonderfully and became a small City incompassed with a strong Wall of a Mile about and replenished with stately buildings they had a Revenue of 3508 l. per annum when Henry VIII put an end to all their Greatness In this place in the Reign of Henry II. between two Pyramids was found the Tomb of King Arthur the famous Prince of the Britains which is a very great Indication of the Antiquity of this Place if there were no other The Body lay very deep in the Earth with an Inscription in Latin upon a Leaden Cross expressing it was King Arthur who was there buried in the Island of Avalon It is certain the Brittains made this place sometime their Retreat from the harrassment of the Pagan conquering Saxons Glatz or Gladscow Clacium Glotium Glatium a a City of Bohemia and the Capital of a County of the same Name seated upon the River Neis which runs through Silesia and beneath Guben falls into the Oder near the Mountains of Fictelberg twenty one German Miles from Prague to the East and fifteen from Olmutz to the North it is a small City built at the foot of an Hill and has a strong Castle in it Dubravius saith it belonged heretofore to Silesia The chief Town in it is Haberswerd Glencarn Carbantorigum an Earldom in Nidisdale in Scotland belonging for a long time to the Cuninghams a great Family in that Nation Glendelagh Glendelachum once a City now a Village in the County of Dublin also once a Bishops See but now united to the Bishoprick of Dublin This Name is written Glandeloure and Glandilaâ—ge Glenluz Bay Clenâ—ucensis Sinus the Bay or Arm of the Sea which divides Ireland from Galloway in Scotland Glinbotin Planina Scardus a Mountain in the Eastern Confines of Macedonia towards Albania out of which springs the River Drin Globiokeu a Town in Lithuania made famous by a great Defeat of the Moscovites by the Poles in 1661. in which the former lost twelve thousand Men and all their Cannon and Carriages Gloneck a River of Bavaria near Tyrol Gloucester Claudia Claudia Castra Clevum Glovernum a very ancient City in a County of the same Name in the West of England called Glevum by Antoninus being a Roman Colony designed for the curbing the Silures a Warlike British Clan It lies on the East side of the Severn and where it is not secured by that River has in some places a very strong Wall and is a neat and populous City with twelve Parish Churches standing in it besides the Cathedral on the South side it had a fine Castle built of square Stone which is now ruined Ceaulin King of the West Saxons about 570. was the first that conquered it from the Britans About 878. it fell into the hands of the Danes who miserably defaced it Soon after this Aldred Archbishop of York built the Cathedral to which belongs now a Dean and six Prebends In this Church Edward II. was buried and not far from him Robert the eldest Son of William the Conquerour two unfortunate Princes In the Barons Wars under Edward I. and Henry III. it suffered very much Richard III. sometime Duke of Gloucester made this City a County Corporate Henry VIII settled here a Bishops See in 1540. the first Bishop of which was Dr. John Chambers from whom the present Bishop is the fourteenth in number Geofry of Monmouth had been Bishop of the See before but it was suppressed in after times and now again revived This City falling at first into the hands of the Rebels in our former Troubles was besieged Aug. 10. 1643. by the Kings Forces the eighteenth the King came in Person to the Leaguer but Essex coming up Sept. 10. the Seige was raised and for ought I can find it continued in their hands till the Restitution of Charles II. § Gloucestershire was the chief Seat of the Dobuni on the West it butteth upon Monmonmouthshire and Herefordshire on the North upon Worcestershire on the East upon Warwickshire and on the South upon Wiltshire and Somersetshire from which last it is parted by the River Avon a pleasant and fruitful Country stretching in length from North-East to South-West the Eastern part swells up into Hills called Cotteswold the middle part sinks into a fertile Plain watered by the Severn the Western side is much covered with Woods In the times of William of Malmsbury the Vales in this County were filled with Vineyards which are now turned into Orchards and implyed in Cyder the true and natural English Wine The Honour or Dukedom which belongs to this County is annexed to the Royal Family Henry the Third Son to Charles the Martyr was intituled Duke of Gloucester in 1641. Created so May 13. 1659. and died September 13. 1660. a Prince of great Hope and Constancy Glogaw the Greater Glogavia Glosgavia a City of Silesia in Bohemia upon the River Oder which is very well fortified and has a strong Castle the Capital of the Dukedom of Glogaw about two German Miles from the Borders of Poland and fifteen from Breslaw to the North and from Sagan to the East seven This City was taken by the Swedes in 1647. Maly or Klein Glogaw the Lesser Glogaw stands upon the same River in the Dukedom of Oppelen four Miles from Oppelen East ten from Glatz East and thirty from the Great Glogaw South Gluckstad Gluâ—stadium Fanum Fortunae as the Name imports a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Holstein upon the Elbe in Stormaria placed at the confluence of the Elbe and the Stoer It was raised and fortified by Christian IV. King of Denmark in 1620. and belongs now to that Crown It stands six Miles beneath Hamburgh to the West Gluchsbourg Glucsburgum a small Town in Denmark from which the Dukes of Holstein have their Title of Glucksbourg or Luxbourg It stands in the East part of the Dukedom of Sleswick near Flentsburgh from which it lies but one German Mile to the East upon a Bay of the Baltick Sea towards the Isle of Alsen Glycynero Athyras L'Acqua Dolce a River of Thrace which ariseth near Byzia Bilzier or Visa a City of Thrace
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
built before the Birth of our Saviour being a City in the times of Drusus General to Augustus Florus lib. 4. In 745. it was made an Archbishops See instead of Wormes to which it was a Suffragan See before It was very severely treated by Frederick Aenobarbus the Emperor in 1158. But rebuilt and restored by Otho IV. In 1462. it was taken October 27. by Adolphus Nassaw its Bishop and whereas before it was Imperial and Free it has been ever since subject to its own Archbishops There was an University opened here in 1482. Others say in 1461. Gustavus Adolphus entred this place in Triumph December 14. 1631. In 1635. it was retaken from the Swedes but the next year they again took it and kept it till the Peace of Munster It claims also the invention of Printing about 1430. A strong place and well guarded saith Dr. Brown has many Churches and Monasteries and some fair Buildings especially those of Publick Concern but the narrowness of the Streets and many old Houses take away much from the Beauty of it It is most extended towards the River and that part excels the other also towards the Land as being more populous and better built It paid to the King of Sweden as a Ransom above an hundred thousand Dollers which shews its Wealth This Prince built a Bridge over the Main here and another over the Rhine partly upon Piles of Wood partly upon Boats the first of these is taken away but the latter is continued still The Archbishop is Arch-Chancellor of the Empire and the first of the Electoral College in all publick Conventions he sits at the Right Hand of the Emperor and is the Successor of Boniface an Englishman who very much promoted the Christian Faith in these parts This City received a French Garrison in October 1688. Surrendred again to the Consederate Forces Sept. 11. 1689. after a Siege of six or seven Weeks § The Electorate of Mentz Moguntina Ditio called by the Inhabitants Maintzische by the Germans das Churfurstenthumb bon Mayntz is a small Province in the Lower Circle of the Rhine under the Dominion of this Archbishop stretching from East to West between the Territories of Weteraw and Westerwalt to the North and the Lower Palatinate to the South The bounds cannot be exactly stated because the Dominions belonging to this Bishoprick lye dispersed in Franconia and the other Circles and render this Elector the less considerable Dr. Heylyn observes that a Bishop of Mentz subscribed in the Council of Colen in 347. So that this Bishoprick was only Refounded in 745 after the barbarous Nations had extirpated Christianity here Dr. Brown saith the Soil of this Country is fertile abounds with all sorts of Provisions and excellent Wines So that his Revenue will afford him six or seven thousand Crowns a year Meppen Meppa a City in Westphalia in the Bishoprick of Munster upon the River Hase which falls into the Emes a little below Lingen eleven Miles from Emden to the South and thirteen from Munster to the North. Merch. See March Mercia a great and inland Kingdom in the old Heptarchy of the Saxons in England which contained Gloucester Worcester Hereford Stafford Darby Nottingham Leicester Rutland Lincoln Huntingdom Northampton Warwick Salop Oxon Buckingham Bedford and Hartford Mercoeur a small Town in the Province of Anvergne in France upon an Ascent and a Rivulet falling afterwards into the Allier Charles IX advanced it to the dignity of a Principality in 1563 and into a Dukedom and Peerage of France in 1569. It gives name to a Family of Honour Metense Myndus a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Stauropolis Santa Croce It is even now the Capital of the Province and the Seat of a Turkish Governour 16 German Miles South of Ephesus upon the Archipelago and five West of Melasso From this City Caria is now called Menteseli by the Turks Merdin Marde a City of Assyria upon the River Tigris in the Confines of Mesopotamia which is now an Archbishop's See in the Province of Diarbeck in the Confines of the Greater Armenia twenty German Miles from Caramit to the East and thirty from Nisibin to the North. Long. 76 30. Lat. 36. 10. Mere a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of its Hundred Mergetheim a Town in Franconia in Germany made famous by a Defeat of Turin in 1645. It stands upon the River Goliach in the County of Werthaim four German Miles from Wurtzburgh to the South-West and nine from Hailbrun to the North-East Merhern the same with Moravia Merida Emerita Augusta a City in Portugal heretofore an Archbishop's See and the Seat of the Courts of Justice for the Province of Extremadura upon the River Guadiana twelve Miles above Badajox to the East fourteen from Alcantara to the South-East and twenty five from Sevil to the North. Now very small and in a declining condition only the Spaniards in whose hands it is have bestowed of late years something in Fortifying it against the Portuguese The Archbishop's See was removed hence in 1124. by Pope Calistus II. to S. Jago di Compostella In 1230. the Moors were driven from Merida Some Synods have been assembled here and some place it in New Castile in Spain § Also an Episcopal City in the Province of Jucatan in New Spain in America towards the Gulph of Mexico Meridiano the same with Lambro Merindol the Place of the Retreat of the Vaudois upon the Frontiers of the County of Venaissin in Provence which was put to Military Execution by order of Francis I. King of France and the Parliament of Aix with all its Houses Castles and People of the Reform'd Religion then in Rebellion in 1545. after the tryal in vain of other Courses to reduce them Merionethshire Mervinia is one of the twelve Shires in the Principality of Wales called by the Inhabitants Uerionethshire on the North it has Carnarvan and Denbigh on the East Montgomery the South Cardigan cut off by the River Dowy and on the West it is washed by the Irish Sea Extreamly Mountainous Barren unpleasant and exposed to raging Winds having nothing of value but Cattel This was the Seat of the Ordovices a British Clan It was not Conquered by the English till the Reign of Edward I. in 1283. In the Reign of Hen. IV. Owen Glendover drew this and all wales into a Combination against that Prince which might have ended in the loss of Wales under a less Martial Prince than he There is in this County no Town of Note Mern Mernis Marnia a County in the North-East part of Scotland bounded on the South-East by the German Ocean on the North-West by the County of Marr and on the South-West by Angus the chief Town of which is Fordun It is little and lies in the form of a Triangle Meroe a very great Island made by the River Nile in Aethiopia which has this name from the principal City in the Island It is now
the Hundred of Blithing near Southwould-bay adorned with a remarkable high and fair Church Waldhust Valdhusta a small City in the Province of Schwaben in Germany upon the Rhine in the Territory of Kâ—egow 7 German Miles from Basil to the East 5 from Schafhouse and 2 from Laâ—fenburgh Under the Emperor Wales Vallia is a Principality on the West of England Bounded on the West and North by the Irish Sea on the East by Cheshire Shrapshire Herefordshire and Monmouthshire this latter being a long time a part of it and on the South by the Severn Sea It contains twelve Shires Pembroke Caermarden Glamorgan Brecknock Radnor Cardigan Mountgomery Merioneth Denbigh Flint Caernarvon and Anglesey After many and those most bloody Wars this Principality was finally united for ever to the Crown of England by Edward I. in 1284. Prince Edward his eldest Son made Prince of Wales which Title to the Heir apparent of England still belongs The rest of its description is given in the proper places Wallingford a Market Town and Corporation in Berkshire in the Hundred of Moreton upon the River Thames here covered with a Bridge a famous place both in the Roman and Saxon times It is the antient Guallena the Seat of the Attrebatii a British Tribe and under the West-Saxons was the Capital Town of these parts being adorned with 12 Parish Churches a Castle of great strength and Walls which were a Mile in circuit The Tracts and Ruines of those Walls yet appear and part of the Castle together with one Church which declension from its pristine State was occasioned by a Plague in 1348. It retains the Honor of the Election of two Members to represent it in the lower House of Parliament Wallisserlandt Valinsa Vallesia a great Canton in Switzerland called by the French Vallais or Vallays by the Germans Wallisserlandt by the Italians Vallesia It extends from East to West between the Canton of Schwitz to the North and East the Dukedom of Milan and Aouste to the South and Savoy to the West The Capital of it is Sytten or Syon and the other principal Cities are Martigny and S. Maurice This Canton was united for ever to the rest in the general League in 1533. It s extent from East to West is almost 100 Miles its breadth between 15 and 30. The Religion here professed is the Roman Catholick for the maintenance of which the Bishop who is their Prince combined with the 7 Popish Cantons in 1572. It is a pleasant fruitful Valley abounding with Saffron Corn Wine and delicate Fruits enriched with Meadows and excellent Pastures surrounded every way with craggy and unpassable Rocks and Mountains which afford but one entrance into it and that defended by two Gates and a Castle These Mountains are at all times covered with Ice and Snow not to be passed by an Army nor easily by a single Person The Walloons the People of the Earldomes of Flanders and Artois in the Low Countries are commonly called by this Name Walsall a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Oâ—â—ow upon the top of a high Hill Walsham North a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Blowfield Walsingham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of N. Grenehoe Noted formerly for the Concourse of Pilgrims to two Wells called to this day the Virgin Mary's Wells and to the Chappel near them There was also formerly a College of Canons at this Town And the good Saffron it used to yield was no small addition to its Name Waltham-Abbey a Market Town in the County of Essex of great fame formerly for the Abbey it carries in its Name The Capital of its Hundred § Another in the County of Southampton for distinction called Waltham Bishops The Capital of its Hundred also Wana Vana a River of Croatia which watereth Vihitz and then falls into the Save above Gradiska in the Borders of Friuli Wandesworth a Town in the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Brixton upon the River Wandle Some numbers of French Protestants have setled here Wandesdike a large Trench or Dyke in Wiltshire Supposed by Mr. Cambden to be made by the West-Saxons for a Boundary to their Kingdom against the Mercians It lies in the midst of the County extended many Miles from East to West and saw many Battles fought betwixt those two Kingdoms Wang a small River in the County of Suffolk which riâ—eth in Westhall and running East watereth the Town of Wangford then falls into the Blithe a little above Southwould Wantage a Market and Thorough-fare Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Wanting Waradin Varadinum a great strong City of the Upper Hungary called by its Inhabitants Warad by the Germans Gross-Wardein to distinguish it from Petro Waradin in Sclavonia It stands upon the River Kerez in the Borders of Transylvania to which Principality of latter times it belonged and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza defended by a strong Castle In 1660. it was taken by the Turks before which the Crim Tartars took it in 1242. In 1290. Ladislans K. of Hungary built the Cathedral Church It was besieged by a puissant Army of the Turks in 1598. which miscarried But in 1660. they took it by surprise in a time of Peace On the East the Castle stands on the North the River runs it has a Wall with Ramparts after the modern way flanked with 5 Royal Bastions and a good regular Dike which may be filled upon occasion by the River Water within there is another inclosure of 5 Bastions and a high Wall which may serve instead of a Cittadel This City stands 22 Miles from Giula to the North 80 from Weissemburg to the West and 100 from Buda to the East Lately recovered by the Imperialists from the Turks after a long Blockade and Siege The Capital of a County of its own name Longit. 44. 56. Latit 47. 08. Warasdin Variana Varsdinum a City of Stiria Warburgh an Imperial and Hanseatique City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany Warczkovie more the Russian Name of the Baltick Sea Wardhus Vardhusia the North part of the Kingdom of Norway Bounded on the North by the frozen Sea on the East by the Russ Lapland on the West by Drontheim and on the South by the Swedish Lapland It has only one Town of its own Name and a few Villages of no value Under the King of Denmark Ware a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing upon the River Lea from whence a Channel of the New River Water is cut for serving of London Warfe a River in Yorkshire falling into the Are below Pontefract and into the Ouse below York Otley Wetherby and Tadcaster stand upon it Warham a Market Town and Corporation in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Winfrith situated at the fall of the Rivers Frome and Biddle into Luckford Lake to which it hath a Harbour defended formerly by a strong Wall and a Castle But as the two latter
Brentesia a River in the Dominion of the States of Venice in Italy Brent a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Stanborough Brentford the New a Market-Town in Middle-sex in the Hundred of Elthorn so called from the River Brent which falls into the Thames betwixt Henden and Hampsted Hills King Edgar assembled a Council here in 960. In 1016. King Edmund Ironfide obtained a Victory over the Danes at this Place which obliged them to raise the Siege of London And 1644. It was advanc'd to the Honour of an Earldom in the Person of Patrick Ruthen Earl of Forth in Scotland by King Charles I. Brescia Brixia call'd by the French Bresse by the Spaniards Brexa is a City in the Venetian Territories in Italy which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Milan aggrandized with the Title of a Duke Marquess and Earl The Capital of the County of Bresciano a large well fortified Place and has a very strong Castle upon a near Hill It lies between the Rivers of Gorza and Mela in a Plain 15 Miles from the Lake of Benaco to the West and 50 from Milan to the South-East built by the Senones and was once under the Dukes of Milan before it sell into the hands of the Venetians The County of Brescio has Verona to the East Bergamo to the West Cremona to the South and the Valtoline and the County of Tirol to the North. It is a great and fruitful Country Breslaw Budorgis Vratislavia Budorigum call'd by the Poles wroclaw is the Capital City of Silesia and of the Dukedom of Breslaw A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Gnisen in Poland great and well built and once a Free and Imperial City but it was afterwards exempted from the Empire and is now a kind of Free-State It stands on the River Oder towards the Confines of Poland Made a Bishop's See in 1033. About the Year 1000. it was built by Miceslaus Duke of Poland the Cathedral Church was built by Casimirus King of Poland in 1041. Near this place Boleslaus King of Poland was overthrown by Henry V. and forc'd to take an Oath of Allegiance This City lies 35 Miles from Cracow and 40 from Berlin Bresle a small River near Calais in France Bresne a small River near Tours in France Bresse Bressia Sebusiani Populi is a Province of France bounded on the East by Savoy on the West with Lionois on the North with Charolois in the Dutchy of Burgundy and some part of the Franche County and on the South with Dauphine It is a pleasant and fruitful Country and lies between the Soasne and the Rhone Bèllay and Bourg are its chief Towns It belong'd from the Year 1285. to the Dukes of Savoy till 1600. when it was surrendred to Henry IV. of France in lieu of Saluzzes a Marquisate in Italy Brest Brivates a very good Sea-Port in the Dukedom of Bretagne in France which as Scaliger saith was call'd Gesocribate by Ptolomy It lies on the most Western Coast of Bretagne about 50 Leagues from Nantes to the North-West This is the Magazine of the Admiralty of France situated upon the Ascent of a Hill and secured with New and Noble Fortifications both to the Sea and Land The Sea enters into the Gulph of Brest by 4 Ways and the Vessels there are always afloat § Also a Town in the Province of Cujavia in the Kingdom of Poland with a Castle well built in a Marshy Place near Vlaldislaw and the Vistula Here in the Years 1595. and 1620. two Councils were assembled for the Union of the Greek Church of Lithuania with the Latin § The same Name is given to a French Colony in New-France in America Brescici Bressicia call'd by the French Briescio is a small City in Lithuania the Capital of a Palatinate of the same Name It lies between Lithuania Russia and Polachia upon the Bug and has a tolerable good Castle Bresuire a small City in France in Poictou 3 Leagues from Parthenay and as many from Thuray Bretagne Armorica Britannia Minor is a Province of France 70 Leagues long and betwixt 35 and 40 broad containing 9 Bishopricks who are all Suffragans to the Archbishop of Tours In three of these that is Cornouaille S. Paul de Leon and Figuier the Inhabitants entirely speak Briton a Language the same in abundance of words with the Welsh in the other three to wit Nantes Vennes and S. Brieux they speak Briton and French mix'd yet the most ordinary Sort only Briton in the rest they speak all French It is bounded on the East with Normandy and the County of Maine on all other sides with the English Seas upon the South side it has the Loire which divides it from Anjou but yet the County of Raiz which belongs to Bretagne lies on the South side of that River between it and Poictou The Britains were first brought hither from England by Maximus in 389. To which a great Accession was made by the driving out the Britains by the Saxons They erected a Kingdom here in 485. I suppose after the coming of the second Saxon Colonies which lasted till 874. when a lesser Title was taken up with the same Power which continued till 1498. under 28 Dukes when Lewis XII married Anne the Daughter of Francis II. the last Duke of Bretagne who in 1484. had been married to Charles VIII K. of France before Francis I. of France succeeded in the Right of Claude his Wife whose Issue failing the Right fell to the Duke of Savoy but the French kept the Possession § New Bretagne a Province of New-France in America upon the Gulph of S. Lawrence Its Settlements are call'd Brest Belle Isle c. Brewood a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Cudleston The Bishops of this Diocese had their Palace here before the Conquest Bretevil a Town in High Normandy in France upon the River Iton Brianzon a City in the Dalphinate supposed to be one of the highest in the World It is the Capital of the Bailywick of Brainzonnois in Ptolomy call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Antoninus Brigantium in Am. Marcellinus Virgantia The Dure and the Ance the two Sources of the Durance unite below it The Castle stands upon the top of a Rock and is very strong Yet taken from the Leaguers by the Duke de Lesdiguieres in 1590. § Likewise a Village in Provence in the Diocese of Glandeves where they find Numbers of Medals with Inscriptions § And a Castle in the Territory of Tarantaise in Savoy upon the River Isere about 1 League below Moutiers with a Village of the same Name These two last mentioned Brianzon's are also call'd in Diminution Brianzonnet Briare a Town in the Dutchy of Orleans upon the River Loire where the Channel is cut for the Communication of the Loire and the River Seine In 1652. a Battle was fought here betwixt the Army of the King of France and that of the Princes The New Channel takes the same Name in Latin
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading