grandchild_n to_o john_n holland_n half-brother_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o side_v with_o lancaster_n against_o edward_n the_o four_o who_o sister_n be_v his_o wife_n be_v drive_v to_o such_o misery_n as_o philip_n comineus_n repot_v that_o he_o be_v see_v all_o tear_a and_o barefooted_a to_o beg_v his_o live_n in_o the_o low_a country_n and_o last_o his_o body_n be_v cast_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o kent_n as_o if_o he_o have_v perish_v by_o shipwreck_n so_o certain_a be_v fortune_n in_o her_o endowment_n and_o the_o state_n of_o man_n notwithstanding_o his_o great_a birth_n 9_o religious_a house_n in_o this_o shire_n build_v in_o devotion_n and_o for_o idolatry_n pull_v down_o be_v at_o excester_n torhay_n tanton_n tavestokes_n kirton_n hartland_n axminster_n and_o berstuble_v 10_o and_o the_o county_n division_n be_v part_v into_o thirty_o three_o hundred_o wherein_o be_v seat_v thirty_o seven_o market-town_n and_o three_o hundred_o ninety_o four_o parish-church_n cornwall_n cornwall_n chapter_n x._o cornwall_z as_o matthew_n of_o winchester_n affirm_v be_v so_o name_v partly_o from_o the_o form_n and_o partly_o from_o her_o people_n for_o shoot_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n like_o a_o horn_n which_o the_o britain_n call_n kâ—rne_n and_o inhabit_v by_o they_o who_o the_o saxon_n name_v wallia_fw-la of_o these_o two_o compound_a word_n it_o become_v cornwallia_n not_o to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o fable_n of_o corinnus_n cousin_n to_o king_n brute_n who_o in_o free_a gift_n receive_v this_o county_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o prowess_n for_o wrestle_v with_o the_o giant_n gogmagog_n and_o break_v his_o neck_n from_o the_o cliff_n of_o dover_n as_o he_o of_o monmouth_n have_v fabule_v 2_o touch_v the_o temperature_n of_o this_o county_n the_o air_n thereof_o be_v cleanse_v as_o with_o bellows_n by_o the_o billow_n that_o ever_o work_v from_o off_o her_o environ_v sea_n where_o through_o it_o become_v pure_a and_o subtle_a and_o be_v make_v thereby_o very_o healthful_a but_o withal_o so_o pierce_v and_o sharp_a that_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o preserve_v than_o to_o recover_v health_n the_o spring_n be_v not_o so_o early_o as_o in_o more_o eastern_a part_n yet_o the_o summer_n with_o a_o temperate_a heat_n recompense_v his_o â—low_a foster_a of_o the_o fruit_n with_o their_o most_o kind_o ripen_v the_o autumn_n bring_v a_o somewhat_o late_a harvest_n and_o the_o winter_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sea_n warm_a breath_n make_v the_o cold_a mild_a than_o elsewhere_o notwithstanding_o that_o country_n be_v much_o subject_n to_o stormy_a bâ—asts_n who_o violence_n have_v freedom_n from_o the_o open_a wave_n to_o beat_v upon_o the_o dweller_n at_o land_n leave_v many_o time_n their_o house_n uncover_v 3_o the_o soil_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v lift_v up_o into_o many_o hill_n part_v asunder_o with_o narrow_a and_o short_a valâ—â—es_n and_o a_o shallow_a earth_n do_v cover_v their_o outside_n which_o by_o a_o sea_n weed_v call_v orewood_n and_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o frâ—â—sul_n sea-sand_n they_o make_v so_o rank_a and_o batten_v as_o be_v uncredible_a but_o more_o be_v the_o riches_n that_o out_o of_o those_o hill_n be_v get_v from_o the_o mine_n of_o copper_n and_o tinn_n which_o country_n be_v the_o first_o and_o continue_v the_o best_a store_v in_o that_o merchandise_n of_o any_o in_o the_o world_n timaeus_n the_o historian_n in_o pliny_n report_v that_o the_o britain_n fetch_a their_n tinn_n in_o wicker_n boat_n stitch_v about_o with_o leather_n and_o diodorus_n siculus_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n time_n write_v that_o the_o britain_n in_o this_o part_n dig_v tin_n out_o of_o stony_a ground_n which_o by_o merchant_n be_v carry_v into_o gallia_n and_o thence_o to_o narborne_n as_o it_o be_v to_o a_o mart._n which_o howsoever_o the_o english_a saxon_n neglect_v yet_o the_o norman_n make_v great_a benefit_n thereof_o especial_o richard_n brother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o who_o be_v earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o by_o those_o tinn-work_n become_v exceed_o rich_a for_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o moor_n have_v stop_v up_o the_o tinn-mine_n in_o spain_n and_o they_o in_o germany_n not_o discover_v before_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1240._o these_o in_o cornwall_n supply_v the_o want_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n this_o earl_n make_v certain_a tinn-law_n which_o with_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n be_v confirm_v by_o earl_n edmund_n his_o son_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o commonweal_n of_o tinn-work_n from_o one_o body_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o and_o a_o lord_n warden_n of_o the_o stannier_n appoint_v their_o judge_n 4_o the_o border_n of_o this_o shire_n on_o all_o part_n but_o the_o east_n be_v bind_v in_o with_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v tame_a draw_v his_o course_n but_o four_o mile_n further_o to_o the_o north_n betwixt_o this_o county_n and_o devonshire_n it_o may_v have_v be_v rather_o account_v a_o island_n than_o stand_v with_o the_o main_n her_o length_n be_v from_o launston_n to_o the_o landsend_n contain_v by_o measure_n 60_o mile_n and_o the_o broad_a part_n stretch_v along_o by_o the_o tame_a be_v full_o forty_o lessen_v thence_o still_o lesser_o like_o a_o horn_n 5_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n know_v to_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o danmonii_n that_o spread_v themselves_o further_o into_o devon-shire_n also_o by_o the_o report_n of_o diodorus_n siculâ—â—_n a_o most_o courteous_a and_o civil_a people_n and_o by_o michael_n their_o poet_n extol_v for_o valour_n and_o strength_n of_o limb_n nor_o therein_o do_v he_o take_v the_o liberty_n that_o poet_n be_v allow_v to_o add_v to_o the_o subject_n whreof_o they_o write_v but_o true_o repot_v what_o we_o see_v by_o they_o perform_v who_o in_o activity_n surmount_v many_o other_o people_n when_o the_o heathen_a saxon_n have_v seat_v themselves_o in_o the_o best_a of_o this_o land_n and_o force_v the_o christian_a britain_n into_o these_o rocky_a part_n than_o do_v cornwall_n abound_v in_o saint_n unto_o who_o honour_n most_o of_o the_o church_n be_v erect_v by_o who_o name_n they_o be_v yet_o know_v and_o call_v to_o speak_v nothing_o of_o visula_n that_o counties_n duke_n daughter_n with_o her_o company_n of_o canonize_a virgin-saint_n that_o be_v now_o repute_v but_o to_o trouble_v the_o calendar_n these_o britain_n in_o cornwall_n so_o fence_v the_o country_n and_o defend_v themselves_o that_o to_o the_o reign_n of_o athelstaâ—e_n they_o hold_v out_o against_o the_o saxon_n who_o subdue_a those_o western_a part_n make_v tame_a the_o bounder_n betwixt_o they_o and_o his_o english_a who_o last_o earl_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n be_v call_v candorus_n 6_o but_o william_n the_o bastard_n create_v robert_n his_o half-brother_n by_o herlotta_n their_o mother_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o the_o norman_n race_n and_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n the_o nine_o from_o he_o be_v by_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o invest_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n which_o title_n ever_o since_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o crown_n 7_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o shire_n minister_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o soil_n be_v many_o and_o and_o great_a for_o beside_o the_o abundance_n of_o fish_n that_o do_v suffice_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o pilchard_n be_v take_v who_o in_o great_a shul_n swarm_v about_o the_o coast_n whence_o be_v transport_v to_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n yield_v a_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o gain_n unto_o cornwall_n wherein_o also_o copper_n and_o tinn_n so_o plentiful_o grow_v in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o this_o promontory_n that_o at_o a_o low_a water_n the_o vein_n thereof_o lie_v bare_a and_o be_v see_v and_o what_o gain_n that_o commodity_n beget_v be_v vulgar_o know_v neither_o be_v these_o rock_n destitute_a of_o gold_n nor_o silver_n yea_o and_o diamond_n shape_v and_o point_a angle_n wise_a and_o smooth_v by_o nature_n herself_o whereof_o some_o be_v as_o big_a as_o wallnut_n inferior_a to_o the_o orient_a only_o in_o blackness_n and_o hardness_n many_o be_v the_o port_n bay_n and_o havens_n that_o open_a into_o this_o shire_n both_o safe_a for_o arrivage_n and_o commodious_a transport_v whereof_o falmouth_n be_v so_o copious_a that_o a_o hundred_o ship_n may_v therein_o ride_v at_o anchor_n apart_o by_o themselves_o so_o that_o from_o the_o top_n of_o their_o high_a mast_n they_o shall_v not_o see_v each_o other_o and_o lie_v most_o safe_o under_o the_o wind_n 8_o this_o county_n be_v fruitful_a in_o corn_n cattle_n sea-fish_n and_o fowl_n all_o which_o with_o other_o provision_n for_o pleasure_n and_o life_n be_v trade_v through_o twenty_o two_o market-town_n in_o this_o shire_n whereof_o lauston_n and_o bodman_n be_v the_o best_a from_o which_o last_n be_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 50_o 35_o minute_n and_o for_o longitude_n
which_o last_o be_v build_v with_o great_a cost_n by_o richaâ—d_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n wherein_o himself_o and_o his_o duchess_n be_v inter_v their_o son_n earl_n edmund_n bring_v out_o of_o germany_n the_o blood_n of_o hales_n suppose_a and_o say_v to_o be_v part_n of_o that_o whicâ—_n christ_n shed_v upon_o his_o cross._n in_o this_o place_n with_o great_a confluence_n and_o devotion_n of_o pilgrimage_n it_o be_v seek_v and_o worship_v till_o time_n prove_v it_o a_o mere_a counterfeit_n when_o the_o glorious_a light_n of_o the_o gospel_n reveal_v to_o eyesight_n such_o gross_a idolatry_n and_o the_o skirt_n of_o superstition_n be_v be_v turn_v up_o to_o the_o show_n of_o her_o ownâ—shame_n 12_o dukes_z and_o earl_n that_o have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o gloucester_n the_o first_o of_o every_o family_n be_v by_o their_o arm_n and_o name_n express_v ever_o fatal_a to_o their_o duke_n though_o the_o great_a in_o blood_n and_o birth_n the_o first_o be_v thomas_n woodstock_n son_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o who_o in_o calais_n be_v smother_v in_o a_o featherbed_n to_o death_n the_o second_o be_v humphrey_n brother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o by_o the_o fraudulent_a practice_n of_o the_o malignant_a cardinal_n and_o queen_n make_v away_o at_o s._n edmundsbury_n and_o the_o last_o be_v richard_n brother_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o who_o by_o the_o just_a hand_n of_o god_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o battle_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o 13_o this_o shire_n division_n be_v principal_o into_o four_o part_n subdivide_v into_o thirty_o hundred_o and_o thâ—m_o again_o into_o two_o hundred_o and_o eight_o parish-churches_a hereford_n shire_n hereford-shire_n chapter_n xxiv_o hereford-shire_n former_o account_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o wales_n lie_v circulate_v upon_o the_o north_n with_o worcester_n and_o shrop-shire_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o malvern_n hill_n be_v part_v from_o gloucestershire_n upon_o the_o south_n be_v keep_v in_o with_o monmouth-shire_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n in_o part_n with_o the_o haiterall_a hill_n be_v divide_v from_o brecknock_n and_o the_o rest_n confine_v with_o radnor-shire_n 2_o this_o county_n climate_n be_v most_o healthful_a and_o temperate_a and_o soil_n so_o fertile_a for_o corn_n and_o cattle_n that_o no_o place_n in_o england_n yield_v more_o or_o better_o condition_v sweet_a river_n ruâ—ning_v as_o vein_n in_o the_o body_n do_v make_v the_o corn-bearing_a ground_n in_o some_o of_o her_o part_n right_o to_o be_v term_v the_o golden_a vale_n and_o for_o water_n wool_n and_o wheat_n do_v contend_v with_o nilus_n colchos_n and_o egypt_n such_o be_v leisure_n irchenfield_n the_o bank_n of_o wye_n luge_n and_o frome_n 3_o the_o ancient_a people_n know_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o power_n they_o well_o feel_v before_o they_o can_v subdue_v they_o be_v the_o silures_n place_v by_o ptolemy_n in_o this_o tract_n and_o branch_a further_o into_o radnor_n breckâ—ock_n monmouth_n and_o glamorgan_n shire_n at_o this_o day_n by_o we_o call_v southâ—wales_n and_o by_o the_o welsh_a deheubarth_n their_o original_a as_o tacitus_n conjecture_v by_o their_o site_n colour_a countenance_n and_o curl_a hair_n be_v out_o of_o spain_n and_o both_o as_o he_o and_o pliny_n describe_v they_o be_v fierce_a valiant_a and_o impatient_a of_o servitude_n which_o well_o they_o show_v under_o caratacus_n their_o captain_n and_o nine_o year_n scourge_n to_o the_o roman_a assaulter_n for_o who_o only_a conquest_n and_o that_o make_v by_o treachery_n the_o victor_n in_o rome_n triumph_v with_o more_o than_o a_o usual_a aspect_n and_o with_o so_o equal_a a_o hand_n bear_v the_o scoale_n of_o resistance_n that_o their_o own_o writer_n evermore_o term_v it_o a_o dangerous_a war._n for_o the_o legion_n of_o marius_n valence_n they_o put_v to_o â—light_v and_o that_o with_o such_o havoc_n of_o the_o associate_n that_o asterius_n the_o lieutenant_n of_o britain_n for_o very_a grief_n give_v up_o the_o ghost_n and_o veranius_n under_o nero_n assault_v they_o in_o vain_a but_o when_o vâ—spasian_n be_v emperor_n and_o expert_a soldier_n employ_v in_o every_o province_n julius_n frontinus_n subdue_v these_o silures_n unto_o the_o roman_n where_o continual_o some_o of_o their_o legion_n afterward_o keep_v till_o all_o be_v abandon_v in_o valentiniansâ—ime_n â—ime_z 4_o the_o saxon_n then_o make_v themselves_o lord_n of_o this_o land_n and_o this_o province_n a_o part_n of_o their_o mercian_n kingdom_n yea_o and_o sutton_n the_o court_n of_o great_a offa_n their_o king_n 5_o but_o hereford_n after_o raise_v of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a ariconium_n now_o kencâ—ester_n shake_v in_o piece_n by_o a_o violent_a earthquake_n grow_v to_o great_a fame_n through_o a_o conceive_a sanctity_n by_o the_o burial_n of_o etâ—elbert_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n slay_v at_o sutton_n by_o offa_n at_o what_o time_n he_o come_v thither_o to_o have_v espouse_v his_o daughter_n who_o grave_n be_v first_o make_v at_o merden_n but_o afterward_o canonise_v and_o remove_v to_o this_o city_n when_o in_o honour_n of_o he_o be_v build_v the_o cathedral_n church_n by_o milfrid_n a_o petty_a king_n of_o that_o county_n which_o gruffith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o algar_n a_o englishâ—â—an_n rebel_a against_o edward_n confessor_n consume_v with_o fire_n but_o by_o bishop_n remelâ—n_o be_v restore_v as_o now_o it_o be_v at_o what_o time_n the_o town_n be_v wall_v and_o iâ—_n so_o remain_v in_o good_a repair_n have_v six_o gate_n for_o entrance_n and_o fifteen_o watch-tower_n for_o defence_n extend_v in_o compass_n to_o fifteen_o hundred_o pace_n and_o whence_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v raise_v 52_o degree_n 27_o minute_n in_o latitude_n and_o be_v set_v from_o the_o first_o point_n of_o the_o west_n in_o longitude_n 17_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n be_v yearly_o govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n choose_v out_o of_o one_o and_o thirty_o citizen_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o election_n and_o he_o ever_o after_o be_v know_v for_o a_o alderman_n and_o clothe_v in_o scarlet_n whereof_o four_o of_o the_o elder_a be_v justice_n of_o peace_n grace_v with_o a_o sword-bearer_n a_o recorder_n a_o town-clerk_n and_o four_o sergeant_n with_o mace_n the_o great_a glory_n that_o this_o city_n receive_v be_v in_o king_n athelstans_n day_n where_o as_o malmesbury_n do_v report_v he_o cause_v the_o lord_n of_o â—ales_n by_o way_n of_o tribute_n to_o pay_v yearly_a beside_o hawk_n and_o hound_n twenty_o pound_n of_o gold_n and_o three_o hundred_o pound_n of_o silver_n by_o weight_n but_o how_o that_o be_v perform_v and_o continue_v i_o find_v not_o 6_o thing_n of_o rare_a note_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v say_v to_o be_v bone-well_a a_o spring_n not_o faâ—_n from_o richard_n castle_n wherein_o be_v continual_o find_v little_a fish_n bone_n but_o not_o a_o â—in_a see_v and_o be_v whole_o cleanse_v thereof_o will_v notwithstanding_o have_v again_o the_o like_a whether_o natural_o produce_v or_o in_o vein_n thither_o bring_v no_o man_n know_v 7_o but_o more_o admirable_a be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o omnipotent_a even_o in_o our_o own_o remembrance_n and_o year_n of_o christ_n â—esus_fw-la 1571_o when_o the_o marcley_n hill_n in_o the_o east_n of_o this_o shire_n rouse_a itself_o out_o of_o a_o dead_a sleep_n with_o a_o roar_a noise_n remove_v from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o stand_v and_o for_o three_o day_n together_o travel_v from_o her_o first_o â—ite_n to_o the_o great_a amazement_n and_o fear_n of_o the_o beholder_n it_o begin_v to_o journey_n upon_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o february_n be_v sunday_n at_o six_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n and_o by_o seven_o in_o the_o next_o morning_n have_v go_v forty_o pace_n carry_v with_o it_o sheep_n in_o their_o coat_n hedge-row_n and_o tree_n whereof_o some_o be_v overturn_v and_o some_o that_o stand_v upon_o the_o plain_a be_v firm_o grow_v upon_o the_o hill_n those_o that_o be_v east_n be_v turn_v west_n and_o those_o in_o the_o west_n be_v set_v in_o the_o east_n in_o which_o remove_n it_o overthrow_v â—â—â—â—aston-chappel_n and_o turn_v two_o highway_n near_o a_o hundred_o yard_n from_o their_o usual_a path_n former_o tread_v the_o ground_n thus_o travel_v be_v about_o twenty_o six_o acre_n which_o open_v itself_o with_o rock_n and_o all_o bear_v the_o earth_n before_o it_o for_o four_o hundred_o yard_n space_n without_o any_o stay_n leave_v that_o which_o be_v pasturage_n in_o place_n of_o the_o tillage_n and_o the_o tillage_n overspread_v with_o pasturage_n last_o overwhelm_v her_o low_a part_n mount_v to_o a_o hill_n of_o twelve_o fathom_n high_a and_o there_o rest_v herself_o after_o three_o day_n travel_n remain_v his_o mark_n that_o so_o lay_v hand_n upon_o this_o rock_n who_o power_n â—ath_v poise_v the_o hill_n in_o his_o balance_n 8_o religious_a house_n build_v by_o the_o devotion_n of_o prince_n and_o
the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 54_o yet_o the_o warmth_n from_o the_o irish-sea_n melt_v the_o snow_n and_o dissolve_v ice_n soon_o there_o then_o in_o those_o part_n that_o be_v further_o off_o and_o so_o wholesome_a for_o life_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n general_o attain_v to_o many_o year_n 4_o the_o soil_n be_v fat_a fruitful_a and_o rich_a yield_v abundant_o both_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n for_o man._n the_o champion_n ground_n make_v glad_a the_o heart_n of_o their_o tiller_n the_o meadow_n embroider_v with_o divers_a sweet_a smell_a flower_n and_o the_o pasture_n make_v the_o kines_n udder_a to_o strut_v to_o the_o pail_n from_o who_o and_o wherein_o the_o best_a cheese_n of_o all_o europe_n be_v make_v 5_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o cornavii_n who_o with_o warwickeshire_n worcester-shire_n stafford-shire_n and_o shrop-shire_n spread_v themselves_o further_o into_o this_o county_n as_o in_o ptolemy_n be_v place_v and_o the_o cangi_n likewise_o if_o they_o be_v the_o ceaâ—gi_n who_o remembrance_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o this_o shire_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o certain_a piece_n of_o lead_n in_o this_o manner_n inscribe_v imp._n domit._n au._n gerard_n df_n ceang._n these_o cangi_n be_v subdue_v by_o p._n ostorius_n scapula_n immediate_o before_o his_o great_a victory_n against_o caractacus_n where_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o deva_n he_o build_v a_o fortress_n at_o the_o back_n of_o the_o ordovices_n to_o restrain_v their_o power_n which_o be_v great_a in_o those_o part_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o vespasian_n the_o emperor_n but_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o roman_n this_o province_n become_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o saxon-mercians_a kingdom_n notwithstanding_o say_v ran_n higdan_n the_o city_n itself_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o britain_n until_o all_o fell_a into_o the_o monarchy_n of_o egbert_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o fince_n inhabitant_n hear_v lucan_n the_o monk_n who_o live_v prelent_o after_o the_o conquest_n speak_v they_o be_v find_v say_v he_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a partly_o better_a and_o partly_o equal_a in_o feast_v they_o be_v friendly_a at_o meat_n cheerful_a in_o entertainment_n liberal_a soon_o aâ—gry_a and_o soon_o pacify_v lavish_a in_o word_n impatient_a of_o servitude_n merciful_a to_o the_o afflict_a compassionate_a to_o the_o poor_a kind_a to_o their_o kindred_n spary_n of_o labour_n void_a of_o dissimulation_n not_o greedy_a in_o eat_v and_o far_o from_o dangerous_a practice_n and_o let_v i_o add_v thus_o much_o which_o lucian_n can_v not_o namely_o that_o this_o shire_n have_v never_o be_v stain_v with_o the_o blot_n of_o rebellion_n but_o ever_o stand_v true_a to_o their_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n who_o loyalty_n richard_n the_o second_o so_o far_o find_v and_o esteem_v that_o he_o hold_v his_o person_n most_o safe_a among_o they_o and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n make_v the_o county_n to_o be_v a_o principality_n and_o style_v himself_o prince_n of_o chester_n king_n henry_n the_o three_o give_v it_o to_o his_o elder_a son_n prince_n edward_n against_o who_o lewlin_n prince_n of_o wales_n gather_v a_o mighty_a band_n and_o with_o they_o do_v the_o county_n much_o harm_n even_o unto_o the_o city_n gaâ—es_n with_o the_o like_a scare-fire_n it_o have_v oft_o time_n be_v affright_v which_o the_o ylastâ—y_n defence_v with_o a_o wall_n make_v of_o the_o welshmen_n head_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o dee_n in_o hambridge_n the_o shire_n may_v well_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o seedplot_n of_o gentility_n and_o the_o producer_n of_o many_o most_o ancient_a and_o worthy_a family_n neither_o have_v any_o bring_v more_o man_n of_o valour_n into_o the_o field_n than_z chess-shire_n have_v do_v who_o by_o a_o general_a speech_n be_v to_o this_o day_n call_v the_o chief_a of_o man_n and_o for_o nature_n endowment_n beside_o their_o nobleness_n of_o mind_n may_v compare_v with_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n their_o limb_n straight_o and_o well-composed_a their_o complexion_n fair_a with_o a_o cheerful_a countenance_n and_o the_o woman_n for_o grace_n feature_n and_o beauty_n inferior_a unto_o none_o 6_o the_o commodity_n of_o of_o this_o province_n by_o the_o report_n of_o ranulphus_fw-la the_o monk_n of_o chester_n be_v chief_o corn_n cattle_n fish_n fowl_n salt_n mine_n metal_n mere_n and_o river_n whereof_o the_o bank_n of_o dee_n in_o her_o west_n and_o the_o vale-royal_a in_o her_o midst_n for_o fruitfulness_n of_o pasturage_n equal_v any_o other_o in_o the_o land_n either_o in_o grain_n or_o gain_n from_o the_o cow_n 7_o these_o with_o all_o other_o provision_n for_o life_n be_v trade_v through_o thirteen_o market-town_n in_o this_o shire_n whereof_o chester_n be_v the_o fair_a from_o who_o the_o shire_n have_v the_o name_n a_o city_n raise_v from_o the_o fort_n of_o ostorius_n lieutenant_n of_o britain_n for_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n whither_o the_o twenty_o legion_n name_v victrix_n be_v send_v by_o galba_n to_o restrain_v the_o britain_n but_o grow_v themselves_o out_o of_o order_n julius_n agricola_n be_v appoint_v their_o general_n by_o vespasian_n as_o appear_v by_o money_n then_o mint_v and_o there_o find_v and_o from_o they_o no_o doubt_n by_o the_o britain_n the_o place_n waâ—_n call_v cder-legion_n by_o ptolemy_n denanâ—_n by_o antonine_n dena_n and_o now_o by_o we_o west-chester_n but_o henry_n bradshaw_n will_v have_v it_o build_v before_o brute_n by_o the_o giant_n leon_n gaver_n a_o man_n beyond_o the_o moon_n and_o call_v by_o marius_n the_o vanquisher_n of_o the_o pict_n over_o deva_n or_o dee_n a_o fair_a stone-bridge_n lead_v build_v upon_o eight_o arch_n at_o either_o end_n whereof_o be_v a_o gate_n from_o whence_o in_o a_o long_a quadrant-wise_a the_o wall_n do_v encompass_v the_o city_n high_a and_o strong_o build_v with_o four_o fair_a gate_n open_v into_o the_o four_o wind_n beside_o three_o 〈◊〉_d and_o seven_o watch-tower_n extend_v in_o compass_n one_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o forty_o pace_n on_o the_o south_n of_o this_o city_n be_v mount_v a_o strong_a and_o stately_a castle_n round_o in_o form_n and_o the_o base_a court_n likewise_o enclose_v with_o a_o circular_a wall_n in_o the_o north_n be_v the_o minster_n first_o build_v by_o earl_n leofrike_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o s._n werburga_n the_o virgin_n and_o after_o most_o sumptuous_o repair_v by_o hugh_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o chester_n of_o the_o norman_n now_o the_o cathedral_n of_o the_o bishop_n see_n therein_o lie_v inter_v as_o report_n do_v relate_v the_o body_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o almane_n who_o leave_v his_o imperial_a estate_n lead_v last_o therein_o a_o hermit_n life_n this_o city_n have_v former_o be_v sore_o deface_v first_o by_o egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n where_o he_o slay_v twelve_o hundred_o christian_a monk_n resort_v thither_o from_o bangor_n to_o pray_v again_o by_o the_o dane_n it_o be_v sore_o deface_v when_o their_o destroy_a foot_n have_v trample_v down_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o land_n but_o be_v again_o rebuilt_a by_o edelfleada_n the_o mercian_n lady_n who_o in_o this_o county_n and_o forest_n of_o delamer_n build_v two_o fine_a city_n nothing_o of_o they_o now_o remain_v beside_o the_o chamber_n in_o the_o forest_n chester_n in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edgar_n be_v in_o most_o flourish_a estate_n wherein_o he_o have_v the_o homage_n of_o eight_o other_o king_n who_o row_v his_o barge_n from_o s._n johns_n to_o his_o palace_n himself_o hold_v the_o helm_n as_o their_o supreme_a this_o city_n be_v make_v a_o county_n incorporate_v of_o itself_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o be_v yearly_o govern_v by_o a_o major_n with_o sword_n and_o mace_n bear_v before_o he_o in_o state_n two_o sheriff_n twenty_o four_o alderman_n a_o recorder_n a_o town-clerk_n and_o a_o sergeant_n of_o peace_n four_o sergeant_n and_o six_o â—eomen_n it_o have_v be_v account_v the_o key_n into_o ireland_n and_o great_a pity_n it_o be_v that_o the_o port_n shall_v decay_v as_o it_o daily_o do_v the_o sea_n be_v stop_v to_o secure_v the_o river_n by_o a_o causey_n that_o thwart_v dee_fw-mi at_o her_o bridge_n within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n be_v eight_o parish-church_n st._n johns_n the_o great_a and_o lesser_a in_o the_o suburb_n be_v the_o whitefriar_n blackfriar_n and_o nunnery_n now_o suppress_v from_o which_o city_n the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v unto_o the_o degree_n 53_o 58_o minute_n of_o latitude_n and_o from_o the_o first_o point_n of_o the_o west_n in_o longitude_n unto_o the_o 17_o degree_n and_o 18_o minute_n 8_o the_o earldom_n whereof_o be_v possess_v from_o the_o conqueror_n till_o it_o fall_v last_o to_o the_o crown_n the_o last_o of_o who_o though_o not_o with_o the_o least_o hope_n be_v prince_n henry_n who_o to_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n have_v
country_n as_o it_o be_v thus_o on_o the_o one_o side_n free_v by_o the_o natural_a resistance_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o force_n of_o invasion_n so_o be_v it_o strengthen_v on_o the_o other_o by_o many_o castle_n and_o fortify_v place_n that_o take_v away_o the_o opportunity_n of_o make_v road_n and_o incursion_n in_o the_o country_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o first_o that_o feel_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o saxon_n cruelty_n so_o be_v it_o the_o last_o and_o long_a that_o be_v subdue_v under_o the_o westsaxons_a monarchy_n 9_o in_o this_o province_n our_o noble_a arthur_n who_o die_v lade_v with_o many_o trophy_n of_o honour_n be_v report_v by_o ninius_n to_o have_v put_v the_o saxon_n to_o flight_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n near_o duglasse_n a_o little_a brook_n not_o far_o from_o the_o town_n of_o wiggin_n but_o the_o attempt_n of_o war_n as_o they_o be_v several_a so_o they_o be_v uncertain_a for_o they_o make_v not_o duke_n wade_v happy_a in_o his_o success_n but_o return_v he_o a_o unfortunate_a enterpriser_n in_o the_o battle_n which_o he_o give_v to_o ardulph_n king_n of_o northumberland_n at_o billango_n in_o the_o year_n 798._o so_o be_v the_o event_n uncertain_a in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n for_o by_o they_o be_v breed_v and_o bring_v forth_o that_o bloody_a division_n and_o fatal_a strife_n of_o the_o noble_a hoâ—ses_n that_o with_o variable_a success_n to_o both_o party_n for_o many_o year_n together_o molest_v the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o land_n and_o defile_v the_o earth_n with_o blood_n in_o such_o violent_a manner_n that_o it_o exceed_v the_o horror_n of_o those_o civil_a war_n in_o rome_n that_o be_v betwixt_o marius_n and_o scylla_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n octavius_n and_o antony_n or_o that_o of_o the_o two_o renown_a house_n valois_n and_o bourbon_n that_o a_o long_a time_n trouble_v the_o state_n of_o france_n for_o in_o the_o division_n of_o these_o two_o princely_a family_n there_o be_v thirteen_o field_n fight_v and_o three_o king_n of_o england_n one_o prince_n of_o wales_n twelve_o duke_n one_o marquis_n eighteen_o earl_n one_o viscount_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o baron_n beside_o knight_n and_o gentleman_n lose_v their_o life_n in_o the_o same_o yet_o at_o last_o by_o the_o happy_a marriage_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n next_o heir_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n with_o elizabeth_z daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o edward_n the_o four_o of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n the_o white_a and_o red_a rose_n be_v conjoin_v in_o the_o happy_a unite_n of_o those_o two_o divide_a family_n from_o whence_o our_o thrice_o renown_a sovereign_a lord_n king_n james_n by_o fair_a sequence_n and_o succession_n do_v worthy_o enjoy_v the_o diadem_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o who_o happy_a government_n this_o county_n palatine_n of_o lancaster_n be_v prosperous_a in_o her_o name_n and_o greatness_n 10_o i_o find_v the_o remembrance_n of_o four_o religious_a house_n that_o have_v be_v found_v within_o this_o county_n and_o since_o suppress_v both_o fair_a for_o structure_n and_o building_n and_o rich_a for_o seat_n and_o situation_n namely_o burstogh_o whalleia_n holland_n and_o penwortham_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o hundred_o beside_o fourness_n felles_n and_o lancaster_n liberty_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o north_n part_n it_o be_v beautify_v with_o fifteen_o market-town_n both_o fair_a for_o situation_n and_o building_n and_o famous_a for_o the_o concourse_n of_o people_n for_o buy_v and_o sell_v it_o have_v twenty_o six_o parish_n beside_o chapel_n in_o which_o they_o due_o frequent_v to_o divine_a service_n and_o those_o populous_a as_o in_o no_o part_n of_o the_o land_n more_o york_z shire_n yorkshire_n chapter_n xxxviii_o as_o the_o course_n and_o confluent_n of_o great_a river_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n fresh_a in_o memory_n though_o their_o head_n and_o fountain_n lie_v common_o unknown_a so_o the_o latter_a knowledge_n of_o great_a region_n be_v not_o traduce_v to_o oblivion_n though_o perhaps_o their_o first_o original_n be_v obscure_a by_o reason_n of_o antiquity_n and_o the_o many_o revolution_n of_o time_n and_o age_n in_o the_o delineation_n therefore_o of_o this_o great_a province_n of_o yorkshire_n i_o will_v not_o insist_v upon_o the_o narration_n of_o matter_n near_o unto_o we_o but_o succinct_o run_v over_o such_o as_o be_v more_o remote_a yet_o neither_o so_o spare_o as_o i_o may_v seem_v to_o diminish_v from_o the_o dignity_n of_o so_o worthy_a a_o country_n nor_o so_o prodigal_o as_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o superfluous_a praise_v of_o that_o which_o never_o any_o as_o yet_o dispraise_v and_o although_o perhaps_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o labour_n unnecessary_a to_o make_v relation_n of_o ancient_a remembrance_n either_o of_o the_o name_n or_o nature_n of_o this_o nation_n especial_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n itself_o which_o in_o every_o age_n bring_v forth_o divers_a effect_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o man_n that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n take_v less_o pleasure_n in_o they_o than_o in_o divulge_v the_o occurrent_n of_o their_o own_o time_n yet_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o unfit_a to_o begin_v there_o from_o whence_o the_o first_o certain_a direction_n be_v give_v to_o proceed_v for_o even_o of_o these_o ancient_a thing_n there_o may_v be_v good_a use_n make_v either_o by_o imitation_n or_o way_n of_o comparison_n as_o neither_o the_o reperition_n nor_o the_o repetition_n thereof_o shall_v be_v account_v impertinent_a 2_o you_o shall_v therefore_o understand_v that_o the_o county_n of_o york_n be_v in_o the_o saxon-tongue_n call_v ebona_n ycyne_n and_o now_o common_o yorkshire_n far_o great_a and_o more_o numerous_a in_o the_o circuit_n of_o her_o mile_n than_o any_o shire_n of_o england_n she_o be_v much_o bind_v to_o the_o singular_a love_n and_o motherly_a care_n of_o nature_n in_o place_v she_o under_o so_o temperate_a a_o clime_n that_o in_o every_o measure_n she_o be_v indifferent_o fruitful_a if_o one_o part_n of_o she_o be_v stone_n and_o a_o sandy_a barren_a ground_n another_o be_v fertile_a and_o rich_o adorn_v with_o cornfield_n if_o you_o here_o find_v it_o naked_a and_o destitute_a of_o wood_n you_o shall_v see_v it_o there_o shadow_v with_o forest_n full_a of_o tree_n that_o have_v very_o thick_a body_n send_v forth_o many_o fruitful_a and_o profitable_a branch_n if_o one_o place_n of_o it_o be_v moorish_a miry_a and_o unpleasant_a another_o make_v a_o free_a tender_a of_o delight_n and_o present_v itself_o to_o the_o eye_n full_a of_o beauty_n and_o contentive_a variety_n 3_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n front_v she_o on_o the_o north-side_n and_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o continue_a course_n of_o the_o river_n tees_n the_o german-sea_n lie_v sore_o upon_o her_o east-side_n beat_v the_o shore_n with_o her_o boisterous_a wave_n and_o billow_n the_o west_n part_n be_v bound_v with_o lancashire_n and_o westmoreland_n the_o southside_n have_v cheshire_n and_o derbyshire_n friendly_a neighbour_n unto_o she_o with_o the_o which_o she_o be_v first_o enclose_v then_o with_o nottingham_n and_o with_o lincolnshire_n after_o divide_a with_o that_o famous_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n humber_n into_o which_o all_o the_o river_n that_o water_n this_o country_n empty_a themselves_o and_o pay_v their_o ordinary_a tribute_n as_o into_o the_o common_a receptacle_n and_o store-house_n of_o neptune_n for_o all_o the_o watery_a pension_n of_o this_o province_n 4_o this_o whole_a shire_n be_v of_o itself_o so_o spacious_a for_o the_o more_o easy_a and_o better_a order_n of_o her_o civil_a government_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o according_a to_o three_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n be_v call_v the_o west-riding_a the_o east-riding_a and_o the_o north-riding_a west-riding_a be_v for_o a_o good_a space_n compass_v with_o the_o river_n ouse_n with_o the_o bound_n of_o lancashire_n and_o with_o the_o south_n limit_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o bear_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o south_n east-riding_a bend_v itself_o to_o the_o ocean_n with_o the_o which_o and_o with_o the_o river_n derwent_n she_o be_v enclose_v and_o look_n into_o that_o part_n where_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o show_v forth_o his_o beam_n make_v the_o world_n both_o glad_a and_o glorious_a in_o his_o brightness_n north-riding_a extend_v itself_o northward_o hem_v in_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o river_n tees_n and_o derwent_n and_o a_o long_a race_n of_o the_o river_n ouse_n the_o length_n of_o this_o shire_n extend_v from_o horthill_n in_o the_o south_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o tee_n in_o the_o north_n be_v near_o unto_o seventy_o mile_n the_o breadth_n from_o flambrough-head_n to_o horn-castle_n upon_o the_o river_n luâ—_n be_v fourscore_o mile_n the_o whole_a circumference_n be_v three_o hundred_o and_o eight_o mile_n 5_o the_o soil_n of_o this_o county_n for_o the_o generality_n be_v reasonable_a fertile_a
morda_n in_o the_o west_n twenty_o and_o five_o mile_n the_o whole_a in_o circuit_n about_o extend_v to_o one_o hundred_o thirty_o four_o mile_n 3_o wholesome_a be_v the_o air_n delectable_a and_o good_a yield_v the_o spring_n and_o the_o autumn_n seedtime_n and_o harvest_n in_o a_o temperate_a condition_n and_o afford_v health_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o all_o season_n of_o the_o year_n 4_o the_o soil_n be_v rich_a and_o stand_v most_o upon_o a_o red_a clay_n abound_v in_o wheat_n and_o barley_n pit-coal_n iron_n and_o wood_n which_o two_o last_n continue_v not_o long_o in_o league_n together_o it_o have_v river_n that_o make_v fruitful_a the_o land_n and_o in_o their_o water_n contain_v great_a store_n of_o fresh-fish_n whereof_o severn_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o second_o in_o the_o realm_n who_o stream_n cut_v this_o county_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o with_o many_o wind_a sport_v her self_o forward_a leave_v both_o pasture_n and_o meadow_n bedeck_v with_o flower_n and_o green_a colour_n which_o every_o where_o she_o bestow_v upon_o such_o her_o attendant_n 5_o this_o river_n be_v once_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o north-britains_n and_o divide_v their_o possession_n from_o the_o land_n of_o the_o saxon_n until_o of_o latter_a time_n their_o begin_v to_o decay_v and_o the_o welsh_a to_o increase_v who_o enlarge_v their_o list_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi so_o former_o have_v it_o separate_v the_o ordovices_n from_o the_o cornauâ—â—_n those_o ancient_a inhabitant_n mention_v by_o ptolemy_n the_o ordovices_n under_o caractacus_n purchase_v great_a honour_n whilst_o he_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o silures_n remove_v his_o war_n thence_o among_o they_o where_o a_o while_n he_o maintain_v the_o britain_n liberty_n with_o valour_n and_o courage_n in_o despite_n of_o the_o roman_n his_o fort_n be_v yet_o witness_v of_o his_o unfortunate_a fight_n seat_v near_o clune-castle_n at_o the_o confluence_n of_o that_o river_n with_o temd_v where_o in_o remembrance_n of_o he_o the_o place_n be_v yet_o call_v caer-caradoc_n a_o fort_n of_o his_o win_v by_o p._n ostorius_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o roman_n about_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 53._o the_o cornavii_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o north_n of_o severn_n and_o branch_v into_o other_o county_n of_o who_o we_o have_v say_v 6_o but_o when_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o support_v their_o own_o empire_n and_o britain_n empty_v of_o her_o soldier_n to_o resist_v the_o saxon_n set_v foot_n in_o this_o most_o fair_a soil_n and_o make_v it_o a_o part_n of_o their_o mercian_n kingdom_n their_o line_n likewise_o issue_v to_o the_o last_o period_n and_o the_o norman_n beginning_n where_o these_o saxon_n leave_v the_o welshman_n take_v advantage_n of_o all_o present_a occasion_n and_o break_v over_o severn_n unto_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi to_o recover_v which_o the_o norman_n first_o king_n often_o assay_v and_o henry_n the_o second_o with_o such_o danger_n of_o life_n that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o bridge-north_n he_o have_v be_v slay_v have_v not_o sir_n hubert_n syncler_n receive_v the_o arrow_n aim_v at_o he_o in_o step_v betwixt_o that_o shaft_n and_o his_o sovereign_n and_o therewith_o be_v shoot_v through_o unto_o death_n in_o the_o like_a danger_n stand_v henry_n prince_n of_o scotland_n who_o in_o the_o strait_a siege_n of_o ludlow_n begird_v by_o king_n stephen_n have_v be_v pluck_v from_o his_o saddle_n with_o a_o iron-hook_n from_o the_o wall_n have_v not_o stephen_n present_o rescue_v he_o anno_fw-la 1139._o 7_o this_o then_o be_v the_o march_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v sore_o afflict_v by_o bloody_a broil_n which_o cause_v many_o of_o their_o town_n to_o be_v strong_o wall_v and_o thirty_o two_o castle_n to_o be_v strong_o build_v last_o into_o this_o county_n the_o most_o wise_a king_n henry_n the_o seven_o send_v his_o elder_a son_n prince_n arthur_n to_o be_v resident_a at_o ludlow_n where_o that_o fair_a castle_n become_v a_o most_o famous_a prince_n court_n and_o here_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o ordain_v the_o council_n of_o the_o march_n consist_v of_o a_o lord_n precedent_n as_o many_o counsellor_n as_o the_o prince_n shall_v please_v a_o secretary_n a_o attorney_n a_o solicitor_n and_o four_o justice_n of_o the_o county_n in_o wales_n in_o who_o court_n be_v plead_v the_o cause_n depend_v and_o term_o try_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o presence_n of_o that_o honourable_a precedent_n 8_o but_o the_o shire-town_n shrewsbury_n for_o circuit_n trade_n and_o wealth_n do_v far_o exceed_v this_o and_o be_v inferior_a to_o few_o of_o our_o city_n her_o building_n fair_a her_o street_n many_o and_o large_a her_o citizen_n rich_a her_o trade_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o cloth_n and_o frieze_n her_o wall_n strong_a and_o of_o a_o large_a compass_n extend_v to_o seventeen_o hundred_o paâ—es_n about_o beside_o another_o bulwark_n range_v from_o the_o castle_n down_z unto_z and_o in_o part_n along_o the_o side_n of_o severn_n through_o which_o there_o be_v three_o entrance_n into_o the_o town_n east_n and_o west_n over_o by_o two_o fair_a stone-bridge_n with_o tower_n gate_n and_o bar_n and_o the_o three_o into_o the_o north_n no_o less_o strong_a than_o they_o over_o which_o be_v mount_v a_o large_a castle_n who_o gape_a chink_n do_v doubtless_o threaten_v she_o fall_v this_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o two_o bailiff_n yearly_o elect_v out_o or_o twenty_o four_o burgess_n a_o recorder_n town-clerk_n and_o chamberlain_n with_o three_o sergeant_n at_o mace_n the_o pole_n be_v raise_v hence_o from_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 53_o 16_o minute_n and_o from_o west_n in_o longitude_n 17_o degree_n 27_o minute_n 9_o yea_o and_o ancient_a city_n have_v be_v set_v in_o this_o shire_n such_o be_v râ—xalter_n or_o wroxcester_n low_a upon_o severn_n that_o have_v be_v vriconium_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o cornavii_n vfocâ—nia_n now_o okenyateâ—_n near_o unto_o the_o wrekin_fw-mi and_o under_o red-castle_n the_o ruin_n of_o a_o city_n who_o the_o vulgar_a report_n to_o have_v be_v famous_a in_o arthur_n day_n but_o the_o piece_n of_o romish_a coin_n in_o these_o three_o do_v well_o assure_v we_o that_o therein_o their_o legion_n lodge_v as_o many_o other_o trench_n be_v sign_n of_o war_n and_o of_o blood_n but_o as_o sword_n have_v be_v stir_v in_o most_o part_n of_o this_o province_n so_o bead_n have_v be_v hide_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o place_n erect_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o votary_n in_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v impute_v great_a holiness_n in_o shrewsbury_n many_o at_o coulmere_n stow_n dudley_n bromfield_n wigmore_n hamond_n lyleshill_n bildas_n bishops-castle_n and_o wâ—nloke_n where_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o be_v likewise_o a_o rich_a mine_n of_o copper_n but_o the_o same_o blast_n that_o blow_v down_o the_o bud_n of_o such_o plant_n scatter_v also_o the_o fruit_n from_o these_o fair_a tree_n which_o never_o since_o bare_v the_o like_a nor_o be_v likely_a any_o more_o to_o do_v that_o only_o which_o be_v rare_a in_o this_o province_n be_v a_o well_o at_o pitchford_n in_o a_o private_a man_n yard_n whereupon_o float_v a_o thick_a scum_n of_o liquid_a bitumen_n which_o be_v clear_o off_o to_o day_n will_v gather_v the_o like_a again_o on_o the_o morrow_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o lake_n in_o the_o land_n of_o jewry_n this_o shire_n be_v divide_v into_o fifteen_o hundred_o wherein_o be_v seat_v fourteen_o market-town_n and_o have_v in_o it_o one_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o church_n for_o god_n sacred_a and_o divine_a service_n chester_n petrus_n kaerius_fw-la caeelavit_fw-la the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n chapter_n xxxvi_o chesse-shire_n the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n be_v part_v upon_o the_o north_n from_o lancashire_n with_o the_o river_n mercey_n upon_o the_o east_n by_o mercey_n goit_n and_o the_o dane_n be_v separate_v from_o darâ—y_n and_o stafford-shire_n upon_o the_o south_n touch_v the_o county_n of_o shrop-shire_n and_o flint_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n with_o dee_n be_v part_v from_o denbighshire_n 2_o the_o form_n of_o this_o county_n do_v much_o resemble_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o a_o eagle_n spread_v itself_o from_o wirall_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o she_o pinion_v or_o first_o feather_n touch_v yorkshire_n betwixt_o which_o extreme_n in_o follow_v the_o wind_n of_o the_o shire_n divider_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v 47_o mile_n and_o from_o north_n to_o south_n twenty_o six_o mile_n the_o whole_a circumference_n about_o one_o hundred_o forty_o two_o mile_n 3_o if_o the_o affection_n to_o my_o natural_a producer_n blind_v not_o the_o judgement_n of_o this_o my_o survey_n for_o air_n and_o soil_n it_o equal_v the_o best_a and_o far_o exceed_v her_o neighbour_n the_o next_o county_n for_o although_o the_o climate_n be_v cold_a and_o touch_v
in_o it_o for_o the_o celebration_n of_o divine_a service_n cumberland_n chapter_n xli_o cumberland_n the_o further_a north-west_n province_n in_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n confront_v upon_o the_o south_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v divide_v from_o that_o kingdom_n partly_o by_o the_o river_n kirsop_n then_o cross_v eske_n by_o a_o tract_n through_o solomâ—-moss_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o solwaye-frith_n by_o ptolemy_n call_v the_o itune-bay_n the_o north-west_n part_n be_v neighbour_v by_o northumberland_n more_o eastward_o with_o westmoreland_n the_o south_n with_o lancashire_n and_o the_o west_n be_v whole_o wash_v with_o the_o irish-sea_n 2_o the_o form_n whereof_o be_v long_a and_o narrow_a point_v wedg-like_a into_o the_o south_n which_o part_n be_v altogether_o pester_v with_o copped_a hill_n and_o therefore_o have_v the_o name_n of_o cop-land_n the_o middle_n be_v more_o level_a and_o better_o inhabit_v yield_v sufficient_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n but_o the_o north_n be_v wild_a and_o solitary_a cumber_v with_o hill_n as_o copland_n be_v 3_o the_o air_n be_v pierce_v and_o of_o a_o sharp_a temperature_n and_o will_v be_v more_o bite_a be_v it_o not_o that_o those_o high_a hill_n break_v off_o the_o northern_a storm_n and_o cold_a fall_a snow_n 4_o notwithstanding_o rich_a be_v this_o province_n and_o with_o great_a variety_n thereof_o be_v replenish_v the_o hill_n though_o rough_a yet_o smile_v upon_o their_o beholder_n spread_v with_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n the_o valley_n store_v with_o grass_n and_o corn_n sufficient_a the_o sea_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n the_o land_n overspread_v with_o variety_n of_o fowl_n and_o the_o river_n feed_v a_o kind_n of_o muscle_n that_o bring_v forth_o pearl_n where_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o irt_n as_o they_o lie_v gape_v and_o suck_v in_o dew_n the_o country_n people_n gather_v and_o sell_v to_o the_o lapidary_n to_o their_o own_o little_a and_o the_o buyer_n great_a gain_n but_o the_o mine_n royal_a of_o copper_n whereof_o this_o country_n yield_v much_o be_v for_o use_v the_o rich_a of_o all_o the_o place_n be_v at_o keswick_n and_o newland_n where_o likewise_o the_o black-lead_a be_v get_v who_o plenty_n make_v it_o of_o no_o great_a esteem_n otherwise_o a_o commodity_n that_o can_v hardly_o be_v miss_v 5_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n know_v to_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o brigantes_n who_o ptolemy_n disperse_v into_o westmoreland_n richmond_z durham_n yorkshire_n and_o lancashire_n but_o when_o the_o saxon_n have_v overbear_v the_o britain_n and_o force_v they_o out_o of_o the_o best_a to_o seek_v their_o rest_n among_o the_o vast_a mountain_n these_o by_o they_o be_v enter_v into_o where_o they_o hold_v play_v with_o their_o enemy_n maugre_o their_o force_n and_o from_o they_o as_o marianus_n do_v witness_v the_o land_n be_v call_v cumber_n of_o those_o kumbri_n the_o britain_n but_o when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v sore_o shake_v by_o the_o dane_n this_o cumberland_n be_v account_v a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o for_o so_o the_o flower-gatherer_n of_o westminster_n record_v king_n edmund_n say_v he_o with_o the_o help_n of_o leoline_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n waste_v all_o cumberland_n and_o have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d soâ—s_v of_o dunmail_n king_n of_o that_o province_n grant_v that_o kingdom_n unto_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n whereof_o their_o elder_a son_n become_v prefect_n this_o province_n king_n stephen_n to_o purchase_v favour_n with_o the_o scot_n what_o time_n he_o stand_v in_o most_o need_n of_o aid_n confirm_v by_o gift_n under_o their_o crown_n which_o henry_n the_o second_o notwithstanding_o make_v claim_n unto_o and_o get_v as_o nubrigensis_n write_v and_o lay_v it_o again_o in_o the_o march_n of_o england_n since_o when_o many_o bicker_n betwixt_o these_o nation_n herein_o have_v happen_v but_o none_o so_o bitter_a against_o the_o scottish-side_n as_o be_v that_o at_o salome_n moss_n where_o their_o nobility_n disdain_v their_o general_n oliver_n sinclere_n give_v over_o the_o battle_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o english_a which_o dishonour_n pierce_v so_o deep_o into_o to_o the_o heart_n of_o king_n james_n the_o five_o that_o for_o grief_n thereof_o he_o short_o after_o die_v 6_o many_o memorable_a antiquity_n remain_v and_o have_v be_v find_v in_o this_o county_n for_o it_o be_v the_o confine_n of_o the_o roman_n possession_n be_v continual_o secure_v by_o their_o garrison_n where_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n part_n of_o that_o admirable_a wall_n build_v by_o severus_n also_o another_o fortification_n from_o 〈◊〉_d to_o elâ—â—-moâ—th_a upon_o the_o seashore_n towards_o ireland_n by_o stillicâ—_n raise_v when_o under_o 〈◊〉_d he_o suppress_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o irish_a and_o free_v the_o sea_n of_o the_o saxon_a pirate_n upon_o hard-knot_n hill_n moresby_n old-carleil_n pap-castle_n along_o the_o wall_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n their_o ruin_n remain_v with_o altar_n and_o iâ—scriptions_n of_o their_o captain_n and_o colony_n whereof_o many_o have_v be_v find_v and_o more_o as_o yet_o lie_v hide_v 7_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v careile_n pleasant_o seat_v betwixt_o the_o river_n eden_n petterelâ—_n and_o caud_n by_o the_o roman_n call_v luguvallum_n by_o beda_n luell_n by_o ptolemy_n leucopibia_n by_o ninius_n caer-lualid_a and_o by_o we_o carlisle_n this_o city_n flourish_v under_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o departure_n by_o the_o furious_a outrage_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n be_v deject_v yet_o in_o the_o day_n of_o egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n be_v wall_v about_o but_o again_o deface_v by_o the_o overrun_v dane_n lay_v bury_v in_o she_o own_o ash_n the_o space_n of_o two_o hundred_o year_n upon_o who_o ruin_n at_o length_n rufus_n set_v his_o compassionate_a eye_n and_o build_v there_o the_o castle_n plant_v a_o colony_n of_o fleming_n to_o secure_v the_o coast_n from_o the_o scot_n but_o upon_o better_a advisement_n remove_v they_o into_o wales_n after_o he_o henry_n his_o brother_n and_o successor_n ordain_v this_o city_n for_o a_o episcopal_n see_v who_o site_n be_v place_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n from_o the_o first_o west_n part_n 17_o and_o 2_o scruple_n and_o the_o pole_n thence_o elevate_v from_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 55_o and_o 56_o scruple_n 8_o west_n from_o hence_o at_o burgh_n upon_o the_o sand_n be_v the_o fatal_a end_n of_o our_o famous_a monarch_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o there_o leave_v his_o war_n unfinished_a against_o scotland_n leave_v his_o trouble_n and_o soon_o miss_v life_n to_o his_o untimely_a and_o soon_o lament_v death_n 9_o and_o at_o salkeld_n upon_o the_o river_n eden_n a_o monument_n of_o seventy_o seven_o stone_n each_o of_o they_o ten_o foot_n high_a above_o ground_n and_o one_o of_o they_o at_o the_o entrance_n fifteen_o as_o a_o trophy_n of_o victory_n be_v erect_v these_o be_v by_o the_o by-dweller_n call_v long-meg_n and_o her_o daughter_n 10_o this_o country_n as_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o front_n of_o assault_n so_o be_v it_o strengthen_v with_o twenty-five_o castle_n and_o preserve_v with_o the_o prayer_n as_o then_o be_v think_v of_o the_o votary_n in_o the_o house_n erect_v at_o carlilâ—_n lâ—ncroft_n weather_n all_o holme_n daker_n and_o saint_n bee_n these_o with_o other_o be_v dissolve_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o their_o revenue_n shadow_v under_o his_o crown_n but_o the_o province_n be_v free_v from_o the_o charge_n of_o subsidy_n be_v not_o therefore_o divide_v into_o hundred_o in_o the_o parliament_n roles_n whence_o we_o have_v take_v the_o division_n of_o the_o rest_n only_o this_o be_v observe_v that_o therein_o be_v seat_v nine_o market-town_n fifty_o eight_o parish-church_n beside_o many_o other_o chapel_n of_o ease_n northumberland_z northumberland_z chapter_n xlii_o the_o county_n of_o northumberlaâ—d_n have_v on_o the_o south_n the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n be_v shut_v in_o with_o the_o river_n derwent_n and_o with_o tyne_n the_o north_n be_v confine_v upon_o scotland_n the_o west_n upon_o part_n of_o scotland_n and_o part_n of_o cumberland_n the_o east-side_n lie_v altogether_o upon_o the_o sea_n call_v mare_n germanicum_n 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v triangular_a and_o differ_v not_o much_o in_o the_o siding_n for_o from_o her_o southeast_n unto_o the_o south-west_n point_n be_v near_o unto_o 40_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o her_o north-point_n be_v sixty_o mile_n and_o her_o base_a along_o the_o seashore_n 45_o mile_n the_o whole_a in_o circumference_n be_v about_o one_o hundred_o forty_o five_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n must_v needs_o be_v subtle_a and_o pierce_a for_o that_o the_o northern_o part_n be_v most_o expose_v to_o extremity_n of_o weather_n as_o great_a wind_n hard_a froâ—ts_n and_o long_o lie_v of_o snow_n etc._n etc._n yet_o will_v it_o be_v far_o more_o sharp_a than_o it_o be_v be_v
the_o second_o part_n occupy_v all_o the_o land_n northward_o from_o humber_n to_o the_o orkney-sea_n call_v by_o the_o latin_n marâ—_n caledonium_n or_o dâ—ucâ—lâ—â—oâ—ium_n now_o famous_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scotland_n the_o three_o part_n be_v this_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o irish-sea_n the_o river_n sâ—verne_n and_o dee_n and_o be_v call_v câ—mbria_n which_o name_n do_v yet_o continue_v with_o they_o though_o we_o the_o english_a call_v it_o wales_n as_o the_o people_n welshmen_n which_o be_v strange_a and_o stranger_n for_o so_o at_o this_o day_n the_o dweller_n of_o tyroll_n in_o the_o high_a germany_n whence_o our_o saxon_n be_v say_v to_o have_v come_v do_v name_n the_o italian_a their_o next_o neighbour_n a_o welshman_n and_o his_o language_n welsh_a 2_o this_o opinion_n verstegâ—n_o do_v altogether_o contradict_v rather_o judge_v by_o the_o ancient_a tâ—utâ—â—ick_n tongue_n which_o the_o german_n speak_v and_o wherein_o the_o g_z be_v pronounce_v for_o w_n that_o these_o sâ—xoâ—s_v call_v they_o gallish_a from_o the_o gaul_n whence_o their_o original_n proceed_v rather_o than_o wallish_a from_o stranger_n which_o he_o think_v can_v not_o be_v consider_v their_o habitation_n so_o near_o unto_o they_o and_o that_o the_o like_a be_v in_o use_n he_o prove_v by_o the_o word_n of_o erench_a guardian_n for_o wardian_n cornugalle_n for_o câ—rwâ—lles_n yea_o and_o gall_n for_o wall_n call_v our_o most_o famous_a edward_n prince_n of_o gall_n not_o prince_n of_o wâ—lles_n insomuch_o that_o the_o county_n of_o lombardy_n border_v along_o upon_o the_o german_n be_v of_o they_o call_v gâ—lliâ—ciâ—_n cis-alphina_a and_o at_o this_o day_n welsh-land_n so_o likewise_o do_v the_o netherlands_o call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o henalt_n and_o artois_n wallen_n or_o wallow_v and_o some_o part_n of_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n welsh-brabant_n and_o welsh-flaâ—ders_a and_o all_o because_o of_o the_o language_n and_o lineage_n of_o the_o gaul_n neither_o do_v the_o mere_a native_n of_o wales_n know_v any_o other_o name_n of_o their_o country_n than_o cambria_n of_o themselves_o than_o cambri_n or_o cumri_n or_o of_o their_o language_n than_o cambraoc_n but_o leave_v this_o opinion_n free_a to_o his_o affection_n we_o will_v proceed_v 3_o wales_n therefore_o be_v ancient_o bound_v as_o before_o the_o saxon_n do_v afterward_o win_v by_o force_n from_o the_o britain_n all_o the_o plain_a and_o champion_n country_n over_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o especial_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n make_v their_o limit_n straight_a by_o make_v a_o ditch_n of_o great_a breadth_n and_o depth_n to_o be_v a_o mear_n betwixt_o this_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n this_o ditch_n be_v in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n and_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o clawh_o offa_n that_o be_v offaes_n ditch_n the_o country_n between_o it_o and_o england_n be_v common_o call_v the_o march_n and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v by_o welshman_n especial_o in_o north-wales_n even_o to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi this_o admirable_a trench_n begin_v at_o bassiâ—gwerke_n in_o elintshire_n between_o chester_n and_o ruthland_n and_o run_v along_o the_o hill_n to_o the_o south-sea_n a_o little_a from_o bristol_n reach_v above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n 4_o silvester_n giraldus_n make_v the_o river_n wye_n to_o be_v the_o mear_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n on_o the_o south_n part_n call_v south-wales_n whence_o he_o ascribe_v the_o breadth_n of_o wales_n unto_o saint_n david_n in_o menâ—viâ—_n to_o be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n and_o the_o length_n from_o caerleon_n upon_o vske_n in_o gwentland_n to_o holly-head_n in_o anglesâ—y_n a_o hundred_o mile_n he_o may_v have_v say_v thirty_o more_o 5_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 870_o our_o alfred_n reign_v in_o england_n rodericus_fw-la magnus_fw-la king_n of_o wales_n do_v divide_v it_o into_o three_o talaith_n region_n or_o territory_n which_o be_v call_v kingdom_n this_o rodericus_fw-la magnus_fw-la give_v venâ—dâ—tia_n gwyneth_n or_o north-wales_n to_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n to_o cade_v his_o second_o son_n demeâ—ia_n debeuâ—arth_n or_o south-wall_n and_o to_o mervin_n his_o three_o son_n powy_n 6_o north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o north-side_n the_o irish-sea_n from_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi to_o bassingwerke_v to_o aberdyvi_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n the_o river_n dyvi_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o south-wales_n and_o in_o some_o place_n from_o powysland_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o powy_n sometime_o with_o high_a hill_n and_o sometime_o with_o river_n till_o it_o come_v again_o to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi it_o be_v general_o full_a of_o high_a mountain_n craggy_a rock_n great_a wood_n and_o deep_a valley_n many_o strait_a dangerous_a place_n deep_a and_o swift_a river_n 7_o this_o land_n be_v of_o old_a time_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n mon_n arvon_n meryonith_n and_o y_o bervedhwlan_n or_o the_o middle_a country_n and_o each_o of_o these_o be_v again_o divide_v into_o several_a country_n and_o they_o subdivide_v into_o their_o cymeden_n or_o commot_n wherein_o we_o follow_v that_o division_n which_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o llewylyn_n ap_fw-mi ruffin_n last_o prince_n of_o wales_n according_a to_o a_o copy_n impart_v to_o i_o by_o a_o worshipful_a friend_n and_o learned_a antiquary_n as_o seem_v far_o more_o exact_a than_o that_o of_o doctor_n powel_n 8_o aâ—glâ—sey_n the_o chief_a be_v separate_v from_o the_o main_a land_n with_o the_o river_n moenai_n wherein_o at_o aberfraw_n be_v the_o prince_n court_n now_o a_o mean_a village_n in_o this_o island_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n call_v beaumarish_n and_o common_a passage_n to_o ireland_n at_o caergybi_n in_o english_a holly-head_n 9_o aruâ—n_o the_o second_o part_n of_o north-wales_n be_v now_o call_v carnarvonshire_n the_o strong_a country_n within_o that_o principality_n give_v place_n to_o none_o for_o fertility_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o for_o plenty_n of_o wood_n cattle_n fish_n and_o fowl_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v the_o town_n of_o caernarvan_n in_o old_a time_n call_v caer-segoâ—t_a and_o bangor_n the_o bishop_n see_v with_o divers_a other_o ancient_a castle_n and_o place_n of_o memory_n this_o portion_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n and_o moeâ—ai_n upon_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n the_o river_n conwey_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o denâ—igh-shire_n and_o on_o the_o south-west_n be_v separate_v from_o merionyth_n by_o river_n mountain_n and_o mears_n 10_o merionyth_n be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o gwyneth_n and_o keep_v the_o name_n till_o this_o day_n it_o be_v full_a of_o hill_n and_o much_o note_v for_o the_o resort_n of_o people_n that_o repair_v thither_o to_o take_v herring_n upon_o the_o north_n it_o have_v arvon_n and_o denbigh_n land_n upon_o the_o south_n caerdigan-shire_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n montgâ—mâ—ry-shire_n heretofore_o part_n of_o powis_n in_o this_o county_n stand_v the_o town_n of_o harlech_n and_o a_o great_a lake_n call_v llyn-tegyd_a this_o country_n be_v likewise_o full_a of_o cattle_n fowl_n and_o fish_n and_o have_v in_o it_o great_a store_n of_o red_a deer_n and_o roe_n but_o there_o be_v much_o scarcity_n of_o corn._n 11_o y_z bervedhwland_n be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o gwyneth_n and_o may_v be_v call_v in_o english_a the_o middle_a country_n be_v enclose_v with_o hill_n on_o the_o east_n west_n and_o south-part_n and_o with_o the_o sea_n northward_o it_o be_v plentiful_a of_o cattle_n fish_n and_o fowl_n as_o also_o of_o corn_n and_o be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n with_o the_o river_n clwyd_n to_o which_o run_v a_o number_n of_o other_o river_n from_o the_o hill_n in_o this_o part_n be_v dyffryn-clwyd_a the_o fair_a valley_n within_o wales_n contain_v eighteen_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o seven_o in_o breadth_n in_o which_o be_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ruthlâ—n_n near_o unto_o the_o sea_n and_o not_o far_o thence_o s._n assaph_n a_o episcopal_a seat_n between_z the_o rivers_z clwyd_n and_o elwy_n herein_o stand_v the_o fair_a town_n and_o goodly_a castle_n of_o denbigh_n situate_v upon_o a_o rock_n the_o great_a market-town_n of_o north-wales_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v see_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ruthyn_n fair_a for_o prospect_n and_o fruitful_a for_o fire_n this_o part_n of_o north-wales_n have_v the_o sea_n upon_o the_o north_n d_o you_o towards_o the_o east_n arvon_n the_o river_n conwey_n and_o mâ—riâ—nyth_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o the_o country_n then_o call_v pâ—wys_n upon_o the_o south_n and_o these_o be_v the_o mere_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o venedâ—tia_n gwyneth_n or_o north-wales_n 12_o the_o second_o talaith_n or_o kingdom_n be_v mathraval_n or_o powy_n to_o this_o belong_v the_o country_n of_o powy_n and_o the_o land_n between_o wye_n and_o seuâ—rne_n it_o have_v south-wales_n upon_o the_o south_n and_o west_n with_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o tywy_n and_o other_o mere_n upon_o the_o north_n
not_o a_o little_a glory_n of_o their_o merlin_n who_o as_o they_o say_v be_v therein_o bear_v the_o son_n of_o a_o bad_a angel_n or_o of_o a_o incubus_n spirit_n the_o britain_n great_a apollo_n who_o geoffrey_n ap_fw-mi arthur_n will_v rank_v with_o the_o soothsaying_a seer_n or_o rather_o with_o the_o true_a prophet_n themselves_o be_v none_o other_o than_o a_o mere_a seducer_n and_o fantastical_a wizard_n which_o howsoever_o alani_n de_fw-la insulis_fw-la in_o his_o commentary_n have_v labour_v to_o unlock_v those_o dark_a and_o hide_a simile_n wherewith_o his_o book_n be_v pester_v and_o full_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o without_o cause_n forbid_v the_o read_n by_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n as_o vain_a and_o not_o worthy_a of_o countenance_n or_o credit_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_n this_o town_n be_v bring_v under_o their_o obedience_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v distress_v with_o the_o calamity_n of_o war_n yet_o afterward_o be_v make_v by_o the_o english_a prince_n the_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n of_o all_o southâ—wales_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v yearly_o govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n who_o ever_o after_o be_v a_o alderman_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n two_o sheriff_n elect_v out_o of_o sixteen_o burgess_n all_o of_o they_o in_o scarlet_a a_o swordbearer_n a_o town-clerk_n and_o two_o sergeant_n with_o mace_n from_o whence_o the_o pole_n be_v raise_v 52_o degree_n 15_o minute_n in_o latitude_n and_o for_o longitude_n be_v in_o the_o degree_n 15_o and_o 30_o minute_n from_o the_o first_o point_n in_o the_o west_n according_a to_o mercator_n 7_o east_n from_o this_o place_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o carreg-castle_n which_o stand_v mount_v on_o a_o high_a hill_n under_o the_o which_o many_o vault_n and_o spacious_a cave_n far_o into_o the_o ground_n be_v see_v wherein_o be_v think_v the_o people_n unable_a to_o â—ight_n be_v therein_o secure_v in_o time_n of_o their_o war_n where_o also_o be_v a_o well_o take_v the_o report_n from_o giraldus_n who_o write_v it_o that_o in_o this_o place_n twice_o in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n eb_v and_o twice_o flow_a resemble_v the_o unstable_a motion_n of_o the_o main_a sea_n 8_o this_o shire_n be_v water_v with_o twenty_o eight_o river_n and_o rivulet_n of_o name_n strengthen_v with_o ten_o castle_n trade_v in_o six_o market-town_n divide_v into_o six_o hundred_o wherein_o be_v seat_v fourscore_o and_o seven_o parish-church_n glamorgan_n shire_n glamorgan-shire_n chapter_n vii_o glamorgan-shire_n as_o some_o think_v name_v from_o prince_n morgan_n the_o possessor_n thereof_o or_o according_a to_o other_o be_v take_v from_o morgan_n a_o abbey_n found_v by_o william_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n upon_o the_o seashore_n in_o the_o south_n of_o this_o shire_n lie_v bound_v upon_o that_o part_n altogether_o with_o the_o british-sea_n the_o west_n by_o logor_n be_v part_v from_o caermardenshire_n the_o north_n but_v upon_o the_o county_n of_o brecknock_n and_o the_o east_n by_o remney_n be_v divide_v from_o monmouth_n 2_o the_o form_n of_o this_o shire_n grow_v still_o wide_o from_o her_o west-point_n spread_v her_o broad_a touch_n in_o the_o east_n betwixt_o which_o extreme_n i_o find_v by_o measure_n to_o be_v wellnear_o forty_o english_a mile_n and_o from_o north_n to_o south_n not_o altogether_o twenty_o mile_n the_o whole_a in_o circumference_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v temperate_a and_o give_v more_o content_a to_o the_o mind_n than_o the_o soil_n do_v fruit_n or_o ease_v unto_o traveller_n the_o hill_n be_v high_a and_o very_a many_o which_o from_o the_o north_n notwithstanding_o be_v lessen_v as_o it_o be_v by_o degree_n and_o towards_o the_o seacoast_n the_o country_n become_v somewhat_o plain_a which_o part_n be_v the_o best_a both_o for_o plenty_n of_o grain_n and_o populous_a of_o inhabitant_n the_o rest_n all_o mountain_n be_v replenish_v with_o cattle_n which_o be_v the_o best_a mean_n unto_o wealth_n that_o this_o shire_n do_v afford_v upon_o who_o hill_n you_o may_v behold_v whole_a herd_n of_o they_o feed_v and_o from_o who_o rock_n most_o clear_a spring_a water_n through_o the_o valley_n trickle_v which_o sport_o do_v pass_v with_o a_o most_o pleasant_a sound_n and_o do_v not_o a_o little_a revive_v my_o weary_a spirit_n among_o those_o vast_a mountain_n employ_v in_o their_o search_n who_o infancy_n at_o first_o admit_v a_o easy_a step_n over_o but_o grow_v unto_o strength_n more_o bold_o forbid_v i_o such_o passage_n and_o with_o a_o more_o stern_a countenance_n hold_v on_o their_o journey_n unto_o the_o british-sea_n and_o taâ—e_v among_o these_o be_v account_v for_o a_o chief_a 4_o upon_o who_o fall_n and_o east-bank_n the_o fair_a town_n of_o all_o south-wales_n be_v seat_v the_o britain_n caerdid_v the_o english_a caerdiffe_n which_o fitz-haimon_a fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o castle_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n rufus_n when_o he_o and_o his_o norman-knight_n have_v overcome_v rhese_n the_o prince_n of_o these_o part_n and_o thrust_v out_o justine_n from_o his_o lawful_a possession_n this_o town_n he_o make_v his_o own_o seat_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n enjoin_v his_o consort_n to_o give_v aid_n to_o this_o honour_n and_o to_o hold_v their_o portion_n in_o vassalage_n of_o he_o strong_a be_v the_o castle_n as_o by_o the_o trust_n therein_o repose_v may_v well_o appear_v where_o the_o young_a brother_n beaâ—clark_n keep_v captive_a the_o elder_a curthose_n both_o of_o they_o son_n to_o the_o conqueror_n the_o space_n of_o twenty_o six_o year_n this_o castle_n be_v large_a and_o in_o good_a repair_n whence_o the_o town-wall_n go_v both_o south_n and_o east_n to_o the_o river_n side_n through_o which_o four_o gate_n enter_v into_o the_o four_o wind_n and_o contain_v in_o compass_n nine_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pace_n and_o along_o the_o river_n a_o sure_a defence_n upon_o her_o westside_n three_o hundred_o more_o so_o that_o the_o town_n contain_v in_o circuit_n twelve_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o pace_n but_o as_o the_o tave_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o the_o town_n in_o make_v a_o key_n for_o arrivage_n of_o ship_v so_o be_v she_o a_o foe_n to_o s._n mary_n church_n in_o the_o south_n with_o undermine_v her_o foundation_n and_o threaten_v her_o fall_n the_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n yearly_o elect_v out_o of_o twelve_o alderman_n assist_v with_o other_o twelve_o burgess_n a_o town-clerk_n four_o constable_n and_o two_o sergeant_n with_o mace_n who_o site_n be_v observe_v from_o the_o north-star_n to_o lie_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 51_o and_o 49_o scruple_n and_o from_o the_o â—irst_n point_n in_o the_o west_n 16_o and_o 53_o scruple_n 5_o in_o the_o same_o graduation_n almost_o be_v site_v the_o city_n landaf_n wherein_o be_v a_o castle_n and_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o s._n telean_n bishop_n of_o the_o same_o without_o any_o other_o memorable_a matter_n worthy_a the_o speak_n of_o 6_o but_o thing_n of_o strange_a note_n be_v these_o by_o the_o report_n of_o giraldus_n who_o affirm_v that_o in_o a_o rock_n or_o cliff_n upon_o the_o seaside_n and_o island_n barry_n lie_v near_o the_o southeast_n point_n of_o this_o county_n be_v hear_v out_o of_o a_o little_a chink_n let_v he_o take_v heed_n what_o he_o faith_n the_o noise_n as_o it_o it_o be_v of_o smith_n at_o their_o work_n one_o while_o â—he_v blow_v of_o bellows_o to_o increase_v the_o heat_n than_o the_o streak_n of_o the_o hammer_n and_o sound_v of_o the_o anvil_n sometimes_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o grind_v stone_n in_o grind_v of_o iron_n tool_n then_o the_o hiss_a spark_n of_o steelâ—gads_n as_o they_o fly_v from_o their_o â—eating_n with_o the_o puff_a noise_n of_o flame_n in_o a_o furnace_n and_o whether_o this_o be_v the_o place_n whereof_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n speak_v i_o determine_v not_o where_o in_o his_o write_n he_o have_v these_o word_n they_o that_o have_v record_v history_n say_v he_o do_v say_v that_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a hole_n or_o cave_n under_o thâ—_n bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o on_o the_o top_n thereof_o a_o gape_a chink_n into_o the_o which_o when_o the_o wind_n be_v gather_v and_o toss_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o womb_n or_o concavity_n thereof_o there_o be_v hear_v above_o a_o sound_n of_o cymbal_n for_o the_o wind_n be_v drive_v back_o from_o his_o hole_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o loud_a sound_n as_o her_o vent_n 7_o more_o westward_n from_o hence_o upon_o the_o river_n ogmore_n and_o near_o unto_o newton_n in_o a_o sandy_a plain_n about_o a_o hundred_o pace_n from_o severne_n there_o spring_v a_o well_o though_o not_o of_o the_o clear_a water_n where_o at_o the_o flow_a and_o fullness_n of_o the_o sea_n can_v hardly_o any_o water_n be_v get_v but_o at_o the_o ebb_n and_o fall_v oâ—_n
or_o ever_o become_v the_o ruin_n of_o time_n which_o be_v much_o fear_v for_o the_o merciless_a undermine_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o with_o her_o daily_a and_o forcible_a eruption_n never_o cease_v to_o wash_v away_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o key_n the_o people_n of_o this_o town_n be_v well_o approve_v for_o courtesy_n and_o also_o civil_a government_n which_o be_v administer_v by_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o castle_n who_o be_v ever_o mayor_n by_o patent_n have_v the_o assistance_n of_o one_o alderman_n two_o bailiff_n two_o sergeant_n at_o mace_n and_o one_o town-clerk_a the_o townsman_n do_v not_o a_o little_a glory_n that_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v bear_v there_o in_o a_o tower_n of_o the_o castle_n call_v eagle-tower_n and_o surname_v of_o caer-nar-von_a he_o be_v the_o first_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o english_a line_n the_o site_n of_o this_o town_n according_a to_o mathematical_a observation_n be_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n 15_o and_o 50_o scruple_n from_o the_o first_o west_n point_n and_o the_o pole_n elevate_v in_o latitude_n 53_o and_o 50._o bangor_n the_o bishop_n see_v though_o it_o be_v now_o but_o a_o small_a town_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o time_n pass_v so_o large_a that_o for_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v banchor-vaur_a that_o be_v great-banchor_n which_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n but_o it_o have_v be_v long_o since_o utter_o ruinate_v and_o lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n insomuch_o as_o there_o be_v not_o any_o footing_n to_o be_v find_v or_o oâ—her_a monument_n leave_v thereof_o although_o they_o have_v be_v seek_v with_o all_o diligent_a enquiry_n this_o bishop_n see_v have_v be_v the_o diocese_n of_o ninety_o six_o parish_n but_o the_o ancient_a church_n which_o be_v consecrate_v unto_o daniel_n sometime_o bishop_n thereof_o be_v deface_v and_o set_v on_o fire_n by_o that_o notorious_a rebel_n owen_n glendowerdwy_n who_o have_v a_o purpose_n also_o to_o destroy_v all_o the_o city_n of_o wales_n for_o that_o they_o stand_v for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o though_o the_o same_o church_n be_v since_o repair_v about_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o yet_o have_v it_o scarce_o recover_v the_o resemblance_n of_o her_o former_a dignity_n the_o river_n conwey_n which_o limit_v this_o shire_n on_o the_o east-side_n be_v in_o ptolemy_n by_o corruption_n or_o ignorance_n of_o transcriber_n call_v toissonius_fw-la instead_o of_o cononius_n whence_o canonium_n a_o town_n mention_v by_o antonine_n take_v name_n and_o albeit_o both_o it_o and_o its_o name_n be_v now_o utter_o extinct_a yet_o be_v there_o a_o covert_a remembrance_n thereof_o in_o the_o new_a name_n of_o a_o poor_a village_n stand_v among_o the_o rubbish_n thereof_o call_v caer-hean_a that_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n whereof_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o build_v a_o new_a town_n at_o the_o river_n mouth_n term_v thereupon_o aberconwey_a that_o be_v the_o mouth_n of_o conwey_n which_o be_v former_o fortify_v by_o hugh_n of_o chester_n and_o strong_o situate_a and_o senced_a both_o with_o wall_n and_o a_o fair_a castle_n by_o the_o river_n side_n deserve_v rather_o the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n than_o a_o town_n if_o it_o be_v more_o populous_a and_o traffic_v with_o inhabitant_n neither_o must_v i_o here_o forget_v nowin_n though_o but_o a_o small_a market-town_n for_o that_o it_o please_v the_o english_a noble_n anno_fw-la 1284_o to_o honour_v it_o and_o the_o memory_n of_o king_n arthur_n with_o triumphant_a celebrity_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v the_o rebellious_a ringleader_n of_o wales_n 7_o other_o matter_n of_o memorable_a note_n this_o country_n afford_v not_o much_o unless_o perhaps_o this_o that_o just_a over-against_o the_o river_n conwey_n where_o it_o issue_v into_o the_o sea_n there_o sometime_o stand_v a_o ancient_a city_n name_v diganwey_n which_o many_o year_n ago_o be_v consume_v by_o lightning_n and_o so_o make_v utter_o desolate_a as_o many_o other_o monument_n have_v be_v of_o ancient_a and_o worthy_a memory_n as_o likewise_o that_o in_o the_o pool_n linperis_a there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fish_n call_v there_o tâ—rcoth_a have_v a_o red_a belly_n no_o where_o else_o see_v for_o touch_v these_o two_o other_o miracle_n famous_v by_o giraâ—dus_n and_o gervasius_n that_o on_o those_o his_o high_a hill_n there_o be_v two_o pool_n call_v the_o mere_n the_o one_o of_o which_o produce_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n but_o all_o have_v only_o one_o eye_n and_o the_o other_o there_o be_v a_o movable_a island_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o a_o man_n tread_v thereon_o it_o forthwith_o float_v a_o great_a way_n off_o whereby_o the_o welsh_a be_v say_v to_o have_v often_o escape_v and_o delude_v their_o enemy_n assail_a they_o these_o matter_n be_v out_o of_o my_o creed_n and_o yet_o i_o think_v the_o reader_n have_v rather_o believe_v they_o than_o to_o go_v to_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o no._n it_o be_v trade_v with_o five_o market-town_n fit_a for_o bargain_v buy_v and_o sell_v fortify_v with_o four_o castle_n and_o have_v sixty_o eight_o parish-church_n in_o it_o where_o the_o inhabitant_n concur_v and_o meet_v together_o for_o the_o celebration_n of_o divine-service_n the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n scotland_n general_a description_n chapter_n i._o scotland_n the_o second_o kingdom_n of_o great-britain_n and_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n have_v on_o the_o east_n the_o german-ocean_n on_o the_o north_n the_o orkneys_n and_o deucalidon-sea_n the_o west_n affront_v with_o ireland_n and_o the_o south_n have_v the_o river_n tweed_n the_o cheviot-hill_n and_o the_o adjacent_a tract_n reach_v to_o the_o sulway-sand_n whereby_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n 2_o this_o kingdom_n be_v fair_a and_o spacious_a and_o from_o these_o south_n border_n spread_v itself_o wide_a into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n till_o again_o it_o contract_v itself_o narrow_a unto_o the_o northern_a promontory_n furnish_v with_o all_o thing_n befit_v a_o famous_a kingdom_n both_o for_o air_n and_o soil_n rivers_n wood_n mountain_n fish_n fowl_n and_o cattle_n and_o corn_n so_o plenteous_a that_o it_o supply_v therewith_o other_o country_n in_o their_o want_n the_o people_n thereof_o be_v of_o good_a feature_n strong_a of_o body_n and_o of_o courageous_a mind_n and_o in_o war_n so_o venturous_a that_o scarce_o any_o service_n of_o note_n have_v be_v perform_v but_o that_o they_o be_v with_o the_o first_o and_o last_o in_o the_o field_n their_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v very_o studious_a of_o learning_n and_o all_o civil_a knowledge_n for_o which_o end_n they_o not_o only_o frequent_v the_o three_o university_n of_o their_o own_o kingdom_n s._n andrews_n glasco_n and_o edoâ—borough_n the_o nursery_n of_o piety_n and_o mansion_n of_o the_o sacred_a muse_n but_o also_o much_o addict_v themselves_o to_o travel_v into_o foreign_a country_n the_o south_n ê‘_n t_o of_o scotland_n wherein_o be_v contain_v edinbrough_n st._n andrew_n and_o glasco_n archbishop_n 4_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n lest_o i_o shall_v seem_v too_o defective_a in_o my_o intendment_n let_v i_o without_o offence_n in_o this_o three_o though_o short_a book_n give_v only_o a_o general_a view_n of_o that_o kingdom_n upon_o observation_n from_o other_o which_o to_o accomplish_v by_o my_o own_o survey_n if_o other_o shall_v hap_v to_o fail_v and_o my_o crazy-aged_n body_n will_v give_v leave_n be_v my_o chief_a desire_n know_v the_o island_n furnish_v with_o many_o worthy_a remembrance_n appertain_v both_o unto_o they_o and_o we_o who_o god_n now_o have_v set_v under_o one_o crown_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o their_o more_o southern_a people_n be_v from_o the_o same_o original_a with_o we_o the_o english_a be_v both_o alike_o the_o saxon_a branch_n as_o also_o that_o the_o pict_n ancient_o inhabit_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v the_o inborn_a britain_n and_o such_o as_o thither_o flee_v to_o avoid_v the_o roman_n servitude_n who_o name_n begin_v first_o to_o be_v distinguish_v under_o dioclesian_n the_o emperor_n when_o they_o be_v term_v pict_n for_o paint_v their_o body_n like_o the_o britain_n as_o say_v flavius_n vigetius_n which_o be_v more_o strengthen_v for_o that_o the_o northern_a britain_n convert_v by_o saint_n columb_n be_v call_v britain-pict_n 5_o but_o the_o highland-man_n the_o natural_a scot_n indeed_o be_v suppose_v to_o descend_v from_o the_o scythian_n who_o with_o the_o getes_n infest_v ireland_n leave_v both_o their_o issue_n there_o and_o their_o manner_n apparent_a in_o the_o wild-irish_a even_o to_o this_o day_n and_o from_o scytha_n as_o be_v think_v the_o name_n of_o scot_n grow_v for_o so_o the_o netherlander_n by_o scutten_n express_v indifferent_o the_o scythian_a or_o scot_n so_o gildas_n call_v the_o irish-britains_n scythian_n so_o king_n elfred_n in_o translate_n the_o history_n of_o orosius_n
west-point_n about_o 80_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o she_o northwest_o about_o 70_o mile_n and_o her_o east_n coast_n along_o the_o irish_a seashore_n eighty_o mile_n the_o circumference_n upon_o two_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a and_o gentle_a mix_v with_o a_o temperate_a disposition_n yield_v neither_o extremity_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a according_a to_o the_o seasonable_a time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o natural_a condition_n of_o the_o continent_n the_o soil_n be_v general_o fruitful_a plentiful_a both_o in_o fish_n and_o flesh_n and_o in_o other_o victual_n as_o butter_n cheese_n and_o milk_n it_o be_v fertile_a in_o corn_n cattle_n and_o pasture_n ground_n and_o will_v be_v much_o more_o if_o the_o husbandman_n do_v but_o apply_v his_o industry_n to_o which_o he_o be_v invite_v by_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n well_o wooded_a except_o the_o county_n of_o divelin_n which_o complain_v much_o of_o that_o want_n be_v so_o destitute_a of_o wood_n that_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o use_v a_o clammy_a kind_n of_o fat_a turf_n for_o their_o fuel_n or_o sea-coal_n bring_v out_o of_o england_n 4_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n in_o ptolemy_n day_n be_v the_o brigantes_n menapii_n cauci_n and_o â—lani_fw-la from_o which_o blani_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v derive_v and_o contract_v the_o latter_a and_o modern_a name_n of_o this_o country_n lâ—in_n leighnigh_fw-mi and_o leinster_n the_o menapii_n as_o the_o name_n do_v after_o a_o sort_n imply_v come_v from_o the_o menapian_n a_o nation_n in_o low_a germany_n that_o dwell_v by_o the_o seacoast_n these_o brigantes_n call_v also_o brigant_n florianus_n del_fw-it campo_n a_o â—paniard_n labour_v to_o fetch_v from_o the_o brigant_n of_o his_o own_o country_n of_o who_o a_o ancient_a city_n in_o spain_n call_v brigantia_n take_v the_o name_n but_o they_o may_v seem_v rather_o to_o derive_v their_o denomination_n from_o the_o river_n birgus_n about_o which_o they_o inhabit_v for_o to_o this_o the_o very_a name_n be_v almost_o sufficient_a to_o persuade_v we_o 5_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n do_v chief_o consist_v in_o cattle_n seafowl_n and_o fish_n it_o breed_v many_o excellent_a good_a horse_n call_v irish_a hobby_n which_o have_v not_o the_o same_o pace_n that_o other_o horse_n have_v in_o their_o course_n but_o a_o soft_a and_o round_o amble_v set_v very_o easy_o 6_o this_o country_n have_v in_o it_o three_o river_n of_o note_n term_v in_o old_a time_n the_o three_o sister_n shower_n neor_n and_o batraeo_n which_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o huge_a mountain_n call_v by_o giraldus_n bladinae_n montes_n as_o out_o of_o their_o mother_n womb_n and_o from_o their_o rise_a top_n descend_v with_o a_o downfall_n into_o several_a channel_n before_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o ocean_n join_v hand_n in_o hand_n altogether_o in_o a_o mutual_a league_n and_o combination_n 7_o place_n very_o dangerous_a for_o ship_v be_v certain_a flat_n and_o shallows_o in_o the_o sea_n that_o lie_v over_o against_o holy-point_n which_o the_o mariner_n call_v the_o ground_n also_o the_o shelf_n of_o sand_n that_o lie_v a_o great_a way_n in_o length_n opposite_a to_o newcastlâ—_n which_o over_o look_v they_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a hill_n adjoin_v 8_o in_o this_o province_n be_v place_v many_o fair_a and_o wealthy_a town_n as_o kilkenny_n which_o for_o a_o burrough-town_n excel_v all_o the_o midland_n burrough_n in_o this_o island_n kildare_n which_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v and_o much_o grace_v in_o the_o first_o infancy_n of_o the_o irish_a church_n by_o reason_n of_o saint_n brigid_n a_o venerable_a virgin_n have_v in_o great_a account_n and_o estimation_n for_o her_o virginity_n and_o devotion_n as_o who_o be_v the_o disciple_n of_o s._n patrick_n of_o so_o great_a fame_n renown_n and_o antiquity_n also_o weisford_n a_o name_n give_v unto_o it_o by_o these_o german_n who_o the_o irish_a term_n oustman_n a_o town_n though_o inferior_a to_o some_o yet_o as_o memorable_a as_o any_o so_o that_o it_o become_v the_o first_o colony_n of_o the_o english_a and_o do_v first_o submit_v itself_o unto_o their_o protection_n be_v assault_v by_o fitz_n stephen_n a_o captain_n worthy_o make_v famous_a for_o his_o valour_n and_o magnanimity_n 9_o but_o the_o city_n which_o fame_n may_v just_o celebrate_v alone_o beyond_o all_o the_o city_n or_o town_n in_o ireland_n be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v divelin_n ptolemy_n eblana_n the_o latinist_n dublinium_n and_o dubliniâ—_n the_o west-britaines_n dinas_n dublin_n the_o english-saxons_a in_o time_n past_a duplin_n and_o the_o irish_a balacleigh_n that_o be_v the_o town_n upon_o hurdle_n for_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o place_n be_v fennish_a and_o moorish_a when_o it_o first_o begin_v to_o be_v build_v the_o foundation_n be_v lay_v upon_o hurdle_n 10_o that_o it_o be_v ancient_a be_v persuade_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o ptolemy_n that_o it_o be_v grievous_o rend_v and_o dismember_v in_o the_o tumultuous_a war_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o bring_v afterward_o under_o the_o subjection_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n which_o his_o charter_n also_o confirm_v wherein_o he_o call_v it_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o ireland_n be_v write_v by_o saxon_a grammaticus_n that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o harold_n of_o norway_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v harold_n harsager_n when_o he_o have_v bring_v the_o great_a part_n of_o ireland_n into_o a_o awful_a obedience_n unto_o he_o we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o griffith_n ap_fw-mi sinan_n prince_n of_o wales_n at_o length_n it_o yield_v unto_o the_o valour_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o english_a at_o their_o first_o arrival_n into_o ireland_n by_o who_o it_o be_v manful_o defend_v from_o the_o fierce_a assault_n as_o well_o of_o auscoulph_n prince_n of_o the_o dublinian_o as_o afterward_o of_o gotard_n king_n of_o the_o isle_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v still_o augment_v her_o flourish_a estate_n and_o give_v approve_a testimony_n of_o her_o faith_n and_o loyalty_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o any_o tumultuous_a straits_n and_o commotion_n 11_o this_o be_v the_o royal_a seat_n of_o ireland_n strong_a in_o her_o munition_n beautiful_a in_o her_o building_n and_o for_o the_o quantity_n matchable_a to_o many_o other_o city_n frequent_a for_o traffic_v and_o intercourse_n of_o merchant_n in_o the_o east_n suburb_n henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n as_o hoveden_n report_v cause_v a_o royal_a palace_n to_o be_v erect_v and_o henry_n loundres_n archbishop_n of_o divelin_n build_v a_o store_n house_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1220._o not_o far_o from_o it_o be_v the_o beautiful_a college_n consecrate_v unto_o the_o name_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n which_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o famous_a memory_n dignify_v with_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o university_n the_o church_n of_o s._n patrick_n be_v much_o enlarge_v by_o king_n john_n be_v by_o john_n come_v archbishop_n of_o dublin_n bear_v at_o evesham_n in_o england_n first_o ordain_v to_o be_v a_o church_n of_o prebend_n in_o the_o year_n 1191_o it_o do_v at_o this_o day_n maintain_v a_o dean_n a_o chanter_n a_o chancellor_n a_o treasurer_n two_o archdeacon_n and_o twenty_o two_o prebendary_n this_o city_n in_o time_n past_a for_o the_o due_a administration_n of_o civil_a government_n have_v a_o provost_n for_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o man_n redemption_n 1409_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o grant_v they_o liberty_n to_o choose_v every_o year_n a_o major_a and_o two_o bailiff_n and_o that_o the_o major_n shall_v have_v a_o gild_a sword_n carry_v before_o he_o for_o ever_o and_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o to_o heap_v more_o honour_n upon_o this_o place_n change_v the_o two_o bailiff_n afterward_o into_o sheriff_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n here_o want_v that_o may_v serve_v to_o make_v the_o estate_n of_o a_o city_n most_o flourish_a 12_o as_o the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n do_v about_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o divelin_n come_v near_o unto_o the_o civil_a condition_n and_o orderly_a subjection_n of_o the_o english_a so_o in_o place_n far_o off_o they_o be_v more_o tumultuous_a be_v at_o deadly_a feud_n among_o themselves_o commit_v ofttimes_o man_n slaughter_n one_o upon_o another_o and_o work_v their_o own_o mischief_n by_o mutual_a wrong_n for_o so_o the_o irish_a of_o leinster_n waste_v leinster_n with_o many_o town_n in_o the_o same_o province_n in_o the_o year_n 1294._o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1301_o the_o man_n of_o leinster_n in_o like_a manner_n raise_v a_o war_n in_o the_o winter_n season_n set_v on_o fire_n the_o town_n of_o wykinlo_n rathdoâ—_n and_o other_o work_v their_o own_o plague_n and_o punishment_n by_o burn_v
be_v breselare_v and_o neisse_n 32_o moravia_n on_o the_o east_n of_o bohemia_n and_o south_n of_o silesia_n her_o chief_a city_n be_v almusium_fw-la olmutz_n and_o brin_n 33_o pomerania_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o iâ—tula_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o baltic_a ocean_n her_o metropolis_n be_v stetin_n oâ—hers_v chief_a be_v wolâ—â—st_n wallin_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o west_n of_o this_o region_n stand_v 34_o mecklingburg_n or_o mâ—galopâ—lis_n a_o place_n provincial_n of_o itself_o and_o have_v town_n of_o note_n malâ—hawe_n rostock_n etc._n etc._n 22_o 35_o aâ—stria_n a_o archdukedome_n it_o lie_v upon_o hungary_n and_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o german_n the_o eastern_a bâ—â—nd_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v former_o call_v pannonia_n superior_a it_o be_v a_o rich_a country_n her_o chief_a city_n be_v viâ—nna_n famous_a for_o beauty_n wealth_n and_o learning_n emps_fw-fr st._n leopald_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v reckon_v to_o this_o region_n the_o province_n of_o styria_n carinthia_n carinola_n and_o by_o some_o tirolum_n bohemia_n petrus_n kaerius_fw-la caelavit_fw-la the_o description_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n in_o our_o description_n of_o germany_n we_o reckon_v bohemia_n but_o as_o a_o province_n among_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o she_o be_v mention_v there_o with_o no_o more_o solemnity_n than_o the_o other_o part_n be_v we_o purpose_v here_o to_o declare_v it_o a_o entire_a kingdom_n of_o itself_o which_o beside_o her_o own_o compass_n as_o she_o be_v most_o common_o limit_v by_o geographer_n have_v under-subject_n dukedom_n and_o marquisates_n such_o as_o do_v her_o homage_n and_o make_v she_o well_o worthy_a of_o a_o more_o particular_a history_n than_o we_o have_v before_o room_n for_o 2_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n be_v the_o bemorum_fw-la magna_fw-la gens_fw-la as_o ptolemy_n call_v it_o and_o place_v it_o somewhat_o south_n towards_o danubius_n under_o suna_n sylva_fw-la after_o they_o the_o boii_n a_o people_n of_o gallia_n lugdunensis_n which_o have_v be_v before_o conquer_v by_o caesar_n say_v quadus_n and_o pack_v over_o the_o alps_n to_o seek_v they_o a_o new_a seat_n in_o italy_n but_o when_o they_o find_v the_o roman_n too_o hot_a for_o their_o abode_n there_o they_o be_v force_v to_o trudge_v far_o and_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n rhine_n into_o germany_n as_o strabo_n witness_v where_o they_o find_v they_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o lurk_v in_o compass_v with_o a_o large_a wood_n call_v the_o sylva_n hircinia_n and_o like_o enough_o they_o join_v in_o with_o the_o bemi_a to_o make_v up_o the_o name_n of_o bohemia_n but_o neither_o here_o do_v they_o enjoy_v their_o peace_n long_o for_o they_o be_v in_o time_n nestle_v out_o by_o a_o potent_a people_n of_o swevia_n call_v marcomanni_n and_o they_o again_o have_v the_o like_a measure_n from_o the_o sclavonian_n a_o barbarous_a crew_n which_o come_v in_o upon_o they_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o exile_a murderer_n of_o croatia_n one_o zechius_fw-la about_o the_o year_n five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o 3_o from_o that_o time_n there_o have_v be_v no_o general_a expulsion_n but_o the_o present_a bohemian_n be_v the_o progeny_n of_o those_o sclavonian_n who_o very_a language_n and_o custom_n be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o at_o this_o day_n doubtless_o it_o be_v at_o first_o a_o rude_a commonwealth_n that_o have_v no_o other_o governor_n but_o so_o ungoverned_a a_o multitude_n for_o so_o they_o continue_v above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o zechius_fw-la but_o when_o they_o have_v for_o a_o time_n endure_v the_o misery_n of_o such_o a_o confusion_n they_o be_v content_a to_o agree_v upon_o some_o one_o for_o their_o prince_n that_o may_v rule_v they_o and_o the_o first_o which_o they_o elect_v be_v croâ—us_n a_o man_n of_o grâ—at_a esteem_n among_o they_o for_o his_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n 4_o till_o the_o time_n of_o vratislaus_n it_o have_v the_o title_n of_o a_o dukedom_n only_o he_o be_v the_o fiâ—st_a king_n and_o be_v create_v by_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o germany_n anno_fw-la one_o thousand_o eighty_o six_o yet_o after_o that_o again_o for_o the_o succession_n of_o six_o prince_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o duke_n for_o the_o second_o king_n be_v vladislaus_n the_o three_o crown_v by_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n in_o the_o year_n one_o thâ—usand_o one_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o and_o the_o three_o primaslaus_n crown_v by_o the_o emperor_n philip_n one_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o nienty_n nine_o after_o six_o other_o duke_n from_o his_o predecessor_n vlaâ—islaus_n the_o three_o it_o have_v be_v now_o long_o since_o full_o settle_v into_o a_o kingdom_n and_o be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o right_n noble_a frederick_n count_n elector_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o husband_n to_o the_o illustrious_a elizabeth_n daughter_n to_o our_o late_a sovereign_a king_n james._n they_o be_v both_o crown_v at_o prague_n in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o but_o have_v be_v enforce_v ever_o since_o to_o maintain_v their_o right_n by_o continual_a war_n against_o fâ—rdinand_n the_o second_o who_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o adoption_n which_o declare_v he_o successor_n to_o mathias_n lay_v claim_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o boâ—â—mia_n but_o the_o â—asâ—_n be_v before_o deâ—ided_v in_o their_o three_o vladislaus_n who_o though_o as_o deep_o 〈◊〉_d to_o tâ—e_v kingdom_n as_o 〈◊〉_d coâ—ld_v be_v yet_o for_o that_o he_o have_v pass_v no_o legal_a â—lâ—ctâ—on_n accâ—â—ding_v to_o â—â—â—ir_a custom_n and_o privilege_n he_o be_v depose_v by_o the_o state_n and_o vladislâ—us_o choose_v in_o his_o room_n 5_o there_o remain_v no_o great_a difficulty_n concern_v the_o naâ—e_n it_o appear_v sufficient_o to_o procee_v either_o from_o her_o first_o people_n or_o first_o prince_n who_o as_o some_o report_n be_v one_o boemus_n and_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_v that_o though_o this_o land_n have_v in_o sundry_a age_n be_v so_o often_o ransack_v and_o poâ—â—st_n by_o stranger_n and_o tyrant_n yet_o in_o her_o name_n she_o constant_o preserve_v the_o memory_n only_o of_o her_o fâ—â—st_a native_n and_o have_v not_o suffer_v that_o change_n as_o we_o have_v do_v from_o albion_n to_o britain_n from_o britain_n to_o eâ—gland_n aâ—d_v so_o indeed_o it_o be_v with_o almost_o all_o which_o have_v be_v equal_o subject_a to_o the_o like_a invasion_n 6_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o germany_n and_o be_v easy_o descry_v in_o ouâ—_n common_a map_n by_o the_o hircinian_n forest_n hold_v in_o the_o roman_n time_n to_o be_v nine_o day_n journey_n in_o breadth_n and_o in_o length_n at_o lest_o forty_o so_o caeser_n in_o his_o six_o com._n it_o â—oseth_v boâ—emia_n on_o every_o side_n insomuch_o that_o to_o shâ—w_o they_o be_v not_o unlike_o a_o amphitheatre_n it_o be_v mâ—ginus_n his_o comparison_n the_o several_a part_n of_o thâ—s_a wood_n be_v know_v by_o divers_a name_n which_o they_o take_v from_o the_o country_n adjacent_a the_o portion_n north_n west_n be_v by_o sâ—rabo_n call_v gaâ—reta_n sylva_n that_o south_n towards_o danubius_n luâ—a_n sylva_n by_o ptolemy_n non_fw-la sâ—lva_fw-la passarica_fw-la and_o so_o the_o rest_n without_o this_o wall_n of_o bohemia_n as_o qâ—adus_n call_v it_o her_o limit_n be_v on_o the_o west_n franconia_n on_o the_o north_n lâ—satia_n and_o misâ—ia_n on_o the_o south_n â—avaria_fw-la and_o austria_n on_o the_o east_n â—oravia_fw-la and_o silesia_n the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n circular_a and_o the_o diameter_n be_v esteem_v three_o daâ—es_n journey_n to_o a_o quick_a traveller_n the_o circuit_n contain_v five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o mile_n of_o good_a ground_n fertile_a and_o pleasant_a enrich_v as_o well_o by_o her_o river_n as_o land_n commodity_n 7_o her_o principal_a be_v 1_o albis_n elve_n which_o have_v hâ—s_o rise_v in_o the_o hircinian_n wood_n and_o the_o name_n from_o eleven_o fountain_n which_o meet_v in_o oâ—e_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n for_o elve_v or_o elbe_n in_o the_o german_a tongue_n signify_v eleven_o it_o run_v through_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o by_o the_o chief_a city_n prague_n and_o at_o last_o vent_v itself_o into_o the_o german_a ocean_n of_o this_o lucan_n thus_o fundat_fw-la ab_fw-la extremo_fw-la flavos_fw-la aquilene_n suevos_fw-la albis_n &_o indomitum_fw-la rheni_n caput_fw-la 2_o multaria_n mulda_n 3_o egra_n which_o give_v a_o name_n to_o a_o town_n 4_o sassâ—va_n 5_o gisera_fw-la 6_o missa_fw-la 7_o vatto_n they_o be_v receive_v all_o into_o the_o river_n albis_n yield_v excellent_a salmon_n and_o plenty_n and_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v report_n there_o be_v oft_o time_n find_v in_o the_o sand_n lump_n of_o pure_a gold_n which_o need_v no_o other_o refine_n and_o very_o precious_a shell_n of_o great_a value_n 8_o it_o seem_v the_o water_n supply_v that_o only_a defect_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o their_o land_n for_o it_o be_v