Selected quad for the lemma: prince_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
prince_n	castille_n	king_n	portugal_n	4,809	5	11.1728	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40439	The life of Dom John de Castro, the fourth vice-roy of India wherein are seen the Portuguese's voyages to the East-Indies, their discoveries and conquests there, the form of government, commerce, and discipline of warr in the east, and the topography of all India and China : containing also a particular relation of the most famous siege of Dio, with a map to illustrate it / by Jacinto Freire de Andrada, written in Portuguese ; and by Sr Peter Wyche, Kt., translated into English.; Vida de Dom João de Castro, quarto viso-rey da India. English	Freire de Andrade, Jacinto, 1597-1657.; Wyche, Peter, Sir, 1628-1699?	1663 (1663)	Wing F2155; ESTC R7129	235,174	319

soon as Ruy Lopez had notice of Sousa's coming and of the business he came about desiring artificially to excuse or delay breaking with us till the assistance he hop't for came from Spain he sent to Visit him and by a plausible Letter minded him that they were amongst Pagans who that they might be their own Masters Coveted our falling out that we already had Warrs and Enemies enough in India that we were very few to plant so great a World that he profer'd us his Sword with that to keep the Pagans more in awe that as Spaniards they were good Souldiers and as Catholicks they were better Friends that he was to consider Peace with the Emperour more concern'd Portugall then the Cloves of the Malucco that those differences betwixt the Subjects might prove like Mines which often play a great way off the place they were Sprung at 15. To this Letter compos'd of Rodomontados and Flatteries Sousa's answer was that he was but a little man but as short in his Resolution as his Stature that those Islands were his Masters the King of Portugall that he was able with the same Sword which got 'em to defend 'em that he very well knew him to be a Spaniard and a Catholick but that being so did not warrant him to take away his Cloak that the Emperour would not make Warr with Portugall before first reading in the Chronicles of Castile how it far'd with his Predecessors that what he was to do was either to embarque for India or put himself with his men into the Fort thence he would provide him with safe Shipping for Spain 16. The Castilian by this so peremptory Letter saw that Fernaon de Sousa would not by slow-working Physick Cure the distemper and neither able to resist him nor willing to obey him writ to him the second time for a suspension of Arms that they might advise their Princes how things stood and they make an accommodement of this affair for if before employing that diligence there should be any Blood shed it would lye upon both the Kings to revenge their Subjects injuries that there were betwixt Portugall and Castile many pretences and grievances which Peace cover'd that he was not desirous to revive that Fire which was Buried in the Ashes of a long Amnesty that if the Castilians went away with complaints in their Mouths their own injuries might easily bring them back again that though broken with the Sea and their Sufferings if oblig'd to unreasonable conditions their own Gallantry would inspirit 'em with more vigor then their present necessity 17. Fernaon de Sousa by the intrigues of this Letter and other intelligence knowing that the Castilians aim●d at doing their business by delays answer'd that leaving off Arguments he should prepare to defend his right by the Sword 18. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos by this answer finding himself either detected or scorn'd chose rather to be overcome by reason then force and immediately writ to Fernaon de Sousa that the next day only with three Companions they might meet at Sea to conclude on the terms of Passage and Shipping he had proffer'd which was accordingly done Fernaon de Sousa coming from the Fort in a Boat very richly adorn'd and steering to the Castilians who staid for him they spent a great deal of time in the tedious Ceremonies of concluding who was to go into the others Boat the Castilian went into Sousa's where their Salutes and Civilities made way for the business in hand 19. Fernaon de Sousa with a great deal of moderation insisted on the reasons of his pretensions which were engrost and allow'd of by the Kings of Portugall and Castile and which Ruy Lopez de Villalobos was glad to see our right being his discharge they concluded that within three days the Castilians should come into our Fortress of Ternate where passage should be provided 'em for India with liberty to carry away the Goods Commodities and Arms they had and that the King of ●idore of their Faction should continue as before in our favour the Solemnities which ended this agreement were a great Banquet and merrily Drinking their Kings healths a civility they often afforded 'em Fernaon de Sousa as the custom is in India added presents to the entertainment giving Jewels to the Captain and his Companions so leaving 'em more satisfy'd with their Merchandize then dispatch for the pleasantness of the Cloves made up the Disgusts of their reception 20 Fernaon de Sousa having sent away the Captains return'd to the Fort very well satisfy'd that he had so much to the advantage of his own Honour and the State plaind so perplext a business on the third day the day appointed for the Castilians to come to our Fort Fernaon de Sousa made all the Pompous preparations he could to shew the Pleasure with which he expected his Guests whom he went out to Sea to seek which when Ruy Lopez was advis'd of he sent off a Boat from shore desiring him to put off the business till the next day for he was then encountring with some difficulties which from him he should be acquainted with Fernaon de Sousa taking this delay to be design and that the Castilian kept not touch with him and receiving the message at Sea commanded his men to Row and with more passion then prudence went alone amongst the Castilians Ruy de Lopez saw it and with a Guard of fourscore Musquetiers came to wait for him at the Sea-side whence carrying him to his Lodgings told him what a Tumult had hapned amongst his men for Dom Alonso Henriquez Captain of a Ship cloaking his own interest with the zeal of serving his Prince refus'd to stand to the agreement and had about him who upheld his party his Friends and some mutinous Persons possessing the King of Tidore and others with extravagant Jealousies thereby to encrease his Faction calling his Sedition Zeal and the Generals moderation Cowardise for delivering up the Arms and Banners of Spain which with his Life he had sworn to Defend and depriving the Emperour of the Command of such plentifull Islands and the poor Souldiers of the fruit and reward of so dangerous a Voyage that the Portuguese a proud Nation and always Cross to theirs would Laugh at our so tame a surrender But that he knew all that bravery to be falsly grounded for 't was neither the service of Cesar nor the love of Honour which mov'd 'em but the desire of the Cloves of which they had gather'd great quantities and could not trust us that we would let 'em carry to Spain the news of that Commodity whose worth would pay 'em for all the dangers and troubles they had run through Fernaon de Sousa and the rest who said as he did hearing this as to that particular took off their fears and the Castilians gallantry only covering their interest the next day they rendred themselves at the Fort forgetting the high words in which

by my Blood shall see my Loyalty and be the success good or bad I shall not count Death less Honourable then Victory 8. Coge-Sofar's Arguments were for the Odiousness of the cause and the Authority of his Person well approv'd of The King after magnifying his Loyalty commits to him as to one who out-went all the rest in his Zeal and Conduct the design He immediately quickens the preparations by diverse messages to the Neighbouring Kings putting them in mind of the Affronts had been put upon 'em and offering them his Princes arms in favour of their grievances He dispach't Embassadours to Constantinople inviting the Turk to redeem the credit of his Arms by beating the Portuguese out of India a thing which as much concern'd their Religion as Policy He made way for the Succour he ask't of him with a present of so great Value as 't was more likely to stirr up the Turks ambition against his Riches then that he should send him Auxiliary Forces to maintain ' em 9. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas was then Commander in chief in Dio great by his Birth in Portugall by his Virtue in the East a man who deserv'd as well from his Fame as Fortune He by private intelligence knowing Coge-Sofar's designs a●d that all his preparations threatned that Fortress writ what advise he had to Dom Iohn de Castro and that he wanted Men Ammunition and other necessaries neglects which so many years Peace wink 't at or 't was perhaps that our men thought themselves secure by the reputation of the former Victory he added too that the Soldan●s ●s Levies were very forward and the Enemy near and that Winter would shortly come which would shut out all Relief 10. When Dom Iohn de Castro receiv'd this advise he had already sent two hundred Souldiers to the Fortress under the Commands of Dom Iohn and Dom Pedro de Almeyda Sons to Dom Lopo de Almeyda the other Commanders were Gil Coutinho and Luis de Sousa Son to the High Chancellor of the Kingdome And that he might know the condition of the Enemy He dspatch't two Envoys experienc't in the Coast and In-land of Cambaya with Letters to Soldan Mahamud in which he told him the advice he had of the Levies and preparations he had made of which he hop't for an account from him because like a Friend he would accompany him in his design which he could at present very easily do having ready at Sea a very strong Fleet and in the Fortress of Dio stout Souldiers with an Overplus of Provision who had much rather enrich themselves with the spoils of VVarr then be at the pittance of an idle Peace He charg'd too those he sent cunningly to observe the Enemies Forces what Auxiliaries he had and what the people said that so by that they might Dive into the bottom of the design But whilst our Envoys are setting Sail we will forbear speaking about the business of Cambaya to make room for the successes in the Molucco's which depend on this Government 11. The Molucco's were many years under the obedience of our Laws Discovered and Conquer'd by the Arms of this Crown which were the first of Europe came to those Islands assign'd to us by the partition the Pope made 'twixt the Kings of Portugall and Castile the King Dom Manoel had on his side the right of Arms and Laws these Islands not coming to Portugall by Conquest only but by Inheritance In the time of the King Dom Manoel the last and first of the Name the Church and State equally flourish't in those Islands the light of the Gospel in the ecclipse of Paganism shining there through his Zeal many Kingdoms receiv'd from this so happy Prince their Religion and Government This King Dom Manoel Baptiz●d in Goa was amongst others King and Lord of the chief Islands of the Molucco's who well grounded in the Mysteries of our Faith returning to Govern and Instruct his people Dy'd without any Heir in Molucco and out of Gratitude for the benefits receiv'd of this Crown left by Solemn will Confirm'd by all the Formalities of the Law the King Dom Iohn the third Heir of the Kingdoms of the Molucco's to be successively annex't to the Crown of Portugall These Islands first discovered with Pains defended with our Blood and possest with so much Right have we seen parted with against the opinion of the best Lawyers and Geographers to Castile 12. The Governour Dom Iohn de Castro found in Goa Cachil de Aeyro one of great Power in the Molucco's who had for his Service deserv'd well of the State and was the nearest Ally'd to the Royal blood of the last Prince Dom Manoel but by many accidents so poor as he came to India to recommend himself to our Charity The Governour thinking his misfortunes not deserv'd by his Blood believing too that the memory of our Kings would be more honour'd by giving away then receiving a Kingdome invested him in the Crown of the Molucco's with this caution that in him and his Posterity the exercise of the Regality should depend on Portugall Amongst the Kings of India some made so great a gift a piece of Prodigality others of Pride but all stood amaz'd that we should take so much pains for what we gave away so easily 13. Whilst this was doing things in the Molucco's were not a little disturb'd by the arrival of three Castilian Ships which falling from their intended course got sight of those Islands and to refresh themselves after a Storm at Sea and carry their Prince more certainty of their discovery Landed in the Island Tidore I will not relate the Resistance our men made 'em because that hapned under an other Government and is Written by a better Pen I 'le but just tell what fell out in Castro's time who sent Fernaon de Sousa de Tavora to the Molucco's to dislodge the Castilians who invited by the Plenty and Richness of the Soil had a mind to enjoy the Fruits of other mens Labours and disturb the Peace and Trade of those Islands to which by Conquest and Inheritance we had a double Title Ruy Lopez de Villalobos a man more wary then Valiant was Commander of the Castilians he had proudly boasted of the strength of the Emperour Charls the Fifth his Master and of the advantage which from his Friendship those Pagan Kings might receive in their Warrs and Trade had too handled the report of us with a great deal of Disparagement and things hop't for being in the opinion of men greater then those at present some of the Islands listned to the Castilian pleading for it either sleight or forgotten Grievances 14. Fernaon de Sousa sent by the Governour arriv'd about this time at Molucco who upon information how things stood by Iurdaon de Freitas Commander in chief of the Fortress perceiv'd the Castilians party grew greater in hopes of Succour and Money promis'd from Spain As

ceremonies protesting they would hold out the City as a Member of the State to which they were by obedience Vassals by affection Children but Dom Payo so carry'd himself as to forfeit the reputation of our Arms in the East in favour to so great a Family we will omit the particulars of the Story though by an other Pen written with more Liberty in ordinary History 80. The Citizens of Adem though ill protected by Dom Payo lost not their devotion to the State holding out the City with only the name of Portugal in their mouths and either not having or not desiring other protection resolv'd to send one of the Blood-Royal to the Governour to advise him of their condition on whose extremities he might raise a new Name by not sleighting the glory of helping the afflicted that the Prince of Adem would receive Laws and his Crown from the State to whom he would turn Feudatary with a gratefull and honourable Tribute 81. Dom Iohn de Castro was over-joy'd to hear the report of his Name and Victories reach't the Ears of Princes so remote heightning not only their Reverence but Subjection the message gave extraordinary content to Goa seeing their Governours fortune bring the State the felicity of the first discovery of India since where other Arms were scarce heard of his were Obey'd 82. The Governour gave the expedition to his Son Dom Alvaro who had so well deserv'd in all he undertook as it look't not like the election of a Father but of a publick Minister diverse old Cavalliers desir'd to accompany him whom the Governour by a modest decree took off commanding their stay in Goa because he should want 'em for more important business yet such was their eagerness on the expedition as they look't on the decree as a common grievance the fault of those times seem'd to be the ambition of dangers the Governour satisfy'd 'em and was content to see such Emulation begot under his Discipline He presently gave order for the Equipping and Victualling thirty Galleys and made Commanders of 'em Dom Antonio de Noronha Son of the Vice-King Dom Garcia Antonio Moniz Barretto who went Governour of the Fortress to be made in Adem Do● Pedro d' Eca Dom Fernando Coutinho Pero de Attayde Inferno Dom Ioan de Attayde Alvaro Paez de Sottomajor Fernaon Perez de Andrade Pero Lopez de Sousa Ruy Diaz Pereira Pero Botelho Porca Brother to Diogo Botelho one of the Infante Lewis's Family Alvaro Serraon Luis Homem Melchior Botelho Over-seer of the Revenue Gomez da Sylva Antonio da Veiga Luis Alvarez de Sousa Ioaon Rodriguez Correa Diogo Correa who came with the Embassadour of Adem Diogo Banho Pero Preto Alvaro da Gama and others 83. But few days before the Fleet weigh'd came to Goa an Embassadour from the King of Caxem from whom his Neighbours the Fartaques had usurp't a considerable part of his Kingdome He reigning on the Southern Shore of Arabia and knowing Adem was to be reliev'd by our Armado concluding that with the same Fleet we might restore him writ to the Governour that the Restitution of Caxem would not be less Laudable in the World then the defence of Adem Represented what secure entertainment our Fleet had found in his Ports reckon'd up those which at several times had Anchor'd there on which he was suspitious to the Turk offer'd also besides his Loyalty a reasonable Tribute The Governour considering that by those succours our Arms came into repute and got friends to the State ordered the same Fleet should countenance Caxem the atchieving both the one and other design being but the same Voyage and expence and because the Siege of Adem stood in need of speedy supplies the Governour fore-seeing the main Body of the Fleet would arrive too late and so frustrate the aim and design sent away Dom Iohn de Attayde with four Vessels to make his way into Adem and hold out the Siege till Alvaro's arrival Dom Iohn de Attayde set Sail the fresh North-west Winds endammag'd one of the Ships which arriv'd shattered the rest persu'd their Voyage 84. The Besiegers and Besieg'd in the mean time fought resolutely in Adem drawing Blood on both sides The weight of the Warr light upon some Portuguese of Payo's Fleet who shew'd from a mean Origine glorious Courage so engag'd in the resistance as if they had defended their own Country not a strangers Dominion these suffis'd to retard for many days the Turks Victory and being Souldiers of Fortune our Chronicles in ungratefull silence obscure their Names as if Virtue of necessity were to have noble Progenitors and these were for their own Actions less honourable then others for other men's I believe the great Ones have with injuring Nature set up new Laws not making only Estates but Deserts hereditary 85. Things in Adem being as we have said in that Contingency there appear'd a Fleet of Turks of nine Galleys Royal and some small Vessels which fac't the City and coming to Anchor out of the Bay got to Shore where they Pitch't their Tents and Fortify'd their Encamping advising the Bashaw to joyn 'em with his Army The Arabs on sight of so great numbers come against 'em came remissly to the Defence some Pusillanimous others out of Heart thought the Courage and Strength of the Enemy insuperable and at private meetings blam'd the King's am●ition of dilating his Crown with the Blood of his innocent Subjects not content with the fortune of his Predecessours but the Portuguese amongst 'em observing the brightest Fame work't out of difficulties forc't on the Arabs convincing the Resistance to be necessary and possible offering themselves afresh to be the voluntary Companions of their Fortune enough to put new Courage in 'em upon which they vow'd to Dye in their defence not so much out of Obligation as Example 86. The Turks Besieg'd the City by raising two Batteries with pieces on 'em of an extravagant bigness two amongst the rest by them call'd Quartaos carry'd a Bullet of four Palmes circumference which made more Ruins then Breaches in the Walls and from the danger taught the Besieged discipline who made their Retrenchments and Traverses within by which they entertain'd and blunted their assaults and made the Turk's Victory doubtfull and costly But Dom Payo de Noronha carry'd away by some resolute fatality depriv'd the Arabs of the Victory ours of the Honour sending private Orders to all the Portuguese to come and joyn him thus forsaking the defence of a Prince a Friend and Feudatory not complying with the obligation of either his Birth o● Office Most of the Portuguese obey'd only Manoel Pereira and Francisco Vieira two Souldiers of Fortune said the City was the Kings of Portugal and they would lose their Lives in the defence it appears the Warrs of those times seem'd to require first Courage then Discipline these two held out the City till the last day and gain'd more repute

in its Ruins then the Turks in their Victory 87. As soon as the Arabs understood the Portuguese were Retreated all hopes of Defence being desperate they began to parly but the Prince commanded 'em to give over Treating saying he had rather be beaten out then give up the City that the Turks should not without some stains of their Blood win those Colours of the Kings of Portugal Loyalty which deserv'd better Assistance from our Arms. The Enemy knowing the Division and Coolness of the Inhabitants continued his Assaults which brought on again the Speech of a Surrender which the Prince always broke off constant to himself and the State but danger famine and despair prevail'd with some of the Inhabitants to give up a secret Gate to the Enemy at which he entred the City The Prince fighting with Royal but Unfortunate courage disengag'd with his Life the Loyalty he had promis'd to the State Manoel Pereira and Francisco Vieira sav'd a young Prince whom they carry'd to Campar comforting the Subjects with that tender branch of its prostrate Trunk 88. Dom Iohn de Attayde whom we left with three Ships at Sea continued on his Voyage and having favourable Winds in few days saw the Coast of Arabia He stood for the City Adem and Rowing into the Harbour got amongst the Galleys which were there at Anchor but the Easterly winds yet reigning got out to Sea again The Turks on the sight of our Ships immediately weigh'd and by the advantage of their Oars gave us so hot a Chase that the two Ships commanded by Gomez da Sylva and Antonio da Veiga were almost under the Prow of their Galleys and seeing it impossible to fly much more to resist ran their Vessels on the Shore which was near them and by that means scap't with their Lives Dom Iohn de Attayde who was in the best Ship bore up what he could against the Wind seeing himself often lost till by the Night coming on he stood for Abexim under which Shore he carin'd his Ship in the Island of Mete which lies o're against the Cities of Barbara and Zeila those who sav'd themselves by Land got to the protection of the King of Campar where they found Manoel Pereira and Francisco Vieira who acquainted them with the success we have now related they were entertain'd and provided of all things with plenty and affection 89. Dom Alvaro de Castro seeting Sail with the whole Fleet and going before the Easterly winds made a short Voyage and got so farr as to recover the Islands of Canecanim where he met with Dom Iohn de Attayde of whom he knew the loss of Adem and how the Turks chas'd him from whose Galleys he had by the favour of the Night freed himself Dom Alvaro with the Gentlemen and Souldiers of the Fleet betray'd a just resentment at the News valuing less the loss of that State then the foil of our Arms because both amongst Natives and Strangers the sinking in opinion is always Eternis'd The King of Campar's Embassadour and Brother-in-law who was in our Fleet becomingly resented the Deaths of his Brother-in-law and Nephew yet was not a little comforted with the knowledge they were not in Arrerages to Honour or Loyalty and on those considerations shew'd as strong a mind as if he had been to calm an others sorrow Dom Alvaro consulted with the Officers of the Fleet what was to be done and all were of opinion since the relief of Adem had been ineffectual to divert their Arms in favour of the King of Caxem as the Fleet had instructions on whom the Bordering Fartaques had surpris'd the Fortress of Xael which commanded a Haven the principal Scale of those few that petty King had a design more advantagious then difficult 90. Dom Alvaro commanded to Steer to Xael and coming to Anchor in sight of the Castle the Fartaques out of either fear or friendship receiv'd peaceably our Armado The Fort was Built of Turfs with four so little Works as five and thirty Souldiers who were there in Garrison were enough to Man it These men on sight of our Fleet sent out a Woman who understood and spoke Portuguese to ask for the Commander in chief and tell him the Fartaques were friends to the State that if we came to demand that Fortress they would immediately quit it many concluded the proposition acceptable for of so few Enemies and without Name we could not expect Glory or Booty most Voted that for the Authority of our Arms we should summon 'em to Surrender on discretion The woman well understanding this resolution and ill satisfy'd with our answer reply'd that the Fartaques knew how to defend both their Lives and the Castle The Moors upon that took down the white Flagg and planted an other Red one Ours immediately discharg'd some Canon-shot but so at Rovers as to do no Dammage Dom Alvaro with all his men surrounded the Fortress which he commanded should be Scal'd in diverse places securing those who went on with his Musquets from below and the charge being uninterrupted the Moors durst not appear Fernaon Perez was the first who began with a Ladder to clime carrying with him his Colours which he planted and maintain'd on the Wall almost at the same instant got up Pero Botelho with the same hazard and fortune as the former these clear'd the Scaling for the rest 91 Antonio Moniz Barretto Dom Antonio de Noronha Dom Iohn de Attayde and others went to a Gate of the Fortress which was stop●t up with Bushes and found it impossible to enter till our men went on the inside and dis-ingag'd it the Fartaques retir'd to two Works whence with desperate Courage they defended themselves refusing their Lives offer'd 'em by Dom Alvaro which they seem'd willing to lose out of revenge or to credit that force they could not resist stoutness being even amongst these Infidels the most Cardinal virtue The Moors in fine fought till they all fell such Barbarous obstinacy not deserving the name of Courage where there was no hope of Victory or Revenge of our men five Dy'd the Wounded were above forty 92. When the Fortress was gain'd an action more considerable to the Prince then famous for us Dom Alvaro delivered it to the King of Caxem's Embassadour who shew'd then his gratitude for so signal a favour in Victualling the Fleet afterwards in holding faithfull correspondence with the State and the Season of the year being almost spent Dom Alvaro went to Winter at Goa where he was receiv'd with applause above the Victory a Ceremony the Governour indulg'd as a Father and Dom Alvaro pris'd as a Souldier 93. Lourenco Pirez de Tavora came with five Ships in Company to the Barr of Lisbone having had not only a short but happy and prosperous Voyage we told of Mascarenhas's coming on them full of fame and deserts the news of Dio being immediately spread amongst the People every one

D. IOAO DE CASTRO THE FOVRTH VICEROY OF INDIA W. Faithorne sculp THE LIFE OF DOM JOHN DE CASTRO The Fourth Vice-Roy of INDIA Wherein are seen the Portuguese's Voyages to the East-Indies Their Discoveries and Conquests there The form of Government Commerce and Discipline of Warr in the East and the Topography of all India and China Containing also a particular relation of the most famous siege of DIO With a Map to Illustrate it BY IACINTO FREIRE DE ANDRADA Written in PORTUGUESE AND By Sr PETER WYCHE Kt. Translated into English 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hesio. London Printed for Henry Herringman and are to be sold at his Shop at the Sign of the Anchor on the Lower walk in the New Exchange 1664. TO THE QUEENS Most Excellent Majesty May it please your Majesty EVery Man's way of paying his Reverence and Devotion being particularly his own and as peculiar as any thing he derives from his Temper and the Splendor of Your Majesties Vertues and Perfections of which to name any first were to fail in Ceremony to the rest being as Glorious and Unquestionable as Light in the Sun who daily Prodigal of his Benign Aspects is yet above being the Theame and Subject of Praises I have thought it suitable to my Zeal and first Imployment had in Portugall to tell my Fellow-Subjects in plain English the Greatness and Glory of that Crown and Kingdome which are Contractedly drawn in the Life of one particular Portuguese since the Ministers Actions have their Spring in the King's Instructions and the Prince's Zeal makes the Subjects Apostles And now Madam the Praises of your Native Country will come with Advantage to the Eyes and Ears of the English since your Majesty so Endear'd before as to make them Hope in Despair and Joyn such is the Miracle of your Goodness in one Form of Common-Prayer for your Happy Recovery when so many thousands so Sacrifize to their own Opinions as to be willing with their Lives and Fortunes to pay for their Non-conformity will be now look't upon as the Queen of every particular Man's choice The Life of the great Portuguese Dom Iohn de Castro Dedicated in the Original to Prince Theodosius of Happy Memory Your Royal Brother hath Suggested the presumption of Begging for the Translation your Sacred and Auspitious Patronage which only in so Censorious an Age can protect in Print and in Safety Madam Your Majesties most Loyal Subject and most Dutifull Servant PETER WYCHE THE Authors Dedication To Prince THE ODOSIUS Of Happy Memory Who was Heir of Portugall and Eldest Brother to Our Most Excellent Queen KATHERINE Most Serene SIR THE Scipios have met with their match in their Actions not in their Fortune There were in Darius's for Dom John de Castro to Conquer in Europe not a Curtius or Livy to propagate his Fame The Bishop Dom Francisco de Castro perswaded me to write this History which the Press now publisheth though in a Style inferiour to the deserts of a Man who came to be Great amongst the Greatest whose Vertues blossom'd so soon that they seem'd rather Hereditary then Acquir'd He Liv'd not out the Years of his Government in which almost the same Numbers stood for Days and Victories though he was long Liv'd to his Country short to Nature Yet now his Memory is under your Highness's Protection 't is a question if he were Happier in his Life or Posterity being always a Conquerour then over his Enemies now over Time I might here take an occasion to publish your Highness's Vertues but an Epistle is too short as the Book would have been for such a Subject The general Cry of the World is to be the Book where all shall read them in a more impartial Character since our Hopes are that your Highness uniting to the Pleasantness of Study the Glory of Arms will for Fame and Courage be the first on the File amongst our Portuguese Princes God preserve the most Serene Person of your Highness Lisbone 15 th of March 1651. Jacinto Freire de Andrada THE PREFACE 1. POrtugall given by Alphonsus the sixth King of Castile after a signal Victory obtained against the Mahometans Anno 1089. in Dowry with his Daughter Therasia to Count Henry Grand-child to Robert Duke of Burgundy in Recompence of his extraordinary though but personal assistance in the Battail and to have there so considerable a Strength where the incursions of the Moors were most frequent and terrible hath been maintain'd enlarg'd at home and abroad and recovered by Courage and Policy not below those Deserts which got so unusual a Match and Portion for a Stranger 2. Count Henry took Viseu and Lamego from the Moors yet left Portugall with Neighbouring Frontiers for Southward it was bounded with the River Mondego infested with the Invasions of the Infidels Northward with the River Minho towards the Rising Sun it had the Province Beira and towards the Setting on the Sea-side the City Porto which being the only Port unpossess't by the Moors and chiefly frequented by the French seems more reasonably then some other Etymologies to give the name to the Kingdome of Portugall 3. Alphonsus Henriques Son to Count Henry as the fatal greatness of Rome made its first King Romulus a Souldier was not second to any in Story in Courage and Action He defeated Albucaran King of Badajos and took the City raised the Siege of Coimbra besieged by King Eujunius with three hundred thousand men In the year 1139. at the Battail of Orique where impartial and concurrent Histories count an hundred Moors for every Christian he overcame Ismarus and four more Mahometan Kings on which he was as some affirm after the Fight saluted King by his own Souldiers from that Action also the Virgil of Portugall Luis de Camoens in the 53. and 54. Stanzas of his third Canto derives the bearing of the Arms of the Kingdome which are five small shields Azure in a great shield Argent left plain by his Father 53. Aqui pinta no branco escudo ufano Que agora esta vitoria certifica Cinco escudos azues esclarecidos Em sinal destes cinco Reys vencidos 54. En estes cinco escudos pinta os trinta Dinheyros porque Deos fora vendido Escrevendo a memoria em varia tinta Da quelle de quem foy favorecido Em cado hum dos cinco cinco pinta Por que assi fica o numero comprido Contando duas vezes o do meyo Dos cinco azues que em Cruz pintando veyo Which the Right Honourable Sir Richard Fanshaw late Embassadour to Portugal in his Excellent Translation of that Heroique Poem thus renders 53. In his broad Shield which he till then wore plain A badge eternal of this glorious day Five small shields Azure he doth now include In sign of these five Kings by him subdude 54. In these five Shields he paints the Recompence For which our Lord was sold in various Ink Writing his History who did dispence Such favour to him more

Ceremony of the Sea by their often repeated Salutations Rejoycing and Affrightnings of the place Dom Alvaro Bacaon with the Chief Officers of the Fleet came presently to Visit Dom Iohn de Castro on Board where when the Complements were ended he gave him an account of what he heard of the Enemy and that according to Intelligence his first Onset would be upon Ceita they then fell upon 't that the Fleets of two such great Princes being joyned it lay upon both their Honours to Fight the Enemy though he should be much stronger that we Fought in our own Seas and in sight of our own Ports which would be able in the Fight to furnish us with fresh men and our battered Ships would have a refuge at hand that though the Turks should get the Victory they would be so broken as not to be able to set upon any place in the Streight which by Fighting let the success be what it would they should secure Besides the Orders they had under Seal to find out the Enemy could not be understood otherwise with safety to their Honour and Obedience Having taken this so precise and bold Resolution the Souldiers were all on Fire and the Chief Commanders Sollicitous in giving out their Orders and disposing for so great an Affair when on a suddain advises came thick that Barba-Rossa with his whole Fleet was coming towards the Streight Dom Iohn de Castro presently sends for his men who were on shore Commands the Captains to fit and trim their Ships and sends word to Dom Alvaro he was weighing who coold of his first heat by an imaginary fight of the Enemy writ to Dom Iohn that new accidents must have new Counsails that by the Spies intelligence he knew Barba-Rossa's Fleet was double to the Armados that 't was neither according to the Intention or for the Service of their Princes to lose themselves in so apparent a Danger that while their Fleets were entire the Enemy could undertake no great matter and if in the Fight they should have the worst of 't all the places of the Streight would be the reward of the Victory that 't was much against his humour to desist from Fighting but the Service of Cesar was to be minded before the Gallantry of particular Persons that he desir'd him to bring all his Fleet into Port and as the Turk mov'd they would more safely conclude what was to be done Dom Iohn de Castro answer'd the Spanish General that he alter'd not his Opinion at the fight of the Enemy that their appearing timorous would encourage the Turks whose design being to get footing in Spain the Fleets ought out of honour to engage much more out of a sense of the Effront what would the World say if the Forces of two such great Princes joyn'd only to manage a defensive Warr against Barba-Rossa letting the Turkish Banners Lord it in our Seas in sight of the Eagles of the Empire and the Cinques of Portugall that he was resolv'd to expect the Enemy not fearing to be Blam'd however the day went because if worsted lost men answer'd nothing and no body would call Conquerours to question 29. But neither had this Resolution force enough to sway the Spanish General Dom Alvaro Bacaon we are not certain whether he thought it the better or the more secure way Don Iohn de Castro put himself in the Streights mouth where he lay three days here he had advice that the Enemies Fleet steered another course by Dissentions of the Chief Officers or as other Memorials have it Barba-Rossa had received new Orders from the Turk to bring back the Fleet yet the Gallantry of Castro's staying in the Streight deserv'd envy from the Living glory from Posterity since for the obtaining a memorable Victory not Courage but Occasion was wanting though this so generous resolution was diversly tax'd in Spain those Branding it who call all extraordinary actions Temerity yet I believe those who most condem'd it would have been content to have it themselves 30. Dom Iohn seeing by the Enemies retiring those places above their fear went to Ceita to communicate some part of his instructions to Dom Affonso Noronha who receiv'd him with so many Shot as the Spaniards in Gibraltar thought the Fleet had been engag'd yet would they not weigh Anchor and come forth so alterable were they in their first so firm in their second resolution Here Dom Iohn had news that the Moors had laid close siege to Alcacere Ceguer a place our men kept in Africa at an unnecessary charge and danger the Governour was a Gentleman of the Family de Freitas he immediately sent his Son Dom Alvaro with part of the Fleet and Orders to put relief into the Town and to continue in the Port till the Enemy sail'd out first which he did providing the place with Victuals and Ammunition and the Moors Army consisting of Hot-headed men the heat of their first Onset being cool'd they rais'd the siege Dom Alvaro return'd to the rest of the Fleet which having secur'd Ceita and freed it from fear of the Turks return'd to Lisbone where the Fame of both his adventures was arriv'd before which was the greater by lighting on Valour so unquestionable but Dom Iohn who counted nothing great and despis'd his own Actions avoided popular applause by retiring to Sintra either out of Modesty or Hight not Valewing any thing he did worthy of himself 31. The King Dom Iohn was about finding out one to Govern the State of India Martin Affonso de Sousa having staid out his Time and instantly desiring a Successour the affairs of the East upon diverse Emergencies declining and he unwilling that the glory of his Actions should be foil'd by a mis-carriage in the Warr very well knowing that the Peoples ignorance might occasion such a disgrace as might discredit many Victories for so considerable an employment the King look'd upon men differently qualified upon some who for the antiquity of their Blood without respect to their Deservings us'd to Inherit the great places a second piece of Tyranny of the Nobilities invention upon others who were mean in their Birth but famous in Themselves who lost what was due to their Merits because others had none so as for so eminent an employment deserts not well Born or a bare Title would not do 32. The King on these reasons irresolv'd whom to chuse to trust with-the weight of so great a Government ask'd the Infant Dom Lewis whom as affairs now stood He should make Governour in the Indies He told him the opinion he had of Castro's Temper that though in the business of the Streights many thought he had behav'd himself too Daringly yet 't was certain there 's no Souldier but would be glad to have been guilty of so Honourable a fault that though those who envy'd him accus'd him of being High and Cynical because he begg'd no Rewards or Courted the Ministers of