for_o a_o legal_a right_n as_o the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v may_v be_v lose_v by_o conquest_n or_o part_v with_o by_o resignation_n or_o by_o abdication_n and_o desertion_n and_o that_o the_o late_a king_n have_v so_o desert_v his_o throne_n as_o to_o make_v it_o not_o only_o lawful_a but_o even_o necessary_a for_o his_o subject_n to_o fill_v it_o again_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o those_o who_o insist_v on_o king_n james_n right_n to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v rightful_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o he_o be_v once_o rightful_a king_n which_o be_v all_o that_o they_o pretend_v to_o for_o though_o he_o be_v once_o a_o rightful_a king_n he_o may_v now_o neither_o be_v a_o king_n nor_o have_v any_o right_a to_o be_v king_n ii_o another_o question_n be_v whether_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v the_o rightful_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n now_o have_v king_n james_n die_v before_o the_o pretend_a birth_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n this_o have_v be_v no_o question_n for_o then_o queen_n mary_n have_v be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o she_o right_o and_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o princess_n anne_n allow_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n king_n william_n have_v be_v the_o rightful_a and_o legal_a king_n now_o if_o king_n james_n part_v with_o his_o right_a and_o crown_v together_o by_o forsake_v his_o government_n and_o leave_v his_o throne_n vacant_a and_o the_o estate_n have_v a_o right_n if_o they_o please_v to_o fill_v it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o pretence_n of_o right_n upon_o the_o late_a king_n account_n than_o if_o he_o have_v be_v dead_a and_o as_o for_o the_o pretend_a prince_n of_o wales_n at_o best_a his_o birth_n be_v so_o very_o doubtful_a that_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o the_o estate_n to_o reject_v the_o next_o undoubted_a heir_n for_o he_o especial_o when_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o submit_v that_o 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case_n and_o to_o what_o effect_v and_o purpose_v they_o shall_v be_v right_n and_o they_o be_v legal_a right_n no_o far_o but_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_n that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v civil_a and_o legal_a right_n to_o be_v dispute_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o sword_n for_o that_o be_v a_o dissolution_n of_o civil_a authority_n and_o civil_a government_n and_o therefore_o no_o subject_n can_v be_v bind_v at_o any_o time_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o fight_v for_o a_o suppose_a or_o pretend_v right_o against_o a_o legal_a possessor_n we_o be_v bind_v to_o fight_v for_o our_o king_n to_o defend_v his_o person_n crown_n and_o dignity_n but_o it_o be_v for_o a_o king_n who_o the_o law_n own_o to_o be_v king_n that_o be_v who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o royal_a authority_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o be_v actual_o on_o the_o throne_n according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o all_o civil_a society_n the_o dispute_n about_o the_o legal_a right_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o a_o competent_a authority_n not_o by_o the_o sword_n which_o can_v decide_v no_o question_n but_o which_o side_n be_v strong_a a_o appeal_n to_o the_o sword_n against_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o last_o authority_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n and_o consequent_o be_v no_o part_n of_o legal_a obedience_n and_o defence_n and_o then_o i_o can_v guess_v how_o any_o subject_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o fight_v for_o the_o mere_a right_n of_o a_o prince_n whatever_o opinion_n he_o may_v have_v of_o his_o right_n against_o a_o legal_a possessor_n of_o the_o throne_n nay_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o subject_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n not_o to_o do_v it_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v bind_v not_o to_o fight_v against_o civil_a authority_n and_o government_n nor_o be_v this_o to_o fight_v for_o wrong_n or_o to_o fight_v against_o right_n where_o ever_o 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the_o sword_n can_v obtain_v in_o short_a when_o a_o prince_n challenge_v his_o right_n by_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v seldom_o see_v that_o his_o own_o content_n he_o if_o he_o win_v his_o crown_n he_o make_v himself_o master_n also_o of_o his_o subject_n right_n and_o may_v carve_v out_o what_o kind_n of_o power_n or_o government_n he_o please_v with_o a_o conquer_a sword_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o obligation_n subject_n shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v under_o to_o the_o rightful_a heir_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v he_o a_o conqueror_n which_o be_v to_o make_v themselves_o slave_n if_o he_o please_v they_o can_v fight_v for_o his_o right_n without_o fight_v against_o their_o own_o and_o against_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o be_v proof_n enough_o that_o no_o civil_a constitution_n can_v allow_v of_o fight_v for_o the_o crown_n such_o thing_n have_v be_v and_o such_o thing_n will_v be_v but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o subject_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n in_o such_o case_n to_o do_v and_o unless_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o enslave_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n they_o can_v never_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v much_o less_o to_o assist_v any_o prince_n whatever_o his_o pretence_n be_v to_o seize_v the_o crown_n by_o conquest_n this_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n against_o any_o prince_n who_o will_v force_v his_o way_n to_o the_o throne_n which_o be_v already_o fill_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o it_o be_v a_o unanswerable_a argument_n in_o our_o present_a case_n we_o know_v the_o late_a king_n james_n too_o well_o to_o trust_v he_o with_o a_o conquest_n if_o we_o can_v help_v it_o and_o we_o know_v the_o french_a king_n too_o well_o to_o receive_v his_o troop_n among_o we_o if_o we_o can_v keep_v they_o out_o and_o those_o who_o conscience_n command_v they_o to_o assist_v the_o late_a king_n to_o conquer_v their_o country_n need_v some_o other_o cure_n than_o argument_n to_o convince_v they_o but_o this_o have_v be_v so_o full_o state_v in_o the_o two_o letter_n to_o a_o friend_n concern_v the_o french_a invasion_n that_o i_o shall_v refer_v my_o reader_n for_o far_a satisfaction_n to_o those_o letter_n finis_fw-la
a_fw-la enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n and_o obligation_n of_o legal_a right_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o popular_a plea_n of_o the_o late_a k._n james_n remain_v right_a to_o the_o crown_n license_v london_n print_v by_o thomas_n hodgkin_n 1693._o a_fw-la enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n and_o obligation_n of_o legal_a right_n etc._n etc._n it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o needless_a task_n to_o prove_v to_o protestant_n that_o it_o be_v more_o for_o their_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a interest_n to_o have_v a_o protestant_n than_o a_o popish_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v apprehend_v any_o great_a danger_n to_o their_o majesty_n government_n from_o those_o scandalous_a libel_n which_o be_v write_v with_o some_o art_n and_o disperse_v with_o great_a diligence_n to_o raise_v and_o foment_n new_a discontent_n those_o be_v very_o sanguine_a man_n who_o hope_v to_o persuade_v we_o that_o our_o liberty_n and_o property_n will_v be_v more_o secure_a and_o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n will_v flourish_v better_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o late_a king_n if_o he_o return_v than_o under_o the_o government_n of_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n we_o remember_v how_o it_o late_o be_v and_o we_o feel_v how_o it_o be_v at_o present_a and_o if_o we_o can_v trust_v our_o memory_n and_o our_o sense_n all_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v impose_v upon_o we_o in_o so_o plain_a a_o matter_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o argument_n from_o interest_n tie_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n in_o the_o fast_o bond_n of_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n but_o the_o law_n of_o justice_n and_o righteousness_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o great_a authority_n over_o mankind_n than_o all_o other_o temporal_a consideration_n and_o at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o they_o will_n and_o therefore_o while_o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o how_o advantageous_a soever_o the_o late_a revolution_n may_v prove_v it_o be_v found_v in_o injustice_n no_o other_o argument_n but_o force_n will_v for_o any_o long_a time_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v the_o late_a king_n out_o or_o to_o establish_v their_o present_a majesty_n in_o the_o throne_n which_o show_v that_o other_o argument_n be_v lose_v labour_n till_o the_o dispute_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n be_v better_a clear_v and_o though_o there_o have_v be_v many_o wise_a thing_n say_v about_o it_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v state_v to_o a_o general_n satisfaction_n the_o government_n of_o the_o late_a king_n give_v great_a reason_n to_o his_o subject_n to_o be_v willing_a to_o part_v with_o he_o whenever_o he_o will_v set_v they_o at_o liberty_n and_o therefore_o if_o king_n james_n have_v suffer_v no_o injustice_n but_o what_o he_o have_v do_v himself_o if_o he_o have_v deliver_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o if_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v legal_o invest_v with_o the_o royal_a power_n and_o be_v the_o legal_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o make_v all_o man_n who_o love_v the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n their_o religion_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n to_o be_v easy_a and_o satisfy_v and_o thankful_a for_o such_o a_o change_n and_o to_o state_n this_o matter_n plain_o to_o silence_v this_o pretence_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n on_o the_o late_a king_n side_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o inquire_v what_o right_a prince_n have_v to_o their_o throne_n this_o may_v at_o first_o be_v think_v a_o dangerous_a enquiry_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o have_v no_o hurt_n in_o it_o and_o the_o loud_a clamour_n about_o right_n which_o disquiet_v so_o many_o man_n mind_n and_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o settlement_n of_o these_o kingdom_n and_o daily_o threaten_v we_o with_o new_a convulsion_n or_o revolution_n make_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a at_o this_o time_n to_o say_v some_o few_o plain_a truth_n which_o carry_v their_o own_o evidence_n and_o conviction_n with_o they_o which_o will_v do_v no_o wrong_n to_o prince_n and_o will_v do_v great_a right_n to_o subject_n the_o whole_a resolution_n of_o this_o matter_n depend_v upon_o one_o single_a question_n if_o so_o plain_a a_o case_n may_v be_v call_v a_o question_n viz._n whether_o prince_n have_v a_o natural_a or_o only_o a_o legal_a right_n to_o their_o throne_n i_o think_v i_o may_v reasonable_o enough_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v without_o dispute_v that_o no_o prince_n have_v any_o other_o right_o to_o his_o throne_n but_o what_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n give_v he_o for_o though_o some_o man_n have_v dispute_v warm_o for_o the_o natural_a and_o patriarchal_a right_n of_o king_n yet_o they_o have_v so_o few_o follower_n and_o the_o hypothesis_n itself_o be_v so_o new_a and_o build_v upon_o such_o uncertain_a conjecture_n and_o so_o contrary_a to_o plain_a matter_n of_o fact_n and_o the_o universal_a practice_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a any_o man_n contend_v about_o whoever_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o know_v the_o mystery_n of_o this_o may_v read_v the_o second_o dialogue_n of_o the_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la and_o try_v if_o he_o can_v make_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o for_o who_o know_v what_o the_o paternal_a and_o patriarchal_a authority_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o civil_a and_o political_a or_o only_o a_o oeconomical_a authority_n such_o as_o parent_n still_o have_v over_o their_o child_n or_o not_o much_o more_o who_o know_v how_o this_o authority_n descend_v and_o what_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o supreme_a father_n and_o of_o the_o immediate_a father_n over_o their_o own_o child_n whether_o this_o by_o natural_a right_n do_v not_o make_v the_o whole_a world_n one_o monarchy_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o lineal_a heir_n of_o the_o elder_a family_n and_o how_o come_v the_o world_n then_o contrary_a to_o natural_a right_n to_o be_v canton_v into_o so_o many_o absolute_a and_o independent_a monarchy_n do_v not_o this_o damn_v all_o republic_n and_o commonwealth_n as_o usurpation_n upon_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o monarchy_n for_o if_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n be_v in_o the_o natural_a heir_n all_o other_o form_n of_o government_n beside_o monarchy_n be_v contrary_a to_o nature_n and_o a_o usurpation_n upon_o natural_a right_n but_o be_v all_o this_o as_o it_o will_v where_o be_v the_o monarch_n this_o day_n in_o the_o world_n that_o derive_v his_o pedigree_n and_o lineal_a descent_n from_o some_o ancient_a pataiarch_n who_o have_v this_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n do_v we_o not_o know_v what_o the_o original_a of_o many_o monarchy_n have_v be_v and_o what_o change_v they_o have_v suffer_v how_o pirate_n and_o robber_n have_v advance_v themselves_o to_o royal_a dignity_n and_o found_v new_a kingdom_n and_o begin_v a_o race_n of_o new_a king_n and_o be_v all_o these_o the_o lineal_a heir_n of_o those_o kingdom_n they_o subdue_v and_o yet_o how_o can_v they_o have_v the_o natural_a patriarchal_a right_n of_o government_n without_o it_o for_o natural_a right_n can_v never_o be_v sparate_v from_o those_o natural_a relation_n which_o create_v they_o these_o be_v very_o great_a absurdity_n and_o yet_o i_o must_v do_v these_o man_n this_o right_a that_o unless_o you_o can_v find_v a_o paternal_a patriarchal_a right_n there_o can_v be_v no_o natural_a right_n to_o civil_a government_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n but_o only_o the_o natural_a authority_n of_o father_n for_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o right_n to_o government_n not_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o king_n succeed_v to_o the_o paternal_a authority_n that_o they_o have_v now_o the_o same_o authority_n over_o their_o subject_n that_o father_n ancient_o have_v over_o their_o child_n which_o i_o doubt_v if_o true_o state_v will_v satisfy_v but_o few_o king_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o hence_o follow_v that_o they_o have_v the_o same_o natural_a right_n to_o their_o throne_n which_o father_n have_v to_o their_o authority_n there_o may_v be_v several_a different_a right_n to_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o authority_n but_o he_o who_o be_v not_o in_o the_o paternal_a line_n nor_o by_o primogeniture_n inherit_v the_o father_n right_a can_v have_v a_o natural_a paternal_a right_n for_o as_o for_o natural_a descent_n in_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n where_o the_o next_o lineal_a heir_n succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n who_o we_o common_o style_v a_o natural_a prince_n and_o a_o prince_n bear_v who_o be_v the_o natural_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v his_o birthright_n it_o be_v plain_a this_o be_v not_o a_o natural_a right_n but_o the_o effect_n of_o law_n for_o if_o this_o be_v the_o right_n of_o nature_n
he_o part_n with_o the_o possession_n for_o though_o a_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o different_a thing_n from_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o the_o legal_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o the_o legal_a right_n to_o government_n be_v either_o the_o same_o thing_n or_o so_o inseparable_o annex_v that_o to_o part_v with_o one_o be_v to_o part_v with_o both_o the_o right_n of_o government_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o right_a to_o exercise_v all_o act_n of_o government_n be_v give_v by_o the_o legal_a possession_n and_o investiture_n and_o therefore_o he_o who_o part_n with_o his_o legal_a possession_n and_o administration_n of_o government_n part_n with_o his_o right_n to_o govern._n to_o forfeit_v the_o obedience_n of_o subject_n i_o think_v be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o forseit_v the_o right_n to_o government_n and_o that_o he_o most_o certain_o do_v who_o leave_v the_o government_n for_o subject_n can_v be_v bind_v to_o obey_v he_o who_o will_v not_o govern_v who_o leave_v they_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o government_n themselves_o or_o give_v up_o the_o government_n to_o those_o who_o will_v take_v it_o no_o prince_n have_v a_o right_a to_o oblige_v subject_n to_o live_v without_o any_o government_n when_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o leave_v they_o and_o therefore_o by_o leave_v the_o government_n he_o absolve_v they_o from_o his_o government_n and_o give_v they_o a_o right_a to_o take_v care_n of_o themselves_o and_o if_o he_o give_v they_o a_o right_a to_o dispose_v of_o the_o government_n he_o must_v give_v away_o his_o own_o right_a to_o govern._n thus_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n whatever_o the_o occasion_n be_v that_o move_v prince_n to_o leave_v their_o throne_n and_o how_o unwilling_o soever_o they_o do_v it_o for_o when_o a_o prince_n leave_v his_o throne_n he_o either_o leave_v his_o subject_n in_o possession_n of_o some_o new_a power_n or_o make_v it_o necessary_a for_o they_o to_o submit_v to_o some_o new_a government_n and_o the_o same_o necessity_n which_o justify_v a_o prince_n in_o leave_v his_o throne_n and_o government_n must_v absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n but_o then_o the_o different_a reason_n for_o which_o prince_n leave_v their_o throne_n make_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o the_o obligation_n of_o subject_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o receive_v or_o not_o to_o receive_v such_o a_o prince_n again_o the_o understanding_n of_o which_o will_v be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o our_o present_a case_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o a_o foreign_a power_n if_o subject_n be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o resist_v the_o usurper_n and_o to_o restore_v their_o prince_n to_o his_o throne_n again_o if_o they_o can_v resist_v they_o may_v and_o must_v submit_v as_o their_o king_n unwilling_o leave_v his_o subject_n to_o save_v his_o own_o life_n and_o liberty_n so_o subject_n may_v as_o unwilling_o leave_v their_o king_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o save_v their_o own_o life_n and_o liberty_n and_o fortune_n for_o the_o necessity_n be_v equal_a on_o both_o side_n the_o king_n do_v actual_o leave_v his_o throne_n and_o government_n though_o he_o be_v force_v by_o a_o hard_a necessity_n to_o do_v so_o and_o when_o the_o throne_n be_v leave_v empty_a subject_n be_v free_a but_o such_o a_o vacancy_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o force_n subject_n ought_v to_o take_v no_o advantage_n of_o it_o against_o their_o king_n when_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o restore_v he_o but_o when_o they_o be_v under_o the_o same_o necessity_n to_o fill_v the_o throne_n that_o he_o be_v to_o leave_v it_o his_o leaving_z it_o vacant_a will_v justify_v their_o fill_n it_o again_o and_o submit_v to_o a_o new_a prince_n if_o a_o king_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o his_o own_o rebellious_a subject_n this_o will_v never_o justify_v they_o in_o keep_v he_o out_o for_o though_o the_o king_n be_v go_v he_o do_v not_o leave_v they_o but_o they_o drive_v he_o away_o and_o if_o the_o throne_n be_v vacant_a they_o themselves_o make_v it_o so_o and_o therefore_o be_v bind_v to_o fill_v it_o again_o with_o the_o prince_n who_o they_o have_v put_v out_o and_o yet_o how_o far_o loyal_a subject_n in_o this_o case_n may_v submit_v to_o force_n and_o necessity_n and_o consult_v the_o peace_n and_o good_a government_n of_o their_o country_n be_v a_o great_a dispute_n which_o i_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o interpose_v in_o at_o present_a all_o that_o i_o have_v to_o say_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n be_v that_o though_o in_o this_o case_n the_o throne_n be_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la vacant_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o such_o a_o vacancy_n as_o will_v justify_v subject_n in_o fill_v it_o with_o a_o new_a prince_n but_o if_o the_o throne_n be_v fill_v or_o a_o new_a government_n set_v up_o how_o far_o subject_n may_v submit_v to_o it_o be_v anonother_n question_n if_o a_o king_n without_o any_o force_n from_o his_o subject_n private_o without_o their_o knowledge_n withdraw_v his_o person_n and_o authority_n it_o be_v certain_a he_o leave_v his_o throne_n empty_a but_o whether_o his_o subject_n may_v fill_v it_o with_o the_o next_o heir_n or_o must_v invite_v he_o back_o to_o fill_v it_o again_o himself_o belong_v to_o a_o public_a judgement_n upon_o a_o wise_a and_o equitable_a consideration_n of_o all_o circumstance_n and_o such_o a_o public_a judgement_n ought_v to_o determine_v all_o private_a subject_n the_o throne_n be_v empty_a when_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v it_o and_o a_o empty_a throne_n must_v be_v fill_v because_o the_o nation_n must_v be_v govern_v but_o yet_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o difference_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n between_o such_o a_o vacancy_n as_o this_o by_o the_o king_n be_v withdraw_v his_o person_n and_o authority_n and_o a_o vacancy_n by_o death_n which_o give_v the_o next_o heir_n a_o immediate_a right_n to_o ascend_v the_o throne_n the_o right_n of_o inheritance_n and_o succession_n do_v not_o immediate_o take_v place_n but_o upon_o the_o natural_a death_n of_o the_o king_n whether_o the_o throne_n be_v so_o vacant_a while_o the_o former_a king_n be_v live_v as_o to_o give_v right_o to_o the_o next_o heir_n to_o succeed_v be_v matter_n of_o judgement_n and_o must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o judicial_a sentence_n of_o those_o to_o who_o the_o cognizance_n of_o such_o matter_n belong_v now_o though_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o estate_n ought_v to_o be_v conclusive_a to_o private_a subject_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a after_o such_o a_o judgement_n to_o inquire_v into_o such_o matter_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o king_n james_n have_v give_v they_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o justify_v they_o to_o all_o the_o world_n in_o declare_v his_o throne_n vacant_a i_o have_v already_o observe_v for_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o prove_v what_o be_v self-evident_a that_o when_o a_o king_n have_v leave_v his_o throne_n it_o be_v empty_a and_o that_o the_o necessity_n of_o government_n require_v that_o a_o empty_a throne_n shall_v be_v fill_v again_o and_o then_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o subject_n who_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v without_o any_o government_n to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o to_o fill_v it_o now_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o king_n be_v leave_v be_v such_o as_o make_v it_o just_a for_o they_o if_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o call_v he_o back_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o but_o if_o he_o leave_v they_o for_o such_o reason_n as_o will_v make_v very_o good_a and_o loyal_a subject_n glad_a to_o be_v rid_v of_o he_o they_o may_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o his_o leave_v they_o to_o fill_v the_o throne_n with_o a_o more_o desirable_a prince_n for_o no_o prince_n have_v liberty_n voluntary_o to_o forsake_v his_o government_n without_o give_v up_o his_o right_n to_o it_o for_o human_a society_n must_v be_v govern_v and_o therefore_o he_o actual_o deve_v himself_o of_o the_o government_n who_o by_o leave_v it_o make_v it_o his_o own_o choice_n not_o to_o govern_v and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v so_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o conceive_v whence_o he_o shall_v have_v authority_n to_o resume_v the_o government_n again_o at_o his_o pleasure_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o people_n who_o he_o will_v govern_v so_o that_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v plain_a that_o a_o prince_n who_o once_o quit_v his_o government_n must_v expect_v a_o restauration_n from_o the_o good_a nature_n of_o his_o former_a subject_n not_o of_o right_n his_o appeal_n must_v be_v to_o conscience_n and_o equity_n not_o a_o demand_n of_o their_o duty_n by_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o justice_n let_v we_o
therefore_o consider_v the_o case_n of_o the_o late_a k._n j._n with_o relation_n to_o plea_n of_o this_o kind_n all_o that_o ever_o i_o can_v hear_v say_v against_o his_o abdication_n and_o desertion_n be_v that_o he_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o just_a and_o reasonable_a fear_n and_o therefore_o leave_v his_o throne_n very_o unwilling_o and_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o divest_v himself_o of_o royal_a authority_n but_o only_o to_o reserve_v himself_o for_o better_a time_n till_o he_o can_v return_v to_o his_o throne_n by_o force_n and_o power_n all_o this_o i_o very_o believe_v be_v true_a that_o he_o go_v away_o unwilling_o and_o hope_v to_o return_v again_o with_o power_n and_o have_v no_o mind_n no_o intention_n to_o part_v with_o his_o kingdom_n for_o ever_o but_o what_o will_v they_o prove_v by_o all_o this_o will_v they_o prove_v that_o the_o late_a king_n do_v not_o leave_v his_o throne_n or_o that_o when_o he_o have_v leave_v it_o the_o throne_n be_v not_o empty_a which_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o he_o do_v not_o leave_v his_o throne_n or_o that_o though_o he_o leave_v it_o it_o be_v not_o empty_a because_o he_o leave_v it_o and_o leave_v it_o empty_a in_o a_o fright_n or_o will_v they_o prove_v that_o his_o go_v away_o in_o a_o fright_n be_v not_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n of_o his_o throne_n i_o care_v not_o much_o if_o i_o grant_v this_o too_o if_o they_o will_v but_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v a_o leave_v it_o for_o to_o leave_v a_o throne_n give_v subject_n a_o right_a to_o fill_v it_o as_o well_o as_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n do_v because_o the_o throne_n must_v be_v full_a or_o government_n cease_v and_o a_o king_n that_o leave_v his_o throne_n though_o he_o know_v it_o must_v be_v fill_v if_o he_o leave_v it_o do_v that_o by_o leave_v his_o throne_n which_o he_o who_o resign_v it_o do_v by_o a_o formal_a instrument_n of_o resignation_n that_o be_v he_o signify_v to_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o will_v govern_v they_o but_o they_o must_v shift_v for_o themselves_o for_o it_o be_v not_o at_o the_o will_n of_o a_o prince_n whether_o a_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v govern_v or_o not_o and_o when_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v they_o it_o seem_v more_o regular_a and_o legal_a to_o place_v the_o next_o heir_n on_o the_o throne_n than_o to_o set_v up_o any_o other_o person_n or_o government_n the_o reason_n then_o why_o subject_n shall_v not_o have_v fill_v the_o throne_n when_o the_o late_a king_n have_v leave_v it_o empty_a aught_o to_o be_v resolve_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o go_v away_o what_o they_o be_v be_v sufficient_o know_v and_o i_o believe_v no_o english_a protestant_n who_o love_v the_o religion_n and_o liberty_n of_o his_o country_n will_v say_v that_o they_o be_v such_o reason_n as_o will_v excuse_v or_o justify_v his_o leave_v they_o or_o make_v it_o the_o duty_n of_o subject_n to_o recall_v he_o the_o only_a visible_a reason_n of_o his_o leave_v we_o be_v this_o that_o if_o he_o stay_v he_o must_v be_v under_o a_o necessity_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o he_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o venture_v his_o cause_n with_o they_o not_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o censure_n and_o redress_v the_o miscarriage_n of_o his_o government_n not_o to_o part_v with_o his_o dispense_v power_n not_o to_o give_v such_o security_n as_o a_o parliament_n will_v have_v demand_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o law_n liberty_n and_o religion_n that_o be_v he_o be_v resolve_v to_o be_v no_o king_n or_o to_o be_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a and_o let_v any_o man_n judge_n whether_o this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a reason_n for_o subject_n to_o take_v the_o advantage_n which_o he_o have_v give_v they_o and_o to_o fill_v the_o throne_n which_o he_o have_v make_v empty_a to_o renounce_v a_o legal_a government_n be_v to_o renounce_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o he_o who_o leave_v the_o throne_n to_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o govern_v by_o law_n may_v get_v it_o again_o when_o he_o can_v but_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o give_v it_o he_o they_o know_v for_o what_o reason_n he_o part_v with_o it_o and_o to_o restore_v it_o to_o he_o will_v be_v a_o plain_a consent_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o upon_o his_o own_o term_n i_o know_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o he_o have_v reason_n to_o fear_v that_o his_o person_n be_v not_o safe_a in_o england_n and_o that_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o he_o withdraw_v into_o france_n but_o this_o be_v so_o unreasonable_a a_o fear_n have_v he_o resolve_v to_o have_v comply_v with_o the_o parliament_n that_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o plausible_a pretence_n than_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o his_o withdraw_n the_o prince_n indeed_o be_v land_v with_o a_o considerable_a force_n and_o the_o king_n be_v desert_v by_o some_o of_o his_o subject_n who_o declare_v for_o the_o prince_n and_o by_o part_n of_o his_o army_n that_o go_v over_o to_o he_o which_o i_o grant_v be_v reason_n enough_o for_o he_o to_o suspect_v that_o 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in_o danger_n of_o fall_v under_o popery_n and_o slavery_n the_o denial_n of_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o prince_n of_o denmark_n duke_n of_o grafton_n lord_n churchill_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n leave_v he_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o my_o lord_n churchill_n and_o when_o his_o voyage_n for_o france_n be_v stop_v and_o he_o return_v to_o london_n the_o general_a acclamation_n wherewith_o he_o be_v receive_v as_o he_o pass_v through_o london-street_n may_v have_v satisfy_v he_o how_o little_a danger_n his_o person_n be_v in_o and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o observe_v it_o himself_o that_o though_o they_o hate_v his_o religion_n they_o love_v his_o person_n if_o then_o the_o late_a king_n have_v no_o reasonable_a cause_n to_o fear_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o person_n will_v he_o have_v stay_v to_o redress_v all_o grievance_n by_o a_o free_a parliament_n if_o subject_n have_v no_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o think_v that_o he_o 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let_v we_o suppose_v his_o fear_n have_v be_v never_o so_o just_a and_o reasonable_a we_o must_v consider_v who_o bring_v he_o into_o this_o state_n of_o fear_n and_o danger_n for_o if_o the_o gild_n of_o this_o be_v whole_o his_o own_o his_o fear_n be_v no_o better_a excuse_n than_o those_o violent_a and_o illegal_a proceed_n which_o first_o frighten_v the_o whole_a nation_n and_o then_o bring_v these_o fear_n upon_o himself_o what_o he_o have_v already_o do_v justify_v both_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n in_o what_o they_o do_v and_o if_o no_o body_n be_v in_o fault_n but_o himself_o if_o his_o own_o misgovernment_n make_v he_o fear_n and_o his_o fear_n make_v he_o quit_v
his_o throne_n his_o abdication_n be_v as_o perfect_o his_o own_o act_n as_o his_o misgovernment_n be_v and_o then_o subject_n may_v very_o innocent_o take_v the_o advantage_n which_o without_o their_o fault_n he_o have_v put_v into_o their_o hand_n to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o fear_n and_o slavery_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n now_o our_o gracious_a sovereign_n have_v very_o just_a reason_n for_o what_o he_o do_v his_o princess_n be_v the_o next_o presumptive_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o in_o her_o right_n he_o be_v immediate_o concern_v in_o the_o protection_n and_o defence_n of_o these_o protestant_a kingdom_n at_o least_o so_o far_o as_o to_o secure_v the_o succession_n the_o late_a king_n make_v great_a haste_n to_o subvert_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o english_a government_n to_o change_v our_o law_n and_o liberty_n and_o religion_n and_o both_o to_o effect_v and_o secure_v such_o usurpation_n take_v care_n as_o fast_o as_o he_o can_v to_o put_v the_o whole_a civil_a and_o military_a power_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o papist_n what_o a_o evil_a aspect_n this_o have_v on_o protestant_a heir_n and_o successor_n beside_o the_o present_a oppression_n of_o the_o subject_a every_o one_o saw_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o queen_n have_v bring_v forth_o a_o prince_n of_o wales_n to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n and_o to_o perfect_v that_o bless_a work_n of_o slavery_n and_o popery_n if_o this_o will_v not_o justify_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n early_a care_n for_o a_o legal_a redress_n of_o abuse_n which_o will_v infallible_o have_v alter_v the_o succession_n and_o defeat_v his_o right_n if_o they_o have_v proceed_v any_o far_a i_o think_v the_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v in_o a_o ill_a condition_n for_o it_o may_v be_v with_o the_o late_a to_o put_v in_o his_o claim_n when_o another_o be_v step_v into_o the_o throne_n before_o he_o it_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n for_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n 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subject_n of_o england_n do_v shall_v they_o fight_v for_o king_n james_n against_o the_o prince_n what_o have_v that_o be_v but_o to_o fight_v against_o a_o free_a parliament_n our_o law_n and_o our_o religion_n those_o protestant_n who_o be_v now_o the_o most_o zealous_a assertor_n of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v right_a do_v at_o that_o time_n for_o these_o reason_n excuse_v themselves_o from_o the_o obligation_n of_o fight_v for_o he_o and_o yet_o engish_v subject_n can_v be_v charge_v with_o deny_v to_o assist_v their_o king_n against_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n for_o they_o be_v never_o require_v to_o do_v it_o there_o be_v no_o new_a commission_n grant_v they_o without_o which_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n according_a to_o strictness_n of_o law_n it_o have_v be_v criminal_a in_o they_o to_o take_v arm_n though_o it_o have_v be_v to_o defend_v their_o king_n and_o it_o seem_v very_o hard_a if_o such_o a_o difficult_a juncture_n as_o that_o be_v when_o there_o be_v two_o army_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n will_v not_o justify_v those_o gentleman_n who_o take_v arm_n and_o stand_v upon_o their_o own_o defence_n and_o that_o they_o declare_v to_o stand_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n till_o all_o miscarriage_n shall_v be_v redress_v by_o a_o free_a parliament_n seem_v to_o i_o little_o more_o than_o what_o those_o bishop_n themselves_o do_v who_o now_o refuse_v the_o oath_n for_o when_o they_o be_v require_v to_o do_v it_o they_o will_v not_o sign_v a_o abhorrence_n of_o the_o prince_n undertake_n and_o at_o guildhall_n they_o fign_v the_o lord_n address_v to_o the_o prince_n wherein_o they_o promise_v he_o their_o assistance_n to_o procure_v a_o free_a parliament_n and_o if_o neither_o the_o prince_n nor_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n be_v to_o be_v blame_v for_o what_o they_o do_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o guess_v where_o the_o whole_a blame_v must_v lie_v and_o if_o he_o wilful_o bring_v this_o necessity_n upon_o himself_o of_o quit_v his_o 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