to fast and the Bishop used to sprinkle Ashes on their Heads saying Remember O Man that thou art ashes and to ashes thou shalt return Imber signifying in the Saxon tongue Ashes whence our word Embers cometh We will for once enumerate the Errors in the Exposition of this one word 1. He concludes there is but one Ember-week of four well known 2. Cineralia is Latine for Ash-wednesday 3. The Ember-week he aimed at is not before Lent but in the first whole week of Lent 4. By no Institution were people to fast the week before Lent 5. The Bishop did not sprinkle Ashes on their Heads but made a Cross on their Foreheads with Ashes 6. The words were Memento homo quia pulvis es Dust not Ashes 7. Imber in the Saxon Tongue does not signifie Ashes nor in truth is there any such word And 8 by consequence our word Embers cannot come from thence Our Author ought to do some penance to expiate these faults Emergent An Emergent occasion is taken for a business of great consequence Well guessed An Emergent occasion is that which rises unexpectedly out of some other and was not foreseen Enquest In Common Law is the tryal of causes both Civil and Criminal by the Jury It is not the tryal it self but that Inquisition which the Jury makes in all Causes Civil or Criminal touching the Matter in Fact in order to their Verdict and the Tryal Errant A Justice which rides the Circuit from the Latine word Errare This is an errant mistake for it does not alone signifie such a Justice the Latine in the Statute of Marlebridge is Justificiarii Itinerantes which Sir Edward Coke sometimes Englishes Justices in Eire sometimes Justices Itinerant and the Mirror cap. 6. says in French Que sont ore apels Justices Errants If our Author had said that Errant is sometimes used for a Knight Errant it had been more allowable Exigent Lat. A Writ that lieth It is diâ—ected to the Sheriff to call five County days under pain of Outlary It should be to call the party five County days otherwise it is nonsence Ex parte Latis A Writ that lieth This is an Errata in Cowels Interpreter whence our Author took it right or wrong it matters not It should be Ex parte talis Extrajudicial That which is done out of Court That which is done in Court may be Extrajudicial Faloque French A Boat or Barge by some called a Brigantine Faâ—oque is a little Boat with four Oars and a Brigantine as our Author himself says elswhere is a small Ship or Pinnace Feversham A flourishing Town in Kent Where King Steven founded an Abbey for the Monks of Clugny c. This Towns name is Faversham and the Abbey however at first intended was stocked with the Monks of S. Bennets Order as we read in Monastichon Favershamiense a late ingenuous Book Franchise Royal Is where the King Grants to a person and his heirs to be quit or the like To be quit of God knows what Francis A proper name of Man or Woman Francis is the Mans name Frances the Womans Frank-chace A liberty belonging to a Forester by which all men having Land within such a compass are prohibited to cut down Weeds without his view Though we should allow Weeds for Wood to be the Printers fault yet the rest is erroneous Frithsoken A surety or defence from the Saxon words Frid i. e. Peace and Socen i. e. To seek Neither is the Explication true nor the Derivation The Saxon words are Frith Peace and Soc a Liberty or Power So that Frithsocne signifies a Power or Jurisdiction of keeping the Peace Gainage In Common Law is Land held of the Baser kind of Sokemen or Villains Sufficiently mistaken We never till now read of Land held of Villains who had no property but Ad voluntatem Domini Gallon Spanish A measure containing two quarts Our Author had better omitted this word since every Alewife can contradict him Garnishment French Signifieth in Common Law the issuing forth a Writ of Scire facias against the Plaintiff for an Action of Detinâ—e of Charters brought against the Defendant Perfect nonsence Garnishment in Law signifies a Warning If you will know particularly how the word is used you had need find out a better Expositor then our Author Grand Sergeanty A certain kind of service whereby the Lords of Scrivelby in Cheshire held their Land which was to come well armed c. If the Author had well explicated the word his mistaking Cheshire for Lincolnshire had been the more pardonable Goman Saxon A married man and Gron a Saxon word signifying a Fenny place Neither of them for ought I know are at all of kin to that Language For thus the Learned Dr. Skinner on the word Goman Author meaning ours dicit esse vocem Angl. Sax. sed solens hallucinatur To Grown The Foresters say A Buck growneth But what it means you must learn elswhere for this is all he says of the word Hankwit or Hangwit Saxon A Theif escaped out of Custody It is a Mulct or Fine for hanging a Theif unjustly Hocâ—tide A certain Festival time celebrated about Candlemass for the death of Hardiknute the last King of the Danes it is also called Blazetide in Latine Fugalia Hocktide was celebrated the second week after Easter for expulsion of the Danes after the death of Hardicanute And Fugalia signifies a Feast solemnised in remembrance of driving the Kings out of Rome Iansenism The opinion of Cornelius Jansenus Bishop of Tyre For Cornelius Jansenius Bishop of Ypre in Flanders Ichidian A Motto or Devise heretofore belonging to the Arms of the Princes of Wales He might have learned to have written this better from some Sign in London viz. Ic-dien the old Saxon was Ic-peâ—â— i. e. I serve Ietson The same as Flotson They are no more of kin then the Land is to the Sea for Ietson is that which being cast out of a Ship in danger of Wreck is found upon the shoar and the other is that which is found floating upon the Sea Innocents-day 28 Dec. Wherein Mass used to be said for the Souls of the Innocent Children slain by Herod Certainly Mass was never said for the Souls of Saints and Martyrs who are in glory But in the Mass or Church service of the day there is a particular commemoration of those Martyred Children Inquisition The name of a Grand Council instituted by Ferdinand the Catholick King of Spain And in the word Dominicans Saint Dominick is said to be the Author of this Inquisition So apt our Author is to forget himself Frigida es nigra es es non es Chione Ioynder In Common Law is the coupling of two in a soite one against another We allow soite to be the Printers fault yet the rest is nonsence It is the joyning of two in a suit against a third person Iopoena For Jâ—paean and Justices a Writ for Justicies Such we meet with almost in every Page Knight
equal favourers and promoters you will also have the satisfaction to finde a considerable account of those accomplishments which are more especially agreeable to each of your peculiar fancies namely of that Divine and Seraphic quality which first brought order and civility into the World which mollifies the most barbarous and salvâ—ge natures and calmes the unruly passions of the Soul of which one of you is so great a favourer and so absolute a Master in it that your whole Retinue following your example are able performers in Musick and may as truly be called your Quire as your Family As also which chiefly delights the other of you that most manly and generous Exercise of Hunting the sport of greatest Kings and Princes in all Ages by which the youth of all Warlike Nations have been alwayes spurred on to martial Discipline and the atcheivement of the most Heroick actions Having therefore so great a veneration to whatsoever is excellent and worthy of highest praise I could not omit to celebrate with my utmost indeavours the owners of such perfections nor could any consideration have more absolutely charmed unto your service the Humble admirer of your Vertues Edw. Phillips THE PREFACE By way of Introduction to the Right Knowledge of our Language THe very Summe and Comprehension of all Learning in General is chiefely reducible into these two grand Heads Words and Things and though the latter of these two be by all men not without just cause acknowledged the more solid and substantial part of Learning yet since on the other side it cannot be denyed but that without Language which is as it were the vehiculum or conveyancer of all good Arts things cannot well be expressed or published to the World it must be necessarily granted that the one is little lesse necessary and an inseparable concomitant of the other for let a Subject be never so grave never so useful carrying in it never so clear and perfect a demonstration yet if it be not pertinently worded and urged with a certain power and efficacy to the understanding but in a forced tumultuous or disjoynted phrase it will either not be understood or so slightly and witâ— such indifference regarded that it will come short of working that effect which it promised to it self And it is a thing mainly observable that all those ancient Authours that have written the best things have left them to posterity in the purest and most genuine Language Among the Greeks who have better deserved of the World for the excellency of their Works than Plato Xenophon Thucydides Who among the Latins have been more famous than Livie Cicero Salust nor have all these been lesse admired for the properness and elegancy of their stile than for the noblenesse of the things they delivered neither have there been wanting of our own Nation especially in these later Ages those who are not onely justly esteemed to stand in competition with the best of the Ancients for the verity and soundnesse of their matter but have also refin'd our Language to that heighth that for elegance for fluency and happinesse of expression I am perswaded it gives not place to any Modern Language spoken in Europe scarcely to the Latin and Greek themselves Now as for that subtile distinction used by some between a Language and a Speech I look upon it rather as an over-curious nicety than any consideration of serious weight or moment nor can I be induced to believe otherwise but That whatever kind of sermocination is generally used in any Country may very properly be termed a Language for if the commixture of a Language esteemed the most ancient with that of a bordering or invading Nation cause it to degenerate into a Speech even the Latin Tongue will hardly be exempted from that denomination since it is no hard matter to prove that even that also descended from a Language yet more ancient than it self forasmuch as that Latin which was spoken immediately after the expulsion of the Roman Kings when the League was made between Rome and Carthage was so altered in the time of Polybius which was 350 years after that it was hardly to be understood and from the time of Romulus we must needs think it suffered a far greater change yet it was so far from being thought corrupted by this alteration that it was judged not to have come to its 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or flourishing heighth of elegance until the Age wherein Cicero lived And if the change which is introduced by time not onely not deprave but refine a Language much more will the alteration that is made by the interspersion of forraign words especially coming from the more southerly and civil Climates conduce to the sweetning and smoothing of those harsh and rough accents which are peculiar to the most northerly Countries And besides to find out the original and most unchanged Languages we must have recourse as far backward as the confusion of Babel which was the first nativity of Tongues and so make a vain search for things which perhaps are no where now extant True it is indeed that Scaliger reckons up about 11 several Tongues others 14 spoken in Europe which have no affinity or intermixture one with another the chief whereof not to mention the Greek and Latin which are now no native but acquired Languages are the Teutonick or Dutch the Slavonian the Cantabrian the old Brittish or Celtick these are commonly called Mother Tongues and those which are any way compounded of any of these Mother Tongues or derived from them some think fit to call Dialects aâ—â—hough notwithstanding this composition or derivation such a vast distance may be seen between them as renders them unintelligible to each other whereas indeed a Dialect is but the self same Language spoken in several Provinces of the same Nation with some small difference as the pronouncing of a vowel either broader or finer or some little variation of a word or syllable in such a manner the people of Sommersetshire speak differently from those of Middlsex yet both may very well be understood of each other and so the people of Florence from those of Rome No otherwise in the Greek Language did the Dorick Ionick Attick Aeolick Dialects differ from one another But not to insist any longer upon so nice a point my intention is as an Introduction to the particular scope and design of this Book to speak something in general of the Original of our English Tongue of the basis or foundation of it of the reason of its several changes and how far it participates of other Languages and of the peculiar Idiome or propriety thereof That what was originally spoken in this Nation was the ancient Brittish Language needs not to be doubted nor is it improbable what some affirm that it was very near if not altogether the same with the Gallick or Celtick since both these people were by the ancient Greeks called by one common name Celtae besides if we consider the
word to build Byker old word a fray Byndon a Town in Dorcetshire where in the year 614. Kinegilsus the Saxon King in a doubtful and bloody battel overcame the Brittaines Byram a certain solemn Feast among the Turkes Byrlaw or Burlaw a term used in the practick of Scotland Laws of Burlaw are determined by consent of neighbours elected by common consent in the Courts called Burlaw Courts Byssine Lat. made of silk Bytrent old word catched about Bywopen old word made senselesse Byzantium a City of Thrace built by the Spartans under the command of Pausanias It was afterwards called Nova Roma But Constantine the Great making it the chief Seat of his Empire it was called Constantinople and is at this day the chief Seat of the Turkish Empire C A CAb an Hebr. measure of 3 pints Cabades a King of Persia who succeeded Perozes after he had vanquished him and cut off his whole army Cabala an Hebrew word signifying receiving also a science among the Jews comprehending the secret wayes of expounding the Law which were revealed by God to Moses Cabalin fountain see Hypocrene Cabin a cottage also a little room in a ship called also Cabern Cablish a term used by the writers of forrest laws signifying Brushwood Cabura an odoriferous fountain of Mesopotamia wherein Juno was used to wash Caburn a small line made of yarn to bind the cabel of a ship withal Cacams Doctors among the Jews Cacafuego a Spanish word signifying shitefire Cachexy Greek a physical term signifying an ill disposition of the body Cachinnations Lat. a loud laughter Cacique a certain King among the Indians Cackrell a kind of fish Cacochimie Greek a physical word signifying ill juice which is caused in the body through bad nutriment or ill digestion Cacodemon Greek an evil spirit Cacosyntheton Greek a vicious composition of words Cacozealous Greek ill affected or badly imitating Cacuminate Lat. to form into a sharpe top like a Pyramid Cacumination Lat. a making sharp at the top Cacus a shepherd of Aventinium in Italy who stealing some of the oxen which Hercules Recaranus had taken from Gorgon drew them backward by the taile to his cave that they might seem by their foot-steps to have gone an other way but the theft being discovered Hercules slew him with his club and recovered his oxen Cadaverus Lat. like a carcase full of dead carcases Cadbury a Town in Sommersetshire which is thought by some to have been that Cathbregion where K. Arthur overcame the English Saxons in a memorable battel Caddow a chough or daw Cade or Caddâ—e an Arabian word signifying a Lord or Magistrate among the Eastern people Cadence Lat. a just falling of the tone in a sentence a descending of notes in musick Cadâ—nt houses are the third sixth eight and twelfth houses of a scheme or figure Cadet French a younger brother among Gentlemen Cadier Arthur a high mountain in Brecknockshire whose two tops resembling the form of a chair it is thence vulgarly called K. Arthurs Chair Cadmus the King of the Phoenicians the son of Agenor and brother of Europa he brought the Greek letters out of Phoenicia he killed a serpent which had slain some of his companions sowing the teeth of it in the Earth out of which there sprung up armed men He built Thebes in the Country of Aonia which was afterwards called Boeotia but being driven thence with his wife Hermione by Zethus and Amphion he was changed into a serpent Cadrou or Cadzou a Barony in Scotland out of which was paid a yearly pension of 26 pounds 13 shillings and 4 pence to the Kings Exchequer Caduce the snaky staffe which Apollo gave to Mercury in recompence of his harp This staff had such vertue that with it he could kill or make alive It was also a rod among the Romans which was carried by their Heraulds in sign of peace whence an Embassadour is called Caduceator Caecity Lat. blindnesse Caelibate Lat. an unmarried state a bachelers life Caenis a Thessalian Virgin who was ravisht by Neptune and being turned into a man and called Caeneus was made invulnerable afterwards fighting against the Centaurs was buried alive by a great weight of trees thrown upon him Caercaradoc a hill in Shropshire where Caratacus an ancient King of the Brittans resolutely defended a stone Rampire against Ostorius Lieutenant of the Romans Caerdiff a Town in Glamorganshire fortified by Robert Fitz-Hamon whose Grandchild William Earle of Glocester was afterwards besieged in the Castle and taken prisoner by Yvor-Bach a Brittish Mountaineir In this Castle Robert Curthose son of William the Conqueror after he was bereft of his eyes lived till he was very old Caerfuse or Caersuâ—e a Town in Montgomeryshire anciently as they say a very famous City Caermarden by Ptolomy called Maridunum the chief Town of Caermardenshire the birth-place of Merlin the ancient Brittish Prophet Caernarvon the chief Town of Caernarvonshire where the Princes of Wales anciently kept their Chancery Exchequer and Courts of Justice it was built by K. Edward the first and the birth-place of K. Edward the second sirnamed thence Edward of Caernarvon Caesar a name attributed to the Emperours of Rome from Julius Caesar the first Emperour Caeyx see Halcyon Cageole French to prate to little purpose to canvas or dispute a businesse Cainsham a Town in Sommersetshire so called because it was built by Keina a devout Brittish Virgin of whom it was believed by the vulgar that she turned Serpents into stones because the high-way thereabout is full of stones which wreath about resembling a Serpent Cairus or Alcairus a great City of Aegypt formerly called Babylon Egyptia it was taken by the Turk Zelmi Caishoberry the name of a country Palace or great House near Watford in Hertfordshire it was begun by Sir Richard Morisin Knight Embassadour to several great Princes under K. Henry the eighth and K. Edward the sixth and finisht by Sir Charles Morisin his son It is now in the possession of the Lady Capell Dowager Caitive wretched wicked from the French Chetif or the Italian Cattivo Caitisned chained a word used by Chaucer Calabria a fruitful Country of Italy which now belongs to the kingdom of Naples Calamint an herb so called Calamist a Piper upon a reed from the Latin word Calamus Calamity Lat. misery but originally it signifies a destruction of corn from Calamus a stalk of corn Calasticks a physical word signifying purging ointments Calatrava a place in Spain which gives denomination to certain Knights who are called Knights of Calatrave Calcanth a Chymical word being the same as Vitriol Calcation Lat. a treading or stamping Calcedon a word used by Lapidaries being a certain forbe vein in a Ruby or Saphyre differing from the rest of the stone also the name of a precious stone Calchas a Grecian south-sayer the son of Thestor who seeing a Serpent devour ten Sparrow chickins prophesied that Troy should be taken the tenth year Calcine or Calcinate Lat. a Chymicall Term signifying to reduce any
thing into cinders especially metals Calcitrate Lat. to kick or spurn Calcule Lat. an accounting also a Ches-man or Counter Caleb a proper name signifying in Hebr. hearty Calcent a great Mart-Town in India situate upon the Indian Sea The Caledonian vvood a great vvood in Scotland whence Scotland it self hath been anciently called Caledonia or Calydonia Calefaction Lat. a heating or warming Calender a Term used by Linnen-drapers signifying to set a glosse upon cloath A Calender Lat. an Almanack Calends Lat. a word used among the Romans for the Computation of their moneths and signifies the first day of every moneth and if any number be added it stands for so many as precede the Calends Calenture a Spanish word signifying heat also a burning feavour Caletum a Port Town in France called by Caesar Portus Iccius by the Moderns Calis Calidity Lat. heat Caliduct a kinde of Furnace used by the ancients to convey heat from one room to another through certain pipes Caligation Lat. dimnesse of sight Caligula the fourth Emperour of Rome so called from certain Military Buskins which he used to wear named Caligae Caliph a Persian word signifying King or Emperour at first all the chief Princes of the Mahumetan Religion were called Caliphs as the Caliph of Aegypt c. Calisto one of Diana's Nymphs and daughter of Lycaon King of Arcadia she was got with Child by Jupiter and turn'd out of Diana's train Calked old word cast Callidity Lat. subtilty Calligraphy Greek fair or handsome writing Calliope the name of one of the nine Muses the mother of Orpheus she was believed to be the Inspiresse of Heroick verse Callipolis one of the Islands in the Aegoean Sea called Cyclades Callirrhoe the daughter of Phocus King of Boeotia she complaining to her Countrey-men against her thirty suiters who had killed her father they fled to Hippote a Town of Thebes but being pursued by the Boeotians the Town was taken and the murtherers burnt to death Calliver a kinde of great Gun or Arquebuse Callot an old Saxon word signifying a leâ—d or wanton woman Calour Lat. warmth also a heat of desire or affection Calpe a high hill in the uttermost part of Spain which is faign'd to be one of Hercules his pillars Calsounds a kinde of linnen drawers usually worn among the Turks Caltrope French certain instruments used in War being great pricks of iron four-square to cast in an enemies way when they would break in on the contrary side Calvinist one of the opinion of Calvin a famous reformer Calvity Lat. baldnesse Calumniatour Lat. signifies in Com-law him that in his accusation alleadgeth faults never committed Camarina a Lake in Sicily which when the people dried up contrary to the advice of the Oracle they were overcome by their enemies Cambel a famous Castle in Argile in Scotland from whence the great family of the Cambels derive their name Cambio Spanish a Burse or Exchange whence comes Cambsor a Banker or Mony-changer Cambles a King of the Lydians of so greedy an apetite that one night he devoured his wife Cambren a British word signifying a crooked stick Cambria the Countrey of Wales so called from Camber the son of Brutus Cambridge the chief Town of Cambridge-shire so called from a Bridge built over the River Cam In this Town hath flourished for many ages a famous University consisting of sixteen Colledges it hath been anciently reported that this Academy was founded by Cantabar a Spaniard 375 years before Christ and repaired by Sebert King of the East Angles in the year of our Lord 630. afterwards it was defaced by the Danes under Sueno but being restored again by the Normans it hath stood unviolated by War to this day Camelot a Town in the Shriefdom of Stirling in Scotland which seems to be the same with that which was called Corta Damniorum Cambyses King of Persia the son of Cyrus he added Aegypt to his Dominions he died of a wound which he gave himself as he was getting up to horse Cameracum a Citie of the Low-countreys now call'd Cambray where the linnen cloath we call Cambrick is made Camelion a beast like a Lizard that turneth himself into all colours and lives by the aire Camelopardal a kinde of beast half Camel half Pardal or Panther Camerade Spanish a Cabin or chamber-fellow Camerated Vaulted or Arched a Term used in Architecture Camisado Spanish a suddain assault or surprisal Cammock a kinde of Herb that hath a hard and big root Camois a British word signifying crooked Camomil an Herb of a fragrant smell which grows and spreads by being trampled on Campain French a plain field also a military word signifying an armies expedition or taking the field Campania a Countrey of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples called Terra del Lavoro whose chief Citie is Capua Campernulphs the ancient name of a great family of Cornwall Lords of the Town of Modbury they are commonly called Champernouns in Latin Records de Campo Arnulphi Campus lapideus a field of Gallia Narbonensis where Hercules fought with Alcion and Bergion the sons of Neptune but his darts failing him Jupiter sent him down a showr of stones wherewith he killed the Giants Campus Martius a field near Rome dedicated to Mars where the Romaus used to exercise and the people assembled to give their suffrages Campus sceleratus a place where the Vestal Nuns were punish't if they admitted of any familiarity with men Camulodunum or Camoludunum the chief Town of Essex in England vulgarly called Colchester or rather Maldon Camulus a name anciently attributed to Mars the heathen God of War Canace the daughter of Aeolus she was got with childe by her brother Macareus whence they use to call an Incestuous woman Canace Canachus a Fountain near Nauplia where Juno used to bath her self that she might recover her Virginity Canacus a high hill in Spain on the top whereof is a Well whose depth cannot be â—ounded Canariae certain Islands in the Adriatick Sea anciently called the fortunate Islands from thence it is that we have our Canary wines Cancel Lat. to rase to blot out from Cancelli Lattices or crosse-bars Canceline chamlet a word used by Chaucer Cancer one of the 12 signs of the Zodiack into which the Sun enters in the Moneth of June the word signifies in Latin a Crab. Candia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea anciently called Creet where Jupiter was born and Minos reign'd it is at present in the powr of the Venetian Candid Lat. white also innocent sincere Candida Casa the ancient name of a Town in Galloway in Scotland vulgarly Whithern the Episcopal seat of Ninian who first converted the Scottish Picts to Christianity it seemeth to be the same with Ptolomies Leucopibia Candidates Lat. were those among the Romans who use to stand for any place or Office of Dignity and were clad in white Robes Candiope the daughter of Oenopian and sister to Theodotion who going a hunting with her brother and being drawn into a Cave and
of it shine like Gold it is called in Latin Faber Dorter or Dormitorie a place where many sleep together also a place where people are buried Dose Greek a Term in Physick being the quantity of a potion or Medecine which is prescribed by a Physitian to his patient A Dosel or Dorsel from the Latin word dorsum a rich Canopie under which Princes sit also the Curtain of a Chaire of State Doted lat endowed having a joynture Dotkin or Dodkin the eighth part of a stiver or French shilling Dottrel a kinde of bird so called Double plea is that wherein the Defendant alleadgeth two several matters in bar of the action Doubles in Greek diplomata Letters Patents Doubleth a Term in hunting when a Hare keeps in plain fields and chaseth about to deceive the hounds it is said she doubleth Doublet a precious stone consisting of two pieces joyned together Doublings a Term used in Heraldry for the linings of Roabs Mantles of state or other Garments Dovane French Custome or Impost Dover see Dubris Dovetail a joynt used by Carpenters denominated from that kinde of figure Dousabel French sweet and fair a womans name answering to the Greek Glycerium Douset or Doulcet a kinde of Custard from the Latin word dulcis Dowager a title applied to the widows of Princes and great persons Downes hilly plains also a part of the Sea lying near the sands from the Saxon word Dune a hill the same word signifying in Dutch a sand-bank Dowry in Common-law signifieth that which a wife hath with her husband in marriage it is also taken for that portion which she bringeth with her which is called in Latin Maritagium or Dos the former is called Donatio Dowsets the stones of a Stag so termed in hunting also the same as Dousets Dowtremere fair wearing a word used by Chaucer Doxie a she Beggar or Trull Doxology Greek a Verse or Song of praise anciently instituted in the Church which was to be recited in Divine-service after the Prayers and Psalmes D R Drabler in Navigation is a piece added to the bonnet when there is need of more sail Draco's Laws certain rigid and severe Laws made anciently in Athens by one Draco whence all severe punishments for trivial offences are called Draco's Laws Dragant or Tragaâ—ant a certain gum distilling from an herb of the same name in English called Goates-thorn Dragons Head called in the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a node or place in the Eccliptick line which the Moon cutteth and ascendes from the aust'ral part of the node into the Septentrional it hath no aspect to any Planet but it may be aspected by them its motion is according to the motion of the Sun Dragons taile called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a node opposite to the Dragons Head in the Eccliptick line which the Mâ—on cutteth and descends from the Septentrional part of the node unto the Aust'ral Dragons-wort a certain herb otherwise called Serpentary or vipers Bugloss Dragonstone a certain pretious Stone called in Greek Draconitis Drags pieces of wood so joyned together as floating upon the water they may bear a burload of wood or other wares down the River Draiton a Town in Shropshire near which a very bloody field was fought between the two Houses of York and Lancaster Dram or Drachme Greek the eighth part of an ounce Dramatic Greek a sort of Poetry wherein are lively representations of things acted by persons upon a Stage as Comedies and Tragedies Drap de Berry a kind of thick cloth made in the Country of Berry in France Drapery a term in painting being a work wherein cloths are represented See Cilerie Draught a first Copy from the Latin word tractus Drawelatchets a sort of nightly theeves so termed in divers Statutes they are also called Robertsmen Drawing a term used by Painters signifying an exact observance of the distances and proportions of that which you would imitate or phancy It comprehendeth Pictures by the life Stories Opticks Landskips c. It is by some called Designing Dreint old word drowned Dretch old word to dream to tarry Dry exchange a term which is given to Usury Dâ—iffeild a Town in Yorkshire famous for the Tomb of the learned Alfred King of Northumberland and for the Mounts which he raised about it Drift of the Forrest a driving of cattel or a view of what cattel are in the Forrest also a boat is said to go adrift when it hath no body to row or steer it Drift is also taken for counsell or policy from the Dutch word drâ—iven i. e. to act Drill a Stone-cutters toole wherewith he bores holes in Marble also a Baboon Drogoman or Truchman in Greek Dragomenos a word used by the Turks for an Interpreter Droit signifieth in common Law a double right the right of possession and the right of the Lord. Drolery French a merry facetious way of speaking or writing Dromedary a kind of Camel with two bunches on its back it is called in Greek Dromas for its swiftness Dronklew old word given to drink Dropacist a puller off of hair Drouy old word troubled Dru Sax. subtile a proper name called in Latin Drogo or Drugo Drugge a Medicin from the Dutch word Droogh i. e. dry because all Medicins vehemently dry the body Druides certain learned men or Priests anciently in great esteem among the Galls they were so called from the Greek word Drys a wood because they loved to inhabite among the woods Drury old word sobriety modesty Drusilla the poper name of divers famous women Dryads certain Nimphs called Nimphs of the wood from the Greek word Drys an Oak D U Duall lat of or belonging to two To Dub a Knight to confer the Order of Knighthood upon any one from the French word a douber to arm compleat Dubious lat uncertain doubtful Dublin the chief City of Ireland situate in the Province of Leimster it was antiently called Bala cleigh i. a Town upon Hurdles Some say it was built by Harold King of Norway when he conquered Ireland from whom descended in a direct line Griffith ap Conan borne at Dublin in the reign of Tyrlough This City was bravely defended by the English against Asculph Prince of the Dublinians and Gottred King of the Isles and in the time of King Henry the second was given to a Colony of Bristowmen Dubris the ancient name of a Port-Town in Kent now called Dover having a very fair and strong Castle built as some say by Julius Caesar and afterwards fortified by King Arviragus against the Romans Ducal lat belonging to a Duke Duces tecum a Writ summoning one to appear in Chancery and to bring with him some evidence which that Court would view Ducket a certain golden coin valueing about 6 shillings first coined in Rome in the year of the City 547. having the Image or arms of a Duke or supream Magistrate stampt upon it Ductile lat easie to be drawn out and beaten into a thin plate a word most commonly
or one that maketh a false shew of Piety or Holinesse Hypogastrick Greek belonging to the Hypogastrium or lower part of the belly Hypoge Greek a cellar or place under ground Hypostatical Greek belonging to a Hypostasis or Personal subsistence Hypothenusal line a term in Geometry it is that side of a right-angled triangle which is subtended or opposite to the right angle Hypothetical Greek belonging to a Hypothesis i. e. a supposition also a Hypothetical Syllogism in Logick is that which begins with a conditionall conjunction Hypsicratea see Hipsicratea Hypsiphile the daughter of Thous and Queen of Lemnos she intertained Jason in his voyage to Colchos and had twins by him she was banisht out of Lemnos for saving her father when all the men of the Island were killed by the women and was intertained by Lycurgus King of Nemea Hyrcania a Country of Asia bordering southward upon Armenia Hyreus a Countryman of Boeâ—tia who desiring of Jupiter Mercury and Neptune whom he had intertained at his house that he might have a son and not marry the three Deities made water upon the dung of an Oxe which had been newly offered out of which when the tenth moneth was almost expired was borne Orion Hyrse a kind of plant otherwise called Millet Hysterical Greek as hysterical passion a certain disease in women commonly called Fits of the Mother Hysteron Proteron Greek a preposterous manner of speaking or writing expressing that first which should be last Hyttenia a part of Attica formerly called Tetrapolis because it had four chief Cities Probalynthus Oenoe Tricorythus and Marathon I A IAcchus one of the names of Bacchus from the Greek word Iacchein to cry out because his preistesses the Bacchae used in the celebration of his Orgies to make strange and unusual noises Jacynth the name of a certain pretious stone of a blewish colour also a flower called Hyacinthus see Hyacynthus Jacob Hebr. a supplanter or beguiler Jacobins certain Friars of the Order of St. Dominick Jacobites a sort of Hereticks instituted in the year 530. by one Jacobus Syrus they used circumcision and acknowledge but one nature in Christ. Jacobs staff a certain Geometrical instrument so called also a staff that Pilgrims use to walk with to James Compostella Jactancy lat a boasting Jaculation lat a shooting or darting Jambes French the side-posts of a door Jambeux French armour for the legs Iambick lat the foot of a verse consisting of two syllables one short and one long Jamblichus a famous Pythagorean Philosopher of Chalcis a Citie of Syria he was the Disciple of Porphyrius James the proper name of a man contracted from Jacob in Spanish Jago in French Jaques Jampnorum a certain Law-term used in Fines signifying certain Acres of Furze Janizaries Turkish foot Souldiers which are of the Guard to the Grand Signior Jane the Christian name of divers women mollified as some think from Joan. Jannock a kinde of Oaten bread much used in the North of England Jansenisme the opinion of Cornelius Jansenus Bishop of Tyre he was a great opposer of universal redemption Janthe a certain Virgin the daughter of Telessa who the first day of her marriage was transformed into a man Janus the name of an ancient King of Italy who intertained Saturn when he was banish't out of Creet by his son Jupiter and of him learn't husbandry and the use of the Vine he built a Citie called Janiculum from which all Italy was also called Janicula he is pictured with two faces and from him the first moneth of the year is called January Iapetus the son of Titan and Terra he married the Nymph Aria and begat Prometheus and Epimetheâ—s Japygia a Countrey upon the Borders of Italy called also Calabria and Magna Graecia the narrowest entrance of it reacheth from Tarentum to Brundusium Iarbas a King of Getulia See Dido Jargon the same as Gibbrish or Pedlars French Jarre of Oile an earthen pitcher containing twenty Gallons also the Order of Knights of the Jarre was instituted by Don Garcia King of Navarre who riding one day on hunting and entring into a Cave he saw an Altar with the image of the Virgin Marie and a Pitcher of Lillies at which sight being moved with devotion he founded this order Iarrock a kinde of Cork Iasion or Iasâ—us the son of Iupiter and Electra to him Ceres brought forth Pluto who was the first that brought men the use of money Iasmin or Iesemin a kinde of flowr so called Iason the son of Aeson King of Thessaly he was sent by his Uncle Pelias to Colchos to fetch the Golden Fleece and having overcome the Dragon and Brazen-footed Bull that were set to guard it by the help of Medea who was in love with him he brought her away with him and married her but afterwards falling in love with Creusa the daughter of Creon he left Medea who in anger burnt Creusa and her Palace together Iasper a precious stone of a green colour also the proper name of a man in Latin Gasparus Iaveline Ital. a kinde of Dart or Launce Iberia the ancient name of Spain Ibexe or Evick a kinde of a mountanous Goat in Greek called Aegoreros in Latin Capricornus Ibis a certain Lybian bird feeding upon Serpents formerly worshipped in Aegypt which with its long bill first taught the use of Glisters I C Icarius the son of Oebalus he being slain by the Sheapherds of Athens whom he had made drunk and being discovered by his Dog Maerâ— his daughter Erigone hanged her self for grief and was afterwards translated among the heavenly signs and was called Virgo the Dog also pined away and died and was translated among the signs Icarus the son of Daedalus who flying too near the Sun with his waxen wings which his father had made for him melted them and fell into the Sea which from thence was called the Icarian Sea Iceni a certain people anciently inhabiting those Provinces which are now called Suffolk Norfolk Cambridgshire and Huntingtonshire Ichdien a Motto or device heretofore belonging to the arms of the Princes of Wales it signifies in the old Saxon I serve Ichneunâ—on Greek an Indian Rat. Ichnography Greek a Description or Plat-form of any thing in writing according to which example it is to be made Ichthyologie Greek a Description of fishes Ichthyophagi a certain people who feed altogether upon fish which they catch with Nets made of the bark of a Palm-tree and build their houses with the bones of fish Icleped old word called or named Icond old word learned Iconoclastes Greek a breaker or demolisher of images a surname attributed to several of the Greek Emperours who were zealous against the worshipping of images in Churches from Icon an image and clazein to break Icorven old word cut or carved Ictericall Greek troubled with the overflowing of the gall a disease vulgarly called the Jaunders or the Jaundice from the French word Iaulne i. e. yellow because it maketh the skin to appear of a yellow colour I
Dignity and Honour Of Knight-hoods there are many sorts but the most usual in this Nation are these Knight Bachelour the lowest but ancientest Order of Knight-hood and cometh from the Germans among whom it was an ancient custom that as soon as the State judged any of their young men fit to manage armes and weapons and allowed him sufficient for martial exercises then in the very assembly and council either one of the Princes the father or son of the kinsfolk of the young man did furnish him with a shield and a javelin as the Romans did the toga virilis or Virile gown to those whom they thought capable of publick imployment and thenceforth from a part of a private house he was accounted a member of the Common-wealth It was also an ancient ceremony to honour men with the Girdle of Knighthood which he who received was solemnly to go to Church and offerring his sword upon the Altar to vow himself to the service of God afterwards it came to be usual for Kings to send their sons to the neighbour Princes to receive Knighthood at their hands Then it was also that besides the Sword and Girdle Gilt-Spurs were also added for more ornament whence in Latin they are called Equiâ—es aurati the word Bachelours some derive from the French Baschevaliers as it were Knights of the lowest degree others from Batailler to battel or fight they are also simply and without any addition called Knights Knight Banneret from the Dutch word Bannerherr Lord or Master of the Banner is a Knight made in the field with the ceremonies of cutting the point of his Standard and making it as it were a Banner and is allowed to display his arms in the Kings army This Dignity was given at first by the Kings of England and France to such Gentlemen as valiantly carried themselves in two Royal Battels or to such as had ten vassals and means to maintain a Troop of Horses at their own charge Some say the first original of it was from Edward the third Knight Baronet is a new distinct Order erected by King James who for certain disbursements toward the Plantation in Vlster created divers into this Dignity and made it hereditary by his Letters Patents to be seen in the Rolles whereas before that time there were Baronets who were not Knights and these Knight Baronets were to have precedency in all Writings Sessions and Salutations before all Knights of the Bath and Knights Bachelours and Bannerets except those created under the Kings Standard in an Army Royal the King being personally present and the King was not to create any person into that degree of Baronet within the Kingdom of England above the number of two hundred Knight of the Bath an Order of Knights created within the lists of the Bath and girded with a sword in the Ceremonies of their Creation these Knights were wont to be created with a great many religious solemnities which usually belong to Hermites and other holy Orders Knights of the Carpet are another sort of Knights made out of the field and are so called because in receiving their order they commonly kneel upon a Carpet Knights of the Garter an order of Knighthood instituted by King Edward the 3d. some say upon occasion of good successe in a skirmish wherein the Kings Garter was used for a token others affirm that the King after his great successes abroad and at home dancing one night with the Queen and other Ladies took up a Garter that hapned to fall from one of them whereat some of the Lords smiling the King said that ere long he would make that Garter to be of high reputation and shortly after he erected this order of the blue Garter which consists of 26 martial Nobles whereof the King of England used to be the chief and the rest be either of the Realm or Princes of other Countreys there are also depending upon this order 26 poor Knights who have no other sustenance but the allowance of this house and are also called poor Knights of Windsor the site of this Colledge being the Castle of Windsor with the Chappel of St. George the Officers belonging to this Order are the Prelate of the Garter which Office belongeth to the Bishop of Winchester the Chancelour of the Garter the Register of the Garter who was alwayes Dean of Windsor the principal King of Arms called Garter and the Usher of the Garter which Office belonged to the Usher of the Princes Chamber called Black-rod Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem an Order of Knighthood erected in the year 1120. and had their first foundation and abode in Jerusalem afterwards they had their residence at Rhodes whence they were expelled by Solyman and ever since their chief seat hath been at Malta where they have done great exploits against the Turk there was one general Prior that had the government of the whole Order in England and Scotland but toward the end of Harry the eights reign they were suppressed in England for adhering to the Pope Knights of the Temple or Knights Templars an Order of Knighthood erected by Pope Gelasius about the year of our Lord 1117. these Knights in the beginning dwelling not far from the Sepulchre of Christ intertained Christian strangers and Pilgrims charitably and in their Armour led them through the holy land to view such things as there were to be seen and to defend them from the Infidels but because at the last they abounded in many Vices and many of them fell away from Christianity to the Saracens the whole Order was suppressed by Pope Clement the fifth and their substance given to the Knights of Rhodes and other Religious Orders Knights of the Shire two Knights or other Gentlemen of worth that are chosen by the freeholders of every County that can dispend fourty shillings per annum and be resident in the Shire formerly none but Knights were chosen to that Office Milites gladio cincti for so runneth the Tenour of the Writ when every one that had a Knights fee was constrained to be a Knight but now custome alloweth that Esquires may be chosen so that they be resident in the County Knight Marshal an Officer of the Kings house who hath the Jurisdiction and Cognisance of any transgression as also of all Contracts made within the Kings house and verge Knights of Calatrava in Spain an Order created by Alonzo the ninth King of Spain conferred upon certain Cavallero's who went in Devotion to succour Calatrava against the Moors their badge was a red crosse on the left side of their breast Knights of the Jar see Jar. Knights fee so much inheritance as is sufficient to maintain a Knight with convenient Revenue which was in ancient time about 800 Acres it is also taken for the Rent that a Knight payes for his fee to the Lord of whom he holds Knights service or Chevalry a certain ancient Tenure of Lands by which a man was obliged to bear Arms in
small a little fish otherwise called a Cackrel in Latin Minimus Menoecus a Theban youth the son of Creon he was so zealous for the safety of his Countrey that when the Oracle had foretold that the Citie which was besieg'd by the Argives could not be saved unlesse the last of the race of Cadmus would voluntarily kill himself he slew himself with his own sword Mensal lat belonging to a table Mension lat a measuring Menstruosity lat the abounding of womens monethly flowers Mensuration lat the same as Mension or measuring Mental lat kept in the mind whence mental reservation a speaking something and concealing the rest Menteith the name of a Country in the south part of Scotland Mentition lat a lying or forging tales Mera the daughter of Praetus and Antia she being a great Huntresse and following Diana in the Woods was ravisht by Jupiter who lay with her in the shape of Diana whereupon the goddesse shot her to death with one of her arrows and afterwards turning her into a dog she placed her among the heavenly Constellations also the name of Icarius his dog See Icarius Meracity lat a being pure and without mixture Menker the jaw of the Whale Meraud the Christian name of divers women from the pretious stone called the Emerauld Mercature lat a buying trading or merchandizing Mercedary lat hired with reward or wages Mercenary lat the same Merch the name of a Country in the south part of Scotland Merchenlage the law of the Mercians or the inhabitants of these eight Countries Glocester Worcester Hereford Warwick Oxford Chester Salop and Stafford the Land being formerly divided into three parts the Mercians the West-Saxons and the Danes See Denelage Mercury as it were Medius currens inter Deos homines i. e. sent on messages between the gods and men the son of Jupiter and Maia the daughter of Atlas he lay with his sister Venus and begat Hermaphroditus he was counted the god of Eloquence of Merchandry of Handy-crafts-men and the first inventour of the Harpe also among Astronomers the name of one of the seven Planets among Chymists of Quicksilver Mercurial or Mercurialist one born under the Planet Mercury Meretricious lat belonging to a Whore Meridian lat belonging to noon also substantively used for one of the greater circles dividing the Sphear into two equal parts and passing through the Poles of the World and the Zenith or Vertical point Meridiation lat a sleeping at noon Meritot a kinde of play used by Children wherein they swing themselves up and down upon a Rope to which is tied a little beam acrosse which they sit it is called in Latin Oscillum Meremaid or Maremaid See Syren Mern a County in the North of Scotland the people whereof were anciently called Vernicones by some Vecturiones Meroe an Island encompass't with the River Nilus in which there is a Citie of the same name built by Cambyses whose sister was called Meroe from wence the Citie and Island took their denomination this Citie Astronomers make to be the farthest of the Northern Climats whose parallel-line they call Dia Meroes because it runs through the midst of the Citie Merope one of the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione they were feigned by the Poets to be changed into seven stars called the Pleiades Merrick a proper name of a man among the ancient Brittains in Latin Meuricus Mersion lat a ducking or plunging over head and eares into the water a drowning Mâ—rton a Town in Surrey where Kinalph King of the West-Saxons was slain by a Clito or Prince of the bloud in a Harlots house the Clito himself being also stab'd immediately by Kinulphs followers in this place was born Walter de Merton founder of Merton Colledge in Oxford Mese see Mease Mesel Sax. a Leaper Mesentery Greek as it were the middle of the entrails a certain thick and double skin that fastneth the bowels or entrails to the back and affordeth passage to a number of veins called the Mesenterick or Meseraick veins Meskite a Church or Synagogue among the Turks and Moors from the Arabick word Mezquidun i. an Oration Mesnagerie French husbandry or housewifery Mesnalty a Term in Common-law the right of the Mesâ— that is a Lord of a Mannour who hath Tenants holding of him yet holding himself of a Superiour Lord from the French word Maisné i. e. younger by birth Mesopotamia a large Countrey of Asia so called because it is between the two Rivers Tigris and Euphrates it was called by the ancient Hebrews Aram Naharaim i. e. Syria of the Rivers now Apamia and by some Adiabene Messagry old word diligence in doing a message Messalians a Sect of Hereticks who held the Lords Supper and baptism to be but of indifferent concernment Messana the chief Citie of Sicilie built by the Messenians near unto the Promontory of Pelorum Messapia or Mesapia a Countrey of Italie anciently so called from Messapus the son of Neptune it containeth those Regions which are now called Calabria and Apulia Messenae a famous Citie in Greece situate in the Peloponnesus whose ancient inhabitants the Messenii waged a long and bloudy war with the Spartans but at last were reduced to absolute slavery Messias the same in Hebrew as Christos in Greek i. anointed and is oft used in the Holy Scriptures for our Saviour Christ. Messorious lat belonging to mowing reaping or harvest Mesuage in Common-law is used for a dwelling house with Garden Courtilage Orchard and all other things belonging to it Metachronisme Greek an errour in Chronology by the mis-reckoning of time or the ill connexion of passages a word compounded of the Greek preposition Meta and Chronos i. time Metaleptick Greek belonging to the figure Metalepsie wherein one thing is used to signifie another Metalline lat belonging to mettals Metamorphosis Greek a changing of one body or figure into another A Metaphor Greek a certain figure wherein one word is borrowed to expresse the signification of another as smiling Meadow's youthfull Summer Metaphysicks Greek a science which treateth of supernatural things as God Angels the Souls of men c. Metaplasmus Greek a Rhetorical figure wherein words or letters are plac't contrary to their usual order Metaris an arm of the Sea in Lincolnshire commonly called Maltraith and the Washes Metathesis Greek transposition being a certain figure wherein one letter is put for another Metellus a famous Roman Captain who being to go by Sea with a great Army against the Carthaginians and Sicilians prayed to all the gods but Vesta who being thereby offended kept back the Navy with contrary windes which Caius Julius the Priest affirmed could not be diverted but by the sacrificing of his daughter Metella which he yielding unto the goddesse took compassion of the Virgin and sent a Heifer in her stead also the name of a High-Priest of the Romans who when the Temple of Vesta was on fire running into the Palladium out of the flame he lost his sight by venturing too
in the Scripture for our Saviour Christ. Shingles from the Latin scinder i. to cleave lath's or slates to cover houses with also from cingere i. to gird a certain disease which causeth a rednesse in the brest belly or back Shireev Saxon a Questor or Prefect of a County or Shire of whose office and authority see Lord Cooks reports Shoares a term in Navigation pieces of timber set to bear up any other from sinking or falling Shoud a certain Magistrate among the Turks Shrew a kind of field-mouse which doth great hurt to cattel whence the word Shreud i. leud or curst Shrewsbury the chief Town of Shropshire anciently called Schroesbury for that it was a Thicket of shrubs upon a Hill it is called in the Brittish tongue Ymwithig from Mewithaw which is as much as Placentia or Plaisance in regard that for the pleasantnesse of the situation the Princes of Wales chose it in times past for their chief Seat Here Edrick Streona Duke of the Mercians lay in wait for Prince Afhelm and slew him as he rode on hunting This Town is also commonly called Salop and in Latin Salopia Shrift Saxon from the Latin Scrinium i. the inward brest auricular confession whence Shrovetide among the Catholicks is the time of shrivng or confessing of their sins Shrine lat Scrinium a chest or cabinet also the same as Roodloft S I Sib Saxon Kindred whence Gossip is commonly used for a Godfather i. a kin in God Sibilation lat a hissing Sicambre an ancient people of Germany inhabiting on either side the Rhine Some think them to be the same with those which at this day are called Gueldrois onely of a larger extent haply possessing also that part which is called Zutphany Siccity lat drouth drynesse Sicily an Island in the Mediterrean Sea so called from Siculus the son of Neptune it was of old called Trinacria Sicle Heb. Shekel a weight of Silver or Gold containing 4 drachms or 384 grains Sidelays a term in Hunting when the dogs set upon a Deer by the way as he passes Sidemen the same as Questmen see Quest. Siderated lat blasted or planet-struck Sidereal or Siderean lat belonging to Stars Siderite a Loadstone from the Greek word Siderâ—n i. Iron also a kind of plant so called Sidneys the sirname of a very honourable Family whose chief seat is Pensherst in Kent they derive themselves from William de Sidney Chamberlain to King Henry the second but the flower and chief glory of this Family was that most accomplisht Gentleman Sir Philip Sidney who valiantly fighting before Zutphen in Gelderland lost his life Sidon a City of Phoenicia so called from the plenty of fish which is there Sidon signifying in the Phoenician tongue a fish Sigalion see Harpocrates Sigillar lat belonging to a seal or sealing Sigles lat initial letters which by abbreviation are put for whole words as S. P. Q. R. Senatus Populusque Romanus Signature lat a signing marking or sealing also the resemblance of any Plant or Mineral unto a mans body or any of the parts thereof Signiferous lat bearing an Ensign or Standard Silentiary lat an Usher one that makes room or keeps silence Silerie see Cilerie Siliceous lat flinty full of flint of a flinty substance Silures an ancient name given to the people of South-Wales Similar lat like or of the same substance whence similar parts of the body are those which are altogether composed of the same substance Similitude lat likenesse Simon a proper name signifying in Heb. obedient Simoniacal lat belonging to Simony i. a buying or selling Church-livings so called from Simon Magus who would have bought the gift of the Spirit for money of the Apostles Simonides a famous Lyrick Poet of Thessaly of such an exact memory that when divers men were killed by the fall of a house and were so disfigured they could not be known he could exactly tell who every one of them was by the order in which he had observed them to have been placed Simous lat having a flat nose Simplist French one that understands the nature of Plants and Drugs Simulacre lat an Image Picture or Idol Simulation lat a faigning counterfeiting or making a resemblance of any thing Simultaneous lat bearing a private grudge or inward malice toward any one Sincerity lat purenesse uprightnesse plain-dealing Sine lat a Mathematical term used in Astronomy and Surveying and signifies the angle of meeting between the minute and the degree it being a right line falling perpendicularly from one extream of the given Arch upon the Diameter drawn to the other extream of the Arch. Singeries French apish tricks Single a term in Hunting the taile of a Buck Roe or any other Deer Sinister lat belonging to the left side also unlucky unfortunate also unhandsome or dishonest Sinister aspect is according to the succession of the Signs Sinister point in Heraldry is the place in an Escutcheon near the left corner of the chief The Sinister base point is under it at the lower part of the Escutcheon Sinon the son of Sisyphus and grandchild of Autolycus the thief he went with Vlisses to the wars of Troy and betrayed that City to the Grecians by the means of the Trojan Horse Sinoper see Cinnabar Sinople a kind of red lead so called from Sinopis a City of Pontus it is vulgarly called Ruddle Sipback Arab. the inner rim of the belly joyned to the cawl where the entrailes are covered Si quis lat i. if any one a bill stuck upon a wall or post to proclaim any thing that is lost Sirens certain Sea-deities three in number Parthenope Ligea and Leucosia the daughters of Achelous and Calliope having their upper part like maids and their lower parts like fishes they used by the sweetnesse of their voices to allure Mariners to the rocks and cause them to be cast away which Vlisses foreseeing stopt the ears of his associates with soft wax and caused himself to be bound to the mast of the ship whereupon they seeing themselves contemned cast themselves headlong into the Sea Sirius a star in the mouth of that constellation which is called Canicula or the Dog which toward the latter end of Summer casts forth a vehement and raging heat whence the Dog-dayes derive their name Siroccâ— Ital. a Southeast wind Sisamnes a Judge whom Cambyses caused to be flead for bribery and his skin to be hung upon the Tribunal Sisken or Sirkin a little bird other wise called a Finch in Greek Acanthis or Ligurinus Sisley see Cicely Sisyphus the son of Aeolus who was slain by Theseus for his robberies and is faigned by the Poets to rowl a great stone in Hell up to the top of a mountain which still falls down again and makes an endlesse labour Site or Situation lat the seat or standing of any house or building Sitient lat thirsting Sitomagus the ancient name of a Town in Northfolk now called Thetfâ—rt this Town was sack't by the Danes in
of verses commonly called a staffe at the ending of which the stroph is concluded Staple a City or Town where the Merchants by common order carry their commodities for the better utterance of them by the great Staple-Inne see Inne Star-chamber so called from a Chamber in Westminster beautified with Stars wherein this Court was first kept a Court consisting of the members of the Kings Council wherein are controverted all matters in which appeal is made from subjects to their Prince Start applied to a Hare when you force her to leave her seat or form for then you are said to start a Hare Starrulet diminutive a little Star Stasiarch Greek a Captain or chief Ringleader in any tumult or sedition Stater Greek a certain ancient coin valuing about two shillings in silver seventeen shillings in gold Staticks Greek a mechanick Art treating about weights and measures Station lat a standing-place also a bay or rode for ships Station-staff an instrument used in Surveying being a streight pole divided into feet inches and parts of inches from the bottom upward Stationary is when a Planet stands still and moves neither backward nor foreward Statuary lat a Graver of Statues or Images Statumination lat an underpropping or setting up Statute lat signifieth in Common Law a Decree or Act of Parliament Statute Merchant and Statute Staple are certain bonds made between Creditor and Debtor in the form of a Statute and acknowledged before the Mayor and chief Warden of any City and two Merchants assigned for that purpose Statute Sessions are certain petty Sessions or Meetings in every hundred Stecâ—ado Span. the lists a place rail'd in for the beholding of any famous Combat Stede old word place Stedship old word firmnesse or surenesse To Steer in Navigation is to govern the ship with the helm also by metaphor to govern or manage any affair Stellar lat belonging to a star Stellation lat a blasting Stelliferous lat starry bearing stars Stellion lat a little beast so called from certain little spots upon its skin almost in the fashion of stars Stellionate lat deceit cousenage counterfeiting any kinde of merchandize Stemme Greek the stalk of any herb or flower also a stock linage or pedigree Stenography Greek the Art of short-writing Stentorian voice a roaring loud voice from Stentor a Greek whose voice was as loud as 50 mens voices together Stephen the proper name of a man signifying in Greek a Crown Stercoration lat a dunging or covering with dung Sterility lat barrennesse Sterling see Easterling Stern the aftermost part of a ship also among Hunters the taile of a Greyhound is so called as also the taile of a Woolf. Sternutation lat a sneezing Sterquilinious lat belonging to a dunghil Stesimbrotus the son of Epaminondas a famous Theban Captain he was put to death by his father for fighting against the enemy contrary to his command Stews from the French word Estuve a Hot-house brothel houses or places where women prostitute their bodies for gain Sthenelus a famous Captain in the wars of Troy the son of Capaneus and Euadne Sthenobaea the daughter of Jobatas King of the Lycians and the wife of Praetus King of the Corinthians who receiving a repulse from Bellerophâ—n complained to her husband as if he would have offered violence unto her Stibium a kind of Mineral whereof there is great plenty in Darbyshire Mines it is commonly called Antimony To Stigmatize Greek to brand or mark with a hot Iron Stilletto or Steletto Ital. a sharp pointed Dagger or Ponyard Stillatory lat dropping or distilling also a place to put a Still or Limbeck in Stillicide lat a dropping from the eves of a house Stillyard a place in London where in old time the Merchants of Haunse and Almain used to reside it is so called as it were Steel-yard because Steel used to be sold there Stimulation lat a provoking moving or stirring up Stipation lat a guarding or invironing about Stipendial or Stipendiary lat serving for wages or hire paying tribute Stipone a kinde of sweet compounded drink used in hot weather Stiptical Greek stopping or binding a word used in Physick Stipulation lat a solemne Covenant made by ordinary words in the Law Stiricide lat a dropping of Isicles from the eves of a house Stirling a County in the Southpart of Scotland Stoaked a Term in Navigation when the water cannot come to the Well by reason that ballast or something else is got into the limber holes Stoccado Span. a prick stab or thrust with a weapon Stoical Greek belonging to or of the humour of the stoicks i. a certain Sect of Philosophers at Athens they were so called from Stoa i. a Porch because Zeno their first founder taught in a Porch of the Citie Stoke a Village in Nottinghamshire where Sir John de la Pool Earle of Lincoln pretending a title to the Crown of England was overthrown in a great pitched battel and slain Stole Greek a long Robe or Garment of honour among the ancient Romans it is now more especially taken for a Priestly Ornament Stolidity lat foolishnesse fondnesse dulnesse blockishnesse Stomachous lat angry disdainfull Stomatick Greek having a sore mouth Stone of Wool see Sarplar Stonefaulcon a kind of Hawk that builds her Nest in Rocks Stonehenge a wonderfull Pile of stones upon Salisbury plain erected within the Circuit of a Ditch in manner of a Crown in three ranks one within another whereof some are 28 foot high and seven foot broad upon the heads of which others lie overthwart with Mortises so as the whole frame seemeth to hang it is termed by the old Historians Chorea Gigantum i. the Gyants dance Stooming of Wine a putting baggs of herbs or other infusions into it Stork a kinde of bird so called from the Greek word Storge i. natural affection because of the care which is observed in these kinde of birds toward their Parents when they grow old To Stow a Term in Navigation to put any victuals or goods in order in the hold of a ship Stounds old word sorrows dumps Stours old word shocks or bronts Strabisme Greek a looking a squint Strage lat a felling of Trees a great ruine or fall of any thing also a great slaughter in an Army The Strake of a wheel the Iron wherewith the Cartwheel is bound Straineth a Term in Faulconry they say the Hawk straineth and not snatcheth Strangurie Greek a certain disease wherein the Urine is voided drop by drop and with great pain it is vulgarly called the Strangullion Strappado Ital. a certain kinde of punishment inflicted on Souldiers for some hainous offence by drawing them up on high with their arms tied backward Stratagem Greek a policy or subtle invention in war Strath an old Brittish word signifying a Vale or Dale whence are derived the names of several places as Strathdee i. the Vale of Dee Strathearn the Vale of Earn Stratiotick Greek belonging to Souldiers warlike A Streight a narrow passage at Sea between
hill Terra Samia a kind of white stiff and tough earth from the Isle of Samos Terra Sigillata lat a kind of earth much used in physick so called because it used to be sent from the Isle of Lemnos sealed Terrae filius lat one that is allowed to make lepid or jesting speeches at an Act at Oxford Terraqueous lat composed of earth and water together Terrar lat a survey of the whole quantity of acres in any mans land Terrasse French a Bullwark of earth also an open Walk or Gallery on the top of an house Terrene or Terrestrial lat earthy belonging to the earth Terretenant in Common Law is a land tenant or he that hath a natural and actual possession of land which is otherwise called occupation Terrisonant lat sounding terribly Territory lat lands that belong to the jurisdiction of any State City or Common-wealth Terse lat neat clean polite Tertiation lat a dividing into three also a doing any thing the third time Tesserarious lat belonging to a Tessera i. a die also a signal or watch-word Testaceous lat made of tile brick sherd or the shell of a fish Testamentarious lat belonging to a Testament i. a mans last Will which is of two sorts either in writing or nuncupatory Testation lat a witnessing Testator lat a bearer of witness also he that makes a Will and Testament Testicular lat belonging to the Testicles or Stones Testif old word wild-brained furious Testification lat a proving by witness Testudineous lat belonging to or like a Testude i. a Tortoise-shell also an Engine of War used among the ancients Tetchie old word froward peevish Tethys the goddess of the Sea the daughter of Coelus and Vesta and the wife of Neptune Tetrachord Greek an instrument of four strings Tetragonal Greek quadrangle or having four angles Tetragrammaton Greek the ineffable Name of God Jehovah among the Hebrews so called because it consisteth of four Hebrew letters Tetraptote Greek a term in Grammar a Noun declined with four Cases Tetrarch Greek a Prince or Ruler of a fourth part of a Kingdom Tetrastick Greek an order of four verses Tetrasyllabical Greek consisting of four syllables Tetricity or Tetritude lat fournesse or severity of countenance Teucer a King of Troy the son of Telamon and Hesione Teuthras a King of Cilicia and Misia the son of Pandion he had 50 daughters who were all got with child by Hercules in one night Teutonick lat belonging to an Almain or German so called as some think from Tuisco the son of Mercury Tewkesbury a Town in Glocestershire called by the Saxons Theoc'sbury by the Latins Theoci curia from one Theocus who here led an Hermites life Here was fought that memorable battle between the Houses of York and Lancaster where King Edward the fourth had the Victory and Prince Edward the onely son of King Henry the sixth was killed in a barbarous manner this Town is also famous for making of woollen cloth and the best mustard Textile lat woven or knit Texture lat a weaving or knitting T H Thalassiarch Greek a Supream officer at Sea an Admiral Thalassion lat a Nuptial Song from Thalassius the god of Marriage Rites among the Romans Thales an ancient Greek Philosopher reckoned among the seven Wisemen He is said to have first found out Geometry and the motion of the Sphears Thalestris a Queen of the Amazons who went thirty dayes journey to Alexander the Great and was according to her request got with child by him Thane Sax. a Nobleman or Magistrate called also Thingus or Thegne Thavies Inne see Innes of Chancery Theano the wife of Metapontus King of Icaria she wanting children of her own brought up two twins the sons of Neptune and Menalippe the daughter of Desmontes but afterwards bringing forth two sons of her own which were likewise twins and seeing her husbands affections inclining more to Menalippe's sons than to her own she was much troubled and as soon as her sons came of age she set them on to kill their supposed brethren but Neptune their father coming to their aid they killed the sons of Theano which as soon as she came to hear she killed her self Theatral lat belonging to a Theater i. a place where publick Shews or Playes are exhibited Theatins an order of Religious persons instituted by John Peter Caraff Bishop of Theate in the Kingdom of Naples Thebae or Thebes vulgarly called Stibes the chief City of Thebais in Aegypt built by King Busiris and called also Hecatompylâ—s from its hundred gates also a City of Boeotia built by Cadmus Theftbote Sax. a maintaining a thief by receiving stollen goods from him Themis the daughter of Coelus and Terra who flying the Nuptialls of Jupiter was ravisht by him in Macedonia she was worshipt as the goddesse that first taught men right and justice and had an ancient Oracle in Boeotia Themiscyra a Region bordering upon Cappadocia and watred by the River Thermodon having also its chief City of the same name Themistocles a famous Athenian Captain who fortified the Pyraeum and overcame the Persians at Salamina but afterwards being banished his Country he was intertained by Xerxes and made Captain of an army against the Athenians whereupon he drank Oxes blood and poisoned himself that he might neither be ingratefull to the King nor fight against his Countrymen Theodamas a King of Chaonia against whom Hercules made war because he denied him provisions when he came to Dryope with Dejanira and his son Hyllus and having got the Victory he slew Theodamas carrying away his son Hylas whom he alwayes had in very great esteem Theobald the proper name of a man signifying in Saxon bold over the people Theodolite a certain Mathematical Instrument chiefely used in Surveying consisting of the Planisphere Geometrical square Quadrant and Scale Theodom Sax. servitude Theodoricus a King of the East Goths who having overcome Odâ—acer was Crowned King of Italy and reigned there 33 years also the name of a King of the Gaules who with his favorite Ebroinus was deposed and Childerick set up in his room the word signifieth in Dutch rich in people Theodorus a proper name of several famous men the word signifying in Greek a gift of God Theodâ—sia a Christian name of women answering to Theodorus or Theodosius in men Theodosius the name of two famous Emperours of Constantinople the first the son of the Emperour Gratian the second the son of Arcadius and Eâ—doxia he had wars with the Persians Vandalls and Hunns Theogonie Greek the generation of the gods Theological Greek belonging to Theology i. Divinity or discourse of God and Divine things Theomachy Greek a warring or fighting against God Theomagical Greek belonging to Divine Magick or the wisdom of God Theomancy Greek a divination by calling upon the names of God Theophilus a proper name of a man signifying a friend or lover of God Theorba Ital. Tiorba a Musical Instrument being a kind of base Lute Theorematick Greek belonging
a freehold an adjunct to a subject Appendix Lat. an Addition a thing that depends upon another Appetency Lat. earnest desire Appeteth desireth a word used by Chaucer Appian way a high-way leading from Rome through Campania as far as Brundusium which Appius Claudius in his Consulship paved and walled Applauds expressions of extraordinary praise and congratulation toward the performers of great atchievements Artam Application Lat. the making an addresse to any person or the applying of one thing to another †Applombature Lat. a soldering with Lead Appoast French to subborn to procure Apposen to demand Apposite Lat. put to also to the purpose Appostile French a small addition to a discourse in writing set down in the margent Apprehension Lat. understanding also according as it is used with expressions either of danger or happinesse it denotes either fear or joy Cassandra Apprentice skill Chaucer Appretiation Lat. a high valueing a setting a high price upon a thing Approbation Lat. liking Approperate lat to hasten Appropinquate lat to draw nigh Appropriation lat a taking to ones self also a Term in law a converting the profit of an Ecclesiastical living to ones proper use onely maintaining a Vicar Approver Lat. a Term in Law one who confessing himself guilty of Felony accuseth another he is also called appellour †Appuyed French stayed supported Aprication Lat. basking in the Sun Aprize old word adventure Apsonus a Citie near the Euxin Sea where Medea slew her brother Absyrtus Ap-thanes the Superiour sort of the Nobility of Scotland were anciently so called the lower sort Vnder-Thanes Aptitude Lat. fitnesse Aptote Greek a Term in Grammar being a Noun not declined with cases Apulia a Region in Italy vulgarly called Puglia formerly called Iapygia from Iapyx the son of Daedalus A Q Aqua Caelestis a liquor which the Chymists call rectified wine Aquarius one of the twelve signs in the Zodiack whereinto the Sun enters in January Aquatile Lat. that lives in the water Aqueduct Lat. a Conduit that convey's waâ—er by a pipe Aqueous Lat. waterish Aquila Lat. an Eagle in Astronomy it is one of the heavenly signs Aquileia a Citie in Italy which being besieged by Maximinus held out so stoutly that when they wanted ropes for the moving of their Engins the women suffered their hair to be cut to supply the want Aquiliferous Lat. an Epithete of the Roman standard that bears the picture of an Eagle upon it Aquisgrane a Citie in Gulick now called Aixcovit built by Granus as some suppose the brother of Nero. Aquitania the third part of France now called Guien Aquite old word to match Aquiter old word a Needle case Aquosity Lat. waterishnesse A R Arabesque French a curious flourishing or branched work in painting or Tapestry Arabia a Countrey in Asia so called from Arabus the son of Apollo reaching from India to Aegypt it is divided into three parts Arabia Petraea Arabia deserta and Arabia foelix Arable Lat. plowable Arace old word to deface Araneous Lat. full of Spiders webs Arausia the Citie of Orange in France now under the Princes of Nassau Aray order from the French Arroy Aray to apparel Arbela Hebr. a womans name signifying God hath revenged Arbitratour Lat. an Umpire a Commissioner chosen by mutual consent to decide controversies between party party Arblaster a word used by Chaucer signifying a Cros-bow Arborist Latin he that hath skill in Trees Arcadia a Countrey of Peloponnesus famous for shepherds and for the residence of Pan the God of shepherds it was first called Pelasgia from Pelasgus an ancient King afterwards Arcadia from Arcas son of Jupiter and Calisto daughter of Lycaon King of this Countrey Arcade French an Arch. Arcane Lat. mysterious secret Arch Dapifer a chief sewer one of the prime Offices of the Empire which belongeth to the Count Palatine of the Rhene Arch Duke a title belonging to the house of Austria Archebald see Eâ—chembold Arches or Court of Arches the chief Consistory belonging to the Arch-bishop of Canterbury for the debating of spiritual causes Archetype Greek the first figure or Original Arch-flamin Prince or chief of the Priests among the Heathens by some called Pontifex Maximus of whom Numa Pompilius was the first instituter Archimandrite the chief of a Hermitage Architectonick belonging to the chief Overseer of buildings Architecture the Art of building containing under it all those Arts that conduce any thing to the framing of a house or Temple Architrave a word much used in Architecture the chapiter of a Pillar or chief beam in a building Archive a place where ancient Records are kept Archontes Greek certain Governours created in Athens after Kingly Government was abolish't Archonticks certain Hereticks so called from Archon the first of that Sect which began in the year 334. they denied the Resurrection and held the world to be the work of Princes Archytas a famous Mathematician whom Horace mentions in one of his Odes he made a wooden Dove to fly by art Arcitenent Lat. carrying a Bow and Arrow's Arctation Lat. a streightning Arctick as the Arctick Pole or Northern Pole and the Arctick Circle or Northern Circle so called from the Star Arctos or the Bear Arcturus a constellation near the North-pole Arcuare to bend to make after the fashion of an Arch. Arcubalist an Engine anciently used in war which was to cast forth great stones Ardenna a great Forrest in Germany reaching from the River Rhene to the Citie of Turney which is 500 miles There is another great Forrest in Warwick-shire so called the word signifying in the ancient and Gallick tongue a Wood. Ardour Lat heat vehemency burning desire Arduity Lat. steepnesse Arefaction Lat. a drying Arelatum a Citie of France in the Province of Narbon now called Arles the seat of the Kings of Basilica the last wherof called Boso was thrust into a Monastery by the Emperour Otho for striking the Bishop Areopagites certain Judges of a Council in Athens instituted by Solon they were so called from Areopagos a street in Athens where they sate Aret old word an account Aretaphila a womans name signifying in Greek a friend of virtue Arethusa the daughter of Nereus and Doris the wife of Alpheus she was fain'd to be a River of Sicily Also a Fountain in Armenia wherein nothing can be made to sink Argent Silver or Coin also a Term in Heraldry whereby they expresse white Argentina a Citie in Germany by the Rhine first subdued by Casar afterwards by Allila who called it Stratsburgh which name it retains to this day Argile a County of the North part of Scotland lying over against the Coast of Ireland and therefore called by the Natives Arguithil i. near the Irish in Latin Argathelia Argiletas a place near the Palace in Rome so called from Argos Captain of the Argives who having been intertained by Euander was at length slain and buried there Argillous Lat. clayie of a clammy substance Argoil Clay a word used by Chaucer Argonautes see Jason Argos a
Germ. from Bertulph Bargaret old word a Sonnet or Ballet Barkary a tan house or house where they put barks of Trees Bark the Forresters say a Fox barketh Bark-fat a Tanners tub Bark-man a Boat-man from Bark a little ship or boat Barm yest the flowring or over-decking of Beer also a lap Barm-cloath an Apron Chaucer Barn or Bern a Northern word signifying a childe Barnabas the proper name of a man signifying in Hebrew a son of comfort Baroco a Term in Logick being one of the moods of the second figure of a Syllogisme wherein the first proposition is a universal affirmative the two second particular Negatives Baron French a title of Honour as much as Lord Barons are of three sorts First by Dominion and Jurisdiction Barons of the King whose Baronies were Capitales Secondly Barons of the subjects holding not of the King but by mesâ—alty Thirdly Lords of Mannours 〈◊〉 a tax or subsidy of aide to be levied for the King ouâ— of the Precincts of Baronies Barre a Term in Common-law is when the Defendant in any action pleadeth a Plea which is a sufficient answer also place where causes are pleaded also a Term in Blazoâ— being composed of two equidistant lines drawn overthwart the Escutcheon and differeth from the Fesse in that it is not confined to the Fesse-point Barfee a fee of twenty pence which every Prisoner acquitted of Felony payeth to the Goaler Barratour French a Term in Common-law signifying a common wrangler one that setteth men at variance causing them to implead one another at the Barre of Justice Barren signes are Libra Leo Virgo Barricado Spanish a defence against an enemies assault made of empty barrels fill'd with earth Barriers French a certain martial exercise in Latin called palaestra of armed men fighting with short swords within certain limits or lists which sever them from the spectators Barrister a pleader at the Barreâ— those who after seven years study of the Law are admitted to plead and stand without the Barre are called utter Barristers but a Serjeant or Princes Attorny or any of the Kingâ— Councel are admitted to plead within the Bar and are called inner-Barristers Barsalona or Barcellona anciently called Barcino or Colonia Faventia the chief Citie of Catalonia in Spain Barter from the Latin word vertere to truck or change Bartholomew Hebr. a proper name signifying the son of him that maketh the waters to mount Bartâ—â— a place to keep Poultry in from the Dutch word baert to bring forth and Hoâ—n a Hâ—n Barâ—let a Term in Heraldry the fourth part of a Bar. 〈◊〉 Spanish the language of a Countrey of Spain called Biâ—cay Base the bottom or foundation of any thing also the foot of a pillar also the deepest part in Musick being the foundation of the rest also a kinde of fish called a Sea-wolf Base-Court a Term in Law any Court that is not of Record as Court-Baron Base estate or base fee is a holding at the will of the Lord. Baselards old word Daggers Wood-knives Basil an Herb so called oâ— a very fragrant smell also a proper name signifying Royal or Kingly Basilical Greek Royal Magnificent Basilick vain see vein Basilisk Greek a kinde of a Serpent called a Cockatrice also a long piece of Ordnance called in Italian Basilisco also a star called the Lions heart Basinet a little basin Basis see Base Baskervil the name of a very eminent family descended from a Niece of Gunora that famous Norman Lady they had their ancient seat at Erdsley a Town in Herefordshire Bassa a Commander over Souldiers among the Turks Bastard signifies in the Common-law one begotten out of Wedlock Bastardise to corrupt to adulterate to change out of its own kinde into a worse Bastile or Bastillion French a fortresse or fortification the chief fortresse of Paris is called la Bastile being also the chief prison of the Kingdom of France Bastinado Spanish a banging with a Cudgel Bastion French a Skonce or Block-house called also a Cullion head Baston French a Bat or Cudgel it signifieth also in the Statute Law one of the servants or Officers to the Warden of the Fleet that attendeth the Kings Court for the taking of such men to Ward as are committed by the Court. Bastonado see Bastinado Batavia a part of lower Germany scituate upon the River Rhene called Holland Bath a famous Citie in Sommersetshire so called from the hot Baths of Medicinal waters which are there by Antoninus called Aquae solis by Ptolomy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 some report them to have been found out by Bleyden a Magician others by Julius Caesar others by an ancient Brittish King Battail-field a place near Shrewsbury so called from the great battail fought there between King Henry the fourth and Edmund Mortimer Earle of March where Sir Henry Piercy called Hotsspur was slain Battalion French the main battle of an Army Battle-bridge a place in York-shire otherwise called Stanford-bridge where Harald King of England slew Harald Hardreak King of Norwey Battlements the Turrets of houses built flat Battâ—logy Greek a vain repetition of words Battus a certain keeper of Mares to whom Mercury delivered several Oxen which he had stollen from Apollo keeping Admetus his heards and coming to him afterwards in another sâ—ape he corrupted him with gifts to deliver the Oxen but seeing his perfidiousnesse he turned him into a stone called Index Batune a Term in Heraldry and seemeth to be the fourth part of a bend Sinister onely it toucheth not the chief nor the base point Bavaria a great Dukedom in Germany Baubels old word Jewels Baucis the wife of Philemon who intertained Jupiter and Mercury See Philemon Baud a brave a Ruffian from the French word Ribaud Baudkin a kinde of tinsel or stuff that glisters like sparkles Baudon custody a word used by Chaucer Baudrick furniture also a sword-girdle also an old fashion'd Jewel Baulk old word to crosse Baulm a certain Herb called Beewort Bawsin old word bigge grosse Bay a stop for water a road for ships also a brown red colour being the colour of the Palm-tree Chaucer also useth it for a stake Bay-window a window that boundeth out in a round form B E Beacon from the Dutch word Bekennen to give notice a light fastened upon a high pole to give warning of an enemies approach Beaconage money paid for the maintaining of Beacons Beads from the Dutch word beden to pray a certain number of prayers at the end of which it is the custome to drop a bead Beadle from the Dutch word Bedel a Cryer one that waites upon a Magistrate with a white wand to make any Summons an Officer especially belonging to a University also an Officer of the Forrest that makes all manner of garnishments for the Court of the Forrest and makes all manner of Proclamations as well within the Court of the Forrest as without A Beadroll Saxon a list of such as Priests use to pray for in the Church Beakehead in Navigation is that which
is fastened to the stem of the ship and is supported with a knee which is fastened into the stem Beam in hunting is that whereon the starts of a Stags head grow Bearesfoot an Herb otherwise called Brank Ursin or Beares claw Bearers a term in Law signifying maintainers or abettors also a term in Heraldry signifying those that have coat-armours distinguisht from others by tincture and differences Bear in is when a ship sailes before or with a large wind into a harbour or channel she is said to bear in with the harbour or channel Bear off when a ship goes more room than her course doth lie she is said to bear off from the land Beasel or collet of a ring that wherein the stone is inchac't Beastail French all manner of cattel or beasts as oxen sheep c. Beate a term in hunting a hare or cony when they make a noise are said to beat or tapp Beatitude Lat. blessednesse happinesse Beatrix Lat. a womans name she that makes happy Beavis the proper name of a man contracted from Bellovesus Beauchamp a name of great honour and eminency from the time of King Henry the second especially since Cicily de Fortibus descended from the Earles de Ferrariis matcht into their Family of this name were anciently the Earles of Warwick the Barons of Kidderminster and of Powick Of late ages the Title of Vicount Beauchamp hath been conferred upon the Family of Seimours In old Records it is written de Bello Campo Beaumont the name of one of the greatest Families of the Nation descended from John County of Brene in France who for his valour was preferred to the kingdom of Jerusalem Beaupleading a term in Law fair pleading Beau Sir fair sir a word used by Chaucer Bec a Phrygian word signifying bread which was the first word pronounced by certain children whom Psammeticus the Egyptian King caused to be brought up in a forrest by which he concluded the Phrygians to be the most ancient people Becebick medicaments such as are composed for the asswaging of a cough as Lozenges Licorice Pills c. Becomingnesse neatnesse handsomenesse Artamenes Bede the name of a learned English Monk who lived near Newcastle upon Tine he had the title given him of venerable Bede as well in his life time as since his death Beddeth a term in hunting applied to a Roe when it lies down in any place Bedellium a kind of gum Bedlem or Bethlem an Hebr. word signifying a house of bread a place where mad people are kept Bedoheer Sax. a bedfellow Beemot the flat key in musick Beesom a broom Beestings quasi breasting the first milk after birth Be et a certain Garden herb Beglerbeg a Supream Commander under the Great Turk there are but two who have this command the one is called Beglerbeg of Greece the other of Natolia Beguines an order of Religious women who are all old Behight old word promised Beknew old word learnt out Behiram a Feast among the Turks where they use to pardon all injuries Belamy French fair friend Belchier French good countenance Belchose French fair thing Beleagre to besiege from the Dutch Belegren to sit near Belgia the Country of the Belgae or Low-countrymen lying between the River Sequana and the Rhene It is divided into 17 Provinces also the people anciently inhabiting that part of England now called Sommersetshire Hantshire and Wiltshire were called Belgae in regard they came thither originally out of Gallia Belgica Belides the fifty daughters of Danaus who married the fifty sons of Aegyptus who all killed their husbands except one Belizarius Captain of the Emperour Justinians armies who overthrew the Persians in the East the Vandals in Africa the Goths in Italy and at last had his eyes put out by Justinian and was forc't to beg his bread in a poor cottage Bell in the Chaldaean language signifies the Sun who was worshipped under that name by the Caldaeans and Assyrians Bellatrice Lat. a woman warriour Bellatrix the left shoulder of Orion Bellerophon the son of Glaucus King of Epire against whom Sthenobaea the wife of Praetus King of Argos conspired because he refused her inticements but he having overcome all difficulties was commanded at last to kill the Chimaera which he did with the help of Neptune who sent him a flying horse called pegasus which was afterwards plac't among the celestial Signs Belleth a term in hunting as when the Forresters say a Roe Belleth Bellipotent Lat. strong in armes powerful in war Belligeration Lat. a waging war Bellona who is also called Enyo the Goddesse of War and sister of Mars some think her to be the same with Minerva Bellow the Foresters apply this word to the Hart and say the Hart belloweth Belluine Lat. pertaining to beasts of a cruel bestial disposition Bel-vedere Ital. pleasant to behold the name of the Popes Palace in Rome Belus the second or as some say the first King of Assyria who when he died was worshipped as a god Also the son of Epaphus and Lybia was called Belus Priscus who married Isis and had two sons Aegyptus and Danaus Belus hath also been taken for Jupiter as Nimrod for Saturn Belzebub an Hebrew word signifying the god of flyes and is used in Scripture for the prince of the Devils Bement old word lamented Bemes old word trumpets Benacus a lake in Lombardy which is said to have golden sands Benan a Star in the taile of Helme Bend used by Chaucer for a muffler a caul a kercher Also a term in Heraldry being an ordinary extended between two opposite points of the Escutcheon viz. the dexter chief and the sinister base Bendlet is also a term in Heraldry being a subdivision of the bend Benedictines certain religious Monks instituted by St. Benedict Benefice Lat. a spiritual promotion Benes old word bones Benefactour Lat. a doer of good turnes Benet the proper name of a man contracted from Benedictus Beneplacitie Lat. a well pleasing Benevolence Lat. good will Benevolent Planets are Jupiter and Venus Benjamin an Hebr. name the son of the right hand as also a gum Benigne Lat. favourable Benimmeth old word bereaveth Benisons French blessings Bennavenna see Bannavenna Benoni an Hebr. name signifying the son of sorrow Bereft old word deprived of Berenice the daughter of Ptolemaeus Philadelphus and Arsinoe whom Ptolemaeus Lagus her brother married She when her husband made an Expedition vowed to dedicate her hair to Venus if he returned safe which afterwards not being to be found Conon the Mathematician feigned to have been translated to heaven and plac't among the Stars Beris a high hill in America on the top of which some hold that many people were saved in the great Deluge Berkhamsted a Town in Hertfortshire where Frederick Abbot of St. Albans ministered an oath to William the Conquerour in presence of Arch-Bishop Lanfranc to observe inviolably the ancient laws of this Nation Bern the chief City of Helvetia or Swizzerland Bernacles a sort of birds which breed out of the rotten
Normandy where being detained he assured the Kingdom of England to Duke William Boss French a stud or knob Bosphorus the name of two seas so called from the passage of Jupiter over them in the shape of a Bull when he stole away Europa the one lieth near Constantinople and is called Bosphorus Thracius the other more northward and is called Bosphorus Cimmerius Botachidae a place of Tegea in Arcadia from Botachus the Nephew of Lycurgus Botanicall Greek belonging to herbs Botargo a kind of Saucedge from the Greek word Oa Taricha salted egges Bothna or Buthna a term used in the practick of Scotland signifying a Park where cattel are inclosed and fed Botin French a kind of boot or buskin Botolph a proper name signifying in the Saxon tongue helpful Bottom old word a blossom or bud Bovillae a Town near Rome where Claudius was slain by Milo Bovillon French a kind of boiled meat made of several ingredients A Boulter a seive to sift meal or flower Boun old word ready Bourchier contracted into Bowcer the name of a very great and ancient Family of this Nation stiled in Latin Records de burgo Chara whose chief seat in ancient times was Hausted a Town in Essex Bourd French to jest Bourges French a free Denison Bourn Dutch a head of a Spring or Fountain and those Towns that end in bourn as Sittinbourn c. are situated upon Bourns or Springs Bourrean French an Executioner Bourrough from the Dutch word Burgh a Town incorporate which is not a City whence Bourrough or Bourgomaster is the Bailiff Maior or Chief Ruler of a Town or Borrow Bourrough English or Burgh-English a term in law being a customary descent of land or tenements to the youngest son or brother A Bourser or Bouser French a Purse-bearer or Treasurer of a Colledge Boute-feu French an incendiary a sower of strife and sedition A Bow a Mathematical instrument to take heights The Bow of a Ship the fore part of it so called from the form A Bowge of Court a livery of bread and drink or other things of the Princes bounty over and above the ordinary allowance To bowlt a Cony term of hunting to start her out of any place where she lies Boxa a kind of drink made in Turky of a seed somewhat like mustard-seed Boy or Booy of an anchor Span. that which being tied to the Anchor swims uppon the water to give notice where the Anchor lies B R Brabantia the Dukedom of Brabant which is parted from Flanders by the River Scheldt it containes the Marchionate of the sacred Empire the Dukedom of Arsâ—hot the Earledomes of Hochstrat and Macklin Braccata Gallia that part of France wich is called Province Brace that which fastens beams in building also a Cable of a ship also a couple or pair from the French brace i. e. the armes Brachy-graphy Greek the Art of writing in Characters or short-writing Brackmans or Bramans a sect of Philosophers or Divines in India who live onely upon herbs and fruits Braggard or Braggadocio a bragging vain-glorious fellow Bragget a drink made of honey used in Wales it is derived from two Welch words Brag which signifies malt and Gots a honey-comb it is also a word used in Architecture signifying a stay cut out of stone or timber to bear up the Corbel Braid Albin otherwise called Albanie the most Nothren Country of Scotland commonly called the Highlands the highest part whereof is likewise called Drum Albin or Brun Albin Brake Dutch a snaffle for horses Brancher a young Hawk newly come out of the neast Brankursin see Bearesfoot Brand-iron a trevet an iron to set a pot upon Brandish French to make to shine with a gentle moving Branonium the ancient name of Wigornia or the City of Worcester Brant a bird called a Bargander or Soland-goose Brassets French armour for the armes Brast old word to break Brat old word a ragge Bravado Spanish a daring a making shew of an onset Bravery a going fine in cloths also a compleatnesse of behaviour Cleopatra Bravy old word a reward Brawders engraven work Brawl a kind of dance from the French word Bransler to move gently up and down Brayd old word to break out Brayed awoke arose also took Breck old word a bruise Brede old word a bredth also abroad Bredgen old word to abridge to shorten Breez a fresh gale or wind blowing off the sea by day Breetch a term in Gunnery the aftermost part of a gun Breme old word furiously also a kind of fish so called Brennus a Captain of the Gaules who overthrew the Romans at the River Albia and took Rome but was beaten out by Camillus afterwards he killed himself at Delphos Brent old word burnt Breve that which we call a writ is called in the practick of Scotland a Breve the several formes whereof will be seen in their order Breviary a compendious collection also a kind of Masse-book Breviloquence Lat. a short discourse a speaking in brief Brian French a shrill voice Briarius one of the Centimani and brother to Gyes and Caeus they were all three the sons of Vranus and Terra and were said each of them to have a hundred hands Bricolls certain Engins used in old time to batter the walls of Towns or Castles Bridgenorth a Town in Shropshire corruptedly so called for Burgmorf i. e. the Town near the Forrest of Morf it was built by Achelfleda Lady of the Mercians and walled by Robert de Belesm Earle of Shrewsbury who keeping the Town against King Henry the second was there besieged and taken A Brie or Brieze a kinde of fly called a horse fly or Gad-fly A Brief or Breve or Writ see Writ Brigade French a Term in Military Discipline a body of Souldiers consisting of three squadrons Brigandine French an ancient kinde of Armour with many plates and joynts like a Coat of Maile whence Brigand a foot Souldier so arm'd or a high-way Robber it signifieth also a kind of ship or Pinnace Brigantes the ancient name of those people that inhabited a great part of the North of England as York-shire Richmond-shire the Bishoprickrick of Durham Lancashire Cumberland and Westmorland Brig-bote or Brug-bote Dutch a contribution made toward the mending of Bridges also an exemption from that Tribute by a Charter from the King Brigidians an order of religious persons instituted by a Princesse of Suetia whose name was Brigidia there was also an Irish woman famous for sanctity who was called St. Brigit or Bride Brimstone a certain Mineral being the fat of the earth decocted unto his hardnesse Brionie a plant called otherwise white Vine Briseis the daughter of Brises she fell to Achilles his share at the taking of Lyrnessus and being afterwards taken from him by Agamemnon was the cause of his defection from the Grecian Army for a great while Britannia the name of this whole Island containing England and Scotland it is so called from the ancient name Brith i. painted and Tania which among the old Greeks
Cauphe a kinde of drink among the Turks made of a brown Berry Cauponate Lat. to sell for gain especially wine or victuals Caurus the name of the North-East winde blowing commonly out of the Brittish Sea Causal Lat. causing or expressing the cause of any thing Causam nobis a vvrit to a Mayor of a Town who hath denied seisin to one to whom the King hath given a grant of Lands or Tenements Causation Lat. an excusing or alleadging of a cause Causidick Lat. a Lawyer or Pleader Caustick Greek searing or burning a word used in physick signifying that which is applied to sear any part of the body Cautele Lat. a warinesse or taking heed Cautery Greek an iron which physicians use to sear withall also a hot oyntment which hath the same quality Cauterize to sear Cautionary Lat. given in pledge or pawn for the fulfilling of Articles Cautione admittenda a writ against a Bishop for holding an excommunicate person in prison notwithstanding that he offereth caution to obey the orders of the Church Cayer a quantity of paper also a part of a written book Cazimi Arab. or a Planet in the heart of the Sun is when he is not distant from the Sun 17 minutes C E Cebratane French a Trunk to shoot at Birds with clay pellets Ceca a certain religious house in Corduba whence they say Andar de Ceca en Meca i. e. to turn Turk Cecity Lat blindnesse Cecrops the first or as some say the second King of Athens he was an Aegyptian born and called by Eusebius Diphyes or Biformed because he was the first who civilized mens manners and instituted marriage in Athens Cedent Lat. giving place Cedrosii a certain wild barbarous people that go cloathed in the skin of wild beasts Cefala an Island of Africa found out by the Portugals in the year 1500. being three miles in length and one in breadth It hath two Villages and one strong Castle In the year 1505 the Ilanders rebelled but were quickly subdued by the Portugall's who killed the King they had chosen among themselves and set up another King as Deputy to the King of Portugal Celaenae a hill in Asia where Marsyas is said to have contended with Apollo for the mastery upon the Fluit Celandine a kind of herb called in Latine Chelidonium Celature or Caelature Lat. a carving or engraving Celebration Lat. a solemnizing or making famous Celebrity Lat. famousnesse Celerity Lat. swiftnesse expedition Celestial Lat. heavenly Celestines an Order of Fryers instituted in the year 1215. by one Peter a Samnite who was afterwards chosen Pope and called Celestine the fifth Cellarist he that keepeth the cellar or buttery in a Religious house Celsitude Lat. tallnesse heighth also a terme attributed to a Prince as a Title of honour Celsity the same Celtae a people anciently inhabiting Gallia Comata between the Rivers Garonne and Sein they were so called from Celtus the son of Polypheme Celtiberia a part of Spain anciently so called now Arragonia Celurca the ancient name of a Town in the Province of Angus in Scotland now called Montros Cemented close joyned or united from Cement a strong and cleaving morter Cemetery see Caemetery Cenchris a green and venomus biting Serpent Cenotaph Greek a hearse or empty tombe erected in honour of a great person Cense Lat. a mustering of an army a cessing of people Censer a vessel wherein the Priest burneth incense at any sacrifice or religious rites Censor lat an Officer among the Romans who was to cesse and valew mens estaâ—es also to judge of discipline and reform manners whence cometh to censure i. e. to judge or give sentence Centaures a people of Thessaly who waged war with the Lapithae they descended as the Poets feign from Ixion who falling in love with Juno lay with a cloud which was formed into her shape They were thought to be half men and half horses because riding their horses to water while their horses held down their heads to drink they seemed to those who beheld them a far off like a strange kind of monster whose former part resembled a man the hinder part a horse Centaury a kind of herb which some call Feverfew Centenary lat belonging to a hundred Center lat that point which is in the midst of every Circle or Globe Centoculated lat having a hundred eyes an Epithet belonging to Argos whom Juno set to watch Io. Centinodie an herb called knot-grasse as it were having a hundred knots Centon lat a garment made up of several patches a work composed of many pieces Central situate in the center or middle Centrie a word contracted from Sanctuary a place of refuge for malefactours Centumviri certain men among the Romans chosen out of the 35 Tribes to be Judges who although they were more in number than a hundred yet for the easier naming of them were called Centumviri Centuple lat a hundred-fold Centurie lat the number of a hundred the space of a hundred years a band of a hundred men or the like Centurion a Commander of a hundred men a Captain Cephalics Greek medicines properly applyed to fractures of the head but generally taken for all medicines peculiar to the head Cephalic vein see vein Cephalus the son of Eion he married Procris the daughter of Erichtheus King of Athens and being loved of Aurora would not answer her love one morning after he had been a hunting with a dart which Procris gave him and a dog called Lelaps he sate down and called upon Aura to refresh him but his wife having followed him out of jealousie had hid her self in a bush Cephalus perceiving the bush to move thought it had been a wild beast and shot his wife and afterwards was turned into a stone Cepi Corpus a return made by the Sheriff that upon an exigent he hath taken the body of a man Ceramite a kind of precious stone Ceratine lat made of wax dissolueable Cerberus quasi creoborus or flesh devouring a three-headed dog â—aid to watch constantly at the gates of Hell whom Hercules overcame and carried away in a chain Cerebrosity lat a being cock brain'd or brainsick Cerdonists a sect of Hereticks who held that there were two contrary principles in the cause of every thing a good God and a bad they were instituted by one Cerdo in the year 150. Ceremonies rites of the Church from the ancient Latin word Cerus which signifieth holy or else from the Caerites a people of Hetruria who chearfully entertained all the sacred things of the Romans which were brought to them by the Vestals when Rome was taken by the Gaules whereupon the Romans out of gratitude ordered that all things belonging to Religious Worship should be called Ceremonies Ceres the daughter of Saturn and Ops by whom Jupiter had Proserpina and being snatcht away by Pluto Ceres wandered through the world to seek her and came to the Court of Eleusius King of Attica whose son Triptolomus she made immortal and seating him in a Chariot drawn
being told they should throw the bones of their first mother behind them they took stones out of the earth and cast them behind them Those which Deucalion cast became men and those whic Pyrrha cast became women Devest lat signifieth in Common Law to deprive of a possession Devils-bit a kind of plant whose root looks as if it were and is fain'd to have been bitten by the Devil out of envy because of the many excellent virtues and properties it hath wherewith mankinde is benefitted Developed French unfolded Deviation lat a turning aside out of the way Devirgination lat a deflouring or depriving of Virginity Devise in Common-law is where a man in his will bequeaths his goods or his lands to another after his decease and he to whom the lands or goods are bequeathed is called the devisee devise also signifieth a Motto or conceit in a Coat of Arms or Picture and is also called an Imprese Deumo an Idol adored by the East Indians of Calicut Devoir French duty Devoirs of Caleis were the customs due to the King for Merchandize brought to or carried thence when our staple was there Devolution lat a rolling down a falling from one to another Devote lat vowed or consecrate to God Devotion lat a vowing or consecrating also piety religiousnesse Deusan any kind of hard fruit that lasteth long so called from durare to last Deuteronomy Greek a Book written by Moses signifying the second Law being the fifth Book in the Holy Scriptures Dew is generated of a most thin cold vapour onely exhal'd so high by the Sun as to keep it up in the air but when he withdrawes himself from our Hemisphear it falleth down again in round drops and is by the coldnesse of the air congealed resolved into water Dewlap called in Latin paleare the skin which hangeth down under the throat of an oxe Dexterity lat nimblenesse readiness agility Dexter aspect is contrary to the succession of the Signs Dexter point a term in Heraldry being that place in an Escutchâ—on that hath its beginning near the right corner in the chief thereof D I Diabetical Greek a term in Physick signifying troubled with the Diabetes which is a disease wherein a mans water runneth from him without any stay Diabolical Greek devillish Diacatholicon a certain Medicine or physical Composition Diachylon a Plaister composed of juices whose office is to soften and concoct Diaconal Greek belonging to a Servant Minister or Deacon Diademe Greek a wreathed hatband also a Kings Crown Diaeresis Greek a figure whereby one syllable is divided into two Diagnostic Greek thoroughly knowing or discerning in Physick Diagnostic signs of a disease are those signs which at present are apparent Diagonal Greek a term in Geometry signifying a line in a quadrangle which passeth from one corner to another Diagram Greek a Geometrical figure also a certain form described in demonstrative sciences also a proportion of measures in Musick distinguished by Notes Diagraphical Greek belonging to to the art of painting or graving Dialect Greek a propriety of speech or difference of pronunciation peculiar to each several Countrey as in Greece heretofore there were the Attick Dorick Ionick and Aeolick Dialects or Idiom's it is also the art of Logick Diallel lines Greek lines running crosse and cutting one another Dialogisme Greek a figure wherein a man reasoneth and discourseth with himself as it were with another Dialogue Greek a written discourse wherein two parties are brought in talking together Diameter Greek a Geometrical word signifying a streight line drawn through the middle or Center of any figure Diamond a sort of precious stone called also Adamant so hard that it is not to be softned by any thing but Goats bloud it cometh from the Greek word Adamas untamable Diana the daughter of Jupiter and Latona brought forth at one birth with Apollo she that she might keep her Virginity fled into the Woods and addicted her self wholly to hunting whereupon she was called the Goddesse of the Woods Diapasme Greek a Pomander or perfume made of dry powders which is used upon several occasions Diapason Greek an eight or the most perfect concord in Musick Diaper a kinde of linnen cloath which is wrought with flourishes and divers sorts of figures Diaperd a bordure in Heraldry is properly said to be Diapred where it is fretted all over and hath something quick or dead appearing within the frets Diapering in painting is an overrunning your work after it is quite finish't with branches or other work Diaphanous Greek transparent or that may be seen through or pierced through by the Sun beams Diaphony Greek a harsh sound a sound which maketh a discord Diaphoretick Greek easily piercing through a word used in physick and signifies a Medicine that discusses any humour by concoction or transpiration Diaphragme Greek a fence or hedge in Anatomy it signifieth a skin or muscle which passeth overthwart the body seperating the breast or middle region from the stomack or lower region Diarrhaea Greek a flux of the belly without any inflammation of the Entrailes Diastole Greek a figure whereby a syllable short by nature is made long also in physick it is taken for that motion of the pulses which dilates the heart and the arteries being contrary to Systole which contracts them Diarie a Diurnal or Day-book wherein the passages of every day are written Diatesseron Greek one of the chief Chords in Musick called a fourth also a plaister that consists but of foure ingredients Diatribe Greek a place where Oratoâ—ns or Disputations are held Dibble a two forked instrument wherewith they set Herbs in a Garden Dicacity lat a taunting or mocking Dicearch Greek a just Governour or Prince Dication or Dedication lat a promising devoting or consecrating Dichotomy Greek a cutting in two pieces a dividing a speech or discourse into two parts Dicker a quantity of leather containing ten Hides Dictate lat to tell any one what they are to write Dickins a contraction from Devilkins or little Devils Dictator lat a great Commander among the Romans who had the chief authority for the time being both in war and peace he was never chosen but upon some great occasion and his command was to last but half a year Dictionary lat called in Greek a Lexicon a Book wherein hard words and names are mentioned and unfolded Dictum the ancient name of a City in Caernarvonshire now called Diganway Dictynna a name attributed to Diana who flying from Minos she cast her self into certain nets which are called Dictya Didapper a kind of bird so called from the Greek word Diadyptein to duck under water Dido the daughter of Belus King of the Tyrians she was married to Sichaeus Priest of Hercules whom Pygmalion slew that he might obtain his riches but she gathering all the wealth she could together fled into Africa and there built a City which was first called Byrsa afterwards Carthage and refusing to marry Iarbas King of Getulia because he went about to
Turks and Persians Divarication lat a striding wide Diventilation lat a winnowing or tossing to and fro Diverberation lat a violent beating Diversified lat varied Diversity lat variety Diverticle lat a by-way also a device or shift Divertisment French recreation or pastime Dividend in Arithmetick is the number which is to be divided also the share which is equally divided among the Fellows of a Colledge Also Dividends in the Exchequer seem to be one part of an Indenture Dividual lat easie or apt to be divided Divinaile old word a riddle Divination lat a presageing of things to come Divine lat heavenly also it is taken substantively for a professour of Theology whom Chaucer calls a divinistre Divisibility Philosophic it signifies a capacity in a thing to be divided Division lat a dividing or cutting into two parts Divitiacus a King of the Gaules who as some say was King of the Brittains Divorce in Common law is a separation between two married together not onely from bed and board but from the bond of wedlock Divour see Dyvour Diuretical Greek that which provokes urine Diurnal lat belonging to the day It is also used substantively for a Pamphlet wherein the passages of every day are recorded Diuturnity lat lastingnesse or long continuance Divulgation lat a making known abroad Divulsion lat a pulling violently asunder Dizain French the number ten also a kinde of French Coyn of about the value of a penny also a song consisting of twelve Stanza's D O Dobeler a great dish or platter Dobuni ancient people of the Brittains who inhabited those parts which are now called Oxfordshire and Glostershire Doced or Douced a Musical instrument otherwise called a Dulcimer Docility Docibility lat aptnesse to learn that which is taught Docke a place where ships are built or laid up from the Greek word Cocheion a receptacle also a kinde of Herb called in Latin Lapathum Docket a Brief in writing Doctoral lat belonging to a Doctor i. e. Teacher or one that hath taken the highest degree in Divinity Physick or Civil Law Document lat a teaching or instructing Dodded old word in Latin Decornutus unhorned also lopped as a Tree having the branches cut off Dodder a certain weed winding about Herbs Dodecaedrie Greek a Geometrical figure of 12 sides Dodecagon Greek a Geometrical figure of 12 Angles Dodecatemorie Greek an Astronomical Term being one of the 12 parts into which the Zodiack is divided Dodkin a kinde of small piece of money which some think to be of the same value as our farthing Dodona a Citie of Chaonia a Countrey of Greece near to which there was a Temple and Oracle of Jupiter within a Wood sacred to the same Deity of which Wood it was fain'd that the Trees were vocal and returned the answers of the Oracle also the name of a Fountain whose water had a property both to quench and kindle fire Dotrantal lat of the weight or measure of nine ounces Dog-dayes see Canicular dayes Dogdraw a Term used in Forrest law is when any man is found drawing after a Deer by the scent of a hound which he leadeth in his hand being one of the four circumstances wherein a Forrester may arrest the body of an offender against Vert or Venison in the Forrest the other three being Stablestand Back berond and Bloudy-hand Doge of Venice is the supream Magistrate or Duke of Venice Dogger a kinde of ship Dogmatist Greek one that bringeth in any new Sect or opinion Dolation lat a making smooth or plain Dole lat deceit fraud also grief also a distributing or dealing of Almes or gifts Dollar a Dutch Coyn of the value of four shillings Dolling old word warming Dolorous lat painfull or sorrowfull Dolphin a kinde of fish so called as some say from the Delphi who were the first finders of it also the title of the eldest son of the King of France from Daulphin a Province of France also a constellation beautified with nine bright stars according to the number of the Muses Dolt a sot or blockhead from the Dutch word Doll Dolven buried from the old word Delve to dig Dolyman a kinde of Turkish Garment Domable lat tameable Dome Ital. a Town-house or chief meeting place of a Citie Domestick lat tame belonging to a family or houshold Domicil lat a dwelling-house or place of habitation Domination lat a ruling or lording over others dominations are also one of the nine orders of Angels Dominical letter the red Letter in the Calender wherewith Sunday or the Lords day is mark't Dominicans an Order of Fryars instituted by St. Dominick a Spaniard about the year 1206. Domino a kinde of hood worn by Canons also a mourning vail for women Domition or Domiture lat a taming Domo reparanda a Writ that lieth against one whose house going to decay may indanger his Neighbours house by falling Donary lat a gift or present Donatists a Sect of Hereticks whereof the more rigid sort are called Circumcellians they held the son to be lesse then the father and the holy Ghost lesse then the son and affirm'd the true Church to be onely in Africa they were instituted by Donatus Bishop of Carthage in the year 358. the more moderate sort were called Rogatists Donative lat apt to give it is substantively taken for a benefice meerly given by a Patron to any man also a Princes gift A Dondon old word a short fat woman Donee in Common-law is he to whom Lands are given as Donour is he who giveth them Donegal see Tyrconel Dooms-day-book a book made in the time of Edward the Confessour some say of William the Conquerour wherein all the ancient demeans of England were registred with the names of all those that possessed them Dooms-man a Judge from the Saxon word Doom a Judgement or sentence Dorcas the proper name of a woman the word signifieth a Deer Dorado Span. guilded over Dorchester the chief Town in Dorcetshire it was in old time called Durnovaria i. e. the River passage it was miserably harrass't by Sueno the Dane and afterwards by Hush the Norman but flourish't again in King Edwards dayes there is also another Town of this name in Oxfordshire by Leland called Hydropolis Dour signifying in the ancient Brittish tongue water Dorick dialect see Dialect Dorick Musick a kinde of grave and solemne Musick also Dorick work in Architecture see Corinthian Doris the daughter of Oceanus and Thetis she being married to Nereus brought forth a great number of Sea-nymphs called Nereides Dormant in Heraldry signifieth lying in a sleeping posture also in Law a writing Dormant is that which hath a blank to put in the name of any one also a Dormant-tree is a great beam which lieth crosse the house which some call a Summer Dormers window's made in the roof of a house Dorothy a womans name signifying in Greek the gift of God Dorp or Thorp a Countrey Town or Village Dorrie a kinde of fish so called because the sides
another Copy E D Edacity lat a greedy eating or devouring Eddie the turning round in a stream Edelfleda or Elfleda the wife of Ethelred King of the Mercians who after her husbands death governed that Kingdom for eight years with great prudence and moderation Edentate lat to make toothlesse Edgehill a Hill in Warwick-shire where the first pitch't field was fought between the forces of King Charles the first and the Parliament of England Edict lat a Proclamation or publick Ordinance Edification lat building also it is Metaphorically taken for instruction Edifice lat a house or building Edil or Eadile lat an Officer in Rome who was appointed to oversee the building of Temples and private houses Edinton called in old time Eathandune a Town in Wiltshire where King Alfred overthrew the Danes in a memorable battle here also William de Edinton Bishop of Winchester erected a Colledge for an Order of men called bon hommes i. e. good men Edition lat a setting forth of any thing but commonly it is taken for the impression of a book Edmund the proper name of a man signifying in the Saxon tongue happy peace St. Edmundsbury a Town in Suffolk anciently called Bederick's gueord i. e. the Court or Mansion-house of Bederick and seems to have been the same Town with that which Antonine calleth Villa Faustini It derived its present name from King Edmund who was cruelly put to death by the Danes and his body translated hither a stately Church being also erected to his memory which being demolished by Suenus the Dane was built anew by his son Canutus to expiate his fathers sacriledge Education lat a bringing up or instructing Edward a proper name signifying in the Saxon tongue happy keeper E F Effable lat to be express't or uttered Effâ—ct Lat. the doing or finishing of a thing Efficacie lat vertue ability also force urgency in speech Efficient lat causing to come to passe it is a word chiefly applied to one of the four causes treated of in Logick Effiction lat a forming or expressing a thing Effigies lat the form or representation of any thing Efflagitation lat an earnest requesting or importuning Efflâ—rescence lat a sprouting or budding forth Effluence Effluvium or Efflux lat a flowing forth Effoemination lat a making soft nice or womanish Efforts French violent Assays strong impressions Effroenation lat unbridlednesse or rashnesse Effronterie see Affrontednesse Effusion lat a powring out or wasting Eft old word again Eftsoones old word quickly E G. Egbert a proper name signifying in the Saxon tongue ever bright and famous Egestion lat a voiding or conveying forth Eggement old word procurement Eglantine a certain herb so called from the Dutch Eghel i. e. a Hedge-hog because it is full of prickles It is also call'd sweet Bryar Eglogue see Eclogue Egregious lat excellent Egremont a Castle in Cumberland which William de Mesâ—hines held by Knights service of King Henry the first Egression or Egresse lat a going forth Egrimony see Aegrimony E J Ejaculation lat a casting forth also by Metaphor a spiritual trance Ejection lat a casting out The Eight anciently called Alney i. e. the Island a place in Glocestershire where a single Combat was fought between Edmund King of the English and Canutus King of the Danes to decide their right to the Kingdom Eirenarchie Greek the Office of Constable or Justice of Peace Ejulation lat a yelling or pittifull crying out Ejuration lat a renouncing a yielding up ones place E L. Ela the highest note in the scale of Musick or Gam ut Elaborate lat done with exactnesse and pains An Elaboratory or Labratory lat a place to work in properly a Chymists work-house or shop Elapidation lat a taking away stones Elapsion lat a slipping out Elated lat lifted up exalted proud Eld old word age Eldership Ele old word help Eleanor a proper name of women deduced from Helena Elecampane in Latin Enula Campana a certain Herb called Horseheal Election lat a choosing or setting apart Elections are times elected for the doing any manner of work by the secret operations of the Heavens by the nature of the signes planets and aspects of the Moon Electors certain Princes belonging to the Roman Empire Electrum a kinde of precious Gum called Amber distilling from Poplar Trees into which the Poets fain the sisters of Phaeton to have been turned Electuarie a certain confection or Medicinable composition made of the most select drugs Eleemosynary Greek an Almner or giver of Almes Elegancy lat gallantnesse in speech or apparel Elegie Greek a kinde of mournfull verse or Funeral song Elegit a Writ for the recovery of goods or lands toward the payment of any debt Elements those pure unmix't bodies which are principles of all things an Element is defin'd by the Philosophers to be a body not composed of any former bodies and of which all former bodies are composed also the rudiments of any Art also the single letters of the Alphabet Elench Greek a subtile or argumentary reproof Elenge old word strange Elephancie or Elephantiacy Greek a kinde of disease called a leprosie Elevation lat an exalting or lifting up Eleyson see Kyre Eleyson Elf a fairy it seems to be corrupted from the Greek word Ephialtes Elguze the left shoulder of Orion Elibation see Delibation Elicitation lat a drawing out an enticing Eligible lat apt to be elected or chosen Elimation lat a filing off Elimination lat a throwing over the threshold a casting out of doors Eliquament lat a fat juyce which is squeezed out of any kinde of flesh Elizabeth Hebr. quiet rest of the Lord a proper name of women Elision lat a hitting against Elixation lat a seething Elixir in Arab. signifieth strength it is commonly taken for the quintessence of any thing the Philosophers stone Elizabeth the proper name of a woman from the Hebrew words Eli and Shavang i. e. the Oath of God Elk a kinde of strong swift beast derived from the Greek word Alce i. e. strength Ellis a proper name corruptly for Elias Hebr. Lord God Elmet a certain Territory or little Region about Leeds in York-shire anciently so called which Eadwin the son of Ealla King of Northumberland Conquered from Cereticus the Brittish King in the year 620. Elocution lat proper speech handsome utterance Elogie lat a Testimony given in commendation of any one Eloinment French or Elongation lat a removing a great way off Elopement in Law is when a married woman leaves her husband and dwells with an Adulterer Eloquence lat neatnesse power and perswasivenesse in speech Elucidation lat a making bright clear or plain Elvish old word froward Elutheria Greek certain feasts celebrated by the ancient Heathens Elysian fields certain pleasant places into which the Heathens held that the Souls of men passed after death E M Emaceration lat a making lean Emaciating the same Emaculation lat a taking away of spots Emanation lat a flowing from Emancipation lat hath the same
lat a little grain Graphical Greek curiously describ'd or wrought Graplings crooked irons that hold ships together they are called also Grapnels Grassation lat a spoyling or laying waste Gratiae expectativae certain Bulles whereby the Pope used to grant out Mandates of Ecclesiastical livings Gratianople a Citie of Narbon in France Gratianus the name of a Roman Emperour sirnamed Funarius he was perfidiously slain by Andragathius one of his Captains in Lions in France Gratification lat a rewarding or making amends Gratis lat freely for nothing Gratuity lat a free reward Gratulation lat a rejoycing in anothers behalf also a thanking A Grave see Greve Grave a ship to make her lye drie a ground and to burn off the filth with stubble Graveolence lat a smelling rank or strong Graver a small piece of steel used in graving formed Lozenge or Diamond square there are different sorts of graving see Sele-graving Gravidity lat a being with Child Gravity lat heavinesse or weight being applied to bodies also gravenesse or sobernesse in behaviour Graunt in Common-law is a gift in writing of such a thing as cannot be passed in word onely Greace a Term of hunting the fat of a Boare or Hare the fat of a Boare hath an addition and is called Bevygreace Greach-breach see Grith-breach Greaves French Armour for the legges Grecisme Greek a speaking after the Idiom of the Greek tongue Gree willingnesse from the French word Gre or the Latin Gratum Green cloath the name of a Court of Justice that used to fit in the Coumpting-house of the Kings Court. Green hew a Term used in the Forrest-laws signifying every thing that groweth green within the Forrest it is also called Vert. Greenwich q. Green Creek a Town in Kent where in old times there lay at Rode a great Fleet of the Danes under Thurkill their Captain who put to a cruel death Ealpheg Arch-Bishop of Canterbury this place is also famous for a Royal Palace built by Humphry Duke of Glocester and by him named Placence he also built here upon a high Hill a pleasant Town famous in Spanish fables Greese a staire or step from the Latin word Gressus Gregal lat belonging to a flock Gregorie a proper name of men signifying in Greek watchfull answering to the Latin Vigilius Gregorian a kinde of Cap also Gregorian account a correction of the Calender by Pope Gregorie the 13th making the year to consist of 365 dayes 5 hours 49 minutes and 12 seconds whereas before according to the Julian account it consisted of 365 dayes and 6 hours Gresham Colledge a fair house in the Citie of London once the habitation of Sir Thomas Gresham who constituted it a Colledge and endowed it with Revenues for the maintaining of Professours of Divinity Law Physick Astronomy Geometry and Musick the said Sir Thomas Gresham built also that stately Fabrick commonly called the Royal Exchange Greve or Grave a word of authority among the Low Dutch signifying as much as Lord or Governour Griff-graff French by hook or by crook Griffith see Gryffith A Grigge a young Eele Grilliade French a kinde of meat broyled Grimbald or Grimoald a proper name of men signifying in the German tongue powr over anger A Griph old word a riddle Grishild Germ. the proper name of divers women signifying Grey Lady in Latin Gesia A Grit a kinde of fish otherwise called a Grample fish Grith-breach or Gich-breach a breach of peace Grith signifying in the Saxon tongue peace Grobianisme French slovenly behaviour Grommets in Navigation are little rings made fast to the upper side of the yard to which the caskets Groening the chief Town of West Frizeland from the Dutch word Groen i. e. Green because it is seated in a Green place Gromel or Gromil a kinde of Herb called also Pearle plant Gron a Saxon word signifying a fenny place whence some derive Grandcester a Town in Cambridge-shire Groop old word a pissing place Grosvenour i. e. great Hunter the name of a Noble family of Cheshire commonly contracted into Gravenour Grot Ital. a Cave Grotesch Ital. a kind of mixt or confused piece of painting or sculpture antick work hence it is taken for any rude misshapen thing Groveling quasi Ground-lying a lying prone or with ones face downward upon the ground To Ground a ship to bring her on the ground to be trimmed Ground-pine a kinde of Herb which creeps upon the ground and hath a resemblance to the Pine-tree Groundswell a certain Herb called in Latin Senecio because it quickly decayes Grouppade French a Term in horsmanship being a lofty kinde of management higher then an ordinary Curvet A Growm an ensign to stretch woollen Cloath with after it is woven To grown the Forresters say a Buck growneth Grumâ—sity lat a curdling of any liquid substance into a thick masse or clod Gryffen a certain animal feathered like a foul and having four feet as a beast some derive it from the Hebrew word Garaph i. e. to snatch Gryph see Griph Gryffith an old Brittish name signifying strong-faithed G U Guadalquivir a River of Andaluzia in Spain anciently called Baetis Guadiana a River of Portugal now called Ana which runs fourteen miles under ground whence they boast of a bridge whereon 10000 Cattel may feed Guaiacum a certain drying wood which is good against the venereal disease Guastald he that hath the custody of the Kings mansion houses Castelein being he who onely hath the custody of Castles and Fortresses Guastaliens a religious order of men and women begun in the year 1537. by the Countesse of Guastala A Gubbin old word a fragment Gubernation lat a governing or ruling Gudgeons rudder irons to ships Guelphs and Gibellines two great factions in Italy Guenliana a valiant Lady the wife of Gruffin Prince of Wales she valiantly assailing Maurice of London who invaded those parts was with her son Morgan slain in the battail Guerdon French a reward some derive it from the Greek word Cerdos i. e. gain Gugaws see Gewgaws Guidage money paid for safe conduct through a strange Territory Guidon a Cornet of Argolatiers that serve on hors-back with Petronels Guilford Sax. Geglford a Town in Surrey the Royal Mansion in times past of the English Saxon Kings who had 75 Hages i. e. houses wherein remained 175 men here Elfrid the son of King Ethelred was most barbarously betrayed by Goodwin Earle of Kent who contrary to his faithfull promise delivered him into the hands of Harold the Dane and by a cruel decimation slew almost all his men that came with him out of Normandy Guinethia or Guineth that part of Wales commonly called South-wales it is also called Venedotia Guild a society incorporate from the Dutch word Geld i. e. money Guld a kinde of weed growing among Corn called in Latin Maneleta whence came the Law of Maneleta ordained by King Kenneth of Scotland which was that if any one suffered his land to be over-run with weeds he should forfeit an Oxe Gules see Geules Gule of
Latin records de Lupello Loverd or Laverd old word a Lord. Lourdain see Lordane Louvre a stately Palace in Paris and the chief seat of the Kings of France built by Francis the first and augmented with a long stately Gallery by Henry the fourth Lowbell as it were loud bell a certain bell hung about the neck of a weather Lozenge a little square cake made of preserved herbs in the form of a Rhomb or a quarrel of Glasse L U Lua a certain goddesse among the ancient Romans she was the goddesse of all lustrations and purging from sin Lubricity lat slipperinesse Lucernes a kind of rich Fur taken from a beast of the same name breeding in Russia and those Northerly Countries Lucia a Christian name of divers women signifying in Latin Lightsome Lucida Laucis a Star in 9 degrees 45 minutes of Scorpio Lucidity lat brightnesse shiningnesse Lucifer lat as it were lightbearing the morning Star called in Greek Phosphorus Lucina a name attributed to Juno as she is the Patronesse of Childbirth or as some say to Diana or the Moon Lucius the praenomen of divers famous men among the Romans as Lucius Sylla Lucius Antonius Commodus the Emperour Lucius Septimius Severus and many others The first of this name is likely to have been so called from being born in the dawn or first shining of the day Lucre lat gain or profit whence Lucration a gaining or winning Lucretia the daughter of Lucretius Tricipitinus Prefect of Rome and the wife of Tarquinius Collatinus she being ravisht by Sextus the son of Tarquinius Superbus King of the Romans slew her self which was the cause of banishing both Tarquin and Kingly Government from Rome which was afterwards ruled by Consuls chosen anew every year and this act of Lucretia hath ever since been so famed that every chast woman is proverbially called a Lucrece Luctation lat a striving or wrestling Luctatius Catulus a famous Captain of the Romans who with 300 ships overcame 600 of the Carthaginians and made an end of the war Lucubration lat a studying or working by candle-light Luculency lat clearnesse brightness fulnesse of light Lucullus a famous Roman being a man of great eloquence and ingenuity he having been successeful in the wars against Mithridates heaped up a mighty masse of riches after the war was ended gave himself up wholy to ease and delicacy living in more state and splendor than any of that Age besides afterwards beginning to grow mad he was given in charge to his brother Marcus Ludibrious lat shameful or reproachful Ludicrous lat belonging to sport recreation or mockery Ludification lat a mocking or deceiving Ludlow a Town in Shropshire in Old times called Dinan afterwards Lystwysoc i. the Princes Palace it hath a fair Castle built by Roger Montgomery which was besieged by King Stephen who valiantly rescued Henry son to the King of Scots who was about to have been pulled into the Castle with an iron hook Ludovicus Pius the son of Charles the Great who was created Emperour by Pope Leo he succeeded his father in the Empire and Kingdom of France also Ludovicus hath been the name of several other Emperours and Kings of France this name according to Helmoldus Nigellus is deriv'd from the Dutch words Hludo Wiggh i. e. famous Warrier Lugdunum the chief Citie of Gallia Celtica vulgarly called Lyons built by Munatius Plancus a Roman Governour Lugubrous lat mournfull heavy sorrowfull Luition lat a making satisfaction for any offence also a paying a ransome Luke Hebr. rising or lifting up Lumbar see Lombar Luminaries in Lat. Luminaria lights lamps also conspicuous stars as the sun and moon also the feast of Christs Nativity commonly called Christmas was by the ancient Western Church called Luminaria Luminous lat full of light Lunaeburgum a great Citie of Germany built by Julius Caesar vulgarly called Lunemburgh Lunar belonging to the Planet of the Moon called in Latin Luna Lunatick lat troubled with a Lunacy i. a kinde of madnesse which happens at certain times of the Moon Lunes for Hawks leashes or long lines to call them Lungis French a tall slim man that hath no making to his heighth Lupercal a place about Rome where anciently certain feasts were celebrated to Pan which were called Lupercalia from Lupa a she-wolf which gave Romulus suck or as some say a Harlot of that name which nursed him Lupines lat a kind of little flat round pulse almost like a small bean Lurcation lat a greedy eating or playing the glutton derived originally from Lura a great leathern bottle Lure for Hawks a certain leathern device whereby with a little piece of flesh they call a Hawk from a good distance off it comes from the Dutch word Laeden i. e. to invite Lurid lat pale wan of a sallow colour Luscitation lat a being dim-sighted or pore-blind Lushborough a base Coyn brought over from beyond Sea in the dayes of King Edward the third †Lusion lat a playing or gaming Lusitania the third part of Spain according to the ancient division it is now called Portugal and is a Kingdom by it self A Lusk a slug or sloathfull fellow from the French word lasche Lust of a ship a Term in Navigation when a ship out of her own mold and making hath an inclination more to one side then another Lustration lat a going about also a purging by sacrifice Lustre French a shining also from the Latin word lustrum it signifieth a Den of wilde beasts also the space of five years by which space the Romans were wont to compute the time Lutheranisme the doctrine and judgement of Martin Luther who being first a Monk of the Order of St. Augustin forsook the Church of Rome and writ against the errors of it Luteous lat muddy or of a muddy colour Lutulent lat miry or dirty Lutzenburgum or Lutzenburgh a Dutchy in the low Countreys adjoining to Leige and Namur being one of the 17 Provinces and having a chief Citie of the same name Luxation lat a putting out of joynt a making loose Luxuriant or Luxurious lat riotous given to excesse or debauchery L Y Lycanthropy Greek a kinde of melancoly or phrenzy which causeth those that are poâ—sest therewith to think themselves turned into Wolves and to fly the company of men Lyâ—aon the son of Pelasgus and King of Arcadia who when Jupiter came into Arcadia in the likenesse of a mortal man resolved to try whether he were a God or no as men reported him to be and killing one of those whom the King of the Molossi had left with him for pledges he caused him to be dressed and part rosted to be set before Jupiter whereat he being highly provoked turned Lycaon into a Wolf and burnt his Pallace with Thunder others say it was for sprinkling with the bloud of an Infant an Altar which he had erected to Jupiter upon the Mountain Lycaeus a hill of Arcadia Lycaonia a Countrey of Asia the lesse near Phrygia and reaching
to death he was placed together with the Scorpion among the heavenly constellations some say he was the son of Oenopion King of Sicilie and that lying with his sister Candiope he had his eyes put out by his father others deliver him to have been born by a very strange way of which see more in Hyreus Orithyia the daughter of Erectheus King of Athens she was ravish't away by Boreas who fell in love with her and brought forth Zethus and Calais who going with the Argonauts to Colchos put the Harpies to flight Orle a Term in Blason being an ordinary composed of a threefold line doubled admitting a transparency of the field through the innermost space Orlop a Term in Navigation signifying the second and lower deck of a ship Ormus a famous Citie of Persia being most pleasantly situated in an Island and abounding with shells which breed the fairest and clearest Pearles that are it was taken by the Lieutenant General to the King of Portugal in the year 1506. Ornature lat a setting forth trimming or adorning Ornomancy Greek a kinde of Divination by birds Orontes a River of Coelosyria which rising out of the Hill Libanus runs under ground till it come to Apamia and falleth into the Sea near Seleucia Orphanisme lat the state of an Orphane i. a fatherlesse Child Orpheus a famous Poet and Musician of Thrace the son of Calliope and Apollo he took so heavily the losse of his wife Euridice of which see Euridice that he utterly abandoned the company of women for which he was torn in pieces by the Maenades at the Feast of Bacchus and his several members being cast down the River Hebrus were gathered up by the Muses and buried and his Harp translated up to Heaven Orpiment a certain drug found deep in the earth being a kind of Arsenick or Ratsbane and is called in Latin Auripigmentum from its golden colour Orpine a kind of herb called in Greek Telephion from Telephus the first discoverer of it Orque lat a hulk or huge Ship also the same as Orch. Orrice a certain flower called in Greek Iris because it resembleth the Rainbow in diversity of colours it is vulgarly called a flower delice Orsilochus the son of Idomeneus who following his father to the wars of Troy was at the taking of Troy slain by Vlisses Ortelli a word used in the Forrest Laws signifying the claws of a dogs foot Orthodox or Orthodoxal Greek of a true and right opinion of a sound faith Orthogonal Greek having even or right angles Orthography Greek the manner of right and true writing Also in Architecture or Fortification it is taken for the upright erection of any work as it appears when it is finisht Ortygia one of the Cyclades Islands called also Delos sacred to Apollo and into which the Poets feign Asteria the sister of Latona to have been turned after she had been turned into a quail called in Greek ortyx Orval a certain herb otherwise called Clary or Clear-eye An Oryx or Orynx Greek a kind of wild Goat in Africa O S Osbert a proper name among the Saxons signifying Light of the Family Osborn another proper name signifying in Saxon House-child Oscillation lat a hanging or tottering motion a swinging upon a rope whose ends are tyed to several beams Oscines lat those kind of birds by whose feeding or voices the Augures used to fortell things to come Oscitation lat a yawning or gaping also idlenesse Osculation lat a kissing or imbracing Osiris the son of Jupiter and Niobe the daughter of Phoroneus whom he succeeded in the Kingdom of Argos but after a while leaving that Kingdom to his brother Aegialeus he went and subdued Aegypt and married the daughter of Inachus called Io or Isis who first taught the Egyptians Letters and sundry Arts and Sciences he was at length slain by Typhon his brother and after his death was worshipped by the Egyptians in the shape of an Oxe St. Osith a Town in Essex so called for it was anciently named Chic from Osith a Virgin of a Royal Family who having consecrated her self to the service of God was here slain by Danish Pirates Osmund the proper name of a man signifying in the Saxon tongue House-peace Osprey a kind of Eagle called in Latin Ossifraga in Greek Perenopterus Ossicle lat a little bone Ossifrage lat a kind of Eagle which breaketh bones with her beak the same as Osprey Ostensional lat a souldier attending the Prince in publick Shews Ostent lat a wonder a monster or strange thing Ostentation lat a boasting vain-glory Ostiary lat one that keeps the hoasts in a Church a doorkeeper or porter Ostomachy Greek a playing at bones Ostracisme Greek a kind of punishment among the Athenians which was a banishing for ten years by delivering shells to the condemned persons wherein their names were written Oswestre in Brittish Croix Oswalds a Town in Shropshire so called for it was anciently named Masserfield from Oswald King of Northumberland whom Penda the Pagan King of the Mercians after he had slain him in a bloody battle tore to pieces in a barbarous manner Oswold a proper name of a man signifying in Dutch House-ruler or Steward and equivalent to the French le Dispencer O T Othes in Latin Otho or Eudo the proper name of a man from the Saxon word Hud i. Keeper Othryades a certain Lacedemonian who in a combat of 300 Lacedemonians to 300 Argives being the onely man of all his party left alive put to flight those two who were the onely men left alive of the Argives and writing upon his shield these words I have overcome he slew himself as being ashamed to return to Sparta all the rest of his companions being slain Otraque a certain drink which is made of a Nut growing among the Molucca's Ottadini the ancient name of a people inhabiting that part of Brittain which is now called Northumberland Otterbourn a Town in Northumberland near which was fought a famous battle between the English and Scots in which William Douglas the Leader of the Scottish Army was slain and Sir Henry Percy called Hotspur Commander of the English having lost 1500 of his men was taken prisoner himself Otus and Ephialtes the son of Neptune by Iphimedeia the wife of Aloeus they were of those Gyants that made war with heaven throwing huge rocks and hills against the gods and were at last shot to death by Apollo they were reported to have grown the length of nine acres in nine years O U Oval lat belonging to or in the shape of an egge Ovation lat a kind of petty Triumph for a Victory obtained with the slaughter of a few men onely it is so called from the souldiers following their Commander shouting and singing O O or from Ovis i. a sheep which used to be sacrificed by him whereas in a greater Triumph the General sacrificed a Bull and his souldiers following cryed out Io Io Triumpho also Ovation from Ovum i. an egge
signifying the season wherein hens lay egges An Ouch a collar of Gold a Jewel or Tablet it is also caled a brooch Oviary lat a flock of sheep Oviparous animals lat those creatures that bring forth egges or spawn Ounce a certain weight being the twelfth part of a pound Troy weight but in a pound aver du pois it is the sixteenth part also a kind of spotted beast called a Lynx Ounding old word rising like waves Ourage French work or labour Outborow see Inborow Outfangthef see Infangthef Outlawry in Latin Vtlagaria the losse or deprivation of the benefit belonging to a subject of the Kings protection and the Realm Outparters a sort of theeves about Ridesdale that ride about to fetch in such cattel or other things as they can light on O W Owelty of services an equality when the Tenant paravail oweth as much to the Mesen as the Mesen doth to the Lord Paramount Owen in Latin Audoenus the proper name of a man being the same with the Latin Eugenius as appeareth by severall Records O X Oxford the chief City of Oxfordshire which some say hath been anciently called Caer Vortigern and Caer Vember as being thought to have been built by Vortigern and Memprix but the Saxons called it Oxenford corresponding to Bosphorus among the Greeks from a foard of Oxen. Leland deriveth it from the River Ouse and supposeth it may have formerly been called Ouseford It is chiefly famous for its University which Cambden calleth Our most noble Athens the Muses seat the Sun the Eye and the Soul of England This University was begun as most Authors agree in the year of our Lord 806. three Colledges being built by the learned Aelfred who then reigned Oxgang of land see Bovata terrae Oxygon Greek a term in Geometry being a Triangle having three acute Angles Oxymel Greek a certain kind of potion made of honey vinegar and water boyled together being good to attenuate grosse phlegmatick humours O Y Oyer and terminer French signifieth in Common Law a Commission granted to certain men for the hearing and determining of one or more causes O Z Ozene Greek a kind of disease or putrified stinking sore in the nostrils P A Pabular or Pabulatory lat belonging to forrage provender or fodder for cattel Pacation lat a stilling or appeasing Pace a measure of two foot and a half or the distance from the toes of the fore-foot to the heels of the hinderfoot but a Geometrical pace consisteth of 5 foot a thousand of which paces make up a mile Pachynum a Promontory of Sicily lying toward the Peloponnesus Paciferous lat bringing peace Pacification lat a making peace an asswaging or appeasing Paction or Pact lat a bargain covenant or agreement also a truce in war Pactitious lat done by bargain or upon condition Pactolus a River of Lydia rising out of the hill Tmolus the gravel whereof hath been said to be of a golden colour ever since Midas washt himself in the streams Paddock from the Dutch word Padde a toad Padelion a kind of plant otherwise called great Sanicle in Latin Pes leonis Padua a famous City and University of Italy now under the jurisdiction of the Venetian It was anciently built by Antenor the Trojan and called Antenorea Paduentage French common of pasture in one or more Parishes Padus a famous City of Italy rising out of the Hill Vesulus it is now called Po. Paean Greek a certain Hymn which the ancient Greeks used to sing to Apollo Paedagogue Greek a school-master a bringer up of youth in learning Paeonia a part of Macedon was formerly so called from Paeon the son of Endymion Paganical lat belonging to country villages whence Paganals i. Wakes Country-Holidayes Ploughmens Feasts also belonging to a Pagan i. a paynim Heathen or Gentile Paganism heathenism gentilism also the manner or fashion of the Country Paginal lat belonging to a page i. the side of a leaf in a book Pagod a kind of Idol Paigles a sort of flower otherwise called Oxlips Paillardise French lechery whoredom Pain fort dure signifying in Common Law an especial punishment for those that being arraigned of felony refuse to put themselves upon the ordinary trial of God and the Country and thereby are mute and dumb Paisage French the discription of any part of the Country in painting or drawing See Landskip Palamedes the son of Nauplius King of Eubaea he was the occasion of Vlisses being forced against his will to go to the Trojan wars but was himself by a forged accusation of Vlisses stoned to death by the Graecian Army He is said to have been the first that accomodated the year to the course of the Sun he is also said to have found out the use of weights and measures and to have added to the Greek tongue these 4 letters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Palate lat the roof of the mouth being the uppermost hollow part wherein the sense of tasting lies Palatinate the Country or chief Seat of a Count Palatine or Paladine i. a Supream Officer in a Sovereign Princes Palace but it is more especially taken for one of the Electors of the Roman Empire called the Palsgrave or Prince Palatine of the Rhene also certain Knights of this Island in ancient times called Knights of the round Table were called Paladines also Palatine signifieth adjectively belonging to a Princes Palace Palaemon the son of Aâ—hamas and Ino called also Melicerta See Ino. Pale a term in Heraldry being an Ordinary consisting of two lines drawn perpendicularly from the top to the bottom of the Escutcheon Pales the goddesse of Shepherds to whom certain Feasts were consecrated called Palilia Palestine a Country of Syria thought by some to have been that Country called Phoenicia whereof Cadmus was King it containeth Judea Samaria and Galilaea Palestrical or Palaestrical Greek belonging to wrestling Palfray French a horse of state for a Princesse or great Lady Palici or Palisci two twins the sons of Jupiter and the Nimph Thaleia whom he ravisht by the River Simethius when she was with child she wished that the earth would open and hide her from the wrath of Juno whereupon the earth immediately opened and received her within its bowels and as soon as she was delivered it opened again and let out the two twins into the World Palindrome Greek a certain verse or sentence which being read forward or backward the words and sense are the same as Sator arepo tenet opera rotas Palingenesie Greek regeneration or new birth Palinode or Palinody Greek a recantation or unsaying what one had spoken or written before Palinurus a Promontory of Lucania so called from Palinurus the Pilot of Aeneas who sleeping fell into the sea and being taken up and rifled by the inhabitants of this place had a Grove consecrated and Cenotaph built unto him to appease his ghost Palisado Span. a defence made with stakes posts piles c. to keep out an enemy Pall lat a certain robe or long
Court belonging to the Civil Law in which the Commissary sits upon Inheritances fallen either by the Intestate or by Will and Testament Priamus the son of Laomedon King of Troy he having been led captive by Hercules into Greece was afterwards ransomed for a great summe of money He had 50 sons whereof 17 he had by his wife Hecuba in his time it was that Troy was taken and sackt by the Greeks Priapismus lat a disease wherein there is an erection of the yard without lust from Priapus the son of Bacchus and Venus he being born at Lampsacus became through the malice of Juno who was his mothers Midwife very ugly and deformed yet he had something about him so pleasing to the women of Lampsacus that after he was banisht by the men of that place they built a Temple to him where they were wont to sacrifice an asse and called him the god of Gardens Pricker a term in Hunting being used for a Huntsman on horseback Pricketh a term in Hunting when a Hare beates in the plain highway where you may yet perceive her footing it is said she pricketh Pricket a brocket spitter or young male Deer of a year or two old beginning to put forth the head Pridian lat belonging to the day before Primacy French the first place or chief rule especially in Ecclesiastical affairs whence a Metropolitan or Arch-Bishop is called a Primate Primage a duty due to Mariners for loading of a Ship at the first setting forth from any Haven Prime lat first or principal also taken substantively for the first hour of the day whence a Primer is a kind of little prayer book containing prayers responsories and antiphones chosen for that hour of the day A Prime is in Surveying an exact part containing 19 inches and four fift parts of an inch Primaevous lat of a former age elder Primero and Primavista Ital. two games at Cards formerly much in use Primier seisin a word used in Common Law a branch of the Kings prerogative whereby he hath the first possession of all Lands and Tenements through the Realm Primigenious lat coming naturally or having its original from it self Primitial lat belonging to the first fruites Primitive lat ancient or of the first Age. Primogeniture lat a first birth also a being eldest or first born Primordial lat belonging to the first original or beginning of all things Primum mobile lat the tenth or highest Orb so called by Astronomers as being the first and upon which the motion of the inferiour Orbs depends Principality lat the dignity or chief seat of a Soveraign Prince also Principalitie is taken for one of the Orders of Angels Princox from the Latin Praecox a hasty or over-ripe headed young boy Priority lat see Posteriority Prisage a custom or share belonging to the King out of such merchandises as are taken by way of lawful prize Priscilla the proper name of a woman being a diminutive of Prisca which signifieth in Latin ancient Priscillianists a sort of Hereticks instituted by one Priscillianus they denied the Persons of the Trinity and held that things had their beginning from two Gods the one good and the other bad Prism Greek a certain Geometrical figure being a solid triangle Pristine lat former ancient wonted Pristis lat a kind of fish very long and slender also a Ship fashioned long and narrow after the manner of that fish Privado Span. a favorite Privation lat a depriving bereaveing or taking away Priviledge that which is granted to any person or place against or beside the course of Common Law Probability lat likelihood Probat of testaments the producing of dead mens Wills before the Ecclesiastical Judge Ordinary of the place where the dead man dieth Probation lat a proving or trying whence a Probationer in the University is one that is to be approved and allowed of by the Colledge for his doctrine and manners before he be chosen Fellow Probe a Chyrurgions Instrument wherewith he tryeth the depth of wounds Probity lat honesty goodnesse integrity Problematical lat belonging to a Problem i. a hard question propounded to any one to explain Proboscide Greek the snout of an Elephant Procacity lat saucinesse malepertnesse scoffing Procatarctick Greek as Procatarctick cause that cause which foregoeth or beginneth another cause Procerity lat heighth of stature tallnesse Processe lat the manner of proceeding in every cause be it personal or reall civil or criminal even from the original writ to the end Procession lat a passing on a going forward also a custom among Clergy-men of passing along the streets singing of Psalms making supplications and visiting the bounds of the Parish Prochronism Gr. an errour in Chronology or the computation of time Prochyta an Island in the Tyrrhene sea not far from Puteoli in Campania so called from Prochyta the Nurse of Aeneas it hath been reported of old that a mountain of Inarime a neighbouring Island being cast into the Sea by an Earthquake was the original of this Island Procidence lat the falling down of any thing out of its place Procinct lat a being prepared or in a readinesse Proclivity lat an aptnesse propensity or inclination to any thing Proconsul lat one in the stead or place of a Consul a deputy Consul Procrastination lat a delaying or putting off from time to time Procreation lat an ingendering or begetting Proctors in Latin Procuratores Advocates or those that sollicit other mens businesses also those that appear in Parliament for Cathedral or other collegiate Churches or for the common Clergy of every diocesse There are also in the University two men chosen from among the Schollars to see good orders kept and exercises performed who are called Proctors Also in the State of Venice there are certain chief officers called Procurators Proculcation lat a trampling or treading under foot Procyon the lesser Dog-Star Prodigality lat riotous or wastefull expence Prodigy lat a monstrous or unnatural action betokening some great evil to come Proditorious lat belonging to Prodition i. treason or treachery traytour-like Prodrome Greek a Praecursour or fore-runner Production lat a producing or bringing forth whence the product in Arithmetick is any number brought forth out of another also a lengthning or making longer Profanation lat a putting holy things to a common use Profection lat a walking forward or going any journey in Astronomy Profection and Progression are all one being no more then a regular change of the significators according to the succession of the signs Professour lat a Lecturer or Reader of any Art or Science in the publick Schools of a University Proficient lat helping forward or profiting Profile Ital. a Term in painting being a picture onely drawn side-wayes Profligation lat a driving away or putting to flight Profluence lat a flowing plentifully abundance Profâ—und is oft-times joyned to other words to add a weight and aggravation to them as profound reverence Cleopatra Profundity lat a great depth a deep extent
was mortally wounded by one Menalippus a Theban Tymnaetes a great Prophet the son of Priamus and Aristia Tympanist he that playeth upon a Tymbrel Taber or Drum called Tympanum Tympany Greek a kind of disease wherein the body becomes swollen up with wind a dropsie Tyndarus a King of Oebalia whose wife Leda brought fourth two egges in one whereof was contained Pollux and Helena in the other Castor and Clytemnestra Type Greek see Typical Typhoeus the son of Titan and Terra a Gyant of a very vast bignesse who going to make War with Jupiter was by him struck with Thunder Typhon a King of Aegypt who killing his brother Osiris and cutting him into several pieces dispersed him through divers Countreys Typical Greek bearing a Type i. an example figure likenesse or shadow of any thing Typographer Greek a Printer Tyrannicide Greek the killing of a Tyrant or cruel Governour Tyrconel a County of Ireland in the Province of Vlster Tyre a famous Citie of Phoenicia anciently called Sarra which in the Phoenician language signifieth a fish that place abounding with a kind of shell-fish the liquour whereof coloureth of a purple dye Tyro a Thessalian Virgin the daughter of Salmoneus and Alcidice after the death of her own mother she was very harshly dealt with by her mother in law Sidero she being got with child by Neptune who lay with her in the shape of Enipeus with whom she was in love brought forth twins Pelias and Neleus and afterwards being married to her Uncle Cretheus she brought forth Aeson Amythaon and Pheres Tyrociny lat an apprentiship or new beginning in any Art or Faculty but more peculiarly Military discipline from Tyron a rawe young souldier one newly entred into the Art of war Tyrrheni a people inhabiting Tuscia or Tyrrhenia being that part of Italy which lieth upon the Sea called from thence the Tyrrhen Sea V A VAcation or Vacancy lat a being at leasure or ceasing from businesse It is also commonly taken for that time which is between one Tearm and another Vaccary in divers Statutes is taken for a place to keep Cows in also a certain compasse of ground within the Forrest of Ashdown Vacchoris an ancient King of Egypt who relinquisht all his riches and state to live a private austere life Vacillation lat a wavering tottering or inconstancy Vacive lat void empty Vacuity lat emptinesse voidnesse Vacuna a certain goddesse among the ancient Romans to whom the Husbandmen sacrificed at such times as they rested from their labours Vadimony lat suretiship Vafrous lat crafty or subtile Vagabond lat a wandering beggar or idle fellow Vagation lat a straying or wandering up and down Vagination lat a sheathing To Vail-bonnet to strike sail in token of submission also to put off ones Hat or give any sign of respect Vaire a term in Blazon being a Fur composed of 4 distinct colours i. argent gules Or and sable Valasca a certain Queen of the Bohemians who having made a conspiracy to shake off the dominion of men raised a great Army of women and having overcome the men reigned a good while like a Queen of the Amazons Valdombreux a certain religious Order of men instituted by Gualbert a Florentine who betook himself to a private studious life in a place called Valdombre or the shady Vale. Valect see Valet Valdo a certain pious man who was the first institutour of the Waldenses in Piemont Valentine a certain Roman Bishop in remembrance of whom every fourteenth day of February is solemnized about which time birds choose their mates whence ariseth the custom of choosing Valentines upon that day Valentinians a sect of Hereticks instituted by one Valentinianus Valerius the name of divers famous men among the Romans the chief whereof was called Valerâ—us Publicola who Triumphed over the Veiâ—ntes and the Sabines and because having built him a house in a very strong place he was suspected of affecting Tyranny he caused his house to be pulled down Valet French the Groom of a chamber also a young Gentleman under age Valetudinary lat sickly also Subst an Hospital or place to keep sick people in Validity lat strength power for e. Valtorts the sirname of a very noble Family who had their ancient residence at Saltash in Cornwall they are stiled in Latin Records De valle toâ—ta Vambrace or Vanbrace French a Gantlet Vancurriers or Vaunteourers French forerunners Vandelbiria the ancient name of a place in Camebridgeshire so called for that in times past the Vandalls or Danes there encamped themselves with a Trench and Rampire it is thought to have been the same with that which is now called Wandlesbury Vaniloqâ—ence lat a talking or babling vainly Vâ—ntguard French the foremost part of an Army in battle Vantrarius a corrupt Latin word used as a Law-term onely upon this occasion Sir Richard Rockesâ—y held Lands at Seaton by Sergeanty to be Vantrarius Regis donec perusus fuerit Pari solutarum pretii 4d. i. e. to be fore-footman to the King at some certain time e. g. when he goeth into Gascoign unâ—il he had worn out a pair of shooes prized 4d. Vapid lat casting forth an ill smack or savour Vaporation lat an exhaling or sending forth of vapours i. certain fumes or smoake drawn out of the earth by the heat of the Sun and easily resolvable into water Vapulation lat a being scourged or beaten Variegation lat a beautifying with various colours Varnish is that wherewith a picture is rubbed over to make it shine and have a glosse there is also a ground or varnâ—sh which is laid upon a plate that is to be etched Varry French in Heraldry is a mixture of argent and azure together Varry cuppy a term also of Heraldry signifying a Fur of cups it is also called Varry tassa or Meire Varvells French little rings of silver about hawks legs having the owners name ingraven on them Vasiferous lat carrying a vessel Vassal in Common Law is he that holdeth land in fee of his Lord it is also taken for a Slave or Inferiour Servant Vastation lat a wasting or destroying Vastity lat excessive bignesse hugenesse or vastnesse of stature Vatican Hill one of the seven Hills of Rome whereon there standeth a famous Palace and Library built by Pope Sixtus the fourth Vaticination lat a prophesying or telling of things to come Vavasours or Valvasours those that in degree are next unto Barons Vaudevil French a Countrey ballade roundelay or song it is also called a Virelay Vauntlay in Hunting is the setting of Hounds in a readinesse where the chace is to passe Vawmure an ancient word signifying a Bulwark or Outwork for defence Vaward see Vanguard Vayvode a Prince or chief Ruler in Transilvania and some of those Northern parts U B Vberty lat store plenty fertility Vbiquitarians a Sect of Hereticks holding Christs body as well as his Godhead to be every where Vbiquity lat a being in all places at one time V E Vecordy lat unsoundnesse of